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Chen Q, Lu K, He J, Zhou Q, Li S, Xu H, Su Y, Wang M. Effects of seasoning addition and cooking conditions on the formation of free and protein-bound heterocyclic amines and advanced glycation end products in braised lamb. Food Chem 2024; 446:138850. [PMID: 38452502 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of heterocyclic amines (HAs) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in thermally processed meats has been arising safety concerns. The effects of cooking conditions and seasoning addition on the formation of HAs and AGEs in Chinese traditional braised lamb were investigated by UPLC-MS/MS analysis. Soy sauce significantly increased the formation of HAs and AGEs, among which light soy sauce had the greatest promoting effect (69.45-15300.62 %). Conversely, spices inhibited HAs and AGEs formation, the inhibition rate of free HAs and AGEs reached 22.06-34.72 % when using 70 % ethanol extract. Hot blanching treatment and adding soy sauce and spices at a later stage could significantly suppress HAs and AGEs production. Flavonoids, including galangin, hesperidin, narirutin, etc., were identified as key effectors in spices. These findings help to promote awareness of the formation of HAs and AGEs in braised lamb and provide valuable insights for optimizing processing techniques to minimize their production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaochun Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Keyu Lu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Jiayi He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Siqian Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Yuting Su
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
| | - Mingfu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen 518060, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
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Abboud S, Ouni A, Ben Abdallah RA, Bchir A, Ben Abdelwaheb S, Tlili D, Dbara S. Unraveling the effect of phenolic extract derived from olive mill solid wastes on agro-physiological and biochemical traits of pomegranate and its associated rhizospheric soil properties. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134234. [PMID: 38608584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Agricultural waste management poses a significant challenge in circular economy strategies. Olive mill wastes (OMW) contain valuable biomolecules, especially phenolic compounds, with significant agricultural potential. Our study evaluate the effects of phenolic extract (PE) derived from olive mill solid wastes (OMSW) on pomegranate agro-physiological and biochemical responses, as well as soil-related attributes. Pomegranate plants were treated with PE at doses of 100 ppm and 200 ppm via foliar spray (L100 and L200) and soil application (S100 and S200). Results showed increased biomass with PE treatments, especially with soil application (S100 and S200). Proline and soluble sugar accumulation in leaves suggested plant adaptation to PE with low-level stress. Additionally, PE application reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents. Higher doses of PE (S200) significantly improved net photosynthesis (Pn), transpiration rate (E), water use efficiency (WUEi), and photosynthetic efficiency (fv/fm and PIabs). Furthermore, PE treatments enhanced levels of chlorophylls, carotenoids, polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. Soil application of PE also increased soil enzyme activities and microbial population. Our findings suggest the beneficial impact of PE application on pomegranate agro-physiological responses, laying the groundwork for further research across various plant species and soil types to introduce nutrient-enriched PE as an eco-friendly biostimulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Abboud
- Regional Research Centre on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, IRESA-University of Sousse, Chott mariem-Sousse, Tunisia; LR16IO02 Laboratory of sustainability of olive and fruit growing in semi-arid and arid environments, Olive Tree Institute, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Azhar Ouni
- Regional Research Centre on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, IRESA-University of Sousse, Chott mariem-Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Rania Aydi Ben Abdallah
- LR21AGR03-Production and Protection for a Sustainable Horticulture (2PHD), Regional Research Centre on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, IRESA-University of Sousse, Chott mariem-Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | - Sahar Ben Abdelwaheb
- Regional Research Centre on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, IRESA-University of Sousse, Chott mariem-Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Darine Tlili
- Regional Research Centre on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, IRESA-University of Sousse, Chott mariem-Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Dbara
- Regional Research Centre on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, IRESA-University of Sousse, Chott mariem-Sousse, Tunisia; LR16IO02 Laboratory of sustainability of olive and fruit growing in semi-arid and arid environments, Olive Tree Institute, University of Sfax, Tunisia
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Uivarasan AM, Mihaly Cozmuta L, Lukinac J, Jukić M, Šelo G, Peter A, Nicula C, Mihaly Cozmuta A. Whole Black Rice Flour Improves the Physicochemical, Glycemic, and Sensory Properties of Cracker Snacks. Foods 2024; 13:1503. [PMID: 38790805 PMCID: PMC11120445 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study describes the enhancement of the nutritional values of gluten-free rice crackers by adding whole black rice grain flour. The crackers were prepared by combining whole brown rice flour (WRF) and whole black rice flour (BRF) in ratios of 0% (WRC), 25% (25-BRC), 50% (50-BRC), 75% (75-BRC), and 100% (BRC). The resulting samples underwent in-vivo effects on postprandial blood glucose levels as well as physicochemical and sensory analysis. In comparison to WRC, the samples containing 100% added black rice flour presented higher nutritional qualities in terms of protein, by 16.61%, 8.64% for lipids, 5.61% for ash, 36.94% for crude fiber, 58.04% for total polyphenols, 95.49% for proanthocyanidins, and 88.07% for flavonoids. The addition of BRF had a suppressing effect on lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*), while redness (a*) increased. The results of the glycemic measurements confirmed that consumption of crackers made from brown or black whole-grain rice grain flour does not generate glycemic peaks above the limit of 30 mg/dL in baseline blood glucose levels. The results of developing rice crackers from black and brown flour blends showed promising physicochemical and nutritional properties and could provide a good alternative to wheat flour as a gluten-free product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Maria Uivarasan
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, Technical University of Cluj Napoca, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania; (A.M.U.); (L.M.C.); (A.P.); (C.N.)
| | - Leonard Mihaly Cozmuta
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, Technical University of Cluj Napoca, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania; (A.M.U.); (L.M.C.); (A.P.); (C.N.)
| | - Jasmina Lukinac
- Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (J.L.); (M.J.)
| | - Marko Jukić
- Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (J.L.); (M.J.)
| | - Gordana Šelo
- Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (J.L.); (M.J.)
| | - Anca Peter
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, Technical University of Cluj Napoca, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania; (A.M.U.); (L.M.C.); (A.P.); (C.N.)
| | - Camelia Nicula
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, Technical University of Cluj Napoca, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania; (A.M.U.); (L.M.C.); (A.P.); (C.N.)
| | - Anca Mihaly Cozmuta
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, Technical University of Cluj Napoca, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania; (A.M.U.); (L.M.C.); (A.P.); (C.N.)
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D'Alessandro AG, Desantis S, Fracchiolla G, Porrelli R, Dibenedetto RS, Di Luca A, Martemucci G. Response of laying hens fed diet supplemented with a mixture of olive, laurel, and rosemary leaf powders: Metabolic profile, oxidative status, intestinal histomorphology, and egg quality. Res Vet Sci 2024; 174:105294. [PMID: 38744020 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a mixture of olive, laurel, and rosemary leaf powders, on the oxidative state, biochemical, immune, intestinal morphophysiological parameters, and egg quality of laying hens. One hundred Lohmann Brown hens (28 weeks old) were equally assigned to two groups (n. 50) corresponding to a basal control diet (CON) or the diet supplemented with 6 g/kg feed of leaf powder mixture (LPM) containing olive, laurel, and rosemary leaves (1:1:1), for 60 days. Oxidative status, biochemical indices, immune response, cecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), intestinal morphological characteristics, and some egg traits were evaluated at the end of the experiment. The results indicated that LPM improved (P < 0.05) the oxidative status (TOS, ROMs), the immune system (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α), the total protein and HDL cholesterol content, whereas it decreased (P < 0.05) total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and alanine aminotransferase were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the LPM than in the CON group. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in SCFA content in the caecum, as well as in villi height and crypt depth in both duodenum and ileum of LPM-treated hens, was observed. Egg quality parameters were not influenced (P > 0.05) by LPM. These findings indicate that LPM can be considered a candidate as an antioxidant ingredient for functional food in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salvatore Desantis
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. 62 per Casamassima Km 3, 70010 Valenzano (Bari), Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Fracchiolla
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | | | | | - Alessio Di Luca
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences (DiSSPA), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Couto AF, Estevinho BN. Valorization of Agricultural By-Products ( Fragaria vesca) through the Production of Value-Added Micro/Nanostructures Using Electrohydrodynamic Techniques. Foods 2024; 13:1162. [PMID: 38672833 PMCID: PMC11048920 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
An innovative approach for the production of bio-micro/nanostructures with high-value compounds from agricultural by-products was studied. This research aimed to valorize bioactive compounds existing in the by-products of the plants of Fragaria vesca (wild strawberry). The particle characteristics, morphology, size, release properties, and antioxidant activity of micro/nanostructures containing the extract of by-products of the plants of Fragaria vesca or quercetin (one of the main polyphenols in the plant) were analyzed. The electrohydrodynamic (EHD) technique was utilized for encapsulation. The results showed that the morphology and size of the structures were influenced by the concentration of zein, with 10% w/v zein concentration leading to irregular and non-uniform nanostructures, while 20% w/v zein concentration resulted in a mixture of microparticles and thin fibers with an irregular surface. The type and concentration of the core material did not significantly affect the morphology of the micro/nanostructures. In vitro release studies demonstrated the controlled release of the core materials from the zein micro/nanostructures. The release profiles were analyzed using the Korsmeyer-Peppas and Weibull models, which provided insights into the release mechanisms and kinetics. The most relevant release mechanism is associated with "Fickian Diffusion". The antioxidant activity of the structures was evaluated using an ABTS radical-scavenging assay, indicating their potential as antioxidants. In conclusion, the EHD technique enabled the successful encapsulation of Fragaria vesca by-product extract and quercetin with zein, resulting in micro/nanostructures with different morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Francisca Couto
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Berta N. Estevinho
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Çetin-Babaoğlu H. A new approach to snack production: sourdough corn flakes with low glycemic index. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 61:697-705. [PMID: 38410273 PMCID: PMC10894148 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
In this study, sourdough powder was used as a natural additive to enhance functional properties and reduce glycemic index of corn flakes. Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactococcus lactis, previously isolated from sourdough samples, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used as starter cultures to produce sourdough powder from wheat flour. To produce corn flakes sourdough powder was replaced by maize flour in amounts of 15 and 30%, while the control sample contained no sourdough powder. The total phenolic content, 2,2-di-phenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of the samples were 421.58 mg GAE/kg, 333.90 µM TE/g, 62.53 mg/kg for control sample, 482.41 mg GAE/kg, 350.60 µM TE/g, 82.22 mg/kg for corn flakes with 15% sourdough, and 531.10 mg GAE/kg, 368.14 µM TE/g, 117.42 mg/kg for corn flakes with 30% sourdough, respectively. Total dietary fibre content, the starch hydrolysis rate, and rapidly digestible starch (RDS) values of corn flakes samples decreased with the addition of 30% sourdough powder (P < 0.05). The estimated glycemic index (eGI), which was 95.76 for the control sample, decreased to 83.41 for the sample with 30% sourdough. The addition of sourdough had no negative effect on the sensorial properties (P > 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hümeyra Çetin-Babaoğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Agriculture Faculty, Selcuk University, 42050 Konya, Turkey
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7
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Sanches VL, Strieder MM, Breitkreitz MC, Bezerra RMN, O Chaves J, Lopes de Oliveira I, de Souza Mesquita LM, Viganó J, Sanches Contieri L, Stein Pizani R, Rostagno MA. Pressurized liquid extraction assisted by high-intensity ultrasound to obtain hesperidin from lime waste: Integration of in-line purification and on-line chromatographic analysis. Food Res Int 2024; 182:114134. [PMID: 38519156 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Hesperidin is a phenolic compound usually found in citrus fruits, which is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This bioactive compound has already been used to formulate medications to treat chronic venous insufficiency. In this work, through a system which allows the in-line coupling of the pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and high-intensity ultrasound (HIUS) with solid phase extraction (SPE), and analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-Vis detector (HPLC-UV) in on-line mode, a method was developed to obtain, separate, and quantify hesperidin from the industrial waste of lime. An eco-friendly approach with water and ethanol as extraction solvents was used. Parameters such as temperature (80, 100, and 120 °C) and HIUS power (0, 200, and 400 W) were evaluated regarding hesperidin yield. In this context, the higher hesperidin yield (18.25 ± 1.52 mg/g) was achieved using water at a subcritical state (120 °C and 15 MPa). The adsorbent SepraTM C-18-E isolated hesperidin from the other extracted compounds employing 50% ethanol in the SPE elution. The possibility ofon-lineanalysis coupling a high-performance liquid chromatograph to an ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV) system was studied and shown to be a feasible approach for developing integrated technologies. Conventional extractions and their antioxidant capacities were evaluated, highlighting the advantages of the HIUS-PLE-SPE extractive method. Furthermore, the on-linechromatographic analysis showed the potential of the HIUS-PLE-SPE- HPLC-UV system to quantify the extracted compounds in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor L Sanches
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, 12383-250 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Monique Martins Strieder
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, 12383-250 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia Cristina Breitkreitz
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research and Chemometrics (LabFarQui), Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Josué de Castro s/n, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosângela Maria Neves Bezerra
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, 12383-250 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Jaísa O Chaves
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, 12383-250 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Isadora Lopes de Oliveira
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, 12383-250 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M de Souza Mesquita
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, 12383-250 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliane Viganó
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Sanches Contieri
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, 12383-250 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Stein Pizani
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, 12383-250 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Maurício A Rostagno
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, 12383-250 Limeira, SP, Brazil.
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Yue Z, Zhang G, Wang J, Wang J, Luo S, Zhang B, Li Z, Liu Z. Comparative study of the quality indices, antioxidant substances, and mineral elements in different forms of cabbage. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:187. [PMID: 38481163 PMCID: PMC10938656 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the second largest leafy vegetable, cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) is grown globally, and the characteristics of the different varieties, forms, and colors of cabbage may differ. In this study, five analysis methods-variance analysis, correlation analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and comprehensive ranking-were used to evaluate the quality indices (soluble protein, soluble sugar, and nitrate), antioxidant content (vitamin C, polyphenols, and flavonoids), and mineral (K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) content of 159 varieties of four forms (green spherical, green oblate, purple spherical, and green cow heart) of cabbage. RESULTS The results showed that there are significant differences among different forms and varieties of cabbage. Compared to the other three forms, the purple spherical cabbage had the highest flavonoid, K, Mg, Cu, Mn, and Zn content. A scatter plot of the principal component analysis showed that the purple spherical and green cow heart cabbage varieties were distributed to the same quadrant, indicating that their quality indices and mineral contents were highly consistent, while those of the green spherical and oblate varieties were irregularly distributed. Overall, the green spherical cabbage ranked first, followed by the green cow heart, green oblate, and purple spherical varieties. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation and high-quality breeding of cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Yue
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guobin Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shilei Luo
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaozhuang Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeci Liu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
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Kučuk N, Primožič M, Kotnik P, Knez Ž, Leitgeb M. Mango Peels as an Industrial By-Product: A Sustainable Source of Compounds with Antioxidant, Enzymatic, and Antimicrobial Activity. Foods 2024; 13:553. [PMID: 38397530 PMCID: PMC10888073 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant waste materials are important sources of bioactive compounds with remarkable health-promoting benefits. In particular, industrial by-products such as mango peels are sustainable sources of bioactive substances, with antioxidant, enzymatic, and antimicrobial activity. Appropriate processing is essential to obtain highly bioactive compounds for further use in generating value-added products for the food industry. The objective of the study was to investigate and compare the biological activity of compounds from fresh and dried mango peels obtained by different conventional methods and unconventional extraction methods using supercritical fluids (SFE). The highest total phenolic content (25.0 mg GAE/g DW) and the total content of eight phenolic compounds (829.92 µg/g DW) determined by LC-MS/MS were detected in dried mango peel extract obtained by the Soxhlet process (SE). SFE gave the highest content of proanthocyanidins (0.4 mg PAC/g DW). The ethanolic ultrasonic process (UAE) provided the highest antioxidant activity of the product (82.4%) using DPPH radical scavenging activity and total protein content (2.95 mg protein/g DW). Overall, the dried mango peels were richer in bioactive compounds (caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, catechin, and hesperidin/neohesperidin), indicating successful preservation during air drying. Furthermore, outstanding polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lipase activities were detected in mango peel extracts. This is the first study in which remarkable antibacterial activities against the growth of Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) were evaluated by determining the microbial growth inhibition rate after 12 and 24 h incubation periods for mango peel extracts obtained by different methods. Ethanolic SE and UAE extracts from dried mango peels resulted in the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC90) for all bacterial species tested. Mango peels are remarkable waste products that could contribute to the sustainable development of exceptional products with high-added value for various applications, especially as dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Kučuk
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Mateja Primožič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Petra Kotnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Željko Knez
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Leitgeb
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Jyoti MA, Shah MS, Uddin MN, Hossain MK, Han A, Geng P, Islam MN, Mamun AA. Anti-oxidant and neuro-modulatory effects of bioactive Byttneria pilosa leaf extract in swiss albino mice using behavioral models. Front Chem 2024; 12:1341308. [PMID: 38389724 PMCID: PMC10881790 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1341308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Byttneria pilosa, a flowering plant from the Malvaceae family traditionally used to treat ailments such as boils and scabies, is here investigated for its potential health benefits. The study focused on evaluating its antioxidant and antidiabetic properties in vitro, as well as the in vivo anxiolytic and antidepressant activities of the methanol extract of B. pilosa leaf (MEBP). The study employed various assays to evaluate antioxidant activity, including 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, reducing power capacity, and quantification of the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of MEBP. Additionally, anxiolytic and antidepressant activities were evaluated through four tests: elevated plus-maze test (EPMT), light-dark box test (LDBT), forced swimming test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST). Antidiabetic effect was determined using α-amylase inhibition assay. Docking analysis was performed using BIOVIA and Schrödinger Maestro (v11.1), and the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion/toxicity (ADME/T) properties of bioactive substances were investigated using a web-based technique. MEBP exhibited moderate antioxidant activity in DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power capacity assays, with a dose-dependent response. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents measured were 70 ± 1.53 mg and 22.33 ± 1.20 mg, respectively. MEBP demonstrated significant effects in α-amylase inhibition comparable to acarbose. In behavioral tests, MEBP dose-dependently altered time spent in open arms/light box and closed arms/dark box, indicating anxiolytic effects. Moreover, MEBP significantly reduced immobility duration in FST and TST, suggesting antidepressant properties. Molecular docking analysis revealed favorable interactions between beta-sitosterol and specific targets, suggesting the potential mediation of anxiolytic and antidiabetic effects. Overall, MEBP exhibits notable anxiolytic and antidepressant properties, along with moderate antioxidant and antidiabetic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mifta Ahmed Jyoti
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahin Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Najim Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life and Earth Science, Jagannath University, Dhaka,Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Kamrul Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Aixia Han
- Central Laboratory of The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peiwu Geng
- Central Laboratory of The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mohammad Nazmul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Central Laboratory of The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Wang D, Li H, Hou TY, Zhang ZJ, Li HZ. Effects of conjugated interactions between Perilla seed meal proteins and different polyphenols on the structural and functional properties of proteins. Food Chem 2024; 433:137345. [PMID: 37666124 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to perform alkali-induced covalent modification of perilla seed meal protein (PSMP) using different polyphenols: gallic acid (GA), protocatechuic acid (PCA), caffeic acid (CA), apigenin (API) and luteolin (LU). Covalent binding between different polyphenols and PSMP was found to occur, with PSMP-LU showing the highest binding rate of 90.89 ± 1.37 mg/g; the fluorescence spectrum of PSMP-CA showed a maximum blue shift of Δ13.4 nm; the solubility increased from 69.626 ± 1.39 % to 83.102 ± 0.98 %. In order to better understand how these covalent conjugates, stabilize -carotene in emulsions, they were utilized as emulsifiers in an emulsion delivery method. The work further reveals the formation of PSMP-polyphenol conjugates and develops a novel emulsification system to deliver readily decomposable functional factors, providing a potential scenario for the application of PSMP and bioactive conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - He Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
| | - Tian-Yu Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Hui-Zhen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
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12
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Djaoudene O, Bachir-Bey M, Schisano C, Djebari S, Tenore GC, Romano A. A Sustainable Extraction Approach of Phytochemicals from Date ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) Fruit Cultivars Using Ultrasound-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent: A Comprehensive Study on Bioactivity and Phenolic Variability. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:181. [PMID: 38397779 PMCID: PMC10886234 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) on the extraction of phytochemicals from eight Algerian date fruit cultivars (Phoenix dactylifera L.). In this study, lactic acid/sucrose-based NADESs were used as an alternative to conventional chemical solvents using the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method. The obtained extracts were assessed for the determination of bioactive compound contents, phenolic composition, antioxidant activity, and enzyme inhibitory potential. The results showed a considerable variation in phytochemical compositions and related activities between cultivars, where the greatest contents of total phenolics (1288.7 mg GAE/100 g), total flavonoids (53.8 mg QE/100 g), proanthocyanidins (179.5 mg CE/g), and total triterpenoids (12.88 mg OAE/100 g) were detected in the fruits of the Ourous cultivar. The same cultivar displayed the highest antioxidant capacity against DPPH• free radical (595 mg AAE/100 g), ABTS•+ cation radical (839 mg TE/100 g), and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (704 mg AAE/100 g). All extracts manifested moderate antioxidant activities tested by phosphomolybdenum, NO•, and linoleic acid lipid peroxidation assays. These extracts also exhibited interesting levels of in vitro enzyme inhibition; the Ourous cultivar gave the best inhibitory activity against α-amylase and acetylcholinesterase with 45 and 37%, respectively. HPLC-DAD-MS detected a total of five compounds, with phenolic acids and flavonoids being the main phenolics identified in the extract. The phenolic composition exhibited significant variability among cultivars. Notably, the highest amounts were revealed in the Tazizaout cultivar, with the predominance of gallic acid. The results confirmed that the combination of UAE and NADESs provides a novel and important alternative to chemical solvents for sustainable and environmentally friendly extraction and can represent a good alternative in food and pharmaceutical industry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouarda Djaoudene
- Centre de Recherche en Technologies Agroalimentaires, Route de Targa Ouzemmour, Campus Universitaire, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
| | - Mostapha Bachir-Bey
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
| | - Connie Schisano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.S.); (G.C.T.)
| | - Sabrina Djebari
- Laboratory of Biomathematic, Biophysic, Biochemistry and Scientometry, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
| | - Gian Carlo Tenore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.S.); (G.C.T.)
| | - Anabela Romano
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
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13
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Sammari H, Jedidi S, Selmi H, Jridi M, Ayari A, Sebai H. Phytochemical Properties of Crataegus azarolus Berries Decoction Extract and Evaluation of its Protective Activity Against Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats. Dose Response 2024; 22:15593258241226890. [PMID: 38223297 PMCID: PMC10785741 DOI: 10.1177/15593258241226890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the protective effect of Crataegus azarolus berries decoction extract (CAB-DE) against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis as well as the mechanisms implicated in such protection. Adult male Wistar rats were separated into seven groups: Control (H2O), acetic acid (AA), AA + various doses of CAB-DE (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, b.w.,p.o.), and AA + sulfasalazine (100 mg/kg, b.w.,p.o.) or gallic acid (50 mg/kg, b.w.,p.o.) during 10 days. All rats were kept fasting overnight and ulcerative colitis was induced by rectal infusion of AA (300 mg kg-1, b.w.) (3%, v/v, 5 mL kg-1 b.w), for 30 s. The colon was rapidly excised and macroscopically examined to measure ulcerated surfaces and the ulcer index. In vitro, we found that CAB-DE exhibited a high antioxidant activity against DPPH radical (IC50 = 164.17 ± 4.78 μg/mL). In vivo, pretreatment with CAB-DE significantly protected the colonic mucosa against AA-induced damage by stimulating mucus secretion, reducing ulcer index as well as histopathological changes. Also, CAB-DE limited the oxidative status induced by AA in the colonic mucosa, as assessed by MDA and H2O2 increased levels and the depletion of both enzymatic activities and non-enzymatic levels. In addition, AA intoxication increased iron and calcium levels in colonic mucosa and plasma, while CAB-DE pretreatment regulated all intracellular mediators deregulation and significantly reduced inflammatory markers such as CRP (1.175 ± .04 ─ .734 ± .06 μg/dl) and ALP (161.53 ± 5.02 ─ 98.60 ± 4.21 UI/L) levels. We suggest that CAB-DE protected against AA-induced ulcerative colitis due in part to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houcem Sammari
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Beja, Université de Jendouba, Beja, Tunisie
- Université de Jendouba, Institut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka, Tabarka, Tunisie
| | - Saber Jedidi
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Beja, Université de Jendouba, Beja, Tunisie
- Université de Jendouba, Institut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka, Tabarka, Tunisie
| | - Houcine Selmi
- Université de Jendouba, Institut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka, Tabarka, Tunisie
| | - Mourad Jridi
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Beja, Université de Jendouba, Beja, Tunisie
| | - Ala Ayari
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Beja, Université de Jendouba, Beja, Tunisie
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Beja, Université de Jendouba, Beja, Tunisie
- Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, Université de la Manouba, Manouba, Tunisie
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Ismail J, Shebaby WN, Daher J, Boulos JC, Taleb R, Daher CF, Mroueh M. The Wild Carrot ( Daucus carota): A Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:93. [PMID: 38202401 PMCID: PMC10781147 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Daucus carota L., a member of the Apiaceae family, comprises 13 subspecies, with one being cultivated (D. carota L. ssp. sativus (Hoffm.) Arcang.) and the remaining being wild. Traditionally, the wild carrot has been recognized for its antilithic, diuretic, carminative, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory properties and has been employed in the treatment of urinary calculus, cystitis, gout, prostatitis, and cancer. While extensive literature is available on the phytochemical, pharmacological, and therapeutic evaluations of the cultivated carrot, limited information has been published on the wild carrot. A thorough search was conducted on the phytochemical composition, folk-medicine uses, and pharmacological properties of wild carrot subspecies (Daucus carota L. ssp. carota). Various electronic databases were consulted, and the literature spanning from 1927 to early 2023 was reviewed. Thirteen wild Daucus carota subspecies were analyzed, revealing over 310 compounds, including terpenoids, phenylpropenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, with 40 constituting more than 3% of the composition. This review also highlights the antioxidant, anticancer, antipyretic, analgesic, antibacterial, antifungal, hypolipidemic, and hepato- and gastroprotective properties of wild carrot subspecies. Existing in vitro and in vivo studies support their traditional uses in treating infections, inflammation, and cancer. However, further research on other subspecies is required to confirm additional applications. Well-designed preclinical and clinical trials are still necessary to establish the safety and efficacy of wild Daucus carota for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Ismail
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon; (J.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Wassim N. Shebaby
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon; (J.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Joey Daher
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon;
| | - Joelle C. Boulos
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Robin Taleb
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon; (R.T.); (C.F.D.)
| | - Costantine F. Daher
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon; (R.T.); (C.F.D.)
- Alice Ramez Chagoury School of Nursing, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad Mroueh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102-2801, Lebanon; (J.I.); (M.M.)
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15
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Wang X, Deng P, Cheng A, Sun S, Sun K, Sun Z, Zhan X, Zhang C, Dong X, Peng L, Peng C. Decoding the enhanced antioxidant activities of the combined small berry pomaces by widely targeted metabolomics analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22623. [PMID: 38213589 PMCID: PMC10782173 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Small berry pomaces (SBPs) are poorly utilized as an inexpensive source of bioactive compounds. This study investigated the impact of compounding treatment on nutritional and antioxidant characteristics of combined SBPs, in comparison with single SBP. The results showed that the amounts of protein, minerals, dietary fiber (DF) and anthocyanidins were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in combined SBPs than in combined fruits. Moreover, the combined SBPs were characterized by an elevated abundance of minerals and anthocyanidins (6 kinds, and 5 kinds, respectively), substantiating the effectiveness of compounding treatment on SBP nutrition. A total of 776 secondary phytochemicals were detected in combined SBPs by a widely targeted metabolomics approach. Each SBP contained approximately 100 kinds of unique natural antioxidants. Furthermore, the combined SBPs group had the highest antioxidant activity compared with single SBP. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activities determined in combined SBPs were higher than arithmetic mean value of single SBP. The synergism and interaction of active components in different sources of SBPs play vital role in the high antioxidant capacity of combined SBPs. All the results provide reference for the comprehensive development and utilization of fruit residues. The SBPs should be highly prized for their substantial amount of nutritional and bioactive constituents, including protein, DF, essential minerals and secondary metabolites. These secondary metabolites are positively associated with antioxidant benefits. The present study summarizes the knowledge about bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of combined SBPs group and discusses the relevant mechanisms. A conclusion can be educed that combined process is an effective way to improve properties of the pomaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Peng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Anwei Cheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Sujun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Kaining Sun
- Institute of Vegetables, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Shandong Branch of National Improvement Center for Vegetables /Huang-Huai-Hai Region Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Vegetables /Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable Biology, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Zhou Sun
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Congjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Xiaodan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Lizeng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Chune Peng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
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16
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Postružnik V, Žitek Makoter T, Goričanec D, Kotnik P, Knez Ž, Knez Marevci M. Extraction of Active Compounds from Mixtures of Hemp ( Cannabis sativa) with Plants of the Zingiberaceae Family. Molecules 2023; 28:7826. [PMID: 38067554 PMCID: PMC10708002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemp is probably one of the most studied plants for its health-promoting properties, with countless documented and patented extraction methods, but literature is scarce on the simultaneous extraction of mixture of raw materials. Hemp, along with other plant materials, could represent a potentially highly valuable source material with resulting reciprocal effects. In this study, hemp (Cannabis sativa) and three members of the Zingiberaceae family, ginger (Zingiber officinale), turmeric (Curcuma longa), and cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum), were extracted simultaneously, and their bioactive component values were investigated. Two extraction methods were used, namely ultrasound-assisted extraction with ethanol and supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide. First, extracts were obtained from separate plant materials. Then, hemp was extracted in combination with ginger, turmeric, and cardamom in a 1:1 ratio. The extracts obtained were evaluated for their antioxidant activity and total phenolic content using UV/VIS spectrophotometry; cannabinoid content, 6-gingerol, and 6-shogaol were measured using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); volatile components such as 1,8-cineole, alpha-terpinyl acetate, linalool, and aR-turmerone were measured using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Postružnik
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia (T.Ž.M.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Taja Žitek Makoter
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia (T.Ž.M.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Darko Goričanec
- Laboratory of Thermoenergetics, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Petra Kotnik
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia (T.Ž.M.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Željko Knez
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia (T.Ž.M.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maša Knez Marevci
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia (T.Ž.M.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
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Laeliocattleya RA, Yunianta Y, Risjani Y, Wulan SN. Characterization of 'novel fucoidan' extracted from brown seaweed ( Sargassum echinocarpum J. Ag.) using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) and its potential antioxidant activity. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37980606 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2282111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidan of Sargassum echinocarpum was extracted using the UAE method. This method produced a fucoidan extract with a yield of 2.82-3.93% and antioxidant activity of 44.57-98.77 ppm at different temperatures and extraction times. The total sulphate, fucose, phenolic, protein, and uronic acid contents were 5.50-6.24%, 17.22-63.22%, 14.66-78.20 mgGAE/g, 0-14.42 mg/g, and 191.43-353.76 mg/g, respectively. Furthermore, extraction treatment with UAE also affected the topology and morphology of the fucoidan extract. The analysis results showed the presence of monosaccharides such as galactose 1.37%, mannose 0.642%, and xylose 2.86%, while glucose and rhamnose were not detected. The extract also had the same absorption band as the fucose and fucoidan standard (F. vesiculosus) as well as a similar basic skeletal structure. Based on the experimental results, the fucoidan extract had excellent antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalina Ariesta Laeliocattleya
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
- AlgaEn Research Center, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Yunianta Yunianta
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
- AlgaEn Research Center, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Yenny Risjani
- Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
- AlgaEn Research Center, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Siti Narsito Wulan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
- AlgaEn Research Center, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
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18
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Slaček G, Kotnik P, Osmić A, Postružnik V, Knez Ž, Finšgar M, Knez Marevci M. The Extraction Process, Separation, and Identification of Curcuminoids from Turmeric Curcuma longa. Foods 2023; 12:4000. [PMID: 37959119 PMCID: PMC10648903 DOI: 10.3390/foods12214000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Turmeric Curcuma longa is a well-known spice with various health benefits, attributed primarily to curcumin. Soxhlet extraction, cold maceration, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and supercritical fluid extraction were performed, and the content of total phenols, proanthocyanidins, and antioxidants was analysed by UV/VIS spectrophotometry. High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was employed to identify and quantify the curcumin content. Supercritical extracts had the highest total phenolic content (538.95 mg GA/100 g material), while the Soxhlet extracts had the highest content of proanthocyanidins (4.77 mg PAC/100 g of material). Extracts obtained by UAE and supercritical extraction have the highest antioxidant potential. Antioxidant activity measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) was 64.27% and 1750.32 mg Trolox per g dry weight by 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulphonic acid) (ABTS+•) for the extract obtained by supercritical extraction. The UAE resulted in the highest amount of curcumin (1.91 mg curcumin/g material). A kinetic study showed that extraction yield in supercritical extracts decreased with increasing temperature and that the content of isolated curcumin was inversely proportional to solvent-to-feed ratio (S/F). The present study has confirmed that turmeric is an excellent source of antioxidants, such as curcumin, that play an important role in reducing cellular stress by neutralising free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Slaček
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (G.S.); (P.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (Ž.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Petra Kotnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (G.S.); (P.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (Ž.K.); (M.F.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska 8, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Azra Osmić
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (G.S.); (P.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (Ž.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Vesna Postružnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (G.S.); (P.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (Ž.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Željko Knez
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (G.S.); (P.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (Ž.K.); (M.F.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska 8, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Finšgar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (G.S.); (P.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (Ž.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Maša Knez Marevci
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (G.S.); (P.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (Ž.K.); (M.F.)
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Shah ZM, Naz R, Naz S, Zahoor S, Nosheen A, Shahid M, Anwar Z, Keyani R. Incorporation of zinc sulfide nanoparticles, Acinetobacter pittii and Bacillus velezensis to improve tomato plant growth, biochemical attributes and resistance against Rhizoctoniasolani. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107909. [PMID: 37632995 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Green nanobiotechnology and beneficial bacterial strains as biofertilizers are crucial in agriculture to achieve food security. Both these strategies have been individually studied in improving plant resistance against phytopathogens along with enhancing plant productivity. Therefore, objective of this study was to explore the eco-friendly and cost-effective approach of utilizing plant growth promoting and disease suppressing bacterial strains and nanoparticles, individually as well as in combination, as bio-stimulants to improve plant growth, antioxidant defense system, nutrition and yield of tomato. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the zinc sulfide nanoparticles (ZnS NPs) synthesized by using Jacaranda mimosifolia flower extracts (JFE), Acinetobacter pittii and Bacillus velezensis either individually or in combinations to check their potential against Rhizoctonia solani in tomato to suppress root rot infection and improve growth and yield. Among all the combinations the JFE-ZnS NPs + B. velezensis compared to untreated infected plants showed minimum disease incidence and maximum significant protection (66%) against R. solani instigated root rot that was followed by JFE-ZnS NPs + A. pittii and individual application of JFE-ZnS NPs by 58%. The same treatment showed maximum significant increase in plant fresh and dry biomass. B. velezensis significantly increased the photosynthetic pigments when applied individually. However, JFE-ZnS NPs alone and in mixed treatments with B. velezensis efficiently improved total soluble protein, sugar and phenolic contents. The same interactive application of JFE-ZnS NPs + B. velezensis improved the tomato plant nutrition (silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) and potassium (K)) and redox quenching status by improving the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes. Overall, the interactive use of JFE-ZnS NPs with A. pittii and B. velezensis very appropriately prepared the host plant to fight against the negative effects of root rot pathogen in tomato. Advancements in interactively investigating the nanoparticles with beneficial plant growth promoting bacterial strains importantly can contribute in resolving the challenges of food security. According to our information, this is a pioneer report for implying JFE-ZnS NPs in synergism with A. pittii and B. velezensis to hinder the root rot in tomatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rabia Naz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sidra Naz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Zahoor
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asia Nosheen
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Anwar
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan
| | - Rumana Keyani
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
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Salim NS, Abdel-Alim M, Said HEM, Foda MF. Phenolic Profiles, Antihyperglycemic, Anti-Diabetic, and Antioxidant Properties of Egyptian Sonchus oleraceus Leaves Extract: An In Vivo Study. Molecules 2023; 28:6389. [PMID: 37687218 PMCID: PMC10489745 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the phenolic and antioxidant properties of Egyptian Sonchus oleraceus leaves extract (SOE) while comparing the antihyperglycemic efficacy of SOE with that of conventional medicines (glibenclamide) in vivo as a substitution for insulin-deficient patients. Total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid contents (TFC) in SOE contributed around 127.66 ± 0.56 mg GAE/gm as gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and 74.80 ± 0.55 mg QE/gm as quercetin equivalent (QE). SOE also showed significant DPPH scavenging activity at 43.46%. The presence of five phenolic and six flavonoid compounds in SOE was discovered by HPLC analysis. For the in vivo assay, 42 rats were distributed into six groups (7 Wister albino rats each). The standard control group was fed a basal diet. While the 35 rats were induced with a single dose of 100 mg kg-1 body weight (b.w.) alloxan, then treated orally with glibenclamide (GLI) at 10 mg kg-1, 100, 200, and 300 mg kg-1 SOE (positive control group) for 56 days of routine gastric oral gavages and compared to the effects of GLI, the treatment of SOE 200 and 300 mg kg-1 in diabetic rats for two months dramatically decreased blood glucose, total lipid, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) while boosting high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) levels and improving liver and kidney functions. The histological assay revealed that the SOE 300 mg kg-1 treatment significantly improved the pancreas tissues, implying the potential application of Egyptian SOE as a diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrein S. Salim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor 13736, Egypt; (N.S.S.); (M.A.-A.)
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Alim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor 13736, Egypt; (N.S.S.); (M.A.-A.)
| | - Huda E. M. Said
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed F. Foda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor 13736, Egypt; (N.S.S.); (M.A.-A.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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21
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Kim S, Lee KH, Lee J, Lee SK, Chun Y, Lee JH, Yoo HY. Efficient Recovery Strategy of Luteolin from Agricultural Waste Peanut Shells and Activity Evaluation of Its Functional Biomolecules. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12366. [PMID: 37569741 PMCID: PMC10419010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Peanut shells (PSs) generated from agricultural waste contain valuable compounds with bioactive properties such as anti-aging, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, making it desirable to recycle them as a sustainable resource. The aim of this study is to design an effective luteolin recovery process as the first step of an integrated biorefinery utilizing PSs as raw material. The major extraction variables and their ranges for luteolin recovery from PSs were determined (0-60 °C, 1-5 h, 0-100% MeOH concentration) and a predictive model was derived through a response surface methodology (RSM). Based on the predictive model, the equation determined for the maximal extraction of luteolin at 1 h was as follows: y = -1.8475x + 159.57, and the significant range of variables was as follows: 33.8 °C ≤ temperature (x) ≤ 48.5 °C and 70.0% ≤ MeOH concentration (y) ≤ 97.5%, respectively. High antioxidant and elastase inhibitory activities of PS extracts were confirmed, and these results support their potential to be used as functional materials. In addition, 39.2% of the solid residue after extraction was carbohydrate, which has potential as a carbon source for fermentation. This study provides a useful direction on an integrated biorefinery approach for sustainable agricultural waste valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, 20, Hongjimun 2-Gil, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (K.H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Kang Hyun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, 20, Hongjimun 2-Gil, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (K.H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jeongho Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, 20, Hongjimun 2-Gil, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (K.H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Soo Kweon Lee
- Fermentation Team, Lotte R&D Center, 210 Magokjungang-Ro, Gangseo-Gu, Seoul 07594, Republic of Korea;
| | - Youngsang Chun
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Shinhan University, Uijeongbu 11644, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ja Hyun Lee
- Department of Convergence Bio-Chemical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan-si 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hah Young Yoo
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, 20, Hongjimun 2-Gil, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (K.H.L.); (J.L.)
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22
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Du J, Li Y, Lu X, Geng Z, Yuan Y, Liu Y, Li J, Wang M, Wang J. Metabolomics-based study on the changes of endogenous metabolites during adventitious bud formation from leaf margin of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107845. [PMID: 37364508 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken is an ornamental and ethno-medicine plant, which can grow a circle of adventitious bud around the leaf margin. The dynamic change of metabolites during the development of B. pinnatum remains poorly understood. Here, leaves from B. pinnatum at four developmental stages were sampled based on morphological characteristics. A non-targeted metabolomics approach was used to evaluate the changes of endogenous metabolites during adventitious bud formation in B. pinnatum. The results showed that differential metabolites were mainly enriched in sphingolipid metabolism, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathway. The metabolites assigned to amino acids, flavonoids, sphingolipids, and the plant hormone jasmonic acid decreased from period Ⅰ to Ⅱ, and then increased from period Ⅲ to Ⅳ with the emergence of adventitious bud (period Ⅲ). While the metabolites related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing during the four observation periods. Depending on the metabolite changes, leaves may provide conditions similar to in vitro culture for adventitious bud to occur, thus enabling adventitious bud to grow at the leaf edge. Our results provide a basis for illustrating the regulatory mechanisms of adventitious bud in B. pinnatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Du
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhaopeng Geng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Juanling Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Minjuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Junli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
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23
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Martinović J, Lukinac J, Jukić M, Ambrus R, Planinić M, Šelo G, Klarić AM, Perković G, Bucić-Kojić A. In Vitro Bioaccessibility Assessment of Phenolic Compounds from Encapsulated Grape Pomace Extract by Ionic Gelation. Molecules 2023; 28:5285. [PMID: 37446946 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Grape pomace is a by-product of winemaking characterized by a rich chemical composition from which phenolics stand out. Phenolics are health-promoting agents, and their beneficial effects depend on their bioaccessibility, which is influenced by gastrointestinal digestion. The effect of encapsulating phenol-rich grape pomace extract (PRE) with sodium alginate (SA), a mixture of SA with gelatin (SA-GEL), and SA with chitosan (SA-CHIT) on the bioaccessibility index (BI) of phenolics during simulated digestion in vitro was studied. A total of 27 individual phenolic compounds (IPCs) were quantified by UHPLC. The addition of a second coating to SA improved the encapsulation efficiency (EE), and the highest EE was obtained for SA-CHIT microbeads (56.25%). Encapsulation affected the physicochemical properties (size, shape and texture, morphology, crystallinity) of the produced microbeads, which influenced the delivery of phenolics to the intestine and their BI. Thus, SA-GEL microbeads had the largest size parameters, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the highest BI for total phenolic compounds and IPCs (gallic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and o-coumaric acid, epicatechin, and gallocatechin gallate) ranged from 96.20 to 1011.3%. The results suggest that encapsulated PRE has great potential to be used as a functional ingredient in products for oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josipa Martinović
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Jasmina Lukinac
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marko Jukić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Rita Ambrus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mirela Planinić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Gordana Šelo
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ana-Marija Klarić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Gabriela Perković
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ana Bucić-Kojić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
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24
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Miljanović A, Dent M, Grbin D, Pedisić S, Zorić Z, Marijanović Z, Jerković I, Bielen A. Sage, Rosemary, and Bay Laurel Hydrodistillation By-Products as a Source of Bioactive Compounds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2394. [PMID: 37446955 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils from Mediterranean wild plants are widely used, but the hydrodistillation residues produced in parallel with these essential oils are significantly understudied and underexploited. Since there are only fragmentary data in the literature, we have, for the first time, systematically analyzed the chemical composition of the by-products obtained after hydrodistillation of sage, bay laurel, and rosemary leaves, i.e., hydrolates, water residues, and solid residues. The chemical composition of the hydrolates changed compared to their respective essential oils towards the dominance of more hydrophilic, oxygenated compounds, such as camphor in sage, 1,8-cineole in bay laurel, and berbenone in rosemary. However, some compounds, mostly sesquiterpenes, which were present in considerable amounts in essential oils, were absent or only present in very small amounts in the hydrolates. Furthermore, both the water and the solid residues were rich in polyphenols, such as procyanidins in bay laurel and rosmarinic acid in rosemary and sage. In conclusion, we demonstrate the valuable chemical composition of sage, rosemary, and bay laurel hydrodistillation by-products and discuss a wide range of their possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anđela Miljanović
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Dent
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dorotea Grbin
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandra Pedisić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Zorić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zvonimir Marijanović
- Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21 000 Split, Croatia
| | - Igor Jerković
- Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21 000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ana Bielen
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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25
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Li X, Wang SC. Upcycling flavanol-rich Chardonnay and Pinot noir grape thinned clusters as potentially functional food ingredients in cocoa-based products. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:3497-3505. [PMID: 37324846 PMCID: PMC10261795 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In California, over 3.4 million tons of wine grapes were crushed in 2020 while every year roughly 20% of the grape mass goes unused. Grape cluster thinning at veraison, a common agricultural practice to ensure color homogeneity in wine grapes, adds to the production costs and generates substantial on-farm loss during grapevine cultivation in which the health-promoting values of thinned clusters (unripe grapes) are usually overlooked. In particular, the health-promoting properties of flavanol monomers, specifically (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin, and their oligomeric procyanidins, have been extensively studied in cocoa and chocolate but not so much in grape thinned clusters in recent epidemiology studies. As part of the important agricultural by-products upcycling effort, the current study compared thinned clusters from Chardonnay and Pinot noir, two premium wine grape varieties cultivated in California, to a traditionally Dutch (alkalized) cocoa powder that has been widely used in food applications. Thinned cluster fractions from Chardonnay and Pinot noir grapes grown in the North Coast of California showed much higher concentrations of flavanol monomers and procyanidins, with 208.8-763.5 times more (+)-catechin, 3.4-19.4 times more (-)-epicatechin, and 3.8-12.3 times more procyanidins (by degree of polymerization DP 1-7) than those in the traditionally Dutch cocoa powder. These flavanol-rich thinned clusters that are also considered as plant-based natural products suggested great potential to be functional ingredients in cocoa-based products-which have been ubiquitously perceived as flavanol-rich products by consumers-to enhance their overall dietary flavanol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Li
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of California‐DavisDavisCalifornia95616USA
| | - Selina C. Wang
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of California‐DavisDavisCalifornia95616USA
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26
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Wang Z, Wang L, Huang H, Li Q, Wang X, Sun Q, Wang Q, Li N. In vitro antioxidant analysis of flavonoids extracted from Artemisia argyi stem and their anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Food Chem 2023; 407:135198. [PMID: 36527947 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, flavonoids were successfully extracted from Artemisia argyi stem, and their yield reached 15.3 mg/g dry A. argyi stem. The flavonoid extract from A. argyi stem had a purity of 88.58 % (w/w), meanwhile, which also contained 1.57 % (w/w) carbohydrates, 2.04 % (w/w) proteins and 7.81 % (w/w) polyphenols, respectively. In vitro antioxidant activity analysis showed the increased scavenging effects of flavonoid extract from A. argyi stem on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azinobis-di-(3-ethyl-benzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, hydroxyl, and superoxide radicals in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the flavonoid extract from A. argyi stem exerted protective effects on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages via inhibiting the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-1 beta, and nitric oxide free radicals. Overall, this work will provide guidance and help in the utilization of edible A. argyi as plant-based diet and its bioactive flavonoid extract as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ingredients to improve the function, nutrition, and healthiness of foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongtao Huang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qiuyan Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qi Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Na Li
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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27
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Šelo G, Planinić M, Tišma M, Martinović J, Perković G, Bucić-Kojić A. Bioconversion of Grape Pomace with Rhizopus oryzae under Solid-State Conditions: Changes in the Chemical Composition and Profile of Phenolic Compounds. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040956. [PMID: 37110379 PMCID: PMC10143194 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Grape pomace is a sustainable source of bioactive phenolic compounds used in various industries. The recovery of phenolic compounds could be improved by biological pretreatment of grape pomace, as they are released from the lignocellulose structure by the activity of the enzymes produced. The influence of grape pomace pretreatment with Rhizopus oryzae under solid-state conditions (SSF) on the phenolic profile and chemical composition changes was studied. SSF was performed in laboratory jars and in a tray bioreactor for 15 days. Biological pretreatment of grape pomace resulted in an increase in the content of 11 individual phenolic compounds (from 1.1 to 2.5-fold). During SSF, changes in the chemical composition of the grape pomace were observed, including a decrease in ash, protein, and sugar content, and an increase in fat, cellulose, and lignin content. A positive correlation (r > 0.9) was observed between lignolytic enzymes and the hydrolytic enzyme’s xylanase and stilbene content. Finally, after 15 days of SSF, a weight loss of GP of 17.6% was observed. The results indicate that SSF under experimental conditions is a sustainable bioprocess for the recovery of phenolic compounds and contributes to the zero-waste concept by reducing waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Šelo
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mirela Planinić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marina Tišma
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Josipa Martinović
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Gabriela Perković
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ana Bucić-Kojić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
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Chlorophyll Pigments of Olive Leaves and Green Tea Extracts Differentially Affect Their Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062779. [PMID: 36985751 PMCID: PMC10053222 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-based extracts possess biological potential due to their high content of phytochemicals. Nevertheless, photosynthetic pigments (e.g., chlorophylls) that are also present in plant extracts could produce undesirable pro-oxidant activity that might cause a negative impact on their eventual application. Herein, the phenolic content of olive leaf (OLE) and green tea (GTE) extracts was assayed, and their antioxidant and anticancer activities were evaluated before and after the removal of chlorophylls. Regarding phenolic content, OLE was rich in hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol as well as oleuropein, whereas the main compounds present in GTE were gallocatechin, epigallocatechin (EGC), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), gallocatechin gallate, and caffeine. Interestingly, fresh extracts’ antioxidant ability was dependent on phenolic compounds; however, the elimination of chlorophyll compounds did not modify the antioxidant activity of extracts. In addition, both OLE and GTE had high cytotoxicity against HL-60 leukemic cell line. Of note, the removal of chlorophyll pigments remarkably reduced the cytotoxic effect in both cases. Therefore, our findings emphasize the remarkable antioxidant and anticancer potential of OLE and GTE and suggest that chlorophylls are of paramount importance for the tumor-killing ability of such plant-derived extracts.
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Martinović J, Lukinac J, Jukić M, Ambrus R, Planinić M, Šelo G, Klarić AM, Perković G, Bucić-Kojić A. Physicochemical Characterization and Evaluation of Gastrointestinal In Vitro Behavior of Alginate-Based Microbeads with Encapsulated Grape Pomace Extracts. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030980. [PMID: 36986841 PMCID: PMC10052734 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Grape pomace is a byproduct of wineries and a rich source of phenolic compounds that can exert multiple pharmacological effects when consumed and enter the intestine where they can then be absorbed. Phenolic compounds are susceptible to degradation and interaction with other food constituents during digestion, and encapsulation may be a useful technique for protecting phenolic bioactivity and controlling its release. Therefore, the behavior of phenolic-rich grape pomace extracts encapsulated by the ionic gelation method, using a natural coating (sodium alginate, gum arabic, gelatin, and chitosan), was observed during simulated digestion in vitro. The best encapsulation efficiency (69.27%) was obtained with alginate hydrogels. The physicochemical properties of the microbeads were influenced by the coatings used. Scanning electron microscopy showed that drying had the least effect on the surface area of the chitosan-coated microbeads. A structural analysis showed that the structure of the extract changed from crystalline to amorphous after encapsulation. The phenolic compounds were released from the microbeads by Fickian diffusion, which is best described by the Korsmeyer-Peppas model among the four models tested. The obtained results can be used as a predictive tool for the preparation of microbeads containing natural bioactive compounds that could be useful for the development of food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josipa Martinović
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Jasmina Lukinac
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marko Jukić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Rita Ambrus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mirela Planinić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Gordana Šelo
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ana-Marija Klarić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Gabriela Perković
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ana Bucić-Kojić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
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Toprakçı İ, Cosgun G, Balci-Torun F, Torun M, Şahin S. Preservation of active components in olive leaf extract by spray drying method in biodegradable polymers: Optimization, in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and application. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2023. [PMID: 36929214 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Encapsulation of the bioactive ingredients in biodegradable and edible polymers is an alternative novel application method to keep these kind of natural products stable. OBJECTIVE The purpose is to optimize the encapsulation system of olive leaf extract by spray drying method, and to apply the products into a model food. METHODS Olive leaf extract was encapsulated in arabic gum/maltodextrin blend by spray drying method. Combined design approach under I-optimal design type was used to optimize the system. Characterisation studies under moisture content, water activity, solubility, bulk density, tapped density, Carr index, particle size distribution, powder morphology and glass transition temperature were applied to the microparticles obtained under optimum conditions. The bioavailability of the encapsulated active material was tested by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Furthermore, microparticles produced under optimum conditions were also evaluated for a potential functional food application. RESULTS The optimum conditions were achieved by arabic gum/maltodextrin (3.7:6.3) with 10% (w/v) in the mixture of wall material and active material under 165.5°C to achieve maximum encapsulation efficiency (86.92%), encapsulation yield (71.32%) and antioxidant activity (5.74 mg Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity/g dry microparticle). CONCLUSIONS Olive leaf extract encapsulated in arabic gum/maltodextrin may be a good alternative additive to prevent the lipid oxidation in fat-containing food products as well as improvement of the product quality by functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrem Toprakçı
- Faculty of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Gulderen Cosgun
- Faculty of Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Ferhan Balci-Torun
- Faculty of Tourism, Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Art, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Torun
- Faculty of Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Selin Şahin
- Faculty of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Zhang S, Wang H, Wang T, Liu W, Zhang J, Fang H, Zhang Z, Peng F, Chen X, Wang N. MdMYB305-MdbHLH33-MdMYB10 regulates sugar and anthocyanin balance in red-fleshed apple fruits. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:1062-1079. [PMID: 36606413 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sugar and anthocyanin are important indicators of fruit quality, and understanding the mechanism underlying their accumulation is essential for breeding high-quality fruit. We identified an R2R3-MYB transcription factor MdMYB305 in the red-fleshed apple progeny, which was positively correlated with fruit sugar content but negatively correlated with anthocyanin content. Transient injection, stable expression [overexpressing and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9)], and heterologous transformation of tomato confirmed that MdMYB305 promotes the accumulation of sugar and inhibits the synthesis of anthocyanin. A series of molecular experiments (such as electrophoretic mobility shift and luciferase assays) confirmed that MdMYB305 combines with sugar-related genes (MdCWI1/MdVGT3/MdTMT2) and anthocyanin-related genes (MdF3H/MdDFR/MdUFGT), promoting and inhibiting their activities, and finally regulating the sugar and anthocyanin content of fruits. In addition, the study also found that MdMYB305 competes with MdMYB10 for the MdbHLH33 binding site to balance sugar and anthocyanin accumulation in the fruits, which provides a reference value for exploring more functions of the MYB-bHLH-MYB complex and the balance relationship between sugar and anthocyanin in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi, 712100, China
| | - Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Hongcheng Fang
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in the Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Zongying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Futian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xuesen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
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Bakshi P, Sharma P, Chouhan R, Mir BA, Gandhi SG, Bhardwaj R, Alam P, Ahmad P. Interactive effect of 24-epibrassinolide and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria inoculation restores photosynthetic attributes in Brassica juncea L. under chlorpyrifos toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:120760. [PMID: 36464116 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CP) is a commonly used organophosphorous pesticide that is frequently utilised in the agricultural industry because of its great efficiency and inexpensive cost. The focus of the present study was to assess the impact of CP toxicity on Brassica juncea L. and to unravel the ameliorative potential of phytohormone, 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) mediated plant-microbe (Pseudomonas aeruginosa (B1), Burkholderia gladioli (B2)) interaction in B. juncea L. The maximum significant increment in the total chlorophyll, carotenoids, xanthophyll, anthocyanin and flavonoid content with EBL and B2 treatment in CP stressed B. juncea seedlings on spectrophotometric analysis were observed. Autofluorescence imaging of photosynthetic pigments i.e. chlorophyll, carotenoids, and total phenols with confocal microscopy showed maximum fluorescence with EBL and B2. Furthermore, when compared to CP stressed seedlings, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study of the abaxial surface of leaves revealed a recovery in stomatal opening. The supplementation of EBL and PGPR (plant growth promoting rhizobacteria) improved the level of psb A (D1 subunit PSII) and psb B (CP 47 subunit of PSII) genes expression. The expression analysis of chalcone synthase (CHS), Phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL), Phyotene synthase (PSY) with RT-PCR system showed up-regulation in the expression when supplemented with EBL and PGPR. As a result, the current study suggests that EBL and PGPR together, can reduce CP-induced toxicity in B. juncea seedlings and recovering the seedling biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Bakshi
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Pooja Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Rekha Chouhan
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Mir
- Department of Botany, School of Life Science, Satellite Campus, University of Kashmir, Kargil, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India; Department of Botany, Kargil Campus, Khumbathang-Kargil, University of Ladakh, Ladakh, 194105, India
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Cuevas-Cianca SI, Romero-Castillo C, Gálvez-Romero JL, Juárez ZN, Hernández LR. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from Edible Plants with Anti-Cancer Activity and Their Potential Use as Drugs. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031488. [PMID: 36771154 PMCID: PMC9920972 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Food is our daily companion, performing numerous beneficial functions for our bodies. Many of them can help to alleviate or prevent ailments and diseases. In this review, an extensive bibliographic search is conducted in various databases to update information on unprocessed foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can aid in treating diseases such as cancer. The current state of knowledge on inflammatory processes involving some interleukins and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is reviewed. As well as unprocessed foods, which may help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which are important factors in cancer development. Many studies are still needed to take full advantage of the food products we use daily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Isabel Cuevas-Cianca
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico
| | - Cristian Romero-Castillo
- Biotechnology Faculty, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
- Chemistry Area, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - José Luis Gálvez-Romero
- ISSTE Puebla Hospital Regional, Boulevard 14 Sur 4336, Colonia Jardines de San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Zaida Nelly Juárez
- Chemistry Area, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
- Correspondence: (Z.N.J.); (L.R.H.)
| | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico
- Correspondence: (Z.N.J.); (L.R.H.)
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Taheri A, Ganjeali A, Arefi-Oskouie A, Çirak C, Cheniany M. The variability of phenolic constituents and antioxidant properties among wild populations of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:221-237. [PMID: 36875730 PMCID: PMC9981857 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, phenolic derivatives and antioxidant activities of fourteen Ziziphora clinopodioides populations, as well as LC-MS/MS analysis of three specific flavonoids were evaluated. Generally, high contents of phenolic derivatives were found in shoot extracts compared to roots. LC-MS/MS, a powerful analytical technique, was employed for the identification and quantify the individual flavonoids in Z. clinopodioides populations' extracts, in a quantity order of quercetin > rutin > apigenin. Scavenging activity by DPPH and FRAP was performed, and accordingly, in the shoot, the highest values for the DDPH were 4.61 ± 0.4 and 7.59 ± 0.26 µg ml- 1 in populations 1 and 13, respectively, and for the FRAP were 328.61 ± 5.54 and 292.84 ± 2.85 mg g DW- 1, in populations 6 and 1 respectively. Multivariate analysis results of the principal component analysis indicated the amount of polyphenols to be useful indicators in differentiating the geographical localities which explain 92.7% of the total variance. According to the results of hierarchical cluster analysis, the studied populations could be separated into two groups in that the contents of phenolic derivatives and antioxidant activities of different plant parts. Both shoot and root samples were well discriminated with the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (R2X: 0.861; Q2: 0.47) model. The validity of the model was confirmed by using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and permutation tests. Such data make an important addition to our current knowledge of Ziziphora chemistry and are decisive in the identification of germplasms with a homogeneous phytochemical profile, high chemical content and bioactivity. The present results could also be helpful for the potential application of Z. clinopodioides in different kinds of industries as natural antioxidants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01283-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Taheri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 91779-48974 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Ganjeali
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 91779-48974 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Arefi-Oskouie
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cüneyt Çirak
- Vocational High School of Bafra, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Monireh Cheniany
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 91779-48974 Mashhad, Iran
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Ephedra alata Subsp. Alenda as a Novel Source of Bioactive Phytochemicals: Characterization Based on the Mass Spectrometry and Profiling of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020323. [PMID: 36836680 PMCID: PMC9961366 DOI: 10.3390/life13020323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine, for the first time, the phytochemical content of Ephedra alata pulp extract (EAP) and explore its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. High-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS) was used for phytochemical analysis and three in vitro antioxidant assays together with three in vitro anti-inflammatory tests were used for the assessment of biological activity. The HPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS analysis revealed the presence of 42 metabolites, including flavonoids, sphingolipides, fatty acids, ephedrine derivatives, and amino acid derivatives. In vitro findings revealed that EAP has interesting 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide, and ferrous ion chelating capacities (IC50 values were 0.57 mg/mL, 0.55 mg/mL, and 0.51 mg/mL for DPPH, superoxide radical, and ferrous ion, respectively). Furthermore, EAP showed a noticeable anti-inflammatory ability by inhibiting the two cyclooxygenase isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2 (IC50 of 59.1 and 58.8 µg/mL for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively), preventing protein denaturation (IC50 = 0.51 mg/mL), and protecting membrane stabilization (IC50 = 0.53 mg/mL). The results highlighted the use of Ephedra alata pulp as a potential source of natural compounds with therapeutic effects for the management of inflammatory disorders.
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Atpadkar PP, Gopavaram S, Chaudhary S. Natural-product-inspired bioactive alkaloids agglomerated with potential antioxidant activity: Recent advancements on structure-activity relationship studies and future perspectives. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2023; 121:355-393. [PMID: 36707140 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Alkaloids derived from natural sources have been shown to have substantial antioxidant activity, suggesting that these natural-product-inspired bioactive entities may have major beneficial influence on human health and food processing sector. The primary process intricates in the etiology of several disorders such as neurodegenerative, inflammatory cardiovascular, and other chronic diseases appear to be either oxidative injury or a cellular damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free-radicals. The alkaloid class of bio-heterocycles have been divided into numerous groups based on their biosynthetic precursor and heterocyclic ring systems i.e., piperidine, imidazole, purine, pyrrolizidine, indole, quinolozidine, isoquinoline, tropane, and pyrrolidine alkaloids. Distinct biological properties have been attributed to various compounds belonging to this chemical groups, including antirheumatic, cardiovascular, antispasmodic, anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antinociceptive etc. For many years, natural products and their analogs have been recognized as a possible source of medicinal agents. Recently, research has been concentrated on the synthesis, separation/purification, and identification of new alkaloids derived from a variety of natural sources. This book chapter aims to summarize on the latest developments on the current knowledge on the relationship between the structural features of promising class of bioactive alkaloids with their antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Prakash Atpadkar
- Laboratory of Bioactive heterocycles and Catalysis (BHC Lab), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Sumanth Gopavaram
- Laboratory of Bioactive heterocycles and Catalysis (BHC Lab), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Sandeep Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Bioactive heterocycles and Catalysis (BHC Lab), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lucknow, UP, India; Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (OMC Lab), Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India.
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El-Sappah AH, Metwally MAS, Rady MM, Ali HM, Wang L, Maitra P, Ihtisham M, Yan K, Zhao X, Li J, Desoky ESM. Interplay of silymarin and clove fruit extract effectively enhances cadmium stress tolerance in wheat ( Triticum aestivum). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1144319. [PMID: 37123831 PMCID: PMC10140571 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1144319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Osmoprotectant supplementation can be used as a useful approach to enhance plant stress tolerance. However, the effect of silymarin and clove fruit extract (CFE) on wheat plants grown under cadmium (Cd) stress has not been studied. Methods Wheat seeds were planted in plastic pots filled with ions-free sand. A ½-strength Hoagland's nutrient solution was used for irrigation. Pots were treated with eight treatments thirteen days after sowing: 1) Control, 2) 0.5 mM silymarin foliar application [silymarin], 3) 2% CFE foliar application [CFE], 4) CFE enriched with silymarin (0.24 g silymarin L-1 of CFE) [CFE-silymarin], 5) Watering wheat seedlings with a nutritious solution of 2 mM Cd [Cd]. 6) Cadmium + silymarin, 7) Cadmium + CFE, and 8) Cadmium + CFE-silymarin. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with nine replicates. Results and discussion The Cd stress decreased grain yield, shoot dry weight, leaf area, carotenoids, chlorophylls, stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, membrane stability index, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content by 66.9, 60.6, 56.7, 23.8, 33.5, 48.1, 41.2, 48.7, 42.5, 24.1, 39.9, and 24.1%, respectively. On the other hand, Cd has an Application of CFE, silymarin, or CEF-silymarin for wheat plants grown under Cd stress, significantly improved all investigated biochemical, morphological, and physiological variables and enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities. Applying CFE and/or silymarin enhanced plant tolerance to Cd stress more efficiently. Our findings suggest using CFE-silymarin as a meaningful biostimulator for wheat plants to increase wheat plants' tolerance to Cd stress via enhancing various metabolic and physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. El-Sappah
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan, China
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Mostafa M. Rady
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Linghui Wang
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan, China
| | - Pulak Maitra
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Muhammad Ihtisham
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan, China
| | - Kuan Yan
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Li, ; El-Sayed M. Desoky, ; Xin Zhao,
| | - Jia Li
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Li, ; El-Sayed M. Desoky, ; Xin Zhao,
| | - El-Sayed M. Desoky
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Jia Li, ; El-Sayed M. Desoky, ; Xin Zhao,
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Fattoum H, Cherif AO, Trabelsi S, Messaouda MB. Identification of Phenolic Compounds Extracted from OMW Using LC-MS. J Oleo Sci 2023; 72:1113-1123. [PMID: 38044135 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess23109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The extraction of olive oil produces annually huge quantities of Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW) that are considered as a source of pollution due to their high concentration in organic matter. This study aims to valorize Olive mill wastewater and investigates the effect of the extraction method and solvents on the contents and profiling of phenolic compounds and their antioxidant potential. It was revealed that the liquid-liquid method using ethyl acetate is the most effective followed by the maceration using chloroform/methanol (1:1), their polyphenol contents are respectively at 1.17 g GAE/L of OMW and 1.07 g GAE/L of OMW. In addition, the antioxidant activity was studied using ABTS test. It has shown that the methanolic extract has the best antioxidant activity at 15.75 mg/L. Moreover, we noticed a negative correlation between the phenolic compounds' concentration and their antioxidant activity which indicates that the phenolic profile may not be the same in the different extracts that's why a primary identification of the phenolic profile using UHPLC-MS was monitored and the results showed different chromatographic profiles between the samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Fattoum
- Laboratory Materials Molecules and Applications LR11ES22, University of Carthage
- Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University of Gafsa
| | - Aicha O Cherif
- Laboratory Materials Molecules and Applications LR11ES22, University of Carthage
| | | | - Mhamed Ben Messaouda
- Laboratory Materials Molecules and Applications LR11ES22, University of Carthage
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Zhou W, Yang S, Yang L, Xiao R, Chen S, Wang D, Wang S, Wang Z. Genome-Wide Identification of the Hypericum perforatum WRKY Gene Family Implicates HpWRKY85 in Drought Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010352. [PMID: 36613796 PMCID: PMC9820127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
WRKY, named for its special heptapeptide conserved sequence WRKYGOK, is one of the largest transcription factor families in plants and is widely involved in plant responses to biotic, abiotic, and hormonal stresses, especially the important regulatory function in response to drought stress. However, there is no complete comprehensive analysis of this family in H. perforatum, which is one of the most extensively studied plants and is probably the best-known herbal medicine on the market today, serving as an antidepressant, neuroprotective, an antineuralgic, and an antiviral. Here, we identified 86 HpWRKY genes according to the whole genome database of H. perforatum, and classified them into three groups through phylogenetic analysis. Gene structure, conserved domain, motif, cis-elements, gene ontology, and expression profiling were performed. Furthermore, it was found that HpWRKY85, a homologous gene of AtWRKY75, showed obvious responses to drought treatment. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that this protein was localized in the nucleus by the Arabidopsis protoplasts transient transfection. Meanwhile, HpWRKY85-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants showed a stronger ability of root growth and scavenging endogenous reactive oxygen species. The results provide a reference for further understanding the role of HpWRKY85 in the molecular mechanism of drought resistance of H. perforatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Xi’an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province, Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Ruyi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Donghao Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Shiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Zhezhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
- Correspondence:
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Zhang Q, Li M, Yang G, Liu X, Yu Z, Peng S. Protocatechuic acid, ferulic acid and relevant defense enzymes correlate closely with walnut resistance to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:598. [PMID: 36539704 PMCID: PMC9764544 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03997-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juglans regia L. is an important nut tree that has a wide range of distribution in temperate regions of the world. In some walnut orchards, walnut blight can become a problematic disease that affects the growth of walnut trees. To explore the correlation between biochemical response and walnut resistance, we inoculated four walnut cultivars with Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj). The walnut cultivars were, namely, 'Xiangling', 'Xiluo 2', 'Yuanfeng' and 'Xifu 2'. Total phenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were measured, whereby nine major phenolic compounds and several relevant enzymes were identified. RESULTS The results showed that the most resistant and susceptible walnut varieties were 'Xiluo 2' and 'Xifu 2' respectively. The reaction of walnut to Xaj was characterized by the early accumulation of phenolic compounds in the infected site. After inoculation with Xaj, we found that the resistant variety 'Xiluo 2' show the significant differences with other varieties at different time points through the determination of related antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD). Meanwhile, the phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) of 'Xiluo 2' increased significantly at 8 day post infection (dpi) and made differences from the control samples, while other varieties changed little. And the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was significantly higher than in the control at 16 dpi, maintaining the highest and the lowest activity in 'Xiluo 2' and 'Xifu 2' respectively. It was also found that the content of protocatechuic acid in all cultivars increased significantly at 4 dpi, and 'Xiluo 2' was significantly higher than that of the control. In the early stage of the disease, ferulic acid content increased significantly in 'Xiluo 2'. CONCLUSION Our findings confirmed that the metabolism of phenolic compounds and related defense enzymes are of great significance in the response of walnut to Xaj.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Meixuan Li
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Guiyan Yang
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Foreign Languages, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Zhongdong Yu
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Shaobing Peng
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China.
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Jiang M, Shinners-Carnelley T, Gibson D, Jones D, Joshi J, Wang-Pruski G. Irrigation Effect on Yield, Skin Blemishes, Phellem Formation, and Total Phenolics of Red Potatoes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3523. [PMID: 36559635 PMCID: PMC9786858 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dark Red Norland is an important potato cultivar in the fresh market due to its attractive bright, red colour, and good yield. However, skin blemishes such as silver patch, surface cracking, and russeting can negatively influence the tuber skin quality and marketability. It is well known that potato is a drought-sensitive plant. This study was conducted to determine whether irrigation would affect Dark Red Norland's yield and skin quality. A three-year field trial was conducted by Peak of the Market in Manitoba, Canada. Plants were treated under both irrigation and rainfed conditions. The results show that irrigation increased the total yield by 20.6% and reduced the severity of surface cracking by 48.5%. Microscopy imaging analysis demonstrated that tubers from the rainfed trials formed higher numbers of suberized cell layers than those of the irrigated potatoes, with a difference of 0.360 to 0.652 layers in normal skins. Surface cracking and silver patch skins had more suberized cell layers than the normal skins, with ranges of 7.805 to 8.333 and 7.740 to 8.496, respectively. A significantly higher amount of total polyphenols was found in the irrigated samples with a mean of 77.30 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g fresh weight (fw) than that of the rainfed samples (69.80 mg GAE/100 g fw). The outcome of this study provides a better understanding of the water regime effect causing these skin blemishes, which could potentially be used to establish strategies to improve tuber skin quality and minimize market losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlin Jiang
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | | | - Darin Gibson
- Gaia Consulting Ltd., Newton, MB R0H 0X0, Canada
| | - Debbie Jones
- Gaia Consulting Ltd., Newton, MB R0H 0X0, Canada
| | - Jyoti Joshi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Gefu Wang-Pruski
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
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Review on the Antioxidant Activity of Phenolics in o/w Emulsions along with the Impact of a Few Important Factors on Their Interfacial Behaviour. COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/colloids6040079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review paper focuses on the antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds in oil in water (o/w) emulsion systems. The authors first provide an overview of the most recent studies on the activity of common, naturally occurring phenolic compounds against the oxidative deterioration of o/w emulsions. A screening of the latest literature was subsequently performed with the aim to elucidate how specific parameters (polarity, pH, emulsifiers, and synergistic action) affect the phenolic interfacial distribution, which in turn determines their antioxidant potential in food emulsion systems. An understanding of the interfacial activity of phenolic antioxidants could be of interest to food scientists working on the development of novel food products enriched with functional ingredients. It would also provide further insight to health scientists exploring the potentially beneficial properties of phenolic antioxidants against the oxidative damage of amphiphilic biological membranes (which link to serious pathologic conditions).
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Geniposidic Acid from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver Staminate Flower Tea Mitigates Cellular Oxidative Stress via Activating AKT/NRF2 Signaling. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238568. [PMID: 36500666 PMCID: PMC9739628 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver staminate flower (ESF) tea enjoys a good reputation in folk medicine and displays multiple bioactivities, such as antioxidant and antifatigue properties. However, the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether ESF tea can mitigate cellular oxidative stress. Crude ethyl alcohol extract and its three subfractions prepared by sequential extraction with chloroform, n-butyl alcohol and residual water were prepared from ESF tea. The results of antioxidant activity tests in vitro manifested n-butyl alcohol fraction (n-BUF) showed the strongest antioxidant capacity (DPPH: IC50 = 24.45 ± 0.74 μg/mL, ABTS: IC50 = 17.25 ± 0.04 μg/mL). Moreover, all subfractions of ESF tea, especially the n-BUF, exhibited an obvious capacity to scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stimulate the NRF2 antioxidative response in human keratinocytes HaCaT treated by H2O2. Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, we identified geniposidic acid (GPA) as the most abundant component in ESF tea extract. Furthermore, it was found that GPA relieved oxidative stress in H2O2-induced HaCaT cells by activating the Akt/Nrf2/OGG1 pathway. Our findings indicated that ESF tea may be a source of natural antioxidants to protect against skin cell oxidative damage and deserves further development and utilization.
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<i>Citrullus Colocynthis</i> Fruit Extract Mediated Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: The Impact of pH, Temperature, and Silver Nitrate Concentration. E-JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2023-010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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45
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Impact of Moringa oleífera leaves extract in the stabilization of margarine under accelerated storage. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01714-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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Zeko-Pivač A, Bošnjaković A, Planinić M, Parlov Vuković J, Novak P, Jednačak T, Tišma M. Improvement of the Nutraceutical Profile of Brewer's Spent Grain after Treatment with Trametes versicolor. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2295. [PMID: 36422365 PMCID: PMC9693169 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is an important secondary raw material that provides a readily available natural source of nutraceuticals. It finds its largest application as animal feed and part of the human diet, while the future perspective predicts an application in the production of value-added products. In order to investigate a sustainable BSG treatment method, two BSG samples (BSG1 and BSG2) were evaluated as substrates for the production of hydrolytic (xylanase, β-glucosidase and cellulase) and lignolytic enzymes (laccase, manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase) by solid-state fermentation (SSF) with Trametes versicolor while improving BSG nutritional value. The biological treatment was successful for the production of all hydrolytic enzymes and laccase and manganese peroxidase, while it was unsuccessful for the production of lignin peroxidase. Because the two BSGs were chemically different, the Trametes versicolor enzymes were synthesized at different fermentation times and had different activities. Consequently, the chemical composition of the two BSG samples at the end of fermentation was also different. The biological treatment had a positive effect on the increase in protein content, ash content, polyphenolic compounds, and sugars in BSG1. In BSG2, there was a decrease in the content of reducing sugars. Cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were degraded in BSG1, whereas only cellulose was degraded in BSG2, and the content of hemicellulose and lignin increased. The fat content decreased in both samples. The safety-related correctness analysis showed that the biologically treated sample did not contain any harmful components and was therefore safe for use in nutritionally enriched animal feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anđela Zeko-Pivač
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anja Bošnjaković
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mirela Planinić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | | | - Predrag Novak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Jednačak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Tišma
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia
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Chemical and Functional Characterization of Extracts from Leaves and Twigs of Acacia dealbata. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10112429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the recovery of bioactive extracts from Acacia dealbata leaves and twigs and to characterize their chemical composition and functional properties. Fresh and air-dried samples were extracted by maceration at room temperature and by hot extraction at 60 °C using aqueous solutions of acetone, ethanol, and methanol. The highest extraction yields (14.8 and 12.0% for dried leaves and twigs, respectively) were obtained with 70% acetone, for both extraction procedures. Extracts were characterized for total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total proanthocyanidin content (TPrAC). Bioactive extracts with high TPC (526.4 mg GAE/g extract), TFC (198.4 mg CatE/g extract), and TPrAC (631.3 mg PycE/g extract) were obtained using maceration, a technically simple and low-energy process. The non-polar fraction of selected extracts was characterized using gas chromatography and time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS). The main components detected were phytol, squalene, a-tocopherol, lupenone, and lupeol. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was characterized through DPPH and FRAP assays. Antimicrobial activity of the extracts against different bacteria was also determined. The highest DPPH and FRAP activities were obtained from dried twigs from Alcobaça (1068.3 mg TE/g extract and 9194.6 mmol Fe2+/g extract, respectively). Extracts from both leaves and twigs showed antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus mitis. The results obtained demonstrate the feasibility of recovering valuable components from these biomass fractions that may be further valorized for energy production in a biorefinery concept.
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Žitek T, Kučuk N, Postružnik V, Leitgeb M, Knez Ž, Primožič M, Marevci MK. Synergistic Effect of Supercritical and Ultrasound-Assisted Ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Extracts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11212872. [PMID: 36365323 PMCID: PMC9654478 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Proper processing of natural material is crucial to obtain an extract with high content of biologically active components. Dried, grinded ginger roots were extracted by ultrasonic method and supercritical extraction with CO2. The aim of the study was to determine if a mixture of the two types of extracts attained by different methods and solvents exhibits better bioavailability than each extract itself. Therefore, both extracts were analytically evaluated and then mixed in a ratio of 1:1. The supercritical extract (SCG extract) and the mixed extract (mixG extract) had high antioxidant activity (78% and 73%) and total phenols (827 mg/g ext. and 1455 mg/g ext.), which is also consistent with the levels of gingerol (303 mg/g ext. and 271 g/g ext.) and shogaol (111 mg/g ext. and 100 g/g ext.) in the extracts. In comparison to both pure extracts higher levels of total phenols were found in the extract mixG. This could be the reason for the significant inhibition of melanoma cells and antimicrobial potential (against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans). The combination of the extracts resulted in a significant increase in the inhibition of selected microbial and melanoma cells WM-266-4 compared to the control. Cell viability decreased below 60% when mixG extract was applied. Antimicrobial activity has been confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taja Žitek
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Nika Kučuk
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Vesna Postružnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Leitgeb
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Željko Knez
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Primožič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maša Knez Marevci
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Effects of fermentation time on phenolic composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of green, oolong, and black teas. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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50
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Pham NMQ, Vuong QV, Sakoff JA, Bowyer MC, Le VA, Scarlett CJ. Determination of bioactive compounds, antioxidant and anticancer activities of Tuckeroo (Cupaniopsis anacardioides) fruits. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:257. [PMID: 36068843 PMCID: PMC9440962 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThis study aimed to determine the phytochemical, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of the crude extract and its fractions of Cupaniopsis anacardioides. The results showed that total phenolic content (TPC), their secondary metabolites (flavonoids—TFC; proanthocyanidins—TPro), and antioxidant activity were significantly different between the crude extract and its fractions. The butanol fraction (F3) had the highest levels of TPC, TFC, and TPro, followed by the crude extract, aqueous fraction (F4), dichloromethyl fraction (F2), and hexane fraction (F1). High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed 14 major bioactive compounds were identified in the C. anacardioides extract. Further analysis showed F3 fraction contained the highest levels of the major bioactive compounds, while F1 fraction had the lowest. A similar pattern was observed for antioxidant activities. The crude extract, F3 and F4 fractions were further tested for cytotoxicity against 10 cancer cell lines, including HT29 (colon); U87, SJG2 (glioblastoma); MCF-7 (Breast); A2780 (ovarian); H460 (lung); A431 (skin); Du145 (prostate); BE2-C (neuroblastoma); MIA PaCa-2 (pancreas); and one non-tumour-derived normal breast cell line (MCF10A). Except for Du145 (prostate), the crude extract, F3 and F4 fractions inhibited the cancer cell lines at 100 µg/mL, with F3 possessing greater activity against these cancer cell lines. Future studies are recommended to isolate and identify the major bioactive compounds of the F3 fraction, and further tested their impact against cancer cell lines. This could identify the potential of anticancer agents from C. anacardioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Minh Quynh Pham
- Department of Applied Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Brush Rd, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Nha Trang University, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - Quan V. Vuong
- Department of Applied Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Brush Rd, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia
| | - Jennette A. Sakoff
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Waratah, NSW 2298 Australia
| | - Michael C. Bowyer
- Department of Applied Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Brush Rd, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia
| | - Van Anh Le
- Department of Applied Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Brush Rd, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia
| | - Christopher J. Scarlett
- Department of Applied Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Brush Rd, Ourimbah, NSW 2258 Australia
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