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Lenders M, Rudolph E, Brand E. Impact of ER stress and the unfolded protein response on Fabry disease. EBioMedicine 2025; 115:105733. [PMID: 40300326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2025] [Revised: 04/14/2025] [Accepted: 04/14/2025] [Indexed: 05/01/2025] Open
Abstract
Fabry disease (FD) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by pathogenic missense and nonsense variants in the α-galactosidase A (GLA) gene, leading to absent or reduced enzyme activity. The resulting lysosomal accumulation of the substrate globotriaosylceramide leads to progressive renal failure, cardiomyopathy with (malignant) cardiac arrhythmias and progressive heart failure as well as recurrent strokes, which significantly limits the life expectancy of patients affected with FD. There is increasing evidence that pathogenic GLA missense variants as well as formally benign GLA variants can cause retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), resulting in ER stress, which in turn triggers an unfolded protein response (UPR) leading to cellular dysregulation including inflammation, irreversible cell damage, and apoptosis. This review aims to provide an update on the pathogenetic significance of ER stress and UPR in FD, current treatment options, including pharmaceutical and chemical chaperones, and an outlook on current research and future treatment options in FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Lenders
- Internal Medicine D (Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology), and Interdisciplinary Fabry Centre (IFAZ), University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
| | - Elisa Rudolph
- Internal Medicine D (Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology), and Interdisciplinary Fabry Centre (IFAZ), University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Eva Brand
- Internal Medicine D (Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology), and Interdisciplinary Fabry Centre (IFAZ), University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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2
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Anisimova AS, Karagöz GE. HaloPROTAC3 treatment activates the unfolded protein response of the endoplasmic reticulum in nonengineered mammalian cell lines. Mol Biol Cell 2025; 36:mr3. [PMID: 40105918 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e24-08-0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2025] Open
Abstract
Proteins fused to HaloTag, an engineered haloalkane dehalogenase, can be depleted by a heterobifunctional degrader compound HaloPROTAC3. The binding of HaloPROTAC3 to both the HaloTag and the E3 ligase von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) brings them into proximity and mediates the degradation of the HaloTag fusion proteins. Here, we generated a colon cancer cell line HCT116 expressing HaloTag fused to the RNA-binding protein IGF2BP3 to study its function. HaloPROTAC3 treatment depleted 75% of HaloTag-IGF2BP3 in 5 h. Transcriptomics revealed that HaloPROTAC3 treatment resulted in the destabilization of IGF2BP3 target mRNAs and activated the unfolded protein response (UPR). Surprisingly, we found that HaloPROTAC3 results in UPR activation in nonengineered mammalian cells. Our data demonstrate that HaloPROTAC3 causes mild endoplasmic reticulum stress independent of IGF2BP3 function and shall guide future studies using the HaloPROTAC3 protein depletion strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra S Anisimova
- Max Perutz Labs Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Elif Karagöz
- Max Perutz Labs Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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3
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Sharma A, Heffernan LM, Hoang K, Jeyaseelan S, Beavers WN, Abuaita BH. Activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress regulator IRE1α compromises pulmonary host defenses. Cell Rep 2025; 44:115632. [PMID: 40315054 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2025] [Accepted: 04/09/2025] [Indexed: 05/04/2025] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) is associated with lung infections where innate immune cells are drivers for progression and resolution ammatory cytokinesflammation. Yet, the role of IRE1α in pulmonary innate immune host defense during acute respiratory infection remains unexplored. Here, we found that activation of IRE1α in infected lungs compromises immunity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced primary and secondary pneumonia. Moreover, activation of IRE1α in MRSA-infected lungs and alveolar macrophages (AMs) leads to exacerbated production of inflammatory mediators followed by cell death. Ablation of myeloid IRE1α or global IRE1α inhibition confers protection against MRSA-induced pneumonia with improved survival, bacterial clearance, cytokine reduction, and lung injury. In addition, loss of myeloid IRE1α protects mice against MRSA-induced secondary to influenza pneumonia by promoting AM survival. Thus, activation of IRE1α is detrimental to pneumonia, and therefore, it shows potential as a target to control excessive unresolved lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Sharma
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Linda M Heffernan
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Ky Hoang
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Samithamby Jeyaseelan
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - William N Beavers
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Mass Spectrometry Resource Center, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Basel H Abuaita
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
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4
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Aryal B, Kwakye J, Ariyo OW, Ghareeb AFA, Milfort MC, Fuller AL, Khatiwada S, Rekaya R, Aggrey SE. Major Oxidative and Antioxidant Mechanisms During Heat Stress-Induced Oxidative Stress in Chickens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2025; 14:471. [PMID: 40298812 PMCID: PMC12023971 DOI: 10.3390/antiox14040471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2025] [Revised: 04/08/2025] [Accepted: 04/10/2025] [Indexed: 04/30/2025] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) is one of the most important stressors in chickens, and its adverse effects are primarily caused by disturbing the redox homeostasis. An increase in electron leakage from the mitochondrial electron transport chain is the major source of free radical production under HS, which triggers other enzymatic systems to generate more radicals. As a defense mechanism, cells have enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems that work cooperatively against free radicals. The generation of free radicals, particularly the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), under HS condition outweighs the cellular antioxidant capacity, resulting in oxidative damage to macromolecules, including lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and DNA. Understanding these detrimental oxidative processes and protective defense mechanisms is important in developing mitigation strategies against HS. This review summarizes the current understanding of major oxidative and antioxidant systems and their molecular mechanisms in generating or neutralizing the ROS/RNS. Importantly, this review explores the potential mechanisms that lead to the development of oxidative stress in heat-stressed chickens, highlighting their unique behavioral and physiological responses against thermal stress. Further, we summarize the major findings associated with these oxidative and antioxidant mechanisms in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash Aryal
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA or (B.A.); (J.K.); (O.W.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;
| | - Josephine Kwakye
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA or (B.A.); (J.K.); (O.W.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Oluwatomide W. Ariyo
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA or (B.A.); (J.K.); (O.W.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Ahmed F. A. Ghareeb
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA or (B.A.); (J.K.); (O.W.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health (BIAH), Gainesville, GA 30501, USA
| | - Marie C. Milfort
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA or (B.A.); (J.K.); (O.W.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Alberta L. Fuller
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA or (B.A.); (J.K.); (O.W.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Saroj Khatiwada
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;
| | - Romdhane Rekaya
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Samuel E. Aggrey
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA or (B.A.); (J.K.); (O.W.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
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5
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Zhou H, Zhang J, Wang R, Huang J, Xin C, Song Z. The unfolded protein response is a potential therapeutic target in pathogenic fungi. FEBS J 2025. [PMID: 40227882 DOI: 10.1111/febs.70100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2024] [Revised: 01/15/2025] [Accepted: 04/04/2025] [Indexed: 04/16/2025]
Abstract
Pathogenic fungal infections cause significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in immunocompromised patients. The frequent emergence of multidrug-resistant strains challenges existing antifungal therapies, driving the need to investigate novel antifungal agents that target new molecular moieties. Pathogenic fungi are subjected to various environmental stressors, including pH, temperature, and pharmacological agents, both in natural habitats and the host body. These stressors elevate the risk of misfolded or unfolded protein production within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) which, if not promptly mitigated, can lead to the accumulation of these proteins in the ER lumen. This accumulation triggers an ER stress response, potentially jeopardizing fungal survival. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a critical cellular defense mechanism activated by ER stress to restore the homeostasis of protein folding. In recent years, the regulatory role of the UPR in pathogenic fungi has garnered significant attention, particularly for its involvement in fungal adaptation, regulation of virulence, and drug resistance. In this review, we comparatively analyze the UPRs of fungi and mammals and examine the potential utility of the UPR as a molecular antifungal target in pathogenic fungi. By clarifying the specificity and regulatory functions of the UPR in pathogenic fungi, we highlight new avenues for identifying potential therapeutic targets for antifungal treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinping Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ju Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Caiyan Xin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhangyong Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Hemodynamics and Medical Engineering Combination Key Laboratory of Luzhou, China
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6
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Yan C, Zhu W, Li R, Xu Q, Li D, Zhang W, Leng L, Shao A, Guo Z. Mapping Dynamic Protein Clustering with AIEgen-Active Chemigenetic Probe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025; 64:e202422996. [PMID: 39831846 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202422996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2024] [Revised: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 01/18/2025] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
Protein clustering/disassembling is a fundamental process in biomolecular condensates, playing a crucial role in cell fate decision and cellular homeostasis. However, the inherent features of protein clustering, especially for its reversible behavior and subtle microenvironment variation, present significant hurdles in probe chemistry for tracking protein clustering dynamics. Herein, we report a bilateral-tailored chemigenetic probe, in which an "amphiphilic" aggregate-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) QMSO3Cl is covalently conjugated to a protein tag that is genetically fused to protein-of-interest (POI). Prior to target POI, the "amphiphilic" AIE-active QMSO3Cl achieves a completely dark state in both aqueous biological environment and lipophilic organelles, thereby ensuring an ultra-low intrinsic background interference. Upon reaching POI, the combination of synthetic molecule and genetically encoded protein allows for protein clustering-dependent ultra-sensitive response, with a substantial lighting-up fluorescence (67.5-fold) as protein transitions from disassembling to clustering state. Such ultra-high signal-to-noise ratio enables to monitor the dynamic and fate of inositol requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) clustering/disassembling under both acute and chronic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in living cells. For the first time, we have demonstrated the use of chemigenetic probe to reveal therapy-induced ER stress and screen drugs in a three-dimensional scenario: microviscosity change, clustering dynamic, and cluster morphology. This chemigenetic probe design strategy would greatly facilitate the advancement of mapping protein dynamics in cell homeostasis and medicine research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Yan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wendi Zhu
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Clinical Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Runqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Vaccines and Drugs in Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Vaccines and Drugs in Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Dan Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Weixu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ling Leng
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Clinical Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Andong Shao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Vaccines and Drugs in Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Zhiqian Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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7
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Walter NS, Gorki V, Bhardwaj R, Punnakkal P. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: Implications in Diseases. Protein J 2025; 44:147-161. [PMID: 40082380 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-025-10264-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a specialized organelle that plays a significant role in cellular function. The major functions of ER include protein synthesis and transport, folding of proteins, biosynthesis of lipids, calcium (Ca2+) storage, and redox balance. The loss of ER integrity results in the induction of ER stress within the cell due to the accumulation of unfolded, improperly folded proteins or changes in Ca2+ metabolism and redox balance of organelle. This ER stress commences the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) that serves to counteract the ER stress via three sensors inositol requiring protein-1 (IRE1), protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6) that serve to establish ER homeostasis and alleviates ER stress. Severe ER dysfunction ultimately results in the induction of apoptosis. Increasing shreds of evidence suggest the implication of ER stress in the development and progression of several diseases viz. tuberculosis, malaria, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, and cancer. Activation of ER stress can be beneficial for treating some diseases while inhibiting the process can be useful in others. A deeper understanding of these pathways can provide key insights in designing novel therapeutics to treat these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sylvia Walter
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Varun Gorki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Rishi Bhardwaj
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Pradeep Punnakkal
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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8
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Dabsan S, Twito G, Biadsy S, Igbaria A. Less is better: various means to reduce protein load in the endoplasmic reticulum. FEBS J 2025; 292:976-989. [PMID: 38865586 PMCID: PMC11880973 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important organelle that controls the intracellular and extracellular environments. The ER is responsible for folding almost one-third of the total protein population in the eukaryotic cell. Disruption of ER-protein folding is associated with numerous human diseases, including metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. During ER perturbations, the cells deploy various mechanisms to increase the ER-folding capacity and reduce ER-protein load by minimizing the number of substrates entering the ER to regain homeostasis. These mechanisms include signaling pathways, degradation mechanisms, and other processes that mediate the reflux of ER content to the cytosol. In this review, we will discuss the recent discoveries of five different ER quality control mechanisms, including the unfolded protein response (UPR), ER-associated-degradation (ERAD), pre-emptive quality control, ER-phagy and ER to cytosol signaling (ERCYS). We will discuss the roles of these processes in decreasing ER-protein load and inter-mechanism crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salam Dabsan
- Department of Life SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
| | - Gal Twito
- Department of Life SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
| | - Suma Biadsy
- Department of Life SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
| | - Aeid Igbaria
- Department of Life SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
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9
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Ali M, Wollenhaupt-Aguiar B, Wang Y, Abu-Hijleh F, Rigg N, de Azevedo Cardoso T, Ahmed I, Gopalakrishnan R, Jansen K, de Mattos Souza LD, Azevedo da Silva R, Mondin TC, Kapczinski F, Moreira FP, Lofts A, Gwynne WD, Hoare T, Mishra R, Frey BN. Investigation of the mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor-endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in mood disorders. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2025; 28:pyaf004. [PMID: 39803900 PMCID: PMC11808195 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyaf004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2025] [Indexed: 02/11/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with impaired cellular resilience. Recent studies have shown abnormalities in the unfolded protein response (UPR) in BD. The UPR is the cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF), a trophic factor, decreases ER stress by modulating the UPR. The objective of this study is to investigate the MANF-ER stress pathway in BD and major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to healthy controls (HC). METHODS MANF protein concentration and MANF and GRP78 gene expression were assessed in peripheral blood from individuals with BD, MDD, and HC (protein: 40 BD, 55 MDD, 55 HC; gene expression: 52 BD, 61 MDD, 69 HC). MANF protein and gene expression along with GRP78 gene expression were also analyzed in postmortem brain tissue (20 BD, 20 MDD, 19 HC). MANF protein was quantified using an ELISA assay while quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used for MANF and GRP78 gene expression. RESULTS Peripheral MANF protein levels were reduced in individuals with BD in a depressive state compared to controls (P = .031) and euthymic BD participants (P = .013). No significant differences in MANF or GRP78 gene expression were observed in BD irrespective of mood state, or MDD compared to HC (all P > .05). No differences were observed regarding MANF/GRP78 protein or gene expression levels in postmortem tissue (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with BD who were in an acute depressive phase were found to have reduced peripheral MANF levels potentially signifying abnormal UPR and supporting the notion that BD is associated with increased ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali
- MiNDS Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bianca Wollenhaupt-Aguiar
- Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Mood Disorders Treatment and Research Centre and Women’s Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yifan Wang
- Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Medical School, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fahed Abu-Hijleh
- MiNDS Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicolette Rigg
- MiNDS Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso
- IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Imran Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Michael G. Degroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ridhi Gopalakrishnan
- Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Jansen
- Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Flavio Kapczinski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Andrew Lofts
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - William D Gwynne
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Todd Hoare
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ram Mishra
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Mood Disorders Treatment and Research Centre and Women’s Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Ren Z, Bao J, Zhao S, Pozzi N, Wedner HJ, Atkinson JP. N-glycosylation in the SERPIN domain of the C1-esterase inhibitor in hereditary angioedema. JCI Insight 2025; 10:e185548. [PMID: 39823539 PMCID: PMC11949052 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.185548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2025] [Indexed: 01/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Hereditary angioedema is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by defects in C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH), resulting in poorly controlled activation of the kallikrein-kinin system and bradykinin overproduction. C1-INH is a heavily glycosylated protein in the serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) family, yet the role of these glycosylation sites remains unclear. To elucidate the functional impact of N-glycosylation in the SERPIN domain of C1-INH, we engineered 4 sets consisting of 26 variants at or near the N-linked sequon (NXS/T). Among these, 6 are reported in patients with hereditary angioedema and 5 are known C1-INH variants without accessible clinical histories. We systematically evaluated their expression, structure, and functional activity with C1s̄, FXIIa, and kallikrein. Our findings showed that of the 11 reported variants, 7 were deleterious. Deleting N at the 3 naturally occurring N-linked sequons (N238, N253, and N352) resulted in pathologic consequences. Altering these sites by substituting N with A disrupted N-linked sugar attachment, but preserved protein expression and function. Furthermore, an additional N-linked sugar generated at N272 impaired C1-INH function. These findings highlight the importance of N-linked sequons in modulating the expression and function of C1-INH. Insights gained from identifying the pathological consequences of N-glycan variants should assist in defining more tailored therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Ren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - John Bao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Shuangxia Zhao
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Endocrinology, The Core Laboratory in Medical Center of Clinical Research, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nicola Pozzi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Edward A. Doisy Research Center, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - H. James Wedner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - John P. Atkinson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Teixeira GF, Mentzinger J, Monnerat JADS, Velasco LL, Lucchetti BB, Rocha L, Oliveira LAD, Medeiros RF, Nóbrega ACLD, Rocha HNM, Rocha NG. Stress in pregnancy alters hepatic unfolded protein responses in male adult offspring. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2025; 596:112430. [PMID: 39608483 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2024] [Revised: 11/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/25/2024] [Indexed: 11/30/2024]
Abstract
Stress is considered an independent risk factor for the development of cardiometabolic disorders, especially when it occurs during pregnancy, and it may play an important role in stress-induced fetal programming on the protein-folding homeostasis in hepatic endoplasmic reticulum. The study aimed to determine the effects of prenatal stress on the unfolded protein responses in the liver of male and female offspring of Wistar rats. Pregnant Wistar rats at 90 days old were divided into control and stress groups. The unpredictable stress protocol was performed from the 14th to the 21st day of pregnancy. The offspring of each group were divided into four groups according to sex and intervention. After the lactation period, the dams were anesthetized and euthanized for blood collection to determine plasma corticosterone levels. At 90 days old, the offspring were anesthetized and euthanized for liver tissue collection to measure protein expression of the endoplasmic reticulum stress. Dams submitted to prenatal stress showed an increase in corticosterone levels when compared to the control group. In the male offspring, prenatal stress induced lower body mass at birth and at 90 days compared to control, while females presented lower body mass only at birth. Prenatal stress reduced eIF2α expression in males, while increased p-eIF2α expression similarly in both sexes. Furthermore, only males had a greater p-eIF2α/eIF2α ratio and androgen receptor expression when compared to its respective control group and females. Prenatal stress induced a hepatic programming in the reticulum endoplasmic responses only in males at 90 days old by increasing androgen receptor, eIF2α phosphorylation and activity, while in females stress during pregnancy reduced cHDL and had little impact on hepatic unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Fernandes Teixeira
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil; Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Juliana Mentzinger
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil; Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Juliana Arruda de Souza Monnerat
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil; Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Larissa Lírio Velasco
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil; Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Bianca Bittencourt Lucchetti
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil; Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Luiza Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil; Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Livia Alves de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil; Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Renata Frauches Medeiros
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil; Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Helena Naly Miguens Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil; Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Natália Galito Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil; Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil.
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12
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Bassiouni W, Mahmud Z, Simmen T, Seubert JM, Schulz R. MMP-2 inhibition attenuates ER stress-mediated cell death during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by preserving IRE1α. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2025; 198:74-88. [PMID: 39622369 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is one of the major events accompanying myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, as hypoxia and oxidative stress disrupt protein folding in the ER. As a result, the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated through different sensors including inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) and protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK). Failure of the UPR to reduce ER stress induces cellular dysfunction. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is a ubiquitous protease that is activated intracellularly in response to oxidative stress and partially localizes near the ER. However, its role in ER homeostasis is unknown. We hypothesized that MMP-2 is involved in the regulation of the UPR and ER stress-mediated apoptosis during IR injury. Isolated mouse hearts subjected to IR injury showed impaired recovery of post-ischemic contractile function compared to aerobically perfused controls. Ventricular extracts from IR hearts had higher levels of glucose-regulated protein-78 and protein disulfide isomerase and lower levels of IRE1α and PERK compared to aerobic controls. MMP-2 inhibitors, ARP-100 or ONO-4817, given 10 min before ischemia, improved cardiac post-ischemic recovery and preserved IRE1α level in hearts subjected to 30 min ischemia/40 min reperfusion. IR also increased the levels of CHOP and mitochondrial Bax and caspase-3 and -9 activities, indicating induction of apoptosis, all of which were attenuated by MMP-2 inhibitors, regardless of the reperfusion time. Immunoprecipitation showed an association between MMP-2 and IRE1α in aerobic and IR hearts. During myocardial IR injury MMP-2 may impair the UPR and induce apoptosis by proteolysis of IRE1α. Inhibition of MMP-2 activity protects against cardiac contractile dysfunction in part by preserving IRE1α and preventing the progression to myocardial cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Bassiouni
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Zabed Mahmud
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Thomas Simmen
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - John M Seubert
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Richard Schulz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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13
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Borar P, Biswas T, Chaudhuri A, Rao T P, Raychaudhuri S, Huxford T, Chakrabarti S, Ghosh G, Polley S. Dual-specific autophosphorylation of kinase IKK2 enables phosphorylation of substrate IκBα through a phosphoenzyme intermediate. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.06.27.546692. [PMID: 37732175 PMCID: PMC10508718 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.27.546692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and high-fidelity phosphorylation of two serines (S32 and S36) of IκBα by a prototype Ser/Thr kinase IKK2 is critical for fruitful canonical NF-κB activation. Here, we report that IKK2 is a dual specificity Ser/Thr kinase that autophosphorylates itself at tyrosine residues in addition to its activation loop serines. Mutation of one such tyrosine, Y169, located in proximity to the active site, to phenylalanine, renders IKK2 inactive for phosphorylation of S32 of IκBα. Surprisingly, auto-phosphorylated IKK2 relayed phosphate group(s) to IκBα without ATP when ADP is present. We also observed that mutation of K44, an ATP-binding lysine conserved in all protein kinases, to methionine renders IKK2 inactive towards specific phosphorylation of S32 or S36 of IκBα, but not non-specific substrates. These observations highlight an unusual evolution of IKK2, in which autophosphorylation of tyrosine(s) in the activation loop and the invariant ATP-binding K44 residue define its signal-responsive substrate specificity ensuring the fidelity of NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateeka Borar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Tapan Biswas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Ankur Chaudhuri
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Pallavi Rao T
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Swasti Raychaudhuri
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Tom Huxford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, USA
| | - Saikat Chakrabarti
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Gourisankar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Smarajit Polley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
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14
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Xu L, Peng F, Luo Q, Ding Y, Yuan F, Zheng L, He W, Zhang SS, Fu X, Liu J, Mutlu AS, Wang S, Nehring RB, Li X, Tang Q, Li C, Lv X, Dobrolecki LE, Zhang W, Han D, Zhao N, Jaehnig E, Wang J, Wu W, Graham DA, Li Y, Chen R, Peng W, Chen Y, Catic A, Zhang Z, Zhang B, Mustoe AM, Koong AC, Miles G, Lewis MT, Wang MC, Rosenberg SM, O'Malley BW, Westbrook TF, Xu H, Zhang XHF, Osborne CK, Li JB, Ellis MJ, Rimawi MF, Rosen JM, Chen X. IRE1α silences dsRNA to prevent taxane-induced pyroptosis in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell 2024; 187:7248-7266.e34. [PMID: 39419025 PMCID: PMC11645245 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is often combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs) to enhance immunotherapy responses. Despite the approval of chemo-immunotherapy in multiple human cancers, many immunologically cold tumors remain unresponsive. The mechanisms determining the immunogenicity of chemotherapy are elusive. Here, we identify the ER stress sensor IRE1α as a critical checkpoint that restricts the immunostimulatory effects of taxane chemotherapy and prevents the innate immune recognition of immunologically cold triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). IRE1α RNase silences taxane-induced double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) through regulated IRE1-dependent decay (RIDD) to prevent NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis. Inhibition of IRE1α in Trp53-/- TNBC allows taxane to induce extensive dsRNAs that are sensed by ZBP1, which in turn activates NLRP3-GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis. Consequently, IRE1α RNase inhibitor plus taxane converts PD-L1-negative, ICI-unresponsive TNBC tumors into PD-L1high immunogenic tumors that are hyper-sensitive to ICI. We reveal IRE1α as a cancer cell defense mechanism that prevents taxane-induced danger signal accumulation and pyroptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyong Xu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, James P. Allison Institute, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fanglue Peng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qin Luo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, James P. Allison Institute, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yao Ding
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, James P. Allison Institute, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fei Yuan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Liting Zheng
- Therapeutic Innovation Center (THINC), and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei He
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sophie S Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Xin Fu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Ayse Sena Mutlu
- Therapeutic Innovation Center (THINC), and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shuyue Wang
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ralf Bernd Nehring
- Therapeutic Innovation Center (THINC), and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xingyu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Qianzi Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Catherine Li
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, James P. Allison Institute, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiangdong Lv
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, James P. Allison Institute, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lacey E Dobrolecki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eric Jaehnig
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Weiche Wu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, James P. Allison Institute, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Davis A Graham
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yumei Li
- Therapeutic Innovation Center (THINC), and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rui Chen
- Therapeutic Innovation Center (THINC), and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Weiyi Peng
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andre Catic
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anthony M Mustoe
- Therapeutic Innovation Center (THINC), and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Albert C Koong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - George Miles
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael T Lewis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Meng C Wang
- HHMI Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Susan M Rosenberg
- Therapeutic Innovation Center (THINC), and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Thomas F Westbrook
- Therapeutic Innovation Center (THINC), and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Han Xu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiang H-F Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - C Kent Osborne
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jin Billy Li
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew J Ellis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mothaffar F Rimawi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Rosen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, James P. Allison Institute, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Dun L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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15
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Li R, Sun K. Regulation of chondrocyte apoptosis in osteoarthritis by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:750-763. [PMID: 39515603 PMCID: PMC11626768 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 11/01/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a common degenerative joint disease, is characterized by the apoptosis of chondrocytes as a primary pathophysiological change, with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) playing a crucial role. It has been demonstrated that an imbalance in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis can lead to ERS, activating three cellular adaptive response pathways through the unfolded protein response to restore ER homeostasis. Mild ERS exerts a protective effect on cells, while prolonged ERS that disrupts the self-regulatory balance of the ER activates apoptotic signaling pathways, leading to chondrocyte apoptosis and hastening OA progression. Hence, controlling the ERS signaling pathway and its apoptotic factors has become a critical focus for preventing and treating OA. This review aims to elucidate the key mechanisms of ERS pathway-induced apoptosis, associated targets, and regulatory pathways, offering valuable insights to enhance the mechanistic understanding of OA. It also reviews the mechanisms studied for ERS-related drugs or compounds for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzhong Li
- Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Kui Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Anhui Acupuncture Hospital, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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16
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Wang Y, Li J, Cao H, Li LF, Dai J, Cao M, Deng H, Zhong D, Luo Y, Li Y, Li M, Peng D, Sun Z, Gao X, Moon A, Tang L, Sun Y, Li S, Qiu HJ. African swine fever virus modulates the endoplasmic reticulum stress-ATF6-calcium axis to facilitate viral replication. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2399945. [PMID: 39230190 PMCID: PMC11441038 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2399945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF), caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a devastating infectious disease of domestic pigs and wild boar, which threatens the global pig industry. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a multifunctional signaling organelle in eukaryotic cells that is involved in protein synthesis, processing, posttranslational modification and quality control. As intracellular parasitic organisms, viruses have evolved several strategies to modulate ER functions to favor their life cycles. We have previously demonstrated that the differentially expressed genes associated with unfolded protein response (UPR), which represents a response to ER stress, are significantly enriched upon ASFV infection. However, the correlation between the ER stress or UPR and ASFV replication has not been illuminated yet. Here, we demonstrated that ASFV infection induces ER stress both in target cells and in vivo, and subsequently activates the activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) branch of the UPR to facilitate viral replication. Mechanistically, ASFV infection disrupts intracellular calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis, while the ATF6 pathway facilitates ASFV replication by increasing the cytoplasmic Ca2+ level. More specifically, we demonstrated that ASFV infection triggers ER-dependent Ca2+ release via the inositol triphosphate receptor (IP3R) channel. Notably, we showed that the ASFV B117L protein plays crucial roles in ER stress and the downstream activation of the ATF6 branch, as well as the disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis. Taken together, our findings reveal for the first time that ASFV modulates the ER stress-ATF6-Ca2+ axis to facilitate viral replication, which provides novel insights into the development of antiviral strategies for ASFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lian-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengxiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dailang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzi Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meilin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dingkun Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zitao Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Assad Moon
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijie Tang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Su Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua-Ji Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
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Bartolutti C, Kim AJ, Brar GA. UPR deficiency in budding yeast reveals a trade-off between ER folding capacity and maintenance of euploidy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.11.22.624941. [PMID: 39605714 PMCID: PMC11601577 DOI: 10.1101/2024.11.22.624941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
The Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) was discovered in budding yeast as a mechanism that allows cells to adapt to ER stress. While the Ire1 branch of this pathway is highly conserved, it is not thought to be important for cellular homeostasis in the absence of stress. Surprisingly, we found that removal of UPR activity led to pervasive aneuploidy in budding yeast cells, suggesting selective pressure resulting from UPR-deficiency. Aneuploid UPR-deficient cells grew better than euploid cells, but exhibited heightened general proteostatic stress, a hallmark of aneuploidy in wild-type cells. Modulation of key genes involved in ER proteostasis that were encoded on aneuploid chromosomes, could phenocopy the effects of aneuploidy, indicating that the reason cells require UPR activity to maintain euploidy is to counteract protein folding stress in the ER. In support of this model, aneuploidy in UPR-deficient cells can be prevented by expression of a UPR-independent general ER chaperone. Overall, our results indicate an unexpected role for the UPR in basal cell growth that is sufficiently important for cells to accept the costly trade-off of aneuploidy in the absence of UPR activity.
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Kamath MM, Adams EM, Lightfoot JD, Wells BL, Fuller KK. The mammalian Ire1 inhibitor, 4µ8C, exhibits broad anti- Aspergillus activity in vitro and in a treatment model of fungal keratitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1477463. [PMID: 39600871 PMCID: PMC11588707 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1477463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The fungal unfolded protein response consists of a two-component relay in which the ER-bound sensor, IreA, splices and activates the mRNA of the transcription factor, HacA. Previously, we demonstrated that hacA is essential for Aspergillus fumigatus virulence in a murine model of fungal keratitis (FK), suggesting the pathway could serve as a therapeutic target. Here we investigate the antifungal properties of known inhibitors of the mammalian Ire1 protein both in vitro and in a treatment model of FK. Methods The antifungal activity of Ire1 inhibitors was tested against conidia of several A. fumigatus isolates by a broth microdilution assay and against fungal biofilm by XTT reduction. The influence of 4μ8C on hacA mRNA splicing in A. fumigatus was assessed through gel electrophoresis and qRT-PCR of UPR regulatory genes. The toxicity and antifungal profile of 4μ8C in the cornea was assessed by applying drops to uninfected or A. fumigatus-infected corneas 3 times daily starting 4 hours post-inoculation. Corneas were evaluated daily through slit-lamp imaging and optical coherence tomography, or at endpoint through histology or fungal burden quantification via colony forming units. Results Among six Ire1 inhibitors screened, the endonuclease inhibitor 4μ8C displayed the strongest antifungal profile with an apparent fungicidal action. The compound both blocked conidial germination and hyphal metabolism of A. fumigatus Af293 in the same concentration range that blocked hacA splicing and UPR gene induction (60-120 µM). Topical treatment of sham-inoculated corneas with 0.5 and 2.5 mM 4μ8C did not impact corneal clarity, but did transiently inhibit epithelialization of corneal ulcers. Relative to vehicle-treated Af293-infected corneas, treatment with 0.5 and 2.5 mM drug resulted in a 50% and >90% reduction in fungal load, respectively, the latter of which corresponded to an absence of clinical signs of infection or corneal pathology. Conclusion The in vitro data suggest that 4μ8C displays antifungal activity against A. fumigatus through the specific inhibition of IreA. Topical application of the compound to the murine cornea can furthermore block the establishment of infection, suggesting this class of drugs can be developed as novel antifungals that improve visual outcomes in FK patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manali M. Kamath
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Emily M. Adams
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Jorge D. Lightfoot
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Becca L. Wells
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Kevin K. Fuller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Maxwell PH, Mahmood M, Villanueva M, Devine K, Avery N. Lifespan Extension by Retrotransposons under Conditions of Mild Stress Requires Genes Involved in tRNA Modifications and Nucleotide Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10593. [PMID: 39408922 PMCID: PMC11477299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251910593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Revised: 09/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Retrotransposons are mobile DNA elements that are more active with increasing age and exacerbate aging phenotypes in multiple species. We previously reported an unexpected extension of chronological lifespan in the yeast, Saccharomyces paradoxus, due to the presence of Ty1 retrotransposons when cells were aged under conditions of mild stress. In this study, we tested a subset of genes identified by RNA-seq to be differentially expressed in S. paradoxus strains with a high-copy number of Ty1 retrotransposons compared with a strain with no retrotransposons and additional candidate genes for their contribution to lifespan extension when cells were exposed to a moderate dose of hydroxyurea (HU). Deletion of ADE8, NCS2, or TRM9 prevented lifespan extension, while deletion of CDD1, HAC1, or IRE1 partially prevented lifespan extension. Genes overexpressed in high-copy Ty1 strains did not typically have Ty1 insertions in their promoter regions. We found that silencing genomic copies of Ty1 prevented lifespan extension, while expression of Ty1 from a high-copy plasmid extended lifespan in medium with HU or synthetic medium. These results indicate that cells adapt to expression of retrotransposons by changing gene expression in a manner that can better prepare them to remain healthy under mild stress.
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Wolf D, Röder C, Sendtner M, Lüningschrör P. An Essential Role for Calnexin in ER-Phagy and the Unfolded Protein Response. Cells 2024; 13:1498. [PMID: 39273068 PMCID: PMC11394613 DOI: 10.3390/cells13171498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
ER-phagy is a specialized form of autophagy, defined by the lysosomal degradation of ER subdomains. ER-phagy has been implicated in relieving the ER from misfolded proteins during ER stress upon activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Here, we identified an essential role for the ER chaperone calnexin in regulating ER-phagy and the UPR in neurons. We showed that chemical induction of ER stress triggers ER-phagy in the somata and axons of primary cultured motoneurons. Under basal conditions, the depletion of calnexin leads to an enhanced ER-phagy in axons. However, upon ER stress induction, ER-phagy did not further increase in calnexin-deficient motoneurons. In addition to increased ER-phagy under basal conditions, we also detected an elevated proteasomal turnover of insoluble proteins, suggesting enhanced protein degradation by default. Surprisingly, we detected a diminished UPR in calnexin-deficient early cortical neurons under ER stress conditions. In summary, our data suggest a central role for calnexin in orchestrating both ER-phagy and the UPR to maintain protein homeostasis within the ER.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Sendtner
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 5, 97078 Würzburg, Germany (C.R.)
| | - Patrick Lüningschrör
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 5, 97078 Würzburg, Germany (C.R.)
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21
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Sun X, Lin R, Lu X, Wu Z, Qi X, Jiang T, Jiang J, Mu P, Chen Q, Wen J, Deng Y. UPF3B modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress through interaction with inositol-requiring enzyme-1α. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:587. [PMID: 39138189 PMCID: PMC11322666 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06973-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a conserved and adaptive intracellular pathway that relieves the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by activating ER transmembrane stress sensors. As a consequence of ER stress, the inhibition of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is due to an increase in the phosphorylation of eIF2α, which has the effect of inhibiting translation. However, the role of NMD in maintaining ER homeostasis remains unclear. In this study, we found that the three NMD factors, up-frameshift (UPF)1, UPF2, or UPF3B, were required to negate the UPR. Among these three NMD factors, only UPF3B interacted with inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α). This interaction inhibited the kinase activity of IRE1α, abolished autophosphorylation, and reduced IRE1α clustering for ER stress. BiP and UPF3B jointly control the activation of IRE1α on both sides of the ER membrane. Under stress conditions, the phosphorylation of UPF3B was increased and the phosphorylated sites were identified. Both the UPF3BY160D genetic mutation and phosphorylation at Thr169 of UPF3B abolished its interaction with IRE1α and UPF2, respectively, leading to activation of ER stress and NMD dysfunction. Our study reveals a key physiological role for UPF3B in the reciprocal regulatory relationship between NMD and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- XingSheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong provincial key laboratory for the development biology and environmental adaptation of agricultural organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruqin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong provincial key laboratory for the development biology and environmental adaptation of agricultural organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinxia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong provincial key laboratory for the development biology and environmental adaptation of agricultural organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhikai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong provincial key laboratory for the development biology and environmental adaptation of agricultural organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Xueying Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong provincial key laboratory for the development biology and environmental adaptation of agricultural organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianqing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong provincial key laboratory for the development biology and environmental adaptation of agricultural organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong provincial key laboratory for the development biology and environmental adaptation of agricultural organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiqiang Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong provincial key laboratory for the development biology and environmental adaptation of agricultural organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingmei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong provincial key laboratory for the development biology and environmental adaptation of agricultural organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Jikai Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong provincial key laboratory for the development biology and environmental adaptation of agricultural organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yiqun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
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22
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Kamath MM, Adams EM, Lightfoot JD, Wells BL, Fuller KK. The mammalian Ire1 inhibitor, 4μ8C, exhibits broad anti- Aspergillus activity in vitro and in a treatment model of fungal keratitis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.08.607189. [PMID: 39149375 PMCID: PMC11326231 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.08.607189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Objective The fungal unfolded protein response consists of a two-component relay in which the ER-bound sensor, IreA, splices and activates the mRNA of the transcription factor, HacA. Previously, we demonstrated that hacA is essential for Aspergillus fumigatus virulence in a murine model of fungal keratitis (FK), suggesting the pathway could serve as a therapeutic target. Here we investigate the antifungal properties of known inhibitors of the mammalian Ire1 protein both in vitro and in a treatment model of FK. Methods The antifungal activity of Ire1 inhibitors was tested against conidia of several A. fumigatus isolates by a microbroth dilution assay and against fungal biofilm by XTT reduction. The influence of 4μ8C on hacA mRNA splicing in A. fumigatus was assessed through gel electrophoresis and qRT-PCR of UPR regulatory genes. The toxicity and antifungal profile of 4μ8C in the cornea was assessed by applying drops to uninfected or A. fumigatus-infected corneas 3 times daily starting 4 hours post-inoculation. Corneas were evaluated daily through slit-lamp imaging and optical coherence tomography, or at endpoint through histology or fungal burden quantification via colony forming units. Results Among six Ire1 inhibitors screened, the endonuclease inhibitor 4μ8C displayed the strongest antifungal profile with an apparent fungicidal action. The compound both blocked conidial germination and hyphal metabolism of A. fumigatus Af293 in the same concentration range that blocked hacA splicing and UPR gene induction (60-120 μM). Topical treatment of sham-inoculated corneas with 0.5 and 2.5 mM 4μ8C did not impact corneal clarity, but did transiently inhibit epithelialization of corneal ulcers. Relative to vehicle-treated Af293-infected corneas, treatment with 0.5 and 2.5 mM drug resulted in a 50% and >90% reduction in fungal load, respectively, the latter of which corresponded to an absence of clinical signs of infection or corneal pathology. Conclusion The in vitro data suggest that 4μ8C displays antifungal activity against A. fumigatus through the specific inhibition of IreA. Topical application of the compound to the murine cornea can furthermore block the establishment of infection, suggesting this class of drugs can be developed as novel antifungals that improve visual outcomes in FK patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manali M. Kamath
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Emily M. Adams
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Jorge D. Lightfoot
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Becca L. Wells
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Kevin K. Fuller
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
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23
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Kettel P, Karagöz GE. Endoplasmic reticulum: Monitoring and maintaining protein and membrane homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum by the unfolded protein response. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 172:106598. [PMID: 38768891 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) regulates essential cellular processes, including protein folding, lipid synthesis, and calcium homeostasis. The ER homeostasis is maintained by a conserved set of signaling cascades called the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). How the UPR senses perturbations in ER homeostasis has been the subject of active research for decades. In metazoans, the UPR consists of three ER-membrane embedded sensors: IRE1, PERK and ATF6. These sensors detect the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER lumen and adjust protein folding capacity according to cellular needs. Early work revealed that the ER-resident chaperone BiP binds to all three UPR sensors in higher eukaryotes and BiP binding was suggested to regulate their activity. More recent data have shown that in higher eukaryotes the interaction of the UPR sensors with a complex network of chaperones and misfolded proteins modulates their activation and deactivation dynamics. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests that the UPR monitors ER membrane integrity beyond protein folding defects. However, the mechanistic and structural basis of UPR activation by proteotoxic and lipid bilayer stress in higher eukaryotes remains only partially understood. Here, we review the current understanding of novel protein interaction networks and the contribution of the lipid membrane environment to UPR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kettel
- Max Perutz Laboratories Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria; Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Elif Karagöz
- Max Perutz Laboratories Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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24
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Liu S, Zhang X, Yao X, Wang G, Huang S, Chen P, Tang M, Cai J, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Xu R, Liu K, He K, Wang Y, Jiang L, Wang QA, Rui L, Liu J, Liu Y. Mammalian IRE1α dynamically and functionally coalesces with stress granules. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:917-931. [PMID: 38714852 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Upon endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, activation of the ER-resident transmembrane protein kinase/endoribonuclease inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) initiates a key branch of the unfolded protein response (UPR) through unconventional splicing generation of the transcription factor X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1s). Activated IRE1 can form large clusters/foci, whose exact dynamic architectures and functional properties remain largely elusive. Here we report that, in mammalian cells, formation of IRE1α clusters is an ER membrane-bound phase separation event that is coupled to the assembly of stress granules (SGs). In response to different stressors, IRE1α clusters are dynamically tethered to SGs at the ER. The cytosolic linker portion of IRE1α possesses intrinsically disordered regions and is essential for its condensation with SGs. Furthermore, disruption of SG assembly abolishes IRE1α clustering and compromises XBP1 mRNA splicing, and such IRE1α-SG coalescence engenders enrichment of the biochemical components of the pro-survival IRE1α-XBP1 pathway during ER stress. Our findings unravel a phase transition mechanism for the spatiotemporal assembly of IRE1α-SG condensates to establish a more efficient IRE1α machinery, thus enabling higher stress-handling capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songzi Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; the Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoge Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; the Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; the Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Shijia Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; the Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; the Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; the Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; the Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Research Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhuyin Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; the Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiliang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; the Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongzhi Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; the Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; the Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kangmin He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; the Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Qiong A Wang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Liangyou Rui
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, the University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jianmiao Liu
- Cellular Signaling Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; the Institute for Advanced Studies; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Imamichi T, Kusumoto N, Aoyama H, Takamatsu S, Honda Y, Muraoka S, Hagiwara-Komoda Y, Chiba Y, Onouchi H, Yamashita Y, Naito S. Phylogeny-linked occurrence of ribosome stalling on the mRNAs of Arabidopsis unfolded protein response factor bZIP60 orthologs in divergent plant species. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:4276-4294. [PMID: 38366760 PMCID: PMC11077094 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The bZIP60, XBP1 and HAC1 mRNAs encode transcription factors that mediate the unfolded protein response (UPR) in plants, animals and yeasts, respectively. Upon UPR, these mRNAs undergo unconventional cytoplasmic splicing on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to produce active transcription factors. Although cytoplasmic splicing is conserved, the ER targeting mechanism differs between XBP1 and HAC1. The ER targeting of HAC1 mRNA occurs before translation, whereas that of XBP1 mRNA involves a ribosome-nascent chain complex that is stalled when a hydrophobic peptide emerges from the ribosome; the corresponding mechanism is unknown for bZIP60. Here, we analyzed ribosome stalling on bZIP60 orthologs of plants. Using a cell-free translation system, we detected nascent peptide-mediated ribosome stalling during the translation elongation of the mRNAs of Arabidopsis, rice and Physcomitrium (moss) orthologs, and the termination-step stalling in the Selaginella (lycopod) ortholog, all of which occurred ∼50 amino acids downstream of a hydrophobic region. Transfection experiments showed that ribosome stalling contributes to cytoplasmic splicing in bZIP60u orthologs of Arabidopsis and Selaginella. In contrast, ribosome stalling was undetectable for liverwort, Klebsormidium (basal land plant), and green algae orthologs. This study highlights the evolutionary diversity of ribosome stalling and its contribution to ER targeting in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Imamichi
- Frontiers in Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Nao Kusumoto
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Haruka Aoyama
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Seidai Takamatsu
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Yugo Honda
- Frontiers in Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Shiori Muraoka
- Frontiers in Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Yuka Hagiwara-Komoda
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Yukako Chiba
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Division of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Onouchi
- Frontiers in Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
- Research Group of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Yui Yamashita
- Frontiers in Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
- Research Group of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Satoshi Naito
- Frontiers in Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Research Group of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
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26
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Hong S, Lee HG, Huh WK. ARV1 deficiency induces lipid bilayer stress and enhances rDNA stability by activating the unfolded protein response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107273. [PMID: 38588806 PMCID: PMC11089378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The stability of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) is maintained through transcriptional silencing by the NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase Sir2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Alongside proteostasis, rDNA stability is a crucial factor regulating the replicative lifespan of S. cerevisiae. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is induced by misfolding of proteins or an imbalance of membrane lipid composition and is responsible for degrading misfolded proteins and restoring endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane homeostasis. Recent investigations have suggested that the UPR can extend the replicative lifespan of yeast by enhancing protein quality control mechanisms, but the relationship between the UPR and rDNA stability remains unknown. In this study, we found that the deletion of ARV1, which encodes an ER protein of unknown molecular function, activates the UPR by inducing lipid bilayer stress. In arv1Δ cells, the UPR and the cell wall integrity pathway are activated independently of each other, and the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway is activated in a manner dependent on Ire1, which mediates the UPR. Activated Hog1 translocates the stress response transcription factor Msn2 to the nucleus, where it promotes the expression of nicotinamidase Pnc1, a well-known Sir2 activator. Following Sir2 activation, rDNA silencing and rDNA stability are promoted. Furthermore, the loss of other ER proteins, such as Pmt1 or Bst1, and ER stress induced by tunicamycin or inositol depletion also enhance rDNA stability in a Hog1-dependent manner. Collectively, these findings suggest that the induction of the UPR enhances rDNA stability in S. cerevisiae by promoting the Msn2-Pnc1-Sir2 pathway in a Hog1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Hong
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Geun Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ki Huh
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Metcalf MG, Monshietehadi S, Sahay A, Durieux J, Frakes AE, Velichkovska M, Mena C, Farinas A, Sanchez M, Dillin A. Cell non-autonomous control of autophagy and metabolism by glial cells. iScience 2024; 27:109354. [PMID: 38500817 PMCID: PMC10946330 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Glia are the protectors of the nervous system, providing neurons with support and protection from cytotoxic insults. We previously discovered that four astrocyte-like glia can regulate organismal proteostasis and longevity in C. elegans. Expression of the UPRER transcription factor, XBP-1s, in these glia increases stress resistance, and longevity, and activates the UPRER in intestinal cells via neuropeptides. Autophagy, a key regulator of metabolism and aging, has been described as a cell autonomous process. Surprisingly, we find that glial XBP-1s enhances proteostasis and longevity by cell non-autonomously reprogramming organismal lipid metabolism and activating autophagy. Glial XBP-1s regulates the activation of another transcription factor, HLH-30/TFEB, in the intestine. HLH-30 activates intestinal autophagy, increases intestinal lipid catabolism, and upregulates a robust transcriptional program. Our study reveals a novel role for glia in regulating peripheral lipid metabolism, autophagy, and organellar health through peripheral activation of HLH-30 and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa G. Metcalf
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Samira Monshietehadi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Arushi Sahay
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jenni Durieux
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ashley E. Frakes
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Martina Velichkovska
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Cesar Mena
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Amelia Farinas
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Melissa Sanchez
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Andrew Dillin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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28
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Le Goupil S, Laprade H, Aubry M, Chevet E. Exploring the IRE1 interactome: From canonical signaling functions to unexpected roles. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107169. [PMID: 38494075 PMCID: PMC11007444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response is a mechanism aiming at restoring endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis and is likely involved in other adaptive pathways. The unfolded protein response is transduced by three proteins acting as sensors and triggering downstream signaling pathways. Among them, inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α) (referred to as IRE1 hereafter), an endoplasmic reticulum-resident type I transmembrane protein, exerts its function through both kinase and endoribonuclease activities, resulting in both X-box binding protein 1 mRNA splicing and RNA degradation (regulated ire1 dependent decay). An increasing number of studies have reported protein-protein interactions as regulators of these signaling mechanisms, and additionally, driving other noncanonical functions. In this review, we deliver evolutive and structural insights on IRE1 and further describe how this protein interaction network (interactome) regulates IRE1 signaling abilities or mediates other cellular processes through catalytic-independent mechanisms. Moreover, we focus on newly discovered targets of IRE1 kinase activity and discuss potentially novel IRE1 functions based on the nature of the interactome, thereby identifying new fields to explore regarding this protein's biological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Le Goupil
- INSERM U1242, University of Rennes, Rennes, France; Centre de Lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France.
| | - Hadrien Laprade
- INSERM U1242, University of Rennes, Rennes, France; Centre de Lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Marc Aubry
- INSERM U1242, University of Rennes, Rennes, France; Centre de Lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Eric Chevet
- INSERM U1242, University of Rennes, Rennes, France; Centre de Lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
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29
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Müller R, König A, Groth S, Zarnowski R, Visser C, Handrianz T, Maufrais C, Krüger T, Himmel M, Lee S, Priest EL, Yildirim D, Richardson JP, Blango MG, Bougnoux ME, Kniemeyer O, d'Enfert C, Brakhage AA, Andes DR, Trümper V, Nehls C, Kasper L, Mogavero S, Gutsmann T, Naglik JR, Allert S, Hube B. Secretion of the fungal toxin candidalysin is dependent on conserved precursor peptide sequences. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:669-683. [PMID: 38388771 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01606-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans damages host cells via its peptide toxin, candidalysin. Before secretion, candidalysin is embedded in a precursor protein, Ece1, which consists of a signal peptide, the precursor of candidalysin and seven non-candidalysin Ece1 peptides (NCEPs), and is found to be conserved in clinical isolates. Here we show that the Ece1 polyprotein does not resemble the usual precursor structure of peptide toxins. C. albicans cells are not susceptible to their own toxin, and single NCEPs adjacent to candidalysin are sufficient to prevent host cell toxicity. Using a series of Ece1 mutants, mass spectrometry and anti-candidalysin nanobodies, we show that NCEPs play a role in intracellular Ece1 folding and candidalysin secretion. Removal of single NCEPs or modifications of peptide sequences cause an unfolded protein response (UPR), which in turn inhibits hypha formation and pathogenicity in vitro. Our data indicate that the Ece1 precursor is not required to block premature pore-forming toxicity, but rather to prevent intracellular auto-aggregation of candidalysin sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Müller
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Annika König
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Sabrina Groth
- Division of Biophysics, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Robert Zarnowski
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Corissa Visser
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Tom Handrianz
- Division of Biophysics, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Corinne Maufrais
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Krüger
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Maximilian Himmel
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Sejeong Lee
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Emily L Priest
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Deniz Yildirim
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Jonathan P Richardson
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew G Blango
- RNA Biology of Fungal Infections, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Paris, France
- Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Olaf Kniemeyer
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Christophe d'Enfert
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Paris, France
| | - Axel A Brakhage
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - David R Andes
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Verena Trümper
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Nehls
- Division of Biophysics, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
- Kiel Nano, Surface and Interface Science KiNSIS, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lydia Kasper
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Selene Mogavero
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Gutsmann
- Division of Biophysics, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
- Kiel Nano, Surface and Interface Science KiNSIS, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Julian R Naglik
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Stefanie Allert
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Hube
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany.
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
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30
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Mahdizadeh S, Stier M, Carlesso A, Lamy A, Thomas M, Eriksson LA. Multiscale In Silico Study of the Mechanism of Activation of the RtcB Ligase by the PTP1B Phosphatase. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:905-917. [PMID: 38282538 PMCID: PMC10865347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) is a transmembrane sensor that is part of a trio of sensors responsible for controlling the unfolded protein response within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Upon the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER, IRE1 becomes activated and initiates the cleavage of a 26-nucleotide intron from human X-box-containing protein 1 (XBP1). The cleavage is mediated by the RtcB ligase enzyme, which splices together two exons, resulting in the formation of the spliced isoform XBP1s. The XBP1s isoform activates the transcription of genes involved in ER-associated degradation to maintain cellular homeostasis. The catalytic activity of RtcB is controlled by the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of three tyrosine residues (Y306, Y316, and Y475), which are regulated by the ABL1 tyrosine kinase and PTP1B phosphatase, respectively. This study focuses on investigating the mechanism by which the PTP1B phosphatase activates the RtcB ligase using a range of advanced in silico methods. Protein-protein docking identified key interacting residues between RtcB and PTP1B. Notably, the phosphorylated Tyr306 formed hydrogen bonds and salt bridge interactions with the "gatekeeper" residues Arg47 and Lys120 of the inactive PTP1B. Classical molecular dynamics simulation emphasized the crucial role of Asp181 in the activation of PTP1B, driving the conformational change from an open to a closed state of the WPD-loop. Furthermore, QM/MM-MD simulations provided insights into the free energy landscape of the dephosphorylation reaction mechanism of RtcB, which is mediated by the PTP1B phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyed
Jalil Mahdizadeh
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michael Stier
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antonio Carlesso
- Department
of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University
of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Università
della Svizzera italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Euler
Institute, Via G. Buffi
13, CH-6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Aurore Lamy
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department
of Bioinformatics and Chemical Communication, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400 Apt, France
| | - Melissa Thomas
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Leif A. Eriksson
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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31
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Yilmaz E. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Obesity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1460:373-390. [PMID: 39287859 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-63657-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the world has seen an alarming increase in obesity and is closely associated with insulin resistance, which is a state of low-grade inflammation, the latter characterized by elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in blood and tissues. A shift in energy balance alters systemic metabolic regulation and the important role that chronic inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction, and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) plays in this process.Why obesity is so closely associated with insulin resistance and inflammation is not understood well. This suggests that there are probably many causes for obesity-related insulin resistance and inflammation. One of the faulty mechanisms is protein homeostasis, protein quality control system included protein folding, chaperone activity, and ER-associated degradation leading to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.The ER is a vast membranous network responsible for the trafficking of a wide range of proteins and plays a central role in integrating multiple metabolic signals critical in cellular homeostasis. Conditions that may trigger unfolded protein response activation include increased protein synthesis, the presence of mutant or misfolded proteins, inhibition of protein glycosylation, imbalance of ER calcium levels, glucose and energy deprivation, hypoxia, pathogens, or pathogen-associated components and toxins. Thus, characterizing the mechanisms contributing to obesity and identifying potential targets for its prevention and treatment will have a great impact on the control of associated conditions, particularly T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Yilmaz
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Kecioren, Ankara, Turkey.
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32
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Hicks D, Giresh K, Wrischnik LA, Weiser DC. The PPP1R15 Family of eIF2-alpha Phosphatase Targeting Subunits (GADD34 and CReP). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17321. [PMID: 38139150 PMCID: PMC10743859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The vertebrate PPP1R15 family consists of the proteins GADD34 (growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 34, the product of the PPP1R15A gene) and CReP (constitutive repressor of eIF2α phosphorylation, the product of the PPP1R15B gene), both of which function as targeting/regulatory subunits for protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) by regulating subcellular localization, modulating substrate specificity and assembling complexes with target proteins. The primary cellular function of these proteins is to facilitate the dephosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2-alpha (eIF2α) by PP1 during cell stress. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the cellular function, biochemistry and pharmacology of GADD34 and CReP, starting with a brief introduction of eIF2α phosphorylation via the integrated protein response (ISR). We discuss the roles GADD34 and CReP play as feedback inhibitors of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and highlight the critical function they serve as inhibitors of the PERK-dependent branch, which is particularly important since it can mediate cell survival or cell death, depending on how long the stressful stimuli lasts, and GADD34 and CReP play key roles in fine-tuning this cellular decision. We briefly discuss the roles of GADD34 and CReP homologs in model systems and then focus on what we have learned about their function from knockout mice and human patients, followed by a brief review of several diseases in which GADD34 and CReP have been implicated, including cancer, diabetes and especially neurodegenerative disease. Because of the potential importance of GADD34 and CReP in aspects of human health and disease, we will discuss several pharmacological inhibitors of GADD34 and/or CReP that show promise as treatments and the controversies as to their mechanism of action. This review will finish with a discussion of the biochemical properties of GADD34 and CReP, their regulation and the additional interacting partners that may provide insight into the roles these proteins may play in other cellular pathways. We will conclude with a brief outline of critical areas for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Hicks
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Engineering, Modesto Junior College, Modesto, CA 95350, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
| | - Krithika Giresh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
| | - Lisa A. Wrischnik
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
| | - Douglas C. Weiser
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
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33
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Jaksch D, Irnstorfer J, Kalman PF, Martinez J. Thioredoxin regulates the redox state and the activity of the human tRNA ligase complex. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 29:1856-1869. [PMID: 37648453 PMCID: PMC10653391 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079732.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian tRNA ligase complex (tRNA-LC) catalyzes the splicing of intron-containing pre-tRNAs in the nucleus and the splicing of XBP1 mRNA during the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the cytoplasm. We recently reported that the tRNA-LC coevolved with PYROXD1, an essential oxidoreductase that protects the catalytic cysteine of RTCB, the catalytic subunit of the tRNA-LC, against aerobic oxidation. In this study, we show that the oxidoreductase Thioredoxin (TRX) preserves the enzymatic activity of RTCB under otherwise inhibiting concentrations of oxidants. TRX physically interacts with oxidized RTCB, and reduces and reactivates RTCB through the action of its redox-active cysteine pair. We further show that TRX interacts with RTCB at late stages of UPR. Since the interaction requires oxidative conditions, our findings suggest that prolonged UPR generates reactive oxygen species. Thus, our results support a functional role for TRX in securing and repairing the active site of the tRNA-LC, thereby allowing pre-tRNA splicing and UPR to occur when cells encounter mild, but still inhibitory levels of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaarsini Jaksch
- Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Biocenter PhD Program, a Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johanna Irnstorfer
- Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra-Franziska Kalman
- Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Javier Martinez
- Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
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34
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Šešelja K, Bazina I, Vrecl M, Farger J, Schicht M, Paulsen F, Baus Lončar M, Pirman T. Tff3 Deficiency Differentially Affects the Morphology of Male and Female Intestines in a Long-Term High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16342. [PMID: 38003531 PMCID: PMC10671422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Trefoil factor family protein 3 (Tff3) protects the gastrointestinal mucosa and has a complex mode of action in different tissues. Here, we aimed to determine the effect of Tff3 deficiency on intestinal tissues in a long-term high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed model. A novel congenic strain without additional metabolically relevant mutations (Tff3-/-/C57Bl6NCrl strain, male and female) was used. Wild type (Wt) and Tff3-deficient mice of both sexes were fed a HFD for 36 weeks. Long-term feeding of a HFD induces different effects on the intestinal structure of Tff3-deficient male and female mice. For the first time, we found sex-specific differences in duodenal morphology. HFD feeding reduced microvilli height in Tff3-deficient females compared to that in Wt females, suggesting a possible effect on microvillar actin filament dynamics. These changes could not be attributed to genes involved in ER and oxidative stress, apoptosis, or inflammation. Tff3-deficient males exhibited a reduced cecal crypt depth compared to that of Wt males, but this was not the case in females. Microbiome-related short-chain fatty acid content was not affected by Tff3 deficiency in HFD-fed male or female mice. Sex-related differences due to Tff3 deficiency imply the need to consider both sexes in future studies on the role of Tff in intestinal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Šešelja
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bjenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.Š.); (I.B.)
| | - Iva Bazina
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bjenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.Š.); (I.B.)
| | - Milka Vrecl
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Jessica Farger
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (M.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Martin Schicht
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (M.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Friedrich Paulsen
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (M.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Mirela Baus Lončar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bjenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.Š.); (I.B.)
| | - Tatjana Pirman
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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35
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Zarrabi A, Perrin D, Kavoosi M, Sommer M, Sezen S, Mehrbod P, Bhushan B, Machaj F, Rosik J, Kawalec P, Afifi S, Bolandi SM, Koleini P, Taheri M, Madrakian T, Łos MJ, Lindsey B, Cakir N, Zarepour A, Hushmandi K, Fallah A, Koc B, Khosravi A, Ahmadi M, Logue S, Orive G, Pecic S, Gordon JW, Ghavami S. Rhabdomyosarcoma: Current Therapy, Challenges, and Future Approaches to Treatment Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5269. [PMID: 37958442 PMCID: PMC10650215 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare cancer arising in skeletal muscle that typically impacts children and young adults. It is a worldwide challenge in child health as treatment outcomes for metastatic and recurrent disease still pose a major concern for both basic and clinical scientists. The treatment strategies for rhabdomyosarcoma include multi-agent chemotherapies after surgical resection with or without ionization radiotherapy. In this comprehensive review, we first provide a detailed clinical understanding of rhabdomyosarcoma including its classification and subtypes, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. Later, we focus on chemotherapy strategies for this childhood sarcoma and discuss the impact of three mechanisms that are involved in the chemotherapy response including apoptosis, macro-autophagy, and the unfolded protein response. Finally, we discuss in vivo mouse and zebrafish models and in vitro three-dimensional bioengineering models of rhabdomyosarcoma to screen future therapeutic approaches and promote muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34396, Türkiye; (A.Z.); (A.Z.)
| | - David Perrin
- Section of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (D.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Mahboubeh Kavoosi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (M.K.); (B.B.); (F.M.); (J.R.); (P.K.); (S.A.); (S.M.B.); (P.K.); (B.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.G.)
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 8 Krzywousty St., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Micah Sommer
- Section of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (D.P.); (M.S.)
- Section of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Serap Sezen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Türkiye; (S.S.); (N.C.); (B.K.)
| | - Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Department of Influenza and Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran;
| | - Bhavya Bhushan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (M.K.); (B.B.); (F.M.); (J.R.); (P.K.); (S.A.); (S.M.B.); (P.K.); (B.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.G.)
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Filip Machaj
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (M.K.); (B.B.); (F.M.); (J.R.); (P.K.); (S.A.); (S.M.B.); (P.K.); (B.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.G.)
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jakub Rosik
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (M.K.); (B.B.); (F.M.); (J.R.); (P.K.); (S.A.); (S.M.B.); (P.K.); (B.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.G.)
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Philip Kawalec
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (M.K.); (B.B.); (F.M.); (J.R.); (P.K.); (S.A.); (S.M.B.); (P.K.); (B.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.G.)
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1R9, Canada
| | - Saba Afifi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (M.K.); (B.B.); (F.M.); (J.R.); (P.K.); (S.A.); (S.M.B.); (P.K.); (B.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.G.)
| | - Seyed Mohammadreza Bolandi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (M.K.); (B.B.); (F.M.); (J.R.); (P.K.); (S.A.); (S.M.B.); (P.K.); (B.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.G.)
| | - Peiman Koleini
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (M.K.); (B.B.); (F.M.); (J.R.); (P.K.); (S.A.); (S.M.B.); (P.K.); (B.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.G.)
| | - Mohsen Taheri
- Genetics of Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743463, Iran;
| | - Tayyebeh Madrakian
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 6517838695, Iran; (T.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Marek J. Łos
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 8 Krzywousty St., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Benjamin Lindsey
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (M.K.); (B.B.); (F.M.); (J.R.); (P.K.); (S.A.); (S.M.B.); (P.K.); (B.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.G.)
| | - Nilufer Cakir
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Türkiye; (S.S.); (N.C.); (B.K.)
| | - Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34396, Türkiye; (A.Z.); (A.Z.)
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1419963114, Iran;
| | - Ali Fallah
- Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Türkiye;
| | - Bahattin Koc
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Türkiye; (S.S.); (N.C.); (B.K.)
- Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Türkiye;
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Türkiye
| | - Arezoo Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul 34959, Türkiye;
| | - Mazaher Ahmadi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 6517838695, Iran; (T.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Susan Logue
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (M.K.); (B.B.); (F.M.); (J.R.); (P.K.); (S.A.); (S.M.B.); (P.K.); (B.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.G.)
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology–UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Stevan Pecic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA;
| | - Joseph W. Gordon
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (M.K.); (B.B.); (F.M.); (J.R.); (P.K.); (S.A.); (S.M.B.); (P.K.); (B.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.G.)
- College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (M.K.); (B.B.); (F.M.); (J.R.); (P.K.); (S.A.); (S.M.B.); (P.K.); (B.L.); (S.L.); (J.W.G.)
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
- Academy of Silesia, Faculty of Medicine, Rolna 43, 40-555 Katowice, Poland
- Research Institutes of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
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Wu Y, Feng S, Sun Z, Hu Y, Jia X, Zeng B. An outlook to sophisticated technologies and novel developments for metabolic regulation in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae expression system. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1249841. [PMID: 37869712 PMCID: PMC10586203 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1249841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most extensively used biosynthetic systems for the production of diverse bioproducts, especially biotherapeutics and recombinant proteins. Because the expression and insertion of foreign genes are always impaired by the endogenous factors of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and nonproductive procedures, various technologies have been developed to enhance the strength and efficiency of transcription and facilitate gene editing procedures. Thus, the limitations that block heterologous protein secretion have been overcome. Highly efficient promoters responsible for the initiation of transcription and the accurate regulation of expression have been developed that can be precisely regulated with synthetic promoters and double promoter expression systems. Appropriate codon optimization and harmonization for adaption to the genomic codon abundance of S. cerevisiae are expected to further improve the transcription and translation efficiency. Efficient and accurate translocation can be achieved by fusing a specifically designed signal peptide to an upstream foreign gene to facilitate the secretion of newly synthesized proteins. In addition to the widely applied promoter engineering technology and the clear mechanism of the endoplasmic reticulum secretory pathway, the innovative genome editing technique CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated system) and its derivative tools allow for more precise and efficient gene disruption, site-directed mutation, and foreign gene insertion. This review focuses on sophisticated engineering techniques and emerging genetic technologies developed for the accurate metabolic regulation of the S. cerevisiae expression system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bin Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Ishiwata-Kimata Y, Kimata Y. Fundamental and Applicative Aspects of the Unfolded Protein Response in Yeasts. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:989. [PMID: 37888245 PMCID: PMC10608004 DOI: 10.3390/jof9100989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon the dysfunction or functional shortage of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), namely, ER stress, eukaryotic cells commonly provoke a protective gene expression program called the unfolded protein response (UPR). The molecular mechanism of UPR has been uncovered through frontier genetic studies using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism. Ire1 is an ER-located transmembrane protein that directly senses ER stress and is activated as an RNase. During ER stress, Ire1 promotes the splicing of HAC1 mRNA, which is then translated into a transcription factor that induces the expression of various genes, including those encoding ER-located molecular chaperones and protein modification enzymes. While this mainstream intracellular UPR signaling pathway was elucidated in the 1990s, new intriguing insights have been gained up to now. For instance, various additional factors allow UPR evocation strictly in response to ER stress. The UPR machineries in other yeasts and fungi, including pathogenic species, are another important research topic. Moreover, industrially beneficial yeast strains carrying an enforced and enlarged ER have been produced through the artificial and constitutive induction of the UPR. In this article, we review canonical and up-to-date insights concerning the yeast UPR, mainly from the viewpoint of the functions and regulation of Ire1 and HAC1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yukio Kimata
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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Chen X, Shi C, He M, Xiong S, Xia X. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: molecular mechanism and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:352. [PMID: 37709773 PMCID: PMC10502142 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01570-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 147.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) functions as a quality-control organelle for protein homeostasis, or "proteostasis". The protein quality control systems involve ER-associated degradation, protein chaperons, and autophagy. ER stress is activated when proteostasis is broken with an accumulation of misfolded and unfolded proteins in the ER. ER stress activates an adaptive unfolded protein response to restore proteostasis by initiating protein kinase R-like ER kinase, activating transcription factor 6, and inositol requiring enzyme 1. ER stress is multifaceted, and acts on aspects at the epigenetic level, including transcription and protein processing. Accumulated data indicates its key role in protein homeostasis and other diverse functions involved in various ocular diseases, such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, achromatopsia, cataracts, ocular tumors, ocular surface diseases, and myopia. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying the aforementioned ocular diseases from an ER stress perspective. Drugs (chemicals, neurotrophic factors, and nanoparticles), gene therapy, and stem cell therapy are used to treat ocular diseases by alleviating ER stress. We delineate the advancement of therapy targeting ER stress to provide new treatment strategies for ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyi Chen
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chaoran Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meihui He
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siqi Xiong
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Ciccarelli M, Masser AE, Kaimal JM, Planells J, Andréasson C. Genetic inactivation of essential HSF1 reveals an isolated transcriptional stress response selectively induced by protein misfolding. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar101. [PMID: 37467033 PMCID: PMC10551698 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-05-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat Shock Factor 1 (Hsf1) in yeast drives the basal transcription of key proteostasis factors and its activity is induced as part of the core heat shock response. Exploring Hsf1 specific functions has been challenging due to the essential nature of the HSF1 gene and the extensive overlap of target promoters with environmental stress response (ESR) transcription factors Msn2 and Msn4 (Msn2/4). In this study, we constructed a viable hsf1∆ strain by replacing the HSF1 open reading frame with genes that constitutively express Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90 from Hsf1-independent promoters. Phenotypic analysis showed that the hsf1∆ strain grows slowly, is sensitive to heat as well as protein misfolding and accumulates protein aggregates. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the transcriptional response to protein misfolding induced by azetidine-2-carboxylic acid is fully dependent on Hsf1. In contrast, the hsf1∆ strain responded to heat shock through the ESR. Following HS, Hsf1 and Msn2/4 showed functional compensatory induction with stronger activation of the remaining stress pathway when the other branch was inactivated. Thus, we provide a long-overdue genetic test of the function of Hsf1 in yeast using the novel hsf1∆ construct. Our data highlight that the accumulation of misfolded proteins is uniquely sensed by Hsf1-Hsp70 chaperone titration inducing a highly selective transcriptional stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Ciccarelli
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna E Masser
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jordi Planells
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claes Andréasson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Mingjie Y, Yair A, Tali G. The RIDD activity of C. elegans IRE1 modifies neuroendocrine signaling in anticipation of environment stress to ensure survival. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.10.552841. [PMID: 37609168 PMCID: PMC10441387 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.10.552841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Xbp1 splicing and regulated IRE1-dependent RNA decay (RIDD) are two RNase activities of the ER stress sensor IRE1. While Xbp1 splicing has important roles in stress responses and animal physiology, the physiological role(s) of RIDD remain enigmatic. Genetic evidence in C. elegans connects XBP1-independent IRE1 activity to organismal stress adaptation, but whether this is via RIDD, and what are the targets is yet unknown. We show that cytosolic kinase/RNase domain of C. elegans IRE1 is indeed capable of RIDD in human cells, and that sensory neurons use RIDD to signal environmental stress, by degrading mRNA of TGFβ-like growth factor DAF-7. daf-7 was degraded in human cells by both human and worm IRE1 RNAse activity with same efficiency and specificity as Blos1, confirming daf-7 as RIDD substrate. Surprisingly, daf-7 degradation in vivo was triggered by concentrations of ER stressor tunicamycin too low for xbp-1 splicing. Decrease in DAF-7 normally signals food limitation and harsh environment, triggering adaptive changes to promote population survival. Because C. elegans is a bacteriovore, and tunicamycin, like other common ER stressors, is an antibiotic secreted by Streptomyces spp., we asked whether daf-7 degradation by RIDD could signal pending food deprivation. Indeed, pre-emptive tunicamycin exposure increased survival of C. elegans populations under food limiting/high temperature stress, and this protection was abrogated by overexpression of DAF-7. Thus, C. elegans uses stress-inducing metabolites in its environment as danger signals, and employs IRE1's RIDD activity to modulate the neuroendocrine signaling for survival of upcoming environmental challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Mingjie
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Argon Yair
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Paira S, Chakraborty A, Das B. The Sequential Recruitments of Rab-GTPase Ypt1p and the NNS Complex onto pre- HAC1 mRNA Promote Its Nuclear Degradation in Baker's Yeast. Mol Cell Biol 2023; 43:371-400. [PMID: 37533322 PMCID: PMC10448977 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2023.2227016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Induction of unfolded protein response involves activation of transcription factor Hac1p that is encoded by HAC1 pre-mRNA harboring an intron and a bipartite element (BE), which is subjected to nuclear mRNA decay by the nuclear exosome/Cbc1p-Tif4631p-dependent Exosome Targeting (CTEXT) complex. Using a combination of genetic and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate that a Rab-GTPase Ypt1p controls unfolded protein response signaling dynamics. This regulation relies on the nuclear localization of a small fraction of the cellular Ypt1p pool in the absence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress causing a strong association of the nuclear Ypt1p with pre-HAC1 mRNA that eventually promotes sequential recruitments of NNS, CTEXT, and the nuclear exosome onto this pre-mRNA. Recruitment of these decay factors onto pre-HAC1 mRNA is accompanied by its rapid nuclear decay that produces a precursor RNA pool lacking functional BE thereby causing its inefficient targeting to Ire1p foci leading to their diminished splicing and translation. ER stress triggers rapid relocalization of the nuclear pool of Ypt1p to the cytoplasm leading to its dissociation from pre-HAC1 mRNA thereby causing decreased recruitment of these decay factors to precursor HAC1 RNA leading to its diminished degradation. Reduced decay results in an increased abundance of pre-HAC1 mRNA with intact functional BE leading to its enhanced recruitment to Ire1p foci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunirmal Paira
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Anish Chakraborty
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Biswadip Das
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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Yue P, Lv X, You J, Zou Y, Luo J, Lu Z, Cao H, Liu Z, Fan X, Ye Q. Hypothermic oxygenated perfusion attenuates DCD liver ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating the JAK2/STAT3/HAX1 pathway to regulate endoplasmic reticulum stress. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:55. [PMID: 37438690 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00466-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in donation after cardiac death (DCD) donors is a major determinant of transplantation success. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a key role in hepatic IRI, with potential involvement of the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway and the antiapoptotic protein hematopoietic-lineage substrate-1-associated protein X-1 (HAX1). In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of hypothermic oxygenated perfusion (HOPE), an organ preservation modality, on ER stress and apoptosis during hepatic IRI in a DCD rat model. METHODS To investigate whether HOPE could improve IRI in DCD livers, levels of different related proteins were examined by western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Further expression analyses, immunohistochemical analyses, immunofluorescence staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, and transmission electron microscopy were conducted to analyze the effects of HOPE on ER stress and apoptosis. To clarify the role of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and HAX1 in this process, AG490 inhibitor, JAX1 plasmid transfection, co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP), and flow cytometry analyses were conducted. RESULTS HOPE reduced liver injury and inflammation while alleviating ER stress and apoptosis in the DCD rat model. Mechanistically, HOPE inhibited unfolded protein responses by activating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, thus reducing ER stress and apoptosis. Moreover, the activated JAK2/STAT3 pathway upregulated HAX1, promoting the interaction between HAX1 and SERCA2b to maintain ER calcium homeostasis. Upregulated HAX1 also modulated ER stress and apoptosis by inhibiting the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) pathway. CONCLUSIONS JAK2/STAT3-mediated upregulation of HAX1 during HOPE alleviates hepatic ER stress and apoptosis, indicating the JAK2/STAT3/HAX1 pathway as a potential target for IRI management during DCD liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Yue
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, 430071, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lv
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jian You
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, 430071, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongkang Zou
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, 430071, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, 430071, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongshan Lu
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, 430071, Wuhan, China
| | - Hankun Cao
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, 430071, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongzhong Liu
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, 430071, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoli Fan
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, 430071, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qifa Ye
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, 430071, Wuhan, China.
- The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Research Center of National Health Ministry On Transplantation Medicine Engineering and Technology, Changsha, 410013, China.
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Abstract
The study of eukaryotic tRNA processing has given rise to an explosion of new information and insights in the last several years. We now have unprecedented knowledge of each step in the tRNA processing pathway, revealing unexpected twists in biochemical pathways, multiple new connections with regulatory pathways, and numerous biological effects of defects in processing steps that have profound consequences throughout eukaryotes, leading to growth phenotypes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and to neurological and other disorders in humans. This review highlights seminal new results within the pathways that comprise the life of a tRNA, from its birth after transcription until its death by decay. We focus on new findings and revelations in each step of the pathway including the end-processing and splicing steps, many of the numerous modifications throughout the main body and anticodon loop of tRNA that are so crucial for tRNA function, the intricate tRNA trafficking pathways, and the quality control decay pathways, as well as the biogenesis and biology of tRNA-derived fragments. We also describe the many interactions of these pathways with signaling and other pathways in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Phizicky
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
| | - Anita K Hopper
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Center for RNA Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43235, USA
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44
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Bovari-Biri J, Abdelwahab EMM, Garai K, Pongracz JE. Prdx5 in the Regulation of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Mutation-Induced Signaling Mechanisms. Cells 2023; 12:1713. [PMID: 37443747 PMCID: PMC10340296 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) mutations directly affect mTORC activity and, as a result, protein synthesis. In several cancer types, TSC mutation is part of the driver mutation panel. TSC mutations have been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, tolerance to reactive oxygen species due to increased thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) enzyme activity, tolerance to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and apoptosis. The FDA-approved drug rapamycin is frequently used in clinical applications to inhibit protein synthesis in cancers. Recently, TrxR inhibitor auranofin has also been involved in clinical trials to investigate the anticancer efficacy of the combination treatment with rapamycin. We aimed to investigate the molecular background of the efficacy of such drug combinations in treating neoplasia modulated by TSC mutations. (2) Methods: TSC2 mutant and TSC2 wild-type (WT) cell lines were exposed to rapamycin and auranofin in either mono- or combination treatment. Mitochondrial membrane potential, TrxR enzyme activity, stress protein array, mRNA and protein levels were investigated via cell proliferation assay, electron microscopy, etc. (3) Results: Auranofin and rapamycin normalized mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced proliferation capacity of TSC2 mutant cells. Database analysis identified peroxiredoxin 5 (Prdx5) as the joint target of auranofin and rapamycin. The auranofin and the combination of the two drugs reduced Prdx5 levels. The combination treatment increased the expression of heat shock protein 70, a cellular ER stress marker. (4) Conclusions: After extensive analyses, Prdx5 was identified as a shared target of the two drugs. The decreased Prdx5 protein level and the inhibition of both TrxR and mTOR by rapamycin and auranofin in the combination treatment made ER stress-induced cell death possible in TSC2 mutant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Judit E. Pongracz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2. Rokus Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
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45
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Fauzee YNBM, Yoshida Y, Kimata Y. Endoplasmic stress sensor Ire1 is involved in cytosolic/nuclear protein quality control in Pichia pastoris cells independent of HAC1. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1157146. [PMID: 37415818 PMCID: PMC10321714 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1157146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic species, dysfunction of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), namely, ER stress, provokes a cytoprotective transcription program called the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR is triggered by transmembrane ER-stress sensors, including Ire1, which acts as an endoribonuclease to splice and mature the mRNA encoding the transcription factor Hac1 in many fungal species. Through analyses of the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella phaffii), we revealed a previously unknown function of Ire1. In P. pastoris cells, the IRE1 knockout mutation (ire1Δ) and HAC1 knockout mutation (hac1Δ) caused only partially overlapping gene expression changes. Protein aggregation and the heat shock response (HSR) were induced in ire1Δ cells but not in hac1Δ cells even under non-stress conditions. Moreover, Ire1 was further activated upon high-temperature culturing and conferred heat stress resistance to P. pastoris cells. Our findings cumulatively demonstrate an intriguing case in which the UPR machinery controls cytosolic protein folding status and the HSR, which is known to be activated upon the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the cytosol and/or nuclei.
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46
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Wu SA, Shen C, Wei X, Zhang X, Wang S, Chen X, Torres M, Lu Y, Lin LL, Wang HH, Hunter AH, Fang D, Sun S, Ivanova MI, Lin Y, Qi L. The mechanisms to dispose of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum of adipocytes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3132. [PMID: 37253728 PMCID: PMC10229581 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38690-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) and ER-phagy are two principal degradative mechanisms for ER proteins and aggregates, respectively; however, the crosstalk between these two pathways under physiological settings remains unexplored. Using adipocytes as a model system, here we report that SEL1L-HRD1 protein complex of ERAD degrades misfolded ER proteins and limits ER-phagy and that, only when SEL1L-HRD1 ERAD is impaired, the ER becomes fragmented and cleared by ER-phagy. When both are compromised, ER fragments containing misfolded proteins spatially coalesce into a distinct architecture termed Coalescence of ER Fragments (CERFs), consisted of lipoprotein lipase (LPL, a key lipolytic enzyme and an endogenous SEL1L-HRD1 substrate) and certain ER chaperones. CERFs enlarge and become increasingly insoluble with age. Finally, we reconstitute the CERFs through LPL and BiP phase separation in vitro, a process influenced by both redox environment and C-terminal tryptophan loop of LPL. Hence, our findings demonstrate a sequence of events centered around SEL1L-HRD1 ERAD to dispose of misfolded proteins in the ER of adipocytes, highlighting the profound cellular adaptability to misfolded proteins in the ER in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangcheng Alivia Wu
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Chenchen Shen
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Science, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Wei
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Xiawei Zhang
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Siwen Wang
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Mauricio Torres
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - You Lu
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Liangguang Leo Lin
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Huilun Helen Wang
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Allen H Hunter
- College of Engineering and Michigan Center for Materials Characterization, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Deyu Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Shengyi Sun
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Magdalena I Ivanova
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
- Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yi Lin
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Science, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
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47
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Gonzalez-Plaza A, Cambra JM, Garcia-Canovas M, Parrilla I, Gil MA, Martinez EA, Rodriguez-Martinez H, Martinez CA, Cuello C. Cryotop vitrification of large batches of pig embryos simultaneously provides excellent postwarming survival rates and minimal interference with gene expression. Theriogenology 2023; 206:1-10. [PMID: 37148716 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The most commonly used technique to vitrify pig embryos is the super open pulled straw (SOPS), where a maximum of 6 embryos can be vitrified simultaneously per device without compromising the minimum volume necessary for optimal preservation. Since optimal embryo transfer (ET) demands a transfer of 20-40 embryos per recipient, the customary use of SOPS complicates embryo warming and ET in field conditions. Such complications could be avoided when using the Cryotop® (OC) system, which has been proven to be an effective option for vitrifying at least 20 porcine embryos simultaneously. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the transcriptome of blastocysts caused by vitrification using both systems. In vivo-derived blastocysts were OC- (n = 60; 20 embryos/device) and SOPS- (n = 60; 4-6 embryos/device) vitrified and cultured for 24 h after warming. Nonvitrified blastocysts (n = 60) cultured for 24 h postcollection acted as controls. At the end of culture, 48 viable embryos from each group (6 pools of 8 embryos) were selected for microarray (GeneChip® Porcine Genome Array, P/N 900624, Affymetrix) analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The survival rate of embryos vitrified with the OC and SOPS systems (>97%) was similar to that of the control embryos (100%). Microarray analysis of each vitrification system compared to the control group showed 245 DEGs (89 downregulated and 156 upregulated) for the OC system and 210 (44 downregulated and 166 upregulated) for the SOPS system. Two pathways were enriched for the DEGs specifically altered in each vitrification system compared to the control (glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and carbon metabolism pathways for the OC system and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism and lysosome pathways in the SOPS group). The OC group showed 31 downregulated and 24 upregulated genes and two enriched pathways (mineral absorption and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism pathways) when compared to the SOPS group. In summary, vitrification with the OC system altered fewer genes related to apoptosis and activated genes related to cell proliferation. We conclude that vitrification with either the OC or SOPS system has a moderate to low effect on the transcriptome of in vivo-derived porcine blastocysts. Further investigation is needed to elucidate how the differences in the transcriptome of embryos vitrified with these systems affect their subsequent developmental ability after ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gonzalez-Plaza
- Department of Medicine & Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education & Research (CMN), University of Murcia. Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Josep M Cambra
- Department of Medicine & Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education & Research (CMN), University of Murcia. Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuela Garcia-Canovas
- Department of Medicine & Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education & Research (CMN), University of Murcia. Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Parrilla
- Department of Medicine & Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education & Research (CMN), University of Murcia. Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria A Gil
- Department of Medicine & Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education & Research (CMN), University of Murcia. Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Emilio A Martinez
- Department of Medicine & Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education & Research (CMN), University of Murcia. Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Cristina A Martinez
- Department of Animal Reproduction. National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cristina Cuello
- Department of Medicine & Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education & Research (CMN), University of Murcia. Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.
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48
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Ong G, Logue SE. Unfolding the Interactions between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12050981. [PMID: 37237847 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12050981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance in cellular redox state due to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). While homeostatic levels of ROS are important for cell physiology and signaling, excess ROS can induce a variety of negative effects ranging from damage to biological macromolecules to cell death. Additionally, oxidative stress can disrupt the function of redox-sensitive organelles including the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In the case of the ER, the accumulation of misfolded proteins can arise due to oxidative stress, leading to the onset of ER stress. To combat ER stress, cells initiate a highly conserved stress response called the unfolded protein response (UPR). While UPR signaling, within the context of resolving ER stress, is well characterised, how UPR mediators respond to and influence oxidative stress is less defined. In this review, we evaluate the interplay between oxidative stress, ER stress and UPR signaling networks. Specifically, we assess how UPR signaling mediators can influence antioxidant responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Ong
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Susan E Logue
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- The Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
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49
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Matai L, Slack FJ. MicroRNAs in Age-Related Proteostasis and Stress Responses. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:26. [PMID: 37104008 PMCID: PMC10143298 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with the accumulation of damaged and misfolded proteins through a decline in the protein homeostasis (proteostasis) machinery, leading to various age-associated protein misfolding diseases such as Huntington's or Parkinson's. The efficiency of cellular stress response pathways also weakens with age, further contributing to the failure to maintain proteostasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are a class of small, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that bind target messenger RNAs at their 3'UTR, resulting in the post-transcriptional repression of gene expression. From the discovery of aging roles for lin-4 in C. elegans, the role of numerous miRNAs in controlling the aging process has been uncovered in different organisms. Recent studies have also shown that miRNAs regulate different components of proteostasis machinery as well as cellular response pathways to proteotoxic stress, some of which are very important during aging or in age-related pathologies. Here, we present a review of these findings, highlighting the role of individual miRNAs in age-associated protein folding and degradation across different organisms. We also broadly summarize the relationships between miRNAs and organelle-specific stress response pathways during aging and in various age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank J. Slack
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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50
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Bashir S, Banday M, Qadri O, Pal D, Bashir A, Hilal N, Altaf M, Fazili KM. The Bcl-2 family protein bid interacts with the ER stress sensor IRE1 to differentially modulate its RNase activity. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:962-974. [PMID: 36723387 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
IRE1 is a transmembrane signalling protein that activates the unfolded protein response under endoplasmic reticulum stress. IRE1 is endowed with kinase and endoribonuclease activities. The ribonuclease activity of IRE1 can switch substrate specificities to carry out atypical splicing of Xbp1 mRNA or trigger the degradation of specific mRNAs. The mechanisms regulating the distinct ribonuclease activities of IRE1 have yet to be fully understood. Here, we report the Bcl-2 family protein Bid as a novel recruit of the IRE1 complex, which directly interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of IRE1. Bid binding to IRE1 leads to a decrease in IRE1 phosphorylation in a way that it can only perform Xbp1 splicing while mRNA degradation activity is repressed. The RNase outputs of IRE1 have been found to regulate the homeostatic-apoptotic switch. This study, thus, provides insight into IRE1-mediated cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samirul Bashir
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal J&K, India
| | - Mariam Banday
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal J&K, India
| | - Ozaira Qadri
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal J&K, India
| | - Debnath Pal
- Department of Computational and Data Science (CDS), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, India
| | - Arif Bashir
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal J&K, India
| | - Nazia Hilal
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal J&K, India
| | - Mohammad Altaf
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal J&K, India
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