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Wilson VD, Bommart S, Passerieux E, Thomas C, Pincemail J, Picot MC, Mercier J, Portet F, Arbogast S, Laoudj-Chenivesse D. Muscle strength, quantity and quality and muscle fat quantity and their association with oxidative stress in patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy: Effect of antioxidant supplementation. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 219:112-126. [PMID: 38574978 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify causes of quadriceps muscle weakness in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). To this aim, we evaluated quadriceps muscle and fat volumes by magnetic resonance imaging and their relationships with muscle strength and oxidative stress markers in adult patients with FSHD (n = 32) and healthy controls (n = 7), and the effect of antioxidant supplementation in 20 of the 32 patients with FSHD (n = 10 supplementation and n = 10 placebo) (NCT01596803). Compared with healthy controls, the dominant quadriceps strength and quality (muscle strength per unit of muscle volume) were decreased in patients with FSHD. In addition, fat volume was increased, without changes in total muscle volume. Moreover, in patients with FSHD, the lower strength of the non-dominant quadriceps was associated with lower muscle quality compared with the dominant muscle. Antioxidant supplementation significantly changed muscle and fat volumes in the non-dominant quadriceps, and muscle quality in the dominant quadriceps. This was associated with improved muscle strength (both quadriceps) and antioxidant response. These findings suggest that quadriceps muscle strength decline may not be simply explained by atrophy and may be influenced also by the muscle intrinsic characteristics. As FSHD is associated with increased oxidative stress, supplementation might reduce oxidative stress and increase antioxidant defenses, promoting changes in muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Dias Wilson
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Centro Universitário Estácio de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Sébastien Bommart
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Department of Radiology, CHU of Montpellier, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, 34090, Montpellier, France.
| | - Emilie Passerieux
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
| | - Claire Thomas
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France; LBEPS, Univ Evry, IRBA, University Paris Saclay, 91025, Evry, France.
| | - Joël Pincemail
- Department of CREDEC, Department of Medical Chemistry, University Hospital of Liege, Sart Tilman, Liege, Belgium.
| | - Marie Christine Picot
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University Hospital, Montpellier, France; CIC 1001-INSERM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Jacques Mercier
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Physiology, CHU of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Florence Portet
- Department of Clinical Physiology, CHU of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; U1061 INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier University, France.
| | - Sandrine Arbogast
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
| | - Dalila Laoudj-Chenivesse
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Physiology, CHU of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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Deyhle MR, Tiede D, Xin L, Hyldahl RD, Hubal MJ. Common Markers of Muscle Damage Are Associated with Divergent Gene Expression Patterns after Eccentric Contractions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:1108-1117. [PMID: 38294822 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Unaccustomed eccentric (ECC) exercise evokes exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). Soreness, strength loss, and serum creatine kinase (CK) are often used to quantify EIMD severity. However, changes in these markers are not fully understood mechanistically. To test the hypothesis that muscle damage markers are associated with unique molecular processes, we correlated gene expression responses with variation in each marker post-ECC. METHODS Vastus lateralis biopsies were collected from 35 young men 3 h post-ECC (10 sets of 10 maximal eccentric contractions; contralateral leg [CON] as control). Maximal isometric strength, soreness, and serum CK activity were assessed 24 h preexercise and every 24 h for 5 d post-ECC. Strength was also measured 10 min post-ECC. Over the 5 d after ECC, average peak strength loss was 51.5 ± 20%; average soreness increased from 0.9 ± 1.9 on a 100-mm visual analog scale to 39 ± 19; serum CK increased from 160 ± 130 to 1168 ± 3430 U·L -1 . Muscle RNA was used to generate gene expression profiles. Partek Genomics Suite correlated peak values of soreness, strength loss, and CK post-ECC with gene expression in ECC (relative to paired CON) using Pearson linear correlation ( P < 0.05) and repeated-measures ANOVA used to detect influence of ECC. RESULTS After ECC, 2677 genes correlated with peak soreness, 3333 genes with peak strength loss, and 3077 genes with peak CK. Less than 1% overlap existed across all markers (16/9087). Unique genes included 2346 genes for peak soreness, 3032 genes for peak strength loss, and 2937 genes for peak CK. CONCLUSIONS The largely unique molecular pathways associated with common indirect markers of EIMD indicate that each marker of "damage" represents unique mechanistic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dakota Tiede
- Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis IN
| | - Ling Xin
- Exercise Science Program, Biology Department, Simmons University, Boston, MA
| | - Robert D Hyldahl
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo UT
| | - Monica J Hubal
- Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis IN
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Flodin J, Reitzner SM, Emanuelsson EB, Sundberg CJ, Ackermann P. The effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on the human skeletal muscle transcriptome. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14129. [PMID: 38459757 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
AIM The influence on acute skeletal muscle transcriptomics of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), as compared to established exercises, is poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the effects on global mRNA-expression in the quadriceps muscle early after a single NMES-session, compared to the effects of voluntary knee extension exercise (EX), and to explore the discomfort level. METHODS Global vastus lateralis muscle gene expression was assessed (RNA-sequencing) in 30 healthy participants, before and 3 h after a 30-min session of NMES and/or EX. The NMES-treatment was applied using textile electrodes integrated in pants and set to 20% of each participant's pre-tested MVC mean (±SD) 200 (±80) Nm. Discomfort was assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS, 0-10). The EX-protocol was performed at 80% of 1-repetition-maximum. RESULTS NMES at 20% of MVC resulted in VAS below 4 and induced 4448 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with 80%-overlap of the 2571 DEGs of EX. Genes well-known to be up-regulated following exercise, for example, PPARGC1A, ABRA, VEGFA, and GDNF, were also up-regulated by NMES. Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated many common pathways after EX and NMES. Also, some pathways were exclusive to either EX, for example, muscle tissue proliferation, or to NMES, for example, neurite outgrowth and connective tissue proliferation. CONCLUSION A 30-min NMES-session at 20% of MVC with NMES-pants, which can be applied with an acceptable level of discomfort, induces over 4000 DEGs, of which 80%-overlap with DEGs of EX. NMES can induce exercise-like molecular effects, that potentially can lead to health and performance benefits in individuals who are unable to perform resistance exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Flodin
- Integrative Orthopedic Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Trauma, Acute Surgery and Orthopedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan M Reitzner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric B Emanuelsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carl Johan Sundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Paul Ackermann
- Integrative Orthopedic Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Trauma, Acute Surgery and Orthopedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Trappe TA, Minchev K, Perkins RK, Lavin KM, Jemiolo B, Ratchford SM, Claiborne A, Lee GA, Finch WH, Ryder JW, Ploutz-Snyder L, Trappe SW. NASA SPRINT exercise program efficacy for vastus lateralis and soleus skeletal muscle health during 70 days of simulated microgravity. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:1015-1039. [PMID: 38328821 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00489.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of the NASA SPRINT exercise countermeasures program for quadriceps (vastus lateralis) and triceps surae (soleus) skeletal muscle health was investigated during 70 days of simulated microgravity. Individuals completed 6° head-down-tilt bedrest (BR, n = 9), bedrest with resistance and aerobic exercise (BRE, n = 9), or bedrest with resistance and aerobic exercise and low-dose testosterone (BRE + T, n = 8). All groups were periodically tested for muscle (n = 9 times) and aerobic (n = 4 times) power during bedrest. In BR, surprisingly, the typical bedrest-induced decrements in vastus lateralis myofiber size and power were either blunted (myosin heavy chain, MHC I) or eliminated (MHC IIa), along with no change (P > 0.05) in %MHC distribution and blunted quadriceps atrophy. In BRE, MHC I (vastus lateralis and soleus) and IIa (vastus lateralis) contractile performance was maintained (P > 0.05) or increased (P < 0.05). Vastus lateralis hybrid fiber percentage was reduced (P < 0.05) and energy metabolism enzymes and capillarization were generally maintained (P > 0.05), while not all of these positive responses were observed in the soleus. Exercise offsets 100% of quadriceps and approximately two-thirds of soleus whole muscle mass loss. Testosterone (BRE + T) did not provide any benefit over exercise alone for either muscle and for some myocellular parameters appeared detrimental. In summary, the periodic testing likely provided a partial exercise countermeasure for the quadriceps in the bedrest group, which is a novel finding given the extremely low exercise dose. The SPRINT exercise program appears to be viable for the quadriceps; however, refinement is needed to completely protect triceps surae myocellular and whole muscle health for astronauts on long-duration spaceflights.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study provides unique exercise countermeasures development information for astronauts on long-duration spaceflights. The NASA SPRINT program was protective for quadriceps myocellular and whole muscle health, whereas the triceps surae (soleus) was only partially protected as has been shown with other programs. The bedrest control group data may provide beneficial information for overall exercise dose and targeting fast-twitch muscle fibers. Other unique approaches for the triceps surae are needed to supplement existing exercise programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Kiril Minchev
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Ryan K Perkins
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Kaleen M Lavin
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Bozena Jemiolo
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Stephen M Ratchford
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Alex Claiborne
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Gary A Lee
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - W Holmes Finch
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Jeffrey W Ryder
- Universities Space Research Association, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Lori Ploutz-Snyder
- Universities Space Research Association, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Scott W Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
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Cody N, Bradbury I, McMullan RR, Quinn G, O'Neill A, Ward K, McCann J, McAuley DF, Silversides JA. Physiologic Determinants of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy-Derived Cerebral and Tissue Oxygen Saturation Measurements in Critically Ill Patients. Crit Care Explor 2024; 6:e1094. [PMID: 38727717 PMCID: PMC11090623 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000001094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a potentially valuable modality to monitor the adequacy of oxygen delivery to the brain and other tissues in critically ill patients, but little is known about the physiologic determinants of NIRS-derived tissue oxygen saturations. The purpose of this study was to assess the contribution of routinely measured physiologic parameters to tissue oxygen saturation measured by NIRS. DESIGN An observational sub-study of patients enrolled in the Role of Active Deresuscitation After Resuscitation-2 (RADAR-2) randomized feasibility trial. SETTING Two ICUs in the United Kingdom. PATIENTS Patients were recruited for the RADAR-2 study, which compared a conservative approach to fluid therapy and deresuscitation with usual care. Those included in this sub-study underwent continuous NIRS monitoring of cerebral oxygen saturations (SctO2) and quadriceps muscle tissue saturations (SmtO2). INTERVENTION Synchronized and continuous mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and pulse oximetry (oxygen saturation, Spo2) measurements were recorded alongside NIRS data. Arterial Paco2, Pao2, and hemoglobin concentration were recorded 12 hourly. Linear mixed effect models were used to investigate the association between these physiologic variables and cerebral and muscle tissue oxygen saturations. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Sixty-six patients were included in the analysis. Linear mixed models demonstrated that Paco2, Spo2, MAP, and HR were weakly associated with SctO2 but only explained 7.1% of the total variation. Spo2 and MAP were associated with SmtO2, but together only explained 0.8% of its total variation. The remaining variability was predominantly accounted for by between-subject differences. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that only a small proportion of variability in NIRS-derived cerebral and tissue oximetry measurements could be explained by routinely measured physiologic variables. We conclude that for NIRS to be a useful monitoring modality in critical care, considerable further research is required to understand physiologic determinants and prognostic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Cody
- Intensive Care Department, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Ian Bradbury
- Independent Consulting Statistician, Aviemore, Scotland
| | - Ross R McMullan
- Intensive Care Department, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Gerard Quinn
- Intensive Care Department, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Aisling O'Neill
- Intensive Care Department, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Kathryn Ward
- Intensive Care Department, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Justine McCann
- Intensive Care Department, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Daniel F McAuley
- Intensive Care Department, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Jonathan A Silversides
- Intensive Care Department, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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Ruple BA, Mattingly ML, Godwin JS, McIntosh MC, Kontos NJ, Agyin-Birikorang A, Michel JM, Plotkin DL, Chen SY, Ziegenfuss TN, Fruge AD, Gladden LB, Robinson AT, Mobley CB, Mackey AL, Roberts MD. The effects of resistance training on denervated myofibers, senescent cells, and associated protein markers in middle-aged adults. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23621. [PMID: 38651653 PMCID: PMC11047210 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302103rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Denervated myofibers and senescent cells are hallmarks of skeletal muscle aging. However, sparse research has examined how resistance training affects these outcomes. We investigated the effects of unilateral leg extensor resistance training (2 days/week for 8 weeks) on denervated myofibers, senescent cells, and associated protein markers in apparently healthy middle-aged participants (MA, 55 ± 8 years old, 17 females, 9 males). We obtained dual-leg vastus lateralis (VL) muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA), VL biopsies, and strength assessments before and after training. Fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA), satellite cells (Pax7+), denervated myofibers (NCAM+), senescent cells (p16+ or p21+), proteins associated with denervation and senescence, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) proteins were analyzed from biopsy specimens. Leg extensor peak torque increased after training (p < .001), while VL mCSA trended upward (interaction p = .082). No significant changes were observed for Type I/II fCSAs, NCAM+ myofibers, or senescent (p16+ or p21+) cells, albeit satellite cells increased after training (p = .037). While >90% satellite cells were not p16+ or p21+, most p16+ and p21+ cells were Pax7+ (>90% on average). Training altered 13 out of 46 proteins related to muscle-nerve communication (all upregulated, p < .05) and 10 out of 19 proteins related to cellular senescence (9 upregulated, p < .05). Only 1 out of 17 SASP protein increased with training (IGFBP-3, p = .031). In conclusion, resistance training upregulates proteins associated with muscle-nerve communication in MA participants but does not alter NCAM+ myofibers. Moreover, while training increased senescence-related proteins, this coincided with an increase in satellite cells but not alterations in senescent cell content or SASP proteins. These latter findings suggest shorter term resistance training is an unlikely inducer of cellular senescence in apparently healthy middle-aged participants. However, similar study designs are needed in older and diseased populations before definitive conclusions can be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - J. Max Michel
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Abigail L. Mackey
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ye H, Long Y, Yang JM, Wu YL, Dong LY, Zhong YB, Luo Y, Wang MY. Curcumin regulates autophagy through SIRT3-SOD2-ROS signaling pathway to improve quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy in KOA rat model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8176. [PMID: 38589505 PMCID: PMC11001965 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58375-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) usually leads to quadriceps femoris atrophy, which in turn can further aggravate the progression of KOA. Curcumin (CUR) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and has been shown to be a protective agent for skeletal muscle. CUR has been shown to have a protective effect on skeletal muscle. However, there are no studies related to whether CUR improves KOA-induced quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy. We established a model of KOA in rats. Rats in the experimental group were fed CUR for 5 weeks. Changes in autophagy levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and changes in the expression of the Sirutin3 (SIRT3)-superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) pathway were detected in the quadriceps femoris muscle of rats. KOA led to quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy, in which autophagy was induced and ROS levels were increased. CUR increased SIRT3 expression, decreased SOD2 acetylation and ROS levels, inhibited the over-activation of autophagy, thereby alleviating quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy and improving KOA. CUR has a protective effect against quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy, and KOA is alleviated after improvement of quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy, with the possible mechanism being the reduction of ROS-induced autophagy via the SIRT3-SOD2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Ye
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, 128 Jinling Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Long
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, 128 Jinling Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jia-Ming Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, 128 Jinling Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yan-Lin Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, 128 Jinling Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ling-Yan Dong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, 128 Jinling Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yan-Biao Zhong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, 128 Jinling Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
- Ganzhou Intelligent Rehabilitation Technology Innovation Center, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, 128 Jinling Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Mao-Yuan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, 128 Jinling Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
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Schytz CT, Ørtenblad N, Gejl KD, Nielsen J. Differential utilisation of subcellular skeletal muscle glycogen pools: a comparative analysis between 1 and 15 min of maximal exercise. J Physiol 2024; 602:1681-1702. [PMID: 38502562 DOI: 10.1113/jp285762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In skeletal muscle, glycogen particles are distributed both within and between myofibrils, as well as just beneath the sarcolemma. Their precise localisation may influence their degradation rate. Here, we investigated how exercise at different intensities and durations (1- and 15-min maximal exercise) with known variations in glycogenolytic rate and contribution from anaerobic metabolism affects utilisation of the distinct pools. Furthermore, we investigated how decreased glycogen availability achieved through lowering carbohydrate and energy intake after glycogen-depleting exercise affect the storage of glycogen particles (size, numerical density, localisation). Twenty participants were divided into two groups performing either a 1-min (n = 10) or a 15-min (n = 10) maximal cycling exercise test. In a randomised, counterbalanced, cross-over design, the exercise tests were performed following short-term consumption of two distinct diets with either high or moderate carbohydrate content (10 vs. 4 g kg-1 body mass (BM) day-1) mediating a difference in total energy consumption (240 vs. 138 g kg-1 BM day-1). Muscle biopsies from m. vastus lateralis were obtained before and after the exercise tests. Intermyofibrillar glycogen was preferentially utilised during the 1-min test, whereas intramyofibrillar glycogen was preferentially utilised during the 15-min test. Lowering carbohydrate and energy intake after glycogen-depleting exercise reduced glycogen availability by decreasing particle size across all pools and diminishing numerical density in the intramyofibrillar and subsarcolemmal pools. In conclusion, distinct subcellular glycogen pools were differentially utilised during 1-min and 15-min maximal cycling exercise. Additionally, lowered carbohydrate and energy consumption after glycogen-depleting exercise altered glycogen storage by reducing particle size and numerical density, depending on subcellular localisation. KEY POINTS: In human skeletal muscle, glycogen particles are localised in distinct subcellular compartments, referred to as intermyofibrillar, intramyofibrillar and subsarcolemmal pools. The intermyofibrillar and subsarcolemmal pools are close to mitochondria, while the intramyofibrillar pool is at a distance from mitochondria. We show that 1 min of maximal exercise is associated with a preferential utilisation of intermyofibrillar glycogen, and, on the other hand, that 15 min of maximal exercise is associated with a preferential utilisation of intramyofibrillar glycogen. Furthermore, we demonstrate that reduced glycogen availability achieved through lowering carbohydrate and energy intake after glycogen-depleting exercise is characterised by a decreased glycogen particle size across all compartments, with the numerical density only diminished in the intramyofibrillar and subsarcolemmal compartments. These results suggest that exercise intensity influences the subcellular pools of glycogen differently and that the dietary content of carbohydrates and energy is linked to the size and subcellular distribution of glycogen particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Tvede Schytz
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Niels Ørtenblad
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kasper Degn Gejl
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Joachim Nielsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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9
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Cha M, Bak H, Lee BH, Jang JH. Alleviation of peripheral sensitization by quadriceps insertion of cog polydioxanone filaments in knee osteoarthritis rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 698:149549. [PMID: 38266311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
A recently established therapeutic strategy, involving the insertion of biodegradable cog polydioxanone filaments into the quadriceps muscles using the Muscle Enhancement and Support Therapy (MEST) device, has demonstrated significant efficacy in alleviating knee osteoarthritis (OA) pain. This study investigated changes in peripheral sensitization as the potential mechanism underlying MEST-induced pain relief in monoiodoacetate (MIA) induced OA rats. The results revealed that MEST treatment potently reduces MIA-induced sensitization of L3/L4 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, the primary nociceptor pathway for the knee joint. This reduction in DRG sensitization, as elucidated by voltage-sensitive dye imaging, is accompanied by a diminished overexpression of TRPA1 and NaV1.7, key nociceptor receptors involved in mechanical pain perception. Importantly, these observed alterations strongly correlate with a decrease in mechanically-evoked pain behaviors, providing compelling neurophysiological evidence that MEST treatment alleviates OA pain by suppressing peripheral sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeounghoon Cha
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Heyji Bak
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Bae Hwan Lee
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Ho Jang
- R&D Center, OV MEDI Co., Ltd., Gongdan-ro, Gunpo, Gyeonggi-do, 15847, Republic of Korea.
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Costalat G, Lemaitre F, Ramos S, Renshaw GMC. Intermittent normobaric hypoxia alters substrate partitioning and muscle oxygenation in individuals with obesity: implications for fat burning. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2024; 326:R147-R159. [PMID: 38047315 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00153.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
This single-blind, crossover study aimed to measure and evaluate the short-term metabolic responses to continuous and intermittent hypoxic patterns in individuals with obesity. Indirect calorimetry was used to quantify changes in resting metabolic rate (RMR), carbohydrate (CHOox, %CHO), and fat oxidation (FATox, %FAT) in nine individuals with obesity pre and post: 1) breathing normoxic air [normoxic sham control (NS-control)], 2) breathing continuous hypoxia (CH), or 3) breathing intermittent hypoxia (IH). A mean peripheral oxygen saturation ([Formula: see text]) of 80-85% was achieved over a total of 45 min of hypoxia. Throughout each intervention, pulmonary gas exchanges, oxygen consumption (V̇o2) carbon dioxide production (V̇co2), and deoxyhemoglobin concentration (Δ[HHb]) in the vastus lateralis were measured. Both RMR and CHOox measured pre- and postinterventions were unchanged following each treatment: NS-control, CH, or IH (all P > 0.05). Conversely, a significant increase in FATox was evident between pre- and post-IH (+44%, P = 0.048). Although the mean Δ[HHb] values significantly increased during both IH and CH (P < 0.05), the greatest zenith of Δ[HHb] was achieved in IH compared with CH (P = 0.002). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between Δ[HHb] and the shift in FATox measured pre- and postintervention. It is suggested that during IH, the increased bouts of muscle hypoxia, revealed by elevated Δ[HHb], coupled with cyclic periods of excess posthypoxia oxygen consumption (EPHOC, inherent to the intermittent pattern) played a significant role in driving the increase in FATox post-IH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Costalat
- Adaptations Physiologiques à l'Exercice et Réadaptation à l'Effort Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Frederic Lemaitre
- Centre d'Etude des Transformations des Activités Physiques et Sportives Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Centre de Recherche Insulaire et Observatoire de l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Sandra Ramos
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gillian M C Renshaw
- Hypoxia and Ischemia Research Unit, School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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11
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Dideriksen K, Reitelseder S, Boesen AP, Zillmer M, Agergaard J, Kjaer M, Holm L. Lower basal and postprandial muscle protein synthesis after 2 weeks single-leg immobilization in older men: No protective effect of anti-inflammatory medication. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15958. [PMID: 38406891 PMCID: PMC10895449 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Muscle inactivity may reduce basal and postprandial muscle protein synthesis (MPS) rates in humans. Anti-inflammatory treatment alleviates the MPS impairments in younger individuals. The present study explored the influence of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) upon MPS during a period of inactivity in older humans. Eighteen men (age 60-80 years) were allocated to ibuprofen (1200 mg/day, Ibu) or control (Plc) groups. One lower limb was cast immobilized for 2 weeks. Postabsorptive and postprandial MPS was measured before and after the immobilization by L-[ring-13 C6 ]-phenylalanine infusion. The protein expression of select anabolic signaling molecules was investigated by western blot. Basal (0.038 ± 0.002%/h and 0.039 ± 0.005%/h, Plc and Ibu, respectively) and postprandial (0.064 ± 0.004%/h and 0.067 ± 0.010%/h, Plc and Ibu, respectively) MPS rate were higher pre-immobilization compared to basal (0.019 ± 0.005%/h and 0.020 ± 0.010%/h, Plc and Ibu, respectively) and postprandial (0.033 ± 0.005%/h and 0.037 ± 0.006%/h, Plc and Ibu, respectively) MPS rate post-immobilization (p < 0.001). NSAID treatment did not affect the suppression of MPS (p > 0.05). The anabolic signaling were in general reduced after immobilization (p < 0.05). These changes were unaffected by NSAID treatment (p > 0.05). Basal and postprandial MPS dropped markedly after 2 weeks of lower limb immobilization. NSAID treatment neither influenced the reduction in MPS nor the anabolic signaling after immobilization in healthy older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Dideriksen
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Reitelseder
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A P Boesen
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Zillmer
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Agergaard
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Kjaer
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Holm
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Knudsen CB, Nielsen J, Ørtenblad N, Mohr M, Overgaard K, Vigh-Larsen JF. No net utilization of intramuscular lipid droplets during repeated high-intensity intermittent exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 325:E700-E710. [PMID: 37877795 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00298.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Intramuscular lipids are stored as subsarcolemmal or intramyofibrillar droplets with potential diverse roles in energy metabolism. We examined intramuscular lipid utilization through transmission electron microscopy during repeated high-intensity intermittent exercise, an aspect that is hitherto unexplored. Seventeen moderately to well-trained males underwent three periods (EX1-EX3) of 10 × 45-s high-intensity cycling [∼100%-120% Wattmax (Wmax)] combined with maximal repeated sprints (∼250%-300% Wmax). M. vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained at baseline, after EX1, and EX3. During the complete exercise session, no net decline in either subsarcolemmal or intermyofibrillar lipid volume density occurred. However, a temporal relationship emerged for subsarcolemmal lipids with an ∼11% increase in droplet size after EX1 (P = 0.024), which reverted to baseline levels after EX3 accompanied by an ∼30% reduction in the numerical density of subsarcolemmal lipid droplets compared with both baseline (P = 0.019) and after EX1 (P = 0.018). Baseline distinctions were demonstrated with an approximately twofold higher intermyofibrillar lipid volume in type 1 versus type 2 fibers (P = 0.008), mediated solely by a higher number rather than the size of lipid droplets (P < 0.001). No fiber-type-specific differences were observed in subsarcolemmal lipid volume although type 2 fibers exhibited ∼17% larger droplets (P = 0.034) but a lower numerical density (main effect; P = 0.010) including 3% less droplets at baseline. Collectively, these findings suggest that intramuscular lipids do not serve as an important substrate during high-intensity intermittent exercise; however, the repeated exercise pattern mediated a temporal remodeling of the subsarcolemmal lipid pool. Furthermore, fiber-type- and compartment-specific differences were found at baseline underscoring the heterogeneity in lipid droplet deposition.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Undertaking a severe repeated high-intensity intermittent exercise protocol led to no net decline in neither subsarcolemmal nor intermyofibrillar lipid content in the thigh muscle of young moderately to well-trained participants. However, a temporal remodeling of the subsarcolemmal pool of lipid droplets did occur indicative of potential transient lipid accumulation. Moreover, baseline fiber-type distinctions in subcellular lipid droplet deposition were present underscoring the diversity in lipid droplet storage among fiber types and subcellular regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian B Knudsen
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Exercise Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Joachim Nielsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Niels Ørtenblad
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Magni Mohr
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Centre of Health Science, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Kristian Overgaard
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Exercise Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jeppe F Vigh-Larsen
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Exercise Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Batterson PM, Kirby BS, Hasselmann G, Feldmann A. Muscle oxygen saturation rates coincide with lactate-based exercise thresholds. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:2249-2258. [PMID: 37261552 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05238-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Monitoring muscle metabolic activity via blood lactate is a useful tool for understanding the physiological response to a given exercise intensity. Recent indications suggest that skeletal muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2), an index of the balance between local O2 supply and demand, may describe and predict endurance performance outcomes. PURPOSE We tested the hypothesis that SmO2 rate is tightly related to blood lactate concentration across exercise intensities, and that deflections in SmO2 rate would coincide with established blood lactate thresholds (i.e., lactate thresholds 1 and 2). METHODS Ten elite male soccer players completed an incremental running protocol to exhaustion using 3-min work to 30 s rest intervals. Blood lactate samples were collected during rest and SmO2 was collected continuously via near-infrared spectroscopy from the right and left vastus lateralis, left biceps femoris and the left gastrocnemius. RESULTS Muscle O2 saturation rate (%/min) was quantified after the initial 60 s of each 3-min segment. The SmO2 rate was significantly correlated with blood lactate concentrations for all muscle sites; RVL, r = - 0.974; LVL, r = - 0.969; LG, r = - 0.942; LHAM, r = - 0.907. Breakpoints in SmO2 rate were not significantly different from LT1 or LT2 at any muscle sites (P > 0.05). Bland-Altman analysis showed speed threshold estimates via SmO2 rate and lactate are similar at LT2, but slightly greater for SmO2 rate at LT1. CONCLUSIONS Muscle O2 saturation rate appears to provide actionable information about maximal metabolic steady state and is consistent with bioenergetic reliance on oxygen and its involvement in the attainment of metabolic steady state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Batterson
- Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, 17 Milam Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
| | - Brett S Kirby
- Nike Sport Research Lab, Nike Inc, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | | | - Andri Feldmann
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Chambers TL, Stroh AM, Chavez C, Brandt AR, Claiborne A, Fountain WA, Gries KJ, Jones AM, Kuszmaul DJ, Lee GA, Lester BE, Lynch CE, Minchev K, Montenegro CF, Naruse M, Raue U, Trappe TA, Trappe S. Multitissue responses to exercise: a MoTrPAC feasibility study. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 135:302-315. [PMID: 37318985 PMCID: PMC10393343 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00210.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the feasibility of the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC) human adult clinical exercise protocols, while also documenting select cardiovascular, metabolic, and molecular responses to these protocols. After phenotyping and familiarization sessions, 20 subjects (25 ± 2 yr, 12 M, 8 W) completed an endurance exercise bout (n = 8, 40 min cycling at 70% V̇o2max), a resistance exercise bout (n = 6, ∼45 min, 3 sets of ∼10 repetition maximum, 8 exercises), or a resting control period (n = 6, 40 min rest). Blood samples were taken before, during, and after (10 min, 2 h, and 3.5 h) exercise or rest for levels of catecholamines, cortisol, glucagon, insulin, glucose, free fatty acids, and lactate. Heart rate was recorded throughout exercise (or rest). Skeletal muscle (vastus lateralis) and adipose (periumbilical) biopsies were taken before and ∼4 h following exercise or rest for mRNA levels of genes related to energy metabolism, growth, angiogenesis, and circadian processes. Coordination of the timing of procedural components (e.g., local anesthetic delivery, biopsy incisions, tumescent delivery, intravenous line flushes, sample collection and processing, exercise transitions, and team dynamics) was reasonable to orchestrate while considering subject burden and scientific objectives. The cardiovascular and metabolic alterations reflected a dynamic and unique response to endurance and resistance exercise, whereas skeletal muscle was transcriptionally more responsive than adipose 4 h postexercise. In summary, the current report provides the first evidence of protocol execution and feasibility of key components of the MoTrPAC human adult clinical exercise protocols. Scientists should consider designing exercise studies in various populations to interface with the MoTrPAC protocols and DataHub.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study highlights the feasibility of key aspects of the MoTrPAC adult human clinical protocols. This initial preview of what can be expected from acute exercise trial data from MoTrPAC provides an impetus for scientists to design exercise studies to interlace with the rich phenotypic and -omics data that will populate the MoTrPAC DataHub at the completion of the parent protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toby L Chambers
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Andrew M Stroh
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Clarisa Chavez
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Anna R Brandt
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Alex Claiborne
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - William A Fountain
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Kevin J Gries
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Andrew M Jones
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Dillon J Kuszmaul
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Gary A Lee
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Bridget E Lester
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Colleen E Lynch
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Kiril Minchev
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | | | - Masatoshi Naruse
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Ulrika Raue
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Todd A Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Scott Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
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15
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Lizama-Pérez R, Chirosa-Ríos LJ, Contreras-Díaz G, Jerez-Mayorga D, Jiménez-Lupión D, Chirosa-Ríos IJ. Effect of sit-to-stand-based training on muscle quality in sedentary adults: a randomized controlled trial. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15665. [PMID: 37456889 PMCID: PMC10349562 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of sit-to-stand (STS) training programs with 5 vs. 10 repetitions on muscle architecture and muscle function in sedentary adults. Sixty participants were randomly assigned into three groups: five-repetition STS (5STS), 10-repetition STS (10STS), or a control group (CG). Participants performed three sets of five or 10 repetitions of the STS exercise three times per week for 8 weeks. Before and after 8 weeks, all groups performed ultrasound measures to evaluate muscle thickness (MT), pennation angle (PA), and fascicle length (FL), and the five-repetition STS test to estimate the relative STS power and muscle quality index (MQI). After 8 weeks, both experimental groups improved MQI (40-45%), relative STS power (29-38%), and MT (8-9%) (all p < 0.001; no differences between the 5STS vs. 10STS groups). These improvements in both groups resulted in differences regarding the CG, which did not present any change. In addition, only the 5STS group improved PA (15%; p = 0.008) without differences to the 10STS and CG.This suggests that STS training is time-effective and low-cost for improving muscle function and generating adaptations in muscle architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Lizama-Pérez
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | | | - Daniel Jerez-Mayorga
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Smith-Ryan AE, Hirsch KR, Cabre HE, Gould LM, Gordon AN, Ferrando AA. Menopause Transition: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation on Muscle Size and Quality. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:1258-1264. [PMID: 36878186 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The menopause transition yields significant physiological alterations. The purpose was to characterize lean soft tissue (LST), muscle size (muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA)), muscle quality (echo intensity (EI)), and strength across the menopause transition. A secondary aim was to evaluate whole-body protein turnover in a subsample of women. METHODS Seventy-two healthy women were enrolled in this cross-sectional study based on menopause stage (PRE: n = 24; PERI: n = 24; POST: n = 24). Whole-body LST was measured via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and muscle characteristics (mCSA and EI) were measured via B-mode ultrasound of the vastus lateralis. Maximal voluntary contractions (N·m) of the knee extensors were evaluated. Physical activity (in minutes per day) was accounted for using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. A subsample of women ( n = 27) ingested 2.0 g of 15 N-alanine to determine whole-body net protein balance (NB; in grams per kilogram of body mass per day). RESULTS Significant differences were evident in LST ( P = 0.022), leg LST ( P = 0.05), and EI ( P = 0.018) between menopause stages. Bonferroni post-hoc comparisons revealed greater LST in PRE versus PERI (mean difference (MD) ± SE, 3.8 ± 1.5 kg; P = 0.048) and POST (3.9 ± 1.5 lb; P = 0.049). Similarly, EI was significantly higher in PERI PRE (MD, 18.3 ± 7.1 a.u.; P = 0.036). There was no significant difference in mCSA ( P = 0.082) or in maximal voluntary contraction ( P = 0.167). NB was significantly different across groups ( P = 0.026); NB was greater in PRE compared with PERI (MD, 0.39 ± 0.17 g·kg -1 ; P = 0.090), and from PRE to POST (MD, 0.46 ± 0.17 g·kg -1 ; P = 0.042). Physical activity was not significantly different across groups but demonstrated a linear increase from PRE to POST. CONCLUSIONS The current findings suggest that LST, muscle quality, and protein balance may be negatively influenced by the menopause transition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katie R Hirsch
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | | | - Lacey M Gould
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Amanda N Gordon
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Arny A Ferrando
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute on Aging, Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
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Zhu H, Sun Q, Tang H, Chen Y, Tan K, Xu X, Wang S. A novel rat model of sarcopenic obesity based on aging and high-fat diet consumption. Biogerontology 2023; 24:235-244. [PMID: 36607484 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-10010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is defined as a combination of obesity and sarcopenia, leading to serious health consequences. However, a lack of suitable animal models has hampered research into this disorder. 12-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were given a high fat content (HFD, SO group) or standard diet (DC groups) for 28 weeks (until 20 months of age). In addition, 2-month-old rats were fed a standard diet as an age control (YC group) until they reached 10 months of age. At the end of the intervention, quadriceps development in the rats was monitored using magnetic resonance examinations and MR spectroscopy. Age-related changes in muscle mass and strength, histopathology, HFD-induced adiposity, and metabolic disturbances were compared between the three groups. Comparing with DC group, rats of SO (20 months, and fed by high-fat diet) exhibited a more prominent loss of muscle mass and strength, a more pronounced decline in myofibre number, IFM, increase in myocyte apoptosis accompanied with increased visceral fat, remarkable glycolipid metabolic disorders, and insulin resistance. However, DC group rats (20 months with standard diet) only showed a decline in quadriceps cross-sectional area/body weight, forelimb grip strength, myofibre cross-sectional area and number, and intermyofibrillar mitochondria number (IFM), increased myocyte apoptosis, without significant metabolic disorder compared with YC group rats. After verifying, SO animal model was successfully set up by HFD induced obesity concomitant with aging-related sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhu
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qianqian Sun
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huiyu Tang
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanyu Chen
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ke Tan
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xu Xu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Marshall RN, Morgan PT, Smeuninx B, Quinlan JI, Brook MS, Atherton PJ, Smith K, Wilkinson DJ, Breen L. Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis and Acute Intracellular Signaling with Elastic Band Resistance Exercise in Young and Older Men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:398-408. [PMID: 36731005 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Resistance exercise training (RET) attenuates age-related muscle and strength loss ("sarcopenia"). However, compared with machine-based RET, the efficacy of cost-effective, accessible elastic band RET (EB-RET) for muscle adaptive remodeling lacks supporting mechanistic evidence. METHODS Eight young (YM; 24 ± 4 yr) and eight older (OM; 68 ± 6 yr) untrained males consumed an oral stable isotope tracer (D 2 O) combined with serial vastus lateralis muscle biopsies to measure integrated myofibrillar protein synthesis (iMyoPS) and regulatory signaling over ~48 h before (habitual) and after an acute bout of EB-RET (6 × 12 repetitions at ~70% of one-repetition maximum). iMyoPS was determined via gas chromatography-pyrolysis-isotope ratio mass spectroscopy and regulatory signaling expression by immunoblot. RESULTS Habitual iMyoPS did not differ between YM and OM (1.62% ± 0.21% vs 1.43% ± 0.47%·d -1 , respectively, P = 0.128). There was a significant increase in iMyoPS after EB-RET in YM (2.23% ± 0.69%·d -1 , P = 0.02), but not OM (1.75% ± 0.54%·d -1 , P = 0.30). EB-RET increased the phosphorylation of key anabolic signaling proteins similarly in YM and OM at 1 h postexercise, including p-IRS-1 Ser636/639 , p-Akt Ser473 , p-4EBP-1 Thr37/46 , p-P70S6K Thr389 , and p-RPS6 Ser240/244 , whereas p-TSC2 Thr1462 and p-mTOR Ser2448 increased only in YM (all P < 0.05). There were no differences in the expression of amino acid transporters/sensors or proteolytic markers after EB-RET. CONCLUSIONS iMyoPS was elevated after EB-RET in YM but not OM. However, the increase in acute anabolic signaling with EB-RET was largely similar between groups. In conclusion, the capacity for EB-RET to stimulate iMyoPS may be impaired in older age. Further work may be necessary to optimize prescriptive programming in YM and OM.
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Hermes TDA, Mâncio RD, Mizobutti DS, Macedo AB, Kido LA, Cagnon Quitete VHA, Minatel E. Cilostazol attenuates oxidative stress and apoptosis in the quadriceps muscle of the dystrophic mouse experimental model. Int J Exp Pathol 2023; 104:13-22. [PMID: 36565167 PMCID: PMC9845609 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most severe and frequent form of muscular dystrophy. The mdx mouse is one of the most widely used experimental models to understand aspects of the biology of dystrophic skeletal muscles and the mechanisms of DMD. Oxidative stress and apoptosis are present in early stages of the disease in mdx mice. The high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes activation of apoptotic death regulatory proteins due to DNA damage and breakdown of nuclear and mitochondrial membranes. The quadriceps (QUA) muscle of the mdx mouse is a good tool to study oxidative events. Previous studies have demonstrated that cilostazol exerts an anti-oxidant effect by decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The present study aimed to evaluate the ability of cilostazol to modulate oxidative stress and apoptosis in the QUA muscle of mdx mice. Fourteen-day-old mdx mice received cilostazol or saline for 14 days. C57BL/10 mice were used as a control. In the QUA muscle of mdx mice, cilostazol treatment decreased ROS production (-74%), the number of lipofuscin granules (-47%), lipid peroxidation (-11%), and the number of apoptotic cells (-66%). Thus cilostazol showed anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic action in the QUA muscle of mdx mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Túlio de Almeida Hermes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of BiologyState University of Campinas (UNICAMP)São PauloBrazil
- Departament of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical SciencesFederal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL‐MG)AlfenasBrazil
| | - Rafael Dias Mâncio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of BiologyState University of Campinas (UNICAMP)São PauloBrazil
| | - Daniela Sayuri Mizobutti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of BiologyState University of Campinas (UNICAMP)São PauloBrazil
| | - Aline Barbosa Macedo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of BiologyState University of Campinas (UNICAMP)São PauloBrazil
| | - Larissa Akemi Kido
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of BiologyState University of Campinas (UNICAMP)São PauloBrazil
| | | | - Elaine Minatel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of BiologyState University of Campinas (UNICAMP)São PauloBrazil
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20
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Takagi S, Katsumura T, Sakamoto S. Relationship Between Muscle Deoxygenation and Cardiac Output in Subjects Without Attenuation of Deoxygenation Hemoglobin Concentration Near the End of Ramp Cycling Exercise: A Longitudinal Study. Adv Exp Med Biol 2023; 1438:153-157. [PMID: 37845454 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42003-0_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal relationship between the slopes of systemic and quadriceps muscle O2 dynamics in subjects without attenuation point in deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration at vastus lateralis (APdeoxy-Hb@VL) during high-intensity cycling. Seven young men without APdeoxy-Hb@VL performed ramp cycling exercise until exhaustion before and after 8 weeks, while continuing recreational physical activities throughout that period. Muscle O2 saturation (SmO2) and deoxy-Hb were monitored at the vastus lateralis (VL) and rectus femoris (RF) by near infrared spectroscopy oximetry during exercise. Cardiac output (CO) was also continuously assessed. During high-intensity exercise, at VL, a significantly steeper slope of deoxy-Hb was found after 8 weeks compared with before, while the slopes of deoxy-Hb at RF were not significantly changed. Though a decrease in the slope of CO after 8 weeks did not reach significance (p = 0.12), the change in the slope of CO was significantly related to the change in the slopes of deoxy-Hb at VL (rs = -0.89, p < 0.01) and RF (rs = -0.86, p < 0.05). Our data reinforces the idea that, in subjects without APdeoxy-Hb@VL, the slope of muscle deoxygenation at VL during high-intensity cycling exercise may partly be explained by systemic O2 supply, rather than O2 balance in other thigh muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Takagi
- Faculty of Education and Welfare, Biwako-Gakuin University, Higashiomi, Shiga, Japan.
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Toshihito Katsumura
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizuo Sakamoto
- Faculty of Sport Science, Surugadai University, Hanno, Saitama, Japan
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21
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Re R, Scano A, Tomba A, Pirovano I, Caserta A, Spinelli L, Contini D, Cubeddu R, Panella L, Torricelli A. No Difference in Muscle Basal Oxygenation in a Bedridden Population Pre and Post Rehabilitation. Adv Exp Med Biol 2023; 1438:149-152. [PMID: 37845453 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42003-0_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Long periods of bed rest for elderly population, due to a femur fracture event, can cause a deterioration in the muscular capacity. Therefore, monitoring of the muscle oxidative capacity in this fragile population is necessary to define the muscular oxidative metabolism state before and after a rehabilitation period. The time-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (TD-NIRS) technique enables the absolute values to be calculated for hemodynamic parameters such as oxy- (O2Hb), deoxy- (HHb), total- (tHb) haemoglobin, and tissue oxygen saturation (SO2) of the muscular tissue. In this work, we have characterized vastus lateralis muscle hemodynamics during a baseline period at two different time points: after the surgery (PRE) and after 15 days of rehabilitation (POST). The mean values for the absolute values of the hemodynamic parameters were: O2Hb_PRE = 49.1 ± 14.1 μM; O2Hb_POST = 47.1 ± 13.4 μM; HHb_PRE = 28.3 ± 10.3 μM; HHb_POST = 26.7 ± 9.9 μM; tHb_PRE = 77.3 ± 23.6 μM; tHb_POST = 73.8 ± 21.4 μM; SO2_PRE = 63.9 ± 4.0% and SO2_POST = 64.9 ± 5.6%. The hemodynamic parameters did not show significant differences at both group and single subject level. These results suggest that for this kind of population, the baseline of the hemodynamic parameters is not the best one to consider to assess the rehabilitation progresses in terms of muscular oxidative metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Re
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, Milan, Italy.
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, Milan, Italy.
| | - A Scano
- Istituto di Sistemi e Tecnologie Industriali Intelligenti per il Manifatturiero Avanzato, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, Italy
| | - A Tomba
- Dipartimento di Riabilitazione, ASST Gaetano Pini CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - I Pirovano
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - A Caserta
- Dipartimento di Riabilitazione, ASST Gaetano Pini CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - L Spinelli
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, Milan, Italy
| | - D Contini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, Milan, Italy
| | - R Cubeddu
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, Milan, Italy
| | - L Panella
- Dipartimento di Riabilitazione, ASST Gaetano Pini CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - A Torricelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, Milan, Italy
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, Milan, Italy
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22
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Gries KJ, Hart CR, Kunz HE, Ryan Z, Zhang X, Parvizi M, Liu Y, Dasari S, Lanza I. Acute responsiveness to single leg cycling in adults with obesity. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15539. [PMID: 36541258 PMCID: PMC9768637 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with several skeletal muscle impairments which can be improved through an aerobic exercise prescription. The possibility that exercise responsiveness is diminished in people with obesity has been suggested but not well-studied. The purpose of this study was to investigate how obesity influences acute exercise responsiveness in skeletal muscle and circulating amino metabolites. Non-obese (NO; n = 19; 10F/9M; BMI = 25.1 ± 2.8 kg/m2 ) and Obese (O; n = 21; 14F/7M; BMI = 37.3 ± 4.6 kg/m2 ) adults performed 30 min of single-leg cycling at 70% of VO2 peak. 13 C6 -Phenylalanine was administered intravenously for muscle protein synthesis measurements. Serial muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were collected before exercise and 3.5- and 6.5-h post-exercise to measure protein synthesis and gene expression. Targeted plasma metabolomics was used to quantitate amino metabolites before and 30 and 90 min after exercise. The exercise-induced fold change in mixed muscle protein synthesis trended (p = 0.058) higher in NO (1.28 ± 0.54-fold) compared to O (0.95 ± 0.42-fold) and was inversely related to BMI (R2 = 0.140, p = 0.027). RNA sequencing revealed 331 and 280 genes that were differentially expressed after exercise in NO and O, respectively. Gene set enrichment analysis showed O had six blunted pathways related to metabolism, cell to cell communication, and protein turnover after exercise. The circulating amine response further highlighted dysregulations related to protein synthesis and metabolism in adults with obesity at the basal state and in response to the exercise bout. Collectively, these data highlight several unique pathways in individuals with obesity that resulted in a modestly blunted exercise response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Gries
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health ProfessionsConcordia University of WisconsinMequonWisconsinUSA
| | - Corey R. Hart
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright Patterson Air Force BaseDaytonOhioUSA
| | - Hawley E. Kunz
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Zachary Ryan
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Department of GeriatricsShanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Mojtaba Parvizi
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Yuanhang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Surendra Dasari
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Ian R. Lanza
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
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23
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Toth MJ, Savage PD, Voigt TB, Anair BM, Bunn JY, Smith IB, Tourville TW, Blankstein M, Stevens-Lapsley J, Nelms NJ. Effects of total knee arthroplasty on skeletal muscle structure and function at the cellular, organellar, and molecular levels. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 133:647-660. [PMID: 35900327 PMCID: PMC9467475 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00323.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an important treatment option for knee osteoarthritis (OA) that improves self-reported pain and physical function, but objectively measured physical function typically remains reduced for years after surgery due, in part, to precipitous reductions in lower extremity neuromuscular function early after surgery. The present study examined intrinsic skeletal muscle adaptations during the first 5 weeks post-TKA to identify skeletal muscle attributes that may contribute to functional disability. Patients with advanced stage knee OA were evaluated prior to TKA and 5 weeks after surgery. Biopsies of the vastus lateralis were performed to assess muscle fiber size, contractility, and mitochondrial content, along with assessments of whole muscle size and function. TKA was accompanied by marked reductions in whole muscle size and strength. At the fiber (i.e., cellular) level, TKA caused profound muscle atrophy that was approximately twofold higher than that observed at the whole muscle level. TKA markedly reduced muscle fiber force production, contractile velocity, and power production, with force deficits persisting in myosin heavy chain (MHC) II fibers after expression relative to fiber size. Molecular level assessments suggest reduced strongly bound myosin-actin cross bridges and myofilament lattice stiffness as a mechanism underlying reduced force per unit fiber size. Finally, marked reductions in mitochondrial content were apparent and more prominent in the subsarcolemmal compartment. Our study represents the most comprehensive evaluation of skeletal muscle cellular adaptations to TKA and uncovers novel effects of TKA on muscle fiber size and intrinsic contractility early after surgery that may contribute to functional disability.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We report the first evaluation of the effects of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on skeletal muscle at the cellular and subcellular levels. We found marked effects of TKA to cause skeletal muscle fiber atrophy and contractile dysfunction in older adults, as well as molecular mechanisms underlying impaired contractility. Our results reveal profound effects of TKA on muscle fiber size and intrinsic contractility early after surgery that may contribute to functional disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Toth
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Patrick D Savage
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Thomas B Voigt
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Bradley M Anair
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Janice Y Bunn
- Department of Medical Biostatistics, College of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Isaac B Smith
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Timothy W Tourville
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Michael Blankstein
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Jennifer Stevens-Lapsley
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- VA Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Nathaniel J Nelms
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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24
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Blackwood SJ, Horwath O, Moberg M, Pontén M, Apró W, Ekblom MM, Larsen FJ, Katz A. Extreme Variations in Muscle Fiber Composition Enable Detection of Insulin Resistance and Excessive Insulin Secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e2729-e2737. [PMID: 35405014 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Muscle fiber composition is associated with peripheral insulin action. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether extreme differences in muscle fiber composition are associated with alterations in peripheral insulin action and secretion in young, healthy subjects who exhibit normal fasting glycemia and insulinemia. METHODS Relaxation time following a tetanic contraction was used to identify subjects with a high or low expression of type I muscle fibers: group 1 (n = 11), area occupied by type I muscle fibers = 61.0 ± 11.8%, and group 2 (n = 8), type I area = 36.0 ± 4.9% (P < 0.001). Biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle and analyzed for mitochondrial respiration on permeabilized fibers, muscle fiber composition, and capillary density. An intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed and indices of glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and secretion were determined. RESULTS Glucose tolerance was similar between groups, whereas whole-body insulin sensitivity was decreased by ~50% in group 2 vs group 1 (P = 0.019). First-phase insulin release (area under the insulin curve during 10 minutes after glucose infusion) was increased by almost 4-fold in group 2 vs group 1 (P = 0.01). Whole-body insulin sensitivity was correlated with percentage area occupied by type I fibers (r = 0.54; P = 0.018) and capillary density in muscle (r = 0.61; P = 0.005) but not with mitochondrial respiration. Insulin release was strongly related to percentage area occupied by type II fibers (r = 0.93; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Assessment of muscle contractile function in young healthy subjects may prove useful in identifying individuals with insulin resistance and enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion prior to onset of clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Blackwood
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oscar Horwath
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcus Moberg
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marjan Pontén
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - William Apró
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria M Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Filip J Larsen
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abram Katz
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
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25
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Ienaga K, Yamaguchi K, Ota N, Goto K. Augmented muscle deoxygenation during repeated sprint exercise with post-exercise blood flow restriction. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15294. [PMID: 35586958 PMCID: PMC9117971 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood flow restriction (BFR) during low-intensity exercise has been known to be a potent procedure to alter metabolic and oxygen environments in working muscles. Moreover, the use of BFR during inter-set rest periods of repeated sprint exercise has been recently suggested to be a potent procedure for improving training adaptations. The present study was designed to determine the effect of repeated sprint exercise with post-exercise BFR (BFR during rest periods between sprints) on muscle oxygenation in working muscles. Eleven healthy males performed two different conditions on different days: either repeated sprint exercise with BFR during rest periods between sets (BFR condition) or without BFR (CON condition). A repeated sprint exercise consisted of three sets of 3 × 6-s maximal sprints (pedaling) with 24s rest periods between sprints and 5 min rest periods between sets. In BFR condition, two min of BFR (100-120 mmHg) for both legs was conducted between sets. During the exercise, power output and arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) were evaluated. Muscle oxygenation for the vastus lateralis muscle, exercise-induced changes in muscle blood flow, and muscle oxygen consumption were measured. During BFR between sets, BFR condition presented significantly higher deoxygenated hemoglobin + myoglobin (p < 0.01) and lower tissue saturation index (p < 0.01) than those in CON condition. However, exercise-induced blood lactate elevation and reduction of blood pH did not differ significantly between the conditions. Furthermore, power output throughout nine sprints did not differ significantly between the two conditions. In conclusion, repeated sprint exercise with post-exercise BFR augmented muscle deoxygenation and local hypoxia, without interfering power output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Ienaga
- Graduate School of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
| | - Keiichi Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
| | - Naoki Ota
- Graduate School of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
| | - Kazushige Goto
- Graduate School of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
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26
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Howard ZM, Rastogi N, Lowe J, Hauck JS, Ingale P, Gomatam C, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Gomez-Sanchez EP, Bansal SS, Rafael-Fortney JA. Myeloid mineralocorticoid receptors contribute to skeletal muscle repair in muscular dystrophy and acute muscle injury. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C354-C369. [PMID: 35044859 PMCID: PMC8858682 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00411.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Suppressing mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activity with MR antagonists is therapeutic for chronic skeletal muscle pathology in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) mouse models. Although mechanisms underlying clinical MR antagonist efficacy for DMD cardiomyopathy and other cardiac diseases are defined, mechanisms in skeletal muscles are not fully elucidated. Myofiber MR knockout improves skeletal muscle force and a subset of dystrophic pathology. However, MR signaling in myeloid cells is known to be a major contributor to cardiac efficacy. To define contributions of myeloid MR in skeletal muscle function and disease, we performed parallel assessments of muscle pathology, cytokine levels, and myeloid cell populations resulting from myeloid MR genetic knockout in muscular dystrophy and acute muscle injury. Myeloid MR knockout led to lower levels of C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2)-expressing macrophages, resulting in sustained myofiber damage after acute injury of normal muscle. In acute injury, myeloid MR knockout also led to increased local muscle levels of the enzyme that produces the endogenous MR agonist aldosterone, further supporting important contributions of MR signaling in normal muscle repair. In muscular dystrophy, myeloid MR knockout altered cytokine levels differentially between quadriceps and diaphragm muscles, which contain different myeloid populations. Myeloid MR knockout led to higher levels of fibrosis in dystrophic diaphragm. These results support important contributions of myeloid MR signaling to skeletal muscle repair in acute and chronic injuries and highlight the useful information gained from cell-specific genetic knockouts to delineate mechanisms of pharmacological efficacy.
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MESH Headings
- Aldosterone/metabolism
- Animals
- Barium Compounds
- Chlorides
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Diaphragm/immunology
- Diaphragm/metabolism
- Diaphragm/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Fibrosis
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscular Diseases/chemically induced
- Muscular Diseases/immunology
- Muscular Diseases/metabolism
- Muscular Diseases/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/immunology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/metabolism
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/pathology
- Quadriceps Muscle/immunology
- Quadriceps Muscle/metabolism
- Quadriceps Muscle/pathology
- Receptors, CCR2/genetics
- Receptors, CCR2/metabolism
- Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/genetics
- Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Howard
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Neha Rastogi
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeovanna Lowe
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - J Spencer Hauck
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Pratham Ingale
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Chetan Gomatam
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Celso E Gomez-Sanchez
- Jackson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Elise P Gomez-Sanchez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Shyam S Bansal
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jill A Rafael-Fortney
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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27
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Sabouri M, Taghibeikzadehbadr P, Shabkhiz F, Izanloo Z, Shaghaghi FA. Effect of eccentric and concentric contraction mode on myogenic regulatory factors expression in human vastus lateralis muscle. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2022; 43:9-20. [PMID: 35018575 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-021-09613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle contractions are caused to release myokines by muscle fiber. This study investigated the myogenic regulatory factors, as MHC I, IIA, IIX, Myo-D, MRF4, Murf, Atrogin-1, Decorin, Myonection, and IL-15 mRNA expression in the response of eccentric vs concentric contraction. Eighteen healthy men were randomly divided into two eccentric and concentric groups, each of 9 persons. Isokinetic contraction protocols included maximal single-leg eccentric or concentric knee extension tasks at 60°/s with the dominant leg. Contractions consisted of a maximum of 12 sets of 10 reps, and the rest time between each set was 30 s. The baseline biopsy was performed 4 weeks before the study, and post-test biopsies were taken immediately after exercise protocols from the vastus lateralis muscle. The gene expression levels were evaluated using Real-Time PCR methods. The eccentric group showed a significantly lower RPE score than the concentric group (P ≤ 0.05). A significant difference in MyoD, MRF4, Myonection, and Decorin mRNA, were observed following eccentric or concentric contractions (P ≤ 0.05). The MHC I, MHC IIA, IL-15 mRNA has been changed significantly compared to the pre-exercise in the concentric group (P ≤ 0.05). While only MHC IIX and Atrogin-1 mRNA changed significantly in the eccentric group (P ≤ 0.05). Additionally, the results showed a significant difference in MyoD, MRF4, IL-15, and Decorin at the follow-up values between eccentric or concentric groups (P ≤ 0.05). Our findings highlight the growing importance of elucidating the different responses of muscle growth factors associated with a myogenic activity such as MHC IIA, Decorin, IL-15, Myonectin, Decorin, MuRF1, and MHC IIX mRNA in following various types of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Sabouri
- Department of Exercise Physiology & Health Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Fatemeh Shabkhiz
- Department of Exercise Physiology & Health Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Izanloo
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Human Science, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
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Jameson TSO, Kilroe SP, Fulford J, Abdelrahman DR, Murton AJ, Dirks ML, Stephens FB, Wall BT. Muscle damaging eccentric exercise attenuates disuse-induced declines in daily myofibrillar protein synthesis and transiently prevents muscle atrophy in healthy men. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 321:E674-E688. [PMID: 34632796 PMCID: PMC8791791 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00294.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Short-term disuse leads to muscle loss driven by lowered daily myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS). However, disuse commonly results from muscle damage, and its influence on muscle deconditioning during disuse is unknown. Twenty-one males [20 ± 1 yr, BMI = 24 ± 1 kg·m-2 (± SE)] underwent 7 days of unilateral leg immobilization immediately preceded by 300 bilateral, maximal, muscle-damaging eccentric quadriceps contractions (DAM; subjects n = 10) or no exercise (CON; subjects n = 11). Participants ingested deuterated water and underwent temporal bilateral thigh MRI scans and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies of immobilized (IMM) and nonimmobilized (N-IMM) legs. N-IMM quadriceps muscle volume remained unchanged throughout both groups. IMM quadriceps muscle volume declined after 2 days by 1.7 ± 0.5% in CON (P = 0.031; and by 1.3 ± 0.6% when corrected to N-IMM; P = 0.06) but did not change in DAM, and declined equivalently in CON [by 6.4 ± 1.1% (5.0 ± 1.6% when corrected to N-IMM)] and DAM [by 2.6 ± 1.8% (4.0 ± 1.9% when corrected to N-IMM)] after 7 days. Immobilization began to decrease MyoPS compared with N-IMM in both groups after 2 days (P = 0.109), albeit with higher MyoPS rates in DAM compared with CON (P = 0.035). Frank suppression of MyoPS was observed between days 2 and 7 in CON (IMM = 1.04 ± 0.12, N-IMM = 1.86 ± 0.10%·day-1; P = 0.002) but not DAM (IMM = 1.49 ± 0.29, N-IMM = 1.90 ± 0.30%·day-1; P > 0.05). Declines in MyoPS and quadriceps volume after 7 days correlated positively in CON (r2 = 0.403; P = 0.035) but negatively in DAM (r2 = 0.483; P = 0.037). Quadriceps strength declined following immobilization in both groups, but to a greater extent in DAM. Prior muscle-damaging eccentric exercise increases MyoPS and prevents loss of quadriceps muscle volume after 2 (but not 7) days of disuse.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated the impact of prior muscle-damaging eccentric exercise on disuse-induced muscle deconditioning. Two and 7 days of muscle disuse per se lowered quadriceps muscle volume in association with lowered daily myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS). Prior eccentric exercise prevented the decline in muscle volume after 2 days and attenuated the decline in MyoPS after 2 and 7 days. These data indicate eccentric exercise increases MyoPS and transiently prevents quadriceps muscle atrophy during muscle disuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom S O Jameson
- Nutritional Physiology Group, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Sean P Kilroe
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Center for Recovery, Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Jonathan Fulford
- Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Doaa R Abdelrahman
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Andrew J Murton
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
- Sealy Center of Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Marlou L Dirks
- Nutritional Physiology Group, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Francis B Stephens
- Nutritional Physiology Group, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin T Wall
- Nutritional Physiology Group, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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Levitt DE, Ferguson TF, Primeaux SD, Zavala JA, Ahmed J, Marshall RH, Simon L, Molina PE. Skeletal muscle bioenergetic health and function in people living with HIV: association with glucose tolerance and alcohol use. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2021; 321:R781-R790. [PMID: 34585616 PMCID: PMC8616628 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00197.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
At-risk alcohol use is prevalent and increases dysglycemia among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). Skeletal muscle (SKM) bioenergetic dysregulation is implicated in dysglycemia and type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between at-risk alcohol, glucose tolerance, and SKM bioenergetic function in PLWH. Thirty-five PLWH (11 females, 24 males, age: 53 ± 9 yr, body mass index: 29.0 ± 6.6 kg/m2) with elevated fasting glucose enrolled in the ALIVE-Ex study provided medical history and alcohol use information [Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)], then underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and SKM biopsy. Bioenergetic health and function and mitochondrial volume were measured in isolated myoblasts. Mitochondrial gene expression was measured in SKM. Linear regression adjusting for age, sex, and smoking was performed to examine the relationship between glucose tolerance (2-h glucose post-OGTT), AUDIT, and their interaction with each outcome measure. Negative indicators of bioenergetic health were significantly (P < 0.05) greater with higher 2-h glucose (proton leak) and AUDIT (proton leak, nonmitochondrial oxygen consumption, and bioenergetic health index). Mitochondrial volume was increased with the interaction of higher 2-h glucose and AUDIT. Mitochondrial gene expression decreased with higher 2-h glucose (TFAM, PGC1B, PPARG, MFN1), AUDIT (MFN1, DRP1, MFF), and their interaction (PPARG, PPARD, MFF). Decreased expression of mitochondrial genes were coupled with increased mitochondrial volume and decreased bioenergetic health in SKM of PLWH with higher AUDIT and 2-h glucose. We hypothesize these mechanisms reflect poorer mitochondrial health and may precede overt SKM bioenergetic dysregulation observed in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E Levitt
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Tekeda F Ferguson
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Epidemiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Stefany D Primeaux
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Joint Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism Center, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Jeanette A Zavala
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jameel Ahmed
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Richard H Marshall
- Department of Radiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Liz Simon
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Lagerwaard B, Nieuwenhuizen AG, Bunschoten A, de Boer VC, Keijer J. Matrisome, innervation and oxidative metabolism affected in older compared with younger males with similar physical activity. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:1214-1231. [PMID: 34219410 PMCID: PMC8517362 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the interaction between skeletal muscle ageing and lifestyle factors, it is often challenging to attribute the decline in muscle mass and quality to either changes in lifestyle or to advancing age itself. Because many of the physiological factors affecting muscle mass and quality are modulated by physical activity and physical activity declines with age, the aim of this study is to better understand the effects of early ageing on muscle function by comparing a population of healthy older and young males with similar physical activity patterns. METHODS Eighteen older (69 ± 2.0 years) and 20 young (22 ± 2.0 years) males were recruited based on similar self-reported physical activity, which was verified using accelerometry measurements. Gene expression profiles of vastus lateralis biopsies obtained by RNA sequencing were compared, and key results were validated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot. RESULTS Total physical activity energy expenditure was similar between the young and old group (404 ± 215 vs. 411 ± 189 kcal/day, P = 0.11). Three thousand seven hundred ninety-seven differentially expressed coding genes (DEGs) were identified (adjusted P-value cut-off of <0.05), of which 1891 were higher and 1906 were lower expressed in the older muscle. The matrisome, innervation and inflammation were the main upregulated processes, and oxidative metabolism was the main downregulated process in old compared with young muscle. Lower protein levels of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM, P = 0.030) and mitochondrial respiratory Complexes IV and II (P = 0.011 and P = 0.0009, respectively) were observed, whereas a trend was observed for Complex I (P = 0.062), in older compared with young muscle. Protein expression of Complexes I and IV was significantly correlated to mitochondrial capacity in the vastus lateralis as measured in vivo (P = 0.017, R2 = 0.42 and P = 0.030, R2 = 0.36). A trend for higher muscle-specific receptor kinase (MUSK) protein levels in the older group was observed (P = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS There are clear differences in the transcriptome signatures of the vastus lateralis muscle of healthy older and young males with similar physical activity levels, including significant differences at the protein level. By disentangling physical activity and ageing, we appoint early skeletal muscle ageing processes that occur despite similar physical activity. Improved understanding of these processes will be key to design targeted anti-ageing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Lagerwaard
- Human and Animal PhysiologyWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
- TI Food and NutritionWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Arie G. Nieuwenhuizen
- Human and Animal PhysiologyWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Annelies Bunschoten
- Human and Animal PhysiologyWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Vincent C.J. de Boer
- Human and Animal PhysiologyWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal PhysiologyWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
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Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated whether maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) and exercise capacity are affected by small acute blood loss (150 mL) and elucidated compensatory mechanisms. METHODS Thirteen male subjects (V˙O2max, 63 ± 9 mL·kg-1·min-1; mean ± SD) performed incremental exercise to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer in three experimental conditions: in euvolemia (control; blood volume [BV], 6.0 ± 0.7 L) and immediately after acute BV reductions of 150 mL (BVR150mL) and 450 mL (BVR450mL). Changes in plasma volume (PV) and BV during exercise were calculated from hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, and hemoglobin mass (carbon monoxide rebreathing). RESULTS The reduction in V˙O2max per milliliter of BVR was 2.5-fold larger after BVR450mL compared with BVR150mL (-0.7 ± 0.3 vs -0.3 ± 0.6 mL·min-1·mL-1, P = 0.029). V˙O2max was not significantly changed after BVR150mL (-1% ± 2%, P = 0.124) but reduced by 7% ± 3% after BVR450mL (P < 0.001) compared with control. Peak power output only decreased after BVR450mL (P < 0.001). At maximal exercise, BV was restored after BVR150mL compared with control (-50 ± 185 mL, P = 0.375) attributed to PV restoration, which was, however, insufficient in restoring BV after BVR450mL (-281 ± 184 mL, P < 0.001). The peak heart rate tended to increase (3 ± 5 bpm, P = 0.062), whereas the O2 pulse (-2 ± 1 mL per beat, P < 0.001) and vastus lateralis tissue oxygenation index (-4% ± 8% points, P = 0.080) were reduced after BVR450mL, suggesting decreased stroke volume and increased leg O2 extraction. CONCLUSION The deteriorations of V˙O2max and of maximal exercise capacity accelerate with the magnitude of acute blood loss, likely because of a rapid PV restoration sufficient to establish euvolemia after a small but not after a moderate blood loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øyvind Skattebo
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, NORWAY
| | - Espen Spro Johansen
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, NORWAY
| | - Carlo Capelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, ITALY
| | - Jostein Hallén
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, NORWAY
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Cussonneau L, Boyer C, Brun C, Deval C, Loizon E, Meugnier E, Gueret E, Dubois E, Taillandier D, Polge C, Béchet D, Gauquelin-Koch G, Evans AL, Arnemo JM, Swenson JE, Blanc S, Simon C, Lefai E, Bertile F, Combaret L. Concurrent BMP Signaling Maintenance and TGF-β Signaling Inhibition Is a Hallmark of Natural Resistance to Muscle Atrophy in the Hibernating Bear. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081873. [PMID: 34440643 PMCID: PMC8393865 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle atrophy arises from a multiplicity of physio-pathological situations and has very detrimental consequences for the whole body. Although knowledge of muscle atrophy mechanisms keeps growing, there is still no proven treatment to date. This study aimed at identifying new drivers for muscle atrophy resistance. We selected an innovative approach that compares muscle transcriptome between an original model of natural resistance to muscle atrophy, the hibernating brown bear, and a classical model of induced atrophy, the unloaded mouse. Using RNA sequencing, we identified 4415 differentially expressed genes, including 1746 up- and 2369 down-regulated genes, in bear muscles between the active versus hibernating period. We focused on the Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β and the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) pathways, respectively, involved in muscle mass loss and maintenance. TGF-β- and BMP-related genes were overall down- and up-regulated in the non-atrophied muscles of the hibernating bear, respectively, and the opposite occurred for the atrophied muscles of the unloaded mouse. This was further substantiated at the protein level. Our data suggest TGF-β/BMP balance is crucial for muscle mass maintenance during long-term physical inactivity in the hibernating bear. Thus, concurrent activation of the BMP pathway may potentiate TGF-β inhibiting therapies already targeted to prevent muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cussonneau
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (L.C.); Tel.: +(33)4-7362-4824 (Lydie Combaret)
| | - Christian Boyer
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Charlotte Brun
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (C.B.); (S.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Christiane Deval
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Emmanuelle Loizon
- CarMen Laboratory, INSERM 1060, INRAE 1397, University of Lyon, F-69600 Oullins, France; (E.L.); (E.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Emmanuelle Meugnier
- CarMen Laboratory, INSERM 1060, INRAE 1397, University of Lyon, F-69600 Oullins, France; (E.L.); (E.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Elise Gueret
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France; (E.G.); (E.D.)
- Montpellier GenomiX, France Génomique, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Emeric Dubois
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France; (E.G.); (E.D.)
- Montpellier GenomiX, France Génomique, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Daniel Taillandier
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Cécile Polge
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Daniel Béchet
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
| | | | - Alina L. Evans
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Evenstad, NO-2480 Koppang, Norway; (A.L.E.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Jon M. Arnemo
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Evenstad, NO-2480 Koppang, Norway; (A.L.E.); (J.M.A.)
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jon E. Swenson
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-1432 Ås, Norway;
| | - Stéphane Blanc
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (C.B.); (S.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Chantal Simon
- CarMen Laboratory, INSERM 1060, INRAE 1397, University of Lyon, F-69600 Oullins, France; (E.L.); (E.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Etienne Lefai
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Fabrice Bertile
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (C.B.); (S.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Lydie Combaret
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (L.C.); Tel.: +(33)4-7362-4824 (Lydie Combaret)
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Hymel LA, Ogle ME, Anderson SE, San Emeterio CL, Turner TC, York WY, Liu AY, Olingy CE, Sridhar S, Lim HS, Sulchek T, Qiu P, Jang YC, Willett NJ, Botchwey EA. Modulating local S1P receptor signaling as a regenerative immunotherapy after volumetric muscle loss injury. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:695-712. [PMID: 32608188 PMCID: PMC7772280 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration of skeletal muscle after volumetric injury is thought to be impaired by a dysregulated immune microenvironment that hinders endogenous repair mechanisms. Such defects result in fatty infiltration, tissue scarring, chronic inflammation, and debilitating functional deficits. Here, we evaluated the key cellular processes driving dysregulation in the injury niche through localized modulation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor signaling. We employ dimensionality reduction and pseudotime analysis on single cell cytometry data to reveal heterogeneous immune cell subsets infiltrating preclinical muscle defects due to S1P receptor inhibition. We show that global knockout of S1P receptor 3 (S1PR3) is marked by an increase of muscle stem cells within injured tissue, a reduction in classically activated relative to alternatively activated macrophages, and increased bridging of regenerating myofibers across the defect. We found that local S1PR3 antagonism via nanofiber delivery of VPC01091 replicated key features of pseudotime immune cell recruitment dynamics and enhanced regeneration characteristic of global S1PR3 knockout. Our results indicate that local S1P receptor modulation may provide an effective immunotherapy for promoting a proreparative environment leading to improved regeneration following muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A. Hymel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Molly E. Ogle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shannon E. Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Thomas C. Turner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - William Y. York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alan Y. Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Claire E. Olingy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sraeyes Sridhar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hong Seo Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Todd Sulchek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA 30332
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Young C. Jang
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA 30332
| | - Nick J. Willett
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA 30322
- Atlanta Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, 30030
| | - Edward A. Botchwey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Koh HCE, van Vliet S, Meyer GA, Laforest R, Gropler RJ, Klein S, Mittendorfer B. Heterogeneity in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake among different muscle groups in healthy lean people and people with obesity. Diabetologia 2021; 64:1158-1168. [PMID: 33511440 PMCID: PMC8336476 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05383-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS It has been proposed that muscle fibre type composition and perfusion are key determinants of insulin-stimulated muscle glucose uptake, and alterations in muscle fibre type composition and perfusion contribute to muscle, and consequently whole-body, insulin resistance in people with obesity. The goal of the study was to evaluate the relationships among muscle fibre type composition, perfusion and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake rates in healthy, lean people and people with obesity. METHODS We measured insulin-stimulated whole-body glucose disposal and glucose uptake and perfusion rates in five major muscle groups (erector spinae, obliques, rectus abdominis, hamstrings, quadriceps) in 15 healthy lean people and 37 people with obesity by using the hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp procedure in conjunction with [2H]glucose tracer infusion (to assess whole-body glucose disposal) and positron emission tomography after injections of [15O]H2O (to assess muscle perfusion) and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (to assess muscle glucose uptake). A biopsy from the vastus lateralis was obtained to assess fibre type composition. RESULTS We found: (1) a twofold difference in glucose uptake rates among muscles in both the lean and obese groups (rectus abdominis: 67 [51, 78] and 32 [21, 55] μmol kg-1 min-1 in the lean and obese groups, respectively; erector spinae: 134 [103, 160] and 66 [24, 129] μmol kg-1 min-1, respectively; median [IQR]) that was unrelated to perfusion or fibre type composition (assessed in the vastus only); (2) the impairment in insulin action in the obese compared with the lean group was not different among muscle groups; and (3) insulin-stimulated whole-body glucose disposal expressed per kg fat-free mass was linearly related with muscle glucose uptake rate (r2 = 0.65, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Obesity-associated insulin resistance is generalised across all major muscles, and is not caused by alterations in muscle fibre type composition or perfusion. In addition, insulin-stimulated whole-body glucose disposal relative to fat-free mass provides a reliable index of muscle glucose uptake rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Chow E Koh
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephan van Vliet
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gretchen A Meyer
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Richard Laforest
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology at Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert J Gropler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology at Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel Klein
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bettina Mittendorfer
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
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Stoffels AAF, van den Borst B, Peters JB, Klaassen MPM, van Helvoort HAC, Meys R, Klijn P, Burtin C, Franssen FME, van ‘t Hul AJ, Spruit MA, van Hees HWH. Correlates of variability in endurance shuttle walk test time in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249786. [PMID: 33882094 PMCID: PMC8059801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT) is used to evaluate exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The recommended pre-intervention tolerated duration (Tlim) is between 3–8 minutes for optimal interpretation of treatment effects. However, this window may be exceeded and factors determining ESWT Tlim are not completely understood. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether pulmonary function, physical and incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) performance measures are associated with ESWT Tlim in COPD patients. Methods Assessment data from patients eligible for pulmonary rehabilitation was retrospectively analyzed. Inclusion criteria were: diagnosis of COPD and complete data availability regarding ESWT and ISWT. Patients performed an ESWT at 85% of ISWT speed and were divided into three groups (ESWT Tlim: <3 minutes, 3–8 minutes, >8 minutes). Subject characteristics, severity of complaints, pulmonary function, physical capacity and activity, exercise tolerance and quadriceps muscle strength were evaluated. Results 245 COPD patients (FEV1 38 (29–52)% predicted) were included. Median ESWT Tlim was 6.0 (3.7–10.3) minutes, 41 (17%) patients walked <3 minutes and 80 (33%) patients walked >8 minutes. Body mass index, maximal oxygen consumption, Tlim on constant work rate cycle test, physical activity level, maximal ISWT speed, dyspnoea Borg score at rest and increase of leg fatigue Borg score during ISWT independently predicted Tlim in multivariate regression analysis (R2 = 0.297, p<0.001). Conclusion This study reported a large variability in ESWT Tlim in COPD patients. Secondly, these results demonstrated that next to maximal ISWT speed, other ISWT performance measures as well as clinical measures of pulmonary function, physical capacity and physical activity were independent determinants of ESWT Tlim. Nevertheless, as these determinants only explained ~30% of the variability, future studies are needed to establish whether additional factors can be used to better adjust individual ESWT pace in order to reduce ESWT Tlim variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk A. F. Stoffels
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Dekkerswald Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Research and Development, CIRO, Horn, The Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Bram van den Borst
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Dekkerswald Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeannette B. Peters
- Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariska P. M. Klaassen
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Dekkerswald Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke A. C. van Helvoort
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Dekkerswald Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roy Meys
- Department of Research and Development, CIRO, Horn, The Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Klijn
- Department of Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Merem Medical Rehabilitation, Hilversum, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris Burtin
- Reval Rehabilitation Research–Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Frits M. E. Franssen
- Department of Research and Development, CIRO, Horn, The Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alex J. van ‘t Hul
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Dekkerswald Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn A. Spruit
- Department of Research and Development, CIRO, Horn, The Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hieronymus W. H. van Hees
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Dekkerswald Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Endo T, Kime R, Fuse S, Murase N, Kurosawa Y, Hamaoka T. Changes in Optical Path Length Reveal Significant Potential Errors of Muscle Oxygenation Evaluation during Exercise in Humans. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:853-859. [PMID: 33017349 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), performed with a commonly available noninvasive tissue oxygenation monitoring device, is based on the modified Beer-Lambert law (MBLL). Although NIRS based on MBLL (NIRSMBLL) assumes that the optical path length (PL) is constant, the effects of changes in PL during exercise on muscle oxygenation calculated by MBLL are still incompletely understood. Thus, the purposes of this study were to examine the changes in optical properties during ramp incremental exercise and to compare muscle oxygen dynamics measured by time-resolved NIRS with those calculated based on MBLL. METHODS Twenty-two healthy young men performed ramp incremental cycling exercise until exhaustion. Optical properties (reduced scattering coefficient and PL) and absolute oxygenated, deoxygenated, and total hemoglobin and myoglobin concentrations (oxy[Hb + Mb], deoxy[Hb + Mb], and total[Hb + Mb], respectively) at the vastus lateralis were continuously monitored by a three-wavelength (763, 801, and 836) time-resolved NIRS device. The values of oxy-, deoxy-, and total[Hb + Mb] were then recalculated by assuming constant PL. RESULTS PL at all wavelengths statistically significantly shortened during exercise. In particular, PL at 763 nm was greatly shortened, and the average changes during exercise were a 9.8% ± 3.1% reduction. In addition, significant differences in the kinetics of oxy-, deoxy-, and total[Hb + Mb] between directly measuring PL and assuming constant PL were found. The average changes in measured PL and assuming constant PL-deoxy[Hb + Mb] were increases of 28.8 ± 16.0 μM and increases of 16.4 ± 9.3 μM, respectively. CONCLUSION Assuming constant PL in NIRSMBLL significantly underestimated actual muscle oxy/deoxygenation as compared with measurements obtained by real-time PL determination. The percent degree of the underestimated oxy/deoxygenation was greater than the percent degree of the changes in PL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuki Endo
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, JAPAN
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Nguyen HT, Grenier T, Leporq B, Le Goff C, Gilles B, Grange S, Grange R, Millet GP, Beuf O, Croisille P, Viallon M. Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of the Quadriceps Changes during an Extreme Mountain Ultramarathon. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:869-881. [PMID: 33044438 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE Extreme ultra-endurance races are growing in popularity, but their effects on skeletal muscles remain mostly unexplored. This longitudinal study explores physiological changes in mountain ultramarathon athletes' quadriceps using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) coupled with serological biomarkers. The study aimed to monitor the longitudinal effect of the race and recovery and to identify local inflammatory and metabolic muscle responses by codetection of biological markers. METHODS An automatic image processing framework was designed to extract imaging-based biomarkers from quantitative MRI acquisitions of the upper legs of 20 finishers at three time points. The longitudinal effect of the race was demonstrated by analyzing the image markers with dedicated biostatistical analysis. RESULTS Our framework allows for a reliable calculation of statistical data not only inside the whole quadriceps volume but also within each individual muscle head. Local changes in MRI parameters extracted from quantitative maps were described and found to be significantly correlated with principal serological biomarkers of interest. A decrease in the PDFF after the race and a stable paramagnetic susceptibility value were found. Pairwise post hoc tests suggested that the recovery process differs among the muscle heads. CONCLUSIONS This longitudinal study conducted during a prolonged and extreme mechanical stress showed that quantitative MRI-based markers of inflammation and metabolic response can detect local changes related to the prolonged exercise, with differentiated involvement of each head of the quadriceps muscle as expected in such eccentric load. Consistent and efficient extraction of the local biomarkers enables to highlight the interplay/interactions between blood and MRI biomarkers. This work indeed proposes an automatized analytic framework to tackle the time-consuming and mentally exhausting segmentation task of muscle heads in large multi-time-point cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoai-Thu Nguyen
- Univ-Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Inserm, Saint-Etienne, FRANCE
| | - Thomas Grenier
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, Villeurbanne, FRANCE
| | - Benjamin Leporq
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, Villeurbanne, FRANCE
| | - Caroline Le Goff
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, BELGIUM
| | | | | | | | - Grégoire P Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND
| | - Olivier Beuf
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, Villeurbanne, FRANCE
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Naruse M, Fountain WA, Claiborne A, Chambers TL, Jones AM, Stroh AM, Montenegro CF, Lynch CE, Minchev K, Trappe S, Trappe TA. Influence of low-dose aspirin, resistance exercise, and sex on human skeletal muscle PGE 2 /COX pathway activity. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14790. [PMID: 33661544 PMCID: PMC7931802 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG) E2 has been linked to increased inflammation and attenuated resistance exercise adaptations in skeletal muscle. Nonaspirin cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors have been shown to reduce these effects. This study examined the effect of low-dose aspirin on skeletal muscle COX production of PGE2 at rest and following resistance exercise. Skeletal muscle (vastus lateralis) biopsies were taken from six individuals (4 M/2 W) before and 3.5 hr after a single bout of resistance exercise for ex vivo PGE2 production under control and low (10 μM)- or standard (100 μM)-dose aspirin conditions. Sex-specific effects of aspirin were also examined by combining the current findings with our previous similar ex vivo skeletal muscle investigations (n = 20, 10 M/10 W). Low-dose aspirin inhibited skeletal muscle PGE2 production (p < 0.05). This inhibition was similar to standard-dose aspirin (p > 0.05) and was not influenced by resistance exercise (p > 0.05) (overall effect: -18 ± 5%). Men and women had similar uninhibited skeletal muscle PGE2 production at rest (men: 1.97 ± 0.33, women: 1.96 ± 0.29 pg/mg wet weight/min; p > 0.05). However, skeletal muscle of men was 60% more sensitive to aspirin inhibition than women (p < 0.05). In summary, the current findings 1) confirm low-dose aspirin inhibits the PGE2 /COX pathway in human skeletal muscle, 2) show that resistance exercise does not alter aspirin inhibitory efficacy, and 3) suggest the skeletal muscle of men and women could respond differently to long-term consumption of low-dose aspirin, one of the most common chronically consumed drugs in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alex Claiborne
- Human Performance LaboratoryBall State UniversityMuncieINUSA
| | | | - Andrew M. Jones
- Human Performance LaboratoryBall State UniversityMuncieINUSA
| | - Andrew M. Stroh
- Human Performance LaboratoryBall State UniversityMuncieINUSA
| | | | | | - Kiril Minchev
- Human Performance LaboratoryBall State UniversityMuncieINUSA
| | - Scott Trappe
- Human Performance LaboratoryBall State UniversityMuncieINUSA
| | - Todd A. Trappe
- Human Performance LaboratoryBall State UniversityMuncieINUSA
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Hirsch KR, Greenwalt CE, Saylor HE, Gould LM, Harrison CH, Brewer GJ, Blue MNM, Ferrando AA, Huffman KM, Mayer‐Davis EJ, Ryan ED, Smith‐Ryan AE. High-intensity interval training and essential amino acid supplementation: Effects on muscle characteristics and whole-body protein turnover. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14655. [PMID: 33369879 PMCID: PMC7769174 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the independent and combined effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and essential amino acids (EAA) on lean mass, muscle characteristics of the quadriceps, and 24-hr whole-body protein turnover (WBPT) in overweight and obese adults. An exploratory aim was to evaluate potential modulatory effects of sex. Sixty-six adults (50% female; Age: 36.7 ± 6.0 yrs; %BF: 36.0 ± 7.8%) were assigned to 8 wks of: (a) HIIT, 2 days/wk; (b) EAA supplementation, 3.6 g twice daily; (c) HIIT + EAA; or (d) control. At baseline, 4 wks, and 8 wks, total body, thigh LM and muscle characteristics were measured via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and B-mode ultrasound, respectively. In a subsample, changes in WBPT was measured using [N15 ]alanine. Differences between groups were assessed using linear mixed models adjusted for baseline values, followed by 95% confidence intervals on adjusted mean change scores (Δ). HIIT and HIIT + EAA improved thigh LM (Δ: +0.17 ± 0.05 kg [0.08, 0.27]; +0.22 ± 0.05 kg [0.12,0.31]) and vastus lateralis cross-sectional area (Δ: +2.73 ± 0.52 cm2 [1.69,3.77]; +2.64 ± 0.53 cm2 [1.58,3.70]), volume (Δ: +54.50 ± 11.69 cm3 [31.07, 77.92]; +62.39 ± 12.05 cm3 [38.26, 86.52]), and quality (Δ: -5.46 ± 2.68a.u. [-10.84, -0.09]; -7.97 ± 2.76a.u.[-13.49, -2.45]). Protein synthesis, breakdown, and flux were greater with HIIT + EAA and EAA compared to HIIT (p < .05). Sex differences were minimal. Compared to women, men tended to respond more to HIIT, with or without EAA. For women, responses were greater with HIIT + EAA than HIIT. In overweight and obese adults, 8 weeks of HIIT, with or without EAA, improved thigh LM size and quality; EAA may enhance muscular adaptation via increases in protein turnover, supporting greater improvements in muscular size and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie R. Hirsch
- Applied Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Human Movement Science CurriculumDepartment of Allied Health ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of GeriatricsDonald W. Reynolds Institute on AgingCenter for Translational Research in Aging & LongevityUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockARUSA
| | - Casey E. Greenwalt
- Applied Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Hannah E. Saylor
- Applied Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Human Movement Science CurriculumDepartment of Allied Health ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Lacey M. Gould
- Applied Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Courtney H. Harrison
- Applied Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Gabrielle J. Brewer
- Applied Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Malia N. M. Blue
- Applied Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Human Movement Science CurriculumDepartment of Allied Health ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Arny A. Ferrando
- Department of GeriatricsDonald W. Reynolds Institute on AgingCenter for Translational Research in Aging & LongevityUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockARUSA
| | - Kim M. Huffman
- Duke Molecular Physiology InstituteDuke UniversityDurhamNCUSA
- Department of MedicineDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA
| | - Elizabeth J. Mayer‐Davis
- Department of NutritionGillings School of Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel HillNCUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Eric D. Ryan
- Human Movement Science CurriculumDepartment of Allied Health ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Neuromuscular Assessment LaboratoryDepartment of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Abbie E. Smith‐Ryan
- Applied Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Human Movement Science CurriculumDepartment of Allied Health ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of NutritionGillings School of Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel HillNCUSA
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Hathazi D, Griffin H, Jennings MJ, Giunta M, Powell C, Pearce SF, Munro B, Wei W, Boczonadi V, Poulton J, Pyle A, Calabrese C, Gomez‐Duran A, Schara U, Pitceathly RDS, Hanna MG, Joost K, Cotta A, Paim JF, Navarro MM, Duff J, Mattman A, Chapman K, Servidei S, Della Marina A, Uusimaa J, Roos A, Mootha V, Hirano M, Tulinius M, Giri M, Hoffmann EP, Lochmüller H, DiMauro S, Minczuk M, Chinnery PF, Müller JS, Horvath R. Metabolic shift underlies recovery in reversible infantile respiratory chain deficiency. EMBO J 2020; 39:e105364. [PMID: 33128823 PMCID: PMC7705457 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversible infantile respiratory chain deficiency (RIRCD) is a rare mitochondrial myopathy leading to severe metabolic disturbances in infants, which recover spontaneously after 6-months of age. RIRCD is associated with the homoplasmic m.14674T>C mitochondrial DNA mutation; however, only ~ 1/100 carriers develop the disease. We studied 27 affected and 15 unaffected individuals from 19 families and found additional heterozygous mutations in nuclear genes interacting with mt-tRNAGlu including EARS2 and TRMU in the majority of affected individuals, but not in healthy carriers of m.14674T>C, supporting a digenic inheritance. Our transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of patient muscle suggests a stepwise mechanism where first, the integrated stress response associated with increased FGF21 and GDF15 expression enhances the metabolism modulated by serine biosynthesis, one carbon metabolism, TCA lipid oxidation and amino acid availability, while in the second step mTOR activation leads to increased mitochondrial biogenesis. Our data suggest that the spontaneous recovery in infants with digenic mutations may be modulated by the above described changes. Similar mechanisms may explain the variable penetrance and tissue specificity of other mtDNA mutations and highlight the potential role of amino acids in improving mitochondrial disease.
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Joanisse S, Ashcroft S, Wilkinson DJ, Pollock RD, O'Brien KA, Phillips BE, Smith K, Lazarus NR, Harridge SDR, Atherton PJ, Philp A. High Levels of Physical Activity in Later Life Are Associated With Enhanced Markers of Mitochondrial Metabolism. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 75:1481-1487. [PMID: 31942994 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The age-associated reduction in muscle mass is well characterized; however, less is known regarding the mechanisms responsible for the decline in oxidative capacity also observed with advancing age. The purpose of the current study was therefore to compare mitochondrial gene expression and protein content between young and old recreationally active, and older highly active individuals. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis of young males (YG: 22 ± 3 years) and older (OG: 67 ± 2 years) males not previously engaged in formal exercise and older male master cyclists (OT: 65 ± 5 years) who had undertaken cycling exercise for 32 ± 17 years. Comparison of gene expression between YG, OG, and OT groups revealed greater expression of mitochondrial-related genes, namely, electron transport chain (ETC) complexes II, III, and IV (p < .05) in OT compared with YG and OG. Gene expression of mitofusion (MFN)-1/2, mitochondrial fusion genes, was greater in OT compared with OG (p < .05). Similarly, protein content of ETC complexes I, II, and IV was significantly greater in OT compared with both YG and OG (p < .001). Protein content of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 α (PGC-1α), was greater in OT compared with YG and OG (p < .001). Our results suggest that the aging process per se is not associated with a decline in gene expression and protein content of ETC complexes. Mitochondrial-related gene expression and protein content are substantially greater in OT, suggesting that exercise-mediated increases in mitochondrial content can be maintained into later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Joanisse
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen Ashcroft
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel J Wilkinson
- Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Ross D Pollock
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, UK
| | - Katie A O'Brien
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, UK
| | - Bethan E Phillips
- Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Ken Smith
- Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Norman R Lazarus
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, UK
| | | | - Philip J Atherton
- Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew Philp
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
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Kakehi S, Tamura Y, Kubota A, Takeno K, Kawaguchi M, Sakuraba K, Kawamori R, Watada H. Effects of blood flow restriction on muscle size and gene expression in muscle during immobilization: A pilot study. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14516. [PMID: 32725695 PMCID: PMC7387888 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Muscle mass is known to rapidly decrease with muscle disuse. Previous reports suggest that repetitive blood flow restriction (BFR) mitigates the reduction of muscle mass with disuse. However, the effects of BFR on muscle atrophy and gene expression levels in muscle during cast immobilization have not been clarified. METHODS To investigate the effect of BFR on muscle atrophy and gene expression levels during cast immobilization in humans, we recruited 10 healthy males who were randomly divided into the control and BFR treatment groups. All subjects were immobilized with a cast for 14 days. BFR treatment was conducted only in the BFR group. We evaluated cross sectional area (CSA) of thigh muscles by magnetic resonance imaging before and 14 days after cast immobilization. A percutaneous biopsy of the vastus lateralis muscle (VL) was performed before and 1, 7, and 14 days after cast immobilization. Expression of genes related to muscle atrophy and synthesis were evaluated using real-time PCR. RESULTS The CSA of the VL and the thigh flexor muscles were significantly decreased in both groups; however, percent decrease in CSA was significantly smaller in the BFR group compared with the control group. In two-way repeated ANOVA analysis, the time × treatment interaction in gene expression of the muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases muscle ring finger 1 (MuRF1) was significant, and elevated MURF1 expression level by cast immobilization was seemed to be suppressed by the BFR treatment. CONCLUSION BFR treatment may prevent reduced VL and thigh flexor muscles and increased MuRF1 expression level during cast immobilization. Further study is required to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Kakehi
- Department of Metabolism & EndocrinologyJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Sportology CenterJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yoshifumi Tamura
- Department of Metabolism & EndocrinologyJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Sportology CenterJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Atsushi Kubota
- Department of Sports MedicineJuntendo University Graduate School of Health and Sports ScienceChibaJapan
| | - Kageumi Takeno
- Department of Metabolism & EndocrinologyJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Sportology CenterJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Minako Kawaguchi
- Department of Metabolism & EndocrinologyJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Keishoku Sakuraba
- Department of Sports MedicineJuntendo University Graduate School of Health and Sports ScienceChibaJapan
| | - Ryuzo Kawamori
- Department of Metabolism & EndocrinologyJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Sportology CenterJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Department of Metabolism & EndocrinologyJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Sportology CenterJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Center for Therapeutic Innovations in DiabetesJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Center for Molecular DiabetologyJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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Straight CR, Voigt TB, Jala AV, Chase JD, Ringham OR, Ades PA, Toth MJ, Miller MS. Quadriceps Lipid Content Has Sex-Specific Associations With Whole-Muscle, Cellular, and Molecular Contractile Function in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 74:1879-1886. [PMID: 30428006 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased adiposity is associated with reduced skeletal muscle function in older adults, but the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. To explore whether skeletal muscle properties track with adiposity, whole-muscle, cellular, and molecular function were examined in relation to adiposity measured at various anatomical levels in healthy older (60-80 years) men and women. Although women had greater absolute and relative body and thigh fat than men, quadriceps muscle attenuation, an index of intramuscular lipid content, was similar between sexes. At the whole-muscle level, greater quadriceps attenuation was associated with reduced knee extensor function in women, but not men. In women, decreased myosin heavy chain I and IIA fiber-specific force was associated with higher intramuscular lipid content, which may be explained, in part, by the reduced myofilament lattice stiffness found in myosin heavy chain IIA fibers. Longer myosin attachment times in myosin heavy chain I fibers from men and women were associated with greater amounts of adipose tissue, suggesting that fat deposits lead to slower myosin-actin cross-bridge kinetics. Our results indicate greater quantities of adipose tissue alter myofilament properties and cross-bridge kinetics, which may partially explain the adiposity-induced decrements in single-fiber and whole-muscle function of older adults, especially women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad R Straight
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - Thomas B Voigt
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington
| | - Anudeep V Jala
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - John D Chase
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - Olivia R Ringham
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - Philip A Ades
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington
| | - Michael J Toth
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington
| | - Mark S Miller
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
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Castro-Sepulveda M, Jannas-Vela S, Fernández-Verdejo R, Ávalos-Allele D, Tapia G, Villagrán C, Quezada N, Zbinden-Foncea H. Relative lipid oxidation associates directly with mitochondrial fusion phenotype and mitochondria-sarcoplasmic reticulum interactions in human skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E848-E855. [PMID: 32369416 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00025.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Disturbances in skeletal muscle lipid oxidation might induce ectopic fat deposition and lipotoxicity. Nevertheless, the cellular mechanisms that regulate skeletal muscle lipid oxidation have not been fully determined. We aimed to determine whether there was an association between relative whole body lipid oxidation and mitochondrial size or mitochondria-sarcoplasmic reticulum interactions in the skeletal muscle. Twelve healthy men were included [mean (standard deviation), 24.7 (1.5) yr old, 24.4 (2.6) kg/m2]. The respiratory quotient (RQ) was used to estimate relative lipid oxidation at rest and during exercise (50% maximal oxygen consumption, 600 kcal expended). A skeletal muscle biopsy was obtained from the vastus lateralis at rest. Transmission electron microscopy was used to determine mitochondrial size and mitochondria-sarcoplasmic reticulum interactions (≤50 nm of distance between organelles). Protein levels of fusion/fission regulators were measured in skeletal muscle by Western blot. Resting RQ and exercise RQ associated inversely with intermyofibrillar mitochondrial size (r = -0.66 and r = -0.60, respectively, P < 0.05). Resting RQ also associated inversely with the percentage of intermyofibrillar mitochondria-sarcoplasmic reticulum interactions (r = -0.62, P = 0.03). Finally, intermyofibrillar mitochondrial size associated inversely with lipid droplet density (r = -0.66, P = 0.01) but directly with mitochondria fusion-to-fission ratio (r = 0.61, P = 0.03). Our results show that whole body lipid oxidation is associated with skeletal muscle intermyofibrillar mitochondrial size, fusion phenotype, and mitochondria-sarcoplasmic-reticulum interactions in nondiabetic humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Castro-Sepulveda
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastian Jannas-Vela
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Fernández-Verdejo
- Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Ávalos-Allele
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - German Tapia
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Villagrán
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolas Quezada
- Departamento de Cirugía Digestiva, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hermann Zbinden-Foncea
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Salud Deportiva, Clinica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile
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Okushima D, Poole DC, Barstow TJ, Kondo N, Chin LMK, Koga S. Effect of differential muscle activation patterns on muscle deoxygenation and microvascular haemoglobin regulation. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:531-541. [PMID: 31944446 PMCID: PMC10466155 DOI: 10.1113/ep088322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Does the presence and extent of heterogeneity in the ratio of O2 delivery to uptake across human muscles relate specifically to different muscle activation patterns? What is the main finding and its importance? During ramp incremental knee-extension and cycling exercise, the profiles of muscle deoxygenation (deoxy[haemoglobin + myoglobin]) and diffusive O2 potential (total[haemoglobin + myoglobin]) in the vastus lateralis corresponded to different muscle activation strategies. However, this was not the case for the rectus femoris, where muscle activation and deoxygenation profiles were dissociated and might therefore be determined by other structural and/or functional attributes (e.g. arteriolar vascular regulation and control of red blood cell flux). ABSTRACT Near-infrared spectroscopy has revealed considerable heterogeneity in the ratio of O2 delivery to uptake as identified by disparate deoxygenation {deoxy[haemoglobin + myoglobin] (deoxy[Hb + Mb])} values in the exercising quadriceps. However, whether this represents a recruitment phenomenon or contrasting vascular and metabolic control, as seen among fibre types, has not been established. We used knee-extension (KE) and cycling (CE) incremental exercise protocols to examine whether differential muscle activation profiles could account for the heterogeneity of deoxy[Hb + Mb] and microvascular haemoconcentration (i.e. total[Hb + Mb]). Using time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy for the quadriceps femoris (vastus lateralis and rectus femoris) during exhaustive ramp exercise in eight participants, we tested the following hypotheses: (i) the deoxy[Hb + Mb] (i.e. fractional O2 extraction) would relate to muscle activation levels across exercise protocols; and (ii) KE would induce greater total[Hb + Mb] (i.e. diffusive O2 potential) at task failure (i.e. peak O2 uptake) than CE irrespective of muscle site. At a given level of muscle activation, as assessed by the relative integrated EMG normalized to maximal voluntary contraction (%iEMGmax ), the vastus lateralis deoxy[Hb + Mb] profile was not different between exercise protocols. However, at peak O2 uptake and until 20% iEMGmax for CE, rectus femoris exhibited a lower deoxy[Hb + Mb] (83.2 ± 15.5 versus 98.2 ± 19.4 μm) for KE than for CE (P < 0.05). The total[Hb + Mb] at peak O2 uptake was not different between exercise protocols for either muscle site. These data support the hypothesis that the contrasting patterns of convective and diffusive O2 transport correspond to different muscle activation patterns in vastus lateralis but not rectus femoris. Thus, the differential deoxygenation profiles for rectus femoris across exercise protocols might be dependent upon specific facets of muscle architecture and functional haemodynamic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Okushima
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, Kobe Design University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Osaka International University, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - David C. Poole
- Departments of Kinesiology and Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Thomas J. Barstow
- Departments of Kinesiology and Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | | | - Lisa M. K. Chin
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shunsaku Koga
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, Kobe Design University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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Kilroe SP, Fulford J, Holwerda AM, Jackman SR, Lee BP, Gijsen AP, van Loon LJC, Wall BT. Short-term muscle disuse induces a rapid and sustained decline in daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E117-E130. [PMID: 31743039 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00360.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Short-term muscle disuse has been reported to lower both postabsorptive and postprandial myofibrillar protein synthesis rates. This study assessed the impact of disuse on daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates following short-term (2 and 7 days) muscle disuse under free living conditions. Thirteen healthy young men (age: 20 ± 1 yr; BMI: 23 ± 1 kg/m-2) underwent 7 days of unilateral leg immobilization via a knee brace, with the nonimmobilized leg acting as a control. Four days before immobilization participants ingested 400 mL of 70% deuterated water, with 50-mL doses consumed daily thereafter. Upper leg bilateral MRI scans and muscle biopsies were collected before and after 2 and 7 days of immobilization to determine quadriceps volume and daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates. Immobilization reduced quadriceps volume in the immobilized leg by 1.7 ± 0.3 and 6.7 ± 0.6% after 2 and 7 days, respectively, with no changes in the control leg. Over the 1-wk immobilization period, myofibrillar protein synthesis rates were 36 ± 4% lower in the immobilized (0.81 ± 0.04%/day) compared with the control (1.26 ± 0.04%/day) leg (P < 0.001). Myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in the control leg did not change over time (P = 0.775), but in the immobilized leg they were numerically lower during the 0- to 2-day period (16 ± 6%, 1.11 ± 0.09%/day, P = 0.153) and were significantly lower during the 2- to 7-day period (44 ± 5%, 0.70 ± 0.06%/day, P < 0.001) when compared with the control leg. We conclude that 1 wk of muscle disuse induces a rapid and sustained decline in daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in healthy young men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Kilroe
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Fulford
- Peninsula National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Facility, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M Holwerda
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah R Jackman
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin P Lee
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Annemie P Gijsen
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Luc J C van Loon
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin T Wall
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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Zheng C, Wang C, Zhang T, Li D, Ni XF, Lin JH, Sun L, Chen B. Exploring the Mechanism of Skeletal Muscle in a Tacrolimus-Induced Posttransplantation Diabetes Mellitus Model on Gene Expression Profiles. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:6542346. [PMID: 31998808 PMCID: PMC6975221 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6542346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a known complication of transplantation that affects the prognosis. Tacrolimus (Tac or FK506) is a widely used immunosuppressant that has been reported to be a risk factor for PTDM and to further induce complications in heart and skeletal muscles, but the mechanism is still largely unknown. In our preliminary experiments, we found that after Tac treatment, blood glucose increased, and the weight of skeletal muscle declined. Here, we hypothesize that tacrolimus can induce PTDM and influence the atrophy of skeletal muscle. METHODS We designed preliminary experiments to establish a tacrolimus-induced PTDM model. Gene expression profiles in quadriceps muscle from this rat model were characterized by oligonucleotide microarrays. Then, differences in gene expression profiles in muscle from PTDM rats that received tacrolimus and control subjects were analyzed by using GeneSpring GX 11.0 software (Agilent). Functional annotation and enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) helped us identify clues for the side effects of tacrolimus. RESULTS Our experiments found that the quadriceps in tacrolimus-induced PTDM group were smaller than those in the control group. The study identified 275 DEGs that may be responsible for insulin resistance and the progression of PTDM, including 86 upregulated genes and 199 downregulated genes. GO and KEGG functional analysis of the DEGs showed a significant correlation between PTDM and muscle development. PPI network analysis screened eight hub genes and found that they were related to troponin and tropomyosin. CONCLUSIONS This study explored the molecular mechanism of muscle atrophy in a tacrolimus-induced PTDM model by bioinformatics analyses. We identified 275 DEGs and identified significant biomarkers for predicting the development and progression of tacrolimus-induced PTDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ding Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-feng Ni
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Hu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linxiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Abstract
The resolution of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) elemental bioimaging is usually constrained by the diameter of the laser spot size and is often not adequate to explore in situ subcellular distributions of elements and proteins in biological tissue sections. Super-resolution reconstruction is a method typically used for many imaging modalities and combines multiple lower resolution images to create a higher resolution image. Here, we present a super-resolution reconstruction method for LA-ICP-MS imaging by ablating consecutive layers of a biological specimen with offset orthogonal scans, resulting in a 10× improvement in resolution for quantitative measurement of dystrophin in murine muscle fibers. Layer-by-layer image reconstruction was also extended to the third dimension without the requirement of image registration across multiple thin section specimens. Quantitative super-resolution reconstruction, combined with Gaussian filtering and application of the Richardson-Lucy total variation algorithm, provided superior image clarity and fidelity in two- and three-dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika T. Westerhausen
- The Atomic Medicine Initiative, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - David P. Bishop
- The Atomic Medicine Initiative, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Annette Dowd
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Jonathan Wanagat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Nerida Cole
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Philip A. Doble
- The Atomic Medicine Initiative, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
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Valladares-Ide D, Peñailillo L, Collao N, Marambio H, Deldicque L, Zbinden-Foncea H. Activation of protein synthesis, regeneration, and MAPK signaling pathways following repeated bouts of eccentric cycling. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E1131-E1139. [PMID: 31593504 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00216.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the activation of skeletal muscle signaling pathways related to protein synthesis and the gene expression of regeneration/degradation markers following repeated bouts of eccentric cycling. Nine untrained men (25.4 ± 1.9 yr) performed two 30-min eccentric cycling bouts (ECC1, ECC2) at 85% of maximal concentric workload, separated by 2 wk. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis before and 2 h after each bout. Indirect markers of muscle damage were assessed before and 24-48 h after exercise. Changes in the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/rbosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1)/ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) and MAPK signaling pathways were measured by Western blot and changes in mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-1β, and myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) were measured by real-time PCR. ECC1 induced greater increases in indirect markers of muscle damage compared with ECC2. Phosphorylation of S6K1 and rpS6 increased after both exercise bouts (P < 0.05), whereas phosphorylation of mTOR increased after ECC2 only (P = 0.03). Atrogin-1 mRNA expression decreased after ECC1 and ECC2 (P < 0.05) without changes in muscle RING-finger protein-1 mRNA. Basal mRNA levels of myoblast determination protein-1 (MyoD), MRF4, and myogenin were higher 2 wk after ECC1 (P < 0.05). MRF4 mRNA increased after ECC1 and ECC2 (P < 0.05), whereas MyoD mRNA expression increased only after ECC1 (P = 0.03). Phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK increased after both exercise bouts (P < 0.05), similar to IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expression. All together, these results suggest that differential regulation of the mTOR pathway and MRF expression could mediate the repeated bout effect observed between an initial and secondary bout of eccentric exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisse Valladares-Ide
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Peñailillo
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Collao
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hugo Marambio
- Centro de Salud Deportiva, Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
| | - Louise Deldicque
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Hermann Zbinden-Foncea
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Salud Deportiva, Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
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50
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Mackay K, González C, Zbinden-Foncea H, Peñailillo L. Effects of oral contraceptive use on female sexual salivary hormones and indirect markers of muscle damage following eccentric cycling in women. Eur J Appl Physiol 2019; 119:2733-2744. [PMID: 31686212 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-019-04254-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effects of oral contraceptive (OC) use on salivary concentrations of testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, and its effects on the changes in indirect markers of muscle damage following eccentric cycling in women. METHODS 10 oral contraceptive users at follicular phase (OC-FOL), 10 non-oral contraceptives users at follicular phase (NOC-FOL), and 10 non-oral contraceptives users at ovulation phase (NOC-OV) participated. Subjects performed 30 min of eccentric cycling at 90% of their maximal concentric power output (PO). Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC), creatine kinase activity (CK), muscle soreness (SOR), and pain pressure threshold of vastus lateralis (PPT-VL) was assessed before, immediately after, and 24-96 h after cycling. Salivary estrogen, progesterone and testosterone concentrations were measured before, 72 and 96 h after exercise. RESULTS No difference in estrogen levels between users and non-users was observed. Testosterone was 45% lower in OC-FOL than NOC-FOL at 96 h post-exercise (P = 0.01). Progesterone was 30.8-fold higher in NOC-OV than OC-FOL and 9.7-fold higher than NOC-FOL at 96 h post-exercise. The NOC-FOL recovered all indirect markers of muscle damage by 72 h post-exercise (P > 0.05). NOC-OV recovered MVC strength and muscle soreness (SOR and PPT-VL) by 96 h post-exercise (P > 0.05). OC-FOL did not recover baseline values of MVC, SOR, CK, and PPT-VL by 96 h. CONCLUSION These results suggest that recovery after exercise-induced muscle damage took longer in OC-FOL, followed by NOC-OV and by NOC-FOL, respectively. Furthermore, testosterone and progesterone levels may affect recovery of indirect markers of muscle damage in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Mackay
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Finis Terrae University, 1509 Pedro de Valdivia Av., Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristopher González
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Finis Terrae University, 1509 Pedro de Valdivia Av., Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hermann Zbinden-Foncea
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Finis Terrae University, 1509 Pedro de Valdivia Av., Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Peñailillo
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Finis Terrae University, 1509 Pedro de Valdivia Av., Providencia, Santiago, Chile.
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