301
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Mahajan RK, Kaur N, Bakshi MS. Cyclic voltammetry investigation of the mixed micelles of cationic surfactants with pluronic F68 and TritonX-100. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2004.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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302
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Abstract
Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the accumulation of oxidative damage has been implicated in neurodegenerative disease and in the degradation of nervous system function with age. Here we report that ROS inhibit the activity of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) in nerve cells. Treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) as a generator of ROS inhibited CNTF-mediated Jak/STAT signaling in all cultured nerve cells tested, including chick ciliary ganglion neurons, chick neural retina, HMN-1 motor neuron hybrid cells, and SH-SY5Y and BE(2)-C human neuroblastoma cells. H(2)O(2) treatment of non-neuronal cells, chick skeletal muscle and HepG2 hepatoma cells, did not inhibit Jak/STAT signaling. The H(2)O(2) block of CNTF activity was seen at concentrations as low as 0.1 mm and within 15 min, and was reversible upon removal of H(2)O(2) from the medium. Also, two other mediators of oxidative stress, nitric oxide and rotenone, inhibited CNTF signaling. Treatment of neurons with H(2)O(2) and rotenone also inhibited interferon-gamma-mediated activation of Jak/STAT1. Depleting the intracellular stores of reduced glutathione by treatment of BE(2)-C cells with nitrofurantoin inhibited CNTF activity, whereas addition of reduced glutathione protected cells from the effects of H(2)O(2). These results suggest that disruption of neurotrophic factor signaling by mediators of oxidative stress may contribute to the neuronal damage observed in neurodegenerative diseases and significantly affect the utility of CNTF-like factors as therapeutic agents in preventing nerve cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 102 Farber Hall, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
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303
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Roy I, Ohulchanskyy TY, Bharali DJ, Pudavar HE, Mistretta RA, Kaur N, Prasad PN. Optical tracking of organically modified silica nanoparticles as DNA carriers: a nonviral, nanomedicine approach for gene delivery. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:279-84. [PMID: 15630089 PMCID: PMC544309 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0408039101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This article reports a multidisciplinary approach to produce fluorescently labeled organically modified silica nanoparticles as a nonviral vector for gene delivery and biophotonics methods to optically monitor intracellular trafficking and gene transfection. Highly monodispersed, stable aqueous suspensions of organically modified silica nanoparticles, encapsulating fluorescent dyes and surface functionalized by cationic-amino groups, are produced by micellar nanochemistry. Gel-electrophoresis studies reveal that the particles efficiently complex with DNA and protect it from enzymatic digestion of DNase 1. The electrostatic binding of DNA onto the surface of the nanoparticles, due to positively charged amino groups, is also shown by intercalating an appropriate dye into the DNA and observing the Forster (fluorescence) resonance energy transfer between the dye (energy donor) intercalated in DNA on the surface of nanoparticles and a second dye (energy acceptor) inside the nanoparticles. Imaging by fluorescence confocal microscopy shows that cells efficiently take up the nanoparticles in vitro in the cytoplasm, and the nanoparticles deliver DNA to the nucleus. The use of plasmid encoding enhanced GFP allowed us to demonstrate the process of gene transfection in cultured cells. Our work shows that the nanomedicine approach, with nanoparticles acting as a drug-delivery platform combining multiple optical and other types of probes, provides a promising direction for targeted therapy with enhanced efficacy as well as for real-time monitoring of drug action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Roy
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-3000, USA
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304
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Abstract
Because of the shortage of donors, kidneys previously judged to be unsuitable are now accepted for transplantation. Successful engraftment of kidneys with multiple renal arteries is one of the challenges and requires meticulous vascular surgical technique. In one of our case of renal allograft with three renal arteries, we created a single lumen by suturing three arteries together, like a three-legged pair of pants. The end of the single lumen was anastomesed to the side of external iliac artery. There was brisk diuresis on table after transplantation. Postoperatively, the patient had an uneventful course and normal graft function.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Aulakh
- Department of Urology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana.
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305
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Abstract
Many cytokines mediate their effects through Jak/STAT signaling pathways providing many opportunities for cross-talk between different cytokines. We examined the interaction between two cytokine families, gp130-related cytokines and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), which are coexpressed in the nervous system during acute trauma and pathological conditions. Typical nerve cells show an IFN-gamma response that is restricted to activating STAT1, with minor activation of STAT3. IFN-gamma elicited a pronounced STAT3 response in cells pre-treated for 5-7 h with ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), leukemia inhibitory factor or interleukin-6. CNTF or interleukin-6 induced an IFN-gamma STAT3 response in a variety of cells including SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma, HMN-1 murine motor neuron hybrid cells, rat sympathetic neurons and human hepatoma HepG2 cells. The enhancement was measured as an increase in tyrosine phosphorylated STAT3, in STAT3-DNA binding and in STAT-luciferase reporter gene activity. The enhanced STAT3 response was not due to an increase in overall STAT3 levels but was dependent upon ongoing protein synthesis. The induction by CNTF was inhibited by the protein kinase C inhibitor, BIM, and the MAPK-kinase inhibitor, U0126. Further, H-35 hepatoma cells expressing gp130 receptor chimeras lacking either the SHP-2 docking site or the Box 3 STAT binding sites failed to enhance the IFN-gamma STAT3 response. These results provide evidence for an interaction between gp130 and IFN-gamma cytokines that can significantly alter the final cellular response to IFN-gamma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navjot Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214, USA
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306
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Jiao J, Kaur N, Lu B, Reeves SA, Halvorsen SW. Initiation and maintenance of CNTF-Jak/STAT signaling in neurons is blocked by protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2003; 116:135-46. [PMID: 12941469 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(03)00286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines, including interferon-gamma and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), act in common through tyrosine kinase-based Jak/STAT signaling pathways. We found that activation of the Jak/STAT pathway by both interferon-gamma and CNTF in nerve cells was rapidly terminated by tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors. Exposure of human neuroblastoma cells, BE(2)-C, first to tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors (either phenylarsine oxide or PTP inhibitor-2) prevented Jak1, STAT1 and STAT3 activation elicited subsequently by either CNTF or interferon-gamma. In contrast, exposure of these cells to phosphatase inhibitors after initial stimulation by CNTF or interferon-gamma prevented the normal time-dependent decrease of total cellular phosphotyrosine-STAT levels as expected, while excluding already formed phosphotyrosine-STAT from the nucleus. Thus, treatment of nerve cells with a tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor blocked nuclear signal transduction. A similar inhibition of CNTF-Jak/STAT signaling was observed following tyrosine phosphatase inhibition in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, HMN-1 mouse motor neuron-neuroblastoma hybrid cells, HepG2 human hepatoma cells and embryonic chick ciliary ganglion and retinal neurons. Expression of dominant-negative forms of the tyrosine phosphatases, SHP-1 and/or SHP-2, in BE(2)-C cells had no effect on CNTF activation of STAT or on the ability of phosphatase inhibitors to block signaling. Further, results from H-35 cells expressing gp130 receptor subunits lacking functional SHP-2 binding sites revealed normal cytokine activation of Jak and STAT that was inhibited by phosphatase inhibitors. These findings suggest a critical control for regulating the initiation of Jak/STAT signaling requiring tyrosine phosphatase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Jiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 102 Farber Hall, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214-3000, USA
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307
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Kaur N, Wohlhueter AL, Halvorsen SW. Activation and inactivation of signal transducers and activators of transcription by ciliary neurotrophic factor in neuroblastoma cells. Cell Signal 2002; 14:419-29. [PMID: 11882386 DOI: 10.1016/s0898-6568(01)00280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Neurons in vivo are exposed to a variety of different growth factors and cytokines. A principal signalling pathway for ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)-like cytokines is the Janus kinase (Jak)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) system of kinases and transcription factors. In the human cell line (SH-SY5Y), STAT1 and STAT3 activation by CNTF-like cytokines showed tyrosine phosphorylation peaking at 0.5 h and inactivating within 2 h. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor-associated tyrosine kinases Jak1 and Jak2 showed a similar time course of activation and inactivation in response to CNTF. The STAT1 response to the non-CNTF-like cytokine, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) did not inactivate. Inactivation to CNTF was not due to a decrease in CNTF receptor subunit gp130 or in levels of Jak1 or Jak2. STAT inactivation was inhibited by the protein kinase blocker H7 and a tyrosine phosphatase blocker, but not by inhibitors of protein kinase C, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase, mTOR-P70/S6 kinase or phosphatidyl inositol-3-kinase (PI-3 kinase). Surprisingly, CNTF caused only a minor increase in levels of suppressors of cytokine signalling, SOCS-1 and SOCS-3. CNTF pretreatment desensitized the cells to the CNTF-like cytokines, leukemia inhibitory factor and oncostatin-M but not to IFN-gamma. These results reveal a complex level of regulation of shared signalling pathways for cytokines that is dependent on both the type of cell and cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navjot Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 102 Faber Hall, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214-3000, USA
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308
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Kaur N, Singh J, Kamboj SS. Affinity purification and characterization of a seed lectin from Crotalaria medicaginea. Indian J Biochem Biophys 2002; 39:49-54. [PMID: 22896888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Purification of lectin from the seeds of Crotalaria medicaginea Lamk by affinity chromatography on asialofetuin-linked amino activated silica, yielded a single band on non-denatured PAGE at pH 4.5 and 8.3 and, a single peak on HPLC size exclusion and cation exchange columns. The molecular mass of the native C. medicaginea lectin was determined to be 125 kDa by gel filtration. In SDS-PAGE, the lectin migrated as a single band of M(r) 31.6 kDa under reducing and nonreducing conditions, indicating that it is a tetramer of apparently identical subunits. It agglutinated red blood cells (RBCs) from rabbit and human ABO blood groups. It also reacted with RBCs from rat, sheep, goat and guinea pig but after desialylation with neuraminidase. The hemagglutination activity of the lectin was inhibited by D-galactose and its derivatives. Amino acid analysis showed that lectin was rich in aspartic and glutamic acid and, did not contain sulphur containing amino acids. The lectin is a glycoprotein having 1.41% of neutral sugars. It is labile at temperature above 60 degrees C. It needs divalent cations for its activity, as a loss of activity was observed on removal of Ca2+ and Mn2+. Denaturing agents like urea, thiourea and guanidine-HCl have no effect on its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navjot Kaur
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143 005, India
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309
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Kaur N, Gupta S, Minocha VR, Singh UR. Massive amebic liver abscess--an unusual presentation. Indian J Gastroenterol 2001; 20:157-8. [PMID: 11497177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A 40-year-old woman presented with a huge lump in the right half of the abdomen and irregular menses. Ultrasonography showed a cystic lump with septations, extending from the upper abdomen to the pelvis; the right ovary was not seen. On exploration, there was a large cyst arising from the right lobe of the liver; the aspirate was bilious. Since the cyst wall was adherent to retroperitoneal structures, complete excision was not possible. A roux-en-Y loop of jejunum was anastomosed to the cyst wall. Biopsy of the wall showed inflammatory granulation tissue with trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica. She was treated with metronidazole, and recovered uneventfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kaur
- Department of Surgery , University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi
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310
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Jhaj R, Bhargava VK, Uppal R, Lekha S, Reeta K, Kaur N. Use of cold medications for upper respiratory tract infections in children. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2001; 10:323-7. [PMID: 11760494 DOI: 10.1002/pds.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Prescribing practices in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in children were studied, with particular emphasis on overuse of antibiotics, combination cold medications, and off-label use of medicines in children. Prescriptions with the diagnosis of URTI were studied over a period of 5 months in a general pediatric clinic. Out of 224 prescriptions scrutinized, a cold medication was prescribed in 88.4% of cases and 50.9% prescriptions contained a combination preparation. Antihistamines (50.9%), alpha-adrenoceptor agonist decongestants (50.0%) and opioid anti-tussives (24.5%) were the common ingredients of cold medications. Antihistamines (35.7%) were also used alone. Of the children 18.2% were receiving a drug contraindicated or not recommended in their age group. Antibiotics were prescribed in only 8.5% of cases, and for appropriate indications, reflecting a more restrained use of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jhaj
- Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Chandigarh, India
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311
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Mehta M, Kaur N, Bhutani KK. Determination of marker constituents from Cissus quadrangularis Linn. and their quantitation by HPTLC and HPLC. Phytochem Anal 2001; 12:91-95. [PMID: 11705245 DOI: 10.1002/pca.569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Four marker constituents, namely, onocer-7-ene-3 alpha, 21 beta-diol, delta-amyrin, delta-amyrone and 3,3',4,4'-tetrahydroxybiphenyl of an Ayurvedic crude drug Cissus quadrangularis Linn. are defined for standardisation purposes. 3,3',4,4'-Tetrahydroxybiphenyl has been isolated for the first time from this drug. The contents of the marker constituents were quantitatively determined by HPTLC and HPLC methods in samples collected from five different geographic zones of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mehta
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Near Chandigarh 160062, India
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312
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Kaur N, Minocha VR. Review of a hospital experience of enterocutaneous fistula. Trop Gastroenterol 2000; 21:197-200. [PMID: 11194587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
A retrospective analysis of records of 46 patients with enterocutaneous fistulas treated over a period of three and half years has been done. There were 28 males and 18 females, with 80% of patients being in age group of 25-35 years. Forty-five patients were postoperative and in one patient fistula occurred spontaneously. Tuberculosis was the most common underlying pathology, seen in 32.6% followed by enteric fever in 23.9%. The small intestine was the most common site for the origin of fistula, seen in 34 patients (73.9%). There were 22 patients with high output fistula and 24 with low output. For high output fistulas, enteric fever was the most common cause (45%) and ileum was the most site of origin (82%). Low output fistulas were mainly of tubercular aetiology (62%) and involved ileum in 62% of cases. Nineteen out of 22 patients of high output fistulae had sepsis. Fourteen of these had generalised peritonitis (63%) and 5 had localized intra-abdominal collections (27%). Spontaneous closure occurred in 45.6% of patients on conservative management and 37% patients underwent surgical intervention. The overall mortality was 30.4%. High output fistulae had mortality figure of 54.5% and low output fistulas 8.4%. Mortality in relation to sepsis was 63%. No patient with sepsis and without surgical intervention survived. Following surgical intervention mortality was 50% in patients who showed evidence of sepsis. Early and effective control of sepsis is the most important factor determining outcome in patients of enterocutaneous fistula.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kaur
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi-95
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313
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314
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Dixit R, Bhargava VK, Kaur N. Antinociceptive effect of gabapentin in rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2000; 44:233-4. [PMID: 10846643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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315
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Mutimer D, Kaur N, Tang H, Singhal S, Shaw J, Whitehead L, Rickinson A, Niedobitek G. Quantitation of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in the blood of adult liver transplant recipients. Transplantation 2000; 69:954-9. [PMID: 10755556 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-200003150-00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posttransplant lymphoproliferation is most often observed in pediatric transplant recipients who experience primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection at the time of or after transplantation. Lymphoproliferation is believed to be caused by impaired control of EBV-infected cells, which may be of recipient or donor origin. Most studies of EBV infection and lymphoproliferation have focused on the pediatric age group. METHODS We have undertaken a prospective study of EBV infection in adult liver transplant recipients. Sequentially collected peripheral blood lymphocytes were examined with a recently developed quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. The assay quantitates EBV DNA genomic titre over a 5 log10 range. RESULTS Compared with healthy EBV seropositive people not undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, blood EBV DNA titre is elevated in patients with liver disease before transplantation. Overall, highest titres were observed during the first posttransplant month, and in the context of antilymphocyte therapy. In one patient, lymphoproliferation was associated with high titres which fell during reduction of immunosuppressive therapy. In another patient with lymphoproliferation of donor lymphocyte origin, blood EBV DNA titre was not as high. CONCLUSIONS EBV proliferation is seen in the context of advanced liver disease and after liver transplantation. EBV DNA quantitation is a useful tool to examine the effects of immunosuppression on EBV-associated lymphoproliferation, and may be an essential technique for programs exploring the merits of EBV adoptive immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mutimer
- Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, England.
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316
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Chopra J, Kaur N, Gupta AK. Ontogenic changes in enzymes of carbon metabolism in relation to carbohydrate status in developing mungbean reproductive structures. Phytochemistry 2000; 53:539-548. [PMID: 10724178 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(99)00545-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The content of free sugars and the activities of enzymes involved in carbon metabolism-sucrose synthase, acid and alkaline invertase, phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase, malic enzyme and isocitrate dehydrogenase were determined during seed development in mungbean pods. A decrease in carbohydrate content of pod wall from 10 to 25 days after flowering (DAF) and a concomitant increase in the seed till 20 DAF was observed. Sucrose remained the dominant soluble sugar in the pod wall and seed. In the branch of inflorescence and pod wall, the activities of sucrose metabolizing enzymes, viz. acid and alkaline invertase, sucrose synthase (synthesis and cleavage) and sucrose phosphate synthase were higher at 5-10 DAF, whereas in seed the maximum activities of these enzymes were observed at the time of maximum seed filling stage (10-20 DAF). High activities of sucrose synthase at the time of rapid seed filling can be correlated to its sink strength. Higher activities of phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase in the branch of inflorescence and pod wall than in seed may indicate the involvement of the fruiting structure for recapturing respired CO2. High activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme in the seed at the time of rapid seed filling could provide NADPH and carbon skeletons required for the synthesis of various seed reserves.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chopra
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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317
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Dixit R, Bhargava VK, Kaur N. Antinociceptive effect of gabapentin in the formalin test. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 1999; 21:481-2. [PMID: 10544392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Gabapentin is an adjunctive drug for the treatment of resistant partial seizures. The antinociceptive effect of this drug was assessed by using the formalin pain test in rats. Although low dose gabapentin (10 mg/kg s.c.) was unable to alter pain scores, higher doses (30 and 90 mg/kg s.c.) significantly reduced them. Results suggest that gabapentin may modulate the pain perception produced by chemical irritants like formalin in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dixit
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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318
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Kaur N, Mann SK, Sidhu P, Sangha JK. A comparative study of energy balance among housewives of Ludhiana city. Indian J Matern Child Health 1997; 8:76-8. [PMID: 12348461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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319
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Lal P, Kaur N, Krishna A. Cystometric evaluation of voiding dysfunctions. Indian Pediatr 1997; 34:424-8. [PMID: 9332118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Lal
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi
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320
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Sessler AM, Kaur N, Palta JP, Ntambi JM. Regulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 mRNA stability by polyunsaturated fatty acids in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Biol Chem 1996; 271:29854-8. [PMID: 8939925 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.47.29854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of arachidonic acid (20:4, n-6) and other fatty acids on the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene 1 were investigated in fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with arachidonic acid resulted in a decrease in stearoyl-CoA desaturase (Scd) enzyme activity and scd1 mRNA. Arachidonic acid did not alter the transcription of the scd1 gene, whereas the half-life of the scd1 mRNA was reduced from 25.1 to 8.5 h. Blocking the conversion of arachidonic acid to eicosanoids by pretreatment of the cells with cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, or cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase inhibitors did not reverse the inhibition caused by arachidonic acid, indicating that eicosanoid synthesis is not necessary for the repression of scd1 mRNA expression. Treatment of adipocytes with linoleic (18:2, n-6) and linolenic (18:3, n-3) acids also resulted in inhibition of scd1 mRNA accumulation. By contrast, oleic acid (18:1, n-9) and stearic acid (18:0) had no effect on scd1 mRNA levels. Taken together, these results suggest that polyunsaturated fatty acids repress the expression of the scd1 gene in mature adipocytes by reducing the stability of scd1 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Sessler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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321
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Kaur N, Gupta S, Minocha VR. Chronic calcific pancreatitis associated with osteomalacia and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Indian J Gastroenterol 1996; 15:147-8. [PMID: 8916580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A 22-year-old woman with chronic calcific pancreatitis had dramatic relief of pain after pancreaticojejunostomy. Four years later, she presented with steatorrhea with osteomalacia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, a rare occurrence in chronic pancreatitis. She improved with pancreatic enzyme supplementation and calcium and vitamin D therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kaur
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi
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322
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Madan U, Gupta A, Kaur N, Krishna A. Digital fracture polypectomy for juvenile rectal polyps is safe. Indian Pediatr 1996; 33:431. [PMID: 8979597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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323
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Kaur P, Kaur N. Breast feeding practices in Varanasi district (U.P.). Indian J Public Health 1996; 40:52-3. [PMID: 9090906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Kaur
- Deptt. of Preventive & Social Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
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324
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Sachar RK, Soni RK, Singh H, Kaur N, Singh B, Kumar V, Sofat R. Correlation of some maternal variables with birth weight. Indian J Matern Child Health 1994; 5:43-5. [PMID: 12318805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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325
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Krishna A, Murali MV, Ahuja S, Kaur N. Factors influencing survival in esophageal atresia. Indian Pediatr 1994; 31:80-3. [PMID: 7883330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
There is little published literature from the third World countries that described the factors influencing survival of babies with esophageal atresia. We analysed 25 consecutive neonates treated for esophageal atresia. The overall survival rate was 36%. All 4 babies in Waterston Group A, 37.5% in Group B, and 15.4% in Group C survived. All 9 preterm babies died. Only 2 of the 16 babies who had pre-operative chest infection survived. The mean delay in diagnosis was 54 h in outborn babies and 20 h in hospital-born babies. We believe that a survival rate of 40% is easily achieved with minimum infrastructural inputs. Simple methods and practices that would vastly improve operative results have been suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Krishna
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi
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326
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Kaur N, Diwan N. Cryptosporidiosis in north Indian children. Indian J Med Sci 1991; 45:143-5. [PMID: 1959968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Stool samples of 100 children (below 2 years of age) with acute diarrhea as study group and 50 non-diarrheal stools of children (age and sex matched) as control were examined for parasites. The samples were processed and examined by direct wet mounts, concentration technique and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining. The prevalence of cryptosporidium was 5.0% in the study group while none of the controlled samples showed it. In all cryptosporidium positive cases, no other bacterial or parasitic pathogen could be detected. Diarrhea persisted for 6-16 days and was moderate resulting in dehydration, which was rapidly corrected by oral/or intravenous fluids. Out of 5 cryptosporidium positive children 4 were breast-fed while 1 received bottle feeding. Only one positive case had contact with petdog.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
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327
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Bhatia MS, Kaur N. The other side of AIDS. Nurs J India 1990; 81:381-4. [PMID: 2075091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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328
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Kaur N, Diwan N. Cryptosporidiosis in children with diarrhea. Indian J Pediatr 1990; 57:451-2. [PMID: 2228101 DOI: 10.1007/bf02727941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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329
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Bhatia MS, Kaur N, Bohra N, Goyal U. Psychiatric reactions in hysterectomy. Indian J Psychiatry 1990; 32:52-6. [PMID: 21927427 PMCID: PMC2989570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
50 women undergoing hysterectomy at Smt. Surheta Kriplani Hospital, New Delhi, when compared with age and parity matched 25 control cases on neuroticism and depression scales showed statistically insignificant difference at various points of time. The improvement in both groups was insignificant one week after procedure but became significant after I weeks (p< 0.01). The neuroticism or depression in study cases was hardly attributable to hysterectomy. The marital as well as social adjustments after 4 weeks of procedure were either unchanged or improved. It is emphasized that an attempt should be made to identify the patients who are more prone to get psychiatric disturbance in order to prevent or minimise these psychiatric disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Bhatia
- Senior Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital, New Delhi-110001
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330
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Kaur N, Sharma N, Gupta AK. Effects of dexamethasone on lipid metabolism in rat organs. Indian J Biochem Biophys 1989; 26:371-6. [PMID: 2632360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Injecting of dexamethasone (10 mg/kg body weight) for 8 days to rats decreased the body weight and feed intake by 29 and 50%, respectively. The increase in weights of liver, heart, kidneys and testes per 100 g body weight was 55, 37, 33 and 13%, respectively. Though, in general, the triglyceride content increased in all the organs, maximum increase (9-fold) was observed in the liver. The plasma showed elevated levels of triglycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids. In hepatic mitochondrial membranes, the content of protein, phospholipids and cholesterol decreased/g tissue. The percent 14C distribution, as a part of total incorporation in nonpolar lipids, of [14C]acetate into triglycerides of liver, kidneys and testes increased significantly. The increased turnover of phospholipids in liver and heart was mainly due to increased turnover of phosphatidyl choline (PC) and phosphatidyl ethanolamine in liver and PC in heart. Turnover of phospholipids of testes was not affected.
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331
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Wahi V, Ganguly NK, Sehgal R, Anand IS, Kaur N, Chakravarti RN, Wahi PL. Enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) for the detection of anticarbohydrate antibodies in rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. Jpn J Exp Med 1989; 59:163-6. [PMID: 2689729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies to group A streptococcal polysaccharide were estimated in the following groups of patients: (I) Patients with uncomplicated streptococcal pharyngitis: 10 patients, followed up for 3 months. (II) Patients with acute rheumatic fever: 8 patients with first attack followed up for one year. (III) Patients with reactivated rheumatic heart disease: 10 patients, followed up for one year. (IV) Patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease: followed up for one year. (V) normal controls without any history of sore throat/fever/vaccination/rheumatic disease: 10 patients followed up for one year. Group (I) patients did not show any significant elevation in anticarbohydrate antibodies by both ELISA and RIA. In the case of (III) and (IV), antibody levels were significantly higher as compared to group (V) and remained so till one year of follow up. In group (II) patients there was no significant rise in antibody levels. There was a good correlation between the ELISA and RIA used to detect the antibody levels. These findings suggest that the use of ELISA to detect anticarbohydrate antibody can be of help in diagnosing cases of rheumatic heart disease (both acute and chronic RHD).
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Affiliation(s)
- V Wahi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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332
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Bhatia MS, Kaur N. The problem of bed wetting. Nurs J India 1989; 80:193. [PMID: 2798185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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333
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Abstract
The superficial and deep body temperatures of 40 healthy females undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy were measured during surgery and for 4 h afterwards. The patients were allocated randomly to one of five groups and anaesthetized to produce an end-tidal concentration of 1% halothane, 1% enflurane, 2% enflurane, 1% isoflurane or 2% isoflurane. The patients received also 70% nitrous oxide in oxygen and neuromuscular blockade. The theatre temperature was maintained at 22.0 degrees C. There were significant body temperature changes during operation in all groups. The mean (SD) decrease in core temperature over 85 min was approximately 1.1 (0.3) degrees C in the 1% halothane, 2% enflurane and 2% isoflurane groups, and 0.6 (0.4) degrees C in the 1% enflurane and 1% isoflurane groups (P less than 0.05). During the recovery period the 1% halothane, 2% enflurane and 2% isoflurane groups took 2 h to rewarm to preoperative temperatures, and the rate of rewarming during this time was similar for all groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ramachandra
- Department of Anaesthesia, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow
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334
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335
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Bhatia MS, Singhal PK, Bohra N, Kaur N. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Indian Pediatr 1988; 25:788-90. [PMID: 3220570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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336
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Bhatia MS, Balakrishna, Singhal PK, Kaur N. Psychoses associated with anticonvulsant toxicity. Indian J Psychiatry 1988; 30:109-11. [PMID: 21927294 PMCID: PMC3010805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M S Bhatia
- Research Scholar, Department of Psychiatry, Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital, New Delhi, India
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337
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Bhatia MS, Singhal PK, Kaur N. Psychosis associated with anticonvulsant toxicity. Indian Pediatr 1987; 24:516-8. [PMID: 3679509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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338
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Tewari A, Kaur N. Fluoride. Fluoride dentifrices--major contribution towards caries free generation. J Indian Dent Assoc 1986; 58:131-3. [PMID: 3462250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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339
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Tewari A, Kaur N. Fluoride--India does not need water fluoridation--an illusion. J Indian Dent Assoc 1985; 57:285. [PMID: 3869154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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340
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Tewari A, Kaur N. Fluoride--milk and salt--alternate methods of systemic fluoridation. J Indian Dent Assoc 1985; 57:245-6. [PMID: 3869146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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341
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Høy CE, Hølmer G, Kaur N, Byrjalsen I, Kirstein D. Acyl group distributions in tissue lipids of rats fed evening primrose oil (λ-linolenic plus linoleic acid) or soybean oil (α-linolenic plus linoleic acid). Lipids 1983; 18:760-71. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02534633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/1983] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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342
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Høy CE, Hølmer G, Kaur N, Byrjalsen I, Kirstein D. Acyl group distributions in tissue lipids of rats fed evening primrose oil (gamma -linolenic plus linoleic acid) or soybean oil (alpha-linolenic plus linoleic acid). Lipids 1983; 18:760-71. [PMID: 6318009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Three groups of rats were fed diets with either 10 weight percent (wt%) of evening primrose oil, safflower oil or soybean oil for 11 weeks. Diets contained 7.1 wt% linoleic acid + 0.8 wt% gamma-linolenic acid, 7.6 wt% linoleic acid, or 5.3 wt% linoleic acid + 0.7 wt% alpha-linolenic acid, respectively. In liver mitochondria as well as in heart, dietary gamma-linolenic acid did not affect the fatty acid profiles of phosphatidylcholines (PC), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) or cardiolipins (CL), whereas dietary alpha-linolenic acid caused an increased formation of (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The liver delta 6- and delta 5-desaturase activities determined in vitro were not affected by the dietary fats. In brain PE, which are rich in C22- and C20-(n-3) PUFA, as well as in testes PC and PE, which are rich in (n-6) PUFA, no effects were found from a partial replacement of dietary linoleic acid with gamma-linolenic acid or alpha-linolenic acid. In kidney PC, PE, phosphatidylinositol (PI) and CL, 20:3(n-6) was moderately elevated to ca. 1% following intake of gamma-linolenic acid, whereas partial replacement of linoleic acid with alpha-linolenic acid was followed by increased deposition of 22:6(n-3) in PC and PE of testes and kidney. Thus, no general effect of evening primrose oil on the content of (n-6) PUFA in rat tissue phospholipids was observed, whereas a significant incorporation of gamma-linolenic acid into liver and adipose tissue triglycerides was found.
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343
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Abstract
Saline extracts of human dandruff contain a factor, antigen Dd, which precipitates human sera selectively. There is a significant excess (p < 0.001) of antigen Dd reactors among the Punjabi blood donors of India as compared to the blood donors of Poland. Laboratory analysis of assorted hospital sample shows that antibodies to antigen Dd are present more often in autoimmune than in other diseases.
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344
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Garg HG, Kaur N. Synthesis of N'-substituted arylsulfonylpyrazoles, their anthelmintic activity, and the cytotoxicity of some hydrazides. J Med Chem 1972; 15:554-5. [PMID: 5035285 DOI: 10.1021/jm00275a032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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