1
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Toghani D, Gupte S, Zeng S, Mahammadov E, Crosse EI, Seyedhassantehrani N, Burns C, Gravano D, Radtke S, Kiem HP, Rodriguez S, Carlesso N, Pradeep A, Georgiades A, Lucas F, Wilson NK, Kinston SJ, Göttgens B, Zong L, Beerman I, Park B, Janssens DH, Jones D, Toghani A, Nerlov C, Pietras EM, Mesnieres M, Maes C, Kumanogoh A, Worzfeld T, Cheong JG, Josefowicz SZ, Kharchenko P, Scadden DT, Scialdone A, Spencer JA, Silberstein L. Niche-derived Semaphorin 4A safeguards functional identity of myeloid-biased hematopoietic stem cells. NATURE AGING 2025; 5:558-575. [PMID: 39881190 PMCID: PMC12025894 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00798-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 12/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2025]
Abstract
Somatic stem cell pools comprise diverse, highly specialized subsets whose individual contribution is critical for the overall regenerative function. In the bone marrow, myeloid-biased hematopoietic stem cells (myHSCs) are indispensable for replenishment of myeloid cells and platelets during inflammatory response but, at the same time, become irreversibly damaged during inflammation and aging. Here we identify an extrinsic factor, Semaphorin 4A (Sema4A), which non-cell-autonomously confers myHSC resilience to inflammatory stress. We show that, in the absence of Sema4A, myHSC inflammatory hyper-responsiveness in young mice drives excessive myHSC expansion, myeloid bias and profound loss of regenerative function with age. Mechanistically, Sema4A is mainly produced by neutrophils, signals via a cell surface receptor, Plexin D1, and safeguards the myHSC epigenetic state. Our study shows that, by selectively protecting a distinct stem cell subset, an extrinsic factor preserves functional diversity of somatic stem cell pool throughout organismal lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorsa Toghani
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sanika Gupte
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sharon Zeng
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elmir Mahammadov
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells (IES), Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Edie I Crosse
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Christian Burns
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - David Gravano
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Radtke
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hans-Peter Kiem
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sonia Rodriguez
- Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Nadia Carlesso
- Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Amogh Pradeep
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexis Georgiades
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Fabienne Lucas
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicola K Wilson
- Department of Haematology, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah J Kinston
- Department of Haematology, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Le Zong
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Aging Unit, National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Isabel Beerman
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Aging Unit, National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bongsoo Park
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Aging Unit, National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Derek H Janssens
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Del Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Daniel Jones
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ali Toghani
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Claus Nerlov
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eric M Pietras
- Department of Medicine-Hematology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marion Mesnieres
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christa Maes
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Diseases, University of Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Thomas Worzfeld
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jin-Gyu Cheong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven Z Josefowicz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter Kharchenko
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David T Scadden
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonio Scialdone
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells (IES), Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Joel A Spencer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Lev Silberstein
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
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2
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Singh A, Chia JJ, Rao DS, Hoffmann A. Population dynamics modeling reveals that myeloid bias involves both HSC differentiation and progenitor proliferation biases. Blood 2025; 145:1293-1308. [PMID: 39791596 PMCID: PMC11952015 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2024025598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 11/01/2024] [Accepted: 11/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2025] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Aging and chronic inflammation are associated with overabundant myeloid-primed multipotent progenitors (MPPs) among hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Although hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation bias has been considered a primary cause of myeloid bias, whether it is sufficient has not been quantitatively evaluated. Here, we analyzed bone marrow data from the IκB- (Nfkbia+/-Nfkbib-/-Nfkbie-/-) mouse model of inflammation with elevated NFκB activity, which reveals increased myeloid-biased MPPs. We interpreted these data with differential equation models of population dynamics to identify alterations of HSPC proliferation and differentiation rates. This analysis revealed that short-term HSC differentiation bias alone is likely insufficient to account for the increase in myeloid-biased MPPs. To explore additional mechanisms, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) measurements of IκB- and wild-type HSPCs to track the continuous differentiation trajectories from HSCs to erythrocyte/megakaryocyte, myeloid, and lymphoid primed progenitors. Fitting a partial differential equations model of population dynamics to these data revealed not only less lymphoid-fate specification among HSCs but also increased expansion of early myeloid-primed progenitors. Differentially expressed genes along the differentiation trajectories supported increased proliferation among these progenitors. These findings were conserved when wild-type HSPCs were transplanted into IκB- recipients, indicating that an inflamed bone marrow microenvironment is a sufficient driver. We then applied our analysis pipeline to scRNA-seq measurements of HSPCs isolated from aged mice and human patients with myeloid neoplasms. These analyses identified the same myeloid-primed progenitor expansion as in the IκB- models, suggesting that it is a common feature across different settings of myeloid bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apeksha Singh
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jennifer J. Chia
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Dinesh S. Rao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
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3
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Aldridge DL, Lanzar Z, Phan AT, Christian DA, Pardy R, Min B, Kedl RM, Hunter CA. IL-27 limits HSPC differentiation during infection and protects from stem cell exhaustion. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2025:2025.01.15.633135. [PMID: 39868131 PMCID: PMC11761129 DOI: 10.1101/2025.01.15.633135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2025]
Abstract
Many inflammatory stimuli can induce progenitor cells in the bone marrow to produce increased numbers of myeloid cells as part of the process of emergency myelopoiesis. These events are associated with innate training and can have long-term impacts on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) development but can also compromise their function. While many cytokines support emergency myelopoiesis, less is known about the mechanisms that temper these events. When mice that lack the cytokine IL-27 were infected with Toxoplasma gondii, there was enhanced generation of monocyte progenitors and increased numbers of inflammatory monocytes. In the bone marrow of infected mice there was increased production of IL-27 that localized with HSPCs and a survey of cytokine receptor expression highlighted that HSPCs were uniquely poised to respond to IL-27. Furthermore, the use of in vitro differentiation assays and mixed bone marrow chimeras revealed that HSPCs from IL-27 deficient mice are pre-disposed towards the monocyte lineage. Additional studies highlighted that after infection loss of the IL-27R resulted in reduced HSPC fitness that manifested as reduced proliferative responses and a decreased ability to reconstitute the hematopoietic system. Thus, the ability of IL-27 to act on HSPC provides a regulatory brake on differentiation to limit monocyte induction and preserve HSPC stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Aldridge
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zachary Lanzar
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anthony T Phan
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David A Christian
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ryan Pardy
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Booki Min
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinber School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ross M Kedl
- University of Colorado, Anschuitz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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4
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Ruffinatto L, Groult Y, Iacono J, Sarrazin S, de Laval B. Hematopoietic stem cell a reservoir of innate immune memory. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1491729. [PMID: 39720722 PMCID: PMC11666435 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1491729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 10/30/2024] [Indexed: 12/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a rare, long-lived and multipotent population that give rise to majority of blood cells and some tissue-resident immune cells. There is growing evidence that inflammatory stimuli can trigger persistent reprogramming in HSCs that enhances or inhibits the cellular functions of these HSCs and their progeny in response to subsequent infections. This newly discovered property makes HSCs a reservoir for innate immune memory. The molecular mechanisms underlying innate immune memory in HSCs are similar to those observed in innate immune cells, although their full elucidation is still pending. In this review, we examine the current state of knowledge on how an inflammatory response leads to reprogramming of HSCs. Understanding the full spectrum of consequences of reshaping early hematopoiesis is critical for assessing the potential benefits and risks under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bérengère de Laval
- Aix Marseille University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut
National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France
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5
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Xia J, Lan L, You C, Tang L, Chen T, Yang Y, Lin L, Sun J. Interleukin-1β modulates lymphoid differentiation of Flt3-positive multipotent progenitors after transplantation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114890. [PMID: 39425929 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloablative pre-conditioning facilitates the differentiation of transplanted hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). However, the factors in the stress environment that regulate HSPC behavior remain elusive. Here, we investigated the mechanisms that shaped the cell fates of transplanted murine multipotent progenitors (MPPs) expressing the Fms-related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 gene (Flt3). Using lineage tracing, clonal analysis, and single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we showed that the myeloablative environment increased lymphoid priming of Flt3+ MPPs and that their efficient B cell output required intact interleukin 1 (IL-1) signaling. The Flt3+ MPPs with short-term exposure to IL-1β underwent a myeloid-biased to lymphoid-biased cell fate switch and produced more lymphoid-biased progeny with a stronger B lymphopoiesis capacity in vitro. Correspondingly, a brief exposure to IL-1β facilitated the B cell output of transplanted Flt3+ MPPs in vivo. Together, our study demonstrated an unrecognized function of IL-1β in promoting B lymphopoiesis and highlighted a latent effect of IL-1β in regulating MPP cell fate dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lisi Lan
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chenyu You
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Li Tang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tao Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yunqiao Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Li Lin
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Jianlong Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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6
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Mills TS, Kain B, Burchill MA, Danis E, Lucas ED, Culp-Hill R, Cowan CM, Schleicher WE, Patel SB, Tran BT, Cao R, Goodspeed A, Ferrara S, Bevers S, Jirón Tamburini BA, Roede JR, D'Alessandro A, King KY, Pietras EM. A distinct metabolic and epigenetic state drives trained immunity in HSC-derived macrophages from autoimmune mice. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:1630-1649.e8. [PMID: 39413777 PMCID: PMC11560650 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024]
Abstract
Here, we investigate the contribution of long-term hematopoietic stem cells (HSCsLT) to trained immunity (TI) in the setting of chronic autoimmune disease. Using a mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we show that bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from autoimmune mice exhibit hallmark features of TI, including increased Mycobacterium avium killing and inflammatory cytokine production, which are mechanistically linked to increased glycolytic metabolism. We show that HSCs from autoimmune mice constitute a transplantable, long-term reservoir for macrophages that exhibit the functional properties of TI. However, these BMDMs exhibit reduced glycolytic activity and chromatin accessibility at metabolic genes while retaining elevated expression of TI-associated transcriptional regulators. Hence, HSC exposed to autoimmune inflammation can give rise to macrophages in which the functional and metabolic properties of TI are decoupled. Our data support a model in which TI is characterized by a spectrum of molecular and metabolic states driving augmented immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor S Mills
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Bailee Kain
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Matt A Burchill
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Etienne Danis
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Erin D Lucas
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rachel Culp-Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Courtney M Cowan
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Wolfgang E Schleicher
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sweta B Patel
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Brandon T Tran
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ruoqiong Cao
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrew Goodspeed
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sarah Ferrara
- University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Shaun Bevers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Beth A Jirón Tamburini
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - James R Roede
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Katherine Y King
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eric M Pietras
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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7
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Cao R, Thatavarty A, King KY. Forged in the fire: Lasting impacts of inflammation on hematopoietic progenitors. Exp Hematol 2024; 134:104215. [PMID: 38580008 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Quiescence and differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) can be modified by systemic inflammatory cues. Such cues can not only yield short-term changes in HSPCs such as in supporting emergency granulopoiesis but can also promote lasting influences on the HSPC compartment. First, inflammation can be a driver for clonal expansion, promoting clonal hematopoiesis for certain mutant clones, reducing overall clonal diversity, and reshaping the composition of the HSPC pool with significant health consequences. Second, inflammation can generate lasting cell-autonomous changes in HSPCs themselves, leading to changes in the epigenetic state, metabolism, and function of downstream innate immune cells. This concept, termed "trained immunity," suggests that inflammatory stimuli can alter subsequent immune responses leading to improved innate immunity or, conversely, autoimmunity. Both of these concepts have major implications in human health. Here we reviewed current literature about the lasting effects of inflammation on the HSPC compartment and opportunities for future advancement in this fast-developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoqiong Cao
- Department of Pediatrics - Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Apoorva Thatavarty
- Department of Pediatrics - Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Graduate Program in Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Katherine Y King
- Department of Pediatrics - Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
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8
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Sadeghi M, Divangahi M. Discovering adaptive features of innate immune memory. Immunol Rev 2024; 323:186-196. [PMID: 38563500 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Conventionally, it was thought that innate immunity operated through a simple system of nonspecific responses to an insult. However, this perspective now seems overly simplistic. It has become evident that intricate cooperation and networking among various cells, receptors, signaling pathways, and protein complexes are essential for regulating and defining the overall activation status of the immune response, where the distinction between innate and adaptive immunity becomes ambiguous. Given the evolutionary timeline of vertebrates and the success of plants and invertebrates which depend solely on innate immunity, immune memory cannot be considered an innovation of only the lymphoid lineage. Indeed, the evolutionary innate immune memory program is a conserved mechanism whereby innate immune cells can induce a heightened response to a secondary stimulus due to metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming. Importantly, the longevity of this memory phenotype can be attributed to the reprogramming of self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow, which is subsequently transmitted to lineage-committed innate immune cells. HSCs reside within a complex regulated network of immune and stromal cells that govern their two primary functions: self-renewal and differentiation. In this review, we delve into the emerging cellular and molecular mechanisms as well as metabolic pathways of innate memory in HSCs, which harbor substantial therapeutic promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Sadeghi
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maziar Divangahi
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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9
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Patel B, Zhou Y, Babcock RL, Ma F, Zal MA, Kumar D, Medik YB, Kahn LM, Pineda JE, Park EM, Schneider SM, Tang X, Raso MG, Jeter CR, Zal T, Clise-Dwyer K, Keyomarsi K, Giancotti FG, Colla S, Watowich SS. STAT3 protects hematopoietic stem cells by preventing activation of a deleterious autocrine type-I interferon response. Leukemia 2024; 38:1143-1155. [PMID: 38467768 PMCID: PMC11283865 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02218-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) maintain blood-forming and immune activity, yet intrinsic regulators of HSPCs remain elusive. STAT3 function in HSPCs has been difficult to dissect as Stat3-deficiency in the hematopoietic compartment induces systemic inflammation, which can impact HSPC activity. Here, we developed mixed bone marrow (BM) chimeric mice with inducible Stat3 deletion in 20% of the hematopoietic compartment to avoid systemic inflammation. Stat3-deficient HSPCs were significantly impaired in reconstitution ability following primary or secondary bone marrow transplantation, indicating hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) defects. Single-cell RNA sequencing of Lin-ckit+Sca1+ BM cells (LSKs) revealed aberrant activation of cell cycle, p53, and interferon (IFN) pathways in Stat3-deficient HSPCs. Stat3-deficient LSKs accumulated γH2AX and showed increased expression of DNA sensors and type-I IFN (IFN-I), while treatment with A151-ODN inhibited expression of IFN-I and IFN-responsive genes. Further, the blockade of IFN-I receptor signaling suppressed aberrant cell cycling, STAT1 activation, and nuclear p53 accumulation. Collectively, our results show that STAT3 inhibits a deleterious autocrine IFN response in HSCs to maintain long-term HSC function. These data signify the importance of ensuring therapeutic STAT3 inhibitors are targeted specifically to diseased cells to avoid off-target loss of healthy HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhakti Patel
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rachel L Babcock
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Feiyang Ma
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - M Anna Zal
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Herbert Irving Cancer Center and Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yusra B Medik
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laura M Kahn
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Josué E Pineda
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Park
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah M Schneider
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ximing Tang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maria Gabriela Raso
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Collene R Jeter
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tomasz Zal
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Karen Clise-Dwyer
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Khandan Keyomarsi
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Filippo G Giancotti
- Herbert Irving Cancer Center and Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simona Colla
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephanie S Watowich
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
- Program for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research (PRIME-TR), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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10
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Rocco JM, Zhou Y, Liu NS, Laidlaw E, Galindo F, Anderson MV, Rupert A, Lage SL, Ortega-Villa AM, Yu S, Lisco A, Manion M, Vassiliou GS, Dunbar CE, Sereti I. Clonal hematopoiesis in people with advanced HIV and associated inflammatory syndromes. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e174783. [PMID: 38564303 PMCID: PMC11141903 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.174783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
People with HIV (PWH) have a higher age-adjusted mortality due to chronic immune activation and age-related comorbidities. PWH also have higher rates of clonal hematopoiesis (CH) than age-matched non-HIV cohorts; however, risk factors influencing the development and expansion of CH in PWH remain incompletely explored. We investigated the relationship between CH, immune biomarkers, and HIV-associated risk factors (CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, nadir CD4+ count, opportunistic infections [OIs], and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome [IRIS]) in a diverse cohort of 197 PWH with median age of 42 years, using a 56-gene panel. Seventy-nine percent had a CD4+ nadir below 200 cells/μL, 58.9% had prior OIs, and 34.5% had a history of IRIS. The prevalence of CH was high (27.4%), even in younger individuals, and CD8+ T cells and nadir CD4+ counts strongly associated with CH after controlling for age. A history of IRIS was associated with CH in a subgroup analysis of patients 35 years of age and older. Inflammatory biomarkers were higher in CH carriers compared with noncarriers, supporting a dysregulated immune state. These findings suggest PWH with low nadir CD4+ and/or inflammatory complications may be at high risk of CH regardless of age and represent a high-risk group that could benefit from risk reduction and potentially targeted immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas S. Liu
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Biology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | | | | | - Adam Rupert
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Silvia L. Lage
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and
| | | | - Shiqin Yu
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea Lisco
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and
| | - Maura Manion
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and
| | - George S. Vassiliou
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (CUH), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Cynthia E. Dunbar
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Irini Sereti
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and
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11
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Li T, Qian K, Han J, Liu Y, Jia L, Wang X, Li T, Zhang B, Li J, Li H, Dou L, Li L. Higher Expression of Human Endogenous Retrovirus-K was Observed in Peripheral B Lymphocytes of Leukemia and Lymphoma Patients. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2024; 40:268-279. [PMID: 38009220 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2023.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematological malignant tumors (HMTs) are serious diseases that threaten human health and life with high mortality. Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel strategies for diagnosis and treatment. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) have recently attracted increasing attention as potential targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this study, we explored the association between HERV-K expression levels and HMTs development. Clinical data and peripheral blood samples were collected from 236 leukemia, 384 lymphoma patients, and 69 healthy controls. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of HERV-K gag, pol, and env genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells or different cell subpopulations. Differently expressed HERV-K genes were further tested by using deep sequencing method, and further analyzed with gene ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. B cell- and T cell-related cytokines in patients were also detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the expression levels of the HERV-K gag, pol, and env genes in patients were significantly higher than in healthy controls. There was a correlation between the expression level of HERV-K and the clinicopathological parameters of leukemia patients. HERV-K expression was increased in the B lymphocytes of leukemia and lymphoma patients, but not in the T cells or neutrophils. The GO and KEGG analyses showed that abnormal expression of the HERV-K locus in patients affected immune regulation. The analysis of cytokines proved that the B cell-related cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon-gamma, were significantly decreased in patients, while the T cell-related cytokines, including IL-3, IL-12, and TNF-β, were not significantly changed. In conclusion, HERV-K genes might participate in the occurrence and development of leukemia and lymphoma, and might be biomarkers for the detection or evaluation of leukemia and lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Department of AIDS Research, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Qian
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingwan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Department of AIDS Research, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Department of AIDS Research, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Department of AIDS Research, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Department of AIDS Research, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Department of AIDS Research, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Bohan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Department of AIDS Research, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Department of AIDS Research, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hanping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Department of AIDS Research, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Dou
- Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Department of AIDS Research, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
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12
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Bouman BJ, Demerdash Y, Sood S, Grünschläger F, Pilz F, Itani AR, Kuck A, Marot-Lassauzaie V, Haas S, Haghverdi L, Essers MA. Single-cell time series analysis reveals the dynamics of HSPC response to inflammation. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302309. [PMID: 38110222 PMCID: PMC10728485 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are known to respond to acute inflammation; however, little is understood about the dynamics and heterogeneity of these stress responses in HSPCs. Here, we performed single-cell sequencing during the sensing, response, and recovery phases of the inflammatory response of HSPCs to treatment (a total of 10,046 cells from four time points spanning the first 72 h of response) with the pro-inflammatory cytokine IFNα to investigate the HSPCs' dynamic changes during acute inflammation. We developed the essential novel computational approaches to process and analyze the resulting single-cell time series dataset. This includes an unbiased cell type annotation and abundance analysis post inflammation, tools for identification of global and cell type-specific responding genes, and a semi-supervised linear regression approach for response pseudotime reconstruction. We discovered a variety of different gene responses of the HSPCs to the treatment. Interestingly, we were able to associate a global reduced myeloid differentiation program and a locally enhanced pyroptosis activity with reduced myeloid progenitor and differentiated cells after IFNα treatment. Altogether, the single-cell time series analyses have allowed us to unbiasedly study the heterogeneous and dynamic impact of IFNα on the HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte J Bouman
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yasmin Demerdash
- Division Inflammatory Stress in Stem Cells, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shubhankar Sood
- Division Inflammatory Stress in Stem Cells, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Grünschläger
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Franziska Pilz
- Division Inflammatory Stress in Stem Cells, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Abdul R Itani
- Division Inflammatory Stress in Stem Cells, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Kuck
- Division Inflammatory Stress in Stem Cells, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Valérie Marot-Lassauzaie
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Haas
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laleh Haghverdi
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marieke Ag Essers
- Division Inflammatory Stress in Stem Cells, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Liu X, Zhang H, Shi G, Zheng X, Chang J, Lin Q, Tian Z, Yang H. The impact of gut microbial signals on hematopoietic stem cells and the bone marrow microenvironment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1338178. [PMID: 38415259 PMCID: PMC10896826 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1338178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo self-renewal and differentiation in the bone marrow, which is tightly regulated by cues from the microenvironment. The gut microbiota, a dynamic community residing on the mucosal surface of vertebrates, plays a crucial role in maintaining host health. Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota influences HSCs differentiation by modulating the bone marrow microenvironment through microbial products. This paper comprehensively analyzes the impact of the gut microbiota on hematopoiesis and its effect on HSCs fate and differentiation by modifying the bone marrow microenvironment, including mechanical properties, inflammatory signals, bone marrow stromal cells, and metabolites. Furthermore, we discuss the involvement of the gut microbiota in the development of hematologic malignancies, such as leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiru Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guolin Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinmin Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Medical Service, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Quande Lin
- Medical Service, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenhao Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
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14
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Haubner S, Mansilla-Soto J, Nataraj S, Kogel F, Chang Q, de Stanchina E, Lopez M, Ng MR, Fraser K, Subklewe M, Park JH, Wang X, Rivière I, Sadelain M. Cooperative CAR targeting to selectively eliminate AML and minimize escape. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:1871-1891.e6. [PMID: 37802054 PMCID: PMC11006543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) poses a singular challenge for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy owing to its phenotypic heterogeneity and similarity to normal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Here we expound a CAR strategy intended to efficiently target AML while minimizing HSPC toxicity. Quantification of target expression in relapsed/refractory patient samples and normal HSPCs reveals a therapeutic window for gated co-targeting of ADGRE2 and CLEC12A: We combine an attenuated ADGRE2-CAR with a CLEC12A-chimeric costimulatory receptor (ADCLEC.syn1) to preferentially engage ADGRE2posCLEC12Apos leukemic stem cells over ADGRE2lowCLEC12Aneg normal HSPCs. ADCLEC.syn1 prevents antigen escape in AML xenograft models, outperforms the ADGRE2-CAR alone and eradicates AML despite proximate myelopoiesis in humanized mice. Off-target HSPC toxicity is similar to that of a CD19-CAR and can be mitigated by reducing CAR T cell-derived interferon-γ. Overall, we demonstrate the ability of target density-adapted cooperative CAR targeting to selectively eliminate AML and potentially obviate the need for hematopoietic rescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Haubner
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jorge Mansilla-Soto
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sarah Nataraj
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Friederike Kogel
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Qing Chang
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael Lopez
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mei Rosa Ng
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Kathryn Fraser
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Marion Subklewe
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jae H Park
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Cellular Therapy Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xiuyan Wang
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Michael G. Harris Cell Therapy and Cell Engineering Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Isabelle Rivière
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Michael G. Harris Cell Therapy and Cell Engineering Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michel Sadelain
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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15
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Jani PK, Petkau G, Kawano Y, Klemm U, Guerra GM, Heinz GA, Heinrich F, Durek P, Mashreghi MF, Melchers F. The miR-221/222 cluster regulates hematopoietic stem cell quiescence and multipotency by suppressing both Fos/AP-1/IEG pathway activation and stress-like differentiation to granulocytes. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002015. [PMID: 37983263 PMCID: PMC10695376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout life, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), residing in bone marrow (BM), continuously regenerate erythroid/megakaryocytic, myeloid, and lymphoid cell lineages. This steady-state hematopoiesis from HSC and multipotent progenitors (MPPs) in BM can be perturbed by stress. The molecular controls of how stress can impact hematopoietic output remain poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression have been found to control various functions in hematopoiesis. We find that the miR-221/222 cluster, which is expressed in HSC and in MPPs differentiating from them, perturbs steady-state hematopoiesis in ways comparable to stress. We compare pool sizes and single-cell transcriptomes of HSC and MPPs in unperturbed or stress-perturbed, miR-221/222-proficient or miR-221/222-deficient states. MiR-221/222 deficiency in hematopoietic cells was induced in C57BL/6J mice by conditional vav-cre-mediated deletion of the floxed miR-221/222 gene cluster. Social stress as well as miR-221/222 deficiency, alone or in combination, reduced HSC pools 3-fold and increased MPPs 1.5-fold. It also enhanced granulopoisis in the spleen. Furthermore, combined stress and miR-221/222 deficiency increased the erythroid/myeloid/granulocytic precursor pools in BM. Differential expression analyses of single-cell RNAseq transcriptomes of unperturbed and stressed, proficient HSC and MPPs detected more than 80 genes, selectively up-regulated in stressed cells, among them immediate early genes (IEGs). The same differential single-cell transcriptome analyses of unperturbed, miR-221/222-proficient with deficient HSC and MPPs identified Fos, Jun, JunB, Klf6, Nr4a1, Ier2, Zfp36-all IEGs-as well as CD74 and Ly6a as potential miRNA targets. Three of them, Klf6, Nr4a1, and Zfp36, have previously been found to influence myelogranulopoiesis. Together with increased levels of Jun, Fos forms increased amounts of the heterodimeric activator protein-1 (AP-1), which is known to control the expression of the selectively up-regulated expression of the IEGs. The comparisons of single-cell mRNA-deep sequencing analyses of socially stressed with miR-221/222-deficient HSC identify 5 of the 7 Fos/AP-1-controlled IEGs, Ier2, Jun, Junb, Klf6, and Zfp36, as common activators of HSC from quiescence. Combined with stress, miR-221/222 deficiency enhanced the Fos/AP-1/IEG pathway, extended it to MPPs, and increased the number of granulocyte precursors in BM, inducing selective up-regulation of genes encoding heat shock proteins Hspa5 and Hspa8, tubulin-cytoskeleton-organizing proteins Tuba1b, Tubb 4b and 5, and chromatin remodeling proteins H3f3b, H2afx, H2afz, and Hmgb2. Up-regulated in HSC, MPP1, and/or MPP2, they appear as potential regulators of stress-induced, miR-221/222-dependent increased granulocyte differentiation. Finally, stress by serial transplantations of miR-221/222-deficient HSC selectively exhausted their lymphoid differentiation capacities, while retaining their ability to home to BM and to differentiate to granulocytes. Thus, miR-221/222 maintains HSC quiescence and multipotency by suppressing Fos/AP-1/IEG-mediated activation and by suppressing enhanced stress-like differentiation to granulocytes. Since miR-221/222 is also expressed in human HSC, controlled induction of miR-221/222 in HSC should improve BM transplantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K. Jani
- Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Petkau
- Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yohei Kawano
- Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Klemm
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Pawel Durek
- Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Fritz Melchers
- Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
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16
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Veras PST, de Santana MBR, Brodskyn CI, Fraga DBM, Solcà MS, De Menezes JPB, Leite BMM, Teixeira HMP. Elucidating the role played by bone marrow in visceral leishmaniasis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1261074. [PMID: 37860064 PMCID: PMC10582953 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1261074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a widespread group of infectious diseases that significantly impact global health. Despite high prevalence, leishmaniasis often receives inadequate attention in the prioritization of measures targeting tropical diseases. The causative agents of leishmaniasis are protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus, which give rise to a diverse range of clinical manifestations, including cutaneous and visceral forms. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the most severe form, can be life-threatening if left untreated. Parasites can spread systemically within the body, infecting a range of organs, such as the liver, spleen, bone marrow and lymph nodes. Natural reservoirs for these protozoa include rodents, dogs, foxes, jackals, and wolves, with dogs serving as the primary urban reservoir for Leishmania infantum. Dogs exhibit clinical and pathological similarities to human VL and are valuable models for studying disease progression. Both human and canine VL provoke clinical symptoms, such as organ enlargement, fever, weight loss and abnormal gamma globulin levels. Hematologic abnormalities have also been observed, including anemia, leukopenia with lymphocytosis, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. Studies in dogs have linked these hematologic changes in peripheral blood to alterations in the bone marrow. Mouse models of VL have also contributed significantly to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying these hematologic and bone marrow abnormalities. This review consolidates information on hematological and immunological changes in the bone marrow of humans, dogs, and mice infected with Leishmania species causing VL. It includes findings on the role of bone marrow as a source of parasite persistence in internal organs and VL development. Highlighting gaps in current knowledge, the review emphasizes the need for future research to enhance our understanding of VL and identify potential targets for novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Sampaio Tavares Veras
- Laboratory of Parasite - Host Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute-Fiocruz Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology of Tropical Diseases, National Council for Scientific Research and Development (CNPq), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maria Borges Rabêlo de Santana
- Laboratory of Parasite - Host Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute-Fiocruz Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Claudia Ida Brodskyn
- Laboratory of Parasite - Host Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute-Fiocruz Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Deborah Bittencourt Mothé Fraga
- Laboratory of Parasite - Host Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute-Fiocruz Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Manuela Silva Solcà
- Laboratory of Parasite - Host Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute-Fiocruz Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Martins Macedo Leite
- Laboratory of Parasite - Host Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute-Fiocruz Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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17
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Khan A, Paneerselvam N, Lawson BR. Antiretrovirals to CCR5 CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing - A paradigm shift chasing an HIV cure. Clin Immunol 2023; 255:109741. [PMID: 37611838 PMCID: PMC10631514 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of drug-resistant viral strains and anatomical and cellular reservoirs of HIV pose significant clinical challenges to antiretroviral therapy. CCR5 is a coreceptor critical for HIV host cell fusion, and a homozygous 32-bp gene deletion (∆32) leads to its loss of function. Interestingly, an allogeneic HSCT from an HIV-negative ∆32 donor to an HIV-1-infected recipient demonstrated a curative approach by rendering the recipient's blood cells resistant to viral entry. Ex vivo gene editing tools, such as CRISPR/Cas9, hold tremendous promise in generating allogeneic HSC grafts that can potentially replace allogeneic ∆32 HSCTs. Here, we review antiretroviral therapeutic challenges, clinical successes, and failures of allogeneic and allogeneic ∆32 HSCTs, and newer exciting developments within CCR5 editing using CRISPR/Cas9 in the search to cure HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Khan
- The Scintillon Research Institute, 6868 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | | | - Brian R Lawson
- The Scintillon Research Institute, 6868 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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18
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Kain BN, Tran BT, Luna PN, Cao R, Le DT, Florez MA, Maneix L, Toups JD, Morales-Mantilla DE, Koh S, Han H, Jaksik R, Huang Y, Catic A, Shaw CA, King KY. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells confer cross-protective trained immunity in mouse models. iScience 2023; 26:107596. [PMID: 37664586 PMCID: PMC10470378 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that infection reprograms hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to enhance innate immune responses upon secondary infectious challenge, a process called "trained immunity." However, the specificity and cell types responsible for this response remain poorly defined. We established a model of trained immunity in mice in response to Mycobacterium avium infection. scRNA-seq analysis revealed that HSPCs activate interferon gamma-response genes heterogeneously upon primary challenge, while rare cell populations expand. Macrophages derived from trained HSPCs demonstrated enhanced bacterial killing and metabolism, and a single dose of recombinant interferon gamma exposure was sufficient to induce similar training. Mice transplanted with influenza-trained HSPCs displayed enhanced immunity against M. avium challenge and vice versa, demonstrating cross protection against antigenically distinct pathogens. Together, these results indicate that heterogeneous responses to infection by HSPCs can lead to long-term production of bone marrow derived macrophages with enhanced function and confer cross-protection against alternative pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailee N. Kain
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics – Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brandon T. Tran
- Department of Pediatrics – Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Cancer and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pamela N. Luna
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ruoqiong Cao
- Department of Pediatrics – Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Duy T. Le
- Department of Pediatrics – Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marcus A. Florez
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics – Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laure Maneix
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jack D. Toups
- Department of Pediatrics – Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel E. Morales-Mantilla
- Department of Pediatrics – Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Scott Koh
- Department of Pediatrics – Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hyojeong Han
- Department of Pediatrics – Division of Hematology Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roman Jaksik
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering and Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Yun Huang
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andre Catic
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chad A. Shaw
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Katherine Y. King
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics – Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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19
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Wang M, Brandt LTL, Wang X, Russell H, Mitchell E, Kamimae-Lanning AN, Brown JM, Dingler FA, Garaycoechea JI, Isobe T, Kinston SJ, Gu M, Vassiliou GS, Wilson NK, Göttgens B, Patel KJ. Genotoxic aldehyde stress prematurely ages hematopoietic stem cells in a p53-driven manner. Mol Cell 2023; 83:2417-2433.e7. [PMID: 37348497 PMCID: PMC7614878 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Aged hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) display diminished self-renewal and a myeloid differentiation bias. However, the drivers and mechanisms that underpin this fundamental switch are not understood. HSCs produce genotoxic formaldehyde that requires protection by the detoxification enzymes ALDH2 and ADH5 and the Fanconi anemia (FA) DNA repair pathway. We find that the HSCs in young Aldh2-/-Fancd2-/- mice harbor a transcriptomic signature equivalent to aged wild-type HSCs, along with increased epigenetic age, telomere attrition, and myeloid-biased differentiation quantified by single HSC transplantation. In addition, the p53 response is vigorously activated in Aldh2-/-Fancd2-/- HSCs, while p53 deletion rescued this aged HSC phenotype. To further define the origins of the myeloid differentiation bias, we use a GFP genetic reporter to find a striking enrichment of Vwf+ myeloid and megakaryocyte-lineage-biased HSCs. These results indicate that metabolism-derived formaldehyde-DNA damage stimulates the p53 response in HSCs to drive accelerated aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Laura T L Brandt
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Holly Russell
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Emily Mitchell
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Ashley N Kamimae-Lanning
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Jill M Brown
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Felix A Dingler
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Juan I Garaycoechea
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) and University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tomoya Isobe
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah J Kinston
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Muxin Gu
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - George S Vassiliou
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicola K Wilson
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ketan J Patel
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
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20
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Kuziel G, Moore BN, Haugstad GP, Arendt LM. Fibrocytes enhance mammary gland fibrosis in obesity. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23049. [PMID: 37342915 PMCID: PMC10316715 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300399rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Obesity rates continue to rise, and obese individuals are at higher risk for multiple types of cancer, including breast cancer. Obese mammary fat is a site of chronic, macrophage-driven inflammation, which enhances fibrosis within adipose tissue. Elevated fibrosis within the mammary gland may contribute to risk for obesity-associated breast cancer. To understand how inflammation due to obesity enhanced fibrosis within mammary tissue, we utilized a high-fat diet model of obesity and elimination of CCR2 signaling in mice to identify changes in immune cell populations and their impact on fibrosis. We observed that obesity increased a population of CD11b+ cells with the ability to form myofibroblast-like colonies in vitro. This population of CD11b+ cells is consistent with fibrocytes, which have been identified in wound healing and chronic inflammatory diseases but have not been examined in obesity. In CCR2-null mice, which have limited ability to recruit myeloid lineage cells into obese adipose tissue, we observed reduced mammary fibrosis and diminished fibrocyte colony formation in vitro. Transplantation of myeloid progenitor cells, which are the cells of origin for fibrocytes, into the mammary glands of obese CCR2-null mice resulted in significantly increased myofibroblast formation. Gene expression analyses of the myeloid progenitor cell population from obese mice demonstrated enrichment for genes associated with collagen biosynthesis and extracellular matrix remodeling. Together these results show that obesity enhances recruitment of fibrocytes to promote obesity-induced fibrosis in the mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevra Kuziel
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison,
Madison WI 53706, U.S.A
| | - Brittney N. Moore
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of
Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706, U.S.A
| | - Grace P. Haugstad
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of
Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706, U.S.A
| | - Lisa M. Arendt
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison,
Madison WI 53706, U.S.A
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of
Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706, U.S.A
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21
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Sun T, Li D, Huang L, Zhu X. Inflammatory abrasion of hematopoietic stem cells: a candidate clue for the post-CAR-T hematotoxicity? Front Immunol 2023; 14:1141779. [PMID: 37223096 PMCID: PMC10200893 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1141779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has shown remarkable effects in treating various hematological malignancies. However, hematotoxicity, specifically neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia, poses a serious threat to patient prognosis and remains a less focused adverse effect of CAR-T therapy. The mechanism underlying lasting or recurring late-phase hematotoxicity, long after the influence of lymphodepletion therapy and cytokine release syndrome (CRS), remains elusive. In this review, we summarize the current clinical studies on CAR-T late hematotoxicity to clarify its definition, incidence, characteristics, risk factors, and interventions. Owing to the effectiveness of transfusing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in rescuing severe CAR-T late hematotoxicity and the unignorable role of inflammation in CAR-T therapy, this review also discusses possible mechanisms of the harmful influence of inflammation on HSCs, including inflammatory abrasion of the number and the function of HSCs. We also discuss chronic and acute inflammation. Cytokines, cellular immunity, and niche factors likely to be disturbed in CAR-T therapy are highlighted factors with possible contributions to post-CAR-T hematotoxicity.
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22
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Shevyrev D, Tereshchenko V, Berezina TN, Rybtsov S. Hematopoietic Stem Cells and the Immune System in Development and Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065862. [PMID: 36982935 PMCID: PMC10056303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) support haematopoiesis throughout life and give rise to the whole variety of cells of the immune system. Developing in the early embryo, passing through the precursor stage, and maturing into the first HSCs, they undergo a fairly large number of divisions while maintaining a high regenerative potential due to high repair activity. This potential is greatly reduced in adult HSCs. They go into a state of dormancy and anaerobic metabolism to maintain their stemness throughout life. However, with age, changes occur in the pool of HSCs that negatively affect haematopoiesis and the effectiveness of immunity. Niche aging and accumulation of mutations with age reduces the ability of HSCs to self-renew and changes their differentiation potential. This is accompanied by a decrease in clonal diversity and a disturbance of lymphopoiesis (decrease in the formation of naive T- and B-cells) and the predominance of myeloid haematopoiesis. Aging also affects mature cells, regardless of HSC, therefore, phagocytic activity and the intensity of the oxidative burst decrease, and the efficiency of processing and presentation of antigens by myeloid cells is impaired. Aging cells of innate and adaptive immunity produce factors that form a chronic inflammatory background. All these processes have a serious negative impact on the protective properties of the immune system, increasing inflammation, the risk of developing autoimmune, oncological, and cardiovascular diseases with age. Understanding the mechanisms of reducing the regenerative potential in a comparative analysis of embryonic and aging HSCs, the features of inflammatory aging will allow us to get closer to deciphering the programs for the development, aging, regeneration and rejuvenation of HSCs and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil Shevyrev
- Centre for Cell Technology and Immunology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Valeriy Tereshchenko
- Centre for Cell Technology and Immunology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Tatiana N Berezina
- Department of Scientific Basis of Extreme Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, 127051 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav Rybtsov
- Centre for Cell Technology and Immunology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK
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23
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Le DT, Florez MA, Kus P, Tran BT, Kain B, Zhu Y, Christensen K, Jain A, Malovannaya A, King KY. BATF2 promotes HSC myeloid differentiation by amplifying IFN response mediators during chronic infection. iScience 2023; 26:106059. [PMID: 36824275 PMCID: PMC9942003 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Basic leucine zipper ATF-like transcription factor 2 (BATF2), an interferon-activated immune response regulator, is a key factor responsible for myeloid differentiation and depletion of HSC during chronic infection. To delineate the mechanism of BATF2 function in HSCs, we assessed Batf2 KO mice during chronic infection and found that they produced less pro-inflammatory cytokines, less immune cell recruitment to the spleen, and impaired myeloid differentiation with better preservation of HSC capacity compared to WT. Co-IP analysis revealed that BATF2 forms a complex with JUN to amplify pro-inflammatory signaling pathways including CCL5 during infection. Blockade of CCL5 receptors phenocopied Batf2 KO differentiation defects, whereas treatment with recombinant CCL5 was sufficient to rescue IFNγ-induced myeloid differentiation and recruit more immune cells to the spleen in Batf2 KO mice. By revealing the mechanism of BATF2-induced myeloid differentiation of HSCs, these studies elucidate potential therapeutic strategies to boost immunity while preserving HSC function during chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy T. Le
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street Suite 1150, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marcus A. Florez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street Suite 1150, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, GSBS, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pawel Kus
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Brandon T. Tran
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street Suite 1150, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Cancer and Cell Biology, GSBS, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bailee Kain
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street Suite 1150, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, GSBS, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yingmin Zhu
- Protein and Antibody Production Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kurt Christensen
- Protein and Antibody Production Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Antrix Jain
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anna Malovannaya
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Katherine Y. King
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street Suite 1150, Houston, TX, USA
- Corresponding author
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24
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Patel B, Zhou Y, Babcock RL, Ma F, Zal MA, Kumar D, Medik YB, Kahn LM, Pineda JE, Park EM, Tang X, Raso MG, Zal T, Clise-Dwyer K, Giancotti FG, Colla S, Watowich SS. STAT3 protects HSCs from intrinsic interferon signaling and loss of long-term blood-forming activity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.10.528069. [PMID: 36798265 PMCID: PMC9934695 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.10.528069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
STAT3 function in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) has been difficult to discern as Stat3 deficiency in the hematopoietic system induces systemic inflammation, which can impact HSPC activity. To address this, we established mixed bone marrow (BM) chimeric mice with CreER-mediated Stat3 deletion in 20% of the hematopoietic compartment. Stat3-deficient HSPCs had impaired hematopoietic activity and failed to undergo expansion in BM in contrast to Stat3-sufficient (CreER) controls. Single-cell RNA sequencing of Lin-ckit+Sca1+ BM cells revealed altered transcriptional responses in Stat3-deficient hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and multipotent progenitors, including intrinsic activation of cell cycle, stress response, and interferon signaling pathways. Consistent with their deregulation, Stat3-deficient Lin-ckit+Sca1+ cells accumulated γH2AX over time. Following secondary BM transplantation, Stat3-deficient HSPCs failed to reconstitute peripheral blood effectively, indicating a severe functional defect in the HSC compartment. Our results reveal essential roles for STAT3 in HSCs and suggest the potential for using targeted synthetic lethal approaches with STAT3 inhibition to remove defective or diseased HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhakti Patel
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rachel L. Babcock
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Feiyang Ma
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Malgorzata A. Zal
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Herbert Irving Cancer Center and Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yusra B. Medik
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laura M. Kahn
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Josué E. Pineda
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Park
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ximing Tang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maria Gabriela Raso
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tomasz Zal
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Karen Clise-Dwyer
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Filippo G. Giancotti
- Herbert Irving Cancer Center and Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simona Colla
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephanie S. Watowich
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
- Program for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research (PRIME-TR), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, US
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25
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Gomes AC, Sousa DM, Oliveira TC, Fonseca Ó, Pinto RJ, Silvério D, Fernandes AI, Moreira AC, Silva T, Teles MJ, Pereira L, Saraiva M, Lamghari M, Gomes MS. Serum amyloid A proteins reduce bone mass during mycobacterial infections. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1168607. [PMID: 37153579 PMCID: PMC10161249 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1168607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteopenia has been associated to several inflammatory conditions, including mycobacterial infections. How mycobacteria cause bone loss remains elusive, but direct bone infection may not be required. Methods Genetically engineered mice and morphometric, transcriptomic, and functional analyses were used. Additionally, inflammatory mediators and bone turnover markers were measured in the serum of healthy controls, individuals with latent tuberculosis and patients with active tuberculosis. Results and discussion We found that infection with Mycobacterium avium impacts bone turnover by decreasing bone formation and increasing bone resorption, in an IFNγ- and TNFα-dependent manner. IFNγ produced during infection enhanced macrophage TNFα secretion, which in turn increased the production of serum amyloid A (SAA) 3. Saa3 expression was upregulated in the bone of both M. avium- and M. tuberculosis-infected mice and SAA1 and 2 proteins (that share a high homology with murine SAA3 protein) were increased in the serum of patients with active tuberculosis. Furthermore, the increased SAA levels seen in active tuberculosis patients correlated with altered serum bone turnover markers. Additionally, human SAA proteins impaired bone matrix deposition and increased osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Overall, we report a novel crosstalk between the cytokine-SAA network operating in macrophages and bone homeostasis. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of bone loss during infection and open the way to pharmacological intervention. Additionally, our data and disclose SAA proteins as potential biomarkers of bone loss during infection by mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cordeiro Gomes
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IMBC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Ana Cordeiro Gomes,
| | - Daniela Monteiro Sousa
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB – Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Óscar Fonseca
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Mestrado em Bioquímica Clínica, Universidade de Aveiro, , Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ricardo J. Pinto
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP – Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diogo Silvério
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IMBC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Fernandes
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IMBC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Moreira
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IMBC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tânia Silva
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Teles
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CHUSJ – Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, ISPUP - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa Pereira
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP – Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Saraiva
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IMBC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Meriem Lamghari
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB – Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Salomé Gomes
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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26
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López DA, Apostol AC, Lebish EJ, Valencia CH, Romero-Mulero MC, Pavlovich PV, Hernandez GE, Forsberg EC, Cabezas-Wallscheid N, Beaudin AE. Prenatal inflammation perturbs murine fetal hematopoietic development and causes persistent changes to postnatal immunity. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111677. [PMID: 36417858 PMCID: PMC10184520 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) respond directly to inflammation and infection, causing both acute and persistent changes to quiescence, mobilization, and differentiation. Here we show that murine fetal HSPCs respond to prenatal inflammation in utero and that the fetal response shapes postnatal hematopoiesis and immune cell function. Heterogeneous fetal HSPCs show divergent responses to maternal immune activation (MIA), including changes in quiescence, expansion, and lineage-biased output. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of fetal HSPCs in response to MIA reveals specific upregulation of inflammatory gene profiles in discrete, transient hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) populations that propagate expansion of lymphoid-biased progenitors. Beyond fetal development, MIA causes the inappropriate expansion and persistence of fetal lymphoid-biased progenitors postnatally, concomitant with increased cellularity and hyperresponsiveness of fetal-derived innate-like lymphocytes. Our investigation demonstrates how inflammation in utero can direct the output and function of fetal-derived immune cells by reshaping fetal HSC establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A López
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - April C Apostol
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Eric J Lebish
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Clint H Valencia
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | | | - Polina V Pavlovich
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gloria E Hernandez
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - E Camilla Forsberg
- Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Anna E Beaudin
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pathology, and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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27
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Li J, Williams MJ, Park HJ, Bastos HP, Wang X, Prins D, Wilson NK, Johnson C, Sham K, Wantoch M, Watcham S, Kinston SJ, Pask DC, Hamilton TL, Sneade R, Waller AK, Ghevaert C, Vassiliou GS, Laurenti E, Kent DG, Göttgens B, Green AR. STAT1 is essential for HSC function and maintains MHCIIhi stem cells that resist myeloablation and neoplastic expansion. Blood 2022; 140:1592-1606. [PMID: 35767701 PMCID: PMC7614316 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021014009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are predominantly quiescent and can be activated in response to acute stress such as infection or cytotoxic insults. STAT1 is a pivotal downstream mediator of interferon (IFN) signaling and is required for IFN-induced HSC proliferation, but little is known about the role of STAT1 in regulating homeostatic hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Here, we show that loss of STAT1 altered the steady state HSPC landscape, impaired HSC function in transplantation assays, delayed blood cell regeneration following myeloablation, and disrupted molecular programs that protect HSCs, including control of quiescence. Our results also reveal STAT1-dependent functional HSC heterogeneity. A previously unrecognized subset of homeostatic HSCs with elevated major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) expression (MHCIIhi) displayed molecular features of reduced cycling and apoptosis and was refractory to 5-fluorouracil-induced myeloablation. Conversely, MHCIIlo HSCs displayed increased megakaryocytic potential and were preferentially expanded in CALR mutant mice with thrombocytosis. Similar to mice, high MHCII expression is a feature of human HSCs residing in a deeper quiescent state. Our results therefore position STAT1 at the interface of stem cell heterogeneity and the interplay between stem cells and the adaptive immune system, areas of broad interest in the wider stem cell field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Williams
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hyun Jung Park
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hugo P. Bastos
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Prins
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola K. Wilson
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carys Johnson
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kendig Sham
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle Wantoch
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Watcham
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J. Kinston
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dean C. Pask
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tina L. Hamilton
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Sneade
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Amie K. Waller
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Cedric Ghevaert
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - George S. Vassiliou
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa Laurenti
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David G. Kent
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony R. Green
- Wellcome–Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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28
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Rommel MG, Walz L, Fotopoulou F, Kohlscheen S, Schenk F, Miskey C, Botezatu L, Krebs Y, Voelker IM, Wittwer K, Holland-Letz T, Ivics Z, von Messling V, Essers MA, Milsom MD, Pfaller CK, Modlich U. Influenza A virus infection instructs hematopoiesis to megakaryocyte-lineage output. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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29
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Dolejsi T, Delgobo M, Schuetz T, Tortola L, Heinze KG, Hofmann U, Frantz S, Bauer A, Ruschitzka F, Penninger JM, Campos Ramos G, Haubner BJ. Adult T-cells impair neonatal cardiac regeneration. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:2698-2709. [PMID: 35417553 PMCID: PMC9300388 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Newborn mice and humans display transient cardiac regenerative potential that rapidly declines postnatally. Patients who survive a myocardial infarction (MI) often develop chronic heart failure due to the heart's poor regeneration capacity. We hypothesized that the cardiac 'regenerative-to-scarring' transition might be driven by the perinatal shifts observed in the circulating T-cell compartment. METHODS AND RESULTS Post-MI immune responses were characterized in 1- (P1) vs. 7-day-old (P7) mice subjected to left anterior descending artery ligation. Myocardial infarction induced robust early inflammatory responses (36 h post-MI) in both age groups, but neonatal hearts exhibited rapid resolution of inflammation and full functional recovery. The perinatal loss of myocardial regenerative capacity was paralleled by a baseline increase in αβ-T cell (CD4+ and CD8+) numbers. Strikingly, P1-infarcted mice reconstituted with adult T-cells shifted to an adult-like healing phenotype, marked by irreversible cardiac functional impairment and increased fibrosis. Infarcted neonatal mice harbouring adult T-cells also had more monocyte-derived macrophage recruitment, as typically seen in adults. At the transcriptome level, infarcted P1 hearts that received isolated adult T-cells showed enriched gene sets linked to fibrosis, inflammation, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) signalling. In contrast, newborn mice that received isolated Ifng-/- adult T-cells prior to MI displayed a regenerative phenotype that resembled that of its age-matched untreated controls. CONCLUSION Physiological T-cell development or adoptive transfer of adult IFN-γ-producing T-cells into neonates contributed to impaired cardiac regeneration and promoted irreversible structural and functional cardiac damage. These findings reveal a trade-off between myocardial regenerative potential and the development of T-cell competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Dolejsi
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology), Medical University of Innsrbuck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Murilo Delgobo
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schuetz
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology), Medical University of Innsrbuck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Luigi Tortola
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin G Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hofmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Axel Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology), Medical University of Innsrbuck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Dr-Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gustavo Campos Ramos
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard J Haubner
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology), Medical University of Innsrbuck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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30
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Morales-Mantilla DE, King KY. FGD5 marks a subpopulation of HSPCs that resists IFN-γ-mediated differentiation. Exp Hematol 2022; 112-113:35-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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31
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Konturek-Ciesla A, Bryder D. Stem Cells, Hematopoiesis and Lineage Tracing: Transplantation-Centric Views and Beyond. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:903528. [PMID: 35573680 PMCID: PMC9091331 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.903528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An appropriate production of mature blood cells, or hematopoiesis, is essential for organismal health and homeostasis. In this developmental cascade, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) differentiate into intermediate progenitor types, that subsequently give rise to the many distinct blood cell lineages. Here, we describe tools and methods that permit for temporal and native clonal-level HSC lineage tracing in the mouse, and that can now be combined with emerging single-cell molecular analyses. We integrate new insights derived from such experimental paradigms with past knowledge, which has predominantly been derived from transplantation-based approaches. Finally, we outline current knowledge and novel strategies derived from studies aimed to trace human HSC-derived hematopoiesis.
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32
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Barreyro L, Sampson AM, Ishikawa C, Hueneman KM, Choi K, Pujato MA, Chutipongtanate S, Wyder M, Haffey WD, O'Brien E, Wunderlich M, Ramesh V, Kolb EM, Meydan C, Neelamraju Y, Bolanos LC, Christie S, Smith MA, Niederkorn M, Muto T, Kesari S, Garrett-Bakelman FE, Bartholdy B, Will B, Weirauch MT, Mulloy JC, Gul Z, Medlin S, Kovall RA, Melnick AM, Perentesis JP, Greis KD, Nurmemmedov E, Seibel WL, Starczynowski DT. Blocking UBE2N abrogates oncogenic immune signaling in acute myeloid leukemia. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabb7695. [PMID: 35263148 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb7695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of innate immune signaling pathways is implicated in various hematologic malignancies. However, these pathways have not been systematically examined in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We report that AML hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) exhibit a high frequency of dysregulated innate immune-related and inflammatory pathways, referred to as oncogenic immune signaling states. Through gene expression analyses and functional studies in human AML cell lines and patient-derived samples, we found that the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2N is required for leukemic cell function in vitro and in vivo by maintaining oncogenic immune signaling states. It is known that the enzyme function of UBE2N can be inhibited by interfering with thioester formation between ubiquitin and the active site. We performed in silico structure-based and cellular-based screens and identified two related small-molecule inhibitors UC-764864/65 that targeted UBE2N at its active site. Using these small-molecule inhibitors as chemical probes, we further revealed the therapeutic efficacy of interfering with UBE2N function. This resulted in the blocking of ubiquitination of innate immune- and inflammatory-related substrates in human AML cell lines. Inhibition of UBE2N function disrupted oncogenic immune signaling by promoting cell death of leukemic HSPCs while sparing normal HSPCs in vitro. Moreover, baseline oncogenic immune signaling states in leukemic cells derived from discrete subsets of patients with AML exhibited a selective dependency on UBE2N function in vitro and in vivo. Our study reveals that interfering with UBE2N abrogates leukemic HSPC function and underscores the dependency of AML cells on UBE2N-dependent oncogenic immune signaling states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Barreyro
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Avery M Sampson
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chiharu Ishikawa
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kathleen M Hueneman
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kwangmin Choi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mario A Pujato
- Center for Autoimmune Genetics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Michael Wyder
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wendy D Haffey
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eric O'Brien
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mark Wunderlich
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Vighnesh Ramesh
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ellen M Kolb
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Cem Meydan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yaseswini Neelamraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Lyndsey C Bolanos
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Susanne Christie
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Molly A Smith
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Madeline Niederkorn
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tomoya Muto
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Santosh Kesari
- Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence St. John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Francine E Garrett-Bakelman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Boris Bartholdy
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Britta Will
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genetics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Division of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James C Mulloy
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Zartash Gul
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Stephen Medlin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Rhett A Kovall
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ari M Melnick
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John P Perentesis
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kenneth D Greis
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elmar Nurmemmedov
- Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence St. John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - William L Seibel
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Daniel T Starczynowski
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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33
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Persistent Cutaneous Leishmania major Infection Promotes Infection-Adapted Myelopoiesis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030535. [PMID: 35336108 PMCID: PMC8954948 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) are responsible for the generation of most immune cells throughout the lifespan of the organism. Inflammation can activate bone marrow HSPCs, leading to enhanced myelopoiesis to replace cells, such as neutrophils, which are attracted to inflamed tissues. We have previously shown that HSPC activation promotes parasite persistence and expansion in experimental visceral leishmaniasis through the increased production of permissive monocytes. However, it is not clear if the presence of the parasite in the bone marrow was required for infection-adapted myelopoiesis. We therefore hypothesized that persistent forms of Leishmania major (cutaneous leishmaniasis) could also activate HSPCs and myeloid precursors in the C57Bl/6 mouse model of intradermal infection in the ear. The accrued influx of myeloid cells to the lesion site corresponded to an increase in myeloid-biased HSPCs in the bone marrow and spleen in mice infected with a persistent strain of L. major, together with an increase in monocytes and monocyte-derived myeloid cells in the spleen. Analysis of the bone marrow cytokine and chemokine environment revealed an attenuated type I and type II interferon response in the mice infected with the persistent strain compared to the self-healing strain, while both strains induced a rapid upregulation of myelopoietic cytokines, such as IL-1β and GM-CSF. These results demonstrate that an active infection in the bone marrow is not necessary for the induction of infection-adapted myelopoiesis, and underline the importance of considering alterations to the bone marrow output when analyzing in vivo host-pathogen interactions.
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34
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Morales-Mantilla DE, Kain B, Le D, Flores AR, Paust S, King KY. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells improve survival from sepsis by boosting immunomodulatory cells. eLife 2022; 11:74561. [PMID: 35166205 PMCID: PMC8846591 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
New therapeutic strategies to reduce sepsis-related mortality are urgently needed, as sepsis accounts for one in five deaths worldwide. Since hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are responsible for producing blood and immune cells, including in response to immunological stress, we explored their potential for treating sepsis. In a mouse model of Group A Streptococcus (GAS)-induced sepsis, severe immunological stress was associated with significant depletion of bone marrow HSPCs and mortality within approximately 5–7 days. We hypothesized that the inflammatory environment of GAS infection drives rapid HSPC differentiation and depletion that can be rescued by infusion of donor HSPCs. Indeed, infusion of 10,000 naïve HSPCs into GAS-infected mice resulted in rapid myelopoiesis and a 50–60% increase in overall survival. Surprisingly, mice receiving donor HSPCs displayed a similar pathogen load compared to untreated mice. Flow cytometric analysis revealed a significantly increased number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in HSPC-infused mice, which correlated with reduced inflammatory cytokine levels and restored HSPC levels. These findings suggest that HSPCs play an essential immunomodulatory role that may translate into new therapeutic strategies for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Morales-Mantilla
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Bailee Kain
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Duy Le
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Anthony R Flores
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, UTHSC/McGovern Medical School, Houston, United States
| | - Silke Paust
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, La Jolla, United States
| | - Katherine Y King
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
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35
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Otsuka KS, Nielson C, Firpo MA, Park AH, Beaudin AE. Early Life Inflammation and the Developing Hematopoietic and Immune Systems: The Cochlea as a Sensitive Indicator of Disruption. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123596. [PMID: 34944105 PMCID: PMC8700005 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that perinatal infection and inflammation can influence the developing immune system and may ultimately affect long-term health and disease outcomes in offspring by perturbing tissue and immune homeostasis. We posit that perinatal inflammation influences immune outcomes in offspring by perturbing (1) the development and function of fetal-derived immune cells that regulate tissue development and homeostasis, and (2) the establishment and function of developing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that continually generate immune cells across the lifespan. To disentangle the complexities of these interlinked systems, we propose the cochlea as an ideal model tissue to investigate how perinatal infection affects immune, tissue, and stem cell development. The cochlea contains complex tissue architecture and a rich immune milieu that is established during early life. A wide range of congenital infections cause cochlea dysfunction and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), likely attributable to early life inflammation. Furthermore, we show that both immune cells and bone marrow hematopoietic progenitors can be simultaneously analyzed within neonatal cochlear samples. Future work investigating the pathogenesis of SNHL in the context of congenital infection will therefore provide critical information on how perinatal inflammation drives disease susceptibility in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly S. Otsuka
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
| | - Christopher Nielson
- Division of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (C.N.); (A.H.P.)
| | - Matthew A. Firpo
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
| | - Albert H. Park
- Division of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (C.N.); (A.H.P.)
| | - Anna E. Beaudin
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Correspondence:
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36
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Isringhausen S, Mun Y, Kovtonyuk L, Kräutler NJ, Suessbier U, Gomariz A, Spaltro G, Helbling PM, Wong HC, Nagasawa T, Manz MG, Oxenius A, Nombela-Arrieta C. Chronic viral infections persistently alter marrow stroma and impair hematopoietic stem cell fitness. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20192070. [PMID: 34709350 PMCID: PMC8558839 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20192070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic viral infections are associated with hematopoietic suppression, bone marrow (BM) failure, and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) exhaustion. However, how persistent viral challenge and inflammatory responses target BM tissues and perturb hematopoietic competence remains poorly understood. Here, we combine functional analyses with advanced 3D microscopy to demonstrate that chronic infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus leads to (1) long-lasting decimation of the BM stromal network of mesenchymal CXCL12-abundant reticular cells, (2) proinflammatory transcriptional remodeling of remaining components of this key niche subset, and (3) durable functional defects and decreased competitive fitness in HSCs. Mechanistically, BM immunopathology is elicited by virus-specific, activated CD8 T cells, which accumulate in the BM via interferon-dependent mechanisms. Combined antibody-mediated inhibition of type I and II IFN pathways completely preempts degeneration of CARc and protects HSCs from chronic dysfunction. Hence, viral infections and ensuing immune reactions durably impact BM homeostasis by persistently decreasing the competitive fitness of HSCs and disrupting essential stromal-derived, hematopoietic-supporting cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Isringhausen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - YeVin Mun
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Larisa Kovtonyuk
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ute Suessbier
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alvaro Gomariz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gianluca Spaltro
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick M. Helbling
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hui Chyn Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Takashi Nagasawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Markus G. Manz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - César Nombela-Arrieta
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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37
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Differentiation therapy for myeloid malignancies: beyond cytotoxicity. Blood Cancer J 2021; 11:193. [PMID: 34864823 PMCID: PMC8643352 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-021-00584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Blocked cellular differentiation is a central pathologic feature of the myeloid malignancies, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Treatment regimens promoting differentiation have resulted in incredible cure rates in certain AML subtypes, such as acute promyelocytic leukemia. Over the past several years, we have seen many new therapies for MDS/AML enter clinical practice, including epigenetic therapies (e.g., 5-azacitidine), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) inhibitors, fms-like kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitors, and lenalidomide for deletion 5q (del5q) MDS. Despite not being developed with the intent of manipulating differentiation, induction of differentiation is a major mechanism by which several of these novel agents function. In this review, we examine the new therapeutic landscape for these diseases, focusing on the role of hematopoietic differentiation and the impact of inflammation and aging. We review how current therapies in MDS/AML promote differentiation as a part of their therapeutic effect, and the cellular mechanisms by which this occurs. We then outline potential novel avenues to achieve differentiation in the myeloid malignancies for therapeutic purposes. This emerging body of knowledge about the importance of relieving differentiation blockade with anti-neoplastic therapies is important to understand how current novel agents function and may open avenues to developing new treatments that explicitly target cellular differentiation. Moving beyond cytotoxic agents has the potential to open new and unexpected avenues in the treatment of myeloid malignancies, hopefully providing more efficacy with reduced toxicity.
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38
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Mun Y, Fazio S, Arrieta CN. Remodeling of the Bone Marrow Stromal Microenvironment During Pathogenic Infections. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2021; 434:55-81. [PMID: 34850282 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-86016-5_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) is the primary hematopoietic organ and a hub in which organismal demands for blood cellular output are systematically monitored. BM tissues are additionally home to a plethora of mature immune cell types, providing functional environments for the activation of immune responses and acting as preferred anatomical reservoirs for cells involved in immunological memory. Stromal cells of the BM microenvironment crucially govern different aspects of organ function, by structuring tissue microanatomy and by directly providing essential regulatory cues to hematopoietic and immune components in distinct niches. Emerging evidence demonstrates that stromal networks are endowed with remarkable functional and structural plasticity. Stress-induced adaptations of stromal cells translate into demand-driven hematopoiesis. Furthermore, aberrations of stromal integrity arising from pathological conditions critically contribute to the dysregulation of BM function. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the alterations that pathogenic infections and ensuing inflammatory conditions elicit on the global topography of the BM microenvironment, the integrity of anatomical niches and cellular interactions, and ultimately, on the regulatory function of diverse stromal subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- YeVin Mun
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Häldeliweg 4, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Serena Fazio
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Häldeliweg 4, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - César Nombela Arrieta
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Häldeliweg 4, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
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39
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Zeng X, Li X, Shao M, Xu Y, Shan W, Wei C, Li X, Wang L, Hu Y, Zhao Y, Qian P, Huang H. Integrated Single-Cell Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Intrinsic and Extrinsic Biological Characteristics of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Aging. Front Genet 2021; 12:745786. [PMID: 34737765 PMCID: PMC8560737 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.745786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) aging, which is accompanied by loss of self-renewal capacity, myeloid-biased differentiation and increased risks of hematopoietic malignancies, is an important focus in stem cell research. However, the mechanisms underlying HSC aging have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we integrated 3 independent single-cell transcriptome datasets of HSCs together and identified Stat3 and Ifngr1 as two markers of apoptosis-biased and inflammatory aged HSCs. Besides, common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between young and aged HSCs were identified and further validated by quantitative RT-PCR. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were predominantly involved in the cell cycle and the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway. We further found that the Skp2-induced signaling pathway (Skp2→Cip1→CycA/CDK2→DP-1) contributed to a rapid transition through G1 phase in aged HSCs. In addition, analysis of the extrinsic alterations on HSC aging revealed the increased expression levels of inflammatory genes in bone marrow microenvironment. Colony formation unit assays showed that inflammatory cytokines promoted cellular senescence and that blockade of inflammatory pathway markedly rejuvenated aged HSC functions and increased B cell output. Collectively, our study elucidated the biological characteristics of HSC aging, and the genes and pathways we identified could be potential biomarkers and targets for the identification and rejuvenation of aged HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Zeng
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mi Shao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Shan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Wei
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Limengmeng Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongxian Hu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanmin Zhao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China.,Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
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40
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Cinat D, Coppes RP, Barazzuol L. DNA Damage-Induced Inflammatory Microenvironment and Adult Stem Cell Response. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:729136. [PMID: 34692684 PMCID: PMC8531638 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.729136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells ensure tissue homeostasis and regeneration after injury. Due to their longevity and functional requirements, throughout their life stem cells are subject to a significant amount of DNA damage. Genotoxic stress has recently been shown to trigger a cascade of cell- and non-cell autonomous inflammatory signaling pathways, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory factors and an increase in the amount of infiltrating immune cells. In this review, we discuss recent evidence of how DNA damage by affecting the microenvironment of stem cells present in adult tissues and neoplasms can affect their maintenance and long-term function. We first focus on the importance of self-DNA sensing in immunity activation, inflammation and secretion of pro-inflammatory factors mediated by activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, the ZBP1 pathogen sensor, the AIM2 and NLRP3 inflammasomes. Alongside cytosolic DNA, the emerging roles of cytosolic double-stranded RNA and mitochondrial DNA are discussed. The DNA damage response can also initiate mechanisms to limit division of damaged stem/progenitor cells by inducing a permanent state of cell cycle arrest, known as senescence. Persistent DNA damage triggers senescent cells to secrete senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, which can act as strong immune modulators. Altogether these DNA damage-mediated immunomodulatory responses have been shown to affect the homeostasis of tissue-specific stem cells leading to degenerative conditions. Conversely, the release of specific cytokines can also positively impact tissue-specific stem cell plasticity and regeneration in addition to enhancing the activity of cancer stem cells thereby driving tumor progression. Further mechanistic understanding of the DNA damage-induced immunomodulatory response on the stem cell microenvironment might shed light on age-related diseases and cancer, and potentially inform novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cinat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Robert P Coppes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Lara Barazzuol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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41
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Mian SA, Bonnet D. Nature or Nurture? Role of the Bone Marrow Microenvironment in the Genesis and Maintenance of Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4116. [PMID: 34439269 PMCID: PMC8394536 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are clonal haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) disorders driven by a complex combination(s) of changes within the genome that result in heterogeneity in both clinical phenotype and disease outcomes. MDS is among the most common of the haematological cancers and its incidence markedly increases with age. Currently available treatments have limited success, with <5% of patients undergoing allogeneic HSC transplantation, a procedure that offers the only possible cure. Critical contributions of the bone marrow microenvironment to the MDS have recently been investigated. Although the better understanding of the underlying biology, particularly genetics of haematopoietic stem cells, has led to better disease and risk classification; however, the role that the bone marrow microenvironment plays in the development of MDS remains largely unclear. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in understanding the aetiology of MDS, particularly focussing on understanding how HSCs and the surrounding immune/non-immune bone marrow niche interacts together.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK;
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42
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Hormaechea-Agulla D, Matatall KA, Le DT, Kain B, Long X, Kus P, Jaksik R, Challen GA, Kimmel M, King KY. Chronic infection drives Dnmt3a-loss-of-function clonal hematopoiesis via IFNγ signaling. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:1428-1442.e6. [PMID: 33743191 PMCID: PMC8349829 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Age-related clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is a risk factor for malignancy, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. Somatic mutations in DNMT3A are drivers of CH, but decades may elapse between the acquisition of a mutation and CH, suggesting that environmental factors contribute to clonal expansion. We tested whether infection provides selective pressure favoring the expansion of Dnmt3a mutant hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in mouse chimeras. We created Dnmt3a-mosaic mice by transplanting Dnmt3a-/- and WT HSCs into WT mice and observed the substantial expansion of Dnmt3a-/- HSCs during chronic mycobacterial infection. Injection of recombinant IFNγ alone was sufficient to phenocopy CH by Dnmt3a-/- HSCs upon infection. Transcriptional and epigenetic profiling and functional studies indicate reduced differentiation associated with widespread methylation alterations, and reduced secondary stress-induced apoptosis accounts for Dnmt3a-/- clonal expansion during infection. DNMT3A mutant human HSCs similarly exhibit defective IFNγ-induced differentiation. We thus demonstrate that IFNγ signaling induced during chronic infection can drive DNMT3A-loss-of-function CH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hormaechea-Agulla
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Katie A Matatall
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Duy T Le
- Program in Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bailee Kain
- Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaochen Long
- Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pawel Kus
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering and Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Roman Jaksik
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering and Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Grant A Challen
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Marek Kimmel
- Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Systems Biology and Engineering and Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Katherine Y King
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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43
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Caiado F, Pietras EM, Manz MG. Inflammation as a regulator of hematopoietic stem cell function in disease, aging, and clonal selection. J Exp Med 2021; 218:212381. [PMID: 34129016 PMCID: PMC8210622 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an evolutionarily selected defense response to infection or tissue damage that involves activation and consumption of immune cells in order to reestablish and maintain organismal integrity. In this process, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are themselves exposed to inflammatory cues and via proliferation and differentiation, replace mature immune cells in a demand-adapted fashion. Here, we review how major sources of systemic inflammation act on and subsequently shape HSC fate and function. We highlight how lifelong inflammatory exposure contributes to HSC inflamm-aging and selection of premalignant HSC clones. Finally, we explore emerging areas of interest and open questions remaining in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Caiado
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,University of Zürich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eric M Pietras
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Markus G Manz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,University of Zürich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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44
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Collins A, Mitchell CA, Passegué E. Inflammatory signaling regulates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell development and homeostasis. J Exp Med 2021; 218:212383. [PMID: 34129018 PMCID: PMC8210624 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation exerts multiple effects on the early hematopoietic compartment. Best studied is the role of proinflammatory cytokines in activating adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to dynamically replenish myeloid lineage cells in a process known as emergency myelopoiesis. However, it is increasingly appreciated that the same proinflammatory signaling pathways are used in diverse hematopoietic scenarios. This review focuses on inflammatory signaling in the emergence of the definitive hematopoietic compartment during embryonic life, and tonic inflammatory signals derived from commensal microbiota in shaping the adult hematopoietic compartment in the absence of pathogenic insults. Insights into the unique and shared aspects of inflammatory signaling that regulate hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell function across the lifespan and health span of an individual will enable better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to hematopoietic dysregulation and malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Collins
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY.,Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Carl A Mitchell
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY.,Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Emmanuelle Passegué
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY.,Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
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C/EBPβ isoforms sequentially regulate regenerating mouse hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Blood Adv 2021; 4:3343-3356. [PMID: 32717031 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018022913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor CCAAT enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) is required for stress-induced granulopoiesis at the level of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs); however, its role and mechanisms of action in HSPCs are unknown. In this study, we assessed the regulation and functions of C/EBPβ in HSPCs, especially under stress conditions. After 5-fluorouracil treatment or bone marrow transplantation, Cebpb-/- HSPCs exhibited impaired cell-cycle activation and myeloid differentiation at the early and late phases of regeneration, respectively, whereas at steady state, Cebpb deficiency did not affect HSPCs. C/EBPβ was upregulated in response to hematopoietic stress, especially in CD150high long term-hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs). Intracellular flow cytometric analysis that detected distinct domains of C/EBPβ revealed that, among the 3 isoforms of C/EBPβ, liver-enriched inhibitory protein (LIP) was upregulated in LT-HSCs prior to liver-enriched activating protein (LAP)/LAP* during regeneration. Early upregulation of LIP promoted cell-cycle entry of LT-HSCs by positively regulating Myc and expanded the HSPCs pool. Subsequent myeloid differentiation of amplified HSPCs was mediated by LAP/LAP*, which were upregulated at a later phase of regeneration. Collectively, our findings show that stress-induced sequential upregulation of C/EBPβ isoforms is critical for fine-tuning the proliferation and differentiation of regenerating HSPCs.
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Li J, Wang C, Liu J, Yu Y, Liu Y, Peng Q, Liu H, Guan X. A feedback loop: Interactions between Inflammatory Signals and Clonal Hematopoiesis in Cardiovascular Disease. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:3785-3798. [PMID: 33987748 PMCID: PMC8117808 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06370-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Age and inflammation are powerful drivers of cardiovascular disease. With the growing recognition that traditional cardiovascular risk factors are not fully accurate predictors of cardiovascular disease, recent studies have revealed the prevalence of positive selection of somatic cell mutations in hematopoietic stem cells in the elderly population, which can cause clonal hematopoiesis. Interestingly, clonal hematopoiesis is not only associated with cancer and death, but also closely related to the risk of increased cardiovascular disease due to mutations in TET2, DNMT3A, ASXL1, and JAK2. However, the mechanism of the interaction of clonal hematopoiesis and cardiovascular disease is only partially understood. In mice, somatic mutations have led to significantly increased expression of inflammatory genes in innate immune cells, which may explain the relationship between mutations and cardiovascular disease. Here, we further discuss the association between inflammatory signaling, clonal hematopoiesis, and cardiovascular disease,and using two hypotheses to propose a feedback loop between inflammatory signaling and clonal hematopoiesis for getting insight into the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases in depth. Therapies targeting mutant clones or increased inflammatory mediators may be useful for ameliorating the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashan Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Chao Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jiaru Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ying Yu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yuee Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Qi Peng
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xiuru Guan
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
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Prostaglandin E 2 Enhances Aged Hematopoietic Stem Cell Function. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1840-1854. [PMID: 33974233 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10177-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Aging of hematopoiesis is associated with increased frequency and clonality of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), along with functional compromise and myeloid bias, with donor age being a significant variable in survival after HSC transplantation. No clinical methods currently exist to enhance aged HSC function, and little is known regarding how aging affects molecular responses of HSCs to biological stimuli. Exposure of HSCs from young fish, mice, nonhuman primates, and humans to 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (dmPGE2) enhances transplantation, but the effect of dmPGE2 on aged HSCs is unknown. Here we show that ex vivo pulse of bone marrow cells from young adult (3 mo) and aged (25 mo) mice with dmPGE2 prior to serial competitive transplantation significantly enhanced long-term repopulation from aged grafts in primary and secondary transplantation (27 % increase in chimerism) to a similar degree as young grafts (21 % increase in chimerism; both p < 0.05). RNA sequencing of phenotypically-isolated HSCs indicated that the molecular responses to dmPGE2 are similar in young and old, including CREB1 activation and increased cell survival and homeostasis. Common genes within these pathways identified likely key mediators of HSC enhancement by dmPGE2 and age-related signaling differences. HSC expression of the PGE2 receptor EP4, implicated in HSC function, increased with age in both mRNA and surface protein. This work suggests that aging does not alter the major dmPGE2 response pathways in HSCs which mediate enhancement of both young and old HSC function, with significant implications for expanding the therapeutic potential of elderly HSC transplantation.
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Abstract
Children show a higher incidence of leukaemia compared with young adolescents, yet their cells are less damaged because of their young age. Children with Down syndrome (DS) have an even higher risk of developing leukaemia during the first years of life. The presence of a constitutive trisomy of chromosome 21 (T21) in DS acts as a genetic driver for leukaemia development, however, additional oncogenic mutations are required. Therefore, T21 provides the opportunity to better understand leukaemogenesis in children. Here, we describe the increased risk of leukaemia in DS during childhood from a somatic evolutionary view. According to this idea, cancer is caused by a variation in inheritable phenotypes within cell populations that are subjected to selective forces within the tissue context. We propose a model in which the increased risk of leukaemia in DS children derives from higher rates of mutation accumulation, already present during fetal development, which is further enhanced by changes in selection dynamics within the fetal liver niche. This model could possibly be used to understand the rate-limiting steps of leukaemogenesis early in life.
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Chen L, Ozato K. Innate Immune Memory in Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells: Myeloid-Biased Differentiation and the Role of Interferon. Front Immunol 2021; 12:621333. [PMID: 33854500 PMCID: PMC8039377 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.621333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune memory was first described for monocytes and other myeloid cells. This memory is designated Immune Training, in which the host animals that had experienced pathogen infection earlier acquire improved resistance to a second infection. Innate immune memory is mediated by an epigenetic mechanism traced to transcriptional memory that is conserved throughout evolution and has been selected for the ability to mount an adaptive response to shifting environments. Accumulating evidence shows that not only peripheral myeloid cells but hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSCs/HSPCs) can acquire epigenetic memory upon pathogen exposure. Systemic pathogen infection causes HSCs to exit from quiescence and facilitate myeloid-biased differentiation that leads to efficient host defense. This sequence of events is common in HSC memory generation, which is triggered by different stimuli. Recent studies show that not only pathogens but other stimuli such as metabolic stress can generate memory in HSCs. This review summarizes recent publications relevant to HSC memory. We discuss the current understanding of initial sensors, soluble mediators/cytokines involved in memory formation, including Type I and Type II interferons along with future implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Chen
- Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Keiko Ozato
- Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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CCR5 maintains macrophages in the bone marrow and drives hematopoietic failure in a mouse model of severe aplastic anemia. Leukemia 2021; 35:3139-3151. [PMID: 33744909 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01219-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is an acquired, T cell-driven bone marrow (BM) failure disease characterized by elevated interferon gamma (IFNγ), loss of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and altered BM microenvironment, including dysfunctional macrophages (MΦs). T lymphocytes are therapeutic targets for treating SAA, however, the underlying mechanisms driving SAA development and how innate immune cells contribute to disease remain poorly understood. In a murine model of SAA, increased beta-chemokines correlated with disease and were partially dependent on IFNγ. IFNγ was required for increased expression of the chemokine receptor CCR5 on MΦs. CCR5 antagonism in murine SAA improved survival, correlating with increased platelets and significantly increased platelet-biased CD41hi HSCs. T cells are key drivers of disease, however, T cell-specific CCR5 expression and T cell-derived CCL5 were not necessary for disease. CCR5 antagonism reduced BM MΦs and diminished their expression of Tnf and Ccl5, correlating with reduced frequencies of IFNγ-secreting BM T cells. Mechanistically, CCR5 was intrinsically required for maintaining BM MΦs during SAA. Ccr5 expression was significantly increased in MΦs from aged mice and humans, relative to young counterparts. Our data identify CCR5 signaling as a key axis promoting the development of IFNγ-dependent BM failure, particularly relevant in aging where Ccr5 expression is elevated.
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