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Martins GC, de Ferreira Reis FA, Dall'Agnol R, Ramos SJ, Gastauer M, Natal-da-Luz T, Sousa JP, Guilherme LRG. Assessment of the reproduction of six collembolan species in tropical soils naturally rich in potentially toxic elements. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:25424-25436. [PMID: 38472582 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32847-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Laboratory ecotoxicological tests are important tools for the management of environmental changes derived from anthropogenic activities. Folsomia candida is usually the model species used in some procedures. However, this species may not be sufficiently representative of the sensitivity of the other collembolan species. This study aimed to evaluate (i) the effects of soils naturally rich in potentially toxic elements (PTE) and soil characteristics on the reproduction and survival of different collembolan species, (ii) whether the habitat function of these soils is compromised, and (iii) to what extent F. candida is representative of the other collembolan species. For this, reproduction tests with six collembolan species were conducted in 14 different samples of soils. In general, collembolan reproduction was not completely inhibited in none of the natural tested soils. Even soils with high pollution load index values did not negatively affect collembolan reproduction for most of the species. In contrast, the lowest collembolan reproduction rates were found in a visually dense soil (lowest volume/weight ratio), highlighting that soil attributes other than total PTE concentration also interfere in the reproduction of collembolans. Our results support the idea that the F. candida species might not be representative of other collembolan species and that laboratory tests to assess soil contaminations should be conducted using diverse collembolan species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Caixeta Martins
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale (ITV), Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Belém, PA, 66055-090, Brazil.
| | - Filipa Alexandra de Ferreira Reis
- CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology-Science for the People and the Planet, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Roberto Dall'Agnol
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale (ITV), Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Belém, PA, 66055-090, Brazil
| | - Sílvio Junio Ramos
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale (ITV), Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Belém, PA, 66055-090, Brazil
| | - Markus Gastauer
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale (ITV), Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Belém, PA, 66055-090, Brazil
| | - Tiago Natal-da-Luz
- CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology-Science for the People and the Planet, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Paulo Sousa
- CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology-Science for the People and the Planet, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
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Ren XY, Zheng YL, Liu ZL, Duan GL, Zhu D, Ding LJ. Exploring ecological effects of arsenic and cadmium combined exposure on cropland soil: from multilevel organisms to soil functioning by multi-omics coupled with high-throughput quantitative PCR. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133567. [PMID: 38271874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) pose potential ecological threats to cropland soils; however, few studies have investigated their combined effects on multilevel organisms and soil functioning. Here, we used collembolans and soil microbiota as test organisms to examine their responses to soil As and Cd co-contamination at the gene, individual, and community levels, respectively, and further uncovered ecological relationships between pollutants, multilevel organisms, and soil functioning. At the gene level, collembolan transcriptome revealed that elevated As concentrations stimulated As-detoxifying genes AS3MT and GST, whereas the concurrent Cd restrained GST gene expression. At the individual level, collembolan reproduction was sensitive to pollutants while collembolan survival wasn't. At the community level, significant but inconsistent correlations were observed between the biodiversity of different soil keystone microbial clusters and soil As levels. Moreover, soil functioning related to nutrient (e.g., carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur) cycles was inhibited under As and Cd co-exposure only through the mediation of plant pathogens. Overall, these findings suggested multilevel bioindicators (i.e., AS3MT gene expression in collembolans, collembolan reproduction, and biodiversity of soil keystone microbial clusters) in cropland soils co-contaminated with As and Cd, thus improving the understanding of the ecotoxicological impact of heavy metal co-contamination on soil ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-Ling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhe-Lun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gui-Lan Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China.
| | - Long-Jun Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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Lopes BCH, Amado EM, Oliveira-Neto MA, Zampaulo RDA, Zeppelini D. Multixenobiotic response of Collembola to soil contamination, the phisiological basis for bioindicative environmental monitoring. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140851. [PMID: 38072203 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Collembola are well-established models in ecotoxicological research, extensively employed to investigate the effects of various contaminants, including heavy metals. The Multixenobiotic Resistance Mechanism (MXR) is a physiological response based on transmembrane efflux proteins that play a pivotal role in pumping xenobiotics and conferring resistance. This mechanism is firmly established as a biomarker of aquatic contamination and has recently shown promise as a soil biomonitoring tool. In this study, we aimed to assess the feasibility of utilizing the MXR mechanism as a biomonitoring tool, specifically by investigating the response of two Collembola species exposed to soil contaminated in a real-life situation. Soil samples were obtained from the site of Brazil's largest mine disaster, a dam rupture in Brumadinho-MG. We explored MXR activity in the model species Folsomia candida and a tropical native species, Cyphoderus sp. Our findings reveal efflux activity in both species, confirmed by model MXR protein inhibitors. Moreover, we observed distinct MXR activity levels corresponding to the degree of heavy metal contamination in the soil samples. Consequently, our results underscore the potential of combining an established soil bioindicator, such as Collembola, with the physiological response of a molecular biomarker like MXR. This approach may represent a valuable strategy for biomonitoring terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Carolline Honório Lopes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia). Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza. Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; Laboratório de Sistemática de Collembola e Conservação. Instituto de Biologia de Solo. Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campus V, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e Sociais Aplicadas. Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campus V, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
| | - Enelise Marcelle Amado
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e Sociais Aplicadas. Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campus V, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Misael Augusto Oliveira-Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia). Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza. Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; Laboratório de Sistemática de Collembola e Conservação. Instituto de Biologia de Solo. Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campus V, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Douglas Zeppelini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia). Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza. Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; Laboratório de Sistemática de Collembola e Conservação. Instituto de Biologia de Solo. Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campus V, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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4
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Ge J, Slotsbo S, Sørensen JG, Holmstrup M. Copper-contaminated soil compromises thermal performance in the springtail Folsomia candida (Collembola). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 897:165334. [PMID: 37419362 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The widespread agricultural and industrial emissions of copper-based chemicals have increased copper levels in soils worldwide. Copper contamination can cause a range of toxic effects on soil animals and influence thermal tolerance. However, toxic effects are commonly investigated using simple endpoints (e.g., mortality) and acute tests. Thus, how organisms respond to ecological realistic sub-lethal and chronic exposures across the entire thermal scope of an organism is not known. In this study, we investigated the effects of copper exposure on the thermal performance of a springtail (Folsomia candida), regarding its survival, individual growth, population growth, and the composition of membrane phospholipid fatty acids. Folsomia candida (Collembola) is a typical representative of soil arthropods and a model organism that has been widely used for ecotoxicological studies. In a full-factorial soil microcosm experiment, springtails were exposed to three levels of copper (ca. 17 (control), 436, and 1629 mg/kg dry soil) and ten temperatures from 0 to 30 °C. Results showed that three-week copper exposure at temperatures below 15 °C and above 26 °C negatively influenced the springtail survival. The body growth was significantly lower for the springtails in high-dose copper soils at temperatures above 24 °C. A high copper level reduced the number of juveniles by 50 %, thereby impairing population growth. Both temperature and copper exposure significantly impacted membrane properties. Our results indicated that high-dose copper exposure compromised the tolerance to suboptimal temperatures and decreased maximal performance, whereas medium copper exposure partially reduced the performance at suboptimal temperatures. Overall, copper contamination reduced the thermal tolerance of springtails at suboptimal temperatures, probably by interfering with membrane homeoviscous adaptation. Our results show that soil organisms living in copper-contaminated areas might be more sensitive to thermally stressful periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ge
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Alle 8, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Stine Slotsbo
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Alle 8, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jesper G Sørensen
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114-116, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin Holmstrup
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Alle 8, Aarhus, Denmark
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5
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Martins MR, Zanatta MCK, Ferreira WG, Poletti ECC, Pires MSG. Ecotoxicological assessment of natural soil amended with sewage sludge: the impacts on soil edaphic organisms and microbial community. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1325. [PMID: 37845580 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge usage as agricultural soil amendment is a well-known practice employed worldwide. However, certain components may pose risks to the soil ecosystem. For a better verification of the potential adverse effects on the soil biota, biological assays have become an indispensable tool for an accurate understanding of the residue's behavior on soil, as well as its potential toxicity. Accordingly, to properly assess the effects of natural tropical soil (Oxisoil) amended with sewage sludge, we conducted toxicological tests with edaphic organisms (Enchytraeus crypticus and Folsomia candida) and microbial biomass (through respirometric assessment). Results indicate that E. crypticus and F. candida present similar reproduction sensitivity behavior to sewage sludge. For the microbiological analysis, the results suggest that microbial activity was stimulated by sludge application. For further evaluation of respiration of the microbial community and CO2 stabilization values behavior, Ford-Walford modeling was applied and presented limit values for sludge application in soil for 1.5 g kg-1 and 15.0 g kg-1 of, approximately, 55 mg and 88 mg, respectively. CO2 releases were faster and reached stability within 18 weeks for the soil with higher sludge content (15.0 g kg-1 of dry soil). In contrast, CO2 releases were slower for the soil with lower sludge content (1.5 g kg-1 of dry soil), and until the experiment's final period (21 weeks) respiration behavior did not reach stability. This study indicates that the stabilized sewage sludge, at the considered recommended application rate, presents a low toxicity risk for the studied bioindicators, being suitable for agricultural use.
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6
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Bandeira FO, Lodi MR, Graciani TS, Oroski S, Mattias JL, Cardoso EJBN, Alves PRL. The use of sewage sludge as remediation for imidacloprid toxicity in soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:20159-20167. [PMID: 36251199 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23584-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of the sewage sludge (SS) soil amendment on the chronic toxicity of imidacloprid (through the seed dressing formulation MUCH 600 FS®-600 g active ingredient L-1) to collembolans Folsomia candida. Individuals 10-12 days old were exposed to two contrasting tropical soils (Oxisol and Entisol) amended with SS doses (0, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 g SS kg-1 soil; the SS doses have low intrinsic toxicity, which was checked before its application) in a full factorial combination with five imidacloprid concentrations (varying from 0.25 to 4 mg kg-1 in Oxisol and 0.03-0.5 mg kg-1 in Entisol) plus a control. None of the SS doses (without imidacloprid) in both soils reduced the number of generated juvenile collembolans. The imidacloprid concentrations reducing the collembolan reproduction in 50% (EC50) in Oxisol and Entisol without SS were 0.49 and 0.08 mg kg-1, respectively. However, the EC50 values generally increased with increasing SS doses in soils, varying from 1.03 to 1.41 in Oxisol and 0.07 to 0.21 in Entisol. The SS-amended soils showed 2.1- to 2.9-fold lower imidacloprid toxicity (EC50-based) in Oxisol and 1.8- to 2.7-fold lower toxicity in Entisol. Our results suggest the most effective SS doses alleviating the imidacloprid toxicity (EC50-based) to collembolans are 20 g kg-1 in Oxisol and 80 g kg-1 in Entisol. These results indicate that the tested SS has the potential to be employed as a soil amendment agent by reducing the toxicity of imidacloprid to the reproduction of F. candida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Ogliari Bandeira
- Department of Soil Science, Santa Catarina State University, 88520-000 Lages, Av. Luis de Camões, SC, 2090, Brazil
| | - Mikael Renan Lodi
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado 108 E, Chapecó, SC, 89802112, Brazil
| | | | - Sabrina Oroski
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado 108 E, Chapecó, SC, 89802112, Brazil
| | - Jorge Luis Mattias
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado 108 E, Chapecó, SC, 89802112, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Roger Lopes Alves
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado 108 E, Chapecó, SC, 89802112, Brazil.
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7
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Morgado RG, Pereira A, Cardoso DN, Prodana M, Malheiro C, Silva ARR, Vinhas A, Soares AMVM, Loureiro S. The effects of different temperatures in mercury toxicity to the terrestrial isopod Porcellionides pruinosus. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120209. [PMID: 36155220 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate changes and metal contamination are pervasive stressors for soil ecosystems. Mercury (Hg), one of the most toxic metals, has been reported to interact with temperature. However, compared to aquatic biota, little is known about how temperature affects Hg toxicity and bioaccumulation to soil organisms. Here, toxicity and bioaccumulation experiments were replicated at 15 °C, 20 °C, and 25 °C to understand how sub-optimal temperatures affect the toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of Hg via soil. Genotoxicity and energy reserves were also assessed to disclose potential trade-offs in life-history traits. Results underpin the complexity of temperature-Hg interactions. Survival was determined mainly by toxicokinetics, but toxicodynamics also played a significant role in defining survival probability during early stages. The processes determining survival probability were faster at 25 °C: General Unified Threshold of Survival (GUTS) model identified an earlier/steeper decline in survival, compared to 20 °C or 15 °C, but it also approached the threshold faster. Despite potentiation of Hg genotoxicity, temperature promoted faster detoxification, either increasing toxicokinetics rates or damage repair mechanisms. This metabolism-driven increase in detoxification led to higher depletion of energy reserves and likely triggered stress response pathways. This work emphasized the need for comprehensive experimental approaches that can integrate the multiple processes involved in temperature-metal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui G Morgado
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Andreia Pereira
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diogo N Cardoso
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marija Prodana
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Catarina Malheiro
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita R Silva
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - André Vinhas
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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8
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Ferreira P, Gabriel A, Sousa JP, Natal-da-Luz T. Representativeness of Folsomia candida to assess toxicity of a new generation insecticide in different temperature scenarios. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155712. [PMID: 35525360 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Climate change may interfere with the behavior of pesticides and organisms, influencing pesticides toxicity to non-target organisms like collembolans. Aiming to assess the representativeness of the standardized species F. candida to the Collembola group under different temperatures, four species of collembolans - Folsomia candida, Folsomia fimetaria, Proisotoma minuta and Sinella curviseta - were exposed to a new generation insecticide of Chlorantraniliprole, under the standardized temperature of 20 °C, and a temperature foreseeing a global warming scenario of 25 °C. Results showed that F. candida, F. fimetaria and P. minuta were sensitive to Chlorantraniliprole at both temperatures, while S. curviseta was insensitive to the insecticide concentrations up to 457 mg a.i./kg of soil, regardless of the temperature. The sensitivity of F. candida and P. minuta was significantly higher at 25 °C than at 20 °C, while F. fimetaria and S. curviseta remained equally sensitive/insensitive to both temperatures. Results suggest that F. candida can be representative of F. fimetaria under standard conditions but not for F. fimetaria under 25 °C nor for P. minuta and S. curviseta under both temperatures due to the higher sensitivity of F. candida. On the other hand, due to its higher sensitivity, F. candida can be used to define environmentally protective measures (at both test temperatures) but the use of additional Collembola species is recommended to avoid the definition of over-protective goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Ferreira
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Antonieta Gabriel
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. The Center of Environmental and Marine Studies of University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Paulo Sousa
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tiago Natal-da-Luz
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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9
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Pu L, Li Z, Jia M, Ke X, Liu H, Christie P, Wu L. Effects of a soil collembolan on the growth and metal uptake of a hyperaccumulator: Modification of root morphology and the expression of plant defense genes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 303:119169. [PMID: 35307496 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil collembolans live in close proximity to plant roots and may have a role in the phytoextraction of potentially toxic metals from contaminated soils but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly investigated. We hypothesize that soil collembolans may change the root morphology of hyperaccumulators by regulating plant physiological characteristics. Here, a pot experiment was conducted in which a cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) hyperaccumulator (Sedum plumbizincicola) was grown with or without a collembolan (Folsomia candida), and plant transcriptome and hormones as well as the root characteristics of S. plumbizincicola were analyzed. F. candida promoted the growth and Cd/Zn uptake of S. plumbizincicola, the root and shoot biomass increasing by 53.3 and 34.4%, and the uptake of Cd and Zn in roots increased by 83.2 and 65.4%, respectively. Plant root morphology, total root length, root tip number and lateral root number increased significantly by 40.7, 37.2 and 33.8%, respectively, with the addition of F. candida. Transcriptome analysis reveals that the expression levels of defense-related genes in S. plumbizincicola were significantly up-regulated. In addition, the defensive plant hormones, i.e. salicylic acid in the roots, increased significantly by 338%. These results suggest that the plant in defense of the action of F. candida regulated the expression of the corresponding genes and increased the defensive plant hormones, thus modifying root morphology and plant performance. Overall, this study highlights the importance of the regulation by collembolans of plant growth and metal uptake by interaction with hyperaccumulator roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Pu
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Mingyun Jia
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xin Ke
- Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Peter Christie
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Longhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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10
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Tian Y, Miao X, Song S, Zhang Z, Hu S, Wei D, Wang M. Complete mitochondrial genome of Proisotoma minuta (Collembola: Proisotominae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2022; 7:727-728. [PMID: 35528250 PMCID: PMC9067988 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2022.2068977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The springtail Proisotoma minuta is a cosmopolitan species that can be found in many different habitats, especially in soil ecosystems. It is considered to be a good indicator of soil health. In this study, mitogenome information was obtained, which could lay a foundation for future fauna studies. The mitogenome of P. minuta is a circular module of 15,930 bp, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes. The mitogenome of P. minuta is composed of 35.9% A, 28.5% T, 13.7% G, and 21.3% C. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that P. minuta was well grouped in the subfamily Proisotominae and had a closer relationship with Anurophorinae than Isotominae subfamily and other families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xiulian Miao
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Shilin Song
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
- School of Ji Xianlin Honors, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Zhengmin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Shiran Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Deli Wei
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Liaocheng Peoples’ Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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11
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Zhang X, Zhang X, Li L, Fu G, Liu X, Xing S, Feng H, Chen B. The toxicity of hexavalent chromium to soil microbial processes concerning soil properties and aging time. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111941. [PMID: 34474034 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) pollution has attracted much attention due to its biological toxicity. However, little is known regarding Cr toxicity to soil microorganisms. The present study assesses the toxicity of Cr(VI) on two microbial processes, potential nitrification rate (PNR) and substrate-induced respiration (SIR), in a wide range of agricultural soils and detected the abundance of soil bacteria, fungi, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea. The toxicity thresholds of 10% and 50% effective concentrations (EC10 and EC50) for PNR varied by 32.18- and 38.66-fold among different soils, while for SIR they varied by 391.21- and 16.31-fold, respectively. Regression model analysis indicated that for PNR, CEC as a single factor explained 27% of the variation in EC10, with soil clay being the key factor explaining 47.3% of the variation in EC50. For SIR, organic matter and pH were found to be the most vital predictors for EC10 and EC50, explaining 34% and 61.1% of variation, respectively. In addition, extended aging time was found to significantly attenuate the toxicity of Cr on PNR. SIR was mainly driven by total bacteria rather than fungi, while PNR was driven by both AOA and AOB. These results were helpful in deriving soil Cr toxicity threshold based on microbial processes, and provided a theoretical foundation for ecological risk assessments and establishing a soil environmental quality criteria for Cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Linfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Gengxue Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shuping Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haiyan Feng
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Baodong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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12
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Bandeira FO, Alves PRL, Hennig TB, Brancalione J, Nogueira DJ, Matias WG. Chronic effects of clothianidin to non-target soil invertebrates: Ecological risk assessment using the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) approach. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126491. [PMID: 34323739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the chronic toxicity and risk of clothianidin in a seed dressing formulation to non-target soil invertebrates. The toxicity assays were performed with two oligochaetes (earthworms Eisenia andrei and enchytraeids Enchytraeus crypticus) and three collembolans (Folsomia candida, Proisotoma minuta and Sinella curviseta) species following ISO protocols. Risk assessment (via Hazard Quotient approach - HQ) was based on the hazardous concentrations for 95% of the species (HC5), derived from chronic Species Sensitivity Distributions (SSD) for clothianidin, and on its predicted environmental concentrations (PEC). Four SSD scenarios were generated with literature and/or this study data, following different data selection criteria (i.e., general, only data from tests using similar formulations, similar soils, or identical soil/formulation). In our experiments, a higher clothianidin toxicity (EC50-based) was found for collembolans (varying from 0.11 to 0.28 mg kg-1 between species) followed by the earthworms (4.35 mg kg-1), while the enchytraeids were the least sensitive (33.5 mg kg-1). HQ indicated a significant risk of clothianidin to soil invertebrates because the estimated PEC were at least 16.6 times higher than HC5 and are expected to affect the whole group of collembolans. Despite the criteria for data inclusion have influenced the HC5 values, no substantial changes were observed for the risk outcomes. To our knowledge, this is the first study assessing the chronic ecological risk of clothianidin to beneficial soil fauna based on a probabilistic SSD approach. Data from this study can help to derive more reliable protection thresholds for clothianidin in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Ogliari Bandeira
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roger Lopes Alves
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado 108 E, 89802112 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Thuanne Braúlio Hennig
- Department of Soil Science, Santa Catarina State University, Av. Luis de Camões, 2090, 88520-000 Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Juliane Brancalione
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado 108 E, 89802112 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Diego José Nogueira
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-970, Brazil
| | - William Gerson Matias
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-970, Brazil.
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13
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Buch AC, Niemeyer JC, Marques ED, Silva-Filho EV. Ecological risk assessment of trace metals in soils affected by mine tailings. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123852. [PMID: 33264928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental impacts caused by mine dam ruptures or inappropriate tailing depositions represent a global concern. An ecological risk assessment was performed in 18 areas affected by the collapse of a major mining dam in southeastern Brazil, in two monitoring periods (2015 and 2018). In these areas, pedogeochemical surveys, and ecological risk levels were determinate. In addition, ecotoxicological assays with Proisotoma minuta (Collembola) were carried out in laboratory. Soil screening values indicated that all contaminated areas were above regional reference values for soil quality for at least one metal (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn), likewise exceeding threshold values for potential ecological and human health risks. In two monitoring years, significant ecotoxicity in the avoidance and reproduction of P. minuta (> 60 % and >80 %, respectively) were evidenced in most soils; and lethal responses in some areas like Córrego Novo, Governador Valadares and Tumiritinga. Results suggest changes in soil physical-chemical properties due to tailing deposition, thus affecting soil dwellers. This study can elucidate the use of appropriate tools to ecological risk assessments, helping to identify the priority areas for defining remediation and monitoring strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Cristhy Buch
- Postgraduate Environmental Geochemistry Program, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, s/n., Centro, 24020-141, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Júlia Carina Niemeyer
- Postgraduate Program in Agricultural and Natural Ecosystems, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Center of Curitibanos, Rod. Ulysses Gabordi, Km 3, 89520-000, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Duarte Marques
- Researcher of Company of Research of Mineral Resources (CPRM) - Service Geological Survey of Brazil, Av. Brasil, 1731, Funcionários, 30140-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Emmanoel Vieira Silva-Filho
- Postgraduate Environmental Geochemistry Program, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, s/n., Centro, 24020-141, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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14
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Triques MC, Oliveira D, Goulart BV, Montagner CC, Espíndola ELG, de Menezes-Oliveira VB. Assessing single effects of sugarcane pesticides fipronil and 2,4-D on plants and soil organisms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111622. [PMID: 33396142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The continuous growth in global population since the beginning of the 20th century result in the necessity of food and energy provision favoring the intensive use of agricultural products such as pesticides. Although pesticides are important to prevent losses in the conventional chemically based agriculture, they frequently present side effects, which goes against agricultural production. The use of pesticides cause direct and indirect effects to soil organisms unbalancing essential soil processes (e.g. primary production, organic matter decomposition, nutrient cycling). Under tropical conditions, very little is known regarding the effects of pesticides to terrestrial organisms. Hence, the aim of the present study was to assess the ecotoxicological effects of the herbicide DMA® 806 BR (active ingredient: 2,4-D) and the insecticide Regent® 800 WG (active ingredient: fipronil), on terrestrial plant species (the dicot Raphanus sativus var. acanthioformis and the monocot Allium cepa), and soil invertebrates (the collembolan Folsomia candida and the enchytraeid Enchytraeus crypticus), using natural (NS) and artificial soils (TAS). For both pesticides, negative effects on non-target species were observed at concentrations lower than the doses recommended to prevent pests in sugarcane fields. For both soils, the dicot species was the most affected by the herbicide (R. sativus > A. cepa > F. candida > E. crypticus) and the collembolan species was the most affected by the insecticide (F. candida > E. crypticus = R. sativus = A. cepa). Although the order of the organisms' sensitivity for both pesticides was the same in both soils, results showed that the extent of the effects was soil dependent. Considering the ecologically relevant concentrations tested, and their severe effects to non-target organisms, it may be concluded that the use of fipronil and 2,4-D under recommended conditions may pose a risk to the terrestrial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Triques
- PPG-SEA and NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dayane Oliveira
- PPG-SEA and NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca Veloso Goulart
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassiana Carolina Montagner
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
- PPG-SEA and NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Bezerra de Menezes-Oliveira
- PPG-SEA and NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring Post-Graduate Program, CCTS, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Coordination of Environmental Engineering, Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil.
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15
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Lopes BCH, Zeppelini D, Pontes DS, Amado EM. First characterization of multixenobiotic activity in Collembola: An approach on cadmium-induced response. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 239:108850. [PMID: 32777464 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) efflux pumps mediate the activity of the Multixenobiotic Resistance (MXR) mechanism and have been proposed as a biomarker of environmental pollution mainly in aquatic invertebrates. MXR activity was never investigated in Collembola and represents a potential tool for soil biomonitoring. This study aimed to characterize for the first time the activity of ABC efflux pumps in the gut of collembolan species, and investigate its responsiveness to cadmium (Cd), a common stressor found in polluted soils. We performed in vitro rhodamine-B accumulation assays in the presence of model inhibitors of ABC efflux pumps: verapamil hydrochloride as P-gp (P-glycoprotein) inhibitor, and MK571, as MRPs (multidrug resistance-related proteins) inhibitor. We also performed rhodamine-B accumulation assays under Cd-exposure (209 μg/L;1 μM). Our results showed that all species presented basal (noninduced) level of MXR activity in their gut. Efflux pumps P-gp and/or MRPs activity were confirmed in Cyphoderus innominatus, Cyphoderus similis, and Folsomia candida, the standard species. The rhodamine-B accumulation assays performed with Cd, applied as soil pollutant, showed that the gut of non-standard species C. similis and Trogolaphysa sp. presented an increase of MXR activity for both P-gp and MRP transporters, indicating the potential of these species as test organisms for soil ecotoxicology studies in Neotropical region. Our findings suggest a functional role of ABC transporters in the collembolan gut and their cellular involvement in Cd defense response, corroborating that MXR phenotype in Collembola can be a promising tool for bioindication of soil contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Carolline Honório Lopes
- Laboratório de Sistemática de Collembola e Conservação, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba Campus V, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e Sociais Aplicadas, Depto. Biologia. 58070-450 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba Campus V, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e Sociais Aplicadas, Depto. Biologia. 58070-450 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Zoologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba Campus I, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Depto. Biologia. 58051-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Douglas Zeppelini
- Laboratório de Sistemática de Collembola e Conservação, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba Campus V, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e Sociais Aplicadas, Depto. Biologia. 58070-450 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Zoologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba Campus I, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Depto. Biologia. 58051-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Daniela Santos Pontes
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba Campus V, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e Sociais Aplicadas, Depto. Biologia. 58070-450 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Enelise Marcelle Amado
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba Campus V, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e Sociais Aplicadas, Depto. Biologia. 58070-450 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
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16
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Buch AC, Sautter KD, Marques ED, Silva-Filho EV. Ecotoxicological assessment after the world's largest tailing dam collapse (Fundão dam, Mariana, Brazil): effects on oribatid mites. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:3575-3595. [PMID: 32409973 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, environmental tragedies involving mining dam ruptures have become more frequent. As occurred a few years ago in Brazil (on 5 November 2015, in Minas Gerais state) the Fundão Dam rupture released 60 million m3 of tailings into terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Since then, little information on the ecotoxicity of these tailings has been disclosed. In the laboratory, the acute, chronic and bioaccumulation effects of increased Fundão tailing concentrations on oribatid mites (Scheloribates praeincisus) were assessed. Additionally, the bioaccumulation of 11 trace metals (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) and the total density of oribatid mites found in the areas contaminated by the Fundão tailings were determined. The percentages of mite survival and reproductive inhibition were higher than 60% and 80%, respectively, in all contaminated areas with the highest concentration (100% mine tailings). Field studies showed an expressive reduction in the total density of oribatids per m-2 (up to 54 times) in the contaminated areas compared with the reference area. Metal accumulations in the field were 5.4 and 3.2 higher (for Ni and Hg, respectively) and up to two times higher (for most metals) than those in the laboratory for 42 days. The mite responses to the Fundão tailings found in this study suggest long-term interference in their biological development. In this sense, we can conclude that the introduction of mine tailings onto soils tended to compromise the functionality of the mites in the ecosystem, which causes imbalances to cascade other organisms of the trophic web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Cristhy Buch
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, s/n., Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24020-007, Brazil.
| | - Klaus Dieter Sautter
- University Center Campos de Andrade, R. João Scuissiato, 01, Santa Quitéria, Curitiba, PR, 81220-090, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Duarte Marques
- CPRM - Geological Survey of Brazil, Av. Brasil, 1731, Funcionários, Belo Horizonte, 30140-002, MG, Brazil
| | - Emmanoel Vieira Silva-Filho
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, s/n., Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24020-007, Brazil
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17
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Maderthaner M, Weber M, Takács E, Mörtl M, Leisch F, Römbke J, Querner P, Walcher R, Gruber E, Székács A, Zaller JG. Commercial glyphosate-based herbicides effects on springtails (Collembola) differ from those of their respective active ingredients and vary with soil organic matter content. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:17280-17289. [PMID: 32152864 PMCID: PMC7192858 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) are currently the most widely used agrochemicals for weed control. Environmental risk assessments (ERA) on nontarget organisms mostly consider the active ingredients (AIs) of these herbicides, while much less is known on effects of commercial GBH formulations that are actually applied in the field. Moreover, it is largely unknown to what extent different soil characteristics alter potential side effects of herbicides. We conducted a greenhouse experiment growing a model weed population of Amaranthus retroflexus in arable field soil with either 3.0 or 4.1% soil organic matter (SOM) content and treated these weeds either with GBHs (Roundup LB Plus, Touchdown Quattro, Roundup PowerFlex) or their respective AIs (isopropylammonium, diammonium or potassium salts of glyphosate) at recommended dosages. Control pots were mechanically weeded. Nontarget effects were assessed on the surface activity of the springtail species Sminthurinus niger (pitfall trapping) and litter decomposition in the soil (teabag approach). Both GBHs and AIs increased the surface activity of springtails compared to control pots; springtail activity was higher under GBHs than under corresponding AIs. Stimulation of springtail activity was much higher in soil with higher SOM content than with low SOM content (significant treatment x SOM interaction). Litter decomposition was unaffected by GBHs, AIs or SOM levels. We suggest that ERAs for pesticides should be performed with actually applied herbicides rather than only on AIs and should also consider influences of different soil properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Maderthaner
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maureen Weber
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eszter Takács
- Agro-Environmental Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre, Herman O. u. 15, Budapest, H-1022, Hungary
| | - Mária Mörtl
- Agro-Environmental Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre, Herman O. u. 15, Budapest, H-1022, Hungary
| | - Friedrich Leisch
- Institute of Statistics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, A-1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jörg Römbke
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Böttgerstraße 2, 65439, Flörsheim, Germany
| | - Pascal Querner
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ronnie Walcher
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Edith Gruber
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - András Székács
- Agro-Environmental Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre, Herman O. u. 15, Budapest, H-1022, Hungary
| | - Johann G Zaller
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180, Vienna, Austria.
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18
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Lin X, Sun Z, Ma J, Hou H, Zhao L. Effects of soil properties and long aging time on the toxicity of exogenous antimony to soil-dwelling springtail Folsomia candida. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:125100. [PMID: 31629240 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The most existing studies on the toxicity of antimony (Sb) were performed in limited types of soil and after short aging time. Effects of soil properties and long aging time on chronic toxicity of Sb(III) and Sb(V) to model organism Folsomia candida were studied in the laboratory studies. The results showed that after the Sb(V)-treated soils were aged for 365 d, the Sb exhibited no toxicity to survival and reproduction even at the nominal highest concentration of 12,800 mg kg-1 in ten types of soils with distinct differences in soil properties. In the Sb(III)-treated ten soils aged only for 30 d, the concentrations causing 50% mortality (LC50) and concentrations inhibiting 50% reproduction (EC50) were 1288-3219 mg kg-1 and 683-1829 mg kg-1, respectively. The LC50 were higher than the highest test concentration and the EC50 significantly increased by 2.24-6.16 fold after the Sb(III)-treated soils were aged for 150 d, and soil pH was the most important single factor explaining the variance in aging effects. After the aging time was 365 d, similar with Sb(V)-treated soils, no toxicity were observed in the most Sb(III)-treated soils, indicating the increasing aging effects with aging time. Regression analysis indicated that the OM and pH were the most important single factor predicting Sb toxicity to reproduction in Sb(III)-treated soils aged for 30 and 150 d, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zaijin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Jin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Hong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China.
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19
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Wang YF, Qiao M, Wang HT, Zhu D. Species-specific effects of arsenic on the soil collembolan gut microbiota. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 183:109538. [PMID: 31401331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that arsenic (As) pollution has a severe threat to food security and soil non-target organisms, however, its influences on soil fauna gut microbiota are poorly understood. The gut microbiota of soil fauna play an important role in host health and nutrient cycling. Here, we used dietary exposure to investigate the effects of As on the mortality and gut microbiota of two model soil collembolans (Folsomia candida and Onychiurus yodai) and determine the accumulation of As in collembolan body tissues. The results showed that, although As exposure did not induce the mortality of the two species, dose dependence of As accumulation was indeed detected in their body tissues. Oral As exposure (500 μg g-1 yeast) significantly altered the community structure (P < 0.05) of F. candida gut microbiota and reduced its diversity (by more than 20%; P < 0.05) compared to the control; however, no significant effects were observed in O. yodai gut microbiota. The two collembolan species possess significantly different gut microbiota (P < 0.05), which may partly explain the differences of the two collembolan gut microbiota response to As exposure. We further found that the genera Ochrobactrum, Geobacter and Staphylococcus were sensitive to As exposure in F. candida (P < 0.05), but these bacteria were low abundance and not altered in O. yodai. Moreover, the relative abundance of these bacteria was significantly correlated with As bioaccumulation in F. candida body tissues (P < 0.05, R2 > 0.6). Higher As bioaccumulation factor was also found in O. yodai body tissues compared to the F. candida. These results indicate that collembolan gut microbiota present a species-specific response to As and may be a more sensitive indicator than the mortality of collembolan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Min Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hong-Tao Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Dong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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Serafini S, Soares JG, Perosa CF, Picoli F, Segat JC, Da Silva AS, Baretta D. Eprinomectin antiparasitic affects survival, reproduction and behavior of Folsomia candida biomarker, and its toxicity depends on the type of soil. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 72:103262. [PMID: 31634705 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of the antiparasitic agent eprinomectin in two subtropical soils, using ecotoxicological lethality, reproduction and avoidance behavior tests with springtails (Folsomia candida). Eprinomectin concentrations were 0 (control), 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 mg kg-1 of dry soil combined with either Entisol or Oxisol soils. Statistically significant toxic effects of eprinomectin on springtails were observed in both soils. Eprinomectin was lethal starting at 8 mg kg-1 of dry soil in Entisol, and 20 mg kg-1 of dry soil in Oxisol, with effects less than 50% at lethal concentrations. Reductions in the reproduction rate of the springtails were also observed starting at 8 mg kg-1 of dry soil in Entisol, and 0.5 mg kg-1 of dry soil in Oxisol. ECrepr50 value calculated for Entisol was 4.38 ± 0.62 mg kg-1 of dry soil; for Oxisol the ECrepr50 was above the highest tested concentration. For avoidance behavior, the effect occurred from 0.5 mg kg-1 of dry soil for both soils. In Entisol, all concentrations caused avoidance of more than 95%, and in Oxisol the ECavoi50 value was 1.33 ± 0.83 mg kg-1 of dry soil. We conclude that eprinomectin affected survival, reproduction and caused avoidance behavior of F. candida in both soils. The toxic effects were greater as the concentration in the soils increased. The effects in Oxisol were less intense than those in Entisol with respect to the affected springtails. This discrepancy may be attributed to the different physicochemical characteristics of the soils that determine the retention capacity for eprinomectin; in particular, there are greater contents of clay, organic matter and cation exchange capacity in Oxisol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suélen Serafini
- Program of Animal Science, Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Junior Gonçalves Soares
- Program of Animal Science, Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Camila Felicetti Perosa
- Program of Animal Science, Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Picoli
- Program of Animal Science, Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Julia Corá Segat
- Program of Animal Science, Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro Schafer Da Silva
- Program of Animal Science, Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
| | - Dilmar Baretta
- Program of Animal Science, Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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21
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Daam MA, Chelinho S, Niemeyer JC, Owojori OJ, De Silva PMCS, Sousa JP, van Gestel CAM, Römbke J. Environmental risk assessment of pesticides in tropical terrestrial ecosystems: Test procedures, current status and future perspectives. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 181:534-547. [PMID: 31234068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increasing use of pesticides in tropical countries, research and legislative efforts have focused on their temperate counterparts. This paper presents a review of the literature on environmental risk assessment of pesticides for tropical terrestrial agroecosystems. It aims at evaluating potential differences in pesticide risk between temperate and tropical regions as well as to highlight research needs in the latter. Peculiarities of pesticide risks in tropical terrestrial agroecosystems are discussed in subsections 1) agricultural practices; 2) research efforts; 3) fate and exposure; 4) toxicity testing methods; and 5) sensitivity. The intensive and often inadequate pesticide application practices in tropical areas are likely to result in a relatively greater pesticide exposure in edge-of-field water bodies. Since pesticide fate may be different under tropical conditions, tropical scenarios for models estimating predicted environmental pesticide concentrations should be developed. Sensitivity comparisons do not indicate a consistent similar, greater or lower relative sensitivity of tropical soil organisms as compared to temperate organisms. However, several methods and procedures for application in the tropics need to be developed, which include: 1) identifying and collecting natural soils to be used as reference test substrates in tests; 2) identifying and discerning the range of sensitivity of native test species to soil contaminants; 3) developing test guidelines applicable to tropical/subtropical conditions; and 4) developing methods and procedures for higher tier testing for full development and implementation of environmental risk assessment schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel A Daam
- CENSE, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Sónia Chelinho
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, P-3000 456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Júlia C Niemeyer
- Centre of Curitibanos, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Olugbenga J Owojori
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - P Mangala C S De Silva
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Ruhuna, Matara, 81000, Sri Lanka
| | - Jóse Paulo Sousa
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, P-3000 456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cornelis A M van Gestel
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081, HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jörg Römbke
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Böttgerstr. 2-14, 65439, Flörsheim, Germany
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22
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Martinez JG, Quiobe SP, Moens T. Effects of Mercury (Hg) on Soil Nematodes: A Microcosm Approach. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 77:421-431. [PMID: 31292676 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-019-00652-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg), one of the most toxic heavy metals, is commonly used in the gold extraction process in small-scale mining operations in many countries. Our previous field work on the impact of mining on soil nematode assemblages in a small-scale mining area in Sibutad, the Philippines, revealed no significant negative effects despite sometimes strongly elevated Hg concentrations. Using a microcosm approach, we now applied similar Hg concentrations as commonly found in these field sites (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg Hg) and determined their impact on nematode assemblages from a different soil with different physicochemical soil attributes. Our results demonstrate (a) limited "bottling" effects (incubation effects) after a 45-day incubation period: a nematode abundance decrease of up to 37%, but absence of significant differences in diversity and nematode assemblage composition; (b) that total nematode abundance already decreased at Hg concentrations (2.5 mg/kg), which did not yield significant impacts on other nematode assemblage descriptors, such as assemblage composition and different diversity indices; and (c) that the Hg concentrations found in the Sibutad field sites can be detrimental to soil nematode assemblages. The discrepancy between our microcosm and the field-based results is probably related to differences in physicochemical soil attributes (e.g., OM contents, soil pH), which suggests that nematode-based environmental assessments should be interpreted in a context-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey Genevieve Martinez
- Marine Biology Section, Biology Department, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT), Iligan, Philippines.
- Complex Systems Group, Prime Research Institute of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), MSU-IIT, Iligan, Philippines.
| | - Shiela Pearl Quiobe
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT), Iligan, Philippines
| | - Tom Moens
- Marine Biology Section, Biology Department, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Lin X, Sun Z, Zhao L, Zhou C, Wu Z, Hou H. The toxicity thresholds of metal(loid)s to soil-dwelling springtail Folsomia candida-A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 180:632-645. [PMID: 31132559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Increasing concentrations of metals in soil have posed a serious threat to the soil environment. The control and evaluation of soil metal hazards demand the establishment of soil ecological criteria, which is mainly based on the obtainment of toxicity thresholds. As the most typical representative of soil-dwelling springtails, Folsomia candida performs numerous essential ecological functions in soil and has been extensively used to investigate metal toxicity effects and thresholds. This review outlined the current state of knowledge on the metal toxicity thresholds to Folsomia candida, including (1) toxicity thresholds of soil metals for the different endpoints, (2) the influence factors of metal toxicity thresholds including the test conditions, the chemical forms of metal, the soil physicochemical properties, aging time and leaching, (3) the bioavailable fractions predicting metal toxicity thresholds, (4) the internal threshold of metals. To conclude, several recommendations for future research are given to obtain the more reliable toxicity thresholds and further supplement the toxicity data of metals to Folsomia candida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zaijin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Changzhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Zhihao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Hong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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24
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Liu X, Chowdhury MMI, Zaman M, Kim M, Nakhla G. Acute and chronic toxicity of nickel to nitrifiers at different temperatures. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 82:169-178. [PMID: 31133262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the acute nickel toxicity on nitrification of low ammonia synthetic wastewater at 10, 23, and 35°C. The nickel inhibition half-velocity constants (KI,Ni) for ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) based on Ni/MLSS ratio at 10, 23, and 35°C were 5.4 and 5.6 mg Ni/g MLSS, 4.6 and 3.5 mg Ni/g MLSS, and 9.1 and 2.7 mg Ni/g MLSS, respectively. In addition, chronic toxicity of nickel to nitrification of low ammonia synthetic wastewater was investigated at 10°C in two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). Long-term SBRs operation and short-term batch tests were comparable with respect to the extent of inhibition and corresponding Ni/MLSS ratio. The μmax, b, and Ko of AOB were 0.16 day-1, 0.098 day-1 and 2.08 mg O2/L after long-term acclimatization to nickel of 1 mg/L at 10°C, high dissolved oxygen (DO) (7 mg/L) and long solids retention time (SRT) of 63-70 days. Acute nickel toxicity of nitrifying bacteria was completely reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada.
| | - Mohammad M I Chowdhury
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Masuduz Zaman
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Mingu Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - George Nakhla
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada.
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25
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Lin X, Sun Z, Zhao L, Ma J, Wu Z, Zhou C, Li X, Hou H. The toxicity of exogenous nickel to soil-dwelling springtail Folsomia candida in relation to soil properties and aging time. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 174:475-483. [PMID: 30856559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) is a toxic metal, but studies on Ni toxicity to soil-dwelling springtail are fairly limited, and did not consider the effects of various soil properties and long aging time. To address this, the chronic toxicity of Ni to model organism-Folsomia candida in relation to soil properties and aging time were evaluated in the laboratory study. The results showed that compared to the soils aged only for 7 d, the concentrations causing 50% mortality (LC50) and inhibiting 50% reproduction (EC50) basing measured total Ni in four soils aged for 120 d increased by 1.30-1.94 fold and 1.27-1.82 fold, respectively. Furthermore, the aging effects significantly correlated with soil pH. The toxicity values of Ni differed in ten soils aged for 120 d, the LC50 values were 279-4025 mg/kg and the EC50 values were 133-1148 mg/kg. When calculating the toxicity values basing water soluble and CaCl2 extracted Ni, the variations in LC50 values between ten soils decreased, while the variations in EC50 values increased. Regression analysis indicated that soil pH was the most important single factor predicting soil Ni toxicity to springtail, the combination of soil pH and OM could best explain Ni toxicity variance in ten soils (89.1% of the variance in LC50 values and 89.6% of the variance in EC50 values).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Lin
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Zaijin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Jin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Zhihao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Changzhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Xing Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Hong Hou
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100000, China.
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26
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Cardoso DN, Ferreira NGC, Tourinho PS, Santos C, Soares AMVM, Loureiro S. Mercury accumulation from food decreases collembolans' growth. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 668:25-31. [PMID: 30851681 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the terrestrial environment, mercury (Hg) contamination can be originated from different inorganic and metal-organic sources, redistributed and transformed in soils. In the present study, the effects of contaminated food with environmentally relevant concentrations of Hg were evaluated in the soil-dwelling invertebrate Folsomia candida. Changes in growth rate and Hg bioaccumulation levels were observed at different concentrations of Hg in food, which can be complementary for data already available for reproduction and survival from standardized protocols. Collembolan growth was recorded every two days, and their growth rate along with a Von Bertalanffy's growth curve were derived showing that growth was dependent on Hg food concentration. Also, the final length of animals reflected the Hg concentration in food, with differences in all treatments comparing to non-exposed organisms. Toxicokinetic patterns from different Hg concentrations in food were not significantly different during the uptake phase, but differences were found in the depuration phase. Combining the two approaches, collembolans seem to invest their energy for depuration processes, neglecting other vital processes, such as growth. Also, contaminated food avoidance possibly occurred, thus decreasing their feeding and contaminant intake. Therefore, growth tests in collembolans can act as complementary tools to bioaccumulation and reproductive assays, towards a mechanistic understanding of how organisms use their energy upon contamination. Changes in growth rate, even at low and environmentally relevant concentrations, could be a warning signal when occurring in species with key roles in ecosystems. Also, this study highlights the importance of these complementary tests for a better and complete approach to risk assessment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo N Cardoso
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Nuno G C Ferreira
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula S Tourinho
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Environmental Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Cátia Santos
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Biology, Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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27
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Lin X, Sun Z, Zhao L, Ma J, Li X, He F, Hou H. Toxicity of exogenous hexavalent chromium to soil-dwelling springtail Folsomia candida in relation to soil properties and aging time. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 224:734-742. [PMID: 30851525 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is a well-known toxic metal, but studies on Cr toxicity to soil-dwelling springtails are fairly limited, and did not consider the effects of various soil properties and long aging time. To address this, the chronic toxicity of Cr(VI) to survival and reproduction of model organism-Folsomia candida were evaluated in the laboratory studies. The results showed that compared to the soils aged only for 2 and 21 d, the concentrations inhibiting 50% reproduction (EC50) significantly increased by 2.8-5.2 fold and 1.7-2.6 fold, the concentrations causing 50% mortality (LC50) were higher than the highest test concentration in four soils aged for 150 d. Furthermore, the aging effects correlated significantly with soil amorphous Fe oxides. The EC50 values of Cr significantly differed in ten soils aged for 150 d, ranging from 27 to 512 mg kg-1, which were associated with the variations in reduction and sorption capacity in different soils. Regression analysis indicated that soil clay was the most important single factor predicting soil Cr toxicity to reproduction, and the inclusion of cation exchange capacity in the clay regression could best explain the toxicity variance (87.2%). Additionally, soil pH, organic matter and amorphous Fe oxides could also well explain the toxicity variance (>55%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zaijin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Jin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Xing Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Fei He
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Hong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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28
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Huang CW, Chen WJ, Ke X, Li Y, Luan YX. A multi-generational risk assessment of Cry1F on the non-target soil organism Folsomia candida (Collembola) based on whole transcriptome profiling. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6924. [PMID: 31123641 PMCID: PMC6512762 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1F has been used to develop insect-resistant genetically engineered crops. There has been great interest in evaluating its potential risk to non-target organisms (NTOs). However, the majority of previous risk assessments only examined one generation of NTOs using several physiological indicators, which cannot comprehensively detect some potential sub-lethal effects at the molecular level. In this study, we conducted a laboratory-based, multi-generational risk assessment of Cry1F for the collembolan Folsomia candida, an important representative of soil arthropods in terms of survival, reproduction, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified from whole transcriptome profiles. Our results demonstrated that Cry1F was continuously ingested by collembolans over three consecutive generations, but it did not affect the survival or reproduction of F. candida. There were no significant differences in the global gene expression between F. candida—fed diets with and without Cry1F, and no consistent co-expressed DEGs over three generations. In addition, Cry1F did not obviously alter the expression profiles of seven sensitive biological markers. Our composite data indicates that Cry1F had no long-term harmful effects on collembolan F. candida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Ke
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunhe Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Xia Luan
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Lima FRD, Martins GC, Silva AO, Vasques ICF, Engelhardt MM, Cândido GS, Pereira P, Reis RHCL, Carvalho GS, Windmöller CC, Moreira FMS, Guilherme LRG, Marques JJ. Critical mercury concentration in tropical soils: Impact on plants and soil biological attributes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 666:472-479. [PMID: 30802662 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is a toxic element that becomes a problem when present at high concentrations in soils. Mercury toxicity in soils varies depending on chemical species, concentration, exposure routes, and organism vulnerability. There is little information regarding the toxicity of Hg in tropical soils, especially for establishing safe levels of this pollutant. The purpose of this study was to investigate Hg concentrations in two tropical soils and their effect on oats and common beans, as well as on soil biological attributes. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, following ISO 11.269-2 and OECD-208 guidelines. Oat and common bean were cultivated in a Typic Hapludox (TyHpx) and Rhodic Acrudox (RhAcx) contaminated with HgCl2 at the following concentrations: 0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, 40.0, and 80.0 mg of Hg kg-1 of dry soil. The biological variables analyzed were seedling emergence, vegetative growth, chlorophyll content (SPAD index), gas exchange (photosynthetic rate, internal CO2 concentration, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance), and Hg concentration and accumulation in shoot dry matter. Microbial biomass carbon, soil basal respiration, and metabolic quotient (qCO2) were also analyzed. Due to the sorptive characteristics of TyHpx, it had higher Hg concentrations than RhAcx. Mercury showed toxic effects on both oat and common bean species. However, common bean was affected only at concentrations higher than 20 mg kg-1. The microbial community showed high sensitivity to soil Hg concentrations, but external factors, such as the plant species cultivated, influenced the sensitivity of the community. The microbiota was most sensitive in pots with common bean, and this effect was more pronounced at low clay and low organic matter contents (TyHpx). In this study, the concentration of 0.36 mg kg-1 was critical for Hg in these soils, based on its deleterious effects on oat and common bean and on biological soil attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F R D Lima
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - G C Martins
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Belém 66055-090, Pará State, Brazil
| | - A O Silva
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - I C F Vasques
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - M M Engelhardt
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - G S Cândido
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - P Pereira
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - R H C L Reis
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - G S Carvalho
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - C C Windmöller
- Departamento de Química, ICEX, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - F M S Moreira
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - L R G Guilherme
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - J J Marques
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Minas Gerais State, Brazil.
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Lin X, Sun Z, Zhao L, Ma J, Li X, He F, Hou H. The toxicity of exogenous arsenic to soil-dwelling springtail Folsomia candida in relation to soil properties and aging time. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:530-538. [PMID: 30641314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid, but studies on As toxicity to soil-dwelling springtails are fairly limited, and did not consider the effects of various soil properties and long aging time. To address this, the toxicity of As to model organism-Folsomia candida were evaluated in the laboratory studies. The results showed that compared to the soils aged only for 15 d, the concentrations inhibiting 50% reproduction (EC50) significantly increased by 1.3- to 2.0-fold in four soils aged for 150 d, the concentrations causing 50% mortality (LC50) were higher than the highest test concentration in the most soils. Furthermore, the aging effects correlated significantly with soil free Fe oxides contents. The toxicity of As differed in ten soils aged for 150 d, the LC50 were 320-> 1280 mg/kg in acute test and the EC50 were 67-580 mg/kg in chronic test. Regression analysis indicated that soil clay was the most important single factor predicting soil As toxicity to reproduction, explaining 89% of the variance in EC50 values. Soil pH, free Fe oxides and Al oxides could also well explain the toxicity variance (> 65%), indicating that As sorption was a key factor controlling its toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100000, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zaijin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Jin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Xing Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Fei He
- College of Resources and Environment Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650000, China
| | - Hong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100000, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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31
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Lin X, Sun Z, Zhao L, Fan F, Ma J, Zhao S, Hou H. Toxicity of exogenous antimony to the soil-dwelling springtail Folsomia candida. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:5658-5667. [PMID: 30612344 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) is a toxic pollutant, but data for Sb toxicity to springtails in soil are limited, and the effects of Sb speciation, soil physiochemical properties, and aging time on Sb toxicity have not been investigated. To address this, the effects of Sb on Folsomia candida were evaluated in laboratory studies. The results demonstrated that compared with Sb(III), no significant change in mortality was observed in Sb(V)-treated soil, but the EC50 value for the reproduction was 28-fold higher than that of Sb(III). Sb(III) toxicity was very different in four soils. The LC50 values for the survival were 2325-5107 mg kg-1 in the acute test and 605-2682 mg kg-1 in the chronic test, and the EC50 values for the reproduction were 293-2317 mg kg-1. The toxicity discrepancies were associated with the variations in oxidation potential and sorption capacity among corresponding soils. Toxicity significantly positively correlated with the clay and amorphous iron content but significantly negatively correlated with pH. Long-term aging markedly decreased Sb(III) toxicity, and the EC50 and LC50 values were unexpectedly higher than the highest test concentration in soil aged for 180 days. Sb(III) toxicity was probably modified more by oxidation than by changes in the available Sb fraction during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zaijin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Feiyue Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Jin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Shutingi Zhao
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Hong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China.
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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Zortéa T, Dos Reis TR, Serafini S, de Sousa JP, da Silva AS, Baretta D. Ecotoxicological effect of fipronil and its metabolites on Folsomia candida in tropical soils. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 62:203-209. [PMID: 30077901 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the toxicity of the fipronil and its metabolites, fipronil sulfone and fipronil desulfinyl on Folsomia candida. Three types of soils were used to perform the ecotoxicological tests, two natural soils (Oxisol and Entisol), and an artificial substrate (Tropical Artificial Soil). The treatments consisted of increasing doses of a veterinary medicinal product with active ingredient based on fipronil, and of its two main metabolites, fipronil sulfone and fipronil desulfinyl. The doses of fipronil were 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.15, 0.30, 0.60, and 1.00 mg kg-1 of the active ingredient. For fipronil sulfone and fipronil desulfinyl the doses tested were: 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.15, 0.30, 0.60, 1.00, and 5.00 mg kg-1. The effects of toxicity on F. candida were evaluated by survival and reproduction tests, based on the methods described by ISO 11267. There was a completely randomized design, with six replicates for the fipronil tests and eight for the metabolites. We show that fipronil and its metabolites, even at very low concentrations, are toxic to F. candida. Reduction of reproduction can be observed at concentrations of 0.15 mg kg-1. There was little difference in toxicity (LC50 and EC50) between fipronil and its metabolites. Rather, differences were related more to soil type, where the artificial soil was more sensitive than the two natural soils (Oxisol and Entisol). We conclude that it is important to perform ecotoxicological tests in natural soils, in order to generate more realistic representations of veterinary drug toxicity on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talyta Zortéa
- Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Tamires Rodrigues Dos Reis
- Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Suélen Serafini
- Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - José Paulo de Sousa
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Aleksandro Schafer da Silva
- Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
| | - Dilmar Baretta
- Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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He C, Arizono K, Ji H, Yakushiji Y, Zhang D, Huang K, Ishibashi Y. Comparison of mercury and methylmercury bioaccumulation in earthworms ( Bimastus parvus) native to landfill-leachate-contaminated forest soil. J Toxicol Sci 2018; 43:459-471. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.43.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changhua He
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
- Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Koji Arizono
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
| | - Hezhe Ji
- Price Management of Japan Co., Ltd
| | - Yuka Yakushiji
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
| | - Daizhou Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
| | - Kuangwei Huang
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
| | - Yasuhiro Ishibashi
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
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Buch AC, Brown GG, Correia MEF, Lourençato LF, Silva-Filho EV. Ecotoxicology of mercury in tropical forest soils: Impact on earthworms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 589:222-231. [PMID: 28258750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is one of the most toxic nonessential trace metals in the environment, with high persistence and bioaccumulation potential, and hence of serious concern to environmental quality and public health. Emitted to the atmosphere, this element can travel long distances, far from emission sources. Hg speciation can lead to Hg contamination of different ecosystem components, as well as biomagnification in trophic food webs. To evaluate the effects of atmospheric Hg deposition in tropical forests, we investigated Hg concentrations in earthworm tissues and soils of two Forest Conservation Units in State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Next, we performed a laboratory study of the biological responses (cast analysis and behavioral, acute, chronic and bioaccumulation ecotoxicological tests) of two earthworms species (Pontoscolex corethrurus and Eisenia andrei) to Hg contamination in tropical artificial soil (TAS) and two natural forest soils (NS) spiked with increasing concentration of HgCl2. Field results showed Hg concentrations up to 13 times higher in earthworm tissues than in forest soils, while in the laboratory Hg accumulation after 91-days of exposure was 25 times greater in spiked-soils with 128mgHgkg-1 (dry wt) than in control (unspiked) soils. In all the toxicity tests P. corethrurus showed a higher adaptability or resistance to mercury than E. andrei. The role of earthworms as environmental bioremediators was confirmed in this study, showing their ability to greatly bioaccumulate trace metals while reducing Hg availability in feces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Cristhy Buch
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, s/n., Centro, 24020-007 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - George Gardner Brown
- Embrapa Forestry, Estrada da Ribeira km. 111, C.P. 319, 83411-000 Colombo, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Lúcio Fábio Lourençato
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, s/n., Centro, 24020-007 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Emmanoel Vieira Silva-Filho
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, s/n., Centro, 24020-007 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Niemeyer JC, Chelinho S, Sousa JP. Soil ecotoxicology in Latin America: Current research and perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:1795-1810. [PMID: 28295568 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Soils from some Latin American countries support the highest biodiversity levels on the planet and simultaneously have some of the most serious environmental impacts attributed to both historical and current agricultural practices and industrial activities. Soil contamination has resulted from intensive use of pesticides, extensive mining and other industrial activities, and uncontrolled management of waste within inappropriate regulatory frameworks. The present study presents an overview of the scientific research on soil ecotoxicology conducted in Latin America, summarizing the recent advances and highlighting the needs for further refinements in this research field. Most of the contributions to the scientific literature have been from Brazil. The most investigated issue is the ecotoxicity of pesticides and earthworms, which were the organisms most frequently used as test species. Needs identified by Latin American researchers include methods and procedures for: 1) identifying and collecting natural soils to be used as reference test-substrates in tests, 2) identifying and discerning the range of sensitivities of native test species to soil contaminants, 3) developing environmental guidelines applicable to tropical/subtropical conditions, and 4) developing methods and procedures for higher tier testing for full development and implementation of environmental risk assessment schemes. The protection of Latin American soils, including provision of goods and services, is currently framed in legislation and other regulations, but implementation requires significant improvement and additional training programs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1795-1810. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Carina Niemeyer
- Centre of Curitibanos, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Sónia Chelinho
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Paulo Sousa
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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36
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Buch AC, Schmelz RM, Niva CC, Correia MEF, Silva-Filho EV. Mercury critical concentrations to Enchytraeus crypticus (Annelida: Oligochaeta) under normal and extreme conditions of moisture in tropical soils - Reproduction and survival. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 155:365-372. [PMID: 28273622 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Soil provides many ecosystem services that are essential to maintain its quality and healthy development of the flora, fauna and human well-being. Environmental mercury levels may harm the survival and diversity of the soil fauna. In this respect, efforts have been made to establish limit values of mercury (Hg) in soils to terrestrial fauna. Soil organisms such as earthworms and enchytraeids have intimate contact with trace metals in soil by their oral and dermal routes, reflecting the potentially adverse effects of this contaminant. The main goal of this study was to obtain Hg critical concentrations under normal and extreme conditions of moisture in tropical soils to Enchytraeus crypticus to order to assess if climate change may potentiate their acute and chronic toxicity effects. Tropical soils were sampled from of two Forest Conservation Units of the Rio de Janeiro State - Brazil, which has been contaminated by Hg atmospheric depositions. Worms were exposed to three moisture conditions, at 20%, 50% and 80% of water holding capacity, respectively, and in combination with different Hg (HgCl2) concentrations spiked in three types of tropical soil (two natural soils and one artificial soil). The tested concentrations ranged from 0 to 512mg Hg kg-1 dry weight. Results indicate that the Hg toxicity is higher under increased conditions of moisture, significantly affecting survival and reproduction rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Cristhy Buch
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, s/n., Centro, 24020-007 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Rüdiger M Schmelz
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Boettgerstr. 2-14, D-65439 Flörsheim/Main, Germany
| | - Cintia Carla Niva
- Embrapa Cerrados, BR 020 km. 18, Rodovia Brasília/Fortaleza, 73310-970 Planaltina, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Emmanoel Vieira Silva-Filho
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, s/n., Centro, 24020-007 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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37
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Niva CC, Niemeyer JC, Júnior FMRDS, Nunes MET, De Sousa DL, Aragão CWS, Sautter KD, Espindola EG, Sousa JP, Römbke J. Soil ecotoxicology in Brazil is taking its course. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:11363-11378. [PMID: 27072030 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Soil ecotoxicology has been motivated by the increasing global awareness on environmental issues. Northern Hemisphere has been the main driver of this science branch; however, the number and quality of contributions from the Southern Hemisphere are increasing quickly. In this case study, Brazil is taken as an example of how soil ecotoxicology has developed over the last 30 years. It starts with a brief historical overview depicting the main events on soil ecotoxicology in the country. Following, an overview on the Brazilian legislation related to soil ecotoxicology is given, covering regulations with prospective focus, mainly on the registration of pesticides. Regulations with retrospective focus in contaminated areas are also given. Then, an outline of the actors in soil ecotoxicology and examples of prospective ecotoxicological studies performed with soil organisms and plants are given by stressor groups: pesticides, pharmaceuticals, metals, and residues. Experiences from retrospective studies, mainly looking at the assessment of industrial sites, are also covered. Emphasis is given on methodological aspects, pointing to needed actions, mainly regarding the different biotic and abiotic conditions of a tropical country. Finally, the last session discusses how soil ecotoxicology could be improved in methodological adaptations as well as legal requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Carla Niva
- Embrapa Cerrados, BR 020 BSB/FORTALEZA Km 18, Caixa-postal: 08223, Brasilia, Planaltina DF, CEP 73310-970, Brazil.
| | - Julia Carina Niemeyer
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus de Curitibanos, Rod. Ulysses Gaboardi, Km 3, Faz. Pessegueirinho, Caixa-postal 101, Curitibanos, SC, CEP 89520-000, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Edna Tenório Nunes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Engenharia Ambiental/EESC/USP, Núcleo de Ecotoxicologia e Ecologia Aplicada, CRHEA/EESC/USP, Av. Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400, Caixa-postal 292, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Danilo Lourenço De Sousa
- Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA), Diretoria de Qualidade Ambiental, Coordenação de Avaliação Ambiental de Produtos Perigosos, SCEN Trecho 2 - Ed. Sede, Brasília, Asa Norte DF, CEP 70818-900, Brazil
| | - Clara Wandenkolck Silva Aragão
- Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA), Diretoria de Qualidade Ambiental, Coordenação de Avaliação Ambiental de Produtos Perigosos, SCEN Trecho 2 - Ed. Sede, Brasília, Asa Norte DF, CEP 70818-900, Brazil
| | - Klaus Dieter Sautter
- Universidade Positivo, Pós-Graduação em Gestão Ambiental, Rua Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza, de 3841/3842 ao fim, Curitiba, PR, CEP 81280-330, Brasil
| | - Evaldo Gaeta Espindola
- Departamento de Hidráulica e Saneamento/EESC/USP, Av. Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400, Caixa-postal 292, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - José Paulo Sousa
- Department of Life Sciences, Universidade de Coimbra, Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, Lg. Marquês de Pombal, Coimbra, 3004-517, Portugal
| | - Jörg Römbke
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Böttgerstraße 2, Flörsheim am Main, 65439, Germany
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