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Penttilä PA, Paajanen A. Critical comment on the assumptions leading to 24-chain microfibrils in wood. Nat Plants 2024:10.1038/s41477-024-01689-w. [PMID: 38769445 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01689-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Paavo A Penttilä
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Antti Paajanen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland
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2
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Hidalgo-Cenalmor I, Pylvänäinen JW, G Ferreira M, Russell CT, Saguy A, Arganda-Carreras I, Shechtman Y, Jacquemet G, Henriques R, Gómez-de-Mariscal E. DL4MicEverywhere: deep learning for microscopy made flexible, shareable and reproducible. Nat Methods 2024:10.1038/s41592-024-02295-6. [PMID: 38760611 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02295-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna W Pylvänäinen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Mariana G Ferreira
- Optical Cell Biology Group, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Craig T Russell
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alon Saguy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ignacio Arganda-Carreras
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián, Spain
- Biofisika Institute (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Yoav Shechtman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Guillaume Jacquemet
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
- Turku Bioimaging, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
| | - Ricardo Henriques
- Optical Cell Biology Group, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK.
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3
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Voigt C, Dubbert M, Launiainen S, Porada P, Oestmann J, Piayda A. Impact of vegetation composition and seasonality on sensitivity of modelled CO 2 exchange in temperate raised bogs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11023. [PMID: 38744922 PMCID: PMC11094101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61229-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Encroachment of vascular plants (VP) in temperate raised bogs, as a consequence of altered hydrological conditions and nutrient input, is widely observed. Effects of such vegetation shift on water and carbon cycles are, however, largely unknown and identification of responsible plant physiological traits is challenging. Process-based modelling offers the opportunity of gaining insights into ecosystem functioning beyond observations, and to infer decisive trait shifts of plant functional groups. We adapted the Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Transfer model pyAPES to a temperate raised bog site by calibration against measured peat temperature, water table and surface CO2 fluxes. We identified the most important traits determining CO2 fluxes by conducting Morris sensitivity analysis (MSA) under changing conditions throughout the year and simulated VP encroachment. We further investigated transferability of results to other sites by extending MSA to parameter ranges derived from literature review. We found highly variable intra-annual plant traits importance determining ecosystem CO2 fluxes, but only a partial shift of importance of photosynthetic processes from moss to VP during encroachment. Ecosystem respiration was dominated by peat respiration. Overall, carboxylation rate, base respiration rate and temperature sensitivity (Q10) were most important for determining bog CO2 balance and parameter ranking was robust even under the extended MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claas Voigt
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany.
- Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Bundesallee 65A, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Maren Dubbert
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Samuli Launiainen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Philipp Porada
- Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, Universität Hamburg, Ohnhorststr. 18, 22609, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Oestmann
- Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Bundesallee 65A, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Arndt Piayda
- Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Bundesallee 65A, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany
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4
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Urpa L, Kurki MI, Rahikkala E, Hämäläinen E, Salomaa V, Suvisaari J, Keski-Filppula R, Rauhala M, Korpi-Heikkilä S, Komulainen-Ebrahim J, Helander H, Vieira P, Uusimaa J, Moilanen JS, Körkkö J, Singh T, Kuismin O, Pietiläinen O, Palotie A, Daly MJ. Evidence for the additivity of rare and common variant burden throughout the spectrum of intellectual disability. Eur J Hum Genet 2024; 32:576-583. [PMID: 38467730 PMCID: PMC11061114 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-024-01581-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is a common disorder, yet there is a wide spectrum of impairment from mild to profoundly affected individuals. Mild ID is seen as the low extreme of the general distribution of intelligence, while severe ID is often seen as a monogenic disorder caused by rare, pathogenic, highly penetrant variants. To investigate the genetic factors influencing mild and severe ID, we evaluated rare and common variation in the Northern Finland Intellectual Disability cohort (n = 1096 ID patients), a cohort with a high percentage of mild ID (n = 550) and from a population bottleneck enriched in rare, damaging variation. Despite this enrichment, we found only a small percentage of ID was due to recessive Finnish-enriched variants (0.5%). A larger proportion was linked to dominant variation, with a significant burden of rare, damaging variation in both mild and severe ID. This rare variant burden was enriched in more severe ID (p = 2.4e-4), patients without a relative with ID (p = 4.76e-4), and in those with features associated with monogenic disorders. We also found a significant burden of common variants associated with decreased cognitive function, with no difference between mild and more severe ID. When we included common and rare variants in a joint model, the rare and common variants had additive effects in both mild and severe ID. A multimodel inference approach also found that common and rare variants together best explained ID status (ΔAIC = 16.8, ΔBIC = 10.2). Overall, we report evidence for the additivity of rare and common variant burden throughout the spectrum of intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Urpa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Mitja I Kurki
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisa Rahikkala
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eija Hämäläinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Riikka Keski-Filppula
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Merja Rauhala
- Oulu University Hospital, Center for Intellectual Disability Care, Oulu, Finland
- Intellectual Disability Department, Wellbeing services, County of Kainuu, Kajaani, Finland
| | - Satu Korpi-Heikkilä
- Oulu University Hospital, Center for Intellectual Disability Care, Oulu, Finland
- The Social Insurance Institution of Finland (KELA), Oulu, Finland
| | - Jonna Komulainen-Ebrahim
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Unit of Child Neurology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heli Helander
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Unit of Child Neurology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Päivi Vieira
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Unit of Child Neurology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Uusimaa
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Unit of Child Neurology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jukka S Moilanen
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jarmo Körkkö
- Oulu University Hospital, Center for Intellectual Disability Care, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tarjinder Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain and Behavioral Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Outi Kuismin
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Olli Pietiläinen
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- HiLIFE Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark J Daly
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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5
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Rasola M, Möttönen M. Autonomous quantum heat engine based on non-Markovian dynamics of an optomechanical Hamiltonian. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9448. [PMID: 38658607 PMCID: PMC11043434 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59881-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We propose a recipe for demonstrating an autonomous quantum heat engine where the working fluid consists of a harmonic oscillator, the frequency of which is tuned by a driving mode. The working fluid is coupled two heat reservoirs each exhibiting a peaked power spectrum, a hot reservoir peaked at a higher frequency than the cold reservoir. Provided that the driving mode is initialized in a coherent state with a high enough amplitude and the parameters of the utilized optomechanical Hamiltonian and the reservoirs are appropriate, the driving mode induces an approximate Otto cycle for the working fluid and consequently its oscillation amplitude begins to increase in time. We build both an analytical and a non-Markovian quasiclassical model for this quantum heat engine and show that reasonably powerful coherent fields can be generated as the output of the quantum heat engine. This general theoretical proposal heralds the in-depth studies of quantum heat engines in the non-Markovian regime. Further, it paves the way for specific physical realizations, such as those in optomechanical systems, and for the subsequent experimental realization of an autonomous quantum heat engine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miika Rasola
- QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland.
| | - Mikko Möttönen
- QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
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6
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Xing L, Gkini V, Nieminen AI, Zhou HC, Aquilino M, Naumann R, Reppe K, Tanaka K, Carmeliet P, Heikinheimo O, Pääbo S, Huttner WB, Namba T. Functional synergy of a human-specific and an ape-specific metabolic regulator in human neocortex development. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3468. [PMID: 38658571 PMCID: PMC11043075 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolism has recently emerged as a major target of genes implicated in the evolutionary expansion of human neocortex. One such gene is the human-specific gene ARHGAP11B. During human neocortex development, ARHGAP11B increases the abundance of basal radial glia, key progenitors for neocortex expansion, by stimulating glutaminolysis (glutamine-to-glutamate-to-alpha-ketoglutarate) in mitochondria. Here we show that the ape-specific protein GLUD2 (glutamate dehydrogenase 2), which also operates in mitochondria and converts glutamate-to-αKG, enhances ARHGAP11B's ability to increase basal radial glia abundance. ARHGAP11B + GLUD2 double-transgenic bRG show increased production of aspartate, a metabolite essential for cell proliferation, from glutamate via alpha-ketoglutarate and the TCA cycle. Hence, during human evolution, a human-specific gene exploited the existence of another gene that emerged during ape evolution, to increase, via concerted changes in metabolism, progenitor abundance and neocortex size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xing
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Vasiliki Gkini
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE - Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anni I Nieminen
- FIMM Metabolomics Unit, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hui-Chao Zhou
- Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB-KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matilde Aquilino
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE - Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ronald Naumann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Reppe
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kohichi Tanaka
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Oskari Heikinheimo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Svante Pääbo
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Human Evolutionary Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa, Onna-son, Japan
| | - Wieland B Huttner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Takashi Namba
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE - Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Zhong H, Sian V, Johari M, Katayama S, Oghabian A, Jonson PH, Hackman P, Savarese M, Udd B. Revealing myopathy spectrum: integrating transcriptional and clinical features of human skeletal muscles with varying health conditions. Commun Biol 2024; 7:438. [PMID: 38600180 PMCID: PMC11006663 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06143-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Myopathy refers to a large group of heterogeneous, rare muscle diseases. Bulk RNA-sequencing has been utilized for the diagnosis and research of these diseases for many years. However, the existing valuable sequencing data often lack integration and clinical interpretation. In this study, we integrated bulk RNA-sequencing data from 1221 human skeletal muscles (292 with myopathies, 929 controls) from both databases and our local samples. By applying a method similar to single-cell analysis, we revealed a general spectrum of muscle diseases, ranging from healthy to mild disease, moderate muscle wasting, and severe muscle disease. This spectrum was further partly validated in three specific myopathies (97 muscles) through clinical features including trinucleotide repeat expansion, magnetic resonance imaging fat fraction, pathology, and clinical severity scores. This spectrum helped us identify 234 genuinely healthy muscles as unprecedented controls, providing a new perspective for deciphering the hallmark genes and pathways among different myopathies. The newly identified featured genes of general myopathy, inclusion body myositis, and titinopathy were highly expressed in our local muscles, as validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahua Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Veronica Sian
- Department of Precision Medicine, "Luigi Vanvitelli" University of Campania, Via L. De Crecchio 7, Naples, Italy
| | - Mridul Johari
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Shintaro Katayama
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ali Oghabian
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per Harald Jonson
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Hackman
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marco Savarese
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Tampere Neuromuscular Center, University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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8
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Naz M, Zhang L, Chen C, Yang S, Dou H, Mann S, Li J. Self-assembly of stabilized droplets from liquid-liquid phase separation for higher-order structures and functions. Commun Chem 2024; 7:79. [PMID: 38594355 PMCID: PMC11004187 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01168-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Dynamic microscale droplets produced by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) have emerged as appealing biomaterials due to their remarkable features. However, the instability of droplets limits the construction of population-level structures with collective behaviors. Here we first provide a brief background of droplets in the context of materials properties. Subsequently, we discuss current strategies for stabilizing droplets including physical separation and chemical modulation. We also discuss the recent development of LLPS droplets for various applications such as synthetic cells and biomedical materials. Finally, we give insights on how stabilized droplets can self-assemble into higher-order structures displaying coordinated functions to fully exploit their potentials in bottom-up synthetic biology and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Naz
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study (ZIAS), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 429 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study (ZIAS), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 429 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chong Chen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Shuo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study (ZIAS), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 429 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hongjing Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study (ZIAS), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 429 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Stephen Mann
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study (ZIAS), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 429 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Centre for Protolife Research and Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
- Max Planck-Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Jianwei Li
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, Turku, 20520, Finland.
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9
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Zuber PK, Said N, Hilal T, Wang B, Loll B, González-Higueras J, Ramírez-Sarmiento CA, Belogurov GA, Artsimovitch I, Wahl MC, Knauer SH. Concerted transformation of a hyper-paused transcription complex and its reinforcing protein. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3040. [PMID: 38589445 PMCID: PMC11001881 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
RfaH, a paralog of the universally conserved NusG, binds to RNA polymerases (RNAP) and ribosomes to activate expression of virulence genes. In free, autoinhibited RfaH, an α-helical KOW domain sequesters the RNAP-binding site. Upon recruitment to RNAP paused at an ops site, KOW is released and refolds into a β-barrel, which binds the ribosome. Here, we report structures of ops-paused transcription elongation complexes alone and bound to the autoinhibited and activated RfaH, which reveal swiveled, pre-translocated pause states stabilized by an ops hairpin in the non-template DNA. Autoinhibited RfaH binds and twists the ops hairpin, expanding the RNA:DNA hybrid to 11 base pairs and triggering the KOW release. Once activated, RfaH hyper-stabilizes the pause, which thus requires anti-backtracking factors for escape. Our results suggest that the entire RfaH cycle is solely determined by the ops and RfaH sequences and provide insights into mechanisms of recruitment and metamorphosis of NusG homologs across all life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp K Zuber
- Biochemistry IV-Biophysical Chemistry, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nelly Said
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Structural Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tarek Hilal
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Structural Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Research Center of Electron Microscopy and Core Facility BioSupraMol, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bernhard Loll
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Structural Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jorge González-Higueras
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- ANID, Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile
| | - César A Ramírez-Sarmiento
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- ANID, Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Irina Artsimovitch
- Department of Microbiology and Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Markus C Wahl
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Structural Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Macromolecular Crystallography, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Stefan H Knauer
- Biochemistry IV-Biophysical Chemistry, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
- Bristol-Myers Squibb GmbH & Co. KGaA, Munich, Germany.
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10
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Myrov V, Siebenhühner F, Juvonen JJ, Arnulfo G, Palva S, Palva JM. Rhythmicity of neuronal oscillations delineates their cortical and spectral architecture. Commun Biol 2024; 7:405. [PMID: 38570628 PMCID: PMC10991572 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06083-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuronal oscillations are commonly analyzed with power spectral methods that quantify signal amplitude, but not rhythmicity or 'oscillatoriness' per se. Here we introduce a new approach, the phase-autocorrelation function (pACF), for the direct quantification of rhythmicity. We applied pACF to human intracerebral stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) data and uncovered a spectrally and anatomically fine-grained cortical architecture in the rhythmicity of single- and multi-frequency neuronal oscillations. Evidencing the functional significance of rhythmicity, we found it to be a prerequisite for long-range synchronization in resting-state networks and to be dynamically modulated during event-related processing. We also extended the pACF approach to measure 'burstiness' of oscillatory processes and characterized regions with stable and bursty oscillations. These findings show that rhythmicity is double-dissociable from amplitude and constitutes a functionally relevant and dynamic characteristic of neuronal oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Myrov
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Felix Siebenhühner
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joonas J Juvonen
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriele Arnulfo
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and System Engineering, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Satu Palva
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Matias Palva
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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11
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Lepikko S, Jaques YM, Junaid M, Backholm M, Lahtinen J, Julin J, Jokinen V, Sajavaara T, Sammalkorpi M, Foster AS, Ras RHA. Droplet slipperiness despite surface heterogeneity at molecular scale. Nat Chem 2024; 16:506-513. [PMID: 37872419 PMCID: PMC10997520 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01346-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Friction determines whether liquid droplets slide off a solid surface or stick to it. Surface heterogeneity is generally acknowledged as the major cause of increased contact angle hysteresis and contact line friction of droplets. Here we challenge this long-standing premise for chemical heterogeneity at the molecular length scale. By tuning the coverage of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), water contact angles change gradually from about 10° to 110° yet contact angle hysteresis and contact line friction are low for the low-coverage hydrophilic SAMs as well as high-coverage hydrophobic SAMs. Their slipperiness is not expected based on the substantial chemical heterogeneity of the SAMs featuring uncoated areas of the substrate well beyond the size of a water molecule as probed by metal reactants. According to molecular dynamics simulations, the low friction of both low- and high-coverage SAMs originates from the mobility of interfacial water molecules. These findings reveal a yet unknown and counterintuitive mechanism for slipperiness, opening new avenues for enhancing the mobility of droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakari Lepikko
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Life-Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Ygor Morais Jaques
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Life-Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Life-Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Matilda Backholm
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Life-Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Jouko Lahtinen
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Jaakko Julin
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ville Jokinen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Timo Sajavaara
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Maria Sammalkorpi
- Centre of Excellence in Life-Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Adam S Foster
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Robin H A Ras
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
- Centre of Excellence in Life-Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
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12
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Salojärvi J, Rambani A, Yu Z, Guyot R, Strickler S, Lepelley M, Wang C, Rajaraman S, Rastas P, Zheng C, Muñoz DS, Meidanis J, Paschoal AR, Bawin Y, Krabbenhoft TJ, Wang ZQ, Fleck SJ, Aussel R, Bellanger L, Charpagne A, Fournier C, Kassam M, Lefebvre G, Métairon S, Moine D, Rigoreau M, Stolte J, Hamon P, Couturon E, Tranchant-Dubreuil C, Mukherjee M, Lan T, Engelhardt J, Stadler P, Correia De Lemos SM, Suzuki SI, Sumirat U, Wai CM, Dauchot N, Orozco-Arias S, Garavito A, Kiwuka C, Musoli P, Nalukenge A, Guichoux E, Reinout H, Smit M, Carretero-Paulet L, Filho OG, Braghini MT, Padilha L, Sera GH, Ruttink T, Henry R, Marraccini P, Van de Peer Y, Andrade A, Domingues D, Giuliano G, Mueller L, Pereira LF, Plaisance S, Poncet V, Rombauts S, Sankoff D, Albert VA, Crouzillat D, de Kochko A, Descombes P. The genome and population genomics of allopolyploid Coffea arabica reveal the diversification history of modern coffee cultivars. Nat Genet 2024; 56:721-731. [PMID: 38622339 PMCID: PMC11018527 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01695-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Coffea arabica, an allotetraploid hybrid of Coffea eugenioides and Coffea canephora, is the source of approximately 60% of coffee products worldwide, and its cultivated accessions have undergone several population bottlenecks. We present chromosome-level assemblies of a di-haploid C. arabica accession and modern representatives of its diploid progenitors, C. eugenioides and C. canephora. The three species exhibit largely conserved genome structures between diploid parents and descendant subgenomes, with no obvious global subgenome dominance. We find evidence for a founding polyploidy event 350,000-610,000 years ago, followed by several pre-domestication bottlenecks, resulting in narrow genetic variation. A split between wild accessions and cultivar progenitors occurred ~30.5 thousand years ago, followed by a period of migration between the two populations. Analysis of modern varieties, including lines historically introgressed with C. canephora, highlights their breeding histories and loci that may contribute to pathogen resistance, laying the groundwork for future genomics-based breeding of C. arabica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarkko Salojärvi
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Aditi Rambani
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Zhe Yu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Romain Guyot
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Electronics and Automation, Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Susan Strickler
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Maud Lepelley
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Nestlé Research, Tours, France
| | - Cui Wang
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sitaram Rajaraman
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pasi Rastas
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Chunfang Zheng
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniella Santos Muñoz
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - João Meidanis
- Institute of Computing, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Rossi Paschoal
- Department of Computer Science, The Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR), Cornélio Procópio, Brazil
| | - Yves Bawin
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Melle, Belgium
| | | | - Zhen Qin Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Steven J Fleck
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Rudy Aussel
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Nestlé Research, Tours, France
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | | | - Aline Charpagne
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Coralie Fournier
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Kassam
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gregory Lefebvre
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylviane Métairon
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Déborah Moine
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Rigoreau
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Nestlé Research, Tours, France
| | - Jens Stolte
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Perla Hamon
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuel Couturon
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Minakshi Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Tianying Lan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jan Engelhardt
- Department of Computer Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Stadler
- Department of Computer Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Ucu Sumirat
- Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), Jember, Indonesia
| | - Ching Man Wai
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Nicolas Dauchot
- Research Unit in Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Simon Orozco-Arias
- Department of Electronics and Automation, Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Andrea Garavito
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Catherine Kiwuka
- National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Pascal Musoli
- National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Anne Nalukenge
- National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Erwan Guichoux
- Biodiversité Gènes & Communautés, INRA, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Martin Smit
- Hortus Botanicus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Oliveiro Guerreiro Filho
- Instituto Agronômico (IAC) Centro de Café 'Alcides Carvalho', Fazenda Santa Elisa, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Masako Toma Braghini
- Instituto Agronômico (IAC) Centro de Café 'Alcides Carvalho', Fazenda Santa Elisa, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Lilian Padilha
- Embrapa Café/Instituto Agronômico (IAC) Centro de Café 'Alcides Carvalho', Fazenda Santa Elisa, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Tom Ruttink
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Melle, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robert Henry
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pierre Marraccini
- CIRAD - UMR DIADE (IRD-CIRAD-Université de Montpellier) BP 64501, Montpellier, France
| | - Yves Van de Peer
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- College of Horticulture, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alan Andrade
- Embrapa Café/Inovacafé Laboratory of Molecular Genetics Campus da UFLA-MG, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Douglas Domingues
- Group of Genomics and Transcriptomes in Plants, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Giovanni Giuliano
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Lukas Mueller
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Luiz Filipe Pereira
- Embrapa Café/Lab. Biotecnologia, Área de Melhoramento Genético, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Valerie Poncet
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Stephane Rombauts
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - David Sankoff
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victor A Albert
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | | | - Alexandre de Kochko
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Patrick Descombes
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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13
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Norha J, Sjöros T, Garthwaite T, Laine S, Saarenhovi M, Kallio P, Laitinen K, Houttu N, Vähä-Ypyä H, Sievänen H, Löyttyniemi E, Vasankari T, Knuuti J, Kalliokoski KK, Heinonen IHA. Effects of reduced sedentary time on resting, exercise and post-exercise blood pressure in inactive adults with metabolic syndrome - a six-month exploratory RCT. J Hum Hypertens 2024; 38:314-321. [PMID: 38267651 PMCID: PMC11001575 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-024-00894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Evidence on the long-term effects of reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) on blood pressure (BP) is scarce. Therefore, we performed a sub-analysis of the BP effects of a six-month intervention that aimed at reducing SB by 1 h/day and replacing it with non-exercise activities. Sixty-four physically inactive and sedentary adults with metabolic syndrome (58% female, 58 [SD 7] years, BP 143/88 [16/9] mmHg, SB 10 [1] h/day) were randomised into intervention (INT, n = 33) and control (CON, n = 31) groups. Resting BP and BP at each stage during and after a graded maximal bicycle ergometer test were measured before and after the intervention. SB, standing, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and light physical activity (LPA) were measured in six-second intervals at baseline and during the whole six-month intervention using hip-worn accelerometers. The analyses were adjusted for BP medication status. The intervention resulted in a 40 min/day reduction in SB and concomitant 20 min/day increase in MVPA. Resting systolic BP was lower in the CON group before and after the intervention. No group x time interactions were observed in resting BP or BP during exercise at submaximal or maximal intensities, or during recovery. The changes in LPA and MVPA were inversely correlated with the changes in BP during light-to-moderate intensity exercise. An intervention that resulted in a 40 min/day reduction in SB for six months was not sufficient at influencing BP at rest, during or after exercise in adults with metabolic syndrome. However, successfully increasing LPA or MVPA might lower BP during light-to-moderate-intensity activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooa Norha
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
| | - Tanja Sjöros
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Taru Garthwaite
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Saara Laine
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Maria Saarenhovi
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Petri Kallio
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Paavo Nurmi Centre and Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kirsi Laitinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Noora Houttu
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Henri Vähä-Ypyä
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Harri Sievänen
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juhani Knuuti
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Kari K Kalliokoski
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ilkka H A Heinonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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14
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Czymmek KJ, Belevich I, Bischof J, Mathur A, Collinson L, Jokitalo E. Accelerating data sharing and reuse in volume electron microscopy. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:498-503. [PMID: 38609529 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01381-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirk James Czymmek
- Advanced Bioimaging Laboratory, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ilya Belevich
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Bischof
- Euro-BioImaging ERIC Bio-Hub, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aastha Mathur
- Euro-BioImaging ERIC Bio-Hub, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucy Collinson
- Electron Microscopy Science Technology Platform, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Eija Jokitalo
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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15
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Koskuvi M, Pörsti E, Hewitt T, Räsänen N, Wu YC, Trontti K, McQuade A, Kalyanaraman S, Ojansuu I, Vaurio O, Cannon TD, Lönnqvist J, Therman S, Suvisaari J, Kaprio J, Blurton-Jones M, Hovatta I, Lähteenvuo M, Rolova T, Lehtonen Š, Tiihonen J, Koistinaho J. Genetic contribution to microglial activation in schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02529-1. [PMID: 38519640 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02529-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence indicate the involvement of neuroinflammatory processes in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). Microglia are brain resident immune cells responding toward invading pathogens and injury-related products, and additionally, have a critical role in improving neurogenesis and synaptic functions. Aberrant activation of microglia in SCZ is one of the leading hypotheses for disease pathogenesis, but due to the lack of proper human cell models, the role of microglia in SCZ is not well studied. We used monozygotic twins discordant for SCZ and healthy individuals to generate human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia to assess the transcriptional and functional differences in microglia between healthy controls, affected twins and unaffected twins. The microglia from affected twins had increased expression of several common inflammation-related genes compared to healthy individuals. Microglia from affected twins had also reduced response to interleukin 1 beta (IL1β) treatment, but no significant differences in migration or phagocytotic activity. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) showed abnormalities related to extracellular matrix signaling. RNA sequencing predicted downregulation of extracellular matrix structure constituent Gene Ontology (GO) terms and hepatic fibrosis pathway activation that were shared by microglia of both affected and unaffected twins, but the upregulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II receptors was observed only in affected twin microglia. Also, the microglia of affected twins had heterogeneous response to clozapine, minocycline, and sulforaphane treatments. Overall, despite the increased expression of inflammatory genes, we observed no clear functional signs of hyperactivation in microglia from patients with SCZ. We conclude that microglia of the patients with SCZ have gene expression aberrations related to inflammation response and extracellular matrix without contributing to increased microglial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja Koskuvi
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elina Pörsti
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tristen Hewitt
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Noora Räsänen
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ying-Chieh Wu
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kalevi Trontti
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Amanda McQuade
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Ilkka Ojansuu
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Vaurio
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tyrone D Cannon
- Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jouko Lönnqvist
- Mental Health Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sebastian Therman
- Mental Health Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Suvisaari
- Mental Health Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Iiris Hovatta
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Lähteenvuo
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Taisia Rolova
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Šárka Lehtonen
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari Tiihonen
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jari Koistinaho
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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16
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Kumari R, Ven K, Chastney M, Kokate SB, Peränen J, Aaron J, Kogan K, Almeida-Souza L, Kremneva E, Poincloux R, Chew TL, Gunning PW, Ivaska J, Lappalainen P. Focal adhesions contain three specialized actin nanoscale layers. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2547. [PMID: 38514695 PMCID: PMC10957975 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46868-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesions (FAs) connect inner workings of cell to the extracellular matrix to control cell adhesion, migration and mechanosensing. Previous studies demonstrated that FAs contain three vertical layers, which connect extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton. By using super-resolution iPALM microscopy, we identify two additional nanoscale layers within FAs, specified by actin filaments bound to tropomyosin isoforms Tpm1.6 and Tpm3.2. The Tpm1.6-actin filaments, beneath the previously identified α-actinin cross-linked actin filaments, appear critical for adhesion maturation and controlled cell motility, whereas the adjacent Tpm3.2-actin filament layer beneath seems to facilitate adhesion disassembly. Mechanistically, Tpm3.2 stabilizes ACF-7/MACF1 and KANK-family proteins at adhesions, and hence targets microtubule plus-ends to FAs to catalyse their disassembly. Tpm3.2 depletion leads to disorganized microtubule network, abnormally stable FAs, and defects in tail retraction during migration. Thus, FAs are composed of distinct actin filament layers, and each may have specific roles in coupling adhesions to the cytoskeleton, or in controlling adhesion dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Kumari
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katharina Ven
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Megan Chastney
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Shrikant B Kokate
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan Peränen
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jesse Aaron
- Advanced Imaging Center, HHMI Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, 20147, USA
| | - Konstantin Kogan
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leonardo Almeida-Souza
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elena Kremneva
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Renaud Poincloux
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Teng-Leong Chew
- Advanced Imaging Center, HHMI Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, 20147, USA
| | - Peter W Gunning
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Wallace Wurth Building, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Foundation for the Finnish Cancer Institute, Tukholmankatu 8, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Lappalainen
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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17
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Berner LT, Orndahl KM, Rose M, Tamstorf M, Arndal MF, Alexander HD, Humphreys ER, Loranty MM, Ludwig SM, Nyman J, Juutinen S, Aurela M, Happonen K, Mikola J, Mack MC, Vankoughnett MR, Iversen CM, Salmon VG, Yang D, Kumar J, Grogan P, Danby RK, Scott NA, Olofsson J, Siewert MB, Deschamps L, Lévesque E, Maire V, Morneault A, Gauthier G, Gignac C, Boudreau S, Gaspard A, Kholodov A, Bret-Harte MS, Greaves HE, Walker D, Gregory FM, Michelsen A, Kumpula T, Villoslada M, Ylänne H, Luoto M, Virtanen T, Forbes BC, Hölzel N, Epstein H, Heim RJ, Bunn A, Holmes RM, Hung JKY, Natali SM, Virkkala AM, Goetz SJ. The Arctic Plant Aboveground Biomass Synthesis Dataset. Sci Data 2024; 11:305. [PMID: 38509110 PMCID: PMC10954756 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03139-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant biomass is a fundamental ecosystem attribute that is sensitive to rapid climatic changes occurring in the Arctic. Nevertheless, measuring plant biomass in the Arctic is logistically challenging and resource intensive. Lack of accessible field data hinders efforts to understand the amount, composition, distribution, and changes in plant biomass in these northern ecosystems. Here, we present The Arctic plant aboveground biomass synthesis dataset, which includes field measurements of lichen, bryophyte, herb, shrub, and/or tree aboveground biomass (g m-2) on 2,327 sample plots from 636 field sites in seven countries. We created the synthesis dataset by assembling and harmonizing 32 individual datasets. Aboveground biomass was primarily quantified by harvesting sample plots during mid- to late-summer, though tree and often tall shrub biomass were quantified using surveys and allometric models. Each biomass measurement is associated with metadata including sample date, location, method, data source, and other information. This unique dataset can be leveraged to monitor, map, and model plant biomass across the rapidly warming Arctic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan T Berner
- School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, USA.
| | - Kathleen M Orndahl
- School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, USA
| | - Melissa Rose
- School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, USA
| | - Mikkel Tamstorf
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marie F Arndal
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Heather D Alexander
- College of Forestry, Wildlife, and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, USA
| | - Elyn R Humphreys
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Sarah M Ludwig
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, Palisades, USA
| | - Johanna Nyman
- Jeb E. Brooks School of Public Policy, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
| | - Sari Juutinen
- Climate System Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Aurela
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Juha Mikola
- Bioeconomy and Environment Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michelle C Mack
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, USA
| | | | - Colleen M Iversen
- Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA
| | - Verity G Salmon
- Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA
- Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA
| | - Dedi Yang
- Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA
| | - Paul Grogan
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Ryan K Danby
- Department of Geography and Planning, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Neal A Scott
- Department of Geography and Planning, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Johan Olofsson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Matthias B Siewert
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lucas Deschamps
- Département des sciences de l'environnement, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Esther Lévesque
- Département des sciences de l'environnement, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Vincent Maire
- Département des sciences de l'environnement, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Amélie Morneault
- Département des sciences de l'environnement, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Gilles Gauthier
- Centre d'Études Nordiques, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biology, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Charles Gignac
- Centre d'Études Nordiques, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Department of Plant Science, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Anna Gaspard
- Department of Biology, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Heather E Greaves
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, USA
| | - Donald Walker
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, USA
| | - Fiona M Gregory
- Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Anders Michelsen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Timo Kumpula
- Department of Geographical and Historical Studies, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Miguel Villoslada
- Department of Geographical and Historical Studies, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
- Institute of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Henni Ylänne
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Miska Luoto
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarmo Virtanen
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bruce C Forbes
- Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Norbert Hölzel
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Howard Epstein
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Ramona J Heim
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Bunn
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Western Washington University, Bellingham, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Scott J Goetz
- School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, USA
- Bioeconomy and Environment Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Helsinki, Finland
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18
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Strausz S, Abner E, Blacker G, Galloway S, Hansen P, Feng Q, Lee BT, Jones SE, Haapaniemi H, Raak S, Nahass GR, Sanders E, Soodla P, Võsa U, Esko T, Sinnott-Armstrong N, Weissman IL, Daly M, Aivelo T, Tal MC, Ollila HM. SCGB1D2 inhibits growth of Borrelia burgdorferi and affects susceptibility to Lyme disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2041. [PMID: 38503741 PMCID: PMC10950847 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease is a tick-borne disease caused by bacteria of the genus Borrelia. The host factors that modulate susceptibility for Lyme disease have remained mostly unknown. Using epidemiological and genetic data from FinnGen and Estonian Biobank, we identify two previously known variants and an unknown common missense variant at the gene encoding for Secretoglobin family 1D member 2 (SCGB1D2) protein that increases the susceptibility for Lyme disease. Using live Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) we find that recombinant reference SCGB1D2 protein inhibits the growth of Bb in vitro more efficiently than the recombinant protein with SCGB1D2 P53L deleterious missense variant. Finally, using an in vivo murine infection model we show that recombinant SCGB1D2 prevents infection by Borrelia in vivo. Together, these data suggest that SCGB1D2 is a host defense factor present in the skin, sweat, and other secretions which protects against Bb infection and opens an exciting therapeutic avenue for Lyme disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Strausz
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erik Abner
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Grace Blacker
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Galloway
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Paige Hansen
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Qingying Feng
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brandon T Lee
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Samuel E Jones
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hele Haapaniemi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sten Raak
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - George Ronald Nahass
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Erin Sanders
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Pilleriin Soodla
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Internal Medicine Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Urmo Võsa
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nasa Sinnott-Armstrong
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Herbold Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mark Daly
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomas Aivelo
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michal Caspi Tal
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Hanna M Ollila
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, MA, USA.
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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19
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Elliott A, Walters RK, Pirinen M, Kurki M, Junna N, Goldstein JI, Reeve MP, Siirtola H, Lemmelä SM, Turley P, Lahtela E, Mehtonen J, Reis K, Elnahas AG, Reigo A, Palta P, Esko T, Mägi R, Palotie A, Daly MJ, Widén E. Distinct and shared genetic architectures of gestational diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes. Nat Genet 2024; 56:377-382. [PMID: 38182742 PMCID: PMC10937370 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01607-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder affecting more than 16 million pregnancies annually worldwide1,2. GDM is related to an increased lifetime risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D)1-3, with over a third of women developing T2D within 15 years of their GDM diagnosis. The diseases are hypothesized to share a genetic predisposition1-7, but few studies have sought to uncover the genetic underpinnings of GDM. Most studies have evaluated the impact of T2D loci only8-10, and the three prior genome-wide association studies of GDM11-13 have identified only five loci, limiting the power to assess to what extent variants or biological pathways are specific to GDM. We conducted the largest genome-wide association study of GDM to date in 12,332 cases and 131,109 parous female controls in the FinnGen study and identified 13 GDM-associated loci, including nine new loci. Genetic features distinct from T2D were identified both at the locus and genomic scale. Our results suggest that the genetics of GDM risk falls into the following two distinct categories: one part conventional T2D polygenic risk and one part predominantly influencing mechanisms disrupted in pregnancy. Loci with GDM-predominant effects map to genes related to islet cells, central glucose homeostasis, steroidogenesis and placental expression.
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Grants
- R00 AG062787 NIA NIH HHS
- R01 MH101244 NIMH NIH HHS
- A.E. was a research Scholar supported by Sarnoff Cardiovascular Research Foundation
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging)
- The FinnGen project is funded by two grants from Business Finland (HUS 4685/31/2016 and UH 4386/31/2016) and by eleven industry partners (AbbVie Inc, AstraZeneca UK Ltd, Biogen MA Inc, Celgene Corporation, Celgene International II Sàrl, Genentech Inc, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, Pfizer Inc., GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi, Maze Therapeutics Inc., Janssen Biotech Inc).
- EstBB GWAS analysis is supported by research funding from the Estonian Research Council: Team grant PRG1291 and PRG1911.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Elliott
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raymond K Walters
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matti Pirinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mitja Kurki
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nella Junna
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jacqueline I Goldstein
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mary Pat Reeve
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Siirtola
- TAUCHI Research Center, Faculty of Information Technology and Communication Sciences (ITC), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Susanna M Lemmelä
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patrick Turley
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elisa Lahtela
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Mehtonen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kadri Reis
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Anu Reigo
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Priit Palta
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark J Daly
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Elisabeth Widén
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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20
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Tamlander M, Jermy B, Seppälä TT, Färkkilä M, Widén E, Ripatti S, Mars N. Genome-wide polygenic risk scores for colorectal cancer have implications for risk-based screening. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:651-659. [PMID: 38172535 PMCID: PMC10876651 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary factors, including single genetic variants and family history, can be used for targeting colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, but limited data exist on the impact of polygenic risk scores (PRS) on risk-based CRC screening. METHODS Using longitudinal health and genomics data on 453,733 Finnish individuals including 8801 CRC cases, we estimated the impact of a genome-wide CRC PRS on CRC screening initiation age through population-calibrated incidence estimation over the life course in men and women. RESULTS Compared to the cumulative incidence of CRC at age 60 in Finland (the current age for starting screening in Finland), a comparable cumulative incidence was reached 5 and 11 years earlier in persons with high PRS (80-99% and >99%, respectively), while those with a low PRS (< 20%) reached comparable incidence 7 years later. The PRS was associated with increased risk of post-colonoscopy CRC after negative colonoscopy (hazard ratio 1.76 per PRS SD, 95% CI 1.54-2.01). Moreover, the PRS predicted colorectal adenoma incidence and improved incident CRC risk prediction over non-genetic risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that a CRC PRS can be used for risk stratification of CRC, with further research needed to optimally integrate the PRS into risk-based screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Tamlander
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bradley Jermy
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Toni T Seppälä
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere and TAYS Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martti Färkkilä
- Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisabeth Widén
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinicum, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nina Mars
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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21
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Ollonen J, Khannoon ER, Macrì S, Vergilov V, Kuurne J, Saarikivi J, Soukainen A, Aalto IM, Werneburg I, Diaz RE, Di-Poï N. Dynamic evolutionary interplay between ontogenetic skull patterning and whole-head integration. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:536-551. [PMID: 38200368 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02295-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The arrangement and morphology of the vertebrate skull reflect functional and ecological demands, making it a highly adaptable structure. However, the fundamental developmental and macroevolutionary mechanisms leading to different vertebrate skull phenotypes remain unclear. Here we exploit the morphological diversity of squamate reptiles to assess the developmental and evolutionary patterns of skull variation and covariation in the whole head. Our geometric morphometric analysis of a complex squamate ontogenetic dataset (209 specimens, 169 embryos, 44 species), covering stages from craniofacial primordia to fully ossified bones, reveals that morphological differences between snake and lizard skulls arose gradually through changes in spatial relationships (heterotopy) followed by alterations in developmental timing or rate (heterochrony). Along with dynamic spatiotemporal changes in the integration pattern of skull bone shape and topology with surrounding brain tissues and sensory organs, we identify a relatively higher phenotypic integration of the developing snake head compared with lizards. The eye, nasal cavity and Jacobson's organ are pivotal in skull morphogenesis, highlighting the importance of sensory rearrangements in snake evolution. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate the importance of early embryonic, ontogenetic and tissue interactions in shaping craniofacial evolution and ecological diversification in squamates, with implications for the nature of cranio-cerebral relations across vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joni Ollonen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eraqi R Khannoon
- Biology Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Simone Macrì
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vladislav Vergilov
- National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jaakko Kuurne
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jarmo Saarikivi
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arttu Soukainen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ida-Maria Aalto
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ingmar Werneburg
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen, Germany
- Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Raul E Diaz
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Herpetology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicolas Di-Poï
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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22
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Sinclair JS, Welti EAR, Altermatt F, Álvarez-Cabria M, Aroviita J, Baker NJ, Barešová L, Barquín J, Bonacina L, Bonada N, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Csabai Z, de Eyto E, Dohet A, Dörflinger G, Eriksen TE, Evtimova V, Feio MJ, Ferréol M, Floury M, Forio MAE, Fornaroli R, Goethals PLM, Heino J, Hering D, Huttunen KL, Jähnig SC, Johnson RK, Kuglerová L, Kupilas B, L'Hoste L, Larrañaga A, Leitner P, Lorenz AW, McKie BG, Muotka T, Osadčaja D, Paavola R, Palinauskas V, Pařil P, Pilotto F, Polášek M, Rasmussen JJ, Schäfer RB, Schmidt-Kloiber A, Scotti A, Skuja A, Straka M, Stubbington R, Timm H, Tyufekchieva V, Tziortzis I, Vannevel R, Várbíró G, Velle G, Verdonschot RCM, Vray S, Haase P. Multi-decadal improvements in the ecological quality of European rivers are not consistently reflected in biodiversity metrics. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:430-441. [PMID: 38278985 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02305-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Humans impact terrestrial, marine and freshwater ecosystems, yet many broad-scale studies have found no systematic, negative biodiversity changes (for example, decreasing abundance or taxon richness). Here we show that mixed biodiversity responses may arise because community metrics show variable responses to anthropogenic impacts across broad spatial scales. We first quantified temporal trends in anthropogenic impacts for 1,365 riverine invertebrate communities from 23 European countries, based on similarity to least-impacted reference communities. Reference comparisons provide necessary, but often missing, baselines for evaluating whether communities are negatively impacted or have improved (less or more similar, respectively). We then determined whether changing impacts were consistently reflected in metrics of community abundance, taxon richness, evenness and composition. Invertebrate communities improved, that is, became more similar to reference conditions, from 1992 until the 2010s, after which improvements plateaued. Improvements were generally reflected by higher taxon richness, providing evidence that certain community metrics can broadly indicate anthropogenic impacts. However, richness responses were highly variable among sites, and we found no consistent responses in community abundance, evenness or composition. These findings suggest that, without sufficient data and careful metric selection, many common community metrics cannot reliably reflect anthropogenic impacts, helping explain the prevalence of mixed biodiversity trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Sinclair
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany.
| | - Ellen A R Welti
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - Florian Altermatt
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Mario Álvarez-Cabria
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Jukka Aroviita
- Freshwater and Marine Solutions, Finnish Environment Institute, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nathan J Baker
- Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - José Barquín
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Luca Bonacina
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences - DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Núria Bonada
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zoltán Csabai
- Department of Hydrobiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Tihany, Hungary
| | - Elvira de Eyto
- Fisheries Ecosystems Advisory Services, Marine Institute, Newport, Ireland
| | - Alain Dohet
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gerald Dörflinger
- Water Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Tor E Eriksen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway
| | - Vesela Evtimova
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maria J Feio
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Associated Laboratory ARNET, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Martial Ferréol
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Mathieu Floury
- Department Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Riccardo Fornaroli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences - DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter L M Goethals
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jani Heino
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Daniel Hering
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Sonja C Jähnig
- Department Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
- Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard K Johnson
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lenka Kuglerová
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Kupilas
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, Chair for Applied Landscape Ecology and Ecological Planning, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lionel L'Hoste
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Aitor Larrañaga
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Patrick Leitner
- Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Brendan G McKie
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Timo Muotka
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Diana Osadčaja
- Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Riku Paavola
- Oulanka Research Station, University of Oulu Infrastructure Platform, Kuusamo, Finland
| | | | - Petr Pařil
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Marek Polášek
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jes J Rasmussen
- NIVA Denmark (Norwegian Institute for Water Research), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Astrid Schmidt-Kloiber
- Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alberto Scotti
- Eurac Research, Institute for Alpine Environment, Bolzano/Bozen, Italy
- APEM Ltd, Stockport, UK
| | - Agnija Skuja
- Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Michal Straka
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- T.G. Masaryk Water Research Institute, p.r.i., Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rachel Stubbington
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Henn Timm
- Chair of Hydrobiology and Fishery, Centre for Limnology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Elva vald, Estonia
| | - Violeta Tyufekchieva
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iakovos Tziortzis
- Water Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Rudy Vannevel
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Flanders Environment Agency, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Gábor Várbíró
- Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gaute Velle
- LFI - The Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ralf C M Verdonschot
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Sarah Vray
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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23
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Mirzaie M, Gholizadeh E, Miettinen JJ, Ianevski F, Ruokoranta T, Saarela J, Manninen M, Miettinen S, Heckman CA, Jafari M. Designing patient-oriented combination therapies for acute myeloid leukemia based on efficacy/toxicity integration and bipartite network modeling. Oncogenesis 2024; 13:11. [PMID: 38429288 PMCID: PMC10907624 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-024-00510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a heterogeneous and aggressive blood cancer, does not respond well to single-drug therapy. A combination of drugs is required to effectively treat this disease. Computational models are critical for combination therapy discovery due to the tens of thousands of two-drug combinations, even with approved drugs. While predicting synergistic drugs is the focus of current methods, few consider drug efficacy and potential toxicity, which are crucial for treatment success. To find effective new drug candidates, we constructed a bipartite network using patient-derived tumor samples and drugs. The network is based on drug-response screening and summarizes all treatment response heterogeneity as drug response weights. This bipartite network is then projected onto the drug part, resulting in the drug similarity network. Distinct drug clusters were identified using community detection methods, each targeting different biological processes and pathways as revealed by enrichment and pathway analysis of the drugs' protein targets. Four drugs with the highest efficacy and lowest toxicity from each cluster were selected and tested for drug sensitivity using cell viability assays on various samples. Results show that ruxolitinib-ulixertinib and sapanisertib-LY3009120 are the most effective combinations with the least toxicity and the best synergistic effect on blast cells. These findings lay the foundation for personalized and successful AML therapies, ultimately leading to the development of drug combinations that can be used alongside standard first-line AML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mirzaie
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elham Gholizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juho J Miettinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Filipp Ianevski
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tanja Ruokoranta
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jani Saarela
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Susanna Miettinen
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Research Services, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Caroline A Heckman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland - FIMM, HiLIFE - Helsinki Institute of Life Science, iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Mohieddin Jafari
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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24
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Steward RA, Pruisscher P, Roberts KT, Wheat CW. Genetic constraints in genes exhibiting splicing plasticity in facultative diapause. Heredity (Edinb) 2024; 132:142-155. [PMID: 38291272 PMCID: PMC10923799 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-024-00669-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity is produced and maintained by processes regulating the transcriptome. While differential gene expression is among the most important of these processes, relatively little is known about other sources of transcriptional variation. Previous work suggests that alternative splicing plays an extensive and functionally unique role in transcriptional plasticity, though plastically spliced genes may be more constrained than the remainder of expressed genes. In this study, we explore the relationship between expression and splicing plasticity, along with the genetic diversity in those genes, in an ecologically consequential polyphenism: facultative diapause. Using 96 samples spread over two tissues and 10 timepoints, we compare the extent of differential splicing and expression between diapausing and direct developing pupae of the butterfly Pieris napi. Splicing differs strongly between diapausing and direct developing trajectories but alters a smaller and functionally unique set of genes compared to differential expression. We further test the hypothesis that among these expressed loci, plastically spliced genes are likely to experience the strongest purifying selection to maintain seasonally plastic phenotypes. Genes with unique transcriptional changes through diapause consistently had the lowest nucleotide diversity, and this effect was consistently stronger among genes that were differentially spliced compared to those with just differential expression through diapause. Further, the strength of negative selection was higher in the population expressing diapause every generation. Our results suggest that maintenance of the molecular mechanisms involved in diapause progression, including post-transcriptional modifications, are highly conserved and likely to experience genetic constraints, especially in northern populations of P. napi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Steward
- Zoology Department, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Biology Department, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Peter Pruisscher
- Zoology Department, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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25
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Kukko V, Kaipia A, Talala K, Taari K, Tammela TLJ, Auvinen A, Murtola TJ. Allopurinol and prostate cancer survival in a Finnish population-based cohort. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2024; 27:73-80. [PMID: 36131010 PMCID: PMC10876474 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-022-00597-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allopurinol is gout medication that inhibits uric acid formation. Its possible anti-carcinogenic properties have been under research in past years. Studies based on Taiwanese registries showed that long term allopurinol use might reduce prostate cancer (PCa) incidence. However, our studies based on Finnish registries did not support those findings. In this study, we evaluate whether allopurinol use is associated with prostate cancer-specific survival (CSS) or overall survival (OS) in a Finnish population-based cohort. METHODS The study cohort was originally enrolled for the Finnish Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (FinRSPC). We included all newly diagnosed PCa cases during 1996-2015, 9252 men in total. Information on allopurinol purchases was from the national prescription registry of the Social Insurance Institution of Finland. Information about deaths, treatments, and use of other medications was obtained from registries, and tumor stage and PSA at diagnosis from medical records. Follow-up started at diagnosis, and we analysed separately two endpoints: PCa-specific death and overall death. We used an extended Cox regression with adjustment for age at diagnosis, Charlson comorbidity index, FinRSPC trial arm, use of other drugs and EAU PCa risk group. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 9.86 years, 2942 deaths occurred, including 883 from PCa. There was no difference in CSS between allopurinol user and non-users, but allopurinol users had lower OS (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio 1.77; 95% CI: 1.57-2.00). However, this decrease in OS was mitigated along with increasing intensity of allopurinol use. CONCLUSIONS We found no marked difference in CSS by allopurinol use. Allopurinol users had lower OS but there were no significant differences by duration or intensity of allopurinol use. Allopurinol use may not have anticancer effects against prostate cancer; instead, it may be a surrogate for metabolic problems causing shorter OS among men with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ville Kukko
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Antti Kaipia
- Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Kimmo Taari
- Department of Urology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teuvo L J Tammela
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anssi Auvinen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teemu J Murtola
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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26
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Holm M, Suokas K, Liukko E, Lindgren M, Näätänen P, Kärkkäinen J, Salokangas RKR, Suvisaari J. Enhancing identification of nonaffective psychosis in register-based studies. Schizophrenia (Heidelb) 2024; 10:20. [PMID: 38374191 PMCID: PMC10876989 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-024-00444-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The Finnish Quality of Psychosis Care Register assesses nonaffective psychosis (NAP) care, acknowledging treatment outside specialized psychiatric services. This approach, while providing a holistic view, raises concerns about diagnostic inaccuracies. Here, we studied situations where the register-based diagnosis might be inaccurate, and whether the first episode can be reliably identified using a 14-year wash-out period. People with first register-based NAP (ICD-10 F20-F29) between years 2010 and 2018 and without NAP diagnoses in 1996-2009 were identified from the Care Register for Health Care. A diagnosis of NAP was deemed unreliable before age 7, when dementia preceded NAP diagnosis, and when a NAP diagnosis had been assigned at admission or during psychiatric hospitalization but was not confirmed by discharge diagnosis. Despite a 14-year follow-back the first register diagnosis may miss the first treatment episode in older patients. Register-based studies on psychotic disorders should pay attention to exclusion criteria and to the definition of treatment onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Holm
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Equality Unit, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Kimmo Suokas
- Finnish Psychiatric Association, Helsinki, Finland
- Tampere University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emmi Liukko
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Data and Analytics Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maija Lindgren
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Equality Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petri Näätänen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Kärkkäinen
- County of Satakunta, Psychiatry of Wellbeing services, Satakunta, Finland
| | | | - Jaana Suvisaari
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Equality Unit, Helsinki, Finland
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27
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Fan X, Sun AR, Young RSE, Afara IO, Hamilton BR, Ong LJY, Crawford R, Prasadam I. Spatial analysis of the osteoarthritis microenvironment: techniques, insights, and applications. Bone Res 2024; 12:7. [PMID: 38311627 PMCID: PMC10838951 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00304-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating degenerative disease affecting multiple joint tissues, including cartilage, bone, synovium, and adipose tissues. OA presents diverse clinical phenotypes and distinct molecular endotypes, including inflammatory, metabolic, mechanical, genetic, and synovial variants. Consequently, innovative technologies are needed to support the development of effective diagnostic and precision therapeutic approaches. Traditional analysis of bulk OA tissue extracts has limitations due to technical constraints, causing challenges in the differentiation between various physiological and pathological phenotypes in joint tissues. This issue has led to standardization difficulties and hindered the success of clinical trials. Gaining insights into the spatial variations of the cellular and molecular structures in OA tissues, encompassing DNA, RNA, metabolites, and proteins, as well as their chemical properties, elemental composition, and mechanical attributes, can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the disease subtypes. Spatially resolved biology enables biologists to investigate cells within the context of their tissue microenvironment, providing a more holistic view of cellular function. Recent advances in innovative spatial biology techniques now allow intact tissue sections to be examined using various -omics lenses, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, with spatial data. This fusion of approaches provides researchers with critical insights into the molecular composition and functions of the cells and tissues at precise spatial coordinates. Furthermore, advanced imaging techniques, including high-resolution microscopy, hyperspectral imaging, and mass spectrometry imaging, enable the visualization and analysis of the spatial distribution of biomolecules, cells, and tissues. Linking these molecular imaging outputs to conventional tissue histology can facilitate a more comprehensive characterization of disease phenotypes. This review summarizes the recent advancements in the molecular imaging modalities and methodologies for in-depth spatial analysis. It explores their applications, challenges, and potential opportunities in the field of OA. Additionally, this review provides a perspective on the potential research directions for these contemporary approaches that can meet the requirements of clinical diagnoses and the establishment of therapeutic targets for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Fan
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical & Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Antonia Rujia Sun
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical & Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Reuben S E Young
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Isaac O Afara
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Brett R Hamilton
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Louis Jun Ye Ong
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical & Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ross Crawford
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Indira Prasadam
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- School of Mechanical, Medical & Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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28
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Villeneuve C, Hashmi A, Ylivinkka I, Lawson-Keister E, Miroshnikova YA, Pérez-González C, Myllymäki SM, Bertillot F, Yadav B, Zhang T, Matic Vignjevic D, Mikkola ML, Manning ML, Wickström SA. Mechanical forces across compartments coordinate cell shape and fate transitions to generate tissue architecture. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:207-218. [PMID: 38302719 PMCID: PMC10866703 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01332-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Morphogenesis and cell state transitions must be coordinated in time and space to produce a functional tissue. An excellent paradigm to understand the coupling of these processes is mammalian hair follicle development, which is initiated by the formation of an epithelial invagination-termed placode-that coincides with the emergence of a designated hair follicle stem cell population. The mechanisms directing the deformation of the epithelium, cell state transitions and physical compartmentalization of the placode are unknown. Here we identify a key role for coordinated mechanical forces stemming from contractile, proliferative and proteolytic activities across the epithelial and mesenchymal compartments in generating the placode structure. A ring of fibroblast cells gradually wraps around the placode cells to generate centripetal contractile forces, which, in collaboration with polarized epithelial myosin activity, promote elongation and local tissue thickening. These mechanical stresses further enhance compartmentalization of Sox9 expression to promote stem cell positioning. Subsequently, proteolytic remodelling locally softens the basement membrane to facilitate a release of pressure on the placode, enabling localized cell divisions, tissue fluidification and epithelial invagination into the underlying mesenchyme. Together, our experiments and modelling identify dynamic cell shape transformations and tissue-scale mechanical cooperation as key factors for orchestrating organ formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Villeneuve
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Cell and Tissue Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Ali Hashmi
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Irene Ylivinkka
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Yekaterina A Miroshnikova
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carlos Pérez-González
- Cell Biology and Cancer Unit, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Satu-Marja Myllymäki
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fabien Bertillot
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Cell and Tissue Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Bhagwan Yadav
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Marja L Mikkola
- Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Lisa Manning
- Department of Physics and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
| | - Sara A Wickström
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Cell and Tissue Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany.
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Koistinen VM, Haldar S, Tuomainen M, Lehtonen M, Klåvus A, Draper J, Lloyd A, Beckmann M, Bal W, Ross AB, Brandt K, Fawcett L, Seal C, Hanhineva K. Metabolic changes in response to varying whole-grain wheat and rye intake. NPJ Sci Food 2024; 8:8. [PMID: 38291073 PMCID: PMC10828387 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown associations between whole-grain intake and lowered disease risk. A sufficient level of whole-grain intake to reach the health benefits has not been established, and there is limited knowledge about the impact of whole-grain intake on metabolite levels. In this clinical intervention study, we aimed to identify plasma and urine metabolites associated with two different intake levels of whole-grain wheat and rye and to correlate them with clinical plasma biomarkers. Healthy volunteers (N = 68) were divided into two groups receiving either whole-grain wheat or whole-grain rye in two four-week interventions with 48 and 96 g/d of whole grains consumed. The metabolomics of the plasma samples was performed with UPLC-QTOF-MS. Plasma alkylresorcinols were quantified with GC-MS and plasma and urinary mammalian lignans with HPLC-ECD. The high-dose intervention impacted the metabolite profile, including microbial metabolites, more in the rye-enriched diet compared with wheat. Among the increased metabolites were alkylresorcinol glucuronides, sinapyl alcohol, and pipecolic acid betaine, while the decreased metabolites included acylcarnitines and ether lipids. Plasma alkylresorcinols, urinary enterolactone, and total mammalian lignans reflected the study diets in a dose-dependent manner. Several key metabolites linked with whole-grain consumption and gut microbial metabolism increased in a linear manner between the two interventions. The results reveal that an increase in whole-grain intake, particularly rye, is strongly reflected in the metabolite profile, is correlated with clinical variables, and suggests that a diet rich in whole grains promotes the growth and/or metabolism of microbes producing potentially beneficial microbial metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ville M Koistinen
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Sumanto Haldar
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovations (SIFBI), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Marjo Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anton Klåvus
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - John Draper
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK
| | - Amanda Lloyd
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK
| | - Manfred Beckmann
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK
| | - Wendy Bal
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Kirsten Brandt
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lee Fawcett
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Chris Seal
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Food and Nutrition Science Division, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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30
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Fuchs JM, Husmann K, Schick J, Albert M, Lintunen J, Paul C. Severe and frequent extreme weather events undermine economic adaptation gains of tree-species diversification. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2140. [PMID: 38272940 PMCID: PMC10810831 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52290-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Forests and their provision of ecosystem services are endangered by climate change. Tree-species diversification has been identified as a key adaptation strategy to balance economic risks and returns in forest stands. Yet, whether this synergy between ecology and economics persists under large-scale extreme weather events remains unanswered. Our model accounts for both, small-scale disturbances in individual stands and extreme weather events that cause spatio-temporally correlated disturbances in a large number of neighboring stands. It economically optimizes stand-type allocations in a large forest enterprise with multiple planning units. Novel components are: spatially explicit site heterogeneity and a comparison of economic diversification strategies under local and regionally coordinated planning by simplified measures for [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]-diversity of stand types. [Formula: see text]-diversity refers to the number and evenness of stand types in local planning units, [Formula: see text]-diversity to the dissimilarity of the species composition across planning units, and [Formula: see text]-diversity to the number and evenness of stand types in the entire enterprise. Local planning led to stand-type diversification within planning units ([Formula: see text]-diversity), while regionally coordinated planning led to diversification across planning units ([Formula: see text]-diversity). We observed a trend towards homogenization of stand-type composition likely selected under economic objectives with increasing extreme weather events. No diversification strategy fully buffered the adverse economic consequences. This led to fatalistic decisions, i.e., selecting stand types with low investment risks but also low resistance to disturbances. The resulting forest structures indicate potential adverse consequences for other ecosystem services. We conclude that high tree-species diversity may not necessarily buffer economic consequences of extreme weather events. Forest policies reducing forest owners' investment risks are needed to establish stable forests that provide multiple ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper M Fuchs
- Department of Forest Economics and Sustainable Land-Use Planning, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Kai Husmann
- Department of Forest Economics and Sustainable Land-Use Planning, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan Schick
- Department of Forest Growth, Northwest German Forest Research Institute, Grätzelstraße 2, 37079, Göttingen, Germany
- Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 5, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Albert
- Department of Forest Growth, Northwest German Forest Research Institute, Grätzelstraße 2, 37079, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jussi Lintunen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carola Paul
- Department of Forest Economics and Sustainable Land-Use Planning, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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31
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Afonin AM, Piironen AK, de Sousa Maciel I, Ivanova M, Alatalo A, Whipp AM, Pulkkinen L, Rose RJ, van Kamp I, Kaprio J, Kanninen KM. Proteomic insights into mental health status: plasma markers in young adults. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:55. [PMID: 38267423 PMCID: PMC10808121 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02751-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Global emphasis on enhancing prevention and treatment strategies necessitates an increased understanding of the biological mechanisms of psychopathology. Plasma proteomics is a powerful tool that has been applied in the context of specific mental disorders for biomarker identification. The p-factor, also known as the "general psychopathology factor", is a concept in psychopathology suggesting that there is a common underlying factor that contributes to the development of various forms of mental disorders. It has been proposed that the p-factor can be used to understand the overall mental health status of an individual. Here, we aimed to discover plasma proteins associated with the p-factor in 775 young adults in the FinnTwin12 cohort. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, 13 proteins with a significant connection with the p-factor were identified, 8 of which were linked to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. This exploratory study provides new insight into biological alterations associated with mental health status in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey M Afonin
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aino-Kaisa Piironen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Izaque de Sousa Maciel
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mariia Ivanova
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arto Alatalo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alyce M Whipp
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lea Pulkkinen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Richard J Rose
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Irene van Kamp
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katja M Kanninen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
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32
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Ismaeel A, Tai APK, Santos EG, Maraia H, Aalto I, Altman J, Doležal J, Lembrechts JJ, Camargo JL, Aalto J, Sam K, Avelino do Nascimento LC, Kopecký M, Svátek M, Nunes MH, Matula R, Plichta R, Abera T, Maeda EE. Patterns of tropical forest understory temperatures. Nat Commun 2024; 15:549. [PMID: 38263406 PMCID: PMC10805846 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Temperature is a fundamental driver of species distribution and ecosystem functioning. Yet, our knowledge of the microclimatic conditions experienced by organisms inside tropical forests remains limited. This is because ecological studies often rely on coarse-gridded temperature estimates representing the conditions at 2 m height in an open-air environment (i.e., macroclimate). In this study, we present a high-resolution pantropical estimate of near-ground (15 cm above the surface) temperatures inside forests. We quantify diurnal and seasonal variability, thus revealing both spatial and temporal microclimate patterns. We find that on average, understory near-ground temperatures are 1.6 °C cooler than the open-air temperatures. The diurnal temperature range is on average 1.7 °C lower inside the forests, in comparison to open-air conditions. More importantly, we demonstrate a substantial spatial variability in the microclimate characteristics of tropical forests. This variability is regulated by a combination of large-scale climate conditions, vegetation structure and topography, and hence could not be captured by existing macroclimate grids. Our results thus contribute to quantifying the actual thermal ranges experienced by organisms inside tropical forests and provide new insights into how these limits may be affected by climate change and ecosystem disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ismaeel
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amos P K Tai
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, and Institute of Environment, Energy and Sustainability, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Erone Ghizoni Santos
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 68, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heveakore Maraia
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Branisovska 31, CZ 370 05, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, CZ 370 05, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Iris Aalto
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 68, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP, UK
| | - Jan Altman
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-16521, Praha 6-Suchdol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Doležal
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, CZ 370 05, České Budějovice, Czechia
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Jonas J Lembrechts
- Research Group Plants and Ecosystems, University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - José Luís Camargo
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragment Project (BDFFP) - National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), CP 478, 69067-375, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Juha Aalto
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 68, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kateřina Sam
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Branisovska 31, CZ 370 05, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, CZ 370 05, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | | | - Martin Kopecký
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-16521, Praha 6-Suchdol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Svátek
- Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocoenology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 61300, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Matheus Henrique Nunes
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 68, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Radim Matula
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-16521, Praha 6-Suchdol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Plichta
- Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocoenology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 61300, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Temesgen Abera
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 68, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Environmental Informatics, Faculty of Geography, Philipps Universität-Marburg, Deutschhausstrasse, 12, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Eduardo Eiji Maeda
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 68, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101, Helsinki, Finland.
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Smyrlaki I, Fördős F, Rocamonde-Lago I, Wang Y, Shen B, Lentini A, Luca VC, Reinius B, Teixeira AI, Högberg B. Soluble and multivalent Jag1 DNA origami nanopatterns activate Notch without pulling force. Nat Commun 2024; 15:465. [PMID: 38238313 PMCID: PMC10796381 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway has fundamental roles in embryonic development and in the nervous system. The current model of receptor activation involves initiation via a force-induced conformational change. Here, we define conditions that reveal pulling force-independent Notch activation using soluble multivalent constructs. We treat neuroepithelial stem-like cells with molecularly precise ligand nanopatterns displayed from solution using DNA origami. Notch signaling follows with clusters of Jag1, and with chimeric structures where most Jag1 proteins are replaced by other binders not targeting Notch. Our data rule out several confounding factors and suggest a model where Jag1 activates Notch upon prolonged binding without appearing to need a pulling force. These findings reveal a distinct mode of activation of Notch and lay the foundation for the development of soluble agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Smyrlaki
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ferenc Fördős
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iris Rocamonde-Lago
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boxuan Shen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Alto, Finland
| | - Antonio Lentini
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vincent C Luca
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Björn Reinius
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana I Teixeira
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Högberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Sahin H, Solomon AA, Aghahosseini A, Breyer C. Systemwide energy return on investment in a sustainable transition towards net zero power systems. Nat Commun 2024; 15:208. [PMID: 38172508 PMCID: PMC10764355 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44232-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The Glasgow Climate Pact articulated the vital importance of renewables in reducing emissions on the way to net-zero pledges. During the power sector transition, foreseeing conditions affecting the plausibility of pathway options is crucial for specifying an optimal system development strategy. This study examines the net energy performance of nine decarbonisation global energy transition scenarios until 2050 by applying a newly developed systemwide energy return on investment (EROI) model. All scenarios result in an EROI value above the upper limit of the net energy cliff, expected to be around 10. EROI trends heavily depend on transition paths. Once achieving higher renewable energy shares begin requiring significant enabling technologies, EROI continually declines as the shares increase. Shortening the transition period leads to a sharper declining of EROI, which stabilises after achieving 100% renewables. The vulnerability arising from natural gas and oil depletions may have worst impact on EROI of fossil fuels dominated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasret Sahin
- School of Energy Systems, LUT University, Yliopistonkatu 34, 53850, Lappeenranta, Finland.
| | - A A Solomon
- School of Energy Systems, LUT University, Yliopistonkatu 34, 53850, Lappeenranta, Finland.
| | - Arman Aghahosseini
- School of Energy Systems, LUT University, Yliopistonkatu 34, 53850, Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Christian Breyer
- School of Energy Systems, LUT University, Yliopistonkatu 34, 53850, Lappeenranta, Finland
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35
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Najumudeen AK, Fey SK, Millett LM, Ford CA, Gilroy K, Gunduz N, Ridgway RA, Anderson E, Strathdee D, Clark W, Nixon C, Morton JP, Campbell AD, Sansom OJ. KRAS allelic imbalance drives tumour initiation yet suppresses metastasis in colorectal cancer in vivo. Nat Commun 2024; 15:100. [PMID: 38168062 PMCID: PMC10762264 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic KRAS mutations are well-described functionally and are known to drive tumorigenesis. Recent reports describe a significant prevalence of KRAS allelic imbalances or gene dosage changes in human cancers, including loss of the wild-type allele in KRAS mutant cancers. However, the role of wild-type KRAS in tumorigenesis and therapeutic response remains elusive. We report an in vivo murine model of colorectal cancer featuring deletion of wild-type Kras in the context of oncogenic Kras. Deletion of wild-type Kras exacerbates oncogenic KRAS signalling through MAPK and thus drives tumour initiation. Absence of wild-type Kras potentiates the oncogenic effect of KRASG12D, while incidentally inducing sensitivity to inhibition of MEK1/2. Importantly, loss of the wild-type allele in aggressive models of KRASG12D-driven CRC significantly alters tumour progression, and suppresses metastasis through modulation of the immune microenvironment. This study highlights the critical role for wild-type Kras upon tumour initiation, progression and therapeutic response in Kras mutant CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafath K Najumudeen
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK.
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Sigrid K Fey
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Laura M Millett
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Nuray Gunduz
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Eve Anderson
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Owen J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK.
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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Vasilescu C, Colpan M, Ojala TH, Manninen T, Mutka A, Ylänen K, Rahkonen O, Poutanen T, Martelius L, Kumari R, Hinterding H, Brilhante V, Ojanen S, Lappalainen P, Koskenvuo J, Carroll CJ, Fowler VM, Gregorio CC, Suomalainen A. Recessive TMOD1 mutation causes childhood cardiomyopathy. Commun Biol 2024; 7:7. [PMID: 38168645 PMCID: PMC10761686 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Familial cardiomyopathy in pediatric stages is a poorly understood presentation of heart disease in children that is attributed to pathogenic mutations. Through exome sequencing, we report a homozygous variant in tropomodulin 1 (TMOD1; c.565C>T, p.R189W) in three individuals from two unrelated families with childhood-onset dilated and restrictive cardiomyopathy. To decipher the mechanism of pathogenicity of the R189W mutation in TMOD1, we utilized a wide array of methods, including protein analyses, biochemistry and cultured cardiomyocytes. Structural modeling revealed potential defects in the local folding of TMOD1R189W and its affinity for actin. Cardiomyocytes expressing GFP-TMOD1R189W demonstrated longer thin filaments than GFP-TMOD1wt-expressing cells, resulting in compromised filament length regulation. Furthermore, TMOD1R189W showed weakened activity in capping actin filament pointed ends, providing direct evidence for the variant's effect on actin filament length regulation. Our data indicate that the p.R189W variant in TMOD1 has altered biochemical properties and reveals a unique mechanism for childhood-onset cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Vasilescu
- Research Programs Unit, Stem Cells and Metabolism, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mert Colpan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Tiina H Ojala
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Manninen
- Research Programs Unit, Stem Cells and Metabolism, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aino Mutka
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Ylänen
- Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and University Hospital, 33521, Tampere, Finland
| | - Otto Rahkonen
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuija Poutanen
- Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and University Hospital, 33521, Tampere, Finland
| | - Laura Martelius
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reena Kumari
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helena Hinterding
- Research Programs Unit, Stem Cells and Metabolism, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Virginia Brilhante
- Research Programs Unit, Stem Cells and Metabolism, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Simo Ojanen
- Research Programs Unit, Stem Cells and Metabolism, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Lappalainen
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Christopher J Carroll
- Research Programs Unit, Stem Cells and Metabolism, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Velia M Fowler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19711, USA
| | - Carol C Gregorio
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Anu Suomalainen
- Research Programs Unit, Stem Cells and Metabolism, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.
- HUSlab, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.
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37
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Chen Y, He L, Ianevski A, Ayuda-Durán P, Potdar S, Saarela J, Miettinen JJ, Kytölä S, Miettinen S, Manninen M, Heckman CA, Enserink JM, Wennerberg K, Aittokallio T. Robust scoring of selective drug responses for patient-tailored therapy selection. Nat Protoc 2024; 19:60-82. [PMID: 37996540 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-023-00903-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Most patients with advanced malignancies are treated with severely toxic, first-line chemotherapies. Personalized treatment strategies have led to improved patient outcomes and could replace one-size-fits-all therapies, yet they need to be tailored by testing of a range of targeted drugs in primary patient cells. Most functional precision medicine studies use simple drug-response metrics, which cannot quantify the selective effects of drugs (i.e., the differential responses of cancer cells and normal cells). We developed a computational method for selective drug-sensitivity scoring (DSS), which enables normalization of the individual patient's responses against normal cell responses. The selective response scoring uses the inhibition of noncancerous cells as a proxy for potential drug toxicity, which can in turn be used to identify effective and safer treatment options. Here, we explain how to apply the selective DSS calculation for guiding precision medicine in patients with leukemia treated across three cancer centers in Europe and the USA; the generic methods are also widely applicable to other malignancies that are amenable to drug testing. The open-source and extendable R-codes provide a robust means to tailor personalized treatment strategies on the basis of increasingly available ex vivo drug-testing data from patients in real-world and clinical trial settings. We also make available drug-response profiles to 527 anticancer compounds tested in 10 healthy bone marrow samples as reference data for selective scoring and de-prioritization of drugs that show broadly toxic effects. The procedure takes <60 min and requires basic skills in R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjia Chen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liye He
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aleksandr Ianevski
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pilar Ayuda-Durán
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Swapnil Potdar
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jani Saarela
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juho J Miettinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Kytölä
- Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susanna Miettinen
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Caroline A Heckman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jorrit M Enserink
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Krister Wennerberg
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tero Aittokallio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology (OCBE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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38
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Sandström V. Systems perspective reveals interconnections in nitrogen and phosphorus flows. Nat Food 2024; 5:11-12. [PMID: 38168781 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00894-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Vilma Sandström
- Water and Development Research Group, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
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39
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Pennacchietti F, Alvelid J, Morales RA, Damenti M, Ollech D, Oliinyk OS, Shcherbakova DM, Villablanca EJ, Verkhusha VV, Testa I. Blue-shift photoconversion of near-infrared fluorescent proteins for labeling and tracking in living cells and organisms. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8402. [PMID: 38114484 PMCID: PMC10730883 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Photolabeling of intracellular molecules is an invaluable approach to studying various dynamic processes in living cells with high spatiotemporal precision. Among fluorescent proteins, photoconvertible mechanisms and their products are in the visible spectrum (400-650 nm), limiting their in vivo and multiplexed applications. Here we report the phenomenon of near-infrared to far-red photoconversion in the miRFP family of near infrared fluorescent proteins engineered from bacterial phytochromes. This photoconversion is induced by near-infrared light through a non-linear process, further allowing optical sectioning. Photoconverted miRFP species emit fluorescence at 650 nm enabling photolabeling entirely performed in the near-infrared range. We use miRFPs as photoconvertible fluorescent probes to track organelles in live cells and in vivo, both with conventional and super-resolution microscopy. The spectral properties of miRFPs complement those of GFP-like photoconvertible proteins, allowing strategies for photoconversion and spectral multiplexed applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pennacchietti
- Department of Applied Physics and SciLifeLab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 17165, Sweden.
| | - Jonatan Alvelid
- Department of Applied Physics and SciLifeLab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 17165, Sweden
| | - Rodrigo A Morales
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, 17176, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMM), Stockholm, 17176, Sweden
| | - Martina Damenti
- Department of Applied Physics and SciLifeLab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 17165, Sweden
| | - Dirk Ollech
- Department of Applied Physics and SciLifeLab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 17165, Sweden
| | | | - Daria M Shcherbakova
- Department of Genetics, and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Eduardo J Villablanca
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, 17176, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMM), Stockholm, 17176, Sweden
| | - Vladislav V Verkhusha
- Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00290, Finland
- Department of Genetics, and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Ilaria Testa
- Department of Applied Physics and SciLifeLab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 17165, Sweden.
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40
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Annala E, Gorda T, Hirvonen J, Komoltsev O, Kurkela A, Nättilä J, Vuorinen A. Strongly interacting matter exhibits deconfined behavior in massive neutron stars. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8451. [PMID: 38114461 PMCID: PMC10730725 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44051-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutron-star cores contain matter at the highest densities in our Universe. This highly compressed matter may undergo a phase transition where nuclear matter melts into deconfined quark matter, liberating its constituent quarks and gluons. Quark matter exhibits an approximate conformal symmetry, predicting a specific form for its equation of state (EoS), but it is currently unknown whether the transition takes place inside at least some physical neutron stars. Here, we quantify this likelihood by combining information from astrophysical observations and theoretical calculations. Using Bayesian inference, we demonstrate that in the cores of maximally massive stars, the EoS is consistent with quark matter. We do this by establishing approximate conformal symmetry restoration with high credence at the highest densities probed and demonstrating that the number of active degrees of freedom is consistent with deconfined matter. The remaining likelihood is observed to correspond to EoSs exhibiting phase-transition-like behavior, treated as arbitrarily rapid crossovers in our framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eemeli Annala
- Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tyler Gorda
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Department of Physics, 64289, Darmstadt, Germany.
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Joonas Hirvonen
- Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Oleg Komoltsev
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, 4036, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Aleksi Kurkela
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, 4036, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Joonas Nättilä
- Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
- Physics Department and Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
| | - Aleksi Vuorinen
- Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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41
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Nunes MH, Vaz MC, Camargo JLC, Laurance WF, de Andrade A, Vicentini A, Laurance S, Raumonen P, Jackson T, Zuquim G, Wu J, Peñuelas J, Chave J, Maeda EE. Edge effects on tree architecture exacerbate biomass loss of fragmented Amazonian forests. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8129. [PMID: 38097604 PMCID: PMC10721830 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Habitat fragmentation could potentially affect tree architecture and allometry. Here, we use ground surveys of terrestrial LiDAR in Central Amazonia to explore the influence of forest edge effects on tree architecture and allometry, as well as forest biomass, 40 years after fragmentation. We find that young trees colonising the forest fragments have thicker branches and architectural traits that optimise for light capture, which result in 50% more woody volume than their counterparts of similar stem size and height in the forest interior. However, we observe a disproportionately lower height in some large trees, leading to a 30% decline in their woody volume. Despite the substantial wood production of colonising trees, the lower height of some large trees has resulted in a net loss of 6.0 Mg ha-1 of aboveground biomass - representing 2.3% of the aboveground biomass of edge forests. Our findings indicate a strong influence of edge effects on tree architecture and allometry, and uncover an overlooked factor that likely exacerbates carbon losses in fragmented forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Henrique Nunes
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
| | - Marcel Caritá Vaz
- Institute for Environmental Science and Sustainabilty, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, PA, USA
| | - José Luís Campana Camargo
- Ecology Graduate Program, National Institute for Amazonian Research, (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP) at National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
| | - William F Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ana de Andrade
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP) at National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Alberto Vicentini
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP) at National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | - Susan Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pasi Raumonen
- Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Toby Jackson
- Plant Sciences and Conservation Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriela Zuquim
- Amazon Research Team, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jin Wu
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Climate and Carbon Neutrality, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jérôme Chave
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS, UPS, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Eduardo Eiji Maeda
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, FMI, Helsinki, Finland.
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42
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Ghazaryan G, van Vliet M, Lammi L, Lindh-Knuutila T, Kivisaari S, Hultén A, Salmelin R. Cortical time-course of evidence accumulation during semantic processing. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1242. [PMID: 38066098 PMCID: PMC10709650 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the surrounding world and communication with other people are tied to mental representations of concepts. In order for the brain to recognize an object, it must determine which concept to access based on information available from sensory inputs. In this study, we combine magnetoencephalography and machine learning to investigate how concepts are represented and accessed in the brain over time. Using brain responses from a silent picture naming task, we track the dynamics of visual and semantic information processing, and show that the brain gradually accumulates information on different levels before eventually reaching a plateau. The timing of this plateau point varies across individuals and feature models, indicating notable temporal variation in visual object recognition and semantic processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayane Ghazaryan
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland.
| | - Marijn van Vliet
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Lotta Lammi
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Tiina Lindh-Knuutila
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Sasa Kivisaari
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Annika Hultén
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
- Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Riitta Salmelin
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
- Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
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43
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Maldonado H, Savage BD, Barker HR, May U, Vähätupa M, Badiani RK, Wolanska KI, Turner CMJ, Pemmari T, Ketomäki T, Prince S, Humphries MJ, Ruoslahti E, Morgan MR, Järvinen TAH. Systemically administered wound-homing peptide accelerates wound healing by modulating syndecan-4 function. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8069. [PMID: 38057316 PMCID: PMC10700342 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43848-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
CAR (CARSKNKDC) is a wound-homing peptide that recognises angiogenic neovessels. Here we discover that systemically administered CAR peptide has inherent ability to promote wound healing: wounds close and re-epithelialise faster in CAR-treated male mice. CAR promotes keratinocyte migration in vitro. The heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-4 regulates cell migration and is crucial for wound healing. We report that syndecan-4 expression is restricted to epidermis and blood vessels in mice skin wounds. Syndecan-4 regulates binding and internalisation of CAR peptide and CAR-mediated cytoskeletal remodelling. CAR induces syndecan-4-dependent activation of the small GTPase ARF6, via the guanine nucleotide exchange factor cytohesin-2, and promotes syndecan-4-, ARF6- and Cytohesin-2-mediated keratinocyte migration. Finally, we show that genetic ablation of syndecan-4 in male mice eliminates CAR-induced wound re-epithelialisation following systemic administration. We propose that CAR peptide activates syndecan-4 functions to selectively promote re-epithelialisation. Thus, CAR peptide provides a therapeutic approach to enhance wound healing in mice; systemic, yet target organ- and cell-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Maldonado
- Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Bryan D Savage
- Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Harlan R Barker
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University & Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ulrike May
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University & Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Maria Vähätupa
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University & Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Rahul K Badiani
- Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Katarzyna I Wolanska
- Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Craig M J Turner
- Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Toini Pemmari
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University & Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tuomo Ketomäki
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University & Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Stuart Prince
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University & Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Erkki Ruoslahti
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA and Center for Nanomedicine, University of California (UCSB), Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Mark R Morgan
- Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Tero A H Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University & Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA and Center for Nanomedicine, University of California (UCSB), Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
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44
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Zhao B, Shi X, Khakalo S, Meng Y, Miettinen A, Turpeinen T, Mi S, Sun Z, Khakalo A, Rojas OJ, Mattos BD. Wood-based superblack. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7875. [PMID: 38052773 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Light is a powerful and sustainable resource, but it can be detrimental to the performance and longevity of optical devices. Materials with near-zero light reflectance, i.e. superblack materials, are sought to improve the performance of several light-centered technologies. Here we report a simple top-down strategy, guided by computational methods, to develop robust superblack materials following metal-free wood delignification and carbonization (1500 °C). Subwavelength severed cells evolve under shrinkage stresses, yielding vertically aligned carbon microfiber arrays with a thickness of ~100 µm and light reflectance as low as 0.36% and independent of the incidence angle. The formation of such structures is rationalized based on delignification method, lignin content, carbonization temperature and wood density. Moreover, our measurements indicate a laser beam reflectivity lower than commercial light stoppers in current use. Overall, the wood-based superblack material is introduced as a mechanically robust surrogate for microfabricated carbon nanotube arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-02150, Finland
| | - Xuetong Shi
- Bioproduct Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sergei Khakalo
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-02150, Finland
- Integrated Computational Materials Engineering, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, FI-02044, Finland
| | - Yang Meng
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Arttu Miettinen
- Department of Physics, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Tuomas Turpeinen
- Fiber Web Processes, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Jyväskylä, FI-40400, Finland
| | - Shuyi Mi
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-02150, Finland
| | - Zhipei Sun
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-02150, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-02150, Finland
| | - Alexey Khakalo
- Cellulose Coatings and Films, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, FI-02044, Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-02150, Finland.
- Bioproduct Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Bruno D Mattos
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-02150, Finland.
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45
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Meinander O, Kouznetsov R, Uppstu A, Sofiev M, Kaakinen A, Salminen J, Rontu L, Welti A, Francis D, Piedehierro AA, Heikkilä P, Heikkinen E, Laaksonen A. African dust transport and deposition modelling verified through a citizen science campaign in Finland. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21379. [PMID: 38049489 PMCID: PMC10695925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46321-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
African desert dust is emitted and long-range transported with multiple effects on climate, air quality, cryosphere, and ecosystems. On 21-23 February 2021, dust from a sand and dust storm in northern Africa was transported to Finland, north of 60°N. The episode was predicted 5 days in advance by the global operational SILAM forecast, and its key features were confirmed and detailed by a retrospective analysis. The scavenging of dust by snowfall and freezing rain in Finland resulted in a rare case of substantial mineral dust contamination of snow surfaces over a large area in the southern part of the country. A citizen science campaign was set up to collect contaminated snow samples prepared according to the scientists' instructions. The campaign gained wide national interest in television, radio, newspapers and social media, and dust samples were received from 525 locations in Finland, up to 64.3°N. The samples were utilised in investigating the ability of an atmospheric dispersion model to simulate the dust episode. The analysis confirmed that dust came from a wide Sahara and Sahel area from 5000 km away. Our results reveal the features of this rare event and demonstrate how deposition samples can be used to evaluate the skills and limitations of current atmospheric models in simulating transport of African dust towards northern Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Outi Meinander
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Climate Research, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Rostislav Kouznetsov
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Climate Research, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andreas Uppstu
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Climate Research, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikhail Sofiev
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Climate Research, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu Kaakinen
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Gustaf Hällströmin Katu 2, 00560, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Salminen
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Gustaf Hällströmin Katu 2, 00560, Helsinki, Finland
- Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), Vuorimiehentie 2, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Laura Rontu
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Meteorological Research, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560, Helsinki, Finland
| | - André Welti
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Research Coordination, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Diana Francis
- Earth Sciences Department, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ana A Piedehierro
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Research Coordination, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pasi Heikkilä
- Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), Vuorimiehentie 2, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Enna Heikkinen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Climate Research, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Laaksonen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Research Coordination, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
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46
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Ahvo A, Heino M, Sandström V, Chrisendo D, Jalava M, Kummu M. Agricultural input shocks affect crop yields more in the high-yielding areas of the world. Nat Food 2023; 4:1037-1046. [PMID: 37945784 PMCID: PMC10727984 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The industrialization of agriculture has led to an increasing dependence on non-locally sourced agricultural inputs. Hence, shocks in the availability of agricultural inputs can be devastating to food crop production. There is also a pressure to decrease the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in many areas. However, the combined impact of the agricultural input shocks on crop yields has not yet been systematically assessed globally. Here we modelled the effects of agricultural input shocks using a random forest machine learning algorithm. We show that shocks in fertilizers cause the most drastic yield losses. Under the scenario of 50% shock in all studied agricultural inputs, global maize production could decrease up to 26%, and global wheat production up to 21%, impacting particularly the high-yielding 'breadbasket' areas of the world. Our study provides insights into global food system resilience and can be useful for preparing for potential future shocks or agricultural input availability decreases at local and global scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aino Ahvo
- Water and Development Research Group, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Matias Heino
- Water and Development Research Group, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Vilma Sandström
- Water and Development Research Group, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Daniel Chrisendo
- Water and Development Research Group, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Mika Jalava
- Water and Development Research Group, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Matti Kummu
- Water and Development Research Group, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
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47
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De Franco E, Owens NDL, Montaser H, Wakeling MN, Saarimäki-Vire J, Triantou A, Ibrahim H, Balboa D, Caswell RC, Jennings RE, Kvist JA, Johnson MB, Muralidharan S, Ellard S, Wright CF, Maddirevula S, Alkuraya FS, Hanley NA, Flanagan SE, Otonkoski T, Hattersley AT, Imbeault M. Primate-specific ZNF808 is essential for pancreatic development in humans. Nat Genet 2023; 55:2075-2081. [PMID: 37973953 PMCID: PMC10703691 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01565-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Identifying genes linked to extreme phenotypes in humans has the potential to highlight biological processes not shared with all other mammals. Here, we report the identification of homozygous loss-of-function variants in the primate-specific gene ZNF808 as a cause of pancreatic agenesis. ZNF808 is a member of the KRAB zinc finger protein family, a large and rapidly evolving group of epigenetic silencers which target transposable elements. We show that loss of ZNF808 in vitro results in aberrant activation of regulatory potential contained in the primate-specific transposable elements it represses during early pancreas development. This leads to inappropriate specification of cell fate with induction of genes associated with liver identity. Our results highlight the essential role of ZNF808 in pancreatic development in humans and the contribution of primate-specific regions of the human genome to congenital developmental disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa De Franco
- Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter, UK
| | - Nick D L Owens
- Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter, UK
| | - Hossam Montaser
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matthew N Wakeling
- Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter, UK
| | - Jonna Saarimäki-Vire
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Athina Triantou
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hazem Ibrahim
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Diego Balboa
- Regulatory Genomics and Diabetes, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Richard C Caswell
- Genomics Laboratory, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Rachel E Jennings
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Gastroenterology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Endocrinology Department, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Jouni A Kvist
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matthew B Johnson
- Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter, UK
| | - Sachin Muralidharan
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sian Ellard
- Genomics Laboratory, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Caroline F Wright
- Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter, UK
| | - Sateesh Maddirevula
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neil A Hanley
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Gastroenterology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Endocrinology Department, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah E Flanagan
- Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter, UK
| | - Timo Otonkoski
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Andrew T Hattersley
- Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter, UK.
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48
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Laine RF, Heil HS, Coelho S, Nixon-Abell J, Jimenez A, Wiesner T, Martínez D, Galgani T, Régnier L, Stubb A, Follain G, Webster S, Goyette J, Dauphin A, Salles A, Culley S, Jacquemet G, Hajj B, Leterrier C, Henriques R. High-fidelity 3D live-cell nanoscopy through data-driven enhanced super-resolution radial fluctuation. Nat Methods 2023; 20:1949-1956. [PMID: 37957430 PMCID: PMC10703683 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-02057-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Live-cell super-resolution microscopy enables the imaging of biological structure dynamics below the diffraction limit. Here we present enhanced super-resolution radial fluctuations (eSRRF), substantially improving image fidelity and resolution compared to the original SRRF method. eSRRF incorporates automated parameter optimization based on the data itself, giving insight into the trade-off between resolution and fidelity. We demonstrate eSRRF across a range of imaging modalities and biological systems. Notably, we extend eSRRF to three dimensions by combining it with multifocus microscopy. This realizes live-cell volumetric super-resolution imaging with an acquisition speed of ~1 volume per second. eSRRF provides an accessible super-resolution approach, maximizing information extraction across varied experimental conditions while minimizing artifacts. Its optimal parameter prediction strategy is generalizable, moving toward unbiased and optimized analyses in super-resolution microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain F Laine
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Micrographia Bio, Translation and Innovation Hub, London, UK
| | - Hannah S Heil
- Optical Cell Biology, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Simao Coelho
- Optical Cell Biology, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Jonathon Nixon-Abell
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge Univeristy, Cambridge, UK
| | - Angélique Jimenez
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP UMR7051, NeuroCyto, Marseille, France
| | - Theresa Wiesner
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP UMR7051, NeuroCyto, Marseille, France
| | - Damián Martínez
- Optical Cell Biology, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Tommaso Galgani
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR168, Paris, France
- Revvity Signals, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Louise Régnier
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR168, Paris, France
| | - Aki Stubb
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Department of Cell and Tissue Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Munster, Germany
| | - Gautier Follain
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Samantha Webster
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jesse Goyette
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aurelien Dauphin
- Unite Genetique et Biologie du Développement U934, PICT-IBiSA, Institut Curie, INSERM, CNRS, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Salles
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unit of Technology and Service Photonic BioImaging (UTechS PBI), C2RT, Paris, France
| | - Siân Culley
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Guillaume Jacquemet
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioimaging, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Bassam Hajj
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR168, Paris, France.
| | | | - Ricardo Henriques
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK.
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
- Optical Cell Biology, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.
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49
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Subero D, Maillet O, Golubev DS, Thomas G, Peltonen JT, Karimi B, Marín-Suárez M, Yeyati AL, Sánchez R, Park S, Pekola JP. Bolometric detection of Josephson inductance in a highly resistive environment. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7924. [PMID: 38040683 PMCID: PMC10692220 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43668-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Josephson junction is a building block of quantum circuits. Its behavior, well understood when treated as an isolated entity, is strongly affected by coupling to an electromagnetic environment. In 1983, Schmid predicted that a Josephson junction shunted by a resistance exceeding the resistance quantum RQ = h/4e2 ≈ 6.45 kΩ for Cooper pairs would become insulating since the phase fluctuations would destroy the coherent Josephson coupling. However, recent microwave measurements have questioned this interpretation. Here, we insert a small Josephson junction in a Johnson-Nyquist-type setup where it is driven by weak current noise arising from thermal fluctuations. Our heat probe minimally perturbs the junction's equilibrium, shedding light on features not visible in charge transport. We find that the Josephson critical current completely vanishes in DC charge transport measurement, and the junction demonstrates Coulomb blockade in agreement with the theory. Surprisingly, thermal transport measurements show that the Josephson junction acts as an inductor at high frequencies, unambiguously demonstrating that a supercurrent survives despite the Coulomb blockade observed in DC measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Subero
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland.
| | - Olivier Maillet
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Dmitry S Golubev
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - George Thomas
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Joonas T Peltonen
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Bayan Karimi
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marco Marín-Suárez
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Alfredo Levy Yeyati
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Sánchez
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sunghun Park
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jukka P Pekola
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
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50
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Qin X, Hansen HA, Honkala K, Melander MM. Cation-induced changes in the inner- and outer-sphere mechanisms of electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7607. [PMID: 37993426 PMCID: PMC10665450 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43300-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanism of cation effects on CO2RR remains debated. Herein, we study cation effects by simulating both outer-sphere electron transfer (OS-ET) and inner-sphere electron transfer (IS-ET) pathways during CO2RR via constrained density functional theory molecular dynamics (cDFT-MD) and slow-growth DFT-MD (SG-DFT-MD), respectively. Our results show without any cations, only OS-ET is feasible with a barrier of 1.21 eV. In the presence of K+ (Li+), OS-ET shows a very high barrier of 2.93 eV (4.15 eV) thus being prohibited. However, cations promote CO2 activation through IS-ET with the barrier of only 0.61 eV (K+) and 0.91 eV (Li+), generating the key intermediate (adsorbed CO[Formula: see text]). Without cations, CO2-to-CO[Formula: see text](ads) conversion cannot proceed. Our findings reveal cation effects arise from short-range Coulomb interactions with reaction intermediates. These results disclose that cations modulate the inner- and outer-sphere pathways of CO2RR, offering substantial insights on the cation specificity in the initial CO2RR steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Qin
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej Building 301, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark.
| | - Heine A Hansen
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej Building 301, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Karoliina Honkala
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marko M Melander
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
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