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Khalaf A, Lawniczak MKN, Blaxter ML, Jaron KS. Polyploidy is widespread in Microsporidia. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0366923. [PMID: 38214524 PMCID: PMC10845963 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03669-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Microsporidia are obligate intracellular eukaryotic parasites with an extremely broad host range. They have both economic and public health importance. Ploidy in microsporidia is variable, with a few species formally identified as diploid and one as polyploid. Given the increase in the number of studies sequencing microsporidian genomes, it is now possible to assess ploidy levels across all currently explored microsporidian diversity. We estimate ploidy for all microsporidian data sets available on the Sequence Read Archive using k-mer-based analyses, indicating that polyploidy is widespread in Microsporidia and that ploidy change is dynamic in the group. Using genome-wide heterozygosity estimates, we also show that polyploid microsporidian genomes are relatively homozygous, and we discuss the implications of these findings on the timing of polyploidization events and their origin.IMPORTANCEMicrosporidia are single-celled intracellular parasites, distantly related to fungi, that can infect a broad range of hosts, from humans all the way to protozoans. Exploiting the wealth of microsporidian genomic data available, we use k-mer-based analyses to assess ploidy status across the group. Understanding a genome's ploidy is crucial in order to assemble it effectively and may also be relevant for better understanding a parasite's behavior and life cycle. We show that tetraploidy is present in at least six species in Microsporidia and that these polyploidization events are likely to have occurred independently. We discuss why these findings may be paradoxical, given that Microsporidia, like other intracellular parasites, have extremely small, reduced genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Khalaf
- Tree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mark L. Blaxter
- Tree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kamil S. Jaron
- Tree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Guo J, He WB, Dai L, Tian F, Luo Z, Shen F, Tu M, Zheng Y, Zhao L, Tan C, Guo Y, Meng LL, Liu W, Deng M, Wu X, Peng Y, Zhang S, Lu GX, Lin G, Wang H, Tan YQ, Yang Y. Mosaic variegated aneuploidy syndrome with tetraploid, and predisposition to male infertility triggered by mutant CEP192. HGG Adv 2024; 5:100256. [PMID: 37981762 PMCID: PMC10716027 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2023.100256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report on mosaic variegated aneuploidy (MVA) syndrome with tetraploidy and predisposition to infertility in a family. Sequencing analysis identified that the CEP192 biallelic variants (c.1912C>T, p.His638Tyr and c.5750A>G, p.Asn1917Ser) segregated with microcephaly, short stature, limb-extremity dysplasia, and reduced testicular size, while CEP192 monoallelic variants segregated with infertility and/or reduced testicular size in the family. In 1,264 unrelated patients, variant screening for CEP192 identified a same variant (c.5750A>G, p.Asn1917Ser) and other variants significantly associated with infertility. Two lines of Cep192 mice model that are equivalent to human variants were generated. Embryos with Cep192 biallelic variants arrested at E7 because of cell apoptosis mediated by MVA/tetraploidy cell acumination. Mice with heterozygous variants replicated the predisposition to male infertility. Mouse primary embryonic fibroblasts with Cep192 biallelic variants cultured in vitro showed abnormal morphology, mitotic arresting, and disruption of spindle formation. In patient epithelial cells with biallelic variants cultured in vitro, the number of cells arrested during the prophase increased because of the failure of spindle formation. Accordingly, we present mutant CEP192, which is a link for the MVA syndrome with tetraploidy and the predisposition to male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Guo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Bin He
- Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China; Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fen Tian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenqing Luo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Shen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Tu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liu Zhao
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Tan
- Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China; Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongteng Guo
- Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China; Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lan-Lan Meng
- Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China; Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinghan Wu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuju Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guang-Xiu Lu
- Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China; Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China; Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue-Qiu Tan
- Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China; Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Yongjia Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Medical School & Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Iordanescu II, Neacsu AT, Catana A, Barabas-CuzmicI Z, Suciu V, Dragomir C, Voicu DE, Severin E, Militaru MS. Challenging diagnoses of tetraploidy/diploidy and trisomy 12: utility of first-tier prenatal testing methods. Front Genet 2023; 14:1258752. [PMID: 38034493 PMCID: PMC10684745 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1258752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Chromosome mosaicism and low-grade mosaicism present a challenge for diagnosis in the era of SNP array and NGS. Tetraploidy is a rare numerical chromosomal abnormality characterized by the presence of four copies of each chromosome. The prevalence of tetraploidy/diploidy mosaicism cases is extremely rare in the human population. Accurate estimates of the frequency of this chromosomal anomaly are lacking due to its classification as an extremely rare and difficult-to-detect condition. Methods: In this report, we describe two cases involving challenging diagnoses of tetraploidy/diploidy and trisomy 12. We utilized advanced genetic testing techniques, including SNP array, to examine the chromosomal abnormalities in these cases. We compared the results from SNP array to conventional G band karyotyping to assess the utility of first-tier prenatal testing methods. Results:Our analysis revealed two cases of tetraploidy/diploidy and trisomy 12 with atypical presentations. SNP array analysis provided higher resolution and more precise information about the chromosomal anomalies in these cases compared to conventional G band karyotyping. Additionally, the prevalence of tetraploidy/diploidy mosaicism was confirmed to be extremely rare in the population. Discussion: Low-level mosaicism is difficult to diagnose, and in many cases, it has traditionally been identified through techniques such as G band karyotype or FISH. Microarray has become an invaluable diagnostic tool for detecting chromosomal abnormalities, offering high-resolution insights. However, it may not always be able to detect rare occurrences of tetraploidy or tetraploidy/diploidy mosaicism. As a result, it is recommended to perform a G band karyotype analysis after obtaining a negative microarray result before considering other diagnostic methods with a potentially higher yield of diagnosis. For the detection of low-level mosaicism, combined diagnostic methods should be considered. The diagnosis of mosaicism is a multistep process that can be time-consuming, often requiring the application of more than one diagnostic technique. This approach is crucial for accurate diagnosis and comprehensive patient care. Further research is warranted to better understand the underlying mechanisms of these rare chromosomal anomalies and to develop more effective diagnostic strategies for challenging cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Ioana Iordanescu
- Genetics Department “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Genetics Department Laboratory, Regina Maria Hospital, Romania
| | | | - Andreea Catana
- Genetics Department Laboratory, Regina Maria Hospital, Romania
- Genetics Departament, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | | | | | | | - Emilia Severin
- Genetics Department “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariela Sanda Militaru
- Genetics Department Laboratory, Regina Maria Hospital, Romania
- Genetics Departament, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Jemaà M, Daams R, Charfi S, Mertens F, Huber SM, Massoumi R. Tetraploidization Increases the Motility and Invasiveness of Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13926. [PMID: 37762227 PMCID: PMC10531202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyploidy and metastasis are associated with a low probability of disease-free survival in cancer patients. Polyploid cells are known to facilitate tumorigenesis. However, few data associate polyploidization with metastasis. Here, by generating and using diploid (2n) and tetraploid (4n) clones from malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) and colon carcinoma (RKO), we demonstrate the migration and invasion advantage of tetraploid cells in vitro using several assays, including the wound healing, the OrisTM two-dimensional cell migration, single-cell migration tracking by video microscopy, the Boyden chamber, and the xCELLigence RTCA real-time cell migration. Motility advantage was observed despite tetraploid cell proliferation weakness. We could also demonstrate preferential metastatic potential in vivo for the tetraploid clone using the tail vein injection in mice and tracking metastatic tumors in the lung. Using the Mitelman Database of Chromosome Aberrations in Cancer, we found an accumulation of polyploid karyotypes in metastatic tumors compared to primary ones. This work reveals the clinical relevance of the polyploid subpopulation and the strategic need to highlight polyploidy in preclinical studies as a therapeutic target for metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Jemaà
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22381 Lund, Sweden;
- Human Genetics Laboratory (LR99ES10), Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (FMT), Tunis El Manar University, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Renee Daams
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22381 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Slim Charfi
- Department of Pathology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax University, Sfax 3029, Tunisia;
| | - Fredrik Mertens
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics Lund University, 22381 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Stephan M. Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Ramin Massoumi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22381 Lund, Sweden;
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5
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Bloomfield M, Cimini D. The fate of extra centrosomes in newly formed tetraploid cells: should I stay, or should I go? Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1210983. [PMID: 37576603 PMCID: PMC10413984 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1210983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
An increase in centrosome number is commonly observed in cancer cells, but the role centrosome amplification plays along with how and when it occurs during cancer development is unclear. One mechanism for generating cancer cells with extra centrosomes is whole genome doubling (WGD), an event that occurs in over 30% of human cancers and is associated with poor survival. Newly formed tetraploid cells can acquire extra centrosomes during WGD, and a generally accepted model proposes that centrosome amplification in tetraploid cells promotes cancer progression by generating aneuploidy and chromosomal instability. Recent findings, however, indicate that newly formed tetraploid cells in vitro lose their extra centrosomes to prevent multipolar cell divisions. Rather than persistent centrosome amplification, this evidence raises the possibility that it may be advantageous for tetraploid cells to initially restore centrosome number homeostasis and for a fraction of the population to reacquire additional centrosomes in the later stages of cancer evolution. In this review, we explore the different evolutionary paths available to newly formed tetraploid cells, their effects on centrosome and chromosome number distribution in daughter cells, and their probabilities of long-term survival. We then discuss the mechanisms that may alter centrosome and chromosome numbers in tetraploid cells and their relevance to cancer progression following WGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Bloomfield
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Daniela Cimini
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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Schvarzstein M, Alam F, Toure M, Yanowitz JL. An Emerging Animal Model for Querying the Role of Whole Genome Duplication in Development, Evolution, and Disease. J Dev Biol 2023; 11:26. [PMID: 37367480 PMCID: PMC10299280 DOI: 10.3390/jdb11020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole genome duplication (WGD) or polyploidization can occur at the cellular, tissue, and organismal levels. At the cellular level, tetraploidization has been proposed as a driver of aneuploidy and genome instability and correlates strongly with cancer progression, metastasis, and the development of drug resistance. WGD is also a key developmental strategy for regulating cell size, metabolism, and cellular function. In specific tissues, WGD is involved in normal development (e.g., organogenesis), tissue homeostasis, wound healing, and regeneration. At the organismal level, WGD propels evolutionary processes such as adaptation, speciation, and crop domestication. An essential strategy to further our understanding of the mechanisms promoting WGD and its effects is to compare isogenic strains that differ only in their ploidy. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is emerging as an animal model for these comparisons, in part because relatively stable and fertile tetraploid strains can be produced rapidly from nearly any diploid strain. Here, we review the use of Caenorhabditis polyploids as tools to understand important developmental processes (e.g., sex determination, dosage compensation, and allometric relationships) and cellular processes (e.g., cell cycle regulation and chromosome dynamics during meiosis). We also discuss how the unique characteristics of the C. elegans WGD model will enable significant advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of polyploidization and its role in development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Schvarzstein
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College at the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA
- Biology Department, The Graduate Center at the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Biochemistry Department, The Graduate Center at the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Fatema Alam
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College at the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA
| | - Muhammad Toure
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College at the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA
| | - Judith L. Yanowitz
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Locher M, Jukic E, Vogi V, Keller MA, Kröll T, Schwendinger S, Oberhuber K, Verdorfer I, Mühlegger BE, Witsch-Baumgartner M, Nachbaur D, Willenbacher W, Gunsilius E, Wolf D, Zschocke J, Steiner N. Amp(1q) and tetraploidy are commonly acquired chromosomal abnormalities in relapsed multiple myeloma. Eur J Haematol 2023; 110:296-304. [PMID: 36433728 PMCID: PMC10107198 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Long-term disease control in multiple myeloma (MM) is typically an unmet medical need, and most patients experience multiple relapses. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is the standard technique to detect chromosomal abnormalities (CAs), which are important to estimate the prognosis of MM and the allocation of risk adapted therapies. In advanced stages, the importance of CAs needs further investigation. From 148 MM patients, two or more paired samples, at least one of which was collected at relapse, were analyzed by FISH. Using targeted next-generation sequencing, we molecularly investigated samples harboring relapse-associated CAs. Sixty-one percent of the patients showed a change in the cytogenetic profile during the disease course, including 10% who acquired high-risk cytogenetics. Amp(1q) (≥4 copies of 1q21), driven by an additional increase in copy number in patients who already had 3 copies of 1q21, was the most common acquired CA with 16% affected patients. Tetraploidy, found in 10% of the samples collected at the last time-point, was unstable over the course of the disease and was associated with TP53 lesions. Our results indicate that cytogenetic progression is common in relapsed patients. The relatively high frequency of amp(1q) suggests an active role for this CA in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurus Locher
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Emina Jukic
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena Vogi
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus A Keller
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Teresa Kröll
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simon Schwendinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Oberhuber
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Irmgard Verdorfer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beatrix E Mühlegger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - David Nachbaur
- Internal Medicine V (Hematology & Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Willenbacher
- Internal Medicine V (Hematology & Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,syndena GmbH, connect to cure, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eberhard Gunsilius
- Internal Medicine V (Hematology & Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Internal Medicine V (Hematology & Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Medical Clinic 3, Oncology, Hematology, Immunoncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Johannes Zschocke
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Normann Steiner
- Internal Medicine V (Hematology & Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Nikitina TV, Sazhenova EA, Tolmacheva EN, Sukhanova NN, Vasilyev SA, Lebedev IN. Comparative cytogenetics of anembryonic pregnancies and missed abortions in human. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2023; 27:28-35. [PMID: 36923481 PMCID: PMC10009480 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-23-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Miscarriage is an important problem in human reproduction, affecting 10-15 % of clinically recognized pregnancies. The cases of embryonic death can be divided into missed abortion (MA), for which the ultrasound sign of the embryo death is the absence of cardiac activity, and anembryonic pregnancy (AP) without an embryo in the gestational sac. The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in extraembryonic tissues detected by conventional cytogenetic analysis of spontaneous abortions depending on the presence or absence of an embryo. This is a retrospective study of 1551 spontaneous abortions analyzed using GTG-banding from 1990 to 2022 (266 cases of AP and 1285 cases of MA). A comparative analysis of the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities and the distribution of karyotype frequencies depending on the presence of an embryo in the gestational sac was carried out. Statistical analysis was performed using a chi-square test with a p <0.05 significance level. The total frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in the study was 53.6 % (832/1551). The proportion of abnormal karyotypes in the AP and MA groups did not differ significantly and amounted to 57.1 % (152/266) and 52.9 % (680/1285) for AP and MA, respectively (p = 0.209). Sex chromosome aneuploidies and triploidies were significantly less common in the AP group than in the MA group (2.3 % (6/266) vs 6.8 % (88/1285), p = 0.005 and 4.9 % (13/266) vs 8.9 % (114/1285), p = 0.031, respectively). Tetraploidies were registered more frequently in AP compared to MA (12.4 % (33/266) vs. 8.2 % (106/1285), p = 0.031). The sex ratio among abortions with a normal karyotype was 0.54 and 0.74 for AP and MA, respectively. Thus, although the frequencies of some types of chromosomal pathology differ between AP and MA, the total frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in AP is not increased compared to MA, which indicates the need to search for the causes of AP at other levels of the genome organization, including microstructural chromosomal rearrangements, monogenic mutations, imprinting disorders, and epigenetic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Nikitina
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - E A Sazhenova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - E N Tolmacheva
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - N N Sukhanova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - S A Vasilyev
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - I N Lebedev
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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9
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Sanz-García A, Sánchez-Jiménez P, Granero-Cremades I, de Toledo M, Pulido P, Navas M, Frade JM, Pereboom-Maicas MD, Torres-Díaz CV, Ovejero-Benito MC. Neuronal and astrocytic tetraploidy is increased in drug-resistant epilepsy. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2023; 49:e12873. [PMID: 36541120 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent neurological diseases. A third of patients with epilepsy remain drug-resistant. The exact aetiology of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is still unknown. Neuronal tetraploidy has been associated with neuropathology. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of tetraploid neurons and astrocytes in DRE. METHODS For that purpose, cortex, hippocampus and amygdala samples were obtained from patients subjected to surgical resection of the epileptogenic zone. Post-mortem brain tissue of subjects without previous records of neurological, neurodegenerative or psychiatric diseases was used as control. RESULTS The percentage of tetraploid cells was measured by immunostaining of neurons (NeuN) or astrocytes (S100β) followed by flow cytometry analysis. The results were confirmed by image cytometry (ImageStream X Amnis System Cytometer) and with an alternative astrocyte biomarker (NDRG2). Statistical comparison was performed using univariate tests. A total of 22 patients and 10 controls were included. Tetraploid neurons and astrocytes were found both in healthy individuals and DRE patients in the three brain areas analysed: cortex, hippocampus and amygdala. DRE patients presented a higher number of tetraploid neurons (p = 0.020) and astrocytes (p = 0.002) in the hippocampus than controls. These results were validated by image cytometry. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the presence of both tetraploid neurons and astrocytes in healthy subjects as well as increased levels of both cell populations in DRE patients. Herein, we describe for the first time the presence of tetraploid astrocytes in healthy subjects. Furthermore, these results provide new insights into epilepsy, opening new avenues for future treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ancor Sanz-García
- Data Analysis Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Sánchez-Jiménez
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain.,NIMGenetics Genómica y Medicina S.L., Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María de Toledo
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Pulido
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Navas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Frade
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - María C Ovejero-Benito
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
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10
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Hubálek M, Kašpar V, Tichopád T, Rodina M, Flajšhans M. How do suboptimal temperatures affect polyploid sterlet Acipenser ruthenus during early development? J Fish Biol 2022; 101:77-91. [PMID: 35475498 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sturgeons are ancient fish exhibiting unique genome plasticity and a high tendency to produce spontaneously autopolyploid genome states. The temperature profiles of the rivers in which sturgeon live and reproduce have been severely altered by human intervention, and the effect of global warming is expected to cause further temperature shifts, which may be detrimental for early developmental stages with narrow windows of thermal tolerance. The comparison of the performance of diploid and autopolyploid sturgeon kept at unfavourable temperatures contributes to scientific knowledge of the effects of polyploid genome states on organisms and can shed light on the ability of polyploids to cope with human-induced alterations to natural conditions. Using the sterlet Acipenser ruthenus as a model species, we carried out conventional artificial fertilization, as well as the induction of the second polar body retention (SPBR), of the first mitotic division suppression (FMDS) and of the second polar body retention followed by the first mitotic division suppression (SPBR+FMDS). Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of polyploidy on two basic performance parameters, survival and growth. In Experiment 1, fish belonging to untreated, SPBR-, FMDS- and SPBR+FMDS-induced groups were kept at 10, 16 and 20°C from the neurula stage until the end of endogenous feeding. In Experiment 2, larvae from the untreated and SPBR-induced groups were reared at 10, 16 and 20°C after their endogenous feeding transition for 3 weeks. Based on our findings, we report that the embryos, prelarvae and larvae of triploid A. ruthenus do not differ from diploids in their ability to survive, grow and develop under suboptimal temperature conditions, while the survival of tetraploids was significantly reduced even at the optimal temperature and even more so at temperatures far from the optimum. This was also the case in the 2n/4n mosaics observed in FMDS-induced group. Thus, we assume that in tetraploid and 2n/4n individuals, the limits of thermal tolerance are closer to the optimum than in diploids. We also conclude that the hexaploid genome state is probably lethal in A. ruthenus since none of the hexaploids or 3n/6n mosaics arising from the SPBR+FMDS induction survived the prelarval period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hubálek
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Kašpar
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Tichopád
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Rodina
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Flajšhans
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
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11
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Ruiz-Ruano FJ, Navarro-Domínguez B, Camacho JPM, Garrido-Ramos MA. Transposable element landscapes illuminate past evolutionary events in the endangered fern Vandenboschia speciosa. Genome 2021; 65:95-103. [PMID: 34555288 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2021-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vandenboschia speciosa is an endangered tetraploid fern species with a large genome (10.5 Gb). Its geographical distribution is characterized by disjoined tertiary flora refuges, with relict populations that survived past climate crises. Here, we analyzed the transposable elements (TEs) and found that they comprise approximately 76% of the V. speciosa genome, thus being the most abundant type of DNA sequence in this gigantic genome. The V. speciosa genome is composed of 51% and 5.6% of Class I and Class II elements, respectively. LTR retrotransposons were the most abundant TEs in this species (at least 42% of the genome), followed by non-LTR retrotransposons, which constituted at least 8.7% of the genome of this species. We introduce an additional analysis to identify the nature of non-annotated elements (19% of the genome). A BLAST search of the non-annotated contigs against the V. speciosa TE database allowed for the identification of almost half of them, which were most likely diverged sequence variants of the annotated TEs. In general, the TE composition in V. speciosa resembles the TE composition in seed plants. In addition, repeat landscapes revealed three episodes of amplification for all TEs, most likely due to demographic changes associated with past climate crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Ruiz-Ruano
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Organismal Biology, Systematic Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Beatriz Navarro-Domínguez
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Juan Pedro M Camacho
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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12
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Baudoin NC, Bloomfield M. Karyotype Aberrations in Action: The Evolution of Cancer Genomes and the Tumor Microenvironment. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:558. [PMID: 33921421 PMCID: PMC8068843 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disease of cellular evolution. For this cellular evolution to take place, a population of cells must contain functional heterogeneity and an assessment of this heterogeneity in the form of natural selection. Cancer cells from advanced malignancies are genomically and functionally very different compared to the healthy cells from which they evolved. Genomic alterations include aneuploidy (numerical and structural changes in chromosome content) and polyploidy (e.g., whole genome doubling), which can have considerable effects on cell physiology and phenotype. Likewise, conditions in the tumor microenvironment are spatially heterogeneous and vastly different than in healthy tissues, resulting in a number of environmental niches that play important roles in driving the evolution of tumor cells. While a number of studies have documented abnormal conditions of the tumor microenvironment and the cellular consequences of aneuploidy and polyploidy, a thorough overview of the interplay between karyotypically abnormal cells and the tissue and tumor microenvironments is not available. Here, we examine the evidence for how this interaction may unfold during tumor evolution. We describe a bidirectional interplay in which aneuploid and polyploid cells alter and shape the microenvironment in which they and their progeny reside; in turn, this microenvironment modulates the rate of genesis for new karyotype aberrations and selects for cells that are most fit under a given condition. We conclude by discussing the importance of this interaction for tumor evolution and the possibility of leveraging our understanding of this interplay for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaas C. Baudoin
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Mathew Bloomfield
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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13
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Bloomfield M, Chen J, Cimini D. Spindle Architectural Features Must Be Considered Along With Cell Size to Explain the Timing of Mitotic Checkpoint Silencing. Front Physiol 2021; 11:596263. [PMID: 33584330 PMCID: PMC7877541 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.596263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitosis proceeds through a defined series of events that is largely conserved, but the amount of time needed for their completion can vary in different cells and organisms. In many systems, mitotic duration depends on the time required to satisfy and silence the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), also known as the mitotic checkpoint. Because SAC silencing involves trafficking SAC molecules among kinetochores, spindle, and cytoplasm, the size and geometry of the spindle relative to cell volume are expected to affect mitotic duration by influencing the timing of SAC silencing. However, the relationship between SAC silencing, cell size, and spindle dimensions is unclear. To investigate this issue, we used four DLD-1 tetraploid (4N) clones characterized by small or large nuclear and cell size. We found that the small 4N clones had longer mitotic durations than the parental DLD-1 cells and that this delay was due to differences in their metaphase duration. Leveraging a previous mathematical model for spatiotemporal regulation of SAC silencing, we show that the difference in metaphase duration, i.e., SAC silencing time, can be explained by the distinct spindle microtubule densities and sizes of the cell, spindle, and spindle poles in the 4N clones. Lastly, we demonstrate that manipulating spindle geometry can alter mitotic and metaphase duration, consistent with a model prediction. Our results suggest that spindle size does not always scale with cell size in mammalian cells and cell size is not sufficient to explain the differences in metaphase duration. Only when a number of spindle architectural features are considered along with cell size can the kinetics of SAC silencing, and hence mitotic duration, in the different clones be explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Bloomfield
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Daniela Cimini
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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14
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Gonda I, Faigenboim A, Adler C, Milavski R, Karp MJ, Shachter A, Ronen G, Baruch K, Chaimovitsh D, Dudai N. The genome sequence of tetraploid sweet basil, Ocimum basilicum L., provides tools for advanced genome editing and molecular breeding. DNA Res 2020; 27:6042144. [PMID: 33340318 PMCID: PMC7758295 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsaa027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweet basil, Ocimum basilicum L., is a well-known culinary herb grown worldwide, but its uses go beyond the kitchen to traditional medicine, cosmetics and gardening. To date, the lack of an available reference genome has limited the utilization of advanced molecular breeding methods. We present a draft version of the sweet basil genome of the cultivar ‘Perrie’, a fresh-cut Genovese-type basil. Genome sequencing showed basil to be a tetraploid organism with a genome size of 2.13 Gbp, assembled in 12,212 scaffolds, with > 90% of the assembly being composed of 107 scaffolds. About 76% of the genome is composed of repetitive elements, with the majority being long-terminal repeats. We constructed and annotated 62,067 protein-coding genes and determined their expression in different plant tissues. We analysed the currently known phenylpropanoid volatiles biosynthesis genes. We demonstrated the necessity of the reference genome for a comprehensive understanding of this important pathway in the context of tetraploidy and gene redundancy. A complete reference genome is essential to overcome this redundancy and to avoid off-targeting when designing a CRISPR: Cas9-based genome editing research. This work bears promise for developing fast and accurate breeding tools to provide better cultivars for farmers and improved products for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itay Gonda
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel
| | - Adi Faigenboim
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel
| | - Chen Adler
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel
| | - Renana Milavski
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel
| | - Merrie-Jean Karp
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel
| | - Alona Shachter
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel
| | - Gil Ronen
- NRGene Ltd, Park HaMada, Ness Ziona, Israel
| | | | - David Chaimovitsh
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel
| | - Nativ Dudai
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel
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15
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Segeren HA, van Rijnberk LM, Moreno E, Riemers FM, van Liere EA, Yuan R, Wubbolts R, de Bruin A, Westendorp B. Excessive E2F Transcription in Single Cancer Cells Precludes Transient Cell-Cycle Exit after DNA Damage. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108449. [PMID: 33264622 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
E2F transcription factors control the expression of cell-cycle genes. Cancers often demonstrate enhanced E2F target gene expression, which can be explained by increased percentages of replicating cells. However, we demonstrate in human cancer biopsy specimens that individual neoplastic cells display abnormally high levels of E2F-dependent transcription. To mimic this situation, we delete the atypical E2F repressors (E2F7/8) or overexpress the E2F3 activator in untransformed cells. Cells with elevated E2F activity during S/G2 phase fail to exit the cell cycle after DNA damage and undergo mitosis. In contrast, wild-type cells complete S phase and then exit the cell cycle by activating the APC/CCdh1 via repression of the E2F target Emi1. Many arrested wild-type cells eventually inactivate APC/CCdh1 to execute a second round of DNA replication and mitosis, thereby becoming tetraploid. Cells with elevated E2F transcription fail to exit the cell cycle after DNA damage, which potentially causes genomic instability, promotes malignant progression, and reduces drug sensitivity.
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16
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Olbrich T, Vega-Sendino M, Murga M, de Carcer G, Malumbres M, Ortega S, Ruiz S, Fernandez-Capetillo O. A Chemical Screen Identifies Compounds Capable of Selecting for Haploidy in Mammalian Cells. Cell Rep 2020; 28:597-604.e4. [PMID: 31315040 PMCID: PMC6656781 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent availability of somatic haploid cell lines has provided a unique tool for genetic studies in mammals. However, the percentage of haploid cells rapidly decreases in these cell lines, which we recently showed is due to their overgrowth by diploid cells present in the cultures. Based on this property, we have now performed a phenotypic chemical screen in human haploid HAP1 cells aiming to identify compounds that facilitate the maintenance of haploid cells. Our top hit was 10-Deacetyl-baccatin-III (DAB), a chemical precursor in the synthesis of Taxol, which selects for haploid cells in HAP1 and mouse haploid embryonic stem cultures. Interestingly, DAB also enriches for diploid cells in mixed cultures of diploid and tetraploid cells, including in the colon cancer cell line DLD-1, revealing a general strategy for selecting cells with lower ploidy in mixed populations of mammalian cells. Mammalian haploid cell cultures become progressively enriched in diploid cells DAB, a precursor of Taxol, facilitates the maintenance of haploidy DAB selects for cells with lower ploidy in mixed cultures of mammalian cells Statins accelerate the gradual loss of haploid cells in culture
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Olbrich
- Genomic Instability Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Maria Vega-Sendino
- Genomic Instability Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Matilde Murga
- Genomic Instability Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Guillermo de Carcer
- Chromosome Dynamics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Marcos Malumbres
- Chromosome Dynamics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Sagrario Ortega
- Transgenics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Sergio Ruiz
- Genomic Instability Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Oscar Fernandez-Capetillo
- Genomic Instability Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain; Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Genome Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden.
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17
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Di Mauro I, Ambrosetti D, Vignot L, Roussel JF, Dadone-Montaudie B, Peyron AC, Quintens H, Durand M, Amiel J, Pedeutour F. Detection of tetraploidization in chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: Insights and pitfalls. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2020; 59:675-687. [PMID: 32658344 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal losses resulting in a marked hypodiploidy are a specificity of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC), the third most frequent type of kidney cancer. Its detection is useful in challenging cases. However some ChRCC, especially the eosinophilic variant, do not exhibit hypodiploidy and deserve to be better explored. Using comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) we observed chromosomal gains in five cases of nonmetastatic ChRCC. Our objective was to determine whether these apparent chromosomal gains were instead losses within a near-polyploid genome. We performed a retrospective and prospective molecular study of 26 cases of ChRCC retrieved among 643 renal tumors (2012-2019). All tumors were analyzed using array-CGH (Agilent) and array-CGH (Affymetrix) coupled to single nucleotide polymorphism analysis (array-SNP). In silico manual centralization of the fluorescence ratio, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and next generation sequencing were made in the five cases suspected of polyploidy. Tetraploidization was observed in 19% of our series of ChRCC. None of the methods used individually could identify both chromosomal losses and tetraploidy. Only the combination of manual recentring of array-CGH and FISH provided relevant results. B-allele frequency results indicated that tetraploidization occurred secondarily to chromosomal losses in four cases while it preceded losses in one case. Tetraploidization is a frequent but underestimated phenomenon in ChRCC that may be overlooked using the individual standard genomic methods. Its potential clinical consequences are not identified yet. Whether the mechanisms that induce chromosomal losses in ChRCC are the same that generate tetraploidization is not known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Di Mauro
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Damien Ambrosetti
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
- Central Laboratory of Pathology, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Louis Vignot
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | | | - Bérengère Dadone-Montaudie
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
- Central Laboratory of Pathology, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Annie-Claude Peyron
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Hervé Quintens
- Department of Urology, Princess Grace Hospital, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Matthieu Durand
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Jean Amiel
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Florence Pedeutour
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
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18
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Galofré C, Gönül Geyik Ö, Asensio E, Wangsa D, Hirsch D, Parra C, Saez J, Mollà M, Yüce Z, Castells A, Ried T, Camps J. Tetraploidy-Associated Genetic Heterogeneity Confers Chemo-Radiotherapy Resistance to Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051118. [PMID: 32365785 PMCID: PMC7281619 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraploidy, or whole-genome duplication, is a common phenomenon in cancer and preludes chromosome instability, which strongly correlates with disease progression, metastasis, and treatment failure. Therefore, it is reasonable to hypothesize that tetraploidization confers multidrug resistance. Nevertheless, the contribution of whole-genome duplication to chemo-radiotherapy resistance remains unclear. Here, using isogenic diploid and near-tetraploid clones from three colorectal cancer cell lines and one non-transformed human epithelial cell line, we show a consistent growth impairment but a divergent tumorigenic potential of near-tetraploid cells. Next, we assessed the effects of first-line chemotherapeutic drugs, other commonly used agents and ionizing radiation, and found that whole-genome duplication promoted increased chemotherapy resistance and also conferred protection against irradiation. When testing the activation of apoptosis, we observed that tetraploid cells were less prone to caspase 3 activation after treatment with first-line chemotherapeutic agents. Furthermore, we found that pre-treatment with ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) inhibitors, which targets response to replication stress, significantly enhanced the sensitivity of tetraploid cells to first-line chemotherapeutic agents as well as to ionizing radiation. Our findings provide further insight into how tetraploidy results in greater levels of tolerance to chemo-radiotherapeutic agents and, moreover, we show that ATR inhibitors can sensitize near-tetraploid cells to commonly used chemo-radiotherapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Galofré
- Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology Team, Institut D’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.G.); (E.A.); (C.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Öykü Gönül Geyik
- Section for Cancer Genomics, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (Ö.G.G.); (D.W.); (D.H.)
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35330 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Elena Asensio
- Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology Team, Institut D’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.G.); (E.A.); (C.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Darawalee Wangsa
- Section for Cancer Genomics, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (Ö.G.G.); (D.W.); (D.H.)
| | - Daniela Hirsch
- Section for Cancer Genomics, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (Ö.G.G.); (D.W.); (D.H.)
| | - Carolina Parra
- Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology Team, Institut D’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.G.); (E.A.); (C.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Jordi Saez
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Meritxell Mollà
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Zeynep Yüce
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35330 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Antoni Castells
- Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology Team, Institut D’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.G.); (E.A.); (C.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Thomas Ried
- Section for Cancer Genomics, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (Ö.G.G.); (D.W.); (D.H.)
- Correspondence: (T.R.); (J.C.)
| | - Jordi Camps
- Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology Team, Institut D’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.G.); (E.A.); (C.P.); (A.C.)
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular i Genètica Mèdica, Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Correspondence: (T.R.); (J.C.)
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19
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Baudoin NC, Nicholson JM, Soto K, Martin O, Chen J, Cimini D. Asymmetric clustering of centrosomes defines the early evolution of tetraploid cells. eLife 2020; 9:54565. [PMID: 32347795 PMCID: PMC7250578 DOI: 10.7554/elife.54565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraploidy has long been of interest to both cell and cancer biologists, partly because of its documented role in tumorigenesis. A common model proposes that the extra centrosomes that are typically acquired during tetraploidization are responsible for driving tumorigenesis. However, tetraploid cells evolved in culture have been shown to lack extra centrosomes. This observation raises questions about how tetraploid cells evolve and more specifically about the mechanisms(s) underlying centrosome loss. Here, using a combination of fixed cell analysis, live cell imaging, and mathematical modeling, we show that populations of newly formed tetraploid cells rapidly evolve in vitro to retain a near-tetraploid chromosome number while losing the extra centrosomes gained at the time of tetraploidization. This appears to happen through a process of natural selection in which tetraploid cells that inherit a single centrosome during a bipolar division with asymmetric centrosome clustering are favored for long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaas C Baudoin
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, United States
| | - Joshua M Nicholson
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, United States
| | - Kimberly Soto
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, United States
| | - Olga Martin
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, United States
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, United States
| | - Daniela Cimini
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, United States
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20
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Mahadevan D, Rogers GC. Janus Face of Drug-Induced Tetraploidy in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Trends Cancer 2020; 6:627-30. [PMID: 32291237 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Anticancer agents often cause drug-induced tetraploidy (DIT) in cancer cells. DIT is not only a mechanism of inherited drug resistance, but proliferating DIT cells can produce progeny with increased ploidy or aneuploid genomes that drive aggressive disease. Here, we explore combinatorial therapeutic strategies for either preventing or eliminating DIT cells.
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21
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Mo L, Chen J, Lou X, Xu Q, Dong R, Tong Z, Huang H, Lin E. Colchicine-Induced Polyploidy in Rhododendron fortunei Lindl. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E424. [PMID: 32244298 PMCID: PMC7238126 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyploidy in Rhododendron fortunei has great potential to improve its horticultural and commercial value, and to also meet market demands. In this study, a feasible method for polyploid induction in R. fortunei via colchicine treatment was established, and the obtained polyploid plants were identified and characterized. As a result, the stem bases of tissue-cultured plantlets treated with 0.1% colchicine for 24 h showed the highest polyploid induction with a rate of 36.67%. By flow cytometric analysis, 69 tetraploids and 29 octoploids were identified in the regenerated plants that were examined. Phenotypic analysis indicated that the leaves of tetraploid and octoploid plants were smaller, rounder and thicker with more abundant and longer epidermal hairs than those of diploids. Furthermore, the stomata of polyploids were larger and sparser than those of diploids. An increase in chlorophyll content was also detected in polyploids, which resulted in darker green leaves. In conclusion, our study established an effective method to induce polyploidy in R. fortunei, which could be used to develop new genetic resources for breeding R. fortunei and other Rhododendron species in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiongzhen Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiangwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Renhui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zaikang Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huahong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Erpei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
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22
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Fraschini R. Cytokinesis in Eukaryotic Cells: The Furrow Complexity at a Glance. Cells 2020; 9:E271. [PMID: 31979090 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The duplication cycle is the fascinating process that, starting from a cell, results in the formation of two daughter cells and it is essential for life. Cytokinesis is the final step of the cell cycle, it is a very complex phase, and is a concert of forces, remodeling, trafficking, and cell signaling. All of the steps of cell division must be properly coordinated with each other to faithfully segregate the genetic material and this task is fundamental for generating viable cells. Given the importance of this process, molecular pathways and proteins that are involved in cytokinesis are conserved from yeast to humans. In this review, we describe symmetric and asymmetric cell division in animal cell and in a model organism, budding yeast. In addition, we illustrate the surveillance mechanisms that ensure a proper cell division and discuss the connections with normal cell proliferation and organs development and with the occurrence of human diseases.
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23
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Garcia EB, Alms C, Hinman AW, Kelly C, Smith A, Vance M, Loncarek J, Marr LC, Cimini D. Single-Cell Analysis Reveals that Chronic Silver Nanoparticle Exposure Induces Cell Division Defects in Human Epithelial Cells. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E2061. [PMID: 31212667 PMCID: PMC6603987 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16112061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multiple organizations have urged a paradigm shift from traditional, whole animal, chemical safety testing to alternative methods. Although these forward-looking methods exist for risk assessment and predication, animal testing is still the preferred method and will remain so until more robust cellular and computational methods are established. To meet this need, we aimed to develop a new, cell division-focused approach based on the idea that defective cell division may be a better predictor of risk than traditional measurements. To develop such an approach, we investigated the toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on human epithelial cells. AgNPs are the type of nanoparticle most widely employed in consumer and medical products, yet toxicity reports are still confounding. Cells were exposed to a range of AgNP doses for both short- and-long term exposure times. The analysis of treated cell populations identified an effect on cell division and the emergence of abnormal nuclear morphologies, including micronuclei and binucleated cells. Overall, our results indicate that AgNPs impair cell division, not only further confirming toxicity to human cells, but also highlighting the propagation of adverse phenotypes within the cell population. Furthermore, this work illustrates that cell division-based analysis will be an important addition to future toxicology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen B Garcia
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Cynthia Alms
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Albert W Hinman
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Conor Kelly
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Adam Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Marina Vance
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Jadranka Loncarek
- Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Linsey C Marr
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Daniela Cimini
- Department of Biological Sciences and Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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24
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Tanaka K, Goto H, Nishimura Y, Kasahara K, Mizoguchi A, Inagaki M. Tetraploidy in cancer and its possible link to aging. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:2632-2640. [PMID: 29949679 PMCID: PMC6125447 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraploidy, a condition in which a cell has four homologous sets of chromosomes, is often seen as a natural physiological condition but is also frequently seen in pathophysiological conditions such as cancer. Tetraploidy facilitates chromosomal instability (CIN), which is an elevated level of chromosomal loss and gain that can cause production of a wide variety of aneuploid cells that carry structural and numerical aberrations of chromosomes. The resultant genomic heterogeneity supposedly expedites karyotypic evolution that confers oncogenic potential in spite of the reduced cellular fitness caused by aneuploidy. Recent studies suggest that tetraploidy might also be associated with aging; mice with mutations in an intermediate filament protein have revealed that these tetraploidy‐prone mice exhibit tissue disorders associated with aging. Cellular senescence and its accompanying senescence‐associated secretory phenotype have now emerged as critical factors that link tetraploidy and tetraploidy‐induced CIN with cancer, and possibly with aging. Here, we review recent findings about how tetraploidy is related to cancer and possibly to aging, and discuss underlying mechanisms of the relationship, as well as how we can exploit the properties of cells exhibiting tetraploidy‐induced CIN to control these pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kozo Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Goto
- Department of Neural Regeneration and Cell Communication, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yuhei Nishimura
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Kousuke Kasahara
- Department of Physiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Akira Mizoguchi
- Department of Neural Regeneration and Cell Communication, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Masaki Inagaki
- Department of Physiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
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25
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Thomas R, Marks DH, Chin Y, Benezra R. Whole chromosome loss and associated breakage-fusion-bridge cycles transform mouse tetraploid cells. EMBO J 2017; 37:201-218. [PMID: 29196303 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole chromosome gains or losses (aneuploidy) are a hallmark of ~70% of human tumors. Modeling the consequences of aneuploidy has relied on perturbing spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) components, but interpretations of these experiments are clouded by the multiple functions of these proteins. Here, we used a Cre recombinase-mediated chromosome loss strategy to individually delete mouse chromosomes 9, 10, 12, or 14 in tetraploid immortalized murine embryonic fibroblasts. This methodology also involves the generation of a dicentric chromosome intermediate, which subsequently undergoes a series of breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycles. While the aneuploid cells generally display a growth disadvantage in vitro, they grow significantly better in low adherence sphere-forming conditions and three of the four lines are transformed in vivo, forming large and invasive tumors in immunocompromised mice. The aneuploid cells display increased chromosomal instability and DNA damage, a mutator phenotype associated with tumorigenesis in vivo Thus, these studies demonstrate a causative role for whole chromosome loss and the associated BFB-mediated instability in tumorigenesis and may shed light on the early consequences of aneuploidy in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozario Thomas
- BCMB Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences (WCGSMS), New York, NY, USA.,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Henry Marks
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - Yvette Chin
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Benezra
- BCMB Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences (WCGSMS), New York, NY, USA .,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
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26
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Kjeldsen E. Telomere Shortening in Hematological Malignancies with Tetraploidization-A Mechanism for Chromosomal Instability? Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9120165. [PMID: 29189717 PMCID: PMC5742813 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9120165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aneuploidy, the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell, is one of the most obvious differences between normal and cancer cells. There is, however, debate on how aneuploid cells arise and whether or not they are a cause or a consequence of tumorigenesis. Further, it is important to distinguish aneuploidy (the “state” of the karyotype) from chromosomal instability (CIN; the “rate” of karyotypic change). Although CIN leads to aneuploidy, not all aneuploid cells exhibit CIN. One proposed route to aneuploid cells is through an unstable tetraploid intermediate because tetraploidy promotes chromosomal aberrations and tumorigenesis. Tetraploidy or near-tetraploidy (T/NT) (81–103 chromosomes) karyotypes with or without additional structural abnormalities have been reported in acute leukemia, T-cell and B-cell lymphomas, and solid tumors. In solid tumors it has been shown that tetraploidization can occur in response to loss of telomere protection in the early stages of tumorigenesis in colon cancer, Barrett’s esophagus, and breast and cervical cancers. In hematological malignancies T/NT karyotypes are rare and the role of telomere dysfunction for the induction of tetraploidization is less well characterized. To further our understanding of possible telomere dysfunction as a mechanism for tetrapolydization in hematological cancers we here characterized the chromosomal complement and measured the telomere content by interphase nuclei quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (iQFISH) in seven hematological cancer patients with T/NT karyotypes, and after cytogenetic remission. The patients were identified after a search in our local cytogenetic registry in the 5-year period between June 2012 and May 2017 among more than 12,000 analyzed adult patients in this period. One advantage of measuring telomere content by iQFISH is that it is a single-cell analysis so that the telomere content can be distinguished between normal karyotype cells and cells with T/NT karyotypes. We find that the telomeres are particularly short in cells with T/NT karyotypes as compared with normal cells, and in T/NT karyotypes harboring additional chromosomal aberrations as well. These findings suggest that telomere dysfunction in hematological malignancies may be a mechanism for tetraploidization and CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eigil Kjeldsen
- Cancercytogenetic Section, HemoDiagnostic Laboratory, Department of Hematology, Aarhus University Hospital, Tage-Hansens Gade 2, Ent. 4A, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, ; Tel.: +45-7846-7799; Fax: +45-7846-7399.
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27
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Abstract
Recent findings from a prospective clinical study involving multiregion whole-exome sequencing suggest that driver mutations in cancer-relevant genes including EGFR and TP53 are often clonal and precede whole-genome duplication events in early lung carcinogenesis. This paves an expressway to extensive subclonal diversification, elevated intratumoral heterogeneity, and dismal disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, 75006 Paris, France.
| | - Ilio Vitale
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', 00173 Rome, Italy; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.
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28
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Balachandran RS, Kipreos ET. Addressing a weakness of anticancer therapy with mitosis inhibitors: Mitotic slippage. Mol Cell Oncol 2017; 4:e1277293. [PMID: 28401182 PMCID: PMC5383364 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2016.1277293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitosis inhibitors, which include antimicrotubule drugs, are chemotherapy agents that induce the arrest and apoptosis of mitotic cells. Mitotic slippage, in which mitotically arrested cells exit mitosis, limits the effectiveness of mitosis inhibitors. We have discovered that the CRL2ZYG11A/B ubiquitin ligase promotes mitotic slippage. The combination of antimicrotubule drugs and a CRL2ZYG11A/B inhibitor prevents mitotic slippage to increase antimitotic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward T Kipreos
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia , Athens, GA, USA
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29
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De Santis Puzzonia M, Gonzalez L, Ascenzi S, Cundari E, Degrassi F. Tetraploid cells produced by absence of substrate adhesion during cytokinesis are limited in their proliferation and enter senescence after DNA replication. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:274-82. [PMID: 26693937 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1127469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraploidy has been proposed as an intermediate state in neoplastic transformation due to the intrinsic chromosome instability of tetraploid cells. Despite the identification of p53 as a major factor in growth arrest of tetraploid cells, it is still unclear whether the p53-dependent mechanism for proliferation restriction is intrinsic to the tetraploid status or dependent on the origin of tetraploidy. Substrate adherence is fundamental for cytokinesis completion in adherent untransformed cells. Here we show that untransformed fibroblast cells undergoing mitosis in suspension produce binucleated tetraploid cells due to defective cleavage furrow constriction that leads to incomplete cell abscission. Binucleated cells obtained after loss of substrate adhesion maintain an inactive p53 status and are able to progress into G1 and S phase. However, binucleated cells arrest in G2, accumulate p53 and are not able to enter mitosis as no tetraploid metaphases were recorded after one cell cycle time. In contrast, tetraploid metaphases were found following pharmacological inhibition of Chk1 kinase, suggesting the involvement of the ATR/Chk1 pathway in the G2 arrest of binucleated cells. Interestingly, after persistence in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, a large fraction of binucleated cells become senescent. These findings identify a new pathway of proliferation restriction for tetraploid untransformed cells that seems to be specific for loss of adhesion-dependent cytokinesis failure. This involves Chk1 and p53 activation during G2. Inhibition of growth and entrance into senescence after cytokinesis in suspension may represent an important mechanism to control tumor growth. In fact, anchorage independent growth is a hallmark of cancer and it has been demonstrated that binucleated transformed cells can enter a cycle of anchorage independent growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco De Santis Puzzonia
- a Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR National Research Council , Rome , Italy.,b Sapienza University , Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology , Rome , Italy
| | - Laetitia Gonzalez
- c Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laboratory of Cell Genetics , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Sonia Ascenzi
- a Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR National Research Council , Rome , Italy
| | - Enrico Cundari
- a Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR National Research Council , Rome , Italy
| | - Francesca Degrassi
- a Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR National Research Council , Rome , Italy
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30
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Kuznetsova AY, Seget K, Moeller GK, de Pagter MS, de Roos JADM, Dürrbaum M, Kuffer C, Müller S, Zaman GJR, Kloosterman WP, Storchová Z. Chromosomal instability, tolerance of mitotic errors and multidrug resistance are promoted by tetraploidization in human cells. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:2810-20. [PMID: 26151317 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1068482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to 80% of human cancers, in particular solid tumors, contain cells with abnormal chromosomal numbers, or aneuploidy, which is often linked with marked chromosomal instability. Whereas in some tumors the aneuploidy occurs by missegregation of one or a few chromosomes, aneuploidy can also arise during proliferation of inherently unstable tetraploid cells generated by whole genome doubling from diploid cells. Recent findings from cancer genome sequencing projects suggest that nearly 40% of tumors underwent whole genome doubling at some point of tumorigenesis, yet its contribution to cancer phenotypes and benefits for malignant growth remain unclear. Here, we investigated the consequences of a whole genome doubling in both cancerous and non-transformed p53 positive human cells. SNP array analysis and multicolor karyotyping revealed that induced whole-genome doubling led to variable aneuploidy. We found that chromosomal instability (CIN) is a frequent, but not a default outcome of whole genome doubling. The CIN phenotypes were accompanied by increased tolerance to mitotic errors that was mediated by suppression of the p53 signaling. Additionally, the expression of pro-apoptotic factors, such as iASPP and cIAP2, was downregulated. Furthermore, we found that whole genome doubling promotes resistance to a broad spectrum of chemotherapeutic drugs and stimulates anchorage-independent growth even in non-transformed p53-positive human cells. Taken together, whole genome doubling provides multifaceted benefits for malignant growth. Our findings provide new insight why genome-doubling promotes tumorigenesis and correlates with poor survival in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Y Kuznetsova
- a Group Maintenance of Genome Stability ; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry ; Martinsried , Germany
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31
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Wada Y, Kakiuchi S, Mizuguchi K, Nakamura T, Ito Y, Sago H, Kosaki R. A female newborn having mosaicism with near- tetraploidy and trisomy 18. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170A:1262-7. [PMID: 26789424 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Tetraploidy is characterized by the presence of four complete sets of chromosomes in an individual. Full tetraploidy is usually considered lethal. To date, only ten live-births with the condition have been reported. Trisomy 18 without neonatal intensive treatment is also known to be fatal. We report a female newborn who had mosaicism with near-tetraploidy and trisomy 18 (94,XXXX,+18,+18/47,XX,+18). She had features of conditions. The most plausible mechanism of the formation was a failure of cytoplasmic cleavage at the first division of the zygote. The longer survival of the patient compared with the 10 previously reported live-births with non-mosaic tetraploidy may be due to the dominance of the trisomy cells. We suggest that non-tetraploid cells, even when trisomic for chromosome 18, might contribute to longer survival in comparison to non-mosaic tetrapolid patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Wada
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Koichi Mizuguchi
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of General Pediatrics and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoo Nakamura
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of General Pediatrics and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yushi Ito
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Sago
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rika Kosaki
- Division of Advanced Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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32
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Narukawa H, Yokoyama R, Nishitani K. Possible pathways linking ploidy level to cell elongation and cuticular function in hypocotyls of dark-grown Arabidopsis seedlings. Plant Signal Behav 2016; 11:e1118597. [PMID: 26618780 PMCID: PMC4883887 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2015.1118597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying correlations between ploidy level and cell size in eukaryotes remain unclear. Recently, we showed that cell length was higher in tetraploid than in diploid dark-grown Arabidopsis hypocotyls. Cuticular function was aberrant, and expression of genes of cuticle formation was reduced. Here, the links between cell elongation, cuticular function, and ploidy level in the etiolated hypocotyl were examined. Seedlings defective in cuticle formation exhibited shorter hypocotyls. This was due to inhibition of cell elongation rather than cell proliferation, indicating that the reduced cuticular function was a consequence of tetraploidy-induced cell elongation rather than its cause. Inhibition of hypocotyl elongation by impaired cuticles was lower in tetraploid than diploid, indicating that tetraploid hypocotyls were less sensitive to cuticular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Narukawa
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Wall Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Wall Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nishitani
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Wall Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Nielsen HM, How-Kit A, Guerin C, Castinetti F, Vollan HKM, De Micco C, Daunay A, Taieb D, Van Loo P, Besse C, Kristensen VN, Hansen LL, Barlier A, Sebag F, Tost J. Copy number variations alter methylation and parallel IGF2 overexpression in adrenal tumors. Endocr Relat Cancer 2015; 22:953-67. [PMID: 26400872 PMCID: PMC4621769 DOI: 10.1530/erc-15-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of insulin growth factor 2 (IGF2) is a hallmark of adrenocortical carcinomas and pheochromocytomas. Previous studies investigating the IGF2/H19 locus have mainly focused on a single molecular level such as genomic alterations or altered DNA methylation levels and the causal changes underlying IGF2 overexpression are still not fully established. In the current study, we analyzed 62 tumors of the adrenal gland from patients with Conn's adenoma (CA, n=12), pheochromocytomas (PCC, n=10), adrenocortical benign tumors (ACBT, n=20), and adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC, n=20). Gene expression, somatic copy number variation of chr11p15.5, and DNA methylation status of three differential methylated regions of the IGF2/H19 locus including the H19 imprinting control region were integratively analyzed. IGF2 overexpression was found in 85% of the ACCs and 100% of the PCCs compared to 23% observed in CAs and ACBTs. Copy number aberrations of chr11p15.5 were abundant in both PCCs and ACCs but while PCCs retained a diploid state, ACCs were frequently tetraploid (7/19). Loss of either a single allele or loss of two alleles of the same parental origin in tetraploid samples resulted in a uniparental disomy-like genotype. These copy number changes correlated with hypermethylation of the H19 ICR suggesting that the lost alleles were the unmethylated maternal alleles. Our data provide conclusive evidence that loss of the maternal allele correlates with IGF2 overexpression in adrenal tumors and that hypermethylation of the H19 ICR is a consequence thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Myrtue Nielsen
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty
| | - Alexandre How-Kit
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France
| | - Carole Guerin
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France
| | - Frederic Castinetti
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France
| | - Hans Kristian Moen Vollan
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty
| | - Catherine De Micco
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France
| | - Antoine Daunay
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France
| | - David Taieb
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France
| | - Peter Van Loo
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty
| | - Celine Besse
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty
| | - Lise Lotte Hansen
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France
| | - Anne Barlier
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France
| | - Frederic Sebag
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France
| | - Jörg Tost
- Laboratory for Functional GenomicsFondation Jean Dausset - Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, FranceInstitute of BiomedicineAarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkEndocrine and Metabolic Surgery DepartmentAP-HM La Conception, Marseille, FranceDepartment of EndocrinologyAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceDepartment of GeneticsInstitute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, NorwayDivision of SurgeryTransplantation and Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayThe K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer ResearchInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPathology DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceNuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment DepartmentAP-HM La Timone, Marseille, FranceCancer Research UKLondon Research Institute, London, UKDepartment of Human GeneticsUniversity of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGenotyping FacilitiesCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, FranceDepartment of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen)University of Oslo, Ahus, Lokerod, NorwayLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAP-HM La Conception and CRN2M, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, FranceLaboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France
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Heier J, Takle KA, Hasley AO, Pelegri F. Ploidy manipulation and induction of alternate cleavage patterns through inhibition of centrosome duplication in the early zebrafish embryo. Dev Dyn 2015; 244:1300-12. [PMID: 26249657 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole genome duplication is a useful genetic tool because it allows immediate and complete genetic homozygosity in gynogenetic offspring. A whole genome duplication method in zebrafish, Heat Shock, involves a heat pulse in the period 13-15 min postfertilization (mpf) to inhibit cytokinesis of the first mitotic cycle. However, Heat Shock produces a relatively low yield of gynogenotes. RESULTS A heat pulse at a later time point during the first cell cycle (22 mpf, HS2) results in a high (>80%) frequency of embryos exhibiting a precise one-cell division stall during the second cell cycle, inducing whole genome duplication. Coupled with haploid production, HS2 generates viable gynogenetic diploids with yields up to 4 times higher than those achieved through standard Heat Shock. The cell cycle delay also causes blastomere cleavage pattern variations, supporting a role for cytokinesis in spindle orientation during the following cell cycle. CONCLUSIONS Our studies provide a new tool for whole genome duplication, induced gynogenesis, and cleavage pattern alteration in zebrafish, based on a time period before the initiation of cell division that is sensitive to temperature-mediated interference with centrosome duplication. Targeting of this period may also facilitate genetic and developmental manipulations in other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon Heier
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 425-G Henry Mall, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kendra A Takle
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 425-G Henry Mall, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Andrew O Hasley
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 425-G Henry Mall, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Francisco Pelegri
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 425-G Henry Mall, Madison, Wisconsin
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Lazebnik
- a Yale Cardiovascular Research Center; New Haven, CT USA
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Tanaka H, Goto H, Inoko A, Makihara H, Enomoto A, Horimoto K, Matsuyama M, Kurita K, Izawa I, Inagaki M. Cytokinetic Failure-induced Tetraploidy Develops into Aneuploidy, Triggering Skin Aging in Phosphovimentin-deficient Mice. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:12984-98. [PMID: 25847236 PMCID: PMC4505553 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.633891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetraploidy, a state in which cells have doubled chromosomal sets, is observed in ∼20% of solid tumors and is considered to frequently precede aneuploidy in carcinogenesis. Tetraploidy is also detected during terminal differentiation and represents a hallmark of aging. Most tetraploid cultured cells are arrested by p53 stabilization. However, the fate of tetraploid cells in vivo remains largely unknown. Here, we analyze the ability to repair wounds in the skin of phosphovimentin-deficient (VIMSA/SA) mice. Early into wound healing, subcutaneous fibroblasts failed to undergo cytokinesis, resulting in binucleate tetraploidy. Accordingly, the mRNA level of p21 (a p53-responsive gene) was elevated in a VIMSA/SA-specific manner. Disappearance of tetraploidy coincided with an increase in aneuploidy. Thereafter, senescence-related markers were significantly elevated in VIMSA/SA mice. Because our tetraploidy-prone mouse model also exhibited subcutaneous fat loss at the age of 14 months, another premature aging phenotype, our data suggest that following cytokinetic failure, a subset of tetraploid cells enters a new cell cycle and develops into aneuploid cells in vivo, which promote premature aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tanaka
- From the Division of Biochemistry, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya 464-8681
| | - Hidemasa Goto
- From the Division of Biochemistry, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya 464-8681, the Departments of Cellular Oncology and
| | - Akihito Inoko
- From the Division of Biochemistry, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya 464-8681
| | - Hiroyuki Makihara
- From the Division of Biochemistry, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya 464-8681, the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya 466-8550, and
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550
| | - Katsuhisa Horimoto
- the Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Makoto Matsuyama
- From the Division of Biochemistry, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya 464-8681
| | - Kenichi Kurita
- the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya 466-8550, and
| | - Ichiro Izawa
- From the Division of Biochemistry, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya 464-8681
| | - Masaki Inagaki
- From the Division of Biochemistry, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya 464-8681, the Departments of Cellular Oncology and
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Pan TL, Hsu SY, Wang PW, Cheng YT, Chang YC, Saha S, Hu J, Ouyang P. FLJ25439, a novel cytokinesis-associated protein, induces tetraploidization and maintains chromosomal stability via enhancing expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress chaperones. Cell Cycle 2015; 14:1174-87. [PMID: 25751302 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1010906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigation of the mechanisms leading to aneuploidy and polyploidy is critical to cancer research. Previous studies have provided strong evidence of the importance of tetraploidization as an early step in tumorigenesis. In cancer cells, tetraploid cells may contribute to abnormal mitotic progression, which may be associated with cytokinesis failure. Tetraploidy leads to genomic instability due to centrosome and chromosome over-replication. Until now, the mechanism by which cells maintain tetraploid status has been unknown. Here, we identified a novel D box-containing protein, FLJ25439, which displays a dynamic expression profile during mitosis/cytokinesis with the midbody as the most prominent associated structure. To understand the function of FLJ25439, we established stable cell lines overexpressing FLJ25439. FLJ25439-overexpression cells grew slower and displayed a tetraploid DNA content in comparison with diploid parental cells. They also showed aberrant mitosis and dysregulated expression of p53, pRb and p21, suggesting a defect in cell cycle progression. To explore the molecular mechanisms responsible for FLJ25439-induced tetraploidization, we conducted a comparative analysis of the global protein expression patterns of wild type and overexpressors using proteomics and bioinformatics approaches. Protein category profiling indicated that FLJ25439 is involved in pathways related to anti-apoptosis, protein folding, the cell cycle, and cytoskeleton regulation. Specifically, genotoxic-stress- and ER stress-related chaperone proteins greatly contributed to the FLJ25439 overexpression phenotypes. The results of this study pave the way to our further understanding of the role of this novel cytokinesis-related protein in protecting cells from environmental stress and tetraploid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Long Pan
- a School of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chang Gung University ; Taoyuan , Taiwan
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Abstract
There are three major immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes in salmonid fish: IgM, IgD and IgT, defined by the heavy chains μ, δ and τ, respectively. As a result of whole genome duplication in the ancestor of the salmonid fish family, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) possess two highly similar Ig heavy chain gene complexes (A and B), comprising two μ genes, two δ genes, three intact τ genes and five τ pseudogenes. The μA and μB genes correspond to two distinct sub-populations of serum IgM. The IgM-B sub-variant has a characteristic extra cysteine near the C-terminal part of the heavy chain and exhibits a higher degree of polymer disulfide cross-linking compared to IgM-A. The IgM-B:IgM-A ratio in serum is typically 60:40, but skewed ratios are also observed. The IgT isotype appears to be specialized to mucosal immune responses in salmonid fish. The concentration of IgT in serum is 100 to 1000 times lower than IgM. Secreted forms of IgD have been detected in rainbow trout, but not yet in Atlantic salmon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivar Hordvik
- Department of Biology (BIO), High Technology Center, University of Bergen, Bergen N-5020, Norway.
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Martin KJ, Holland PWH. Enigmatic orthology relationships between Hox clusters of the African butterfly fish and other teleosts following ancient whole-genome duplication. Mol Biol Evol 2014; 31:2592-611. [PMID: 24974377 PMCID: PMC4166920 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msu202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous ancient whole-genome duplications (WGD) have occurred during eukaryote evolution. In vertebrates, duplicated developmental genes and their functional divergence have had important consequences for morphological evolution. Although two vertebrate WGD events (1R/2R) occurred over 525 Ma, we have focused on the more recent 3R or TGD (teleost genome duplication) event which occurred approximately 350 Ma in a common ancestor of over 26,000 species of teleost fishes. Through a combination of whole genome and bacterial artificial chromosome clone sequencing we characterized all Hox gene clusters of Pantodon buchholzi, a member of the early branching teleost subdivision Osteoglossomorpha. We find 45 Hox genes organized in only five clusters indicating that Pantodon has suffered more Hox cluster loss than other known species. Despite strong evidence for homology of the five Pantodon clusters to the four canonical pre-TGD vertebrate clusters (one HoxA, two HoxB, one HoxC, and one HoxD), we were unable to confidently resolve 1:1 orthology relationships between four of the Pantodon clusters and the eight post-TGD clusters of other teleosts. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that many Pantodon genes segregate outside the conventional "a" and "b" post-TGD orthology groups, that extensive topological incongruence exists between genes physically linked on a single cluster, and that signal divergence causes ambivalence in assigning 1:1 orthology in concatenated Hox cluster analyses. Out of several possible explanations for this phenomenon we favor a model which keeps with the prevailing view of a single TGD prior to teleost radiation, but which also considers the timing of diploidization after duplication, relative to speciation events. We suggest that although the duplicated hoxa clusters diploidized prior to divergence of osteoglossomorphs, the duplicated hoxb, hoxc, and hoxd clusters concluded diploidization independently in osteoglossomorphs and other teleosts. We use the term "tetralogy" to describe the homology relationship which exists between duplicated sequences which originate through a shared WGD, but which diploidize into distinct paralogs from a common allelic pool independently in two lineages following speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J Martin
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Wiehle M, Prinz K, Kehlenbeck K, Goenster S, Mohamed SA, Finkeldey R, Buerkert A, Gebauer J. The African baobab (Adansonia digitata, Malvaceae): genetic resources in neglected populations of the Nuba Mountains, Sudan. Am J Bot 2014; 101:1498-1507. [PMID: 25253710 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1400198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED • PREMISE OF THE STUDY Adansonia digitata L. is one of the most important indigenous fruit trees of mainland Africa. Despite its significance for subsistence and income generation of local communities, little is known about the genetic and morphological variability of East African populations of A. digitata, including those of Sudan. The aim of the current study, therefore, was to analyze genetic and morphological variability of different baobab populations in Kordofan, Sudan and to estimate the effect of human intervention on genetic differentiation and diversity.• METHODS A total of 306 trees were randomly sampled from seven spatially separated locations in the Nuba Mountains, Sudan, to cover a wide range of differing environmental gradients and management regimes ('homesteads' and 'wild'). Genetic analyses were conducted using nine microsatellite markers. Because of the tetraploid nature of A. digitata, different approaches were applied to estimate patterns of genetic diversity. Investigations were completed by measurements of dendrometric and fruit morphological characters.• KEY RESULTS Genetic diversity was balanced and did not differ between locations or management regimes, although tendencies of higher diversity in 'homesteads' were observed. A Bayesian cluster approach detected two distinct gene pools in the sample set, mainly caused by one highly diverse population close to a main road. The variability of tree characters and fruit morphometries was high, and significantly different between locations.• CONCLUSIONS Results indicated a rather positive effect with human intervention. The observed populations provide a promising gene pool and likely comprise ecotypes well-adapted to environmental conditions at the northern distribution range of the species, which should be considered in conservation and management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wiehle
- Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics (OPATS), University of Kassel, Steinstraße 19, D-37213 Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Kathleen Prinz
- Institute of Systematic Botany with Herbarium Haussknecht and Botanical Garden, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Katja Kehlenbeck
- Tree Diversity, Domestication and Delivery, World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), United Nations Avenue, Gigiri, P.O. Box 30677 00100 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sven Goenster
- Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics (OPATS), University of Kassel, Steinstraße 19, D-37213 Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Seifeldin Ali Mohamed
- Department of Horticulture, University of Khartoum, P.O. Box 321, Shambat, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Reiner Finkeldey
- Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Buesgenweg 2, D-37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Buerkert
- Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics (OPATS), University of Kassel, Steinstraße 19, D-37213 Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Jens Gebauer
- Sustainable Agricultural Production Systems with Special Focus on Horticulture, Faculty of Life Sciences, Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Marie-Curie-Straße 1, D-47533 Kleve, Germany
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Gao JY, Liu Q, Li QJ. The comparative reproductive biology of a tetraploid species, Hedychium villosum, and its diploid progenitor H. tenuiflorum (Zingiberaceae). Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2014; 16:683-689. [PMID: 23957369 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary advantages of polyploidy may result from a number of changes in floral traits and breeding system, which may enable polyploids to exploit new habitats and become widespread. In this study, we comparatively investigated the floral biology of the tetraploid species Hedychium villosum and its diploid progenitor H. tenuiflorum, to assess reproductive divergence between the two species. The results showed that flowers of the tetraploid species last longer and produce more nectar than did diploid species. The flowering times of the two species did not overlap at all. Observations of floral visitors in natural populations demonstrated that butterflies and hawkmoths were effective pollinators of both species, but there was a significant difference in butterfly and hawkmoth assemblages between the two species. The hand-pollination experiments and pollen tube growth experiments suggested that diploid H. tenuiflorum was self-incompatible, while tetraploid H. villosum was completely self-compatible. H. villosum has a much wider distribution range and occupies more diverse habitats than H. tenuiflorum. Polyploidisation may enable tetraploid H. villosum to exploit new habitats previously unavailable to diploid H. tenuiflorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
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Zhang Q, Folta KM, Davis TM. Somatic embryogenesis, tetraploidy, and variant leaf morphology in transgenic diploid strawberry (Fragaria vesca subspecies vesca 'Hawaii 4'). BMC Plant Biol 2014; 14:23. [PMID: 24418064 PMCID: PMC3898059 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diploid (2n = 2x = 14) strawberry model plant Fragaria vesca ssp. vesca 'Hawaii 4' was employed for functional analysis of expressed DNA sequences initially identified as being unique to Fragaria and of unknown or poorly understood function. 'Hawaii 4' is prominent in strawberry research due to its ease of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and regenerability, and its status as the source of the first complete strawberry genomic sequence. Our studies of a set of transformants have documented intriguing, construct-associated effects on leaf morphology, and provide important and unexpected insights into the performance of the 'Hawaii 4' transformation and regeneration system. RESULTS Following Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of leaf explants with gene constructs carried by Gateway® vectors, plants were regenerated using a modified version of an established 'Hawaii 4' protocol. Expanding upon the findings of prior studies, we documented that plantlet regeneration was occurring via a somatic embryogenic rather than an organogenic developmental pathway. Among transformants, several variations in leaf morphology were observed. Unexpectedly, a particular leaf variant type, occurring in ~17% of all regenerants independent of construct type, was found to be attributable to tetraploidy. The tetraploidy-associated alteration in leaf morphology could be differentiated from the leaf morphology of diploid regenerants on the basis of a quantitative ratio of leaf dimensions: B/A, where B is the width of the central leaflet and A is the overall width of the trifoliate leaf. Variant effects on leaf morphology of four different transgenic constructs were also documented, and were in all cases distinguishable from the effects of tetraploidy. CONCLUSIONS These results define opportunities to optimize the existing 'Hawaii 4' protocol by focusing on treatments that specifically promote somatic embryogenesis. The reported morphological metric and descriptions will guide future transgenic studies using the 'Hawaii 4' model system by alerting researchers to the potential occurrence of polyploid regenerants, and to differentiating the effects on leaf morphology due to polyploidy versus transgenic manipulations. Finally, an intriguing spectrum of leaf morphology alterations resulting from manipulation of expressed sequences of uncertain function is documented, providing a foundation for detailed studies of the respective genes and their functional roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - Kevin M Folta
- Horticultural Sciences Department and the Graduate Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, 1301 Fifield Hall University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Thomas M Davis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
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Abstract
The spatiotemporal manipulations of gene expression by the Cre recombinase (Cre) of bacteriophage P1 has become an essential asset to understanding mammalian genetics. Accumulating evidence suggests that Cre activity can, in addition to excising targeted loxP sites, induce cytotoxic effects, including abnormal cell cycle progression, genomic instability, and apoptosis, which can accelerate cancer progression. It is speculated that these defects are caused by Cre-induced DNA damage at off-target sites. Here we report the formation of tetraploid keratinocytes in the epidermis of keratin 5 and/or keratin 14 promoter-driven Cre (KRT5- and KRT14-Cre) expressing mouse skin. Biochemical analyses and flow cytometry demonstrated that Cre expression also induces DNA damage, genomic instability, and tetraploidy in HCT116 cells, and live-cell imaging revealed an extension of the G 2 cell cycle phase followed by defective or skipping of mitosis as cause for the tetraploidy. Since tetraploidy eventually leads to aneuploidy, a hallmark of cancer, our findings highlight the importance of distinguishing non-specific cytopathic effects from specific Cre/loxP-driven genetic manipulations when using Cre-mediated gene deletions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhao C Janbandhu
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry; Department of Molecular Medicine; Martinsried, Germany
| | - Daniel Moik
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry; Department of Molecular Medicine; Martinsried, Germany
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry; Department of Molecular Medicine; Martinsried, Germany
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Ujvari B, Pearse AM, Swift K, Hodson P, Hua B, Pyecroft S, Taylor R, Hamede R, Jones M, Belov K, Madsen T. Anthropogenic selection enhances cancer evolution in Tasmanian devil tumours. Evol Appl 2013; 7:260-5. [PMID: 24567746 PMCID: PMC3927887 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Tasmanian Devil Facial Tumour Disease (DFTD) provides a unique opportunity to elucidate the long-term effects of natural and anthropogenic selection on cancer evolution. Since first observed in 1996, this transmissible cancer has caused local population declines by >90%. So far, four chromosomal DFTD variants (strains) have been described and karyotypic analyses of 253 tumours showed higher levels of tetraploidy in the oldest strain. We propose that increased ploidy in the oldest strain may have evolved in response to effects of genomic decay observed in asexually reproducing organisms. In this study, we focus on the evolutionary response of DFTD to a disease suppression trial. Tumours collected from devils subjected to the removal programme showed accelerated temporal evolution of tetraploidy compared with tumours from other populations where no increase in tetraploid tumours were observed. As ploidy significantly reduces tumour growth rate, we suggest that the disease suppression trial resulted in selection favouring slower growing tumours mediated by an increased level of tetraploidy. Our study reveals that DFTD has the capacity to rapidly respond to novel selective regimes and that disease eradication may result in novel tumour adaptations, which may further imperil the long-term survival of the world's largest carnivorous marsupial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Ujvari
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne-Maree Pearse
- Animal Health Laboratory Department of Primary Industries, Parks and Water and Environment Launceston Tas., Australia
| | - Kate Swift
- Animal Health Laboratory Department of Primary Industries, Parks and Water and Environment Launceston Tas., Australia
| | - Pamela Hodson
- Animal Health Laboratory Department of Primary Industries, Parks and Water and Environment Launceston Tas., Australia
| | - Bobby Hua
- Animal Health Laboratory Department of Primary Industries, Parks and Water and Environment Launceston Tas., Australia
| | - Stephen Pyecroft
- Animal Health Laboratory Department of Primary Industries, Parks and Water and Environment Launceston Tas., Australia ; School of Animal & Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Adelaide Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Robyn Taylor
- Animal Health Laboratory Department of Primary Industries, Parks and Water and Environment Launceston Tas., Australia
| | - Rodrigo Hamede
- School of Zoology, University of Tasmania Hobart, Tas., Australia
| | - Menna Jones
- School of Zoology, University of Tasmania Hobart, Tas., Australia
| | - Katherine Belov
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas Madsen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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Prinz K, Weising K, Hensen I. Habitat fragmentation and recent bottlenecks influence genetic diversity and differentiation of the Central European halophyte Suaeda maritima (Chenopodiaceae). Am J Bot 2013; 100:2210-2218. [PMID: 24148614 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1300097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Central European salt habitats are mainly restricted to the maritime coast but scattered occurrences can also be found inland. In inland habitats, human activities have caused losses and reductions in the size of natural salt sites but have also created new anthropogenic habitats around potash mining dumps colonized by halophytic species in the last 30 yr. We aimed to investigate the effects of bottlenecks, isolation, and ongoing habitat fragmentation on the genetic variation of a species commonly growing in these special habitats. METHODS We used 10 microsatellite markers to compare genetic diversity and differentiation of 31 populations of Suaeda maritima (Chenopodiaceae) from Central European coasts and inland habitats. Two approaches were applied to analyze the tetraploid data based on allele frequencies directly derived from microsatellite data and from transformed binary data. KEY RESULTS In comparison to the coastal populations from the North Sea and the English Channel, significantly reduced genetic variation and increased between-population differentiation was revealed for populations from the German inland and the Baltic Sea coast. Genetic structure analyses clearly separated coastal and inland populations. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that gene flow is restricted among populations from inland salt sites and the Baltic Sea coast, presumably due to their isolation, small sizes, genetic bottlenecks and/or founder events. Patterns of allele distribution indicate some occasional genetic exchange among habitat types in the past. Anthropogenic salt sites may facilitate gene flow among inland salt habitats preventing endangered inland halophyte populations from genetic erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Prinz
- Institute for Systematic Botany with Herbarium Haussknecht and Botanical Garden, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 16, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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Balkan M, Fidanboy M, İsi H, Akbaş H, Kalkanli S, Alp MN, Budak T. A case of complete tetraploidy in amniocentesis with normal karyotype in subsequent cordocentesis. J Pediatr Genet 2012; 1:243-6. [PMID: 27625831 DOI: 10.3233/pge-12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of complete tetraploidy in amniotic fluid culture obtained at 17 wk of pregnancy. Amniocentesis was performed in this pregnancy because of a high-risk maternal serum screening result and abnormal ultrasound findings. Amniotic fluid was cultured in two flasks. Growth was very slow in one culture with no growth in the other. Harvest was possible after 3 wk, which revealed tetraploidy in all studied plates. Subsequent cordocentesis was performed to confirm the diagnoses of amniocentesis. Chromosomal analysis of the cordocentesis revealed a normal karyotype with 46,XY. A healthy male infant was born at term. This case illustrates that abnormal karyotypes in poor growth cultures could be misleading and should be confirmed by another technique, such as cordocentesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Balkan
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Fidanboy
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Hilmi İsi
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Halit Akbaş
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Kalkanli
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - M Nail Alp
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Turgay Budak
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Abstract
Comment on: Lv L, et al. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:2864-75.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Cimini
- Department of Biological Sciences; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA USA
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Davoli T, de Lange T. Telomere-driven tetraploidization occurs in human cells undergoing crisis and promotes transformation of mouse cells. Cancer Cell 2012; 21:765-76. [PMID: 22698402 PMCID: PMC3376354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Human cancers with a subtetraploid karyotype are thought to originate from tetraploid precursors, but the cause of tetraploidization is unknown. We previously documented endoreduplication in mouse cells with persistent telomere dysfunction or genome-wide DNA damage. We now report that endoreduplication and mitotic failure occur during telomere crisis in human fibroblasts and mammary epithelial cells and document the role of p53 and Rb in repressing tetraploidization. Using an inducible system to generate transient telomere damage, we show that telomere-driven tetraploidization enhances the tumorigenic transformation of mouse cells. Similar to human solid cancers, the resulting tumors evolved subtetraploid karyotypes. These data establish that telomere-driven tetraploidization is induced by critically short telomeres and has the potential to promote tumorigenesis in early cancerous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Titia de Lange
- Correspondence: Titia de Lange, Laboratory for Cell Biology and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065-6399, USA, phone: 212-327-8146 / fax: 212-327-7147,
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Yoshioka K, Atsumi Y, Fukuda H, Masutani M, Teraoka H. The Quiescent Cellular State is Arf/p53-Dependent and Associated with H2AX Downregulation and Genome Stability. Int J Mol Sci. 2012;13:6492-6506. [PMID: 22754379 PMCID: PMC3382772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13056492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disease associated with genomic instability and mutations. Excluding some tumors with specific chromosomal translocations, most cancers that develop at an advanced age are characterized by either chromosomal or microsatellite instability. However, it is still unclear how genomic instability and mutations are generated during the process of cellular transformation and how the development of genomic instability contributes to cellular transformation. Recent studies of cellular regulation and tetraploidy development have provided insights into the factors triggering cellular transformation and the regulatory mechanisms that protect chromosomes from genomic instability.
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Smith SM, Yuan Y, Doust AN, Bennetzen JL. Haplotype Analysis and Linkage Disequilibrium at Five Loci in Eragrostis tef. G3 (Bethesda) 2012; 2:407-19. [PMID: 22413094 DOI: 10.1534/g3.111.001511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Eragrostis tef (Zucc.), a member of the Chloridoideae subfamily of grasses, is one of the most important food crops in Ethiopia. Lodging is the most important production problem in tef. The rht1 and sd1 dwarfing genes have been useful for improving lodging resistance in wheat and rice, respectively, in what has been known as the “Green Revolution.” All homologs of rht1 and sd1 were cloned and sequenced from 31 tef accessions collected from across Ethiopia. The allotetraploid tef genome was found to carry two rht1 homologs. From sequence variation between these two putative homologs, an approximate ancestral divergence date of 6.4 million years ago was calculated for the two genomes within tef. Three sd1 homologs were identified in tef, with unknown orthologous/paralogous relationships. The genetic diversity in the 31 studied accessions was organized into a relatively small number of haplotypes (2−4) for four of these genes, whereas one rht1 homeologue exhibited 10 haplotypes. A low level of nucleotide diversity was observed at all loci. Linkage disequilibrium analysis demonstrated strong linkage disequilibrium, extending the length of the five genes investigated (2−4 kb), with no significant decline. There was no significant correlation between haplotypes of any of these genes and their recorded site of origin.
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