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Lee DH, Lee J, Ahn SY, Ho TL, Kim K, Ko EJ. Monophosphoryl lipid A and poly I:C combination enhances immune responses of equine influenza virus vaccine. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2024; 271:110743. [PMID: 38522410 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Equine influenza is a contagious respiratory disease caused by H3N8 type A influenza virus. Vaccination against equine influenza is conducted regularly; however, infection still occurs globally because of the short immunity duration and suboptimal efficacy of current vaccines. Hence the objective of this study was to investigate whether an adjuvant combination can improve immune responses to equine influenza virus (EIV) vaccines. Seventy-two mice were immunized with an EIV vaccine only or with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C), or MPL + Poly I:C. Prime immunization was followed by boost immunization after 2 weeks. Mice were euthanized at 4, 8, and 32 weeks post-prime immunization, respectively. Sera were collected to determine humoral response. Bone marrow, spleen, and lung samples were harvested to determine memory cell responses, antigen-specific T-cell proliferation, and lung viral titers. MPL + Poly I:C resulted in the highest IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a antibodies and hemagglutination inhibition titers among the groups and sustained their levels until 32 weeks post-prime immunization. The combination enhanced memory B cell responses in the bone marrow and spleen. At 8 weeks post-prime immunization, the combination induced higher CD8+ central memory T cell frequencies in the lungs and CD8+ central memory T cells in the spleen. In addition, the combination group exhibited enhanced antigen-specific T cell proliferation, except for CD4+ T cells in the lungs. Our results demonstrated improved immune responses when using MPL + Poly I:C in EIV vaccines by inducing enhanced humoral responses, memory cell responses, and antigen-specific T cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ha Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jueun Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Ahn
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Len Ho
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiyeon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Ko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
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Maleninska K, Janikova M, Radostova D, Vojtechova I, Petrasek T, Kirdajova D, Anderova M, Svoboda J, Stuchlik A. Selective deficits in attentional set-shifting in mice induced by maternal immune activation with poly(I:C). Behav Brain Res 2022; 419:113678. [PMID: 34838932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Maternal immune activation has been identified as a significant risk factor for schizophrenia. Using rodent models, past work has demonstrated various behavioral and brain impairments in offspring after immune-activating events. We applied 5 mg/kg of poly(I:C) on gestation day 9 to pregnant mouse dams, whose offspring were then stressed during puberty. We show impairments in attentional set-shifting in a T-maze, and a decreased number of parvalbumin-positive interneurons in the hippocampus as a result of peripubertal stress specifically in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristyna Maleninska
- Laboratory of the Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Janikova
- Laboratory of the Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic; First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dominika Radostova
- Laboratory of the Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Vojtechova
- Laboratory of the Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic; National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Petrasek
- Laboratory of the Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic; National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Kirdajova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Anderova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Svoboda
- Laboratory of the Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Stuchlik
- Laboratory of the Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic.
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Shen CF, Yen CL, Fu YC, Cheng CM, Shen TC, Chang PD, Cheng KH, Liu CC, Chang YT, Chen PL, Ko WC, Shieh CC. Innate Immune Responses of Vaccinees Determine Early Neutralizing Antibody Production After ChAdOx1nCoV-19 Vaccination. Front Immunol 2022; 13:807454. [PMID: 35145520 PMCID: PMC8822242 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.807454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Innate immunity, armed with pattern recognition receptors including Toll-like receptors (TLR), is critical for immune cell activation and the connection to anti-microbial adaptive immunity. However, information regarding the impact of age on the innate immunity in response to SARS-CoV2 adenovirus vector vaccines and its association with specific immune responses remains scarce. Methods Fifteen subjects between 25-35 years (the young group) and five subjects between 60-70 years (the older adult group) were enrolled before ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccination. We determined activation markers and cytokine production of monocyte, natural killer (NK) cells and B cells ex vivo stimulated with TLR agonist (poly (I:C) for TLR3; LPS for TLR4; imiquimod for TLR7; CpG for TLR9) before vaccination and 3-5 days after each jab with flow cytometry. Anti-SARS-CoV2 neutralization antibody titers (surrogate virus neutralization tests, sVNTs) were measured using serum collected 2 months after the first jab and one month after full vaccination. Results The older adult vaccinees had weaker vaccine-induced sVNTs than young vaccinees after 1st jab (47.2±19.3% vs. 21.2±22.2%, p value<0.05), but this difference became insignificant after the 2nd jab. Imiquimod, LPS and CpG strongly induced CD86 expression in IgD+CD27- naïve and IgD-CD27+ memory B cells in the young group. In contrast, only the IgD+ CD27- naïve B cells responded to these TLR agonists in the older adult group. Imiquimode strongly induced the CD86 expression in CD14+ monocytes in the young group but not in the older adult group. After vaccination, the young group had significantly higher IFN-γ expression in CD3- CD56dim NK cells after the 1st jab, whilst the older adult group had significantly higher IFN-γ and granzyme B expression in CD56bright NK cells after the 2nd jab (all p value <0.05). The IFN-γ expression in CD56dim and CD56bright NK cells after the first vaccination and CD86 expression in CD14+ monocyte and IgD-CD27-double-negative B cells after LPS and imiquimod stimulation correlated with vaccine-induced antibody responses. Conclusions The innate immune responses after the first vaccination correlated with the neutralizing antibody production. Older people may have defective innate immune responses by TLR stimulation and weak or delayed innate immune activation profile after vaccination compared with young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Fen Shen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Yen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Fu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chi Shen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-De Chang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Hsiung Cheng
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chuan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tzu Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chien Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Shieh
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chi-Chang Shieh,
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Rieger NS, Worley NB, Ng AJ, Christianson JP. Insular cortex modulates social avoidance of sick rats. Behav Brain Res 2022; 416:113541. [PMID: 34425184 PMCID: PMC8492531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Avoidance of sick individuals is vital to the preservation of one's health and preventing transmission of communicable diseases. To do this successfully, one must identify social cues for sickness, which include sickness behaviors and chemosignals, and use this information to orchestrate social interactions. While many social species are highly capable with this process, the neural mechanisms that provide for social responses to sick individuals are only partially understood. To this end, we used a task in which experimental rats were allowed to investigate two conspecifics, one healthy and one sick. To imitate sickness, one conspecific received the viral mimic Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) and the other saline. In a 5-minute social preference test, experimental male and female adult rats avoided Poly I:C treated adult conspecifics but did not adjust social interaction in response to Poly I:C treated juvenile conspecifics. Seeking a neural locus of this behavior, we inhibited the insular cortex, a region necessary for social behaviors directed toward conspecifics in distress. Insular cortex inactivation via administration of the GABAA agonist muscimol to experimental rats prior to social preference tests eliminated the preference to avoid sick adult conspecifics. These results suggest that some aspect of conspecific illness may be encoded in the insular cortex which is anatomically positioned to coordinate a situationally appropriate social response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel S Rieger
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467 USA
| | - Nicholas B Worley
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467 USA
| | - Alexandra J Ng
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467 USA
| | - John P Christianson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467 USA.
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Ogura K, Kadota A, Nakayama A, Kanno H, Tahara Y, Nishi A. Maoto, a traditional Japanese medicine, controls acute systemic inflammation induced by polyI:C administration through noradrenergic function. Gene 2022; 806:145921. [PMID: 34454033 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Maoto, a traditional Japanese medicine (Kampo), is widely used to treat upper respiratory tract infections, including influenza virus infection. Although maoto is known to inhibit pro-inflammatory responses in a rodent model of acute inflammation, its underlying mechanism remains to be determined. In this study, we investigated the involvement of immune responses and noradrenergic function in the inhibitory action of maoto. In a mouse model of polyI:C-induced acute inflammation, maoto was administered orally in conjunction with intraperitoneal injection of PolyI:C (6 mg/kg), and blood was collected after 2 h for measurement of plasma cytokines by ELISA. Maoto significantly decreased PolyI:C-induced TNF-α levels and increased IL-10 production. Neither pretreatment with IL-10 neutralizing antibodies nor T-cell deficiency using nude mice modified the inhibitory effect of maoto, indicating that the anti-inflammatory effects of maoto are independent of IL-10 and T cells. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of maoto on PolyI:C-induced TNF-α production were not observed in ex vivo splenocytes, suggesting that maoto does not act directly on inflammatory cells. Lastly, pretreatment with a β-adrenergic receptor antagonist partially cancelled the anti-inflammatory effects of maoto. Collectively, these results suggest that maoto mediates its anti-inflammatory effects via β-adrenergic receptors in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/pharmacology
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Ephedrine/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Inflammation/prevention & control
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Interleukin-10/agonists
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Interleukin-10/immunology
- Japan
- Male
- Medicine, Kampo/methods
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Poly I-C/administration & dosage
- Poly I-C/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Ogura
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Ayumi Kadota
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akiko Nakayama
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kanno
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshio Tahara
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akinori Nishi
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
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Yildirim M, Yildirim TC, Turay N, Bildik T, Ibibik B, Evcili I, Ersan PG, Tokat UM, Sahin O, Gursel I. TLR ligand loaded exosome mediated immunotherapy of established mammary Tumor in mice. Immunol Lett 2021; 239:32-41. [PMID: 34418488 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) could be harnessed as an immunotherapeutic cancer vaccine. These nanovesicles are inherently possesses rich tumor antigen reservoirs. Due to their undesirable features such as poor or limited immunogenicity as well as facilitation of cancer development via mediating communication between tumor cells TEXs could be transformed into an effective immune adjuvant delivery system that initiates a strong humoral and cell-mediated tumor-specific immune response. Engineering TEXs to harbor immunostimulatory molecules still remains a challenge. Previously, we demonstrated that nucleic acid ligand encapsulated liposomes could trigger synergistic strong humoral, and cell mediated immune responses and provokes tumor regression to that of their standalone counterparts. In this study, we evaluated to immunogenicity of 4T1/Her2 cell-derived exosomes upon loading them with two potent immuno adjuvant, a TLR9 ligand, K-type CpG ODN and a TLR3 ligand, p(I:C). Engineered TEXs co-encapsulating both ligands displayed boosted immunostimulatory properties by activating antigen-specific primary and memory T cell responses. Furthermore, our exosome-based vaccine candidate elicited robust Th1-biased immunity as evidenced by elevated secretion of IgG2a and IFNγ. In a therapeutic cancer model, administration of4T1 tumor derived exosomes loaded with CpG ODN and p(I:C) to animals regress tumor growth in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. Taken together this work implicated that an exosome-based therapeutic vaccine promoted strong cellular and humoral anti-tumor immunity that is sufficient to reverse established tumors. This approach offers a personalized tumor therapy strategy that could be implemented in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzaffer Yildirim
- Thorlab, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Bilkent, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tugce Canavar Yildirim
- Thorlab, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Bilkent, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilsu Turay
- Thorlab, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Bilkent, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tugce Bildik
- Thorlab, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Bilkent, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bilgehan Ibibik
- Thorlab, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Bilkent, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Irem Evcili
- Thorlab, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Bilkent, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pelin Gulizar Ersan
- Thorlab, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Bilkent, 06800, Ankara, Turkey; Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences (DDBS), College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208,Columbia
| | - Unal M Tokat
- Thorlab, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Bilkent, 06800, Ankara, Turkey; Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences (DDBS), College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208,Columbia
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences (DDBS), College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208,Columbia
| | - Ihsan Gursel
- Thorlab, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Bilkent, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
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Indo Y, Kitahara S, Tomokiyo M, Araki S, Islam MA, Zhou B, Albarracin L, Miyazaki A, Ikeda-Ohtsubo W, Nochi T, Takenouchi T, Uenishi H, Aso H, Takahashi H, Kurata S, Villena J, Kitazawa H. Ligilactobacillus salivarius Strains Isolated From the Porcine Gut Modulate Innate Immune Responses in Epithelial Cells and Improve Protection Against Intestinal Viral-Bacterial Superinfection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:652923. [PMID: 34163470 PMCID: PMC8215365 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.652923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we constructed a library of Ligilactobacillus salivarius strains from the intestine of wakame-fed pigs and reported a strain-dependent capacity to modulate IFN-β expression in porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells. In this work, we further characterized the immunomodulatory activities of L. salivarius strains from wakame-fed pigs by evaluating their ability to modulate TLR3- and TLR4-mediated innate immune responses in PIE cells. Two strains with a remarkable immunomodulatory potential were selected: L. salivarius FFIG35 and FFIG58. Both strains improved IFN-β, IFN-λ and antiviral factors expression in PIE cells after TLR3 activation, which correlated with an enhanced resistance to rotavirus infection. Moreover, a model of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)/rotavirus superinfection in PIE cells was developed. Cells were more susceptible to rotavirus infection when the challenge occurred in conjunction with ETEC compared to the virus alone. However, L. salivarius FFIG35 and FFIG58 maintained their ability to enhance IFN-β, IFN-λ and antiviral factors expression in PIE cells, and to reduce rotavirus replication in the context of superinfection. We also demonstrated that FFIG35 and FFIG58 strains regulated the immune response of PIE cells to rotavirus challenge or ETEC/rotavirus superinfection through the modulation of negative regulators of the TLR signaling pathway. In vivo studies performed in mice models confirmed the ability of L. salivarius FFIG58 to beneficially modulate the innate immune response and protect against ETEC infection. The results of this work contribute to the understanding of beneficial lactobacilli interactions with epithelial cells and allow us to hypothesize that the FFIG35 or FFIG58 strains could be used for the development of highly efficient functional feed to improve immune health status and reduce the severity of intestinal infections and superinfections in weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhki Indo
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shugo Kitahara
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mikado Tomokiyo
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shota Araki
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Md. Aminul Islam
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Binghui Zhou
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Leonardo Albarracin
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Scientific Computing Laboratory, Computer Science Department, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology, National University of Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina
- Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli, (CERELA-CONICET), Tucuman, Argentina
| | - Ayako Miyazaki
- Viral Diseases and Epidemiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Wakako Ikeda-Ohtsubo
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takato Takenouchi
- Animal Bioregulation Unit, Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hirohide Uenishi
- Animal Bioregulation Unit, Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hisashi Aso
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Plant Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Kurata
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Julio Villena
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli, (CERELA-CONICET), Tucuman, Argentina
| | - Haruki Kitazawa
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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8
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Gayashani Sandamalika WM, Kwon H, Lim C, Yang H, Lee J. The possible role of catalase in innate immunity and diminution of cellular oxidative stress: Insights into its molecular characteristics, antioxidant activity, DNA protection, and transcriptional regulation in response to immune stimuli in yellowtail clownfish (Amphiprion clarkii). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2021; 113:106-117. [PMID: 33826938 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Catalase, a key enzyme in the antioxidant defense grid of organisms, scavenges free radicals to curtail their harmful effects on the host, supporting proper immune function. Herein, we report the identification and characterization of a catalase homolog from Amphiprion clarkii (ClCat), followed by its functional characterization. An open reading frame was identified in the cDNA sequence of ClCat at 1581 bp, which encodes a protein of 527 amino acids (aa) with a molecular mass of 60 kDa. In silico analyses of ClCat revealed characteristic features of the catalase family and a lack of a signal peptide. Multiple sequence alignment of ClCat indicated the conservation of functionally important residues among its homologs. According to phylogenetic analysis, ClCat was of vertebrate origin, positioned within the teleost clade. During native conditions, ClCat mRNA was highly expressed in blood, followed by the liver and kidney. Moreover, significant changes in ClCat transcription were observed after stimulation with LPS, poly I:C, and Vibrio harveyi, in a time-dependent manner. Recombinant ClCat (rClCat) was characterized, and its peroxidase activity was determined. Furthermore, the optimum temperature and pH for rClCat were determined to be 30-40 °C and pH 7, respectively. Oxidative stress tolerance and chromatin condensation assays indicated enhanced cell survival and reduced apoptosis, resulting from reactive oxygen species scavenging by rClCat. The DNA-protective function of rClCat was further confirmed via a metal-catalyzed oxidation assay. Taken together, our findings propose that rClCat plays an essential role in maintaining cellular oxidative homeostasis and host immune protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Gayashani Sandamalika
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukjae Kwon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaehyeon Lim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Yang
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Llopiz D, Ruiz M, Silva L, Repáraz D, Aparicio B, Egea J, Lasarte JJ, Redin E, Calvo A, Angel M, Berzofsky JA, Stroncek D, Sarobe P. Inhibition of adjuvant-induced TAM receptors potentiates cancer vaccine immunogenicity and therapeutic efficacy. Cancer Lett 2020; 499:279-289. [PMID: 33232788 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Analyzing immunomodulatory elements operating during antitumor vaccination in prostate cancer patients and murine models we identified IL-10-producing DC as a subset with poorer immunogenicity and clinical efficacy. Inhibitory TAM receptors MER and AXL were upregulated on murine IL-10+ DC. Thus, we analyzed conditions inducing these molecules and the potential benefit of their blockade during vaccination. MER and AXL upregulation was more efficiently induced by a vaccine containing Imiquimod than by a poly(I:C)-containing vaccine. Interestingly, MER expression was found on monocyte-derived DC, and was dependent on IL-10. TAM blockade improved Imiquimod-induced DC activation in vitro and in vivo, resulting in increased vaccine-induced T-cell responses, which were further reinforced by concomitant IL-10 inhibition. In different tumor models, a triple therapy (including vaccination, TAM inhibition and IL-10 blockade) provided the strongest therapeutic effect, associated with enhanced T-cell immunity and enhanced CD8+ T cell tumor infiltration. Finally, MER levels in DC used for vaccination in cancer patients correlated with IL-10 expression, showing an inverse association with vaccine-induced clinical response. These results suggest that TAM receptors upregulated during vaccination may constitute an additional target in combinatorial therapeutic vaccination strategies.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Animals
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Dendritic Cells/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Humans
- Imiquimod/administration & dosage
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine/drug effects
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Interleukin-10/metabolism
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Male
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/pathology
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Poly I-C/administration & dosage
- Prostatic Neoplasms/immunology
- Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Prostatic Neoplasms/therapy
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Pyrimidines
- Quinolines
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/immunology
- c-Mer Tyrosine Kinase/antagonists & inhibitors
- c-Mer Tyrosine Kinase/genetics
- Axl Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Llopiz
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leyre Silva
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - David Repáraz
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Belén Aparicio
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josune Egea
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan J Lasarte
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Redin
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfonso Calvo
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Matthew Angel
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA; Center for Cancer Research Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., FNLCR, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jay A Berzofsky
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David Stroncek
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pablo Sarobe
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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10
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Coelho LCM, Cruz JV, Maba IK, Zampronio AR. Fever Induced by Zymosan A and Polyinosinic-Polycytidylic Acid in Female Rats: Influence of Sex Hormones and the Participation of Endothelin-1. Inflammation 2020; 44:321-333. [PMID: 32875489 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01335-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in the immune response can also affect the febrile response, particularly the fever induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, other pathogen-associated molecular patterns, such as zymosan A (Zym) and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C), also induce fever in male rats with a different time course of cytokine release and different mediators such as endothelin-1 (ET-1). This study investigated whether female sex hormones affect Zym- and Poly I:C-induced fever and the involvement of ET-1 in this response. The fever that was induced by Zym and Poly I:C was higher in ovariectomized (OVX) female rats compared with sham-operated female rats. Estrogen replacement in OVX females reduced Zym- and Poly I:C-induced fever. The ETB receptor antagonist BQ788 reversed the LPS-induced fever in cycling females but not in OVX females. BQ788 did not alter the fever that was induced by Zym or Poly I:C in either cycling or OVX females. These findings suggest that the febrile response in cycling females is lower, independently of the stimulus that is inducing it and is probably controlled by estrogen. Also, ET-1 seems to participate in the febrile response that was induced by LPS in males and cycling females but not in the LPS-induced fever in OVX females. Additionally, ET-1 was not involved in the febrile response that was induced by Zym or Poly I:C in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C M Coelho
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - J V Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - I K Maba
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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11
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Vo TTM, Lai YY, Lin CH. The influence of a GT repeat polymorphism on poly(I:C) induction of the grouper MxII gene promoter in GK cells. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 101:99-105. [PMID: 32224278 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Interferons play an important role in the fish innate immune system against viral infection by inducing the interferon stimulated genes, such as Mx gene. We cloned the MxII gene promoter from orange-spotted grouper and found three MxII gene promoters. All of them contained two interferon stimulated response elements (ISREs), and three dinucleotide repeat sequences located at 5' end of ISREs. Interestingly, there is a polymorphic GT repeat element located upstream of these ISREs. The three MxII gene promoters respectively contained 27, 29, and 31 GT repeats, namely EcMx_27, EcMx_29, and EcMx_31. To determine whether GT repeat element influence the MxII gene expression, the MxII gene promoters were subcloned into promoterless reporter plasmid and transfected into grouper kidney (GK) cells. The results showed that a significant induction by poly(I:C) was detected in GK cells transfected with pEcMx_31 (2.65 folds) whereas there was no induction in GK cells transfected with pEcMx_27 and pEcMx_29. However, the significant induction by nervous necrosis virus (NNV) infection was found in GK cells separately transfected with three reporter plasmids. These results suggest that the GT repeat element plays an important role in modulation of MxII gene expression and the induction by poly(I:C) and NNV may be mediated through different signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Tuyet Minh Vo
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Pei-Ning Rd., Keelung, 20224, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yi Lai
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Pei-Ning Rd., Keelung, 20224, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hui Lin
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Pei-Ning Rd., Keelung, 20224, Taiwan.
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12
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Tang ZZ, Wang TY, Chen YM, Chen TY. Cloning and characterisation of type I interferon receptor 1 in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) for response to nodavirus infection. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 101:302-311. [PMID: 32335315 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Grouper is known as a highly economical teleost species in the Asian aquaculture industry; however, intensive culture activities easily cause disease outbreak, especially viral disease. For the prevention of viral outbreaks, interferon (IFN) is among the major defence systems being studied in different species. Fish type I IFNs are known to possess antiviral properties similar to mammalian type I IFNs. In order to stimulate antiviral function, IFN will bind to its cognate receptor, the type I interferon receptor (IFNAR), composed of heterodimeric receptor subunits known as IFNAR1 and IFNΑR2. The binding of type I interferon to receptors assists in the transduction of signals from the external to internal environments of cells to activate biological responses. In order to study the function of IFN, we first need to understand IFN receptors. In this study, we cloned and identified IFNAR1 in orange-spotted grouper (osgIFNAR1) and noted the up-regulated mRNA expression of the receptor and downstream effectors in the head kidney cells with cytokine treatment. The transcriptional expression of osgIFNAR1, which is characterised using polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C]) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatments, indicated the involvement of osgIFNAR1 in the immune response of grouper. The subcellular localisation of osgIFNAR1 demonstrated scattering across the grouper cell. Viral infection showed the negative feedback regulation of osgIFNAR1 in grouper larvae. Further loss of function of IFNAR1 showed a decreased expression of the virus. This study reported the identification of osgIFNAR1 and characterisation of receptor sensitivity towards immunostimulants, cytokine response, and viral challenge in the interferon pathway of orange-spotted grouper and possible different role of the receptor in viral production. Together, these results provide a frontline report of the potential function of osgIFNAR1 in the innate immunity of teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhuang Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Translational Center for Marine Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Translational Center for Marine Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Young-Mao Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Translational Center for Marine Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Bachelor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Yueh Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Translational Center for Marine Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan; University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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13
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Dong J, Sang X, Song H, Zhan R, Wei L, Liu Y, Zhang M, Huang B, Wang X. Molecular characterization and functional analysis of a Rel gene in the Pacific oyster. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 101:9-18. [PMID: 32217142 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in regulating many physiological processes such as development, inflammation, apoptosis, cell proliferation, differentiation and immune responses. And the NF-κB/Rel family members were considered as the most important transcription factors in the NF-κB signaling pathway. In this study, we cloned a Rel homolog gene (named as CgRel2) from the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. The 2115-bp open reading frame (ORF) encodes 704 amino acids and CgRel2 possesses a conserved Rel Homology Domain (RHD) at the N-terminus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that CgRel2 is most closely related to Pinctada fucata dorsal protein. CgRel2 transcripts are widely expressed in all tested tissues, with the highest expression observed in the labial palp and the gill. Moreover, the expression of CgRel2 is significantly upregulated after lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN), and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] challenge. CgRel2 transfection into human cell lines activated NF-κB, TNFα and oyster IL-17 (CgIL-17) reporter genes in a dose-dependent manner, while CgRel2 overexpression cannot induce ISRE (Interferon stimulation response element) reporter gene's transcriptional activity. Additionally, the results of co-immunoprecipitation showed that CgRel2 or CgRel1 could interact with oyster IκB1, IκB2 and IκB3 proteins strongly, which may be critical for the immune signaling transduction and the regulation of its immune functions. Together, these results suggest that CgRel2 could respond to pathogenic infection, participate in the immune signal transduction and activate NF-κB, TNFα and CgIL-17 reporter genes. Thus, CgRel2 could play an important role in the oyster immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Dong
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Xiuxiu Sang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Hongce Song
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Rui Zhan
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yaqiong Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Meiwei Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Baoyu Huang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
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14
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Cheng D, Zhang H, Liu H, Zhang X, Tan K, Li S, Ma H, Zheng H. Identification and molecular characterization of peroxiredoxin 6 from noble scallop Chlamys nobilis revealing its potent immune response and antioxidant property. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 100:368-377. [PMID: 32194249 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The 1-cyseine peroxiredoxin (Prx6) is an importantly antioxidant enzyme that protects cells from oxidative damage caused by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we described the molecular characteristics of the noble scallop Chlamys nobilis peroxiredoxin 6 (designed as CnPrx6), immune responses and DNA protection activity of the recombinant protein. The complete ORF (696 bp) of CnPrx6 encoded a polypeptide (25.5 kDa) of 231 amino acids, harboring a conserved peroxidase catalytic center (41PVCTTE46) and the catalytic triads putatively involved in peroxidase and phospholipase A2 activities. The deduced amino acid sequence of CnPrx6 shared a relatively high amino acid sequence similarity (more than 50%). The qRT-PCR revealed that the CnPrx6 mRNA was constitutively expressed in all examined tissues, with the highest expression observed in adductor. Upon immunological challenge with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C), the expression level of CnPrx6 mRNA was significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the expression level of CnPrx6 between golden and brown scallops. The purified recombinant CnPrx6 protein protected the supercoiled plasmid DNA from metal-catalyzed ROS damage. Taken together, these results indicated that the CnPrx6 may play an important role in modulating immune responses and minimizing DNA damage in noble scallop Chlamys nobilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Hongkuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Hongxing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Xinxu Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Karsoon Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Hongyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Huaiping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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15
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Ignatz EH, Braden LM, Benfey TJ, Caballero-Solares A, Hori TS, Runighan CD, Fast MD, Westcott JD, Rise ML. Impact of rearing temperature on the innate antiviral immune response of growth hormone transgenic female triploid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 97:656-668. [PMID: 31891812 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
AquAdvantage Salmon (growth hormone transgenic female triploid Atlantic salmon) are a faster-growing alternative to conventional farmed diploid Atlantic salmon. To investigate optimal rearing conditions for their commercial production, a laboratory study was conducted in a freshwater recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) to examine the effect of rearing temperature (10.5 °C, 13.5 °C, 16.5 °C) on their antiviral immune and stress responses. When each temperature treatment group reached an average weight of 800 g, a subset of fish were intraperitoneally injected with either polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (pIC, a viral mimic) or an equal volume of sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Blood and head kidney samples were collected before injection and 6, 24 and 48 h post-injection (hpi). Transcript abundance of 7 antiviral biomarker genes (tlr3, lgp2, stat1b, isg15a, rsad2, mxb, ifng) was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) on head kidney RNA samples. Plasma cortisol levels from blood samples collected pre-injection and from pIC and PBS groups at 24 hpi were quantified by ELISA. While rearing temperature and treatment did not significantly affect circulating cortisol, all genes tested were significantly upregulated by pIC at all three temperatures (except for tlr3, which was only upregulated in the 10.5 °C treatment). Target gene activation was generally observed at 24 hpi, with most transcript levels decreasing by 48 hpi in pIC-injected fish. Although a high amount of biological variability in response to pIC was evident across all treatments, rearing temperature significantly influenced transcript abundance and/or fold-changes comparing time- and temperature-matched pIC- and PBS-injected fish for several genes (tlr3, lgp2, stat1b, isg15a, rsad2 and ifng) at 24 hpi. As an example, significantly higher fold-changes of rsad2, isg15a and ifng were found in fish reared at 10.5 °C when compared to 16.5 °C. Multivariate analysis confirmed that rearing temperature modulated antiviral immune response. The present experiment provides novel insight into the relationship between rearing temperature and innate antiviral immune response in AquAdvantage Salmon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric H Ignatz
- AquaBounty Canada, 718 Route 310, Fortune, PE, C0A 2B0, Canada; Memorial University, Fisheries and Marine Institute, 155 Ridge Road, St. John's, NL, A1C 5R3, Canada; Memorial University, Department of Ocean Sciences, 0 Marine Lab Road, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
| | - Laura M Braden
- AquaBounty Canada, 718 Route 310, Fortune, PE, C0A 2B0, Canada; Hoplite Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Ave., Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada.
| | - Tillmann J Benfey
- University of New Brunswick, Department of Biology, 10 Bailey Drive, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A3, Canada.
| | - Albert Caballero-Solares
- Memorial University, Department of Ocean Sciences, 0 Marine Lab Road, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
| | - Tiago S Hori
- Center for Aquaculture Technologies Canada, 20 Hope Street, Souris, PE, C0A 2B0, Canada.
| | - C Dawn Runighan
- AquaBounty Canada, 718 Route 310, Fortune, PE, C0A 2B0, Canada.
| | - Mark D Fast
- Hoplite Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Ave., Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada.
| | - Jillian D Westcott
- Memorial University, Fisheries and Marine Institute, 155 Ridge Road, St. John's, NL, A1C 5R3, Canada.
| | - Matthew L Rise
- Memorial University, Department of Ocean Sciences, 0 Marine Lab Road, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
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16
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Cougnoux A, Fellmeth M, Gu T, Davidson CD, Gibson AL, Pavan WJ, Porter FD. Maternal immune activation modifies the course of Niemann-pick disease, type C1 in a gender specific manner. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 129:165-170. [PMID: 31668555 PMCID: PMC7002177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (NPC1) is a rare neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestation. Multiple genetic factors influence the NPC1 mouse phenotype, but very little attention has been given to prenatal environmental factors that might have long-term effects on the neuroinflammatory component of NPC1 pathology. Studies in other mouse models of cerebellar ataxia have shown that developmental exposures lead to Purkinje neuron degeneration later in life, suggesting that environmental exposures during development can impact cerebellar biology. Thus, we evaluated the potential effect of maternal immune activation (MIA) on disease progression in an Npc1 mouse model. The MIA paradigm used mimics viral infection using the toll like receptor 3 agonist polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid during gestation. Through phenotypic and pathologic tests, we measured motor and behavioral changes as well as cerebellar neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. We observed a gender and genotype dependent effect of MIA on the cerebellum. While the effects of MIA have been previously shown to primarily affect male progeny, we observed increased sensitivity of female mutant progeny to prenatal exposure to treatment with polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid. Specifically, prenatal MIA resulted in female NPC1 mutant progeny with greater motor deficits and a corresponding decrease in cerebellar Purkinje neurons. Our data suggest that prenatal environmental exposures may be one factor contributing to the phenotypic variability observed in individuals with NPC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Cougnoux
- Division of Translational Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America
| | - Mason Fellmeth
- Division of Translational Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America
| | - Tansy Gu
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America
| | - Cristin D Davidson
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America
| | - Alana L Gibson
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America
| | - William J Pavan
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America
| | - Forbes D Porter
- Division of Translational Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America.
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17
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Domankevich V, Cohen A, Efrati M, Schmidt M, Rammensee HG, Nair SS, Tewari A, Kelson I, Keisari Y. Combining alpha radiation-based brachytherapy with immunomodulators promotes complete tumor regression in mice via tumor-specific long-term immune response. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:1949-1958. [PMID: 31637474 PMCID: PMC6877484 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02418-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diffusing alpha-emitters radiation therapy (DaRT) is the only known method for treating solid tumors with highly destructive alpha radiation. More importantly, as a monotherapy, DaRT has been shown to induce a systemic antitumor immune response following tumor ablation. Here, immunomodulatory strategies to boost the antitumor immune response induced by DaRT, and the response specificity, were investigated in the colon cancer CT26 mouse model. Local treatment prior to DaRT, with the TLR3 agonist poly I:C, was sufficient to inhibit tumor growth relative to poly I:C or DaRT alone. DaRT used in combination with the TLR9 agonist CpG, or with the TLR1/2 agonist XS15 retarded tumor growth and increased tumor-rejection rates, compared to DaRT alone, curing 41% and 20% of the mice, respectively. DaRT in combination with CpG, the Treg inhibitor cyclophosphamide, and the MDSC inhibitor sildenafil, cured 51% of the animals, compared to only 6% and 0% cure when immunomodulation or DaRT was used alone, respectively. Challenge and Winn assays revealed that these high cure rates involved a specific immunological memory against CT26 antigens. We suggest that DaRT acts in synergy with immunomodulation to induce a specific and systemic antitumor immune response. This strategy may serve as a safe and efficient method not only for tumor ablation, but also for in situ vaccination of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vered Domankevich
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adi Cohen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Margalit Efrati
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael Schmidt
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Alpha Tau Medical, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hans-Georg Rammensee
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sujit S Nair
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashutosh Tewari
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Itzhak Kelson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Alpha Tau Medical, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yona Keisari
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Alpha Tau Medical, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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18
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Howe M, Bauer J, Schulze A, Kropp S, Locksley RM, Alferink J, Weighardt H, Scheu S. Production of IFNβ by Conventional Dendritic Cells after Stimulation with Viral Compounds and IFNβ-Independent IFNAR1-Signaling Pathways are Associated with Aggravation of Polymicrobial Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184410. [PMID: 31500303 PMCID: PMC6770674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections are associated with increased incidence of severe sepsis. Particularly during the early stages, type I interferons (IFNs) are known mediators of detrimental effects. However, the functional role of early interferon β (IFNβ) and its cellular source during sepsis in the context of preexisting viral infections has not been defined. Using the colon ascendens stent peritonitis (CASP) model, we demonstrate that IFNβ−/− and type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1)−/− mice were less susceptible to sepsis after pre-stimulation with the viral mimetic poly(I:C). Wild type (WT) mice treated with poly(I:C) exhibited altered expression patterns of TNF and IL-12p40 during CASP which were dependent on IFNβ or IFNAR1, suggesting a mechanism for the increased sepsis susceptibility of WT mice. Using a double cytokine reporter mouse model, we present novel data on the simultaneous expression of IFNβ and IL-12p40 on a single cell level during polymicrobial sepsis in vivo. Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) were identified as primary source of IFNβ and the protective cytokine IL-12p40 after CASP surgery irrespective of poly(I:C) pre-stimulation. These data demonstrated that if polymicrobial sepsis is preceded by a viral infection, IFNβ and IL-12p40 are expressed by polyfunctional cDCs suggesting that these cells can play both detrimental and beneficial roles during sepsis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Howe
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens Bauer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anja Schulze
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Kropp
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Richard M Locksley
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Departments of Medicine and Microbiology/Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Judith Alferink
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence EXC 1003, Cells in Motion, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Heike Weighardt
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefanie Scheu
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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19
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Kannaki TR, Priyanka E, Reddy MR. Co-administration of toll-like receptor (TLR)-3 and 4 ligands augments immune response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine in chicken. Vet Res Commun 2019; 43:225-230. [PMID: 31446518 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-019-09763-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that mediate first line of host defence to pathogens. TLR agonists are potent immunostimulatory agents that help to prime a robust adaptive immune response. In the present study, adjuvant potential of Poly I:C and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were evaluated with live Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine. Cornish chickens were immunized with live Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine (R2B-mesogenic strain) adjuvanted either with Poly I:C (TLR3 agonist) or LPS-TLR4 agonist and both. Humoral Immune response to ND vaccine was evaluated through haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and ELISA, while the cellular immune response (CMI) was quantified by lymphocyte transformation test (LTT). IL-1β cytokine mRNA levels in spleen tissue were also quantified by real time PCR. The results suggest that TLR3 and TLR4 agonists are an efficient immune-stimulators separately, as LPS co-administered group has shown significantly higher serum titre on second week post-immunization and Poly I:C group on third week post-immunization both by HI and ELISA (P < 0.01), however, the combined administration of both LPS and Poly I:C did not give any complementary effect on serum titre. There were no significant differences in stimulation indices (SI) and IL-1β cytokine levels between groups at different intervals post-immunization. Hence, TLR agonists LPS followed by Poly I:C could be used as adjuvant to enhance the immune response to NDV vaccine in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Kannaki
- Avian Health Lab, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500 030, India.
| | - E Priyanka
- Avian Health Lab, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500 030, India
| | - M R Reddy
- Avian Health Lab, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500 030, India
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20
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Sadeghi Z, Fasihi-Ramandi M, Bouzari S. Evaluation of immunogenicity of novel multi-epitope subunit vaccines in combination with poly I:C against Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus infection. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 75:105829. [PMID: 31437796 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease affecting domestic animals and humans. Due to several safety problems associated with live attenuated vaccines (Rev1 and RB51), it is necessary to produce an efficient and safer vaccine against Brucella. In this study, we evaluated efficacy of two novel multi-peptide vaccine candidates of FliC, 7α-HSDH, BhuA antigens with and without poly I:C adjuvant. Hence, humoral and cellular immune responses and protective efficacy were determined in immunized mice. Our investigation indicated that multi-epitope antigens showed a significant induction of Th1 immunity with high levels of specific IgG (especially the IgG2a), as well as IFN-γ and IL-2 compared to the control group. The addition of poly I:C to multi-epitope antigens improved the humoral and cellular immune responses. The multi-epitope antigens with and without poly I:C also provided cross protection against B. melitensis16M and B. abortus544 infections. The present study suggests that the novel multi-epitope vaccine candidates based on B cell, CD4+ and CD8+T-cell epitopes of FliC, 7α-HSDH, BhuA proteins would be potential vaccine candidate against B. melitensis and B. abortus infections. Furthermore, poly I:C could be considered as a strong Th1-inducing adjuvant in designing vaccine formulation against brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohre Sadeghi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Fasihi-Ramandi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Bouzari
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Olsen LK, Cairns AG, Ådén J, Moriarty N, Cabre S, Alamilla VR, Almqvist F, Dowd E, McKernan DP. Viral mimetic priming enhances α-synuclein-induced degeneration: Implications for Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 80:525-535. [PMID: 31029796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating to suggest that viral infections and consequent viral-mediated neuroinflammation may contribute to the etiology of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Moreover, viruses have been shown to influence α-synuclein oligomerization as well as the autophagic clearance of abnormal intra-cellular proteins aggregations, both of which are key neuropathological events in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. To further investigate the interaction between viral-mediated neuroinflammation and α-synuclein aggregation in the context of Parkinson's disease, this study sought to determine the impact of viral neuroinflammatory priming on α-synuclein aggregate-induced neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity in the rat nigrostriatal pathway. To do so, male Sprague-Dawley rats were intra-nigrally injected with a synthetic mimetic of viral dsRNA (poly I:C) followed two weeks later by a peptidomimetic small molecule which accelerates α-synuclein fibril formation (FN075). The impact of the viral priming on α-synuclein aggregation-induced neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration and motor dysfunction was assessed. We found that prior administration of the viral mimetic poly I:C significantly exacerbated or precipitated the α-synuclein aggregate induced neuropathological and behavioral effects. Specifically, sequential exposure to the two challenges caused a significant increase in nigral microgliosis (p < 0.001) and astrocytosis (p < 0.01); precipitated a significant degeneration of the nigrostriatal cell bodies (p < 0.05); and precipitated a significant impairment in forelimb kinesis (p < 0.01) and sensorimotor integration (p < 0.01). The enhanced sensitivity of the nigrostriatal neurons to pathological α-synuclein aggregation after viral neuroinflammatory priming further suggests that viral infections may contribute to the etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Olsen
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Jörgen Ådén
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Niamh Moriarty
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Silvia Cabre
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Veronica R Alamilla
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Eilís Dowd
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Declan P McKernan
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland.
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22
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Zhu W, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Yuan G, Liu X, Ai T, Su J. Astragalus polysaccharides, chitosan and poly(I:C) obviously enhance inactivated Edwardsiella ictaluri vaccine potency in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 87:379-385. [PMID: 30690155 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) is an economically important fish in China, but Edwardsiella ictaluri, an intracellular pathogenic bacterium, causes great losses to the culture industry. Currently, vaccination is the most promising strategy to combat the infectious diseases, while adjuvant can provide effective assistant for vaccines to enhance immune responses. In the present study, inactivated E. ictaluri vaccine was prepared, then Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), chitosan and poly(I:C) were employed as adjuvants to evaluate the effect on boosting immune responses and protecting yellow catfish against E. ictaluri. The survival rate was obviously improved after vaccination with APS, chitosan or poly(I:C) respectively, in addition, these three adjuvants could clearly protect the target tissue (intestine) by pathological sections in infectious experiments. In sera, total protein levels increased throughout the immunization stages, total superoxide dismutase levels continued to raise after vaccination, and lysozyme activity levels improved at different periods, examining by the commercial kits. Moreover, checking by real time quantitative RT-PCR assays, in both spleen and head kidney tissues which were the major immune organs, mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokine IL-1β increased in the early stage of immunity, typical Th1 immune response cytokines IL-2 and IFN-γ2 rose up in the whole immune period, and IgM significantly enhanced in the adjuvant supplementation groups. The results demonstrated the good efficiency of APS, chitosan or poly(I:C) as adjuvant, and provided more options for the fish adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yanqi Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Gailing Yuan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Taoshan Ai
- Wuhan Chopper Fishery Bio-Tech Co.,Ltd, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430207, China
| | - Jianguo Su
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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23
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Tharuka MDN, Priyathilaka TT, Yang H, Pavithiran A, Lee J. Molecular and transcriptional insights into viperin protein from Big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis), and its potential antiviral role. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 86:599-607. [PMID: 30529464 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Viperin is recognized as an antiviral protein that is stimulated by interferon, viral exposures, and other pathogenic molecules in vertebrate. In this study, a viperin homolog in the Big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis; HaVip) was functionally characterized to determine its subcellular localization, expression pattern, and antiviral activity in vitro. The HaVip coding sequence encodes a 348 amino acid polypeptide with predicted molecular weight of 38.48 kDa. Sequence analysis revealed that HaVip comprises three main domains: the N-terminal amphipathic α-helix, a radical S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) domain, and a conserved C-terminal domain. Transfected GFP-tagged HaVip protein was found to localize to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Overexpressed-HaVip in FHM cells was found to significantly reduce viral capsid gene expression in VHSV infection in vitro. Under normal physiological conditions, HaVip expression was ubiquitously detected in all 14 examined tissues of the seahorse, with the highest expression observed in the heart, followed by skin and blood. In vivo studies showed that HaVip was rapidly and predominantly upregulated in blood, kidney, and intestinal tissue upon poly (I:C) stimulus. LPS and Streptococus iniae challenges caused a significant increase in expression of HaVip in all the analyzed tissues. The obtained results suggest that HaVip is involved in the immune system of the seahorse, triggering antiviral and antibacterial responses, upon viral and bacterial pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Neranjan Tharuka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Thanthrige Thiunuwan Priyathilaka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Yang
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Amirthalingam Pavithiran
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea.
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24
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zhao J, Zhang Z, Xue Y, Wang G, Cheng Y, Pan Y, Zhao S, Hou Y. Anti-tumor macrophages activated by ferumoxytol combined or surface-functionalized with the TLR3 agonist poly (I : C) promote melanoma regression. Theranostics 2018; 8:6307-6321. [PMID: 30613299 PMCID: PMC6299704 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages orchestrate inflammation and control the promotion or inhibition of tumors and metastasis. Ferumoxytol (FMT), a clinically approved iron oxide nanoparticle, possesses anti-tumor therapeutic potential by inducing pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) activation also potently enhances the anti-tumor response of immune cells. Herein, the anti-tumor potential of macrophages harnessed by FMT combined with the TLR3 agonist, poly (I:C) (PIC), and FP-NPs (nanoparticles composed of amino-modified FMT (FMT-NH2) surface functionalized with PIC) was explored. Methods: Proliferation of B16F10 cells co-cultured with macrophages was measured using immunofluorescence or flow cytometry (FCM). Phagocytosis was analyzed using FCM and fluorescence imaging. FP-NPs were prepared through electrostatic interactions and their properties were characterized using dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and gel retardation assay. Anti-tumor and anti-metastasis effects were evaluated in B16F10 tumor-bearing mice, and tumor-infiltrating immunocytes were detected by immunofluorescence staining and FCM. Results: FMT, PIC, or the combination of both hardly impaired B16F10 cell viability. However, FMT combined with PIC synergistically inhibited their proliferation by shifting macrophages to a tumoricidal phenotype with upregulated TNF-α and iNOS, increased NO secretion and augmented phagocytosis induced by NOX2-derived ROS in vitro. Combined treatment with FMT/PIC and FMT-NH2/PIC respectively resulted in primary melanoma regression and alleviated pulmonary metastasis with elevated pro-inflammatory macrophage infiltration and upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes in vivo. In comparison, FP-NPs with properties of internalization by macrophages and accumulation in the lung produced a more pronounced anti-metastatic effect accompanied with decreased myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and tumor-associated macrophages shifted to M1 phenotype. In vitro mechanistic studies revealed that FP-NPs nanoparticles barely affected B16F10 cell viability, but specifically retarded their growth by steering macrophages to M1 phenotype through NF-κB signaling. Conclusion: FMT synergized with the TLR3 agonist PIC either in combination or as a nano-composition to induce macrophage activation for primary and metastatic melanoma regression, and the nano-composition of FP-NPs exhibited a more superior anti-metastatic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Zhengkui Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, Nanjing University , Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Yaxian Xue
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Guoqun Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, PR China
| | - Yuchen Pan
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Shuli Zhao
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, PR China
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
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25
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Ishiguro H, Horiuchi Y, Tabata K, Liu QR, Arinami T, Onaivi ES. Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor Gene and Environmental Interaction in the Development of Psychiatric Disorders. Molecules 2018; 23:E1836. [PMID: 30042304 PMCID: PMC6114128 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CB2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R) gene is associated with depression. We investigated the gene-environment interaction between CB2R function and diverse stressors. First, anxiety-like behavior during chronic-mild-stress (CMS) was evaluated in C57BL/6JJmsSlc mice following treatment with CB2R agonist JWH015 or inverse-agonist AM630. Second, locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavior were measured following exposure to an immune poly I:C stressor. Gene expressions of HPA axis related molecules, Fkbp5, Nr3c1 and Crf and pro-inflammatory cytokine Il-1b, as well as Bdnf as a key neurotrophin that supports neuron health, function, and synaptic plasticity, were determined in hippocampus of Cnr2 knockout mice, as indicators of stressful environment. CMS-induced anxiety-like behavior was enhanced by AM630 and reduced by JWH015 and fluvoxamine. Poly I:C reduced locomotor activity and increased anxiety-like behavior, and these effects were pronounced in the heterozygote than in the wild type mice. Fkbp5 and Nr3c1 expression were lower in the Cnr2 heterozygotes than in the wild type mice with Poly I:C treatment. These findings indicate that interaction between CB2R gene and stressors increases the risk of depression-like behaviors that may be linked with neuro-immune crosstalk. Further studies in human subjects are necessary to determine the role of CB2R and environmental interaction in the development of depression.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anxiety/chemically induced
- Anxiety/genetics
- Anxiety/immunology
- Anxiety/physiopathology
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/immunology
- Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/genetics
- Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/immunology
- Depression/chemically induced
- Depression/genetics
- Depression/immunology
- Depression/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene-Environment Interaction
- Hippocampus/drug effects
- Hippocampus/immunology
- Hippocampus/physiopathology
- Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/drug effects
- Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/immunology
- Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiopathology
- Immunologic Factors/administration & dosage
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Interleukin-1beta/immunology
- Locomotion/drug effects
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Pituitary-Adrenal System/drug effects
- Pituitary-Adrenal System/immunology
- Pituitary-Adrenal System/physiopathology
- Poly I-C/administration & dosage
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/deficiency
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/immunology
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- Tacrolimus Binding Proteins/genetics
- Tacrolimus Binding Proteins/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ishiguro
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Ethics, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
| | - Yasue Horiuchi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.
| | - Koichi Tabata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Ethics, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
| | - Qing-Rong Liu
- National Institute on Aging-IRP, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Tadao Arinami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Emmanuel S Onaivi
- Department of Biology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ 07470, USA.
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26
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Duffney PF, McCarthy CE, Nogales A, Thatcher TH, Martinez-Sobrido L, Phipps RP, Sime PJ. Cigarette smoke dampens antiviral signaling in small airway epithelial cells by disrupting TLR3 cleavage. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 314:L505-L513. [PMID: 29351447 PMCID: PMC5900359 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00406.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smokers and people exposed to second-hand smoke are at an increased risk for pulmonary viral infections, and yet the mechanism responsible for this heightened susceptibility is not understood. To understand the effect of cigarette smoke on susceptibility to viral infection, we used an air-liquid interface culture system and exposed primary human small airway epithelial cells (SAEC) to whole cigarette smoke, followed by treatment with the viral mimetic polyinosinic polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) or influenza A virus (IAV). We found that prior smoke exposure strongly inhibited production of proinflammatory (interleukin-6 and interleukin-8) and antiviral [interferon-γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) and interferons] mediators in SAECs in response to poly I:C and IAV infection. Impaired antiviral responses corresponded to increased infection with IAV. This was associated with a decrease in phosphorylation of the key antiviral transcription factor interferon response factor 3 (IRF3). Here, we found that cigarette smoke exposure inhibited activation of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) by impairing TLR3 cleavage, which was required for downstream phosphorylation of IRF3 and production of IP-10. These results identify a novel mechanism by which cigarette smoke exposure impairs antiviral responses in lung epithelial cells, which may contribute to increased susceptibility to respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker F Duffney
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York
| | - Claire E McCarthy
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York
| | - Aitor Nogales
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York
| | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York
| | - Richard P Phipps
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York
- Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York
- Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York
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27
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Blüm P, Pircher J, Merkle M, Czermak T, Ribeiro A, Mannell H, Krötz F, Hennrich A, Spannagl M, Köppel S, Gaitzsch E, Wörnle M. Arterial thrombosis in the context of HCV-associated vascular disease can be prevented by protein C. Cell Mol Immunol 2017; 14:986-996. [PMID: 27086952 PMCID: PMC5719134 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2016.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major problem worldwide. HCV is not limited to liver disease but is frequently complicated by immune-mediated extrahepatic manifestations such as glomerulonephritis or vasculitis. A fatal complication of HCV-associated vascular disease is thrombosis. Polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid (poly (I:C)), a synthetic analog of viral RNA, induces a Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)-dependent arteriolar thrombosis without significant thrombus formation in venules in vivo. These procoagulant effects are caused by increased endothelial synthesis of tissue factor and PAI-1 without platelet activation. In addition to human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVEC), human mesangial cells (HMC) produce procoagulatory factors, cytokines and adhesion molecules after stimulation with poly (I:C) or HCV-containing cryoprecipitates from a patient with a HCV infection as well. Activated protein C (APC) is able to prevent the induction of procoagulatory factors in HUVEC and HMC in vitro and blocks the effects of poly (I:C) and HCV-RNA on the expression of cytokines and adhesion molecules in HMC but not in HUVEC. In vivo, protein C inhibits poly (I:C)-induced arteriolar thrombosis. Thus, endothelial cells are de facto able to actively participate in immune-mediated vascular thrombosis caused by viral infections. Finally, we provide evidence for the ability of protein C to inhibit TLR3-mediated arteriolar thrombosis caused by HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Blüm
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, 80336 München, Germany
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig Maximilians University München, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Joachim Pircher
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig Maximilians University München, 80336 München, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Monika Merkle
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Thomas Czermak
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, 80336 München, Germany
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig Maximilians University München, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Andrea Ribeiro
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Hanna Mannell
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig Maximilians University München, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Florian Krötz
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig Maximilians University München, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Alexander Hennrich
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig Maximilians University München, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Michael Spannagl
- Abteilung für Transfusionsmedizin, Zelltherapeutika und Hämostaseologie, Klinikum der Universität München, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Simone Köppel
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Erik Gaitzsch
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, 80336 München, Germany
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig Maximilians University München, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Markus Wörnle
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, 80336 München, Germany
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28
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Ujino M, Sugimoto N, Koizumi Y, Ro S, Kojima Y, Asae KH, Yamashita N, Ohta K, Nagase H. Leukotriene receptor antagonist attenuated airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in a double-stranded RNA-induced asthma exacerbation model. Allergol Int 2017. [PMID: 28647381 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral infections are the most common triggers of asthma exacerbation, but the key molecules involved in this process have not been fully identified. Although cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) have been postulated as the key mediators, their precise roles remain largely unclear. To investigate the roles of cysLTs in virus-induced asthma exacerbation, we developed a murine model using a viral double-stranded RNA analog, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), and analyzed the effect of leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) administration. METHODS A/J mice were immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) + alum (days 0, 28, 42, and 49), followed by intranasal challenge with OVA (phase 1: days 50-52) and poly I:C (phase 2: days 53-55). Montelukast was administered during poly I:C challenge (phase 2) in the reliever model or throughout the OVA and poly I:C challenges (phases 1 and 2) in the controller model. Airway responsiveness to acetylcholine chloride was assessed, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed on day 56. RESULTS Administration of poly I:C to OVA-sensitized and -challenged mice increased the number of eosinophils and levels of IL-13, IL-9, CCL3, and CXCL1 in BAL fluid (BALF) and tended to increase airway responsiveness. Montelukast significantly attenuated the poly I:C-induced increase in the number of eosinophils and levels of IL-13, IL-9, and CCL3 in BALF and airway hyperresponsiveness in both the reliever and controller models. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report showing that LTRA functionally suppressed the pathophysiology of a virus-induced asthma exacerbation model, suggesting the importance of cysLTs as a potential treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Ujino
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Sugimoto
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Koizumi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoki Ro
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kojima
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kamiyama-Hara Asae
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naomi Yamashita
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Ohta
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; National Hospital Organization, Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagase
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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29
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Gorskaya YF, Tukhvatulin AI, Nesterenko VG. NLR2 and TLR3, TLR4, TLR5 Ligands, Injected In Vivo, Improve after 1 h the Efficiency of Cloning and Proliferative Activity of Bone Marrow Multipotent Stromal Cells and Reduce the Content of Osteogenic Multipotent Stromal Cells in CBA Mice. Bull Exp Biol Med 2017; 163:356-360. [PMID: 28744636 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-017-3803-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ligands NLR2 (muramyldipeptide) and TLR (bacterial LPS, flagellin, CpG-dinucleotide, and Poly I:C) and S. typhimurium antigenic complex by 1.5-3-fold increase the efficiency of cloning and content of multipotent stromal cells (MSC) in the bone marrow of CBA mice as soon as 1 h postinjection. The counts of large colonies (150-500 cells) increased by 2.5-3.3 times in comparison with intact bone marrow cultures at the expense of a decrease in the number of smaller colonies, which attests to enhanced proliferation of stromal cells in the colonies. The efficiency of cloning and hence, MSC content in the femoral bone decreased by 1.2-1.9 times after 3 h and increased again after 24 h to the level 1.3-1.5 times higher than the level 1 h postinjection (LPS, Poly I:C, and S. typhimurium antigenic complex). The dynamics of bone marrow MSC cloning efficiency after 1-3 h corresponded to the dynamics of serum cytokine concentrations during the same period. However, the levels of serum cytokines after 24 h in general were similar to those in intact mice or were lower. The concentrations of osteogenic multipotent stromal cells in the bone marrow decreased 2-3-fold after 3 h and thus persisted by 24 h postinjection. Twofold (at 24-h interval) and a single injection of S. typhimurium antigenic complex to mice led to a significant increase of cloning efficiency, observed as early as just 1 h postinjection (1.9 and 1.5 times, respectively). The same picture was observed for serum cytokines. On the whole, injections of TLR and NLR ligands and of S. typhimurium antigenic complex led to stromal tissue activation within 1 h postinjection, this activation consisting in a significant increase of the efficiency of cloning and of MSC count in the bone marrow, and also in an increase in their proliferative activity and a decrease (after 3 h) of osteogenic MSC concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu F Gorskaya
- Laboratory of Immunity Regulation and Immunological Tolerance, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A I Tukhvatulin
- Laboratory of Cellular Microbiology, N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - V G Nesterenko
- Laboratory of Immunity Regulation and Immunological Tolerance, Moscow, Russia
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30
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Weir GM, Karkada M, Hoskin D, Stanford MM, MacDonald L, Mansour M, Liwski RS. Combination of poly I:C and Pam3CSK4 enhances activation of B cells in vitro and boosts antibody responses to protein vaccines in vivo. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180073. [PMID: 28662082 PMCID: PMC5491120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines that can rapidly induce strong and robust antibody-mediated immunity could improve protection from certain infectious diseases for which current vaccine formulations are inefficient. For indications such as anthrax and influenza, antibody production in vivo is a correlate of efficacy. Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists are frequently studied for their role as vaccine adjuvants, largely because of their ability to enhance initiation of immune responses to antigens by activating dendritic cells. However, TLRs are also expressed on B cells and may contribute to effective B cell activation and promote differentiation into antigen-specific antibody producing plasma cells in vivo. We sought to discover an adjuvant system that could be used to augment antibody responses to influenza and anthrax vaccines. We first characterized an adjuvant system in vitro which consisted of two TLR ligands, poly I:C (TLR3) and Pam3CSK4 (TLR2), by evaluating its effects on B cell activation. Each agonist enhanced B cell activation through increased expression of surface receptors, cytokine secretion and proliferation. However, when B cells were stimulated with poly I:C and Pam3CSK4 in combination, further enhancement to cell activation was observed. Using B cells isolated from knockout mice we confirmed that poly I:C and Pam3CSK4 were signaling through TLR3 and TLR2, respectively. B cells activated with Poly I:C and Pam3CSK4 displayed enhanced capacity to stimulate allogeneic CD4+ T cell activation and differentiate into antibody-producing plasma cells in vitro. Mice vaccinated with influenza or anthrax antigens formulated with poly I:C and Pam3CSK4 in DepoVax™ vaccine platform developed a rapid and strong antigen-specific serum antibody titer that persisted for at least 12 weeks after a single immunization. These results demonstrate that combinations of TLR adjuvants promote more effective B cell activation in vitro and can be used to augment antibody responses to vaccines in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve M. Weir
- Research & Development, Immunovaccine Inc, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Mohan Karkada
- Research & Development, Immunovaccine Inc, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - David Hoskin
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Marianne M. Stanford
- Research & Development, Immunovaccine Inc, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Lisa MacDonald
- Research & Development, Immunovaccine Inc, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Marc Mansour
- Research & Development, Immunovaccine Inc, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Robert S. Liwski
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Hematopathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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31
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Mehrotra S, Britten CD, Chin S, Garrett-Mayer E, Cloud CA, Li M, Scurti G, Salem ML, Nelson MH, Thomas MB, Paulos CM, Salazar AM, Nishimura MI, Rubinstein MP, Li Z, Cole DJ. Vaccination with poly(IC:LC) and peptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cells in patients with pancreatic cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:82. [PMID: 28388966 PMCID: PMC5384142 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendritic cells (DCs) enhance the quality of anti-tumor immune response in patients with cancer. Thus, we posit that DC-based immunotherapy, in conjunction with toll-like receptor (TLR)-3 agonist poly-ICLC, is a promising approach for harnessing immunity against metastatic or locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer (PC). METHODS We generated autologous DCs from the peripheral blood of HLA-A2+ patients with PC. DCs were pulsed with three distinct A2-restricted peptides: 1) human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT, TERT572Y), 2) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA; Cap1-6D), and 3) survivin (SRV.A2). Patients received four intradermal injections of 1 × 107 peptide-pulsed DC vaccines every 2 weeks (Day 0, 14, 28, and 42). Concurrently, patients received intramuscular administration of Poly-ICLC at 30 μg/Kg on vaccination days (i.e., day 0, 14, 28, and 42), as well as on days 3, 17, 21, 31, 37, and 45. Our key objective was to assess safety and feasibility. The effect of DC vaccination on immune response was measured at each DC injection time point by enumerating the phenotype and function of patient T cells. RESULTS Twelve patients underwent apheresis: nine patients with metastatic disease, and three patients with locally advanced unresectable disease. Vaccines were successfully manufactured from all individuals. We found that this treatment was well-tolerated, with the most common symptoms being fatigue and/or self-limiting flu-like symptoms. Among the eight patients who underwent imaging on day 56, four patients experienced stable disease while four patients had disease progression. The median overall survival was 7.7 months. One patient survived for 28 months post leukapheresis. MHC class I -tetramer analysis before and after vaccination revealed effective generation of antigen-specific T cells in three patients with stable disease. CONCLUSION Vaccination with peptide-pulsed DCs in combination with poly-ICLC is safe and induces a measurable tumor specific T cell population in patients with advanced PC. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01410968 ; Name of registry: clinicaltrials.gov; Date of registration: 08/04/2011).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Present address: Gibbs Cancer Center and Research Institute, 380 Serpentine Drive, Spartanburg, SC, 29303, USA.
| | - Carolyn D Britten
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Steve Chin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Present address: Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer
- Departmet of Population Sciences, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Colleen A Cloud
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Mingli Li
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Gina Scurti
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Mohamed L Salem
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Research and Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Michelle H Nelson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Melanie B Thomas
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Present address: Gibbs Cancer Center and Research Institute, 380 Serpentine Drive, Spartanburg, SC, 29303, USA
| | - Chrystal M Paulos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Andres M Salazar
- Oncovir Inc., 3202 Cleaveland Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
| | - Michael I Nishimura
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Mark P Rubinstein
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - David J Cole
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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Bloise E, Petropoulos S, Iqbal M, Kostaki A, Ortiga-Carvalho TM, Gibb W, Matthews SG. Acute Effects of Viral Exposure on P-Glycoprotein Function in the Mouse Fetal Blood-Brain Barrier. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 41:1044-1050. [PMID: 28222448 DOI: 10.1159/000461569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Viral infection during pregnancy is known to affect the fetal brain. The toll-like receptor (TLR)-3 is a pattern recognition receptor activated by viruses known to elicit adverse fetal neurological outcomes. The P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux transporter protects the developing fetus by limiting the transfer of substrates across both the placenta and the fetal blood-brain barrier (BBB). As such, inhibition of P-gp at these blood-barrier sites may result in increased exposure of the developing fetus to environmental toxins and xenobiotics present in the maternal circulation. We hypothesized that viral exposure during pregnancy would impair P-gp function in the placenta and in the developing BBB. Here we investigated whether the TLR-3 ligand, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C), increased accumulation of one P-gp substrate in the fetus and in the developing fetal brain. METHODS Pregnant C57BL/6 mice (GD15.5) were injected (i.p.) with PolyI:C (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg) or vehicle (saline). [3H]digoxin (P-gp substrate) was injected (i.v.) 3 or 23h post-treatment and animals were euthanized 1h later. Maternal plasma, 'fetal-units' (fetal membranes, amniotic fluid and whole fetus), and fetal brains were collected. RESULTS PolyI:C exposure (4h) significantly elevated maternal plasma IL-6 (P<0.001) and increased [3H]digoxin accumulation in the fetal brain (P<0.05). In contrast, 24h after PolyI:C exposure, no effect on IL-6 or fetal brain accumulation of P-gp substrate was observed. CONCLUSION Viral infection modeled by PolyI:C causes acute increases in fetal brain accumulation of P-gp substrates and by doing so, may increase fetal brain exposure to xenobiotics and environmental toxins present in the maternal circulation.
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Zhao HW, Yue YH, Han H, Chen XL, Lu YG, Zheng JM, Hou HT, Lang XM, He LL, Hu QL, Dun ZQ. Effect of toll-like receptor 3 agonist poly I:C on intestinal mucosa and epithelial barrier function in mouse models of acute colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:999-1009. [PMID: 28246473 PMCID: PMC5311109 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i6.999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM
To investigate potential effects of poly I:C on mucosal injury and epithelial barrier disruption in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis.
METHODS
Thirty C57BL/6 mice were given either regular drinking water (control group) or 2% (w/v) DSS drinking water (model and poly I:C groups) ad libitum for 7 d. Poly I:C was administrated subcutaneously (20 μg/mouse) 2 h prior to DSS induction in mice of the poly I:C group. Severity of colitis was evaluated by disease activity index, body weight, colon length, histology and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, as well as the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 17 (IL-17) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Intestinal permeability was analyzed by the fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled-dextran (FITC-D) method. Ultrastructural features of the colon tissue were observed under electron microscopy. Expressions of tight junction (TJ) proteins, including zo-1, occludin and claudin-1, were measured by immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence, Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).
RESULTS
DSS caused significant damage to the colon tissue in the model group. Administration of poly I:C dramatically protected against DSS-induced colitis, as demonstrated by less body weight loss, lower disease activity index score, longer colon length, colonic MPO activity, and improved macroscopic and histological scores. It also ameliorated DSS-induced ultrastructural changes of the colon epithelium, as observed under scanning electron microscopy, as well as FITC-D permeability. The mRNA and protein expressions of TJ protein, zo-1, occludin and claudin-1 were also found to be significantly enhanced in the poly I:C group, as determined by immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence, Western blot and RT-qPCR. By contrast, poly I:C pretreatment markedly reversed the DSS-induced up-regulated expressions of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-17 and IFN-γ.
CONCLUSION
Our study suggested that poly I:C may protect against DSS-induced colitis through maintaining integrity of the epithelial barrier and regulating innate immune responses, which may shed light on the therapeutic potential of poly I:C in human colitis.
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Konduru K, Shurtleff AC, Bradfute SB, Nakamura S, Bavari S, Kaplan G. Ebolavirus Glycoprotein Fc Fusion Protein Protects Guinea Pigs against Lethal Challenge. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162446. [PMID: 27622456 PMCID: PMC5021345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV), a member of the Filoviridae that can cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates, poses a significant threat to the public health. Currently, there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics to prevent and treat EBOV infection. Several vaccines based on the EBOV glycoprotein (GP) are under development, including vectored, virus-like particles, and protein-based subunit vaccines. We previously demonstrated that a subunit vaccine containing the extracellular domain of the Ebola ebolavirus (EBOV) GP fused to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 (EBOVgp-Fc) protected mice against EBOV lethal challenge. Here, we show that the EBOVgp-Fc vaccine formulated with QS-21, alum, or polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-poly-L-lysine carboxymethylcellulose (poly-ICLC) adjuvants induced strong humoral immune responses in guinea pigs. The vaccinated animals developed anti-GP total antibody titers of approximately 105−106 and neutralizing antibody titers of approximately 103 as assessed by a BSL-2 neutralization assay based on vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotypes. The poly-ICLC formulated EBOVgp-Fc vaccine protected all the guinea pigs against EBOV lethal challenge performed under BSL-4 conditions whereas the same vaccine formulated with QS-21 or alum only induced partial protection. Vaccination with a mucin-deleted EBOVgp-Fc construct formulated with QS-21 adjuvant did not have a significant effect in anti-GP antibody levels and protection against EBOV lethal challenge compared to the full-length GP construct. The bulk of the humoral response induced by the EBOVgp-Fc vaccine was directed against epitopes outside the EBOV mucin region. Our findings indicate that different adjuvants can eliciting varying levels of protection against lethal EBOV challenge in guinea pigs vaccinated with EBOVgp-Fc, and suggest that levels of total anti-GP antibodies elicit by protein-based GP subunit vaccines do not correlate with protection. Our data further support the development of Fc fusions of GP as a candidate vaccine for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamurthy Konduru
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Amy C. Shurtleff
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, United States of America
| | - Steven B. Bradfute
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, United States of America
| | - Siham Nakamura
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States of America
| | - Sina Bavari
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, United States of America
| | - Gerardo Kaplan
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States of America
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Aravantinou M, Frank I, Hallor M, Singer R, Tharinger H, Kenney J, Gettie A, Grasperge B, Blanchard J, Salazar A, Piatak M, Lifson JD, Robbiani M, Derby N. PolyICLC Exerts Pro- and Anti-HIV Effects on the DC-T Cell Milieu In Vitro and In Vivo. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161730. [PMID: 27603520 PMCID: PMC5014349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) contribute to both HIV pathogenesis and elicitation of antiviral immunity. Understanding how mDC responses to stimuli shape HIV infection outcomes will inform HIV prevention and treatment strategies. The long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viral mimic, polyinosinic polycytidylic acid (polyIC, PIC) potently stimulates DCs to focus Th1 responses, triggers direct antiviral activity in vitro, and boosts anti-HIV responses in vivo. Stabilized polyICLC (PICLC) is being developed for vaccine adjuvant applications in humans, making it critical to understand how mDC sensing of PICLC influences HIV infection. Using the monocyte-derived DC (moDC) model, we sought to describe how PICLC (vs. other dsRNAs) impacts HIV infection within DCs and DC-T cell mixtures. We extended this work to in vivo macaque rectal transmission studies by administering PICLC with or before rectal SIVmac239 (SIVwt) or SIVmac239ΔNef (SIVΔNef) challenge. Like PIC, PICLC activated DCs and T cells, increased expression of α4β7 and CD169, and induced type I IFN responses in vitro. The type of dsRNA and timing of dsRNA exposure differentially impacted in vitro DC-driven HIV infection. Rectal PICLC treatment similarly induced DC and T cell activation and pro- and anti-HIV factors locally and systemically. Importantly, this did not enhance SIV transmission in vivo. Instead, SIV acquisition was marginally reduced after a single high dose challenge. Interestingly, in the PICLC-treated, SIVΔNef-infected animals, SIVΔNef viremia was higher, in line with the importance of DC and T cell activation in SIVΔNef replication. In the right combination anti-HIV strategy, PICLC has the potential to limit HIV infection and boost HIV immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meropi Aravantinou
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ines Frank
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Magnus Hallor
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, United States of America
- Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Rachel Singer
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Hugo Tharinger
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Jessica Kenney
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Agegnehu Gettie
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Brooke Grasperge
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, Covington, LA, United States of America
| | - James Blanchard
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, Covington, LA, United States of America
| | | | - Michael Piatak
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey D. Lifson
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Melissa Robbiani
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Nina Derby
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Pollack IF, Jakacki RI, Butterfield LH, Hamilton RL, Panigrahy A, Normolle DP, Connelly AK, Dibridge S, Mason G, Whiteside TL, Okada H. Immune responses and outcome after vaccination with glioma-associated antigen peptides and poly-ICLC in a pilot study for pediatric recurrent low-grade gliomas. Neuro Oncol 2016; 18:1157-68. [PMID: 26984745 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are the most common brain tumors of childhood. Although surgical resection is curative for well-circumscribed superficial lesions, tumors that are infiltrative or arise from deep structures are therapeutically challenging, and new treatment approaches are needed. Having identified a panel of glioma-associated antigens (GAAs) overexpressed in these tumors, we initiated a pilot trial of vaccinations with peptides for GAA epitopes in human leukocyte antigen-A2+ children with recurrent LGG that had progressed after at least 2 prior regimens. METHODS Peptide epitopes for 3 GAAs (EphA2, IL-13Rα2, and survivin) were emulsified in Montanide-ISA-51 and administered subcutaneously adjacent to intramuscular injections of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized by lysine and carboxymethylcellulose every 3 weeks for 8 courses, followed by booster vaccines every 6 weeks. Primary endpoints were safety and T-lymphocyte responses against GAA epitopes. Treatment response was evaluated clinically and by MRI. RESULTS Fourteen children were enrolled. Other than grade 3 urticaria in one child, no regimen-limiting toxicity was encountered. Vaccination induced immunoreactivity to at least one vaccine-targeted GAA in all 12 evaluable patients: to IL-13Rα2 in 3, EphA2 in 11, and survivin in 3. One child with a metastatic LGG had asymptomatic pseudoprogression noted 6 weeks after starting vaccination, followed by dramatic disease regression with >75% shrinkage of primary tumor and regression of metastatic disease, persisting >57 months. Three other children had sustained partial responses, lasting >10, >31, and >45 months, and one had a transient response. CONCLUSIONS GAA peptide vaccination in children with recurrent LGGs is generally well tolerated, with preliminary evidence of immunological and clinical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian F Pollack
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., H.O.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.I.J., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.L.H., T.L.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B.), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., H.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.), Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., T.L.W.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., A.P., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., L.H.B., R.L.H., D.P.N., G.M., T.L.W., H.O.); Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (D.P.N.); Department of Neurosurgery, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, San Francisco, California (H.O.)
| | - Regina I Jakacki
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., H.O.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.I.J., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.L.H., T.L.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B.), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., H.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.), Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., T.L.W.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., A.P., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., L.H.B., R.L.H., D.P.N., G.M., T.L.W., H.O.); Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (D.P.N.); Department of Neurosurgery, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, San Francisco, California (H.O.)
| | - Lisa H Butterfield
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., H.O.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.I.J., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.L.H., T.L.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B.), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., H.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.), Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., T.L.W.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., A.P., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., L.H.B., R.L.H., D.P.N., G.M., T.L.W., H.O.); Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (D.P.N.); Department of Neurosurgery, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, San Francisco, California (H.O.)
| | - Ronald L Hamilton
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., H.O.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.I.J., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.L.H., T.L.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B.), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., H.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.), Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., T.L.W.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., A.P., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., L.H.B., R.L.H., D.P.N., G.M., T.L.W., H.O.); Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (D.P.N.); Department of Neurosurgery, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, San Francisco, California (H.O.)
| | - Ashok Panigrahy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., H.O.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.I.J., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.L.H., T.L.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B.), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., H.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.), Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., T.L.W.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., A.P., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., L.H.B., R.L.H., D.P.N., G.M., T.L.W., H.O.); Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (D.P.N.); Department of Neurosurgery, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, San Francisco, California (H.O.)
| | - Daniel P Normolle
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., H.O.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.I.J., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.L.H., T.L.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B.), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., H.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.), Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., T.L.W.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., A.P., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., L.H.B., R.L.H., D.P.N., G.M., T.L.W., H.O.); Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (D.P.N.); Department of Neurosurgery, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, San Francisco, California (H.O.)
| | - Angela K Connelly
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., H.O.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.I.J., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.L.H., T.L.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B.), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., H.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.), Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., T.L.W.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., A.P., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., L.H.B., R.L.H., D.P.N., G.M., T.L.W., H.O.); Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (D.P.N.); Department of Neurosurgery, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, San Francisco, California (H.O.)
| | - Sharon Dibridge
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., H.O.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.I.J., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.L.H., T.L.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B.), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., H.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.), Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., T.L.W.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., A.P., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., L.H.B., R.L.H., D.P.N., G.M., T.L.W., H.O.); Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (D.P.N.); Department of Neurosurgery, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, San Francisco, California (H.O.)
| | - Gary Mason
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., H.O.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.I.J., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.L.H., T.L.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B.), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., H.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.), Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., T.L.W.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., A.P., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., L.H.B., R.L.H., D.P.N., G.M., T.L.W., H.O.); Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (D.P.N.); Department of Neurosurgery, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, San Francisco, California (H.O.)
| | - Theresa L Whiteside
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., H.O.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.I.J., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.L.H., T.L.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B.), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., H.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.), Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., T.L.W.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., A.P., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., L.H.B., R.L.H., D.P.N., G.M., T.L.W., H.O.); Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (D.P.N.); Department of Neurosurgery, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, San Francisco, California (H.O.)
| | - Hideho Okada
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., H.O.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.I.J., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (R.L.H., T.L.W.); Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B.), Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., H.O.), Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.), Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.B., T.L.W.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., A.P., A.K.C., S.D., G.M.); University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P., R.I.J., L.H.B., R.L.H., D.P.N., G.M., T.L.W., H.O.); Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (D.P.N.); Department of Neurosurgery, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, San Francisco, California (H.O.)
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Tarabichi Y, Li K, Hu S, Nguyen C, Wang X, Elashoff D, Saira K, Frank B, Bihan M, Ghedin E, Methé BA, Deng JC. The administration of intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine induces changes in the nasal microbiota and nasal epithelium gene expression profiles. Microbiome 2015; 3:74. [PMID: 26667497 PMCID: PMC4678663 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-015-0133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral infections such as influenza have been shown to predispose hosts to increased colonization of the respiratory tract by pathogenic bacteria and secondary bacterial pneumonia. To examine how viral infections and host antiviral immune responses alter the upper respiratory microbiota, we analyzed nasal bacterial composition by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing in healthy adults at baseline and at 1 to 2 weeks and 4 to 6 weeks following instillation of live attenuated influenza vaccine or intranasal sterile saline. A subset of these samples was submitted for microarray host gene expression profiling. RESULTS We found that live attenuated influenza vaccination led to significant changes in microbial community structure, diversity, and core taxonomic membership as well as increases in the relative abundances of Staphylococcus and Bacteroides genera (both p < 0.05). Hypergeometric testing for the enrichment of gene ontology terms in the vaccinated group reflected a robust up-regulation of type I and type II interferon-stimulated genes in the vaccinated group relative to controls. Translational murine studies showed that poly I:C administration did in fact permit greater nasal Staphylococcus aureus persistence, a response absent in interferon alpha/beta receptor deficient mice. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings demonstrate that although the human nasal bacterial community is heterogeneous and typically individually robust, activation of a type I interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral response may foster the disproportionate emergence of potentially pathogenic species such as S. aureus. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov on 11/3/15, NCT02597647 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tarabichi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen SOM at UCLA, 37-131 CHS, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - K Li
- Department of Human Genome Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
- Department of Microbial and Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter Institute, 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - S Hu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen SOM at UCLA, 37-131 CHS, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - C Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - X Wang
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - D Elashoff
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - K Saira
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Present address: Infectious Disease Research, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Bryan Frank
- Department of Human Genome Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
- Department of Microbial and Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter Institute, 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Monika Bihan
- Department of Human Genome Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
- Department of Microbial and Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter Institute, 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - E Ghedin
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Global Institute of Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Barbara A Methé
- Department of Human Genome Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
- Department of Microbial and Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter Institute, 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Jane C Deng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen SOM at UCLA, 37-131 CHS, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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Semple F, MacPherson H, Webb S, Kilanowski F, Lettice L, McGlasson SL, Wheeler AP, Chen V, Millhauser GL, Melrose L, Davidson DJ, Dorin JR. Human β-Defensin 3 [corrected] Exacerbates MDA5 but Suppresses TLR3 Responses to the Viral Molecular Pattern Mimic Polyinosinic:Polycytidylic Acid. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005673. [PMID: 26646717 PMCID: PMC4672878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human β-defensin 3 (hBD3) is a cationic host defence peptide and is part of the innate immune response. HBD3 is present on a highly copy number variable block of six β-defensin genes, and increased copy number is associated with the autoimmune disease psoriasis. It is not known how this increase influences disease development, but psoriasis is a T cell-mediated disease and activation of the innate immune system is required for the initial trigger that leads to the amplification stage. We investigated the effect of hBD3 on the response of primary macrophages to various TLR agonists. HBD3 exacerbated the production of type I Interferon-β in response to the viral ligand mimic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (polyI:C) in both human and mouse primary cells, although production of the chemokine CXCL10 was suppressed. Compared to polyI:C alone, mice injected with both hBD3 peptide and polyI:C also showed an enhanced increase in Interferon-β. Mice expressing a transgene encoding hBD3 had elevated basal levels of Interferon-β, and challenge with polyI:C further increased this response. HBD3 peptide increased uptake of polyI:C by macrophages, however the cellular response and localisation of polyI:C in cells treated contemporaneously with hBD3 or cationic liposome differed. Immunohistochemistry showed that hBD3 and polyI:C do not co-localise, but in the presence of hBD3 less polyI:C localises to the early endosome. Using bone marrow derived macrophages from knockout mice we demonstrate that hBD3 suppresses the polyI:C-induced TLR3 response mediated by TICAM1 (TRIF), while exacerbating the cytoplasmic response through MDA5 (IFIH1) and MAVS (IPS1/CARDIF). Thus, hBD3, a highly copy number variable gene in human, influences cellular responses to the viral mimic polyI:C implying that copy number may have a significant phenotypic effect on the response to viral infection and development of autoimmunity in humans. Defensins are classically known as antimicrobial peptides due to their ability to rapidly kill pathogens including bacteria, viruses and fungi. They are produced in the presence of infectious agents at body surfaces exposed to the environment. Increasingly, their functional repertoire is expanding, and they have been shown to modulate the immune system. In humans, there is a block of six β-defensin genes that varies in copy number in the population. Individuals with an increased number of β-defensin genes have an increased likelihood of developing the skin autoimmune disease psoriasis. It is not known how this increase in gene copy number influences development of the disease, and psoriasis is a complex interplay of genomic and environmental factors that trigger disease progression and include exposure to viruses. We examined whether a molecular pattern characteristic of viruses produces an altered immune response in the presence of the defensin human β-defensin 3 (hBD3). We find that hBD3 triggers a larger interferon defence response to this viral mimic by increasing accessibility to a cellular receptor that recognises viral patterns. Interferon is known to be important in autoimmunity and our work may explain why individuals with increased β-defensin number are predisposed to develop psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Semple
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute (QMRI), Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (IGMM), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Heather MacPherson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (IGMM), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila Webb
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (IGMM), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Kilanowski
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (IGMM), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Lettice
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (IGMM), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah L. McGlasson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (IGMM), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ann P. Wheeler
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (IGMM), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Glenn L. Millhauser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Lauren Melrose
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute (QMRI), Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Donald J. Davidson
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute (QMRI), Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Julia R. Dorin
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute (QMRI), Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (IGMM), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Lin JY, Hu GB, Liu DH, Li S, Liu QM, Zhang SC. Molecular cloning and expression analysis of interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) in turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2015; 45:895-900. [PMID: 26095010 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) is strongly induced in many cell types by double-stranded RNA (polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid, poly I:C) and viral infection. In this study, we described the nucleotide, mRNA tissue distribution and regulation of an ISG15 gene from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (SmISG15). SmISG15 gene is 862 bp in length, composed of two exons and one intron, and encodes 158 amino acids. The deduced protein exhibits the highest homology (44.7-71.2% identity) with ISG15s from other fishes and possesses two conserved tandem ubiquitin-like (UBL) domains and a C-terminal RLRGG conjugating motif known to be important for the functions of ISG15s in vertebrates. Phylogenetic analysis grouped SmISG15 into fish ISG15. SmISG15 mRNA was constitutively expressed in all tissues examined, with higher levels observed in immune organs. Gene expression analysis was performed for SmISG15 in the spleen, head kidney, gills and muscle of turbots challenged with poly I:C or turbot reddish body iridovirus (TRBIV) over a 7-day time course. The result showed that SmISG15 was upregulated by both stimuli in all four tissues, with induction by poly I:C apparently stronger and initiated more quickly. A two-wave induced expression of SmISG15 was seen in the spleen, head kidney and gills, suggesting an induction of SmISG15 either by IFN-dependent or -independent pathway. These results provide insights into the roles of fish ISG15 in antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yun Lin
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Guo-Bin Hu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Da-Hai Liu
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Song Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qiu-Ming Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shi-Cui Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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40
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Thanasaksiri K, Hirono I, Kondo H. Temperature-dependent regulation of gene expression in poly (I:C)-treated Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2015; 45:835-840. [PMID: 26052011 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression profiling of poly (I:C)-treated Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, under different temperatures was investigated using microarray analysis. The response was analyzed in spleen tissue at 3 and 24 h post injection (hpi) at 15 °C and 25 °C. A large number of genes in fish treated with poly (I:C) at 25 °C were expressed at 3 hpi, whereas the expression profiles at 24 hpi appeared to be similar to those of the controls. Cluster analysis of the different expression profiles showed three distinct groups of up-regulated genes in fish reared at 15 °C. These were early (3 hpi), early-to-late (3 and 24 hpi), and late (24 hpi) up-regulated genes. These genes included type I IFN-related genes and inflammatory genes. Among the up-regulated genes, most of the type I IFN-related genes played early-to-late- and late-responding genes at 15 °C but early-responding genes at 25 °C. Thus, several up-regulated genes in these groups from the microarray result were further verified by qPCR. These results indicate that the type I IFN gene expressions of P. olivaceus treated with poly (I:C) can be regulated in a temperature-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittipong Thanasaksiri
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Ikuo Hirono
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kondo
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
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41
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Gorskaya YF, Grabko VI, Konopleva MV, Suslov AP, Nesterenko VG. Effects of Kagocel® on the Counts of Multipotent Stromal Cells, Expression of Cytokine Genes in Primary Cultures of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells, and Serum Cytokine Concentrations in CBA Mice. Bull Exp Biol Med 2015; 159:240-4. [PMID: 26087752 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-015-2932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The efficiency of cloning of bone marrow multipotent stromal cells (ECF-MSC) from CBA mice and the MSC counts in the femoral bone increased 24 h after a single in vivo (but not in vitro) injection of kagocel (active substance of antiviral drug Kagocel (®) ) 1.4 times (in response to 50-80 μg) and 4.6 times (in response to 250 μg). The maximum increase of ECF-MSC in response to 50 μg per mouse was detected just 1 h after Kagocel injection to intact mice and to mice previously receiving the drug for 3 days (2 and 1.7 times, respectively). The increase of ECF-MSC was 3-fold less intense in response to oral Kagocel in a dose of 250 μg/mouse vs. intraperitoneal Kagocel, ECF-MSC corresponding to its level in response to oral Poly (I:C). In vivo Kagocel led to emergence of proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-8 mRNA in primary cultures of bone marrow stromal cells. Serum concentrations of IL-2, IL-5, IL-10, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-12 increased 1.5 and 2 times just 1 h after Kagocel injection in doses of 30-50 and 250 μg, respectively, to intact mice and to animals previously treated with the drug for 3 days. The cytokine concentrations normalized after 3 h and increased again after 24 h, though did not reach the levels recorded 1 h after the drug injection. These data indicated that the therapeutic and preventive effects of Kagocel, together with its previously demonstrated stimulation of α- and β-interferon production during several days, could be due to the capacity of this drug to increase the bone marrow ECF-MSC, serum cytokine concentrations, and induce the expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes in the bone marrow stromal cells 1 h after its injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu F Gorskaya
- Laboratory of Immunity Regulation, Laboratory of Bioactive Nanostructures, and Laboratory of Immunity Mediators and Effectors, N. F. Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia,
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42
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Bela-ong DB, Schyth BD, Zou J, Secombes CJ, Lorenzen N. Involvement of two microRNAs in the early immune response to DNA vaccination against a fish rhabdovirus. Vaccine 2015; 33:3215-22. [PMID: 25957662 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms that account for the high protective efficacy in teleost fish of a DNA vaccine expressing the glycoprotein (G) of Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) are thought to involve early innate immune responses mediated by interferons (IFNs). Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are a diverse class of small (18-22 nucleotides) endogenous RNAs that potently mediate post-transcriptional silencing of a wide range of genes and are emerging as critical regulators of cellular processes, including immune responses. We have recently reported that miR-462 and miR-731 were strongly induced in rainbow trout infected with VHSV. In this study, we analyzed the expression of these miRNAs in fish following administration of the DNA vaccine and their potential functions. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed the increased levels of miR-462, and miR-731 in the skeletal muscle tissue at the site of vaccine administration and in the liver of vaccinated fish relative to empty plasmid backbone-injected controls. The increased expression of these miRNAs in the skeletal muscle correlated with the increased levels of the type I interferon (IFN)-inducible gene Mx, type I IFN and IFN-γ genes at the vaccination site. Intramuscular injection of fish with either type I IFN or IFN-γ plasmid construct resulted in the upregulation of miR-462 and miR-731 at the site of injection, suggesting that the induction of these miRNAs is elicited by IFNs. To analyze the function of miR-462 and miR-731, specific silencing of these miRNAs using anti-miRNA oligonucleotides was conducted in poly I:C-treated rainbow trout fingerlings. Following VHSV challenge, anti-miRNA-injected fish had faster development of disease and higher mortalities than control fish, indicating that miR-462/731 may be involved in IFN-mediated protection conferred by poly I:C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Berbulla Bela-ong
- Fish Health Section, Department of Animal Science, University of Aarhus, Hangøvej 2, DK-8200 Århus N, Denmark; Section for Immunology and Vaccinology, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Bulowsvej 27, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Brian Dall Schyth
- Section for Immunology and Vaccinology, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Bulowsvej 27, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jun Zou
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Niels Lorenzen
- Fish Health Section, Department of Animal Science, University of Aarhus, Hangøvej 2, DK-8200 Århus N, Denmark.
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Umasuthan N, Bathige SDNK, Whang I, Lim BS, Choi CY, Lee J. Insights into molecular profiles and genomic evolution of an IRAK4 homolog from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus): immunogen- and pathogen-induced transcriptional expression. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2015; 43:436-448. [PMID: 25555811 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
As a pivotal signaling mediator of toll-like receptor (TLR) and interleukin (IL)-1 receptor (IL-1R) signaling cascades, the IL-1R-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) is engaged in the activation of host immunity. This study investigates the molecular and expressional profiles of an IRAK4-like homolog from Oplegnathus fasciatus (OfIRAK4). The OfIRAK4 gene (8.2 kb) was structured with eleven exons and ten introns. A putative coding sequence (1395bp) was translated to the OfIRAK protein of 464 amino acids. The deduced OfIRAK4 protein featured a bipartite domain structure composed of a death domain (DD) and a kinase domain (PKc). Teleost IRAK4 appears to be distinct and divergent from that of tetrapods in terms of its exon-intron structure and evolutionary relatedness. Analysis of the sequence upstream of translation initiation site revealed the presence of putative regulatory elements, including NF-κB-binding sites, which are possibly involved in transcriptional control of OfIRAK4. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was employed to assess the transcriptional expression of OfIRAK4 in different juvenile tissues and post-injection of different immunogens and pathogens. Ubiquitous basal mRNA expression was widely detected with highest level in liver. In vivo flagellin (FLA) challenge significantly intensified its mRNA levels in intestine, liver and head kidney indicating its role in FLA-induced signaling. Meanwhile, up-regulated expression was also determined in liver and head kidney of animals challenged with potent immunogens (LPS and poly I:C) and pathogens (Edwardsiella tarda and Streptococcus iniae and rock bream iridovirus (RBIV)). Taken together, these data implicate that OfIRAK4 might be engaged in antibacterial and antiviral immunity in rock bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navaneethaiyer Umasuthan
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - S D N K Bathige
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilson Whang
- Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Soo Lim
- Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Young Choi
- Division of Marine Environment and Bioscience, Korea Maritime University, Busan 606-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea.
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Wei J, Gao P, Zhang P, Guo M, Xu M, Wei S, Yan Y, Qin Q. Isolation and function analysis of apolipoprotein A-I gene response to virus infection in grouper. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2015; 43:396-404. [PMID: 25613342 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoproteins, synthesized mainly in liver and intestine and bounded to lipids, play important roles in lipid transport and uptake through the circulation system. In this study, an apolipoprotein A-I gene homologue was cloned from orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides (designed as Ec-ApoA-I) by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) PCR. The full-length cDNA of Ec-ApoA-I was comprised of 1278 bp with a 792 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encodes a putative protein of 264 amino acids. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed that Ec-ApoA-I was abundant in liver and intestine, and the expression in liver was significantly (P < 0.01) up-regulated after the stimulation of LPS, Poly(I:C), Vibrio alginolyticus, and Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV). Recombinant Ec-ApoA-I (rEc-ApoA-I) was produced in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) expression system exhibited bacteriolyticactivity against Microcococcus lysodeikticus and Aeromonas hydrophila. Intracellular localization revealed that Ec-ApoA-I distributed in both cytoplasm and nucleus, and predominantly in the cytoplasm. Overexpression of Ec-ApoA-I in grouper Brain (GB) cells could inhibit the replication of SGIV. These results together indicated that Ec-ApoA-I perhaps is involved in the responses to bacterial and viral challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingguang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China
| | - Pin Gao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Exploitation of Tropical Biotic Resources, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Teaching Center of Biology Experiment, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Minglan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China
| | - Meng Xu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Exploitation of Tropical Biotic Resources, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Shina Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China
| | - Yang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China.
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Smith GA, Rocha EM, Rooney T, Barneoud P, McLean JR, Beagan J, Osborn T, Coimbra M, Luo Y, Hallett PJ, Isacson O. A Nurr1 agonist causes neuroprotection in a Parkinson's disease lesion model primed with the toll-like receptor 3 dsRNA inflammatory stimulant poly(I:C). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121072. [PMID: 25815475 PMCID: PMC4376720 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) are characterized by the expression of genes required for dopamine synthesis, handling and reuptake and the expression of these genes is largely controlled by nuclear receptor related 1 (Nurr1). Nurr1 is also expressed in astrocytes and microglia where it functions to mitigate the release of proinflammatory cytokines and neurotoxic factors. Given that Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis has been linked to both loss of Nurr1 expression in the SNpc and inflammation, increasing levels of Nurr1 maybe a promising therapeutic strategy. In this study a novel Nurr1 agonist, SA00025, was tested for both its efficiency to induce the transcription of dopaminergic target genes in vivo and prevent dopaminergic neuron degeneration in an inflammation exacerbated 6-OHDA-lesion model of PD. SA00025 (30mg/kg p.o.) entered the brain and modulated the expression of the dopaminergic phenotype genes TH, VMAT, DAT, AADC and the GDNF receptor gene c-Ret in the SN of naive rats. Daily gavage treatment with SA00025 (30mg/kg) for 32 days also induced partial neuroprotection of dopaminergic neurons and fibers in rats administered a priming injection of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C) and subsequent injection of 6-OHDA. The neuroprotective effects of SA00025 in this dopamine neuron degeneration model were associated with changes in microglial morphology indicative of a resting state and a decrease in microglial specific IBA-1 staining intensity in the SNpc. Astrocyte specific GFAP staining intensity and IL-6 levels were also reduced. We conclude that Nurr1 agonist treatment causes neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in an inflammation exacerbated 6-OHDA lesion model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaynor A. Smith
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Emily M. Rocha
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Thomas Rooney
- Sanofi, Neurodegeneration and Pain Unit, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | - Pascal Barneoud
- Sanofi, Neurodegeneration and Pain Unit, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | - Jesse R. McLean
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Beagan
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Teresia Osborn
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Madeleine Coimbra
- Sanofi, Disposition, Safety & Animal Research, Department 1, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | - Yongyi Luo
- Sanofi-Genzyme, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Department, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Penelope J. Hallett
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (OI); (PJH)
| | - Ole Isacson
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (OI); (PJH)
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46
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Israely T, Melamed S, Achdout H, Erez N, Politi B, Waner T, Lustig S, Paran N. TLR3 and TLR9 agonists improve postexposure vaccination efficacy of live smallpox vaccines. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110545. [PMID: 25350003 PMCID: PMC4211728 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Eradication of smallpox and discontinuation of the vaccination campaign resulted in an increase in the percentage of unvaccinated individuals, highlighting the need for postexposure efficient countermeasures in case of accidental or deliberate viral release. Intranasal infection of mice with ectromelia virus (ECTV), a model for human smallpox, is curable by vaccination with a high vaccine dose given up to 3 days postexposure. To further extend this protective window and to reduce morbidity, mice were vaccinated postexposure with Vaccinia-Lister, the conventional smallpox vaccine or Modified Vaccinia Ankara, a highly attenuated vaccine in conjunction with TLR3 or TLR9 agonists. We show that co-administration of the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) even 5 days postexposure conferred protection, avoiding the need to increase the vaccination dose. Efficacious treatments prevented death, ameliorated disease symptoms, reduced viral load and maintained tissue integrity of target organs. Protection was associated with significant elevation of serum IFNα and anti-vaccinia IgM antibodies, modulation of IFNγ response, and balanced activation of NK and T cells. TLR9 agonists (CpG ODNs) were less protective than the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C). We show that activation of type 1 IFN by poly(I:C) and protection is achievable even without co-vaccination, requiring sufficient amount of the viral antigens of the infective agent or the vaccine. This study demonstrated the therapeutic potential of postexposure immune modulation by TLR activation, allowing to alleviate the disease symptoms and to further extend the protective window of postexposure vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Israely
- Department of Infectious diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Sharon Melamed
- Department of Infectious diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Hagit Achdout
- Department of Infectious diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Noam Erez
- Department of Infectious diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Boaz Politi
- Department of Infectious diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Trevor Waner
- Department of Infectious diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Shlomo Lustig
- Department of Infectious diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Nir Paran
- Department of Infectious diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
- * E-mail:
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47
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Zhang Y, Lin A, Sui Q, Zhang C, Tian Z, Zhang J. Phosphorothioate modification of the TLR9 ligand CpG ODN inhibits poly(I:C)-induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma by entry blockade. Cancer Lett 2014; 355:76-84. [PMID: 25224571 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in the innate immune response and subsequent induction of adaptive immune responses. Recently, it has been noted that TLRs on tumor cells are involved in tumor development, and several TLR agonists, such as the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) and the TLR9 agonist CpG ODN, are being developed as vaccine adjuvants and cancer immunotherapeutics. In this study, we investigated whether combining poly(I:C) with a TLR9 agonist CpG ODN would result in a stronger anti-tumor effect on hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCCs). Surprisingly, we found that simultaneous transfection of poly(I:C) and ODN M362 exhibited a lower pro-apoptotic effect on HCCs than transfection with poly(I:C) alone. Simultaneous co-transfection was accompanied by down-regulation of poly(I:C)-related innate receptors, pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic genes induced by poly(I:C), indicating that ODN M362 blocked the activation of poly(I:C)-triggered intrinsic immune responses and cellular apoptosis. Further studies indicated that these effects were partly due to the phosphorothioate-modification of CpG ODN, which blocked the entry of poly(I:C) into tumor cells. This entry blockade was avoided by administering poly(I:C) after CpG ODN. Moreover, poly(I:C)-mediated pro-apoptotic effects were enhanced in vitro and in vivo by pre-treating HCC cells with CpG ODN. Our findings thus suggest that when combining poly(I:C) and CpG ODN for cancer therapy, these agents should be used in an alternating rather than simultaneous manner to avoid the blocking effect of phosphorothioate-modified TLR9 ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Zhang
- Institute of Immunopharmacology & Immunotherapy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, China
| | - Ang Lin
- Institute of Immunopharmacology & Immunotherapy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, China
| | - Qiangjun Sui
- Institute of Immunopharmacology & Immunotherapy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- Institute of Immunopharmacology & Immunotherapy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, China
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Institute of Immunopharmacology & Immunotherapy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Immunopharmacology & Immunotherapy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, China.
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48
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Pionnier N, Falco A, Miest JJ, Shrive AK, Hoole D. Feeding common carp Cyprinus carpio with β-glucan supplemented diet stimulates C-reactive protein and complement immune acute phase responses following PAMPs injection. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2014; 39:285-295. [PMID: 24830773 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of β-glucan as a feed additive on the serum and gene profile of C-reactive protein (CRP) and complement acute phase responses was ascertained in common carp Cyprinus carpio. In addition effects of subsequent intraperitoneal injections of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), i.e. LPS or poly(I:C), to mimic bacterial or viral infection respectively, were studied. Carp were first orally fed with β-glucan (MacroGard®) with a daily β-glucan intake of 6 mg per kg body weight or with control food for 25 days and then injected with PBS containing either LPS (4 mg/kg) or poly(I:C) (5 mg/kg) or PBS alone. Fish were sampled during the 25 days of the feeding period and up to 7 days post-PAMPs injections for serum and liver, head kidney and mid-gut tissues. Oral administration of β-glucan for 25 days significantly increased serum CRP levels and alternative complement activity (ACP). In addition, the subsequent LPS and poly(I:C) challenges significantly affected CRP and complement related gene expression profiles (crp1, crp2, c1r/s, bf/c2, c3 and masp2), with the greatest effects observed in the β-glucan fed fish. However, in fish fed β-glucan the PAMPs injections had less effects on CRP levels and complement activity in the serum than in control fed fish, suggesting that the 25 days of β-glucan immunostimulation was sufficient enough to reduce the effects of LPS and poly(I:C) injections. Results suggest that MacroGard® stimulated CRP and complement responses to PAMPs immunological challenges in common carp thus highlighting the beneficial β-glucan immunostimulant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Pionnier
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG Keele, United Kingdom.
| | - Alberto Falco
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG Keele, United Kingdom.
| | - Joanna J Miest
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG Keele, United Kingdom.
| | - Annette K Shrive
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG Keele, United Kingdom.
| | - Dave Hoole
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG Keele, United Kingdom.
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49
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Huang B, Huang WS, Nie P. Cloning and expression analyses of interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 3 and 7 genes in European eel, Anguilla anguilla with the identification of genes involved in IFN production. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2014; 37:239-247. [PMID: 24565894 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 3 and IRF7 have been identified as regulators of type I interferon (IFN) gene expression in mammals. In the present study, the two genes were cloned and characterized in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla. The full-length cDNA sequence of IRF3 and IRF7 in the European eel, named as AaIRF3 and AaIRF7 consists of 2879 and 2419 bp respectively. Multiple alignments showed that the two IRFs have a highly conserved DNA binding domain (DBD) in the N terminus, with the characteristic motif containing five tryptophan residues, which is a feature present in their mammalian homologues. But, IRF7 has only four of the five residues in other species of fish. The expression of AaIRF3 and AaIRF7 both displayed an obvious dose-dependent manner following polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C) challenge. In vivo expression analysis showed that the mRNA level of AaIRF3 and AaIRF7 was significantly up-regulated in response to PolyI:C stimulation in all examined tissues/organs except in muscle, with a lower level of increase observed in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge and Edwardsiella tarda infection, indicating that AaIRF3 and AaIRF7 may be more likely involved in antiviral immune response. In addition, some pattern recognition receptors genes related with the production of type I IFNs and those genes in response to type I IFNs were identified in the European eel genome database, indicating a relatively conserved system in the production of type I IFN and its signalling in the European eel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Huang
- College of Fisheries, Jimei University, 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361021, China
| | - Wen Shu Huang
- College of Fisheries, Jimei University, 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361021, China
| | - P Nie
- College of Fisheries, Jimei University, 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361021, China.
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50
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Bald T, Landsberg J, Lopez-Ramos D, Renn M, Glodde N, Jansen P, Gaffal E, Steitz J, Tolba R, Kalinke U, Limmer A, Jönsson G, Hölzel M, Tüting T. Immune cell-poor melanomas benefit from PD-1 blockade after targeted type I IFN activation. Cancer Discov 2014; 4:674-87. [PMID: 24589924 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-13-0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Infiltration of human melanomas with cytotoxic immune cells correlates with spontaneous type I IFN activation and a favorable prognosis. Therapeutic blockade of immune-inhibitory receptors in patients with preexisting lymphocytic infiltrates prolongs survival, but new complementary strategies are needed to activate cellular antitumor immunity in immune cell-poor melanomas. Here, we show that primary melanomas in Hgf-Cdk4(R24C) mice, which imitate human immune cell-poor melanomas with a poor outcome, escape IFN-induced immune surveillance and editing. Peritumoral injections of immunostimulatory RNA initiated a cytotoxic inflammatory response in the tumor microenvironment and significantly impaired tumor growth. This critically required the coordinated induction of type I IFN responses by dendritic, myeloid, natural killer, and T cells. Importantly, antibody-mediated blockade of the IFN-induced immune-inhibitory interaction between PD-L1 and PD-1 receptors further prolonged the survival. These results highlight important interconnections between type I IFNs and immune-inhibitory receptors in melanoma pathogenesis, which serve as targets for combination immunotherapies. SIGNIFICANCE Using a genetically engineered mouse melanoma model, we demonstrate that targeted activation of the type I IFN system with immunostimulatory RNA in combination with blockade of immune-inhibitory receptors is a rational strategy to expose immune cell-poor tumors to cellular immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bald
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jennifer Landsberg
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Dorys Lopez-Ramos
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marcel Renn
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nicole Glodde
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Philipp Jansen
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Evelyn Gaffal
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Julia Steitz
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rene Tolba
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Limmer
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Göran Jönsson
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Michael Hölzel
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Tüting
- Authors' Affiliations:Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Unit for RNA Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen; Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany; and Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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