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Wu P, Xue J, Zhu Z, Yu Y, Sun Q, Xie M, Wang B, Huang P, Feng Z, Zhao J. Puerariae lobatae Radix ameliorates chronic kidney disease by reshaping gut microbiota and downregulating Wnt/β‑catenin signaling. Mol Med Rep 2024; 30:117. [PMID: 38757304 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysfunction is a key factor affecting chronic kidney disease (CKD) susceptibility. Puerariae lobatae Radix (PLR), a traditional Chinese medicine and food homologous herb, is known to promote the gut microbiota homeostasis; however, its role in renoprotection remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy and potential mechanism of PLR to alleviate CKD. An 8‑week 2% NaCl‑feeding murine model was applied to induce CKD and evaluate the therapeutic effect of PLR supplementary. After gavage for 8 weeks, The medium and high doses of PLR significantly alleviated CKD‑associated creatinine, urine protein increasement and nephritic histopathological injury. Moreover, PLR protected kidney from fibrosis by reducing inflammatory response and downregulating the canonical Wnt/β‑catenin pathway. Furthermore, PLR rescued the gut microbiota dysbiosis and protected against high salt‑induced gut barrier dysfunction. Enrichment of Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium was found after PLR intervention, the relative abundances of which were in positive correlation with normal maintenance of renal histology and function. Next, fecal microbiota transplantation experiment verified that the positive effect of PLR on CKD was, at least partially, exerted through gut microbiota reestablishment and downregulation of the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway. The present study provided evidence for a new function of PLR on kidney protection and put forward a potential therapeutic strategy target for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jingwen Xue
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhangrui Zhu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yao Yu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Ming Xie
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Benlin Wang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Pengcheng Huang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyuan Feng
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Liu S, Hu H, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Geng R, Jin Y, Cao Y, Guo W, Liu J, Fu S. Puerarin Delays Mammary Gland Aging by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Inhibiting the p38MAPK Signaling Pathway. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:10879-10896. [PMID: 38686994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Mammary gland aging is one of the most important problems faced by humans and animals. How to delay mammary gland aging is particularly important. Puerarin is a kind of isoflavone substance extracted from Pueraria lobata, which has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and other pharmacological effects. However, the role of puerarin in delaying lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mammary gland aging and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. On the one hand, we found that puerarin could significantly downregulate the expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and age-related indicators (SA-β-gal, p53, p21, p16) in mammary glands of mice. In addition, puerarin mainly inhibited the p38MAPK signaling pathway to repair mitochondrial damage and delay mammary gland aging. On the other hand, puerarin could also delay the cellular senescence of mice mammary epithelial cells (mMECs) by targeting gut microbiota and promoting the secretion of gut microbiota metabolites. In conclusion, puerarin could not only directly act on the mMECs but also regulate the gut microbiota, thus, playing a role in delaying the aging of the mammary gland. Based on the above findings, we have discovered a new pathway for puerarin to delay mammary gland aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Huijie Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Ruiqi Geng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuhang Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wenjin Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Juxiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Shoupeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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Li X, Liu L, Wan MX, Gong LM, Su J, Xu L. Active Components of Pueraria lobata through the MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway Alleviate Iron Overload in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400005. [PMID: 38504590 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To delve into the primary active ingredients and mechanism of Pueraria lobata for alleviating iron overload in alcoholic liver disease. METHODS Pueraria lobata's potential targets and signaling pathways in treating alcohol-induced iron overloads were predicted using network pharmacology analysis. Then, animal experiments were used to validate the predictions of network pharmacology. The impact of puerarin or genistein on alcohol-induced iron accumulation, liver injury, oxidative stress, and apoptosis was assessed using morphological examination, biochemical index test, and immunofluorescence. Key proteins implicated in linked pathways were identified using RT-qPCR, western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Network pharmacological predictions combined with animal experiments suggest that the model group compared to the control group, exhibited activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, suppression of hepcidin expression, and aggravated iron overload, liver damage, oxidative stress, and hepatocyte death. Puerarin and genistein, the active compounds in Pueraria lobata, effectively mitigated the aforementioned alcohol-induced effects. No statistically significant disparities were seen in the effects above between the two groups receiving drug therapy. CONCLUSION This study preliminarily demonstrated that puerarin and genistein in Pueraria lobata may increase hepcidin production to alleviate alcohol-induced iron overload by inhibiting the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Le Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Mei-Xuan Wan
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Li-Min Gong
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Juan Su
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Li Xu
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-pathogenic Plant Resources from Western Yunnan, Dali University, Dali, China
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Mu Y, Yang Y, Jiang S, Liu C, Han Y, Jiang J, Wang Y. Benefits of Puerarin on Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Cardiovascular Diseases in Rats Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. Nutrients 2024; 16:1273. [PMID: 38732519 PMCID: PMC11085683 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) that has become a global public health problem. Puerarin (PUE), the principal active compound of Pueraria lobata, has the effects of regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and protecting against cardiovascular damage. This study aimed to investigate whether dietary supplementation with PUE could ameliorate MetS and its associated cardiovascular damage. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: the normal diet group (NC), the high-fat/high-sucrose diet group (HFHS), and the HFHS plus PUE diet group (HFHS-PUE). The results showed that PUE-supplemented rats exhibited enhanced glucose tolerance, improved lipid parameters, and reduced blood pressure compared to those on the HFHS diet alone. Additionally, PUE reversed the HFHS-induced elevations in the atherogenic index (AI) and the activities of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK). Ultrasonic evaluations indicated that PUE significantly ameliorated cardiac dysfunction and arterial stiffness. Histopathological assessments further confirmed that PUE significantly mitigated cardiac remodeling, arterial remodeling, and neuronal damage in the brain. Moreover, PUE lowered systemic inflammatory indices including C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with PUE effectively moderated metabolic disorders, attenuated systemic inflammation, and minimized cardiovascular damage in rats with MetS induced by an HFHS diet. These results provide novel insights into the potential benefits of dietary PUE supplementation for the prevention and management of MetS and its related CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jiandong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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He R, Li M, Huang B, Zou X, Li S, Sang X, Yang L. Comparative analysis of multi-angle structural alterations and cold-water solubility of kudzu starch modifications using different methods. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130522. [PMID: 38428777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Kudzu, a plant known for its medicinal value and health benefits, is typically consumed in the form of starch. However, the use of native kudzu starch is limited by its high pasting temperature and low solubility, leading to a poor consumer experience. In this study, kudzu starch was treated using six modification techniques: ball milling, extrusion puffing, alcoholic-alkaline, urea-alkaline, pullulanase, and extrusion puffing-pullulanase. The results of the Fourier transform infrared spectrum showed that the intensity ratio of 1047/1022 cm-1 for the modified starches (1.02-1.21) was lower than that of the native kudzu starch (1.22). The relative crystallinity of modified kudzu starch significantly decreased, especially after ball milling, extrusion puffing, and alcoholic-alkaline treatment. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed significant changes in the granular structures of the modified starches. After modification, the pasting temperature of kudzu starch decreased (except for the urea-alkaline treatment), and the apparent viscosity of kudzu starch decreased from 517.95 Pa·s to 0.47 Pa·s. The cold-water solubility of extrusion-puffing and extrusion puffing-pullulanase modified kudzu starch was >70 %, which was significantly higher than that of the native starch (0.11 %). These findings establish a theoretical basis for the potential development of instant kudzu powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruidi He
- School of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, 9 Donghua Road, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Mingmei Li
- School of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, 9 Donghua Road, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Biao Huang
- School of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, 9 Donghua Road, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Xiaochen Zou
- School of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, 9 Donghua Road, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Songnan Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sang
- School of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, 9 Donghua Road, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Liping Yang
- School of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, 9 Donghua Road, Fengyang 233100, China.
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6
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Li X, Ji W, Wu S, Qian C, Zhou J, Zhang Z, Li D. The isolation, characterization and biological activities of the non-glucan polysaccharides from the high-starch-content plant Pueraria mirifica. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129709. [PMID: 38286380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The dried root of Pueraria mirifica (P. mirifica) is an edible foodstuff widely used in Asian countries. P. mirifica is known for its high starch content. The isolation of polysaccharides from high-starch plant parts is challenging due to the interference of starch. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a technique for isolating and investigating the structure and activity of non-glucan polysaccharides from P. mirifica (PMP). An effective starch removal process was developed using α-amylase hydrolysis and thorough membrane dialysis. Four non-glucan polysaccharides were isolated, and PMP-2 was subjected to structural elucidation. The results indicated that PMP-2 has a molecular weight of 124.4 kDa and that arabinose and galactose are the main components, accounting for 27.8 % and 58.5 %, respectively. Methylation and NMR analysis suggested that PMP-2 is an Arabinogalactan composed of 1,6-linked Galp and 1,4-linked Galp as the main chain, with arabinan and rhamnose as side chains. Furthermore, PMP-C and PMP-2 exhibited concentration-dependent antioxidant activities against DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radicals and certain immunomodulatory activities related to the release of NO, TNF-α and IL-6. These findings suggest that PMP-2 has potential therapeutically active ingredient in functional foods. The developed method successfully removed starch and isolated non-glucan polysaccharides from the high-starch content plant P. mirifica and can be applied to other high-starch plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Wen Ji
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Shuye Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Cuiyin Qian
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Jianqin Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Zhenqing Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Duxin Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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Cao W, Wu J, Zhao X, Li Z, Yu J, Shao T, Hou X, Zhou L, Wang C, Wang G, Han J. Structural elucidation of an active polysaccharide from Radix Puerariae lobatae and its protection against acute alcoholic liver disease. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 325:121565. [PMID: 38008472 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Radix Pueraria lobata can be used as medicine and food, whose polysaccharide is one of the main bioactive ingredients. To explore the effect and mechanism of Pueraria lobata polysaccharide, a homogeneous and novel water-soluble polysaccharide (PLP1) was successfully isolated and purified from P. lobata by column chromatography in the current study. Structure analysis revealed that PLP1 (Mw = 10.43 kDa) was constituted of the residues including (1 → 4)-α-d-glucose and (1 → 4, 6)-α-d-glucose, which were linked together at a ratio of 5:1 and represented the main glycosidic units. In vitro experiments indicated that PLP1 exhibited a better free radical-scavenging ability than amylose and amylopectin, meanwhile in vivo experiments indicated that PLP1 effectively protected against liver injury in mice with acute ALD through significantly inhibiting oxidative stress to regulate lipid metabolism, increasing short-chain fatty acid production, and maintaining intestinal homeostasis by regulating intestinal flora. Taken together, our results illustrate that PLP1 can regulate intestinal microecology as a feasible therapeutic agent for protecting against ALD on the ground of the gut-liver axis, thus laying a theoretical foundation for the rational exploitation and utilization of P. lobata resources in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Cao
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jiangping Wu
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xinya Zhao
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Zixu Li
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Taili Shao
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xuefeng Hou
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lutan Zhou
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Chunfei Wang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Guodong Wang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Jun Han
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu 241002, China.
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8
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Dou Z, Zhang Y, Tang W, Deng Q, Hu B, Chen X, Niu H, Wang W, Li Z, Zhou H, Zeng N. Ultrasonic effects on the degradation kinetics, structural characteristics and protective effects on hepatocyte lipotoxicity induced by palmitic acid of Pueraria Lobata polysaccharides. Ultrason Sonochem 2023; 101:106652. [PMID: 37865008 PMCID: PMC10597800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a high-molecular-weight Pueraria lobata polysaccharide (PLP) with a molecular weight of 273.54 kDa was degraded by ultrasound, and the ultrasonic degradation kinetics, structural characteristics and hepatoprotective activity of ultrasonic degraded PLP fractions (PLPs) were evaluated. The results showed that the ultrasonic treatment significantly reduced the Mw and particle size of PLP, and the kinetic equation of ultrasonic degradation of PLP followed to the midpoint fracture model (the fist-order model). The monosaccharide composition analysis, FT-IR, triple helix structure and XRD analysis all indicated that the ultrasound degradation did not destroy the primary structure of PLP, but the thermal stability of degraded fractions improved. Additionally, the scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that the surface morphology of PLP was altered from smooth, flat, compact large flaky structure to a sparse rod-like structure with sparse crosslinking (PLP-7). The degraded PLP fractions (0.5 mg/mL) with lower Mw exhibited better antioxidant activities and protective effects against palmitic acid-induced hepatic lipotoxicity, which may be due to the increased exposure of active groups such as hydroxyl groups of PLP after ultrasound. Further investigation showed that PLPs not only increased Nrf2 phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation, thereby activating Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, but also enhanced HO-1, NQO-1, γ-GCL gene expressions and promoted superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, which protected hepatocytes against PA-induced oxidative stress and lipotoxicity. Overall, our research might provide an in-depth insight into P. Lobata polysaccharide in ameliorating lipid metabolic disorders, and the results revealed that ultrasonic irradiation could be a promising degradation method to produce value-added polysaccharide for use in functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuman Dou
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Waijiao Tang
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Qiong Deng
- School of Business Administration, Guangzhou Institute of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Baishun Hu
- Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Usnciciences, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Xianwei Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hui Niu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenduo Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| | - Nianyi Zeng
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
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9
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Aboughanem-Sabanadzovic N, Stephenson RC, Allen TW, Henn A, Moore WF, Lawrence A, Sabanadzovic S. Characterization of a Putative New Member of the Genus Potyvirus from Kudzu ( Pueraria montana var. lobata) in Mississippi. Viruses 2023; 15:2145. [PMID: 38005823 PMCID: PMC10675740 DOI: 10.3390/v15112145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata), a plant native to Southeastern Asia, has become a major noxious weed covering millions of hectares in the Southern United States. A kudzu patch displaying virus-like symptoms located in Ackerman, northeastern Mississippi (MS), was used as a source for virus isolation and characterization involving mechanical and vector transmission, ultrastructural observation, surveys, Sanger and high-throughput genome sequencing, and sequence analyses. The results revealed the presence of a new potyvirus in infected kudzu, closely related to wisteria vein mosaic virus (WVMV) and provisionally named kudzu chlorotic ring blotch virus (KudCRBV). Genome features and pairwise comparison with six WVMV genomes currently available in GenBank and three additional isolates from MS sequenced in this work suggest that KudCRBV is likely a member of a new species in the genus Potyvirus. Furthermore, under experimental conditions, KudCRBV was successfully transmitted by cotton and potato aphids and mechanically to soybean and beans. A state-wide survey revealed several kudzu patches infected by the virus in northern MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Aboughanem-Sabanadzovic
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (R.C.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Ronald Christian Stephenson
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (R.C.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Thomas W. Allen
- Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA;
| | - Alan Henn
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (R.C.S.); (A.H.)
| | - William F. Moore
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (R.C.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Amanda Lawrence
- Institute for Imaging and Analytical Technologies, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA;
| | - Sead Sabanadzovic
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (R.C.S.); (A.H.)
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Zhu HY, Liu Y, Li JR, Liu YH, Rong ZL, Li YT, Chang SY. [Effect and mechanism of Puerariae Lobatae Radix in alleviating insulin resistance in T2DM db/db mice based on intestinal flora]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2023; 48:4693-4701. [PMID: 37802808 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20230418.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effect and underlying mechanism of Puerariae Lobatae Radix on insulin resistance in db/db mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) based on the analysis of intestinal flora. Fifty db/db mice were randomly divided into a model group(M group), a metformin group(YX group), a high-dose Puerariae Lobatae Radix group(YGG group), a medium-dose Puerariae Lobatae Radix group(YGZ group), and a low-dose Puerariae Lobatae Radix group(YGD group). Another 10 db/m mice were assigned to the normal group(K group). After continuous administration for eight weeks, body weight and blood sugar of mice were measured. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect glycosylated serum protein(GSP) and fasting serum insulin(FINS), and insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) was calculated. The histopathological changes in the pancreas were observed by HE staining. Tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α expression in the pancreas was detected using immunohistochemistry. The structural changes in fecal intestinal flora in the K, M, and YGZ groups were detected by 16S rRNA. Western blot was used to detect the expression of farnesoid X receptor(FXR) and takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5(TGR5) in the ileum, cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase(CYP7A1) and sterol 27α-hydroxylase(CYP27A1) in the liver, and G protein-coupled receptors 41(GPR41) and 43(GPR43) in the colon. Compared with the K group, the M group showed increased body weight, blood sugar, serum GSP, fasting blood glucose(FBG), and FINS, increased HOMA-IR, inflammatory infiltration of islet cells, necrosis and degeneration of massive acinar cells, unclear boundary between islet cells and acinar cells, disturbed intestinal flora, and down-regulated FXR, TGR5, CYP7A1, CYP27A1, GPR41, and GPR43. Compared with the M group, the YX, YGG, YGZ, and YGD groups showed decreased body weight, blood sugar, serum GSP, FBG, and FINS, islet cells with intact and clumpy morphology and clear boundary, necrosis of a few acinar cells, and more visible islet cells. The intestinal flora in the YGZ group changed from phylum to genus levels, and the relative abundance of intestinal flora affecting the metabolites of intestinal flora increased. The protein expression of FXR, TGR5, CYP7A1, CYP27A1, GPR41, and GPR43 increased. The results show that Puerariae Lobatae Radix can improve the inflammatory damage of pancreatic islet cells and reduce insulin resistance in db/db mice with T2DM. The mechanism of action may be related to the increase in the abundance of Actinobacteria, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides in the intestinal tract and the protein expression related to metabolites of intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yang Zhu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Ye Liu
- the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330008, China
| | - Jia-Rong Li
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yu-Hui Liu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Zi-Ling Rong
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yu-Ting Li
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Shi-Yao Chang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004, China
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Juengsanguanpornsuk W, Poopanee N, Krittanai S, Sakamoto S, Tanaka H, Putalun W, Yusakul G. Immunoaffinity separation of miroestrol and deoxymiroestrol from Pueraria candollei var. mirifica (Airy Shaw & Suvat.) Niyomdham using fragment antigen-binding antibody produced via Escherichia coli. Phytochem Anal 2023; 34:632-640. [PMID: 37254639 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Miroestrol and deoxymiroestrol are potent phytoestrogens and are oestrogen markers of Pueraria candollei var. mirifica. However, purifying these compounds is difficult because they only exist in trace amounts. OBJECTIVES Active fragment antigen-binding (Fab) antibodies were produced via Escherichia coli SHuffle® T7 and used to selectively separate these compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two immunoaffinity separation approaches were developed, namely the immunoaffinity column (IAC) and a cell-based method. Group-specific Fab antibodies against miroestrol and deoxymiroestrol (anti-MD Fab) were used as biological binding reagents for selective separation. RESULTS The Fab-based IAC effectively separated miroestrol and deoxymiroestrol (0.65 and 2.24 μg per 2 mL of resin, respectively) from P. mirifica root extract. When P. mirifica extract was added to E. coli cultures during Fab expression via a cell-based method, the target compound accumulated in intracellular compartments and, thus, were separated from E. coli cells after the removal of other compounds. A yield of 1.07 μg of miroestrol per gram of cell pellet weight was obtained. Miroestrol and deoxymiroestrol were successfully purified from P. mirifica extract using anti-MD Fab via the IAC and an intracellular cell-based method. CONCLUSION The proposed methods can simplify the miroestrol and deoxymiroestrol extraction process and provide a basis for applications utilising recombinant antibodies to separate target compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nut Poopanee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supaluk Krittanai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Seiichi Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Kampo, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Waraporn Putalun
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Gorawit Yusakul
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Functional Materials and Nanotechnology Center of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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12
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Xi C, Zhang M, Li B, Meng X, Xu S, Du H, Wang X, Xu J, Ke H, Cui Y, Qu F. Metabolomics of the anti-inflammatory effect of Pueraria lobata and Pueraria lobata var. Thomsonii in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 306:116144. [PMID: 36649849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi and Pueraria lobata var. Thomsonii (Benth.) Maesen are essential medicinal and edible homologous plants widely cultivated in Asian countries. Therefore, P. lobata and P. thomsonii are widely used in the food, health products and pharmaceutical industries and have significant domestic and international market potential and research value. P. lobata and P. thomsonii have pharmacological effects in the clinic, such as antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. These plants are commonly used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and other related diseases. However, the potential mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory effects of P. lobata and P. thomsonii have not been elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to confirm the anti-inflammatory effects of P. lobata and P. thomsonii on inflammatory model diseases and to investigate the mechanism of their anti-inflammatory effects from the perspective of plasma metabolomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, P. lobata and P. thomsonii were identified by high‒performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Second, we established the following three inflammation models: an acute inflammation model of auricular swelling in mice induced by xylene, an acute inflammation model of foot swelling in rats induced by carrageenan gum, and a chronic inflammation model of cotton ball granuloma in rats. Then we examined the weight and swelling rate of auricular swelling in mice; the residence time, contact area, and mean contact pressure in rats on the gait meter; and the weight of granulomas in rats and the content of IL-1β and TNF-α in plasma to investigate the anti-inflammatory pharmacodynamics of P. lobata and P. thomsonii. Third, we used LC‒MS‒based plasma metabolomics techniques to obtain potential biomarkers of P. lobata and P. thomsonii related to inflammation. Then, the potential biomarkers were enriched by MetaboAnalyst and KEGG metabolomics analysis tools to obtain metabolic pathways related to inflammation. Finally, we tested the indicators of COX-2, 5-LOX, GSH, GSSG and γ⁃GCL in rat plasma from the granuloma model by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to verify the inflammation-related metabolic pathway. RESULTS The experimental results showed that P. lobata and P. thomsonii could reduce the swollen weight and swelling rate of the auricle in mice, and could increase the residence time, contact area and mean contact pressure in rats on the gait meter. Moreover, P. lobata and P. thomsonii could inhibit the growth of granulomas and reduce the content of IL-1β and TNF-α in plasma in rats. The above results preliminarily verified that P. lobata and P. thomsonii have different anti-inflammatory effects. We identified eighteen plasma biomarkers associated with P. lobata and sixteen plasma biomarkers related to P. thomsonii in regulating inflammation by a plasma metabolomics analysis. The following two major metabolic pathways were further screened and enriched: arachidonic acid metabolism and glutathione metabolism. Then we noted that P. lobata and P. thomsonii could reduce the COX-2, 5-LOX and GSSG levels and increase the GSH, GSH/GSSG and γ⁃GCL levels based on the ELISA results, which demonstrated that P. lobata and P. thomsonii affect the anti-inflammatory mechanism through arachidonic acid metabolism and glutathione metabolism. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study further elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of P. lobata and P. thomsonii, providing a scientific basis for developing new drugs for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases and laying a foundation for the development of herbal resources, such as P. lobata and P. thomsonii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Bingtao Li
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Xiaowei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Shangcheng Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Hong Du
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Jingping Xu
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Hong Ke
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Yanru Cui
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China.
| | - Fei Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China.
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Chen C, Li X, Kano Y, Yuan D, Qu J. Oriental traditional herbal Medicine--Puerariae Flos: A systematic review. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 306:116089. [PMID: 36621660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pueraria Flos (PF), a traditional herbal medicine, is botanically from the dried flowers of Pueraria lobate (Willd.) Ohwi. (Chinese: ) or Pueraria thomsonii Benth. (Chinese: ). It has a long history of thousands of years in China for awakening the spleen, clearing the lungs, relieving alcohol. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to report the up-to-date research progress in ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology, metabolism and therapeutic application of PF, so as to provide a strong basis for future clinical treatment and scientific research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant information on PF was collected from scientific literature databases including PubMed, CNKI and other literature sources (Ph.D. and M.Sc. dissertations and Chinese herbal classic books) by using the keyword "Puerariae". RESULTS Briefly, phytochemical research report has isolated 39 flavonoids, 19 saponins and 25 volatile oils from PF. Flavonoids and saponins are the most important bioactive compounds, and most of the quality control studies focus on these two types of compounds. Modern pharmacological studies have revealed their significant biological activities in relieving alcoholism, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidation, which provides theoretical support for the traditional use. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive analysis showed that pharmacological activity of most purified compounds from PF had not been reported. Kakkalide, tectoridin and their deglycosylated metabolites (irisolidone and tectorigenin) has been focused on excessively due to their higher content and better activities. This leads to low development and resources waste. Interestingly, PF made a breakthrough in the field of food. Many kinds of fat-lowering foods such as PILLBOX Onaka have been popular in Japan market, which received extensive attention. Therefore, we suggest that future research can be paid attention on the development of the plant's function in the field of food and medicine, as well as the transformation from experimental to clinical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Chen
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, South Road of Lvshun, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China; Institute (College) of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, South Road of Lvshun, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yoshihiro Kano
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Jialin Qu
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Suntichaikamolkul N, Akashi T, Mahalapbutr P, Sanachai K, Rungrotmongkol T, Bassard JE, Schaller H, De-Eknamkul W, Vimolmangkang S, Yamazaki M, Sirikantaramas S. Daidzein Hydroxylation by CYP81E63 Is Involved in the Biosynthesis of Miroestrol in Pueraria mirifica. Plant Cell Physiol 2023; 64:64-79. [PMID: 36218384 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
White Kwao Krua (Pueraria candollei var. mirifica), a Thai medicinal plant, is a rich source of phytoestrogens, especially isoflavonoids and chromenes. These phytoestrogens are well known; however, their biosynthetic genes remain largely uncharacterized. Cytochrome P450 (P450) is a large protein family that plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of various compounds in plants, including phytoestrogens. Thus, we focused on P450s involved in the isoflavone hydroxylation that potentially participates in the biosynthesis of miroestrol. Three candidate P450s were isolated from the transcriptome libraries by considering the phylogenetic and expression data of each tissue of P. mirifica. The candidate P450s were functionally characterized both in vitro and in planta. Accordingly, the yeast microsome harboring PmCYP81E63 regiospecifically exhibited either 2' or 3' daidzein hydroxylation and genistein hydroxylation. Based on in silico calculation, PmCYP81E63 had higher binding energy with daidzein than with genistein, which supported the in vitro result of the isoflavone specificity. To confirm in planta function, the candidate P450s were then transiently co-expressed with isoflavone-related genes in Nicotiana benthamiana. Despite no daidzein in the infiltrated N. benthamiana leaves, genistein and hydroxygenistein biosynthesis were detectable by liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Additionally, we demonstrated that PmCYP81E63 interacted with several enzymes related to isoflavone biosynthesis using bimolecular fluorescence complementation studies and a yeast two-hybrid analysis, suggesting a scheme of metabolon formation in the pathway. Our findings provide compelling evidence regarding the involvement of PmCYP81E63 in the early step of the proposed miroestrol biosynthesis in P. mirifica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithiwat Suntichaikamolkul
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Crop, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tomoyoshi Akashi
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Panupong Mahalapbutr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 123 Muang District, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Kamonpan Sanachai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Muang District, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Center of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jean-Etienne Bassard
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du général Zimmer, Strasbourg 67084, France
| | - Hubert Schaller
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du général Zimmer, Strasbourg 67084, France
| | - Wanchai De-Eknamkul
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sornkanok Vimolmangkang
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Mami Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
- Plant Molecular Science Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Supaart Sirikantaramas
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Crop, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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15
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Wang S, Yao W, Zhu X, Wang J, Lu L, Zhu N, Lan T, Kuang Y, Zhu W, Liu R, Huang L. Exploring the mechanism of the antithrombotic effects of Pueraria lobata and Pueraria lobata var. thomsonii based on network pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 300:115701. [PMID: 36089177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi and Pueraria lobata var. thomsonii (Benth.) Maesen are nutritious medicine food homology plants that are widely used in the food and health products industry and are excellent natural materials for the development of new health foods, with great potential for domestic and foreign markets. Clinically, P. lobata and P. thomsonii are used to treat coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, cerebral infarction and other cardiovascular diseases, and antithrombotic actions may be their core effect in the treatment of thrombotic diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms of the antithrombotic properties of P. lobata and P. thomsonii have not been clarified. METHODS First, P. lobata and P. thomsonii were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). An arteriovenous bypass thrombosis rat model was established. Thrombus dry‒wet weight, platelet accumulation rate and the four coagulation indices, including activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen (FIB), were detected in plasma to manifest the P. lobata and P. thomsonii antithrombotic function. Network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were used to obtain key targets and verify reliability. David 6.8 was used for GO and KEGG analyses to explore pathways and potential targets for P. lobata and P. thomsonii antithrombotic functions. Prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), thromboxane A2 (TXA2), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The results indicated that P. lobata and P. thomsonii can reduce thrombus dry‒wet weight and platelet accumulation in rats and inhibit TT, APTT, FIB, and PT. A comprehensive network pharmacology approach successfully identified 9 active ingredients in P. lobata and P. thomsonii. The main active ingredients include polyphenols, amino acids and flavonoids. A total of 15 antithrombotic function targets were obtained, including 3 key targets (PTGS2, NOS3, MPO). Pathway analysis showed 10 significant related pathways and 29 biological processes. P. lobata and P. thomsonii inhibited platelet aggregation by upregulating PGI2 and downregulating TXA2, inhibited PTGS2 to reduce inflammation, and increased the level of eNOS to promote vasodilation. In addition, P. lobata and P. thomsonii alleviated oxidative stress by increasing SOD levels and significantly decreasing MDA contents. CONCLUSION The results of the study further clarify the antithrombotic mechanism of action of P. lobata and P. thomsonii, which provides a scientific basis for the development of new drugs for thrombogenic diseases and lays the foundation for the development of P. lobata and P. thomsonii herbal resources and P. lobata and P. thomsonii health products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Wei Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Longhui Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Na Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Tong Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Yunxia Kuang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China.
| | - Liping Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China.
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Tian MR, Du K, Zhi YL, Xue GM, Zhao ZZ, Si YY, Chen H, Sun YJ, Feng WS, Ma JL. LSD1 inhibitors from the roots of Pueraria lobata. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2023; 25:44-52. [PMID: 35113741 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2032677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
One new 6a,11a-dehydropterocarpan derivative, 6-O-methyl-anhydrotuberosin (1), one new 6a-hydroxypterocarpan, (6aR,11aR,11bR)-hydroxytuberosone (7), and seven known compounds including two 6a,11a-dehydropterocarpans (2 and 4), two coumestans (3 and 5), one isoflavonoid (6) and two other phenolic compounds (8 and 9) were isolated from the roots of Pueraria lobata. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated with spectroscopic and spectrometric methods (1 D and 2DNMR, HRESIMS). Compounds 1, 2, 4-5 showed potent LSD1 inhibitory activities with IC50 values ranging from 1.73 to 4.99 μM. Furthermore, compound 2 showed potent cytotoxicity against gastric cancer cell lines MGC-803 and BGC-823, and lung cancer cell lines H1299 and H460.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ru Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Kun Du
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yan-Le Zhi
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Gui-Min Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhen-Zhu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ying-Ying Si
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yan-Jun Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Wei-Sheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jin-Lian Ma
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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Meng F, Guo B, Ma YQ, Li KW, Niu FJ. Puerarin: A review of its mechanisms of action and clinical studies in ophthalmology. Phytomedicine 2022; 107:154465. [PMID: 36166943 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pueraria is the common name of the dried root of either Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen & S.M.Almeida ex Sanjappa & Predeep (syn. Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi) or Pueraria montana var. thomsonii (Benth.) M.R.Almeida (syn. Pueraria thomsonii Benth.). Puerarin is a C-glucoside of the isoflavone daidzein extracted from Pueraria. It has been widely investigated to explore its therapeutic role in eye diseases and the molecular mechanisms. PURPOSE To collect the available literature from 2000 to 2022 on puerarin in the treatment of ocular diseases and suggest the future required directions to improve its medicinal value. METHOD The content of this review was obtained from databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the Wanfang Database. RESULTS The search yielded 428 articles, of which 159 articles were included after excluding duplicate articles and articles related to puerarin but less relevant to the topic of the review. In eleven articles, the bioavailability of puerarin was discussed. Despite puerarin possesses diverse biological activities, its bioavailability on its own is poor. There are 95 articles in which the therapeutic mechanisms of puerarin in ocular diseases was reported. Of these, 54 articles discussed the various signalling pathways related to occular diseases affected by puerarin. The other 41 articles discussed specific biological activities of puerarin. It plays a therapeutic role in ophthalmopathy via regulating nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-ĸB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, protein kinase C (PKC) and other related pathways, affecting the expression of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and other cytokines resulting in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. The clinical applications of puerarin in ophthalmology were discussed in 25 articles. Eleven articles discussed the toxicity of puerarin. The literature suggests that puerarin has a good curative effect and can be used safely in clinical practice. CONCLUSION This review has illustrated the diverse applications of puerarin acting on ocular diseases and suggested that puerarin can be used for treating diabetic retinopathy, retinal vascular occlusion, glaucoma and other ocular diseases in the clinic. Some ocular diseases are the result of the combined action of multiple factors, and the effect of puerarin on different factors needs to be further studied to improve a more complete mechanism of action of puerarin. In addition, it is necessary to increase the number of subjects in clinical trials and conduct clinical trials for other ocular diseases. The information presented here will guide future research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Meng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Daxue Road 4655, Ji'nan 250355, China
| | - Bin Guo
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Daxue Road 4655, Ji'nan 250355, China
| | - Yi-Qing Ma
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Daxue Road 4655, Ji'nan 250355, China
| | - Kun-Wei Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Daxue Road 4655, Ji'nan 250355, China.
| | - Feng-Ju Niu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Daxue Road 4655, Ji'nan 250355, China.
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Zhao W, Peng D, Li W, Chen S, Liu B, Huang P, Wu J, Du B, Li P. Probiotic-fermented Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi alleviates alcoholic liver injury by enhancing antioxidant defense and modulating gut microbiota. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:6877-6888. [PMID: 35655427 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi (PL) has been used in China to detoxify alcohol and protect the liver for millennia, though its mechanism of liver protection has not been elucidated. However, fermentation is considered to be one of the effective ways to enhance the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective mechanism of probiotic-fermented PL (FPL). Sprague Dawley rats were administered with FPL followed by gavage of alcohol for seven consecutive days; following that, liver injury levels were evaluated in rats. RESULTS FPL ameliorated lipid accumulation and inflammation levels in rats. Meanwhile, the levels of ethanol dehydrogenase, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, and cytochrome P4502E1 were elevated by FPL treatment. It was observed that the levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were elevated, and the expression of nuclear transcriptional factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 genes and proteins were increased by FPL treatment, demonstrating that the Nrf2-mediated signal pathway was activated. Furthermore, FPL restored the composition of the gut microbiota with an increase in the abundances of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus and a decrease in the abundances of Bacteroidota and Akkermansia. Additionally, a strong correlation was found between the gut microbiota and the antioxidant parameters. CONCLUSION The results indicate that FPL possesses an excellent protective effect in alcoholic liver injury. Our findings are beneficial to the development of hepatoprotective nutraceuticals for alcoholics. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Peng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijie Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suiying Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingxi Huang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junsong Wu
- Guangzhou Songyuan Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Cheng H, Huang X, Wu S, Wang S, Rao S, Li L, Cheng S, Li L. Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly and Multi-Omics Dataset Provide Insights into Isoflavone and Puerarin Biosynthesis in Pueraria lobata (Wild.) Ohwi. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121731. [PMID: 36551157 PMCID: PMC9775041 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pueraria lobata (wild.) Ohwi is a leguminous plant and one of the traditional Chinese herbal medicines. Its puerarin extract is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. This study reported a chromosome-level genome assembly for P. lobata and its characteristics. The genome size was ~939.2 Mb, with a contig N50 of 29.51 Mbp. Approximately 97.82% of the assembled sequences were represented by 11 pseudochromosomes. We identified that the repetitive sequences accounted for 63.50% of the P. lobata genome. A total of 33,171 coding genes were predicted, of which 97.34% could predict the function. Compared with other species, P. lobata had 757 species-specific gene families, including 1874 genes. The genome evolution analysis revealed that P. lobata was most closely related to Glycine max and underwent two whole-genome duplication (WGD) events. One was in a gamma event shared by the core dicotyledons at around 65 million years ago, and another was in the common ancestor shared by legume species at around 25 million years ago. The collinearity analysis showed that 61.45% of the genes (54,579 gene pairs) in G. max and P. lobata had collinearity. In this study, six unique PlUGT43 homologous genes were retrieved from the genome of P. lobata, and no 2-hydroxyisoflavanone 8-C-glucoside was found in the metabolites. This also revealed that the puerarin synthesis was mainly from the glycation of daidzein. The combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis suggested that two bHLHs, six MYBs and four WRKYs were involved in the expression regulation of puerarin synthesis structural genes. The genetic information obtained in this study provided novel insights into the biological evolution of P. lobata and leguminous species, and it laid the foundation for further exploring the regulatory mechanism of puerarin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Cheng
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Shiyan Wang
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Shen Rao
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Shuiyuan Cheng
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Linling Li
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-173-7156-9920
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Fang X, Zhang Y, Cao Y, Shan M, Song D, Ye C, Zhu D. Studies on Chemical Composition of Pueraria lobata and Its Anti-Tumor Mechanism. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217253. [PMID: 36364084 PMCID: PMC9657109 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fourteen compounds were isolated from Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi by column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography; the structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis and compared with data reported in the literature. Seven compounds were isolated and identified from Pueraria lobata for the first time: Linoleic acid, Sandwicensin, Isovanillin, Ethyl ferulate, Haginin A, Isopterofuran, 3′.7-Dihydroxyisoflavan. The other 10 compounds were structurally identified as follows: Lupenone, Lupeol, β-sitosterol, Genistein, Medicarpin, Coniferyl Aldehyde, Syringaldehyde. All compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit SW480 and SW620 cells using the CCK-8 method; compound 5 (Sandwicensin) had the best activity, and compounds 6, 9, 11 and 12 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity. In addition, the targets and signaling pathways of Sandwicensin treatment for CRC were mined using network pharmacology, and MAPK3, MTOR, CCND1 and CDK4 were found to be closely associated with Sandwicensin treatment for CRC; the GO and KEGG analysis showed that Sandwicensin may directly regulate the cycle, proliferation and apoptosis of CRC cells through cancer-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Fang
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Yegang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Yiming Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Mengyao Shan
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Dimeng Song
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Chao Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin 132013, China
- Correspondence: (C.Y.); (D.Z.)
| | - Difu Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Correspondence: (C.Y.); (D.Z.)
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21
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Qin TT, Ma JL, Yuan Y, DU K, Miao JX, Li XF, Zeng HH, Wu XX, Li ZH. [Mechanism of Puerariae Lobatae Radix against lung cancer by inhibiting histone demethylase LSD1]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:5574-5583. [PMID: 36471975 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220421.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Histone lysine-specific demethylase 1(LSD1) has become a promising molecular target for lung cancer therapy. Upon the screening platform for LSD1 activity, some Chinese herbal extracts were screened for LSD1 activity inhibition, and the underlying mechanism was preliminarily investigated at both molecular and cellular levels. The results of LSD1 inhibition showed that Puerariae Lobatae Radix extract can effectively reduce LSD1 expression to elevate the expression of H3 K4 me2 and H3 K9 me2 substrates in H1975 and H1299 cells. Furthermore, Puerariae Lobatae Radix was evaluated for its anti-lung cancer activity. It had a potent inhibitory ability against the proliferation and colony formation of both H1975 and H1299 cells. Flow cytometry and DAPI staining assays indicated that Puerariae Lobatae Radix can induce the apoptosis of lung cancer cells. In addition, it can significantly suppress the migration and reverse the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) process of lung cancer cells by activating E-cadherin and suppressing the expression of N-cadherin, slug and vimentin. To sum up, Puerariae Lobatae Radix displayed a robust inhibitory activity against lung cancer, and the mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of LSD1 expression to induce the cell apoptosis and suppress the cell migration and EMT process. These findings will provide new insights into the action of Puerariae Lobatae Radix as an anti-lung cancer agent and offer new ideas for the study on the anti-cancer action of Chinese medicine based on the epigenetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Qin
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046, China School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jin-Lian Ma
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Kun DU
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jin-Xin Miao
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Li
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hua-Hui Zeng
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiang-Xiang Wu
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Li
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046, China
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22
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Wang Z, Du H, Peng W, Yang S, Feng Y, Ouyang H, Zhu W, Liu R. Efficacy and Mechanism of Pueraria lobata and Pueraria thomsonii Polysaccharides in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193926. [PMID: 36235582 PMCID: PMC9570604 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is called a “wasting and thirsting disorder” in Chinese traditional medicine because there is a depletion of vital substances in the body independent of the intake of food or water and an inability to reintroduce fluids through drinking. Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi (GG) and Pueraria thomsonii Benth. (FG) are traditional Chinese herbal medicines used in the treatment of wasting-thirst that reduce blood glucose levels. Flavonoids are the main pharmacodynamic components of GG and FG, and they are also the most studied components at present, but polysaccharides are also active components of GG and FG, which, however, are less studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of Pueraria polysaccharides (GG and FG polysaccharides) on type 2 diabetes (T2D), as well as their related mechanisms of action in terms of both intestinal flora and metabolomics. The C57BL/KsJ-db/db mouse model, a well-established model of obesity-induced T2D, was used in this study. The metabolomic analysis showed that Pueraria polysaccharides improved the metabolic profile of diabetic mice and significantly regulated metabolites and metabolic pathways. Both GG and FG polysaccharides regulated insulin resistance in mice by regulating PPAR signaling pathway so as to treat T2D. Additionally, Pueraria polysaccharides regulated the structure of gut microbiota and improved the diabetes-related metabolic pathway. Therefore, this study discovered the antidiabetic effects and potential mechanisms of Pueraria polysaccharides through multiple pathways involving gut microbiota and metabolites, providing a theoretical basis for further studies on their effects in the treatment of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - Hui Du
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, No. 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wanqian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, No. 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Shilin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, No. 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, No. 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, No. 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (H.O.); (R.L.)
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, China
- Correspondence: (H.O.); (R.L.)
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23
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Gao D, Cho CW, Kim JH, Kim CT, Jeong WS, Wang Y, Li X, Kang JS. Extraction and Concentration of Waste Pueraria lobata Stems with Antioxidants and Anti-Melanogenesis Activity as a Novel Skin Whitening Agent for Natural Cosmetic Prototypes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810352. [PMID: 36142265 PMCID: PMC9499008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The root of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) is used commercially in different products, including dietary supplements, cosmetics, and teas, but its stem part is rarely used and studied. Therefore, this study evaluated the antioxidant and anti-melanogenesis activities of the bioactive fraction of P. lobata stem and investigated whether the activated carbon decolorization technique would have an impact on its activity and chemical composition. We observed that the dichloromethane fraction of P. lobata stem (DCM-PLS) has excellent antioxidant and anti-melanin synthesis activity at a concentration of 50 μg/mL. For the investigation of the anti-melanogenesis mechanism, we evaluated the mRNA expression of tyrosinase, which was depressed by the DCM-PLS. Daidzin was identified as the main active ingredient in DCM-PLS by using a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-hyphenated with tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, the activated carbon decolorization technology has no negative impact on the main components and bioactivity of DCM-PLS. DCM-PLS also did not induce any skin response in the human skin safety test. Collectively, DCM-PLS could be used as a natural type of skin-whitening agent in skin care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chong-Woon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jin-Hyeok Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | | | - Ye Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiwen Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (J.-S.K.); Tel.: +86-10-8408-4107 (X.L.); +82-42-821-5928 (J.-S.K.)
| | - Jong-Seong Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (J.-S.K.); Tel.: +86-10-8408-4107 (X.L.); +82-42-821-5928 (J.-S.K.)
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24
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Mo C, Wu Z, Shang X, Shi P, Wei M, Wang H, Xiao L, Cao S, Lu L, Zeng W, Yan H, Kong Q. Chromosome-level and graphic genomes provide insights into metabolism of bioactive metabolites and cold-adaption of Pueraria lobata var. montana. DNA Res 2022; 29:6663990. [PMID: 35961033 PMCID: PMC9397507 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pueraria lobata var. montana (P. montana) belongs to the genus Pueraria and originated in Asia. Compared with its sister P. thomsonii, P. montana has stronger growth vigour and cold-adaption but contains less bioactive metabolites such as puerarin. To promote the investigation of metabolic regulation and genetic improvement of Pueraria, the present study reports a chromosome-level genome of P. montana with length of 978.59 Mb and scaffold N50 of 80.18 Mb. Comparative genomics analysis showed that P. montana possesses smaller genome size than that of P. thomsonii owing to less repeat sequences and duplicated genes. A total of 6,548 and 4,675 variety-specific gene families were identified in P. montana and P. thomsonii, respectively. The identified variety-specific and expanded/contracted gene families related to biosynthesis of bioactive metabolites and microtubules are likely the causes for the different characteristics of metabolism and cold-adaption of P. montana and P. thomsonii. Moreover, a graphic genome was constructed based on 11 P. montana accessions. Total 92 structural variants were identified and most of which are related to stimulus-response. In conclusion, the chromosome-level and graphic genomes of P. montana will not only facilitate the studies of evolution and metabolic regulation, but also promote the breeding of Pueraria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaohong Shang
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Pingli Shi
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Minghua Wei
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Sheng Cao
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Liuying Lu
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Wendan Zeng
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Huabing Yan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel. 86-13877165487. (H.Y.); Tel. 86-18942928088. (Q.K.)
| | - Qiusheng Kong
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel. 86-13877165487. (H.Y.); Tel. 86-18942928088. (Q.K.)
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Yue SY, Zhou RR, Nan TG, Huang LQ, Yuan Y. [Comparison of major chemical components in Puerariae Thomsonii Radix and Puerariae Lobatae Radix]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:2689-2697. [PMID: 35718488 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220117.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
For further development and utilization of the germplasm resources of Puerariae Thomsonii Radix and Puerariae Lobatae Radix, this study developed the ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS) method, high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method, and anthrone colorimetry to detect the content of 23 flavonoids, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, soluble sugar, and starch in Puerariae Thomsonii Radix and Puerariae Lobatae Radix. The content differences of various chemical components were analyzed. The methodological test of the established UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of flavonoids showed that each component had satisfactory linearity within the corresponding linear range(R~2≥0.995), and the average spiked recoveries were 94.48%-105.5%. With this method, 17 flavonoids in Puerariae Lobatae Radix and Puerariae Thomsonii Radix were detected. Based on HPLC and anthrone colorimetry, the determination methods of lignocellulose, soluble sugar, and starch were established. According to the determination results, the content of cellulose in Puerariae Thomsonii Radix was significantly lower than that in Puerariae Lobatae Radix, and the content of starch was significantly higher than that in Puerariae Lobatae Radix. The content of hemicellulose, lignin, and soluble sugar showed no significant difference between the two medicinals, and the content of soluble sugar was in highly significantly negative correlation with that of starch. The established methods are simple, rapid, accurate, and sensitive. The results can lay a basis for the evaluation, and comprehensive development and utilization of the germplasm resources of Puerariae Thomsonii Radix and Puerariae Lobatae Radix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yan Yue
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Daodi-herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Rong-Rong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Daodi-herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tie-Gui Nan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Daodi-herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Daodi-herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Daodi-herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
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Liu XY, Li XY, Chen X, Huang ZF, Liu YH, Liu YH, Chen Y, Tan ZH, Yi JH. [Pharmacokinetics of eight active ingredients of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Puerariae Lobatae Radix combination in rats]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2021; 46:6530-6541. [PMID: 34994146 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210506.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To reveal the rationality of compatibility of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(SMRR) and Puerariae Lobatae Radix(PLR) from the perspective of pharmacokinetics, this study established a UPLC-MS/MS method for quantitative determination of PLR flavonoids(3'-hydroxy puerarin, puerarin, puerarin 6″-O-xyloside, 3'-methoxy puerarin, puerarin apioside) and salvianolic acids and tanshinones(salvianolic acid B, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone Ⅱ_A) in plasma of rats. Rats were given SMRR extract, PLR extract, and SMRR-PLR extract by gavage and then plasma was collected at different time. UPLC separation was performed under the following conditions: Eclipse C_(18) column(2.1 mm×50 mm, 1.8 μm), 0.1% formic acid in water(A)-0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile(B) as mobile phase for gradient elution. Conditions for MS are as below: multiple reaction monitoring(MRM), ESI~(+/-). Comprehensive validation of the UPLC-MS/MS method(specifically, from the aspects of calibration curve, precision, accuracy, repeatability, stability, matrix effect, extract recovery) was performed and the result demonstrated that it complied with quantitative analysis requirements for biological samples. Compared with SMRR extract alone or PLR extract alone, SMRR-PLR extract significantly increased the AUC and C_(max) of PLR flavonoids and tanshinones in rat plasma, suggesting that the combination of SMRR and PLR promoted the absorption of the above components. The underlying mechanism needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences Chengdu 610041, China Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Li
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences Chengdu 610041, China Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Huang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yun-Hua Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zheng-Huai Tan
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jin-Hai Yi
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences Chengdu 610041, China Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000, China Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137, China
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Luo D, Dong X, Huang J, Huang C, Fang G, Huang Y. Pueraria lobata root polysaccharide alleviates glucose and lipid metabolic dysfunction in diabetic db/db mice. Pharm Biol 2021; 59:382-390. [PMID: 33794128 PMCID: PMC8018507 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1898648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi (Fabaceae) root extract can lower blood glucose levels; however, whether Pueraria lobata root polysaccharide (PLP) possesses these effects is still unknown. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the therapeutic effect of PLP on diabetic metabolic syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS The db/m mice were assigned to normal control group (NC), db/db mice were divided into four groups randomly (n = 8). The db/db mice received rosiglitazone (10 mg/kg BW) or PLP (100 or 200 mg/kg BW) via oral gavage for 6 weeks. Afterward, blood glucose, insulin, and glycogen content were assayed, and insulin tolerance test (ITT), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were performed. Glucose and lipid metabolism-related parameters and gene expression levels were assayed by ELISA and RT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS After treatment with HPLP, the values of body weight, epididymal fat, subcutaneous fat, fasting blood glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR decreased to 45.89 ± 1.66 g, 1.65 ± 0.14 g, 1.97 ± 0.16 g, 14.84 ± 1.52 mM, 9.35 ± 0.98 mU/L, and 5.56 ± 1.26, respectively; the levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, and FFA decreased to 1.67 ± 0.11 mmol/L, 6.23 ± 0.76 mmol/L, 1.29 ± 0.07 mmol/L, and 1.71 ± 0.16 mmol/L, respectively. HPLP down-regulated PEPCK, G6PC, FOXO1, SREBP-1, and ACC mRNA expression (p < 0.01), and up-regulated GS, Akt2, PI3K, GLUT2, PPARα, and LDLR mRNA expression in the liver (p < 0.01). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION PLP exerts antidiabetic effects via activating the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, thus improving insulin resistance, glucose, and lipid metabolism in db/db mice. Thus, PLP may be considered as a potential antidiabetic agent in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiaokang Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Health, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Huang
- Clinical Education Management Division, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Guowei Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yanqin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
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Shang X, Huang D, Wang Y, Xiao L, Ming R, Zeng W, Cao S, Lu L, Wu Z, Yan H. Identification of Nutritional Ingredients and Medicinal Components of Pueraria lobata and Its Varieties Using UPLC-MS/MS-Based Metabolomics. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216587. [PMID: 34770994 PMCID: PMC8588241 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pueraria lobata and its variety P. lobata var. thomsonii are both traditional Chinese medicines that have high nutritional and medical value; whereas another variety, P. lobata var. montana has low nutritional and medicinal value and can cause ecological disasters. The material basis of different nutritional and medicinal values, which are caused by metabolite differences among these varieties, remains to be further clarified. Here, we performed ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry based widely targeted metabolome analysis on Pueraria lobata, P. lobata var. thomsonii, and P. lobata var. montana. Among them, a total of 614 metabolites were identified, and distinguished from each other using orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. Our results suggest that the nutritional differences between P. lobata and its varieties can be explained by variations in the abundance of amino acids, nucleotides, saccharides, and lipids; differences in flavonoids, isoflavones, phenolic acids, organic acids, and coumarins contents caused the differences in the medicinal quality of P. lobata and its varieties. Additionally, the key metabolites responsible for the classification of the three Pueraria varieties were identified. This study provides new insights into the underlying metabolic causes of nutritional and medicinal variation in P. lobata and its varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Shang
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (W.Z.); (S.C.); (L.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Ding Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (D.H.); (R.M.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (W.Z.); (S.C.); (L.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Liang Xiao
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (W.Z.); (S.C.); (L.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Ruhong Ming
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (D.H.); (R.M.)
| | - Wendan Zeng
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (W.Z.); (S.C.); (L.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Sheng Cao
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (W.Z.); (S.C.); (L.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Liuying Lu
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (W.Z.); (S.C.); (L.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhengdan Wu
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (W.Z.); (S.C.); (L.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Huabing Yan
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (W.Z.); (S.C.); (L.L.); (Z.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-0771-3245407
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Song X, Dong H, Zang Z, Wu W, Zhu W, Zhang H, Guan Y. Kudzu Resistant Starch: An Effective Regulator of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2021; 2021:4448048. [PMID: 34691353 PMCID: PMC8528595 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4448048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Kudzu is a traditional medicinal dietary supplement, and recent research has shown its significant benefits in the prevention/treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Starch is one of the main substances in Kudzu that contribute decisively to the treatment of T2DM. However, the underlying mechanism of the hypoglycemic activity is not clear. In this study, the effect of Kudzu resistant starch supplementation on the insulin resistance, gut physical barrier, and gut microbiota was investigated in T2DM mice. The result showed that Kudzu resistant starch could significantly decrease the value of fasting blood glucose and the levels of total cholesterol, total triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein, as well as low-density lipoprotein, in the blood of T2DM mice. The insulin signaling sensitivity in liver tissue was analyzed; the result indicated that intake of different doses of Kudzu resistant starch can help restore the expression of IRS-1, p-PI3K, p-Akt, and Glut4 and thus enhance the efficiency of insulin synthesis. Furthermore, the intestinal microorganism changes before and after ingestion of Kudzu resistant starch were also analyzed; the result revealed that supplementation of KRS helps to alleviate and improve the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota caused by T2DM. These results validated that Kudzu resistant starch could improve the glucose sensitivity of T2DM mice by modulating IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/Glut4 signaling transduction. Kudzu resistant starch can be used as a promising prebiotic, and it also has beneficial effects on the gut microbiota structure of T2DM mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Song
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004 Nanchang, China
| | - Huanhuan Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004 Nanchang, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004 Nanchang, China
| | - Wenting Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004 Nanchang, China
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004 Nanchang, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004 Nanchang, China
| | - Yongmei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004 Nanchang, China
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Wang G, Luo P, Zhang S, Huang Q, Zhang S, Zeng Q, Mao J. Screening and Identification of Antidepressant Active Ingredients from Puerariae Radix Extract and Study on Its Mechanism. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2021; 2021:2230195. [PMID: 34539968 PMCID: PMC8445728 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2230195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Depression is a common mental disease with long course and high recurrence rate. Previous studies showed that Puerariae Radix and its extracts have powerful antidepressant effects in recent years. The study proposed an integrated strategy, combining network pharmacology and molecular pharmacology experiment to investigate the mechanisms of the antidepressant active ingredients from Puerariae Radix. Methods. TCMSP database, GeneCards database, Venny 2.1, UniProt database, STRING database, Cytoscape 3.7.2, and Metascape database were used to screen the active chemical components, antidepressant-related genes, and core targets, convert the abbreviated gene names in batch, search and predict the interaction between proteins, and construct the PPI network of Puerariae Radix. KEGG pathway and GO biological process enrichment and biological annotation were used to select antidepressant core gene targets. The MTT method was used to detect the effect of puerarin on the damage of PC12 cells induced by corticosterone. The DCFH-DA probe and ROS assay kit were utilized to detect the production of ROS in PC12 cells. PI/Annexin V was used to detect the apoptotic rate of puerarin on PC12 cells. Western blotting was used to verify the regulation of puerarin on the key targets of AKT1, FOS, CASP3, STAT3, and TNF-α in PC12 cells. Results and Conclusion. Eight main active components, 64 potential antidepressant gene targets, and 15 core antidepressant gene targets were obtained. 35 signaling pathways and 52 biological processes related to antidepressant effect of Puerariae Radix were identified. Puerarin was the active ingredient derived from Puerariae Radix which exhibited the antidepression effect by improving the viability of cell, reducing cell apoptosis, regulating ROS production, increasing protein expressions of AKT1 and FOS, and reducing protein expressions of CASP3, STAT3, and TNF-α. The study revealed the pharmacodynamic material basis and possible antidepressant mechanism of Puerariae Radix and provided new theoretical basis and ideas for antidepressant research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoze Wang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Peng Luo
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Qun Huang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Shuling Zhang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Qibing Zeng
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jingxin Mao
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Sun L, Jia H, Yu M, Yang Y, Li J, Tian D, Zhang H, Zou Z. Salvia miltiorrhiza and Pueraria lobata, two eminent herbs in Xin-Ke-Shu, ameliorate myocardial ischemia partially by modulating the accumulation of free fatty acids in rats. Phytomedicine 2021; 89:153620. [PMID: 34218216 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xin-Ke-Shu (XKS), a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, has been clinically proven to be effective for treatment of acute myocardial ischemia (AMI). Numerous studies underscore the important role of fatty acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of AMI. PURPOSE This study examined the relationship between free fatty acids (FFAs) and AMI and the contributions of individual herbs found in XKS to provide a basis for the study of the compatible principle of XKS. METHODS UFLC-MS/MS-based targeted metabolomics was performed to analyze the levels of 15 FFAs in the plasma and myocardium of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced AMI rats treated with XKS and the subtracted prescriptions of XKS. Electrocardiogram data, H&E staining, biochemical analysis and western blotting were assayed to illustrate the cardioprotection of XKS and its subtracted prescription in AMI. Correlation analysis was used to reveal the relationship between the levels of FFAs and overexpressed proteins/biochemical enzymes. RESULTS We found aberrant fatty acid metabolism in AMI rats. In both plasma and myocardium, the concentrations of most of quantified FFAs were significantly altered, whereas the concentrations of stearic acid and behenic acid were similar between the control and AMI groups. Correlation analysis revealed that palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid were potentially the most relevant FFAs to inflammatory and apoptotic proteins and CK-MB. Moreover, XKS effectively alleviated pathological alterations, FFA metabolism abnormity, inflammation and apoptosis found in the myocardium of AMI rats. Notably, the removal of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Pueraria lobata from XKS resulted in markedly regulation loss of cardioprotection during AMI, especially mediation loss of FFA metabolism. The other three herbs of XKS also played a role in improving AMI. CONCLUSION Fatty acid metabolism aberrance occurred during AMI. S. miltiorrhiza and P. lobata play vital roles in the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic action partially by regulating FFA levels. Our findings revealed potential novel clinical FFAs for predicting AMI and extended the insights into the compatible principle of XKS in which S. miltiorrhiza and P. lobata can potently modulate FFA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Hongmei Jia
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Meng Yu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yong Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Dong Tian
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Hongwu Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhongmei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Gao D, Kim JH, Kim CT, Jeong WS, Kim HM, Sim J, Kang JS. Evaluation of Anti-Melanogenesis Activity of Enriched Pueraria lobata Stem Extracts and Characterization of Its Phytochemical Components Using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158105. [PMID: 34360871 PMCID: PMC8348418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The root of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) is a widely used herbal medicine worldwide, whereas the stem of the plant is discarded or used as feed for livestock. To reuse and exploit the stem of P. lobata as a resource, we investigated its potential as a skin-whitening agent. We found that the developed, enriched P. lobata stem (PLS) extract significantly inhibited melanin production in the 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine-induced B16/F10 cells at a concentration of 50 μg/mL. To further confirm the mechanism of the antimelanogenic effect of the enriched PLS extracts, we examined the mRNA expression of tyrosinase, which was suppressed by the extracts. To standardize and implement effective quality control of the enriched PLS extracts, its major chemical constituents were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. In total, 12 constituents were identified. In silico analysis showed that the main constituents, puerarin and daidzin, had excellent binding affinities for human tyrosinase. Collectively, our results suggest that the PLS extracts could be used as anti-pigmentation agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (D.G.); (J.H.K.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Jin Hyeok Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (D.G.); (J.H.K.); (H.M.K.)
| | | | | | - Hyung Min Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (D.G.); (J.H.K.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Jaehoon Sim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (D.G.); (J.H.K.); (H.M.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (J.S.K.); Tel.: +82-42-821-5938 (J.S.); +82-42-821-5928 (J.S.K.)
| | - Jong Seong Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (D.G.); (J.H.K.); (H.M.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (J.S.K.); Tel.: +82-42-821-5938 (J.S.); +82-42-821-5928 (J.S.K.)
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Chulikhit Y, Sukhano W, Daodee S, Putalun W, Wongpradit R, Khamphukdee C, Umehara K, Noguchi H, Matsumoto K, Monthakantirat O. Effects of Pueraria candollei var mirifica (Airy Shaw and Suvat.) Niyomdham on Ovariectomy-Induced Cognitive Impairment and Oxidative Stress in the Mouse Brain. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113442. [PMID: 34198932 PMCID: PMC8201258 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of the phytoestrogen-enriched plant Pueraria mirifica (PM) extract on ovari-ectomy (OVX)-induced cognitive impairment and hippocampal oxidative stress in mice were investigated. Daily treatment with PM and 17β-estradiol (E2) significantly elevated cognitive behavior as evaluated by using the Y maze test, the novel object recognition test (NORT), and the Morris water maze test (MWM), attenuated atrophic changes in the uterus and decreased serum 17β-estradiol levels. The treatments significantly ameliorated ovariectomy-induced oxidative stress in the hippocampus and serum by a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA), an enhancement of superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity, including significantly down-regulated expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α proinflammatory cytokines, while up-regulating expression of PI3K. The present results suggest that PM extract suppresses oxidative brain damage and dysfunctions in the hippocampal antioxidant system, including the neuroinflammatory system in OVX animals, thereby preventing OVX-induced cognitive impairment. The present results indicate that PM exerts beneficial effects on cognitive deficits for which menopause/ovariectomy have been implicated as risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowared Chulikhit
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (W.S.); (S.D.); (R.W.)
| | - Wichitsak Sukhano
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (W.S.); (S.D.); (R.W.)
| | - Supawadee Daodee
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (W.S.); (S.D.); (R.W.)
| | - Waraporn Putalun
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (W.P.); (C.K.)
| | - Rakvajee Wongpradit
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (W.S.); (S.D.); (R.W.)
| | - Charinya Khamphukdee
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (W.P.); (C.K.)
| | - Kaoru Umehara
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Yada 52-1, Shi-zuoka-shi, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (K.U.); (H.N.)
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Kanagawa 245-0066, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Noguchi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Yada 52-1, Shi-zuoka-shi, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (K.U.); (H.N.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Kinzo Matsumoto
- Division of Medicinal Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;
| | - Orawan Monthakantirat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (W.S.); (S.D.); (R.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-4320-2305
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Rattanapisit K, Kitisripanya T, Konyanee A, Sae-Foo W, Burapapiruin A, Putalun W, Sakamoto S, Phoolcharoen W, Yusakul G. Plant-made antibody against miroestrol: a new platform for expression of full-length immunoglobulin G against small-molecule targets in immunoassays. Plant Cell Rep 2021; 40:723-733. [PMID: 33582859 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02670-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Plant expression platform is the new source of immunoglobulin G (IgG) toward small low-molecular-weight targets. The plant-made monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay exhibits comparable analytical performance with hybridoma antibody. Immunoassays for small molecules are efficiently applied for monitoring of serum therapeutic drug concentration, food toxins, environmental contamination, etc. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is usually produced using hybridoma cells, which requires complicated procedures and expensive equipment. Plants can act as alternative and economic hosts for IgG production. However, the production of free hapten (low-molecular-weight target)-recognizing IgG from plants has not been successfully developed yet. The current study aimed at creating a plant platform as an affordable source of IgG for use in immunoassays and diagnostic tools. The functional IgG was expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves infiltrated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 with recombinant geminiviral vectors (pBY3R) occupying chimeric anti-miroestrol IgG genes. The appropriate assembly between heavy and light chains was achieved, and the yield of expression was 0.57 µg/g fresh N. benthamiana leaves. The binding characteristics of the IgG to miroestrol and binding specificity to related compounds, such as isomiroestrol and deoxymiroestrol, were similar to those of hybridoma-produced IgG (monoclonal antibody, mAb). The plant-based mAbs exhibited high sensitivity for miroestrol (IC50, 23.2 ± 2.1 ng/mL), precision (relative standard deviation ≤ 5.01%), and accuracy (97.8-103% recovery), as determined using quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applicable to determine miroestrol in plant samples. Overall, the plant-produced functional IgG conserved the binding activity and specificity of the parent IgG derived from mammalian cells. Therefore, the plant expression system may be an efficient and affordable platform for the production of antibodies against low-molecular-weight targets in immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaewta Rattanapisit
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Atthaphon Konyanee
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Worapol Sae-Foo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Apisit Burapapiruin
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Waraporn Putalun
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Seiichi Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Waranyoo Phoolcharoen
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Gorawit Yusakul
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
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Satpathy S, Patra A, Hussain MD, Kazi M, Aldughaim MS, Ahirwar B. A fraction of Pueraria tuberosa extract, rich in antioxidant compounds, alleviates ovariectomized-induced osteoporosis in rats and inhibits growth of breast and ovarian cancer cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0240068. [PMID: 33444328 DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.21.305953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pueraria tuberosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) DC., known as Indian Kudzu belongs to family Fabaceae and it is solicited as "Rasayana" drugs in Ayurveda. In the present study, we analyzed the efficacy of an ethyl acetate fraction from the tuber extract of Pueraria tuberosa (fraction rich in antioxidant compounds, FRAC) against menopausal osteoporosis, and breast and ovarian cancer cells. The FRAC from Pueraria tuberosa was characterized for its phenolic composition (total phenolic and flavonoid amount). Antioxidant property (in vitro assays) of the FRAC was also carried out followed by the analysis of the FRAC for its antiosteoporotic and anticancer potentials. The antiosteoporotic activity of FRAC was investigated in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats. The cytotoxicity effect was determined in breast and ovarian cancer cells. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of the FRAC was performed to determine its various phytoconstituents. Docking analysis was performed to verify the interaction of bioactive molecules with estrogen receptors (ERs). The FRAC significantly improved various biomechanical and biochemical parameters in a dose-dependent manner in the ovariectomized rats. FRAC also controlled the increased body weight and decreased uterus weight following ovariectomy in rats. Histopathology of the femur demonstrated the restoration of typical bone structure and trabecular width in ovariectomized animals after treatment with FRAC and raloxifene. The FRAC also exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity in the breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and ovarian (SKOV-3) cancer cells. Furthermore, genistein and daidzein exhibited a high affinity towards both estrogen receptors (α and β) in the docking study revealing the probable mechanism of the antiosteoporotic activity. GC/MS analysis confirmed the presence of other bioactive molecules such as stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, and stigmasta-3,5-dien-7-one. The FRAC from Pueraria tuberosa has potential for treatment of menopausal osteoporosis. Also, the FRAC possesses anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swaha Satpathy
- Institute of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur, CG, India
| | - Arjun Patra
- Institute of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur, CG, India
| | - Muhammad Delwar Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Health Sciences University, Clovis, California, United States of America
| | - Mohsin Kazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Bharti Ahirwar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur, CG, India
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Xu X, Soumia C, Wang Y, Yan C. [High-efficiency separation and analysis of monosaccharides in Pueraria polysaccharides by pressurized capillary electrochromatography]. Se Pu 2020; 38:1323-1331. [PMID: 34213104 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2020.01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pueraria polysaccharides have been proven to possess biological activities such as bacteriostasis, anti-oxidative, anti-tumor, and immunity boosting activities. The variation in the structure, composition, and amount of monosaccharides in these polysaccharides may lead to different spatial structures and biological activities. Therefore, extraction of Pueraria polysaccharides and determination of the monosaccharide composition are of great significance for activity analysis and quality control. Direct detection of saccharides is difficult because they are strongly polar and do not show absorption in the ultraviolet region. At present, the commonly used methods for saccharide detection are liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection, gas chromatography-ultraviolet detection, and mass spectrometry. Pressurized capillary electrochromatography is a high-efficiency microseparation technology. In this study, two kinds of Pueraria polysaccharides were extracted by an ultrasonic-assisted method, and response surface methodology was performed to explore the conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Pueraria. The interaction effects of four factors, the liquid-solid ratio, ultrasonic extraction time, ultrasonic extraction temperature, and ultrasonic power, on the extraction rate of the polysaccharides were analyzed. By combining the optimal conditions predicted by the software and the actual equipment conditions, the optimal extraction conditions for Pueraria polysaccharides were chosen as follows:ultrasonic extraction temperature, 90℃; liquid-solid ratio of Pueraria thomsonii Benth, 20 mL/g; liquid-solid ratio of Pueraria lobata Ohwi, 40 mL/g; ultrasonic extraction time, 30 min; ultrasonic power, 180 W. Through data fitting, the multiple quadratic regression equation of the four factors on the extraction rate of Pueraria polysaccharides was established. A novel method based on pressurized capillary electrochromatography for the separation and analysis of eight neutral monosaccharides has been established. The monosaccharides were derivatized by the 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone pre-column derivatization method. The separation conditions for these monosaccharides were explored, and the buffer concentration, buffer pH, applied voltage, type of chromatographic column, and mobile phase ratio were optimized. Finally, the established pressurized capillary electrochromatography-ultraviolet detection method was applied to the detection and identification of two kinds of actual Pueraria polysaccharide samples. The results of response surface analysis showed that among the four experimental factors, ultrasonic extraction temperature had the greatest influence on the extraction rate of polysaccharides from the two kinds of Pueraria, followed by the liquid-solid ratio; the influence of the ultrasonic extraction time and ultrasonic power was relatively weak. The experimental conditions were determined as follows:the separation of eight neutral monosaccharide derivatives could be realized within 24 min on a Halo-2.7 μm core-shell C18 capillary column with acetonitrile-50 mmol/L ammonium acetate aqueous solution (18:82, v/v, pH 4.1) as the mobile phase, by detection at 250 nm under an applied voltage of-20 kV. The separation and detection speeds and the column efficiency achieved with this method were much better than those obtained with the traditional liquid chromatography method. The results show that the proposed method has a good linear relationship and good repeatability. The separation and identification results for the actual samples showed that the polysaccharides of Pueraria thomsonii Benth were mainly composed of glucose, mannose, rhamnose, and fucose in the molar ratio 1.00:0.16:0.14:0.07. The polysaccharides of Pueraria lobata Ohwi were mainly composed of glucose and mannose in the molar ratio 1.00:0.70. This study provides a novel method for the rapid and efficient separation and detection of neutral monosaccharides, and serves as a reference for analyzing the monosaccharide composition of Pueraria polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Cheddah Soumia
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chao Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Lertpatipanpong P, Janpaijit S, Park EY, Kim CT, Baek SJ. Potential Anti-Diabetic Activity of Pueraria lobata Flower (Flos Puerariae) Extracts. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173970. [PMID: 32878147 PMCID: PMC7504745 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pueraria lobata (Wild.) Ohwi. (P. lobata) flowers known as ‘Kudzu flower’ contain isoflavonoids and essential oil components. They have a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities, including protective effects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hyperglycemia, and hypolipidemia, anti-mutagenic effects, and benefits for weight loss. However, the molecular mechanism of these effects remains unclear. Our study aimed to systematically examine the effects of flos puerariae crude extract (FPE) as an anti-diabetic agent using in vitro assays. The cytotoxicity of FPE was evaluated using MTS assay in L6 rat myocyte and 3T3-L1 murine fibroblast cell lines. PPARγ binding activity and adipogenesis were examined using dual-luciferase and differentiation assays, respectively. For investigating the anti-diabetic activity, glucose utilization, including GLUT4 protein expression, glucose uptake assay, and GLUT4 translocation using immunofluorescence microscopy were conducted in L6 cells. Furthermore, we assessed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of FPE. Our results demonstrated the ability to augment glucose uptake in L6 cells and enhance glucose utilization activity by increasing the expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4). In summary, our findings suggest that FPE may be a potential anti-diabetic substance for the treatment of diabetic patients and can prevent inflammatory or oxidation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattawika Lertpatipanpong
- Laboratory of Signal transduction, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (P.L.); (S.J.)
| | - Sakawrat Janpaijit
- Laboratory of Signal transduction, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (P.L.); (S.J.)
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Age-Related Inflammation and Degeneration Research Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Eul-Yong Park
- R&D Center, EastHill Co. 33, Omokcheon-ro 132 beon-gil, Gwonseon-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16642, Korea; (E.-Y.P.); (C.-T.K.)
| | - Chong-Tai Kim
- R&D Center, EastHill Co. 33, Omokcheon-ro 132 beon-gil, Gwonseon-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16642, Korea; (E.-Y.P.); (C.-T.K.)
| | - Seung Joon Baek
- Laboratory of Signal transduction, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (P.L.); (S.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-880-1195
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Lee M, Park SJ, Moon YJ, In G, Kim JH, Kim SW, Lee MH, Kim OK. Combination of Sargassum fusiforme and Pueraria lobata Extracts Alleviates Postmenopausal Symptoms in Ovariectomized Rats. J Med Food 2020; 23:735-744. [PMID: 32460593 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen, produced mainly in the ovaries, plays a role in sexual development, metabolism, and bone formation. Thus, estrogen deficiency due to menopause can lead to overweight, dyslipidemia, and osteoporosis. In this study, we compared the effects of extracts of Sargassum fusiforme, Pueraria lobata, and their mixtures at various ratios on osteosarcoma SaOS-2 cells and investigated the effect of PS31 (P. lobata: S. fusiforme = 3:1, KGC02PS) on postmenopausal symptoms in ovariectomized rats. PS31 supplementation, as little as 100 mg/kg BW, effectively reduced ovariectomy-induced weight gain, and total triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations in serum. In addition, PS31 supplementation prevented bone density loss, inhibited bone resorption, and reduced the expression of catabolic factors in bone. However, PS31 supplementation did not affect uterus weight and expression of c-Jun and c-Fos, which suggests that the mechanism of action of PS31 is distinct from that of estrogen. Taken together, we demonstrated that PS31 supplementation alleviated postmenopausal symptoms, including overweight, dyslipidemia, and osteoporosis. Therefore, PS31 could be potentially used as food supplement to prevent postmenopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhee Lee
- Research Institute of Clinical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jeung Park
- Research Institute of Clinical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Jeong Moon
- Research Institute of Clinical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyo In
- Korea Ginseng Corporation Research Institute, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Han Kim
- Korea Ginseng Corporation Research Institute, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Kim
- Korea Ginseng Corporation Research Institute, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hyang Lee
- Korea Ginseng Corporation Research Institute, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Human Ecology Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Chen X, He Z, Wu X, Mao D, Feng C, Zhang J, Chen G. Comprehensive study of the interaction between Puerariae Radix flavonoids and DNA: From theoretical simulation to structural analysis to functional analysis. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 231:118109. [PMID: 32062512 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Puerariae Radix (PR) is a natural herb whose active ingredient is mainly flavonoids. To explore the interaction between PR flavonoids and DNA not only has important biological implications for understanding the mechanism of action, but also helps develop PR products for the design of appropriate dietary interventions to aid cancer treatment. In this work, we comprehensively studied the interaction between six kinds of PR flavonoids and DNA from four different and progressive levels, including molecular docking, multi-spectral analysis, and functional analysis in vitro and in cell. Results show that the DNA binding affinity of six flavonoids is in an order of quercetin > formononetin > daidzein > puerarin > 4'-methoxy puerarin > puerarin 6″-O-xyloside (POS), in which quercetin can significantly inhibit DNA amplification owing to its strongest binding affinity. The binding between quercetin and DNA is further revealed to be intercalated binding, which can cause conformational changes in DNA, thereby exhibiting an activity of cell cycle arrest and anti-proliferative. This property of quercetin can be utilized for the further development of flavonoids with anticancer activity. In addition to the potential application, this work also provides a platform for the comprehensive study of the interaction between micromolecules and DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China; Experimental Center for Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ziyu He
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xianyong Wu
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Mao
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chang Feng
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Guifang Chen
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China.
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Li Y, Wu Z, Wan N, Wang X, Yang M. Extraction of high-amylose starch from Radix Puerariae using high-intensity low-frequency ultrasound. Ultrason Sonochem 2019; 59:104710. [PMID: 31421611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-amylose starch is in great demand in the food industry due to its unique functional properties but has very limited source. In this study, high-amylose starch was successfully extracted from Radix Puerariae using ultrasound extraction. The effects of ultrasound intensity (15.29, 20.38, 22.93, 24.46 and 25.38 kW/m2) and frequency (20 and 45 kHz) on extraction kinetics, and chemical compositions, crystallinity, in vitro digestion behaviour and gelling properties of starches were investigated. It was shown that with the increasing intensity, the extraction rate and content of amylose increased, but for starch the extraction rate increased initially until reached a plateau at an intensity of 24.46 kW/m2. With the increasing low-frequency, the extraction rate and content of amylose increased, but the extraction rate of starch decreased. Based on statistical tests, the Logistic model was found to fit well to the extraction kinetics of amylose, and the Peleg model fit well to that of starch. The extraction yield of starch was not significantly affected by ultrasound conditions. The obtained starch has a high-purity with a content of more than 99% dry basis and an unchanged crystallinity. Moreover, the increased amylose content resulted in an increase of the content of slowly digestible starch, resistant starch, and gelling hardness. This study demonstrates that high-amylose starch can be obtained using ultrasound extraction from Radix Puerariae at high-intensity low-frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Zhenfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Na Wan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Xuecheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
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Jo MS, Yu JS, Lee JC, Lee S, Cho YC, Park HJ, Kim KH. Lobatamunsolides A-C, Norlignans from the Roots of Pueraria lobata and their Nitric Oxide Inhibitory Activities in Macrophages. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120755. [PMID: 31757072 PMCID: PMC6995531 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the methanol (MeOH) extract of Pueraria lobata roots, known as “kudzu”, combined with liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS)-based analysis, resulted in the identification of four norlignans (1–4), including three new norlignans, lobatamunsolides A–C (1–3), and five known isoflavonoids (5–9). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high resolution (HR)-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS), and their absolute configurations were determined by chemical reaction and quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. The isolated compounds (1–9) were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Compound 9 displayed the strongest NO inhibitory effect and compound 2 showed a weak effect. The potential mechanism of the effect of compound 9 was investigated by analysis of its molecular docking on the active site of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which showed the potential interactions of compound 9 with key amino acid residues and the heme cofactor of iNOS. The mechanism as the inhibition of transcriptional iNOS protein expression was confirmed by western blotting experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mun Seok Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (M.S.J.); (J.S.Y.); (J.C.L.); (H.-J.P.)
| | - Jae Sik Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (M.S.J.); (J.S.Y.); (J.C.L.); (H.-J.P.)
| | - Joo Chan Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (M.S.J.); (J.S.Y.); (J.C.L.); (H.-J.P.)
| | - Seoyoung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (S.L.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Young-Chang Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (S.L.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Hyun-Ju Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (M.S.J.); (J.S.Y.); (J.C.L.); (H.-J.P.)
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (M.S.J.); (J.S.Y.); (J.C.L.); (H.-J.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-290-7700
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Kong H, Wang S, Cheng J, Qu H, Zhao Y. Novel Carbon Dots Derived from Puerariae lobatae Radix and Their Anti-Gout Effects. Molecules 2019; 24:E4152. [PMID: 31744056 PMCID: PMC6891613 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gout is a disease with a high incidence and causing great harm, and the current treatment drugs are not satisfactory. In this study, novel water-soluble carbon dots (CDs) with anti-gout effect, named Puerariae lobatae Radix CDs (PLR-CDs), are reported. PLR-CDs were synthesized with an improved pyrolysis method at 300 °C, and their characterization was performed with multifaceted approaches, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In addition, the biocompatibility of PLR-CDs was studied using the cell counting kit (CCK)-8 in LO2 cells and RAW264.7 cells, and the anti-gout activity of PLR-CDs was examined on animal models of hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis. The characterization of PLR-CDs indicated that they were nearly spherical, with diameters ranging from 3.0 to 10.0 nm, and the lattice spacing was 0.283 nm. The toxicity experiment revealed that PLR-CDs were non-poisonous for LO2 cells and RAW264.7 cells at concentrations below 250 μg/mL. The results of pharmacodynamic experiments showed that PLR-CDs could lower the blood uric acid level in model rats by inhibiting the activity of xanthine oxidase and reduce the degree of swelling and pathological damage of gouty arthritis. Thus, PLR-CDs with anti-gout biological activity and good biocompatibility have the prospect of clinical application for the treatment of gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Wang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China; (X.W.); (M.Z.); (H.K.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China;
| | - Meiling Zhang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China; (X.W.); (M.Z.); (H.K.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Hui Kong
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China; (X.W.); (M.Z.); (H.K.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Suna Wang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China; (X.W.); (M.Z.); (H.K.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Jinjun Cheng
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China; (X.W.); (M.Z.); (H.K.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Huihua Qu
- Center of Scientific Experiment, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China;
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China; (X.W.); (M.Z.); (H.K.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
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Pongkitwitoon B, Boonsnongcheep P, Kitisripanya T, Yusakul G, Sakamoto S, Tanaka H, Morimoto S, Putalun W. Preparation of a highly specific single chain variable fragment antibody targeting miroestrol and its application in quality control of Pueraria candollei by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Phytochem Anal 2019; 30:600-608. [PMID: 31025473 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Miroestrol is the potent phytoestrogen isolated from White Kwao Krua (Pueraria candollei var. mirifica (Airy Shaw & Suvat.) Niyomdham, a Thai traditional medicinal plant. Nowadays, various health supplementary products featuring White Kwao Krua are available worldwide. A sensitive and rapid analytical method for quantification of miroestrol is necessary for quality control of these products. OBJECTIVES To prepare a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody specific to miroestrol and develop a scFv-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantitative analysis of miroestrol in plant materials and health supplementary products. METHODS A gene encoding anti-miroestrol scFv antibody was constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli SHuffle T7 strain. Anti-miroestrol scFv antibody was characterised and applied to ELISA. The developed scFv-based ELISA method was validated for its sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and precision. RESULTS Anti-miroestrol scFv antibody was highly specific to miroestrol. The scFv-based ELISA was applied to determine miroestrol in the range 0.06-7.81 μg/mL, with the limit of quantification of 0.06 μg/mL miroestrol. The accuracy of the assay was validated by its 95.08-103.99% recovery from the spiked miroestrol recovery experiment and in good correlation with the results from the monoclonal antibody-based ELISA. The relative standard deviation of the intra- and inter-assay were less than 6.0%. CONCLUSION The developed scFv-based ELISA was sensitive, specific, accurate, and precise for determination of miroestrol and useful for quality control of P. candollei plant raw materials and supplementary products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benyakan Pongkitwitoon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panitch Boonsnongcheep
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Research Group for Pharmaceutical Activities of Natural Products using Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (PANPB), National Research University Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Tharita Kitisripanya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Gorawit Yusakul
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Seiichi Sakamoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Waraporn Putalun
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Research Group for Pharmaceutical Activities of Natural Products using Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (PANPB), National Research University Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Buhlmann E, Horváth C, Houriet J, Kiehlmann E, Radtke J, Marcourt L, Wolfender JL, Wolfrum C, Schröder S. Puerariae lobatae root extracts and the regulation of brown fat activity. Phytomedicine 2019; 64:153075. [PMID: 31476558 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is one of the major health problems worldwide. The induction of brown adipocyte formation and activity represents a promising therapeutic option by increasing energy expenditure. Asian herbs have the potential to treat obesity, however, pharmacological effects should be well documented at the molecular level first. HYPOTHESIS A novel hypothesis-driven screening approach identified the root of Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Sanjappa & Pradeep (PLR) to have potential effects on obesity by stimulating brown adipocytes. STUDY DESIGN This study explored the metabolic effects of PLR water extract (PLRE) in a high-fat diet-induced obesity mouse model and characterized its secondary metabolite composition. METHODS Animals were orally treated daily for two weeks and the bioactivity of PLRE evaluated by measuring various parameters including body weight, circulating metabolites, energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity. The chemical composition of the mains components was obtained by HPLC-MS-ELSD-PDA. Based on the dereplication results and semi-quantitative estimation, pure molecules were selected for tests on adipocytes in vitro. RESULTS PLRE induces brown adipocyte activity and triggers the formation of brown-like cells in inguinal fat tissue, weight loss, and improved glucose metabolism. These effects are primarily caused by cell-autonomous activation of brown adipocytes and not by autonomic nervous system regulation. Even though the analysis of PLRE revealed puerarin as the most abundant secondary metabolite, it showed no effect on brown adipocyte formation and function. Brown adipocyte activity was induced dose-dependently by two other isoflavones, daidzein, and genistein. Daidzein is present in a very small amount in PLRE, but various glycosidic isoflavones, including puerarin, may release daidzein after metabolism. CONCLUSION This approach demonstrated the positive effects of PLRE on a diet-induced obesity mouse model and provided clues on the mode of action of PLRE at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Buhlmann
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Breitenfelder Straße 15, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carla Horváth
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Schorenstr. 16, CH-8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle Houriet
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1206 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Elke Kiehlmann
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Schorenstr. 16, CH-8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Janine Radtke
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Breitenfelder Straße 15, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laurence Marcourt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1206 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1206 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Schorenstr. 16, CH-8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Sven Schröder
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Breitenfelder Straße 15, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany.
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Chen H, Zhao X, Lv T, Qiu X, Luo L, Zhang M, Yang H, Chang X, Li P, Wu C, Xie D, Qian Y, Yang C. Compounds from the root of Pueraria peduncularis (Grah. ex Benth.) Benth. and their antimicrobial effects. Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75:2765-2769. [PMID: 30801938 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pueraria peduncularis belongs to the genus Pueraria DC, and has a wide range of medical and agricultural activities. Previous studies have shown that P. peduncularis extracts have broad bioactivities against phytopathogens. In this paper, we systematically studied the fungicidal activity of root methanol extracts and further isolated the active compounds. RESULTS The root methanol extract inhibited the mycelial growth of the five tested phytopathogens to different degrees. Among these phytopathogens, the inhibitory effect was greatest against R. solani, with an EC50 value of 324.72 mg L-1 . Eight compounds were subsequently isolated and identified from P. peduncularis. Among them, puercarpan A and medicarpin showed strong fungicidal activity, with MIC values against Rhizoctonia solani of 1.6 and 6.25 mg L-1 , respectively. Puercarpan A is a new compound, and its structure was established as (6aR,6bS,11aR)-6b-hydroxy-3-methoxypterocarpan-10-ene-7-one. CONCLUSION The P. peduncularis extracts exhibit high antimicrobial activity against R. solani and have great potential value of P. peduncularis as a fungicide. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabao Chen
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhao
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianxing Lv
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qiu
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liya Luo
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Chang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peili Li
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - ChuanLei Wu
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Deshan Xie
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Qian
- Shanghai Standard Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Chunping Yang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Heo SH, Song J, Kim BJ, Kim H, Chang DI. Rationale and design to assess the efficacy and safety of HT047 in patients with acute ischemic stroke: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, phase II trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17655. [PMID: 31651889 PMCID: PMC6824685 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Though several neuroprotective agents have been evaluated as potential treatments for acute ischemic stroke, none have demonstrated a definitive treatment efficacy, which remains elusive. HT047 is an herbal extract of Scutellaria baicalensis and Pueraria lobata, both of which have been widely used to treat ischemic stroke in traditional Korean medicine. The aims of this trial are to investigate whether HT047 can improve neurologic status, particularly motor function, in acute ischemic stroke patients, and to determine the safety of HT047. METHODS A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, 3-arm parallel group, phase II trial will be conducted in patients who have had an acute ischemic stroke within the past 14 days. The participating patients must have a Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) motor score ≤55, with arm or leg weakness, and Korean version of the National Institutes of Health Stroke scale (K-NIHSS) score of ≥4 and ≤15. Seventy-eight participants will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio and given high-dose HT047 (750 mg 3 times a day), low-dose HT047 (500 mg 3 times a day), or a placebo for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint is the change in FMA motor score between baseline and week 12. Secondary endpoints are as follows: the change in FMA motor score at weeks 4 and 8 from baseline; the change in FMA motor score at weeks 4, 8, and 12 from baseline according to the timing of treatment initiation (either within 1 week, or 1-2 weeks), or according to the presence of prognostic risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, etc); the change in K-NIHSS and Korean versions of the modified Rankin scale (K-mRS) and the modified Barthel index at weeks 4 and 12 from baseline; and the proportion of subjects at week 12 with a K-NIHSS score of 0 to 2, or with K-mRS scores of 0, ≤1, and ≤2. DISCUSSION This study is a 1st-in-human trial of HT047 to explore the efficacy and safety in acute ischemic stroke patients. The results will provide the appropriate dosage and evidence of therapeutic benefit of HT047 for stroke recovery. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02828540) Registered July 11, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyuk Heo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital
| | - Jungbin Song
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, Kyung Hee University College of Korean Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital
| | - Hocheol Kim
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, Kyung Hee University College of Korean Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Il Chang
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital
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Tousen Y, Takebayashi J, Kondo T, Fuchino H, Kawano N, Inui T, Yoshimatsu K, Kawahara N, Ishimi Y. Safety and Efficacy Assessment of Isoflavones from Pueraria (Kudzu) Flower Extract in Ovariectomised Mice: A Comparison with Soy Isoflavones. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122867. [PMID: 31212773 PMCID: PMC6627882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous Foods with Function Claims that contain the extract of Pueraria flower (kudzu) isoflavones (PFI) are available in the Japanese market. These are labelled with function claims of reducing visceral fat. However, these foods have not undergone proper safety assessment such as the evaluation of their oestrogenic activity and effects on drug-metabolising enzymes (cytochrome P-450: CYP) in the liver. This study evaluated the estrogenic effect and the hepatic CYP activity and mRNA expression in normal female mice as a safety assessment of PFI (Experiment 1). In addition, the bone mineral density and visceral fat weight in ovariectomised mice (OVX) compared to soy isoflavones (SI) was evaluated to assess the efficacy of PFI (Experiment 2). OVX control fed a control diet, OVX fed a PFI diet (the recommended human intake of PFI), OVX fed a PFI20 diet (20- times the recommended PFI), OVX fed an SI diet (the recommended human intake of SI), and OVX fed an SI20 diet (20 -times the recommended intake of SI) for 28 days in Experiment 2. Body, liver, and visceral fat weights were not affected by the PFI, PFI20, SI, or SI20 diets. The hepatic CYP1A and CYP3A activities were elevated by the SI20 treatment. Ovariectomy-induced bone loss was inhibited by the SI20 treatment, but not by the PFI20 treatment. These results suggest that (1) PFI intake in human doses had no oestrogenic properties and did not affect CYP activity in the liver; (2) there was no evidence that PFI affects the amount of visceral fat in OVX mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Tousen
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Jun Takebayashi
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Takashi Kondo
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Fuchino
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition,1-2 Hachimandai Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan.
| | - Noriaki Kawano
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition,1-2 Hachimandai Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Inui
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition,1-2 Hachimandai Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan.
| | - Kayo Yoshimatsu
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition,1-2 Hachimandai Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan.
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition,1-2 Hachimandai Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan.
| | - Yoshiko Ishimi
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, NODAI Research Institute, 1-1-1, Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
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Feng R, Chen JH, Liu CH, Xia FB, Xiao Z, Zhang X, Wan JB. A combination of Pueraria lobata and Silybum marianum protects against alcoholic liver disease in mice. Phytomedicine 2019; 58:152824. [PMID: 30836218 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess alcohol exposure leads to alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Pueraria lobata (PUE) and Silybum marianum (SIL) are two well-known hepatoprotective herbal remedies with various activities. The possible effect of combination of PUE and SIL on ALD has not been elucidated yet. PURPOSE We aimed to demonstrate that the combination of PUE and SIL prevents against alcoholic liver injury in mice using a model of chronic-plus-single-binge ethanol feeding. STUDY DESIGN Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8-10), namely the control group (CON), ethanol-induced liver injury group (ETH), 150 mg/kg PUE treated group (PUE), 60 mg/kg SIL treated group (SIL), 210 mg/kg PUE+SIL treatment group (PUE+SIL). Except control group, all animals were fed a modified Lieber-DeCarli ethanol liquid diet for 10 days. While, control group received Lieber-DeCarli control diet containing isocaloric maltose dextrin substituted for ethanol. On day 11, the mice orally received a single dose of 31.5% (v/v) ethanol (5 g/kg BW) or an isocaloric maltose solution. RESULTS Ethanol exposure caused liver injury, as demonstrated by remarkably increased plasma parameters, histopathological changes, the increased lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and inflammation in liver. These alterations were ameliorated by the treatments of PUE, SIL and PUE+SIL. While, the PUE+SIL treatment showed the most effective protection, which was associated with reducing alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis via upregulating LKB1/AMPK/ACC signaling, and inhibiting hepatic inflammation via LPS-triggered TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway. Our results also indicated that the hepatoprotective effects of SIL+PUE might mainly attribute to the protection of SIL and PUE alone in alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and hepatic inflammation, respectively. CONCLUSION These findings also suggest that the combination of PUE and SIL has a potential to be developed as a functional food for the management of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Jie-Hua Chen
- Nutrition and Health Research Centre, By-Health Co. LTD, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Fang-Bo Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuguang Zhang
- Nutrition and Health Research Centre, By-Health Co. LTD, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
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Yang L, Hu XP, Allan SA, Alborn HT, Bernier UR. Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of the Kudzu Bug, Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), to Volatile Compounds from Kudzu and Soybean Plants. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:4177-4183. [PMID: 30920823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria, is a key pest of soybean in the United States. Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of adult M. cribraria to kudzu and soybean volatile compounds were examined to identify semiochemicals used for host location. Headspace volatiles collected from undamaged potted plants were analyzed by gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD). Subsequently, six GC-EAD-active compounds were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). These six compounds, along with some previously reported insect attractants, were selected for electroantennogram (EAG) assays. The four chemicals that elicited the strongest EAG responses, 1-octen-3-ol, nonanal, benzaldehyde, and ocimene, were selected for evaluation in olfactometer bioassays. Both benzaldehyde and 1-octen-3-ol exhibited dose-dependent responses at higher concentration. Our results provide insight into host location compounds used by adult M. cribraria. These results may be evaluated in future field tests and ultimately useful to develop a semiochemical-based monitoring technique and integrated pest management program for M. cribraria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology , Auburn University , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Xing Ping Hu
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology , Auburn University , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Sandra A Allan
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary, Entomology , Gainesville , Florida 32608 , United States
| | - Hans T Alborn
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary, Entomology , Gainesville , Florida 32608 , United States
| | - Ulrich R Bernier
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Office of National Programs , Beltsville , Maryland 20705 , United States
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Lian D, Yuan H, Yin X, Wu Y, He R, Huang Y, Chen Y. Puerarin inhibits hyperglycemia-induced inter-endothelial junction through suppressing endothelial Nlrp3 inflammasome activation via ROS-dependent oxidative pathway. Phytomedicine 2019; 55:310-319. [PMID: 30385134 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies indicate that vascular complications are closely related to diabetes mellitus; in particular, inflammatory-mediated endothelial dysfunction plays a crucial role in diabetes-induced cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, exploring effective methods to suppress endothelial dysfunction via inhibition of inflammatory responses is imperative. Puerarin (Pu), a flavonoid common in Pueraria, has been widely and successfully used to treat cardiovascular diseases in China for many years. However, information on its protective properties in hyperglycemia-induced vascular complications is insufficient. Hypothesis/Purpose: In this study, we investigate the protective effects of puerarin against high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction and the underlying mechanism of the flavonoid. METHODS we investigated the protective effects of Pu against hyperglycemia-induced inter-endothelial junction by permeability and transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) assay. In addition, changes in the Nlrp3 inflammasome activation via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent oxidative pathway were investigated using western blot, immunofluorescence microscopy analyses and flow cytometry. ROS scavenger and Nlrp3 gene silencing were used to determine the roles of the ROS-Nlrp3 pathway involved in the molecular mechanism of Pu. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that puerarin inhibits high glucose-induced Nlrp3 inflammasome formation and activation, as shown by fluorescence confocal microscopy and Western blot. Puerarin decreases Nlrp3 protein, which is a critical factor necessary to form an inflammasome complex. We demonstrate that puerarin exerts anti-oxidation and ROS scavenged effects, similar to apocynin (APO). Interestingly, thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) protein and TXNIP binding to Nlrp3 markedly decreased with puerarin treatment. Together with these changes, puerarin could decrease high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release from mouse vascular endothelial cell (mMVECs). We also demonstrate the decreased expression of the tight junction proteins ZO-1/ZO-2, which are related to endothelial permeability after stimulation by high glucose in endothelial cells. Puerarin could recover the gap junction protein and decrease monolayer cell permeability in endothelial cells. In conclusion, we reveal a new protection mechanism of puerarin that inhibits Nlrp3 inflammasome activation and decreases subsequent caspase-1 activation, triggering the release of HMGB1 by reducing ROS generation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that puerarin exhibits immense potential and specific therapeutic value in hyperglycemia-related cardiovascular disease and the development of innovative drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Lian
- School of Pharmaceutical, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University Town, No. 232 Waihuan Dong Rd., Panyu District, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Huiqi Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University Town, No. 232 Waihuan Dong Rd., Panyu District, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Xiongzhang Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yanjiao Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University Town, No. 232 Waihuan Dong Rd., Panyu District, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Rongrong He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, No. 601W. Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, The school of Dental Medicine, Jinan University, No. 613W. Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University Town, No. 232 Waihuan Dong Rd., Panyu District, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510000, China.
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