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Chen L, Wu Y, Lv T, Tuo R, Xiao Y. Mesenchymal stem cells enchanced by salidroside to inhibit ferroptosis and improve premature ovarian insufficiency via Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling. Redox Rep 2025; 30:2455914. [PMID: 39874130 PMCID: PMC11776066 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2025.2455914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regenerative medicine researches have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be an effective treatment method for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). However, the efficacy of MSCs is still limited. PURPOSE This study aims to explain whether salidroside and MSCs combination is a therapeutic strategy to POI and to explore salidroside-enhanced MSCs inhibiting ferroptosis via Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling. METHODS The effect of salidroside and MSCs on ovarian granular cells (GCs) was analyzed. After treatment, hormone levels and -fertility of rats were measured. Lipid peroxidation levels, iron deposition and mitochondrial morphology were detected. The genes and proteins of Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling were examined. RESULTS Salidroside and MSCs were found to inhibit cell death of GCs by reducing peroxidation and intracellular ferrous. Salidroside promotes the proliferation of MSCs and supports cell survival in ovary. Salidroside combined with MSCs therapy restored ovarian function, which was better than MSCs monotherapy. Salidroside-enhanced MSCs to inhibit ferroptosis. The results showed activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling and an increase in anti-ferroptosis molecule. CONCLUSIONS Salidroside-enhanced MSCs as a ferroptosis inhibitor and provide new therapeutic strategies for POI. The possible mechanisms of MSCs were related to maintaining redox homeostasis via a Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Chen
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Pilot Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingnan Wu
- Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiying Lv
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Tuo
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Pilot Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Vidman S, Ma YHE, Fullenkamp N, Plant GW. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived therapies for regeneration after central nervous system injury. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:3063-3075. [PMID: 39715081 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 12/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the progression of stem cell therapies has shown great promise in advancing the nascent field of regenerative medicine. Considering the non-regenerative nature of the mature central nervous system, the concept that "blank" cells could be reprogrammed and functionally integrated into host neural networks remained intriguing. Previous work has also demonstrated the ability of such cells to stimulate intrinsic growth programs in post-mitotic cells, such as neurons. While embryonic stem cells demonstrated great potential in treating central nervous system pathologies, ethical and technical concerns remained. These barriers, along with the clear necessity for this type of treatment, ultimately prompted the advent of induced pluripotent stem cells. The advantage of pluripotent cells in central nervous system regeneration is multifaceted, permitting differentiation into neural stem cells, neural progenitor cells, glia, and various neuronal subpopulations. The precise spatiotemporal application of extrinsic growth factors in vitro, in addition to microenvironmental signaling in vivo, influences the efficiency of this directed differentiation. While the pluri- or multipotency of these cells is appealing, it also poses the risk of unregulated differentiation and teratoma formation. Cells of the neuroectodermal lineage, such as neuronal subpopulations and glia, have been explored with varying degrees of success. Although the risk of cancer or teratoma formation is greatly reduced, each subpopulation varies in effectiveness and is influenced by a myriad of factors, such as the timing of the transplant, pathology type, and the ratio of accompanying progenitor cells. Furthermore, successful transplantation requires innovative approaches to develop delivery vectors that can mitigate cell death and support integration. Lastly, host immune responses to allogeneic grafts must be thoroughly characterized and further developed to reduce the need for immunosuppression. Translation to a clinical setting will involve careful consideration when assessing both physiologic and functional outcomes. This review will highlight both successes and challenges faced when using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cell transplantation therapies to promote endogenous regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Vidman
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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3
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Aldali F, Deng C, Nie M, Chen H. Advances in therapies using mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes for treatment of peripheral nerve injury: state of the art and future perspectives. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:3151-3171. [PMID: 39435603 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/23/2024] Open
Abstract
"Peripheral nerve injury" refers to damage or trauma affecting nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. Peripheral nerve injury results in movements or sensation impairments, and represents a serious public health problem. Although severed peripheral nerves have been effectively joined and various therapies have been offered, recovery of sensory or motor functions remains limited, and efficacious therapies for complete repair of a nerve injury remain elusive. The emerging field of mesenchymal stem cells and their exosome-based therapies hold promise for enhancing nerve regeneration and function. Mesenchymal stem cells, as large living cells responsive to the environment, secrete various factors and exosomes. The latter are nano-sized extracellular vesicles containing bioactive molecules such as proteins, microRNA, and messenger RNA derived from parent mesenchymal stem cells. Exosomes have pivotal roles in cell-to-cell communication and nervous tissue function, offering solutions to changes associated with cell-based therapies. Despite ongoing investigations, mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome-based therapies are in the exploratory stage. A comprehensive review of the latest preclinical experiments and clinical trials is essential for deep understanding of therapeutic strategies and for facilitating clinical translation. This review initially explores current investigations of mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in peripheral nerve injury, exploring the underlying mechanisms. Subsequently, it provides an overview of the current status of mesenchymal stem cell and exosome-based therapies in clinical trials, followed by a comparative analysis of therapies utilizing mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes. Finally, the review addresses the limitations and challenges associated with use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes, offering potential solutions and guiding future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Aldali
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chunchu Deng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Mingbo Nie
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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4
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Akhtar M, Nashwan AJ. Evaluating Wharton’s jelly-derived stem cell therapy in autism: Insights from a case study. World J Methodol 2025; 15:100074. [DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v15.i2.100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 11/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder affecting over 2% of the global population, marked by social communication deficits and repetitive behaviors. Kabatas et al explored the efficacy and safety of Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell (WJ-MSC) therapy in a 4-year-old child with ASD. Using the childhood autism rating scale and Denver II developmental screening test, significant improvements were seen after six WJ-MSC sessions, with no adverse events over 2 years. Despite promising results, the study’s single-case design limits generalizability. Larger, multi-center trials are needed to validate the findings and assess long-term effects of WJ-MSC therapy in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Akhtar
- College of Medicine, Gujranwala Medical College, Gujranwala 52250, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Abdulqadir J Nashwan
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
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5
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Li Y, Xue J, Ma Y, Ye K, Zhao X, Ge F, Zheng F, Liu L, Gao X, Wang D, Xia Q. The complex roles of m 6 A modifications in neural stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal and implications for memory and neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1582-1598. [PMID: 38845217 PMCID: PMC11688559 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m 6 A), the most prevalent and conserved RNA modification in eukaryotic cells, profoundly influences virtually all aspects of mRNA metabolism. mRNA plays crucial roles in neural stem cell genesis and neural regeneration, where it is highly concentrated and actively involved in these processes. Changes in m 6 A modification levels and the expression levels of related enzymatic proteins can lead to neurological dysfunction and contribute to the development of neurological diseases. Furthermore, the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, as well as nerve regeneration, are intimately linked to memory function and neurodegenerative diseases. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the roles of m 6 A in neural stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal, as well as its implications in memory and neurodegenerative diseases. m 6 A has demonstrated divergent effects on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. These observed contradictions may arise from the time-specific nature of m 6 A and its differential impact on neural stem cells across various stages of development. Similarly, the diverse effects of m 6 A on distinct types of memory could be attributed to the involvement of specific brain regions in memory formation and recall. Inconsistencies in m 6 A levels across different models of neurodegenerative disease, particularly Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, suggest that these disparities are linked to variations in the affected brain regions. Notably, the opposing changes in m 6 A levels observed in Parkinson's disease models exposed to manganese compared to normal Parkinson's disease models further underscore the complexity of m 6 A's role in neurodegenerative processes. The roles of m 6 A in neural stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal, and its implications in memory and neurodegenerative diseases, appear contradictory. These inconsistencies may be attributed to the time-specific nature of m 6 A and its varying effects on distinct brain regions and in different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yuejia Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ke Ye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Fangliang Ge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Feifei Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Basic Medical Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province for Genetically Modified Animals, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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6
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Álvarez-Barrera L, Mateos-Nava RA, Hernández-Córdova KN, Lezama-Sánchez E, Alcántara-Mejía VA, Rodríguez-Mercado JJ. Transplacental and genotoxicity effects of thallium(I) during organogenesis in mice. Toxicol Rep 2025; 14:101896. [PMID: 39897402 PMCID: PMC11783430 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2024] [Revised: 12/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2025] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
The increased concentration of thallium (Tl) in the environment is a cause for concern because the entire population, including pregnant women, is exposed, and this metal crosses the placenta and reaches the conceptus during development. In biological models such as mice, some abnormalities and delays in ossification occur in the fetuses of mice administered Tl on day 7 of gestation, but exposure to environmental Tl is constant during fetal development; therefore, in this study, the effects of several administrations of TI during organogenesis on the external morphology, skeletal development and genotoxicity of fetuses were evaluated. Four groups of 10 pregnant mice were administered 5.28, 6.16, 7.4 or 9.25 mg/kg body weight Tl(I) acetate intraperitoneally during fetal organogenesis. Additionally, samples were taken from fetuses from pregnant mice treated with 5.28 and 6.16 mg/kg body weight to evaluate the transplacental genotoxicity. The results revealed that the 9.25 mg/kg body weight dose produced maternal and fetal toxicity, and all of the treatment groups presented relatively high percentages of fetuses with external abnormalities, reduced bone ossification, and an increased percentage of liver cells with structural chromosomal aberrations (SCAs) and micronuclei (MNs) in blood cells. These results show that Tl(I) acetate administered during organogenesis produces abnormalities, including a delay in ossification and transplacental genotoxicity, in mouse fetuses. These findings are important because Tl has negative effects on development and may affect the health of offspring in the future because it can damage genetic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucila Álvarez-Barrera
- Unidad de Investigación en Genética y Toxicología Ambiental (UNIGEN), Laboratorio 5, primer piso, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental (UMIEZ-Z). Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Campus II, UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Carrera Médico Cirujano, Ciencias Biomédicas, BQ. FES-Zaragoza, UNAM, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Aníbal Mateos-Nava
- Unidad de Investigación en Genética y Toxicología Ambiental (UNIGEN), Laboratorio 5, primer piso, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental (UMIEZ-Z). Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Campus II, UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Keyla Nahomi Hernández-Córdova
- Unidad de Investigación en Genética y Toxicología Ambiental (UNIGEN), Laboratorio 5, primer piso, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental (UMIEZ-Z). Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Campus II, UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Lezama-Sánchez
- Unidad de Investigación en Genética y Toxicología Ambiental (UNIGEN), Laboratorio 5, primer piso, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental (UMIEZ-Z). Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Campus II, UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Víctor Alan Alcántara-Mejía
- Unidad de Investigación en Genética y Toxicología Ambiental (UNIGEN), Laboratorio 5, primer piso, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental (UMIEZ-Z). Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Campus II, UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan José Rodríguez-Mercado
- Unidad de Investigación en Genética y Toxicología Ambiental (UNIGEN), Laboratorio 5, primer piso, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental (UMIEZ-Z). Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Campus II, UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Salem MB, El-Lakkany NM, Hammam OA, Seif el-Din SH. Bacillus clausii spores maintain gut homeostasis in murine ulcerative colitis via modulating microbiota, apoptosis, and the TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome cascade. Toxicol Rep 2025; 14:101858. [PMID: 39802600 PMCID: PMC11721221 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Revised: 12/04/2024] [Accepted: 12/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), a persistent immune-mediated disorder lacking effective treatment, is distinguished by gut microbiota dysbiosis, abnormal activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, and apoptosis. Despite growing attention to these factors, understanding their significance in UC pathogenesis remains a challenge. The present study explores the potential therapeutic impact of Bacillus clausii (Bc) spores in a murine UC model induced by drinking 4 % (w/v) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in C57BL/6 mice. Subsequently, the DSS-induced mice were orally administered either Bc at varying concentrations (105 and 1010 Colony forming unit, CFU) or sulfasalazine (SSZ) at a dosage of 200 mg/kg for 7 days. The disease-specific activity index (DAI) was calculated daily utilizing parameters such as body weight, diarrhea, and bloody stool. Changes in fecal Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes abundance, colonic TXNIP and NLRP3 contents, as well as colonic caspase-1, IL-1β, Bax, and Bcl-2 expression, were investigated. Additionally, markers related to oxidative stress and inflammation, histopathological changes and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry testing were conducted. DSS-treated mice had significantly higher DAI scores compared to controls, indicating severe colitis. However, SSZ treatment or Bc (105 CFU) dramatically lowered DAI scores, with the highest Bc dosage (1010 CFU) producing the greatest improvement. Furthermore, Bc (1010 CFU) substantially (p < 0.05) boosted fecal Firmicutes while decreased Bacteroidetes, indicating reversal of gut dysbiosis. Bc effectively reduced colonic oxidative stress and inflammation by replenishing GSH and catalase and modulating the NF-κB, Nrf2/HO-1, and TXNIP/NLRP3 pathways. Additionally, Bc (1010 CFU) exhibited histologically almost normal mucosa, with maintained architecture and reduced apoptosis, as seen by normalization of Bcl2 and Bax with decreased caspase-3. Collectively, these findings point to the potential usefulness of Bc spores in preventing and treating DSS-induced colitis, positioning them as a promising candidate for UC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha B. Salem
- Pharmcology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Olfat A. Hammam
- Pathology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
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An C, Zhao Y, Guo L, Zhang Z, Yan C, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Shao F, Qi Y, wang X, Wang H, Zhang L. Innovative approaches to boost mesenchymal stem cells efficacy in myocardial infarction therapy. Mater Today Bio 2025; 31:101476. [PMID: 39896290 PMCID: PMC11787032 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2024] [Revised: 12/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2025] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy has emerged as a promising approach for heart repair, potentially regenerating damaged heart tissue and improving outcomes for patients with heart disease. However, the efficacy of stem cell-based therapies remains limited by several challenges, including poor cell survival, low retention rates, poor integration, and limited functional outcomes. This article reviews current enhancement strategies to optimize mesenchymal stem cell therapy for cardiac repair. Key approaches include optimizing cell delivery methods, enhancing cell engraftment, promoting cell functions through genetic and molecular modifications, enhancing the paracrine effects of stem cells, and leveraging biomaterials and tissue engineering techniques. By focusing on these enhancement techniques, the paper highlights innovative approaches that can potentially transform stem cell therapy into a more viable and effective treatment option for cardiac repair. The ongoing research and technological advancements continue to push the boundaries, hoping to make stem cell therapy a mainstream treatment for heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanfeng An
- Ophthalmology and Transformational Innovation Research Center, Faculty of Medicine of Dalian University of Technology&Dalian Third People's Hospital, Dalian, 116033, PR China
- Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Eye Hospital, Dalian, 116033, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, Dalian Key Laboratory of Artificial Organ and Regenerative Medicine, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Lipeng Guo
- Ophthalmology and Transformational Innovation Research Center, Faculty of Medicine of Dalian University of Technology&Dalian Third People's Hospital, Dalian, 116033, PR China
- Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Eye Hospital, Dalian, 116033, PR China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033, PR China
| | - Chunxiao Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033, PR China
| | - Shiying Zhang
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, Dalian Key Laboratory of Artificial Organ and Regenerative Medicine, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Fei Shao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, Dalian Key Laboratory of Artificial Organ and Regenerative Medicine, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Qi
- Ophthalmology and Transformational Innovation Research Center, Faculty of Medicine of Dalian University of Technology&Dalian Third People's Hospital, Dalian, 116033, PR China
- Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Eye Hospital, Dalian, 116033, PR China
| | - Xun wang
- Ophthalmology and Transformational Innovation Research Center, Faculty of Medicine of Dalian University of Technology&Dalian Third People's Hospital, Dalian, 116033, PR China
- Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Eye Hospital, Dalian, 116033, PR China
| | - Huanan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, Dalian Key Laboratory of Artificial Organ and Regenerative Medicine, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Ophthalmology and Transformational Innovation Research Center, Faculty of Medicine of Dalian University of Technology&Dalian Third People's Hospital, Dalian, 116033, PR China
- Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Eye Hospital, Dalian, 116033, PR China
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9
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Kabatas S, Civelek E, Savrunlu EC, Karaaslan U, Yıldız Ö, Karaöz E. Advances in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder: Wharton jelly mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. World J Methodol 2025; 15:95857. [DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.95857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with multifaceted origins. In recent studies, neuroinflammation and immune dysregulation have come to the forefront in its pathogenesis. There are studies suggesting that stem cell therapy may be effective in the treatment of ASD.
AIM To evolve the landscape of ASD treatment, focusing on the potential benefits and safety of stem cell transplantation.
METHODS A detailed case report is presented, displaying the positive outcomes observed in a child who underwent intrathecal and intravenous Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) transplantation combined with neurorehabilitation.
RESULTS The study demonstrates a significant improvement in the child’s functional outcomes (Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Denver 2 Developmental Screening Test), especially in language and gross motor skills. No serious side effects were encountered during the 2-year follow-up.
CONCLUSION The findings support the safety and effectiveness of WJ-MSC transplantation in managing ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Kabatas
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34255, Türkiye
- Department of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences Marmara University, Istanbul 34865, Türkiye
- Center for Stem Cell & Gene Therapy Research and Practice, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul 34255, Türkiye
| | - Erdinç Civelek
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34255, Türkiye
- Department of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences Marmara University, Istanbul 34865, Türkiye
| | - Eyüp Can Savrunlu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34255, Türkiye
| | - Umut Karaaslan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34255, Türkiye
| | - Özlem Yıldız
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli 41001, Türkiye
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing, Liv Hospital, Istanbul 34340, Türkiye
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul 34010, Türkiye
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice, Istinye University, Istanbul 34340, Türkiye
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10
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Chen K, Wang F, Sun X, Ge W, Zhang M, Wang L, Zheng H, Zheng S, Tang H, Zhou Z, Wu G. 3D-printed zinc oxide nanoparticles modified barium titanate/hydroxyapatite ultrasound-responsive piezoelectric ceramic composite scaffold for treating infected bone defects. Bioact Mater 2025; 45:479-495. [PMID: 39717367 PMCID: PMC11664295 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 10/22/2024] [Accepted: 11/10/2024] [Indexed: 12/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinically, infectious bone defects represent a significant threat, leading to osteonecrosis, severely compromising patient prognosis, and prolonging hospital stays. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop a bone graft substitute that combines broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy and bone-inductive properties, providing an effective treatment option for infectious bone defects. In this study, the precision of digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology was utilized to construct a scaffold, incorporating zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) modified barium titanate (BT) with hydroxyapatite (HA), resulting in a piezoelectric ceramic scaffold designed for the repair of infected bone defects. The results indicated that the addition of ZnO-NPs significantly improved the piezoelectric properties of BT, facilitating a higher HA content within the ceramic scaffold system, which is essential for bone regeneration. In vitro antibacterial assessments highlighted the scaffold's potent antibacterial capabilities. Moreover, combining the synergistic effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) and piezoelectricity, results demonstrated that the scaffold promoted notable osteogenic and angiogenic potential, enhancing bone growth and repair. Furthermore, transcriptomics analysis results suggested that the early growth response-1 (EGR1) gene might be crucial in this process. This study introduces a novel method for constructing piezoelectric ceramic scaffolds exhibiting outstanding osteogenic, angiogenic, and antibacterial properties under the combined influence of LIPUS, offering a promising treatment strategy for infectious bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Department of Oral, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiumei Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wenwei Ge
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Mingjun Zhang
- Department of Oral, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oral, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Haoyu Zheng
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shikang Zheng
- Department of Oral, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Haoyu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhengjie Zhou
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Guomin Wu
- Department of Oral, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
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11
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Njoku GC, Forkan CP, Soltysik FM, Nejsum PL, Pociot F, Yarani R. Unleashing the potential of extracellular vesicles for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease therapy. Bioact Mater 2025; 45:41-57. [PMID: 39610953 PMCID: PMC11602541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 10/28/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 11/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Image 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Chigozie Njoku
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical and Translational Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, USA
| | - Cathal Patrick Forkan
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical and Translational Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Pharmacy, Université Grenoble Alpes, France
| | - Fumie Mitani Soltysik
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical and Translational Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Peter Lindberg Nejsum
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical and Translational Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Reza Yarani
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical and Translational Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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12
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Kawasumi R, Kawamura T, Yamashita K, Tominaga Y, Harada A, Ito E, Takeda M, Kita S, Shimomura I, Miyagawa S. Systemic administration of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells improves cardiac function through extracellular vesicle-mediated tissue repair in a rat model of ischemic cardiomyopathy. Regen Ther 2025; 28:253-261. [PMID: 39834593 PMCID: PMC11745812 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2024] [Revised: 12/03/2024] [Accepted: 12/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Systemic administration of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iPS-MSCs) has a therapeutic effect on myocardial ischemia. However, the therapeutic mechanism underlying systemic iPS-MSC-based therapy for ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) remains unclear. We investigated the therapeutic effects of iPS-MSCs through extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated tissue repair in a rat model of ICM. Methods A rat ICM model was created by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. iPS-MSCs were administered intravenously every week for four weeks in the iPS-MSC group, whereas saline was administered to the control group. Alix, a protein involved in the biogenesis of EVs, was knocked down, and Alix-knockdown iPS-MSCs were administered to the siAlix group. We analyzed sequential cardiac function using echocardiography, histological analysis, cell tracking analysis with fluorescent dyes, and comprehensive RNA sequencing of the border zone of the myocardium after treatment. Results Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly improved in the iPS-MSC group compared with that in the control group. In the siAlix group, LVEF was significantly lower than that in the iPS-MSC group. Histological analysis showed a significant decrease in fibrosis area and significant increase in microvascular density in the iPS-MSC group. A cell-tracking assay revealed iPS-MSC accumulation in the border zone of the myocardium during the acute phase. Comprehensive microRNA sequencing analysis revealed that EVs from iPS-MSCs contained miRNAs associated with anti-fibrosis and angiogenesis. Gene ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes in myocardial tissue also showed upregulation of pathways related to antifibrosis and neovascularization and downregulation of pathways linked to inflammation and T-cell differentiation. Conclusions Systemic administration of iPS-MSCs improved cardiac function through EV-mediated angiogenetic and antifibrotic effects in an ICM, suggesting the clinical possibility of treating chronic heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kawasumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuji Kawamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kizuku Yamashita
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuji Tominaga
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akima Harada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Emiko Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maki Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shunbun Kita
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Adipose Management, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Adipose Management, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Babu MA, Jyothi S R, Kaur I, Kumar S, Sharma N, Kumar MR, Rajput P, Ali H, Gupta G, Subramaniyan V, Wong LS, Kumarasamy V. The role of GATA4 in mesenchymal stem cell senescence: A new frontier in regenerative medicine. Regen Ther 2025; 28:214-226. [PMID: 39811069 PMCID: PMC11731776 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
The Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) is a multipotent progenitor cell with known differentiation potential towards various cell lineage, making it an appealing candidate for regenerative medicine. One major contributing factor to age-related MSC dysfunction is cellular senescence, which is the hallmark of relatively irreversible growth arrest and changes in functional properties. GATA4, a zinc-finger transcription factor, emerges as a critical regulator in MSC biology. Originally identified as a key regulator of heart development and specification, GATA4 has since been connected to several aspects of cellular processes, including stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Accumulating evidence suggests that the involvement of GATA4-nuclear signalizing in the process of MSC senescence-related traits may contribute to age-induced alterations in MSC behavior. GATA4 emerged as the central player in MSC senescence, interacting with several signaling pathways. Studies have shown that GATA4 expression is reduced with age in MSCs, which is associated with increased expression levels of senescence markers and impaired regenerative potential. At the mechanistic level, GATA4 regulates the expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, and oxidative stress response, thereby influencing the senescence phenotype in MSCs. The findings underscore the critical function of GATA4 in MSC homeostasis and suggest a promising new target to restore stem cell function during aging and disease. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie GATA4 mediated modulation of MSC senescence would provide an opportunity to develop new therapies to revitalize old MSCs to increase their regenerative function for therapeutic purposes in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Arockia Babu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, UP, India
| | - Renuka Jyothi S
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560069, India
| | - Irwanjot Kaur
- Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of College, Jhanjeri, Mohali, 140307, Punjab, India
| | - M. Ravi Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 531162, India
| | - Pranchal Rajput
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Ling Shing Wong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, 71800, Malaysia
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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14
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Ahmed HS. The Multifaceted Role of L-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1 at the Blood-Brain Barrier: Structural Implications and Therapeutic Potential. Mol Neurobiol 2025; 62:3813-3832. [PMID: 39325101 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04506-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) is integral to the transport of large neutral amino acids across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), playing a crucial role in brain homeostasis and the delivery of therapeutic agents. This review explores the multifaceted role of LAT1 in neurological disorders, including its structural and functional aspects at the BBB. Studies using advanced BBB models, such as induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived systems and quantitative proteomic analyses, have demonstrated LAT1's significant impact on drug permeability and transport efficiency. In Alzheimer's disease, LAT1-mediated delivery of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agents shows promise in overcoming BBB limitations. In Parkinson's disease, LAT1's role in transporting L-DOPA and other therapeutic agents highlights its potential in enhancing treatment efficacy. In phenylketonuria, studies have revealed polymorphisms and genetic variations of LAT1, which could be correlated to disease severity. Prodrugs of valproic acid, pregabalin, and gabapentin help use LAT1-mediated transport to increase the therapeutic activity and bioavailability of the prodrug in the brain. LAT1 has also been studied in neurodevelopment disorders like autism spectrum disorders and Rett syndrome, along with neuropsychiatric implications in depression. Its implications in neuro-oncology, especially in transporting therapeutic agents into cancer cells, show immense future potential. Phenotypes of LAT1 have also shown variations in the general population affecting their ability to respond to painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs. Furthermore, LAT1-targeted approaches, such as functionalized nanoparticles and prodrugs, show promise in overcoming chemoresistance and enhancing drug delivery to the brain. The ongoing exploration of LAT1's structural characteristics and therapeutic applications reiterates its critical role in advancing treatments for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shafeeq Ahmed
- Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, 560002, Karnataka, India.
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15
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Hoveidaei AH, Sadat-Shojai M, Nabavizadeh SS, Niakan R, Shirinezhad A, MosalamiAghili S, Tabaie S. Clinical challenges in bone tissue engineering - A narrative review. Bone 2025; 192:117363. [PMID: 39638083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2024] [Revised: 11/23/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has emerged as a promising approach to address large bone defects caused by trauma, infections, congenital malformations, and tumors. This review focuses on scaffold design, cell sources, growth factors, and vascularization strategies, highlighting their roles in developing effective treatments. We explore the complexities of balancing mechanical properties, porosity, and biocompatibility in scaffold materials, alongside optimizing mesenchymal stem cell delivery methods. The critical role of growth factors in bone regeneration and the need for controlled release systems are discussed. Vascularization remains a significant hurdle, with strategies such as angiogenic factors, co-culture systems, and bioprinting under investigation. Mechanical challenges, tissue responses, and inflammation management are examined, alongside gene therapy's potential for enhancing osteogenesis and angiogenesis via both viral and non-viral delivery methods. The review emphasizes the impact of patient-specific factors on bone healing outcomes and the importance of personalized approaches. Future directions are described, emphasizing the necessity of interdisciplinary cooperation to advance the field of BTE and convert laboratory results into clinically feasible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Human Hoveidaei
- International Center for Limb Lengthening, Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Mehdi Sadat-Shojai
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sara S Nabavizadeh
- Otolaryngology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Niakan
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Sean Tabaie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
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16
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Song S, Li C, Xiao Y, Ye Z, Rong M, Zeng J. Beyond conventional therapies: MSCs in the battle against nerve injury. Regen Ther 2025; 28:280-291. [PMID: 39896446 PMCID: PMC11782851 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2024] [Revised: 12/23/2024] [Accepted: 12/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Nerve damage can cause abnormal motor and sensory consequences, including lifelong paralysis if not surgically restored. The yearly cost of healthcare in the United States is projected to be $150 billion, and millions of Americans suffer from peripheral nerve injuries as a result of severe traumas and disorders. For nerve injuries, the outcome of conventional therapies is suboptimal and may have unfavorable side effects. However, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proven to be a viable option for the reconstruction of injured nerve tissue and bring a ray of hope. These stem cells are derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and human umbilical cord blood and have the ability to secrete trophic factors, contribute to the immune system, and stimulate axonal regeneration. The purpose of this review is to examine the potential benefits of MSCs for enhancing functional recovery and patient prognosis by highlighting their characteristics and elucidating their mechanism of action in nerve injury healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Song
- Central Laboratory, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Stomatology, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Metabolic Immunology and Oral Diseases, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Ya Xiao
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ziyu Ye
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Xinghai Institute of Cell, Guangdong Xianhua Institute for Medical Research, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingdeng Rong
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jincheng Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Metabolic Immunology and Oral Diseases, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan 523000, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Xinghai Institute of Cell, Guangdong Xianhua Institute for Medical Research, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
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17
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Liang Y, Mi Z, Kuo PC. Differential MYC and PROM1 mRNA isoform expression in breast invasive carcinoma as biomarkers for subtyping and prognosis. Surgery 2025; 179:108798. [PMID: 39306567 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2024.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells are a subpopulation of tumor cells with the ability to self-renew; evidence suggests that cancer stem cells are responsible for recurrence, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. MYC and CD133 (PROM1 gene) are clinical biomarkers for cancer stem cells, and their dysregulation is involved in the progression of many cancers. Alternative splicing of these genes may contribute to cancer stem cell differentiation. METHODS Transcriptional and clinical data of PROM1 and MYC mRNA isoforms in breast cancer samples were downloaded from the TCGA Splicing Variants Database site, a web-tool to explore mRNA alternative-splicing based on TCGA samples. Data include RSEM isoform expression, clinical sample types, survival data, and clinical receptor expression. Breast cancer subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, Her2 positive, triple negative) were assigned on the basis of estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 expression. RESULTS Expression of MYC isoforms uc003ysh.1 and uc003ysi.3 was significantly greater in triple-negative breast cancer compared with all other breast cancer subtypes (P < .001). Isoform uc003ysi.3 was associated with greater 5-year survival in luminal A breast cancer (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.65-0.96; P = .02). PROM1 isoforms uc003gop.2, uc003goq.3, uc003gos.2, and uc003gou.2 were expressed greatest in triple-negative breast cancer (P < .001). PROM1 isoform uc003gou.2 was associated with better 5-year survival in luminal A breast cancer (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.65-0.97; P = .02). CONCLUSIONS MYC and PROM1 isoforms are differentially expressed in breast cancer subtypes. Certain isoforms confer better survival prognosis. Further work should be done to study alternative splicing in cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Liang
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL
| | - Zhiyong Mi
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL
| | - Paul C Kuo
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL; Bay Pines Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Bay Pines, FL.
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18
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Ulhe A, Sharma N, Mahajan A, Patil R, Hegde M, Bhalerao S, Mali A. Decoding the therapeutic landscape of alpha-linolenic acid: a network pharmacology and bioinformatics investigation against cancer-related epigenetic modifiers. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2025; 43:1929-1954. [PMID: 38088751 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2293267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2025]
Abstract
Omega-3 (n - 3) and omega-6 (n - 6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are vital for human health, but an imbalance between these types is associated with chronic diseases, including cancer. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), a n - 3 PUFA, shows promise as an anticancer agent in both laboratory and animal studies. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying ALA's actions against cancer-related epigenetic modifiers (CaEpM) remain unclear. To understand this, we employed network pharmacology (NP) and molecular docking techniques. Our study identified 51 potential ALA targets and GO and KEGG pathway analysis revealed possible molecular targets and signaling pathways of ALA against CaEpM. From PPI analysis, EZH2, KAT2B, SIRT1, KAT2A, KDM6B, EHMT2, WDR5, SETD7, SIRT2, and HDAC3 emerged as the top 10 potential targets. Additionally, GeneMANIA functional association (GMFA) network analysis of these top 10 targets was performed to enhance NP insights and explore ALA's multi-target approach. After an exhaustive analysis of the core FGN subnetwork, it became evident that 9 out of the 15 targets-namely EZH2, SUZ12, EED, PARP1, HDAC3, DNMT1, NCOR2, KAT2B, and TRRAP-manifested evidently strong and abundant interconnections among each other. Molecular docking of both top 10 targets and core FGN targets confirmed strong binding affinity between ALA and SIRT2, WDR5, KDM6B, EHMT2, HDAC3, EZH2, PARP1, and KAT2B, underscoring their roles in ALA's anti-CaEpM mechanism. Our findings suggest that ALA may target key signaling pathways related to transcriptional regulation, microRNA involvement, stem cell pluripotency and cellular senescence in cancer epigenetics. These findings illuminate ALA's potential as a multi-target agent against CaEpM.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Ulhe
- Cancer Research Lab, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Cancer Research Lab, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Akanksha Mahajan
- Cancer Research Lab, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajesh Patil
- Sinhgad Technical Education Society's, Sinhgad College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vadgaon (BK), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahabaleshwar Hegde
- Center for Innovation in Nutrition, Health, Disease (CINHD), Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Supriya Bhalerao
- Obesity and Diabetes Lab, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aniket Mali
- Cancer Research Lab, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
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19
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Lu J, Zhang Y, Yan C, Liu J, Qi D, Zhou Y, Wang Q, Yang J, Jiang J, Wu B, Yang M, Zhang W, Zhang X, Shi X, Zhang Y, Liu K, Liang Y, Wang C, Yang H, Gao Y, Sun Y, Ke R, Huang JH, Wu M, Wang H, Li C, Zhou S, Guo B, Wu E, Zhang G. TClC effectively suppresses the growth and metastasis of NSCLC via polypharmacology. Bioact Mater 2025; 45:567-583. [PMID: 39759535 PMCID: PMC11700266 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 11/10/2024] [Accepted: 11/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2025] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) continues to present a global health challenge, with a modest five-year survival rate of 28 %, largely due to the emergence of treatment-resistant and metastatic tumors. In response, we synthesized a novel bioactive compound, ethyl 6-chlorocoumarin-3-carboxylyl L-theanine (TClC), which significantly inhibited NSCLC growth, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion in vitro and tumor growth and metastasis in vivo without inducing toxicity. TClC disrupts autocrine loops that promote tumor progression, particularly in stem-like CD133-positive NSCLC (CD133+ LC) cells, which are pivotal in tumor metastasis. Through targeted molecular assays, we identified direct binding targets of TClC, including Akt, NF-κB, β-catenin, EZH2, and PD-L1. This interaction not only suppresses the expression of oncogenic factors and cancer stem cell markers but also downregulates the expression of a multidrug resistance transporter, underscoring the compound's polypharmacological potential. These results position TClC as a promising candidate for NSCLC treatment, signaling a new era in the development of cancer therapies that directly target multiple critical cancer pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
- Shandong Yingdong Yinghao Biotechnology Inc., Yantai, Shandong, 264670, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58105, USA
| | - Chunyan Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Dan Qi
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, 76502, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Temple, TX, 76502, USA
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Statistics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - Qinwen Wang
- The Center of Non-Traumatic Treatment and Diagnosis of Tumor, Binzhou Medical College affiliated The PLA 107 Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264002, China
- Outpatient Department, No. 26 Rest Center for Retired Cadres, Haidian district, Beijing, 100036, China
| | - Juechen Yang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jing Jiang
- RemeGen, Ltd, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Benhao Wu
- Shandong Yingdong Yinghao Biotechnology Inc., Yantai, Shandong, 264670, China
| | - Meiling Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
- Shandong Yingdong Yinghao Biotechnology Inc., Yantai, Shandong, 264670, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
- Shandong Yingdong Yinghao Biotechnology Inc., Yantai, Shandong, 264670, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
- Shandong Yingdong Yinghao Biotechnology Inc., Yantai, Shandong, 264670, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
- Shandong Yingdong Yinghao Biotechnology Inc., Yantai, Shandong, 264670, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
- Shandong Yingdong Yinghao Biotechnology Inc., Yantai, Shandong, 264670, China
| | - Kun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Yongcai Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Chaoyang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, China
| | - Hanyu Yang
- Shiyao Zhongqi Pharmaceutical Technology (Shijiazhuang) Co., LTD., State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Yuqing Gao
- Shiyao Zhongqi Pharmaceutical Technology (Shijiazhuang) Co., LTD., State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Yuping Sun
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Ronghu Ke
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, 76502, USA
| | - Jason H. Huang
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, 76502, USA
- College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Temple, TX, 76502, USA
| | - Min Wu
- Drug Discovery Center, Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325001, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 646000, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Shiyao Zhongqi Pharmaceutical Technology (Shijiazhuang) Co., LTD., State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Erxi Wu
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, 76502, USA
- College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- College of Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Temple, TX, 76502, USA
- LIVESTRONG Cancer Institutes and Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Guoying Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
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Vendrig LM, Ten Hoor MAC, König BH, Lekkerkerker I, Renkema KY, Schreuder MF, van der Zanden LFM, van Eerde AM, Groen In 't Woud S, Mulder J, Westland R. Translational strategies to uncover the etiology of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. Pediatr Nephrol 2025; 40:685-699. [PMID: 39373868 PMCID: PMC11753331 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-024-06479-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
While up to 50% of children requiring kidney replacement therapy have congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), they represent only a fraction of the total patient population with CAKUT. The extreme variability in clinical outcome underlines the fundamental need to devise personalized clinical management strategies for individuals with CAKUT. Better understanding of the pathophysiology of abnormal kidney and urinary tract development provides a framework for precise diagnoses and prognostication of patients, the identification of biomarkers and disease modifiers, and, thus, the development of personalized strategies for treatment. In this review, we provide a state-of-the-art overview of the currently known genetic causes, including rare variants in kidney and urinary tract development genes, genomic disorders, and common variants that have been attributed to CAKUT. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of environmental factors and their interactions with developmental genes in kidney and urinary tract malformations. Finally, we present multi-angle translational modalities to validate candidate genes and environmental factors and shed light on future strategies to better understand the molecular underpinnings of CAKUT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne M Vendrig
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Amsterdam UMC-Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mayke A C Ten Hoor
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Benthe H König
- IQ Health Science Department, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Iris Lekkerkerker
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Y Renkema
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel F Schreuder
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Sander Groen In 't Woud
- IQ Health Science Department, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Mulder
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rik Westland
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Amsterdam UMC-Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Isinelli G, Failla S, Plebani R, Prete A. Exploring oncology treatment strategies with tyrosine kinase inhibitors through advanced 3D models (Review). MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2025; 5:13. [PMID: 39790707 PMCID: PMC11707505 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2024.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2025]
Abstract
The limitations of two-dimensional (2D) models in cancer research have hindered progress in fully understanding the complexities of drug resistance and therapeutic failures. However, three-dimensional (3D) models provide a more accurate representation of in vivo environments, capturing critical cellular interactions and dynamics that are essential in evaluating the efficacy and toxicity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). These advanced models enable researchers to explore drug resistance mechanisms with greater precision, optimizing treatment strategies and improving the predictive accuracy of clinical outcomes. By leveraging 3D models, it will be possible to deepen the current understanding of TKIs and drive forward innovations in cancer treatment. The present review discusses the limitations of 2D models and the transformative impact of 3D models on oncology research, highlighting their roles in addressing the challenges of 2D systems and advancing TKI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Isinelli
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sharon Failla
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Roberto Plebani
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, ‘G. D'Annunzio’ University, I-66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prete
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit 2, University of Pisa, I-56122 Pisa, Italy
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22
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Novoa Díaz MB, Gentili C, Martín MJ, Carriere P. Prognosis in stage II colon cancer: Expanding the horizons of risk factors. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2025; 17:100552. [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i2.100552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Revised: 10/31/2024] [Accepted: 11/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2025] Open
Abstract
In the following editorial, we discuss the article by Wu et al. In this contribution, we critically review the authors’ perspective and analyze the relevance of the results obtained in the original article of clinical research by Liu et al. We consider that additional factors associated with colon cancer progression have recently been described in extensive clinical research, and should be included in this analysis to achieve a more accurate prognosis. These factors include inflammation, gut microbiota composition, immune status and nutritional balance, as they influence the post-surgical survival profile of patients with stage II colorectal cancer. We also address the clinical implementation and limitations of these analyses. Evaluation of the patient´s entire context is essential for selection of the most appropriate therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Novoa Díaz
- Department of Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-INBIOSUR (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Gentili
- Department of Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-INBIOSUR (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Julia Martín
- Department of Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-INIBIBB (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro Carriere
- Department of Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-INBIOSUR (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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23
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P J N, Patil SR, Veeraraghavan VP, Daniel S, Aileni KR, Karobari MI. Oral cancer stem cells: A comprehensive review of key drivers of treatment resistance and tumor recurrence. Eur J Pharmacol 2025; 989:177222. [PMID: 39755243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.177222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2024] [Revised: 12/21/2024] [Accepted: 12/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2025]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide with high recurrence rates and resistance to conventional therapies. Recent studies have highlighted the pivotal role of oral cancer stem cells (OCSCs) in driving treatment resistance and tumor recurrence. OCSCs possess unique properties, including self-renewal, differentiation potential, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which contribute to their ability to survive treatment and initiate tumor relapse. Several signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog, Notch, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR, have been implicated in maintaining OCSC properties, promoting survival, and conferring resistance. Additionally, mechanisms such as drug efflux, enhanced DNA repair, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and resistance to apoptosis further contribute to resilience. Targeting these pathways offers promising therapeutic strategies for eliminating OCSCs and improving treatment outcomes. Approaches such as immunotherapy, nanotechnology-based drug delivery, and targeting of the tumor microenvironment are emerging as potential solutions to overcome OCSC-mediated resistance. However, further research is needed to fully understand the molecular mechanisms governing OCSCs and develop effective therapies to prevent tumor recurrence. This review discusses the role of OCSCs in treatment resistance and recurrence and highlights the current and future directions for targeting these cells in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarathna P J
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Chhattisgarh Dental College and Research Institute, India.
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