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Zvekic M, Barrett H, Diamente P, Peng H, Krogh ET. Unique hepatic maternal transfer pattern of trace metals and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in a bluntnose sixgill shark (Hexanchus griseus). CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142315. [PMID: 38735494 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The fate and distribution of environmental contaminants includes bioaccumulation within marine organisms. A deceased 4-m long adult female bluntnose sixgill shark, pregnant with 72 pups, was recovered from Coles Bay on Vancouver Island, BC, Canada in 2019. This specimen provided a unique opportunity to examine maternal transfer of contaminants in a yolk-sac viviparous shark species. Liver subsamples of the adult and offspring were analyzed for 18 targeted inorganic elements by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and 21 targeted perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-Orbitrap MS). The maternal-offspring transfer efficiencies in liver tissue were subsequently examined for both contaminant classes. Concentrations of all detectable metals apart from calcium and magnesium were found to be higher in the mother compared to the offspring, including substantial levels of toxic cadmium (6 ± 2 mg kg-1 dw) and lead (7 ± 3 mg kg-1 dw). Conversely, high maternal transfer efficiencies were observed for PFAS (i.e., ΣPFAS = 71 ± 9 ng g-1 ww in offspring compared to 13 ± 9 ng g-1 ww in the mother). This study highlighted the unique maternal transfer characteristics of PFAS in bluntnose sixgill sharks depending on the structure of the polar head group, with greater liver-to-liver transfer efficiencies observed for perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) than perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs) of the same fluorocarbon chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misha Zvekic
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Department of Chemistry, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, V9R 5S5, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, V8P 5C2, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Holly Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Peter Diamente
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Department of Chemistry, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, V9R 5S5, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Erik T Krogh
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Department of Chemistry, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, V9R 5S5, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, V8P 5C2, British Columbia, Canada.
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2
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Jha AK, Kishore P, Chinnadurai S, Verma SK, Kumar R, Sreejith S, Sarika K. Heavy metals and trace minerals in commonly available shark species from North East Arabian Sea: A human health risk perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118979. [PMID: 38685303 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Shark is a seafood commodity that is a good source of minerals and accumulates heavy metals and trace elements through biomagnification, which can pose health risk if taken above the permissible limit. A study was conducted on commonly landed eleven shark species (Scoliodon laticaudus, Rhizopriodon oligolinx, Sphyrna lewini (CR), Carcharhinus macloti, Carcharinus limbatus, Carcharhinus amblyrhynchoides, Carcharhinus sorrah, Carcharinus falciformes(VU), Glaucostegus granulatus, Chiloscyllium arabicum, Loxodon macrorhinus) and analyzed for their heavy metal content, Hazard Index, Total Hazard Quotient, Metal Pollution Index, and also calculated the health risk associated with the consumption. Most of the heavy metals and trace minerals were found to be within the acceptable limit. The Targeted Hazard Quotient (THQ) and the Hazard Index (HI) of all the species except two were less than 1 (HI ≤ 1.0). The Metal Pollution Index (MPI) is showing either no impact or very low contamination. An overall study on hazard identification and health risk characterization in terms of heavy metals shows contamination of some heavy metals in sharks, but there is no potential human health risk associated with consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar Jha
- Veraval Research Centre of ICAR-CIFT, Matyabhavan, Bhidia, Veraval, Gujarat, 362269, India.
| | - Pankaj Kishore
- Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, ICAR-CIFT, Matsyapuri, Willingdon Island, Cochin, 682029, India
| | | | - Sumit Kumar Verma
- Veraval Research Centre of ICAR-CIFT, Matyabhavan, Bhidia, Veraval, Gujarat, 362269, India
| | - Rajan Kumar
- Veraval Regional Station of ICAR-CMFRI, Matyabhavan, Bhidia, Veraval, Gujarat, 362269, India
| | - S Sreejith
- Veraval Research Centre of ICAR-CIFT, Matyabhavan, Bhidia, Veraval, Gujarat, 362269, India
| | - K Sarika
- Veraval Research Centre of ICAR-CIFT, Matyabhavan, Bhidia, Veraval, Gujarat, 362269, India
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3
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Morão IFC, Simões T, Casado RB, Vieira S, Ferreira-Airaud B, Caliani I, Di Noi A, Casini S, Fossi MC, Lemos MFL, Novais SC. Metal accumulation in female green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) from Eastern Atlantic affects their egg quality with potential implications for embryonic development. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172710. [PMID: 38670375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Sea turtles, with their global distribution and complex life cycle, often accumulate pollutants such as metals and metalloids due to their extended lifespan and feeding habits. However, there are limited studies exploring the impact of metal pollution on the reproductive health of female sea turtles, specifically focusing on the quality of their eggs, which has significant implications for the future generations of these charismatic animals. São Tomé Island, a crucial nesting and feeding habitat for green sea turtles, underscores the urgent need for comprehensive research in this ecologically significant area. This study aimed to investigate whether metals and metalloids in the blood of nesting female green sea turtles induce genotoxic effects in their erythrocytes and affect their egg morphometric characteristics and the composition of related compartments. Additionally, this study aimed to evaluate whether the quality of energetic reserves for embryo development (fatty acids in yolk's polar and neutral lipids) is influenced by the contamination status of their predecessors. Results revealed correlations between Cu and Hg levels and increased "lobed" erythrocytes, while As and Cu negatively influenced shell thickness. In terms of energy reserves, both polar and neutral lipid fractions contained primarily saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, with prevalent 18:1n-9, 18:0, 16:0, 14:0, and 12:0 fatty acids in yolk samples. The yolk polar fraction was more susceptible to contaminant levels in female sea turtles, showing consistent negative correlations between pollution load index and essential n3 fatty acids, including linolenic, eicosatrienoic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosapentaenoic acids, crucial for embryonic development. These metals accumulation, coupled with the reduced availability of these key fatty acids, may disrupt the eicosanoid and other important pathways, affecting reproductive development. This study reveals a negative correlation between metal contamination in female sea turtles' blood and egg lipid reserves, raising concerns about embryonic development and the species' future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês F C Morão
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências & CESAM, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Tiago Simões
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | - Roger B Casado
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | - Sara Vieira
- Associação Programa Tatô, São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe; Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Betânia Ferreira-Airaud
- Associação Programa Tatô, São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe; Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ilaria Caliani
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Agata Di Noi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Casini
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria C Fossi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | - Sara C Novais
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal.
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4
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Mehdi Q, Griffin EK, Esplugas J, Gelsleichter J, Galloway AS, Frazier BS, Timshina AS, Grubbs RD, Correia K, Camacho CG, Bowden JA. Species-specific profiles of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in small coastal sharks along the South Atlantic Bight of the United States. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:171758. [PMID: 38521272 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have gained widespread commercial use across the globe in various industrial and consumer products, such as textiles, firefighting foams, and surface coating materials. Studies have shown that PFAS exhibit a strong tendency to accumulate within aquatic food webs, primarily due to their high bioaccumulation potential and resistance to degradation. Despite such concerns, their impact on marine predators like sharks remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the presence of 34 PFAS in the plasma (n = 315) of four small coastal sharks inhabiting the South Atlantic Bight of the United States (U.S). Among the sharks studied, bonnetheads (Sphyrna tiburo) had the highest ∑PFAS concentration (3031 ± 1674 pg g - 1 plasma, n = 103), followed by the Atlantic sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae, 2407 ± 969 pg g - 1, n = 101), blacknose shark (Carcharhinus acronotus, 1713 ± 662 pg g - 1, n = 83) and finetooth shark (Carcharhinus isodon, 1431 ± 891 pg g - 1, n = 28). Despite declines in the manufacturing of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), the long-chain (C8 - C13) perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) were frequently detected, with PFOS, perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) present as the most dominant PFAS. Furthermore, males exhibited significantly higher ∑PFAS concentrations than females in bonnetheads (p < 0.01), suggesting possible sex-specific PFAS accumulation or maternal offloading in some species. The results of this study underscore the urgency for more extensive biomonitoring of PFAS in aquatic/marine environments to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the impact and fate of these emerging pollutants on marine fauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qaim Mehdi
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Emily K Griffin
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Juliette Esplugas
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jim Gelsleichter
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Ashley S Galloway
- South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Bryan S Frazier
- South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Alina S Timshina
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - R Dean Grubbs
- Coastal and Marine Laboratory, Florida State University 3618 Highway 98, St. Teresa, FL 32358, USA
| | - Keyla Correia
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Camden G Camacho
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - John A Bowden
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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5
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Marciano J, Crawford L, Mukhopadhyay L, Scott W, McElroy A, McDonough C. Per/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in a Marine Apex Predator (White Shark, Carcharodon carcharias) in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. ACS ENVIRONMENTAL AU 2024; 4:152-161. [PMID: 38765060 PMCID: PMC11100321 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.3c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Per/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are ubiquitous, highly persistent anthropogenic chemicals that bioaccumulate and biomagnify in aquatic food webs and are associated with adverse health effects, including liver and kidney diseases, cancers, and immunosuppression. We investigated the accumulation of PFASs in a marine apex predator, the white shark (Carcharodon carcharias). Muscle (N = 12) and blood plasma (N = 27) samples were collected from 27 sharks during 2018-2021 OCEARCH expeditions along the eastern coast of North America from Nova Scotia to Florida. Samples were analyzed for 47 (plasma) and 43 (muscle) targeted PFASs and screened for >2600 known and novel PFASs using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Perfluoroalkyl carboxylates with carbon chain-length C11 to C14 were frequently detected above the method reporting limits in plasma samples, along with perfluorooctanesulfonate and perfluorodecanesulfonate. Perfluoropentadecanoate was also detected in 100% of plasma samples and concentrations were estimated semiquantitatively as no analytical standard was available. Total concentrations of frequently detected PFASs in plasma ranged from 0.56 to 2.9 ng mL-1 (median of 1.4 ng mL-1). In muscle tissue, nine targeted PFASs were frequently detected, with total concentration ranging from 0.20 to 0.84 ng g-1 ww. For all frequently detected PFASs, concentrations were greater in plasma than in muscle collected from the same organism. In both matrices, perfluorotridecanoic acid was the most abundant PFAS, consistent with several other studies. PFASs with similar chain-lengths correlated significantly among the plasma samples, suggesting similar sources. Total concentrations of PFASs in plasma were significantly greater in sharks sampled off of Nova Scotia than all sharks from other locations, potentially due to differences in diet. HRMS suspect screening tentatively identified 13 additional PFASs in plasma, though identification confidence was low, as no MS/MS fragmentation was collected due to low intensities. The widespread detection of long-chain PFASs in plasma and muscle of white sharks highlights the prevalence and potential biomagnification of these compounds in marine apex predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Marciano
- Department
of Civil Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Lisa Crawford
- School
of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony
Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Leenia Mukhopadhyay
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Wesley Scott
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Anne McElroy
- School
of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony
Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Carrie McDonough
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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6
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Consales G, Bottaro M, Mancusi C, Neri A, Sartor P, Voliani A, D'Agostino A, Marsili L. Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in three bathyal chondrichthyes from the North-Western Mediterranean Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 196:115647. [PMID: 37832499 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The deep-sea can act as a sink for legacy contaminants such as organochlorines (OCs), causing damages in its inhabitants for their persistence and their prolonged effects in the organisms. HCB, DDT and its isomers, and 28 PCBs congeners were detected in muscle and embryonic tissues of three deep-sea chondrichthyes Chimaera monstrosa (n = 16), Dalatias licha (n = 12) and Etmopterus spinax (n = 51) sampled in Ligurian and Tyrrhenian Sea (Mediterranean Sea). Contaminant distribution in E. spinax and C. monstrosa was PCBs > DDTs ≫ HCB while in D. licha was DDTs > PCBs ≫ HCB. Statistically significant differences were highlighted in OC levels among the species, but no such differences were found among sexes. Ratios between DDT isomers highlighted an historical input of the pesticide in the environment. For the first time was also demonstrated maternal transfer in deep water chondrichthyes, specifically in E. spinax where was highlighted that transfer of contaminants increases with increasing compound's Log Kow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guia Consales
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena 53100, Italy; Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Genoa Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Italian National Institute for Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Villa del Principe, Piazza del Principe 4, 16126 Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bottaro
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Genoa Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Italian National Institute for Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Villa del Principe, Piazza del Principe 4, 16126 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Mancusi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena 53100, Italy; ARPAT Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Tuscany, Via Marradi 114, 57126 Livorno, Italy
| | - Alessandra Neri
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena 53100, Italy; Consortium for the Inter-University Center of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology "G.Bacci", Viale Nazario Sauro 4, 57128, Livorno, Italy
| | - Paolo Sartor
- Consortium for the Inter-University Center of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology "G.Bacci", Viale Nazario Sauro 4, 57128, Livorno, Italy
| | - Alessandro Voliani
- ARPAT Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Tuscany, Via Marradi 114, 57126 Livorno, Italy
| | | | - Letizia Marsili
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena 53100, Italy; Inter-University Center of Cetacean Research (CIRCE), Via Mattioli 4, Siena 53100, Italy
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Crawford LM, Gelsleichter J, Newton AL, Hoopes LA, Lee CS, Fisher NS, Adams DH, Giraudo M, McElroy AE. Associations between total mercury, trace minerals, and blood health markers in Northwest Atlantic white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 195:115533. [PMID: 37734227 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The ecology and life-histories of white sharks make this species susceptible to mercury bioaccumulation; however, the health consequences of mercury exposure are understudied. We measured muscle and plasma total mercury (THg), health markers, and trace minerals in Northwest Atlantic white sharks. THg in muscle tissue averaged 10.0 mg/kg dry weight, while THg in blood plasma averaged 533 μg/L. THg levels in plasma and muscle were positively correlated with shark precaudal length (153-419 cm), and THg was bioaccumulated proportionally in muscle and plasma. Nine sharks had selenium:mercury molar ratios in blood plasma >1.0, indicating that for certain individuals the potential protective effects of the trace mineral were diminished, whereas excess selenium may have protected other individuals. No relationships between plasma THg and any trace minerals or health markers were identified. Thus, we found no evidence of negative effects of Hg bioaccumulation, even in sharks with very high THg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Crawford
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | | | - Alisa L Newton
- OCEARCH, Park City, UT 84060, USA; ZooQuatic Laboratory, LLC, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Lisa A Hoopes
- Department of Research and Conservation, Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA 30313, USA
| | - Cheng-Shiuan Lee
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nicholas S Fisher
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | | | - Maeva Giraudo
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Microbienne, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Anne E McElroy
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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Lozano-Bilbao E, Espinosa JM, Thorne-Bazarra T, Hardisson A, Paz S, González-Weller D, Rubio C, Gutiérrez ÁJ. Monitoring different sources of marine pollution in the Canarian intertidal zone using Anemonia sulcata as a bioindicator. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 195:115538. [PMID: 37742513 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Sea anemones have often been used as bioindicators of contamination because they are semisessile organisms that rarelly leave their niche, which is why they are conducive to affecting the ecosystem at the local level. The objective of this work is to determine whether the concentrations of heavy metals and trace elements in the anemone Anemonia sulcata vary depending on the source of contamination present. In 2021 seventy specimens were collected at five sampling points and fourteen specimens were collected in each point (Control Zone, Thermal Power Plant, Sewage Pipe, Harbour and Tourism) in 2021, on the island of Tenerife. All the areas studied characterized by a pollution condition had higher concentrations of metals and trace elements than the control area. The anemones from Harbour presented a greater number of metals with a higher concentration than the other study areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Lozano-Bilbao
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Ecología Marina Aplicada y Pesquerías, i-UNAT, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - José María Espinosa
- Fundación del Sector Público Estatal Observatorio Ambiental Granadilla, 38001 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Thabatha Thorne-Bazarra
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Arturo Hardisson
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Soraya Paz
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Dailos González-Weller
- Servicio de Inspección Sanitaria y Laboratorio, Servicio de Salud Pública, S/C de Tenerife, Islas Canarias 38006, Spain
| | - Carmen Rubio
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ángel J Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
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9
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Afonso AS, Fidelis L. The fate of plastic-wearing sharks: Entanglement of an iconic top predator in marine debris. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115326. [PMID: 37527571 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Plastic waste is currently a major threat to marine ecosystems, and the ever-growing production of plastic materials suggests that this scenario will not change soon. Understanding cryptic effects of plastic debris on keystone marine species is warranted to address ecosystem-level impacts caused by plastic pollution. This study reports on plastic entanglement in top predator tiger sharks, Galeocerdo cuvier, from the western South Atlantic Ocean. Circular plastic straps produced severe trauma in 3 % of all tiger sharks sampled and led to abnormal anatomical development, indicating worrisome incidence and consequences of plastic entanglement in this species. Removing the plastic strap from one shark which had been entangled for at least 9 months was probably the cause for the shark having experienced post-release mortality. This suggests that, in some circumstances, strap removal is not effective to promote the survival of entangled sharks. Eliminating the circular integrity of plastic materials at first use should contribute to mitigate some of the impacts of plastic pollution on marine megafauna since this shape might be determinant in the process of shark entanglement.
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Affiliation(s)
- André S Afonso
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Fidelis
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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10
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Bielmyer-Fraser GK, Franks B, Somerville R, Hueter R, Newton AL, Fischer C. Tissue metal concentrations and antioxidant enzyme activity in western north Atlantic white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 261:106641. [PMID: 37506482 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic practices have increased metal contamination in marine ecosystems. Most sharks have long lifespans, occupy an important ecological position at the top of marine food webs, and can accumulate metals. However, reference levels of metal contaminants in the tissues of sharks, particularly, apex predators such as the white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), are lacking. In this study, concentrations of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), silver (Ag), and zinc (Zn) were measured in the muscle tissue of white (n = 42) and tiger (Galeocerdo cuvier; n = 3) sharks. Metal exposure in various species, including sharks, has been correlated with increased oxidative stress. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to assess metal accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) in the muscle tissue of the population of white sharks and tiger sharks inhabiting the Western North Atlantic. The measured parameters were qualitatively compared between species. The small sample size of tiger sharks (collected from only one site) limited statistical analyses, therefore, white sharks were the primary focus of this study. Differences in tissue metal (Cu, Cd, Ni, and Zn) concentrations and antioxidant enzyme activities were detected based on collection site, with significant positive correlations between Cd and enzymes, SOD and CAT, and Zn and enzymes, SOD and GPx in C. carcharias. Differences in Ni concentration were detected based on sex, with females having higher Ni levels. Additionally, plasma osmolality was not correlated with tissue metal concentrations; however, osmolality decreased with increasing length in C. carcharias. This study is the first to report baseline levels of Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, Ag, and Pb in muscle of North Atlantic white sharks and provides new insights into oxidative stress responses of these sensitive species to metal contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryan Franks
- Jacksonville University, 2800 University Blvd. North, Jacksonville, FL 32211, USA
| | - Rachel Somerville
- Jacksonville University, 2800 University Blvd. North, Jacksonville, FL 32211, USA
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11
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Gallo S, Nania G, Caruso V, Zicarelli G, Leonetti FL, Giglio G, Fedele G, Romano C, Bottaro M, Mangoni O, Scannella D, Vitale S, Falsone F, Sardo G, Geraci ML, Neri A, Marsili L, Mancusi C, Barca D, Sperone E. Bioaccumulation of Trace Elements in the Muscle of the Blackmouth Catshark Galeus melastomus from Mediterranean Waters. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:951. [PMID: 37508382 PMCID: PMC10376227 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution, particularly in the marine environment, has become a significant concern due to the increasing presence of pollutants and their adverse effects on ecosystems and human health. This study focuses on the bioaccumulation of trace elements in the muscle tissue of the blackmouth catshark (Galeus melastomus) from different areas in the Mediterranean Sea. Trace elements are of interest due to their persistence, toxicity, and potential for bioaccumulation. This research aims to assess the distribution and accumulation of trace elements in the muscle tissue of G. melastomus and investigate their potential impact on the deep-sea environment of the Mediterranean. The focused areas include the Ligurian Sea, the northern and central Tyrrhenian Sea, the southern Tyrrhenian Sea, the Ionian Sea, the Pantelleria Waters, and the Gela Waters. Samples were collected following established protocols, and trace element analysis was conducted using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The study provides data on the concentrations of 17 trace elements, namely aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, copper, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, zinc, selenium, strontium, lead, chromium, iron, barium, bismuth, and uranium. The findings contribute to a better understanding of trace element bioaccumulation patterns in elasmobranch species, specifically G. melastomus, and highlight the potential risks associated with chemical contamination in the Mediterranean Sea. This research emphasizes the importance of studying the impacts of pollutants on marine organisms, particularly those occupying key ecological roles, like sharks, to support effective conservation and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Gallo
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Gianluca Nania
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Valentina Caruso
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Giorgia Zicarelli
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Luigi Leonetti
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Genoa Marine Centre, Anton Dohrn Zoological Station, 16126 Genoa, Italy
| | - Gianni Giglio
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Giorgio Fedele
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Chiara Romano
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bottaro
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Genoa Marine Centre, Anton Dohrn Zoological Station, 16126 Genoa, Italy
| | - Olga Mangoni
- Department of Biology, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Danilo Scannella
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council CNR, Via Luigi Vaccara 61, 91026 Mazara del Vallo, Italy
| | - Sergio Vitale
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council CNR, Via Luigi Vaccara 61, 91026 Mazara del Vallo, Italy
| | - Fabio Falsone
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council CNR, Via Luigi Vaccara 61, 91026 Mazara del Vallo, Italy
| | - Giacomo Sardo
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council CNR, Via Luigi Vaccara 61, 91026 Mazara del Vallo, Italy
| | - Michele Luca Geraci
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council CNR, Via Luigi Vaccara 61, 91026 Mazara del Vallo, Italy
- Marine Biology and Fisheries Laboratory of Fano, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Adriatico 1/n, 61032 Fano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Neri
- Department of Environment, Earth and Physical Sciences, Siena University, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Consorzio per il Centro Interuniversitario di Biologia Marina ed Ecologia Applicata "G. Bacci" (CIBM), Viale N. Sauro 4, 57128 Livorno, Italy
| | - Letizia Marsili
- Department of Environment, Earth and Physical Sciences, Siena University, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Mancusi
- Department of Environment, Earth and Physical Sciences, Siena University, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Environmental Protection Agency-Tuscany Region (ARPAT), Via Marradi 114, 57126 Livorno, Italy
| | - Donatella Barca
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Emilio Sperone
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
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12
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Alves LMF, Moutinho AB, Gómez LJ, Oropesa AL, Muñoz-Arnanz J, Jiménez B, Lemos MFL, Fonseca VF, Cabral H, Novais SC. Evidence of contamination-associated damage in blue sharks (Prionace glauca) from the Northeast Atlantic. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 872:162095. [PMID: 36791860 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Top predators such as most shark species are extremely vulnerable to amassing high concentrations of contaminants, but not much is known about the effects that the contaminant body burden imparts on these animals. Species like the blue shark (Prionace glauca) are very relevant in this regard, as they have high ecological and socioeconomic value, and have the potential to act as bioindicators of pollution. This work aimed to assess if differences in contaminant body burden found in blue sharks from the Northeast Atlantic would translate into differences in stress responses. Biochemical responses related to detoxification and oxidative stress, and histological alterations were assessed in the liver and gills of 60 blue sharks previously found to have zone-related contamination differences. Similar zone-related differences were found in biomarker responses, with the sharks from the most contaminated zone exhibiting more pronounced responses. Additionally, strong positive correlations were found between contaminants (i.e., As, PCBs, and PBDEs) and relevant biomarkers (e.g., damaged DNA and protective histological alterations). The present results are indicative of the potential that this species and these tools have to be used to monitor pollution in different areas of the Atlantic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís M F Alves
- MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal.
| | - Ariana B Moutinho
- MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Luis J Gómez
- Anatomy and Pathological Anatomy Area, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Extremadura, Cáceres 10003, Spain; BRILiC - Biotechnology Research Institute in Livestock & Cynegetic, University of Extremadura, Cáceres 10003, Spain
| | - Ana L Oropesa
- BRILiC - Biotechnology Research Institute in Livestock & Cynegetic, University of Extremadura, Cáceres 10003, Spain; Toxicology Area, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Extremadura, Cáceres 10003, Spain
| | - Juan Muñoz-Arnanz
- Dept. of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, IQOG-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Jiménez
- Dept. of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, IQOG-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Vanessa F Fonseca
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET - Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Sara C Novais
- MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
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13
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Di Mauro V, Kamyab E, Kellermann MY, Moeller M, Nietzer S, Luetjens LH, Pawlowski S, Petersen-Thiery M, Schupp PJ. Ecotoxicological Effects of Four Commonly Used Organic Solvents on the Scleractinian Coral Montipora digitata. TOXICS 2023; 11:367. [PMID: 37112595 PMCID: PMC10146860 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Organic solvents are often used in aquatic toxicity tests to facilitate the testing of hydrophobic or poorly water-soluble substances such as ultraviolet (UV) filters, pesticides, or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Knowledge of intrinsic effects (i.e., measured as standardized and non-standardized endpoints) of such carrier solvents in non-standardized organisms (i.e., corals), is critical to regulatory processes. Therefore, we exposed the reef-building coral Montipora digitata to the most commonly used carrier solvents ethanol, methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and dimethylformamide in the range of 10-100 µL L-1 for 16 days. The effects on mortality, photobiological, morphological, and oxidative stress markers were evaluated. In our study, all solvents resulted in significant morphological and/or oxidative stress responses, but not in mortality. Moreover, ethanol led to a rapid increase in turbidity, thus questioning its suitability as a carrier solvent in aquatic studies in general. Based on our observations, we could rank the solvent effects as follows: dimethylformamide < dimethyl sulfoxide ≈ methanol ≤ ethanol, with dimethylformamide showing the least and ethanol the most pronounced effects. We conclude that the use of solvents in toxicity studies with corals, particularly by examining non-standardized (e.g., morphological, physiological) endpoints, should be taken with caution and requires further elaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Di Mauro
- Environmental Biochemistry Group, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), School of Mathematics and Science, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstr. 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Elham Kamyab
- German Center for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), Senckenberg am Meer, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Matthias Y. Kellermann
- Environmental Biochemistry Group, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), School of Mathematics and Science, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstr. 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Mareen Moeller
- Environmental Biochemistry Group, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), School of Mathematics and Science, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstr. 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Samuel Nietzer
- Environmental Biochemistry Group, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), School of Mathematics and Science, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstr. 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Laura H. Luetjens
- Department of Product Safety, Regulatory Ecotoxicology, BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Str. 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Sascha Pawlowski
- Department of Product Safety, Regulatory Ecotoxicology, BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Str. 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Mechtild Petersen-Thiery
- Product Stewardship and EHS Data Management, BASF Personal Care and Nutrition GmbH, Rheinpromenade 1, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Peter J. Schupp
- Environmental Biochemistry Group, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), School of Mathematics and Science, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstr. 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity (HIFMB), University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 231, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
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14
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Chen X, Cao S, Wen D, Geng Y, Duan X. Sentinel animals for monitoring the environmental lead exposure: combination of traditional review and visualization analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:561-584. [PMID: 35348990 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01241-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In nature, certain animals share a common living environment with humans, thus these animals have become biomonitors of health effects related to various environmental exposures. As one of the most toxic environmental chemicals, lead (Pb) can cause detriment health effects to animals, plants, and even humans through different exposure pathways such as atmosphere, soil, food, water, and dust, etc. Sentinel animals played an "indicative" role in the researches of environmental pollution monitoring and human health. In order to comprehend the usage of sentinel animals in the indication of environmental Pb pollution and human Pb exposure completely, a combination of traditional review and visualization analysis based on CiteSpace literature was used to review earlier researches in this study. In the first instance, present researches on exposure sources and exposure pathways of Pb were summarized briefly, and then the studies using sentinel animals to monitor environmental heavy metal pollution and human health were combed. Finally, visualization software CiteSpace 5.8.R3 was used to explore and analyze the hotspots and frontiers of lead exposure and sentinel animals researches at home and abroad. The results showed that certain mammals were good indicators for human lead exposure. Sentinel animals had been widely used to monitor the ecological environment and human lead exposure. Among them, the blood lead levels of small mammals, particularly for domestic dogs and cats, had a significant correlation with the blood lead levels of human living in the same environment. It indicated that certain biological indicators in animals can be used as surrogates to monitor human body exposure to heavy metals. This study also explored the challenges and perspectives that may be faced in sentinel animal research, in order to provide a certain theoretical basis and train of thought guidance for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road 30, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - SuZhen Cao
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road 30, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dongsen Wen
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road 30, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yishuo Geng
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road 30, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoli Duan
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road 30, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
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15
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Filice M, Reinero FR, Cerra MC, Faggio C, Leonetti FL, Micarelli P, Giglio G, Sperone E, Barca D, Imbrogno S. Contamination by Trace Elements and Oxidative Stress in the Skeletal Muscle of Scyliorhinus canicula from the Central Tyrrhenian Sea. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020524. [PMID: 36830082 PMCID: PMC9952106 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine pollution, due to the regular discharge of contaminants by various anthropogenic sources, is a growing problem that imposes detrimental influences on natural species. Sharks, because of a diet based on smaller polluted animals, are exposed to the risk of water contamination and the subsequent bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Trace elements are very diffuse water pollutants and able to induce oxidative stress in a variety of marine organisms. However, to date, studies on sharks are rather scarce and often limited to mercury. In this context, the present study aimed to analyze the accumulation of trace elements and their putative correlation with the onset of an oxidative status in the muscle of the lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula, from the Central Mediterranean Sea. Ecotoxicological analysis detected the presence of Pb, As, Cd, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, and Fe; no significant differences were observed between sexes, while a negative correlation was found between Pb and animal length. Analysis of oxidative stress markers showed either positive or negative correlation with respect to the presence of trace elements. Lipid peroxidation (TBARS) positively correlated with Zn, Ni, and Fe; SOD enzyme activity negatively correlated with Cu and Ni; LDH was negatively correlated with Fe and positively correlated with Pb. Moreover, positive correlations between the leukocyte count and Mn and Zn, as well as with LDH activity, were also observed. The data suggested that, in sharks, trace elements accumulation may affect oxidant and antioxidant processes with important outcomes for their physiology and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariacristina Filice
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | | | - Maria Carmela Cerra
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Primo Micarelli
- Sharks Studies Center—Scientific Institute, 58024 Massa Marittima, Italy
| | - Gianni Giglio
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Emilio Sperone
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Donatella Barca
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Sandra Imbrogno
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
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16
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Riesgo L, Sanpera C, García-Barcelona S, Sánchez-Fortún M, Coll M, Navarro J. Understanding the role of ecological factors affecting mercury concentrations in the blue shark (Prionace glauca). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137642. [PMID: 36572364 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Human activities have increased environmental concentrations of pollutants in marine ecosystems, which can cause harmful effects on marine organisms. Top predators are particularly susceptible to bioaccumulation and biomagnification of pollutants through the food webs and are described as good sentinels for monitoring metal accumulation such mercury (Hg) in marine ecosystems. However, to be used as sentinels, it is important to understand the main ecological factors affecting the concentrations of pollutants in these organisms. In the present study, our main objective was to investigate the effect of body size, sex, trophic niche and geographic area on Hg concentrations in a top marine top predator, the blue shark (Prionace glauca). We analysed Hg in muscle samples from male and female blue sharks of different body sizes collected from the waters surrounding the Canary Islands and the South of Portugal, in the Atlantic Ocean, to waters of the north-western Mediterranean Sea. The results revealed that the sampling area was an important factor explaining Hg concentrations, showing higher values in the Mediterranean blue sharks. We also found a positive relationship between Hg concentrations and body size of blue sharks, indicating a bioaccumulation process of this pollutant in relation with body size. Moreover, we observed a relationship between Hg concentrations and δ13C values, a proxy of the use of inshore-offshore marine habitats. Individuals with depleted δ13C values that potentially foraged in offshore waters showed higher Hg values. Importantly, most of the analysed blue sharks presented Hg concentrations that exceeded the limits established by the European Union for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Riesgo
- Institut de Ciències Del Mar (ICM), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia I Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carola Sanpera
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia I Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Moisès Sánchez-Fortún
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia I Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Coll
- Institut de Ciències Del Mar (ICM), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Navarro
- Institut de Ciències Del Mar (ICM), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Characterization of 35 new microsatellite markers for the blacktip reef shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus) and cross-species amplification in eight other shark species. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:3205-3215. [PMID: 36707491 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08209-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shark species are overfished at a global scale, as they are poached for the finning industry or are caught as bycatch. Efficient conservation measures require fine-scale spatial and temporal studies to characterize shark habitat use, infer migratory habits, analyze relatedness, and detect population genetic differentiation. Gathering these types of data is costly and time-consuming, especially when it requires collection of shark tissue samples. METHODS AND RESULTS Genetic tools, such as microsatellite markers, are the most economical sampling method for collecting genetic data, as they enable the estimation of genetic diversity, population structure and parentage relationships and are thus an efficient way to inform conservation strategies. Here, a set of 45 microsatellite loci was tested on three blacktip reef shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus) populations from three Polynesian islands: Moorea, Morane and Tenararo. The set was composed of 10 previously published microsatellite markers and 35 microsatellite markers that were developed specifically for C. melanopterus as part of the present study. The 35 novel and 10 existing loci were cross-amplified on eight additional shark species (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos, C. longimanus, C. sorrah, Galeocerdo cuvier, Negaprion acutidens, Prionacea glauca, Rhincodon typus and Sphyrna lewini). These species had an average of 69% of successful amplification, considered if at least 50% of the individual samples being successfully amplified per species and per locus. CONCLUSIONS This novel microsatellite marker set will help address numerous knowledge gaps that remain, concerning genetic stock identification, shark behavior and reproduction via parentage analysis.
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18
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Edwards ML, Schaefer AM, McFarland M, Fire S, Perkins CR, Ajemian MJ. Detection of numerous phycotoxins in young bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas) collected from an estuary of national significance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159602. [PMID: 36272472 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Florida's Indian River Lagoon (IRL) has experienced large-scale, frequent blooms of toxic harmful algae in recent decades. Sentinel, or indicator, species can provide an integrated picture of contaminants in the environment and may be useful to understanding phycotoxin prevalence in the IRL. This study evaluated the presence of phycotoxins in the IRL ecosystem by using the bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas) as a sentinel species. Concentrations of phycotoxins were measured in samples collected from 50 immature bull sharks captured in the IRL between 2018 and 2020. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure toxins in shark gut contents, plasma, and liver. Analysis of samples (n = 123) demonstrated the presence of multiple phycotoxins (microcystin, nodularin, teleocidin, cylindrospermopsin, domoic acid, okadaic acid, and brevetoxin) in 82 % of sampled bull sharks. However, most detected toxins were in low prevalence (≤25 % of samples, per sample type). This study provides valuable baseline information on presence of multiple phycotoxins in a species occupying a high trophic position in this estuary of national significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Edwards
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 U.S. 1 North, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA.
| | - Adam M Schaefer
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 U.S. 1 North, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA; Abt Associates, 6130 Executive Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Malcolm McFarland
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 U.S. 1 North, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA
| | - Spencer Fire
- Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Blvd., Melbourne, FL 32951, USA
| | - Christopher R Perkins
- Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, 3107 Horsebarn Hill Road, U-4210, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Matthew J Ajemian
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 U.S. 1 North, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA
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19
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Alves LMF, Lemos MFL, Moutinho AB, Ceia FR, Muñoz-Arnanz J, Jiménez B, Cabral H, Novais SC. Assessment of contaminants in blue sharks from the Northeast Atlantic: Profiles, accumulation dynamics, and risks for human consumers. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120467. [PMID: 36273690 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemical pollution is a major threat to marine ecosystems, and top predators such as most shark species are extremely vulnerable to being exposed and accumulating contaminants such as metals and persistent organic pollutants (POPs). This work aimed to study the degree, composition, and the sources of contamination in the blue shark (Prionace glauca) inhabiting the Northeast Atlantic, as well as the potential risk faced by human consumers. A total of 60 sharks were sampled in situ aboard fishing vessels, and the concentrations of a set of metals and POPs were analysed in various tissues and complemented with stable isotope analyses. High levels of contaminants were found in most sharks sampled. The concentrations of most metals were higher in the muscle when compared with the liver. Regarding the dangers to consumers posed by the concentrations of arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb), over 75% of the sharks presented muscle concentrations of at least one contaminant above the legal limits for human consumption, and a risk assessment determined that consumption of meat of these sharks exceeding 0.07 Kg per week could potentially expose human consumers to dangerous amounts of methylmercury (MeHg). Additionally, the assessment of single contaminants may lead to an underestimation of the risk for the human health. Finally, the overall accumulation of contaminants seems to be mostly influenced by the sharks' geographical distribution, rather than sex, size, or trophic level of their prey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís M F Alves
- MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal.
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Ariana B Moutinho
- MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Filipe R Ceia
- University of Coimbra, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre / ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Juan Muñoz-Arnanz
- Dept. of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, (IQOG-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Jiménez
- Dept. of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, (IQOG-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sara C Novais
- MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
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20
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Muñoz-Arnanz J, Bartalini A, Alves L, Lemos MF, Novais SC, Jiménez B. Occurrence and distribution of persistent organic pollutants in the liver and muscle of Atlantic blue sharks: Relevance and health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 309:119750. [PMID: 35839970 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Blue shark score among the most abundant, widely distributed and worldwide consumed elasmobranchs. In this work contents of PCBs, PCDD/Fs and PBDEs were studied by means of GC-HRMS in muscle and liver of sixty blue sharks from the North East Atlantic sampled in 2019. Concentrations relatively similar were found for PCBs and PCDD/Fs in comparison with those in Atlantic specimens from the same area sampled in 2015. In contrast, PBDE loads doubled, likely mirroring the increased environmental presence of these pollutants. This, together with the different congener profiles reported for the same species in other geographical areas, highlighted the blue shark's potential as bioindicator of the degree and fingerprints of regional pollution by POPs. Interesting dissimilarities between muscle and liver concentrations were detected, most likely ascribed to distinct toxicokinetics involved for the different pollutants. Whereas most POPs preferentially accumulated in liver, some did the opposite in muscle. BDE-209 was the most prominent example, being almost negligible its presence in liver (0.3%) while accounting for ca. 14% of the total PBDE content in muscle. Different findings in this regard described for other shark species call for focused research to ascertain the role of the species in this apparent favored metabolization of BDE-209 in the liver. From a consumption perspective, the concentrations found in muscle -the most relevant part in the human diet-for PCBs and dioxin-like POPs were below the EU maximum allowed levels in foodstuff. Conversely, in liver about 58% and 78% of samples overpassed the European levels for tolerable intake of i-PCBs and dioxin POPs, respectively. Concentrations of PBDEs exceeded EQS (0.0085 ng/g w.w.) established by the European Water Framework Directive in 100% and 92% of liver and muscle samples, respectively, which adds to the open debate of such as a reduce value for this current EQS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Muñoz-Arnanz
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, IQOG-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alice Bartalini
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, IQOG-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Alves
- MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Marco Fl Lemos
- MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Sara C Novais
- MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Begoña Jiménez
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, IQOG-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Castro-Rendón RD, Calle-Morán MD, García-Arévalo I, Ordiano-Flores A, Galván-Magaña F. Mercury and Cadmium Concentrations in Muscle Tissue of the Blue Shark (Prionace glauca) in the Central Eastern Pacific Ocean. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3400-3411. [PMID: 34599733 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Blue sharks (Prionace glauca) are an important resource in Ecuador's fisheries; however, biological and ecological information of this species in the area is scarce. The goal of this study was to determine Hg and Cd concentration levels in muscle tissue, as well as its relationship with size, sex, and sexual maturity stages. A total of 80 specimens (34 females and 46 males) collected from the Ecuadorian longline fishing fleet between June and December 2012 were examined. Sizes for females ranged from 97 to 280 cm total length, with values of Hg between 0.20 to 2.38 mg kg-1 wet weight (x̄ = 0.71, ± 0.61) and values of Cd between 0.01 and 0.12 mg kg-1 (x̄ = 0.04, ± 0.02). Sizes for males ranged from 137 to 290 cm TL with values of Hg between 0.17 and 2.94 mg kg-1 (x̄ = 0.81, ± 0.68) and Cd concentrations between 0.01 and 0.12 mg kg-1 (x̄ = 0.04, ± 0.03). A Spearman's rank correlation showed a medium positive association between TL and Hg concentrations (ρ = 0.66; p < 0.05), but there was no correlation between TL and Cd concentrations (ρ = 0.00, p < 0.05). Of the analyzed sharks, 46% and 20% had Hg and Cd concentrations, respectively, greater than the limit established by authorities for fishes consumed by humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén D Castro-Rendón
- Facultad de Artes Y Ciencias Liberales, Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo (UEES), Escuela de Ciencias Ambientales, Km 2.5 vía La Puntilla, C.P. 092301, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Marcos D Calle-Morán
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Con Mención en Recursos Acuáticos, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Clausen S/N, C.P. 82000, Mazatlán, Mexico
| | - Isabel García-Arévalo
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Con Mención en Recursos Acuáticos, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Clausen S/N, C.P. 82000, Mazatlán, Mexico
- Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Des Contaminants Métalliques, Ifremer, Centre Atlantique, 44311 Cedex 3, Nantes, France
| | - Alfredo Ordiano-Flores
- Centro de Investigación Y Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, C.P, Mexico
| | - Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n. C.P. 23096, La Paz, Mexico.
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22
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Cordero-Maldonado C, Espinoza P. Cadmium and lead levels in muscle tissue of blue shark (Prionace glauca) in the Southeastern Pacific Waters. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 177:113523. [PMID: 35290836 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Prionace glauca is a top predator, prone to bioaccumulate trace elements, representing the most captured elasmobranch species for human consumption in Peru. Concentrations of cadmium and lead in the edible muscle tissue of the blue shark captured in the south Peruvian coastal waters and offshore north-central Chile were determined. The Cd and Pb levels varied between 0.004 and 0.014 and 0.004 and 0.03 mg kg-1, respectively. We found direct correlation of Cd concentration with the total length, nevertheless there was no clear relationship regarding sex, seasons, and capture areas. Both metals were below the safety limits for human consumption. The target hazard quotient (THQ) values suggest that its consumption does not represent a risk to the human health. In Peru, this is only the second paper that reports Cd and Pb in sharks. We recommend increasing the sampling by including larger sharks and in other regions of the Peruvian coastline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristel Cordero-Maldonado
- Carrera de Biología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Biológicas, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru.
| | - Pepe Espinoza
- Carrera de Biología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Biológicas, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru; Instituto del Mar del Perú, Esquina Gamarra con General Valle, Chucuito, Callao, Peru
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23
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Alves LMF, Lemos MFL, Cabral H, Novais SC. Elasmobranchs as bioindicators of pollution in the marine environment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 176:113418. [PMID: 35150988 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioindicator species are increasingly valuable in environmental pollution monitoring, and elasmobranch species include many suitable candidates for that role. By measuring contaminants and employing biomarkers of effect in relevant elasmobranch species, scientists may gain important insights about the impacts of pollution in marine ecosystems. This review compiles biomarkers applied in elasmobranchs to assess the effect of pollutants (e.g., metals, persistent organic pollutants, and plastics), and the environmental changes induced by anthropogenic activities (e.g., shifts in marine temperature, pH, and oxygenation). Over 30 biomarkers measured in more than 12 species were examined, including biotransformation biomarkers (e.g., cytochrome P450 1A), oxidative stress-related biomarkers (e.g., superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation, catalase, and vitamins), stress proteins (e.g., heat shock protein 70), reproductive and endocrine biomarkers (e.g., vitellogenin), osmoregulation biomarkers (e.g., trimethylamine N-oxide, Na+/K+-ATPase, and plasma ions), energetic and neurotoxic biomarkers (e.g., lactate dehydrogenase, lactate, and cholinesterases), and histopathological and morphologic biomarkers (e.g., tissue lesions and gross indices).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís M F Alves
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal.
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | | | - Sara C Novais
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
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24
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Nakajima R, Kawato M, Fujiwara Y, Tsuchida S, Ritchie H, Fujikura K. Occurrence and levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in deep-sea sharks from Suruga Bay, Japan. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 176:113427. [PMID: 35150990 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the prevalence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in deep-sea sharks. In this study, the levels and profiles of PBDEs were determined in liver samples of eight different species of deep-sea sharks collected in Suruga Bay, Japan. Widespread contamination of PBDEs in the deep-sea environment was reconfirmed in this study as these persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were detected in all specimens analyzed. Mean ΣPBDE levels in the deep-sea sharks ranged from 7 to 517 ng/g of lipid weight. The distribution patterns of BDE homologues were similar in all species where tetra-BDEs provided the dominant contribution to total PBDEs (46%). PBDEs levels were similar to, or higher than, those seen in other deep-sea sharks from different regions. The levels of PBDEs were likely to reflect their feeding preferences as higher PBDE levels were seen in species with higher trophic positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Nakajima
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
| | - Masaru Kawato
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Fujiwara
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Shinji Tsuchida
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Heather Ritchie
- RZSS WildGenes, Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Katsunori Fujikura
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
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25
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Rodrigues ACM, Gravato C, Galvão D, Silva VS, Soares AMVM, Gonçalves JMS, Ellis JR, Vieira RP. Ecophysiological effects of mercury bioaccumulation and biochemical stress in the deep-water mesopredator Etmopterus spinax (Elasmobranchii; Etmopteridae). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127245. [PMID: 34844362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a non-essential metal that can have toxic effects on the fitness of organisms and tends to bioaccumulate with age and to biomagnify in higher trophic levels. Few studies have assessed oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in deep-water sharks. This study evaluated early ontogenetic changes and physiological effects (antioxidant defences, oxidative damage, aerobic metabolism and neurotransmission functions) of Hg accumulation in the white muscle and brain tissues of the velvet belly lantern shark Etmopterus spinax from the southern Iberian coast (NE Atlantic). Results suggested that the low mercury concentrations observed may induce acute effects in E. spinax before they reach sexual maturity. We found different Hg concentrations in E. spinax: [Hg] males > [Hg] females; [Hg] muscle > [Hg] brain. Females appeared to have higher redox capability translated into higher activities and levels of antioxidant defences than males. However, higher levels of oxidative damage were also observed in females. Whilst the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unknown, these results suggest differences in mercury accumulation between tissues and sex, and potentially deleterious effects on oxidative stress status and neurophysiology of E. spinax, potentially impairing swimming performance and reproduction, which could subsequently impact on the health of both individuals and population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia C M Rodrigues
- CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810- 193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Gravato
- Faculdade de Ciências & CESAM, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniela Galvão
- CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810- 193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Virgília S Silva
- CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810- 193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810- 193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jorge M S Gonçalves
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Jim R Ellis
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Rui P Vieira
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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26
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Lara A, Galván-Magaña F, Elorriaga-Verplancken FR, Marmolejo-Rodríguez AJ, González-Armas R, Arreola-Mendoza L, Sujitha SB, Jonathan MP, Pantoja-Echevarría LM. Mercury, selenium and cadmium in juvenile blue (Prionace glauca) and smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena) sharks from the Northwest Mexican Pacific coast. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113311. [PMID: 35092935 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium, selenium, and mercury concentrations were measured in muscle and liver of juvenile blue (Prionace glauca) and smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena) sharks caught on the west coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico, to evaluate the human health risk associated with its consumption. Cd and Hg were lower than the maximum allowable limit for human consumption established by the Mexican government (Hg = 1.0 μg g-1 and Cd = 0.50 μg g-1). Interspecific differences in trace elements accumulation denoted diet variations and physiological requirements of each shark species. Calculated biomagnification factor (BMF) values confirmed a prey-predator trophic transfer of elements. Not significant results of Selenium health benefit Index value (P. glauca = -0.46; S. zygaena = -0.02) signify no potential risks for human health. However, calculated Hazard Index values displayed possible health hazards to the children who consume blue shark meat regularly. The local population is advised regarding the ingestion rates of shark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariagna Lara
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Avenida IPN, s/n Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, C.P. 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Avenida IPN, s/n Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, C.P. 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
| | - Fernando R Elorriaga-Verplancken
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Avenida IPN, s/n Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, C.P. 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Ana Judith Marmolejo-Rodríguez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Avenida IPN, s/n Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, C.P. 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Rogelio González-Armas
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Avenida IPN, s/n Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, C.P. 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Laura Arreola-Mendoza
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, C.P. 07340 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - S B Sujitha
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Arquitectura (ESIA), Unidad Ticoman, Calz. Ticomán 600, C.P. 07340 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - M P Jonathan
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, C.P. 07340 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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27
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Morão IFC, Lemos MFL, Félix R, Vieira S, Barata C, Novais SC. Stress response markers in the blood of São Tomé green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) and their relation with accumulated metal levels. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118490. [PMID: 34780755 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metals are persistent worldwide being harmful for diverse organisms and having complex and combined effects with other contaminants in the environment. Sea turtles accumulate these contaminants being considered good bioindicator species for marine pollution. However, very little is known on how this is affecting these charismatic animals. São Tomé and Príncipe archipelago harbours important green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) nesting and feeding grounds. The main goal of this study was to determine metal and metalloid accumulation in the blood of females C. mydas nesting in São Tomé Island, and evaluate the possible impacts of this contamination by addressing molecular stress responses. Gene expression analysis was performed in blood targeting genes involved in detoxification/sequestration and metal transport (mt, mtf and fer), and in antioxidant and oxidative stress responses (cat, sod, gr, tdx, txrd, selp and gclc). Micronuclei analysis in blood was also addressed as a biomarker of genotoxicity. Present results showed significant correlations between different gene expressions with the metals evaluated. The best GLM models and significant relationships were found for mt expression, for which 78% of the variability was attributed to metal levels (Al, Cu, Fe, Hg, Pb and Zn), followed by micronuclei count (65% - Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn and Zn), tdx expression (52% - Cd, Fe, Mn, Pb and Se), and cat expression (52% - As, Fe, Se and Cd x Hg). Overall, this study demonstrates that these green sea turtles are trying to adapt to the oxidative stress and damage produced by metals through the increased expression of antioxidants and other protectors, which raises concerns about the impacts on these endangered organisms' fitness. Furthermore, promising biomarker candidates associated to metal stress were identified in this species that may be used in future biomonitoring studies using C. mydas' blood, allowing for a temporal follow-up of the organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês F C Morão
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | - Rafael Félix
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | - Sara Vieira
- Associação Programa Tatô, Avenida Marginal 12 de Julho, Cidade de São Tomé, São Tomé e Príncipe, Portugal
| | - Carlos Barata
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara C Novais
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal.
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28
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Veron A, Dell'Anno A, Angelidis MO, Aloupi M, Danovaro R, Radakovitch O, Poirier A, Heussner S. Pollutant Pb burden in Mediterranean Centroscymnus coelolepis deep-sea sharks. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 174:113245. [PMID: 34995885 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report lead (Pb) analyses in juvenile (n = 37; mean length = 24.7 ± 2.3 cm) and adult (n = 16; mean length = 52.3 ± 9.3 cm) Centroscymnus coelolepis Mediterranean deep-sea sharks that are compared to Pb content in bathy-demersal, pelagic and shallow coastal sharks. Median Pb concentrations of C. coelolepis muscle (0.009-0.056 wet ppm) and liver (0.023-0.061 wet ppm) are among the lowest encountered in shark records. Stable Pb isotope imprints in adult C. coelolepis muscles highlight that most of Pb in C. coelolepis is from human origin. Lead isotopes reveal the persistence of gasoline Pb emitted in the 1970s in low-turnover adult shark's muscle while associated liver imprints are in equilibrium with recent pollutant Pb signatures suggesting an efficient pollutant Pb turnover metabolism. The comparison of Pb distribution between adult and juvenile cohorts suggests the role of dietary exposure and possible maternal offloading of Pb during gestation, likely associated to vitellogenesis in this aplacental viviparous deep-sea shark.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Veron
- CEREGE, UMR7330 CNRS, AMU, IRD, Coll. France, INRAE, Technopole Arbois, BP80, 13545 Aix en Provence cedex 4, France; GEOTOP, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP8888 Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C3P8, Canada.
| | - A Dell'Anno
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - M O Angelidis
- Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilini, Greece
| | - M Aloupi
- Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilini, Greece
| | - R Danovaro
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - O Radakovitch
- CEREGE, UMR7330 CNRS, AMU, IRD, Coll. France, INRAE, Technopole Arbois, BP80, 13545 Aix en Provence cedex 4, France; Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SRTE-LRTA, Cadarache, France
| | - A Poirier
- GEOTOP, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP8888 Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C3P8, Canada
| | - S Heussner
- CEFREM, UMR5110 CNRS, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France
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da Silva JM, Alves LMF, Laranjeiro MI, Bessa F, Silva AV, Norte AC, Lemos MFL, Ramos JA, Novais SC, Ceia FR. Accumulation of chemical elements and occurrence of microplastics in small pelagic fish from a neritic environment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118451. [PMID: 34740735 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of contaminant exposure in marine organisms often focuses on the most toxic chemical elements from upper trophic level species. Information on mid-trophic level species and particularly on potentially less harmful elements is lacking. Additionally, microplastics have been considered emergent contaminants in aquatic environments which have not been extensively studied in species from mid-trophic levels in food chains. This study aims to contribute to an overall assessment of environmental impacts of such chemicals in a community of small pelagic fish in the North Atlantic. The concentrations of 16 chemical elements, rarely simultaneously quantified (including minerals, trace elements and heavy metals), and the presence of microplastics were analysed in sardines (Sardina pilchardus) and mackerels (Scomber spp. and Trachurus trachurus) sampled along the Portuguese coast. Biochemical stress assessments and stable isotope analyses were also performed. The chemical element concentrations in S. pilchardus, T. trachurus, and Scomber spp. were relatively low and lower than the levels reported for the same species in the North Atlantic and adjacent areas. No clear relationships were found between chemical elements and oxidative damage in fish. However, the concentration of several chemical elements showed differences among species, being related with the species' habitat use, trophic niches, and specific feeding strategies. The presence of plastic pieces in the stomachs of 29% of the sampled fishes is particularly concerning, as these small pelagic fish from mid-trophic levels compose a significant part of the diet of humans and other top predators. This study highlights the importance of multidisciplinary approaches focusing on the individual, including position data, stable isotopes, and oxidative stress biomarkers as complementary tools in contamination assessment of the marine mid-trophic levels in food chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana M da Silva
- University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís M F Alves
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Maria I Laranjeiro
- University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Filipa Bessa
- University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Andreia V Silva
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Dr. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana C Norte
- University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Jaime A Ramos
- University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sara C Novais
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Filipe R Ceia
- University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Men W, Wang F, Yu W, He J, Lin F, Deng F, Yu T, Ma H, Zeng Z. Radioactive impacts of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident on blue sharks in the Northwest Pacific. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131537. [PMID: 34329145 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (FDNPPA) derived 134Cs, 137Cs and 110mAg in blue sharks captured in the Northwest Pacific during 2011-2018 were assessed for the first time in the aspects of radioactive contamination, temporal variation, maternal-to-fetus transfer, tissue distribution and radiation dose, to demonstrate the impacts of the FDNPPA on blue sharks. The contribution of the FDNPPA derived radiocesium in blue sharks (>52%) was estimated based on 134Cs/137Csactivity ratios. The effective and ecological half-lives of the FDNPPA derived 134Cs (270 d, 410 d), and 137Cs (430 d, 450 d) were calculated. These contaminations decreased with time and returned to the level before the FDNPPA during the period of Sep. 2017-Sep. 2018.134Cs and 137Cs tended to distribute in muscles, while 110mAg mainly distribute in their guts. 134Cs and 137Cs were also transferred to fetuses and the activities were up to ~30% of the maternal activities. Dose assessment demonstrated that the highest FDNPPA derived dose rate in blue sharks (~0.42 nGy/h) was far below the ERICA ecosystem screening benchmark of 10 μGy/h and the committed effective dose in humans from ingesting blue shark meat (0.06-0.90 μSv) was far less than that from annual consumption of food and water. It was far from causing radiation harm to blue sharks and humans, suggesting that the impacts of the FDNPPA on blue sharks were not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Men
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fangfang Deng
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Hauser-Davis RA, Rocha RCC, Saint'Pierre TD, Adams DH. Metal concentrations and metallothionein metal detoxification in blue sharks, Prionace glauca L. from the Western North Atlantic Ocean. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 68:126813. [PMID: 34171581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elasmobranchs are particularly vulnerable to environmental metal contamination, accumulating these contaminants at high rates and excreting them slowly. The blue shark Prionace glauca L. is one of the most heavily fished elasmobranchs, although information regarding metal contamination and detoxification in this species is notably lacking. METHODS Blue sharks were sampled in the western North Atlantic Ocean, in offshore waters adjacent to Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Total and metallothionein-bound liver and muscle metal concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), metallothionein detoxification and oxidative stress endpoints were determined by UV-vis spectrophotometry. RESULTS Metallothionein detoxification occurred for As, Cd, Cs, Cu, Hg, Pb, Se, Ti and Zn in liver, and for As, Cd, Cs, Pb, Se, and Zn in muscle, while reduced glutathione defenses seem to be related to Co and Zn exposure. CONCLUSION This is the first report for several metals (Ag, Co, non-radioactive Cs, Sb, Ti and V) for this species, which will aid in establishing baseline elemental data for biomonitoring efforts, health metrics, and conservation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4.365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Christian C Rocha
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22453-900, Brazil
| | | | - Douglas H Adams
- Cape Canaveral Scientific, 220 Surf Road, Melbourne Beach, FL, 32951, USA.
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Pancaldi F, Páez-Osuna F, Soto-Jiménez MF, Whitehead DA, González-Armas R, Vázquez-Haikin A, Becerril-García EE, Galván-Magaña F. Concentrations of Silver, Chrome, Manganese and Nickel in Two Stranded Whale Sharks (Rhincodon typus) from the Gulf of California. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 107:827-832. [PMID: 33904943 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03244-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of Ag, Cr, Mn and Ni were measured in tissues of two whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) stranded in La Paz Bay (LAP) and Punta Bufeo (PB), Gulf of California, during 2017 and 2018. The concentration range of Ni (0.012-1.12 µg/g ww) and Cr (0.16-5.21) in the epidermis of both specimens was lower compared to the concentrations found in the epidermis of whale sharks from East Africa. The whale shark from LAP exhibited higher levels of Mn (4.45 µg/g ww), Ni (0.284 µg/g ww) and Cr (5.21 µg/g ww) in the muscle compared to another filter feeder shark, the megamouth, from Taiwan and from Brazil. The highest concentrations of Ag were found in the heart (3.70) of the individual from LAP and in the filtering pads (1.93) of the shark from PB. Chromium in all selected tissues and the Mn found in the skeletal muscle, testicles (0.50), liver (Right lobe, 1.28; Left lobe, 1.63) and gills (1.54) of both sharks exceeded the limit established by the FAO/WHO for fish products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pancaldi
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n, 23096, La Paz, BCS, México
| | - Federico Páez-Osuna
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 82040, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México
- Miembro de El Colegio de Sinaloa, Antonio Rosales 435 Poniente, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
| | - Martín Federico Soto-Jiménez
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 82040, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México
| | - Darren A Whitehead
- Pelagios Kakunjá A.C, Sinaloa 1540, Las Garzas, 23070, La Paz, BCS, México
| | - Rogelio González-Armas
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n, 23096, La Paz, BCS, México
| | - Abraham Vázquez-Haikin
- Asociación de Pesca Deportiva Y Ecoturismo de Bahía de Los Ángeles, Domicilio Conocido, 22980, Bahía de Los Ángeles, Baja California, México
| | - Edgar Eduardo Becerril-García
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n, 23096, La Paz, BCS, México
- Pelagios Kakunjá A.C, Sinaloa 1540, Las Garzas, 23070, La Paz, BCS, México
| | - Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n, 23096, La Paz, BCS, México.
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33
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Menezes-Sousa D, Alonso MB, Pizzochero AC, Viana D, Roque P, Hazin FHV, Torres JPM. Equatorial Atlantic pelagic predators reveal low content of PBDEs in contrast to MeO-BDEs: An analysis of brominated diphenyl ethers in blue shark and yellowfin tuna. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 788:147820. [PMID: 34029810 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their methoxylated analogues (MeO-BDEs) are widely distributed in the environment. The main concern about the presence of PBDEs and MeO-BDEs in fish is due to their potential endocrine disruption effects in the specimens, and their potential risk to the health of human consumers. Considering these concerns, the goal of this study was to investigate the occurrence of PBDEs and MeO-BDEs in muscle tissues of blue shark (BSH), Prionace glauca, and yellowfin tuna (YFT), Thunnus albacares, caught in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean (EAO), North-eastern Brazilian waters, and to evaluate the potential risk of human exposure by consumption. Muscle tissues of YFT and BSH were extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus and an Accelerated Solvent Extractor (ASE), respectively. PBDEs and MeO-BDEs were analysed by GC-NCI-MS. Concentrations of PBDEs ranged from not detected (nd) to 10 ng g-1 lipid weight (lw) in YFT muscle samples, while PBDE levels in BSH muscle samples ranged from <LOQ to 34 ng g-1 lw. Regarding MeO-BDEs, the concentration ranged from 55 to 578 ng g-1 lw and from <LOQ to 263 ng g-1 lw in YFT and BSH muscle samples, respectively. MeO-BDE congeners contribution in both YFT and BSH indicated a predominance of 2'-MeO-BDE-68, which is associated to the sponges or sponge-microbiota metabolites. ∑PBDE were statistically similar between YFT and BSH, as well as observed for ∑MeO-BDE. PBDEs and MeO-BDEs in YFT and BSH represent a low potential risk of human exposure through the consumption of edible tissues. Further studies are necessary for a complete assessment of human safety and species conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhoone Menezes-Sousa
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Organic Micropollutants Laboratory Jan Japenga, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 CCS - Bl. G, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Radioisotopes Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 CCS - Bl. G, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Batha Alonso
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Organic Micropollutants Laboratory Jan Japenga, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 CCS - Bl. G, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Radioisotopes Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 CCS - Bl. G, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Pizzochero
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Radioisotopes Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 CCS - Bl. G, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Danielle Viana
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Fisheries Oceanography Laboratory, R. Dom Manuel de Medeiros S/N, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Pollyana Roque
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Fisheries Oceanography Laboratory, R. Dom Manuel de Medeiros S/N, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Fábio Hissa Vieira Hazin
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Fisheries Oceanography Laboratory, R. Dom Manuel de Medeiros S/N, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Machado Torres
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Organic Micropollutants Laboratory Jan Japenga, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 CCS - Bl. G, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Marques AFS, Alves LMF, Moutinho A, Lemos MFL, Novais SC. Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) metal accumulation: A public health concern for Atlantic fish consumers? MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 169:112477. [PMID: 34023586 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
One of the most landed sharks in Portuguese fisheries is the lesser-spotted dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula), which is ever-present in Portuguese fish markets and consumed as cheap fish protein source. The focus of this study was to evaluate element contamination in consumed tissues of Atlantic S. canicula, with the intent of safeguarding possible public health issues. A total of 74 specimens were analysed for metals and metalloids in the deeper white muscle and skin. Arsenic, zinc, iron and aluminium were the elements with higher mean values. There was a tendency for higher levels in the skin, with differences between life-stage and gender. Many individuals surpassed stipulated guideline limits for mercury and arsenic, posing a risk for human consumption (according to the health risk assessment performed for the average Portuguese fish consumption) or even for use in feed production. Besides the public health concern, this study also evidences troubling signs on marine contamination status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre F S Marques
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Portugal
| | - Luís M F Alves
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Portugal
| | - Ariana Moutinho
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Portugal
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Portugal
| | - Sara C Novais
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Portugal.
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35
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Pollution Biomarkers in the Framework of Marine Biodiversity Conservation: State of Art and Perspectives. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13131847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Marine biodiversity is threatened by several anthropogenic pressures. Pollution deriving from the discharge of chemical contaminants in the sea represents one of the main threats to the marine environment, influencing the health of organisms, their ability to recover their homeostatic status, and in turn endangering biodiversity. Molecular and cellular responses to chemical pollutants, known as biomarkers, are effect-based methodologies useful for detecting exposure and for assessing the effects of pollutants on biota in environmental monitoring. The present review analyzes and discusses the recent literature on the use of biomarkers in the framework of biodiversity conservation. The study shows that pollution biomarkers can be useful tools for monitoring and assessment of pollution threat to marine biodiversity, both in the environmental quality monitoring of protected areas and the assessment of the health status of species at risk. Moreover, key areas of the research that need further development are suggested, such as the development of omics-based biomarkers specifically addressed to conservation purposes and their validation in the field, the extension of the biomarker study to a wider number of endangered species, and the development of organic guidelines for the application of the biomarker approach in support to conservation policies and management.
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36
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Wosnick N, Niella Y, Hammerschlag N, Chaves AP, Hauser-Davis RA, da Rocha RCC, Jorge MB, de Oliveira RWS, Nunes JLS. Negative metal bioaccumulation impacts on systemic shark health and homeostatic balance. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 168:112398. [PMID: 33906010 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by metals is among the most pervasive anthropogenic threats to the environment. Despite the ecological importance of marine apex predators, the potential negative impacts of metal bioaccumulation and biomagnification on the health of higher trophic level species remains unclear. To date, most toxicology studies in sharks have focused on measuring metal concentrations in muscle tissues associating human consumption and food safety, without further investigating potential impacts on shark health. To help address this knowledge gap, the present study evaluated metal concentrations in the gills, muscle, liver and rectal gland of coastal sharks opportunistically sampled from Brazilian waters and tested for potential relationships between metal bioaccumulation and general shark health and homeostatic balance metrics. Results revealed high metal concentrations in all four tissue types, with levels varying in relation to size, sex, and life-stage. Metal concentrations were also associated with serum biomarkers (urea, lactate, ALT, triglycerides, alkaline phosphatase, and phosphorus) and body condition, suggesting potential negative impacts on organismal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Wosnick
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Yuri Niella
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Neil Hammerschlag
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Ana Paula Chaves
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (USP), SP, Brazil
| | - Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Savoca D, Pace A. Bioaccumulation, Biodistribution, Toxicology and Biomonitoring of Organofluorine Compounds in Aquatic Organisms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6276. [PMID: 34207956 PMCID: PMC8230574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review is a survey of recent advances in studies concerning the impact of poly- and perfluorinated organic compounds in aquatic organisms. After a brief introduction on poly- and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) features, an overview of recent monitoring studies is reported illustrating ranges of recorded concentrations in water, sediments, and species. Besides presenting general concepts defining bioaccumulative potential and its indicators, the biodistribution of PFCs is described taking in consideration different tissues/organs of the investigated species as well as differences between studies in the wild or under controlled laboratory conditions. The potential use of species as bioindicators for biomonitoring studies are discussed and data are summarized in a table reporting the number of monitored PFCs and their total concentration as a function of investigated species. Moreover, biomolecular effects on taxonomically different species are illustrated. In the final paragraph, main findings have been summarized and possible solutions to environmental threats posed by PFCs in the aquatic environment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Pace
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi di Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy;
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Lyons K, Adams DH, Bizzarro JJ. Evaluation of muscle tissue as a non-lethal proxy for liver and brain organic contaminant loads in an elasmobranch, the Bonnethead Shark (Sphyrna tiburo). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 167:112327. [PMID: 33873040 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Elasmobranch ecotoxicological investigations are complicated because accessing organs that accumulate organic contaminants is usually lethal. Several metrics among liver, muscle, and brain were evaluated to determine their relative organic contaminant loads and the efficacy of using muscle as a non-lethal proxy for liver. Liver contained the highest concentrations (368-4020 ng/g wet weigth [ww]) and greatest estimated total load of contaminants. Brain had higher toxin concentrations than muscle (4.18-84.2 ng/g ww versus 0.94-4.73 ng/g ww). Liver and brain were similar to each other in terms of contaminant detection occurrence and signature overlap, whereas muscle poorly reflected those of liver and brain. However, the identity of contaminants detected in muscle constituted those that substantially contributed to summed liver and brain concentrations. Thus, studies utilizing muscle as a non-lethal liver alternative to study organic contaminant exposure in elasmobranchs should craft questions with care, considering its limited ability to serve as an accurate proxy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kady Lyons
- Georgia Aquarium, 225 Baker St NW, Atlanta, GA 30313, USA.
| | - Douglas H Adams
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Melbourne FL, USA
| | - Joseph J Bizzarro
- Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing CA, USA; University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz CA, USA
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Risk assessment and study of trace/heavy metals in three species of fish of commercial interest on the island of El Hierro (Canary Islands, eastern-central Atlantic). J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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40
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Martins MF, Costa PG, Gadig OBF, Bianchini A. Metal contamination in threatened elasmobranchs from an impacted urban coast. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143803. [PMID: 33293088 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Guitarfishes and angelsharks are two of the most endangered elasmobranch groups. Despite this, limited knowledge exists regarding the effects of environmental contamination in these groups. For this reason, this study assessed the concentrations of metals in liver and muscle of three guitarfishes (Pseudobatos horkelii, P. percellens, and Zapteryx brevirostris) and one angelshark species (Squatina guggenheim) captured during the year of 2019 in one of the most impacted areas in South America: the São Paulo State coast, Brazil, Southwest Atlantic. Cadmium (Cd) Chromium (Cr) Cupper (Cu) Iron (Fe), Mercury (Hg), and Lead (Pb) were determined by atomic spectrometry, with samples being previously acid digested. Among the non-essential metals, Cd had the highest mean concentrations for all species, followed by Pb and Hg, whereas Fe had the highest mean levels among the essential metals analyzed, followed by Cu and Cr. Liver and muscle samples had different concentrations, with liver presenting the highest concentrations. Except for Cd, non-essential metals had relatively low concentrations when compared to other elasmobranch species reported in the literature, which could be explained by the efficiency in metabolizing these compounds or differential life history patterns among the species studied herein and other. Considering that all species analyzed herein are typically consumed, human health impacts must be considered, especially concerning Cd concentrations. Furthermore, Cd, Cr and Pb were above the safety limits, indicating potential hazard for human consumption. In conclusion, our results suggest that these species are exposed to metals and that concentrations above the safety limits observed for these species must be taken into consideration regarding human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana F Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Av. Itália Km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia G Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Av. Itália Km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Otto B F Gadig
- Elasmobranch Research Laboratory, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus do Litoral Paulista, Praça Infante Dom Henrique s/n°, 11330-900 São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Av. Itália Km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, Brazil
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Consales G, Marsili L. Assessment of the conservation status of Chondrichthyans: underestimation of the pollution threat. THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2020.1858981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G. Consales
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - L. Marsili
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Inter-University Center of Cetacean Research (CIRCE), Siena, Italy
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Chynel M, Munschy C, Bely N, Héas-Moisan K, Pollono C, Jaquemet S. Legacy and emerging organic contaminants in two sympatric shark species from Reunion Island (Southwest Indian Ocean): Levels, profiles and maternal transfer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 751:141807. [PMID: 33181997 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) and bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas) by legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and emerging organic contaminants was investigated in specimens from Reunion Island (Southwest Indian Ocean) in 2018 and 2019. Contamination levels were determined in the muscle of adult individuals of both sexes in relation to biological and trophic parameters. Maternal transfer was additionally investigated in one set of embryos in each species. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), organochlorinated pesticide (OCP) and perfluoroalkylated substance (PFAS) concentrations were 2597 ± 2969, 785 ± 966 and 267 ± 194 pg g-1 ww, respectively, in bull sharks, and 339 ± 270, 1025 ± 946 and 144 ± 53 pg g-1 ww in tiger sharks. The results highlighted higher PCB contamination, and by the heavier congeners, in adult bull sharks versus tiger sharks. The significant differences found in PCB profiles and concentrations suggest that the two species are exposed to different contamination sources. As bull sharks rely on a more coastal habitat for feeding, their higher contamination by PCBs suggests the occurrence of local PCB sources. DDT concentrations were similar in both species, suggesting a more homogeneous contamination on the scale of the Southwest Indian Ocean. Female bull sharks showed lower OCP and PCB concentrations than males, while this trend was not observed in tiger sharks. The ratio of chlorinated contaminants in muscle between the mother and her embryos was related to molecule hydrophobicity in bull shark but not in tiger shark, suggesting that shark mode of gestation, known to be different in the two species, is a key driver of organic contaminant maternal transfer. Finally, the results show that organic contaminant levels in the studied species were lower than those of other shark species in the Southern Hemisphere, related to the limited urbanization and industrialization of Reunion Island.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chynel
- IFREMER (French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea), Laboratory of Biogeochemistry of Organic Contaminants, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - C Munschy
- IFREMER (French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea), Laboratory of Biogeochemistry of Organic Contaminants, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 3, France.
| | - N Bely
- IFREMER (French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea), Laboratory of Biogeochemistry of Organic Contaminants, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - K Héas-Moisan
- IFREMER (French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea), Laboratory of Biogeochemistry of Organic Contaminants, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - C Pollono
- IFREMER (French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea), Laboratory of Biogeochemistry of Organic Contaminants, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - S Jaquemet
- Université de La Réunion, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE (Université de La Réunion-CNRS-IRD), Avenue René Cassin CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis Cedex 9, Ile de La Réunion, France
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Lozano-Bilbao E, González-Delgado S, Alcázar-Treviño J. Use of survival rates of the barnacle Chthamalus stellatus as a bioindicator of pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:1247-1253. [PMID: 33174175 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11550-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of heavy metals and trace elements in marine environments have increasingly become a problem for several ocean ecosystems, due to increments in pollution. Habitats daily exposed to extreme conditions, such as the intertidal rocky platforms and pools, are more vulnerable to pollution effects. In the coast of Punta del Hidalgo (Tenerife, Spain), we have located a water-treatment plant that could be pouring periodically pollutants to the near shore. We studied coverage and survival rates of the cirriped Chthamalus stellatus inhabiting the intertidal near the sewage pipe of the water plant of Punta del Hidalgo and in a control area in a proximate location. Concurrently, water samples from intertidal pools were obtained from both affected and control areas in order to corroborate the presence of pollutants, analyzing the concentrations of metals and trace elements. The results obtained clarified that the area near the underwater outfall presented higher percentage of coverage and mortality of C. stellatus than the control zone. The analysis of metal content in water samples also showed higher concentrations of metals for the affected area compared to the control one. We therefore propose the use of survival rates of populations of C. stellatus in the intertidal as bioindicators of metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Lozano-Bilbao
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología (Unidad Departamental de Ciencias Marinas), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
- Grupo interuniversitario de Toxicología Alimentaria y Ambiental. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Ofra, 38071, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Sara González-Delgado
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología (Unidad Departamental de Ciencias Marinas), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Marine Community Ecology and Climate Change, Departamento de Biología Animal y Edafología y Geología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico F. Sánchez, s/n. 38, 38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Jesús Alcázar-Treviño
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología (Unidad Departamental de Ciencias Marinas), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- BIOECOMAC, Departamento de Biología Animal y Edafología y Geología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico F. Sánchez, s/n. 38, 38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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Seixas MJ, Martins E, Reis RL, Silva TH. Extraction and Characterization of Collagen from Elasmobranch Byproducts for Potential Biomaterial Use. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E617. [PMID: 33291538 PMCID: PMC7761862 DOI: 10.3390/md18120617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the worldwide increase of fisheries, fish wastes have had a similar increase, alternatively they can be seen as a source of novel substances for the improvement of society's wellbeing. Elasmobranchs are a subclass fished in high amounts, with some species being mainly bycatch. They possess an endoskeleton composed mainly by cartilage, from which chondroitin sulfate is currently obtained. Their use as a viable source for extraction of type II collagen has been hypothesized with the envisaging of a biomedical application, namely in biomaterials production. In the present work, raw cartilage from shark (Prionace glauca) and ray (Zeachara chilensis and Bathyraja brachyurops) was obtained from a fish processing company and submitted to acidic and enzymatic extractions, to produce acid-soluble collagen (ASC) and pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC). From all the extractions, P. glauca PSC had the highest yield (3.5%), followed by ray ASC (0.92%), ray PSC (0.50%), and P. glauca ASC (0.15%). All the extracts showed similar properties, with the SDS-PAGE profiles being compatible with the presence of both type I and type II collagens. Moreover, the collagen extracts exhibited the competence to maintain their conformation at human basal temperature, presenting a denaturation temperature higher than 37 °C. Hydrogels were produced using P. glauca PSC combined with shark chondroitin sulfate, with the objective of mimicking the human cartilage extracellular matrix. These hydrogels were cohesive and structurally-stable at 37 °C, with rheological measurements exhibiting a conformation of an elastic solid when submitted to shear strain with a frequency up to 4 Hz. This work revealed a sustainable strategy for the valorization of fisheries' by-products, within the concept of a circular economy, consisting of the use of P. glauca, Z. chilensis, and B. brachyurops cartilage for the extraction of collagen, which would be further employed in the development of hydrogels as a proof of concept of its biotechnological potential, ultimately envisaging its use in marine biomaterials to regenerate damaged cartilaginous tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel J. Seixas
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (M.J.S.); or (E.M.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Eva Martins
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (M.J.S.); or (E.M.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (M.J.S.); or (E.M.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Tiago H. Silva
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (M.J.S.); or (E.M.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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Landrigan PJ, Stegeman JJ, Fleming LE, Allemand D, Anderson DM, Backer LC, Brucker-Davis F, Chevalier N, Corra L, Czerucka D, Bottein MYD, Demeneix B, Depledge M, Deheyn DD, Dorman CJ, Fénichel P, Fisher S, Gaill F, Galgani F, Gaze WH, Giuliano L, Grandjean P, Hahn ME, Hamdoun A, Hess P, Judson B, Laborde A, McGlade J, Mu J, Mustapha A, Neira M, Noble RT, Pedrotti ML, Reddy C, Rocklöv J, Scharler UM, Shanmugam H, Taghian G, van de Water JA, Vezzulli L, Weihe P, Zeka A, Raps H, Rampal P. Human Health and Ocean Pollution. Ann Glob Health 2020; 86:151. [PMID: 33354517 PMCID: PMC7731724 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.2831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pollution - unwanted waste released to air, water, and land by human activity - is the largest environmental cause of disease in the world today. It is responsible for an estimated nine million premature deaths per year, enormous economic losses, erosion of human capital, and degradation of ecosystems. Ocean pollution is an important, but insufficiently recognized and inadequately controlled component of global pollution. It poses serious threats to human health and well-being. The nature and magnitude of these impacts are only beginning to be understood. Goals (1) Broadly examine the known and potential impacts of ocean pollution on human health. (2) Inform policy makers, government leaders, international organizations, civil society, and the global public of these threats. (3) Propose priorities for interventions to control and prevent pollution of the seas and safeguard human health. Methods Topic-focused reviews that examine the effects of ocean pollution on human health, identify gaps in knowledge, project future trends, and offer evidence-based guidance for effective intervention. Environmental Findings Pollution of the oceans is widespread, worsening, and in most countries poorly controlled. It is a complex mixture of toxic metals, plastics, manufactured chemicals, petroleum, urban and industrial wastes, pesticides, fertilizers, pharmaceutical chemicals, agricultural runoff, and sewage. More than 80% arises from land-based sources. It reaches the oceans through rivers, runoff, atmospheric deposition and direct discharges. It is often heaviest near the coasts and most highly concentrated along the coasts of low- and middle-income countries. Plastic is a rapidly increasing and highly visible component of ocean pollution, and an estimated 10 million metric tons of plastic waste enter the seas each year. Mercury is the metal pollutant of greatest concern in the oceans; it is released from two main sources - coal combustion and small-scale gold mining. Global spread of industrialized agriculture with increasing use of chemical fertilizer leads to extension of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) to previously unaffected regions. Chemical pollutants are ubiquitous and contaminate seas and marine organisms from the high Arctic to the abyssal depths. Ecosystem Findings Ocean pollution has multiple negative impacts on marine ecosystems, and these impacts are exacerbated by global climate change. Petroleum-based pollutants reduce photosynthesis in marine microorganisms that generate oxygen. Increasing absorption of carbon dioxide into the seas causes ocean acidification, which destroys coral reefs, impairs shellfish development, dissolves calcium-containing microorganisms at the base of the marine food web, and increases the toxicity of some pollutants. Plastic pollution threatens marine mammals, fish, and seabirds and accumulates in large mid-ocean gyres. It breaks down into microplastic and nanoplastic particles containing multiple manufactured chemicals that can enter the tissues of marine organisms, including species consumed by humans. Industrial releases, runoff, and sewage increase frequency and severity of HABs, bacterial pollution, and anti-microbial resistance. Pollution and sea surface warming are triggering poleward migration of dangerous pathogens such as the Vibrio species. Industrial discharges, pharmaceutical wastes, pesticides, and sewage contribute to global declines in fish stocks. Human Health Findings Methylmercury and PCBs are the ocean pollutants whose human health effects are best understood. Exposures of infants in utero to these pollutants through maternal consumption of contaminated seafood can damage developing brains, reduce IQ and increase children's risks for autism, ADHD and learning disorders. Adult exposures to methylmercury increase risks for cardiovascular disease and dementia. Manufactured chemicals - phthalates, bisphenol A, flame retardants, and perfluorinated chemicals, many of them released into the seas from plastic waste - can disrupt endocrine signaling, reduce male fertility, damage the nervous system, and increase risk of cancer. HABs produce potent toxins that accumulate in fish and shellfish. When ingested, these toxins can cause severe neurological impairment and rapid death. HAB toxins can also become airborne and cause respiratory disease. Pathogenic marine bacteria cause gastrointestinal diseases and deep wound infections. With climate change and increasing pollution, risk is high that Vibrio infections, including cholera, will increase in frequency and extend to new areas. All of the health impacts of ocean pollution fall disproportionately on vulnerable populations in the Global South - environmental injustice on a planetary scale. Conclusions Ocean pollution is a global problem. It arises from multiple sources and crosses national boundaries. It is the consequence of reckless, shortsighted, and unsustainable exploitation of the earth's resources. It endangers marine ecosystems. It impedes the production of atmospheric oxygen. Its threats to human health are great and growing, but still incompletely understood. Its economic costs are only beginning to be counted.Ocean pollution can be prevented. Like all forms of pollution, ocean pollution can be controlled by deploying data-driven strategies based on law, policy, technology, and enforcement that target priority pollution sources. Many countries have used these tools to control air and water pollution and are now applying them to ocean pollution. Successes achieved to date demonstrate that broader control is feasible. Heavily polluted harbors have been cleaned, estuaries rejuvenated, and coral reefs restored.Prevention of ocean pollution creates many benefits. It boosts economies, increases tourism, helps restore fisheries, and improves human health and well-being. It advances the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). These benefits will last for centuries. Recommendations World leaders who recognize the gravity of ocean pollution, acknowledge its growing dangers, engage civil society and the global public, and take bold, evidence-based action to stop pollution at source will be critical to preventing ocean pollution and safeguarding human health.Prevention of pollution from land-based sources is key. Eliminating coal combustion and banning all uses of mercury will reduce mercury pollution. Bans on single-use plastic and better management of plastic waste reduce plastic pollution. Bans on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have reduced pollution by PCBs and DDT. Control of industrial discharges, treatment of sewage, and reduced applications of fertilizers have mitigated coastal pollution and are reducing frequency of HABs. National, regional and international marine pollution control programs that are adequately funded and backed by strong enforcement have been shown to be effective. Robust monitoring is essential to track progress.Further interventions that hold great promise include wide-scale transition to renewable fuels; transition to a circular economy that creates little waste and focuses on equity rather than on endless growth; embracing the principles of green chemistry; and building scientific capacity in all countries.Designation of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) will safeguard critical ecosystems, protect vulnerable fish stocks, and enhance human health and well-being. Creation of MPAs is an important manifestation of national and international commitment to protecting the health of the seas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John J. Stegeman
- Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, US
| | - Lora E. Fleming
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, GB
- University of Exeter Medical School, GB
| | | | - Donald M. Anderson
- Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, US
| | | | | | - Nicolas Chevalier
- Université Côte d’Azur, FR
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Inserm, C3M, FR
| | - Lilian Corra
- International Society of Doctors for the Environment (ISDE), CH
- Health and Environment of the Global Alliance on Health and Pollution (GAHP), AR
| | | | - Marie-Yasmine Dechraoui Bottein
- Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, FR
- IOC Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, University of Copenhagen, DK
- Ecotoxicologie et développement durable expertise ECODD, Valbonne, FR
| | - Barbara Demeneix
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, FR
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FR
| | | | - Dimitri D. Deheyn
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, US
| | | | - Patrick Fénichel
- Université Côte d’Azur, FR
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Inserm, C3M, FR
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark E. Hahn
- Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, US
| | | | - Philipp Hess
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation des Mers, FR
| | | | | | - Jacqueline McGlade
- Institute for Global Prosperity, University College London, GB
- Strathmore University Business School, Nairobi, KE
| | | | - Adetoun Mustapha
- Nigerian Institute for Medical Research, Lagos, NG
- Imperial College London, GB
| | | | | | | | - Christopher Reddy
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, US
| | - Joacim Rocklöv
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, SE
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pál Weihe
- University of the Faroe Islands and Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, FO
| | | | - Hervé Raps
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, MC
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Health and Sustainable Development, MC
| | - Patrick Rampal
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, MC
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Health and Sustainable Development, MC
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Dzyuba V, Ninhaus-Silveira A, Veríssimo-Silveira R, Rodina M, Dzyuba B. Sperm antioxidant system in ocellate river stingray Potamotrygon motoro at transition from seminal vesicle to cloaca. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:1975-1980. [PMID: 32676985 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00848-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The importance of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant system in sperm biology has been recognized for different bony fishes but nothing is known in this regard for chondrichthyans. For the first time for cartilaginous fishes, the enzymatic antioxidant system was shown herein to be present in both fractions of sperm (spermatozoa and seminal fluid) collected from two different places (seminal vesicle and cloaca). In internally fertilizing freshwater ocellate river stingray, Potamotrygon motoro, the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase was not changed upon sperm transition from the seminal vesicle to the cloaca. The activity of catalase was significantly increased for both sperm fractions at transition from the seminal vesicle to the cloaca (1.6 times for spermatozoa and 1.9 times for seminal fluid). The role of the sperm antioxidant system for different aspects of internal fertilization is discussed. The presented results are the initiatory step in uncovering the biochemical events of internal reproduction in Chondrichthyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Dzyuba
- Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Alexandre Ninhaus-Silveira
- Neotropical Ichthyology Laboratory (LINEO), Department of Biology and Zootechny, Ilha Solteira School of Engineering, São Paulo State University, Monção Street, 226, Ilha Solteira, SP, 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Rosicleire Veríssimo-Silveira
- Neotropical Ichthyology Laboratory (LINEO), Department of Biology and Zootechny, Ilha Solteira School of Engineering, São Paulo State University, Monção Street, 226, Ilha Solteira, SP, 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Marek Rodina
- Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Borys Dzyuba
- Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
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Wang B, Wang H, Han D, Chen J, Yin Y. Studying the mixture effects of brominated flame retardants and metal ions by comet assay. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115677. [PMID: 33254668 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the sensitivities of diverse cell lines on DNA damage effects and genotoxic effects of three brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and three metal ions (Cu2+, Cd2+, Hg2+) by comet assay. First, THP-1 was identified as the most sensitive cell line in terms of DNA damage among 11 kinds of cells screened. Accordingly, the THP-1 cell line was used as a model in subsequent single/combined genotoxicity tests. Single exposure tests to BFRs or metal ions revealed that the DNA damage effects increased with increasing exposure concentration. In combined exposure tests, BFRs (at concentrations of 1/2 EC50) were deployed in combination with different concentrations of Cu2+, Cd2+, or Hg2+. The results showed that the % tail DNA values were significantly increased by most mixtures. Our findings on combined toxic effects by comet assay provide valuable information for setting valid environmental safety evaluation standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Daxiong Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Jinming Chen
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yan Yin
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
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Hauser-Davis RA. The current knowledge gap on metallothionein mediated metal-detoxification in Elasmobranchs. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10293. [PMID: 33194442 PMCID: PMC7643557 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Elasmobranchs are particularly vulnerable to environmental contamination, especially pollutants that may bioaccumulate and biomagnify, throughout the trophic web, such as metals. However, Elasmobranch management and conservation plans are challenging, and this group is often neglected regarding ecotoxicological analyses, particularly concerning metal detoxification mechanisms. This article discusses metallothionein (MT) mediated metal detoxification in Elasmobranchs and reflects on the current knowledge gap in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção a Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Tiktak GP, Butcher D, Lawrence PJ, Norrey J, Bradley L, Shaw K, Preziosi R, Megson D. Are concentrations of pollutants in sharks, rays and skates (Elasmobranchii) a cause for concern? A systematic review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 160:111701. [PMID: 33181965 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This review represents a comprehensive analysis on pollutants in elasmobranchs including meta-analysis on the most studied pollutants: mercury, cadmium, PCBs and DDTs, in muscle and liver tissue. Elasmobranchs are particularly vulnerable to pollutant exposure which may pose a risk to the organism as well as humans that consume elasmobranch products. The highest concentrations of pollutants were found in sharks occupying top trophic levels (Carcharhiniformes and Lamniformes). A human health risk assessment identified that children and adults consuming shark once a week are exposed to over three times more mercury than is recommended by the US EPA. This poses a risk to local fishing communities and international consumers of shark-based products, as well as those subject to the widespread mislabelling of elasmobranch products. Wider screening studies are recommended to determine the risk to elasmobranchs from emerging pollutants and more robust studies are recommended to assess the risks to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guuske P Tiktak
- Ecology & Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK.
| | - Demi Butcher
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Peter J Lawrence
- Bangor University, School of Ocean Sciences, Askew St, Menai Bridge, Wales LL59 5AB, UK
| | - John Norrey
- Ecology & Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Lee Bradley
- Ecology & Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Kirsty Shaw
- Ecology & Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Richard Preziosi
- Ecology & Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - David Megson
- Ecology & Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
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50
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Somerville R, Fisher M, Persson L, Ehnert-Russo S, Gelsleichter J, Bielmyer-Fraser G. Analysis of Trace Element Concentrations and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Muscle Tissue of the Atlantic Sharpnose Shark, Rhizoprionodon terraenovae. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 79:371-390. [PMID: 32865634 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-020-00753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metals occur naturally in the environment; however, anthropogenic practices have greatly increased metal concentrations in waterways, sediments, and biota. Metals pose health risks to marine organisms and have been associated with oxidative stress, which can lead to protein denaturation, DNA mutations, and cellular apoptosis. Sharks are important species ecologically, recreationally, and commercially. Because they occupy a high trophic level, assessing muscle tissue metal concentrations in sharks may reflect metal transfer in marine food webs. In this study, concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead, nickel, selenium, silver, and zinc were measured in the muscle of Rhizoprionodon terraenovae (Atlantic sharpnose shark) from 12 sites along the coast of the southeastern United States. Activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) also were examined in the muscle tissue of R. terraenovae. A total of 165 samples were analyzed, and differences in trace element bioaccumulation and enzyme activity were observed across sites. R. terraenovae samples collected from South Florida and South Carolina had the highest cumulative trace element concentrations whereas those collected from North Carolina and Alabama had the lowest cumulative concentrations. Trace element concentrations in shark muscle tissue were significantly correlated to antioxidant enzyme activity, particularly with glutathione peroxidase, suggesting that this enzyme may serve as a non-lethal, biomarker of metal exposure in R. terraenovae. This is one of the most extensive studies providing reference levels of trace elements and oxidative stress enzymes in a single elasmobranch species within the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Somerville
- Jacksonville University, 2800 University Blvd N, Jacksonville, FL, 32211, USA.
| | - Maya Fisher
- Jacksonville University, 2800 University Blvd N, Jacksonville, FL, 32211, USA
| | - Louise Persson
- Jacksonville University, 2800 University Blvd N, Jacksonville, FL, 32211, USA
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