1
|
Zeiner M, Juranović Cindrić I, Nemet I, Šola I, Fiedler H. Chemometric evaluation of inorganic and organic parameters found in Rosaceae plants proposed as food supplements. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101248. [PMID: 38444555 PMCID: PMC10912348 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This study discusses the organic and inorganic composition of young inflorescence tissues of seven medical plants from the Prunus, Malus, and Chaenomeles families. These plants contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant and cytotoxic properties, and the study determined 29 elements, including essential and potentially harmful ones, established correlations with inorganic and organic compounds, as well as antioxidative and cytotoxic effects. The elemental patterns show that the plants contribute beneficial essential elements to the human diet. The levels of toxic elements in the plants are within safe limits set by the World Health Organization for medicinal herbs. The results confirmed genus- and species-specific uptake and accumulation. Positive correlations between d-block metals and alkaline earth metals in the inflorescences were found alongside statistically significant differences between analyte categories regarding macro-, micro- and trace elements and bioactive compounds. These correlations need to be considered when giving dietary recommendations or advice for uses as home-remedies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Zeiner
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan, 1 70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Iva Juranović Cindrić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Nemet
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Šola
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Heidelore Fiedler
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan, 1 70182 Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Park M, Yu JY, Ko JA, Park HJ. Application of UV-Vis-NIR and FTIR spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics for quality prediction of katsuobushi based on the number of smoking treatments. Food Chem 2024; 442:138604. [PMID: 38306767 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Katsuobushi, a smoked, dried skipjack tuna, is a traditional Japanese food additive with a unique flavor and taste. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy (UV-Vis-NIR) combined with chemometric methods were evaluated the quality of katsuobushi according to the number of smoking treatments. Using GC-MS, 46 metabolites were identified and five metabolites were selected as key compounds. All samples were classified according to their smoking number via principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares-discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of the FTIR and NIR spectra. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis revealed that the FTIR and NIR spectra were highly correlated with the metabolites by GC-MS. These results demonstrated the potential of using the FTIR and NIR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics to assess the quality of katsuobushi based on the smoking treatments, with NIR spectroscopy showed particularly promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Daewang Co. Ltd, 132, Beompyeong-ro, Chodong-myeon, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Yu
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, USA
| | - Jung A Ko
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Jin Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abba SI, Yassin MA, Shah SMH, Egbueri JC, Elzain HE, Agbasi JC, Saini G, Usaman J, Khan NA, Aljundi IH. Trace element pollution tracking in the complex multi-aquifer groundwater system of Al-Hassa oasis (Saudi Arabia) using spatial, chemometric and index-based techniques. Environ Res 2024; 249:118320. [PMID: 38331148 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
In a global context, trace element pollution assessment in complex multi-aquifer groundwater systems is important, considering the growing concerns about water resource quality and sustainability worldwide. This research addresses multiple objectives by integrating spatial, chemometric, and indexical study approaches, for assessing trace element pollution in the multi-aquifer groundwater system of the Al-Hassa Oasis, Saudi Arabia. Groundwater sampling and analysis followed standard methods. For this purpose, the research employed internationally recognized protocols for groundwater sampling and analysis, including standardized techniques outlined by regulatory bodies such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Average values revealed that Cr (0.041) and Fe (2.312) concentrations surpassed the recommended limits for drinking water quality, posing serious threats to groundwater usability by humans. The trace elemental concentrations were ranked as: Li < Mn < Co < As < Mo < Zn < Al < Ba < Se < V < Ni < Cr < Cu < B < Fe < Sr. Various metal(loid) pollution indices, including degree of contamination, heavy metal evaluation index, heavy metal pollution index, and modified heavy metal index, indicated low levels of groundwater pollution. Similarly, low values of water pollution index and weighted arithmetic water quality index were observed for all groundwater points, signifying excellent groundwater quality for drinking and domestic purposes. Spatial distribution analysis showed diverse groundwater quality across the study area, with the eastern and western parts displaying a less desirable quality, while the northern has the best, making water users in the former more vulnerable to potential pollution effects. Thus, the zonation maps hinted the necessity for groundwater quality enhancement from the western to the northern parts. Chemometric analysis identified both human activities and geogenic factors as contributors to groundwater pollution, with human activities found to have more significant impacts. This research provides the scientific basis and insights for protecting the groundwater system and ensuring efficient water management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S I Abba
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamed A Yassin
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia; College of Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Syed Muzzamil Hussain Shah
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Johnbosco C Egbueri
- Department of Geology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Nigeria.
| | - Hussam Eldin Elzain
- Water Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. 50, AlKhoud 123, Oman.
| | - Johnson C Agbasi
- Department of Geology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Nigeria.
| | - Gaurav Saini
- Department of Civil Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Delhi, India.
| | - Jamilu Usaman
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem A Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Isam H Aljundi
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kaimuangpak K, Rosalina R, Thumanu K, Weerapreeyakul N. Macromolecules with predominant β-pleated sheet proteins in extracellular vesicles released from Raphanus sativus L. var. caudatus Alef microgreens induce DNA damage-mediated apoptosis in HCT116 colon cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132001. [PMID: 38702007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Plant-derived bioactive macromolecules (i.e., proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) were prepared as extracellular vesicles (EVs). Plant-derived EVs are gaining pharmaceutical research interest because of their bioactive components and delivery properties. The spherical nanosized EVs derived from Raphanus sativus L. var. caudatus Alef microgreens previously showed antiproliferative activity in HCT116 colon cancer cells from macromolecular compositions (predominantly proteins). To understand the mechanism of action, the biological activity studies, i.e., antiproliferation, cellular biochemical changes, DNA conformational changes, DNA damage, apoptotic nuclear morphological changes, apoptosis induction, and apoptotic pathways, were determined by neutral red uptake assay, synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, comet assay, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, flow cytometry, and caspase activity assay, respectively. EVs inhibited HCT116 cell growth in concentration- and time-dependent manners, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 675.4 ± 33.8 μg/ml at 48 h and a selectivity index of 1.5 ± 0.076. HCT116 treated with EVs mainly changed the cellular biochemical compositions in the nucleic acids and carbohydrates region. The DNA damage caused no changes in DNA conformation. The apoptotic nuclear morphological changes were associated with the increased apoptotic cell population. The apoptotic cell death was induced by both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. EVs have potential as antiproliferative bioparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karnchanok Kaimuangpak
- Graduate School (Research and Development in Pharmaceuticals Program), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Reny Rosalina
- Graduate School (Biomedical Sciences Program), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Kanjana Thumanu
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
| | - Natthida Weerapreeyakul
- Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Viana LM, Rodrigues FSR, Santos MCB, Lima ADS, Nabeshima EH, Leite MDO, Martins MA, Carvalho CWPD, Maltarollo VG, Azevedo L, Ferreira MSL, Martino HSD, Felisberto MHF, Barros FARD. Green banana (Musa ssp.) mixed pulp and peel flour: A new ingredient with interesting bioactive, nutritional, and technological properties for food applications. Food Chem 2024; 451:139506. [PMID: 38703733 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize and evaluate the in vitro bioactive properties of green banana pulp (GBPF), peel (GBPeF), and mixed pulp/peel flours M1 (90/10) and M2 (80/20). Lipid concentration was higher in GBPeF (7.53%), as were the levels of free and bound phenolics (577 and 653.1 mg GAE/100 g, respectively), whereas the resistant starch content was higher in GBPF (44.11%). Incorporating up to 20% GBPeF into the mixed flour had a minor effect on the starch pasting properties of GBPF. GBPeF featured rutin and trans-ferulic acid as the predominant free and bound phenolic compounds, respectively. GBPF presented different major free phenolics, though it had similar bound phenolics to GBPeF. Both M1 and M2 demonstrated a reduction in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Consequently, this study validates the potential of green banana mixed flour, containing up to 20% GBPeF, for developing healthy foods and reducing post-harvest losses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Millena Cristina Barros Santos
- Laboratory of Bioactives, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bordeaux Metabolome-MetaboHUB, INRAE Bordeaux Nouvelle-Aquitaine, UMR1332 BFP, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Amanda Dos Santos Lima
- Nutritional and Toxicological Analyses in vivo Laboratory (LANTIN), Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Márcio Arêdes Martins
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Vinícius Gonçalves Maltarollo
- Pharmaceutical Products Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciana Azevedo
- Nutritional and Toxicological Analyses in vivo Laboratory (LANTIN), Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Mariana Simões Larraz Ferreira
- Laboratory of Bioactives, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Quintelas C, Rodrigues C, Sousa C, Ferreira EC, Amaral AL. Cookie composition analysis by Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy coupled to chemometric analysis. Food Chem 2024; 435:137607. [PMID: 37778254 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The consumption ofcookies is ever growing and during the COVID-19 pandemic reached record consumption values and it is imperative to guarantee the quality and safety of the products.Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy, combined with chemometric techniques, provides a promising solution in that regard, due to its speed and simple sample preparation. The objective of this study was to investigate the possibilities of using FT-NIR to predict lipids, carbohydrates, fibers, proteins, salt and energy contents, as well as to identify cookies type and main cereals present in a batch of 120 commercially acquired samples. The prediction models were performed using ordinary least squares (OLS), partial least squares (PLS), and PLS based classification models including discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), k-nearest neighbors (PLS-kNN) and naïve Bayes (PLS-NB). The best prediction models allowed for good accuracies, with correlation coefficients higher than 0.9 for all studied nutritional parameters. PLS-kNN methodology was able to identify all 5 main cereals (wheat, integral wheat, oat, corn and rice) as well as the 14 types of cookies based on the nutritional contents. The developed methods were able to accurately identify the cookies type and composition, confirming the proposed methodology as a fast, reliable, environmentally friendly and non-destructive alternative to standard analytical methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Quintelas
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Rodrigues
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Clara Sousa
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, Porto, 4169-005, Portugal
| | - Eugénio C Ferreira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António L Amaral
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Rua Pedro Nunes, Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação Aplicada, Laboratório SiSus, Rua Pedro Nunes, Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Q, Xue R, Mei X, Su L, Zhang W, Li Y, Xu J, Mao J, Mao C, Lu T. A study of volatiles of young citrus fruits from four areas based on GC-MS and flash GC e-nose combined with multivariate algorithms. Food Res Int 2024; 177:113874. [PMID: 38225115 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The present study has successfully established a scientific and precise approach for distinguishing the geographical origins of young citrus fruits (Qingpi) from four primary production regions in China, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and flash gas chromatography electronic nose (flash GC e-nose) to analyze the volatile composition and odor characteristics. Through the application of chemometric analysis, a clear differentiation among Qingpi samples was established using GC-MS. Additionally, the application of flash GC e-nose facilitated the extraction of flavor information, which enabled the discrimination of geographical origins. Several flavor components were identified as significant factors for origin certification. Furthermore, two pattern recognition algorithms were employed to achieve high accuracy in regional identification. The results of this investigation demonstrate that the amalgamation of multivariate chemometrics and algorithms can proficiently discern the sources of those young citrus fruits. The findings of this research can provide a reference for the assessment of quality control in food and other agricultural commodities in the times ahead.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rong Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xi Mei
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lianlin Su
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinguo Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chunqin Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tulin Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Santos GBM, de Abreu FAP, da Silva GS, Guedes JAC, Lira SM, Dionísio AP, Pontes DF, Zocolo GJ. UPLC-QTOF-MS E based metabolomics and chemometrics study of the pitaya processing. Food Res Int 2024; 178:113957. [PMID: 38309877 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.113957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The search for knowledge related to the Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus [F.A.C. Weber] Britton & Rose, family Cactaceae) is commonly due to its beneficial health properties e aesthetic values. But process to obtain pitaya pulp is a first and important step in providing information for the subsequent use of this fruit as colorant, for example. Therefore, the effects of the pulping process on the metabolomic and chemometric profile of non-volatile compounds of pitaya were assessed for the first time. The differences in metabolic fingerprints using UPLC-QTOF-MSE and multivariate modeling (PCA and OPLS-DA) was performed in the following treatments: treatment A, which consists of pelled pitaya and no ascorbic acid addition during pulping; treatment B, use of unpelled pitaya added of ascorbic acid during pulping; and control, unpelled pitaya and no ascorbic acid addition during pulping. For the metabolomic analysis, UPLC-QTOF-MSE shows an efficient method for the simultaneous determination of 35 non-volatile pitaya metabolites, including isorhamnetin glucosyl rhamnosyl isomers, phyllocactin isomers, 2'-O-apiosyl-phylocactin and 4'-O-malonyl-betanin. In addition, the chemometric analysis efficiently distinguished the metabolic compounds of each treatment applied and shows that the use of unpelled pitaya added of ascorbic acid during pulping has an interesting chemical profile due to the preservation or formation of compounds, such as those derived from betalain, and higher yields, which is desirable for the food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Machado Lira
- Department of Nutrition, State University of Ceara, 60714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Dionísio
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Dra Sara Mesquita St., 2270, 60511-110 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Julião Zocolo
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Dra Sara Mesquita St., 2270, 60511-110 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wieczorek K, Turek A, Szczesio M, Wolf WM. A holistic approach to the spatio-temporal variability investigation of the main river water quality - The importance of tributaries. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:167588. [PMID: 37804966 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The surface water pollution can cause serious ecological disasters. An example is large-scale fish deaths due to excessive salinity, which is global problem. In order to prevent such situations, it is necessary to carry out regular monitoring of both main rivers and their tributaries. The current monitoring system is neither adapted to the variability associated with the diversified use of catchments nor to changing climatic conditions. The Bzura River is one of the most anthropogenically transformed Polish rivers. So far, no comprehensive assessment of the chemical status of its catchment has been carried out. The presented research is a continuation of the study of the spatio-temporal variability of the Bzura chemistry. It covered 19 tributaries within the boundaries of the Łódź Voivodeship. Samples were collected once a month for one hydrological year. In total, 228 samples were obtained, in which 21 parameters were measured. Spatio-temporal variability of water quality on the basis of coefficients of variation (CVs) and water quality indices (WQIs) was evaluated. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were also performed. In addition, the datasets were visualized using geochemical maps. Combined monitoring with geospatial analysis brings benefits in terms of efficient control and management of water resources. The tributaries were divided according to the degree of their pollution. It was found that the electrical conductivity and concentrations of dissolved oxygen, nitrates, calcium and magnesium differentiated the tributaries in terms of pollution the most. The strong salinity from agricultural and geogenic sources was found. The WQIs were higher for the tributaries than for the Bzura. It suggests that the Bzura may be polluted by the tributaries under "favorable" climatic and hydrological conditions. Therefore, smaller watercourses should be included in monitoring and become more important in terms of an effective solution to global problem of surface water pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Wieczorek
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, 116 Żeromskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anna Turek
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, 116 Żeromskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Szczesio
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, 116 Żeromskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Wojciech M Wolf
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, 116 Żeromskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kujdowicz M, Perez-Guaita D, Chlosta P, Okon K, Malek K. Fourier transform IR imaging of primary tumors predicts lymph node metastasis of bladder carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166840. [PMID: 37558006 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The process of metastasis is complex and often impossible to be recognized in conventional clinical diagnosis. Lymph node metastasis (LNM) of bladder carcinoma (BC) is often associated with muscle-invasive tumors. To prevent and recognize LNM, the standard treatment includes radical cystectomy with lymph node dissection and histological examination. Here, we propose infrared (IR) microscopy as a tool for the prediction of LNM. For this purpose, IR images of bladder biopsies from patients with diagnosed non-metastatic early (E BC) and advanced (A BC), as well as metastatic advanced (M BC) bladder cancer were first collected. Furthermore, this dataset was complemented with images of the secondary tumors from the lymph nodes (M LN) of the M BC patients. Unsupervised clustering was used to extract tissue structures from IR images to create a data set comprising 382 IR spectra of non-metastatic bladder tumors and 241 metastatic ones. Based on that, we next established discrimination models using PLS-DA with repeated random sampling double cross-validation, and permutation test to perform the classification. The accuracy of BC metastasis prediction from IR bladder biopsies was 83 % and 78 % for early and advanced BC, respectively, herein demonstrating a proof-of-concept IR detection of BC metastasis. The analysis of spectral profiles additionally showed molecular composition similarity between metastatic bladder and lymph node tumors. We also determined spectral biomarkers of LNM that are associated with sugar metabolism, remodeling of extracellular matrix, and morphological features of cancer cells. Our approach can improve clinical decision-making in urological oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kujdowicz
- Department of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531 Krakow, Poland; Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - David Perez-Guaita
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, 50 Dr Moliner Street, Research Building, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Piotr Chlosta
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Okon
- Department of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamilla Malek
- Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xie J, Wu Q, Tao L, Wu F, Tu S, Chen D, Lin T, Li T. Essential and non-essential elements in tuna and billfish around the world: Distribution patterns and influencing factors. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 196:115587. [PMID: 37797540 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Tuna and billfish are widely distributed in oceans worldwide. Their survival is relied on a decent share of essential and non-essential elements. We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of essential and non-essential elements in livers of tuna and billfish collected from global oceans. The individual element consistently shown similar orders of magnitude in both tuna and billfish, with essential elements generally being 1-3 orders of magnitude higher than non-essential elements. Various physicochemical properties and behaviors contributed to four distinct clusters of these elements. Also, element distribution pattern indicated the presence of four sample groups based on regions and categories. Nine elements served as characteristic indicators. Among them, fish category was the most important influencing factor. Hg, Fe, Tl, Co, and Se were influenced by body size, trophic level, and feeding habits. Ni was influenced by sampling regions, while Mg, Mn and As were influenced by body size and local primary production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingqian Xie
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ling Tao
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Feng Wu
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Shuyi Tu
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Duofu Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Tian Lin
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Galaz Torres C, Ricci A, Parpinello GP, Gambuti A, Rinaldi A, Moio L, Rolle L, Paissoni MA, Mattivi F, Perenzoni D, Arapitsas P, Marangon M, Mayr Marangon C, Slaghenaufi D, Ugliano M, Versari A. Multivariate prediction of Saliva Precipitation Index for relating selected chemical parameters of red wines to the sensory perception of astringency. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 7:100626. [PMID: 38021261 PMCID: PMC10651451 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Astringency is an essential sensory attribute of red wine closely related to the saliva precipitation upon contact with the wine. In this study a data matrix of 52 physico-chemical parameters was used to predict the Saliva Precipitation Index (SPI) in 110 Italian mono-varietal red wines using partial least squares regression (PLSr) with variable selection by Variable Importance for Projection (VIP) and the significance of regression coefficients. The final PLSr model, evaluated using a test data set, had 3 components and yielded an R2test of 0.630 and an RMSEtest of 0.994, with 19 independent variables whose regression coefficients were all significant at p < 0.05. Variables selected in the final model according to the decreasing magnitude of their absolute regression coefficient include the following: Procyanidin B1, Epicatechin terminal unit, Total aldehydes, Protein content, Vanillin assay, 520 nm, Polysaccharide content, Epigallocatechin PHL, Tartaric acid, Volatile acidity, Titratable acidity, Catechin terminal unit, Proanthocyanidin assay, pH, Tannin-Fe/Anthocyanin, Buffer capacity, Epigallocatechin PHL gallate, Catechin + epicatechin PHL, and Tannin-Fe. These results can be used to better understand the physico-chemical relationship underlying astringency in red wine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arianna Ricci
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Angelita Gambuti
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Vine and Wine Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rinaldi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Vine and Wine Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Luigi Moio
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Vine and Wine Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Luca Rolle
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Maria Alessandra Paissoni
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Metabolomic Unit, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Daniele Perenzoni
- Metabolomic Unit, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Panagiotis Arapitsas
- Metabolomic Unit, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Department of Wine, Vine and Beverage Sciences, School of Food Science, University of West Attica, Egaleo, 12243, Athens, Greece
| | - Matteo Marangon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Christine Mayr Marangon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Davide Slaghenaufi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, via della Pieve 70, San Pietro in Cariano, VR, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ugliano
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, via della Pieve 70, San Pietro in Cariano, VR, Italy
| | - Andrea Versari
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhou W, Qiu J, Wei C, Wu Y, Li Y, Hu H, Wang Z. Comprehensive quality evaluation of two different geography originated Angelica sinensis Radix based on potential production area development and resource protection. Plant Physiol Biochem 2023; 201:107878. [PMID: 37480748 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Angelica sinensis Radix (ASR) is mainly produced in the southern region of Gansu, China, and is a famous edible and medicinal herb. Noticeably, Aba region in Sichuan, China has similar geographical and climatic conditions to the southern region of Gansu, China, and has the potential to further develop the ASR planting industry chain. This study was the first to use an innovative method that combines GC-MS, HPLC-DAD fingerprints, and stoichiometric analysis to compare and explore the feasibility of using the Aba region as a source of high-quality ASR supplements. GC-MS analysis showed that the composition of ASR essential oil(AEO) in these two regions was highly similar (>99%). The HPLC data showed that the main sources of differences in ASR components between the two regions were coniferyl ferulate, E-ligustilide, Z-ligustilide, and Butylidenephthalide, which have great potential in anti-depression, regulating gut microbiota, and other aspects. The ASR in Aba region was rich in these components, and its biological activity might be higher to some extent than that in southern Gansu. This study confirmed the potential of the Aba region in Sichuan to become a high-quality production area for ASR, which was conducive to the expansion of ASR resources and the development of related industrial chains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jing Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chunlei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Huiling Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Zhanguo Wang
- Holistic Integrative Medicine Industry Collaborative Innovation Research Center, Qiang Medicine Standard Research Promotion Base and Collaborative Innovation Research Center, School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Taş-Küçükaydın M, Tel-Çayan G, Çayan F, Küçükaydın S, Hazar Çiftçi B, Ceylan Ö, Emin Duru M. Chemometric classification of chestnut honeys from different regions in Turkey based on their phenolic compositions and biological activities. Food Chem 2023; 415:135727. [PMID: 36871408 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the phenolic composition and biological properties of chestnut honeys of 41 stations in Turkey's the Black Sea and Marmara regions. A total of sixteen phenolic compounds and organic acids were detected using HPLC-DAD and levulinic, gallic, protocatechuic, vanilic, trans-cinnamic acids and (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethanol were identified in all studied chestnut honeys. Antioxidant activities were measured by ABTS•+, β-carotene-linoleic acid, CUPRAC, DPPH•, and metal chelating assays. Antimicrobial activities were carried out against gram positive, gram negative bacteria and Candida species using well diffusion test. Anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated against COX-1 and COX-2 whereas enzyme inhibitory activities were assessed on AChE, BChE, urease, and tyrosinase. The chemometric classification of chestnut honeys were carried out using PCA and HCA and it was seen that some phenolic compounds contributed significantly to the classification of chestnut honeys from various geographical origin.
Collapse
|
15
|
Bellumori M, Innocenti M, Andrenelli L, Melani F, Cecchi L, Pandino G, Mauromicale G, La Malfa S, Mulinacci N. Composition of discarded Sicilian fruits of Opuntia ficus indica L.: Phenolic content, mineral profile and antioxidant activity in peel, seeds and whole fruit. Food Chem 2023; 428:136756. [PMID: 37413837 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Sicily (Italy) is the second producer of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) fruits after Mexico. To date, huge quantities of fruit are discarded during the selection for the fresh market, generating a large amount of by-product to be valorized. This study aimed to investigate on the composition of OFI discarded fruits from the main Sicilian productive areas, over two harvesting periods. Peel, seeds and whole fruit samples were characterized in terms of minerals and phenolic compounds through ICP-OES and HPLC-DAD-MS. Potassium, calcium and magnesium were the most abundant elements and peel samples showed the highest values. Seventeen phenolic compounds were detected in peel and whole fruit, including flavonoids, phenylpyruvic and hydroxycinnamic acids, while only phenolic acids were found in the seeds. A multivariate chemometric approach highlighted a correlation between the mineral and phenolic content and the different parts of the fruit as well as a significant influence of productive area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bellumori
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Division of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Marzia Innocenti
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Division of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Luisa Andrenelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems Management (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale Delle Cascine 16, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Melani
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Division of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cecchi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems Management (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale Delle Cascine 16, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Gaetano Pandino
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mauromicale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano La Malfa
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Nadia Mulinacci
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Division of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Puig LP, Boqué MC, Ferrer AV, Fernández-Ruano L, Blasco JLL, Cladera MA. Advanced mass spectrometry profiling of phenolic and minerals compounds in herbal beverages. Food Chem 2023; 428:136767. [PMID: 37399696 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The global pandemic of COVID-19 has led to an increased interest in herbal infusions as natural remedies since 2020. This has also heightened the need for controlling the composition of these dietary supplements to ensure consumer health and prevent food fraud. In the present work, various mass spectrometry techniques were used to analyze the organic and inorganic composition of 23 herbal infusion samples. UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS was used to determine target, suspect, and nontarget polyphenolic compounds. Thus, 8 phenolic compounds were identified in the target analysis and additionally, 80 extra-compounds were identified through suspect and nontargeted screening. ICP-MS was used to monitor the metals released during tea leaf infusion, providing a complete mineral composition of each sample. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Discriminant Analysis (DA) were utilized to identify relevant compounds for differentiating and grouping the samples, thus serving as specific markers to detect potential food fraud.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pineda Puig
- Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department at IQS School of Engineering, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Cabré Boqué
- Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department at IQS School of Engineering, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Verdaguer Ferrer
- Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department at IQS School of Engineering, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Fernández-Ruano
- Quantitative Methods Department at IQS School of Engineering, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Margalida Artigues Cladera
- Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department at IQS School of Engineering, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Garbelotti CV, Grandis A, Crevelin E, Buckeridge MS, de Moraes LAB, Ward RJ. Glycomic profiling identifies key-structural differences in three arabinoxylan fractions from sugarcane culms. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 310:120694. [PMID: 36925235 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane is an important food and bioenergy crop, and although the residual biomass is potentially available for biorefinery and biofuels production the complex plant cell wall matrix requires pretreatment prior to enzymatic hydrolysis. Arabinoxylans require multiple enzymes for xylose backbone and saccharide side-branch hydrolysis to release xylooligosaccharides and pentoses. The effect of arabinoxylan structure on xylooligosaccharide release by combinations of up to five xylanolytic enzymes was studied using three arabinoxylan fractions extracted from sugarcane culms by sodium chlorite, DMSO and alkaline treatments. Reducing sugar release and LC-MS detection with chemometric analysis identified different xylooligosaccharide profiles between extracts following enzyme treatments. The position and degree of side-branch decorations are determinants of enzyme activity and xylooligosaccharide diversity with the alkaline and post‑sodium chlorite extracts as the most accessible and most recalcitrant, respectively, indicating acetyl substituents as a major recalcitrance factor. The complex xylooligosaccharide profile with the DMSO extract suggests regions with different levels of branching. Chemometric analysis identified GH10 xylanase hydrolysis products that act as substrates for other enzymes, such as α-glucuronidase. The strategy reported here can identify specific enzyme combinations to overcome barriers for biomass processing such as pretreatment selection, recalcitrance to enzyme digestion and optimization of reducing sugar release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Victal Garbelotti
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP 14040-901, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Grandis
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Ecológica de Plantas do Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Crevelin
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP 14040-901, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Silveira Buckeridge
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Ecológica de Plantas do Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Beraldo de Moraes
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP 14040-901, Brazil.
| | - Richard John Ward
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP 14040-901, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vaccaro E, Ciccotelli V, Oliveri P, Battistini R, Capelli C, Lottici S, Melchiorre N, Smirnova E, Ferro M, Costa E, Betti B, Vivaldi B, Masotti C, Serracca L, Iacona F, Orlandi M, Ercolini C. Shellfish sanitation monitoring in La Spezia gulf: Chemometric evaluation of data from 2015 to 2021. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17032. [PMID: 37383211 PMCID: PMC10293677 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Shellfish sanitary controls are very important to guarantee consumer health because bivalve molluscs (BVM) are filter-feeders so they can accumulate pathogens, environmental contaminants and biotoxins produced by some algae, causing infections and food poisoning in humans after ingestion. The purpose of this work was to analyse with chemometric methods the historical data relating to routine analyses carried out by the competent authority (Liguria Local Health Unit, National Health Service) on the BVM reared in a shellfish farm located in the Gulf of La Spezia (Italy). Chemometric analysis was aimed at identifying any correlations between the variables, as well as any seasonal trends and similarities between the stations, in order to be able to provide further material for a more accurate risk assessment and to improve the monitoring organization for example by reducing sampling stations and/or sampling frequency. The dataset used included 31 variables classified as biotoxicological, microbiological and chemical variables, measured twice a week, monthly or half yearly respectively, for a total of 6 years (from 2015 to 2021), on samples of Mytilus galloprovincialis coming from 7 monitoring stations. The results obtained by the application of principal component analysis have shown positive alga-biotoxin correlations, as well as seasonal trends linked to algae growth, with a greater algal biomass and their toxins during the spring months. In addition, periods characterised by low rainfall were found to affect algal development, promoting especially species such as Dinophysis spp. Considering the microbiological and biotoxicological variables, significant differences between the monitoring stations were not found. However, stations could be distinguished on the basis of the nature of the predominant chemical pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Vaccaro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Ciccotelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Oliveri
- Dipartimento di Farmacia (DIFAR), Università degli Studi di, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberta Battistini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Erica Costa
- Liguria Local Health Unit-ASL5, Complex Unit of Hygiene of Food and Animal Origin, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Barbara Betti
- Liguria Local Health Unit-ASL5, Complex Unit of Hygiene of Food and Animal Origin, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Barbara Vivaldi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Masotti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Serracca
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Iacona
- Liguria Local Health Unit-ASL5, Complex Unit of Hygiene of Food and Animal Origin, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Mino Orlandi
- Liguria Local Health Unit-ASL5, Complex Unit of Hygiene of Food and Animal Origin, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Carlo Ercolini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Garlito B, Sentandreu MA, Yusà V, Oliván M, Pardo O, Sentandreu E. New insights into the search of meat quality biomarkers assisted by Orbitrap Tribrid untargeted metabolite analysis and chemometrics. Food Chem 2023; 407:135173. [PMID: 36527949 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metabolite profiles of normal and defective dry, firm and dark (DFD) meat extracts with known ultimate pH (pHu) values were determined by Orbitrap Tribrid ID-X untargeted analysis coupled to chemometrics. An intelligent MS3 AcquireXTM workflow firstly approached the unambiguous characterization of detected features that were subsequently quantified by a complementary MS1 study of biological replicates. Chemometric research revealed how threonylphenylalanine (overexpressed in normal meats) together to tetradecadienoyl- and hydroxydodecanoyl-carnitines (both overexpressed in DFD meats) appropriately grouped meat groups assayed. Robustness of such biomarkers was confirmed through a time-delayed study of a blind set of samples (unknown pHu) and evidenced limitations of pHu as an isolated parameter for accurate meat quality differentiation. Other acyl-carnitines also characterized DFD samples, suggesting interferences induced by pre-slaughter stress (PSS) on lipid catabolism that would explain accumulation of such intermediate metabolites. Results achieved can ease understanding of biochemical mechanisms underlying meat quality defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Borja Garlito
- Enviromental and Public Health Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute for Pesticides and Water (IUPA), Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat S/N, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain; Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020 València, Spain
| | - Miguel A Sentandreu
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Calle Agustín Escardino, 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicent Yusà
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020 València, Spain
| | - Mamen Oliván
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Alimentario (SERIDA), Carretera de Oviedo, s/n, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Olga Pardo
- Public Health Laboratory of València, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020 València, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Enrique Sentandreu
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Calle Agustín Escardino, 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Leal AR, Dionísio AP, Abreu FAPD, Oliveira GFD, Araújo IMDS, Magalhães HCR, Leite AB, Silva EKMD, Nascimento RFD, Nascimento HOD, Sousa PHMD. Impact of different kernel grades on volatile compounds profile, fatty acids and oxidative quality of cashew nut oil. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112526. [PMID: 36869453 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the impact of kernel grade on the physicochemical quality, fatty acids, and volatile compounds of cashew nut oil was assessed. The oil samples were obtained from different classifications of nuts and analyzed for acid and peroxide values, color, fatty acids and volatile compounds. The broken kernel oils showed similar or superior quality to the whole kernel oil (LW3), especially samples B3 (batoque) and P3 (large piece), with acid, peroxide and color values equal to the one in LW3. The oils from less intact nuts showed high proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), with acid ratios higher than the ones in LW3 (64.47 to 65.28 %, while the latter displayed 63.33 %). Sample P3 showed higher proportions of volatile compounds not derived from oxidation. This study expands the possibility of valorizing lower commercial value cashew nuts by producing oil with adequate quality for consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Rodrigues Leal
- Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Ceara, 60356-000 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Dionísio
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Dra Sara Mesquita St., 2270, 60511-110 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Andressa Barbosa Leite
- Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Ceara, 60356-000 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Paulo Henrique Machado de Sousa
- Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Ceara, 60356-000 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Graduate Program in Gastronomy, Culture and Art Institute, Federal University of Ceara, 60356-000 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ain Syaqirah Sapian N, Aidilfitri Mohamad Roslan M, Mohd Hashim A, Nasir Mohd Desa M, Halim M, Noorzianna Abdul Manaf Y, Wasoh H. Differentiation of lard from other animal fats based on n-Alkane profiles using chemometric analysis. Food Res Int 2023; 164:112332. [PMID: 36737925 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adulteration of lard with other fats and oils in food production affects many areas including economics, religion, and health. Previous studies discriminated lard based on major components of fats, i.e. triglycerides and fatty acids. This study aimed to differentiate lard and other animal fats (beef, chicken and mutton fat) based on n-alkane profiles established by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) were able to initiate clustering of lard and other animal fats. Good result was obtained using Random Forest (RF) and Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). Statistical models propose tetracosane (C24) as a potential n-alkane marker and it was found that C24 was the major alkane with composition of 15.72% (GC-MS) of total alkanes identified. Based on this finding, more interesting study may potentially be explored for the interest of various fats and oils consumers in vast applications especially using chemometrics analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Ain Syaqirah Sapian
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Aidilfitri Mohamad Roslan
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amalia Mohd Hashim
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Murni Halim
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yanty Noorzianna Abdul Manaf
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Helmi Wasoh
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Prasantongkolmol T, Thongkorn H, Sunipasa A, Do HA, Saeung C, Jongpatiwut S. Analysis of sulfur compounds for crude oil fingerprinting using gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detector. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 186:114344. [PMID: 36455502 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oil spills are a severe problem worldwide due to the resulting damage to marine and coastal ecosystems and to local economies. Identification of the source of spilled oils can be challenging, especially if the oils have undergone severe weathering. Due to their high durability, biomarker compounds (e.g. hopanes, steranes) are widely used for oil fingerprinting. Some sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds e.g. alkylated dibenzothiophenes are also considered to be highly resistant. In this study, the use of Gas Chromatography with Sulfur Chemiluminescence Detection was investigated as a means of oil fingerprinting using the distribution the sulfur compounds in five different fresh and weathered crude oils. Chemometric analysis was also performed. The results indicate that the sulfur compounds distribution is unique for each crude oil. The distributions of the heavy sulfur compounds (i.e., C2DBTs and C3DBTs) are unchanged after weathering. Therefore, the GC-SCD technique can be considered to support the oil spill identification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Prasantongkolmol
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - H Thongkorn
- Leco Instrument (Thailand) Company Limited, 125 127 129, Soi Sirindhorn 7, Sirindhorn Road, Bang Bumru, Bang Phlat, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - A Sunipasa
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - H A Do
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - C Saeung
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - S Jongpatiwut
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kavuru V, Senger RS, Robertson JL, Choudhury D. Analysis of urine Raman spectra differences from patients with diabetes mellitus and renal pathologies. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14879. [PMID: 36874959 PMCID: PMC9979830 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a major public health burden. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major causes of CKD. In patients with DM, it can be difficult to differentiate diabetic kidney disease (DKD) from other causes of glomerular damage; it should not be assumed that all DM patients with decreased eGFR and/or proteinuria have DKD. Renal biopsy is the standard for definitive diagnosis, but other less invasive methods may provide clinical benefit. As previously reported, Raman spectroscopy of CKD patient urine with statistical and chemometric modeling may provide a novel, non-invasive methodology for discriminating between renal pathologies. Methods Urine samples were collected from renal biopsied and non-biopsied patients presenting with CKD secondary to DM and non-diabetic kidney disease. Samples were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy, baselined with the ISREA algorithm, and subjected to chemometric modeling. Leave-one-out cross-validation was used to assess the predictive capabilities of the model. Results This proof-of-concept study consisted of 263 samples, including renal biopsied, non-biopsied diabetic and non-diabetic CKD patients, healthy volunteers, and the Surine™ urinalysis control. Urine samples of DKD patients and those with immune-mediated nephropathy (IMN) were distinguished from one another with 82% sensitivity, specificity, positive-predictive value (PPV), and negative-predictive value (NPV). Among urine samples from all biopsied CKD patients, renal neoplasia was identified in urine with 100% sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV, and membranous nephropathy was identified with 66.7% sensitivity, 96.4% specificity, 80.0% PPV, and 93.1% NPV. Finally, DKD was identified among a population of 150 patient urine samples containing biopsy-confirmed DKD, other biopsy-confirmed glomerular pathologies, un-biopsied non-diabetic CKD patients (no DKD), healthy volunteers, and Surine™ with 36.4% sensitivity, 97.8% specificity, 57.1% PPV, and 95.1% NPV. The model was used to screen un-biopsied diabetic CKD patients and identified DKD in more than 8% of this population. IMN in diabetic patients was identified among a similarly sized and diverse population with 83.3% sensitivity, 97.7% specificity, 62.5% PPV, and 99.2% NPV. Finally, IMN in non-diabetic patients was identified with 50.0% sensitivity, 99.4% specificity, 75.0% PPV, and 98.3% NPV. Conclusions Raman spectroscopy of urine with chemometric analysis may be able to differentiate between DKD, IMN, and other glomerular diseases. Future work will further characterize CKD stages and glomerular pathology, while assessing and controlling for differences in factors such as comorbidities, disease severity, and other lab parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varun Kavuru
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States.,University Hospital at University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Ryan S Senger
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, United States.,DialySensors, Inc., Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - John L Robertson
- DialySensors, Inc., Blacksburg, VA, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Devasmita Choudhury
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States.,Salem Veteran Affairs Health Care System, Salem, VA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yayinie M, Atlabachew M. Multi-element Analysis of Honey from Amhara Region-Ethiopia for Quality, Bioindicator of Environmental Pollution, and Geographical Origin Discrimination. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:5283-5297. [PMID: 34997922 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Honey is a widely utilized sweetener containing mainly sugars with many other minor ingredients such as metallic elements. The analysis aimed to develop a chemometric model for tracing the geographical origin, evaluating nutritional quality, assessing pollution effect, and searching for marker metals for the region's honey. Forty-seven honey samples were collected directly from the apiarists at seven administrative zones. The contents of 14 metals were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry after standard sample digestion. The findings showed us the major elements ranged from 24.8 to 1996 mg/kg of the honey sample with K > Ca > Na > Mg. The minimum and maximum values for the trace metals were 2.35 mg/kg and 163 mg/kg, respectively, in the order of Fe > Cr > Zn > Ni > Mn > Cu > Co. From this data, the region's honey has its own contribution as a source of major and trace elements. Furthermore, mean values for the toxic heavy metals were 0.57 to 1.85 for Pb, 1.03 to 1.21 for Cd, and 2.85 to 6.21 for As in mg/kg. Thus, the pollution level in the environment seems to be at an alarming rate. Using principal components analysis (PCA), the first four principal components explained 80.16% of the total variation. The region's honey was best classified into five major clusters using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) with an average discrimination power of 89.91%. The LDA sorting model was verified by the cross-validation method. The verification revealed that the model has 92.11% recognition power and 93.33% prediction ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Yayinie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Debre Tabor University, P.O. Box 272, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
| | - Minaleshewa Atlabachew
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abamba Omwange K, Saito Y, Firmanda Al Riza D, Zichen H, Kuramoto M, Shiraga K, Ogawa Y, Kondo N, Suzuki T. Japanese dace (Tribolodon hakonensis) fish freshness estimation using front-face fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with chemometric analysis. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 276:121209. [PMID: 35397451 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although fish and its related products are good sources of protein and unsaturated fatty acids, like omega-3 in the human diet, their shelf-life is limited by biochemical and microbial changes. In this study, a front-face fluorescence spectroscopy technique was used to acquire Excitation-emission matrices (EEM) to monitor Japanese dace (Tribolodon hakonensis) fish freshness degradation during storage. EEM of Japanese dace fish parts (intact eyeball and surface-containing scales), excitation from 220 to 585 nm and emissions from 250 to 600 nm, were measured at different times during storage. To simplify the acquired complex spectra datasets from each fish part, the variables were reduced to those that were only significant/important (those with higher positive or negative correlation) for K value prediction, and as an index of freshness. Partial least square regression (PLSR) results demonstrated that combining the fluorescence EEM of the eyeball and surface-containing scales the best monitoring of fish freshness; excitation at 280 and 350 nm for both the eyeball and surface-containing scales, with 2.84 and 0.96 as RMSE and R2, respectively. These findings demonstrate that multiple excitation fluorescence approaches can be convenient for the freshness evaluation of fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Abamba Omwange
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshito Saito
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Dimas Firmanda Al Riza
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Huang Zichen
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuramoto
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Shiraga
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Hon-cho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ogawa
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Naoshi Kondo
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tetsuhito Suzuki
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu LN, Jin HY, Ke Z, Xu WY, Sun L, Ma SC. A strategy for quality control of ginkgo biloba preparations based on UPLC fingerprint analysis and multi-component separation combined with quantitative analysis. Chin Med 2022; 17:72. [PMID: 35710436 PMCID: PMC9202209 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00618-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have assessed the fingerprint and quantitative analysis of Ginkgo biloba preparations, but the fingerprint mainly focuses on flavonoid glycosides. However, according to our previous study, the differences among diverse manufacturers mainly involve organic acids. Methods A novel reverse-phase liquid chromatography assay using diode array detection was developed for evaluating Ginkgo biloba preparations for quality based on a chromatographic fingerprint allowing the simultaneous assessment of eleven compounds, including four organic acids, six flavonol glycosides and one flavonoid aglycone. And the method was applied to 51 batches of Ginkgo biloba preparations from manufacturers in China. Chemometric approaches were performed for evaluating 51 batches of Ginkgo biloba preparations from various manufacturers. Results The similarity values among the chromatograms of 51 samples ranged from 0.45 to 1.00, showing that the quality of Ginkgo biloba preparations produced by different manufacturers varied greatly. Data analysis of the 51 batches of GBP samples suggested significant variations of the total contents of all 11 targets, also demonstrating the quality difference of GBP samples. There were significant differences in organic acids in particular. Conclusion Combining the chemical fingerprint and quantitative assessment revealed significant variations in the examined commercial products with regard to organic acids. Thus, this study provided a more comprehensive tool for monitoring the quality consistency of Ginkgo biloba preparations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Liu
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 102629, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yu Jin
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 102629, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zan Ke
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 102629, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Yi Xu
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 102629, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Sun
- Institute for cosmetic control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, 31 Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 102629, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 102629, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Migues VH, David JM, Gomes AF, David JP. Determination of anthraquinones in Rhamnus purshiana using HPLC coupled to diode array detector and simple ultraviolet spectroscopic analysis. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2478-2487. [PMID: 35562848 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A new method based on Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was developed and compared with that based on HPLC for the determination and quantification of anthraquinones in the extracts of Rhamnus purshiana bark. A validated quantitative analysis of cascaroside A, cascaroside B, emodin, and aloe-emodin in these herbal products has been previously performed using HPLC coupled with diode array detector. In the HPLC analysis, all the anthraquinones showed satisfactory regression (r2 > 0.98) within the test ranges, and the recovery was in the range of 94 to 117%. The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 0.008-0.010 (μg mL-1 ) and 0.029-0.035 (μg mL-1 ), respectively. Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis showed differences in the anthraquinones determined from herbal samples. Subsequently, a simple and low-cost ultraviolet spectrophotometric methodology for the quantitative analysis of the same compounds in the extracts was applied, and all the contents were determined. A paired t-test confirmed that there were no significant differences between the two methods. Our results revealed that the developed method is simple and provides the ability to discriminate and control the quality of anthraquinones in herbal products. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Hugo Migues
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40170-280, Brazil
| | - Jorge Mauricio David
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40170-280, Brazil
| | - Angélica Ferraz Gomes
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, BA, 45029-094, Brazil
| | - Juceni Pereira David
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40170-280, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Roy M, Yadav BK. Electronic nose for detection of food adulteration: a review. J Food Sci Technol 2022; 59:846-58. [PMID: 35185196 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-021-05057-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The food products may attract unscrupulous vendors to dilute it with inexpensive alternative food sources to achieve more profit. The risk of high value food adulteration with cheaper substitutes has reached an alarming stage in recent years. Commonly available detection methods for food adulteration are costly, time consuming and requires high degree of technical expertise. However, a rapid and suitable detection method for possible adulterant is being evolved to tackle the aforesaid issues. In recent years, electronic nose (e-nose) system is being evolved for falsification detection of food products with reliable and rapid way. E-nose has the ability to artificially perceive aroma and distinguish them. The use of chemometric analysis together with gas sensor arrays have shown to be a significant procedure for quality monitoring in food. E-nose techniques with numerous provisions are reliable and favourable for food industry in food fraud detection. In the present review, the contributions of gas sensor based e-nose system are discussed extensively with a view to ascertain the adulteration of food products.
Collapse
|
29
|
Stój A, Płotka-Wasylka J, Simeonov V, Kapłan M. The content of biogenic amines in Rondo and Zweigelt wines and correlations between selected wine parameters. Food Chem 2022; 371:131172. [PMID: 34563969 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the content of biogenic amines (BAs) in wines using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (DLLME-GC-MS). An additional objective was to assess the correlations between selected parameters characterizing the samples such as the content of BAs, sugars, and organic acids, pH, and total acidity. Wines produced from the same grape variety in which alcoholic fermentation (AF) was carried out by different yeast strains and in which malolactic fermentation (MLF) was spontaneous, differed in the content of biogenic amines. The concentrations of putrescine, cadaverine and tryptamine were higher in the Rondo wines (237-405, 34.04-61.11, <LOD-12.456 µg/L, respectively) and Zweigelt wines (416-489, 72.67-88.43, <LOD-13.083 µg/L, respectively) subjected to spontaneous MLF than in the wines subjected to induced MLF. Chemometric analysis allowed us to determine correlations between selected wine parameters. The wine samples are well separated into two patterns depending on the grape variety. Despite the fact that information on BAs is not included in databases of wine composition, information on their concentration as well as knowledge of existing correlations between BAs and other wine parameters is crucial and may be useful for the food industry, health professionals and consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stój
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Vasil Simeonov
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, Sofia 1126, Bulgaria
| | - Magdalena Kapłan
- Institute of Horticulture Production, University of Life Sciences, 28 Głęboka Street, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Costa FV, Gadea A, Antunes AR, Ferron S, Back ÁJ, Barlow JW, Citadini-Zanette V, Dévéhat FLL, Amaral PDA. Chemical fingerprinting of the Brazilian medicinal plant Calea pinnatifida (R. Br.) Less. (Asteraceae) collected at different altitudes. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:6069-6074. [PMID: 35227145 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2044809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Calea pinnatifida (R. Br.) Less. is a plant of Brazilian folk medicine. We evaluated the influence of environmental factors on the chemical profile of C. pinnatifida collected during the winter season. C. pinnatifida leaves, alongside soil samples, were collected from two sites of different altitude. Plant samples were sequentially extracted, while soil samples were subject to compositional analysis. Plant extracts were compared using HPTLC-UV, using chemometric analyses to compare samplings harvested at both altitudes. Two marker metabolites, calein A (1) and acetylportentol (2), were isolated from samples collected at the respective altitudes. The differing metabolic profiles observed may be a result of the influence of environmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franciely Vanessa Costa
- Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais (LaPlaM/PPGCA), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alice Gadea
- Université Rennes1, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, Rennes, France
| | - Altamir Rocha Antunes
- Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais (LaPlaM/PPGCA), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Solenn Ferron
- Université Rennes1, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, Rennes, France
| | - Álvaro José Back
- Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais (LaPlaM/PPGCA), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - James W Barlow
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vanilde Citadini-Zanette
- Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais (LaPlaM/PPGCA), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia de Aguiar Amaral
- Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais (LaPlaM/PPGCA), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Omeka ME, Igwe O, Unigwe CO. An integrated approach to the bioavailability, ecological, and health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in soils within a barite mining area, SE Nigeria. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 194:212. [PMID: 35195793 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09856-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring and assessment of soil quality are important in mining areas. In this study, indexical, spatiotemporal, and chemometric models were developed to monitor and assess the pollution level and health risk of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) within the Iyamitet-Okurumutet mine province, SE Nigeria. Surface soils were sampled within the mine area and analyzed for pH, cation exchange capacity, organic matter, and PTEs (Pb, Zn, Cd, Mn, Fe, Ba) following standard techniques. It was revealed that the soils are slightly acidic and the enrichment of PTEs except for Cd (4.08 mg/kg-1) was within recommended standards. Contamination factor, enrichment factor, and pollution index suggest that the soils are moderately polluted. Geospatial maps and ecological risk indices revealed that higher ecological risk imprints seem to increase towards the south-eastern parts of the area. Chemometric analysis revealed that PTE enrichment in the soil is majorly influenced by anthropogenic activities. Further, bioavailability/bioaccessibility risk assessment index (BRAI) and health risk assessment models were developed to quantify the bioavailable/human bioaccessible portion of elements in soils and the associated health risks. The BRAI ranged from high (3 ≥ 5) to very high (> 5) risk of human bioaccessibility; hence, greater amount of PTEs will be bioaccessible for absorption into the human gastrointestinal system than they would for plants uptake. The hazard index and lifetime cancer risk (LCR) revealed that most of the samples present high chronic cancer risks from dermal contact and ingestion for children and adults. The LCR values ranged between 1.0E-6 and 1.0E - 04, with the children population showing greater vulnerability to cancer risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Omeka
- Department of Geology, University of Calabar, Cross River State, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Nigeria.
| | - Ogbonnaya Igwe
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Chinanu O Unigwe
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ebonyi State, Ikwo, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Losso K, Cardini J, Huber S, Kappacher C, Jakschitz T, Rainer M, Bonn GK. Rapid differentiation and quality control of tobacco products using Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. Talanta 2022; 238:123057. [PMID: 34801913 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This work is the first to describe the use of Direct Analysis in Real Time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) for the rapid and cost-effective quality control of cigars. Multivariate analyses (PCA and LDA) on mass spectra led to highly efficient models for the discrimination of tobacco products. In addition to the geographic origin of the cigars, different pretreatments of the tobacco leaves could also be determined. Cross-validations of the models yielded prediction accuracies up to 92.18%. All results were compared using LC-MS as reference method. Multivariate analyses of chromatograms also yielded powerful models with correctness scores up to 88.1%. However, the models generated with LC-MS were neither able to determine the geographic origin of the tobacco leaves nor different pretreatments. In addition to qualitative analysis, the nicotine content of tobacco leaves was also determined via both methods. While precise quantification was not possible with DART-MS, a correlation coefficient of >0.96 was achieved in direct comparison with LC-MS, which allows semi-quantitative statements about the nicotine content without any problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klemens Losso
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julian Cardini
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne Huber
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Kappacher
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Jakschitz
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbH (ADSI), Innrain 66a, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matthias Rainer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Günther K Bonn
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbH (ADSI), Innrain 66a, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Niedźwiedź I, Płotka-Wasylka J, Kapusta I, Simeonov V, Stój A, Waśko A, Pawłat J, Polak-Berecka M. The impact of cold plasma on the phenolic composition and biogenic amine content of red wine. Food Chem 2022; 381:132257. [PMID: 35121310 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effect of cold plasma (CP) on phenolic compound (PC) and biogenic amine (BA) contents of red wine was investigated for the first time. The influence of CP was compared with the effects of a wine preservation using potassium metabisulfite and a combined method. The PC profile was determined by UPLC-PDA-MS/MS while BAs using DLLME-GC-MS. Chemometric analysis also was used. The content of PCs was 3.1% higher in the sample preserved by CP treatment (5 min, helium/nitrogen) compared to a sample preserved by the addition of potassium metabisulfite (100 mg/L). On a positive note, CP treatment reduced the concentration of BAs in the wine samples. The lowest BA contents were recorded after 10 min of cold plasma (helium/oxygen) treatment with the addition of potassium metabisulfite (1120.85 μg/L). The results may promote interest in CP as a potential alternative method for the preservation of wine and other alcoholic beverages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Niedźwiedź
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna Street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Kapusta
- Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Rzeszów University, 4 Zelwerowicza Street, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Vasil Simeonov
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Blvd., 1126 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anna Stój
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna Street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Adam Waśko
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna Street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Pawłat
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lublin University of Technology, 38A Nadbystrzycka Street, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Polak-Berecka
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna Street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gao FY, Chen HY, Luo YS, Chen JK, Yan L, Zhu JB, Fan GR, Zhou TT. "Q-markers targeted screening" strategy for comprehensive qualitative and quantitative analysis in fingerprints of Angelica dahurica with chemometric methods. Food Chem X 2021; 12:100162. [PMID: 34825171 PMCID: PMC8604777 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2021.100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Angelica dahurica is a famous functional food and herb. To guarantee quality of A. dahurica, a strategy “Q-markers targeted screening” was successfully developed by sufficient extraction of compounds and the targeted screening of qualitative and quantitative markers calculated through chemometric methods based fingerprints. Accelerated solvent extraction was selected due to its prominent advantages exhibiting the maximum extraction yields and varieties of compounds and especially excellent reproducibility (RSD < 1). After extraction, the fingerprints of A. dahuricae samples were established. For the preliminary herb authenticity, the targeted screening of 23 quantitative markers were performed by similarity analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis based on the fingerprints, which were identified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Subsequently, for further quality control, the targeted screening of nine quantitative markers were done by similarity analysis & linear discriminant analysis, which were determined by LC. Lastly, the strategy was successfully applied to quality assessment of A. dahurica samples.
Collapse
Key Words
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- ASE, accelerated solvent extraction
- Accelerated solvent extraction
- Angelica dahurica
- BBD, Box-Bohnken Design
- CID, collision-induced-dissociation
- Chemometric analysis
- HCA, hierarchical cluster analysis
- HPLC-PDA-ESI-ITMSn, high performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry
- HRE, heated reflux extraction
- IS, internal standard
- LDA, linear discriminant analysis
- LOD, limits of detection
- LOQ, limits of quantification
- Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
- MAE, microwave-assisted extraction
- Q-markers targeted screening
- Qualitative markers
- Quantitative markers
- RSD, relative standard deviation
- RSM, response surface methodology
- S/N, signal-to-noise ratios
- SA, similarity analysis
- TOF, time of fight
- UAME, ultrasonic-assisted microwave extraction
- UE, ultrasonic extraction
- UV, ultra violet
- bergapten (PubChem CID: 2355)
- estazolam (PubChem CID: 3261)
- hydrate oxypeucedanin (PubChem CID: 17536)
- imperatorin (PubChem CID: 10212)
- isoimperatorin (PubChem CID: 68081)
- oxypeucedanin (PubChem CID: 160544)
- phellopterin (PubChem CID: 98608)
- prangenin hydrate (PubChem CID: 129710912)
- xanthotoxin (PubChem CID: 4114)
- xanthotoxol (PubChem CID: 65090)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yuan Gao
- Department of Health Toxicology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, No. 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hai-Yan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yu-Sha Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ji-Kuai Chen
- Department of Health Toxicology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, No. 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lang Yan
- Department of Health Toxicology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, No. 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiang-Bo Zhu
- Department of Health Toxicology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, No. 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guo-Rong Fan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200025, China.,School of Medicine, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Shuai M, Peng C, Niu H, Shao D, Hou R, Cai H. Recent techniques for the authentication of the geographical origin of tea leaves from camellia sinensis: A review. Food Chem 2021; 374:131713. [PMID: 34920400 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tea is one of the most important beverages worldwide, is produced in several distinct geographical regions, and is traded on the global market. The ability to determine the geographical origin of tea products helps to ensure authenticity and traceability. This paper reviews the recent research on authentication of tea using a combination of instrumental and chemometric methods. To determine the production region of a tea sample, instrumental methods based on analyzing isotope and mineral element contents are suitable because they are less affected by tea variety and processing methods. Chemometric analysis has proven to be a valuable method to identify tea. Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) are the most preferred methods for processing large amounts of data obtained through instrumental component analysis.
Collapse
|
36
|
Galanty A, Węgrzyn M, Wietrzyk-Pełka P, Fołta M, Krośniak M, Podolak I, Zagrodzki P. Quantitative variations of usnic acid and selected elements in terricolous lichen Cladonia mitis Sandst., with respect to different environmental factors - A chemometric approach. Phytochemistry 2021; 192:112948. [PMID: 34530281 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, quantitative analysis of usnic acid and the selected elements (Ag, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) in samples of Cladonia mitis thalli collected along a North-Central Europe transect, was performed. Additionally, we analysed geographical and environmental factors that could potentially influence the levels of the analytes. With the constructed partial least square (PLS) chemometric model we aimed to establish the relationships between the analysed factors. Our study is the first to provide comparative quantitative data on usnic acid in C. mitis. We proved this lichen species is a rich source of usnic acid (4.52 ± 0.54-21.58 ± 2.23 mg/g dry wt). Significant differences in usnic acid content between samples collected in the open and forest areas were noted, with the predominance of the former (mean 17.4 ± 2.8 and 8.8 ± 2.3 mg/g dry wt, respectively). Our results supported the hypothesis on the relationship between usnic acid and selected heavy metals content in lichens, as the positive correlation of the compound was noted with Pb. Our PLS model indicated also a positive correlation between usnic acid and Cr content, which was reported for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Galanty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Michał Węgrzyn
- Laboratory of Polar Research and Documentation, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Wietrzyk-Pełka
- Laboratory of Polar Research and Documentation, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Fołta
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mirosław Krośniak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Zagrodzki
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Filgueiras Rebelo de Matos M, Quênia Muniz Bezerra P, Conceição Argôlo Correia L, Nunes Viola D, de Oliveira Rios A, Izabel Druzian J, Larroza Nunes I. Innovative methodological approach using CIELab and dye screening for chemometric classification and HPLC for the confirmation of dyes in cassava flour: A contribution to product quality control. Food Chem 2021; 365:130446. [PMID: 34218103 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A variety of methods for producing cassava flour exist, resulting in very heterogeneous products that exhibit various colours, textures, granulometries, and flavours. To improve its attractiveness to consumers, some producers dye cassava flour with turmeric or tartrazine; however, this practice is illegal in Brazil. In this study, cassava flour samples were collected and evaluated for possible adulteration by the addition of dyes. Flours were analysed by CIELab and dye screening (paper chromatography and the turmeric-identification method) and a classification tree was developed using these data. Positive results for curcuminoid pigments or tartrazine were confirmed by HPLC-DAD or HPLC-UV-Vis, respectively. The developed approach is an innovative alternative chemometric-analysis method that facilitates highly practical screening; adulterated cassava flour, a product of great human-food importance, can be identified using CIELab parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Denise Nunes Viola
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, Federal University of Bahia - UFBA, 40170-110 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Alessandro de Oliveira Rios
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Janice Izabel Druzian
- Department of Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia - UFBA, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Itaciara Larroza Nunes
- Department of Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia - UFBA, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Department of Food Science, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia - UFBA, 40110-907 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hamed R, Mohamed EM, Sediri K, Khan MA, Rahman Z. Development of stable amorphous solid dispersion and quantification of crystalline fraction of lopinavir by spectroscopic-chemometric methods. Int J Pharm 2021; 602:120657. [PMID: 33930489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to improve the dissolution of the poorly soluble drug lopinavir (LPV) by preparing amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) using solvent evaporation method. The ASD formulations were prepared with ternary mixtures of LPV, Eudragit® E100, and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) at various weight ratios. The ASDs were subjected to solid-state characterization and in vitro drug dissolution testing. Chemometric models based on near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and NIR-hyperspectroscopy (NIR-H) data were developed using the partial least squares (PLS) regression and externally validated to estimate the percent of the crystalline LPV in the ASD. Initially, the solid-state characterization data of ASDs showed transformation of the drug from crystalline to amorphous. Negligible fraction of crystalline LPV was present in the ASD (3%). Compared to pure LPV, ASDs showed faster and higher drug dissolution (<2% vs. 60.3-73.5%) in the first 15 min of testing. The ASD was stable against crystallization during stability testing at 40 °C/75% for a month. In conclusion, the prepared ASD was stable against devitrification and enhance the dissolution of LPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Hamed
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Eman M Mohamed
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Khaldia Sediri
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States; Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, ACTR univ. Ain Temouchent DGRCT, BP 248, 46000 Ain Temouchent, Algeria
| | - Mansoor A Khan
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Ziyaur Rahman
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kharbach M, Yu H, Kamal R, Barra I, Marmouzi I, Cherrah Y, Alaoui K, Bouklouze A, Heyden YV. New insights into the Argan oil categories characterization: Chemical descriptors, FTIR fingerprints, and chemometric approaches. Talanta 2021; 225:122073. [PMID: 33592791 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.122073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The characterization of Argan oils to classify them in three categories ('Extra Virgin', 'Virgin' and 'Lower quality') was evaluated. A total of 120 Moroccan Argan oils samples from the Taroudant Argan forest was investigated. The free acidity, peroxide value, spectrophotometric indices (K232 and K270), fatty acids, sterols, and tocopherol contents were assessed. The samples were also scanned by FTIR spectroscopy. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and four classification methods, Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Soft Independent Modelling of Class Analogy (SIMCA), K-nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Support Vector Machines (SVM), were applied on both the chemical and spectral data. Besides the conventional chemical profiling, FTIR spectra were evaluated for their feasibility as a rapid non-invasive approach for classifying and predicting the oil quality categories. The most important variables for differentiating the oil categories were identified as K232, peroxide value, ɣ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, acidity, stigma-8-22-dien-3β-ol, stearic acid (C18:0) and linoleic acid (C18:2) and could be used as quality indicators. Eight chemical descriptors or key features from the FTIR spectra (selected by interval-PLS) could also be established as indicators of quality and freshness of Argan oils.
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang X, Liu G, He J, Kang N, Yuan R, Fan N. Determination of sugar content in Lingwu jujube by NIR-hyperspectral imaging. J Food Sci 2021; 86:1201-1214. [PMID: 33770419 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Near infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) with a spectral range of 900 to 1700 nm was for the first time used to predict the changes of sugar content in Lingwu jujube during storage. Monte Carlo method was adopted to detect outliers, and multiple scattering correction (MSC), standard normal variate transformation (SNV), and Baseline were used to optimize modeling. Competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), interval variable iterative space shrinkage approach (iVISSA), and interval random frog (IRF) were used to select optimal wavelengths. In addition, partial least square regression (PLSR) and support vector machine (SVM) modeling based on optimal wavelengths were compared. The results showed that 30, 30, and 24 wavelengths were selected by CARS; 106, 87, and 112 feature wavelengths were selected by iVISSA; and 96, 71, and 83 optimal wavelengths were selected by IRF for sucrose, fructose, and glucose, respectively. The CARS-PLSR models provided the best results for fructose and glucose, and iVISSA-SVM model was better for sucrose. The results indicated that NIR-HSI model may be used as a rapid and nondestructive method for the determination of sugar content in jujubes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yang
- School of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Guishan Liu
- School of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jianguo He
- School of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ningbo Kang
- School of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ruirui Yuan
- School of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Naiyun Fan
- School of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhang Y, Wu M, Xi J, Pan C, Xu Z, Xia W, Zhang W. Multiple-fingerprint analysis of Poria cocos polysaccharide by HPLC combined with chemometrics methods. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 198:114012. [PMID: 33713882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the multiple fingerprints, which were integrated with HPGFC-ELSD (high performance gel filtration chromatography - evaporative light scattering detector) fingerprint, PMP-HPLC-DAD (1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone-high performance liquid chromatography - diode array detector) fingerprint of complete acid hydrolysates and HILIC-HPLC-ELSD (hydrophilic interaction - high performance liquid chromatography - evaporative light scattering detector) fingerprint of enzyme hydrolysates, were established to evaluate the quality of polysaccharides from Poria cocos (PCPs). The similarity evaluation showed that 16 batches of PCPs from different origins had high similarity in structural characteristics based on the multiple fingerprints. The chromatographic data of multiple fingerprints of PCPs were fused, processed and analyzed by chemometric methods including HCA (hierarchical cluster analysis), PCA (principal component analysis) and PLS-DA (partial least squares discriminant analysis). The 16 batches of PCPs were divided into 3 categories in PCA, indicating a certain relationship between the structural characteristics and the origins. PLS-DA analysis indicated that Man, Glc, Gal, Fuc, the components with m/z of 2.22 × 104∼1.53 × 104 Da and 3.46 × 103∼2.69 × 103 Da, oligosaccharides with DPs of 6 and 7, respectively, could be regarded as potential chemical markers for the classification of PCPs from different origins. According to the multiple fingerprints and chemometric analysis, the two commercial samples were proved to be adulterants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jingrui Xi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Chen Pan
- Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhizhen Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lin P, Wang Q, Liu Y, Jiang H, Lv W, Lan T, Qin Z, Yao X, Yao Z. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the chemical profile for Gualou-Xiebai-Banxia decoction, a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of coronary heart disease, by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS combined with chemometric analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 197:113950. [PMID: 33609948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.113950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Gualou-Xiebai-Banxia decoction (GXB) is one of the famous classical traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula for the treatment of chest stuffiness and pains syndrome in Chinese medicine, i.e., coronary heart disease (CHD) in modern medicine. Being compared with Gualou-Xiebai Baijiu-decoction which only consists of Trichosanthis Pericarpium (TP), Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus (AMB) and wine, GXB is composed of another one additional herbal medicine, Pinellinae Rhizoma Praeparatum (PRP), and is more suitable to treat severe atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. However, the comprehensive chemical composition of GXB is still unclear, which has seriously hindered the discovery of its effective components for improving the clinical symptoms of CHD. The present study aimed to investigate the overall chemical profile of GXB qualitatively and quantitatively by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS), and further explore the chemical contribution of PRP to this formula combined with chemometric approach. First, a total of 151 components, including steroidal saponins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, nitrogenous and other types components, were detected and characterized by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS in GXB. Then, flavonoids and nitrogenous could be qualitatively observed enrichment in GXB compared to those in GXB-dePRP (GXB deducted PRP in the formula). Furthermore, 19 characteristic components were selected for quantitative comparison between GXB and GXB-dePRP by UPLC-MS/MS combined with chemometric method. These findings indicated that steroidal saponins were the most abundant components in GXB, while the introduction of PRP could not only enrich the structural types of chemical compounds in this formula, but also increase the abundance of active components from other composed herbal medicines, TP and AMB. Taken together, this study developed and validated sensitive and practical methods for qualitative and quantitative analysis of GXB, and clarified the chemical contribution of PRP to this formula. These results laid a solid chemical foundation for further in vivo disposal investigation to screen out the potential effective components as well as therapeutic mechanism research of GXB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Yuehe Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Han Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Weihui Lv
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Taohua Lan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Zifei Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China.
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Zhihong Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Melnyk N, Pawłowska KA, Ziaja M, Wojnowski W, Koshovyi O, Granica S, Bazylko A. Characterization of herbal teas containing lime flowers - Tiliae flos by HPTLC method with chemometric analysis. Food Chem 2020; 346:128929. [PMID: 33450644 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Linden trees are a source of food products called lime flowers (Tiliae flos), traditionally used in the form of infusion for the treatment of feverish colds and coughs. Lime flowers should include flowers of Tilia cordata Mill, T.x europaea L., and T. platyphyllos Scop. or a mixture of these. The aim of current research was to establish a fast, sensitive HPTLC (high-performance thin-layer chromatography) method that would allow the differentiation of material obtained from five species of lime occurring in Europe. The fingerprints for distinguishing these species were established, as well as a key for identification based on a visual evaluation of chromatograms. The results obtained were also subjected to chemometric analyses. It was shown that each species contains characteristic compounds i.e. linarin that can be used for their identification. The method developed can, in theory, be introduced for the quality control or authentication of linden flowers on the European market.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Melnyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Centre for Preclinical Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska Str., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
| | - Karolina A Pawłowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Centre for Preclinical Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Ziaja
- Institute of Physical Culture Studies, Rzeszów University, Cicha 2a, 35-326 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Wojnowski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk 80-233, Poland.
| | - Oleh Koshovyi
- National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska Str., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
| | - Sebastian Granica
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Centre for Preclinical Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Bazylko
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Centre for Preclinical Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Seopela MP, McCrindle RI, Combrinck S, Augustyn W. Occurrence, distribution, spatio-temporal variability and source identification of n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and sediment from Loskop dam, South Africa. Water Res 2020; 186:116350. [PMID: 32882453 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the spatial and temporal variations in the levels of C8-C40 n-alkanes and 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediment from Loskop Dam (Mpumalanga Province South Africa), were investigated between 2015 and 2017. In addition, their sources, which have not been well defined, were also studied over the period. This water body is sourced from a historically contaminated water body, the Olifants River, which flows through areas where a range of industrial and agricultural activities take place. Mass crocodile and fish mortalities have been recorded in this aquatic system, and contamination by organic pollutants were highlighted as a contributing factor. The total average n-alkane concentrations in water and sediments ranged from 0.574±00811 to 18.8±1.39 µg/L and 4760±243 to 30700±906 µg/kg, respectively. Similarly, PAHs were detected at total average concentrations of between 0.150±00494 and 49.8±6.86 µg/L in water and 61.6±5.95 to 2618±300 µg/kg. n-Alkane and PAH diagnostic ratios indicated a mixture of sources of these compounds, attributed to terrestrial, submerged and floating plant material, as well as petrogenic and pyrogenic combustion. Inlet, middle and upper segment site clustering was observed with non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), mainly driven by the prevalence of PAHs at the inlet sites and n-alkanes in the upper reaches. By using indicator compounds, the sources of contamination could be predicted. The strategy described here can be applied to any water body for continuous long-term monitoring of pollutant levels and to identify sources attributing to water pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathapelo Pearl Seopela
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524 Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa.
| | - Robert Ian McCrindle
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Sandra Combrinck
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Wilma Augustyn
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Aramendia J, de Vallejuelo SFO, Maguregui M, Martinez-Arkarazo I, Giakoumaki A, Martí AP, Madariaga JM, Ruiz JF. Long-term in situ non-invasive spectroscopic monitoring of weathering processes in open-air prehistoric rock art sites. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:8155-8166. [PMID: 32979075 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02949-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, an innovative non-destructive monitoring methodology based on the analysis over time of open-air rock art sites is presented. This approach is based on the combination of in situ spectroscopic and chemometric studies to diagnose and monitor the state of conservation of rock art sites. Data acquired over a period of time by non-invasive analytical techniques such as portable Raman spectrometry (RS) and handheld energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (HH-EDXRF) spectrometry are compared to detect physicochemical changes that could affect the rock painting integrity. To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed procedure, three analysis campaigns (between 2013 and 2016) were carried out, analyzing Levantine rock pictographs preserved in the rock shelter of Solana de las Covachas VI (Albacete, Spain; see Electronic Supplementary Material (ESM) Fig. S1). The analyzed areas showed different types of active weathering processes such as gypsum and calcium oxalate formation, giving rise to conservation issues such as painting fading, surface loss, microbial colonizations, and formation of crusts. Results evidence that the proposed methodology can be very useful to monitor chemical changes in the surface of the walls where the rock art is located, thus obtaining crucial information for its preservation and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julene Aramendia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Silvia Fdez-Ortiz de Vallejuelo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Maite Maguregui
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, Spain
| | - Irantzu Martinez-Arkarazo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Anastasia Giakoumaki
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (IESL-FORTH), 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Africa Pitarch Martí
- Seminari d'Estudis i Recerques Prehistòriques (SERP), Facultat de Geografia i Història, Departamentd'Història i Arqueologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Montalegre 6, 08001, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Madariaga
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Ruiz
- Departamento de Historia, Área de Prehistoria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación y Humanidades, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Avda. de los Alfares 42, 16002, Cuenca, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Đorđević T, Milošević M, Antov M. Advance diversity of enzymatically modified arabinoxylan from wheat chaff. Food Chem 2021; 339:128093. [PMID: 33152881 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hydrolysates of arabinoxylan extracted from wheat chaff were prepared using different enzymatic treatments with an emphasis on improvements in their anti-diabetic, antioxidant and functional characteristics. The extracted arabinoxylan was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using individual xylanase, arabinofuranosidase, and feruloyl esterase, and their combinations. In all obtained hydrolysates, peaks corresponding to molecular weight lower than 38 kDa were noticed, while non-hydrolysed arabinoxylan had only peaks corresponding to 580 and 38 kDa. Results indicated that applied enzymes could hydrolyse polymeric arabinoxylan while their synergistic actions successfully modified its structure reflecting in lowered viscosity. Besides, it has been observed that the synergistic actions of enzymes improved the biological activities of arabinoxylan more than twice. Chemometric classification analysis showed that synergistic enzymes' actions were predominantly responsible for the improvement of biological activities. It indicated that they might be a useful tool for diversification and enhancement of biological activities of arabinoxylan from wheat chaff.
Collapse
|
47
|
Chen Z, Li Q, Yu Z, Yan X, Wang W, Xie Y, Hu H, Wang Z. Analysis of the similarities and differences between Auclandia and Vladimirae rhizomes by chemical profiling and chemometric analysis. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 255:112719. [PMID: 32114164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aucklandiae Radix (AR) and Vladimiriae Radix (VR), as traditional Chinese medicine, have been included in many editions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia with similar efficacy such as promoting qi and relieving pain, which are used to treat chest, hypochondriac, abdominal fullness and pain, diarrhea and tenesmus. In most conditions, VR is used to be a substitute of AR or a local habit. However, whether VR could substitute for AR to play a same role in the formulation and clinical applications needs further study. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, similarities and differences between AR and VR would be assessed, and possible reasons that may influence the efficacy of the AR and VR would be explained from the perspective of chemical composition. MATERIALS AND METHODS HPLC-PDA was used to obtain the data of 10 batches of AR and VR, and to establish chemical fingerprint and chemometric analysis. UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS was used to identify the structure of chemical compounds which contributed to the differences between AR and VR. RESULTS The chemical fingerprint analysis results showed that 20 peaks in common for AR and 26 peaks in common for VR both presented a good similarity (>0.9), and 15 peaks in common for AR and VR also showed a good similarity (>0.9). Nevertheless, chemometric showed AR was distinct from VR and three chemical compounds, which leading to their differences, were identified by UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS. The three chemical compounds were 3β-acetoxy-11β-guaia-4 (15),10 (14)-diene-12,6α-olide, 10α,14-epoxy-11β-guaia-4 (15)-ene-12,6α-olide and costunolide, respectively. CONCLUSION In general, AR and VR were highly similar, but their differences were deserved to be paid attention to. This research could provide reference for quality control and set a foundation for clinical applications of AR and VR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qijuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ziwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiaomin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Huiling Hu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Zhanguo Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Laboratory of Metabonomics, Standard Research and Extension Base& Collaborative Innovation Center of Qiang Medicine, School of Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Egbueri JC, Ezugwu CK, Ameh PD, Unigwe CO, Ayejoto DA. Appraising drinking water quality in Ikem rural area (Nigeria) based on chemometrics and multiple indexical methods. Environ Monit Assess 2020; 192:308. [PMID: 32328812 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08277-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The continuous deterioration of drinking water quality supplies by several anthropogenic activities is a serious global challenge in recent times. In this current study, the drinking water quality of Ikem rural agricultural area (southeastern Nigeria) was assessed using chemometrics and multiple indexical methods. Twenty-five groundwater samples were collected from hand-dug wells and analyzed for physicochemical parameters such as pH, major ions, and heavy metals. The pH of the samples (which ranged between 5.2 and 6.7) indicated that waters were slightly acidic. Cations and anions (except for phosphate) were within their respective standard limits. Except for Mn, heavy metals were also found to be below their maximum allowable limits. Factor analysis identified both geogenic processes and anthropogenic inputs as possible origins of the analyzed physicochemical parameters. Modified heavy metal index, geoaccumulation index, and overall index of pollution revealed that all the hand-dug wells were in excellent condition, and hence safe for drinking purposes. However, pollution load index, water quality index (WQI), and entropy-weighted water quality index (EWQI) revealed that some wells (about 8-12%) were slightly contaminated, and hence are placed in good water category. A hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was performed based on the integration of the WQI and EWQI results. The HCA revealed two major quality categories of the samples. While the first cluster comprises of samples classified as excellent drinking water by both WQI and EWQI models, the second cluster comprises of about 12% samples which were identified as good water by either the WQI or EWQI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johnbosco C Egbueri
- Department of Geology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Nigeria.
| | | | - Peter D Ameh
- Department of Applied Geology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS29JT, UK
| | - Chinanu O Unigwe
- Department of Physics/Geology/Geophysics, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Daniel A Ayejoto
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Tse P, Bryan SA, Bessen NP, Lines AM, Shafer JC. Review of on-line and near real-time spectroscopic monitoring of processes relevant to nuclear material management. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1107:1-13. [PMID: 32200882 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Spectroscopic chemometric based on-line monitoring of used nuclear fuel (UNF) reprocessing solutions and characterization of legacy nuclear waste (LNW) stored at Hanford is discussed in this manuscript. Utilizing on-line and near real-time monitoring, as opposed to traditional off-line monitoring, can significantly reduce the cost, risk and improve the efficiency of characterizing UNF and LNW processing streams. Specifically, this manuscript will highlight the benefits of spectroscopy-based monitoring approaches, which generally include the ability to collect data non-destructively. Furthermore, significant literature precedence supports the use of various real-time analysis methods, including chemometric analysis, that enable near-instantaneous conversion of spectroscopic data into information useable by process operators. This approach can accurately quantify and qualify nuclear material in near-real time enabling immediate condition characterization and potential diversion detection within UNF reprocessing streams and LNW. The ability to be applied in a real reprocessing plant and in an actual Hanford waste tank/transfer pipe has been demonstrated by applying this technique to accurately quantify analytes in real UNF streams and LNW samples. The future development of spectroscopy-based on-line monitoring is also discussed in this manuscript.
Collapse
|
50
|
Bergamo G, Seraglio SKT, Gonzaga LV, Fett R, Costa ACO. Use of visible spectrophotometric fingerprint and chemometric approaches for the differentiation of Mimosa scabrella Bentham honeydew honey. J Food Sci Technol 2020; 57:3966-3972. [PMID: 33071318 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04425-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Honeydew honeys, including bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella Bentham) honeydew honey, are highly appreciated due to its nutritional and sensory properties. Therefore, fast and inexpensive methods must be developed to differentiate this distinct class of honey. Although methods using the visible spectrophotometric fingerprint (VSF) have never been used to differentiate bracatinga honeydew honey and blossom honey, this technique appears to be a viable alternative, successfully used in the differentiation and fraud detection of various foods, including honeys from other botanical sources. In this sense, the present study aimed to verify the existence of a specific VSF for bracatinga honeydew honey and blossom honey and differentiate both type of honeys using the VSF associated with chemometric analysis. The VSF of 30 bracatinga honeydew honeys harvested in three different years (2014, 2016, and 2018) and 21 blossom honeys (harvested in 2016) were evaluated. The existence of a different VSF for bracatinga honeydew honeys and blossom honeys allowed the satisfactory differentiation of both types of honeys. Additionally, bracatinga honeydew honey presented a unique VSF, independent of the year of harvest, which can be exploited as a fingerprint of this type of honey, contributing to its authenticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Greici Bergamo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC Brazil
| | | | - Luciano Valdemiro Gonzaga
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC Brazil
| | - Roseane Fett
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|