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García-Oneto TM, Moyano-Bellido C, Domínguez-Martín MA. Structure and function of the light-protective orange carotenoid protein families. Curr Res Struct Biol 2024; 7:100141. [PMID: 38736459 PMCID: PMC11087925 DOI: 10.1016/j.crstbi.2024.100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Orange carotenoid proteins (OCPs) are unique photoreceptors that are critical for cyanobacterial photoprotection. Upon exposure to blue-green light, OCPs are activated from a stable orange form, OCPO, to an active red form, OCPR, which binds to phycobilisomes (PBSs) and performs photoprotective non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). OCPs can be divided into three main families: the most abundant and best studied OCP1, and two others, OCP2 and OCP3, which have different activation and quenching properties and are yet underexplored. Crystal structures have been acquired for the three OCP clades, providing a glimpse into the conformational underpinnings of their light-absorption and energy dissipation attributes. Recently, the structure of the PBS-OCPR complex has been obtained allowing for an unprecedented insight into the photoprotective action of OCPs. Here, we review the latest findings in the field that have substantially improved our understanding of how cyanobacteria protect themselves from the toxic consequences of excess light absorption. Furthermore, current research is applying the structure of OCPs to bio-inspired optogenetic tools, to function as carotenoid delivery devices, as well as engineering the NPQ mechanism of cyanobacteria to enhance their photosynthetic biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. Agustina Domínguez-Martín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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Gawronska J, Cao C, Wang R, Keon Yon D, Rahmati M, Jewiss M, Smith L. Disparities in the prevalence of suicidal ideation according to oral contraceptive pill use among US women: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2048. [PMID: 38629111 PMCID: PMC11020109 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The relationship between oral contraceptive pill (OCP) and suicidal ideation remains unclear. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of suicidal ideation among US women and evaluate their associates overall and according to OCP use status. Methods Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2012 were used to calculate the prevalence and associates of suicidal ideation in women using OCP. Suicidal ideation was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Overall and OCP-specific weighted prevalence of suicidal ideation were estimated. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to investigate overall and OCP-specific associates. Results The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 3.6% with no evident disparity between OCP groups, suggesting that OCP use is not associated with increased prevalence of suicidal ideation. Smoking was inversely associated with suicidal ideation in the former users of OCP. In the overall population, the prevalence of suicidal ideation was greater in those who were: Black or Hispanic, smoking, taking antidepressants, those with lower educational attainment, and women with low and middle income. Conclusion Our findings suggest that OCP use was not associated with increased prevalence of suicidal ideation. Unique associates were identified among different OCP groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Gawronska
- The Center for Health, Performance and WellbeingAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK
| | - Chao Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ruixuan Wang
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, College of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Department of PediatricsKyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical CenterKyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human SciencesLorestan UniversityKhoramabadIran
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and HumanitiesVali‐E‐Asr University of RafsanjanRafsanjanIran
| | - Matthew Jewiss
- Cambridge Center for Sport and Exercise SciencesAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK
| | - Lee Smith
- The Center for Health, Performance and WellbeingAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK
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Craciun D, Laszlo EA, Mirza-Rosca JC, Dorcioman G, Geanta V, Voiculescu I, Craciun G, Badea L, Craciun V. Structural Parameters and Behavior in Simulated Body Fluid of High Entropy Alloy Thin Films. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1162. [PMID: 38473633 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The structure, composition and corrosion properties of thin films synthesized using the Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) technique starting from a three high entropy alloy (HEA) AlCoCrFeNix produced by vacuum arc remelting (VAR) method were investigated. The depositions were performed at room temperature on Si and mirror-like polished Ti substrates either under residual vacuum (low 10-7 mbar, films denoted HEA2, HEA6, and HEA10, which were grown from targets with Ni concentration molar ratio, x, equal to 0.4, 1.2, and 2.0, respectively) or under N2 (10-4 mbar, films denoted HEN2, HEN6, and HEN10 for the same Ni concentration molar ratios). The deposited films' structures, investigated using Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction, showed the presence of face-centered cubic and body-centered cubic phases, while their surface morphology, investigated using scanning electron microscopy, exhibited a smooth surface with micrometer size droplets. The mass density and thickness were obtained from simulations of acquired X-ray reflectivity curves. The films' elemental composition, estimated using the energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy, was quite close to that of the targets used. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy investigation showed that films deposited under a N2 atmosphere contained several percentages of N atoms in metallic nitride compounds. The electrochemical behavior of films under simulated body fluid (SBF) conditions was investigated by Open Circuit Potential (OCP) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy measurements. The measured OCP values increased over time, implying that a passive layer was formed on the surface of the films. It was observed that all films started to passivate in SBF solution, with the HEN6 film exhibiting the highest increase. The highest repassivation potential was exhibited by the same film, implying that it had the highest stability range of all analyzed films. Impedance measurements indicated high corrosion resistance values for HEA2, HEA6, and HEN6 samples. Much lower resistances were found for HEN10 and HEN2. Overall, HEN6 films exhibited the best corrosion behavior among the investigated films. It was noticed that for 24 h of immersion in SBF solution, this film was also a physical barrier to the corrosion process, not only a chemical one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doina Craciun
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| | - Edwin A Laszlo
- Faculty of Physics, Doctoral School of Physics, University of Bucharest, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| | - Julia C Mirza-Rosca
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Materials Engineering and Welding Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Gabriela Dorcioman
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| | - Victor Geanta
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionelia Voiculescu
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Liviu Badea
- Faculty of Physics, Doctoral School of Physics, University of Bucharest, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
- National R&D Institute for Non-Ferrous and Rare Metals, 077145 Pantelimon, Romania
| | - Valentin Craciun
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
- Extreme Light Infrastructure for Nuclear Physics, IFIN-HH, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
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Nambirajan K, Muralidharan S, Ashimkumar AR, Jadhav S. Assessment of chlorinated pesticide exposure to white-rumped vulture Gyps bengalensis in India. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:12422-12430. [PMID: 38231334 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31997-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Populations of the critically endangered white-rumped vulture (WRV) Gyps bengalensis have declined drastically due to the use of diclofenac for veterinary purposes in Indian subcontinent. Thirty-two dead WRVs collected from three states, namely Gujarat, Assam and Tamil Nadu in India between 2011 and 2014 were investigated to understand the role of diclofenac in the death, and the results were published. Furthermore, since organochlorine pesticides have been linked to long-term impact on populations in many species of birds across the globe, available tissues of 21 WRVs were tested also for six organochlorine pesticides (DDT, HCH, endosulfan, heptachlor, dieldrin and dicofol) and chlorpyrifos. All vultures were found to have had one or more detectable levels of pesticides in their tissues except one. Similarly, all the pesticides included in the study were detected in at least one of the vultures analysed. DDT (95.2%) was the most frequently detected pesticide followed by HCH (90.5%), and DDT (73.6%) contributed the most to the total pesticide load. Total pesticide load ranged between below detection limit (BDL) and 8753.4 ng/g. High levels of total pesticide load recorded in gut contents showed recent exposure to these legacy pesticides even long after their ban. However, it is perceived that studied pesticides' exposure to birds and their presence in the environment is in decreasing trend in India. Although, varying levels of pesticides were detected, all of which were below the levels reported to be toxic, and also reported earlier in the same species in India. Recorded levels may not create a problem to vultures unlike diclofenac; nevertheless, as continued exposure to the pesticides studied may lead to sub lethal effects in birds, it is prudent to monitor these pesticides along with new generation pesticides and NSAIDs in the critically endangered white-rumped vulture in India, towards its conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanthan Nambirajan
- Division of Ecotoxicology, Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History (South India Centre of Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun), Coimbatore, 641108, India.
| | - Subramanian Muralidharan
- Division of Ecotoxicology, Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History (South India Centre of Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun), Coimbatore, 641108, India
| | - Aditya Roy Ashimkumar
- Division of Ecotoxicology, Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History (South India Centre of Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun), Coimbatore, 641108, India
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Pishbin E, Ziyaei M, Vafadar Moradi E, Foroughipour M, Javadzadeh R, Foroughian M. Ten-year Causes of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in Patients Referred to Ghaem Hospital from 2009 to 2019. Bull Emerg Trauma 2024; 12:8-14. [PMID: 38689792 PMCID: PMC11057450 DOI: 10.30476/beat.2024.100510.1472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVST), a complex and infrequent cerebrovascular disorder characterized by the formation of clots within the cerebral venous sinuses, occurs as a result of multiple risk factors and casualties, and its epidemiological picture should be investigated. Methods This descriptive study was conducted retrospectively on patients with a final diagnosis of cerebral vein thrombosis, who were referred to the emergency room of Ghaem Hospital (Mashhad, Iran) between 2009 and 2019. The study included all patients with cerebral vein thrombosis who were older than 18 years. Clinical symptoms and causes were documented and contrasted according to demographics. Results During the 10 years of this study, 749 cases of cerebral vein thrombosis were observed, with women accounting for the majority (72.8%). The most prevalent symptom was headache (554 cases; 74.0%), followed by seizures (23.1%), blurred vision (16.0%), nausea (7.5%), vomiting (6.9%), double nose (4.9%), and dizziness (3.3%). There was no significant difference in the frequency of symptoms between the two genders (p<0.05). The most commonly identified risk factors were OCP (110 cases; 14.7%), followed by infection (103 cases; 13.8%), malignancies (78 cases; 10.4%), and fasting (15 cases; 2.0%). There was no significant difference in risk factors between the two genders, with the exception that all cases of fasting were in women, and the differences were significant (p=0.015). The most common site of involvement according to Magnetic Resonance Venography (MRV) was the upper sagittal sinus (427 cases; 57.0%). There was no significant difference in terms of the site of the conflict between the two genders (p<0.05). Conclusion The findings of the present study showed that deep vein thrombosis occurred mainly in women and manifested itself mostly as a headache. Moreover, the upper sagittal sinus was the most common site of involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Pishbin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Ziyaei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Elnaz Vafadar Moradi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Foroughipour
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rahim Javadzadeh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Foroughian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Mamontova EA, Mamontov AA. Persistent Organic Pollutants and Suspended Particulate Matter in Snow of Eastern Siberia in 2009-2023: Temporal Trends and Effects of Meteorological Factors and Recultivation Activities at Former Industrial Area. Toxics 2023; 12:11. [PMID: 38250967 PMCID: PMC10819055 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Suspended particulate matter (SPM), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCP) were studied in the snow cover at urban and suburban localities in the Irkutsk region, Eastern Siberia for their temporal variations in 2009-2023, daily deposition fluxes (DDFs), and effects of some meteorological factors, as well as the effects of different technogenic activities in the industrial area of the former organochlorine enterprises of Usol'ekhimprom. SPM loads at both stations were found to be at a low level of pollution. The levels of HCB, α + γ-HCH, and ∑p,p'-DDX were lower than Russian maximum permissible levels (MPLs) in drinking water, groundwater, and surface water for household drinking and cultural purposes. The sums of all organochlorine compounds studied in snow were higher than the MPL in freshwater water bodies for fishery purposes. The levels of the DDFs of HCHs, DDTs, and heptachlorinated PCB decreased, di- and trichlorinated PCB levels increased, and HCB levels changed at a polynomial line during 2009-2023. The change in the relative composition of PCBs was found as a result of recultivation activities at the industrial area of the former organochlorine enterprise of Usol'ekhimprom. The air humidity and temperature are the key meteorological factors affecting the DDFs of PCBs and OCPs.
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Yonis S, Kahkashan S, Adelman D, Lohmann R. Transects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides in an urban estuary using passive samplers. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 197:115768. [PMID: 37956493 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) are tracers of anthropogenic impacts, which can negatively affect water quality. The relative importance of new emissions versus the remobilization of HOCs from legacy reservoirs is not well constrained. Polyethylene passive samplers were deployed in vertical profiles at four sites to determine the concentrations and gradients of atmospheric and freely dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and freely dissolved organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) in Narragansett Bay, an urban estuary. The concentrations of the sum of 20 PAHs ranged from 4.3 to 240 ng/m3 in the air and 3.2-21 ng/L in the water column, dominated by phenanthrene and pyrene. OCP concentrations varied from below the detection limit to 150 ng/L in the water column. Common OCPs included α-hexachlorocyclohexane, hexachlorobenzene, and aldrin. Gradients displayed net deposition for PAHs, but equilibrium through the water column. Results from this study provided evidence that key OCPs displayed mostly similar concentrations (at or near equilibrium) in the water at both Conimicut Point and Block Island.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifra Yonis
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, 215 South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Sanober Kahkashan
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, 215 South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI, USA; National Institute of Oceanography, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Dave Adelman
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, 215 South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Rainer Lohmann
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, 215 South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI, USA.
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Donets MM, Tsygankov VY. Organochlorine Compounds in the Amur (Heilong) River Basin (2000-2020): A Review. J Xenobiot 2023; 13:439-462. [PMID: 37606425 PMCID: PMC10443256 DOI: 10.3390/jox13030028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are well-known contaminants that raise serious concerns, even more than 20 years after they were banned. Their worldwide distribution and persistence necessitate continuous monitoring in all components of the environment. The most challenging issues of POP regulation are associated with international water resources because their solutions require international cooperation in environment protection. This review provides data on various POPs (DDT, HCH, endrin, dieldrin, and PCBs) and their concentrations in aquatic organisms inhabiting the Amur River basin, one of the most poorly explored regions of Northeast Asia. Most studies have been conducted in the Songhua River (China), a tributary of the Amur River, which indicates that large inland bodies of water, especially those of international importance, require more extensive research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim M. Donets
- School of Advanced Engineering Studies, Institute of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Food Systems, Far Eastern Federal University, Ajax 10, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia;
- Institute of the World Ocean (School), Far Eastern Federal University, Ajax 10, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Vasiliy Yu. Tsygankov
- School of Advanced Engineering Studies, Institute of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Food Systems, Far Eastern Federal University, Ajax 10, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia;
- Institute of the World Ocean (School), Far Eastern Federal University, Ajax 10, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
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Lavandier RC, Arêas J, Lemos LS, de Moura JF, Taniguchi S, Montone R, Quinete NS, Hauser-Davis RA, Siciliano S, Moreira I. Trophic Chain Organochlorine Pesticide Contamination in a Highly Productive Upwelling Area in Southeastern Brazil. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:6343. [PMID: 37510576 PMCID: PMC10379595 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20146343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCP) are legacy anthropogenic compounds known to persist for several years in the environment. The continuous use of some OCP, such as DDT, after restrictions in developing countries are cause of concern, due to their deleterious effects to marine life and humans. Studies assessing OCP contamination in coastal environments are still scarce in South America and there is a need to understand the impacts from trophic chain accumulation of these pollutants in marine life. In this study, we have assessed OCP levels in muscle and liver and estimated the biomagnification factor in several upwelling system trophic chain members, including fish, squid, and marine mammal from Southeastern Brazil. DDT degradation product DDE was the OCP detected in the highest concentrations in Franciscana dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei), 86.4 ng·g-1 wet weight, and fish muscle and liver. In general, higher OCP levels were found in liver than in muscle, except for croaker. Biomagnification factors (BMF) of OCP in the top predator P. blainvillei and the carnivorous cutlass fish (Trichiurus lepturus) were on average between 0.2 and 1.8. Continued OCP monitoring in this region is warranted to better understand the distribution and fate of these compounds over time, with the goal to establish strategies for the conservation of local dolphin species and to assess human health risks from local coastal region populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Cavalcanti Lavandier
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro 22453-900, Brazil
| | - Jennifer Arêas
- PIBIC/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4.365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Leila Soledade Lemos
- Institute of Environment, Florida International University, North Miami, FL 33181, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Jailson Fulgêncio de Moura
- Systems Ecology, Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT), Fahrenheitstrasse 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Rosalinda Montone
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Natalia Soares Quinete
- Institute of Environment, Florida International University, North Miami, FL 33181, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4.365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Salvatore Siciliano
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1.480, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 20911-300, Brazil
| | - Isabel Moreira
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro 22453-900, Brazil
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Cevik E, Gondal MA, Alqahtani N, Hassan M. Quantum dots decorated photoanodes in bioelectrochemical fuel cells: Enhanced electricity generation using green algae. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023. [PMID: 37337921 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The power performance of the bio-electrochemical fuel cells (BEFCs) depends mainly on the energy harvesting ability of the anode material. The anode materials with low bandgap energy and high electrochemical stability are highly desirable in the BEFCs. To address this issue, a novel anode is designed using indium tin oxide (ITO) modified by chromium oxide quantum dots (CQDs). The CQDs were synthesized using facile and advanced pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) technique. The combination of ITO and CQDs improved the optical properties of the photoanode by exhibiting a broad range of absorption in the visible to UV region. A systematic study has been performed to optimize the amount of CQDs and green Algae (Alg) film grown using the drop casting method. Chlorophyll (a, b, and total) content of algal cultures (with different concentrations) were optimized to investigate the power generation performance of each cell. The BEFC cell (ITO/Alg10/Cr3//Carbon) with optimized amounts of Alg and CQDs demonstrated enhanced photocurrent generation of 120 mA cm-2 at a photo-generated potential of 24.6 V m-2 . The same device exhibited a maximum power density of 7 W m-2 under continuous light illumination. The device also maintained 98% of its initial performance after 30 repeated cycles of light on-off measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Cevik
- Bioenergy Research Unit, Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Gondal
- Laser Research Group, Physics Department & IRC-Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha Alqahtani
- College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Hassan
- Laser Research Group, Physics Department & IRC-Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
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Wang J, Ren C, Li Z, Li W. Two-dimensional solid-state NMR spectroscopy investigations of surface precipitation of phosphate onto calcite. Sci Total Environ 2023; 890:164444. [PMID: 37236482 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of phosphate with typical soil minerals is important for understanding P cycling in natural and agricultural systems. We investigated the mechanisms of kinetics of phosphate uptake onto calcite using solid-state NMR spectroscopy. At a low phosphate concentration of 0.5 mM, the 31P single-pulse solid-state NMR peak revealed the formation of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) within the initial 30 min, which transformed to carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHAP) after 12 d. At a high phosphate concentration (5 mM), the results showed transformation from ACP to OCP, later to brushite, and eventually to CHAP. The formation of brushite is further supported by 31P{1H} heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) spectra via a correlation of δP-31 = 1.7 ppm and the 1H peak at δH-1 = 6.4 ppm, which denotes the structure water of brushite. Furthermore, 13C NMR directly revealed both A-type and B-type CHAP. Generally, this work provides a detailed understanding of the aging effect on the phase transition scale of phosphate surface precipitation onto calcite in soil environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling (FSC-CEMaC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Chao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China; Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling (FSC-CEMaC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling (FSC-CEMaC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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12
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Priyadarshini K, Sharma N, Kaur M, Titiyal JS. Cataract surgery in ocular surface disease. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:1167-1175. [PMID: 37026248 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_3395_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cataract surgery, which is the most widely performed ophthalmic procedure, is usually done in the elderly population, who are also prone to ocular surface disorders. Ocular surface diseases are multifactorial in nature and associated with symptoms and signs such as foreign body sensation, burning, fatigue, photophobia, red or watery eyes, or reduced visual acuity. These include a spectrum of conditions that may be immune or non-immune in nature. Cataract surgery in itself is known to alter the normal ocular surface milieu and cause tear film disturbances which can last up to 6 months post-operatively. These symptoms can be exaggerated in patients with ocular surface diseases. The planning and execution of cataract surgery can also be difficult in patients with associated ocular surface diseases. In this review, we discuss the various aspects of planning and intraoperative modifications to optimize the outcomes of cataract surgery in patients with ocular surface diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Priyadarshini
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Namrata Sharma
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jeewan S Titiyal
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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13
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Song JY, Patton CD, Friedman R, Mahajan LS, Nordlicht R, Sayed R, Lipton ML. Hormonal contraceptives and the brain: A systematic review on 60 years of neuroimaging, EEG, and biochemical studies in humans and animals. Front Neuroendocrinol 2023; 68:101051. [PMID: 36577486 PMCID: PMC9898167 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.101051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hormonal contraception has been widely prescribed for decades. Although safety and efficacy are well-established, much uncertainty remains regarding brain effects of hormonal contraception. We systematically review human and animal studies on the brain effects of hormonal contraception which employed neuroimaging techniques such as MRI, PET and EEG, as well as animal studies which reported on neurotransmitter and other brain biochemical effects. We screened 1001 articles and ultimately extracted data from 70, comprising 51 human and 19 animal studies. Of note, there were no animal studies which employed structural or functional MRI, MRS or PET. In summary, our review shows hormonal contraceptive associations with changes in the brain have been documented. Many questions remain and more studies are needed to describe the effects of hormonal contraception on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Y Song
- The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; The Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Renee Friedman
- The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Lakshmi S Mahajan
- The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Nordlicht
- The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Rahman Sayed
- The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Michael L Lipton
- The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; The Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
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14
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Fadeyi O, Randhawa A, Shankar A, Garabetian C, Singh H, Topacio A. Thromboembolism Triggered by a Combination of Electronic Cigarettes and Oral Contraceptives: A Case Report and Review of Literature. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2023; 11:23247096231181072. [PMID: 37314028 DOI: 10.1177/23247096231181072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic predisposition, oral contraceptive (OCP) use, tobacco smoking, cancers, and trauma are well-known triggers for hypercoagulability and thromboembolism. Multiple reports have been published on the health risk of combining OCP and traditional cigarettes smoking in the context of thromboembolism. However, limited information is available on the health consequences of combining OCP use with electronic cigarettes. Here, we report a case of a young female patient with a past medical history of ovarian cysts and electronic cigarettes use who came into the hospital with a complaint of "recurrent seizures" and tachycardia. This patient was subsequently diagnosed with bilateral pulmonary emboli, subacute cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and possible patent foramen ovale. Therapeutic Lovenox was initiated. Reasons to educate young females on the risks of combining OCP and electronic cigarettes use were explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaniyi Fadeyi
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, West Anaheim Medical Center, Anaheim, CA, USA
| | - Anantbir Randhawa
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, West Anaheim Medical Center, Anaheim, CA, USA
| | - Abhirami Shankar
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, West Anaheim Medical Center, Anaheim, CA, USA
| | - Christine Garabetian
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, West Anaheim Medical Center, Anaheim, CA, USA
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, West Anaheim Medical Center, Anaheim, CA, USA
| | - Antonio Topacio
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, West Anaheim Medical Center, Anaheim, CA, USA
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15
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Moeindarbari S, Beheshtian N, Hashemi S. Cerebral vein thrombosis in a woman using oral contraceptive pills for a short period of time: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2022; 16:260. [PMID: 35786211 PMCID: PMC9251923 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-022-03473-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral vein thrombosis is increasing in young adults. Although oral contraceptive pills increase the risk of cerebral vein thrombosis, relatively high brain venous involvement is rare when oral contraceptive pills are consumed for a short duration. CASE PRESENTATION A 31-year-old Asian woman was referred to Imam Reza Hospital with a headache complaint on 11 November 2020. The woman, who had a headache for the previous 11 days, went to the hospital. Owing to endometriosis involvement, she consumed Diane tablets. According to the imaging findings, three vein involvements were diagnosed. Anticoagulant therapy was started, and the symptoms disappeared. CONCLUSIONS All cerebral vein thrombosis symptoms are variable, but new presentation of headache could be an early symptom of cerebral vein thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Moeindarbari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Neonatal and Maternal Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nazanin Beheshtian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shima Hashemi
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
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16
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Vizza M, Marcantelli P, Giovani C, Giurlani W, Giusti P, Fontanesi C, Innocenti M. Low-Cost Potentiometric Sensor for Chloride Measurement in Continuous Industrial Process Control. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103087. [PMID: 35630562 PMCID: PMC9144062 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the new updates in legislation about drinking water control and human health have increased the demand for novel electrochemical low-cost sensors, such as potentiometric ones. Nowadays, the determination of chloride ion in aqueous solutions has attracted great attention in several fields, from industrial processes to drinking water control. Indeed, chloride plays a crucial role in corrosion, also influencing the final taste of beverages, especially coffee. The main goal is to obtain devices suitable for continuous and real-time analysis. For these reasons, we investigated the possibility to develop an easy, low-cost potentiometric chloride sensor, able to perform analysis in aqueous mediums for long immersion time and reducing the need of periodic calibration. We realized a chloride ion selective electrode made of Ag/AgCl sintered pellet and we tested its response in model solutions compatible with drinking water. The sensor was able to produce a stable, reproducible, and accurate quantification of chloride in 900 s, without the need for a preliminary calibration test. This opens the route to potential applications of this sensor in continuous, in situ, and real time measurement of chloride ions in industrial processes, with a reduced need for periodic maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vizza
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; (P.M.); (C.G.); (W.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.V.); (M.I.)
| | - Patrick Marcantelli
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; (P.M.); (C.G.); (W.G.)
| | - Claudia Giovani
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; (P.M.); (C.G.); (W.G.)
| | - Walter Giurlani
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; (P.M.); (C.G.); (W.G.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, FI, Italy
| | - Paolo Giusti
- CDR S.R.L., Via degli Artigiani 6, 50055 Ginestra Fiorentina, FI, Italy;
| | - Claudio Fontanesi
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari” (DIEF), University of Modena, Via Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, MO, Italy;
| | - Massimo Innocenti
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; (P.M.); (C.G.); (W.G.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, FI, Italy
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.V.); (M.I.)
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17
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Sharawy M, Pigni NB, May ER, Gascón JA. A favorable path to domain separation in the orange carotenoid protein. Protein Sci 2022; 31:850-863. [PMID: 35000233 PMCID: PMC8927859 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The orange carotenoid protein (OCP) is responsible for nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) in cyanobacteria, a defense mechanism against potentially damaging effects of excess light conditions. This soluble two-domain protein undergoes profound conformational changes upon photoactivation, involving translocation of the ketocarotenoid inside the cavity followed by domain separation. Domain separation is a critical step in the photocycle of OCP because it exposes the N-terminal domain (NTD) to perform quenching of the phycobilisomes. Many details regarding the mechanism and energetics of OCP domain separation remain unknown. In this work, we apply metadynamics to elucidate the protein rearrangements that lead to the active, domain-separated, form of OCP. We find that translocation of the ketocarotenoid canthaxanthin has a profound effect on the energetic landscape and that domain separation only becomes favorable following translocation. We further explore, characterize, and validate the free energy surface (FES) using equilibrium simulations initiated from different states on the FES. Through pathway optimization methods, we characterize the most probable path to domain separation and reveal the barriers along that pathway. We find that the free energy barriers are relatively small (<5 kcal/mol), but the overall estimated kinetic rate is consistent with experimental measurements (>1 ms). Overall, our results provide detailed information on the requirement for canthaxanthin translocation to precede domain separation and an energetically feasible pathway to dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Sharawy
- Department of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
| | - Natalia B. Pigni
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC‐CONICET)Ciudad UniversitariaCórdobaArgentina
| | - Eric R. May
- Department of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
| | - José A. Gascón
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
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Eagan LE, Chesney CA, Mascone SE, Ranadive SM. Arterial stiffness and blood pressure are similar in naturally menstruating and oral contraceptive pill using women during the higher-hormone phases. Exp Physiol 2022; 107:374-382. [PMID: 35199392 DOI: 10.1113/ep090151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Are there differences in blood pressure, arterial stiffness and indices of pressure waveforms between young oral contraceptive pill using and naturally menstruating women during lower and higher hormone phases of their cycles? What is the main finding and its importance? Blood pressure, arterial stiffness and indices of pressure waveforms are influenced similarly by exogenous and endogenous hormones. However, lower levels of exogenous hormones moderately increase blood pressure among OCP. ABSTRACT Elevations in blood pressure (BP) are understood as having a bidirectional relationship with stiffening of central and peripheral arteries. Arterial stiffness is mitigated by oestrogen, which aides in arterial vasorelaxation. To evaluate whether BP, stiffness, and pressure waveforms were different between young healthy naturally menstruating (non-OCP) and oral contraceptive pill using women (OCP), we measured brachial and aortic BPs, carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), carotid β-stiffness, elastic-modulus, central augmentation index (AIx and AIx75), and forward and backward pressure waveforms (Pf and Pb) in 22 women (22 (1) yr, OCP: n = 12). To assess phasic differences, women were studied during the early follicular (EF; ≤5 days of menstruation onset) and early luteal (EL; 4 (2) days post-ovulation) phases of non-OCP and compared to the placebo pill (PP; ≤5 days of onset) and active pill (AP; ≤5 days of highest-dose AP) phases of OCP. During the lower hormone phases, OCP have significantly higher brachial SBP (119.3 (8.3) vs. 110.2 (8.3) mmHg, P = 0.02) and aortic SBP (104.10 (7.44) vs. 96.80 (6.39) mmHg, P = 0.03) as compared to non-OCP; however, during the higher hormone phases, there are no differences in measures of brachial or aortic BP, arterial stiffness, or indices of BP waveforms between OCP and non-OCP (P≥0.05). In conclusion, exogenous and endogenous hormones have similar influences on BP and arterial stiffness; however, lower levels of exogenous hormones augment both central and peripheral BPs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Eagan
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Catalina A Chesney
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Sara E Mascone
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Sushant M Ranadive
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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19
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Tawar N, Banerjee BD, Madhu SV, Agrawal V, Gupta S. Association of Organochlorine Pesticides With Genetic Markers of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study Among the North-Indian Population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:841463. [PMID: 35370992 PMCID: PMC8966505 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.841463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have been long linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, this relation at the molecular level has not been explored yet. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and pro-inflammatory pathways are considered vital ones in the pathogenesis of T2DM. We aimed to investigate the existence of any association between OCPs, ER stress, and pro-inflammatory pathways in subjects with known T2DM. METHODS Seventy subjects each with T2DM and normal glucose tolerance were recruited from the surgery department. Their visceral adipose tissue was collected intraoperatively. OCP concentration, ER stress, and pro-inflammatory markers were analyzed and compared between two study groups. RESULTS We found 18 OCPs and their metabolites in visceral adipose tissue samples of study participants. The levels of δ-HCH, heptachlor, endrin, and p,p'DDT were significantly higher in the T2DM group and were also positively correlated with fasting and postprandial plasma glucose levels (p < 0.01). We observed a positive association of δ-HCH (p < 0.01), heptachlor (p < 0.05), and endrin (p < 0.05) with central adiposity and ER stress markers. However, we failed to establish the correlation of OCPs with any of the pro-inflammatory markers. CONCLUSION The existence and simultaneous complex correlation of OCPs with ER stress may explain their role in the pathogenesis of T2DM, revealing the persistence of the gene-environment interaction in the etiology of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Tawar
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and Guru Teg Bahadur (GTB) Hospital (University of Delhi), Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Neha Tawar, ; Basu Dev Banerjee,
| | - Basu Dev Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and Guru Teg Bahadur (GTB) Hospital (University of Delhi), Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Neha Tawar, ; Basu Dev Banerjee,
| | - Sri Venkata Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, UCMS and Guru Teg Bahadur (GTB) Hospital (University of Delhi), Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Agrawal
- Department of Surgery, UCMS and Guru Teg Bahadur (GTB) Hospital (University of Delhi), Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Surgery, UCMS and Guru Teg Bahadur (GTB) Hospital (University of Delhi), Delhi, India
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20
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Zhang Y, Lu W, Zhao Q, Chen J, Wang T, Ji J. The role of the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 in ossification. Dev Dyn 2021; 251:748-758. [PMID: 34962674 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SHP2, encoded by the PTPN11 gene, participates in multiple cell functions including cell proliferation, movement, and differentiation. PTPN11 loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutations are both associated with diseases, such as Noonan syndrome, whose manifestations include bone defects, suggesting a crucial role for SHP2 in the skeleton. However, the exact mechanisms by which SHP2 regulates bone development remain unclear. This review focuses on the current understanding of the regulation of SHP2 and highlights the vital roles of SHP2 in skeletal development, especially its roles in ossification. Overall, a better understanding of the functions of SHP2 in ossification will provide a new avenue to treat-related skeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jindong Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiancong Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ji
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
This analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of oral contraceptive pill (OCP) pretreatment for gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol, especially for different responder women. The PubMed, EMBASE, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were searched for trials on with and without OCP pretreatment before stimulation with gonadotropins. The standardized mean differences (SMDs) or pooled risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used for statistical analysis. Fifteen studies with 5326 in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles were summarized. The clinical pregnancy rate, moderate or severe ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome (OHSS) rate, and miscarriage rate was not found to be significantly different between patients with and those without OCP pretreatment, even after sensitivity analyses. In addition, there were still no statistically significant differences for the subgroups analyses of hyper-responders, poor responders, and normal responders. No significant differences were detected in the duration of ovarian stimulation, gonadotropin dose consumed, endometrial thickness on day of oocyte collection, or number of oocytes. This meta-analysis did not find an unequivocally beneficial effect of OCP pretreatment for different responder women with using a GnRH-ant protocol. The clinician should weigh the advantages and disadvantages of OCP pretreatment and guide the treatment scheduling considering the patient's own situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yan Sun
- The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, PR China
| | - Sien Mo
- The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, PR China
| | - Shujia Wang
- The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, PR China
| | - Weiwei Luo
- The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, PR China
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22
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Abstract
BACKGROUND This case discusses the challenges created by COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) in the area of hormonal contraception, highlighting the contraception knowledge gap for women in their post COVID-19 period, especially if they had high D-dimer levels. CASE PRESENTATION This case involves a thirty-eight-year-old woman taking combined oral contraception (desogestrel/ethinyl oestradiol tablets) with a history of varicose veins. She recovered from a COVID-19 infection in November 2020. She presented to the emergency room with right lower-limb pain below the knee and progressive swelling for five days in February 2021. Physical examination of the lower limb showed mild swelling and tenderness of the right leg compared to the left leg. D-Dimer was elevated (1.06 mcg/mL FEU). COVID-19 screening was negative. A Doppler scan to exclude DVT was performed considering the clinical picture and high D-dimer level. There was no evidence of DVT in the right limb. She was reassured and discharged with instructions on when to visit the emergency room. The D-dimer had decreased to 0.53 mcg/mL FEU in March 2021. She booked an appointment with family medicine clinics because she was concerned about the continuation of combined oral contraception (desogestrel/ethinyl oestradiol tablets) with high D-dimer and risk of thrombosis. The follow-up D-dimer level in May 2021 was normal (0.4 mcg/mL FEU). The patient preferred to continue taking oral contraception. CONCLUSION An evidence-based consensus is needed to guide clinicians in providing contraception counselling for such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada A Alyousefi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Günes ME, Sari MF, Esen F. Organochlorine pesticides in honeybee, pollen and honey in Bursa, Turkey. Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill 2021; 14:126-132. [PMID: 33691604 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2021.1896583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
g-In this study, the presence of OCP residues in the honeybee, pollen and honey samples in urban and semi-urban areas were investigated. A total of 10 OCP concentrations (∑10OCP) in honeybee samples were 39.14 ± 11.06 ng g-1 for the urban area and 39.93 ± 7.09 ng g-1 for the semi-urban area, respectively. Similarly, ∑10OCP concentrations in pollen and honey samples were estimated to be 21.72 ± 4.43 ng g-1 and 41.83 ± 1.61 ng g-1 for the urban area, 19.77 ± 2.86 ng g-1 and 39.23 ± 3.90 ng g-1 for the semi-urban area, respectively. Also, it was concluded that the existence of OCP residues in both sampling areas was due to the recent use of pesticides. Finally, the cancer risk caused by the consumption of pollen and honey samples was evaluated, and it was found that there was no cancer risk in both sampling areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesut Ertan Günes
- Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Bursa Uludag University, Nilüfer/Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ferhat Sari
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, Nilüfer/Bursa, Turkey
| | - Fatma Esen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, Nilüfer/Bursa, Turkey
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Tiyawattanaroj W, Witte S, Fehr M, Legler M. Monitoring of Organochlorine Pesticide and Polychlorinated Biphenyl Residues in Common Swifts ( Apus apus) in the Region of Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. Vet Sci 2021; 8:87. [PMID: 34065761 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8050087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of pesticides is associated with the decline of several avian species. In this study, we monitored the organochlorine contaminants in common swifts (Apus apus) in the years 2016 to 2018. These long-distance migrants breed in Europe and winter in Africa. Their only feeding source is aerial plankton. Pooled organ samples of 42 adult and 40 juvenile swifts were tested with the multi-residue method by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS). Predominantly, 4,4′-DDE, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), lindane and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were found in most of these common swifts. Only 4,4′-DDE (adult: 83 ± 70 μg/kg, juvenile: 17 ± 39 μg/kg) and dieldrin (adult: 2 ± 3 μg/kg, juvenile: 0.3 ± 1 μg/kg) concentrations were significantly different between adult and juvenile birds. All detected concentrations in our study were far lower than the previously recorded pesticide concentrations of common swifts in Italy and those which are known to cause toxicity and death in birds.
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Abstract
Unplanned pregnancies account for a large number of encountered pregnancies. One of the reasons for this is the lack of counseling surrounding contraception and subsequently lack of contraception use. A conversation during a regular CKD office visit of simply asking a woman what her plans are regarding pregnancy can lead to further discussion on timing of pregnancy and contraception and eventually safer outcomes for both the mother and fetus. Individual preference, as well as comorbid conditions, should be taken into account when deciding on optimal contraceptive methods. One must remember that contraception counseling and initiation of contraception should not be wrapped up in a single office visit, and there must be continued follow-up to ensure that the woman is using the contraceptive method correctly to prevent any future unplanned pregnancy.
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Zheng Q, Li J, Wang Y, Lin T, Xu Y, Zhong G, Bing H, Luo C, Zhang G. Levels and enantiomeric signatures of organochlorine pesticides in Chinese forest soils: Implications for sources and environmental behavior. Environ Pollut 2020; 262:114139. [PMID: 32120253 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the levels and distributions of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in 159 background soil samples collected from 30 forested mountain sites across China. The sum of DDT was the most abundant OCP, with the concentrations of 0.197-207 ng/g and 0.033-122 ng/g in the O-horizon and A-horizon, respectively. High concentrations of OCPs usually occur near agricultural regions or high consumption areas. The spatial distribution was mainly influenced by the emission sources and soil total organic contents (TOC). The chiral compounds were generally nonracemic in the soils and showed preferential degradation of (-) o,p'- dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, (+) trans-chlordane, and (-) cis-chlordane in both the O- and A-horizons. The enantiomeric fraction (EF) distributions of chiral OCPs displayed no differences across the forest sites in the O-horizon or the A-horizon. Comparing the deviation of EFs from racemic (DEVrac = absolute value of 0.500 - EF) with environmental parameters, we found that DEVrac of cis-chlordane demonstrated a strong positive correlation with TOC (p < 0.05) and the C/N ratio (p < 0.01). This relationship suggests that these factors could affect the microbial activity and significantly impact the extent of enantioselective degradation of chiral compounds in the soils. Fresh and historical applications of DDT and historical chlordane and endosulfan uses may be prominent sources of OCP accumulation in Chinese forest soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zheng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Tian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Guangcai Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Haijian Bing
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chunling Luo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Sonne C, Siebert U, Gonnsen K, Desforges JP, Eulaers I, Persson S, Roos A, Bäcklin BM, Kauhala K, Tange Olsen M, Harding KC, Treu G, Galatius A, Andersen-Ranberg E, Gross S, Lakemeyer J, Lehnert K, Lam SS, Peng W, Dietz R. Health effects from contaminant exposure in Baltic Sea birds and marine mammals: A review. Environ Int 2020; 139:105725. [PMID: 32311628 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Here we review contaminant exposure and related health effects in six selected Baltic key species. Sentinel species included are common eider, white-tailed eagle, harbour porpoise, harbour seal, ringed seal and grey seal. The review represents the first attempt of summarizing available information and baseline data for these biomonitoring key species exposed to industrial hazardous substances focusing on anthropogenic persistent organic pollutants (POPs). There was only limited information available for white-tailed eagles and common eider while extensive information exist on POP exposure and health effects in the four marine mammal species. Here we report organ-tissue endpoints (pathologies) and multiple biomarkers used to evaluate health and exposure of key species to POPs, respectively, over the past several decades during which episodes of significant population declines have been reported. Our review shows that POP exposure affects the reproductive system and survival through immune suppression and endocrine disruption, which have led to population-level effects on seals and white-tailed eagles in the Baltic. It is notable that many legacy contaminants, which have been banned for decades, still appear to affect Baltic wildlife. With respect to common eiders, changes in food composition, quality and contaminant exposure seem to have population effects which need to be investigated further, especially during the incubation period where the birds fast. Since new industrial contaminants continuously leak into the environment, we recommend continued monitoring of them in sentinel species in the Baltic, identifying possible effects linked to climate change, and modelling of population level effects of contaminants and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Sonne
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou CN-450002, China.
| | - Ursula Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Werftstr. 6, 25761 Büsum, Germany.
| | - Katharina Gonnsen
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Werftstr. 6, 25761 Büsum, Germany.
| | - Jean-Pierre Desforges
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Sara Persson
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Environmental Research and Monitoring, Frescativägen 40, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Anna Roos
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Environmental Research and Monitoring, Frescativägen 40, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Britt-Marie Bäcklin
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Environmental Research and Monitoring, Frescativägen 40, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kaarina Kauhala
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Luke. Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4 A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Morten Tange Olsen
- Evolutionary Genomics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
| | - Karin C Harding
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, 25 SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Gabriele Treu
- German Environment Agency, Section Chemicals, Wörlitzer Platz 1, 06844 Dessau-Roßlau, Germany.
| | - Anders Galatius
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Emilie Andersen-Ranberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health, Dyrlægevej 16, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Stephanie Gross
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Werftstr. 6, 25761 Büsum, Germany.
| | - Jan Lakemeyer
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Werftstr. 6, 25761 Büsum, Germany.
| | - Kristina Lehnert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Werftstr. 6, 25761 Büsum, Germany.
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou CN-450002, China; Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (Akuatrop) & Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development (Bio-D Tropika), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, MY-21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Wanxi Peng
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou CN-450002, China
| | - Rune Dietz
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
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Barbieri JS, Roe AH, Mostaghimi A. Simplifying contraception requirements for iPLEDGE: A decision analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 83:104-108. [PMID: 32068040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For persons of childbearing potential prescribed isotretinoin, the iPLEDGE program requires use of 2 simultaneous methods of contraception or commitment to abstinence. OBJECTIVE To model the relative effectiveness of a variety of contraception strategies for patients taking isotretinoin, including those that are acceptable according to iPLEDGE. METHODS We performed a decision analysis modeling the estimated rate of pregnancy with various contraception strategies during a typical 6-month course of isotretinoin. RESULTS Tier 1 contraception options (eg, subdermal hormonal implant, intrauterine devices) each had effectiveness of >99.5% alone. When combined with a secondary form of contraception, tier 2 contraception options (eg, depot medroxyprogesterone injections, combined oral contraceptives) each had effectiveness >99%. LIMITATIONS Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the impact of uncertain parameters on the results. CONCLUSION There may be opportunities to simplify iPLEDGE by recognizing the high effectiveness of tier 1 contraception options and increasing use of secondary forms of contraception among those using tier 2 contraception options as their primary form of contraception. Future studies are needed to understand the most effective strategies in clinical practice to prevent unintended pregnancy for patients taking isotretinoin to improve outcomes and provide patient-centered care.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Barbieri
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Andrea H Roe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Arash Mostaghimi
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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29
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Stan C, Diaconu E, Hopirca L, Petra N, Rednic A, Stan C. Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid. Rom J Ophthalmol 2020; 64:226-230. [PMID: 32685792 PMCID: PMC7339695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP) is an autoimmune ocular disease that causes severe dry eye syndrome, conjunctival scarring with inferior fornix shortening and entropion along with trichiasis. Corneal keratinization and corneal ulcers may lead to permanent vision loss. The therapeutic approach of OCP is a challenging one. Thus, the treatment consists of a systemic therapy that includes immunosuppressive as well as corticosteroid medication. Also, surgical procedures for modifications of eyelid position, symblepharon and cataract may aggravate the evolution of the disease. Dry eye syndrome, which is known to be a multifactorial disorder of the ocular surface secondary to qualitative or quantitative alteration of the tear film, is a severe and frequent complication of OCP. In this article, we presented 3 patients diagnosed with OCP, who developed severe dry eye syndrome, entropion, corneal erosions and ultimately, permanent vision loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Stan
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
,Hospital of Ophthalmology, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
| | | | - Livia Hopirca
- Hospital of Ophthalmology, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
| | | | - Anca Rednic
- Hospital of Ophthalmology, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
| | - Cristina Stan
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
,Hospital of Pediatric Neurology, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
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30
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Bandow N, Conrad A, Kolossa-Gehring M, Murawski A, Sawal G. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and organochlorine pesticides ( OCP) in blood plasma - Results of the German environmental survey for children and adolescents 2014-2017 (GerES V). Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 224:113426. [PMID: 31978724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.113426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The German Environmental Survey for Children and Adolescents 2014-2017 (GerES V) investigated the current internal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and organochlorine pesticides (OCP). These analyses were carried out for a population-representative sub-sample of 1135 children and adolescents (aged 3-17 years) of all 2394 GerES V participants. Blood plasma samples were analyzed for seven indicator PCB (PCB 28, PCB 52, PCB 101, PCB 118, PCB 138, PCB 153 and PCB 180) and selected OCP (hexachlorobenzene, three hexachlorocyclohexane isomers, 4,4'-DDT, 4,4'-DDD and 4,4'-DDE). Despite risk mitigation measures and bans put into force some decades ago children and adolescents living in Germany are still exposed to PCB and OCP: Highest geometric mean plasma concentrations were measured for 4,4'-DDE (0.158 μg/L), followed by PCB 138 (0.049 μg/L), PCB 153 (0.066 μg/L) and PCB 180 (0.032 μg/L). Different application patterns of compounds between former East and former West Germany are still reflected by differences in plasma concentrations. Significant differences between age groups and by sexes were found. Moreover, the influence of breastfeeding and fish consumption, which was also found in other studies, was confirmed. Comparison with the results of GerES 2003-2006 confirms a decreasing trend in blood samples observed world-wide. Currently, health-based guidance values for PCB are still exceeded, though to a very limited extent. Also, the widespread occurrence of these compounds underlines the need for further monitoring of these compounds in humans although they are no longer marketed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bandow
- German Environment Agency, Laboratory for Water Analysis, Bismarckplatz 1, Berlin, 14193, Germany.
| | - André Conrad
- German Environment Agency, Toxicology, Health-related Environmental Monitoring, Correnplatz 1, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Marike Kolossa-Gehring
- German Environment Agency, Toxicology, Health-related Environmental Monitoring, Correnplatz 1, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Aline Murawski
- German Environment Agency, Toxicology, Health-related Environmental Monitoring, Correnplatz 1, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - George Sawal
- German Environment Agency, Laboratory for Water Analysis, Bismarckplatz 1, Berlin, 14193, Germany
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31
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Ahuir-Torres JI, Simandjuntak S, Bausch N, Farrar A, Webb S, Nash A, Thomas B, Muna J, Jonsson C, Matthew D. Corrosion threshold data of metallic materials in various operating environment of offshore wind turbine parts (tower, foundation, and nacelle/gearbox). Data Brief 2019; 25:104207. [PMID: 31440542 PMCID: PMC6699462 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper outlines corrosion thresholds for different environmental conditions of metallic materials commonly used in the tower, foundation, and nacelle/gearbox of an offshore wind turbine. These threshold values were derived from laboratory corrosion testing employing electrochemical analysis techniques, using the media/solvents that are representative to the operating environment of those wind turbine parts, such as seawater, grease, oils/lubricants, or their combination, at room temperature and at 328K. These values can provide an indication when general/local corrosion or protective film/surface damages have occurred. They can thus be utilised for detecting and monitoring corrosion at certain locations in the wind turbine structure. The presented data have been verified and validated to ensure their repeatability and reliability by means of numerous laboratory tests in accordance to the relevant engineering test standards and an extensive literature/published data review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Simandjuntak
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, United Kingdom
| | - N Bausch
- School of Energy and Electronic Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Anglesea Road, Portsmouth, PO1 3DJ, United Kingdom
| | - A Farrar
- School of Energy and Electronic Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Anglesea Road, Portsmouth, PO1 3DJ, United Kingdom
| | - S Webb
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, United Kingdom
| | - A Nash
- Avonwood Developments Ltd, Bournemouth, BH21 7ND, United Kingdom
| | - B Thomas
- Avonwood Developments Ltd, Bournemouth, BH21 7ND, United Kingdom
| | - J Muna
- Avanti Communications, London, EC4V 6EB, United Kingdom
| | - C Jonsson
- Avanti Communications, London, EC4V 6EB, United Kingdom
| | - D Matthew
- Avanti Communications, London, EC4V 6EB, United Kingdom
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Sawadogo PM, Bougouma C, Zida A, Compaoré J, Guiguemdé TK, Sangaré I, Kaboré D, Bamba S, Guiguemdé TR. [Onchocerciasis in Burkina Faso: a Re-Emerging Vector-Borne Endemic Disease]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 2019; 112:260-274. [PMID: 32880127 DOI: 10.3166/bspe-2020-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Burkina Faso, like other countries, reported a focal interruption of onchocerciasis transmission and was thus placed under post-therapeutic surveillance. However, the country seems to be experiencing a resurgence of the disease according to recent surveys at certain sentinel sites and data from various surveys. The aim of our study is to take stock of the evolution of the current epidemiological situation of onchocerciasis in Burkina Faso. For data collection, in addition to the scientific articles, we have used data from different epidemiological and entomological surveys conducted by the National Program for the Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases (PNLMTN) through its onchocerciasis elimination unit in Burkina Faso. Prior to implementation of the Onchocerciasis Control Program in West Africa (OCP), Burkina Faso had onchocerciasis prevalence between 60% and 80%. In 2002, the maximum prevalence dropped to 15%. However, in 2010 and 2011, epidemiological surveys indicated that some villages in the Comoé River basin had prevalence rate ranging from 0.7% to 71%. Thirteen (13) villages had prevalence rates above the tolerable threshold of 5%. Despite the implementation of the community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) since 2011, recent surveys show a tendency for a recrudescence of the disease in some sites, yet covered by the TIDC. This suggests that the elimination of onchocerciasis requires the integration of new control strategies. Thus, an essential condition for the elimination of onchocerciasis is the analysis of the situation in each focus in order to define the most cost-effective strategy for permanently interrupting the transmission of the parasite. National onchocerciasis elimination committees put in place will play a key role in determining the best strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Sawadogo
- Service de parasitologie-mycologie, centre hospitalier universitaire de Yalgado-Ouédraogo, 03 BP 7022, Ouaga 03, Burkina Faso
- Unité de formation et de recherche en sciences de la santé, université Joseph-Ki-Zerbo (UJKZ), Burkina Faso
| | - C Bougouma
- Programme national de lutte contre les maladies tropicales négligées, unité d'élimination de l'onchocercose, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - A Zida
- Service de parasitologie-mycologie, centre hospitalier universitaire de Yalgado-Ouédraogo, 03 BP 7022, Ouaga 03, Burkina Faso
- Unité de formation et de recherche en sciences de la santé, université Joseph-Ki-Zerbo (UJKZ), Burkina Faso
| | - J Compaoré
- Programme national de lutte contre les maladies tropicales négligées, unité d'élimination de l'onchocercose, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - T K Guiguemdé
- Unité de formation et de recherche en sciences de la santé, université Joseph-Ki-Zerbo (UJKZ), Burkina Faso
- Service de parasitologie-mycologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire Charles-de-Gaulle, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - I Sangaré
- Service de parasitologie-mycologie, centre hospitalier universitaire Souro-Sanou, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
- Institut des sciences de la santé, université Nazi-Boni (UNB), Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - D Kaboré
- Service de parasitologie-mycologie, centre hospitalier universitaire de Yalgado-Ouédraogo, 03 BP 7022, Ouaga 03, Burkina Faso
| | - S Bamba
- Service de parasitologie-mycologie, centre hospitalier universitaire Souro-Sanou, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
- Institut des sciences de la santé, université Nazi-Boni (UNB), Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - T R Guiguemdé
- Académie nationale des sciences, des arts et des lettres du Burkina Faso (ANSAL), Burkina Faso
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Hanedar A, Güneş E, Kaykioğlu G, Çelik SÖ, Cabi E. Presence and distributions of POPS in soil, atmospheric deposition, and bioindicator samples in an industrial-agricultural area in Turkey. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 191:42. [PMID: 30593594 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-7159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were detected in the soil, lichen pine needle, and total deposition samples in the Meriç-Ergene Basin, which is one of the most important regions in terms of industrial and agricultural activities in Turkey. POP concentrations were measured in 192 samples selected to represent four seasons over a 1-year period across four different regions: an intensive industrial area, an industrial + residential area, an agricultural area, and a background area. Total PAH concentrations are found in the range of 69.6-887.6 ng/g, 74.6-1277.7 ng/g, 113.4-588.9 ng/g, and 0.00-937.8 ng/m2-day; total PCB concentrations are 9.98-62.9 ng/g, 6.8-68.1 ng/g, 11.3-32.7 ng/g, and 0.00-144.4 ng/m2-day; total OCPs concentrations are 5.9-83.2 ng/g, 7.3-85.6 ng/g, 9.9-97.1 ng/g, and 0.00-137.6 ng/m2-day respectively for soil, lichen, pine needles, and bulk samples. The data were evaluated according to pollutant groups and spatial and temporal changes. The highest PAH and PCB values were detected in lichen samples from industrial areas. The highest OCP values were detected for total deposition and soil samples and in the agricultural area. The results showed that two- to three-ring PAHs, hepta-PCBs, and cyclodienes were the most widespread pollutant groups. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the accumulation and indication properties of the matrices in the study for 0.05 significance level. The pollutant group in which matrices are most similar is PAHs. Total deposition samples showed the most different pattern in terms of indications, especially for PCBs. For OCP results, the concentration values obtained in soil samples were different from all other matrices. It was determined that the indication properties of the matrices identified as pollutant indicators differ markedly from the pollutant type, and this difference is at the lowest level for PAH pollutants. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asude Hanedar
- Environmental Engineering Department, Corlu Engineering Faculty, Namik Kemal University, Corlu, Tekirdag, Turkey.
| | - Elçin Güneş
- Environmental Engineering Department, Corlu Engineering Faculty, Namik Kemal University, Corlu, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Gül Kaykioğlu
- Environmental Engineering Department, Corlu Engineering Faculty, Namik Kemal University, Corlu, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Suna Özden Çelik
- Environmental Engineering Department, Corlu Engineering Faculty, Namik Kemal University, Corlu, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Evren Cabi
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Biology Department, Namik Kemal University, Corlu, Tekirdag, Turkey
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Vizuete J, Hernández-Moreno D, Fidalgo LE, Bertini S, Andreini R, Soler F, Míguez-Santiyán MP, López-Beceiro A, Pérez-López M. Concentrations of chlorinated pollutants in adipose tissue of yellow-legged gulls (Larus michahellis) from Spain: Role of gender and age. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 164:493-499. [PMID: 30145489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of 7 different polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, and eleven organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and metabolites, including DDTs (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane), HCHs (hexachlorocyclohexane isomers), Endosulfan, Endosulfan sulfate, Endrin, Dieldrin and HCB (hexachlorobenzene), were determined in adipose tissue of 57 yellow-legged gulls collected from NW and N Spain. Furthermore, the possible differences due to two endogenous factors, age and gender, were determined. All the analyzed PCBs were detected in over 66% of the samples, with levels of 291.9 (PCB 180), 34.5 (PCB 118), 0.7 (PCB 28), 432.6 (PCB 153), 225.5 (PCB 138), 1.3 (PCB 101) and 0.4 (PCB 52) µg/kg of adipose tissue. With respect to the OCPs and metabolites, only 4,4'-DDE and HCB were detected in more than 50% of the samples, with means of 360.6 and 2.5 µg/kg of adipose tissue, respectively. From all the considered contaminants, only 4,4'-DDE levels presented significant differences depending on the gender, with females showing higher values than males (p < 0.01). Significant differences (p < 0.001) were also found related to age for the levels of PCBs 180, 138, 101, 28 and 153, as well as 4,4'-DDE, with adult levels being higher than those in young birds. The results of the present study constitute a baseline to better assess the environmental impacts of PCB and OCP contamination at other coastal sites for future biomonitoring studies, with particular emphasis on gender- and age-related differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vizuete
- Toxicology Area, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (UEX), 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - D Hernández-Moreno
- National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile.
| | - L E Fidalgo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (USC), 27003 Lugo, Spain
| | - S Bertini
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - R Andreini
- Delfini Bizantini, Via Colonna 9, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - F Soler
- Toxicology Area, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (UEX), 10003 Caceres, Spain; IMPROCAR Research Institutes, Spain
| | - M P Míguez-Santiyán
- Toxicology Area, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (UEX), 10003 Caceres, Spain; INBIO G+C Research Institutes, Spain
| | - A López-Beceiro
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (USC), 27003 Lugo, Spain
| | - M Pérez-López
- Toxicology Area, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (UEX), 10003 Caceres, Spain; INBIO G+C Research Institutes, Spain.
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Li Y, Reid DG, Duer MJ, Chan JCC. Solid state NMR - An indispensable tool in organic-inorganic biocomposite characterization; refining the structure of octacalcium phosphate composites with the linear metabolic di-acids succinate and adipate. Solid State Nucl Magn Reson 2018; 95:1-5. [PMID: 30170130 PMCID: PMC6181798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Octacalcium phosphate (OCP; Ca8(HPO4)2(PO4)4. 5H2O) is a plausible precursor phase of biological hydroxyapatite, which composites with a number of biologically relevant organic metabolites. Widely used material science physicochemical structure determination techniques successfully characterize the mineral component of these composites but leave details of the structure, and interactions with mineral, of the organic component almost completely obscure. The metabolic linear di-acids succinate (SUC) and adipate (ADI) differentially expand the hydrated (100) layer of OCP. 13C13C correlation (proton driven spin diffusion, PDSD) experiments on OCP composited with (U-13C4)-SUC, and (U13C6)-ADI, show that the two di-acids per unit cell adopt non-centrosymmetric but mutually identical structures. 13C{31P}, rotational echo double resonance (REDOR) shows that one end of each linear di-acid is displaced further from the surface of the apatitic OCP layer relative to the other end. Overall the results indicate two di-acids per unit cell disposed perpendicularly across the OCP hydrated layer with one carboxylate of each di-acid substituting a hydrated surface OCP phosphate group. This study re-affirms the unique advantages of ssNMR in elucidating structural details of organic-inorganic biocomposites, and thereby mechanisms underlying the roles of small metabolites in influencing biomineralization mechanisms and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, Cambs, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - David G Reid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, Cambs, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Melinda J Duer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, Cambs, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.
| | - Jerry C C Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, College of Science, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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Rawla P, Pradeep Raj J, Thandra KC, Bandaru SS. Superior Mesenteric Vein Thrombosis in a Patient on Oral Contraceptive Pills. Gastroenterology Res 2018; 10:380-382. [PMID: 29317949 PMCID: PMC5755643 DOI: 10.14740/gr903w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal pain is a common occurrence, and it may vary from subtle pain to very severe pain due to a variety of causes, some of which may even be life-threatening. It is commonly believed that a life-threatening cause is almost always very severe with regards to the symptomatology. However, here in this case report, we report an unusual case of abdominal pain due to superior mesenteric vein (SMV) thrombosis in an otherwise healthy lady who was on an oral contraceptive agent for the last 2 years. She presented with mild abdominal pain for 3 days, and a computed tomography scan of the abdomen which was done to rule out common surgical causes of abdominal pain revealed a thrombus in the SMV. The patient was immediately started on systemic anticoagulation and was subsequently cured of her illness completely. This case report thus serves as a reminder to physicians that all abdominal pain should be thoroughly evaluated irrespective of the severity of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Rawla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Memorial Hospital of Martinsville and Henry County, VA, USA
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Jirsová S. The effect of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorinated pesticides on human reproduction. Ceska Gynekol 2018; 83:380-384. [PMID: 30848143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the current knowledges about the influence of PCB (polychlorinated biphenyls) and OCP (organochlorinated pesticides) on human infertility. TYPE OF STUDY Review article. SETTING The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and the General Faculty Hospital, Prague. METHODS Analysis of literature and current studies. RESULTS We prepared a review about the known effects of PCB and OCP on human reproduction, which can influence the results of IVF (in vitro fertilisation) program by their cumulation in follicular fluid. CONCLUSION In these compounds there is not direct evidence of their negative influence of reproduction. We have to complete our knowledges about PCB a OCP on fertility and protect the population against their cumulation.
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Sheikh HU, Pavlovic J, Loder E, Burch R. Risk of Stroke Associated With Use of Estrogen Containing Contraceptives in Women With Migraine: A Systematic Review. Headache 2017; 58:5-21. [PMID: 29139115 DOI: 10.1111/head.13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Migraine with aura has been associated with increased risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Prior studies have shown a further increase in risk in women using combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs). This has led to guidelines recommending against use of CHCs in this population. We sought to assess whether the risk of stroke is associated with the dose of estrogen and whether there is evidence of synergism between migraine and CHCs. We also sought to assess whether an interaction effect exists between migraine and CHCs. METHODS We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE from inception through January 2016 for relevant English-language studies of adults, of any design. We included studies that examined exposure to CHCs and reported outcomes of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Data extraction and assessment of study quality were conducted independently by reviewer pairs and quality was assessed with the GRADE and Newcastle Ottawa scales. RESULTS Of 2480 records, 15 studies met inclusion criteria and six provided odds ratios for the relevant population. The point estimates for the odds ratios for ischemic stroke in women with migraine who used CHCs with any dose of estrogen ranged from 2.08 to 16.9. Studies were generally small and confidence intervals were wide. No studies reported odds ratios for stroke risk as a function of estrogen dose in women with migraine, largely due to insufficient sample sizes. No interaction effect between migraine and CHCs was seen in the seven studies that assessed this. One study differentiated risk by presence or absence of migraine aura and found an increased risk in the migraine with aura population (OR 6.1; CI 3.1 to 12.1 in migraine with aura vs 1.8; CI 1.1 to 2.9 in the migraine without aura group). Studies generally had high Newcastle Ottawa scores and low GRADE levels of evidence. No studies met all three supplementary quality criteria (assessed migraine subtype, used International Classification of Headache Disorders criteria for diagnosis of migraine, and stratified risk by estrogen dose). CONCLUSIONS This systematic review shows a lack of good quality studies assessing risk of stroke associated with low dose estrogen use in women with migraine. Further study in this area is needed. The available evidence is consistent with an additive increase in stroke risk with CHC use in women with migraine with aura. Since the absolute risk of stroke is low even in the presence of these risk factors, use of CHCs in women who have migraine with aura should be based on an individualized assessment of harms and benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huma U Sheikh
- Mt. Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA (H.U. Sheikh)
| | - Jelena Pavlovic
- Montefiore Medical Center, AECOM, Bronx, New York (J. Pavlovic)
| | - Elizabeth Loder
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (E. Loder and R. Burch)
| | - Rebecca Burch
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (E. Loder and R. Burch)
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Acampora H, White P, Lyashevska O, O'Connor I. Presence of persistent organic pollutants in a breeding common tern (Sterna hirundo) population in Ireland. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:13025-13035. [PMID: 28382443 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8931-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are chemical compounds of environmental concern due to their toxic, persistent nature and their ability to bio-accumulate in biological tissue. Seabirds, for often being at the top of the food web, have been used as monitors of environmental pollutants. Adverse effects caused by POPs have been reported in common terns (Sterna hirundo) since the 1970s. Egg shell thinning, embryo and hatchling deformities have been reported for this species. Environmental legislation, such as the Oslo-Paris Convention (OSPAR), has agreed on the monitoring of concentration of POPs in common terns. This study set out to investigate contemporary concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in common terns breeding in Ireland, along with congener profiles. Investigation was conducted in live (n = 15) and dead birds (n = 20) to test for the efficiency of different methodologies using preen oil and feathers versus liver and preen gland. Mean concentrations of POPs followed the order: PCB (36.48 ng/g ww feather) > PAH (30.01 ng/g ww feather) > OCP (13.36 ng/g ww feather) > BFR (1.98 ng/g ww feather) in live birds; and PAH (46.65 ng/g ww preen gland) > PCB (44.11 ng/g ww preen gland) > OCP (15.15 ng/g ww liver) > BFR (5.07 ng/g ww liver) in dead birds. Comparison of contaminant results with toxicity pre-established levels concluded that this population of common terns in Ireland is not at risk of anomalies caused by POPs. However, some levels are higher in comparison to the ones established by OSPAR's EcoQO and must be monitored periodically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Acampora
- Marine & Freshwater Research Centre, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Dublin Rd, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Philip White
- Marine & Freshwater Research Centre, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Dublin Rd, Galway, Ireland
| | - Olga Lyashevska
- Marine & Freshwater Research Centre, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Dublin Rd, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ian O'Connor
- Marine & Freshwater Research Centre, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Dublin Rd, Galway, Ireland
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Falkowska L, Reindl AR, Grajewska A, Lewandowska AU. Organochlorine contaminants in the muscle, liver and brain of seabirds (Larus) from the coastal area of the Southern Baltic. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2016; 133:63-72. [PMID: 27414257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The presence of persistent organic pollutants in the environment manifests itself most strongly in the marine trophic chain, where the highest link is comprised of seabirds. At the same time, seabirds are excellent indicators of contamination in their habitat. The present study concentrates on toxic substances: polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and chlorinated organic pesticides (OCPs) accumulated in the livers, pectoral muscles and brains of dead gulls collected along the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea in the years 2010-12. The highest toxic equivalence was determined in the livers of Larus argentatus (TEQ(birds TEF)-28.3pgg(-1) ww) and Larus marinus (TEQ(birds TEF)-29.9pgg(-1) ww.). However, the toxic equivalence of muscles was lower and amounted to 3.9pgg(-1) ww. and 7.8pgg(-1) ww. respectively for the two species. The lowest toxic equivalence was found in the brains of birds, where only one, the most toxic, 2,3,7,8 TCDD congener was found (TEQ(birds TEF) 0.87pgg(-1) ww). The highest concentration of chloroorganic pesticides was determined in the brains of the birds (total OCP 167.8pgg(-1) ww.), lower concentrations were found in the livers (total OCP 92.1pgg(-1) ww.) and muscles (total OCP 43.1pgg(-1) ww.). With regard to pesticides, the highest proportion in the total OCP content was constituted by DDT and its isomers (liver 81%, muscles 77% and brain 55%). High concentrations of the studied pollutants in the livers of gulls found dead on the coast of the Southern Baltic could have been effected by levels of contamination in the birds' last meals, which resulted in a seven-fold increase of the liver's toxic equivalence and a two-fold increase in OCP concentration in relation to muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Falkowska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Address: Al. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-387 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Andrzej R Reindl
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Address: Al. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-387 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Grajewska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Address: Al. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-387 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Anita U Lewandowska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Address: Al. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-387 Gdynia, Poland
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A. Saberi E, Farhadmollashahi N, Ghotbi F, Karkeabadi H, Havaei R. Cytotoxic effects of mineral trioxide aggregate, calcium enrichedmixture cement, Biodentine and octacalcium pohosphate onhuman gingival fibroblasts. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2016; 10:75-80. [PMID: 27429722 PMCID: PMC4946003 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2016.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. This in vitro study compared the effects of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), calcium enriched mixture(CEM) cement, Biodentine (BD) and octacalcium phosphate (OCP) on the viability of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Methods. After completion of the setting time of the materials under study, fibroblasts were placed in 24-well insert platesand 1 mg of each material was added to the respective wells. The plates were then incubated at 37°C. The inserts were removedat 24, 48 and 168 hours and 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide was added to assess cytotoxicity via the MTT colorimetricassay. Data were analyzed at different time intervals using repeated-measures ANOVA, followed by the Bonferronitest at three levels of significance of P < 0.05, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001. Results. Cytotoxicity of the materials under study was not significantly different at 24 and 48 hours compared to the controlgroup. However, at 168 hours, a significant difference was noted between MTA (P < 0.05) and Biodentine (P < 0.01)and the control group. Conclusion. Cytotoxicity of MTA, CEM, Biodentine and OCP against HGFs was similar to that of the control group at 24and 48 hours. Over time, MTA and Biodentine exhibited less cytotoxicity than other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshagh A. Saberi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Narges Farhadmollashahi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Faroogh Ghotbi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamed Karkeabadi
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Roholla Havaei
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Caspersen IH, Kvalem HE, Haugen M, Brantsæter AL, Meltzer HM, Alexander J, Thomsen C, Frøshaug M, Bremnes NMB, Broadwell SL, Granum B, Kogevinas M, Knutsen HK. Determinants of plasma PCB, brominated flame retardants, and organochlorine pesticides in pregnant women and 3 year old children in The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. Environ Res 2016; 146:136-44. [PMID: 26749444 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) during prenatal and postnatal life has been extensively studied in relation to adverse health effects in children. OBJECTIVES The aim was to identify determinants of the concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), brominated flame retardants (polybrominated diphenyl ethers, PBDEs; polybrominated biphenyl, PBB), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in blood samples from pregnant women and children in The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). METHODS Blood samples were collected from two independent subsamples within MoBa; a group of women (n=96) enrolled in mid-pregnancy during the years 2002-2008 and a group of 3 year old children (n=99) participating during 2010-2011. PCB congeners (74, 99, 138, 153, 180, 170, 194, 209, 105, 114, 118, 156, 157, 167, and 189), brominated flame retardants (PBDE-28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154, and PBB-153), as well as the OCPs hexachlorobenzene (HCB), oxychlordane, 4,4'dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and 4,4'dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) were measured in both pregnant women and children. RESULTS Age, low parity, and low pre-pregnant BMI were the most important determinants of increased plasma concentrations of POPs in pregnant women. In 3 year old children, prolonged breastfeeding duration was a major determinant of increased POP concentrations. Estimated dietary exposure to PCBs during pregnancy was positively associated with plasma concentrations in 3 year old children, but not in pregnant women. Plasma concentrations were approximately 40% higher in children compared to pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS Several factors associated with exposure and toxicokinetics, i.e. accumulation, excretion and transfer via breastmilk of POPs were the main predictors of POP levels in pregnant women and children. Diet, which is the main exposure source for these compounds in the general population, was found to predict PCB levels only among children. For the PBDEs, for which non-dietary sources are more important, toxicokinetic factors appeared to have less predictive impact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen Engelstad Kvalem
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway; Bjørknes College, Lovisenberggata 13, NO-0456 Oslo, Norway
| | - Margaretha Haugen
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Lise Brantsæter
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jan Alexander
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine Thomsen
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - May Frøshaug
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Berit Granum
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Ozgur K, Berkkanoglu M, Bulut H, Humaidan P, Coetzee K. Agonist depot versus OCP programming of frozen embryo transfer: a retrospective analysis of freeze-all cycles. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 33:207-14. [PMID: 26701802 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-015-0639-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In segmented ART treatment or so-called 'freeze-all' strategy fresh embryo transfer is deferred, embryos cryopreserved, and the embryo transferred in a subsequent frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycle. The purpose of this cohort study was to compare a GnRHa depot with an oral contraceptive pill (OCP) programming protocol for the scheduling of an artificial cycle FET (AC-FET) after oocyte pick-up (OPU). METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted on prospectively performed segmented ART cycles performed between September 2014 and April 2015. The pregnancy, treatment duration, and cycle cancellation outcomes of 170 OCP programmed AC-FET cycles were compared with 241 GnRHa depot programmed AC-FET cycles. RESULTS No significant difference was observed in the per transfer pregnancy and clinical pregnancy rates between the OCP and GnRHa groups, 72.0 versus 77.2 %, and 57.8 versus 64.3 %, respectively. Furthermore, the early pregnancy loss rate was non-significantly different between the OCP and GnRH protocol groups, 19.8 versus 16.7 %, respectively. However, nine (5.29 %) cycles were cancelled due to high progesterone in the OCP protocol group, while no cycles were cancelled in the GnRHa protocol group and the time taken between OPU and FET was 19 days longer (54.7 vs 35.6 days) in the OCP protocol compared to the GnRHa protocol. CONCLUSIONS The results of this AC-FET programming study suggests that the inclusion of GnRHa depot cycle programming into a segmented ART treatment will ensure pregnancy, while significantly reducing treatment duration and cycle cancellation.
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Ulutaş OK, Çok İ, Darendeliler F, Aydin B, Çoban A, Henkelmann B, Schramm KW. Blood concentrations and risk assessment of persistent organochlorine compounds in newborn boys in Turkey. A pilot study. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:19896-19904. [PMID: 26289328 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5179-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Even early life in utero cannot provide a safe place for newborns. The first acquaintance with chemicals takes place in utero and/or with mother's milk after delivery. Besides legislations and bans to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), these chemicals are still affecting the general population especially the children as they are one of the populations most susceptible to chemicals, and also the health problems may arise in the future. Our objective is to collect the first data in newborns in Turkey to determine baseline levels of POPs in the general population and estimate the potential cancer risk related to exposure. Twenty-nine organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and 18 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in blood samples of newborn boys (0-1 month old) who were born in İstanbul, Turkey, in 2010-2012 were evaluated with high-resolution gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS). Results for analyzed chlorinated compounds are as follows: hexachlorocyclohexane (ΣHCH) 1828 ± 3650 pg/g lipid, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ΣDDT) 10,000 ± 15,398 pg/g lipid, and ΣPCB 1068 ± 1823 pg/g lipid. 4,4'-DDT, 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (4,4'-DDE), hexachlorobenzene, and PCB 138 and 153 are the major contaminants. New POPs as lindane 61 ± 268 pg/g lipid, pentachlorobenzene 13 ± 74 pg/g lipid, and endosulfan 29 ± 106 pg/g lipid are also detected in blood. Estimated total risk for lifetime PCB exposure is less than 1 × 10(-5), an acceptable risk. Blood concentration levels will be important base data in the assessment of health concerns of newborns as well as for studies about how endocrine disruptors affect humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Kenan Ulutaş
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Yenimahalle, 06330, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - İsmet Çok
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Yenimahalle, 06330, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Feyza Darendeliler
- Department of Pediatrics, İstanbul Medical Faculty, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Banu Aydin
- Department of Pediatrics, İstanbul Medical Faculty, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Asuman Çoban
- Department of Pediatrics, İstanbul Medical Faculty, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Bernhard Henkelmann
- Molecular Exposomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Ingolstädter Landstr 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karl-Werner Schramm
- Molecular Exposomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Ingolstädter Landstr 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt, Department für Biowissenschaften, Technische Universität München, Weihenstephaner Steig 23, 85350, Freising, Germany
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Al Dine EJ, Mokbel H, Elmoll A, Massemin S, Vuilleumier S, Toufaily J, Hanieh T, Millet M. Concomitant evaluation of atmospheric levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Strasbourg (France) using pine needle passive samplers. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:17850-17859. [PMID: 26162446 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5030-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, pine needles were used as cost-effective and reliable passive bio-monitors to concomitantly evaluate atmospheric concentrations of three classes of persistent organic pollutants, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The extraction of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from needle samples was performed. Eleven PCBs, 11 OCPs, and 15 PAHs were detected and followed through time in needle samples from three sites in the Strasbourg region. The urban and rural sites were more exposed to PCBs than the suburban site. The highest concentration of PCBs was found at the urban site, but the largest number of congeners (10) was detected at the rural site. PCB 189 and 156 were the predominant congeners in the rural site and PCB 70 in the urban site. For OCPs, the rural site displayed the highest concentrations (up to 22.9 ng g(-1)) and number of compounds investigated (9). The high concentration of γ- and β-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) at that time in the urban site was the reason for this result. γ- and β-HCH were the two predominant compounds in all samples. The suburban and urban sites were the most exposed with PAHs with pyrene, phenanthrene, and acenaphthene being the three predominant compounds in these sites. No specific trend in terms of time was apparent for PCBs and OCPs. However, higher concentrations were detected for some compounds in the first sampling, especially for PAHs, and this is attributed to variations in meteorological conditions (e.g., temperature, wind, rain) and variable inputs from both identified and unidentified sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enaam Jamal Al Dine
- Equipe Physico-chimie de l'atmosphère, UMR 7515 CNRS Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire des Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes Analytiques (LMCEMA), Ecole doctorale des sciences et technologies, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Haifaa Mokbel
- Equipe Physico-chimie de l'atmosphère, UMR 7515 CNRS Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire des Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes Analytiques (LMCEMA), Ecole doctorale des sciences et technologies, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmad Elmoll
- Laboratoire des Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes Analytiques (LMCEMA), Ecole doctorale des sciences et technologies, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sylvie Massemin
- Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie, UMR 7178 CNRS, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphane Vuilleumier
- Equipe Adaptations et interactions microbiennes dans l'environnement, UMR 7156 CNRS Génétique Moléculaire, Génomique, Microbiologie, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joumana Toufaily
- Laboratoire des Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes Analytiques (LMCEMA), Ecole doctorale des sciences et technologies, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Tayssir Hanieh
- Laboratoire des Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes Analytiques (LMCEMA), Ecole doctorale des sciences et technologies, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maurice Millet
- Equipe Physico-chimie de l'atmosphère, UMR 7515 CNRS Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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Yang Y, Wang H, Yan FY, Qi Y, Lai YK, Zeng DM, Chen G, Zhang KQ. Bioinspired porous octacalcium phosphate/silk fibroin composite coating materials prepared by electrochemical deposition. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:5634-5642. [PMID: 25734421 DOI: 10.1021/am5088488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The biomimetic structure and composition of biomaterials are recognized as critical factors that determine their biological performance. A bioinspired nano-micro structured octacalcium phosphate (OCP)/silk fibroin (SF) composite coating on titanium was achieved through a mild electrochemically induced deposition method. Findings indicate that SF plays a critical role in constructing the unique biomimetic hierarchical structure of OCP/SF composite coating layers. In vitro cell culture tests demonstrate that the presence of OCP/SF composite coatings, with highly ordered and hierarchically porous structure, greatly enhance cellular responses. The coatings developed in this study have considerable potential for various hard tissue engineering and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Yang
- †National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- †National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- ‡Research Center of Cooperative Innovation for Functional Organic/Polymer Material Micro/Nanofabrication, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Yi Yan
- †National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yu Qi
- †National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Kun Lai
- †National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Mei Zeng
- †National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- †National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- †National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- ‡Research Center of Cooperative Innovation for Functional Organic/Polymer Material Micro/Nanofabrication, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) are one of the most reliable methods of contraception. However, lack of knowledge about oral contraceptive use and inconsistent pill-taking might result in decreased efficacy. The study reported here aimed to explore women's knowledge about oral contraceptive use and assess the factors associated with knowledge about OCPs among users. METHODS This cross-sectional survey was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between April and June 2014. We included married, non-pregnant women >18 years old who had used a combined 21-day OCP for at least 3 months prior to recruitment. A questionnaire was used to collect the participants' demographic information. It also assessed their knowledge about OCPs. Data were entered into and analyzed using SPSS software. RESULTS A total of 357 women were recruited. Of these, 57.7% reported they knew what to do after missing one or two pills, but only 18.3% knew exactly what to do after missing more than two pills consecutively. Postgraduate women had a significantly higher knowledge score than illiterate women (P=0.002) and those who had completed at least primary education (P=0.001). Conversely, there was no difference in knowledge scores between Saudi and expatriate women (P=0.2). Monthly incomes (P=0.2) and mode of OCP selection (P=0.2) were also not significantly associated with knowledge scores. CONCLUSION Women had poor knowledge about OCP use. Appropriate measures should be taken to educate women about proper oral contraceptive use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahila Iftikhar
- Family and Community Medicine Department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Wu C, Luo Y, Gui T, Huang Y. Concentrations and potential health hazards of organochlorine pesticides in (shallow) groundwater of Taihu Lake region, China. Sci Total Environ 2014; 470-471:1047-1055. [PMID: 24239826 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A total of 27 shallow groundwater samples were collected from the Taihu Lake region (TLR), to determine the concentrations of 14 organochlorine pesticide (OCP) species, identify their possible sources, and estimate health risk of drinking the shallow groundwater. All OCP species occurred in the shallow groundwater of TLR with high detection frequency except p, p'-dichlorodiphenyldichlorothane (p, p'-DDD) and p, p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p, p'-DDT). DDTs and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) were the dominant OCP contaminants in the shallow groundwater of TLR, and they account for 44.2% total OCPs. The low α-HCH/γ-HCH ratio, high β-HCH/(α+γ)-HCH ratio and β-HCH being the dominant HCH isomers for the majority of samples suggest that the HCHs were mainly from the historical use of lindane after a period of degradation. p, p'-DDE being the dominant DDT metabolite for all the samples indicated that the DDTs were mainly from the historical residues. Compositional analysis also suggested that there were fresh input sources of heptachlors, aldrins and endrins in addition to the historical residues. Correlation analysis indicated the hexachlorobenzene (HCB) impurity in the shallow groundwater of TLR was likely from the historical application of lindane and technical HCH (a mixture of HCH isomers that is produced by photochlorination of benzene). Carcinogenic risk values for α-HCH, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, aldrins and dieldrin in the shallow groundwater in majority area of TLR were found to be >10(-6), posing a potentially serious cancer risk to those dependant on shallow groundwater for drinking water.
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Key Words
- AT
- Aldrins
- BW
- C
- CDI
- CV
- Cancer risk
- Composition
- DDT
- DDTs
- ED
- EF
- Endrins
- GC-μECD
- HCB
- HCH
- HCHs
- HPLC
- HQ
- Heptachlors
- IR
- MDL
- OCP
- Organochlorine pesticides
- POPs
- PTFE
- PVC
- R
- R(f)D
- S/N
- SF
- SPE
- Shallow groundwater
- Source identification
- TLR
- Taihu Lake region
- US EPA
- United State Environmental Protection Agency
- aldrin and dieldrin
- average lifespan
- body weight
- carcinogenic risk
- chemical concentration in water
- chronic daily intake
- coefficient of variation
- dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
- endrin and endrin aldehyde
- exposure duration
- gas chromatography equipped with a (63)Ni electron capture detector
- hazard quotient
- heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide
- hexachlorobenzene
- hexachlorocyclohexane
- high performance liquid chromatography
- method detection limit
- organochlorine pesticide
- p, p′-DDD
- p, p′-DDE
- p, p′-DDE, p, p′-DDD and p, p′-DDT
- p, p′-dichlorodiphenyldichlorothane
- p, p′-dichlorodiphenylethane
- persistent organic pollutants
- polytetrafluoroethylene
- polyvinyl chloride
- reference dose of the contaminant via oral exposure
- signal versus noise value
- slope factor of the contaminant via oral exposure route
- solid phase extraction
- the exposure frequency
- water ingestion rate
- α-, β-, γ-, δ-isomers
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfa Wu
- Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Yongming Luo
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Tong Gui
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Yujuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Mukherjee R, De S. Adsorptive removal of phenolic compounds using cellulose acetate phthalate-alumina nanoparticle mixed matrix membrane. J Hazard Mater 2014; 265:8-19. [PMID: 24333710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were prepared using alumina nanoparticles and cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) by varying concentration of nanoparticles in the range of 10 to 25wt%. The membranes were characterized by scanning electron micrograph, porosity, permeability, molecular weight cut off, contact angle, surface zeta potential, mechanical strength. Addition of nanoparticles increased the porosity, permeability of the membrane up to 20wt% of alumina. pH at point of zero charge of the membrane was 5.4. Zeta potential of the membrane became more negative up to 20wt% of nanoparticles. Adsorption of phenolic derivatives, catechol, paranitrophenol, phenol, orthochloro phenol, metanitrophenol, by MMMs were investigated. Variation of rejection and permeate flux profiles were studied for different solutes as a function of various operating conditions, namely, solution pH, solute concentration in feed and transmembrane pressure drop. Difference in rejection of phenolic derivatives is consequence of interplay of surface charge and adsorption by alumina. Adsorption isotherm was fitted for different solutes and effects of pH were investigated. Catechol showed the maximum rejection 91% at solution pH 9. Addition of electrolyte reduced the rejection of solutes. Transmembrane pressure drop has insignificant effects on solute rejection. Competitive adsorption reduced the rejection of individual solute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raka Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Sirshendu De
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
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Al-Amiery AA, Kadhum AAH, Alobaidy AHM, Mohamad AB, Hoon PS. Novel Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in HCl. Materials (Basel) 2014; 7:662-72. [PMID: 28788482 DOI: 10.3390/ma7020662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Corrosion inhibitory effects of new synthesized compound namely 5,5’-((1Z,1’Z)-(1,4-phenylenebis(methanylylidene))bis(azanylylidene))bis(1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol) (PBB) on mild steel in 1.0 M HCl was investigated at different temperatures using open circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Results showed that PBB inhibited mild steel corrosion in acid solution and indicated that the inhibition efficiencies increased with the concentration of inhibitor, but decreased proportionally with temperature. Changes in impedance parameters suggested the adsorption of PBB on the mild steel surface, leading to the formation of protective films.
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