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Milcamps R, Michiels T. Involvement of paraspeckle components in viral infections. Nucleus 2024; 15:2350178. [PMID: 38717150 PMCID: PMC11086011 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2350178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Paraspeckles are non-membranous subnuclear bodies, formed through the interaction between the architectural long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) and specific RNA-binding proteins, including the three Drosophila Behavior/Human Splicing (DBHS) family members (PSPC1 (Paraspeckle Component 1), SFPQ (Splicing Factor Proline and Glutamine Rich) and NONO (Non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding protein)). Paraspeckle components were found to impact viral infections through various mechanisms, such as induction of antiviral gene expression, IRES-mediated translation, or viral mRNA polyadenylation. A complex involving NEAT1 RNA and paraspeckle proteins was also found to modulate interferon gene transcription after nuclear DNA sensing, through the activation of the cGAS-STING axis. This review aims to provide an overview on how these elements actively contribute to the dynamics of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romane Milcamps
- Université catholique de Louvain, de Duve Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Michiels
- Université catholique de Louvain, de Duve Institute, Brussels, Belgium
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Shu J, Yang C, Miao Y, Li J, Zheng T, Xiao J, Kong W, Xu Z, Feng H. USP46 promotes the interferon antiviral signaling in black carp by deubiquitinating TBK1. Dev Comp Immunol 2024; 156:105170. [PMID: 38522716 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 46 (USP46) functions as a deubiquitinating enzyme, facilitating the removal of ubiquitin molecules attached to substrate proteins and playing a critical role in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. However, its function in innate antiviral immunity is unknown. In this study we cloned and identified bcUSP46, a homolog of USP46 from black carp. We discovered that overexpression of bcUSP46 enhanced the transcription of interferon (IFN) promoters and increased the expression of IFN, PKR, and Mx1. In addition, bcUSP46 knockdown significantly inhibited the expression of ISG genes, as well as the antiviral activity of the host cells. Interestingly, when bcUSP46 was co-expressed with the RLR factors, it significantly enhanced the activity of the IFN promoter mediated by these factors, especially TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). The subsequent co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and immunofluorescence (IF) assay confirmed the association between bcUSP46 and bcTBK1. Noteworthily, co-expression of bcUSP46 with bcTBK1 led to an elevation of bcTBK1 protein level. Further analysis revealed that bcUSP46 stabilized bcTBK1 by eliminating the K48-linked ubiquitination of bcTBK1. Overall, our findings highlight the unique role of USP46 in modulating TBK1/IFN signaling and enrich our knowledge of the function of deubiquitination in regulating innate immunity in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yujia Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianle Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
| | - Weiguang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
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MacFawn I, Farris J, Pifer P, Margaryan NV, Akhter H, Wang L, Dziadowicz S, Denvir J, Hu G, Frisch SM. Grainyhead-like-2, an epithelial master programmer, promotes interferon induction and suppresses breast cancer recurrence. Mol Immunol 2024; 170:156-169. [PMID: 38692097 PMCID: PMC11106721 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Type-I and -III interferons play a central role in immune rejection of pathogens and tumors, thus promoting immunogenicity and suppressing tumor recurrence. Double strand RNA is an important ligand that stimulates tumor immunity via interferon responses. Differentiation of embryonic stem cells to pluripotent epithelial cells activates the interferon response during development, raising the question of whether epithelial vs. mesenchymal gene signatures in cancer potentially regulate the interferon pathway as well. Here, using genomics and signaling approaches, we show that Grainyhead-like-2 (GRHL2), a master programmer of epithelial cell identity, promotes type-I and -III interferon responses to double-strand RNA. GRHL2 enhanced the activation of IRF3 and relA/NF-kB and the expression of IRF1; a functional GRHL2 binding site in the IFNL1 promoter was also identified. Moreover, time to recurrence in breast cancer correlated positively with GRHL2 protein expression, indicating that GRHL2 is a tumor recurrence suppressor, consistent with its enhancement of interferon responses. These observations demonstrate that epithelial cell identity supports interferon responses in the context of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian MacFawn
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 5051 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5115 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Joshua Farris
- Wake Forest University, Department of Radiation Oncology, 1 Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Phillip Pifer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, WVU Cancer Institute, 1 Medical Drive, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Naira V Margaryan
- WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Halima Akhter
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, Box 9142, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, Box 9142, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Sebastian Dziadowicz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, Box 9142, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - James Denvir
- Byrd Biotechnology Center, Marshall University, One John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Gangqing Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, Box 9142, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
| | - Steven M Frisch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, 64 Medical Center Drive, Box 9142, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506.
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Xu HT, Zheng Q, Tai ZG, Jiang WC, Xie SQ, Luo Y, Fei XY, Luo Y, Ma X, Kuai L, Zhang Y, Wang RP, Li B, Zhu QG, Song JK. Formononetin attenuates psoriasiform inflammation by regulating interferon signaling pathway. Phytomedicine 2024; 128:155412. [PMID: 38579666 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a long-lasting, inflammatory, continuous illness caused through T cells and characterized mainly by abnormal growth and division of keratinocytes. Currently, corticosteroids are the preferred option. However, prolonged use of traditional topical medication can lead to adverse reactions and relapse, presenting a significant therapeutic obstacle. Improved alternative treatment options are urgently required. Formononetin (FMN) is a representative component of isoflavones in Huangqi (HQ) [Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.]. It possesses properties that reduce inflammation, combat oxidation, inhibit tumor growth, and mimic estrogen. Although FMN has been shown to ameliorate skin barrier devastation via regulating keratinocyte apoptosis and proliferation, there are no reports of its effectiveness in treating psoriasis. OBJECTIVE Through transcriptomics clues and experimental investigation, we aimed to elucidate the fundamental mechanisms underlying FMN's action on psoriasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell viability was examined using CCK8 assay in this study. The results of analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between FMN-treated HaCaT cells and normal HaCaT cells using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) were presented on volcano plots and heatmap. Enrichment analysis was conducted on DEGs using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO), and results were validated through RT-qPCR verification. After 12 days of FMN treatment in psoriasis mouse model, we gauged the PASI score and epidermis thickness. A variety of techniques were used to assess FMN's effectiveness on inhibiting inflammation and proliferation related to psoriasis, including RT-qPCR, HE staining, western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS The findings indicated that FMN could suppress the growth of HaCaT cells using CCK8 assay (with IC50 = 40.64 uM) and 20 uM FMN could reduce the level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) to the greatest extent. FMN-treated HaCaT cells exhibited 985 up-regulated and 855 down-regulated DEGs compared to normal HaCaT cells. GO analysis revealed that DEGs were linked to interferon (IFN) signaling pathway. Furthermore, FMN improved pathological features, which encompassed decreased erythema, scale, and thickness scores of skin lesions in psoriasis mouse model. In vivo experiments confirmed that FMN down-regulated expression of IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, decreased secretion of TNF-α and IL-17 inflammatory factors, inhibited expression of IFN-related chemokines included Cxcl9, Cxcl10, Cxcl11 and Cxcr3 and reduced expression of transcription factors p-STAT1, p-STAT3 and IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) in the imiquimod (IMQ) group. CONCLUSIONS In summary, these results suggested that FMN played an anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative role in alleviating psoriasis by inhibiting IFN signaling pathway, and FMN could be used as a potential therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Tian Xu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Qi Zheng
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Zong-Guang Tai
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Wen-Cheng Jiang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Shao-Qiong Xie
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Yue Luo
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Fei
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine and Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China; Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Le Kuai
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine and Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Rui-Ping Wang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine and Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Quan-Gang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.
| | - Jian-Kun Song
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine and Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.
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Zhang Y, Cen J, Wu H, Gao W, Jia Z, Adamek M, Zou J. Autophagy mediated degradation of MITA/TBK1/IRF3 by a hnRNP family member attenuates interferon production in fish. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 149:109563. [PMID: 38642725 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
HnRNP A/B belongs to the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) family and plays an important role in regulating viral protein translation and genome replication. Here, we found that overexpression of hnRNP A/B promoted spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) and cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV3) replication. Further, hnRNP A/B was shown to act as a negative regulator of type I interferon (IFN) response. Mechanistically, hnRNP A/B interacted with MITA, TBK1 and IRF3 to initiate their degradation. In addition, hnRNP A/B bound to the kinase domain of TBK1, the C terminal domain of MITA and IAD domain of IRF3, and the RRM1 domain of hnRNP A/B bound to TBK1, RRM2 domain bound to IRF3 and MITA. Our study provides novel insights into the functions of hnRNP A/B in regulating host antiviral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jing Cen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Haixia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Wa Gao
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhiying Jia
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150070, China
| | - Mikolaj Adamek
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266200, China.
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Yang C, Shu J, Yang X, Miao Y, Liu J, Li J, Xiao J, Kong W, Xu Z, Feng H. USP14 negatively regulates IFN signaling by dampening K63-linked ubiquitination of TBK1 in black carp. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 149:109559. [PMID: 38636737 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
USP14 regulates the immune related pathways by deubiquitinating the signaling molecules in mammals. In teleost, USP14 is also reported to inhibit the antiviral immune response through TBK1, but its regulatory mechanism remains obscure. To elucidate the role of USP14 in the RLR/IFN antiviral pathway in teleost, the homolog USP14 (bcUSP14) of black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) has been cloned and characterize in this paper. bcUSP14 contains 490 amino acids (aa), and the sequence is well conserved among in vertebrates. Over-expression of bcUSP14 in EPC cells attenuated SVCV-induced transcription activity of IFN promoters and enhanced SVCV replication. Knockdown of bcUSP14 in MPK cells led to the increased transcription of IFNs and decreased SVCV replication, suggesting the improved antiviral activity of the host cells. The interaction between bcUSP14 and bcTBK1 was identified by both co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent staining. Co-expressed bcUSP14 obviously inhibited bcTBK1-induced IFN production and antiviral activity in EPC cells. K63-linked polyubiquitination of bcTBK1 was dampened by co-expressed bcUSP14, and bcTBK1-mediated phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of IRF3 were also inhibited by this deubiquitinase. Thus, all the data demonstrated that USP14 interacts with and inhibits TBK1 through deubiquitinating TBK1 in black carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Juanjuan Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yujia Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Ji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Study and Utilization of Ethnic Medicinal Plant Resources, College of Biological and Food Engineering, Huaihua University, Huaihua, 418008, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Weiguang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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Jiang S, Guo S, Huang Y, Xu J, Li Y, Zeng Y, Guo Y, Ouyang L, Zhu C, Zhao W, Zhang Q, Guo Q, Xin H, Xie Q. Interim analysis of the PARADISE study: Benefits of add-on peg interferon-α in NA-treated patients with CHB. Antiviral Res 2024; 226:105892. [PMID: 38663455 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether peginterferon-α (IFN) add-on nucleos(t)ide analogs(NAs) can further reduce hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) risk compared with NAs monotherapy in NA-treated patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). In this multi-center randomized controlled trial "PARADISE study" (NCT05671315), CHB patients with intermediate to high risk of HCC after more than 24-week NAs pretreatment were recruited, randomized to two groups at a ratio of 1:2 and followed up for 240 weeks. NAs group maintained NAs monotherapy, while IFN + NAs group received IFN add-on NAs therapy for 48 weeks, then switched to NAs monotherapy. Totally, 196 patients were included in interim analysis (NAs group 68, IFN + NAs group 128). The 96-week cumulative HCC incidence was lower in IFN + NAs group than NAs group (0% vs. 4.5%, p < 0.05). Compared with NAs group, IFN + NAs group had significantly higher rates of HBsAg loss at week 48 and 96 (22.7% vs. 0%; 16.7% vs. 0%, both p < 0.05). A new scoring system was established to predict HBsAg decline >2log10 IU/ml, HBsAg <10 IU/ml or HBsAg loss at the end of 48-week IFN treatment. The area under ROC curve was 0.914, 0.922 or 0.905 in the original cohort (n = 128) and 0.896, 0.896 or 0.864 in the external validation cohort (n = 162) for the aforementioned three outcomes, respectively. IFN add-on NAs therapy may suggest the dual benefits of reducing HCC development and facilitating HBsAg loss among NA-treated CHB patients with intermediate to high risk of HCC. The new scoring system helps to make the most of IFN treatment for a higher cost-effectiveness in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowen Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Simin Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yilan Zeng
- Department of Hepatology, Chengdu Public Health Clinical Medical Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Guo
- Department of Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lijuan Ouyang
- Department of Hepatology, Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chuanwu Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weifeng Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xinxiang Medical University Third Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haiguang Xin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Ke Z, Wen J, Wang Y, Li B, Wu S, Zhang D, Mo X, Li Y, Ren Y, Yin J, Shi C, Wang Q, Zheng S. Interferon regulatory factors inhibit TiLV replication by activating interferon-a3 in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Dev Comp Immunol 2024; 155:105152. [PMID: 38408717 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) is an emerging virus that seriously threatens the tilapia industries worldwide. Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs), which are the crucial mediators regulating the response of interferon (IFN) to combat invading viruses, have not yet been reported in tilapia during TiLV infection. Here, six IRF (IRF1, IRF2, IRF4, IRF7, IRF8, and IRF9) homologs from tilapia were characterized and analyzed. These IRFs typically shared the conserved domains and phylogenetic relationship with IRF homologs of other species. Tissue distribution analysis showed that all six IRF genes were expressed in various tissues, with the highest expression in immune-related tissues. Furthermore, overexpression of IRFs in tilapia brain (TiB) cells significantly inhibited TiLV propagation, as evidenced by decreased viral segment 8 gene transcripts and copy numbers of viral segment 1. More importantly, all six IRF genes significantly enhanced the promoter activity of type I interferon-a3 (IFNa3) in TiB cells, suggesting that tilapia IRF genes serve as positive regulators in activating IFNa3. Surprisingly, the promoter activity of IFNa3 mediated by IRF genes was markedly inhibited post-TiLV infection, indicating that TiLV antagonized IRF-mediated IFN immune response. Taken together, six IRF genes of tilapia are highly conserved transcription factors that inhibit TiLV infection by activating the promoter of IFNa3, which is in turn restrained by TiLV. These findings broaden our knowledge about the functionality of IRF-mediated antiviral immunity in tilapia against TiLV infection and host-TiLV interaction, which lays a foundation for developing antiviral strategies in tilapia cultural industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishan Ke
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Bo Li
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Siyu Wu
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Defeng Zhang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Xubing Mo
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Yan Ren
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Jiyuan Yin
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Cunbin Shi
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
| | - Shucheng Zheng
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
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9
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Papachristodoulou E, Kyttaris VC. New and emerging therapies for systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Immunol 2024; 263:110200. [PMID: 38582250 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis treatment is still based on non-specific immune suppression despite the first biological therapy for the disease having been approved more than a decade ago. Intense basic and translational research has uncovered a multitude of pathways that are actively being evaluated as treatment targets in SLE and lupus nephritis, with two new medications receiving FDA approval in the last 3 years. Herein we provide an overview of targeted therapies for SLE including medications targeting the B lymphocyte compartment, intracellular signaling, co-stimulation, and finally the interferons and other cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Papachristodoulou
- Division of Rheumatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vasileios C Kyttaris
- Division of Rheumatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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10
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Liu WD, Feng PH, Cheng CY, Chou CL, Lee CH, Lu MC, Liu PY, Lee MH, Liao CH, Chen MC, Chen CP, Hsu SF, Tzeng YT, Lin YC, Ou TY, Qin A, Tsai CY, Shih WJ, Lee KY, Sheng WH. A Phase 3, Randomized, Controlled Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Ropeg interferon Alfa-2b in Patients with Moderate COVID-19. Infect Dis Ther 2024:10.1007/s40121-024-00992-5. [PMID: 38771550 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-024-00992-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ropeginterferon alfa-2b is a novel mono-pegylated proline-interferon. This clinical study aimed to evaluate its antiviral efficacy of ropeginterferon alfa-2b against SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS This is a multicenter, randomized, open-label study. Adult patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection with initial cycle threshold (Ct) value < 30 and symptom onset within 4 days were enrolled. Eligible patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive a single 250-µg dose of ropeginterferon alfa-2b subcutaneously plus standard of care (SOC) or to receive SOC alone. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with a negative RT-PCR result for SARS-CoV-2 or discharged from the hospital before Day 8. Change in clinical status based on the World Health Organization (WHO) clinical progression scale and pulmonary infiltrations through chest radiograph were also evaluated. RESULTS A total of 132 patients were enrolled and treated with study medication. Higher percentages of patients who achieved Ct ≥ 30 or were discharged from the hospital were observed on Day 8 and every other time point of assessment, i.e., Days 5, 11, 15, and 22, in the ropeginterferon alfa-2b group compared to the SOC alone group. However, the difference was statistically significant on Day 11 but not on Day 8. The primary endpoint was not met. The ropeginterferon alfa-2b group showed a higher improvement rate in lung infiltration on Day 5 (27.6% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.0087) and a higher improvement rate in WHO clinical progression scores on Day 8 (69.4% vs. 35.3%, p = 0.03) than those in the SOC group. No ropeginterferon alfa-2b-related serious adverse event was observed. CONCLUSION Our data show that ropeginterferon alfa-2b with SOC shortened the duration of SARS-CoV-2 shedding compared with SOC alone. In addition, ropeginterferon alfa-2b as an additional therapy could be beneficial by improving lung infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Da Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hao Feng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Cheng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Chou
- Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wang Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chi Lu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsing Liao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chuan Chen
- Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Pin Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Fu Hsu
- Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tien Tzeng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wang Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Lin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Yih Ou
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Wang Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Albert Qin
- Department of Medical Research and Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yen Tsai
- Department of Medical Research and Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Kang-Yun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wang-Huei Sheng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan, ROC.
- School of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1, Jen Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
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Kong X, Wang Q, Wang X, Yang K, Nie S, Li Y, Lao W, Yu X, Zhang Y, Li Z, Liu Y, Ning J, Wang Y, Bi C, Wu C, Zhai A. LINC01002 functions as a ceRNA to regulate FRMD8 by sponging miR-4324 for the development of COVID-19. Virol J 2024; 21:109. [PMID: 38734674 PMCID: PMC11088083 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02382-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has developed various strategies to evade the antiviral impact of type I IFN. Non-structural proteins and auxiliary proteins have been extensively researched on their role in immune escape. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanisms of structural protein-induced immune evasion have not been well elucidated. METHODS Human alveolar basal epithelial carcinoma cell line (A549) was stimulated with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (PIC) and independently transfected with four structural proteins expression plasmids, including nucleocapsid (N), spike (S), membrane (M) and envelope (E) proteins. By RT-qPCR and ELISA, the structural protein with the most pronounced inhibitory effects on IFN-β induction was screened. RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) and two differential analysis strategies were used to obtain differentially expressed genes associated with N protein inhibition of IFN-β induction. Based on DIANA-LncBase and StarBase databases, the interactive competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network for N protein-associated genes was constructed. By combining single-cell sequencing data (GSE158055), lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis was further determined. Finally, RT-qPCR was utilized to illustrate the regulatory functions among components of the ceRNA axis. RESULTS SARS-CoV-2 N protein inhibited IFN-β induction in human alveolar epithelial cells most significantly compared with other structural proteins. RNA-Seq data analysis revealed genes related to N protein inhibiting IFNs induction. The obtained 858 differentially expressed genes formed the reliable ceRNA network. The function of LINC01002-miR-4324-FRMD8 axis in the IFN-dominated immune evasion was further demonstrated through integrating single-cell sequencing data. Moreover, we validated that N protein could reverse the effect of PIC on LINC01002, FRMD8 and miR-4324 expression, and subsequently on IFN-β expression level. And LINC01002 could regulate the production of FRMD8 by inhibiting miR-4324. CONCLUSION SARS-CoV-2 N protein suppressed the induction of IFN-β by regulating LINC01002 which was as a ceRNA, sponging miR-4324 and participating in the regulation of FRMD8 mRNA. Our discovery provides new insights into early intervention therapy and drug development on SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Kong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Qinjin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Xumeng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Kaming Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Shuping Nie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yuetong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Wanwen Lao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Zhenlin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Jie Ning
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Changlong Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Aixia Zhai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
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12
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Wang Y, Liu S, Wang W, Liu L, Zhao Y, Qin Q, Huang X, Huang Y. SGIV VP82 inhibits the interferon response by degradation of IRF3 and IRF7. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 150:109611. [PMID: 38734119 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
During virus-host co-evolution, viruses have developed multiple strategies to dampen IFN response and prevent its antiviral activity in host cells. To date, the interactions between host IFN response and the immune evasion strategies exploited by fish iridoviruses still remain largely uncertain. Here, a potential immune evasion protein candidate of Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV), VP82 (encoded by SGIV ORF82) was screened and its roles during viral replication were investigated in detail. Firstly, VP82 overexpression dramatically decreased IFN or ISRE promoter activity and the transcription levels of IFN stimulated genes (ISGs) stimulated by grouper cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (EccGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes (EcSTING), TANK-binding kinase 1 (EcTBK1), IFN regulatory factor 3 (EcIRF3)and EcIRF7. Secondly, Co-IP assays indicated that VP82 interacted with EcIRF3 and EcIRF7, but not EcSTING and EcTBK1, which was consistent with the co-localization between VP82 and EcIRF3 or EcIRF7. Furthermore, VP82 promoted the degradation of EcIRF3 and EcIRF7 in a dose-dependent manner via the autophagy pathway. Finally, VP82 overexpression accelerated SGIV replication, evidenced by the increased transcriptions of viral core genes and viral production. Moreover, the antiviral action of EcIRF3 or EcIRF7 was significantly depressed in VP82 overexpressed cells. Together, VP82 was speculated to exert crucial roles for SGIV replication by inhibiting the IFN response via the degradation of IRF3 and IRF7. Our findings provided new insights into understanding the immune evasion strategies utilized by fish iridovirus through IFN regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shanxing Liu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenji Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511464, China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yin Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511464, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511464, China.
| | - Youhua Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511464, China.
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13
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Aringer M, Toro-Domínguez D, Alarcón-Riquelme ME. Classification of systemic lupus erythematosus: From the development of classification criteria to a new taxonomy? Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2024:101949. [PMID: 38729901 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2024.101949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
SLE is a highly variable systemic autoimmune disease. Its immunopathological effector phase is partly understood. However, the background of its variability is not. SLE classification criteria have been relying on the clinical manifestations and standard autoimmune serology. This still holds true for the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria. On one hand, this has led to significant precision in defining patients with SLE. On the other hand, the information in the criteria neither helps understanding the individual patient's pathophysiology, nor does it predict the efficacy of the available immunomodulatory therapies. Chances of further improvement of clinical criteria are most likely limited. This is where new multi-omic approaches have started to make an impact. While not yet able to differentiate diseases with the same precision as the classification criteria, the results of these studies go far beyond the scope of the criteria with regard to immune dysregulation. Looking at both sides in detail, we here try to synthesize the available data, aiming at a better understanding of SLE and its immune pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Aringer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Daniel Toro-Domínguez
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer / University of Granada / Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Andalusia, Spain
| | - Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer / University of Granada / Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Andalusia, Spain; Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Di Dato F, Iorio R. Expanding indications for chronic hepatitis B treatment: Is it really desirable to treat everyone? World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:2294-2297. [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i17.2294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic viral hepatitis causes an increased risk of progressive liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. On the wave of the World Health Organization’s goal to reduce new cases and deaths from hepatitis B and C by 2030, there is an increasing call to expand the indications for treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Currently, the main goal of treatment is to achieve a functional cure due to the inability of current drugs to completely eradicate the virus. There are still many discrepancies between available guidelines in terms of eligibility for treatment as well as an uncertainty about the appropriate treatment duration. This editorial addresses key questions about the topic and whether indications for treatment should be expanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Di Dato
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Raffaele Iorio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
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15
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Wang Y, Shen Y, Liang J, Wang S, Huang Y, Zhu Q, Zhang X, Yu K, Tong G, Yang C, Li Y, Wang J, Zhao Y. Neurons upregulate PD-L1 via IFN/STAT1/IRF1 to alleviate damage by CD8 + T cells in cerebral malaria. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:119. [PMID: 38715061 PMCID: PMC11077882 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03114-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral malaria (CM) is the most lethal complication of malaria, and survivors usually endure neurological sequelae. Notably, the cytotoxic effect of infiltrating Plasmodium-activated CD8+ T cells on cerebral microvasculature endothelial cells is a prominent feature of the experimental CM (ECM) model with blood-brain barrier disruption. However, the damage effect of CD8+ T cells infiltrating the brain parenchyma on neurons remains unclear. Based on the immunosuppressive effect of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway on T cells, our previous study demonstrated that the systemic upregulation of PD-L1 to inhibit CD8+ T cell function could effectively alleviate the symptoms of ECM mice. However, it has not been reported whether neurons can suppress the pathogenic effect of CD8+ T cells through the PD-1/PD-L1 negative immunomodulatory pathway. As the important inflammatory factor of CM, interferons can induce the expression of PD-L1 via different molecular mechanisms according to the neuro-immune microenvironment. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the direct interaction between CD8+ T cells and neurons, as well as the mechanism of neurons to alleviate the pathogenic effect of CD8+ T cells through up-regulating PD-L1 induced by IFNs. METHODS Using the ECM model of C57BL/6J mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA), morphological observations were conducted in vivo by electron microscope and IF staining. The interaction between the ECM CD8+ T cells (immune magnetic bead sorting from spleen of ECM mice) and primary cultured cortical neurons in vitro was observed by IF staining and time-lapse photography. RNA-seq was performed to analyze the signaling pathway of PD-L1 upregulation in neurons induced by IFNβ or IFNγ, and verified through q-PCR, WB, IF staining, and flow cytometry both in vitro and in vivo using IFNAR or IFNGR gene knockout mice. The protective effect of adenovirus-mediated PD-L1 IgGFc fusion protein expression was verified in ECM mice with brain stereotaxic injection in vivo and in primary cultured neurons via viral infection in vitro. RESULTS In vivo, ECM mice showed infiltration of activated CD8+ T cells and neuronal injury in the brain parenchyma. In vitro, ECM CD8+ T cells were in direct contact with neurons and induced axonal damage, as an active behavior. The PD-L1 protein level was elevated in neurons of ECM mice and in primary cultured neurons induced by IFNβ, IFNγ, or ECM CD8+ T cells in vitro. Furthermore, the IFNβ or IFNγ induced neuronal expression of PD-L1 was mediated by increasing STAT1/IRF1 pathway via IFN receptors. The increase of PD-L1 expression in neurons during PbA infection was weakened after deleting the IFNAR or IFNGR. Increased PD-L1 expression by adenovirus partially protected neurons from CD8+ T cell-mediated damage both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that both type I and type II IFNs can induce neurons to upregulate PD-L1 via the STAT1/IRF1 pathway mediated by IFN receptors to protect against activated CD8+ T cell-mediated damage, providing a targeted pathway to alleviate neuroinflammation during ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Air Force Medical University, 169# Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Air Force Medical University, 169# Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jiao Liang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Air Force Medical University, 169# Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shubiao Wang
- Grade 2020 Clinical Medicine (Five-Year Program), Basic Medical College, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuxiao Huang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Air Force Medical University, 169# Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qinghao Zhu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Air Force Medical University, 169# Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xizhi Zhang
- Grade 2019 Clinical Medicine (Five-Year Program), Basic Medical College, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kangjie Yu
- Department of Pathology, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guodong Tong
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Air Force Medical University, 169# Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Air Force Medical University, 169# Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Ya Zhao
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Air Force Medical University, 169# Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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De Clercq E. A scientific career from the early 1960s till 2023: A tale of the various protagonists. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116248. [PMID: 38701868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
In this era spanning more than 60 years (from the early 1960s till today (2023), a broad variety of actors played a decisive role: Piet De Somer, Tom C. Merigan, Paul A. Janssen, Maurice Hilleman, and Georges Smets. Two protagonists (Antonín Holý and John C. Martin) formed with me a unique triangle (the Holý Trinity). Walter Fiers' group (with the help of Jean Content) contributed to the cloning of human β-interferon, and Piet Herdewijn accomplished the chemical synthesis of an array of anti-HIV 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside analogues. Rudi Pauwels, Masanori Baba, Dominique Schols, Johan Neyts, Lieve Naesens, Anita Van Lierde, Graciela Andrei, Robert Snoeck and Dirk Daelemans, as members of my team, helped me in achieving the intended goal, the development of a selective therapy for virus infections. The collaboration with "Lowie" (Guangdi Li) generated a new dimension for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik De Clercq
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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17
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Renaudineau Y, Charras A, Natoli V, Fusaro M, Smith EMD, Beresford MW, Hedrich CM. Type I interferon associated epistasis may contribute to early disease-onset and high disease activity in juvenile-onset lupus. Clin Immunol 2024; 262:110194. [PMID: 38508295 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Pathologic type I interferon (T1IFN) expression is a key feature in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that associates with disease activity. When compared to adult-onset disease, juvenile-onset (j)SLE is characterized by increased disease activity and damage, which likely relates to increased genetic burden. To identify T1IFN-associated gene polymorphisms (TLR7, IRAK1, miR-3142/miR-146a, IRF5, IRF7, IFIH1, IRF8, TYK2, STAT4), identify long-range linkage disequilibrium and gene:gene interrelations, 319 jSLE patients were genotyped using panel sequencing. Coupling phenotypic quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis identified 10 jSLE QTL that associated with young age at onset (<12 years; IRAK1 [rs1059702], TLR7 [rs3853839], IFIH1 [rs11891191, rs1990760, rs3747517], STAT4 [rs3021866], TYK2 [rs280501], IRF8 [rs1568391, rs6638]), global disease activity (SLEDAI-2 K >10; IFIH1 [rs1990760], STAT4 [rs3021866], IRF8 [rs903202, rs1568391, rs6638]), and mucocutaneous involvement (TLR7 [rs3853839], IFIH1 [rs11891191, rs1990760]). This study suggests T1IFN-associated polymorphisms and gene:gene interrelations in jSLE. Genotyping of jSLE patients may allow for individualized treatment and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Renaudineau
- Immunology Department Laboratory, Referral Medical Biology Laboratory, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, Toulouse University Hospital Center, France; INFINITy, Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, INSERM U1291, CNRS U5051, University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Amandine Charras
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Valentina Natoli
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK; Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, riabilitazione, oftalmologia, genetica e scienze materno-infantili, DINOGMI, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mathieu Fusaro
- Immunology Department Laboratory, Referral Medical Biology Laboratory, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, Toulouse University Hospital Center, France; INFINITy, Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, INSERM U1291, CNRS U5051, University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Eve M D Smith
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK; Department of Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael W Beresford
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK; Department of Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christian M Hedrich
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK; Department of Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
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18
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Yang X, Dong Y, Wang Y, Liu S, Huang X, Huang Y, Qin Q. The antiviral role of largemouth bass STING against iridovirus infection. Fish & Shellfish Immunology 2024; 148:109480. [PMID: 38452958 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Stimulator of interferon gene (STING) plays a crucial role in the innate immune response against viral and bacterial pathogens. However, its function in largemouth bass iridovirus (LMBV) infection remains uncertain. Here, a STING homolog (MsSTING) from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) was cloned and characterized. MsSTING encoded a 407-amino-acid polypeptide, which shared 84.08% and 41.45% identity with golden perch (Perca flavescens) and human (Homo sapiens) homologs, respectively. MsSTING contained four transmembrane domains and a conserved C-terminal domain. The mRNA level of MsSTING was significantly increased in response to LMBV infection in vitro. Subcellular localization observation indicated that MsSTING encoded a cytoplasmic protein, which co-localized predominantly with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially with mitochondria. Moreover, its accurate localization was dependent on the N-terminal transmembrane motif (TM) domains. MsSTING was able to activate interferon (IFN) response, evidenced by the activation of IFN1, IFN3 and ISRE promoters by its overexpression in vitro. Mutant analysis showed that both the N-terminal and C-terminal domain of MsSTING were essential for its activation on IFN response. In addition, overexpression of MsSTING inhibited the transcription and protein levels of viral core genes, indicating that MsSTING exerted antiviral action against LMBV. Consistently, the inhibitory effects were significantly attenuated when the N-terminal or C-terminal domains of MsSTING was deleted. Furthermore, MsSTING overexpression upregulated the transcriptions of interferon-related genes and pro-inflammatory factors, including TANK-binding kinase 1(TBK1), interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), interferon stimulated exonuclease gene 20 (ISG20), interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1(IFITM1), interferon γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Together, MsSTING exerted antiviral action upon LMBV infection through positive regulation the innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Yang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuyun Dong
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shanxin Liu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511464, China
| | - Youhua Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511464, China.
| | - Qiwei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511464, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, 519082, China.
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19
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Xu D, Hu J, Mei J, Zhou J, Wang Z, Zhang X, Liu Q, Su Z, Zhu W, Liu H, Zhu C. Nanoadjuvant-triggered STING activation evokes systemic immunotherapy for repetitive implant-related infections. Bioact Mater 2024; 35:82-98. [PMID: 38283386 PMCID: PMC10818060 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Repetitive implant-related infections (IRIs) are devastating complications in orthopedic surgery, threatening implant survival and even the life of the host. Biofilms conceal bacterial-associated antigens (BAAs) and result in a "cold tumor"-like immune silent microenvironment, allowing the persistence of IRIs. To address this challenge, an iron-based covalent organic framed nanoadjuvant doped with curcumin and platinum (CFCP) was designed in the present study to achieve efficient treatment of IRIs by inducing a systemic immune response. Specifically, enhanced sonodynamic therapy (SDT) from CFCP combined with iron ion metabolic interference increased the release of bacterial-associated double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Immunogenic dsDNA promoted dendritic cell (DC) maturation through activation of the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) and amplified the immune stimulation of neutrophils via interferon-β (IFN-β). At the same time, enhanced BAA presentation aroused humoral immunity in B and T cells, creating long-term resistance to repetitive infections. Encouragingly, CFCP served as neoadjuvant immunotherapy for sustained antibacterial protection on implants and was expected to guide clinical IRI treatment and relapse prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, PR China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Long Hua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Jiawei Mei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Zhengxi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Zheng Su
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Wanbo Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Hongjian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, PR China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
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20
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Zentsova I, Klocperk A, Bloomfield M, Kubesova H, Malcova H, Cebecauerova D, Horvath R, Sediva A, Parackova Z. Tumor-necrosis factor α-rich environment alters type-I interferon response to viral stimuli in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis by altering myeloid dendritic cell phenotype. Clin Immunol 2024; 262:110170. [PMID: 38460895 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The balance between the tumor-necrosis factor α (TNFα) and type-I interferon (T1IFN) pathways is crucial for proper immune function. Dysregulation of either pathway can contribute to autoimmune diseases development. Even though TNFα blockade has shown promising results in various autoimmune diseases, the effect on the balance between TNFα and T1IFN is elusive. We used targeted anti-TNFα therapies in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) as an experimental approach to study the cross-regulation between TNFα and type-I IFN. We found that TNFα-rich environment affected viral defense through the attenuation of T1IFN responses and affected the phenotype and distribution of myeloid dendritic cells, which are engaged in early viral infections. Anti-TNFα therapy normalized the observed deviations in JIA patients. We hypothesize that the inadequate immune response caused by a high TNFα environment could be projected to more frequent or lengthy viral infections and possibly play a role in the process of JIA disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Zentsova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, V Uvalu 84, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Adam Klocperk
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, V Uvalu 84, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Bloomfield
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, V Uvalu 84, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Kubesova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, V Uvalu 84, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Malcova
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Rheumatology, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Dita Cebecauerova
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Rheumatology, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Horvath
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Rheumatology, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Sediva
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, V Uvalu 84, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Parackova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, V Uvalu 84, Prague, Czech Republic.
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21
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Chivé C, Martίn-Faivre L, Eon-Bertho A, Alwardini C, Degrouard J, Albinet A, Noyalet G, Chevaillier S, Maisonneuve F, Sallenave JM, Devineau S, Michoud V, Garcia-Verdugo I, Baeza-Squiban A. Exposure to PM 2.5 modulate the pro-inflammatory and interferon responses against influenza virus infection in a human 3D bronchial epithelium model. Environ Pollut 2024; 348:123781. [PMID: 38492752 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies showed a positive association between exposure to PM2.5 and the severity of influenza virus infection. However, the mechanisms by which PM2.5 can disrupt antiviral defence are still unclear. From this perspective, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of PM2.5 on antiviral signalling in the respiratory epithelium using the bronchial Calu-3 cell line grown at the air-liquid interface. Pre-exposure to PM2.5 before infection with the influenza virus was investigated, as well as a co-exposure. Although a physical interaction between the virus and the particles seems possible, no effect of PM2.5 on viral replication was observed during co-exposure, although a downregulation of IFN-β release was associated to PM2.5 exposure. However, pre-exposure slightly increased the viral nucleoprotein production and the pro-inflammatory response. Conversely, the level of the myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA), an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) induced by IFN-β, was reduced. Therefore, these results suggest that pre-exposure to PM2.5 could alter the antiviral response of bronchial epithelial cells, increasing their susceptibility to viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Chivé
- Université Paris Cité, Functional and Adaptive Biology Unit, UMR8251-CNRS, Paris, France; French Environment and Energy Management Agency 20, Avenue Du Grésillé - BP, 90406 49004, Angers, France
| | - Lydie Martίn-Faivre
- Université Paris Cité, Inflamex Excellence Laboratory, INSERM UMR-1152-PHERE, F-75018, Paris, France
| | - Alice Eon-Bertho
- Université Paris Cité, Functional and Adaptive Biology Unit, UMR8251-CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Alwardini
- Université Paris Cité, Functional and Adaptive Biology Unit, UMR8251-CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Jéril Degrouard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Alexandre Albinet
- Institut National de L'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Parc Technologique Alata BP2, 60550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Gael Noyalet
- Université Paris Cité and Université Paris Est Créteil, CNRS, LISA, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Servanne Chevaillier
- Université Paris Cité and Université Paris Est Créteil, CNRS, LISA, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Franck Maisonneuve
- Université Paris Est Créteil and Université Paris Cité, CNRS, LISA, F-94010, Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Michel Sallenave
- Université Paris Cité, Inflamex Excellence Laboratory, INSERM UMR-1152-PHERE, F-75018, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Devineau
- Université Paris Cité, Functional and Adaptive Biology Unit, UMR8251-CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Michoud
- Université Paris Cité and Université Paris Est Créteil, CNRS, LISA, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Ignacio Garcia-Verdugo
- Université Paris Cité, Inflamex Excellence Laboratory, INSERM UMR-1152-PHERE, F-75018, Paris, France.
| | - Armelle Baeza-Squiban
- Université Paris Cité, Functional and Adaptive Biology Unit, UMR8251-CNRS, Paris, France
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22
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Wang C, Wang X, Zhang S, Xu P, Cheng L. Causal relationships between interleukins, interferons and COVID-19 risk: a Mendelian randomization study. Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:2387-2396. [PMID: 37660260 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2252461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Observational studies have shown close associations between COVID-19 risk and cytokines, especially interleukins (ILs) and interferons (IFNs). However, the causal relationships between ILs, IFNs and COVID-19 were still unclear. To resolve the problem, we conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis between COVID-19 and 47 cytokines, including 35 ILs and 12 IFNs. First, three methods were applied to estimate causal effects by using single nucleotide polymorphisms as instrumental variables (IVs). Subsequently, the MR-Egger method was used to estimate the horizontal pleiotropy of IVs. Finally, sensitivity analyses were applied to assess the robustness of results. As a result, one IFN (IFN-W1) and five ILs (IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, IL-16 and IL-37) were identified to significantly decrease the COVID-19 risk. In contrast, one IFN (IFNG) and five ILs (IL-3, IL-8, IL-27, IL-31 and IL-36β) were found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of COVID-19. In summary, the findings of this study provide insights into potential therapeutic interventions for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sainan Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Peigang Xu
- Chongqing Research Institute of Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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23
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Periyasamy T, Ming-Wei L, Velusamy S, Ahamed A, Khan JM, Pappuswamy M, Viswakethu V. Functional characterization of Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) interferon regulatory factor 9 involved in antiviral response. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131282. [PMID: 38565369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
IRF9 is a crucial component in the JAK-STAT pathway. IRF9 interacts with STAT1 and STAT2 to form IFN-I-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3) in response to type I IFN stimulation, which promotes ISG transcription. However, the mechanism by which IFN signaling regulates Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) IRF9 is still elusive. Here, we explored the nd tissue-specific mRNA distribution of the MgIRF9 gene, as well as its antiviral function in E. malabaricus. MgIRF9 encodes a protein of 438 amino acids with an open reading frame of 1317 base pairs. MgIRF9 mRNA was detected in all tissues of a healthy M. grouper, with the highest concentrations in the muscle, gills, and brain. It was significantly up-regulated by nervous necrosis virus infection and poly (I:C) stimulation. The gel mobility shift test demonstrated a high-affinity association between MgIRF9 and the promoter of zfIFN in vitro. In GK cells, grouper recombinant IFN-treated samples showed a significant response in ISGs and exhibited antiviral function. Subsequently, overexpression of MgIRF9 resulted in a considerable increase in IFN and ISGs mRNA expression (ADAR1, ADAR1-Like, and ADAR2). Co-immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that MgIRF9 and STAT2 can interact in vivo. According to the findings, M. grouper IRF9 may play a role in how IFN signaling induces ISG gene expression in grouper species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirunavukkarasu Periyasamy
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Aquaculture, The College of Life Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore 641105, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Lu Ming-Wei
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Aquaculture, The College of Life Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan
| | - Sharmila Velusamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore 641105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anis Ahamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manikantan Pappuswamy
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka 560029, India
| | - Velavan Viswakethu
- Department of Biotechnology, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore 641105, Tamil Nadu, India
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24
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Parveen M, Karaosmanoglu B, Sucularli C, Uner A, Taskiran EZ, Esendagli G. Acquired immune resistance is associated with interferon signature and modulation of KLF6/c-MYB transcription factors in myeloid leukemia. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350717. [PMID: 38462943 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Resistance to immunity is associated with the selection of cancer cells with superior capacities to survive inflammatory reactions. Here, we tailored an ex vivo immune selection model for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and isolated the residual subpopulations as "immune-experienced" AML (ieAML) cells. We confirmed that upon surviving the immune reactions, the malignant blasts frequently decelerated proliferation, displayed features of myeloid differentiation and activation, and lost immunogenicity. Transcriptomic analyses revealed a limited number of commonly altered pathways and differentially expressed genes in all ieAML cells derived from distinct parental cell lines. Molecular signatures predominantly associated with interferon and inflammatory cytokine signaling were enriched in the AML cells resisting the T-cell-mediated immune reactions. Moreover, the expression and nuclear localization of the transcription factors c-MYB and KLF6 were noted as the putative markers for immune resistance and identified in subpopulations of AML blasts in the patients' bone marrow aspirates. The immune modulatory capacities of ieAML cells lasted for a restricted period when the immune selection pressure was omitted. In conclusion, myeloid leukemia cells harbor subpopulations that can adapt to the harsh conditions established by immune reactions, and a previous "immune experience" is marked with IFN signature and may pave the way for susceptibility to immune intervention therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubaida Parveen
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Beren Karaosmanoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ceren Sucularli
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Aysegul Uner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ekim Z Taskiran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
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25
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Parsons EL, Kim JS, Malloy AMW. Development of innate and adaptive immunity to RSV in young children. Cell Immunol 2024; 399-400:104824. [PMID: 38615612 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2024.104824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Infection of the respiratory tract with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is common and occurs repeatedly throughout life with most severe disease occurring at the extremes of age: in young infants and the elderly. Effective anti-viral therapeutics are not available and therefore prevention has been the primary strategy for reducing the disease burden. Our current understanding of respiratory mucosal cell biology and the immune response within the respiratory tract is inadequate to prevent infection caused by a pathogen like RSV that does not disseminate outside of this environment. Gaps in our understanding of the activation of innate and adaptive immunity in response to RSV and the role of age upon infection also limit improvements in the design of therapeutics and vaccines for young infants. However, advancements in structural biology have improved our ability to characterize antibodies against viral proteins and in 2023 the first vaccines for those over 60 years and pregnant women became available, potentially reducing the burden of disease. This review will examine our current understanding of the critical facets of anti-RSV immune responses in infants and young children as well as highlight areas where more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jisung S Kim
- Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD, USA
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26
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Gao Y, Chu W, Hou L, Cheng J, Zhong G, Xia B, Guo L. Comparing the effects of argon plasma coagulation and interferon therapy in patients with vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia: a single-center retrospective study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024:10.1007/s00404-024-07477-3. [PMID: 38683394 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07477-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of argon plasma coagulation (APC) therapy and interferon therapy in patients with grade I and II vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN). METHODS A total of 112 patients with VaIN were diagnosed via colposcopy-induced biopsy and classified into the APC group (n = 77) and interferon group (n = 35). Clinical data including age, grade, symptoms, historical or concomitant neoplasia of the lower genital tract, indications for hysterectomy, pregnancy history, cytology, human papillomavirus (HPV) subtype, treatment modalities, and clinical outcomes were analyzed, retrospectively. Complications and clinical outcomes were assessed at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the HPV clearance rate between the APC (53.42%) and interferon (33.33%) groups at 6 months after treatment. However, the 12-month follow-up of the APC group showed a significantly higher HPV clearance rate as compared to the interferon group (87.67% vs. 51.52%, P < 0.05). The APC group exhibited a significantly higher cure rate (79.22% vs. 40.0%) and lower persistence rate (12.99% vs. 37.14%) than the interferon group (P < 0.05). Adverse reaction analysis revealed that the primary reaction in the APC group was vaginal drainage, in contrast to the increased vaginal discharge in the interferon group; though the difference was significant (68.83% vs. 28.57%, P < 0.05), no serious complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with APC is a safe and more effective procedure against VaIN I and II, compared to interferon. APC may serve as a viable alternative to other physiotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Department of Gynecology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Weixin Chu
- Department of Gynecology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Junlan Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Guyue Zhong
- Department of Gynecology, Ansteel Group General Hospital, Anshan, Liaoning, China
| | - Baoguo Xia
- Department of Gynecology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Gynecology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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Huo L, Montano E, Tumurkhuu G, Bose M, Berman DS, Wallace D, Wei J, Ishimori M, Merz CNB, Jefferies C. Alterations in genes associated with cytosolic RNA sensing in whole blood are associated with coronary microvascular disease in SLE. Res Sq 2024:rs.3.rs-4171759. [PMID: 38746373 PMCID: PMC11092805 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4171759/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are 90% women and over three times more likely to die of cardiovascular disease than women in the general population. Chest pain with no obstructive cardiac disease is associated with coronary microvascular disease (CMD), where narrowing of the small blood vessels can lead to ischemia, and frequently reported by SLE patients. Using whole blood RNA samples, we asked whether gene signatures discriminate SLE patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) on cardiac MRI (n=4) from those without (n=7) and whether any signaling pathway is linked to the underlying pathobiology of SLE CMD. RNA-seq analysis revealed 143 differentially expressed (DE) genes between the SLE and healthy control (HC) groups, with virus defense and interferon (IFN) signaling being the key pathways identified as enriched in SLE as expected. We next conducted a comparative analysis of genes differentially expressed in SLE-CMD and SLE-non-CMD relative to HC samples. Our analysis highlighted differences in IFN signaling, RNA sensing and ADP-ribosylation pathways between SLE-CMD and SLE-non-CMD. This is the first study to investigate possible gene signatures associating with CMD in SLE, and our data strongly suggests that distinct molecular mechanisms underly vascular changes in CMD and non-CMD involvement in SLE.
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Zhao J, Chen XY, Zheng SJ. [Research progress on the effect of hepatitis B virus DNA integration on antiviral therapy]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2024; 32:375-379. [PMID: 38733195 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20230724-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA integration occurs during the reverse transcription process of HBV replication, which develops in the early stages of HBV infection and accompanies the entire disease course. The integration of HBV DNA is detrimental to the attainment of clinical cure goals and also raises the risk of developing liver cancer. Theoretically, nucleos(t)ide analogs can reduce the synthesis of new double-stranded linear DNA, but there is no clearance function for hepatocytes that have already integrated HBV. Therefore, patients with serum HBV DNA-negative conversions still have the risk of developing liver cancer. As an immunomodulatory drug, interferon can not only inhibit viral replication but also inhibit or even eliminate existing clonally amplified hepatocytes carrying integrated HBV DNA fragments. However, there are currently few studies on the effects of nucleos(t)ide analogues and interferon therapy on HBV DNA integration. Thus, large-scale clinical studies are urgently needed for further clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- First Department of Liver Disease Center, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - X Y Chen
- First Department of Liver Disease Center, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - S J Zheng
- First Department of Liver Disease Center, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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Cauquil L, Beaumont M, Schmaltz-Panneau B, Liaubet L, Lippi Y, Naylies C, Bluy L, Poli M, Gress L, Lencina C, Duranthon V, Combes S. Coprophagia in early life tunes expression of immune genes after weaning in rabbit ileum. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8898. [PMID: 38632468 PMCID: PMC11024171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59591-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Coprophagia by suckling rabbits, i.e. ingestion of feces from their mother, reduces mortality after weaning. We hypothesized that this beneficial effect of coprophagia is immune-mediated at the intestinal level. Therefore, this study investigated immune development after weaning by analyzing the ileal transcriptome at day 35 and 49 in rabbits with differential access to coprophagia in early life. Rabbit pups had access between day 1 and 15 to (i) no feces (NF) or (ii) feces from unrelated does (Foreign Feces, FF) or (iii) feces from unrelated does treated with antibiotics (FFab). 350 genes were differentially expressed between day 35 and day 49 in suckling rabbits with access to coprophagia. These genes coded for antimicrobial peptides, a mucin, cytokines and chemokines, pattern recognition receptors, proteins involved in immunoglobulin A secretion and in interferon signaling pathway. Strikingly, prevention of coprophagia or access to feces from antibiotic-treated does in early life blunted immune development between day 35 et 49 in the ileum of rabbits. Thus, coprophagia might be crucial for the maturation of intestinal immunity in rabbits and could explain why this behavior improves survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cauquil
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - M Beaumont
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - B Schmaltz-Panneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - L Liaubet
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Y Lippi
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - C Naylies
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - L Bluy
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - M Poli
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - L Gress
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - C Lencina
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - V Duranthon
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - S Combes
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
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Carey CM, Hollins HL, Schmid AV, Gagnon JA. Distinct features of the regenerating heart uncovered through comparative single-cell profiling. Biol Open 2024; 13:bio060156. [PMID: 38526188 PMCID: PMC11007736 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Adult humans respond to heart injury by forming a permanent scar, yet other vertebrates are capable of robust and complete cardiac regeneration. Despite progress towards characterizing the mechanisms of cardiac regeneration in fish and amphibians, the large evolutionary gulf between mammals and regenerating vertebrates complicates deciphering which cellular and molecular features truly enable regeneration. To better define these features, we compared cardiac injury responses in zebrafish and medaka, two fish species that share similar heart anatomy and common teleost ancestry but differ in regenerative capability. We used single-cell transcriptional profiling to create a time-resolved comparative cell atlas of injury responses in all major cardiac cell types across both species. With this approach, we identified several key features that distinguish cardiac injury response in the non-regenerating medaka heart. By comparing immune responses to injury, we found altered cell recruitment and a distinct pro-inflammatory gene program in medaka leukocytes, and an absence of the injury-induced interferon response seen in zebrafish. In addition, we found a lack of pro-regenerative signals, including nrg1 and retinoic acid, from medaka endothelial and epicardial cells. Finally, we identified alterations in the myocardial structure in medaka, where they lack primordial layer cardiomyocytes and fail to employ a cardioprotective gene program shared by regenerating vertebrates. Our findings reveal notable variation in injury response across nearly all major cardiac cell types in zebrafish and medaka, demonstrating how evolutionary divergence influences the hidden cellular features underpinning regenerative potential in these seemingly similar vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clayton M. Carey
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Hailey L. Hollins
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Alexis V. Schmid
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - James A. Gagnon
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Henry Eyring Center for Cell & Genome Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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31
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Sun B, Vindas MA, Kavaliauskiene S, Bjørgen H, Koppang EO, Wisløff H, Frisk M, Lund H, Johansen IB. Persistent immune responses in the heart determine the outcome of cardiomyopathy syndrome in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 147:109404. [PMID: 38325590 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) caused by piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV) is a severe cardiac disease in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the Norwegian aquaculture industry. Previous research suggest a variation in individual susceptibility to develop severe disease, however the role of the immune response in determining individual outcome of CMS is poorly understood particularly in cases where fish are also challenged by stress. The present study's aim was therefore to characterize cardiac transcriptional responses to PMCV infection in Atlantic salmon responding to infection under stressful conditions with a high versus low degree of histopathological damage. The study was performed as a large-scale controlled experiment of Atlantic salmon smolts from pre-challenge to 12 weeks post infection (wpi) with PMCV, during which fish were exposed to intermittent stressors. RNA sequencing (RNAseq) was used to compare the heart transcriptome of high responders (HR) with atrium histopathology score '4' and low responders (LR) with score '0.5' at 12 wpi. A high-throughput quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis was used to compare immune gene transcription between individuals sampled at 6, 9 and 12 wpi. Based on RNAseq and qPCR results, RNAscope in situ hybridization (ISH) was performed for visualization of IFN-γ - and IFNb producing immune cells in affected heart tissue. Compared to LR, the transcription of 1592 genes was increased in HR at 12 wpi. Of these genes, around. 40 % were immune-related, including various chemokines, key antiviral response molecules, and genes. associated with a Th1 pro-inflammatory immune response. Further, the qPCR analysis confirmed. increased immune gene transcription in HR at both 9 and 12 wpi, despite a decrease in PMCV. transcription between these time points. Interestingly, increased IFNb transcription in HR suggests the. presence of high-quantity IFN secreting cells in the hearts of these individuals. Indeed, RNAscope. confirmed the presence of IFN-γ and IFNb-positive cells in the heart ventricle of HR but not LR. To conclude, our data indicate that in severe outcomes of PMCV infection various chemokines attract leucocytes to the salmon heart, including IFN-γ and IFNb-secreting cells, and that these cells play important roles in maintaining persistent antiviral responses and a sustained host immunopathology despite decreasing heart viral transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojian Sun
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Marco A Vindas
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | - Håvard Bjørgen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Erling Olaf Koppang
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | - Michael Frisk
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hege Lund
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Ida B Johansen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.
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32
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Silveira Prudente A, Hoon Lee S, Roh J, Luckemeyer DD, Cohen CF, Pertin M, Park CK, Suter MR, Decosterd I, Zhang JM, Ji RR, Berta T. Microglial STING activation alleviates nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain in male but not female mice. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:51-65. [PMID: 38190983 PMCID: PMC11034751 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia, resident immune cells in the central nervous system, play a role in neuroinflammation and the development of neuropathic pain. We found that the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is predominantly expressed in spinal microglia and upregulated after peripheral nerve injury. However, mechanical allodynia, as a marker of neuropathic pain following peripheral nerve injury, did not require microglial STING expression. In contrast, STING activation by specific agonists (ADU-S100, 35 nmol) significantly alleviated neuropathic pain in male mice, but not female mice. STING activation in female mice leads to increase in proinflammatory cytokines that may counteract the analgesic effect of ADU-S100. Microglial STING expression and type I interferon-ß (IFN-ß) signaling were required for the analgesic effects of STING agonists in male mice. Mechanistically, downstream activation of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and the production of IFN-ß, may partly account for the analgesic effect observed. These findings suggest that STING activation in spinal microglia could be a potential therapeutic intervention for neuropathic pain, particularly in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Silveira Prudente
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sang Hoon Lee
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jueun Roh
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Physiology, Gachon Pain Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Debora D Luckemeyer
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Cinder F Cohen
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Marie Pertin
- Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chul-Kyu Park
- Department of Physiology, Gachon Pain Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Marc R Suter
- Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Decosterd
- Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jun-Ming Zhang
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ru-Rong Ji
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Departments of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Temugin Berta
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Masarova L, Chifotides HT. SOHO State of the Art Update and Next Questions: Novel Therapies for Polycythemia Vera. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2024; 24:141-148. [PMID: 38135633 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
In the recent years, landmark advancements in the treatment of polycythemia vera (PV) have been achieved. We witnessed the regulatory approval of ropeginterferon and the advanced clinical development of other novel agents that may affect the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease. Agents with the potential of disease modification may soon overtake preceding treatment options that were based on the patient's age and history of thrombosis. Recent studies using ropeginterferon in low-risk PV patients earlier in the disease course challenge the current treatment paradigm and shift the focus on modifying the course of the disease. Hepcidin mimetics offer an excellent alternative to phlebotomy, providing better quality of life, and may lead to improved outcomes in PV by tight hematocrit control. Novel agents, such as histone deacetylase inhibitors, hold promise to complement the therapeutic landscape of PV and might be particularly promising in rationale combinations. Ruxolitinib is well established as an approved second-line treatment for PV. In the frontline setting, the precise role of ruxolitinib, which also represents an appealing agent in combination regimens, will be determined in ongoing research studies. Longer follow-up is necessary to assess whether novel agents/regimens elicit fewer thromboembolic/ hemorrhagic events and halt disease progression to myelofibrosis and acute myeloid leukemia. We aspire that disease-modifying approaches in PV are on the horizon, and that we will be empowered to ultimately change the natural course of the disease and profoundly impact the lives of PV patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Masarova
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030.
| | - Helen T Chifotides
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030
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Pei S, Wei Y, Li Z, Zhong H, Dong J, Yi Z, Hou R, Kong W, Xiao J, Xu Z, Feng H. GSTP1 is a negative regulator of MAVS in the antiviral signaling against SVCV infection. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 146:109426. [PMID: 38316349 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), the most ubiquitous member of the GST superfamily, plays vital roles in the detoxification, antioxidant defense, and modulation of inflammatory responses. However, limited studies have been conducted on the function of GSTP1 in antiviral innate immunity. In this study, we have cloned the homolog of GSTP1 in triploid hybrid crucian carp (3nGSTP1) and investigated its regulatory role in the interferon signaling pathway. The open reading frame of 3nGSTP1 is composed of 627 nucleotides, encoding 209 amino acids. In response to spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) infection, the mRNA level of 3nGSTP1 was up-regulated in the liver, kidney, and caudal fin cell lines (3 nF C) of triploid fish. The knockdown of 3nGSTP1 in 3 nF C improved host cell's antiviral capacity and attenuated SVCV replication. Additionally, overexpression of 3nGSTP1 inhibited the activation of IFN promoters induced by SVCV infection, poly (I:C) stimulation, or the RLR signaling factors. The co-immunoprecipitation assays further revealed that 3nGSTP1 interacts with 3nMAVS. In addition, 3nGSTP1 dose-dependently inhibited 3nMAVS-mediated antiviral activity and reduced 3nMAVS protein level. Mechanistically, 3nGSTP1 promoted ubiquitin-proteasome degradation of MAVS by promoting its K48-linked polyubiquitination. To conclude, our results indicate that GSTP1 acts as a novel inhibitor of MAVS, which negatively regulates the IFN signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaibin Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingbing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Huijuan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinyang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zewen Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruixin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiguang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
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Chen X, Zhang W, Huang H, Yi M, Jia K. Sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus) UBC9 augments RGNNV infection by hindering RLRs- interferon response. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 146:109408. [PMID: 38307301 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is a reversible post-translational modification that regulates various biological processes in eukaryotes. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 9 (UBC9) is the sole E2-conjugating enzyme responsible for SUMOylation and plays an important role in essential cellular functions. Here, we cloned the UBC9 gene from sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus) (LjUBC9) and investigated its role in regulating the IFN response during red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) infection. The LjUBC9 gene consisted of 477 base pairs and encoded a polypeptide of 158 amino acids with an active site cysteine residue and a UBCc domain. Phylogenetic analysis showed that LjUBC9 shared the closest evolutionary relationship with UBC9 from Paralichthys olivaceus. Tissue expression profile analysis demonstrated that LjUBC9 was significantly increased in multiple tissues of sea perch following RGNNV infection. Further experiments showed that overexpression of LjUBC9 significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of RGNNV capsid protein in LJB cells infected with RGNNV, nevertheless knockdown of LjUBC9 had the opposite effect, suggesting that LjUBC9 exerted a pro-viral effect during RGNNV infection. More importantly, we found that the 93rd cysteine is crucial for its pro-viral effect. Additionally, dual luciferase assays revealed that LjUBC9 prominently attenuated the promoter activities of sea perch type Ⅰ interferon (IFN) in RGNNV-infected cells, and overexpression of LjUBC9 markedly suppressed the transcription of key genes associated with RLRs-IFN pathway. In summary, these findings elucidate that LjUBC9 impairs the RLRs-IFN response, resulting in enhanced RGNNV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Wanwan Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Hao Huang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Meisheng Yi
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Kuntong Jia
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
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Lee AM, Laurent P, Nathan CF, Barrat FJ. Neutrophil-plasmacytoid dendritic cell interaction leads to production of type I IFN in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350666. [PMID: 38161237 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) can cause a latent infection that sometimes progresses to clinically active tuberculosis (TB). Type I interferons (IFN-I) have been implicated in initiating the progression from latency to active TB, in part because IFN-I stimulated genes are the earliest genes to be upregulated in patients as they advance to active TB. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are major producers of IFN-I during viral infections and in response to autoimmune-induced neutrophil extracellular traps. pDCs have also been suggested to be the major producers of IFN-I during Mtb infection of mice and nonhuman primates, but direct evidence has been lacking. Here, we found that Mtb did not stimulate isolated human pDCs to produce IFN-I, but human neutrophils infected with Mtb-activated co-cultured pDCs to do so. Mtb-infected neutrophils produced neutrophil extracellular traps, whose exposed DNA is a well-known mechanism to activate pDCs to secrete IFN-I. We conclude that pDCs contribute to the IFN-I response during Mtb infection by interacting with infected neutrophils which may then promote Mtb pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Lee
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Immunology & Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paôline Laurent
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Hospital for Special Surgery, HSS Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carl F Nathan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Immunology & Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, USA
| | - Franck J Barrat
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Immunology & Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, USA
- Hospital for Special Surgery, HSS Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
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Andreakos E. Type I and type III interferons: From basic biology and genetics to clinical development for COVID-19 and beyond. Semin Immunol 2024; 72:101863. [PMID: 38271892 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2024.101863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Type I and type III interferons (IFNs) constitute a key antiviral defense systems of the body, inducing viral resistance to cells and mediating diverse innate and adaptive immune functions. Defective type I and type III IFN responses have recently emerged as the 'Achilles heel' in COVID-19, with such patients developing severe disease and exhibiting a high risk for critical pneumonia and death. Here, we review the biology of type I and type III IFNs, their similarities and important functional differences, and their roles in SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also appraise the various mechanisms proposed to drive defective IFN responses in COVID-19 with particular emphasis to the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to suppress IFN production and activities, the genetic factors involved and the presence of autoantibodies neutralizing IFNs and accounting for a large proportion of individuals with severe COVID-19. Finally, we discuss the long history of the type I IFN therapeutics for the treatment of viral diseases, cancer and multiple sclerosis, the various efforts to use them in respiratory infections, and the newly emerging type III IFN therapeutics, with emphasis to the more recent studies on COVID-19 and their potential use as broad spectrum antivirals for future epidemics or pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Andreakos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, BRFAA, Athens, Greece.
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Ma Z, Guo L, Pan M, Jiang C, Liu D, Gao Y, Bai J, Jiang P, Liu X. Inhibition of pseudorabies virus replication via upregulated interferon response by targeting 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase. Vet Microbiol 2024; 290:110000. [PMID: 38278042 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an alpha-herpesvirus capable of infecting a range of animal species, particularly its natural host, pigs, resulting in substantial economic losses for the swine industry. Recent research has shed light on the significant role of cholesterol metabolism in the replication of various viruses. However, the specific role of cholesterol metabolism in PRV infection remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that the expression of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) is upregulated following PRV infection, as evidenced by the proteomic analysis. Subsequently, we showed that DHCR7 plays a crucial role in promoting PRV replication by converting 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) into cholesterol, leading to increased cellular cholesterol levels. Importantly, DHCR7 inhibits the phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), resulting in reduced levels of interferon-beta (IFN-β) and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Finally, we revealed that the DHCR7 inhibitor, trans-1,4-bis(2-chlorobenzylaminomethyl) cyclohexane dihydrochloride (AY9944), significantly suppresses PRV replication both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, the study has established a connection between cholesterol metabolism and PRV replication, offering novel insights that may guide future approaches to the prevention and treatment of PRV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mengjiao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chenlong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Depeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanni Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Juan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Chen K, Tian J, Shi Y, Xie T, Huang W, Jia Z, Zhang Y, Yuan G, Yan H, Wang J, Zou J. Distinct antiviral activities of IFNφ1 and IFNφ4 in zebrafish. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 146:109396. [PMID: 38244820 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are a group of secreted cytokines that play a crucial role in antiviral immunity. Type I IFNs display functional disparities. In teleosts, type I IFNs are categorized into two subgroups containing one or two pairs of disulfide bonds. However, their functional differences have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we comparatively characterized the antiviral activities of zebrafish IFNφ1 and IFNφ4 belonging to the group I type I IFNs. It was found that ifnφ1 and ifnφ4 were differentially modulated during viral infection. Although both IFNφ1 and IFNφ4 activated JAK-STAT signaling pathway via CRFB1/CRFB5 receptor complex, IFNφ4 was less potent in inducing phosphorylation of STAT1a, STAT1b and STAT2 and the expression of antiviral genes than IFNφ1, thereby conferring weaker antiviral resistance of target cells. Taken together, our results provide insights into the functional divergence of type I IFNs in lower vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangyong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jiayin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yanjie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Teng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Wenji Huang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Gaoliang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Junya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, China.
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Chang ML, Cheng JS, Chen WT, Hsu CW, Chen KH, Chen YC, Chien RN. Long-term renal function alterations in hepatitis C patients with SVRs: Impacts of therapies and mixed cryoglobulinemia. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:486-494. [PMID: 38280352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND / AIMS Effects of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapeutic regimens and mixed cryoglobulinemia on long-term renal function of HCV-infected patients with viral clearance have not been determined. METHODS/MATERIALS A prospective 10-year cohort study of 1212 HCV-infected patients (interferon-based therapy, n = 615; direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy, n = 434) was conducted. RESULTS At baseline, age, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin (Hb) and uric acid (UA) levels, and fibrosis-4 score were associated with estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) in HCV-infected patients. At 24 weeks posttherapy, age, BMI, and Hb and UA levels were associated with eGFRs in patients with a sustained virological response (SVR) (n = 930). Compared with those at baseline, the eGFRs were lower in SVR patients at 24 weeks posttherapy, regardless of the therapeutic regimen. The eGFRs reverted to baseline levels in interferon-treated SVR patients up to 10 years posttherapy but remained decreased in DAA-treated SVR patients up to 4 years posttherapy. Longitudinally, repeated measures analyses with generalized estimating equations showed that the interactions between DAA-based therapy and mixed cryoglobulinemia (OR: 3.291) and Hb levels (1.778) were positively, while DAA-based therapy (0.442), age (0.956), UA levels (0.698), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index (0.961) and complement 4 levels (0.9395) were negatively associated with the eGFR. Among DAA-treated SVR patients, the baseline eGFR (OR: 1.014; 95%CI OR: 1.004-1.023) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HR: 1.082; 95%CI HR: 1.018-1.15) were associated with eGFR reduction at 24 weeks and 4 years posttherapy, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Hepatic fibrosis was an HCV-related factor for renal function. Longitudinally, DAA therapy was negatively, while the interaction between DAA therapy and mixed cryoglobulinemia was positively associated with renal function in SVR patients; deteriorated renal function was recovered in interferon-treated SVR patients. Particularly in DAA-treated SVR patients, baseline renal function and systemic inflammation were associated with short- and long-term reductions in renal function, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ling Chang
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Jur-Shan Cheng
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wei Hsu
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hsing Chen
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chang Chen
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Nan Chien
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Chen J, Chen Z, Li Y, Wang B, Lu Y, Jian J, Tang J, Cai J. Characterization and functional analysis of SOCS9 from orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) during virus infection. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 146:109424. [PMID: 38311091 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins family have twelve members including eight known mammalian SOCS members (CISH, SOCS1-7) and four new discovery members (SOCS3b, SOCS5b, SOCS8 and SOCS9) that is regarded as a classic feedback inhibitor of cytokine signaling. Although the function of the mammalian SOCS proteins have been well studied, little is known about the roles of SOCS in fish during viral infection. In this study, the molecular characteristics of SOCS9 from orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides, EcSOCS9) is investigated. The EcSOCS9 protein encoded 543 amino acids with typical SH2 (389-475aa) and SOCS_box (491-527aa), sharing high identities with reported fish SOCS9. EcSOCS9 was expressed in all detected tissues and highly expressed in kidney. After red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) infection, the expression of EcSOCS9 was significantly induced in vitro. Furthermore, EcSOCS9 overexpression enhanced RGNNV replication, promoted virus-induced mitophagy that evidenced by the increased level of LC3-Ⅱ, BCL2, PGAM5 and decreased level of BNIP3 and FUNDC1. Besides, EcSOCS9 overexpression suppressed the expression levels of ATP6, CYB, ND4, ATP level and induced ROS level. The expression levels of interferon (IFN) related factors (IRF1, IRF3, IRF7, P53), inflammatory factors (IL1-β, IL8, TLR2, TNF-α) and IFN-3, ISRE, NF-κB, AP1 activities were also reduced by overexpressing EcSOCS9. These date suggests that EcSOCS9 impacts RGNNV infection through modulating mitophagy, regulating the expression levels of IFN- related and inflammatory factors, which will expand our understanding of fish immune responses during viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxi Chen
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Zhaofeng Chen
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Jufen Tang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Jia Cai
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, PR China.
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Tilsed CM, Morales MLO, Zemek RM, Gordon BA, Piggott MJ, Nowak AK, Fisher SA, Lake RA, Lesterhuis WJ. Tretinoin improves the anti-cancer response to cyclophosphamide, in a model-selective manner. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:203. [PMID: 38350880 PMCID: PMC10865642 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11915-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy is included in treatment regimens for many solid cancers, but when administered as a single agent it is rarely curative. The addition of immune checkpoint therapy to standard chemotherapy regimens has improved response rates and increased survival in some cancers. However, most patients do not respond to treatment and immune checkpoint therapy can cause severe side effects. Therefore, there is a need for alternative immunomodulatory drugs that enhance chemotherapy. METHODS We used gene expression data from cyclophosphamide (CY) responders and non-responders to identify existing clinically approved drugs that could phenocopy a chemosensitive tumor microenvironment (TME), and tested combination treatments in multiple murine cancer models. RESULTS The vitamin A derivative tretinoin was the top predicted upstream regulator of response to CY. Tretinoin pre-treatment induced an inflammatory, interferon-associated TME, with increased infiltration of CD8 + T cells, sensitizing the tumor to subsequent chemotherapy. However, while combination treatment significantly improved survival and cure rate in a CD4+ and CD8+ T cell dependent manner in AB1-HA murine mesothelioma, this effect was model-selective, and could not be replicated using other cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Despite the promising data in one model, the inability to validate the efficacy of combination treatment in multiple cancer models deprioritizes tretinoin/cyclophosphamide combination therapy for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin M Tilsed
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Institute for Respiratory Health, 6101, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Rachael M Zemek
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, 6872, West Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Brianna A Gordon
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Matthew J Piggott
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Anna K Nowak
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Institute for Respiratory Health, 6101, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Scott A Fisher
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Institute for Respiratory Health, 6101, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Richard A Lake
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Institute for Respiratory Health, 6101, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - W Joost Lesterhuis
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia.
- Institute for Respiratory Health, 6101, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, 6872, West Perth, WA, Australia.
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Liu Z, Zhang S, Hu H, Wang H, Qiu Y, Dong M, Wang M, Cui Z, Cui H, Wang Y, He G. Construction of recombinant Lactococcus expressing thymosin and interferon fusion protein and its application as an immune adjuvant. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:40. [PMID: 38321474 PMCID: PMC10845779 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, biosafety and green food safety standards have increased the demand for immune enhancers and adjuvants. In the present study, recombinant food-grade Lactococcus lactis (r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN) expressing thymosin Tα1 and chicken interferon fusion protein was constructed. RESULTS The in vitro interactions with macrophages revealed a mixture of recombinant r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN could significantly activate both macrophage J774-Dual™ NF-κB and interferon regulator (IRF) signaling pathways. In vitro interactions with chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) demonstrated that a mixture of recombinant r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN significantly enhanced the expression levels of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-10, CD80, and CD86 proteins in chicken PBMCs. Animal experiments displayed that injecting a lysis mixture of recombinant r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN could significantly activate the proliferation of T cells and antigen-presenting cells in chicken PBMCs. Moreover, 16S analysis of intestinal microbiota demonstrated that injection of the lysis mixture of recombinant r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN could significantly improve the structure and composition of chicken intestinal microbiota, with a significant increase in probiotic genera, such as Lactobacillus spp. Results of animal experiments using the lysis mixture of recombinant r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN as an immune adjuvant for inactivated chicken Newcastle disease vaccine showed that the serum antibody titers of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the vaccine control group, and the expression levels of cytokines IFN-γ and IL-2 were significantly higher than those of the vaccine control group. CONCLUSION These results indicate that food-safe recombinant r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN has potential as a vaccine immune booster and immune adjuvant. This study lays the foundation for the development of natural green novel animal immune booster or immune adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengqi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Suhua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongjiao Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - He Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Harbin Guosheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Harbin, 150028, China
| | - Mingqi Dong
- Harbin Guosheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Harbin, 150028, China
| | - Muping Wang
- Harbin Guosheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Harbin, 150028, China
| | - Ziyang Cui
- Clinical Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Hongyu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China.
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- Harbin Guosheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Harbin, 150028, China.
| | - Gaoming He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China.
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Covert LT, Prinz JA, Swain-Lenz D, Dvergsten J, Truskey GA. Genetic changes from type I interferons and JAK inhibitors: clues to drivers of juvenile dermatomyositis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024:keae082. [PMID: 38317053 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keae082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To better understand the pathogenesis of juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), we examined the effect of the cytokines type I interferons (IFN I) and JAK inhibitor drugs (JAKi) on gene expression in bioengineered pediatric skeletal muscle. METHODS Myoblasts from 3 healthy pediatric donors were used to create three-dimensional skeletal muscle units termed myobundles. Myobundles were treated with IFN I, either IFNα or IFNβ. A subset of IFNβ-exposed myobundles was treated with JAKi tofacitinib or baricitinib. RNA sequencing analysis was performed on all myobundles. RESULTS Seventy-six myobundles were analyzed. Principal component analysis showed donor-specific clusters of gene expression across IFNα and IFNβ-exposed myobundles in a dose-dependent manner. Both cytokines upregulated interferon response and proinflammatory genes; however, IFNβ led to more significant upregulation. Key downregulated pathways involved oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid metabolism and myogenesis genes. Addition of tofacitinib or baricitinib moderated the gene expression induced by IFNβ, with partial reversal of upregulated inflammatory and downregulated myogenesis pathways. Baricitinib altered genetic profiles more than tofacitinib. CONCLUSION IFNβ leads to more pro-inflammatory gene upregulation than IFNα, correlating to greater decrease in contractile protein gene expression and reduced contractile force. JAK inhibitors, baricitinib more so than tofacitinib, partially reverse IFN I-induced genetic changes. Increased IFN I exposure in healthy bioengineered skeletal muscle leads to IFN-inducible gene expression, inflammatory pathway enrichment, and myogenesis gene downregulation, consistent with what is observed in JDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren T Covert
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joseph A Prinz
- Sequencing and Genomics Technologies Core Facility, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Devjanee Swain-Lenz
- Sequencing and Genomics Technologies Core Facility, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey Dvergsten
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - George A Truskey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Liu S, Wang Y, Wang W, Zhi L, Zhao Y, Qin Q, Huang Y, Huang X. Singapore grouper iridovirus VP20 interacts with grouper TBK1 and IRF3 to attenuate the interferon immune response. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 145:109349. [PMID: 38184183 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV), belonging to genus Ranavirus, family Iridoviridae, is a highly pathogenic agent and causes heavy economic losses in the global grouper aquaculture. Recent studies demonstrated that SGIV infection attenuated antiviral immune and inflammatory response induced by poly (I:C) in vitro. However, little was known about the potential functions of the immune regulatory proteins encoded by SGIV. Here, we identified the detailed roles of VP20 and clarified the potential mechanism underlying its immune regulatory function during SGIV infection. Our results showed that VP20 was an IE gene, and partially co-localized with Golgi apparatus and lysosomes in grouper cells. Overexpression of VP20 enhanced SGIV replication, demonstrated by the increase in the transcription levels of viral core genes and the protein synthesis of MCP. Reporter gene assays showed that SGIV VP20 overexpression significantly reduced the IFN promoter activity induced by poly (I:C), grouper stimulator of interferon genes (EcSTING) and TANK-binding kinase 1 (EcTBK1). Consistently, the transcription levels of IFN related genes were significantly decreased in VP20 overexpressing cells compared to those in control cells. Co-IP assay and confocal microscopy observations indicated that VP20 co-localized and interacted with EcTBK1 and EcIRF3, but not EcSTING. In addition, VP20 was able to degrade EcIRF3 and attenuate the antiviral action of EcIRF3, while had no effect on EcTBK1. Together, SGIV VP20 was speculated to promote viral replication through attenuating the IFN response mediated by TBK1-IRF3 in vitro. Our findings provided new insights into the immune regulatory function of SGIV encoded unknown proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanxing Liu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenji Wang
- Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511464, China
| | - Linyong Zhi
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yin Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511464, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Youhua Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511464, China.
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou, 511464, China.
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Li S, Zhao M, Luo M, Wu J, Duan Z, Huang X, Lu S, Zu Q, Xiao Q, Ying J. Evaluation of combination of ALA-PDT and interferon for cervical low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL). Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 45:103967. [PMID: 38224725 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.103967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical LSIL is a precancerous disease which requires regular follow-up. High risk patients need active interventions. Interferon and topical PDT have been used in the treatment of cervical LSIL. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combination use of topical PDT and interferon in the treatment of cervical LSIL. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study was carried out involving 159 women with cervical LSIL and high risk human papillomaviruses (hr-HPV) infection. Patients were divided into three groups. Group 1-receiving interferon suppository only, Group 2-receiving 19 mg/cm2 ALA plus post PDT interferon, and Group 3-receiving 38 mg/cm2 ALA plus post PDT interferon. The primary endpoint was pathological regression. The secondary endpoints were the HPV negative conversion rate and the adverse effects of treatment. RESULTS At 6-12 months after PDT, for Group 1, the effective rate, CR rate and HPV negative conversion rate was 48.3 %, 43.3 % and 24.0 %, respectively. For Group 2, the effective rate, CR rate and HPV negative conversion rate were 89.3 %, 71.4 %, and 72.4 %, respectively. For Group 3, the effective rate, CR rate and HPV negative conversion rate were 91.5 %, 66.1 %, and 64.4 %, respectively, significantly higher than those of interferon only group. Two ALA dose group study showed similar efficacy. No patient experienced serious adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS ALA-PDT combined with interferon therapy was feasible and tolerable. Two ALA dose groups showed similar outcomes in treating cervical LSIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Zhaoning Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Xiaoling Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Qiao Zu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Qun Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The People's Hospital of Nanchuan, Nanchuan District, Chongqing 408400, China
| | - Jia Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400000, China.
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Guabiraba R, Rodrigues DR, Manna PT, Chollot M, Saint-Martin V, Trapp S, Oliveira M, Bryant CE, Ferguson BJ. Mechanisms of type I interferon production by chicken TLR21. Dev Comp Immunol 2024; 151:105093. [PMID: 37951324 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.105093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune response relies on the ability of host cells to rapidly detect and respond to microbial nucleic acids. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), a class of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), play a fundamental role in distinguishing self from non-self at the molecular level. In this study, we focused on TLR21, an avian TLR that recognizes DNA motifs commonly found in bacterial genomic DNA, specifically unmethylated CpG motifs. TLR21 is believed to act as a functional homologue to mammalian TLR9. By analysing TLR21 signalling in chickens, we sought to elucidate avian TLR21 activation outputs in parallel to that of other nucleic acid species. Our analyses revealed that chicken TLR21 (chTLR21) triggers the activation of NF-κB and induces a potent type-I interferon response in chicken macrophages, similar to the signalling cascades observed in mammalian TLR9 activation. Notably, the transcription of interferon beta (IFNB) by chTLR21 was found to be dependent on both NF-κB and IRF7 signalling, but independent of the TBK1 kinase, a distinctive feature of mammalian TLR9 signalling. These findings highlight the conservation of critical signalling components and downstream responses between avian TLR21 and mammalian TLR9, despite their divergent evolutionary origins. These insights into the evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of nucleic acid sensing contribute to the broader understanding of host-pathogen interactions across species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul T Manna
- Department of Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Sascha Trapp
- ISP, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Marisa Oliveira
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Clare E Bryant
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Brian J Ferguson
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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48
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Aringer M, Finzel S, Voll RE. [Immunopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus]. Z Rheumatol 2024; 83:68-76. [PMID: 35551439 PMCID: PMC10847069 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-022-01214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Insights into the immunopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) help to understand the complex disease patterns and to develop new treatment strategies. The disease manifestations essentially result from autoantibodies, immune complexes and cytokines. Particularly the propensity towards developing various autoantibodies is central to the disease itself; autoantibody specificities lead to highly variable organ manifestations. This review article delineates the clinically relevant state of knowledge on SLE pathogenesis, with the goal to establish a model useful for clinical practice, which also helps to classify the novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Aringer
- Rheumatologie, Medizinische Klinik III und UniversitätsCentrum für Autoimmun- und Rheumatische Erkrankungen (UCARE), Universitätsklinikum und Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland.
| | - Stephanie Finzel
- Klinik für Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie & Centrum für chronische Immundefizienz, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - Reinhard E Voll
- Klinik für Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie & Centrum für chronische Immundefizienz, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
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49
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Sievers BL, Cheng MTK, Csiba K, Meng B, Gupta RK. SARS-CoV-2 and innate immunity: the good, the bad, and the "goldilocks". Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:171-183. [PMID: 37985854 PMCID: PMC10805730 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01104-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
An ancient conflict between hosts and pathogens has driven the innate and adaptive arms of immunity. Knowledge about this interplay can not only help us identify biological mechanisms but also reveal pathogen vulnerabilities that can be leveraged therapeutically. The humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 infection has been the focus of intense research, and the role of the innate immune system has received significantly less attention. Here, we review current knowledge of the innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the various means SARS-CoV-2 employs to evade innate defense systems. We also consider the role of innate immunity in SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and in the phenomenon of long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark T K Cheng
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kata Csiba
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bo Meng
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ravindra K Gupta
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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50
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Chen Z, Chen J, Li Y, Wang B, Lu Y, Jian J, Tang J, Cai J. Functional properties of ATPIF1 in the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) in response to viral infection. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 145:109329. [PMID: 38154763 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
ATP synthase inhibitory factor 1 (ATPIF1) can activate mitochondrial autophagic pathway and mediates immune response by regulating ATP synthase activity. However, the role of fish ATPIF1 on viral infection is still unknown. In this study, we identified an ATPIF1 homolog (Ec-ATPIF1) from orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Ec-ATPIF1 is mainly expressed in the kidney and liver. The expression of Ec-ATPIF1 was significantly up-regulated after RGNNV stimulation in vitro. Further experiments showed that overexpression of Ec-ATPIF1 inhibited the expression of viral genes (CP and RdRp) and intracellular ATP synthesis. Ec-ATPIF1 overexpression also promoted the expression of mitophagy related genes (PINK1, Parkin, BNIP3, NIX, FUNDC1, LC3), inflammation-related factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, TLR2) and interferon pathway factors (IRF1, IRF3, IRF7, MX1, ISG15, ISG56, MDA5, TRIF). While the knockdown of Ec-ATPIF1 exhibited the opposite effects on the expression of viral genes and immune-related factors above. These data suggest that Ec-ATPIF1 can impact viral infection by regulating mitophagy, ATP synthesis, the expression of inflammatory factors and interferon pathway factors. These findings will be beneficial to better explore the immune regulatory mechanisms of fish respond to viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Chen
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Junxi Chen
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Jufen Tang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Jia Cai
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, PR China.
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