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Calvo-Pinilla E, Jiménez-Cabello L, Utrilla-Trigo S, Illescas-Amo M, Ortego J. Cytokine mRNA Expression Profile in Target Organs of IFNAR (-/-) Mice Infected with African Horse Sickness Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2065. [PMID: 38396742 PMCID: PMC10888608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
African horse sickness (AHS) is a highly severe disease caused by a viral etiological agent, African horse sickness virus (AHSV). It is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, while sporadic outbreaks have occurred in North Africa, Asia, and Europe, with the most recent cases in Thailand. AHSV transmission between equines occurs primarily by biting midges of the genus Culicoides, especially C. imicola, with a wide distribution globally. As research in horses is highly restricted due to a variety of factors, small laboratory animal models that reproduce clinical signs and pathology observed in natural infection of AHSV are highly needed. Here, we investigated the expression profile of several pro-inflammatory cytokines in target organs and serum of IFNAR (-/-) mice, to continue characterizing this established animal model and to go deep into the innate immune responses that are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Calvo-Pinilla
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28130 Valdeolmos, Spain; (L.J.-C.); (S.U.-T.); (M.I.-A.); (J.O.)
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2
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Liu Z, Cheng R, Liu Y. Evaluation of anifrolumab safety in systemic lupus erythematosus: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:996662. [PMID: 36211347 PMCID: PMC9537685 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.996662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease, and type I interferon plays an important role in its pathogenesis. Anifrolumab is a new strategy for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. It could antagonize the activity of all type 1 interferons by binding with type I interferon receptor subunit 1. The aim of our study was to evaluate the safety of anifrolumab in patients with moderate to severe SLE (excluding patients with active severe lupus nephritis or central nervous system lupus). Methods Four databases (Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, Web of Science) were systematically searched from inception until December 2021 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the safety of anifrolumab versus placebo in SLE patients. Then, the incidence of adverse events in each study was aggregated using meta-analysis. Results A total of 1160 SLE patients from four RCTs were included in the analysis. Serious adverse events were less common in the anifrolumab group than in the placebo group (RR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.59-0.98, p<0.03). The most common adverse events included upper respiratory tract infection (RR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.13-1.94, P=0.004), nasopharyngitis (RR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.25-2.20, P=0.0004), bronchitis (RR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.32-2.92, P=0.0009), and herpes zoster (RR: 3.40, 95% CI: 1.90-6.07, P<0.0001). Conclusion Anifrolumab is considered a well-tolerated option for the treatment of SLE patients with good safety. Systematic Review Registration https://inplasy.com, identifier 202230054.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruijuan Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Liu,
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Hussain T, Domnich M, Bordbari S, Pylaeva E, Siakaeva E, Spyra I, Ozel I, Droege F, Squire A, Lienenklaus S, Sutter K, Hasenberg A, Gunzer M, Lang S, Jablonska J. IFNAR1 Deficiency Impairs Immunostimulatory Properties of Neutrophils in Tumor-Draining Lymph Nodes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:878959. [PMID: 35833131 PMCID: PMC9271705 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.878959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) are the first organs where the metastatic spread of different types of cancer, including head and neck cancer (HNC), occurs and have therefore high prognostic relevance. Moreover, first anti-cancer immune responses have been shown to be initiated in such LNs via tumor-educated myeloid cells. Among myeloid cells present in TDLNs, neutrophils represent a valuable population and considerably participate in the activation of effector lymphocytes there. Tumor-supportive or tumor-inhibiting activity of neutrophils strongly depends on the surrounding microenvironment. Thus, type I interferon (IFN) availability has been shown to prime anti-tumor activity of these cells. In accordance, mice deficient in type I IFNs show elevated tumor growth and metastatic spread, accompanied by the pro-tumoral neutrophil bias. To reveal the mechanism responsible for this phenomenon, we have studied here the influence of defective type I IFN signaling on the immunoregulatory activity of neutrophils in TDLNs. Live imaging of such LNs was performed using two-photon microscopy in a transplantable murine HNC model. CatchupIVM-red and Ifnar1-/- (type I IFN receptor- deficient) CatchupIVM-red mice were used to visualize neutrophils and to assess their interaction with T-cells in vivo. We have evaluated spatiotemporal patterns of neutrophil/T-cell interactions in LNs in the context of type I interferon receptor (IFNAR1) availability in tumor-free and tumor-bearing animals. Moreover, phenotypic and functional analyses were performed to further characterize the mechanisms regulating neutrophil immunoregulatory capacity. We demonstrated that inactive IFNAR1 leads to elevated accumulation of neutrophils in TDLNs. However, these neutrophils show significantly impaired capacity to interact with and to stimulate T-cells. As a result, a significant reduction of contacts between neutrophils and T lymphocytes is observed, with further impairment of T-cell proliferation and activation. This possibly contributes to the enhanced tumor growth in Ifnar1-/- mice. In agreement with this, IFNAR1-independent activation of downstream IFN signaling using IFN-λ improved the immunostimulatory capacity of neutrophils in TDLNs and contributed to the suppression of tumor growth. Our results suggest that functional type I IFN signaling is essential for neutrophil immunostimulatory capacity and that stimulation of this signaling may provide a therapeutic opportunity in head and neck cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon Hussain
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Maksim Domnich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sharareh Bordbari
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Pylaeva
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elena Siakaeva
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ilona Spyra
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Irem Ozel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Freya Droege
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anthony Squire
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan Lienenklaus
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kathrin Sutter
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anja Hasenberg
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Biospectroscopy Research Department, Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften (ISAS) e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stephan Lang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Düsseldorf/Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jadwiga Jablonska
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Düsseldorf/Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Jadwiga Jablonska,
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Li L, Gong Y, Tang J, Yan C, Li L, Peng W, Cheng Z, Yu R, Xiang Q, Deng C, Mu J, Xia J, Luo X, Wu Y, Xiang T. ZBTB28 inhibits breast cancer by activating IFNAR and dual blocking CD24 and CD47 to enhance macrophages phagocytosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:83. [PMID: 35048182 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in female. Until now, advanced breast cancer is still lack effective treatment strategies and reliable prognostic markers. In the present article, we introduced the physiologic and pathologic functions and regulation mechanisms of ZBTB28, a tumor suppressor gene, in breast cancer. ZBTB28 is frequently silenced in breast cancer due to promoter CpG methylation, and its expression is positively correlated with breast cancer patient survival. The antineoplastic effect of ZBTB28 in breast cancer was elucidated through a series of in vitro and in vivo measurements, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), and growth of xenografts. Furthermore, ZBTB28 can directly regulate IFNAR to activate interferon-stimulated genes and potentiate macrophage activation. Ectopic ZBTB28 expression in breast cancer cells was sufficient to downregulate CD24 and CD47 to promote phagocytosis of macrophages, demonstrating that ZBTB28 was beneficial for the combination treatment of anti-CD24 and anti-CD47. Collectively, our results reveal a mode of action of ZBTB28 as a tumor suppressor gene and suggest that ZBTB28 is an important regulator of macrophage phagocytosis in breast cancer, holding promise for the development of novel therapy strategies for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yijia Gong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chun Yan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lili Li
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weiyan Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhaobo Cheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Renjie Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qin Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chaoqun Deng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Junhao Mu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiuyi Xia
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinrong Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yongzhong Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Tingxiu Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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5
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Isringhausen S, Mun Y, Kovtonyuk L, Kräutler NJ, Suessbier U, Gomariz A, Spaltro G, Helbling PM, Wong HC, Nagasawa T, Manz MG, Oxenius A, Nombela-Arrieta C. Chronic viral infections persistently alter marrow stroma and impair hematopoietic stem cell fitness. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20192070. [PMID: 34709350 PMCID: PMC8558839 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20192070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic viral infections are associated with hematopoietic suppression, bone marrow (BM) failure, and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) exhaustion. However, how persistent viral challenge and inflammatory responses target BM tissues and perturb hematopoietic competence remains poorly understood. Here, we combine functional analyses with advanced 3D microscopy to demonstrate that chronic infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus leads to (1) long-lasting decimation of the BM stromal network of mesenchymal CXCL12-abundant reticular cells, (2) proinflammatory transcriptional remodeling of remaining components of this key niche subset, and (3) durable functional defects and decreased competitive fitness in HSCs. Mechanistically, BM immunopathology is elicited by virus-specific, activated CD8 T cells, which accumulate in the BM via interferon-dependent mechanisms. Combined antibody-mediated inhibition of type I and II IFN pathways completely preempts degeneration of CARc and protects HSCs from chronic dysfunction. Hence, viral infections and ensuing immune reactions durably impact BM homeostasis by persistently decreasing the competitive fitness of HSCs and disrupting essential stromal-derived, hematopoietic-supporting cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Isringhausen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - YeVin Mun
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Larisa Kovtonyuk
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ute Suessbier
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alvaro Gomariz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gianluca Spaltro
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick M. Helbling
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hui Chyn Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Takashi Nagasawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Markus G. Manz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - César Nombela-Arrieta
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Azamor T, Cunha DP, da Silva AMV, Bezerra OCDL, Ribeiro-Alves M, Calvo TL, Kehdy FDSG, Manta FDN, Pinto TGDT, Ferreira LP, Portari EA, Guida LDC, Gomes L, Moreira MEL, de Carvalho EF, Cardoso CC, Muller M, Ano Bom APD, Neves PCDC, Vasconcelos Z, Moraes MO. Congenital Zika Syndrome Is Associated With Interferon Alfa Receptor 1. Front Immunol 2021; 12:764746. [PMID: 34899713 PMCID: PMC8657619 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.764746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Host factors that influence Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) outcome remain elusive. Interferons have been reported as the main antiviral factor in Zika and other flavivirus infections. Here, we accessed samples from 153 pregnant women (77 without and 76 with CZS) and 143 newborns (77 without and 66 with CZS) exposed to ZIKV conducted a case-control study to verify whether interferon alfa receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and interferon lambda 2 and 4 (IFNL2/4) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contribute to CZS outcome, and characterized placenta gene expression profile at term. Newborns carrying CG/CC genotypes of rs2257167 in IFNAR1 presented higher risk of developing CZS (OR=3.41; IC=1.35-8.60; Pcorrected=0.032). No association between IFNL SNPs and CZS was observed. Placenta from CZS cases displayed lower levels of IFNL2 and ISG15 along with higher IFIT5. The rs2257167 CG/CC placentas also demonstrated high levels of IFIT5 and inflammation-related genes. We found CZS to be related with exacerbated type I IFN and insufficient type III IFN in placenta at term, forming an unbalanced response modulated by the IFNAR1 rs2257167 genotype. Despite of the low sample size se findings shed light on the host-pathogen interaction focusing on the genetically regulated type I/type III IFN axis that could lead to better management of Zika and other TORCH (Toxoplasma, Others, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes) congenital infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamiris Azamor
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Vice-Diretoria de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniela Prado Cunha
- Unidade de Pesquisa Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andréa Marques Vieira da Silva
- Vice-Diretoria de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST/AIDS, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thyago Leal Calvo
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Elyzabeth Avvad Portari
- Unidade de Pesquisa Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Letícia da Cunha Guida
- Unidade de Pesquisa Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Gomes
- Unidade de Pesquisa Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Elisabeth Lopes Moreira
- Unidade de Pesquisa Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Cynthia Chester Cardoso
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Muller
- Vice-Diretoria de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Dinis Ano Bom
- Vice-Diretoria de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Zilton Vasconcelos
- Unidade de Pesquisa Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milton Ozório Moraes
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Kim H, Subbannayya Y, Humphries F, Skejsol A, Pinto SM, Giambelluca M, Espevik T, Fitzgerald KA, Kandasamy RK. UMP-CMP kinase 2 gene expression in macrophages is dependent on the IRF3-IFNAR signaling axis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258989. [PMID: 34705862 PMCID: PMC8550426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are highly-conserved pattern recognition receptors that mediate innate immune responses to invading pathogens and endogenous danger signals released from damaged and dying cells. Activation of TLRs trigger downstream signaling cascades, that culminate in the activation of interferon regulatory factors (IRFs), which subsequently leads to type I interferon (IFN) response. In the current study, we sought to expand the scope of gene expression changes in THP1-derived macrophages upon TLR4 activation and to identify interferon-stimulated genes. RNA-seq analysis led to the identification of several known and novel differentially expressed genes, including CMPK2, particularly in association with type I IFN signaling. We performed an in-depth characterization of CMPK2 expression, a nucleoside monophosphate kinase that supplies intracellular UTP/CTP for nucleic acid synthesis in response to type I IFN signaling in macrophages. CMPK2 was significantly induced at both RNA and protein levels upon stimulation with TLR4 ligand-LPS and TLR3 ligand-Poly (I:C). Confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionation indicated CMPK2 localization in both cytoplasm and mitochondria of THP-1 macrophages. Furthermore, neutralizing antibody-based inhibition of IFNAR receptor in THP-1 cells and BMDMs derived from IFNAR KO and IRF3 KO knockout mice further revealed that CMPK2 expression is dependent on LPS/Poly (I:C) mediated IRF3- type I interferon signaling. In summary, our findings suggest that CMPK2 is a potential interferon-stimulated gene in THP-1 macrophages and that CMPK2 may facilitate IRF3- type I IFN-dependent anti-bacterial and anti-viral roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hera Kim
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Yashwanth Subbannayya
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Fiachra Humphries
- Program in Innate Immunity, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America
| | - Astrid Skejsol
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sneha M. Pinto
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Miriam Giambelluca
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Terje Espevik
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Katherine A. Fitzgerald
- Program in Innate Immunity, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America
| | - Richard K. Kandasamy
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
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8
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Hayn M, Hirschenberger M, Koepke L, Nchioua R, Straub JH, Klute S, Hunszinger V, Zech F, Prelli Bozzo C, Aftab W, Christensen MH, Conzelmann C, Müller JA, Srinivasachar Badarinarayan S, Stürzel CM, Forne I, Stenger S, Conzelmann KK, Münch J, Schmidt FI, Sauter D, Imhof A, Kirchhoff F, Sparrer KMJ. Systematic functional analysis of SARS-CoV-2 proteins uncovers viral innate immune antagonists and remaining vulnerabilities. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109126. [PMID: 33974846 PMCID: PMC8078906 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) evades most innate immune responses but may still be vulnerable to some. Here, we systematically analyze the impact of SARS-CoV-2 proteins on interferon (IFN) responses and autophagy. We show that SARS-CoV-2 proteins synergize to counteract anti-viral immune responses. For example, Nsp14 targets the type I IFN receptor for lysosomal degradation, ORF3a prevents fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes, and ORF7a interferes with autophagosome acidification. Most activities are evolutionarily conserved. However, SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15 antagonizes IFN signaling less efficiently than the orthologs of closely related RaTG13-CoV and SARS-CoV-1. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 proteins counteract autophagy and type I IFN more efficiently than type II or III IFN signaling, and infection experiments confirm potent inhibition by IFN-γ and -λ1. Our results define the repertoire and selected mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 innate immune antagonists but also reveal vulnerability to type II and III IFN that may help to develop safe and effective anti-viral approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Hayn
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Lennart Koepke
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Rayhane Nchioua
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan Hendrik Straub
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Susanne Klute
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Victoria Hunszinger
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Fabian Zech
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Wasim Aftab
- Biomedical Center, Zentrallabor für Proteinanalytik (Protein Analysis Unit), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Graduate School for Quantitative Biosciences (QBM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Carina Conzelmann
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Smitha Srinivasachar Badarinarayan
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; Institute of Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Ignasi Forne
- Biomedical Center, Zentrallabor für Proteinanalytik (Protein Analysis Unit), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Steffen Stenger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Karl-Klaus Conzelmann
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute of Virology, Medical Faculty, and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Münch
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Florian Ingo Schmidt
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Sauter
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; Institute of Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Axel Imhof
- Biomedical Center, Zentrallabor für Proteinanalytik (Protein Analysis Unit), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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9
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Combes AJ, Courau T, Kuhn NF, Hu KH, Ray A, Chen WS, Chew NW, Cleary SJ, Kushnoor D, Reeder GC, Shen A, Tsui J, Hiam-Galvez KJ, Muñoz-Sandoval P, Zhu WS, Lee DS, Sun Y, You R, Magnen M, Rodriguez L, Im KW, Serwas NK, Leligdowicz A, Zamecnik CR, Loudermilk RP, Wilson MR, Ye CJ, Fragiadakis GK, Looney MR, Chan V, Ward A, Carrillo S, Matthay M, Erle DJ, Woodruff PG, Langelier C, Kangelaris K, Hendrickson CM, Calfee C, Rao AA, Krummel MF. Global absence and targeting of protective immune states in severe COVID-19. Nature 2021; 591:124-130. [PMID: 33494096 PMCID: PMC8567458 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03234-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has pleiotropic and systemic effects in some individuals1-3, many others experience milder symptoms. Here, to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the distinction between severe and mild phenotypes in the pathology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its origins, we performed a whole-blood-preserving single-cell analysis protocol to integrate contributions from all major immune cell types of the blood-including neutrophils, monocytes, platelets, lymphocytes and the contents of the serum. Patients with mild COVID-19 exhibit a coordinated pattern of expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs)3 across every cell population, whereas these ISG-expressing cells are systemically absent in patients with severe disease. Paradoxically, individuals with severe COVID-19 produce very high titres of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and have a lower viral load compared to individuals with mild disease. Examination of the serum from patients with severe COVID-19 shows that these patients uniquely produce antibodies that functionally block the production of the ISG-expressing cells associated with mild disease, by activating conserved signalling circuits that dampen cellular responses to interferons. Overzealous antibody responses pit the immune system against itself in many patients with COVID-19, and perhaps also in individuals with other viral infections. Our findings reveal potential targets for immunotherapies in patients with severe COVID-19 to re-engage viral defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis J Combes
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Tristan Courau
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas F Kuhn
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth H Hu
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Arja Ray
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William S Chen
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nayvin W Chew
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Simon J Cleary
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Divyashree Kushnoor
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gabriella C Reeder
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alan Shen
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Tsui
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kamir J Hiam-Galvez
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Priscila Muñoz-Sandoval
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wandi S Zhu
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David S Lee
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yang Sun
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ran You
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mélia Magnen
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lauren Rodriguez
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - K W Im
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nina K Serwas
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aleksandra Leligdowicz
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Colin R Zamecnik
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rita P Loudermilk
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael R Wilson
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chun J Ye
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gabriela K Fragiadakis
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark R Looney
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vincent Chan
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alyssa Ward
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sidney Carrillo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael Matthay
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David J Erle
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Prescott G Woodruff
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Charles Langelier
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kirsten Kangelaris
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn M Hendrickson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn Calfee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Arjun Arkal Rao
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Matthew F Krummel
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Zanker DJ, Owen KL, Baschuk N, Spurling AJ, Parker BS. Loss of type I IFN responsiveness impairs natural killer cell antitumor activity in breast cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:2125-2138. [PMID: 33449132 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-02857-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Competent type I IFN signaling is the lynchpin of most immune surveillance mechanisms and has recently proven critical to the efficacy of several anticancer agents. Expression of the type I IFN receptor, IFNAR, underpins type I IFN responsiveness in all cells and facilitates the activation and cytotoxic potential of lymphocytes, while loss of IFNAR on lymphocytes has previously been associated with tumor progression and poor patient survival. This study underscores the importance of intact type I IFN signaling to NK cells in the regulation of tumorigenesis and metastasis, whereby ablation of NK cell IFNAR1 impairs antitumor activity and tumor clearance. Using a preclinical model of triple negative breast cancer, we identified that intact IFNAR on NK cells is required for an effective response to type I IFN-inducing immunotherapeutics that may be mediated by pathways associated with NK cell degranulation. Taken together, these data provide a rationale for considering the IFNAR status on NK cells when devising therapeutic strategies aimed at inducing systemic type I IFN signaling in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien J Zanker
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Katie L Owen
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Nikola Baschuk
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Alex J Spurling
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Belinda S Parker
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute from Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
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11
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Lundtoft C, Pucholt P, Imgenberg-Kreuz J, Carlsson-Almlöf J, Eloranta ML, Syvänen AC, Nordmark G, Sandling JK, Kockum I, Olsson T, Rönnblom L, Hagberg N. Function of multiple sclerosis-protective HLA class I alleles revealed by genome-wide protein-quantitative trait loci mapping of interferon signalling. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1009199. [PMID: 33104735 PMCID: PMC7644105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that are central to the host defence against viruses and other microorganisms. If not properly regulated, IFNs may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory autoimmune, or infectious diseases. To identify genetic polymorphisms regulating the IFN system we performed an unbiased genome-wide protein-quantitative trait loci (pQTL) mapping of cell-type specific type I and type II IFN receptor levels and their responses in immune cells from 303 healthy individuals. Seven genome-wide significant (p < 5.0E-8) pQTLs were identified. Two independent SNPs that tagged the multiple sclerosis (MS)-protective HLA class I alleles A*02/A*68 and B*44, respectively, were associated with increased levels of IFNAR2 in B and T cells, with the most prominent effect in IgD–CD27+ memory B cells. The increased IFNAR2 levels in B cells were replicated in cells from an independent set of healthy individuals and in MS patients. Despite increased IFNAR2 levels, B and T cells carrying the MS-protective alleles displayed a reduced response to type I IFN stimulation. Expression and methylation-QTL analysis demonstrated increased mRNA expression of the pseudogene HLA-J in B cells carrying the MS-protective class I alleles, possibly driven via methylation-dependent transcriptional regulation. Together these data suggest that the MS-protective effects of HLA class I alleles are unrelated to their antigen-presenting function, and propose a previously unappreciated function of type I IFN signalling in B and T cells in MS immune-pathogenesis. Genetic association studies have been very successful in identifying disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), but it has been challenging to define the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations. As interferons (IFNs) have a central role in the immune system, we hypothesized that some of the SNPs associated to immune-mediated diseases would affect the IFN system. By combining genetic data with characterization of interferon receptor levels and their responses on the protein level in immune cells from 303 genotyped healthy individuals, we show that two SNPs tagging the HLA class I alleles A*02/A*68 and B*44 are associated with a decreased response to type I IFN stimulation in B cells and T cells. Notably, both HLA-A*02 and HLA-B*44 confer protection from developing multiple sclerosis (MS), which is a chronic inflammatory neurologic disease. In addition to suggesting a pathogenic role of enhanced type I interferon signalling in B cells and T cells in MS, our data emphasize the fact that genetic associations in the HLA locus can affect functions not directly associated to antigen presentation, which conceptually may be important for other diseases genetically associated to the HLA locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lundtoft
- Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pascal Pucholt
- Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Juliana Imgenberg-Kreuz
- Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Carlsson-Almlöf
- Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maija-Leena Eloranta
- Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Syvänen
- Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnel Nordmark
- Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna K. Sandling
- Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Kockum
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Rönnblom
- Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Niklas Hagberg
- Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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12
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Carbaugh DL, Zhou S, Sanders W, Moorman NJ, Swanstrom R, Lazear HM. Two Genetic Differences between Closely Related Zika Virus Strains Determine Pathogenic Outcome in Mice. J Virol 2020; 94:e00618-20. [PMID: 32796074 PMCID: PMC7527068 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00618-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreaks and unexpected clinical manifestations of ZIKV infection have prompted an increase in ZIKV-related research. Here, we identify two strain-specific determinants of ZIKV virulence in mice. We found that strain H/PF/2013 caused 100% lethality in Ifnar1-/- mice, whereas PRVABC59 caused no lethality; both strains caused 100% lethality in Ifnar1-/-Ifngr1-/- double-knockout (DKO) mice. Deep sequencing revealed a high-frequency variant in PRVABC59 not present in H/PF/2013: a G-to-T change at nucleotide 1965 producing a Val-to-Leu substitution at position 330 of the viral envelope (E) protein. We show that the V330 variant is lethal on both virus strain backgrounds, whereas the L330 variant is attenuating only on the PRVABC59 background. These results identify a balanced polymorphism in the E protein that is sufficient to attenuate the PRVABC59 strain but not H/PF/2013. The consensus sequences of H/PF/2013 and PRVABC59 differ by 3 amino acids, but these were not responsible for the difference in virulence between the two strains. H/PF/2013 and PRVABC59 differ by an additional 31 noncoding or silent nucleotide changes. We made a panel of chimeric viruses with identical amino acid sequences but nucleotide sequences derived from H/PF/2013 or PRVABC59. We found that 6 nucleotide differences in the 3' quarter of the H/PF/2013 genome were sufficient to confer virulence in Ifnar1-/- mice. Altogether, our work identifies a large and previously unreported difference in virulence between two commonly used ZIKV strains, in two widely used mouse models of ZIKV pathogenesis (Ifnar1-/- and Ifnar1-/- Ifngr1-/- DKO mice).IMPORTANCE Contemporary ZIKV strains are closely related and often used interchangeably in laboratory research. Here, we identify two strain-specific determinants of ZIKV virulence that are evident in only Ifnar1-/- mice but not Ifnar1-/-Ifngr1-/- DKO mice. These results identify a balanced polymorphism in the E protein that is sufficient to attenuate the PRVABC59 strain but not H/PF/2013. We further identify a second virulence determinant in the H/PF/2013 strain, which is driven by the viral nucleotide sequence but not the amino acid sequence. Altogether, our work identifies a large and previously unreported difference in virulence between two commonly used ZIKV strains, in two widely used mouse models of ZIKV pathogenesis. Our results highlight that even very closely related virus strains can produce significantly different pathogenic phenotypes in common laboratory models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek L Carbaugh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shuntai Zhou
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wes Sanders
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nathaniel J Moorman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ronald Swanstrom
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Helen M Lazear
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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13
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Tang ZZ, Wang TY, Chen YM, Chen TY. Cloning and characterisation of type I interferon receptor 1 in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) for response to nodavirus infection. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 101:302-311. [PMID: 32335315 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Grouper is known as a highly economical teleost species in the Asian aquaculture industry; however, intensive culture activities easily cause disease outbreak, especially viral disease. For the prevention of viral outbreaks, interferon (IFN) is among the major defence systems being studied in different species. Fish type I IFNs are known to possess antiviral properties similar to mammalian type I IFNs. In order to stimulate antiviral function, IFN will bind to its cognate receptor, the type I interferon receptor (IFNAR), composed of heterodimeric receptor subunits known as IFNAR1 and IFNΑR2. The binding of type I interferon to receptors assists in the transduction of signals from the external to internal environments of cells to activate biological responses. In order to study the function of IFN, we first need to understand IFN receptors. In this study, we cloned and identified IFNAR1 in orange-spotted grouper (osgIFNAR1) and noted the up-regulated mRNA expression of the receptor and downstream effectors in the head kidney cells with cytokine treatment. The transcriptional expression of osgIFNAR1, which is characterised using polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C]) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatments, indicated the involvement of osgIFNAR1 in the immune response of grouper. The subcellular localisation of osgIFNAR1 demonstrated scattering across the grouper cell. Viral infection showed the negative feedback regulation of osgIFNAR1 in grouper larvae. Further loss of function of IFNAR1 showed a decreased expression of the virus. This study reported the identification of osgIFNAR1 and characterisation of receptor sensitivity towards immunostimulants, cytokine response, and viral challenge in the interferon pathway of orange-spotted grouper and possible different role of the receptor in viral production. Together, these results provide a frontline report of the potential function of osgIFNAR1 in the innate immunity of teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhuang Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Translational Center for Marine Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Translational Center for Marine Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Young-Mao Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Translational Center for Marine Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Bachelor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Yueh Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Translational Center for Marine Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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14
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Kang W, Park A, Huh JW, You G, Jung DJ, Song M, Lee HK, Kim YM. Flagellin-Stimulated Production of Interferon-β Promotes Anti-Flagellin IgG2c and IgA Responses. Mol Cells 2020; 43:251-263. [PMID: 32131150 PMCID: PMC7103879 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2020.2300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Flagellin, a major structural protein of the flagellum found in all motile bacteria, activates the TLR5- or NLRC4 inflammasomedependent signaling pathway to induce innate immune responses. Flagellin can also serve as a specific antigen for the adaptive immune system and stimulate anti-flagellin antibody responses. Failure to recognize commensal-derived flagellin in TLR5-deficient mice leads to the reduction in antiflagellin IgA antibodies at steady state and causes microbial dysbiosis and mucosal barrier breach by flagellated bacteria to promote chronic intestinal inflammation. Despite the important role of anti-flagellin antibodies in maintaining the intestinal homeostasis, regulatory mechanisms underlying the flagellin-specific antibody responses are not well understood. In this study, we show that flagellin induces interferon-β (IFN-β) production and subsequently activates type I IFN receptor signaling in a TLR5- and MyD88-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo . Internalization of TLR5 from the plasma membrane to the acidic environment of endolysosomes was required for the production of IFN-β, but not for other proinflammatory cytokines. In addition, we found that antiflagellin IgG2c and IgA responses were severely impaired in interferon-alpha receptor 1 (IFNAR1)-deficient mice, suggesting that IFN-β produced by the flagellin stimulation regulates anti-flagellin antibody class switching. Our findings shed a new light on the regulation of flagellin-mediated immune activation and may help find new strategies to promote the intestinal health and develop mucosal vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wondae Kang
- Division of Integrative Biosciences & Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Areum Park
- Division of Integrative Biosciences & Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Huh
- Division of Integrative Biosciences & Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Gihoon You
- Division of Integrative Biosciences & Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Da-Jung Jung
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Manki Song
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - You-Me Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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15
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Chen J, Cao Y, Markelc B, Kaeppler J, Vermeer JA, Muschel RJ. Type I IFN protects cancer cells from CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity after radiation. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:4224-4238. [PMID: 31483286 PMCID: PMC6763250 DOI: 10.1172/jci127458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of tumors with ionizing radiation stimulates an antitumor immune response partly dependent on induction of IFNs. These IFNs directly enhance dendritic cell and CD8+ T cell activity. Here we show that resistance to an effective antitumor immune response is also a result of IFN signaling in a different cellular compartment of the tumor, the cancer cells themselves. We abolished type I IFN signaling in cancer cells by genetic elimination of its receptor, IFNAR1. Pronounced immune responses were provoked after ionizing radiation of tumors from 4 mouse cancer cell lines with Ifnar1 knockout. This enhanced response depended on CD8+ T cells and was mediated by enhanced susceptibility to T cell-mediated killing. Induction of Serpinb9 proved to be the mechanism underlying control of susceptibility to T cell killing after radiation. Ifnar1-deficient tumors had an augmented response to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy with or without radiation. We conclude that type I IFN can protect cancer cells from T cell-mediated cytotoxicity through regulation of Serpinb9. This result helps explain why radiation of tumors can stimulate antitumor immunity yet also result in resistance. It further suggests potential targets for intervention to improve therapy and to predict responses.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/radiation effects
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/radiotherapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/radiation effects
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Humans
- Interferon Type I/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/genetics
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/radiotherapy
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/radiotherapy
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/deficiency
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/immunology
- Serpins/genetics
- Serpins/immunology
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Signal Transduction/radiation effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
- Tumor Microenvironment/radiation effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhou Chen
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yunhong Cao
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Bostjan Markelc
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jakob Kaeppler
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny A.F. Vermeer
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth J. Muschel
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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16
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Bricker TL, Shafiuddin M, Gounder AP, Janowski AB, Zhao G, Williams GD, Jagger BW, Diamond MS, Bailey T, Kwon JH, Wang D, Boon ACM. Therapeutic efficacy of favipiravir against Bourbon virus in mice. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007790. [PMID: 31194854 PMCID: PMC6564012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bourbon virus (BRBV) is an emerging tick-borne RNA virus in the orthomyxoviridae family that was discovered in 2014. Although fatal human cases of BRBV have been described, little is known about its pathogenesis, and no antiviral therapies or vaccines exist. We obtained serum from a fatal case in 2017 and successfully recovered the second human infectious isolate of BRBV. Next-generation sequencing of the St. Louis isolate of BRBV (BRBV-STL) showed >99% nucleotide identity to the original reference isolate. Using BRBV-STL, we developed a small animal model to study BRBV-STL tropism in vivo and evaluated the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of the experimental antiviral drug favipiravir against BRBV-induced disease. Infection of Ifnar1-/- mice lacking the type I interferon receptor, but not congenic wild-type animals, resulted in uniformly fatal disease 6 to 10 days after infection. RNA in situ hybridization and viral yield assays demonstrated a broad tropism of BRBV-STL with highest levels detected in liver and spleen. In vitro replication and polymerase activity of BRBV-STL were inhibited by favipiravir. Moreover, administration of favipiravir as a prophylaxis or as post-exposure therapy three days after infection prevented BRBV-STL-induced mortality in immunocompromised Ifnar1-/- mice. These results suggest that favipiravir may be a candidate treatment for humans who become infected with BRBV. Bourbon virus (BRBV) is a novel tick-borne RNA virus that can cause fatal disease in humans. No approved antiviral treatment is available. We have cultured the second human isolate of BRBV and with it developed a small animal disease model. In this mouse model, BRBV causes severe disease as measured by weight loss after infection and uniform death 6 to 10 days after infection. Virus replication occurred predominantly in the spleen and the liver of the infected animals, with additional organs infected at later time points after infection. This disease model was used to test the efficacy of favipiravir, a viral RNA polymerase inhibitor that was developed for the related Influenza A virus. Prophylactic and therapeutic treatment with favipiravir resulted in complete protection from a lethal BRBV infection. These data suggest that favipiravir and perhaps other RNA polymerase inhibitors could be used to treat BRBV infections in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Traci L. Bricker
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Md. Shafiuddin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Anshu P. Gounder
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Andrew B. Janowski
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Guoyan Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Graham D. Williams
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Brett W. Jagger
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Michael S. Diamond
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Thomas Bailey
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jennie H. Kwon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - David Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Adrianus C. M. Boon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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17
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Yuan H, You J, You H, Zheng C. Herpes Simplex Virus 1 UL36USP Antagonizes Type I Interferon-Mediated Antiviral Innate Immunity. J Virol 2018; 92:e01161-18. [PMID: 29997210 PMCID: PMC6146802 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01161-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs), as major components of the innate immune system, play a vital role in host resistance to a variety of pathogens. Canonical signaling mediated by type I IFNs activates the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway through binding to the IFN-α/β receptor (IFNAR), resulting in transcription of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). However, viruses have evolved multiple strategies to evade this process. Here, we report that herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) ubiquitin-specific protease (UL36USP) abrogates the type I IFN-mediated signaling pathway independent of its deubiquitinase (DUB) activity. In this study, ectopically expressed UL36USP inhibited IFN-β-induced activation of ISRE promoter and transcription of ISGs, and overexpression of UL36USP lacking DUB activity did not influence this effect. Furthermore, UL36USP was demonstrated to antagonize IFN-β-induced activation of JAKs and STATs via specifically binding to the IFNAR2 subunit and blocking the interaction between JAK1 and IFNAR2. More importantly, knockdown of HSV-1 UL36USP restored the formation of JAK1-IFNAR2 complex. These findings underline the roles of UL36USP-IFNAR2 interaction in counteracting the type I IFN-mediated signaling pathway and reveal a novel evasion mechanism of antiviral innate immunity by HSV-1.IMPORTANCE Type I IFNs mediate transcription of numerous antiviral genes, creating a remarkable antiviral state in the host. Viruses have evolved various mechanisms to evade this response. Our results indicated that HSV-1 encodes a ubiquitin-specific protease (UL36USP) as an antagonist to subvert type I IFN-mediated signaling. UL36USP was identified to significantly inhibit IFN-β-induced signaling independent of its deubiquitinase (DUB) activity. The underlying mechanism of UL36USP antagonizing type I IFN-mediated signaling was to specifically bind with IFNAR2 and disassociate JAK1 from IFNAR2. For the first time, we identify UL36USP as a crucial suppressor for HSV-1 to evade type I IFN-mediated signaling. Our findings also provide new insights into the innate immune evasion by HSV-1 and will facilitate our understanding of host-virus interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yuan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Affiliated with Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jia You
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongjuan You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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18
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Hassert M, Wolf KJ, Schwetye KE, DiPaolo RJ, Brien JD, Pinto AK. CD4+T cells mediate protection against Zika associated severe disease in a mouse model of infection. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007237. [PMID: 30212537 PMCID: PMC6136803 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) has gained worldwide attention since it emerged, and a global effort is underway to understand the correlates of protection and develop diagnostics to identify rates of infection. As new therapeutics and vaccine approaches are evaluated in clinical trials, additional effort is focused on identifying the adaptive immune correlates of protection against ZIKV disease. To aid in this endeavor we have begun to dissect the role of CD4+T cells in the protection against neuroinvasive ZIKV disease. We have identified an important role for CD4+T cells in protection, demonstrating that in the absence of CD4+T cells mice have more severe neurological sequela and significant increases in viral titers in the central nervous system (CNS). The transfer of CD4+T cells from ZIKV immune mice protect type I interferon receptor deficient animals from a lethal challenge; showing that the CD4+T cell response is necessary and sufficient for control of ZIKV disease. Using a peptide library spanning the complete ZIKV polyprotein, we identified both ZIKV-encoded CD4+T cell epitopes that initiate immune responses, and ZIKV specific CD4+T cell receptors that recognize these epitopes. Within the ZIKV antigen-specific TCRβ repertoire, we uncovered a high degree of diversity both in response to a single epitope and among different mice responding to a CD4+T cell epitope. Overall this study identifies a novel role for polyfunctional and polyclonal CD4+T cells in providing protection against ZIKV infection and highlights the need for vaccines to develop robust CD4+T cell responses to prevent ZIKV neuroinvasion and limit replication within the CNS.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antigens, Viral/genetics
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Central Nervous System/immunology
- Central Nervous System/virology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Genes, T-Cell Receptor beta
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular
- Liver/immunology
- Liver/virology
- Lymphocyte Depletion
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/deficiency
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/immunology
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
- Virus Replication/immunology
- Zika Virus/genetics
- Zika Virus/immunology
- Zika Virus/pathogenicity
- Zika Virus Infection/genetics
- Zika Virus Infection/immunology
- Zika Virus Infection/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah Hassert
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kyle J. Wolf
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Katherine E. Schwetye
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Richard J. DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - James D. Brien
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Amelia K. Pinto
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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Wu AG, Pruijssers AJ, Brown JJ, Stencel-Baerenwald JE, Sutherland DM, Iskarpatyoti JA, Dermody TS. Age-dependent susceptibility to reovirus encephalitis in mice is influenced by maturation of the type-I interferon response. Pediatr Res 2018; 83:1057-1066. [PMID: 29364865 PMCID: PMC5959747 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2018.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundInfants and young children are particularly susceptible to viral encephalitis; however, the mechanisms are unknown. We determined the age-dependent contribution of innate and adaptive immune functions to reovirus-induced encephalitis in mice.MethodsNewborn wild-type mice, 2-20 days of age, were inoculated with reovirus or diluent and monitored for mortality, weight gain, and viral load. Four- and fifteen-day-old IFNAR-/- and RAG2-/- mice were inoculated with reovirus and similarly monitored.ResultsWeight gain was impaired in mice inoculated with reovirus at 8 days of age or less. Clinical signs of encephalitis were detected in mice inoculated at 10 days of age or less. Mortality decreased when mice were inoculated after 6 days of age. Survival was ≤15% in wild type (WT), RAG2-/-, and IFNAR-/- mice inoculated at 4 days of age. All WT mice, 92% of RAG2-/- mice, and only 48% of IFNAR-/- mice survived following inoculation at 15 days of age.ConclusionsSusceptibility of mice to reovirus-induced disease decreases between 6 and 8 days of age. Enhanced reovirus virulence in IFNAR-/- mice relative to WT and RAG2-/- mice inoculated at 15 days of age suggests that maturation of the type-I interferon response contributes to age-related mortality following reovirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen G. Wu
- Departments of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Departments of Elizabeth B. Lamb Center for Pediatric Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Andrea J. Pruijssers
- Departments of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Departments of Elizabeth B. Lamb Center for Pediatric Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Judy J. Brown
- Departments of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Departments of Elizabeth B. Lamb Center for Pediatric Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Jennifer E. Stencel-Baerenwald
- Departments of Elizabeth B. Lamb Center for Pediatric Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Danica M. Sutherland
- Departments of Elizabeth B. Lamb Center for Pediatric Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Jason A. Iskarpatyoti
- Departments of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Departments of Elizabeth B. Lamb Center for Pediatric Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Terence S. Dermody
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Departments of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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20
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Xia C, Wolf JJ, Vijayan M, Studstill CJ, Ma W, Hahm B. Casein Kinase 1α Mediates the Degradation of Receptors for Type I and Type II Interferons Caused by Hemagglutinin of Influenza A Virus. J Virol 2018; 92:e00006-18. [PMID: 29343571 PMCID: PMC5972889 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00006-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Although influenza A virus (IAV) evades cellular defense systems to effectively propagate in the host, the viral immune-evasive mechanisms are incompletely understood. Our recent data showed that hemagglutinin (HA) of IAV induces degradation of type I IFN receptor 1 (IFNAR1). Here, we demonstrate that IAV HA induces degradation of type II IFN (IFN-γ) receptor 1 (IFNGR1), as well as IFNAR1, via casein kinase 1α (CK1α), resulting in the impairment of cellular responsiveness to both type I and II IFNs. IAV infection or transient HA expression induced degradation of both IFNGR1 and IFNAR1, whereas HA gene-deficient IAV failed to downregulate the receptors. IAV HA caused the phosphorylation and ubiquitination of IFNGR1, leading to the lysosome-dependent degradation of IFNGR1. Influenza viral HA strongly decreased cellular sensitivity to type II IFNs, as it suppressed the activation of STAT1 and the induction of IFN-γ-stimulated genes in response to exogenously supplied recombinant IFN-γ. Importantly, CK1α, but not p38 MAP kinase or protein kinase D2, was proven to be critical for HA-induced degradation of both IFNGR1 and IFNAR1. Pharmacologic inhibition of CK1α or small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based knockdown of CK1α repressed the degradation processes of both IFNGR1 and IFNAR1 triggered by IAV infection. Further, CK1α was shown to be pivotal for proficient replication of IAV. Collectively, the results suggest that IAV HA induces degradation of IFN receptors via CK1α, creating conditions favorable for viral propagation. Therefore, the study uncovers a new immune-evasive pathway of influenza virus.IMPORTANCE Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a grave threat to humans, causing seasonal and pandemic influenza. Upon infection, innate and adaptive immunity, such as the interferon (IFN) response, is induced to protect hosts against IAV infection. However, IAV seems to be equipped with tactics to evade the IFN-mediated antiviral responses, although the detailed mechanisms need to be elucidated. In the present study, we show that IAV HA induces the degradation of the type II IFN receptor IFNGR1 and thereby substantially attenuates cellular responses to IFN-γ. Of note, a cellular kinase, casein kinase 1α (CK1α), is crucial for IAV HA-induced degradation of both IFNGR1 and IFNAR1. Accordingly, CK1α is proven to positively regulate IAV propagation. Thus, this study unveils a novel strategy employed by IAV to evade IFN-mediated antiviral activities. These findings may provide new insights into the interplay between IAV and host immunity to impact influenza virus pathogenicity.
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MESH Headings
- A549 Cells
- Animals
- Casein Kinase I/genetics
- Casein Kinase I/immunology
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Dogs
- HEK293 Cells
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Humans
- Immune Evasion
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza, Human/genetics
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/pathology
- Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
- Protein Kinase D2
- Protein Kinases/genetics
- Protein Kinases/immunology
- Proteolysis
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/immunology
- Receptors, Interferon/genetics
- Receptors, Interferon/immunology
- STAT1 Transcription Factor/genetics
- STAT1 Transcription Factor/immunology
- Vero Cells
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/immunology
- Interferon gamma Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Xia
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Jennifer J Wolf
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Madhuvanthi Vijayan
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Caleb J Studstill
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Bumsuk Hahm
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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21
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Yockey LJ, Jurado KA, Arora N, Millet A, Rakib T, Milano KM, Hastings AK, Fikrig E, Kong Y, Horvath TL, Weatherbee S, Kliman HJ, Coyne CB, Iwasaki A. Type I interferons instigate fetal demise after Zika virus infection. Sci Immunol 2018; 3:eaao1680. [PMID: 29305462 PMCID: PMC6049088 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aao1680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy is associated with adverse fetal outcomes, including microcephaly, growth restriction, and fetal demise. Type I interferons (IFNs) are essential for host resistance against ZIKV, and IFN-α/β receptor (IFNAR)-deficient mice are highly susceptible to ZIKV infection. Severe fetal growth restriction with placental damage and fetal resorption is observed after ZIKV infection of type I IFN receptor knockout (Ifnar1-/-) dams mated with wild-type sires, resulting in fetuses with functional type I IFN signaling. The role of type I IFNs in limiting or mediating ZIKV disease within this congenital infection model remains unknown. In this study, we challenged Ifnar1-/- dams mated with Ifnar1+/- sires with ZIKV. This breeding scheme enabled us to examine pregnant dams that carry a mixture of fetuses that express (Ifnar1+/-) or do not express IFNAR (Ifnar1-/-) within the same uterus. Virus replicated to a higher titer in the placenta of Ifnar1-/- than within the Ifnar1+/- concepti. Yet, rather unexpectedly, we found that only Ifnar1+/- fetuses were resorbed after ZIKV infection during early pregnancy, whereas their Ifnar1-/- littermates continue to develop. Analyses of the fetus and placenta revealed that, after ZIKV infection, IFNAR signaling in the conceptus inhibits development of the placental labyrinth, resulting in abnormal architecture of the maternal-fetal barrier. Exposure of midgestation human chorionic villous explants to type I IFN, but not type III IFNs, altered placental morphology and induced cytoskeletal rearrangements within the villous core. Our results implicate type I IFNs as a possible mediator of pregnancy complications, including spontaneous abortions and growth restriction, in the context of congenital viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Yockey
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kellie A Jurado
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Nitin Arora
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Alon Millet
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Tasfia Rakib
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kristin M Milano
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Andrew K Hastings
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Erol Fikrig
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Yong Kong
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Tamas L Horvath
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Section of Comparative Medicine New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Scott Weatherbee
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Harvey J Kliman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Carolyn B Coyne
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC (University of Pittsburgh Medical Center), Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
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22
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Chang MY, Kang I, Gale M, Manicone AM, Kinsella MG, Braun KR, Wigmosta T, Parks WC, Altemeier WA, Wight TN, Frevert CW. Versican is produced by Trif- and type I interferon-dependent signaling in macrophages and contributes to fine control of innate immunity in lungs. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 313:L1069-L1086. [PMID: 28912382 PMCID: PMC5814701 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00353.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that versican is important in the innate immune response to lung infection. Our goal was to understand the regulation of macrophage-derived versican and the role it plays in innate immunity. We first defined the signaling events that regulate versican expression, using bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from mice lacking specific Toll-like receptors (TLRs), TLR adaptor molecules, or the type I interferon receptor (IFNAR1). We show that LPS and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] trigger a signaling cascade involving TLR3 or TLR4, the Trif adaptor, type I interferons, and IFNAR1, leading to increased expression of versican by macrophages and implicating versican as an interferon-stimulated gene. The signaling events regulating versican are distinct from those for hyaluronan synthase 1 (HAS1) and syndecan-4 in macrophages. HAS1 expression requires TLR2 and MyD88. Syndecan-4 requires TLR2, TLR3, or TLR4 and both MyD88 and Trif. Neither HAS1 nor syndecan-4 is dependent on type I interferons. The importance of macrophage-derived versican in lungs was determined with LysM/Vcan-/- mice. These studies show increased recovery of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of poly(I:C)-treated LysM/Vcan-/- mice compared with control mice. IFN-β and IL-10, two important anti-inflammatory molecules, are significantly decreased in both poly(I:C)-treated BMDMs from LysM/Vcan-/- mice and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from poly(I:C)-treated LysM/Vcan-/- mice compared with control mice. In short, type I interferon signaling regulates versican expression, and versican is necessary for type I interferon production. These findings suggest that macrophage-derived versican is an immunomodulatory molecule with anti-inflammatory properties in acute pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Y Chang
- Comparative Pathology Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Inkyung Kang
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael Gale
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Anne M Manicone
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington; and
| | - Michael G Kinsella
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kathleen R Braun
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
| | - Tara Wigmosta
- Comparative Pathology Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - William C Parks
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington; and
- Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - William A Altemeier
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington; and
| | - Thomas N Wight
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
| | - Charles W Frevert
- Comparative Pathology Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington;
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington; and
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23
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Silginer M, Nagy S, Happold C, Schneider H, Weller M, Roth P. Autocrine activation of the IFN signaling pathway may promote immune escape in glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2017; 19:1338-1349. [PMID: 28475775 PMCID: PMC5596176 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines typically induced upon viral infection but are constitutively expressed also in the absence of acute infection. The physiological role of autocrine and paracrine IFN signaling, however, remains poorly understood, and its function in glioblastoma has not been explored in depth. METHODS Using RNA interference-mediated gene silencing, we characterized constitutive type I IFN signaling and its role in human glioma cells. RESULTS We observed constitutive expression of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (pSTAT1) and myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA), a classical IFN-response marker, in the absence of exogenous IFN-β. In vivo, we found higher MxA expression in gliomas than in normal tissue, suggesting that IFN signaling is constitutively active in these tumors. To demonstrate the presence of an autocrine type I IFN signaling loop in glioma cells in vitro, we first confirmed the expression of the type I alpha/beta receptor (IFNAR)1/2, and its ligands, IFN-α and IFN-β. Small interfering RNA-mediated receptor gene silencing resulted in reduced expression of MxA at mRNA and protein levels, as did gene silencing of the ligands, corroborating the hypothesis of an autocrine signaling loop in which type I IFNs induce intracellular signaling through IFNAR1/2. On a functional level, following IFNAR1 or IFNAR2 gene silencing, we observed reduced programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II expression as well as an enhanced susceptibility to natural killer immune cell lysis, suggesting that autocrine IFN signaling contributes to the immune evasion of glioma cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings point to an important role of constitutive IFN signaling in glioma cells by modulating their interaction with the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Silginer
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Switzerland (M.S., S.N., C.H., H.S., M.W., P.R.)
| | - Sara Nagy
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Switzerland (M.S., S.N., C.H., H.S., M.W., P.R.)
| | - Caroline Happold
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Switzerland (M.S., S.N., C.H., H.S., M.W., P.R.)
| | - Hannah Schneider
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Switzerland (M.S., S.N., C.H., H.S., M.W., P.R.)
| | - Michael Weller
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Switzerland (M.S., S.N., C.H., H.S., M.W., P.R.)
| | - Patrick Roth
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Switzerland (M.S., S.N., C.H., H.S., M.W., P.R.)
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24
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Izuogu AO, McNally KL, Harris SE, Youseff BH, Presloid JB, Burlak C, Munshi-South J, Best SM, Taylor RT. Interferon signaling in Peromyscus leucopus confers a potent and specific restriction to vector-borne flaviviruses. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179781. [PMID: 28650973 PMCID: PMC5484488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tick-borne flaviviruses (TBFVs), including Powassan virus and tick-borne encephalitis virus cause encephalitis or hemorrhagic fevers in humans with case-fatality rates ranging from 1-30%. Despite severe disease in humans, TBFV infection of natural rodent hosts has little noticeable effect. Currently, the basis for resistance to disease is not known. We hypothesize that the coevolution of flaviviruses with their respective hosts has shaped the evolution of potent antiviral factors that suppress virus replication and protect the host from lethal infection. In the current study, we compared virus infection between reservoir host cells and related susceptible species. Infection of primary fibroblasts from the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus, a representative host) with a panel of vector-borne flaviviruses showed up to a 10,000-fold reduction in virus titer compared to control Mus musculus cells. Replication of vesicular stomatitis virus was equivalent in P. leucopus and M. musculus cells suggesting that restriction was flavivirus-specific. Step-wise comparison of the virus infection cycle revealed a significant block to viral RNA replication, but not virus entry, in P. leucopus cells. To understand the role of the type I interferon (IFN) response in virus restriction, we knocked down signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) or the type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1) by RNA interference. Loss of IFNAR1 or STAT1 significantly relieved the block in virus replication in P. leucopus cells. The major IFN antagonist encoded by TBFV, nonstructural protein 5, was functional in P. leucopus cells, thus ruling out ineffective viral antagonism of the host IFN response. Collectively, this work demonstrates that the IFN response of P. leucopus imparts a strong and virus-specific barrier to flavivirus replication. Future identification of the IFN-stimulated genes responsible for virus restriction specifically in P. leucopus will yield mechanistic insight into efficient control of virus replication and may inform the development of antiviral therapeutics.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne/genetics
- Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne/immunology
- Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne/pathogenicity
- Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/genetics
- Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/immunology
- Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/virology
- Host Specificity/genetics
- Host Specificity/immunology
- Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics
- Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology
- Humans
- Interferon Type I/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interferon Type I/immunology
- Mice
- Peromyscus/genetics
- Peromyscus/immunology
- Peromyscus/virology
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Viral/genetics
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/immunology
- STAT1 Transcription Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- STAT1 Transcription Factor/genetics
- STAT1 Transcription Factor/immunology
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Viral Nonstructural Proteins/immunology
- Virus Replication/genetics
- Virus Replication/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Adaeze O. Izuogu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kristin L. McNally
- Innate Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, DIR, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, United States of America
| | - Stephen E. Harris
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Brian H. Youseff
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - John B. Presloid
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Christopher Burlak
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jason Munshi-South
- Louis Calder Center-Biological Field Station, Fordham University, Armonk, New York, United States of America
| | - Sonja M. Best
- Innate Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, DIR, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, United States of America
| | - R. Travis Taylor
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
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25
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Elong Ngono A, Vizcarra EA, Tang WW, Sheets N, Joo Y, Kim K, Gorman MJ, Diamond MS, Shresta S. Mapping and Role of the CD8 + T Cell Response During Primary Zika Virus Infection in Mice. Cell Host Microbe 2017; 21:35-46. [PMID: 28081442 PMCID: PMC5234855 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
CD8+ T cells may play a dual role in protection against and pathogenesis of flaviviruses, including Zika virus (ZIKV). We evaluated the CD8+ T cell response in ZIKV-infected LysMCre+IFNARfl/fl C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice lacking the type I interferon receptor in a subset of myeloid cells. In total, 26 and 15 CD8+ T cell-reactive peptides for ZIKV African (MR766) and Asian (FSS13025) lineage strains, respectively, were identified and validated. CD8+ T cells from infected mice were polyfunctional and mediated cytotoxicity. Adoptive transfer of ZIKV-immune CD8+ T cells reduced viral burdens, whereas their depletion led to higher tissue burdens, and CD8-/- mice displayed higher mortality with ZIKV infection. Collectively, these results demonstrate that CD8+ T cells protect against ZIKV infection. Further, this study provides a T cell competent mouse model for investigating ZIKV-specific T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Elong Ngono
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Edward A Vizcarra
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - William W Tang
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nicholas Sheets
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yunichel Joo
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kenneth Kim
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Matthew J Gorman
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology, Pathology, and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology, Pathology, and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sujan Shresta
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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26
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Cheng L, Ma J, Li J, Li D, Li G, Li F, Zhang Q, Yu H, Yasui F, Ye C, Tsao LC, Hu Z, Su L, Zhang L. Blocking type I interferon signaling enhances T cell recovery and reduces HIV-1 reservoirs. J Clin Invest 2016; 127:269-279. [PMID: 27941247 DOI: 10.1172/jci90745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the efficient suppression of HIV-1 replication that can be achieved with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), low levels of type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling persist in some individuals. This sustained signaling may impede immune recovery and foster viral persistence. Here we report studies using a monoclonal antibody to block IFN-α/β receptor (IFNAR) signaling in humanized mice (hu-mice) that were persistently infected with HIV-1. We discovered that effective cART restored the number of human immune cells in HIV-1-infected hu-mice but did not rescue their immune hyperactivation and dysfunction. IFNAR blockade fully reversed HIV-1-induced immune hyperactivation and rescued anti-HIV-1 immune responses in T cells from HIV-1-infected hu-mice. Finally, we found that IFNAR blockade in the presence of cART reduced the size of HIV-1 reservoirs in lymphoid tissues and delayed HIV-1 rebound after cART cessation in the HIV-1-infected hu-mice. We conclude that low levels of IFN-I signaling contribute to HIV-1-associated immune dysfunction and foster HIV-1 persistence in cART-treated hosts. Our results suggest that blocking IFNAR may provide a potential strategy to enhance immune recovery and reduce HIV-1 reservoirs in individuals with sustained elevations in IFN-I signaling during suppressive cART.
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27
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Sebina I, James KR, Soon MSF, Fogg LG, Best SE, de Labastida Rivera F, Montes de Oca M, Amante FH, Thomas BS, Beattie L, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Smyth MJ, Hertzog PJ, Hill GR, Hutloff A, Engwerda CR, Haque A. IFNAR1-Signalling Obstructs ICOS-mediated Humoral Immunity during Non-lethal Blood-Stage Plasmodium Infection. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005999. [PMID: 27812214 PMCID: PMC5094753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Parasite-specific antibodies protect against blood-stage Plasmodium infection. However, in malaria-endemic regions, it takes many months for naturally-exposed individuals to develop robust humoral immunity. Explanations for this have focused on antigenic variation by Plasmodium, but have considered less whether host production of parasite-specific antibody is sub-optimal. In particular, it is unclear whether host immune factors might limit antibody responses. Here, we explored the effect of Type I Interferon signalling via IFNAR1 on CD4+ T-cell and B-cell responses in two non-lethal murine models of malaria, P. chabaudi chabaudi AS (PcAS) and P. yoelii 17XNL (Py17XNL) infection. Firstly, we demonstrated that CD4+ T-cells and ICOS-signalling were crucial for generating germinal centre (GC) B-cells, plasmablasts and parasite-specific antibodies, and likewise that T follicular helper (Tfh) cell responses relied on B cells. Next, we found that IFNAR1-signalling impeded the resolution of non-lethal blood-stage infection, which was associated with impaired production of parasite-specific IgM and several IgG sub-classes. Consistent with this, GC B-cell formation, Ig-class switching, plasmablast and Tfh differentiation were all impaired by IFNAR1-signalling. IFNAR1-signalling proceeded via conventional dendritic cells, and acted early by limiting activation, proliferation and ICOS expression by CD4+ T-cells, by restricting the localization of activated CD4+ T-cells adjacent to and within B-cell areas of the spleen, and by simultaneously suppressing Th1 and Tfh responses. Finally, IFNAR1-deficiency accelerated humoral immune responses and parasite control by boosting ICOS-signalling. Thus, we provide evidence of a host innate cytokine response that impedes the onset of humoral immunity during experimental malaria. Plasmodium parasites cause malaria by invading, replicating within, and rupturing out of red blood cells. Natural immunity to malaria, which depends on generating Plasmodium-specific antibodies, often takes years to develop. Explanations for this focus on antigenic variation by the parasite, but consider less whether antibody responses themselves may be sub-optimal. Surprisingly little is known about how Plasmodium-specific antibody responses are generated in the host, and whether these can be enhanced. Using mouse models, we found that cytokine-signalling via the receptor IFNAR1 delayed the production of Plasmodium-specific antibody responses. IFNAR1-signalling hindered the resolution of infection, and acted early via conventional dendritic cells to restrict CD4+ T-cell activation and their interactions with B-cells. Thus, we reveal that an innate cytokine response, which occurs during blood-stage Plasmodium infection in humans, obstructs the onset of antibody–mediated immunity during experimental malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Sebina
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- The University of Queensland, School of Medicine PhD Program, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kylie R. James
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- The University of Queensland, School of Medicine PhD Program, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Megan S. F. Soon
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lily G. Fogg
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shannon E. Best
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fabian de Labastida Rivera
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marcela Montes de Oca
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fiona H. Amante
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bryce S. Thomas
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lynette Beattie
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Mark J. Smyth
- Immunity in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul J. Hertzog
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geoffrey R. Hill
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andreas Hutloff
- Chronic Immune Reactions, German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ), a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian R. Engwerda
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ashraful Haque
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
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28
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Hirai-Yuki A, Hensley L, McGivern DR, González-López O, Das A, Feng H, Sun L, Wilson JE, Hu F, Feng Z, Lovell W, Misumi I, Ting JPY, Montgomery S, Cullen J, Whitmire JK, Lemon SM. MAVS-dependent host species range and pathogenicity of human hepatitis A virus. Science 2016; 353:1541-1545. [PMID: 27633528 PMCID: PMC5068972 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf8325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatotropic viruses are important causes of human disease, but the intrahepatic immune response to hepatitis viruses is poorly understood because of a lack of tractable small- animal models. We describe a murine model of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection that recapitulates critical features of type A hepatitis in humans. We demonstrate that the capacity of HAV to evade MAVS-mediated type I interferon responses defines its host species range. HAV-induced liver injury was associated with interferon-independent intrinsic hepatocellular apoptosis and hepatic inflammation that unexpectedly resulted from MAVS and IRF3/7 signaling. This murine model thus reveals a previously undefined link between innate immune responses to virus infection and acute liver injury, providing a new paradigm for viral pathogenesis in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Hirai-Yuki
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - Lucinda Hensley
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - David R McGivern
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - Olga González-López
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - Anshuman Das
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - Hui Feng
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - Lu Sun
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - Justin E Wilson
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - Fengyu Hu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - Zongdi Feng
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - William Lovell
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - Ichiro Misumi
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - Stephanie Montgomery
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - John Cullen
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Jason K Whitmire
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
| | - Stanley M Lemon
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA. Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA.
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Nice TJ, Osborne LC, Tomov VT, Artis D, Wherry EJ, Virgin HW. Type I Interferon Receptor Deficiency in Dendritic Cells Facilitates Systemic Murine Norovirus Persistence Despite Enhanced Adaptive Immunity. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005684. [PMID: 27327515 PMCID: PMC4915689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In order for a virus to persist, there must be a balance between viral replication and immune clearance. It is commonly believed that adaptive immunity drives clearance of viral infections and, thus, dysfunction or viral evasion of adaptive immunity is required for a virus to persist. Type I interferons (IFNs) play pleiotropic roles in the antiviral response, including through innate control of viral replication. Murine norovirus (MNoV) replicates in dendritic cells (DCs) and type I IFN signaling in DCs is important for early control of MNoV replication. We show here that the non-persistent MNoV strain CW3 persists systemically when CD11c positive DCs are unable to respond to type I IFN. Persistence in this setting is associated with increased early viral titers, maintenance of DC numbers, increased expression of DC activation markers and an increase in CD8 T cell and antibody responses. Furthermore, CD8 T cell function is maintained during the persistent phase of infection and adaptive immune cells from persistently infected mice are functional when transferred to Rag1-/- recipients. Finally, increased early replication and persistence are also observed in mixed bone marrow chimeras where only half of the CD11c positive DCs are unable to respond to type I IFN. These findings demonstrate that increased early viral replication due to a cell-intrinsic innate immune deficiency is sufficient for persistence and a functional adaptive immune response is not sufficient for viral clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Nice
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Lisa C. Osborne
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vesselin T. Tomov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - David Artis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - E. John Wherry
- Department of Microbiology, and Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Herbert W. Virgin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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Lamarthée B, Malard F, Gamonet C, Bossard C, Couturier M, Renauld JC, Mohty M, Saas P, Gaugler B. Donor interleukin-22 and host type I interferon signaling pathway participate in intestinal graft-versus-host disease via STAT1 activation and CXCL10. Mucosal Immunol 2016; 9:309-21. [PMID: 26153763 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2015.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) remains a major complication following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, limiting the success of this therapy. We previously reported that interleukin-22 (IL-22) participates to aGVHD development, but the underlying mechanisms of its contribution remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the mechanism of the pathological function of IL-22 in intestinal aGVHD. Ex-vivo colon culture experiments indicated that IL-22 was able to induce Th1-like inflammation via signal transducer and activator of transcription factor-1 (STAT1) and CXCL10 induction in the presence of type I interferon (IFN). To evaluate a potential synergy between IL-22 and type I IFN in aGVHD, we transplanted recipient mice, either wild-type (WT) or type I IFN receptor deficient (IFNAR(-/-)), with bone marrow cells and WT or IL-22 deficient (IL-22(-/-)) T cells. We observed a decreased GVHD severity in IFNAR(-/-) recipient of IL-22(-/-) T cells, which was associated with a lower level of STAT1 activation and reduced CXCL10 expression in the large intestine. Finally, immunohistochemistry staining of STAT1 performed on gastrointestinal biopsies of 20 transplanted patients showed exacerbated STAT1 activation in gastrointestinal tissues of patients with aGVHD as compared with those without aGVHD. Thus, interfering with both IL-22 and type I IFN signaling may provide a novel approach to limit aGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lamarthée
- INSERM UMR1098, Besançon, France
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1098, SFR FED 4234, Besançon, France
- EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1098, Besançon, France
| | - F Malard
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, INSERM UMRs938, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - C Gamonet
- INSERM UMR1098, Besançon, France
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1098, SFR FED 4234, Besançon, France
- EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1098, Besançon, France
| | - C Bossard
- EA4273 Biometadys, Faculté de médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - M Couturier
- INSERM UMR1098, Besançon, France
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1098, SFR FED 4234, Besançon, France
- EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1098, Besançon, France
| | - J-C Renauld
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Experimental Medicine Unit, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Mohty
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, INSERM UMRs938, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - P Saas
- INSERM UMR1098, Besançon, France
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1098, SFR FED 4234, Besançon, France
- EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1098, Besançon, France
| | - B Gaugler
- INSERM UMR1098, Besançon, France
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1098, SFR FED 4234, Besançon, France
- EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1098, Besançon, France
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31
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Deng L, Liang H, Xu M, Yang X, Burnette B, Arina A, Li XD, Mauceri H, Beckett M, Darga T, Huang X, Gajewski TF, Chen ZJ, Fu YX, Weichselbaum RR. STING-Dependent Cytosolic DNA Sensing Promotes Radiation-Induced Type I Interferon-Dependent Antitumor Immunity in Immunogenic Tumors. Immunity 2014; 41:843-52. [PMID: 25517616 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2014.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1331] [Impact Index Per Article: 133.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation-mediated tumor regression depends on type I interferon (IFN) and the adaptive immune response, but several pathways control I IFN induction. Here, we demonstrate that adaptor protein STING, but not MyD88, is required for type I IFN-dependent antitumor effects of radiation. In dendritic cells (DCs), STING was required for IFN-? induction in response to irradiated-tumor cells. The cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) mediated sensing of irradiated-tumor cells in DCs. Moreover, STING was essential for radiation-induced adaptive immune responses, which relied on type I IFN signaling on DCs. Exogenous IFN-? treatment rescued the cross-priming by cGAS or STING-deficient DCs. Accordingly, activation of STING by a second messenger cGAMP administration enhanced antitumor immunity induced by radiation. Thus radiation-mediated antitumor immunity in immunogenic tumors requires a functional cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway and suggests that cGAMP treatment might provide a new strategy to improve radiotherapy.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptive Immunity
- Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/genetics
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Cross-Priming/immunology
- DNA/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Immunity, Innate
- Interferon-beta/biosynthesis
- Interferon-beta/immunology
- Interferon-beta/pharmacology
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/genetics
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Nucleotides, Cyclic/pharmacology
- Nucleotidyltransferases/immunology
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering
- Radiation, Ionizing
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/immunology
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Xanthones/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Liufu Deng
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hua Liang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xuanming Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Byron Burnette
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ainhoa Arina
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Helena Mauceri
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael Beckett
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Thomas Darga
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xiaona Huang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Thomas F Gajewski
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zhijian J Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yang-Xin Fu
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Ralph R Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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32
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Guan J, Miah SMS, Wilson ZS, Erick TK, Banh C, Brossay L. Role of type I interferon receptor signaling on NK cell development and functions. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111302. [PMID: 25333658 PMCID: PMC4205023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN) are unique cytokines transcribed from intronless genes. They have been extensively studied because of their anti-viral functions. The anti-viral effects of type I IFN are mediated in part by natural killer (NK) cells. However, the exact contribution of type I IFN on NK cell development, maturation and activation has been somewhat difficult to assess. In this study, we used a variety of approaches to define the consequences of the lack of type I interferon receptor (IFNAR) signaling on NK cells. Using IFNAR deficient mice, we found that type I IFN affect NK cell development at the pre-pro NK stage. We also found that systemic absence of IFNAR signaling impacts NK cell maturation with a significant increase in the CD27+CD11b+ double positive (DP) compartment in all organs. However, there is tissue specificity, and only in liver and bone marrow is the maturation defect strictly dependent on cell intrinsic IFNAR signaling. Finally, using adoptive transfer and mixed bone marrow approaches, we also show that cell intrinsic IFNAR signaling is not required for NK cell IFN-γ production in the context of MCMV infection. Taken together, our studies provide novel insights on how type I IFN receptor signaling regulates NK cell development and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Guan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - S. M. Shahjahan Miah
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Zachary S. Wilson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Timothy K. Erick
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Cindy Banh
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Laurent Brossay
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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33
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Dai P, Wang W, Cao H, Avogadri F, Dai L, Drexler I, Joyce JA, Li XD, Chen Z, Merghoub T, Shuman S, Deng L. Modified vaccinia virus Ankara triggers type I IFN production in murine conventional dendritic cells via a cGAS/STING-mediated cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1003989. [PMID: 24743339 PMCID: PMC3990710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is an attenuated poxvirus that has been engineered as a vaccine against infectious agents and cancers. Our goal is to understand how MVA modulates innate immunity in dendritic cells (DCs), which can provide insights to vaccine design. In this study, using murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, we assessed type I interferon (IFN) gene induction and protein secretion in response to MVA infection. We report that MVA infection elicits the production of type I IFN in murine conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), but not in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Transcription factors IRF3 (IFN regulatory factor 3) and IRF7, and the positive feedback loop mediated by IFNAR1 (IFN alpha/beta receptor 1), are required for the induction. MVA induction of type I IFN is fully dependent on STING (stimulator of IFN genes) and the newly discovered cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS (cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase). MVA infection of cDCs triggers phosphorylation of TBK1 (Tank-binding kinase 1) and IRF3, which is abolished in the absence of cGAS and STING. Furthermore, intravenous delivery of MVA induces type I IFN in wild-type mice, but not in mice lacking STING or IRF3. Treatment of cDCs with inhibitors of endosomal and lysosomal acidification or the lysosomal enzyme Cathepsin B attenuated MVA-induced type I IFN production, indicating that lysosomal enzymatic processing of virions is important for MVA sensing. Taken together, our results demonstrate a critical role of the cGAS/STING-mediated cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway for type I IFN induction in cDCs by MVA. We present evidence that vaccinia virulence factors E3 and N1 inhibit the activation of IRF3 and the induction of IFNB gene in MVA-infected cDCs. Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is an attenuated vaccinia strain with large deletions of the parental genome that render it non-replicative in mammalian cells. MVA is a safe and effective vaccine against both smallpox and monkeypox. MVA has been investigated as a vaccine vector for infectious diseases and cancers. Dendritic cells (DCs) play important roles in innate and adaptive immunity. A better understanding of how MVA is detected by innate immune sensors in DCs would guide the development of more effective MVA-based vaccines. We report our findings that MVA infection induces the production of type I interferon (IFN) in conventional dendritic cells via a cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway mediated by the newly discovered DNA sensor cGAS, its adaptor STING, and transcription factors IRF3 and IRF7. By contrast, wild-type vaccinia virus fails to activate this pathway. Furthermore, we show that vaccinia virulence factors E3 and N1 play inhibitory roles in the cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Dai
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Weiyi Wang
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Hua Cao
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Francesca Avogadri
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Lianpan Dai
- Institute for Virology, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ingo Drexler
- Institute for Virology, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johanna A. Joyce
- Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zhijian Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Taha Merghoub
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Stewart Shuman
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes, Inflammation and Cancer, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Liang Deng
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes, Inflammation and Cancer, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Montes L, Andrade CMR, Michelin MA, Murta EFC. The importance of alpha/beta (alpha/13) interferon receptors and signaling pathways for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2014; 35:368-372. [PMID: 25118475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunotherapies have been effective in treating various forms of cancer, including cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CINs) predominantly caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). DEVELOPMENT To establish persistent infections in stratified epithelia, HPV induces proliferative lesions. Viral gene products are able to change gene expression and cellular proteins. Interferons (IFNs) are inducible glycoproteins that have immunomodulatory, antiviral, antiproliferative, and antiangiogenic effects. In particular, interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) has been shown to inhibit the development and progression of cervical cancer. In this review, actions of interferons alpha/beta (alpha/beta), including their receptors and signaling pathways, are described, as well as their clinical importance in the immune response against cervical lesions. CONCLUSION The interaction of IFN-alpha/beta with its receptor results in a series of phosphorylation events. These mechanisms can be ineffective in IFN response, then it can also compromise the therapeutic effects of immunotherapy.
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Chang MX, Zou J, Nie P, Huang B, Yu Z, Collet B, Secombes CJ. Intracellular interferons in fish: a unique means to combat viral infection. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003736. [PMID: 24244163 PMCID: PMC3828176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate for the first time in vertebrates, that alternative splicing of interferon (IFN) genes can lead to a functional intracellular IFN (iIFN). Fish IFN genes possess introns and in rainbow trout three alternatively spliced transcripts of the IFN1 gene exist. Two of the encoded IFNs are predicted to lack a signal peptide. When overexpressed these iIFNs induce antiviral responses. Variants of the two IFNR receptor chains (IFNAR1 and IFNAR2) lacking a signal peptide are also present in trout. Transfection of HEK 293T cells with the iIFN and iIFNR molecules results in STAT phosphorylation and induction of antiviral genes. These results show that fish possess a functioning iIFN system that may act as a novel defence to combat viral infection. The type I interferon (IFN) family consists of multiple members which are encoded by intronless genes in reptiles, birds and mammals but intron-containing genes in amphibians and fish. They coordinate antiviral defence by binding to cell surface receptors. Here, we demonstrate for the first time in vertebrates, that intracellular IFNs can be produced from alternatively spliced IFN transcripts and are able to elicit cellular responses through intracellular IFN receptors. This functional intracellular IFN system in fish may play a significant role in activating antiviral pathways in cells infected with virus or in neighbouring cells, and represents a novel defence to combat viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xian Chang
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Pin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Bei Huang
- College of Fisheries, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhanglong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Bertrand Collet
- Marine Scotland Science Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Chris J. Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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36
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Kim D, Niewiesk S. Synergistic induction of interferon α through TLR-3 and TLR-9 agonists identifies CD21 as interferon α receptor for the B cell response. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003233. [PMID: 23516365 PMCID: PMC3597509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal antibodies inhibit seroconversion and the generation of measles virus (MeV)-specific antibodies (both neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies) after vaccination whereas T cell responses are usually unaffected. The lack of seroconversion leaves individuals susceptible to vaccine-preventable infections. Inhibition of antibody secretion is due to the inhibition of B cells through a cross-link of the B cell receptor with the inhibitory FcγIIB receptor (CD32) by maternal antibody/vaccine complexes. Here, we demonstrate that a combination of TLR-3 and TLR-9 agonists induces synergistically higher levels of type I interferon in vitro and in vivo than either agonist alone. The synergistic action of TLR-3 and TLR-9 agonists is based on a feedback loop through the interferon receptor. Finally, we have identified CD21 as a potential receptor for interferon α on B cells which contributes to interferon α-mediated activation of B cells in the presence of maternal antibodies. The combination leads to complete restoration of B cell and antibody responses after immunization in the presence of inhibitory MeV-specific IgG. The strong stimulatory action of type I interferon is due to the fact that type I interferon uses not only the interferon receptor but also CD21 as a functional receptor for B cell activation. Maternal antibodies provide protection against infection with pathogens early in life but also interfere with vaccination. This interference is caused by a vaccine/maternal antibody complex which links the B cell receptor to the inhibitory CD32 molecule. Here, we show that this cross-link results in impaired B cell activation and proliferation which is correlated with diminished antibody responses. We also found that induction of large amounts of type I interferon restores the neutralizing antibody response in the presence of maternal antibodies. The best induction of type I interferon was accomplished by a combination of known activators of interferon secretion (a combination of TLR-3 and TLR-9 agonists). The strong stimulation by interferon is due to the previously unappreciated role of CD21 as functional receptor for interferon alpha. Our findings demonstrate that the dual receptor usage of type I interferon receptor and CD21 is crucial for B cell activation in the presence of maternal antibodies. This study suggests that measles vaccine, and potentially other vaccines, may induce optimal antibody responses when they are reconstituted with TLR-3 and TLR-9 agonists and thus these agonists may have great potential for clinical use.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/biosynthesis
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Female
- Humans
- Immunization
- Immunologic Factors/genetics
- Immunologic Factors/immunology
- Immunologic Factors/metabolism
- Interferon-alpha/genetics
- Interferon-alpha/immunology
- Interferon-alpha/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Measles virus/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/immunology
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/metabolism
- Rabbits
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/immunology
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/metabolism
- Receptors, Complement 3d/genetics
- Receptors, Complement 3d/immunology
- Receptors, Complement 3d/metabolism
- Sequence Deletion
- Sigmodontinae
- Toll-Like Receptor 3/agonists
- Toll-Like Receptor 3/immunology
- Toll-Like Receptor 9/agonists
- Toll-Like Receptor 9/immunology
- Vero Cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhohyung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Stefan Niewiesk
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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37
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Kim CC, Nelson CS, Wilson EB, Hou B, DeFranco AL, DeRisi JL. Splenic red pulp macrophages produce type I interferons as early sentinels of malaria infection but are dispensable for control. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48126. [PMID: 23144737 PMCID: PMC3483282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (T1IFNs) are among the earliest cytokines produced during infections due to their direct regulation by innate immune signaling pathways. Reports have suggested that T1IFNs are produced during malaria infection, but little is known about the in vivo cellular origins of T1IFNs or their role in protection. We have found that in addition to plasmacytoid dendritic cells, splenic red pulp macrophages (RPMs) can generate significant quantities of T1IFNs in response to P. chabaudi infection in a TLR9-, MYD88-, and IRF7-dependent manner. Furthermore, T1IFNs regulate expression of interferon-stimulated genes redundantly with Interferon-gamma (IFNG), resulting in redundancy for resistance to experimental malaria infection. Despite their role in sensing and promoting immune responses to infection, we observe that RPMs are dispensable for control of parasitemia. Our results reveal that RPMs are early sentinels of malaria infection, but that effector mechanisms previously attributed to RPMs are not essential for control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles C Kim
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
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38
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Tian X, Xu F, Lung WY, Meyerson C, Ghaffari AA, Cheng G, Deng JC. Poly I:C enhances susceptibility to secondary pulmonary infections by gram-positive bacteria. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41879. [PMID: 22962579 PMCID: PMC3433467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary bacterial pneumonias are a frequent complication of influenza and other respiratory viral infections, but the mechanisms underlying viral-induced susceptibility to bacterial infections are poorly understood. In particular, it is unclear whether the host's response against the viral infection, independent of the injury caused by the virus, results in impairment of antibacterial host defense. Here, we sought to determine whether the induction of an “antiviral” immune state using various viral recognition receptor ligands was sufficient to result in decreased ability to combat common bacterial pathogens of the lung. Using a mouse model, animals were administered polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) or Toll-like 7 ligand (imiquimod or gardiquimod) intranasally, followed by intratracheal challenge with Streptococcus pneumoniae. We found that animals pre-exposed to poly I:C displayed impaired bacterial clearance and increased mortality. Poly I:C-exposed animals also had decreased ability to clear methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, we showed that activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)3 and Retinoic acid inducible gene (RIG-I)/Cardif pathways, which recognize viral nucleic acids in the form of dsRNA, both contribute to poly I:C mediated impairment of bacterial clearance. Finally, we determined that poly I:C administration resulted in significant induction of type I interferons (IFNs), whereas the elimination of type I IFN signaling improved clearance and survival following secondary bacterial pneumonia. Collectively, these results indicate that in the lung, poly I:C administration is sufficient to impair pulmonary host defense against clinically important gram-positive bacterial pathogens, which appears to be mediated by type I IFNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Tian
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wing Yi Lung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Cherise Meyerson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Amir Ali Ghaffari
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Genhong Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jane C. Deng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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39
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Gibbert K, Joedicke JJ, Meryk A, Trilling M, Francois S, Duppach J, Kraft A, Lang KS, Dittmer U. Interferon-alpha subtype 11 activates NK cells and enables control of retroviral infection. PLoS Pathog 2012; 8:e1002868. [PMID: 22912583 PMCID: PMC3415439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune response mediated by cells such as natural killer (NK) cells is critical for the rapid containment of virus replication and spread during acute infection. Here, we show that subtype 11 of the type I interferon (IFN) family greatly potentiates the antiviral activity of NK cells during retroviral infection. Treatment of mice with IFN-α11 during Friend retrovirus infection (FV) significantly reduced viral loads and resulted in long-term protection from virus-induced leukemia. The effect of IFN-α11 on NK cells was direct and signaled through the type I IFN receptor. Furthermore, IFN-α11-mediated activation of NK cells enabled cytolytic killing of FV-infected target cells via the exocytosis pathway. Depletion and adoptive transfer experiments illustrated that NK cells played a major role in successful IFN-α11 therapy. Additional experiments with Mouse Cytomegalovirus infections demonstrated that the therapeutic effect of IFN-α11 is not restricted to retroviruses. The type I IFN subtypes 2 and 5, which bind the same receptor as IFN-α11, did not elicit similar antiviral effects. These results demonstrate a unique and subtype-specific activation of NK cells by IFN-α11. The innate immune response mediated by cells such as natural killer (NK) cells can contribute to immunity against viral infections. NK cells can kill virus-infected cells and thus inhibit virus replication and spread during acute infection. However, in infections with retroviruses, like HIV, these cells are not sufficient to prevent pathology. Here, we describe a new strategy to augment natural killer cell responses during virus infections by using a subtype of the type I interferon family as antiviral drug. This therapy strongly activated NK cells and enabled them to control retrovirus as well as herpes virus infections in mice. The new approach might have great potential for the treatment of many infectious and tumor diseases in which natural killer cells play a significant role in immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Gibbert
- Institute for Virology of the University Hospital in Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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40
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Fournier P, Arnold A, Wilden H, Schirrmacher V. Newcastle disease virus induces pro-inflammatory conditions and type I interferon for counter-acting Treg activity. Int J Oncol 2012; 40:840-50. [PMID: 22102168 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2011.1265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a negative sense RNA paramyxovirus of birds which in human tumor cells, in contrast to human non-tumor cells, has shown replication competence leading to tumor cell death (i.e., tumor selectivity and viral oncolysis). Our study demonstrates that this virus induces high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the bronchial lavage fluid of mice after nasal application and also in vitro in human dendritic cells (DCs). NDV is known as a very efficient inductor of type I interferon (IFN). The presented data show the key role played by the cell surface receptor to type I IFN (IFNAR) but not by the interferon transcription factors IRF-3 and IRF-7 in the induction of the important pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12 upon transcription of NDV genes in DCs. We show that NDV activates in infected cells the helicase RIG-I. In Tregs, the activation of RIG-I was shown in other studies to inhibit the suppressive function of these cells. We thus conclude that NDV in tumor therapy may help to stimulate T effector cells but also to block Treg cells, thereby alleviating a brake to antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Fournier
- German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Germany
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41
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Xu RH, Rubio D, Roscoe F, Krouse TE, Truckenmiller ME, Norbury CC, Hudson PN, Damon IK, Alcamí A, Sigal LJ. Antibody inhibition of a viral type 1 interferon decoy receptor cures a viral disease by restoring interferon signaling in the liver. PLoS Pathog 2012; 8:e1002475. [PMID: 22241999 PMCID: PMC3252373 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 interferons (T1-IFNs) play a major role in antiviral defense, but when or how they protect during infections that spread through the lympho-hematogenous route is not known. Orthopoxviruses, including those that produce smallpox and mousepox, spread lympho-hematogenously. They also encode a decoy receptor for T1-IFN, the T1-IFN binding protein (T1-IFNbp), which is essential for virulence. We demonstrate that during mousepox, T1-IFNs protect the liver locally rather than systemically, and that the T1-IFNbp attaches to uninfected cells surrounding infected foci in the liver and the spleen to impair their ability to receive T1-IFN signaling, thus facilitating virus spread. Remarkably, this process can be reversed and mousepox cured late in infection by treating with antibodies that block the biological function of the T1-IFNbp. Thus, our findings provide insights on how T1-IFNs function and are evaded during a viral infection in vivo, and unveil a novel mechanism for antibody-mediated antiviral therapy. Type 1 interferons are molecules important in the defense against viruses. Orthopoxviruses encode a Type 1 interferon binding protein that acts as a decoy for the Type 1 interferon receptor. Here we show that during infection with the Orthopoxvirus ectromelia virus, the agent of mousepox, Type 1 interferons protect the liver locally rather than systemically. We also show that the Type 1 interferon binding protein of ectromelia virus attaches to uninfected cells surrounding infected foci in the liver to impair their ability to receive Type 1 interferon signaling and facilitate virus spread and disease progression. We also show that this process can be reversed and mousepox cured late in infection by treating mice with antibodies that block the biological function of the Type 1 interferon binding protein. Because the Type 1 interferon binding proteins of different Orthopoxviruses are very well conserved, the antibodies also block the biological function of the Type 1 interferon binding proteins from variola virus (the virus of smallpox) and monkeypoxvirus. Thus, our findings provide insights on how Type 1 interferons function and are evaded during a viral infection in vivo, and unveil a novel mechanism for antibody-mediated antiviral therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/pharmacology
- Cell Line
- Cricetinae
- Ectromelia virus/immunology
- Ectromelia virus/metabolism
- Ectromelia virus/pathogenicity
- Ectromelia, Infectious/drug therapy
- Ectromelia, Infectious/immunology
- Ectromelia, Infectious/metabolism
- Female
- Liver/immunology
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/virology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, SCID
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/immunology
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/metabolism
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/metabolism
- Spleen/virology
- Variola virus/immunology
- Variola virus/metabolism
- Viral Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Viral Proteins/immunology
- Viral Proteins/metabolism
- Virulence Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Virulence Factors/immunology
- Virulence Factors/metabolism
- Virus Attachment/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Huan Xu
- Immune Cell Development and Host Defense Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Daniel Rubio
- Immune Cell Development and Host Defense Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felicia Roscoe
- Immune Cell Development and Host Defense Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Tracy E. Krouse
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mary Ellen Truckenmiller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Christopher C. Norbury
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Paul N. Hudson
- Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, NCEZID, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Inger K. Damon
- Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, NCEZID, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Antonio Alcamí
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis J. Sigal
- Immune Cell Development and Host Defense Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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42
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Fournier P, Wilden H, Schirrmacher V. Importance of retinoic acid-inducible gene I and of receptor for type I interferon for cellular resistance to infection by Newcastle disease virus. Int J Oncol 2012; 40:287-98. [PMID: 21971670 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2011.1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an avian paramyxovirus with oncolytic properties which shows promising effects in the treatment of cancer. Anti-cancer effects are due to the virus ability: i) to replicate in and kill tumor cells, leading finally to their selective elimination; and ii) to induce the stimulation of antitumor activities in immune cells. NDV does not harm normal cells and has a high safety profile. In this study, we first report a direct correlation between the degree of cell resistance to NDV infection and the cellular expression of the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) which is a cytosolic viral RNA receptor. RIG-I plays an important role in the recognition of and response to infection by RNA viruses. We also demonstrate that impairment of the interferon (IFN) pathway through deletion of the receptor for type I IFN (IFNR1) in primary macrophages leads to NDV replication. In tumor cells, addition of exogenous IFN-α4 is shown to lead to tumor growth reduction and inhibition of viral replication. Finally, increase of the RIG-I concentration of tumor cells via plasmid transfection is shown to be associated with a stronger resistance to NDV infection. These findings shed new light on the crucial role played by the cytosolic receptor RIG-I and the plasma membrane receptor IFNR1 as key molecules to protect cells against infection by NDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Fournier
- German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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43
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Hui KPY, Lee SMY, Cheung CY, Mao H, Lai AKW, Chan RWY, Chan MCW, Tu W, Guan Y, Lau YL, Peiris JSM. H5N1 influenza virus-induced mediators upregulate RIG-I in uninfected cells by paracrine effects contributing to amplified cytokine cascades. J Infect Dis 2011; 204:1866-78. [PMID: 22013225 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jir665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses cause severe disease in humans, and dysregulation of cytokine responses is believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of human H5N1 disease. However, mechanisms leading to the increased induction of proinflammatory cytokines by H5N1 viruses are poorly understood. We show that the innate sensing receptor RIG-I is involved in interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), NF-κB nuclear translocation, p38 activation, and the subsequent interferon (IFN) β, IFN-λ1, and tumor necrosis factor α induction during H5N1 infection. Soluble mediators from H5N1-infected human macrophages upregulate RIG-I, MDA5, and TLR3 to much higher levels than those from seasonal H1N1 in uninfected human macrophages and alveolar epithelial cells via paracrine IFNAR1/JAK but not IFN-λ receptor signaling. Compared with H1N1 virus-induced mediators, H5N1 mediators markedly enhance the cytokine response to PolyIC and to both seasonal and H5N1 virus infection in a RIG-I-dependent manner. Thus, sensitizing neighboring cells by upregulation of RIG-I contributes to the amplified cytokine cascades during H5N1 infection.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/immunology
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytokines/metabolism
- DEAD Box Protein 58
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/genetics
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/immunology
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/immunology
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/metabolism
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Interferon Regulatory Factor-3/metabolism
- Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1
- Janus Kinases/immunology
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Paracrine Communication/immunology
- Pulmonary Alveoli/immunology
- Pulmonary Alveoli/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Viral/metabolism
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic
- Signal Transduction
- Toll-Like Receptor 3/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenrie P Y Hui
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China
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44
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Pinto AK, Daffis S, Brien JD, Gainey MD, Yokoyama WM, Sheehan KCF, Murphy KM, Schreiber RD, Diamond MS. A temporal role of type I interferon signaling in CD8+ T cell maturation during acute West Nile virus infection. PLoS Pathog 2011; 7:e1002407. [PMID: 22144897 PMCID: PMC3228803 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A genetic absence of the common IFN-α/β signaling receptor (IFNAR) in mice is associated with enhanced viral replication and altered adaptive immune responses. However, analysis of IFNAR(-/-) mice is limited for studying the functions of type I IFN at discrete stages of viral infection. To define the temporal functions of type I IFN signaling in the context of infection by West Nile virus (WNV), we treated mice with MAR1-5A3, a neutralizing, non cell-depleting anti-IFNAR antibody. Inhibition of type I IFN signaling at or before day 2 after infection was associated with markedly enhanced viral burden, whereas treatment at day 4 had substantially less effect on WNV dissemination. While antibody treatment prior to infection resulted in massive expansion of virus-specific CD8(+) T cells, blockade of type I IFN signaling starting at day 4 induced dysfunctional CD8(+) T cells with depressed cytokine responses and expression of phenotypic markers suggesting exhaustion. Thus, only the later maturation phase of anti-WNV CD8(+) T cell development requires type I IFN signaling. WNV infection experiments in BATF3(-/-) mice, which lack CD8-α dendritic cells and have impaired priming due to inefficient antigen cross-presentation, revealed a similar effect of blocking IFN signaling on CD8(+) T cell maturation. Collectively, our results suggest that cell non-autonomous type I IFN signaling shapes maturation of antiviral CD8(+) T cell response at a stage distinct from the initial priming event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia K. Pinto
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Stephane Daffis
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - James D. Brien
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Maria D. Gainey
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Wayne M. Yokoyama
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kathleen C. F. Sheehan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kenneth M. Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Robert D. Schreiber
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Michael S. Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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45
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Liu L, Okada S, Kong XF, Kreins AY, Cypowyj S, Abhyankar A, Toubiana J, Itan Y, Audry M, Nitschke P, Masson C, Toth B, Flatot J, Migaud M, Chrabieh M, Kochetkov T, Bolze A, Borghesi A, Toulon A, Hiller J, Eyerich S, Eyerich K, Gulácsy V, Chernyshova L, Chernyshov V, Bondarenko A, María Cortés Grimaldo R, Blancas-Galicia L, Madrigal Beas IM, Roesler J, Magdorf K, Engelhard D, Thumerelle C, Burgel PR, Hoernes M, Drexel B, Seger R, Kusuma T, Jansson AF, Sawalle-Belohradsky J, Belohradsky B, Jouanguy E, Bustamante J, Bué M, Karin N, Wildbaum G, Bodemer C, Lortholary O, Fischer A, Blanche S, Al-Muhsen S, Reichenbach J, Kobayashi M, Rosales FE, Lozano CT, Kilic SS, Oleastro M, Etzioni A, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Renner ED, Abel L, Picard C, Maródi L, Boisson-Dupuis S, Puel A, Casanova JL. Gain-of-function human STAT1 mutations impair IL-17 immunity and underlie chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. J Exp Med 2011; 208:1635-48. [PMID: 21727188 PMCID: PMC3149226 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20110958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 588] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis disease (CMCD) may be caused by autosomal dominant (AD) IL-17F deficiency or autosomal recessive (AR) IL-17RA deficiency. Here, using whole-exome sequencing, we identified heterozygous germline mutations in STAT1 in 47 patients from 20 kindreds with AD CMCD. Previously described heterozygous STAT1 mutant alleles are loss-of-function and cause AD predisposition to mycobacterial disease caused by impaired STAT1-dependent cellular responses to IFN-γ. Other loss-of-function STAT1 alleles cause AR predisposition to intracellular bacterial and viral diseases, caused by impaired STAT1-dependent responses to IFN-α/β, IFN-γ, IFN-λ, and IL-27. In contrast, the 12 AD CMCD-inducing STAT1 mutant alleles described here are gain-of-function and increase STAT1-dependent cellular responses to these cytokines, and to cytokines that predominantly activate STAT3, such as IL-6 and IL-21. All of these mutations affect the coiled-coil domain and impair the nuclear dephosphorylation of activated STAT1, accounting for their gain-of-function and dominance. Stronger cellular responses to the STAT1-dependent IL-17 inhibitors IFN-α/β, IFN-γ, and IL-27, and stronger STAT1 activation in response to the STAT3-dependent IL-17 inducers IL-6 and IL-21, hinder the development of T cells producing IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22. Gain-of-function STAT1 alleles therefore cause AD CMCD by impairing IL-17 immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyan Liu
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Medical School, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980 and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Satoshi Okada
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Xiao-Fei Kong
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Alexandra Y. Kreins
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Sophie Cypowyj
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Avinash Abhyankar
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Julie Toubiana
- Department of Pediatrics, Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Dermatology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, and Center for Immunodeficiency, Necker Hospital, AP-HP, and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yuval Itan
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Magali Audry
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Patrick Nitschke
- Department of Pediatrics, Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Dermatology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, and Center for Immunodeficiency, Necker Hospital, AP-HP, and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Masson
- Department of Pediatrics, Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Dermatology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, and Center for Immunodeficiency, Necker Hospital, AP-HP, and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Beata Toth
- Department of Infectious and Pediatric Immunology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Jérome Flatot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Medical School, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980 and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Migaud
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Medical School, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980 and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Maya Chrabieh
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Medical School, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980 and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Kochetkov
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Alexandre Bolze
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Medical School, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980 and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Alessandro Borghesi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Medical School, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980 and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Antoine Toulon
- Department of Pediatrics, Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Dermatology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, and Center for Immunodeficiency, Necker Hospital, AP-HP, and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Julia Hiller
- Center for Allergy and Environment, Helmholtz Center/TUM, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Eyerich
- Center for Allergy and Environment, Helmholtz Center/TUM, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Center for Allergy and Environment, Helmholtz Center/TUM, 80802 Munich, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Technische Universitat, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Vera Gulácsy
- Department of Infectious and Pediatric Immunology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ludmyla Chernyshova
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Clinical Immunology, National Medical Academy for Post-Graduate Education, 01024 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Viktor Chernyshov
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, National Academy of Medical Sciences, 01024 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Anastasia Bondarenko
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Clinical Immunology, National Medical Academy for Post-Graduate Education, 01024 Kiev, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | - Joachim Roesler
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Klaus Magdorf
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité Medical School of Berlin, 11117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dan Engelhard
- Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah University Hospital, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Caroline Thumerelle
- Pneumology and Allergology Unit, Hospital Jeanne de Flandres, 59037 Lille, France
| | | | - Miriam Hoernes
- Division of Immunology, Hematology, and BMT, Children’s Research Center, Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Drexel
- Division of Immunology, Hematology, and BMT, Children’s Research Center, Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Seger
- Division of Immunology, Hematology, and BMT, Children’s Research Center, Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Theresia Kusuma
- University Children’s Hospital at Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig Maximilian University, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Annette F. Jansson
- University Children’s Hospital at Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig Maximilian University, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Julie Sawalle-Belohradsky
- University Children’s Hospital at Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig Maximilian University, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Belohradsky
- University Children’s Hospital at Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig Maximilian University, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Medical School, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980 and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Medical School, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980 and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Bué
- University Hospital Center of Brest, 29609 Brest, France
| | - Nathan Karin
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, 31096 Haifa, Israel
| | - Gizi Wildbaum
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, 31096 Haifa, Israel
| | - Christine Bodemer
- Department of Infectious and Pediatric Immunology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Olivier Lortholary
- Department of Infectious and Pediatric Immunology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Alain Fischer
- Department of Infectious and Pediatric Immunology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Stéphane Blanche
- Department of Infectious and Pediatric Immunology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Saleh Al-Muhsen
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, 31096 Haifa, Israel
| | - Janine Reichenbach
- Division of Immunology, Hematology, and BMT, Children’s Research Center, Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Masao Kobayashi
- Division of Immunology, Hematology, and BMT, Children’s Research Center, Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Sara Sebnem Kilic
- Department of Pediatrics, Uludag University School of Medicine, 16059 Bursa, Turkey
| | - Matias Oleastro
- National Children’s Hospital Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, 12049 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Amos Etzioni
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, 31096 Haifa, Israel
| | - Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann
- Center for Allergy and Environment, Helmholtz Center/TUM, 80802 Munich, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Technische Universitat, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Ellen D. Renner
- University Children’s Hospital at Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig Maximilian University, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Medical School, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980 and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Capucine Picard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Medical School, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980 and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Dermatology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, and Center for Immunodeficiency, Necker Hospital, AP-HP, and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - László Maródi
- Department of Infectious and Pediatric Immunology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Medical School, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980 and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Medical School, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980 and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Medical School, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U980 and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- Department of Pediatrics, Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Dermatology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, and Center for Immunodeficiency, Necker Hospital, AP-HP, and University Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
- Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461Saudi Arabia
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Pinschewer DD, Flatz L, Steinborn R, Horvath E, Fernandez M, Lutz H, Suter M, Bergthaler A. Innate and adaptive immune control of genetically engineered live-attenuated arenavirus vaccine prototypes. Int Immunol 2010; 22:749-56. [PMID: 20584765 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxq061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Arenaviruses such as Lassa virus (LASV) cause significant morbidity and mortality in endemic areas. Using a glycoprotein (GP) exchange strategy, we have recently developed live-attenuated arenavirus vaccine prototypes (rLCMV/VSVG) based on lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), a close relative of LASV. rLCMV/VSVG induced long-term CD8(+) T cell immunity against wild-type virus challenge and exhibited a stably attenuated phenotype in vivo. Here we elucidated the innate and adaptive immune requirements for the control of rLCMV/VSVG. Infection of RAG(-/-) mice resulted in persisting viral RNA in blood but not in overt viremia. The latter was only found in mice lacking both RAG and IFN type I receptor. Conversely, absence of IFN type II signaling or NK cells on an RAG-deficient background had only minor effects on vaccine virus load or none at all. rLCMV/VSVG infection of wild-type mice induced less type I IFN than did wild-type LCMV, and type I as well as type II IFNs were dispensable for the induction of virus-specific memory CD8 T cells and virus-neutralizing antibodies by rLCMV/VSVG. In conclusion, the adaptive immune systems are essential for elimination of rLCMV/VSVG, and type I but not type II IFN plays a major contributive role in lowering rLCMV/VSVG loads in vivo, attesting to the attenuation profile of the vaccine. Nevertheless, IFNs are not required for the induction of potent vaccine responses. These results provide a better understanding of the immunobiology of rLCMV/VSVG and will contribute to the further development of GP exchange vaccines for combating arenaviral hemorrhagic fevers.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptive Immunity
- Animals
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Genes, RAG-1/genetics
- Immunity, Innate
- Immunologic Memory
- Lassa Fever/immunology
- Lassa Fever/prevention & control
- Lassa virus/immunology
- Lassa virus/pathogenicity
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Organisms, Genetically Modified
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/immunology
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/metabolism
- Receptors, Interferon/genetics
- Receptors, Interferon/immunology
- Receptors, Interferon/metabolism
- Vaccines, Attenuated
- Viral Vaccines
- Interferon gamma Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D Pinschewer
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, WHO Collaborating Center for Neonatal Vaccinology, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Enevold C, Oturai AB, Sørensen PS, Ryder LP, Koch-Henriksen N, Bendtzen K. Polymorphisms of innate pattern recognition receptors, response to interferon-beta and development of neutralizing antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler 2010; 16:942-9. [PMID: 20595247 DOI: 10.1177/1352458510373264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon-beta therapy of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis involves repeated 'immunizations' with exogenous protein solutions. Innate pattern recognition receptors play an important role in immune responses towards foreign substances and may thus be related to treatment outcome. OBJECTIVE To determine the genotypes at 42 single nucleotide polymorphism loci in selected pattern recognition receptors for 567 prospectively followed relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients treated with recombinant interferon-beta, and test for relationships to several outcome parameters, including formation of interferon-beta neutralizing antibodies. RESULTS The results suggest an association between the rs5743810 polymorphism (Ser249Pro) of TLR6 and development of neutralizing antibodies after 24 months of therapy in males (p = 0.00002), but not in females (p = 0.2). This association survived crude Bonferroni correction (p (corrected) = 0.02). Additional associations were observed in carriers of the TLR2-rs5743708 and NOD2-rs3135499 SNPs (time to relapse), the TLR7-rs179008 and NOD1-rs2075820 SNPs (time to disease progression) and the TLR4-rs7873784, TLR9-rs5743836, and NOD2-rs2066842 SNPs (frequency of neutralizing antibodies development). All of these, however, failed to survive correction for multiple testing. There were no significant differences between interferon-beta responders and non-responders for any of the investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS The rs5743810 polymorphism of TLR6 may be involved in development of anti-interferon-beta antibodies in males, although further studies are required to firmly establish this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Enevold
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Faul EJ, Wanjalla CN, Suthar MS, Gale M, Wirblich C, Schnell MJ. Rabies virus infection induces type I interferon production in an IPS-1 dependent manner while dendritic cell activation relies on IFNAR signaling. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1001016. [PMID: 20661430 PMCID: PMC2908622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As with many viruses, rabies virus (RABV) infection induces type I interferon (IFN) production within the infected host cells. However, RABV has evolved mechanisms by which to inhibit IFN production in order to sustain infection. Here we show that RABV infection of dendritic cells (DC) induces potent type I IFN production and DC activation. Although DCs are infected by RABV, the viral replication is highly suppressed in DCs, rendering the infection non-productive. We exploited this finding in bone marrow derived DCs (BMDC) in order to differentiate which pattern recognition receptor(s) (PRR) is responsible for inducing type I IFN following infection with RABV. Our results indicate that BMDC activation and type I IFN production following a RABV infection is independent of TLR signaling. However, IPS-1 is essential for both BMDC activation and IFN production. Interestingly, we see that the BMDC activation is primarily due to signaling through the IFNAR and only marginally induced by the initial infection. To further identify the receptor recognizing RABV infection, we next analyzed BMDC from Mda-5−/− and RIG-I−/− mice. In the absence of either receptor, there is a significant decrease in BMDC activation at 12h post infection. However, only RIG-I−/− cells exhibit a delay in type I IFN production. In order to determine the role that IPS-1 plays in vivo, we infected mice with pathogenic RABV. We see that IPS-1−/− mice are more susceptible to infection than IPS-1+/+ mice and have a significantly increased incident of limb paralysis. Rabies virus (RABV) is a neurotropic RNA virus responsible for the deaths of the at least 40,000 to 70,000 individuals globally each year. However, the innate immune response induced by both wildtype and vaccine strains of RABV is not well understood. In this study, we assessed the pattern recognition receptors involved in the host immune response to RABV in bone marrow derived dendritic cells (DC). Our studies revealed that Toll like receptor (TLR) signaling is not required to induce innate responses to RABV. On the other hand, we see that IPS-1, the adaptor protein for RIG-I like receptor (RLR) signaling, is essential for induction of innate immune responses. Furthermore, we found that RIG-I and Mda-5, both RLRs, are able to induce DC activation and type I interferon production. This finding is significant as we can target unused pattern recognition receptors with recombinant RABV vaccine strains to elicit a varied, and potentially protective, immune response. Lastly, we show that IPS-1 plays an important role in mediating the pathogenicity of RABV and preventing RABV associated paralysis. Overall, this study illustrates that RLRs are essential for recognition of RABV infection and that the subsequent host cell signaling is required to prevent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J. Faul
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Celestine N. Wanjalla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mehul S. Suthar
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Michael Gale
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Christoph Wirblich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Matthias J. Schnell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Jefferson Vaccine Center, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kuang M, Wang S, Wu M, Ning G, Yao Z, Li L. Expression of IFNalpha-inducible genes and modulation of HLA-DR and thyroid stimulating hormone receptors in Graves' disease. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2010; 319:23-9. [PMID: 20015465 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2009.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2009] [Revised: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Interferon alpha (IFNalpha) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of different autoimmune diseases. IFNalpha is widely used for the treatment of chronic viral infections, particularly chronic hepatitis C virus infection; however, several case reports have emerged describing autoimmune conditions, such as Graves' disease (GD), that have developed in the patients receiving IFNalpha. The mechanism by which IFNalpha is involved in GD remains poorly understood. We investigated the expression of IFNalpha and IFNalpha-inducible genes (IFIGs) in GD and found that IFIGs were overexpressed in 60% of 54 clinical diagnostic GD patients. These elevated IFIGs correlated with serological levels of autoantibody to thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR). Recombinant human IFNalpha stimulated primary cultured thyrocytes resulted in not only high level expression of IFIGs, but also, more importantly, expression of MHC-II antigens (HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR5) and TSHR in GD subjects. Furthermore, thyroid gland tissues from GD patients over express HLA-DR, TSHR and IFNalpha receptors at both messenger RNA and protein levels. Taken together, these data indicated that in GD patients, IFNalpha can function on thyroid tissue to induce a number of genes, particularly MHC class II molecules which may enhance autoantigen presentation of TSHR on thyrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Kuang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai JiaoTong University Medical School, Shanghai, China
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50
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Calvo-Pinilla E, Rodríguez-Calvo T, Anguita J, Sevilla N, Ortego J. Establishment of a bluetongue virus infection model in mice that are deficient in the alpha/beta interferon receptor. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5171. [PMID: 19357779 PMCID: PMC2663843 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2008] [Accepted: 03/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bluetongue (BT) is a noncontagious, insect-transmitted disease of ruminants caused by the bluetongue virus (BTV). A laboratory animal model would greatly facilitate the studies of pathogenesis, immune response and vaccination against BTV. Herein, we show that adult mice deficient in type I IFN receptor (IFNAR(−/−)) are highly susceptible to BTV-4 and BTV-8 infection when the virus is administered intravenously. Disease was characterized by ocular discharges and apathy, starting at 48 hours post-infection and quickly leading to animal death within 60 hours of inoculation. Infectious virus was recovered from the spleen, lung, thymus, and lymph nodes indicating a systemic infection. In addition, a lymphoid depletion in spleen, and severe pneumonia were observed in the infected mice. Furthermore, IFNAR(−/−) adult mice immunized with a BTV-4 inactivated vaccine showed the induction of neutralizing antibodies against BTV-4 and complete protection against challenge with a lethal dose of this virus. The data indicate that this mouse model may facilitate the study of BTV pathogenesis, and the development of new effective vaccines for BTV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan Anguita
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Noemí Sevilla
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA-INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Ortego
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA-INIA, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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