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Yoo SH, Lee DH, Moon DE, Song HK, Jang Y, Kim JB. Anatomical investigations for appropriate needle positioning for thoracic paravertebral blockade in children. J Int Med Res 2013; 40:2370-80. [PMID: 23321195 DOI: 10.1177/030006051204000636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinicians hesitate to perform thoracic paravertebral blockade (TPVB) in children due to the potential high risk of adverse effects. No paediatric anatomical guidelines for TPVB exist. This study aimed to estimate the appropriate depth and distance for safe needle positioning in children. METHODS The depth (D) from the skin to the paravertebral space and the distance (A) from the spinous process to the needle entry point on the skin were measured using chest computed tomography (CT) in children aged between 1 and 9 years. Correlations between age, gender, weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and each of the anatomical measurements were analysed. RESULTS Each measurement correlated significantly with age, weight and height, but not with BMI (n = 373 children). Measurements A and D could be calculated by: A = 13.56 + (0.33 × age [years]) + (0.06 × weight [kg]) + 0.47 × (gender [female = 0, male = 1]); and D = 17.49 - (0.35 × age [years]) + (0.55 × weight [kg]). CONCLUSION These anatomical guidelines for TPVB are recommended to help prevent anaesthetic complications such as pneumothorax, when ultrasonography and CT are unavailable.
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Jang Y, Lee H, Lee S, Choi YS, Ahn B, Kim GH, Kim JJ. Cu(II)-induced molecular and physiological responses in the brown-rot basidiomycete Polyporales sp. KUC9061. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113:790-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05392.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Shim CY, Yang WI, Park S, Kang MK, Ko YG, Choi D, Jang Y, Chung N, Ha JW. Overweight and its association with aortic pressure wave reflection after exercise. Am J Hypertens 2011; 24:1136-42. [PMID: 21833042 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2011.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with arterial stiffening, left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, and diastolic dysfunction. However, there is no data regarding dynamic changes in arterial hemodynamics with exercise in overweight subjects. We hypothesized that overweight women would show a different exercise response in wave reflection compared with lean women. METHODS A total of 59 overweight and 68 lean nondiabetic women (mean age 63 ± 7 years) underwent symptom-limited supine bicycle exercise testing with simultaneous two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Central hemodynamics including central aortic pressure and augmentation index (AIx) were obtained at rest and immediately after peak exercise using radial artery tonometry. RESULTS Overweight women showed a higher LV mass index (lean vs. overweight; 40.2 ± 10.2 vs. 45.3 ± 11.0 g/m(2.7), P = 0.007) and a lower early diastolic mitral annular velocity (6.3 ± 1.8 vs. 5.5 ± 1.6 cm/s, P = 0.013) than lean women. Although the two groups did not differ in peripheral and central hemodynamics including AIx (36.3 ± 11.7 vs. 36.8 ± 10.2%, P = 0.830) and AIx normalized for heart rate 75/min (AIx@75, 30.4 ± 11.5 vs. 30.1 ± 9.9%, P = 0.885) at rest, AIx (20.9 ± 11.5 vs. 27.6 ± 10.4%, P = 0.004) and AIx@75 (25.8 ± 10.2 vs. 31.6 ± 7.7%, P = 0.002) at peak exercise were significantly higher in overweight women. In simple correlation analysis, body mass index (BMI) showed significant correlations with AIx, and AIx@75 at peak exercise, whereas no relationships were found with those parameters at rest. Multiple regression analysis showed that BMI was an independent determinant of AIx@75 at peak exercise (β = 0.28, P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Despite similar resting peripheral and central hemodynamics, the wave reflection in overweight women after exercise differed from that in lean women. These findings suggest that being overweight is related to higher wave reflection after exercise.
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Oguri M, Kato K, Yoshida T, Fujimaki T, Horibe H, Yokoi K, Watanabe S, Satoh K, Aoyagi Y, Tanaka M, Yoshida H, Shinkai S, Nozawa Y, Shin DJ, Lee JH, Jang Y, Yamada Y. Association of a genetic variant of BTN2A1 with metabolic syndrome in East Asian populations. J Med Genet 2011; 48:787-92. [DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2010.088138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kim SA, Shim CY, Kim JM, Lee HJ, Choi DH, Choi EY, Jang Y, Chung N, Ha JW. Impact of left ventricular longitudinal diastolic functional reserve on clinical outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Heart 2011; 97:1233-8. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.219220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Lee YJ, Kang BW, Chae YS, Lee SJ, Moon JH, Kim JG, Sohn SK, Jang Y, Jeon SW, Jung MK, Jung HY, Yu W. A pilot study of adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 plus cisplatin for stage II-IV (M0) gastric adenocarcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e14663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Yee DS, Jang Y, Kim Y, Seo DC. Terahertz spectrum analyzer based on frequency and power measurement. OPTICS LETTERS 2010; 35:2532-2534. [PMID: 20680048 DOI: 10.1364/ol.35.002532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a terahertz (THz) spectrum analyzer based on frequency and power measurement. A power spectrum of a continuous THz wave is measured through optical heterodyne detection using an electromagnetic THz frequency comb and a bolometer and power measurement using a bolometer with a calibrated responsivity. The THz spectrum analyzer has a frequency precision of 1x10(-11), a frequency resolution of 1Hz, a frequency band up to 1.7THz, and an optical noise equivalent power of approximately 1 pW/Hz(1/2).
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Kim N, Shin J, Sim E, Lee CW, Yee DS, Jeon MY, Jang Y, Park KH. Monolithic dual-mode distributed feedback semiconductor laser for tunable continuous-wave terahertz generation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:13851-13859. [PMID: 19654791 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.013851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report on a monolithic dual-mode semiconductor laser operating in the 1550-nm range as a compact optical beat source for tunable continuous-wave (CW) terahertz (THz) generation. It consists of two distributed feedback (DFB) laser sections and one phase section between them. Each wavelength of the two modes can be independently tuned by adjusting currents in micro-heaters which are fabricated on the top of the each DFB section. The continuous tuning of the CW THz emission from Fe(+)-implanted InGaAs photomixers is successfully demonstrated using our dual-mode laser as the excitation source. The CW THz frequency is continuously tuned from 0.17 to 0.49 THz.
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Kim JS, Jang IK, Kim JS, Kim TH, Takano M, Kume T, Hur NW, Ko YG, Choi D, Hong MK, Jang Y. Optical coherence tomography evaluation of zotarolimus-eluting stents at 9-month follow-up: comparison with sirolimus-eluting stents. Heart 2009; 95:1907-12. [PMID: 19535352 PMCID: PMC2775122 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2009.167759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the vascular response at 9 months after zotarolimus-eluting stent (ZES; Endeavor) implantation using optical coherence tomography (OCT). These findings were compared with those after implantation of a sirolimus-eluting stent (SES; Cypher Select). DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study with prospective OCT registry. SETTING Nine months after ZES or SES implantation. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 68 patients (32 ZES and 36 SES) underwent OCT at 9 months after stent implantation. The neointima hyperplasia (NIH) thickness inside each strut and percentage of NIH area at every 1 mm cross section were measured. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT The degree of neointimal coverage and the prevalence of malapposition at 9 months after ZES and SES implantation using OCT. RESULTS The mean (SD) NIH thickness (251.2 (110.0) mum vs 85.5 (53.3) mum, p<0.001) and percentage of NIH area (27.9 (9.1)% vs 11.2 (7.1)%, p<0.001) were significantly greater in ZES than in SES. The prevalence of uncovered strut as well as malapposed strut was significantly lower in ZES than in SES (0.3% vs 12.3%, p<0.001 and 0.08% vs 2.6%, p<0.001). Thrombus was not observed in ZES (0.0% in ZES vs 27.8% in SES, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Neointimal coverage in ZES was almost complete and malapposition was very rare at 9-months' follow-up.
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Paik JK, Yeo HY, Kim HJ, Park JY, Lim HH, Lee JH, Jang Y, Lee JH. Abstract: P1428 ASSOCIATIONS OF SERUM LYCOPENE CONCENTRATION WITH BRACHIAL-ANKLE PULSE WAVE VELOCITY AND MARKERS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND INFLAMMATION. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)71436-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hyun YJ, Park HY, Yun J, Kim JY, Chae JS, Lee SH, Lee JH, Jang Y. Abstract: P1248 ASSOCIATIONS OF PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE LEVEL WITH BRACHIAL-ANKLE PULSE WAVE VELOCITY, LDL ATHEROGENECITY, AND INFLAMMATION PROFILE IN HEALTHY MEN. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)71265-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Moon JY, Choi D, Jang Y. Retrograde coronary interventions of chronic total occlusions. CASE REPORTS 2009; 2009:bcr2006091520. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr.2006.091520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ha JW, Chung N, Jang Y, Rim SJ. Tricuspid stenosis and regurgitation: Doppler and color flow echocardiography and cardiac catheterization findings. Clin Cardiol 2009; 23:51-2. [PMID: 10680030 PMCID: PMC6655003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
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Kang WC, Ahn TH, Moon CI, Han SH, Shin EK, Kim JS, Ko YG, Choi D, Jang Y, Kim BK, Oh SJ, Jeon DW, Yang JY. Comparison of inflammatory markers and angiographic outcomes after implantation of sirolimus and paclitaxel-eluting stents. Heart 2008; 95:970-5. [PMID: 18772180 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2008.153114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We compared the degree of systemic inflammation and its relation to the angiographic outcomes after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantations. METHODS We implanted a single DES in 79 stable angina patients (50 men; 60.4 (9.5) years of age; sirolimus-eluting stent (SES), n = 38; paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES), n = 41). The high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were determined before and at 24 hours, 72 hours, and 4 weeks after the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). An angiography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) were performed. RESULTS The hs-CRP and IL-6 levels at baseline did not differ between the two groups. The hs-CRP increased significantly from baseline at 24 hours and 72 hours after the PCI in both groups and there was a significant increase in the IL-6 level at 24 hours after the PCI in both groups. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in any of the hs-CRP or IL-6 measurements. At follow-up, the late lumen loss was significantly higher in the PES group than in the SES group (0.57 (0.56) mm vs 0.28 (0.58) mm, respectively, p = 0.020). The neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) volume in the PES group was significantly higher than that in the SES group (23.1 (22.7) vs 3.8 (7.1) mm(3), respectively, p = 0.000). The percentage luminal volume reduction was higher in the PES group than in the SES group (18.9 vs 3.9%, p = 0.002). The absolute values or change in the inflammatory markers did not correlate with the NIH or stent volume reduction. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the benefits obtained from the SES, which reduce neointimal proliferation, are not probably mediated by the attenuation of the systemic inflammatory markers hs-CRP or IL-6.
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Kim B, Oh S, Jeon D, Yoon S, Moon Y, Kim K, Jang Y, Cho H, Yang J. WOULD METABOLIC SYNDROME AFFECT THE PATTERNS OR CAUSES OF RESTENOSIS AFTER DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION? AN INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND STUDY. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)70534-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hyun YJ, Koh SJ, Chae JS, Kim JY, Kim OY, Lim HH, Jang Y, Park S, Ordovas JM, Lee JH. Atherogenecity of LDL and unfavorable adipokine profile in metabolically obese, normal-weight woman. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16:784-9. [PMID: 18239579 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2007.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship of visceral adiposity with adipocytokines and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle distribution and oxidation in Asian metabolically obese, normal-weight (MONW) individuals has not been evaluated. We aimed to investigate the association between visceral adiposity and adipocytokines and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in MONW Korean women with normal glucose tolerance. METHODS AND PROCEDURES We examined the metabolic characteristics of 135 non-obese (BMI <25 kg/m(2)) women aged 25-64 years. Twenty-five women (BMI <25 kg/m(2) and visceral fat adiposity (VFA) > or =100 cm(2)) were classified as MONW and 25 women (BMI <25 kg/m(2) and VFA <100 cm(2)), pair-matched for age, weight, height, and menopausal status, as control group. Plasma lipid profiles and adipocytokines were evaluated in these two groups. RESULTS MONW subjects had higher systolic (P < 0.05) and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.005) and higher concentrations of triacylglycerol (TG) (P < 0.005), insulin (P < 0.01), and free fatty acid (FFA) (P < 0.05) than control subjects. There was no significant difference between two groups in LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations; however, MONW subjects had smaller LDL particles (P < 0.01) and higher concentrations of oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) (P < 0.05) compared with controls. Moreover, MONW subjects had higher concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) (P < 0.05), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (P < 0.05) and leptin (P < 0.05), and lower plasma adiponectin concentrations (P < 0.05). Higher intake of saturated fat with lower ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to saturated fatty acids (SFA) and lower fiber intake than normal subjects were found in MONW women. DISCUSSION We found an unfavorable inflammatory profile and a more atherogenic LDL profile in MONW female subjects even in the absence of a known CVD risk factors. Moreover, MONW consumed more saturated fat and less fiber than the control group.
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Park MH, Kim KS, Lee HJ, Cho YM, Lee HK, Park KS, Shin DJ, Jang Y, Kim KJ, Jung J, Kim HL, Oh B, Lee JY. Allelic frequencies and heterozygosities of microsatellite markers covering the whole genome in the Korean. J Hum Genet 2008; 53:254-266. [PMID: 18259685 DOI: 10.1007/s10038-008-0247-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2007] [Accepted: 12/25/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Microsatellite markers are an essential tool for genetic linkage analysis because of their high polymorphism content. Four hundred commercially available markers covering the entire genome were genotyped from 578 sib individuals from 249 Korean families. Allelic frequencies and heterozygosities were determined for each marker loci and compared between Korean, Taiwanese, Japanese and Caucasian populations. In the three Asian populations, 10-13% of the markers had less than 0.6 heterozygosity, whereas in the Caucasian population, only 0.5% of the markers had less than 0.6 heterozygosity. Mean identical by descent (IBD) values were calculated for 578 sib individuals. Analysis of IBD values greater than 0.5 suggested that markers with low heterozygosity can also provide positive linkages, at least for the IBD sharing method of model-free linkage analysis. The data presented in this study will be a useful reference for genome-wide screens of Koreans and comparative studies with other ethnic populations.
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Seo J, Cho N, Kim H, Tsurumi T, Jang Y, Lee W, Lee S. Cell cycle arrest and lytic induction of EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cells by a histone deacetylase inhibitor, Trichostatin A. Oncol Rep 2008. [DOI: 10.3892/or.19.1.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Jang S, Park SR, Jang Y, Park J, Yoon Y, Park S. Automated Individual Prescription of Exercise with an XML-based Expert System. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS : ... ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2007; 2006:882-5. [PMID: 17282325 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1616556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Continuously motivating people to exercise regularly is more important than finding a barriers such as lack of time, cost of equipment or gym membership, lack of nearby facilities and poor weather or night-time lighting. Our proposed system presents practicable methods of motivation through a web-based exercise prescription service. Users are instructed to exercise according to their physical ability by means of an automated individual prescription of exercise checked and approved by a personal trainer or exercise specialist after being tested with the HIMS, fitness assessment system. Furthermore, utilizing BIOFIT exercise prescriptions scheduled by an expert system can help users exercise systematically. Automated individual prescriptions are built in XML based documents because the data needs to be flexible, expansible and convertible structures to process diverse exercise templates. Web-based exercise prescription service makes users stay interested in exercise even if they live in many different environments.
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Suk L, Oh S, Jang Y, Son H. The factors influencing the anxiety and depression of parents of children with burn injured. Burns 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2006.10.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Moon JY, Choi D, Jang Y. Retrograde coronary interventions of chronic total occlusions. Heart 2007; 93:199. [PMID: 17228069 PMCID: PMC1861386 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2006.091520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Park JI, Jang Y, Lee ES. 335 EFFECT OF VITAMIN E ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF BOVINE OOCYTES AFTER CHEMICAL ACTIVATION. Reprod Fertil Dev 2007. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv19n1ab335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is known to induce apoptotic cell death by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from in vitro culture systems. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Vitamin E (VitE), as antioxidant, on development of bovine embryos activated in vitro. Bovine ovaries were collected from slaughtered cows at a local abattoir. Oocytes were aspirated from follicles 3-8 mm in diameter and transferred to maturation medium: tissue culture medium (TCM)-199 supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal calf serum, 100 mg/mL-1 l-cysteine, 20 mg/mL-1 sodium pyruvate, gonadotropins (250 IU each of eCG and hCG/mL), 10 mg/mL-1 epidermal growth factor, and 100 �M VitE. Oocytes were cultured at 38.9�C in 5% CO2 in humidified air. After 22 hours of culture, oocytes with polar bodies were selected and subjected to activation treatments. Oocytes were exposed to calcium ionomycin (5 �M for 5 min), followed by incubation with 6-DMAP (2 mM) for 3.5 hours in medium supplemented with or without VitE (100 �M). After activation, oocytes were cultured in mSOF medium containing 0.8% BSA at 38.9�C in 5% CO2, 5% O2 in humidified air for 7–8 days. Cell numbers were counted by the number of nuclei of blastocysts stained with Hoechst 33342, and apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay using a MK500 kit (Takara Bio, Inc., Otsu, Shiga, Japan). Total cell and apoptotic cell number were determined under a fluorescence microscope. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test and chi-square test. The cleavage and blastocyst rates were significantly higher (P < 0.05) after activation with VitE (78.1% and 16.3%, n = 80) than without VitE (66.7% and 11.0%, n = 60). Total cell numbers were also significantly higher (P < 0.05) in blastocysts after activation with VitE (143.0 ± 34.02, n = 21) than in those without VitE (127.63 ± 40.25, n = 20). However, the percentage of TUNEL-positive (apoptotic) cells was similar between blastocysts activated with VitE (5.38 ± 2.22) and those without VitE (6.76 ± 1.98). The results of the present study demonstrate that vitamin E added to activation medium promoted further development of activated embryos, although its role in the alleviation of apoptosis remains unclear.
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Bae Y, Park C, Han J, Hong YJ, Song HH, Shin ES, Lee JE, Han BG, Jang Y, Shin DJ, Yoon SK. Interaction between GNB3 C825T and ACE I/D polymorphisms in essential hypertension in Koreans. J Hum Hypertens 2006; 21:159-66. [PMID: 17066084 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1002110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Essential hypertension (EH) is considered a typical polygenic disease, so the evaluation of gene-gene interactions rather than the determination of single gene effects is crucial to understanding any genetic influences. The G-protein beta3-subunit (GNB3) 825T allele, associated with enhanced G-protein signalling, is a strong candidate for interactions with polymorphisms, such as insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene. We investigated whether there is an association between GNB3 C825T and ACE I/D polymorphisms for the development of EH. We carried out a case-control study of 688 hypertensive and 924 normotensive subjects recruited from South Korea. The GNB3 C825T and ACE I/D genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods, respectively. The distributions of alleles and genotypes for the GNB3 C825T and ACE I/D polymorphisms were not found to be significantly associated with hypertensive status in either males or females. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the GNB3 825T allele carriers were positively associated with EH in males (odds ratio (OR) for TT/CT, 1.459; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.048-2.033, P=0.0255). In analysis of gene-gene interaction, we found that there was a significant interaction between the GNB3 825T and ACE D alleles (P<0.05). OR for EH was significantly higher in 825T allele carriers with ACE D allele (OR, 1.490; 95% CI, 1.117-1.987, P=0.0067). A significant interaction between the GNB3 825T and the ACE D alleles may contribute to the predisposing effect for the development of EH in Koreans.
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Shin MJ, Jang Y, Koh SJ, Chae JS, Kim OY, Lee JE, Ordovas JM, Lee JH. The association of SNP276G>T at adiponectin gene with circulating adiponectin and insulin resistance in response to mild weight loss. Int J Obes (Lond) 2006; 30:1702-8. [PMID: 16607383 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the adiponectin (ADIPOQ) locus influence changes in circulating adiponectin and the features of insulin resistance in response to a weight loss intervention. SUBJECTS In total, 294 nondiabetic/overweight-obese Koreans participated in a clinical intervention study lasting 12 weeks involving a caloric reduction of -300kcal/day. METHODS Plasma adiponectin, blood lipids, glucose and insulin concentrations were measured at baseline and after weight loss. Insulin resistance was estimated by homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) derived from fasting glucose and insulin concentrations. We genotyped for three SNPs, 45T>G, 276G>T and -11377C>G. RESULTS At baseline, HOMA-IR was significantly higher in GG homozygotes than in carriers of the T allele at SNP276G>T of the adiponectin gene (P<0.05). With regard to SNP45T>G and SNP -11377C>G, we did not find any genotype related differences in baseline levels of HOMA-IR and adiponectin. In the 45/276 haplotype test, homozygous for the TG haplotype had significantly lower concentrations of plasma adiponectin (P<0.05). After the 12-week weight loss intervention, the significant decreases in HOMA-IR (P<0.001) and increases in adiponectin (P<0.01) were observed in GG homozygotes at SNP276, which were not shown in carriers of the T allele. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the decreases in HOMA-IR between the GG homozygotes and carriers of the T allele at SNP276 (P<0.05). Regarding SNP45T>G and SNP -11377C>G, there was no association between SNP45T>G and SNP -11377C>G and decreases in HOMA-IR. In the 45/276 haplotype test, there was a significant difference in changes of adiponectin levels among those with different haplotype combinations (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The SNP276G>T of the ADIPOQ gene is associated with different responses of circulating adiponectin and insulin resistance to mild weight loss in overweight-obese subjects.
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Jang Y, Kim OY, Lee JH, Koh SJ, Chae JS, Kim JY, Park S, Cho H, Lee JE, Ordovas JM. Genetic variation at the perilipin locus is associated with changes in serum free fatty acids and abdominal fat following mild weight loss. Int J Obes (Lond) 2006; 30:1601-8. [PMID: 16585946 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perilipin (PLIN) is a class of protein-coating lipid droplets in adipocytes. We aimed to examine the association between common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at PLIN locus with circulating free fatty acid (FFA) and abdominal fat distribution in response to weight loss. METHODS Non-diabetic/overweight-obese Koreans (n=177) participated in a 12-week calorie restriction (-300kcal/day) program. Seven SNPs (6209T>C, 10076C>G, 10171A>T, 11482G>A, 13042A>G, 13048C>T and 14995A>T), abdominal fat areas (visceral/subcutaneous fat areas at 1st lumbar and 4th lumbar levels), serum lipids, glucose, insulin, FFA, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and urinary 8-epi-prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) were examined. RESULTS Single-nucleotide polymorphisms 10076C>G/10171A>T showed the strongest positive linkage disequilibrium (LD) (D'=0.923, R (2)=0.839, P<0.001) and SNPs11482G>A/14995A>T showed moderate positive LD (D'=0.824, R (2)=0.578, P<0.001). Calorie restriction induced 4.6% weight loss with significant abdominal fat reduction. In response to weight loss, subjects with nCA/nCA haplotypes at SNPs 10076C>G/10171A>T showed greater reduction in FFA levels than those with CA/CA haplotype (CA/CA: C/C at SNP 10076 and A/A at SNP 10171, nCA: non-CA haplotype carrier). On the other hand, subjects with nGA/nGA haplotype at SNPs 11482G>A/14995A>T had increased FFA levels with a rapid loss in abdominal fat, whereas GA/GA haplotype carriers had reduction in FFA levels. These results still remained significant after adjusting for age, gender and BMI. Prostaglandin F(2alpha) and oxidized LDL were also more reduced in GA/GA haplotype carriers than in nGA haplotype carriers. This effect remained significant after adjusting for baseline level, age, gender and BMI. Paradoxically, nGA haplotype carriers had increased levels of urinary PGF(2alpha) after weight reduction. CONCLUSION Fasting plasma FFA changes following a modest weight loss in overweight-obese subjects are influenced by the genetic variability at the PLIN locus. Furthermore, circulating FFA changes rather than body fat itself may determine changes in lipid peroxides such as urinary PGF(2alpha) and oxidized LDL.
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Shin MJ, Hyun YJ, Kim OY, Kim JY, Jang Y, Lee JH. Weight loss effect on inflammation and LDL oxidation in metabolically healthy but obese (MHO) individuals: low inflammation and LDL oxidation in MHO women. Int J Obes (Lond) 2006; 30:1529-34. [PMID: 16552406 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, a subtype of obesity characterized as a metabolically healthy but obese (MHO) individual has been identified. However, limited data are available on these MHO individuals' metabolic and inflammatory profiles, and the effect of weight loss on these profiles. We investigated metabolic and inflammatory markers in MHO women to determine the effects of a 12-week weight loss on those markers. SUBJECTS One hundred and twenty-nine overweight-obese Korean women participated for 12 weeks in a clinical intervention study involving a 300 kcal/day intake reduction. The subjects were divided into two groups: MHO and metabolically abnormal obese (MAO) individuals. METHODS Computed tomography was performed. C-reactive protein (CRP), interkeukin-6 (IL-6) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL), as well as blood lipids, glucose and insulin concentrations were determined at baseline and after weight loss. RESULTS At baseline, plasma CRP (P<0.001), IL-6 (P<0.05) and oxidized LDL (P<0.001) levels were significantly lower in the MHO group than in the MAO group. Visceral fat at L1 (P<0.005) and visceral fat at L4 (P<0.001) were significantly lower in the MHO group than in the MAO group. The treatment induced weight loss averaging 3.11% of initial body weight, and the degree of weight loss between the two groups was similar. Visceral fat at L1 and L4 was reduced from its initial values by 3.2 and 5.4%, respectively, after weight loss. The levels of CRP (P<0.05) and oxidized LDL (P<0.01) were significantly reduced in the MAO group after the 12-week weight loss, whereas these effects were not seen in the MHO group. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that MHO individuals exhibited lower visceral fat accumulation and more favorable metabolic and inflammatory states than MAO individuals. After a 12-week weight loss program, significant reductions in blood lipids, CRP and oxidized LDL levels were observed in MAO individuals. However, there was no measurable effect of weight loss on lipid profiles and inflammation in MHO individuals, indicating differing effects of weight loss on these markers between MAO and MHO groups.
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Jang Y, Gerhardt HC. Divergence in the calling songs between sympatric and allopatric populations of the southern wood cricket Gryllus fultoni (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). J Evol Biol 2006; 19:459-72. [PMID: 16599922 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.01014.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the eastern United States the wood cricket Gryllus fultoni (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) occurs in sympatry with G. vernalis in an area between eastern Kansas and west of the Appalachian Mountains. Calling songs were recorded from 13 sympatric and allopatric localities. Both field and laboratory recordings showed that chirp rate (CR) and pulse rate (PR) overlapped extensively between allopatric populations of G. fultoni and sympatric populations of G. vernalis; by contrast, there was little or no overlap in these variables between sympatric populations of these two species. Divergence in PR and CR between the two species was thus greater in areas of sympatry than in areas of allopatry. Our field and laboratory studies of G. fultoni calling songs thus demonstrate the pattern expected of character displacement and support the genetic assumptions of this hypothesis. Other possible explanations for the sympatric divergence such as ecological character displacement and clinal variation are discussed.
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Sohn S, Kwon H, Kim K, Park C, Kim H, Kim S, Park H, Park H, Jeong Y, Kim S, Jang Y, Kim Y, Cho S, Min K, Kim Y. Association between Genetic Variations in FGF receptors and Airway Hyperresponsiveness. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Park JI, Jang Y, Lee ES. 317 EFFECT OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES (ROS) ON ACTIVATION OF BOVINE OOCYTES MATURED IN VITRO. Reprod Fertil Dev 2006. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv18n2ab317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E is an antioxidant that protects embryos from oxidative stress and supports embryonic development in vitro. This study was carried out to assess the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by measuring the effects of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and vitamin E (VitE) on chemical activation of in vitro-matured oocytes. Bovine ovaries were collected from slaughtered cows at a local abattoir. Oocytes were aspirated from follicles 3-8 mm in diameter and transferred to maturation medium: tissue culture medium (TCM)-199 supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal calf serum, 100 mg/L-cysteinr, 44 mg/L sodium pyruvate, gonadotropins (each 250 IU of eCG and hCG/mL), and 10 ng/mL epidermal growth factor. Oocytes were cultured at 38.9�C in 5% CO2 in humidified air. After 22 h of culture, oocytes with polar bodies were selected and submitted to activation treatments. Oocytes were exposed to calcium ionomycin (5 �M for 5 min) followed by incubation with 6-DMAP (2 mM) for 3.5 h in medium supplemented with or without VitE (100 �m). Routine in vitro fertilization (IVF) was also performed for 18 h as control treatment with or without VitE. After activation, oocytes were cultured in mSOF medium containing 0.8% BSA at 38.9�C in 5% CO2, 5% O2 in humidified air for 16-18 h. H2O2 content was measured and rate of development was monitored. For detection of H2O2, individual oocytes were stained with 22,72-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) and observed under fluorescence microscope (Hashimoto et al. 2000 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 56, 520-526). Levels of H2O2 were analyzed by counting the number of black-white pixels of TIFF images (ImageJ ver. 1.32; http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij) after conversion of fluorescence image. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test and chi-square test. The H2O2 contents were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the activation group without VitE (218 pixels, n = 49) than IVF without VitE (210 pixels, n = 50). Levels of H2O2 in oocytes activated with VitE were also higher (P < 0.05) than in the IVF group with VitE (216 pixels, n = 50 vs. 210 pixels, n = 51). Between groups with or without VitE, the H2O2 contents were not different in both activation and IVF. The cleavage rate to the 2-cell stage and development rate to blastocysts after activation with VitE (77.8% and 15.1%, n = 72) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than in those without VitE (63.3% and 10.2%, n = 60). The results of the present study demonstrate that the chemical activation increased accumulation of H2O2 in oocytes compared to the IVF condition. Although ROS level did not affect chemical activation, vitamin E added in the activation medium promoted further development of activated embryos.
This work was supported by a grant from the BioGreen 21 Program (20050301-034-443-026-03-00), Rural Development Administration, Korea.
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Jang Y, Kim G, Chiriboga D. Acculturation and manifestation of depressive symptoms among Korean-American older adults. Aging Ment Health 2005; 9:500-7. [PMID: 16214697 DOI: 10.1080/13607860500193021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the role of acculturation in manifestation of depressive symptoms among 230 Korean-American older adults (M age = 69.8, SD = 7.05) in Florida. Given the cultural emphasis on modesty and self-effacement in the traditional Korean society, we hypothesized that older Korean-Americans who were less acculturated to American culture, when compared to the more acculturated ones, would be more likely to inhibit positive affects in depressive symptom reports. Using two validated measures of depressive symptoms, the short forms of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-SF) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), different response patterns for low and high acculturation groups were identified. First, there was low comparability in the factor structures for both the GDS-SF and the CES-D across low and high acculturation groups. A differential item function (DIF) analysis based on partial correlations indicated that older adults in the low acculturation group inhibited endorsing positive affect items; one item in the GDS-SF (#7 'feel happy') and two items in the CES-D (# 5 'felt hopeful' and # 8 'was happy'). The finding suggests the substantial cultural influences in expressing emotions, especially those related to positive affects. Implications are discussed from a cultural perspective.
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Hwang S, Jang Y, Oh S, Kim S, Ji H, Kim H, Lee K. Automatic Simultaneous Sterno-Thoracic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Device Produces Better Hemodynamic Effects Than Standard Manual Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Ann Emerg Med 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.06.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Park J, Jang Y. 271 ASSESSMENT OF NUCLEAR STATUS OF ACTIVATED BOVINE OOCYTES MATURED IN DIFFERENT MATURATION CONDITIONS IN VITRO. Reprod Fertil Dev 2005. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv17n2ab271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to assess the nuclear status after parthenogenetic activation in in vitro matured oocytes under different conditions. Bovine ovaries were collected from slaughtered cows at a local abattoir. Oocytes were aspirated from follicles of 3–8 mm in diameter and transferred to maturation medium: tissue culture medium (TCM)-199 supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal calf serum, 100 mg/mL l-cysteine, 20 mg/mL sodium pyruvate, gonadotropins (each 250 IU of eCG and hCG/mL), and 10 mg/mL epidermal growth factor, with or without 5 mM hypotaurine and taurine. Oocytes were cultured at 38.9°C in 5% CO2 in humidified air. After 24 h of culture, oocytes with polar body were selected and submitted to activation treatments. Oocytes were exposed to calcium ionomycin (5 μM for 5 min) followed by incubation with 6-DMAP (2 mM), roscovitine (50 μM), or 6-DMAP + roscovitine for 3.5 h. After activation, oocytes were cultured in mSOF medium containing 0.8% BSA at 38.9°C in 5% CO2, 5% O2 in humidified air for 16 h and stained with Hoechst 33342 or aceto-orcein for assessment of nuclear status. Nuclear status was recorded as follows: 1PB (polar body) + 1PN (pronucleus), 2PB + 1PN and others. Data were analyzed using chi-square test. The maturation rate of bovine oocytes cultured in maturation medium containing hypotaurine/taurine (89.3%, n = 84) was higher (P < 0.05) than those cultured without hypotaurine/taurine (72%, n = 93). In the oocytes matured with hypotaurine/taurine, the rates of diploid activation (1PB + 1PN) were 84% (n = 50) in oocytes treated with 6-DMAP + roscovitine, 78.6% (n = 56) with 6-DMAP, and 52% (n = 50) with roscovitine. In the oocytes matured without hypotaurine/taurine, the rates of diploid activation were 80% (n = 60) in oocytes treated with 6-DMAP + roscovitine, 72% (n = 50) with 6-DMAP, and 54% (n = 50) with roscovitine. The rates of diploid activation were not different in oocytes matured with or without hypotaurine/taurine and among activation treatments. The oocytes treated with roscovitine showed a lower rate (P < 0.05) of diploid activation and higher rate (39.3–40%) of second polar body extrusion (1PN + 2PB) than the other activation groups in both maturation conditions. Cleavage rates to 2-cell stage were 40–45% in all groups. Development rate of blastocysts were 7–10% in all the groups treated with 6-DMAP and 6-DMAP + roscovitine and no blastocysts were obtained from the groups treated with roscovitine alone. Hypotaurine/taurine are known to be stable and potent antioxidants, and have shown the properties of supporting oocyte maturation and further embryonic development (Guerin and Menezo 1995 Zygote 3, 333–43; Mizushima and Fukui 2001 Theriogenology 55, 1432–45). In this study, although the effectiveness of hypotaurine/taurine on promoting oocyte maturation was observed, there were no significant improvements in the rate of diploid activation in oocytes matured with hypotaurine/taurine. These results suggest that the nuclear status of activated oocytes may not have a direct relationship with the enhanced maturation condition.
This work was supported by BioGreen 21 Program(#1000520030100000-1), Republic of Korea.
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Kim OY, Cho EY, Park HY, Jang Y, Lee JH. Additive effect of the mutations in the β3-adrenoceptor gene and UCP3 gene promoter on body fat distribution and glycemic control after weight reduction in overweight subjects with CAD or metabolic syndrome. Int J Obes (Lond) 2004; 28:434-41. [PMID: 14708035 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of the mutations in the beta3-adrenoceptor (beta3-AR) gene and/or uncoupling protein3 (UCP3) gene promoter on body fat distribution and glycemic control after mild weight reduction in overweight-obese subjects with coronary artery disease (CAD) or metabolic syndrome. DESIGN Clinical intervention study of the -300 kcal/day mild weight reduction program for 12 weeks. SUBJECTS A total of 224 overweight-obese subjects with CAD or metabolic disorder, subdivided into the following four categories: (1) wild type (TT-CC, n=73); (2) only UCP3 promoter variant (TT-CT/TT, n=90); (3) only beta3-AR variant (TA/AA-CC, n=29); (4) both variants (TA/AA-CT/TT, n=32). MEASUREMENT Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, calorie intakes, body fat distribution, serum glucose, insulin, free fatty acids, C-peptide and lipids before and after weight reduction. RESULTS After 12 weeks, all subjects lost approximately 5% of their initial body weight. Despite similar weight reduction, the highest decreases in abdominal adipose tissue at both L1 and L4 levels were observed in the 'wild-type' group (P<0.001) and the second highest in 'only UPC3 promoter variant' group (P<0.001). On the other hand, both variant-carriers had the smallest reduction only in visceral fat area at the L4 level. All subjects except both variant-carriers showed significant reductions in the fasting levels of glucose and FFA. The response areas of glucose (P<0.01) and insulin (P<0.05) were reduced largest in the 'wild-type' group and second largest in the 'UCP3 promoter variant' group. CONCLUSION All the four groups showed similar weight reduction after -300 kcal/d for 12 weeks. However, the beneficial effects on body fat distribution and glycemic control were greatest in the 'wild-type' group and smallest in 'both variants' group. In addition, these effects were less beneficial in carriers with beta3-AR gene variant than with UCP3 gene promoter variant.
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Jang Y, Haley WE, Mortimer JA, Small BJ. Moderating effects of psychosocial attributes on the association between risk factors and disability in later life. Aging Ment Health 2003; 7:163-70. [PMID: 12775395 DOI: 10.1080/1360786031000101111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the roles of psychosocial attributes in the associations between potential risk factors (age, gender, marital status, education, and chronic conditions) and disability in later life, and in particular how neuroticism and social resources (social network, received support, and satisfaction with support) modify the linkages between risk factors and disability. The main and moderating effects were empirically tested using a sample of 444 community-dwelling older adults in Florida (MU age = 72.3) who were cognitively intact. The likelihood of disability increased with advancing age, more chronic conditions, higher levels of neuroticism, more received support, and less satisfaction w ith support. In addition to the main effects, neuroticism and received support interacted with age and chronic conditions, strengthening the associations between risk factors and disability. Results suggested that personality and social support deserve greater attention as factors that can alter the disability process.
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Cho H, Cho E, Park H, Koh Y, Lee J, Jang Y. 3P-0750 1405V CETP polymorphism is associated with small, dense LDL concentration and LDL diameter in healthy Korean men and women. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)90968-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chae J, Park S, Kim H, Jang Y, Lee J, Randolph R, Davies A. 4P-0934 Reduction in plasma homocysteine levels and lipid peroxidation through intake of multivitamin-multimineral supplementation. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)91192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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88
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Kim J, Hyun Y, Lee J, Jang Y, Frier H, Ntanios F, Greene H. 2P-0410 Effects of weight loss on oxidative stress, C-reactive protein and visceral fat. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)90552-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Cho E, Park HY, Kim Yoon SJ, Cho HK, Lee J, Jang Y. 4P-1169 The apo A5 SNP3(T-1131C) polymorphism affects serum triglyceride but not associated with coronary artery disease in Koreans. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)91425-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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90
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Hwang K, Jang Y. 3P-0672 Antiproliferative mechanisms of raxofelast (IRFI-016), a hydrophilic vitamin E-like antioxidant, in H2O2-stimulated rat aortic smooth muscle cells. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)90891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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91
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Lee J, Jang Y, Kim J. 3WS23-3 Dietary transition, obesity status and cardiovascular risk factors in Koreans. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)90828-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Cho H, Cho E, Park H, Koh Y, Lee J, Jang Y. 3P-0749 Impact of T-1131C polymorphism within A5 gene on the small, dense LDL concentration in healthy Korean men and women. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)90967-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Li G, Chen X, Jang Y, Wang J, Xing X, Yang W, Hu Y. Obesity, coronary heart disease risk factors and diabetes in Chinese: an approach to the criteria of obesity in the Chinese population. Obes Rev 2002; 3:167-72. [PMID: 12164468 DOI: 10.1046/j.1467-789x.2002.00067.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the relationship between excess body weight and the risks of hypertension and diabetes in the population of northeastern China. Subsections of a cross-sectional survey in Da Qing City were used to assess the relationship of excess weight to risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). A 6-year prospective study also assessed the probability of developing Type 2 diabetes. A total of 2856 adults (25-70 years of age) were assessed cross-sectionally and 629 non-diabetic subjects of similar age were followed-up for 6 years. Blood pressure, plasma fasting glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoporotein (HDL) cholesterol and fibrinogen levels were measured as well as weight, height and waist and hip circumferences. About 45% of adults had a body mass index (BMI) of > or =25.0. Risk factors increased with increasing BMI from a baseline value of 21.0: at a BMI of 23.0-24.9, the risk of hypertension and hypertriglyceridaemia doubled; the risk increased threefold at a BMI of 25.0-26.9. The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes increased progressively in women within the normal BMI range and in men from a BMI of 25.0. Type 2 diabetes was four times as common if the BMI was >27.0. Increasing waist measurements predicted 10-fold increases in hypertension and a three-to-five times increased risk of diabetes. Suitable waist cut-off points were 85cm for men and 80cm for women, with statistical analysis showing waist as the more dominant predictor of risk than age, waist-to-hip ratios or BMIs. Hence, small increases in BMI, and particularly in waist circumference, predict a substantial increase in the risk of diabetes and risk for CHD, especially hypertension, in Chinese adults.
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Jang Y, Lee JH, Kim OY, Park HY, Lee SY. Consumption of whole grain and legume powder reduces insulin demand, lipid peroxidation, and plasma homocysteine concentrations in patients with coronary artery disease: randomized controlled clinical trial. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2001; 21:2065-71. [PMID: 11742886 DOI: 10.1161/hq1201.100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate whether isocaloric replacement of refined rice with whole grains and other plant products as a form of powder reduces coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors, such as insulin demand and lipid peroxidation in CAD patients. Seventy-six male patients with CAD were randomly assigned to either a group ingesting a whole-grain meal daily or a control group for 16 weeks. In the whole-grain group, serum concentrations of glucose and insulin decreased by 24% and 14%, respectively, without altering body weight and energy intake, whereas daily intakes of fiber and vitamin E increased by 25% and 41%, respectively. Consumption of whole grains and legume powder in CAD patients without diabetes decreased fasting levels of glucose and insulin. The areas under the curve for insulin and glucose during the oral glucose tolerance test were also decreased. CAD patients with diabetes in the whole-grain group also showed reductions in fasting glucose and in the area under the curve for glucose. In the whole-grain group, plasma malondialdehyde and homocysteine and urinary 8-epi-prostaglandin F(2alpha) concentrations decreased by approximately 28%. Also, lipid-corrected concentrations of alpha-carotene, retinol, tocopherols, and lycopene increased by 11% to 40%, and the percentage composition of n-6 fatty acids of serum phospholipid increased by 14% in the whole-grain group. The replacement of refined rice with whole grain and legume powder as a source of carbohydrate in a meal showed significant beneficial effects on glucose, insulin, and homocysteine concentrations and lipid peroxidation in CAD patients. These effects are likely to substantially reduce the risk factors for CAD and diabetes.
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Kim JH, Roh KH, Nam SM, Park HY, Jang Y, Kim DK, Song KS. The apolipoprotein(a) size, pentanucleotide repeat, C/T(+93) polymorphisms of apolipoprotein(a) gene, serum lipoprotein(a) concentrations and their relationship in a Korean population. Clin Chim Acta 2001; 314:113-23. [PMID: 11718686 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(01)00683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] kringle 4 variable number of tandem repeat (K4-VNTR), pentanucleotide repeat polymorphism (PNRP) and C/T(+93) polymorphism [C/T(+93)] of apo(a) gene have been suggested to be related to lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] concentration. We studied the distribution of these genetic polymorphisms and their relationship with Lp(a) concentrations in a Korean population. METHODS One hundred thirty-two Korean adults were examined. Lp(a) was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Apo(a) K4-VNTR was measured by high-resolution SDS-agarose gel separation and ECL Western blotting method. PNRP was measured after DNA amplification. The C/T(+93) ratio was measured by a amplification refractory mutation system. RESULTS Lp(a) was inversely correlated with K4-VNTR (r=0.732, p<0.0001), but was associated neither with any PNRP haplotype nor with C/T(+93) by multiple regression analysis, although we found a significant decrease of Lp(a) in PNRP 9/9 individuals (p<0.01). There was a strong linkage disequilibrium between 9 haplotypes of PNRP and the T haplotype of C/T(+93). CONCLUSIONS Inverse relationship between serum Lp(a) and K4 number of apo(a) was confirmed in normal Korean adults. PNRP 9/9 genotype appeared to have a reducing effect on Lp(a), but neither 9 haplotype heterozygotes of PNRP nor the T haplotype C/T(+93) affected Lp(a) concentrations in Koreans.
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Stambolic V, MacPherson D, Sas D, Lin Y, Snow B, Jang Y, Benchimol S, Mak TW. Regulation of PTEN transcription by p53. Mol Cell 2001; 8:317-25. [PMID: 11545734 DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(01)00323-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 671] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PTEN tumor suppressor is frequently mutated in human cancers and is a negative regulator of PI3'K/PKB/Akt-dependent cellular survival. Investigation of the human genomic PTEN locus revealed a p53 binding element directly upstream of the PTEN gene. Deletion and mutation analyses showed that this element is necessary for inducible transactivation of PTEN by p53. A p53-independent element controlling constitutive expression of PTEN was also identified. In contrast to p53 mutant cell lines, induction of p53 in primary and tumor cell lines with wild-type p53 increased PTEN mRNA levels. PTEN was required for p53-mediated apoptosis in immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Our results reveal a unique role for p53 in regulation of cellular survival and an interesting connection in tumor suppressor signaling.
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97
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Liang HW, Wang YH, Lin YN, Wang JD, Jang Y. Impact of age on the injury pattern and survival of people with cervical cord injuries. Spinal Cord 2001; 39:375-80. [PMID: 11464311 DOI: 10.1038/sj.sc.3101169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A retrospective, follow-up study. OBJECTIVES To differentiate the injury pattern and survival of people with cervical cord injuries with onset at different ages. SETTING Rehabilitation wards of a university hospital that is a tertiary referral center in Taipei, Taiwan. METHODS The records of acute and traumatic cervical cord injury patients hospitalized from 1989 to 1997 were reviewed. All subjects received comprehensive rehabilitation programs during hospitalization. Their survival status at the end of follow-up was studied. RESULTS Forty-seven of 109 (43.1%) people with cervical cord injuries were 50 years or older at onset. Older patients were more frequently injured by minor falls, resulting in more incomplete quadriplegia. They also showed fewer spinal fractures, and more demonstrated associated spondylosis and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. Eleven (10.2%) subjects were deceased, found by a linkage to a death registration database at the end of follow-up. The significant predictor of survival status at follow-up was older age at injury using Cox proportional hazards model. CONCLUSION Spinal cord injured patients had different injury patterns, demanding different preventative strategies. Those injured at older ages were at higher risk of mortality according to our study. SPONSORSHIP This study was supported in part by grants from the National Taiwan University Hospital (89S2005), Taipei, Taiwan.
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98
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Park HY, Kwon HM, Lim HJ, Hong BK, Lee JY, Park BE, Jang Y, Cho SY, Kim HS. Potential role of leptin in angiogenesis: leptin induces endothelial cell proliferation and expression of matrix metalloproteinases in vivo and in vitro. Exp Mol Med 2001; 33:95-102. [PMID: 11460888 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2001.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin, the product of ob gene, is an endocrine hormone that regulates adipose tissue mass. Recently, leptin has been found to generate a growth signal involving a tyrosine kinase-dependent intracellular pathway and promote angiogenic processes via activation of leptin receptor (Ob-R) in endothelial cells. However, it is not clear how leptin functions to promote multi-step processes involved in the neovascularization at the atherosclerotic plaque. We have examined the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and Ob-R in human atherosclerotic lesions, leptin-mediated angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Immunohistochemical analysis of human atherosclerotic aorta revealed an increased expression of Ob-R in the intima of neorevascularized regions and of both MMPs and TIMPs predominantly in the endothelial lining of intimal neovessels and macrophages/foam cells. In the rat corneal angiogenesis assay, leptin elicited a comparable sensitivity of angiogenic activity to those of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The immunohistological analysis of the leptin-treated rat cornea showed definitive rises in Ob-R, MMPs and TIMPs expression as well as those of VEGF receptor (VEGFR-1). Leptin (10-40 ng/ml) induced proliferation of the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and elevation of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Leptin also induced increases of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and Up-regulated the human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMCs). These findings suggest that leptin, a hormone with pluralistic properties including a mitogenic activity on vascular endothelial cells, plays a role in matrix remodeling by regulating the expression of MMPs and TIMPs. Taken together, our findings further provide evidences for leptin's role as an angiogenesis inducer in the normal organ (rat cornea) and in aberrant vasculature under duress like atherosclerosis.
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99
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Sohn YD, Lim HJ, Hwang KC, Kwon JH, Park HY, Chung KH, Cho SY, Jang Y. A novel recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor and its secretion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 284:931-6. [PMID: 11409882 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) is a pleiotropic mitogen which plays an important role in cell growth, differentiation, migration, and survival in different cells and organ systems. Recently, several clinical applications for FGF-2 gene transfer are being evaluated in wound healing and collateral artery development to relieve myocardial and peripheral ischemia due to the ability of FGF-2 to regulate the growth and function of vascular cells. However, FGF-2 lacks a classical hydrophobic secretion signal peptide, the FGF-2 chimeras containing various signal sequences have been explored. In this study, a novel recombinant 4sFGF-2 was constructed by replacing nine residues from the amino-terminus of native FGF-2 (Met1 to Leu9) with eight amino acid residues of signal peptide of FGF-4 (Met1 to Ala8) to better increase the secretion level of FGF-2. When the recombinant FGF-2 gene, cloned into the expression vector with CMV promoter, was expressed in COS-7 cells, the recombinant 4sFGF-2 was highly secreted into the media. The secreted 4sFGF-2 showed the same biological activity as the native FGF-2 in the dose-response effects on DNA synthesis and cell growth of rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs) and NIH3T3 cells. The 4sFGF-2 also was able to activate MAPK as wild FGF-2 in RASMCs. These results indicate that a novel recombinant 4sFGF-2 may be useful as clinical applicability of angiogenic growth factor gene transfer.
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MESH Headings
- 3T3 Cells
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/cytology
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiology
- COS Cells
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Cloning, Molecular/methods
- DNA/biosynthesis
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/biosynthesis
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/genetics
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/pharmacology
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 4
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/pharmacology
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Humans
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/pharmacology
- Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Skin/metabolism
- Transfection/methods
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100
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Ko YG, Ha JW, Chung N, Shim WH, Kang SM, Rim SJ, Jang Y, Cho SY, Kim SS. Effects of left atrial compliance on left atrial pressure in pure mitral stenosis. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2001; 52:328-33. [PMID: 11246247 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In mitral stenosis (MS), left atrial (LA) pressure is commonly elevated because of increased LA afterload. There is a wide spectrum of LA pressure in patients with MS, however, despite a similar mitral valve orifice area. LA compliance is an important determinant of both cardiovascular performance and pathological physiology. Few data are available, however, regarding the effects of LA compliance on LA pressure. We hypothesized that LA pressure may be higher in patients with decreased LA compliance. We analyzed the right heart and transseptal catheterization data in 47 patients (41 female, mean age 40 +/- 10 years) with pure MS and sinus rhythm. The magnitude of LA a and v waves was measured from transseptal catheterization. Fick's method was used to determine cardiac output. LA compliance was calculated by dividing the systolic rise in LA pressure (DeltaP(LA) = P(LA(v)) - P(LA(x))) into the stroke volume. LA size, mitral valve area (MVA), mean diastolic pressure gradient (MG), left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions were obtained by using two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify independent factors determining LA pressure. The mean MVA was 0.95 +/- 0.22 cm(2). MG and LA dimension were 11.2 +/- 5.2 mm Hg and 50.6 +/- 5.2 mm, respectively. The mean LA pressure and cardiac output obtained by cardiac catheterization were 23.4 +/- 8.4 mm Hg and 4.3 +/- 1.5 L/min, respectively. The calculated LA compliance was 4.9 +/- 2.8 cm(3)/mm Hg. Univariate analysis showed that factors associated with increased LA pressure were smaller MVA (r = -0.33, P < 0.05), higher MG (r = 0.69, P < 0.01) and lower LA compliance (r = -0.55, P < 0.01); among them, MG (beta coefficient 0.59, SE 0.19, P < 0.01) and LA compliance (beta coefficient -0.26, standard error 0.34, P < 0.05) were the strongest predictors of LA pressure. In conclusion, LA compliance, along with MG that reflects the severity of MS, is an important contributing factor determining LA pressure in patients with pure MS and sinus rhythm.
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