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Karaman E, Onder GO, Goktepe O, Karakas E, Mat OC, Bolat D, Koseoglu E, Tur K, Baran M, Ermis M, Balcioglu E, Yay A. Protective Effects of Boric Acid Taken in Different Ways on Experimental Ovarian İschemia and Reperfusion. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2730-2743. [PMID: 37743417 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian ischemia is a gynecological emergency that occurs as a result of ovarian torsion, affects women of reproductive age, and reduces ovarian reserve. The current study was designed to investigate the effect of boric acid taken in different ways on histopathological changes, autophagy, oxidative stress, and DNA damage caused by ischemia and reperfusion in the ovary of adult female rats. We established seven groups of 70 adult female rats: untreated control, intraperitoneal boric acid group (IpBA), oral boric acid group (OBA), ischemia/reperfusion group (ischemia/2 h reperfusion; OIR), ischemia/reperfusion and local boric acid group (OIR + LBA), ischemia/reperfusion and intraperitoneal boric acid group (OIR + IpBA), and ischemia/reperfusion and oral boric acid group (OIR + OBA). On the 31st day of the experimental procedure, both ovaries were harvested for histologic (hematoxylen and eosin and Masson trichrom), biochemical (ELISA and AMH, MDA, SOD, and CAT analyses), and comet evaluation. In the OIR group, hemorrhage, edema, inflammation, and diminished follicle reserve were seen in the ovary. Boric acid treatment reduced the ovarian ischemia/reperfusion damage, and the follicles exhibited similar morphological features to the control group. Moreover, boric acid treatment decreased the levels of Hsp70, NF-KB, COX-2, and CD31, which increased as a result of OIR. On the other hand, SCF and AMH levels, which decreased as a result of OIR, increased with boric acid treatment. The levels of autophagy markers (Beclin-1, LC3, and p62) reached values close to those of the control group. According to the biochemical findings, it was concluded that boric acid is also effective on oxidative stress, and the AMH level was particularly high in the OIR + OBA group, consistent with the immunohistochemical staining result. In addition, it was observed that the DNA damage caused by OIR reached values close to those of the control group, especially in the OBA after OIR. This study showed the therapeutic effects of boric acid on OIR injuries; thus, boric acid may be a potential therapeutic agent for ovarian protection and fertility preservation in cases that may cause ovarian torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enes Karaman
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Savur Prof Dr Aziz Sancar District State Hospital, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Gozde Ozge Onder
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ozge Goktepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Erol Karakas
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kayseri State Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ozge Cengiz Mat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Demet Bolat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Eda Koseoglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kardelen Tur
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Munevver Baran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ermis
- Experimental Researches and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Esra Balcioglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Arzu Yay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Jabbar AAJ, Alamri ZZ, Abdulla MA, Salehen NA, Ibrahim IAA, Hassan RR, Almaimani G, Bamagous GA, Almaimani RA, Almasmoum HA, Ghaith MM, Farrash WF, Almutawif YA. Boric Acid (Boron) Attenuates AOM-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Rats by Augmentation of Apoptotic and Antioxidant Mechanisms. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2702-2719. [PMID: 37770673 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03864-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Boric acid (BA) is a naturally occurring weak Lewis acid containing boron, oxygen, and hydrogen elements that can be found in water, soil, and plants. Because of its numerous biological potentials including anti-proliferation actions, the present investigates the chemopreventive possessions of BA on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. Thirty laboratory rats were divided into 5 groups: negative control (A) received two subcutaneous inoculations of normal saline and nourished on 10% Tween 20; groups B-E had two injections of 15 mg/kg azoxymethane followed by ingestion of 10% Tween 20 (B, cancer control), inoculation with intraperitoneal 35 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil injection (C, reference group), or ingested with boric acid 30 mg/kg (D) and 60 mg/kg (E). The gross morphology results showed significantly increased total colonic ACF in cancer controls, while BA treatment caused a significant reduction of ACF values. Histopathological evaluation of colons from cancer controls showed bizarrely elongated nuclei, stratified cells, and higher depletion of the submucosal glands than that of BA-treated groups. Boric acid treatment up-surged the pro-apoptotic (Bax) expression and reduced anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) protein expressions. Moreover, BA ingestion caused upregulation of antioxidant enzymes (GPx, SOD, CAT), and lowered MDA contents in colon tissue homogenates. Boric acid-treated rats had significantly lower pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and higher anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) based on serum analysis. The colorectal cancer attenuation by BA is shown by the reduced ACF numbers, anticipated by its regulatory potentials on the apoptotic proteins, antioxidants, and inflammatory cytokines originating from AOM-induced oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq.
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawaz Rizgar Hassan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Kirkuk Road, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
| | - Ghassan Almaimani
- Department of surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A Bamagous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain A Almasmoum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M Ghaith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F Farrash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya A Almutawif
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Saudi Arabia
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Gundogdu K, Gundogdu G, Demirkaya Miloglu F, Demirci T, Tascı SY, Abd El-Aty AM. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Boric Acid in Treating Knee Osteoarthritis: Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluation in Rat Model. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2744-2754. [PMID: 37770671 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03872-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory properties of boric acid (BA) in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in rats, evaluating its biochemical and histopathological therapeutic effects. A KOA rat model was induced by injecting monosodium iodoacetate into the knee joint. Random assignment was performed for the experimental groups as follows: group-1(control), group-2(KOA control), group-3 (BA:4 mg/kg, orally), group-4(BA:10 mg/kg, orally), group-5(BA:4 mg/kg, intra-articularly), and group-6(BA:10 mg/kg, intra-articularly). The rats received 100 µL of BA intra-articularly on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 or 1 mL orally once a day (5 days/week) for 4 weeks. Serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) were measured. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed on knee joint samples using specific antibodies for IL-1β, TNF-α, MMP-13, and nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2). Group-2 exhibited higher serum IL-1β and TNF-α levels and MMP-13 activity than group-1 (P < 0.05). However, IL-1β and TNF-α levels and MMP-13 activity were lower in all treatment groups than in group-2, with statistically significant reductions observed in groups-4, 5, and 6. Histopathologically, group-2 displayed joint space narrowing, cartilage degeneration, and deep fissures. Groups-5 and 6 demonstrated significant joint space enlargement, articular cartilage tissue regeneration, and immunostaining patterns similar to those in group-1. Immunohistochemically, group-2 showed significant increases in IL-1β, TNF-α, MMP-13, and NOS-2 expression. However, all treatment groups exhibited reductions in these expression levels compared to group-2, with statistically significant decreases observed in groups-5 and 6 (P < 0.01). BA shows potential efficacy in reducing inflammation in experimental KOA model in rats. It may be a promising therapeutic agent for KOA, warranting further clinical studies for validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koksal Gundogdu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Denizli State Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Gulsah Gundogdu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Demirkaya Miloglu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Tuba Demirci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Seymanur Yılmaz Tascı
- Department of Physiology, Hamidiye International School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Uysal S, Yoruk MA. Boric Acid in Milk Replacer as a Health Enhancer and Growth Promoter for Lambs in the Suckling Period. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04214-4. [PMID: 38758480 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effects of boric acid supplementation in milk replacer of lambs in the suckling period on performance, biochemical parameters, the antioxidant system, fecal culture, and expression of some genes. During the suckling period, 60 lambs (4 days old) were randomly given four levels of boric acid (0, 30, 60, and 90 mg/kg body weight) via milk replacer for 57 days. The lambs supplemented with boric acid had a higher weight gain and better feed conversion ratio. Boric acid supplementation quadratically increased serum triglyceride, total protein, alkaline phosphatase, serum antioxidant activity and oxidative stress biomarkers, and fecal flora and decreased IL1β, IL10, iNOS, NF-kB, and TNF-α gene expressions. The effect of boric acid on rumen papilla development could not be determined since the animals were not slaughtered. In conclusion, the use of boric acid to lambs in the suckling period improved the average weekly body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency, positively affected some biochemical parameters, antioxidant system, and intestinal flora, and also affected gene expressions related to the immune system. Boric acid supplementation had a beneficial effect on the health and growth of suckling lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soner Uysal
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Akif Yoruk
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, 55139, Turkey
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Tekin A, Güner A, Akkan T. Protective Effect of Boric Acid Against Ochratoxin A-Induced Toxic Effects in Human Embryonal Kidney Cells (HEK293): A Study on Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, Oxidative, and Apoptotic Effects. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04194-5. [PMID: 38713435 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04194-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the protective properties of boric acid (BA) against the toxic effects induced by ochratoxin A (OTA) in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293). The focus is on various parameters such as cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. OTA is a known mycotoxin that has harmful effects on the liver, kidneys, brain, and nervous system. BA, on the other hand, a boron-based compound, is known for its potential as a vital micronutrient with important cellular functions. The results show that BA administration not only increases cell viability but also mitigates the cytotoxic effects of OTA. This is evidenced by a reduction in the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), indicating less damage to cell membranes. In addition, BA shows efficacy in reducing genotoxic effects, as the frequency of micronucleus (MN) and chromosomal aberrations (CA) decreases significantly, suggesting a protective role against DNA damage. In addition, the study shows that treatment with BA leads to a decrease in oxidative stress markers, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic intervention against the deleterious effects of OTA. These results emphasize the need for further research into the protective mechanisms of boron, particularly BA, in combating cell damage caused by OTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aşkın Tekin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Occupational Health and Safety,, Sinop University, Sinop, Türkiye.
| | - Adem Güner
- Şebinkarahisar Vocational School of Health Services, Giresun,, Giresun University, Giresun, Türkiye
| | - Tamer Akkan
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Biology Department of Biology, Giresun University, Giresun, Türkiye
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Alebidi A, Abdel-Sattar M. Synergistic effect of seaweed extract and boric acid and/or calcium chloride on productivity and physico-chemical properties of Valencia orange. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17378. [PMID: 38726378 PMCID: PMC11080991 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Many citrus species and cultivars are grown successfully in tropical and subtropical countries, as well as in arid and semi-arid regions with low levels of organic matter and low cation exchange, resulting in lower nutrient uptake by the plant. The essential nutrients needed for citrus flowering and fruit set are limited in winter due to a reduction in transpiration rate, negatively effecting vegetative growth, flowering, yield, and fruit quality. The present investigation was carried out to assess the nutritional status, fruit yield parameters, and fruit quality of Valencia orange trees after foliar spraying of seaweed extract (SW) combined with calcium chloride and boric acid and their combinations in the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 seasons. The treatments were arranged in a split-plot design (three levels spraying seaweed extract × four levels spraying calcium chloride and boric acid and their combinations × four replicates × one tree/replicate). The results indicated that all of the characteristics measured, including leaf chlorophyll, leaf mineral contents, fruit yield parameters, fruit physical properties, and fruit chemical properties, were significantly affected by the foliar spraying of seaweed extract (SW) combined with calcium chloride and boric acid and their combinations. Although all treatments increased the productivity and the physical and chemical properties of Valencia orange fruits compared to the control, a treatment of 10 g/L SW combined with 0.5 g/L boric acid and 1 g/L calcium chloride produced superior results. This ratio of SW, boric acid, and calcium chloride is therefore recommended to enhance productivity and improve the physico-chemical properties of Valencia orange for greater fruit yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alebidi
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Abdel-Sattar
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Bayram D, Özgöçmen M, Çelik DA, Sarman E, Sevimli M. Does Boric Acid Inhibit Cell Proliferation on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Cells in Monolayer and Spheroid Cultures by Using Apoptosis Pathways? Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2008-2021. [PMID: 37572183 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03810-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Most breast cancers originate in the lobules or ducts of the breast. Breast cancer as the second main cause of death among women in the world is the most common kind of cancer in women. Studies have been conducted to find the optimal treatment for breast cancer. Moreover, the therapeutic effects of different drugs and substances on this disease have been intensively researched. Boric acid accounts for 96% of the boron content in body fluids, and its derivatives are absorbed by the human body. It is assumed to be represented as (B(OH)2). Experimental studies have shown a reduction of cell proliferation and stimulation of apoptosis in some melanoma, prostate, and colon cancer cell lines through boric acid. The aim of this study was to investigate if boric acid could be used for treating breast cancer. The impacts of boric acid on the human breast carcinoma cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were studied with TUNEL, BrdU, caspase-3, and endo-G immunohistochemical studies in 3D and 2D culture systems. Furthermore, we conducted a qRT-PCR study to show changes in the expression of some genes involved in apoptosis. Suppression of cell proliferation through boric acid-inducing apoptosis was observed both in 3D and 2D culture conditions. These results are compatible with the gene expression results. The ENDOG, CASP3, CASP8, and CASP9 gene expression significantly changed at all time intervals in MCF-7 and MD-MB-231 cell lines boric acid can potentially treat breast cancer as an anti-cancer agent candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Bayram
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Meltem Özgöçmen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Dilek Aşcı Çelik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Emine Sarman
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyon, Turkey
| | - Murat Sevimli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Farjadian F, Heidari R, Mohammadi-Samani S. In vivo treatment of zinc phosphide poisoning by administration of mesoporous silica nanoparticles as an effective antidote agent. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29458. [PMID: 38681564 PMCID: PMC11046115 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are highly advanced engineered particles with increased surface area and extreme adsorption capacity for various molecules. Herein, two types of MSNs were synthesized and applied as adsorbents for phosphine gas. One was without functional groups (MSN), and the other was post-modified with boric acid (MSN-BA). The structures of MSN and boric acid-modified MSN with high surface areas of about 1025 and 650 m2/g, respectively, were defined. MSN was found to have particles with sizes around 30 nm by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the present study, MSNs were used as an antidote to phosphorus poisoning, and zinc phosphide (phosphorus) powder was used as the toxic and lethal agent. In vivo analysis was carried out on rats to demonstrate the ability of MSNs to chemisorb phosphine gas. In the survival percentage assessment, Phos-poisoned animals were kept alive after treatment with MSNs, and the MSN-BA-treated group (dose of 5 mg/kg) was shown to have a 60 % survival rate. Blood serum analysis showed that MSNs have a high potential to alleviate organ blood damage, and serum biomarkers dropped sharply while phosphine-poisoned animals were treated with MSN-BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Farjadian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soliman Mohammadi-Samani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Yıldırım O, Seçme M, Dodurga Y, Mete GA, Fenkci SM. In Vitro Effects of Boric Acid on Cell Cycle, Apoptosis, and miRNAs in Medullary Thyroid Cancer Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04188-3. [PMID: 38689139 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04188-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a highly aggressive and chemotherapy-resistant cancer originating from the thyroid's parafollicular C cells. Due to its resistance to conventional treatments, alternative therapies such as boric acid have been explored. Boric acid, a boron-based compound, has shown anticarcinogenic effects, positioning it as a potential treatment option for MTC. TT medullary thyroid carcinoma cell line (TT cells) and human thyroid fibroblast (HThF cells) were utilized for the cell culture experiments. Cell viability was assessed using the 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay. Total RNA was extracted using Trizol reagent for gene expression and microRNA (miRNA) analysis via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The extent of apoptosis induced by boric acid was determined using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Colony formation assays were conducted to evaluate the impact of boric acid on the colony-forming ability of MTC cells. At 48 h, 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of boric acid was found to be 35 μM. Treatment with boric acid resulted in significant modulation of apoptosis-related genes and miRNAs, including increased expression of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1(NOXA), apoptotic protease activating factor 1 (APAF-1), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), caspase-3, and caspase-9. In contrast, the expression of B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), B cell lymphoma- extra-large (Bcl-xl), and microRNA-21 (miR-21), which are linked to the aggressiveness of MTC, was significantly reduced. The TUNEL assay indicated a 14% apoptosis rate, and there was a 67.9% reduction in colony formation, as shown by the colony formation assay. Our study suggests that boric acid may have anticancer activity in MTC by modulating apoptotic pathways. These findings suggest that boric acid could be a potential therapeutic agent for MTC and possibly for other malignancies with similar pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onurcan Yıldırım
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, 35100, Turkey.
| | - Mücahit Seçme
- Department of Medical Biology, Ordu University School of Medicine, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Dodurga
- Department of Medical Biology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Abban Mete
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Semin Melahat Fenkci
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
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Bozkurt SB, Hakki SS, Nielsen FH. Boric acid alleviates periodontal inflammation induced by IL-1β in human gingival fibroblasts. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127466. [PMID: 38692230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boric acid (BA) has been found to have therapeutic effects on periodontal disease through beneficially affecting antibacterial, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory actions. METHODS This study was conducted to determine the effect of BA on cell viability and on mRNA expressions of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and on oxidative stress enzymes induced by IL-1β (1 ng/mL) in Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGF) cultured for 24 and 72 h in DMEM media. The BA concentrations added to the media were 0.09 %, 0.18 %, 0.37 %, and 0.75 %. RESULTS All of the BA concentrations increased the viability of cell cultured in DMEM media only, indicating that these concentrations were not toxic and actually beneficial to cell viability. The addition of 1 ng/m: of IL-1β decreased cell viability that was overcome by all concentrations of BA at both 24 and 72 h. The IL-1β addition to the media increased the expressions of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-17; the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10; and the oxidative stress enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD0 and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). The IL-1β induced increase mRNA expression of IL-1β was decreased at 24 h by the 0.37 % and 0.75 % BA additions to the media and decreased in a dose-dependent manner by all concentrations of BA at 72 h. The IL-1β induced increase in the expression of IL-6 was decreased in dose-dependent manner at 72 h by BA. All BA concentrations decreased the IL-1β induced expression of IL-8 at both 24 and 72 h. The induced increase in IL-17 by IL-1β was not significantly affected by the BA additions. The increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 induced by IL-1β was increased further by all BA additions in dose dependent manner at both 24 and 72 h. The mRNA expressions of SOD and GPX increased by IL-1β were further increased by the 0.37 % and 0.75 % BA concentrations at 72 h. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that BA can significantly modulate the cytokines that are involved in inflammatory stress and reactive oxygen species action and thus could be an effective therapeutic agent in the treatment of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serife Buket Bozkurt
- Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Niğde, Turkey.
| | - Sema S Hakki
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Forrest H Nielsen
- Research Nutritionist Consultant, 3000 Belmont Road, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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11
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Zhao Y, Ming Y, Yang Y, Cai C, Bi Y, Fu Q, Ke Y. Separation of carbohydrates using dynamically adsorbed borate stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1720:464780. [PMID: 38458138 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a chromatographic method for the separation of carbohydrates was proposed. Tris-(hydroxymethyl)-amine (TRIS) functionalized silica-based hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) stationary was synthesized. The dynamically absorbed borate layer is generated by using borate buffer as a polar modifier due to the complexation of borate with TRIS ligand in the stationary phase. The chromatographic systems were analyzed by the linear solvation energy relationship model. The calculated system constants revealed the enhancement of anionic exchange by the addition of borate in the mobile phase system. In addition, ligand exchange is critical for the retention and elution order of sugars and sugar alcohols. Carbohydrates displayed prolonged retention with different selectivity profiles relating to their complexation coefficients with borate. Experiment results showed that the effect of borate in this chromatographic system was stable within the range of pH 3-7 and borate concentration of 5-15 mM. This work provides a complementary solution for the separation of carbohydrates. It can also be extended to the separation of glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yufang Ming
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Changyu Cai
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yujie Bi
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qing Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yanxiong Ke
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
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12
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Çelebi-Saltik B, Babadag S, Ballikaya E, Pat S, Öteyaka MÖ. Osteogenic Differentiation Capacity of Dental Pulp Stem Cells on 3D Printed Polyurethane/ Boric Acid Scaffold. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1446-1456. [PMID: 37477847 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03781-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing is growing in the area of dentistry and orthopedics due to the potential for the fabrication of individual implants. In this study, fused deposition modeling which is the most popular method was used to produce 3D scaffolds having a grid pattern from the polyurethane (PU) filament. Then, this scaffold was coated with boric acid (BA) with the thermionic vacuum arc technique. The microstructure analysis showed the macro-pores having a dimension of ~ 0.16 mm2. The BA coating increased the roughness in adverse decreased the wettability. The presence of BA on the scaffold before and after cell culture was confirmed by FESEM-EDS and ATR-FTIR. The Cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation capacity of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on uncoated and coated printed 3D PU scaffolds were also investigated. On the third day, cell viability was found to be higher (1.3-fold) in the groups containing BA. However, on the seventh day, the increase in cell proliferation in the PU+BA group was found to be less than in the other groups. According to Ca deposition analysis and Alizarin Red staining, PU+BA increased the calcium accumulation in the cells in both osteogenic induced and non-induced conditions at day 14. According to gene expression analysis, the Runx2 expression was not detected in PU+BA groups with and without differentiation medium (p ≤0.05). The expression of OCN was persistently increased up to 21-fold and 48-fold in cells on PU and PU+BA in osteogenic differentiation medium group after 14 days compared to control group (p ≤0.05). DSPP expression was observed only in PU+BA in osteogenic differentiation medium group. In line with the results that we have obtained, our 3D printed scaffolds have properties to trigger the differentiation of DPSCs cells in terms of osteogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Çelebi-Saltik
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Oral and Dental Health Research, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sena Babadag
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Ballikaya
- Department of Oral and Dental Health Research, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hacettepe University Faculty of Dentistry, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suat Pat
- Department of Physics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Science and Letters, 26040, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özgür Öteyaka
- Department of Electronic and Automation, Eskişehir Osmangazi University Eskişehir Vocational School Mechatronic Program, Eskişehir, Turkey
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13
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Çöl B, Kürkçü MS, Di Bek E. Genome-Wide Screens Identify Genes Responsible for Intrinsic Boric Acid Resistance in Escherichia coli. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04129-0. [PMID: 38466471 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Boric acid (BA) has antimicrobial properties and is used to combat bacterial infections, including Enterobacteria. However, the molecular mechanisms and cellular responses to BA are still unknown. This genomics study aims to provide new information on the genes and molecular mechanisms related to the antimicrobial effect of BA in Escherichia coli. The Keio collection of E. coli was used to screen 3985 single-gene knockout strains in order to identify mutant strains that were sensitive or hypersensitive to BA at certain concentrations. The mutant strains were exposed to different concentrations of BA ranging from 0 to 120 mM in LB media. Through genome-wide screens, 92 mutants were identified that were relatively sensitive to BA at least at one concentration tested. The related biological processes in the particular cellular system were listed. This study demonstrates that intrinsic BA resistance is the result of various mechanisms acting together. Additionally, we identified eighteen out of ninety-two mutant strains (Delta_aceF, aroK, cheZ, dinJ, galS, garP, glxK, nohA, talB, torR, trmU, trpR, yddE, yfeS, ygaV, ylaC, yoaC, yohN) that exhibited sensitivity using other methods. To increase sensitivity to BA, we constructed double and triple knockout mutants of the selected sensitive mutants. In certain instances, engineered double and triple mutants exhibited significantly amplified effects. Overall, our analysis of these findings offers further understanding of the mechanisms behind BA toxicity and intrinsic resistance in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bekir Çöl
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey.
- Research Laboratories Center, Biotechnology Research Center, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey.
| | - Merve Sezer Kürkçü
- Research Laboratories Center, Biotechnology Research Center, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
- Research and Application Center For Research Laboratories, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Esra Di Bek
- Research Laboratories Center, Biotechnology Research Center, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
- Köyceğiz Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Pharmacy Services, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
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14
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Çakir S. Effect of Boric Acid on Metabolic Peptides and Some Biochemical Parameters in Experimental Diabetic Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1001-1008. [PMID: 37872360 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) is an element that has recently been wondered and researched in many fields, especially due to its effects on energy metabolism. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of boric acid (BA) on newly discovered energy metabolism peptides that have not been studied before. In this study, the effects of 15 mg/kg of BA were evaluated in 24 Wistar rats. Groups were named as control group, 15 mg/kg BA group, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced experimental diabetic group, and STZ-induced experimental diabetic + 15 mg/kg BA administered group (STZ+15 mg/kg BA). Serum asprosin, nesfatin-1, preptin, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and glucose analyses were performed. In this study, the increase in glucose, TG, TC, LDL-C levels, and AST, ALT activities in STZ-induced groups were reduced with BA administration. While HDL-C level significantly decreased in the STZ group, the level approached the control group values after BA administration (p<0.001). As for peptides, although there was a statistically significant increase after 15 mg/kg BA administration, these levels did not approach the control group values (p<0.001). According to the findings, STZ-induced diabetes mellitus and the biochemical processes that develop accordingly change correlatively. This study showed that BA is effective in energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selcen Çakir
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Medical Laboratory Techniques Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Çanakkale, Turkey.
- Vocational School of Health Services, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Campus, SHMYO Z-9. PK:17000, Çanakkale, Turkey.
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15
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Semerci Sevimli T, Ghorbani A, Demir Cevizlidere B, Altuğ B, Sevimli M. Boric Acid Affects the Expression of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Factors in A549 Cells and A549 Cancer Stem Cells: An In Vitro Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04082-y. [PMID: 38367174 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04082-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair genes interact with tumor stemness- and resistance-associated processes in cancer stem cells (CSCs). Therefore, targeting DNA DSB genes in cancer treatment is important for the CSC phenotype. Although the anti-cancer effect of boric acid (BA) has been studied, its effect on DNA DSB is unclear. Moreover, no studies investigate BA's effects on DNA DSB of lung cancer stem cells (LC-SCs). To fill the gap, we aimed to assess the effects of BA on A549 cancer stem cells. CSCs were isolated from human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549) and characterized by flow cytometry. Different concentrations of BA (at doses ranging from 1 to 100 mM) were applied to cancer stem cells. Cytotoxic activities were determined using the cell viability assay (MTT assay) at 24 and 48 h. Expression levels of DNA DSB genes that BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51, KU70/80, ATM, and XRCC4 were evaluated by RT-qPCR. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining analysis was exploited for caspase-3 and E-cadherin. ATM expression increased significantly (p < 0.001). No significant change was observed in the expression of other genes. Moreover, BA up-regulated caspase-3 and E-cadherin expression. Consequently, we can say that BA affects DNA DSB and the apoptotic abilities of LC-SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Semerci Sevimli
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production, Application, and Research Center (ESTEM), Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, 26040, Turkey.
| | - Aynaz Ghorbani
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production, Application, and Research Center (ESTEM), Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, 26040, Turkey
| | - Bahar Demir Cevizlidere
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production, Application, and Research Center (ESTEM), Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, 26040, Turkey
| | - Burcugül Altuğ
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production, Application, and Research Center (ESTEM), Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, 26040, Turkey
| | - Murat Sevimli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040, Eskişehir, Turkey
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16
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Aykal MB, Gecin MN, Sogut I, Kar F, Taskin AC. Effects of Boric acid as Maternal Feed Additives on the Development and Sex Ratio of Mouse pups. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04099-3. [PMID: 38342845 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Boron is primarily used in industrial applications, with recent interest revolving around its effects on metabolism. In this study, we administered boric acid (BA), which has positive effects on reproduction, in conjunction with feed supplementation to serve as a model for experimental animal development and breeding. The pregnancy performance, offspring development, and biochemical effects of mice given feed supplemented with BA at concentrations of 0 (control group), 250, and 500 ppm (BA groups) were investigated. A total of 18 female Balb-C mice were utilized for pregnancy. The mice were given the BA-supplemented feed during a period encompassing three weeks of pregnancy and three weeks of lactation. The numbers and weights of offspring born in cages on days 19-21 were determined. Blood and tissue samples were collected from the offspring during the third week postnatal, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant and oxidant status (TAS, TOS, and OSI) levels were determined. A significant increase in female offspring was observed in the groups born to mice fed with BA compared to the control group. Positive development in organ weights was observed in the 250-ppm BA group. The 250-ppm group exhibited a significant increase in TAS compared to the control group, while TOS and MDA levels showed a decrease. Also, the levels of BA groups were found to decrease in both the OSI index serum and organ samples compared to the control group. Thus, the use of 250-ppm BA demonstrated positive effects on female offspring production, organ development, and antioxidant levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Aykal
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - M N Gecin
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - I Sogut
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - F Kar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Türkiye
| | - A C Taskin
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
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17
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Yildirim A, Ascioglu S, Kocer MB, Ozyilmaz E, Yilmaz M. Design of a novel fluorescent metal-organic framework (UiO-66-NG) for the detection of boric acid in aqueous medium and bioimaging in a living plant system. Talanta 2024; 268:125285. [PMID: 37832455 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
UiO-66-NH2 material is a variant of Zr-based MOF most widely used for various applications, exhibiting unprecedented excellent hydrothermal and physicochemical stability. In this study, after UiO-66-NH2 reacted with chlorosulfonyl isocyanate, the fluorescent UiO-66-NG probe was prepared by interacting with the N-methylglucamine molecule. The structure of the prepared probe was confirmed by characterizing them with techniques such as FTIR, SEM, and XRD. The sensing properties of this prepared probe against different anions and cations were investigated and it was understood that it showed sensitive selectivity only for H3BO3. The H3BO3 detection limit (LOD) of the UiO-66-NG probe was determined as 1.81 μM. Boric acid was determined in real samples by using tap water, lake water, and river water. Fluorescence imaging was performed using the plant Lepidium sativum for the detection of boric acid in aqueous medium and for bio-imaging in a living plant system. These results show that the prepared UiO-66-NG can be used successfully in the determination of H3BO3 in living plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Yildirim
- Selcuk University, Department of Chemistry, 42075, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Sebahat Ascioglu
- Selcuk University, Department of Biochemistry, 42075, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Elif Ozyilmaz
- Selcuk University, Department of Biochemistry, 42075, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yilmaz
- Selcuk University, Department of Chemistry, 42075, Konya, Turkey.
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18
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Chiu MC, Neoh KB, Hwang SY. The effect of attractive toxic sugar bait on the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in community farms in Northern Taiwan. Acta Trop 2024; 250:107102. [PMID: 38104884 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Attractive toxic sugar baits (ATSBs) lure mosquitoes to feed on the baits and subsequently killed them. We investigated the effects of a boric acid-containing ATSB on the population of Aedes albopictus at 48 h exposure and assessed the field effectiveness on this ATSB on two types of community farms in New Taipei City, Taiwan, including isolated ATSB farms and nonisolated ATSB farms. The result showed that mosquitoes exposed to the ATSB solution for 48 h were killed within 7 d under laboratory conditions. Exposure of female and male mosquitoes to ATSB resulted in mean survival times ranging from 52 to 62 h and 30 to 48 h, respectively. For field efficacy test, on isolated ATSB farms, a significant reduction of ovitrap density index (ODI) up to 24 % was noted after the replacement frequency was increased to every 2 weeks. However, the intervention efficacy on nonisolated ATSB farms had mixed results. The ODI significantly reduced by 21.4 % and 6.9 % on the nonisolated ATSB Chongmin and Nanjing farms, respectively, when bait replacement was done every 2 weeks instead of every 3 weeks. By contrast, the ODI on the nonisolated ATSB Yongchang farms increased significantly, irrespectively of the bait replacement frequency. Nevertheless, the total number of eggs trapped on all ATSB farms exhibited a concave curve pattern; while the mosquito population on non-ATSB control farms continued to increase over time. In conclusion, deploying simple ATSB stations containing boric acid is a practical approach for integrated vector management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chieh Chiu
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Kok-Boon Neoh
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - Shaw-Yhi Hwang
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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19
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Scott HR, Pearson CJ, Ealley LC, Boardman BM, Peters GM. Tuning glycerol plasticization of chitosan with boric acid. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:129304. [PMID: 38262823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Chitosan-based bioplastics are attractive biodegradable alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics. However, optimizing the properties of chitosan materials to fit a particular application or obtain a desired property is not a trivial feat. Here, we report the tunability of glycerol-plasticized chitosan films with the addition of boric acid. In combination, glycerol and boric acid form neutral complexes that alter the hydrogen-bonding face of the plasticizer and ultimately limit glycerol's ability to plasticize chitosan. Thus, we found that chitosan films containing glycerol-boric acid complexes were less flexible, had increased thermal transition temperatures, and showed more uniform morphologies. Structural, thermal, mechanical and morphological characterization was performed using ATR-FTIR, TGA and DSC, DMA, and SEM respectively. Molecular-level interactions of the neutral boron complexes and D-glucosamine, the repeat unit of chitosan, were also investigated used NMR and ATR-FTIR. The results of this work demonstrate the necessity of specific hydrogen-bonding interactions between the plasticizer and the polymer for effective plasticization, an important insight into the plasticization mechanism of chitosan films. Furthermore, the formation of complexes with glycerol is a novel and convenient method for tuning the physical properties of chitosan films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holli R Scott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, United States
| | - Connor J Pearson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, United States
| | - Logan C Ealley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, United States
| | - Brycelyn Marie Boardman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, United States.
| | - Gretchen Marie Peters
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, United States.
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20
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Turkez H, Tozlu OO, Arslan ME, Baba C, Saracoglu MM, Yıldız E, Tatar A, Mardinoglu A. Boric Acid and Borax Protect Human Lymphocytes from Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity Induced by 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04060-4. [PMID: 38216793 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
3-chloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD) is a member of the group of pollutants known as chloropropanols and is considered a genotoxic carcinogen. Due to the occurrence of 3-MCPD, which cannot be avoided in multiplexed food processes, it is necessary to explore novel agents to reduce or prevent the toxicity of 3-MCPD. Many recent studies on boron compounds reveal their superior biological roles such as antioxidant, anticancer, and antigenotoxic properties. In the current investigation, we have evaluated in vitro cytotoxic, oxidative, and genotoxic damage potential of 3-MCPD on human whole blood cultures and the alleviating effect of boric acid (BA) and borax (BX) for 72 h. In our in vitro experiments, we have treated blood cells with BA and BX (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/L) and 3-MCPD (at IC50 of 11.12 mg/l) for 72 h to determine the cytotoxic damage potential by using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays. Oxidative damage was assessed using total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Genotoxicity evaluations were performed using chromosome aberrations (CAs) and 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) assays. The result of our experiments showed that the 3-MCPD compound induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity in a clear concentration-dependent manner. BA and BX reduced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity induced by 3-MCPD. In conclusion, BA and BX are safe and non-genotoxic under the in vitro conditions and can alleviate cytotoxic, oxidative, and genetic damage induced by 3-MCPD in the human blood cells. Our findings suggest that dietary boron supplements may offer a novel strategy for mitigating hematotoxicity induced by xenobiotics, including 3-MCPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Ozdemir Tozlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Enes Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cem Baba
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Melik Saracoglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Edanur Yıldız
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Abdulgani Tatar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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21
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Wang J, Wei J, Guo D, Lv X, Wang B, Wang Y, Li J. Boron homeostasis affects Longan yield: a study of NIP and BOR boron transporter of two cultivars. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:9. [PMID: 38163908 PMCID: PMC10759464 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04689-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Essential micronutrient Boron (B) plays crucial roles in plant survival and reproduction but becomes toxic in higher quantities. Although plant cells have different B transport systems, B homeostasis is mainly maintained by two transporter protein families: B exporters (BOR) and nodulin-26-like intrinsic proteins (NIP). Their diversity and differential expression are responsible for varied B tolerance among plant varieties and species. Longan is a highly admired subtropical fruit with a rising market in China and beyond. In the present study, we cultured Shixia (SX) and Yiduo (YD), two differently characterized Longan cultivars, with foliar B spray. We analyzed their leaf physiology, fruit setting, B content, and boron transporter gene expression of various tissue samples. We also traced some of these genes' subcellular localization and overexpression effects. RESULTS YD and SX foliage share similar microstructures, except the mesophyll cell wall thickness is double in YD. The B spray differently influenced their cellular constituents and growth regulators. Gene expression analysis showed reduced BOR genes expression and NIP genes differential spatiotemporal expression. Using green fluorescent protein, two high-expressing NIPs, NIP1 and NIP19, were found to translocate in the transformed tobacco leaves' cell membrane. NIPs transformation of SX pollen was confirmed using magnetic beads and quantified using a fluorescence microscope and polymerase chain reaction. An increased seed-setting rate was observed when YD was pollinated using these pollens. Between the DlNIP1 and DlNIP19 transformed SX pollen, the former germinated better with increasing B concentrations and, compared to naturally pollinated plants, had a better seed-setting rate in YD♀ × SX♂. CONCLUSION SX and YD Longan have different cell wall structures and react differently to foliar B spray, indicating distinct B tolerance and management. Two B transporter NIP genes were traced to localize in the plasma membrane. However, under high B concentrations, their differential expression resulted in differences in Jasmonic acid content, leading to differences in germination rate. Pollination of YD using these NIPs transformed SX pollen also showed NIP1 overexpression might overcome the unilateral cross incompatibility between YD♀ × SX♂ and can be used to increase Longan production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Junbin Wei
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Dongliang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xinmin Lv
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Boyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jianguang Li
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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22
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Kocabay A, Taskin AC. Boric Acid Improved Cryopreserved Mouse Embryo Development. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-023-03990-9. [PMID: 38049706 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03990-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Boric acid (BA) is an essential trace element that is required to support the metabolic pathways in plants, humans, and animals. The present study investigates the in vitro development and quality of single-cell mouse embryos in a BA-added culture medium after cryopreservation using the solid-surface vitrification method. For this purpose, the pronuclear-stage embryos derived from superovulated C57Bl/6j mouse strains and the one-cell embryos were then cryopreserved using the solid-surface vitrification (SSV) method. After thawing, the embryos were cultured in a BA-added medium at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 environment until the blastocyst stage. The resulting in vitro development rates of the embryos in the control group, SSV group, and SSV + 1.62 × 10-4 μM BA group were 68.11% (36/59), 40.16% (16/48), and 64.92% (28/48) respectively, indicating that the BA supported the in vitro development of the embryos cryopreserved using the SSV method. Our results suggest that the addition of boric acid to the culture media increased the development rate of the embryos that were vitrified using the SSV method.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kocabay
- Animal Research Facility, Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A C Taskin
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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23
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Gür F, Cengiz M, Gür B, Cengiz O, Sarıçiçek O, Ayhancı A. Therapeutic role of boron on acrylamide-induced nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and testicular toxicity in rats: Effects on Nrf2/Keap-1 signaling pathway and oxidative stress. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127274. [PMID: 37562273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acrylamide (ACR) is a heat-related carcinogen used in cooking some foods as well as in other thermal treatments. The present study aims to investigate the possible protective effect of boron (BA) against ACR-induced toxicity of kidney, brain, heart, testis, and bladder tissues in rats. METHODS Rats have been divided into 5 equal groups: Control (saline), ACR (38.27 mg/kg), BA (20 mg/kg), BA+ ACR (10 mg/kg + ACR), and BA+ ACR (20 mg/kg BA+ACR). Kidney tissue from rats was collected and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. In addition, the kidneys of these animals, as well as the brain, heart, testes, and bladder tissues were examined for possible histological changes. Total Nrf2 and Keap-1 protein expression in kidney, heart, and testis tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS While significant increases in MDA levels were observed in the kidneys of rats receiving ACR alone, significant decreases in antioxidant markers (SOD and GSH) were observed. Besides, kidney, brain, heart, and testicular tissues were analyzed and damage was observed in the groups receiving ACR. However, no significant histologic changes were noted in the bladder tissue. Both dosages of BA in combination with ACR improved the changes in ACR-induced antioxidant tissue parameters. Despite the fact that MDA levels were decreased with these two dosages, histological structural abnormalities were found to be greatly improved. CONCLUSION Our results show that BA has a strong protective effect on ACR-induced multi-organ toxicity. The study results show that BA could be a potential element to reduce ACR toxicity to which we are often exposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Gür
- Department of Biochemistry, Vocational School of Health Services, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkiye
| | - Mustafa Cengiz
- Department of Elementary Education, Faculty of Education, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkiye.
| | - Bahri Gür
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkiye.
| | - Osman Cengiz
- Department of Cardiology, Eskişehir City Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkiye
| | - Osman Sarıçiçek
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkiye
| | - Adnan Ayhancı
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkiye
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24
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Hilal B, Eldem A, Oz T, Pehlivan M, Pirim I. Boric Acid Affects Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Oxidative Stress in ALL Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-023-03958-9. [PMID: 38015327 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03958-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia from early T-cell progenitors. Interest grows in creating less toxic agents and therapies for chemo-resistant T-ALL cancer. Recently, elemental boron has special properties useful in the creation of new drugs. Studies have revealed the cytotoxic properties of boric acid (BA) on cancer, but not fully understood. We aimed to investigate the effect of BA on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in the Jurkat cells. The effects of BA on cell viability were determined by 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay for 24-48-72 h. The impact of BA on apoptosis was analyzed by acridine orange/ethidium bromide. Expression of apoptosis regulatory genes (Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3-8-9) and apoptotic miRNA (miR-21) was used by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and the oxidative stress index (OSI) value were calculated for oxidative stress. We determined the cytotoxic activity of BA on Jurkat cells by using XTT and defined the IC50 concentration (802.7 μg/mL) of BA. The findings clearly show that BA inhibited Jurkat cell proliferation dose-dependently. BA induced apoptosis through downregulated anti-apoptotic genes, and upregulated pro-apoptotic genes. Additionally, we found that BA significantly reduced the expression of miR-21 (p<0.001). Our findings demonstrated that different doses of BA increased TAS levels while decreasing TOS levels in Jurkat cells. Our study suggests that BA might be potential anti-cancer agent candidate in ALL via inhibition of cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and reducing the amounts of anti-oxidants in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Büşra Hilal
- Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aslı Eldem
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tuba Oz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Melek Pehlivan
- Vocational School of Health Services, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ibrahim Pirim
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
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25
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İlhan AO, Can B, Kar F, Gündoğdu AÇ, Söğüt İ, Kanbak G. An Investigation into the Protective Effects of Various Doses of Boric Acid on Liver, Kidney, and Brain Tissue Damage Caused by High Levels of Acute Alcohol Consumption. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5346-5357. [PMID: 37219712 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Acute high-dose alcohol consumption can lead to oxidative stress, which can cause harm to organs. In this study we aim to determine whether administering boric acid (BA) can protect certain organs (liver, kidney, and brain) from the damaging effects of alcohol by reducing oxidative stress. We used 50 and 100 mg/kg of BA. Thirty-two Sprague Dawley (12-14-week-old) male rats in our study were separated into four groups (n=8); control, ethanol, ethanol+50 mg/kg BA, and ethanol+100 mg/kg BA groups. Acute ethanol was given to rats by gavage at 8 g/kg. BA doses were given by gavage 30 min before ethanol administration. Alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) measurements were made in blood samples. The total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), OSI (oxidative stress index) (TOS/TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were measured to determine the oxidative stress induced by high-dose acute ethanol in the liver, kidney, and brain tissue, and the antioxidant effects of BA doses. According to our biochemical results, acute high-dose ethanol increases oxidative stress in liver, kidney, and brain tissues, while BA reduces the damage in tissues with its antioxidant effect. For the histopathological examinations, hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed. As a result, we found that the effect of alcohol-induced oxidative stress on liver, kidney, and brain tissues was different, and that giving boric acid reduces the increased oxidative stress in tissues due to its antioxidant effect. It was found that 100mg/kg BA administration had a higher antioxidant effect than in the 50mg/kg group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Oğlakçı İlhan
- Eldivan Vocational School of Health Services, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey.
| | - Betül Can
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Fatih Kar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Çakır Gündoğdu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Söğüt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Demiroğlu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Güngör Kanbak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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26
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Kar E, Kar F, Can B, Çakır Gündoğdu A, Özbayer C, Koçak FE, Şentürk H. Prophylactic and Therapeutic Efficacy of Boric Acid on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Liver and Kidney Inflammation in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-023-03941-4. [PMID: 37910263 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03941-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
In our study, we aimed to examine possible prophylactic (P) or therapeutic (T) effects of boric acid (BA) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced liver and kidney damages. Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups as control, LPS, BAP+LPS, and LPS+BAT. BA was given orally to the rats one hour before the intraperitoneal LPS administration in the BAP+LPS group and one hour after the LPS administration in the LPS+BAT group. Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, reduced glutathione (GSH), total oxidant and antioxidant status (TOS and TAS), semaphorin-3A (SEMA3A), cytochrome c (CYCS), and caspase-3 (CASP3) parameters were determined by ELISA method to monitor inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the liver and kidney tissues of rats. In addition, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea, creatinine (CREA), C-reactive protein (CRP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), glucose (GLU), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chlorine (Cl) biochemical parameters were measured in rat serums to monitor liver and kidney functions. Liver and kidney tissues were also examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically. All data were statistically analyzed. Our histological, biochemical, inflammatory, oxidative stress, and apoptotic findings showed that LPS causes serious damage to liver and kidney tissues. Boric acid application brought about significant improvements on the parameters. However, this improvement was seen in the BAP+LPS group, and the results of the LPS+BAT group were insufficient to improve. Our results showed that boric acid administration is effective on severe liver and kidney damage caused by LPS. It has been concluded that prophylactic application is more effective, while therapeutic application is insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Kar
- Training and Research Center, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Kar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Betül Can
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Çakır Gündoğdu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Cansu Özbayer
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Fatma Emel Koçak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Hakan Şentürk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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27
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Hacioglu C, Tuncer C. Boric acid Increases Susceptibility to Chemotherapy by Targeting the Ferritinophagy Signaling Pathway in TMZ Resistant Glioblastoma Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-023-03930-7. [PMID: 37906374 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a common and highly lethal form of brain cancer. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the primary chemotherapy used for GBM, but it has limited effectiveness, with about half of the patients developing resistance. Iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) modulate genes involved in iron metabolism, while the nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) controls iron metabolism through a process called ferritinophagy. In this study, we investigated whether boric acid increases chemosensitivity mediated by ferritinophagy via the NCOA4 and IRP2 signaling pathways in TMZ-resistant GBM cells. First, we generated TMZ-resistant GBM cells (A172-R and T98G-R cells). Next, we investigated the effects of boric acid on cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle, and cell morphology in these cells. Additionally, following boric acid treatment, we analyzed the expression and protein levels of various biochemical markers in these cells. Boric acid treatment in A172-R and T98G-R cells suppressed cell viability and proliferation, arrested these cells in the G1/G0 cell cycle, and induced morphological differences. Boric acid increased NCOA4, IRP2, iron, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in A172-R and T98G-R cells, while glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) levels decreased. Moreover, boric acid treatment increased intracellular iron levels and lipid peroxidation by inducing NCOA4 and IRP2 expression levels in TMZ-resistant cells. According to our results, boric acid may regulate chemosensitivity in A172-R and T98G-R cells mediated by NCOA4 and IRP2. In conclusion, the manipulative effects of boric acid on the ferritinophagy pathway hold the potential to sensitize TMZ-resistant GBM cells to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyhan Hacioglu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey.
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey.
| | - Cengiz Tuncer
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey
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Onder GO, Goktepe O, Karaman E, Karakas E, Mat OC, Bolat D, Okur E, Tan FC, Balcioglu E, Baran M, Ermis M, Yay A. Nonylphenol Exposure-Induced Oocyte Quality Deterioration Could be Reversed by Boric Acid Supplementation in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:4518-4529. [PMID: 37043110 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03657-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we reported boric acid's protective effects on the quality of nonylphenol (NP)-exposed oocytes. Female rats were classified into 4 groups: control, boric acid, NP, and NP+boric acid. Histopathological studies and immunohistochemical analysis of anti-müllerian hormone (AMH), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), Sirtuin1 (SIRT1), stem cell factor (SCF) studies were done. The comet assay technique was utilized for DNA damage. The ELISA method was used to determine the concentrations of oxidative stress indicators (SOD, CAT, and MDA), ovarian hormone (INH-B), and inflammation indicators (IL-6 and TNF-α). Boric acid significantly reduced the histopathological alterations and nearly preserved the ovarian reserve. With the restoration of AMH and SCF, boric acid significantly improved the ovarian injury. It downregulated SIRT1 and upregulated the mTOR signaling pathway. It provided DNA damage protection. Ovarian SOD, CAT levels were decreased by boric acid. Boric acid co-administration significantly reduced NP's MDA, IL-6, and TNF-activities. This results imply that boric acid has a protective role in ovarian tissue against NP-mediated infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Ozge Onder
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Ozge Goktepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Enes Karaman
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Savur Prof Dr Aziz Sancar District State Hospital, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Erol Karakas
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kayseri State Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ozge Cengiz Mat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Demet Bolat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Eda Okur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fazile Canturk Tan
- Department of Biophysics, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Esra Balcioglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Munevver Baran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ermis
- Erciyes University, Experimental Researches and Application Center, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Arzu Yay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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29
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Yang X, Jin C, Yu K, Tian M. Immobilized horseradish peroxidase on boric acid modified polyoxometalate molecularly imprinted polymer for biocatalytic degradation of phenol in wastewater: Optimized immobilization, degradation and toxicity assessment. Environ Res 2023; 231:116164. [PMID: 37201706 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of phenol from wastewater is crucial for environmental protection. Biological enzymes, such as horseradish peroxidase (HRP), have shown great potential in the degradation of phenol. In this research, we prepared a hollow CuO/Cu2O octahedron adsorbent with a carambola matrix shape through the hydrothermal method. The surface of the adsorbent was modified by silane emulsion self-assembly, where 3-aminophenyl boric acid (APBA) and polyoxometalate (PW9) were combined with silanization reagents and grafted onto the surface. The adsorbent was then molecularly imprinted with dopamine to obtain boric acid modified polyoxometalate molecularly imprinted polymer (Cu@B@PW9@MIPs). This adsorbent was used to immobilize HRP, which served as a biological enzyme catalyst from horseradish. The adsorbent was characterized, and its synthetic conditions, experimental conditions, selectivity, reproducibility, and reusability were evaluated. The maximum adsorption amount of HRP under optimized conditions was 159.1 mg g-1, as determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). At pH 7.0, the immobilized enzyme showed a high efficiency of up to 90.0% in removing phenol, after 20 min of reaction with 25 mmol L-1 H2O2 and 0.20 mg mL-1 Cu@B@PW9@HRP. Growth tests of aquatic plants confirmed that the adsorbent reduced harm. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) tests revealed that the degraded phenol solution contained about fifteen phenol derivatives intermediates. This adsorbent has the potential to become a promising biological enzyme catalyst for dephenolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, PR China
| | - Kai Yu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, PR China.
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, PR China.
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Yilmaz İU, Koc A. Boron stress signal is transmitted through the TOR pathway. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127222. [PMID: 37270859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although boron is an essential element for many organisms, an excess amount of it can cause toxicity, and the mechanism behind this toxicity is not yet fully understood. The Gcn4 transcription factor plays a crucial role in the boron stress response by directly activating the expression of the boron efflux pump Atr1. More than a dozen transcription factors and multiple cell signaling pathways have roles in regulating the Gcn4 transcription factor under various circumstances. However, it is unknown which pathways or factors mediate boron signaling to Gcn4. Using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model, we analyzed the factors that converge on the Gcn4 transcription factor to assess their possible roles in boron stress signaling. Our findings show that the GCN system is activated by uncharged tRNA stress in response to boron treatment and that GCN1, which plays a role in transferring uncharged tRNAs to Gcn2, is necessary for the kinase activity of Gcn2. The SNF and PKA pathways were not involved in mediating boron stress, even though they interact with Gcn4. Mutations in TOR pathway genes, such as GLN3 and TOR1, abolished Gcn4 and ATR1 activation in response to boric acid treatment. Therefore, our study suggests that the TOR pathway must be functional to form a proper response against boric acid stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrem Uluisik Yilmaz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Iskenderun Technical University, Hatay 31200, Turkey; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Koc
- Department of Genetics, Inonu University School of Medicine, Malatya 44280, Turkey; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir 35430, Turkey.
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Erbasar GNH, Kaplan V, Cigerim L, Konarili FN, Sahin M. Effect of combined boric acid and chlorhexidine mouthwashes on postoperative complications and periodontal healing after impacted third molar surgery: a-double blind randomized study. Clin Oral Investig 2023:10.1007/s00784-023-04999-z. [PMID: 37010641 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04999-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of boric acid (BA) combined with chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash on postoperative complications and periodontal healing following impacted third molar surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 80 patients were randomly divided into eight groups. The patients in the study groups received different concentrations of BA ranging from 0.1% to 2.5% combined with CHX or 2% BA mouthwash alone. The control group received CHX mouthwash alone. The scores of self-reported pain and jaw dysfunction, trismus, edema, number of analgesics used, and periodontal parameters were compared between the groups. RESULTS 2.5% BA + CHX group had significantly lower pain and facial swelling values during the follow-up period. 2% BA + CHX group reported significantly lower jaw dysfunction scores on the fourth and fifth postoperative days. The control group showed significantly higher values for pain, jaw dysfunction, and facial swelling than other groups. No significant differences were found between the groups regarding trismus, analgesic use, and periodontal variables. CONCLUSIONS The combination of higher concentrations of BA with CHX was more effective in reducing pain, jaw dysfunction, and swelling following impacted third molar surgery than CHX mouthwash alone. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The combination of BA and CHX showed better results than the gold standard CHX mouthwash in reducing postoperative complications related to surgical removal of impacted third molars without any adverse effects. This new combination can be an effective alternative to traditional mouthwashes after impacted third molar surgery to ensure oral hygiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guzin Neda Hasanoglu Erbasar
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Volkan Kaplan
- Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tekirdag, Turkey.
| | - Levent Cigerim
- Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Van, Turkey
| | - Fatma Nur Konarili
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mukerrem Sahin
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Ankara, Turkey
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Duan C, Meng M, Huang H, Wang H, Ding H, Zhang Q. Adsorptivity and kinetics for low concentration of gaseous formaldehyde on bamboo-based activated carbon loaded with ammonium acetate particles. Environ Res 2023; 222:115364. [PMID: 36736757 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The highly promising formaldehyde (HCHO)-removing materials are essential for eliminating interior pollution to safeguard the public's health with increasing indoor HCHO contamination situations being recorded on a global scale. In the paper, bamboo charcoal (BC) was activated with boric acid to prepare bamboo-based activated carbon (BAC), and then impregnated with ammonium acetate solution to successfully develop porous adsorbent with ammonium acetate particles (N/BAC), which was applied to remove low concentration of HCHO at room temperature. The adsorption performance for HCHO was systematically investigated while the surface chemical properties and microstructure of the as-prepared adsorbents were described and analyzed. The specific surface area, total pore volume and microporous volume of N/BAC sample were 240.09 m2/g, 0.27 cm3/g and 0.12 cm3/g, which increased by 42.40 m2/g, 0.15 cm3/g and 0.03 cm3/g compared with BAC sample, respectively. The specific surface area and the microporous volume, as well as the content of oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups of N/BAC sample were augmented by contrast with other samples, and numerous ammonium acetate particles were present on the surface. Precisely because of this, the N/BAC sample exhibited a high removal rate of 98.89%, which was 18.38% greater than that of BAC sample. A superior correlation coefficient (0.9999) from the experimental values of the kinetics and the fitted values of the pseudo-second-order kinetic model demonstrated that the adsorption process of HCHO on N/BAC sample was physical-chemical combined adsorption. The adsorption of HCHO on N/BAC sample was investigated under different humidity, and the results showed that the adsorbent yet had excellent adsorption capacity (87.93%) under RH 75%. Moreover, the N/BAC sample was renewable, and the removal rate still reached 82.81% after five cycles of regeneration. Therefore, the as-prepared adsorbent is an effective, economical and sustainable material, and could be used to remove HCHO from real contaminated indoor air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaomin Duan
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Mianwu Meng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, China, Guilin, 541004, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - Huang Huang
- Guilin Huayue Entech Limited Company, Guilin, Guangxi, 541805, China.
| | - Heng Wang
- Guilin Huayue Entech Limited Company, Guilin, Guangxi, 541805, China.
| | - Hua Ding
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
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Chow K, Wooten D, Annepally S, Burke L, Edi R, Morris SR. Impact of (recurrent) bacterial vaginosis on quality of life and the need for accessible alternative treatments. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:112. [PMID: 36934289 PMCID: PMC10024842 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of the most common vaginal dysbiosis in women aged 15-44 years old. METHODS We administered a cross-sectional, single timepoint survey to women ages 18 years or older and who have had bacterial vaginosis (BV). Women completed an anonymous online survey evaluating the impact of BV on their quality of life, how effective different types of treatments were and the amount of self-diagnosed vs. provider diagnosed BV episodes they had. RESULTS 62 participants completed the anonymous online survey. With a self-reported median number of BV episodes in the past year was 4 (IQR 1-7). Among these women 69.8% reported BV had a negative impact on their sexual health, 67.7% on their physical health, 74.6% on their mental health. More than half of the respondents had used probiotics with oral Lactobacillus sp. (53.2%), mainly by oral route, and over a third had used vaginal boric acid (37.1%). Most women were unaware of Lactobacillus crispatus. Lactobacillus probiotics were more likely to be tried by women who were negatively impacted by BV for overall quality of life (p = 0.033), sexual health (p = 0.002), and mental health (p = 0.006) while boric acid use was more likely to be used by women who were negatively impacted by BV for their sexual health (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS BV is associated with negative quality of life and the women most impacted are seeking alternative treatments such as probiotics (Lactobacillus) and boric acid. There needs to be improvements in BV treatment that include alternative therapy options that have demonstrated efficacy with standardized composition, formulation and dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Chow
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Darcy Wooten
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sindhuja Annepally
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Leah Burke
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Rina Edi
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sheldon R Morris
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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Sato K, Kimoto H, Hayashita T, Hashimoto T. Electrochemical detection of boric acid using gallacetophenonato-(β-diketonato) ruthenium complex in water. ANAL SCI 2023:10.1007/s44211-023-00316-6. [PMID: 36930239 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00316-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
A simple and practical method for boron detection in water is desired in various fields such as seawater desalination, water conservation, and plant production. To develop a method for detecting boron as boric acid in water, we synthesized [Ru(acac)2(H2thap)] (acac = acetylacetonat ion, thap = 2',3',4'-trihydroxyacetophenonate (gallacetophenonate) ion) possessing a cis-diol moiety that interacts with boric acid. A comparison of UV-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectra measured in the presence and absence of boric acid at various pH values revealed that [Ru(acac)2(H2thap)] shows the highest response to boric acid at pH 8.5. Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) and differential pulse voltammograms (DPVs) of [Ru(acac)2(H2thap)] aqueous solution at pH 8.5 with varying boric acid concentrations showed a decrease in the peak current value at 0.032 V (vs. Ag|AgClaq.) and an increase in the peak current value at 0.444 V with increasing boric acid concentration. On the basis of the relationship between the ratio of current values (at 0.032 V and 0.444 V) and boric acid concentrations, the binding constant (assuming a 1:1 binding model) for the interaction between [Ru(acac)2(H2thap)] and boric acid was estimated to be 135.1 ± 9.1 mol-1 dm3, and the Limit of Detection (LOD) was calculated to be 1.03 mg B L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sato
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-Cho, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimoto
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-Cho, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Takashi Hayashita
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-Cho, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hashimoto
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-Cho, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan.
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Xu B, Dong F, Yang P, Wang Z, Yan M, Fang J, Zhang Y. Boric Acid Inhibits RANKL-Stimulated Osteoclastogenesis In Vitro and Attenuates LPS-Induced Bone Loss In Vivo. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1388-1397. [PMID: 35397103 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Boron and boric acid (BA) can promote osteogenic differentiation and reduce bone resorption, which controls bone growth and maintenance of bone tissue. It has been reported that BA activates PERK-eIF2α signaling to induce cytoplasmic stress granules and cell senescence in human prostate DU-145 cells. However, whether BA can affect osteoclasts formation and LPS-induced inflammatory bone loss, and the role of the PERK-eIF2α pathway in the process, remains unknown. In vitro, RAW264.7 cells were pre-treated with boric acid (BA, 1, 10, 100 μmol/L) for 4 h, and then incubated with receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL, 50 ng/mL) in the presence or absence of BA for 5 days. CCK-8 and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were used to examine cell viability, osteoclastogenesis, and bone resorption; quantitative real-time PCR was performed to examine mRNA levels of c-Fos, nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), TRAP, and cathepsin K; western blotting was used to examine protein expressions of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), phosphorylated PERK (p-PERK), eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), and phosphorylated eIF2α (p-eIF2α). In vivo, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone loss model in mice was established, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanning, bone biochemical analysis, and osteoclastogenic cytokines were detected to evaluate the effect of BA on LPS-induced bone loss. In our vitro results showed that BA treatment for 5 days inhibited osteoclasts formation as well as osteoclastic bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of osteoclasts marker genes c-Fos, NFATc1, TRAP, and cathepsin K were attenuated by BA. Immunoblotting analysis demonstrated that BA attenuated RANKL-induced PERK-eIF2α pathway activation. The in vivo data indicated that BA significantly prevented lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone loss. Our findings strongly suggest that BA may be a promising agent for the treatment of bone destructive diseases caused by excessive osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Xu
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanhe Dong
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Yang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Wang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yan
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, 1158 2nd Avenue, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Fang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China.
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Bozkurt SB, Nielsen FH, Hakki SS. Boric Acid Reverses Nicotine-Induced Cytokine Expressions of Human Gingival Fibroblasts. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1174-1180. [PMID: 35441257 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03243-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine, the major bioactive ingredient in tobacco, is a major risk factor for periodontal disease and destruction. Nicotine has been shown to stimulate the production of cytokines that are priming agents for inflammation that induces tissue destruction, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, by gingival keratinocytes and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Boron as boric acid has been found to decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines and increase anti-inflammatory cytokines in cells with inflammatory stress. Thus, a study was performed to determine whether boric acid reverses negative effects of nicotine on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). The viability and cytokine expressions of HGFs cultured for 24 and 72 h in control medium with no nicotine or boric acid added and in media containing only nicotine, only boric acid, or a combination of BA and nicotine were determined. Nicotine in concentrations of 10-1, 10-2, 10-3,10-4, 10-5, and 10-6 mM significantly reduced cell viability compared to the control. Boric acid at 10 and 50 ng/mL in the media partially restored and 100 ng/mL in the media fully restored the nicotine-depressed HGF cell viability to the same level as the control group. Nicotine elevated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-17 and decreased the anti-inflammatory IL-10 in HGFs at 24 and 72 h. Boric acid at 100 ng/mL in the medium prevented the changes induced by nicotine alone. The findings indicate that boric acid can inhibit or reverse nicotine-induced pathology in periodontal tissue and thus may help maintain oral and periodontal health in tobacco users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serife Buket Bozkurt
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey.
| | - Forrest H Nielsen
- Research Nutritionist Consultant, 3000 Belmont Road, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Sema S Hakki
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Özkoç M, Can B, Şentürk H, Burukoğlu Dönmez D, Kanbak G. Possible Curative Effects of Boric Acid and Bacillus clausii Treatments on TNBS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1237-1251. [PMID: 35349007 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03215-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are two chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Although there are several treatment options available to improve the symptoms of IBD patients, there is no effective treatment that provides a definitive solution. In the present study, we aim to investigate the antioxidative/anti-inflammatory effects of oral administration of boric acid and Bacillus clausii in a rat trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis model. The effects of boric acid and B. clausii were examined in serum and colon tissues with the help of some biochemical and histological analyses. Elevated inflammation and oxidative damage were found in the blood and colon tissue samples in the TNBS-induced group according to the complete blood count (CBC), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, interleukin-35 (IL-35), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), and histological findings. Particularly, the highest IL-35 level (70.09 ± 12.62 ng/mL) in the combined treatment group, highest catalase activity (5322 ± 668.1 U/mg protein) in the TNBS-induced group, and lower relative expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the TNBS-induced group than the control group were striking findings. According to our results, it can be concluded that boric acid showed more curative effects, even if B. clausii probiotics was partially ameliorative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mete Özkoç
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Cyprus.
| | - Betül Can
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Hakan Şentürk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Dilek Burukoğlu Dönmez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Güngör Kanbak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Agergaard CN, Jensen JM, Klein K, Rosenvinge FS, Stærk K. A comparative evaluation of commercial boric acid containers for preserving microorganisms in urine specimens. Clin Microbiol Infect 2023; 29:401-403. [PMID: 36470523 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie May Jensen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kasper Klein
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Flemming Schønning Rosenvinge
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kristian Stærk
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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da Costa RR, Freitas RDS, da Cunha G, de Oliveira SD, Weber JBB. Antimicrobial and bone repair effects of boric acid in a rat model of dry socket (alveolar osteitis) following dental extraction. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 76:127118. [PMID: 36516573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolitis occurs after dental extraction without blood clot formation, leading to an inflammatory process and bacterial contamination. Boric acid (BA) demonstrates anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and osteogenic properties. This study aims to evaluate the possible antimicrobial effects and bone repair of BA in a rat model of alveolitis (dry socket). METHODS 33 male Wistar rats were submitted to the extraction of the upper right incisor and dry socket induction. They were first divided into two groups: dry socket (n = 17) and dry socket + 0.75 % BA (n = 16). Samples for the microbiological analysis were collected immediately after dental extraction, at the detection of clinical alveolitis, 7, and 14 days after BA application. For microCT and histological analysis, samples from euthanized rats were used in 14 and 28 days after alveolitis detection. RESULTS Higher bacterial counts were found in 4-5 days after alveolitis induction, compared to the baseline in both experimental groups, decreasing significantly after 7 and 14 days of treatment with BA (P < 0.05). The microCT evaluation displayed increased bone volume, bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, and bone mineral density in a time-dependent manner, regardless of BA treatment. On the other hand, the number of trabeculae and total bone porosity decreased over the 28 days of the experiment in the dry-socket group and both groups, respectively (P < 0.05). Histological analysis did not differ on bone repair in both experimental groups. CONCLUSION This was the first report investigating the effects of BA in a rat model of alveolitis regarding microbiological and bone repair aspects. The BA local application decreased the total aerobic and facultative bacteria counts and does not seem to benefit the bone repair after alveolitis development. This study paves the way for more studies involving alveolitis and different BA applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan R da Costa
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel D S Freitas
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, School of Medicine, Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Nutrition Thinking® Co., Tecnopuc, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela da Cunha
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sílvia D de Oliveira
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - João B B Weber
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Gol F, Kacar E, Saritas ZG, Cibuk S, Ture C, Arslan M, Sen F. The use of boron based materials on efficiency of environmentally friendly porous ceramics. Environ Res 2023; 216:114454. [PMID: 36228687 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the use of boron-based materials on efficiency of environmentally friendly porous ceramics was investigated. In this context, a glaze formulation was created that uses high amounts of frit and sintered at low temperatures. Boric acid and colemanite were added to glaze formulations and different alternative formulations were created by reducing the frit percentage. These materials were added to these glaze formulations in two different ways, calcined and raw. The glaze mixtures obtained from the formulations were applied on the ceramic body and fired at 950-1000-1020-1100-1200 °C in the laboratory oven. Crystal phase structures of glaze samples containing boric acid and colemanite were analyzed by X-Ray Crystallography (XRD) method. The surface properties and characterizations of the obtained samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differential Thermal Analysis and Thermogravimetric analysis (DTA/TG) were performed to determine their thermal behavior and mass loss. As a result of the analysis, it was observed that boron derivatives are a good flux agent and do not have a negative effect on the surface and other technical properties of the glaze. In the formulations of glazes with high frit content and processed at low temperatures, the percentage of frit has been reduced and costs have been improved. Also, energy costs were improved with the reduction in firing temperatures. Considering the energy and raw material costs of this study, it is predicted that high efficiency will be achieved in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Gol
- Keramika Research Group, Keramika Ceramics, Ünsa Mining, Tourism, Energy, Ceramics, Forest Products, Electricity Production Industry, Kutahya, Turkey.
| | - Emre Kacar
- Keramika Research Group, Keramika Ceramics, Ünsa Mining, Tourism, Energy, Ceramics, Forest Products, Electricity Production Industry, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Gizem Saritas
- Keramika Research Group, Keramika Ceramics, Ünsa Mining, Tourism, Energy, Ceramics, Forest Products, Electricity Production Industry, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Selin Cibuk
- Keramika Research Group, Keramika Ceramics, Ünsa Mining, Tourism, Energy, Ceramics, Forest Products, Electricity Production Industry, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Ture
- Keramika Research Group, Keramika Ceramics, Ünsa Mining, Tourism, Energy, Ceramics, Forest Products, Electricity Production Industry, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Melek Arslan
- Keramika Research Group, Keramika Ceramics, Ünsa Mining, Tourism, Energy, Ceramics, Forest Products, Electricity Production Industry, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Fatih Sen
- Sen Research Group, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Biochemistry, Dumlupinar University, Kutahya, Turkey.
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Çoban FK, İnce S, Demirel HH, İslam İ, Aytuğ H. Acetaminophen-Induced Nephrotoxicity: Suppression of Apoptosis and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Using Boric Acid. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:242-249. [PMID: 35020164 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is one of the popular and safe pain medications worldwide. However, due its wide availability, it is frequently implicated in intentional or unintentional overdoses where it can cause severe liver injury and even acute liver failure. Boron is a bioactive trace element, found naturally as boric acid (BA) and borate. In this study, the effects of boric acid on the acute renal toxicity induced by APAP in rats were researched in comparison with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). In the study, 7 groups were formed and 2 g/kg dose of paracetamol per rat was prepared by suspending in 1% Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) solution of phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Boric acid dissolved in saline was administered to experimental animals by gavage at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg. In this study, ER stress and apoptosis formed by paracetamol-induced nephrotoxicity were investigated. This purpose determined iNOS, PERK, ATF6, NFkB p53, caspases 3, 12, bcl-2, and bcl-xL gene mRNA expression kidney tissue. Also, the levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), Cysteine (Cys), and IL-18 levels, which are mentioned today as kidney damage markers were compared with BUN and creatine levels. The effect of boron on kidney damage was determined by histopathologic. Data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS-20 ANOVA and stated as means and standard deviation. According to the data obtained in our study, we believe that boric acid has a protective effect on the negative effects of paracetamol on the kidney. We believe that our study will provide useful data to the literature on the possibility of a supplement to be used as an active compound in paracetamol for the prophylaxis of boric acid and it can also be converted into a useful product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Karabağ Çoban
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Uşak University, 64200, Usak, Turkey.
| | - Sinan İnce
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03030, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Hasan Hüseyin Demirel
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03030, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - İzzet İslam
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Uşak University, 64200, Usak, Turkey
| | - Hande Aytuğ
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Uşak University, 64200, Usak, Turkey
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42
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Yang Z, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Mao Y, Wu J, Chen S, Fan R, Yu Z. Torrefaction characteristics of cellulose loaded with boric acid. Carbohydr Res 2023; 523:108709. [PMID: 36368078 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
To explore the catalytic effect of boric acid on biomass, cellulose loaded with boric acid was roasted by a tubular furnace. The gaseous products were adsorbed by activated carbon and then analyzed by GC-MS. Boric acid was shown to improve the selectivity of the product levoglucosenone (LGO). The effects of the parameters such as boric acid loading, nitrogen flow, and temperature on the torrefaction behavior of cellulose were investigated. In the studied temperature range of 240-420 °C, the yield of LGO first increases and then decreases. In addition, its yield increases directly with increasing nitrogen flow rate. The results show that the highest LGO yield of 6.64% (analytical value) can be obtained under 10% (w/w) boric acid loading, 380 °C and nitrogen flow rate of 65 ml/min conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Yang
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China; College of Resources and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Yaochao Zhang
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Xinfeng Zhu
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Yanli Mao
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Junfeng Wu
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Songtao Chen
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Ruimei Fan
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory for Brain Function and Injury, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Zhisheng Yu
- College of Resources and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
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Karaca U, Pinar SG, Savran M, Usta G, İlhan İ, Ozkaya D, Avci M. The Possible Protective Effect of Boric Acid in an Alkaline-Induced Corneal Neovascularization Rat Model. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:5127-5133. [PMID: 34988929 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03094-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It is known that boric acid (BA) exerts it antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by activating the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. This pathway has been reported to control antioxidant status in the eye. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible preventive effects of boric acid administration on oxidative damage and corneal neovascularization (CNV). Sixteen adult female Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups: (I) control (n = 8); the CNV model was applied to the right eye of the rats, and the left eyes were used as healthy controls. (II) CNV + BA (n = 8): After the CNV model was applied to the right eyes, a single subconjunctival dose (0.05 mL) of 0,018 g/mL BA was injected into the right and left eyes of the rats. Biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Moderate VEGF positivity was observed in the vessels of the CNV group, a decrease in vessel proliferation, and weak VEGF positivity in the CNV + BA group. The TAS level in the CNV + BA group was significantly higher than that in the other groups. The TOS level was significantly higher in all groups than it is in the control group. The OSI value was increased in all groups when compared to the control group, but only the CNV and BA groups were statistically significant. BA not only reduced alkaline-induced corneal damage histologically but also showed a protective effect on oxidative stress biochemically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Karaca
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Isparta Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Sıla Gulbag Pinar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isparta Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Savran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Isparta Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Gulsah Usta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Isparta Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - İlter İlhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Isparta Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Dilek Ozkaya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Isparta Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mesut Avci
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Isparta Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Yıldız K, Makav M, Adalı Y, Bulut M. Therapeutic Effects of Boric Acid in a Septic Arthritis Model Induced by Escherichia coli in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4762-4770. [PMID: 35034263 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of boric acid (BA) in experimentally induced septic arthritis. A total of 30 rats, 6 rats in each group (5 groups), were used in the study. No treatment was applied to the rats in the control group. Only BA was administered intraperitoneally (IP) to the rats in the bor group. Escherichia coli was administered at a single dose of 25 μL, 1 × 1010 cfu/rat from the right foot pad of the rats, via intra-articular route, to the mice in the arthritis, arthritis-bor, and arthritis-antb groups. Then, BA at a dose of 50 mg/kg and cefazolin at a dose of 25 mg/kg were administered to the rats in the arthritis-bor and arthritis-antb groups, respectively, for 7 days via the IP route. At the end of the study, all animals were euthanized following the ethical rules. Blood and tissue samples were taken from the rats for biochemical and histopathological analyses. The levels of GSH, MDA, Endoglin, Endocan, and TNF-β markers were measured in the blood samples taken. A significant decrease was observed in MDA and Endoglin levels in the boric acid-administered group compared with the arthritis group, while a significant increase was observed at the GSH level. Histopathologically, it was determined that the reactive surrounding tissue response in the bor group was significantly reduced. As a result, a significant decrease in inflammation was found biochemically and histopathologically in the groups treated with BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadri Yıldız
- Orthopeadia and Traumatology Department, Kafkas University Medical School, Ana Kampüs, 36000, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Makav
- Physiology Department, Kafkas University Veterinary School, Kars, Turkey
| | - Yasemen Adalı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Menekşe Bulut
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Igdır University, Igdır, Turkey
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Cengiz M, Ayhanci A, Akkemik E, Şahin İK, Gür F, Bayrakdar A, Cengiz BP, Musmul A, Gür B. The role of Bax/Bcl-2 and Nrf2-Keap-1 signaling pathways in mediating the protective effect of boric acid on acrylamide-induced acute liver injury in rats. Life Sci 2022; 307:120864. [PMID: 35940215 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to investigate whether boric acid (BA) can protect rats from acrylamide (AA)-induced acute liver injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS AA was used to induce acute liver injury. Thirty rats were divided into five group including Group 1 (saline), Group 2 (AA), Group 3 (20 mg/kg BA), Group 4 (10 mg/kg BA+AA) and Group 5 (20 mg/kg BA+AA). Their blood and liver were harvested to be kept for analysis. Liver function enzyme activities were performed by spectrophotometric method. Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde levels were determined by colorimetric method. The in-silico studies were performed using the "blind docking" method. RESULTS Administration AA to rats, biochemical parameters, liver histology, and expression levels of apoptotic markers were negatively affected. However, after the administration of BA, the altered biochemical parameters, liver histology, and expression levels of apoptotic markers were reversed. Moreover, the mechanisms of AA-induced deterioration in the levels of SOD, CAT, and Nrf2-Keap-1 and the mechanisms of the protective effect of BA against these deteriorations were explained by in silico studies. CONCLUSION Thus, the present study could explain the interactions between AA and thiol-containing amino acid residues of Keap-1, the effect of BA on these interactions, and the biochemical toxicity caused by the AA. In this sense, this work is the first of its kind in the literature. Based on the biochemical, histopathological, and in silico results, it can be suggested that BA has the potential to be used as a protective agent against AA-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Cengiz
- Department of Elementary Education, Faculty of Education, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey.
| | - Adnan Ayhanci
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ebru Akkemik
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | | | - Fatma Gür
- Department of Biochemistry, Vocational School of Health Services, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Alpaslan Bayrakdar
- Vocational School of Higher Education for Healthcare Services, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Betül Peker Cengiz
- Department of Pathology, Eskişehir Yunus Emre State Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Musmul
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Bahri Gür
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey.
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46
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Kahraman E, Göker E. Boric acid exert anti-cancer effect in poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibition of AKT signaling pathway. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127043. [PMID: 35868168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The possible anti-cancer properties of boron, a trace element for humans, have been demonstrated in various experimental and epidemiological studies, although the effects of boron on liver cancer are unclear. In the present study we evaluate the effects of boric acid on the cell lines of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of the liver, as the leading form of liver cancer, for which a poorly-differentiated HCC cell line (Mahlavu cell line) was used. METHODS The anti-cancer effect of boric acid was investigated with a cell viability assay, apoptosis analysis, cell migration analysis, cell morphology analysis, colony formation assay and 3D cell culture techniques. Also, the effect of boric acid on the AKT signaling pathway was determined through a western blot analysis. RESULTS Boric acid was found to reduce cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and decreased survival, colony formation ability, migration capability and HCC cell tumor spheroid growth in HCC cell lines, while also inducing apoptosis, autophagy and morphological alteration. Furthermore, boric acid inhibited AKT phosphorylation, and anticancer biological responses in HCC cells were observed only in cells in which AKT phosphorylation was suppressed by boric acid. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that boric acid might be a promising therapeutic candidate in hepatocellular carcinoma via the inhibition of AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Kahraman
- Ege University, Research and Application Center of Individualized Medicine, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, Atatürk Vocational School of Health Services, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Erdem Göker
- Ege University, Research and Application Center of Individualized Medicine, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Oncology, Izmir, Turkey.
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47
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Can B, Kar F, Kar E, Özkoç M, Şentürk H, Dönmez DB, Kanbak G, Alataş İÖ. Conivaptan and Boric Acid Treatments in Acute Kidney Injury: Is This Combination Effective and Safe? Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3723-3737. [PMID: 34676519 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02977-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury is still a worldwide clinic problem that affects kidney function and associated with high mortality risk. Unfortunately, approximately 1.7 million people are thought to die from acute kidney injury each year. Boron element is defined as an "essential trace element" for plants and thought to have a widespread role in living organisms. Boric acid, which is one of the important forms of boron, has been extensively discussed for both medicinal and nonmedicinal purposes. However, there is a lack of data in the literature to examine the relationship between boric acid and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) antagonism in kidney injury. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of conivaptan as an ADH antagonist and boric acid as an antioxidant agent on the post-ischemic renal injury process. In this study, the unilateral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury rat model with contralateral nephrectomy was performed and blood/kidney tissue samples were taken at 6th hours of reperfusion. The effects of 10 mg/mL/kg conivaptan and 50 mg/kg boric acid were examined with the help of some biochemical and histological analyses. We observed that conivaptan generally alleviated the destructive effects of I/R and has therapeutic effects. Also of note is that conivaptan and boric acid combination tended to show negative effects on kidney function, considering the highest BUN (78.46 ± 3.88 mg/dL) and creatinine levels (1.561 ± 0.1018 mg/dL), suggesting possibly drug-drug interaction. Although it has reported that conivaptan can interact with other active substances, no experimental/clinical data on the possible interaction with boric acid have reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Can
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Kar
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Kar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Mete Özkoç
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Hakan Şentürk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Dilek Burukoğlu Dönmez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Güngör Kanbak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Özkan Alataş
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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48
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Yusuf ZS, Uysal TK, Simsek E, Nocentini A, Osman SM, Supuran CT, Özensoy Güler Ö. The inhibitory effect of boric acid on hypoxia-regulated tumour-associated carbonic anhydrase IX. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1340-1345. [PMID: 35535546 PMCID: PMC9103596 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2072837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (EC 4.2.1.1) catalyse the reversible hydration of CO2 into bicarbonate and protons. As a hypoxia-sensitive and tumour-associated isoform, isoform CA IX, is significantly overexpressed in various malignancies, being a validated target for new anticancer/antimetastatic drugs. A multitude of studies has shown that CA IX inhibition decreases cancer cell proliferation and metastasis through pHe/pHi modulation and enhancement of ferroptosis among others. Numerous studies demonstrated increased efficacy of cytotoxic drugs combined with CA inhibitors (CAIs) in various cancer types. We tested the inhibitory effect of boric acid (BA), an inorganic Lewis acid, on CA IX as well as other isoforms (CA I, II, and XII). BA acted as a millimolar in vitro CAI, decreased proliferation of two cancer cell lines, although not strong correlations between the in vitro inhibition and in vivo effects were observed. The mechanism of antiproliferative action of BA should be investigated in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Saad Yusuf
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tugba Kevser Uysal
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ender Simsek
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Sameh Mohamed Osman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Özen Özensoy Güler
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
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Sevimli M, Bayram D, Özgöçmen M, Armağan I, Semerci Sevimli T. Boric acid suppresses cell proliferation by TNF signaling pathway mediated apoptosis in SW-480 human colon cancer line. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 71:126958. [PMID: 35219976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers. Treatment success and survival rates are not high enough with current approaches. Therefore, there is a need to develop new agents and treatment methods. Boric acid is the most frequently observed form of boron. Some epidemiological data suggest that environmental exposure to boric acid reduces the incidence of prostate cancer in men, cervical and lung cancers in women. Experimental studies show, boric acid reduces cell proliferation and stimulates apoptosis in some prostate, melanoma, breast cancer cell lines. In this study, it was investigated whether boric acid could be a new candidate molecule that could be used in the treatment of colon cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of boric acid on human colon adenocarcinoma cell line SW-480 were investigated with BrdU, TUNEL, Caspase-3, and AIF immunohistochemical studies in both 2D and 3D culture systems. In addition, a qRT-PCR study was carried out to determine the expression changes in key genes that take part in apoptosis. RESULTS We observed that boric acid suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis both in 2D and 3D culture conditions. In addition, as a result of qRt-PCR studies, it was revealed that the observed apoptotic process was related to the TNF signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Boric acid can be considered as a potential anti-cancer agent candidate for colon cancer treatment. DATA AVAILABILITY All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Sevimli
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Dilek Bayram
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Meltem Özgöçmen
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Ilkay Armağan
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Semerci Sevimli
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Institue of Health Sciences, Department of Stem Cell, Eskisehir, Turkey; Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production Application and Research Center (ESTEM), Eskisehir, Turkey
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50
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Silva ARR, Gonçalves SF, Pavlaki MD, Morgado RG, Soares AMVM, Loureiro S. Mixture toxicity prediction of substances from different origin sources in Daphnia magna. Chemosphere 2022; 292:133432. [PMID: 34968511 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Due to several anthropogenic activities, water bodies have been heavily impacted by contaminants identified in aquatic ecosystems, including pharmaceuticals, personal care products, agricultural and industrial chemicals. Risk assessment based on chemical mixtures is still default in many monitoring studies, with decisions being based solely on a chemical-by-chemical basis. The present study aimed to improve risk assessment procedures in water bodies by focusing on mixtures of chemical substances of different origins. The goal was to analyze potential interactions occurring at different complexity levels (binary and quaternary mixtures) using standardised toxicity assays. Mixture toxicity effects were assessed using Daphnia magna as the model organism and the compounds sodium fluoride, boric acid, ammonium hydroxide and acetaminophen as general representatives of contaminants in the aquatic ecosystem. The results revealed interactions between the compounds, mainly showing antagonism but also dose level and dose ratio-dependent deviations. Overall antagonism was the dominant deviation pattern, particularly at low doses, though synergism was also detected at higher doses or specific ratios. Synergism at low doses was found for the binary mixture of ammonium hydroxide and acetaminophen, two common pollutants, which denotes an enhanced risk to aquatic ecosystems. Independent Action provided more accurate predictions for the quaternary mixture, whereas Concentration Addition overestimated the toxicity of the mixture. Regarding the environmental risk assessment of water bodies, the interaction between chemicals in a mixture should not be neglected. The complexity of the mixture interactions found in the present study highlights the importance of complementing chemical screenings of water bodies with mixture toxicity data, particularly when considering chemicals of multiple origins whose joint action remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita R Silva
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Sandra F Gonçalves
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria D Pavlaki
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui G Morgado
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
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