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Wang Z, Gu L, Zou M, Zhang H, Zhou Q. Surface Engineering in Perovskite Solar Cells: Recent Advances in Surface Passivation Group-Containing Hole Transport Layers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2025; 41:13705-13725. [PMID: 40439680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c03645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2025]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are at the forefront of photovoltaic technology, offering exceptional power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and the promise of low-cost, scalable production. Rapid progress in PSCs has largely been fueled by innovations in device architecture and component optimization. Among these, the interface between the hole transport layer (HTL) and the perovskite layer is crucial, as it not only facilitates efficient hole extraction and transport but also protects the perovskite from environmental degradation. This review highlights recent advancements in engineering this critical interface, focusing on improvements in surface morphology, interface adhesion, energy level alignment, and defect passivation. Special attention is given to the roles of amide, carboxylic acid, phosphonic acid, and halogenide groups in enhancing HTL properties at the perovskite interface. By synthesizing the latest research and experimental insights, this review provides a comprehensive overview of surface passivation's contributions to high-performance PSCs. It also discusses future directions and challenges in optimizing this interface, key to further advancing this promising photovoltaic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education/Shandong Province (QUST), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Gu
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Muhua Zou
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education/Shandong Province (QUST), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Haichang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education/Shandong Province (QUST), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixin Zhou
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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Li C, Chen Y, Li Y, Zhang Z, Yang J, Wang Y, Gong L, Yuan Z, Liang L, Liu S, Zhu Y, Lian C, Haider M, Guo T, Xu X, Li D, Bi E, Gao P. Achieving 32% Efficiency in Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells with Bidentate-Anchored Superwetting Self-Assembled Molecular Layers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025; 64:e202502730. [PMID: 40171765 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202502730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2025] [Revised: 03/15/2025] [Accepted: 03/28/2025] [Indexed: 04/04/2025]
Abstract
The inhomogeneity of hole-selective self-assembled molecular layers (SAMLs) often arises from the insufficient bonding between anchors and metal oxide, particularly on textured silicon surfaces when fabricating monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (P/S-TSCs) and the hydrophobic carbazole complicates the fabrication of high-quality perovskite films. To address this, we developed a novel bidentate-anchored superwetting aromatic SAM based on an upside-down carbazole core as a hole-selective layer (HSL), denoted as ((9H-carbazole-3,6-diyl)bis(4,1-phenylene))bis(phosphonic acid) (2PhPA-CzH). The bisphosphonate-anchored exhibited enhanced adsorption capabilities and efficient hole extraction/transport, and the reversely substituted carbazole ring contributed a friendly super wetting underlayer that enabled high-quality perovskite films with minimized energetic mismatches, which 2PhPA-CzH played a pivotal role in dual interfacial energy regulation. Through these advancements, the optimized wide-bandgap (1.68 eV) PSCs demonstrated an improved PCE of 22.83% and excellent stability with T90 exceeding 1000 h under damp-heat conditions (ISOS-D-3, 85% RH, 85 °C), representing one of the best performances for SAMs as HSL-based PSCs. Notably, 2PhPA-CzH-functionalized recombination layers extended to submicron-pyramid texture SHJ to fabricate P/S-TSCs, achieving an impressive efficiency of 32.19% at an active area of 1 cm2 (certified 31.54%) while maintaining excellent photostability. This work offers guidance for designing multidentate-anchored SAMs to realize record PCE and excellent stability in P/S-TSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Sciences and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zhewei Zhang
- Advanced Solar Technology Institute of Xuancheng, Xuancheng, 242000, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Advanced Solar Technology Institute of Xuancheng, Xuancheng, 242000, China
| | - Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lijie Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Lusheng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Siyi Liu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yongxin Zhu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Chongyan Lian
- Advanced Solar Technology Institute of Xuancheng, Xuancheng, 242000, China
| | - Mustafa Haider
- Advanced Solar Technology Institute of Xuancheng, Xuancheng, 242000, China
| | - Tie Guo
- Advanced Solar Technology Institute of Xuancheng, Xuancheng, 242000, China
| | - Xiaohua Xu
- Advanced Solar Technology Institute of Xuancheng, Xuancheng, 242000, China
- Anhui Huasun Energy Co., Ltd, Xuancheng, 242000, China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Zhangjiang Laboratory, 100 Haike Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Enbing Bi
- Advanced Solar Technology Institute of Xuancheng, Xuancheng, 242000, China
- Anhui Huasun Energy Co., Ltd, Xuancheng, 242000, China
| | - Peng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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3
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Yan P, Wu C, Yao H, Qiu H, Hao F. Self-assembled monolayers for tin perovskite solar cells: challenges and opportunities. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2025; 12:3188-3200. [PMID: 39967518 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh01603c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2025]
Abstract
Large-scale implementation of emerging halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been restrained by environmental and health concerns stemming from the use of lead in their composition. In contrast, tin perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) have been widely recognized as viable alternatives owing to their ideal optical band gap, high carrier mobility and excellent optoelectronic properties. However, TPSCs encounter significant open-circuit voltage (Voc) deficits due to the spontaneous oxidation of Sn2+ and uncontrolled crystallization process. Hence, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are now explored as a solution to optimize the perovskite/transport layer interface and improve Voc. Despite the potential advantages and wide applications of SAMs in other optoelectronic devices, their application in TPSCs is relatively scarce. In this review, we elucidated the working mechanism of SAMs in improving device efficiency, summarized the recent progresses, and outlined the challenges in their application in TPSCs. We also discussed strategies for leveraging SAMs to mitigate the Voc deficit in TPSCs. We hope that this review would offer a unique perspective for the ongoing research endeavors focused on the application of SAMs in TPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Yan
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
| | - Cheng Wu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
| | - Huanhuan Yao
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
| | - Hongju Qiu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
| | - Feng Hao
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
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Wang X, Wang X, Wang X, Li M, Li H, Fu Y, Zhang L. Role of self-assembled molecules in halide perovskite optoelectronics: an atomic-scale perspective. Natl Sci Rev 2025; 12:nwaf150. [PMID: 40406599 PMCID: PMC12096312 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2025] [Accepted: 03/27/2025] [Indexed: 05/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advancements in the study of metal halide perovskites worldwide, the large-scale industrialization of related optoelectronic devices faces ongoing challenges related to efficiency, long-term stability, and environmental and human toxicity. Self-assembled molecules (SAMs) have recently emerged as crucial strategies for enhancing device performance and stability, particularly by mitigating interface-related challenges. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the multifaceted roles of SAMs in enhancing the performance and stability of perovskite optoelectronic devices. We begin by introducing the evolution of SAMs, their unique physicochemical properties and implemented applications in optoelectronic devices. Subsequently, we delve into the diverse beneficial effects of SAMs in perovskite devices and elucidate the underlying atomic-scale mechanisms responsible for these performance enhancements. Finally, we critically analyze the current challenges associated with the rational design and implementation of SAMs in perovskite devices and conclude by outlining promising future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinjiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Muchen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hanming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yuhao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Feng K, Wang G, Lian Q, Gámez-Valenzuela S, Li B, Ding R, Yang W, Wang K, Zeng J, Zhang Y, Jeong SY, Xu B, Ho-Baillie A, Woo HY, Facchetti A, Guo X. Non-fullerene electron-transporting materials for high-performance and stable perovskite solar cells. NATURE MATERIALS 2025; 24:770-777. [PMID: 40038526 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2025] [Indexed: 03/06/2025]
Abstract
The electron-transporting material (ETM) is a key component of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) optimizing electron extraction from perovskite to cathode. Fullerenes, specifically C60 and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), have been used as the benchmark ETMs for inverted PSCs. However, C60 is restricted to thermal evaporation, and PCBM suffers from poor photothermal stability and suboptimal electron transport, limiting their PSC applications. Here a solution-processable non-fullerene ETM, cyano-functionalized bithiophene imide dimer (CNI2)-based polymer (PCNI2-BTI), holds multiple advantages, including excellent photothermal stability, efficient electron transport and improved interaction with the perovskite layer. Consequently, inverted PSCs incorporating PCNI2-BTI deliver an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.0% (certified 25.4%) and remarkable operational stability, with a T80 approaching 1,300 h under ISOS-L-3. Moreover, we synthesize three additional CNI2-based polymer ETMs, yielding an average PCE of >25% in PSCs. These findings demonstrate unprecedented potential of non-fullerene ETMs enabling high-performance and stable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China.
| | - Guoliang Wang
- School of Physics and the University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Qing Lian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China.
| | - Sergio Gámez-Valenzuela
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Bolin Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Riqing Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Keli Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Sang Young Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Baomin Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Anita Ho-Baillie
- School of Physics and the University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China.
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Liu T, Luo C, He R, Zhang Z, Lin X, Chen Y, Wu T. Advancing Self-Assembled Molecules Toward Interface-Optimized Perovskite Solar Cells: from One to Two. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2025:e2502032. [PMID: 40297925 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202502032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2025] [Revised: 04/02/2025] [Indexed: 04/30/2025]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have rapidly gained prominence as a leading candidate in the realm of solution-processable third-generation photovoltaic (PV) technologies. In the high-efficiency inverted PSCs, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are often used as hole-selective layers (HSLs) due to the advantages of high transmittance, energy level matching, low non-radiative recombination loss, and tunable surface properties. However, SAMs have been recognized to suffer from some shortcomings, such as incomplete coverage, weak bonding with substrate or perovskite, instability, and so on. The combination of different SAMs or so-called co-SAM is an effective strategy to overcome this challenge. In this Perspective, the latest achievements in molecule design, deposition method, working principle, and application of the co-SAM are discussed. This comprehensive overview of milestones in this rapidly advancing research field, coupled with an in-depth analysis of the improved interface properties using the co-SAM approach, aims to offer valuable insights into the key design principles. Furthermore, the lessons learned will guide the future development of SAM-based HSLs in perovskite-based optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanghao Liu
- School of Physical Sciences, Great Bay University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523000, China
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Chuanyao Luo
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Ruiqin He
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, School of Integrated Circuits, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shen Zhen, Guangdong, 518067, China
| | - Zhuoqiong Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Xiaohui Lin
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yimu Chen
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, School of Integrated Circuits, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shen Zhen, Guangdong, 518067, China
| | - Tom Wu
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
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Zhan L, Zhang S, Li Z, Li W, Zhang H, He J, Ji X, Liu S, Yu F, Wang S, Ning Z, Li Z, Stolterfoht M, Han L, Zhu WH, Xu Y, Wu Y. Anchorable Polymers Enabling Ultra-Thin and Robust Hole-Transporting Layers for High-Efficiency Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025; 64:e202422571. [PMID: 39780690 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202422571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025]
Abstract
Currently, the development of polymeric hole-transporting materials (HTMs) lags behind that of small-molecule HTMs in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). A critical challenge is that conventional polymeric HTMs are incapable of forming ultra-thin and conformal coatings like self-assembly monolayers (SAMs), especially for substrates with rough surface morphology. Herein, we address this challenge by designing anchorable polymeric HTMs (CP1 to CP5). Specifically, coordinative pyridyl groups are introduced as side-chains on poly-triarylamine (PTAA) backbone with varied contents by copolymerization method, resulting in chemical interactions between polymeric HTMs and substrates. The strong interaction allows them to be processed into ultra-thin, uniform, and robust hole-transporting layers through employing low-concentration solutions (0.1 mg mL-1, vs. 2.0-5.0 mg mL-1 for conventional PTAA), greatly decreasing charge transport losses. Moreover, upon systematically tuning the pyridyl substitution ratio, the energy levels, surface wetting, solution processability, and defect passivation capability of such anchorable HTMs are simultaneously optimized. Based on the optimal CP4, we achieved highly efficient inverted PSCs with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) up to 26.21 %, which is on par with state-of-the-art SAM-based inverted PSCs. Furthermore, these devices exhibit enhanced stabilities under repeated current-voltage scans and reverse bias ageing compared with SAM-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Zhan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Center of Photosensitive Chemicals Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenzhuo Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen He
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuaijun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Furong Yu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Songran Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Ning
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Martin Stolterfoht
- Electronic Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Liyuan Han
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Center of Photosensitive Chemicals Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yisheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhen Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Center of Photosensitive Chemicals Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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8
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Li C, Chen Y, Li Y, Gong L, Yuan Z, Liang L, Chen J, Ganesan P, Zhang Y, Ma J, Gao P. Deciphering the Impact of Aromatic Linkers in Self-Assembled Monolayers on the Performance of Monolithic Perovskite/Si Tandem Photovoltaic. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025; 64:e202420585. [PMID: 39660969 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202420585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2024] [Revised: 11/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/10/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024]
Abstract
Aromatic linker-constructed self-assembled monolayers (Ar-SAMs) with enlarged dipole moment can modulate the work function of indium tin oxide (ITO), thereby improving hole extraction/transport efficiency. However, the specific role of the aromatic linkers between the polycyclic head and the anchoring groups of SAMs in determining the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) remains unclear. In this study, we developed a series of phenothiazine-based Ar-SAMs to investigate how different aromatic linkers could affect molecular stacking, the regulation of substrate work function, and charge carrier dynamics. When served as hole-selective layers (HSLs) in PSCs and monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (P/S-TSCs), we found that the Ar-SAM with naphthalene linker along the 2,6-position axis (β-Nap) could form dense and highly ordered HSLs, enhancing interfacial interactions and favoring optimal energy level alignment with the perovskite films. Using this strategy, the optimized wide-band gap PSCs achieved an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.86 % with negligible hysteresis, utilizing a 1.68 eV perovskite. Additionally, the encapsulated devices demonstrated enhanced stability under damp-heat conditions (ISOS-D-2, 50 % RH, 65 °C) with a T91 of 1000 hours. Notably, the fabricated P/S-TSCs, based on solution-processed micron-scale textured silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells, achieved an efficiency of 28.89 % while maintaining outstanding reproducibility. This strategy holds significant promise for developing aromatic linking groups to enhance the hole selectivity of SAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Sciences and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Lijie Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Lusheng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jinglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Sciences and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Paramaguru Ganesan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yixian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Peng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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9
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Peng C, Huang H, Liu W, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Chen S, Li S, Du S, Wang S, He Z, Zou B, Yu Z. Reinforcement of Carbazole-Based Self-Assembled Monolayers in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025; 17:10745-10754. [PMID: 39921618 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c20703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2025]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with excellent hole conduction capabilities significantly improve the performance of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the amphiphilic nature of SAMs causes the spontaneous formation of spherical micelles in solution, limiting their surface coverage and uniformity on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates. Furthermore, the distribution of the SAMs directly affects the morphology of perovskite films and the charges transfer properties at the buried interface. This study employs a cosolvent strategy combining n-butanol and dimethyl sulfoxide to improve the uniform spreading of SAMs on ITO. The synergistic interaction between the solvent molecules smooths the surface of [2-(3,6-dimethoxy-9H-carbazol-9-yl) ethyl] phosphonic acid (MeO-2PACz) and enhances its surface coverage. The cosolvent based MeO-2PACz has the characteristics of concentrated surface potential distribution and high work function, exhibiting uniform and enhanced P-type behavior. Additionally, the cosolvent-treated SAMs provide uniform nucleation sites for the crystallization of perovskite, effectively eliminating void defects at the buried interface and improving the crystallinity of perovskite films. Consequently, the optimized device achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.51% and a fill factor of 84.38%. Furthermore, the ordered SAMs improve the stability of PSCs, with encapsulated device retaining 92.63% of its initial PCE after operating for 1500 h under simulated AM 1.5G standard irradiation in air at 65 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures; School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures; School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhinan Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yinghao Xu
- School of Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Sifan Chen
- School of Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Sixiong Li
- School of Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Shengjie Du
- School of Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Shaofu Wang
- School of Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyuan He
- School of Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Bingsuo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures; School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhenhua Yu
- School of Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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10
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Hira S, Truong MA, Matsushige Y, Iwasaki Y, Murdey R, Nakamura T, Yamada T, Kanemitsu Y, Wakamiya A. Squaric Acid-Containing Hole-Collecting Monolayer Materials for p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025; 17:8095-8106. [PMID: 39848616 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c20970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2025]
Abstract
The development of hole-collecting materials is indispensable to improving the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To date, several anchorable molecules have been reported as effective hole-collecting monolayer (HCM) materials for p-i-n PSCs. However, their structures are limited to well-known electron-donating skeletons, such as carbazole, triarylamine, etc. In this work, we developed a series of squaraine derivatives that have a π-conjugated core composed of a squaric acid moiety connected to an indoline moiety. Thanks to the polar carbonyl group of squaric acid, all of the molecules were found to form hydrophilic monolayers after being chemisorbed on transparent conducting oxide surfaces, which is beneficial for the subsequent deposition of the perovskite layer. The effect of the substituents on the squaric acid moiety and the anchoring groups connected to the indoline moiety on the molecular electronic structure as well as the solar cell device's performance was elucidated. The p-i-n PSC devices fabricated by using these squaraine derivatives as hole-collecting monolayer materials exhibited high power conversion efficiencies of up to 22.1%, together with good stability. This work highlights the potential of a simple squaric acid skeleton as the building block for hole-collecting monolayer materials to realize high-efficiency and cost-effective PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Hira
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Minh Anh Truong
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuko Matsushige
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasuko Iwasaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Richard Murdey
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nakamura
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takumi Yamada
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kanemitsu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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11
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Yu X, Sun X, Zhu Z, Li Z. Stabilization Strategies of Buried Interface for Efficient SAM-Based Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025; 64:e202419608. [PMID: 39565169 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202419608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2024] [Revised: 11/19/2024] [Accepted: 11/19/2024] [Indexed: 11/21/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) anchored on metal oxides (MO) have greatly boosted the performance of inverted (p-i-n) perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) by serving as hole-selective contacts due to their distinct advantages in transparency, hole-selectivity, passivation, cost-effectiveness, and processing efficiency. While the intrinsic monolayer nature of SAMs provides unique advantages, it also makes them highly sensitive to external pressure, posing a significant challenge for long-term device stability. At present, the stability issue of SAM-based PVSCs is gradually attracting attention. In this minireview, we discuss the fundamental stability issues arising from the structural characteristics, operating mechanisms, and roles of SAMs, and highlight representative works on improving their stability. We identify the buried interface stability concerns in three key aspects: 1) SAM/MO interface, 2) SAM inner layer, and 3) SAM/perovskite interface, corresponding to the anchoring group, linker group, and terminal group in the SAMs, respectively. Finally, we have proposed potential strategies for achieving excellent stability in SAM-based buried interfaces, particularly for large-scale and flexible applications. We believe this review will deepen understanding of the relationship between SAM structure and their device performance, thereby facilitating the design of novel SAMs and advancing their eventual commercialization in high-efficiency and stable inverted PVSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xianglang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zhong'an Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China
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12
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Velusamy A, Kuan CH, Lin TC, Shih YS, Liu CL, Zeng DY, Li YG, Wang YH, Jiang X, Chen MC, Diau EWG. Bithiophene Imide-Based Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs) on NiOx for High-Performance Tin Perovskite Solar Cells Fabricated Using a Two-Step Approach. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025; 17:952-962. [PMID: 39727305 PMCID: PMC11783363 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c15688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2024] [Revised: 12/16/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
Three new bithiophene imide (BTI)-based organic small molecules, BTI-MN-b4 (1), BTI-MN-b8 (2), and BTI-MN-b16 (3), with varied alkyl side chains, were developed and employed as self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) applied to NiOx films in tin perovskite solar cells (TPSCs). The NiOx layer has the effect of modifying the hydrophilicity and the surface roughness of ITO for SAM to uniformly deposit on it. The side chains of the SAM molecules play a vital role in the formation of a high-quality perovskite layer in TPSCs. The single crystal structure of BTI-MN-b8 (2) was successfully obtained, indicating that a uniform SAM can be formed on the NiOx/ITO substrate with an appropriate size of the alkyl side chain. By combining BTI-MN-b8 (2) with NiOx, a maximum PCE of 8.6% was achieved. The TPSC devices utilizing the NiOx/BTI-MN-b8 configuration demonstrated outstanding long-term stability, retaining ∼80% of their initial efficiency after 3600 h. Comprehensive characterizations, including thermal, optical, electrochemical, and morphological analyses, alongside photovoltaic evaluation, were carried out thoroughly. This study presents a pioneering strategy for improving TPSC performance, highlighting the efficacy of combining organic SAMs with NiOx as the HTM and offering a promising pathway for future advances in TPSC technology using a two-step fabrication approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arulmozhi Velusamy
- Department
of Chemistry and Research Center of New Generation Light Driven Photovoltaic
Modules, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiao Kuan
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hseuh Road, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chun Lin
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hseuh Road, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Sheng Shih
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hseuh Road, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Liu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - De-You Zeng
- Department
of Chemistry and Research Center of New Generation Light Driven Photovoltaic
Modules, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Gi Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Research Center of New Generation Light Driven Photovoltaic
Modules, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hao Wang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Xianyuan Jiang
- School
of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech
University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ming-Chou Chen
- Department
of Chemistry and Research Center of New Generation Light Driven Photovoltaic
Modules, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Eric Wei-Guang Diau
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hseuh Road, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Center
for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hseuh Road, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
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13
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Zeng J, Liu Z, Wang D, Wu J, Zhu P, Bao Y, Guo X, Qu G, Hu B, Wang X, Zhang Y, Yan L, Jen AKY, Xu B. Small-Molecule Hole Transport Materials for >26% Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2025; 147:725-733. [PMID: 39692256 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2024]
Abstract
Chemically modifiable small-molecule hole transport materials (HTMs) hold promise for achieving efficient and scalable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Compared to emerging self-assembled monolayers, small-molecule HTMs are more reliable in terms of large-area deposition and long-term operational stability. However, current small-molecule HTMs in inverted PSCs lack efficient molecular designs that balance both the charge transport capability and interface compatibility, resulting in a long-standing stagnation of power conversion efficiency (PCE) below 24.5%. Here, we report the comprehensive design of HTMs' backbone and functional groups, which optimizes a simple planar linear molecular backbone with a high mobility exceeding 7.1 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 S-1 and enhances its interface anchoring capability. Owing to the improved surface properties and anchoring effects, the tailored HTMs enhance the interface contact at the HTM/perovskite heterojunction, minimizing nonradiative recombination and transport loss and leading to a high fill factor of 86.1%. Our work has overcome the persistent efficiency bottleneck for small-molecule HTMs, particularly for large-area devices. Consequently, the resultant PSCs exhibit PCEs of 26.1% (25.7% certified) for a 0.068 cm2 device and 24.7% (24.4% certified) for a 1.008 cm2 device, representing the highest PCE for small-molecule HTMs in inverted PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Deng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peide Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuqi Bao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Geping Qu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bihua Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xingzhu Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Engineering and Research Center for Integrated New Energy Photovoltaics & Energy Storage Systems of Hunan Province and School of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001 Hunan, China
- Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Putai Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lei Yan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Baomin Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- SUSTech Energy Institute for Carbon Neutrality, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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14
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Tian J, Zhang H. Enhancing efficiency and stability in perovskite solar cells: innovations in self-assembled monolayers. Front Chem 2025; 12:1519166. [PMID: 39834848 PMCID: PMC11743467 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1519166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2024] [Accepted: 12/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) show remarkable potential due to their high-power conversion efficiencies and scalability. However, challenges related to stability and long-term performance remain significant. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have emerged as a crucial solution, enhancing interfacial properties, facilitating hole extraction, and minimizing non-radiative recombination. This review examines recent advancements in SAMs for PVSCs, focusing on three key areas: anchoring groups and interface engineering, electronic structure modulation as well as band alignment, and stability optimization. We emphasize the role of anchoring groups in reducing defects and improving crystallinity, alongside the ability of SAMs to fine-tune energy levels for more effective hole extraction. Additionally, co-adsorbed SAM strategies was discussed which can enhance the durability of PVSCs against thermal and moisture degradation. Overall, SAMs present a promising avenue for addressing both efficiency and stability challenges in PVSCs, paving the way toward commercial viability. Future research should prioritize long-term environmental durability and the scaling up of SAM applications for industrial implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haichang Zhang
- Key laboratory of Rubber-Plastic of Ministry of Education /Shandong Province (QUST), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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15
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Zhu J, Huang X, Luo Y, Jiao W, Xu Y, Wang J, Gao Z, Wei K, Ma T, You J, Jin J, Wu S, Zhang Z, Liang W, Wang Y, Ren S, Wang C, Chen C, Zhang J, Zhao D. Self-assembled hole-selective contact for efficient Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells and all-perovskite tandems. Nat Commun 2025; 16:240. [PMID: 39747127 PMCID: PMC11696209 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 12/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have displayed unpredictable potential in efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Yet most of SAMs are largely suitable for pure Pb-based devices, precisely developing promising hole-selective contacts (HSCs) for Sn-based PSCs and exploring the underlying general mechanism are fundamentally desired. Here, based on the prototypical donor-acceptor SAM MPA-BT-BA (BT), oligoether side chains with different length (i.e., methoxy, 2-methoxyethoxy, 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy group) were custom-introduced on the benzothiadiazole unit to produce the target SAMs with acronyms MPA-MBT-BA (MBT), MPA-EBT-BA (EBT), and MPA-MEBT-BA (MEBT), respectively, and acting as HSCs for efficient Sn-Pb PSCs and all-perovskite tandems. The introduction of oligoether side chains enables HSCs effectively accelerate hole extraction, regulate the crystal growth and passivate surface defects of Sn-Pb perovskites. In particular, benefiting from the enhanced Sn-Pb perovskite film quality and the suppressed interfacial non-radiative recombination losses, EBT-tailored LBG devices yield a champion efficiency of 23.54%, enabling 28.61% efficient monolithic all-perovskite tandems with an impressive VOC of 2.155 V and excellent operational stability as well as 28.22%-efficiency 4-T tandems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaozhen Huang
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Luo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenbo Jiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuliang Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juncheng Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyu Gao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Wei
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tianshu Ma
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiayu You
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jialun Jin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shenghan Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Shengqiang Ren
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changlei Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cong Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jinbao Zhang
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Dewei Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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16
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Zhang Z, Duan C, Wang S, Xie T, Zou F, Luo Y, Tang R, Guo K, Yuan L, Zhang K, Wang Y, Qiu J, Yan K. Molecular Design of Hole Transport Materials to Immobilize Ion Motion for Photostable Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202412042. [PMID: 39149940 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202412042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Poor operational stability is a crucial factor limiting the further application of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Organic semiconductor layers can be a powerful means for reinforcing interfaces and inhibiting ion migration. Herein, two hole-transporting molecules, pDPA-SFX and mDPA-SFX, are synthesized with tuned substituent connection sites. The meta-substituted mDPA-SFX results in a larger dipole moment, more ordered packing, and better charge mobility than pDPA-SFX, accompanying with strong interface bonding on perovskite surfaces and suppressed ion motion as well. Importantly, mDPA-SFX-based PSCs exhibit an efficiency that has significantly increased from 22.5 % to 24.8 % and a module-based efficiency of 19.26 % with an active area of 12.95 cm2. The corresponding cell retain 94.8 % of its initial efficiency at maximum power point tracking (MPPT) after 1,000 h (T95=1,000 h). The MPPT T80 lifetime is as long as 2,238 h. This work illustrates that a small degree of structural variation in organic compounds leaves considerable room for developing new HTMs for light stable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Chenghao Duan
- School of Environment and Energy, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Sijing Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Tianyou Xie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Feilin Zou
- School of Environment and Energy, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Ruijia Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kunpeng Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Ligang Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Kaicheng Zhang
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstraße 7, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Yao Wang
- Center of Future Photovoltaics Research, Global Institute of Future Technology (GIFT), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianhang Qiu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Keyou Yan
- School of Environment and Energy, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
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17
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Xu Y, Chen Y, Ban L, He J, Zong X, Sun Z, Liang M, Xue S. A Diphosphonic Acid-Based Interlayer for Highly Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:59536-59546. [PMID: 39432371 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2024]
Abstract
We investigate an interlayer of 6,6'-bis(4-(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)-[1,1'-binaphthalene]-(2,2'-diyl)bis(oxy)bis(propane-3,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid) (BINOL-PA) with undoped poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA) coverage. The incorporation of the 1,10-bi-2-naphthol central core enhances π-π stacking and reduces charge recombination at the interface. Compared to PTAA alone (0.95 eV), BINOL-PA/PTAA exhibits a shorter distance from the Fermi energy (EF) to the valence-band maximum (VBM) (0.36 eV). Two phosphoric acid units in BINOL-PA fine-tune the molecular dipoles. Theoretical calculations reveal electrostatic surface potential differences between BINOL-PA and PTAA in their backbone structure. Open-circuit voltage decay (OCVD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results suggest suppressed interface recombination. The photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE), short-circuit current density (JSC), open-circuit voltage (VOC), and fill factor (FF) for the BINOL-PA/PTAA device are measured as 21.02%, 22.67 mA cm-2, 1.12 V, and 82.8%, respectively, all higher than those achieved by the PTAA device with a PCE of 18%. BINOL-PA/PTAA significantly elevates VOC and FF values compared with dopant-free PTAA alone. The champion device retains over 89% of its initial PCE after being exposed to an ambient environment without encapsulation for more than 30 days. The thermal aging test conducted under a nitrogen atmosphere demonstrates that the efficiency retention rate for BINOL-PA/PTAA displays 60% of its initial efficiency after 1500 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Lishou Ban
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueping Zong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Mao Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Xue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
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18
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Chen P, Xiao Y, Li S, Jia X, Luo D, Zhang W, Snaith HJ, Gong Q, Zhu R. The Promise and Challenges of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. Chem Rev 2024; 124:10623-10700. [PMID: 39207782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Recently, there has been an extensive focus on inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a p-i-n architecture due to their attractive advantages, such as exceptional stability, high efficiency, low cost, low-temperature processing, and compatibility with tandem architectures, leading to a surge in their development. Single-junction and perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells (TSCs) with an inverted architecture have achieved certified PCEs of 26.15% and 33.9% respectively, showing great promise for commercial applications. To expedite real-world applications, it is crucial to investigate the key challenges for further performance enhancement. We first introduce representative methods, such as composition engineering, additive engineering, solvent engineering, processing engineering, innovation of charge transporting layers, and interface engineering, for fabricating high-efficiency and stable inverted PSCs. We then delve into the reasons behind the excellent stability of inverted PSCs. Subsequently, we review recent advances in TSCs with inverted PSCs, including perovskite-Si TSCs, all-perovskite TSCs, and perovskite-organic TSCs. To achieve final commercial deployment, we present efforts related to scaling up, harvesting indoor light, economic assessment, and reducing environmental impacts. Lastly, we discuss the potential and challenges of inverted PSCs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K
| | - Shunde Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaohan Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Deying Luo
- International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Advanced Technology Institute, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, U.K
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon & Environmental Materials (CDLCEM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Henry J Snaith
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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19
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Min Z, Wang B, Kong Y, Guo J, Ling X, Ma W, Yuan J. Pyridalthiadiazole-Based Molecular Chromophores for Defect Passivation Enables High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202401852. [PMID: 39345007 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202401852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Passivation of defects at the surface and grain boundaries of perovskite films has become one of the most important strategies to suppress nonradiative recombination and improve optoelectronic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, two conjugated molecules, abbreviated as CPT and SiPT, are designed and synthesized as the passivator to enhance both efficiency and stability of PSCs. The CPT and SiPT contain pyridalthiadiazole (PT) units, which can coordinate with undercoordinated Pb2+ at the surface and grain boundaries to passivate the defects in perovskite films. In addition, with the incorporation of CPT, the crystallized perovskite films exhibit more uniform grain size and smoother surface morphology relative to the control ones. The efficient passivation by CPT also results in better charge extraction and less carrier recombination in PSCs. Consequently, the CPT-passivated PSCs yield the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.14 % together with better storage stability under ambient conditions, which is enhanced relative to the control devices with a PCE of 22.14 %. Meanwhile, the SiPT-passivated PSCs also show a slightly enhanced performance with a PCE of 22.43 %. Our findings provide a new idea for the future design of functional passivating molecules towards high-performance PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangtao Min
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Bei Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Kong
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Junjun Guo
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xufeng Ling
- College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Wanli Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jianyu Yuan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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20
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Che Y, Deng J, Gao Y, Li X, Wang X, Li Y, Zhang J, Yang L. Solvent-Activated Transformation of Polymer Configurations for Advancing the Interfacial Reliability of Perovskite Photovoltaics. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:26060-26070. [PMID: 39115312 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Organic materials have been widely used as the charge transport layers in perovskite solar cells due to their structural versatility and solution processability. However, their low surface energy usually causes unsatisfactory thin-film wettability in contact with the perovskite solution, which limits the interfacial performance of the photovoltaic devices. Although solvent post-treatment could occasionally regulate the wetting behavior of organic films, the mechanism of the solid-liquid interaction is still unclear. Here, we present evidence of a possible correlation between the solvent and the wettability of a conventional polymer, poly[bis(4-phenyl) (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) amine] (PTAA), and reveal the critical roles of Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) of solvents in wetting mechanisms. Our results suggest that the conventional solvent N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) improves the wettability of PTAA by the morphological disruption mechanism but negatively impacts interfacial charge collection and stability. In contrast, 2-methoxyethanol (2-Me) with an appropriate HSP value induces the transformation of the PTAA configuration in an orderly manner, which simultaneously improves the wetting property and maintains the film topography. After careful optimization of the surface conformation of the PTAA film, both perovskite crystallization and interfacial compatibility have been enhanced. Benefiting from superior interfacial properties, the perovskite solar cells based on 2-Me deliver a champion efficiency of 24.15% compared to 21.4% for DMF-based ones. More encouragingly, the use of 2-Me minimizes the perovskite buried interfacial defects, enabling the unencapsulated devices to maintain about 95% of their initial efficiencies after light illumination for 1100 h. The present study demonstrates the high effectiveness of solvent-polymer interaction for adjusting interfacial properties and strengthening the robustness of perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Che
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jidong Deng
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yinhu Gao
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jinbao Zhang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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21
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Zhang W, Guo X, Cui Z, Yuan H, Li Y, Li W, Li X, Fang J. Strategies for Improving Efficiency and Stability of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311025. [PMID: 38427593 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted widespread research and commercialization attention because of their high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and low fabrication cost. The long-term stability of PSCs should satisfy industrial requirements for photovoltaic devices. Inverted PSCs with a p-i-n architecture exhibit considerable advantages because of their excellent stability and competitive efficiency. The continuously broken-through PCE of inverted PSCs shows huge application potential. This review summarizes the developments and outlines the characteristics of inverted PSCs including charge transport layers (CTLs), perovskite compositions, and interfacial regulation strategies. The latest effective CTLs, interfacial modification, and stability promotion strategies especially under light, thermal, and bias conditions are emphatically analyzed. Furthermore, the applications of the inverted structure in high-efficiency and stable tandem, flexible photovoltaic devices, and modules and their main obstacles are systematically introduced. Finally, the remaining challenges faced by inverted devices are discussed, and several directions for advancing inverted PSCs are proposed according to their development status and industrialization requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Xuemin Guo
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zhengbo Cui
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Haobo Yuan
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Junfeng Fang
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
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22
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Huang X, Wang X, Zou Y, An M, Wang Y. The Renaissance of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) as a Promising Hole-Transporting Material Toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2400874. [PMID: 38794876 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
To push the commercialization of the promising photovoltaic technique of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the three-element golden law of efficiency, stability, and cost should be followed. As the key component of PSCs, hole-transporting materials (HTMs) involving widely-used organic semiconductors such as 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis-(N,N-di-4-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) or poly(triarylamine) (PTAA) usually suffer high-cost preparation and low operational stability. Fortunately, the studies on the classical p-type polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as an alternative HTM have recently sparked a broad interest due to its low-cost synthesis, excellent batch-to-batch purity, superior hole conductivity as well as controllable and stable film morphology. Despite this, the device efficiency still lags behind P3HT-based PSCs mainly owing to the mismatched energy level and poor interfacial contact between P3HT and the perovskite layer. Hence, in this review, the study timely summarizes the developed strategies for overcoming the corresponding issues such as interface engineering, morphology regulation, and formation of composite HTMs from which some critical clues can be extracted to provide guidance for further boosting the efficiency and stability of P3HT-based devices. Finally, in the outlook, the future research directions either from the viewpoint of material design or device engineering are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Huang
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Xuran Wang
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Yaqing Zou
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Mingwei An
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
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23
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Adnan M, Lee W, Irshad Z, Kim S, Yun S, Han H, Chang HS, Lim J. Managing Interfacial Defects and Charge-Carriers Dynamics by a Cesium-Doped SnO 2 for Air Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2402268. [PMID: 38733239 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
A high-quality nanostructured tin oxide (SnO2) has garnered massive attention as an electron transport layer (ETL) for efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). SnO2 is considered the most effective alternative to titanium oxide (TiO2) as ETL because of its low-temperature processing and promising optical and electrical characteristics. However, some essential modifications are still required to further improve the intrinsic characteristics of SnO2, such as mismatch band alignments, charge extraction, transportation, conductivity, and interfacial recombination losses. Herein, an inorganic-based cesium (Cs) dopant is used to modify the SnO2 ETL and to investigate the impact of Cs-dopant in curing interfacial defects, charge-carrier dynamics, and improving the optoelectronic characteristics of PSCs. The incorporation of Cs contents efficiently improves the perovskite film quality by enhancing the transparency, crystallinity, grain size, and light absorption and reduces the defect states and trap densities, resulting in an improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ≈22.1% with Cs:SnO2 ETL, in-contrast to pristine SnO2-based PSCs (20.23%). Moreover, the Cs-modified SnO2-based PSCs exhibit remarkable environmental stability in a relatively higher relative humidity environment (>65%) and without encapsulation. Therefore, this work suggests that Cs-doped SnO2 is a highly favorable electron extraction material for preparing highly efficient and air-stable planar PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjong Lee
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Zobia Irshad
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunkyu Kim
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Siwon Yun
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeji Han
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Sik Chang
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongchul Lim
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
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24
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Wang S, Wu T, Guo J, Zhao R, Hua Y, Zhao Y. Engineering the Hole Transport Layer with a Conductive Donor-Acceptor Covalent Organic Framework for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:1383-1395. [PMID: 39071056 PMCID: PMC11273455 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.4c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Spiro-OMeTAD doped with lithium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-imide (Li-TFSI) and tertbutyl-pyridine (t-BP) is widely used as a hole transport layer (HTL) in n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Spiro-OMeTAD based PSCs typically show poor stability owing to the agglomeration of Li-TFSI, the migration of lithium ions (Li+), and the existence of potential mobile defects originating from the perovskite layer. Thus, it is necessary to search for a strategy that suppresses the degradation of PSCs and overcomes the Shockley Queisser efficiency limit via harvesting excess energy from hot charge carrier. Herein, two covalent organic frameworks (COFs) including BPTA-TAPD-COF and a well-defined donor-acceptor COF (BPTA-TAPD-COF@TCNQ) were developed and incorporated into Spiro-OMeTAD HTL. BPTA-TAPD-COF and BPTA-TAPD-COF@TCNQ could act as multifunctional additives of Spiro-OMeTAD HTL, which improve the photovoltaic performance and stability of the PSC device by accelerating charge-carrier extraction, suppressing the Li+ migration and Li-TFSI agglomeration, and capturing mobile defects. Benefiting from the increased conductivity, the addition of BPTA-TAPD-COF@TCNQ in the device led to the highest power conversion efficiency of 24.68% with long-term stability in harsh conditions. This work provides an example of using COFs as additives of HTL to enable improvements of both efficiency and stability for PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihuai Wang
- Yunnan
Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of
Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, P. R. China
- School
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Tai Wu
- Yunnan
Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of
Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- School
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Rongjun Zhao
- Yunnan
Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of
Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Yong Hua
- Yunnan
Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of
Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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25
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Sun X, Fan H, Xu X, Li G, Gu X, Luo D, Shan C, Yang Q, Dong S, Miao C, Xie Z, Lu G, Wang DH, Sun PP, Kyaw AKK. A Fluorination Strategy and Low-Acidity Anchoring Group in Self-Assembled Molecules for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400629. [PMID: 38594211 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we synthesized two donor-acceptor (D-A) type small organic molecules with self-assembly properties, namely MPA-BT-BA and MPA-2FBT-BA, both containing a low acidity anchoring group, benzoic acid. After systematically investigation, it is found that, with the fluorination, the MPA-2FBT-BA demonstrates a lower highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level, higher hole mobility, higher hydrophobicity and stronger interaction with the perovskite layer than that of MPA-BT-BA. As a result, the device based-on MPA-2FBT-BA displays a better crystallization and morphology of perovskite layer with larger grain size and less non-radiative recombination. Consequently, the device using MPA-2FBT-BA as hole transport material achieved the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.32 % and remarkable stability. After being kept in an N2 glove box for 116 days, the unsealed PSCs' device retained 93 % of its initial PCE. Even exposed to air with a relative humidity range of 30±5 % for 43 days, its PCE remained above 91 % of its initial condition. This study highlights the vital importance of the fluorination strategy combined with a low acidity anchoring group in SAMs, offering a pathway to achieve efficient and stable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Sun
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Hua Fan
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Gongqiang Li
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang, 318000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Gu
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Dou Luo
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Chengwei Shan
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Yang
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Shixing Dong
- Jiangsu Sierbang Petrochemical Co. LTD., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222248, P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Miao
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xie
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Gang Lu
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Dong Hwan Wang
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Ping-Ping Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Aung Ko Ko Kyaw
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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Cao B, Ma Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wen Y, Yun li, Wang R, Cao D, Zhang R. Oxygen self-sufficient nanodroplet composed of fluorinated polymer for high-efficiently PDT eradicating oral biofilm. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101091. [PMID: 38800565 PMCID: PMC11126933 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral biofilm is the leading cause of dental caries, which is difficult to completely eradicate because of the complicated biofilm structure. What's more, the hypoxia environment of biofilm and low water-solubility of conventional photosensitizers severely restrict the therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for biofilm. Although conventional photosensitizers could be loaded in nanocarriers, it has reduced PDT effect because of aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) phenomenon. In this study, we fabricated an oxygen self-sufficient nanodroplet (PFC/TPA@FNDs), which was composed of fluorinated-polymer (FP), perfluorocarbons (PFC) and an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) photosensitizer (Triphenylamine, TPA), to eradicate oral bacterial biofilm and whiten tooth. Fluorinated-polymer was synthesized by polymerizing (Dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate, fluorinated monomer and 1-nonanol monomer. The nanodroplets could be protonated and behave strong positive charge under bacterial biofilm acid environment promoting nanodroplets deeply penetrating biofilm. More importantly, the nanodroplets had extremely high PFC and oxygen loading efficacy because of the hydrophobic affinity between fluorinated-polymer and PFC to relieve the hypoxia environment and enhance PDT effect. Additionally, compared with conventional ACQ photosensitizers loaded system, PFC/TPA@FNDs could behave superior PDT effect to ablate oral bacterial biofilm under light irradiation due to the unique AIE effect. In vivo caries animal model proved the nanodroplets could reduce dental caries area without damaging tooth structure. Ex vivo tooth whitening assay also confirmed the nanodroplets had similar tooth whitening ability compared with commercial tooth whitener H2O2, while did not disrupt the surface microstructure of tooth. This oxygen self-sufficient nanodroplet provides an alternative visual angle for oral biofilm eradication in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Cao
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yingfei Ma
- The Radiology Department of Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Five Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- College of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- The Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yating Wen
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yun li
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ruixue Wang
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Donghai Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- The Radiology Department of Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Five Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
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Liu C, Yu W, Li Y, Wang C, Zhang Z, Li C, Liang L, Chen K, Liu L, Li T, Yu X, Wang Y, Gao P. Fluorinated Polyimide Tunneling Layer for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Photovoltaics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402904. [PMID: 38527959 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Despite the remarkable progress of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), challenges remain in terms of finding effective and viable strategies to enhance their long-term stability while maintaining high efficiency. In this study, a new insulating and hydrophobic fluorinated polyimide (FPI: 6FDA-6FAPB) was used as the interface layer between the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer (HTL) in PSCs. The functional groups of FPI play a pivotal role in passivating interface defects within the device. Due to its high work function, FPI demonstrates field-effect passivation (FEP) capabilities as an interface layer, effectively mitigating non-radiative recombination at the interface. Notably, the FPI insulating interface layer does not impede carrier transmission at the interface, which is attributed to the presence of hole tunneling effects. The optimized PSCs achieve an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.61 % and demonstrate excellent stability, showcasing the efficacy of FPI in enhancing device performance and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunming Liu
- Institution CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Institution CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- Institution CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Can Wang
- Institution CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Institution CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Chi Li
- Institution CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lusheng Liang
- Institution CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Kangcheng Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Physical Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Tinghao Li
- Institution CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xuteng Yu
- Institution CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Institution CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Institution CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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28
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Xie G, Wang J, Yin S, Liang A, Wang W, Chen Z, Feng C, Yu J, Liao X, Fu Y, Xue Q, Min Y, Lu X, Chen Y. Dual-Strategy Tailoring Molecular Structures of Dopant-Free Hole Transport Materials for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403083. [PMID: 38502273 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Dopant-free hole transport materials (HTMs) are ideal materials for highly efficient and stable n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but most current design strategies for tailoring the molecular structures of HTMs are limited to single strategy. Herein, four HTMs based on dithienothiophenepyrrole (DTTP) core are devised through dual-strategy methods combining conjugate engineering and side chain engineering. DTTP-ThSO with ester alkyl chain that can form six-membered ring by the S⋅⋅⋅O noncovalent conformation lock with thiophene in the backbone shows good planarity, high-quality film, matching energy level and high hole mobility, as well as strong defect passivation ability. Consequently, a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.3 % with a nice long-term stability is achieved by dopant-free DTTP-ThSO-based PSCs, representing one of the highest values for un-doped organic HTMs based PSCs. Especially, the fill factor (FF) of 82.3 % is the highest value for dopant-free small molecular HTMs-based n-i-p PSCs to date. Moreover, DTTP-ThSO-based devices have achieved an excellent PCE of 20.9 % in large-area (1.01 cm2) devices. This work clearly elucidates the structure-performance relationships of HTMs and offers a practical dual-strategy approach to designing dopant-free HTMs for high-performance PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shungao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Aihui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Ziming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chuizheng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Jianxin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Xunfan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Yuang Fu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Qifan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yonggang Min
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yiwang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Film Energy Chemistry for Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory (FEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
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29
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Cheng Q, Chen W, Li Y, Li Y. Recent Progress in Dopant-Free and Green Solvent-Processable Organic Hole Transport Materials for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307152. [PMID: 38417119 PMCID: PMC11077692 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Dopant-free hole transport layers (HTLs) are crucial in enhancing perovskite solar cells (pero-SCs). Nevertheless, conventional processing of these HTL materials involves using toxic solvents, which gives rise to substantial environmental concerns and renders them unsuitable for large-scale industrial production. Consequently, there is a pressing need to develop dopant-free HTL materials processed using green solvents to facilitate the production of high-performance pero-SCs. Recently, several strategies have been developed to simultaneously improve the solubility of these materials and regulate molecular stacking for high hole mobility. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the methodologies utilized in developing dopant-free HTL materials processed from green solvents is provided. First, the study provides a brief overview of fundamental information about green solvents and Hansen solubility parameters, which can serve as a guideline for the molecular design of optimal HTL materials. Second, the intrinsic relationships between molecular structure, solubility in green solvents, molecular stacking, and device performance are discussed. Finally, conclusions and perspectives are presented along with the rational design of highly efficient, stable, and green solvent-processable dopant-free HTL materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinrong Cheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic MaterialsSuzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor‐optoelectronics Materials and DevicesCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Weijie Chen
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic MaterialsSuzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor‐optoelectronics Materials and DevicesCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Yaowen Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic MaterialsSuzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor‐optoelectronics Materials and DevicesCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon TechnologiesSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123P. R. China
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric MaterialsJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design andApplicationCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic MaterialsSuzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor‐optoelectronics Materials and DevicesCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon TechnologiesSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
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30
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Chen J, Zhang X, Liu X, Li B, Han M, Han S, Han Y, Liu J, Dai W, Ghadari R, Dai S. A Multifunctional Dye Molecule as the Interfacial Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:22079-22088. [PMID: 38641564 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), defects in the interface and mismatched energy levels can damage the device performance. Improving the interface quality is an effective way to achieve efficient and stable PSCs. In this work, a multifunctional dye molecule, named ThPCyAc, was designed and synthesized to be introduced in the perovskite/HTM interface. On one hand, various functional groups on the acceptor unit can act as Lewis base to reduce defect density and suppress nonradiative combinations. On the other hand, the stepwise energy-level alignment caused by ThPCyAc decreases the accumulation of interface carriers for facilitating charge extraction and transmission. Therefore, based on the ThPCyAc molecule, the devices exhibit elevated open-circuit voltage and fill factor, resulting in the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.16%, outperforming the control sample lacking the interface layer (PCE = 21.49%). Excitingly, when attempting to apply it as a self-assembled layer in inverted devices, ThPCyAc still exhibits attractive behavior. It is worth noting that these results indicate that dye molecules have great potential in developing multifunctional interface materials to obtain higher-performance PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xianfu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xuepeng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Botong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Mingyuan Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Sike Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yu Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jiasheng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Weiqing Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Rahim Ghadari
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Songyuan Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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31
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Zhong L, Liu C, Lai S, Li B, Zheng B, Zhang X. Recent Advances in Self-Assembled Molecular Application in Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:779. [PMID: 38727372 PMCID: PMC11085869 DOI: 10.3390/nano14090779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much attention due to their low cost, high efficiency, and solution processability. With the development of various materials in perovskite solar cells, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have rapidly become an important factor in improving power conversion efficiency (PCE) due to their unique physical and chemical properties and better energy level matching. In this topical review, we introduced important categories of self-assembled molecules, energy level modulation strategies, and various characteristics of self-assembled molecules. In addition, we focused on reviewing the application of self-assembled molecules in solar cells, and explained the changes that self-assembled molecules bring to PSCs by introducing the mechanism and effect of self-assembled molecules. Finally, we also elaborated on the challenges currently faced by self-assembled molecules and provided prospects for their applications in other optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Photonics Technology, School of Physics and Opto-Electronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (L.Z.); (C.L.); (S.L.); (B.L.); (B.Z.)
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32
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Li M, Liu M, Qi F, Lin FR, Jen AKY. Self-Assembled Monolayers for Interfacial Engineering in Solution-Processed Thin-Film Electronic Devices: Design, Fabrication, and Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2138-2204. [PMID: 38421811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Interfacial engineering has long been a vital means of improving thin-film device performance, especially for organic electronics, perovskites, and hybrid devices. It greatly facilitates the fabrication and performance of solution-processed thin-film devices, including organic field effect transistors (OFETs), organic solar cells (OSCs), perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, due to the limitation of traditional interfacial materials, further progress of these thin-film devices is hampered particularly in terms of stability, flexibility, and sensitivity. The deadlock has gradually been broken through the development of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which possess distinct benefits in transparency, diversity, stability, sensitivity, selectivity, and surface passivation ability. In this review, we first showed the evolution of SAMs, elucidating their working mechanisms and structure-property relationships by assessing a wide range of SAM materials reported to date. A comprehensive comparison of various SAM growth, fabrication, and characterization methods was presented to help readers interested in applying SAM to their works. Moreover, the recent progress of the SAM design and applications in mainstream thin-film electronic devices, including OFETs, OSCs, PVSCs and OLEDs, was summarized. Finally, an outlook and prospects section summarizes the major challenges for the further development of SAMs used in thin-film devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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33
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Puerto Galvis CE, González Ruiz DA, Martínez-Ferrero E, Palomares E. Challenges in the design and synthesis of self-assembling molecules as selective contacts in perovskite solar cells. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1534-1556. [PMID: 38303950 PMCID: PMC10829004 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04668k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-assembling molecules (SAMs), as selective contacts, play an important role in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), determining the performance and stability of these photovoltaic devices. These materials offer many advantages over other traditional materials used as hole-selective contacts, as they can be easily deposited on a large area of metal oxides, can modify the work function of these substrates, and reduce optical and electric losses with low material consumption. However, the most interesting thing about SAMs is that by modifying the chemical structure of the small molecules used, the energy levels, molecular dipoles, and surface properties of this assembled monolayer can be modulated to fine-tune the desired interactions between the substrate and the active layer. Due to the important role of organic chemistry in the field of photovoltaics, in this review, we will cover the current challenges for the design and synthesis of SAMs PSCs. Discussing, the structural features that define a SAM, (ii) disclosing how commercial molecules inspired the synthesis of new SAMs; and (iii) detailing the pros- and cons- of the reported synthetic protocols that have been employed for the synthesis of molecules for SAMs, helping synthetic chemists to develop novel structures and promoting the fast industrialization of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Puerto Galvis
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Avda. Països Catalans, 16 Tarragona Spain
| | - Dora A González Ruiz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Avda. Països Catalans, 16 Tarragona Spain
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica., Universitat Rovira i Virgili Avda. Països Catalans, 26 Tarragona Spain
| | | | - Emilio Palomares
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Avda. Països Catalans, 16 Tarragona Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) Passeig Lluïs Companys, 23 Barcelona Spain
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34
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Nyiekaa EA, Aika TA, Orukpe PE, Akhabue CE, Danladi E. Development on inverted perovskite solar cells: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24689. [PMID: 38298729 PMCID: PMC10828711 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have received note-worthy consideration in the photovoltaic domain because of its dependable operating stability, minimal hysteresis, and low-temperature manufacture technique in the quest to satisfy global energy demand through renewable means. In a decade transition, perovskite solar cells in general have exceeded 25 % efficiency as a result of superior perovskite nanocrystalline films obtained via low temperature synthesis methods along with good interface and electrode materials management. This review paper presents detail processes of refining the stability and power conversion efficiencies in IPSCs. The latest development in the power conversion efficiency, including structural configurations, prospect of tandem solar cells, mixed cations and halides, films' fabrication methods, charge transport material alterations, effects of contact electrode materials, additive and interface engineering materials used in IPSCs are extensively discussed. Additionally, insights on the state of the art and IPSCs' continued development towards commercialization are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel A. Nyiekaa
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Timothy A. Aika
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Patience E. Orukpe
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | | | - Eli Danladi
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Health Sciences, Otukpo, Nigeria
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35
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Yeo D, Shin J, Kim D, Jaung JY, Jung IH. Self-Assembled Monolayer-Based Hole-Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:175. [PMID: 38251141 PMCID: PMC10818599 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Ever since self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) were adopted as hole-transporting layers (HTL) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), numerous SAMs for HTL have been synthesized and reported. SAMs offer several unique advantages including relatively simple synthesis, straightforward molecular engineering, effective surface modification using small amounts of molecules, and suitability for large-area device fabrication. In this review, we discuss recent developments of SAM-based hole-transporting materials (HTMs) for PSCs. Notably, in this article, SAM-based HTMs have been categorized by similarity of synthesis to provide general information for building a SAM structure. SAMs are composed of head, linker, and anchoring groups, and the selection of anchoring groups is key to design the synthetic procedure of SAM-based HTMs. In addition, the working mechanism of SAM-based HTMs has been visualized and explained to provide inspiration for finding new head and anchoring groups that have not yet been explored. Furthermore, both photovoltaic properties and device stabilities have been discussed and summarized, expanding reader's understanding of the relationship between the structure and performance of SAMs-based PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jae Yun Jaung
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, and Human-Tech Convergence Program, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (D.Y.); (J.S.); (D.K.)
| | - In Hwan Jung
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, and Human-Tech Convergence Program, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (D.Y.); (J.S.); (D.K.)
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36
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Hassan AU, Sumrra SH. Structure-based screening of sp 2 hybridized small donor bridges as donor: acceptor switches for optical and photovoltaic applications: DFT way. J Mol Model 2024; 30:36. [PMID: 38206469 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-05836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT This research aims to investigate the potential of pyrazine-based small donor moieties as donor-acceptor switches for optical and photovoltaic applications. The designed organic dyes have a high light harvesting efficiency (LHE) and can potentially generate significant electrical energy. METHODS The study focuses on understanding the structural and electronic properties of these dyes through the analysis of dihedral angles, bond lengths, and energies of frontier molecular orbitals The UV-Vis spectroscopy parameters of the designed organic dyes revealed their absorption characteristics, including transition energies, wavelengths (λmax), and oscillator strengths (f). The photovoltaic properties of the developed organic dyes show a range of values: a range of 0.95-0.99 for LHE and a range of 1.77-33.02 W for maximum power output (Pmax) with the highest value for dye DDP5. For their stabilization energies, their natural bond orbitals had values ranging from 0.56 to 128.48 kcal/mol, their E(j)E(i) values from 0.22 to 1.29 a.u, and their Fi,j values from 0.024 to 0.213 kcal/mol. Out of all dyes, the DDP5 produced highest push-pull effect and can be good choice for further studies. The design of these novel organic materials for effective and economical solar energy conversion will be aided by evaluating the potential of 5,10-diphenyl-5,10-dihydrophenazine as a donor moiety and determining the structure-property correlations controlling the photovoltaic performance of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar U Hassan
- Lunan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, 888 Zhengtai Road, Tengzhou, 277599, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Sajjad H Sumrra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Punjab, Pakistan.
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37
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Daskeviciute-Geguziene S, Truong MA, Rakstys K, Daskeviciene M, Hashimoto R, Murdey R, Yamada T, Kanemitsu Y, Jankauskas V, Wakamiya A, Getautis V. In Situ Thermal Cross-Linking of 9,9'-Spirobifluorene-Based Hole-Transporting Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:1206-1216. [PMID: 38117238 PMCID: PMC10788832 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
A novel 9,9'-spirobifluorene derivative bearing thermally cross-linkable vinyl groups (V1382) was developed as a hole-transporting material for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). After thermal cross-linking, a smooth and solvent-resistant three-dimensional (3D) polymeric network is formed such that orthogonal solvents are no longer needed to process subsequent layers. Copolymerizing V1382 with 4,4'-thiobisbenzenethiol (dithiol) lowers the cross-linking temperature to 103 °C via the facile thiol-ene "click" reaction. The effectiveness of the cross-linked V1382/dithiol was demonstrated both as a hole-transporting material in p-i-n and as an interlayer between the perovskite and the hole-transporting layer in n-i-p PSC devices. Both devices exhibit better power conversion efficiencies and operational stability than devices using conventional PTAA or Spiro-OMeTAD hole-transporting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minh Anh Truong
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kasparas Rakstys
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University
of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
| | - Maryte Daskeviciene
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University
of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
| | - Ruito Hashimoto
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Richard Murdey
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takumi Yamada
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kanemitsu
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Vygintas Jankauskas
- Institute
of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 3, Vilnius 10257, Lithuania
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Vytautas Getautis
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University
of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
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38
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Li C, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Yan W, Li Y, Liang L, Yu W, Yu X, Wang Y, Yang Y, Nazeeruddin MK, Gao P. Fully Aromatic Self-Assembled Hole-Selective Layer toward Efficient Inverted Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells with Ultraviolet Resistance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315281. [PMID: 37987092 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-induced degradation has emerged as a critical stability concern impeding the widespread adoption of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), particularly in the context of phase-unstable wide-band gap perovskite films. This study introduces a novel approach by employing a fully aromatic carbazole-based self-assembled monolayer, denoted as (4-(3,6-dimethoxy-9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)phosphonic acid (MeO-PhPACz), as a hole-selective layer (HSL) in inverted wide-band gap PSCs. Incorporating a conjugated linker plays a pivotal role in promoting the formation of a dense and highly ordered HSL on substrates, facilitating subsequent perovskite interfacial interactions, and fostering the growth of uniform perovskite films. The high-quality film could effectively suppress interfacial non-radiative recombination, improving hole extraction/transport efficiency. Through these advancements, the optimized wide-band gap PSCs, featuring a band gap of 1.68 eV, attain an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.10 %. Remarkably, MeO-PhPACz demonstrates inherent UV resistance and heightened UV absorption capabilities, substantially improving UV resistance for the targeted PSCs. This characteristic holds significance for the feasibility of large-scale outdoor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Huifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wenlong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Lusheng Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Wei Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xuteng Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ye Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne, Peshawar, 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Peng Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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39
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Miao Y, Zhai M, Zhao Z, Ding X, Xia Z, Wang H, Wang L, Chen C, Cheng M. Asymmetric Small Molecule as Interface "Governor" for FAPbI 3 Perovskite Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9883-9891. [PMID: 37903032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Delicate interface modification is necessary for improving the photovoltaic performance of a perovskite solar cell (PSC). Herein, two asymmetric small molecules, termed BTD-DA and BTD-PA are designed and synthesized to govern the perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD interface. The molecule BTD-PA featuring a donor-acceptor-acceptor (D-A-A') configuration shows a larger molecule dipole and a better effect on defect passivation and energy level regulation through the strong interaction between the pyridine group in BTD-PA and the surficial uncoordinated Pb2+. Consequently, the PSCs based on the BTD-PA treatment harvest a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.46% for a 0.09 cm2 active area and 22.46% for the 1 cm2 device. Moreover, the long-term stability of FAPbI3 PSCs is also significantly improved because of the enhanced hydrophobicity and the inhibited phase transition of the FAPbI3 film with BTD-PA treatment. Our research provides a new strategy for interfacial engineering to boost the PCE and stability of the FAPbI3 PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Miao
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Mengde Zhai
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhenxiao Zhao
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xingdong Ding
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ziyang Xia
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Haoxin Wang
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Linqin Wang
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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40
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Liu M, Bi L, Jiang W, Zeng Z, Tsang SW, Lin FR, Jen AKY. Compact Hole-Selective Self-Assembled Monolayers Enabled by Disassembling Micelles in Solution for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304415. [PMID: 37487572 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are widely employed as effective hole-selective layers (HSLs) in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, most SAM molecules are amphiphilic in nature and tend to form micelles in the commonly used alcoholic processing solvents. This introduces an extra energetic barrier to disassemble the micelles during the binding of SAM molecules on the substrate surface, limiting the formation of a compact SAM. To alleviate this problem for achieving optimal SAM growth, a co-solvent strategy to disassemble the micelles of carbazole-based SAM molecules in the processing solution is developed. This effectively increases the critical micelle concentration to be above the processing concentration and enhances the reactivity of the phosphonic acid anchoring group to allow densely packed SAMs to be formed on indium tin oxide. Consequently, the PSCs derived from using MeO-2PACz, 2PACz, and CbzNaph SAM HSLs show universally improved performance, with the CbzNaph SAM-derived device achieving a champion efficiency of 24.98% and improved stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Leyu Bi
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Wenlin Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zixin Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Sai-Wing Tsang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Francis R Lin
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
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41
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Zhang D, Wei C, Li X, Guo S, Luo X, Jin X, Zhou H, Huang J, Su J, Xu B. Highly Solvent Resistant Small-Molecule Hole-Transporting Materials for Efficient Perovskite Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:44043-44053. [PMID: 37695887 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes (Pe-QLEDs) have been shown as promising candidates for next-generation displays and lightings due to their unique feature of wide color gamut and high color saturation. Hole-transporting materials (HTMs) play crucial roles in the device performance and stability of Pe-QLEDs. However, small-molecule HTMs have been less studied in Pe-QLEDs due to their poor solvent resistance and low hole mobility. In this work, three novel small-molecule HTMs employing benzimidazole as the center core, named X4, X5, and X6, were designed and synthesized for application in Pe-QLEDs. One of the tailored HTM-X6 exhibits excellent solvent resistant ability to the perovskite quantum dot (QD) inks due to its proper solubility and low surface energy. Our result clearly demonstrated that the synergistic effect of poor solubility and low surface energy facilitates the achievement of good solvent resistance to perovskite QD inks. As a result, a promising maximal external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 14.1% is achieved in X6-based CsPbBr3 Pe-QLEDs, which is much higher than that of X4 (9.16%) and X5 (6.60%)-based devices, which is comparable to the PTAA reference (EQE ∼ 15.8%) under the same conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example that a benzimidazole-based small-molecule HTM demonstrated a good application in Pe-QLEDs. Our work provides new guidance for the rational design of small-molecule HTMs with high solvent resistance for efficient Pe-QLEDs and other photoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Changting Wei
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Institute of Optoelectronics and Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xiansheng Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Institute of Optoelectronics and Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shiyan Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xin Luo
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Institute of Optoelectronics and Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Haitao Zhou
- Shanghai Taoe Chemical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jinhai Huang
- Shanghai Taoe Chemical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jianhua Su
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bo Xu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Institute of Optoelectronics and Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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42
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Qi L, Du G, Zhu G, Wang Y, Yang L, Zhang J. Enhanced Interface Compatibility by Ionic Dendritic Molecules To Achieve Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:41109-41120. [PMID: 37590128 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) represents a promising hole transport material for emerging perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to its appealing merits of high thermal stability and appropriate hydrophobicity. Nonetheless, large energy losses at the P3HT/perovskite interface lead to unsatisfied efficiency and stability of the devices. Herein, two ionic dendritic molecules, 3,3'-(2,7-bis(3,6-bis(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)-9H-carbazol-9-yl)-9H-fluorene-9,9-diyl)bis(N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium) iodide and 3,3'-(2,7-bis(bis(4-(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)amino)-9H-fluorene-9,9-diyl)bis(N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium) iodide, namely, MPA-Cz-FAI and MPA-PA-FAI, are rationally designed as the interlayer to enhance interfacial compatibility. The dendritic backbone with conjugated structure endows the hole transport layer with high conductivity, derived from the more ordered microstructure with larger crystallization and higher connectivity of domain zones. Besides, a better energy level alignment is established between P3HT and perovskite, which enhances the charge extraction and transport yield. In addition, the peripheral methoxy groups enable effective defect passivation at the interface to suppress nonradiative recombination and the quaternary ammonium iodide serving as side chains enable efficient interfacial hole extraction contributing to enhanced charge collection yield. As a result, the dopant-free P3HT-based PSCs modified with MPA-Cz-PAI deliver a champion efficiency of 19.7%, significantly higher than that of the control devices (15.4%). More encouragingly, the unencapsulated devices demonstrate competitive environmental stability by retaining over 85% of its initial efficiency after 1500 h of storage under humid conditions (70% relative humidity). This work provides an effective molecular design strategy for interface engineering, envisaging a bright prospect for the further development of efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianlian Qi
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guozheng Du
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guojie Zhu
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jinbao Zhang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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43
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Guo H, Liu C, Hu H, Zhang S, Ji X, Cao XM, Ning Z, Zhu WH, Tian H, Wu Y. Neglected acidity pitfall: boric acid-anchoring hole-selective contact for perovskite solar cells. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad057. [PMID: 37274941 PMCID: PMC10237332 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The spontaneous formation of self-assembly monolayer (SAM) on various substrates represents an effective strategy for interfacial engineering of optoelectronic devices. Hole-selective SAM is becoming popular among high-performance inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but the presence of strong acidic anchors (such as -PO3H2) in state-of-the-art SAM is detrimental to device stability. Herein, we report for the first time that acidity-weakened boric acid can function as an alternative anchor to construct efficient SAM-based hole-selective contact (HSC) for PSCs. Theoretical calculations reveal that boric acid spontaneously chemisorbs onto indium tin oxide (ITO) surface with oxygen vacancies facilitating the adsorption progress. Spectroscopy and electrical measurements indicate that boric acid anchor significantly mitigates ITO corrosion. The excess boric acid containing molecules improves perovskite deposition and results in a coherent and well-passivated bottom interface, which boosts the fill factor (FF) performance for a variety of perovskite compositions. The optimal boric acid-anchoring HSC (MTPA-BA) can achieve power conversion efficiency close to 23% with a high FF of 85.2%. More importantly, the devices show improved stability: 90% of their initial efficiency is retained after 2400 h of storage (ISOS-D-1) or 400 h of operation (ISOS-L-1), which are 5-fold higher than those of phosphonic acid SAM-based devices. Acidity-weakened boric acid SAMs, which are friendly to ITO, exhibits well the great potential to improve the stability of the interface as well as the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxin Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Honglong Hu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Cao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhijun Ning
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yongzhen Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Wang W, Wei K, Yang L, Deng J, Zhang J, Tang W. Dynamic self-assembly of small molecules enables the spontaneous fabrication of hole conductors at perovskite/electrode interfaces for over 22% stable inverted perovskite solar cells. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023. [PMID: 37097145 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00219e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The bottom hole transport layers (HTLs) are of paramount importance in determining both the efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), however, their surface nature and properties strongly interfere with the upper perovskite crystallization kinetics and also influence interfacial carrier dynamics. In this work, we strategically develop a simple, facile and spontaneous fabrication method of the HTL at the perovskite/electrode interface by dynamic self-assembly (DSA) of small molecules during perovskite crystallization. Different from the traditional layer-by-layer approach, this DSA strategy involves a bilateral movement of self-assembled molecules (SAMs) from perovskite solution, realizing simultaneous fabrication of the HTL and perovskite surface passivation. We design a multifunctional molecule, (4-(7H-benzo[c]carbazol-7-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid (BCB-C4PA), for the DSA process, to optimize both self-assembly ability and interfacial energy alignment. Benefitting from this unconventional DSA approach and BCB-C4PA, a champion PCE of 22.2% is achieved along with remarkable long-term environmental stability for over 2750 h, which is among the highest reported efficiencies for SAM-based PSCs. This investigation provides a creative, unique and effective molecular approach for preparing reliable charge transport layers, opening up new avenues for the further development of efficient interfacial contacts for PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanhai Wang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Kun Wei
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Li Yang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Jidong Deng
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Jinbao Zhang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China.
| | - Weihua Tang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
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Truong MA, Funasaki T, Ueberricke L, Nojo W, Murdey R, Yamada T, Hu S, Akatsuka A, Sekiguchi N, Hira S, Xie L, Nakamura T, Shioya N, Kan D, Tsuji Y, Iikubo S, Yoshida H, Shimakawa Y, Hasegawa T, Kanemitsu Y, Suzuki T, Wakamiya A. Tripodal Triazatruxene Derivative as a Face-On Oriented Hole-Collecting Monolayer for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7528-7539. [PMID: 36947735 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Hole-collecting monolayers have drawn attention in perovskite solar cell research due to their ease of processing, high performance, and good durability. Since molecules in the hole-collecting monolayer are typically composed of functionalized π-conjugated structures, hole extraction is expected to be more efficient when the π-cores are oriented face-on with respect to the adjacent surfaces. However, strategies for reliably controlling the molecular orientation in monolayers remain elusive. In this work, multiple phosphonic acid anchoring groups were used to control the molecular orientation of a series of triazatruxene derivatives chemisorbed on a transparent conducting oxide electrode surface. Using infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy and metastable atom electron spectroscopy, we found that multipodal derivatives align face-on to the electrode surface, while the monopodal counterpart adopts a more tilted configuration. The face-on orientation was found to facilitate hole extraction, leading to inverted perovskite solar cells with enhanced stability and high-power conversion efficiencies up to 23.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Anh Truong
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Funasaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Lucas Ueberricke
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Wataru Nojo
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Richard Murdey
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takumi Yamada
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shuaifeng Hu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Aruto Akatsuka
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Naomu Sekiguchi
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Shota Hira
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Lingling Xie
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nakamura
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shioya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuta Tsuji
- Department of Advanced Analytical Science for Materials and Devices, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iikubo
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yoshida
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shimakawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hasegawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kanemitsu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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46
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Saeedifard F, Naeem Y, Boni YT, Chang YC, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Kippelen B, Barlow S, Davies HML, Marder SR. Dirhodium C-H Functionalization of Hole-Transport Materials. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4309-4316. [PMID: 36921217 PMCID: PMC10088024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Hole-transport materials (HTMs) based on triarylamine derivatives play important roles in organic electronics applications including organic light-emitting diodes and perovskite solar cells. For some applications, triarylamine derivatives bearing appropriate binding groups have been used to functionalize surfaces, while others have been incorporated as side chains into polymers to manipulate the processibility of HTMs for device applications. However, only a few approaches have been used to incorporate a single surface-binding group or polymerizable group into triarylamine materials. Here, we report that Rh-carbenoid chemistry can be used to insert carboxylic esters and norbornene functional groups into sp2 C-H bonds of a simple triarylamine and a 4,4'-bis(diarylamino)biphenyl, respectively. The norbenene-functionalized monomer was polymerized by ring-opening metathesis; the electrochemical, optical, and charge-transport properties of these materials were similar to those of related materials synthesized by conventional means. This method potentially offers straightforward access to a diverse range of HTMs with different functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Saeedifard
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Yasir Naeem
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yannick T Boni
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yi-Chien Chang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Junxiang Zhang
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Yadong Zhang
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Bernard Kippelen
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Stephen Barlow
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Huw M L Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Seth R Marder
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States.,Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
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47
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Yu X, Gao D, Li Z, Sun X, Li B, Zhu Z, Li Z. Green-solvent Processable Dopant-free Hole Transporting Materials for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218752. [PMID: 36648451 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) urgently requires the development of green-solvent processable dopant-free hole transporting materials (HTMs). However, strong intermolecular interactions that ensure high hole mobility always compromise the solubility and film-forming ability in green solvents. Herein, we show a simple but effective design strategy to solve this trade-off, that is, constructing star-shaped D-A-D structure. The resulting HTMs (BTP1-2) can be processed by green solvent of 2-methylanisole (2MA), a kind of food additive, and show high hole mobility and multiple defect passivation effects. An impressive efficiency of 24.34 % has been achieved for 2MA-processed BTP1 based inverted PVSCs, the highest value for green-solvent processable HTMs so far. Moreover, it is manifested that the charge separation of D-A type HTMs at the photoinduced excited state can help to passivate the defects of perovskites, indicating a new HTM design insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- XinYu Yu
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Danpeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Xianglang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Zhong'an Li
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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48
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Zhang Z, Wang C, Li F, Liang L, Huang L, Chen L, Ni Y, Gao P, Wu H. Bifunctional Cellulose Interlayer Enabled Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with Simultaneously Enhanced Efficiency and Stability. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207202. [PMID: 36748279 PMCID: PMC10015901 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial engineering is a vital strategy to enable high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To develop efficient, low-cost, and green biomass interfacial materials, here, a bifunctional cellulose derivative is presented, 6-O-[4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl]-2,3-di-O-methyl cellulose (C-Cz), with numerous methoxy groups on the backbone and redox-active carbazole units as side chains. The bifunctional C-Cz shows excellent energy level alignment, good thermal stability and strong interactions with the perovskite surface, all of which are critical for not only carrier transportation but also potential defects passivation. Consequently, with C-Cz as the interfacial modifier, the PSCs achieve a remarkably enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.02%, along with significantly enhanced long-term stability. These results underscore the advantages of bifunctional cellulose materials as interfacial layers with effective charge transport properties and strong passivation capability for efficient and stable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Zhang
- College of Material Engineering, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional MaterialsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences350002FuzhouP. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional MaterialsXiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsChinese Academy of Sciences361021XiamenP. R. China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional MaterialsXiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsChinese Academy of Sciences361021XiamenP. R. China
| | - Can Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences350002FuzhouP. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional MaterialsXiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsChinese Academy of Sciences361021XiamenP. R. China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional MaterialsXiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsChinese Academy of Sciences361021XiamenP. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences100049BeijingP. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences350002FuzhouP. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional MaterialsXiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsChinese Academy of Sciences361021XiamenP. R. China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional MaterialsXiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsChinese Academy of Sciences361021XiamenP. R. China
| | - Lusheng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences350002FuzhouP. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional MaterialsXiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsChinese Academy of Sciences361021XiamenP. R. China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional MaterialsXiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsChinese Academy of Sciences361021XiamenP. R. China
| | - Liulian Huang
- College of Material Engineering, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional MaterialsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
| | - Lihui Chen
- College of Material Engineering, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional MaterialsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
| | - Yonghao Ni
- College of Material Engineering, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional MaterialsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
- Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New BrunswickNBE3B 5A3FrederictonCanada
| | - Peng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences350002FuzhouP. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional MaterialsXiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsChinese Academy of Sciences361021XiamenP. R. China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional MaterialsXiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsChinese Academy of Sciences361021XiamenP. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences100049BeijingP. R. China
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Material Engineering, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional MaterialsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
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Zhang C, Liao Q, Chen J, Li B, Xu C, Wei K, Du G, Wang Y, Liu D, Deng J, Luo Z, Pang S, Yang Y, Li J, Yang L, Guo X, Zhang J. Thermally Crosslinked Hole Conductor Enables Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with 23.9% Efficiency. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209422. [PMID: 36515434 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA) represents the state-of-the-art hole transport material (HTM) in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, unsatisfied surface properties of PTAA and high energy disorder in the bulk film hinder the further enhancement of device performance. Herein, a simple small molecule 10-(4-(3,6-dimethoxy-9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)-3,7-bis(4-vinylphenyl)-10H-phenoxazine (MCz-VPOZ) is strategically developed for in situ fabrication of polymer hole conductor (CL-MCz) via a facile and low-temperature cross-linking technology. The resulting polymer CL-MCz offers high energy ordering and improved electrical conductivity, as well as appropriate energy-level alignment, enabling efficient charge carrier collection in the devices. Meanwhile, CL-MCz synchronously provides satisfied surface wettability and interfacial functionalization, facilitating the formation of high-quality perovskite films with fewer bulk iodine vacancies and suppressed carrier recombination. Significantly, the device with CL-MCz yields a champion efficiency of 23.9% along with an extremely low energy loss down to 0.41 eV, which represents the highest reported efficiency for non-PTAA-based polymer HTMs in inverted PSCs. Furthermore, the corresponding unencapsulated devices exhibit competitive shelf-life stability under various operational stressors up to 2500 h, reflecting high promises of CL-MCz in the scalable PSC application. This work underscores the promising potential of the cross-linking approach in preparing low-cost, stable, and efficient polymer HTMs toward reliable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Zhang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Qiaogan Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jinyu Chen
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic and Information Engineering & The International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Bolin Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chaoying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Kun Wei
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Guozheng Du
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Now at Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Dachang Liu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Jidong Deng
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhide Luo
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shuping Pang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Ye Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jingrui Li
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic and Information Engineering & The International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jinbao Zhang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
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Zhang Z, Fu J, Chen Q, Zhang J, Huang Z, Cao J, Ji W, Zhang L, Wang A, Zhou Y, Dong B, Song B. Dopant-Free Polymer Hole Transport Materials for Highly Stable and Efficient CsPbI 3 Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206952. [PMID: 36541718 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
All-inorganic perovskite CsPbI3 contains no volatile organic components and is a thermally stable photoactive material for wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs); however, CsPbI3 readily undergoes undesirable phase transitions due to the hygroscopic nature of the ionic dopants used in commonly used hole transport materials. In the current study, the popular donor material PM6 in organic solar cells is used as a hole transport layer (HTL). The benzodithiophene-based backbone-conjugated polymer requires no dopant and leads to a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) than 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD). Moreover, PM6 also shows priorities in hole mobility, hydrophobicity, cascade energy level alignment, and even defect passivation of perovskite films. With PM6 as the dopant-free HTL, the PSCs achieve a champion PCE of 18.27% with a competitive fill factor of 82.8%. Notably, the present PCE is based on the dopant-free HTL in CsPbI3 PSCs reported thus far. The PSCs with PM6 as the HTL retain over 90% of the initial PCE stored in a glovebox filled with N2 for 3000 h. In contrast, the PSCs with Spiro-OMeTAD as the HTL maintain ≈80% of the initial PCE under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelong Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jianfei Fu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qiaoyun Chen
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhezhi Huang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ji Cao
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wenxi Ji
- Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Longgui Zhang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Ailian Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Bo Song
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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