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Moriwaki M, Liu L, James ER, Tolley N, O'Connora AM, Emery B, Aston KI, Campbell RA, Welt CK. Heterozygous Eif4nif1 Stop Gain Mice Replicate the Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Phenotype in Women. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.09.588694. [PMID: 38645151 PMCID: PMC11030307 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.09.588694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
We created the c.1286C>G stop-gain mutation found in a family with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) at age 30 years. The Eif4enif1 C57/Bl6 transgenic mouse model contained a floxed exon 10-19 cassette with a conditional knock-in cassette containing the c.1286C>G stop-gain mutation in exon 10. The hybrid offspring of CMV- Cre mice with Eif4enif1 WT/flx mice were designated Eif4enif1 WT/ Δ for simplicity. A subset of female heterozygotes ( Eif4enif1 WT/ Δ ) had no litters. In those with litters, the final litter was earlier (5.4±2.6 vs. 10.5±0.7 months; p=0.02). Heterozygous breeding pair ( Eif4enif1 WT/ Δ x Eif4enif1 WT/ Δ ) litter size was 60% of WT litter size (3.9±2.0 vs. 6.5±3.0 pups/litter; p <0.001). The genotypes were 35% Eif4enif1 WT/flx and 65% Eif4enif1 WT/ Δ , with no homozygotes. Homozygote embryos did not develop beyond the 4-8 cell stage. The number of follicles in ovaries from Eif4enif1 WT/ Δ mice was lower starting at the primordial (499±290 vs. 1445±381) and primary follicle stage (1069±346 vs. 1450±193) on day 10 (p<0.05). The preantral follicle number was lower starting on day 21 (213±86 vs. 522±227; p<0.01). Examination of ribosome protected mRNAs (RPR) demonstrated altered mRNA expression. The Eif4enif1 stop-gain mice replicate the POI phenotype in women. The unique mouse model provides a platform to study regulation of protein translation across oocyte and embryo development in mammals.
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Shi Y, Zhu N, Qiu Y, Tan J, Wang F, Qin L, Dai A. Resistin-like molecules: a marker, mediator and therapeutic target for multiple diseases. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:18. [PMID: 36691020 PMCID: PMC9869618 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01032-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistin-like molecules (RELMs) are highly cysteine-rich proteins, including RELMα, RELMβ, Resistin, and RELMγ. However, RELMs exhibit significant differences in structure, distribution, and function. The expression of RELMs is regulated by various signaling molecules, such as IL-4, IL-13, and their receptors. In addition, RELMs can mediate numerous signaling pathways, including HMGB1/RAGE, IL-4/IL-4Rα, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways, and so on. RELMs proteins are involved in wide range of physiological and pathological processes, including inflammatory response, cell proliferation, glucose metabolism, barrier defense, etc., and participate in the progression of numerous diseases such as lung diseases, intestinal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Meanwhile, RELMs can serve as biomarkers, risk predictors, and therapeutic targets for these diseases. An in-depth understanding of the role of RELMs may provide novel targets or strategies for the treatment and prevention of related diseases. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Shi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410021, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Qiu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Junlan Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Feiying Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Li Qin
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
| | - Aiguo Dai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410021, Hunan, China.
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Ignacio A, Shah K, Bernier-Latmani J, Köller Y, Coakley G, Moyat M, Hamelin R, Armand F, Wong NC, Ramay H, Thomson CA, Burkhard R, Wang H, Dufour A, Geuking MB, McDonald B, Petrova TV, Harris NL, McCoy KD. Small intestinal resident eosinophils maintain gut homeostasis following microbial colonization. Immunity 2022; 55:1250-1267.e12. [PMID: 35709757 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The intestine harbors a large population of resident eosinophils, yet the function of intestinal eosinophils has not been explored. Flow cytometry and whole-mount imaging identified eosinophils residing in the lamina propria along the length of the intestine prior to postnatal microbial colonization. Microscopy, transcriptomic analysis, and mass spectrometry of intestinal tissue revealed villus blunting, altered extracellular matrix, decreased epithelial cell turnover, increased gastrointestinal motility, and decreased lipid absorption in eosinophil-deficient mice. Mechanistically, intestinal epithelial cells released IL-33 in a microbiota-dependent manner, which led to eosinophil activation. The colonization of germ-free mice demonstrated that eosinophil activation in response to microbes regulated villous size alterations, macrophage maturation, epithelial barrier integrity, and intestinal transit. Collectively, our findings demonstrate a critical role for eosinophils in facilitating the mutualistic interactions between the host and microbiota and provide a rationale for the functional significance of their early life recruitment in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ignacio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Kathleen Shah
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Jeremiah Bernier-Latmani
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Chemin des Boveresses 155, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Yasmin Köller
- Maurice Müller Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Research, Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin Inselspital, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gillian Coakley
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mati Moyat
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Romain Hamelin
- Proteomics Core Facility, Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Armand
- Proteomics Core Facility, Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nick C Wong
- Monash Bioinformatics Platform, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Hena Ramay
- International Microbiome Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Carolyn A Thomson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Regula Burkhard
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute of Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Haozhe Wang
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Markus B Geuking
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute of Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Braedon McDonald
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4A1, Canada
| | - Tatiana V Petrova
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Chemin des Boveresses 155, Epalinges, Switzerland; Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Route Cantonale, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicola L Harris
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Ribitsch I, Bileck A, Egerbacher M, Gabner S, Mayer RL, Janker L, Gerner C, Jenner F. Fetal Immunomodulatory Environment Following Cartilage Injury-The Key to CARTILAGE Regeneration? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312969. [PMID: 34884768 PMCID: PMC8657887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal cartilage fully regenerates following injury, while in adult mammals cartilage injury leads to osteoarthritis (OA). Thus, in this study, we compared the in vivo injury response of fetal and adult ovine articular cartilage histologically and proteomically to identify key factors of fetal regeneration. In addition, we compared the secretome of fetal ovine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro with injured fetal cartilage to identify potential MSC-derived therapeutic factors. Cartilage injury caused massive cellular changes in the synovial membrane, with macrophages dominating the fetal, and neutrophils the adult, synovial cellular infiltrate. Correspondingly, proteomics revealed differential regulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators and growth-factors between adult and fetal joints. Neutrophil-related proteins and acute phase proteins were the two major upregulated protein groups in adult compared to fetal cartilage following injury. In contrast, several immunomodulating proteins and growth factors were expressed significantly higher in the fetus than the adult. Comparison of the in vitro MSCs proteome with the in vivo fetal regenerative signature revealed shared upregulation of 17 proteins, suggesting their therapeutic potential. Biomimicry of the fetal paracrine signature to reprogram macrophages and modulate inflammation could be an important future research direction for developing novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Ribitsch
- VETERM, Equine Surgery Unit, Department of Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Andrea Bileck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (R.L.M.); (L.J.)
| | - Monika Egerbacher
- Administrative Unit Veterinary Medicine, UMIT—Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology GmbH, 6060 Hall in Tirol, Austria;
| | - Simone Gabner
- Histology & Embryology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Rupert L. Mayer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (R.L.M.); (L.J.)
| | - Lukas Janker
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (R.L.M.); (L.J.)
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (R.L.M.); (L.J.)
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (F.J.)
| | - Florien Jenner
- VETERM, Equine Surgery Unit, Department of Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (F.J.)
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Zhou Y, Qiao Y, Adcock IM, Zhou J, Yao X. FIZZ2 as a Biomarker for Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Lung 2021; 199:629-638. [PMID: 34677666 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-021-00483-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Found in inflammatory zone 2 (FIZZ2) is associated with lung inflammation. The aim of the study was to investigate the expression and utility of FIZZ2 as a marker for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of FIZZ2 in COPD. The serum concentration of FIZZ2 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the episodes of acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) in the following year were recorded. RESULTS FIZZ2 expression was elevated in bronchial epithelial cells (0.217 ± 0.021 vs 0.099 ± 0.010, p < 0.0001) and negatively correlated with the pulmonary function (FEV1/FVC%) (p = 0.0149) and positively correlated with the smoking index (p = 0.0241). Serum level of FIZZ2 in COPD were significantly higher than that in healthy controls (561.6 ± 70.71 vs 52.24 ± 20.52 pg/ml, p < 0.0001) and increased with the COPD severity. Serum levels of FIZZ2 negatively correlated with the pulmonary function [Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1), FEV1%, FEV1/FVC) (r = - 0.3086, - 0.3529, - 0.3343, and - 0.2676, respectively, p = 0.0003, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p = 0.0014). The expression of human serum FIZZ2 was positively correlated with the smoking index (r = 0.2749, p = 0.0015). There was a positive correlation between the FIZZ2 concentration and the frequency of AECOPD episodes in the following year (r = 0.7291, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION FIZZ2 expression was elevated in patients with COPD and its serum concentration might be a potential biomarker for AECOPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Gulou Group Anqing Petrochemical Hospital, 11 Shihua First Road, Anqing, 246002, China
| | - Yingying Qiao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China.
| | - Xin Yao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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6
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Deb A, Deshmukh B, Ramteke P, Bhati FK, Bhat MK. Resistin: A journey from metabolism to cancer. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101178. [PMID: 34293684 PMCID: PMC8319804 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistin levels have been associated with several pathological disorders such as metabolic disorders, cancers etc. Resistin exists in three isoforms namely RELM-α, β and γ. High resistin level activates inflammatory pathways, promotes metabolic disorders and is associated with carcinogenesis. Increase in the resistin level impairs the therapeutic response by inducing stemness or resistance, in cancer cells. Conventional drugs which alter resistin level could have therapeutic implications in several pathological disorders.
Resistin, a small secretory molecule, has been implicated to play an important role in the development of insulin resistance under obese condition. For the past few decades, it has been linked to various cellular and metabolic functions. It has been associated with diseases like metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Numerous clinical studies have indicated an increased serum resistin level in pathological disorders which have been reported to increase mortality rate in comparison to low resistin expressing subjects. Various molecular studies suggest resistin plays a pivotal role in proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, inflammation as well as in regulating metabolism in cancer cells. Therefore, understanding the role of resistin and elucidating its’ associated molecular mechanism will give a better insight into the management of these disorders. In this article, we summarize the diverse roles of resistin in pathological disorders based on the available literature, clinicopathological data, and a compiled study from various databases. The article mainly provides comprehensive information of its role as a target in different treatment modalities in pre as well as post-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Deb
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Bhavana Deshmukh
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Pranay Ramteke
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Firoz Khan Bhati
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Bhat
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India.
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7
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Meizlish ML, Pine AB, Bishai JD, Goshua G, Nadelmann ER, Simonov M, Chang CH, Zhang H, Shallow M, Bahel P, Owusu K, Yamamoto Y, Arora T, Atri DS, Patel A, Gbyli R, Kwan J, Won CH, Dela Cruz C, Price C, Koff J, King BA, Rinder HM, Wilson FP, Hwa J, Halene S, Damsky W, van Dijk D, Lee AI, Chun HJ. A neutrophil activation signature predicts critical illness and mortality in COVID-19. Blood Adv 2021; 5:1164-1177. [PMID: 33635335 PMCID: PMC7908851 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathologic immune hyperactivation is emerging as a key feature of critical illness in COVID-19, but the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. We carried out proteomic profiling of plasma from cross-sectional and longitudinal cohorts of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and analyzed clinical data from our health system database of more than 3300 patients. Using a machine learning algorithm, we identified a prominent signature of neutrophil activation, including resistin, lipocalin-2, hepatocyte growth factor, interleukin-8, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, which were the strongest predictors of critical illness. Evidence of neutrophil activation was present on the first day of hospitalization in patients who would only later require transfer to the intensive care unit, thus preceding the onset of critical illness and predicting increased mortality. In the health system database, early elevations in developing and mature neutrophil counts also predicted higher mortality rates. Altogether, these data suggest a central role for neutrophil activation in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 and identify molecular markers that distinguish patients at risk of future clinical decompensation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jason D Bishai
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - George Goshua
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | - Michael Simonov
- Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Dermatology, and
| | - C-Hong Chang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Hanming Zhang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Marcus Shallow
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Parveen Bahel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Kent Owusu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yale New Haven Health System, New Haven, CT
| | - Yu Yamamoto
- Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Tanima Arora
- Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Deepak S Atri
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and
| | - Amisha Patel
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Rana Gbyli
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Jennifer Kwan
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Christine H Won
- Section of Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Charles Dela Cruz
- Section of Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Christina Price
- Section of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jonathan Koff
- Section of Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Brett A King
- Section of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Henry M Rinder
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - F Perry Wilson
- Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - John Hwa
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | | | | | - David van Dijk
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Alfred I Lee
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Hyung J Chun
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
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8
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Meizlish ML, Pine AB, Bishai JD, Goshua G, Nadelmann ER, Simonov M, Chang CH, Zhang H, Shallow M, Bahel P, Owusu K, Yamamoto Y, Arora T, Atri DS, Patel A, Gbyli R, Kwan J, Won CH, Dela Cruz C, Price C, Koff J, King BA, Rinder HM, Wilson FP, Hwa J, Halene S, Damsky W, van Dijk D, Lee AI, Chun H. A neutrophil activation signature predicts critical illness and mortality in COVID-19. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2020. [PMID: 32908988 DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.01.20183897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pathologic immune hyperactivation is emerging as a key feature of critical illness in COVID-19, but the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. We carried out proteomic profiling of plasma from cross-sectional and longitudinal cohorts of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and analyzed clinical data from our health system database of over 3,300 patients. Using a machine learning algorithm, we identified a prominent signature of neutrophil activation, including resistin, lipocalin-2, HGF, IL-8, and G-CSF, as the strongest predictors of critical illness. Neutrophil activation was present on the first day of hospitalization in patients who would only later require transfer to the intensive care unit, thus preceding the onset of critical illness and predicting increased mortality. In the health system database, early elevations in developing and mature neutrophil counts also predicted higher mortality rates. Altogether, we define an essential role for neutrophil activation in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 and identify molecular neutrophil markers that distinguish patients at risk of future clinical decompensation.
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9
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Lin Q, Johns RA. Resistin family proteins in pulmonary diseases. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L422-L434. [PMID: 32692581 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00040.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of resistin-like molecules (RELMs) consists of four members in rodents (RELMα/FIZZ1/HIMF, RELMβ/FIZZ2, Resistin/FIZZ3, and RELMγ/FIZZ4) and two members in humans (Resistin and RELMβ), all of which exhibit inflammation-regulating, chemokine, and growth factor properties. The importance of these cytokines in many aspects of physiology and pathophysiology, especially in cardiothoracic diseases, is rapidly evolving in the literature. In this review article, we attempt to summarize the contribution of RELM signaling to the initiation and progression of lung diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension, asthma/allergic airway inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, fibrosis, cancers, infection, and other acute lung injuries. The potential of RELMs to be used as biomarkers or risk predictors of these diseases also will be discussed. Better understanding of RELM signaling in the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases may offer novel targets or approaches for the development of therapeutics to treat or prevent a variety of inflammation, tissue remodeling, and fibrosis-related disorders in respiratory, cardiovascular, and other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Roger A Johns
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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10
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Coakley G, Harris NL. Interactions between macrophages and helminths. Parasite Immunol 2020; 42:e12717. [PMID: 32249432 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages, the major population of tissue-resident mononuclear phagocytes, contribute significantly to the immune response during helminth infection. Alternatively activated macrophages (AAM) are induced early in the anti-helminth response following tissue insult and parasite recognition, amplifying the early type 2 immune cascade initiated by epithelial cells and ILC2s, and subsequently driving parasite expulsion. AAM also contribute to functional alterations in tissues infiltrated with helminth larvae, mediating both tissue repair and inflammation. Their activation is amplified and occurs more rapidly following reinfection, where they can play a dual role in trapping tissue migratory larvae and preventing or resolving the associated inflammation and damage. In this review, we will address both the known and emerging roles of tissue macrophages during helminth infection, in addition to considering both outstanding research questions and new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Coakley
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, The Alfred Centre The Alfred Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicola Laraine Harris
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, The Alfred Centre The Alfred Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Ji JJ, Fan J. Discovering myeloid cell heterogeneity in the lung by means of next generation sequencing. Mil Med Res 2019; 6:33. [PMID: 31651369 PMCID: PMC6814050 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-019-0222-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The lung plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis, as it is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Pulmonary homeostasis is maintained by a network of tissue-resident cells, including epithelial cells, endothelial cells and leukocytes. Myeloid cells of the innate immune system and epithelial cells form a critical barrier in the lung. Recently developed unbiased next generation sequencing (NGS) has revealed cell heterogeneity in the lung with respect to physiology and pathology and has reshaped our knowledge. New phenotypes and distinct gene signatures have been identified, and these new findings enhance the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases. Here, we present a review of the new NGS findings on myeloid cells in lung development, homeostasis, and lung diseases, including acute lung injury (ALI), lung fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Ji
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, 15240, USA. .,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
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12
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Bassaro L, Russell SJ, Pastwa E, Somiari SA, Somiari RI. Screening for Multiple Autoantibodies in Plasma of Patients with Breast Cancer. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 14:427-435. [PMID: 29109092 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Autoantibodies have potential as circulating biomarkers for early cancer detection. This study aimed to screen for known autoantibodies in human plasma using an Autoantibody Profiling System (APS) and quantify the levels in plasma of donors with/without breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasma from nine female donors diagnosed with breast cancer (test group) and nine matched donors with no personal history of cancer (reference group) were screened with an APS containing probes for 30 autoantibodies. Autoantibody levels ≥1.5 times the mean concentration of the group were considered elevated, and test/reference ratios ≥1.3 were considered higher in the test group compared to the reference group. RESULTS Twenty percent of the probes detected elevated levels of autoantibodies against proteins involved in different cancer mechanisms. Amongst these, the levels of autoantibodies against interleukin 29 (IL29), osteoprotegerin (OPG), survivin (SUR), growth hormone (GRH) and resistin (RES) were significantly higher in the cancer group compared to the reference group (p<0.05), whereas the level of autoantibody against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA4) was not significantly different between the two groups (p=0.38). CONCLUSION Disease-relevant autoantibodies were detected in the plasma of patients with breast cancer and donors without breast cancer. This means that identifying the type and level of autoantibodies in samples will be important in determining their significance in the disease process. A microtiter plate-based array system could be a fast and inexpensive screening method for identifying and quantifying autoantibodies in human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Bassaro
- Functional Genomics & Proteomics Unit, ITSI-Biosciences, Johnstown, PA, U.S.A
| | - Stephen J Russell
- Functional Genomics & Proteomics Unit, ITSI-Biosciences, Johnstown, PA, U.S.A
| | - Elzbieta Pastwa
- Functional Genomics & Proteomics Unit, ITSI-Biosciences, Johnstown, PA, U.S.A
| | - Stella A Somiari
- Biobanking & Biospecimen Science Research Unit, Windber Research Institute, Windber, PA, U.S.A
| | - Richard I Somiari
- Functional Genomics & Proteomics Unit, ITSI-Biosciences, Johnstown, PA, U.S.A.
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13
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Shyamsunder P, Sankar H, Mayakonda A, Han L, Nordin HBM, Woon TW, Shanmugasundaram M, Dakle P, Madan V, Koeffler HP. CARD10, a CEBPE target involved in granulocytic differentiation. Haematologica 2018; 103:1269-1277. [PMID: 29773596 PMCID: PMC6068032 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.190280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Maturation of granulocytes is dependent on controlled gene expression by myeloid lineage restricted transcription factors. CEBPE is one of the essential transcription factors required for granulocytic differentiation. Identification of downstream targets of CEBPE is vital to understand better its role in terminal granulopoiesis. In this study, we have identified Card10 as a novel target of CEBPE. We show that CEBPE binds to regulatory elements upstream of the murine Card10 locus, and expression of CARD10 is significantly reduced in Cebpe knock-out mice. Silencing Card10 in a human cell line and in murine primary cells impaired granulopoiesis, affecting expression of genes involved in myeloid cell development and function. Taken together, our data demonstrate for the first time that Card10 is expressed in granulocytes and is a direct target of CEBPE with functions extending to myeloid differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavithra Shyamsunder
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haresh Sankar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anand Mayakonda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lin Han
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | | | - Teoh Weoi Woon
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Pushkar Dakle
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vikas Madan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - H Phillip Koeffler
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore (NCIS), National University Hospital, Singapore
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14
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Ghaffari MA, Mousavinejad E, Riahi F, Mousavinejad M, Afsharmanesh MR. Increased Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Resistin, and Visfatin in the Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Case-Control Study. Neurol Res Int 2016; 2016:9060751. [PMID: 28018676 PMCID: PMC5149679 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9060751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are complex disorders where the pathogenesis is not fully understood. Several proinflammatory and immunoinflammatory disturbances have been observed in the etiology of ASD. There is, however, limited knowledge on variations of adipokines in ASD. The present study aimed to analyze the serum levels of resistin, visfatin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in children with ASD in relation to body weight, gender, and ASD severity level. Method. In total, 30 children with ASD (mean age: 7.72 ± 2.65 y; range; 4-12 y) and 30 healthy children (mean age: 8.4 ± 2.66 y; range: 4-12 y), including males and females, were matched for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). Serum samples were collected, and visfatin, resistin, and TNF-α serum levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Result. Serum visfatin, resistin, and TNF-α levels in children with ASD were significantly higher than that in the healthy patients (p < 0.05). Two significant correlations were found: a correlation between resistin and visfatin with TNF-α in children with ASD (R = 0.8 and R = 0.62, resp.) and a correlation between resistin and visfatin in children with ASD (R = 0.66). Conclusion. Higher TNF-α, resistin, and visfatin levels were found in children with ASD in comparison with controls, suggesting that elevated levels of serum proinflammatory agents may be implicated in the pathophysiology of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Ghaffari
- Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Mousavinejad
- Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Forough Riahi
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Mousavinejad
- Centre for Stem Cell Biology (CSCB), Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mohammad Reza Afsharmanesh
- Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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15
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Fan C, Meuchel LW, Su Q, Angelini DJ, Zhang A, Cheadle C, Kolosova I, Makarevich OD, Yamaji-Kegan K, Rothenberg ME, Johns RA. Resistin-Like Molecule α in Allergen-Induced Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 53:303-13. [PMID: 25569618 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0322oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistin-like molecule α (RELMα) has mitogenic, angiogenic, vasoconstrictive, and chemokine-like properties and is highly relevant in lung pathology. Here, we used RELMα knockout (Retnla(-/-)) mice to investigate the role of RELMα in pulmonary vascular remodeling after intermittent ovalbumin (OVA) challenge. We compared saline- and OVA-exposed wild-type (WT) mice and found that OVA induced significant increases in right ventricular systolic pressure, cardiac hypertrophy, pulmonary vascular remodeling of intra-alveolar arteries, goblet cell hyperplasia in airway epithelium, and intensive lung inflammation, especially perivascular inflammation. Genetic ablation of Retnla prevented the OVA-induced increase in pulmonary pressure and cardiac hypertrophy seen in WT mice. Histological analysis showed that Retnla(-/-) mice exhibited less vessel muscularization, less perivascular inflammation, reduced medial thickness of intra-alveolar vessels, and fewer goblet cells in upper airway epithelium (250-600 μm) than did WT animals after OVA challenge. Gene expression profiles showed that genes associated with vascular remodeling, including those related to muscle protein, contractile fibers, and actin cytoskeleton, were expressed at a lower level in OVA-challenged Retnla(-/-) mice than in similarly treated WT mice. In addition, bronchoalveolar lavage from OVA-challenged Retnla(-/-) mice had lower levels of cytokines, such as IL-1β, -1 receptor antagonist, and -16, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1, -2, -9, -10, and -13, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor-1, and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1, than did that from WT mice when analyzed by cytokine array dot blots. Retnla knockout inhibited the OVA-induced T helper 17 response but not the T helper 2 response. Altogether, our results suggest that RELMα is involved in immune response-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and the associated increase in inflammation typically observed after OVA challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunling Fan
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Lucas W Meuchel
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Qingning Su
- 2 School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Ailan Zhang
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Chris Cheadle
- 3 Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Irina Kolosova
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and
| | | | | | - Marc E Rothenberg
- 5 Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Roger A Johns
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and
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16
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Wang F, Gao J, Malisani A, Xi X, Han W, Wan X. Mouse Resistin (mRetn): cloning, expression and purification in Escherichia coli and the potential regulative effects on murine bone marrow hematopoiesis. BMC Biotechnol 2015; 15:105. [PMID: 26572487 PMCID: PMC4647653 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-015-0221-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resistin (Retn) is a cytokine which has a controversial physiological role regarding its involvement with obesity and type II diabetes mellitus. Recently, murine Retn was found to be a possibly potential regulator of hematopoiesis in mice shown in the screening results of a set of gene chips which mapped the expression level of murine genes during regeneration of impaired bone marrow (BM) by 5-fluorouracil. Results Recombinant mice Retn was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using ion exchange chromatography. Totally 11.4 mg rmRetn was obtained from 500 ml culture with endotoxin level less than 1.0 EU/ug. The purity of recombinant murine Resistin reached to at least 97.6 % via SDS-PAGE analysis and HPLC. The protein possessed chemotaxis effects in the mouse aortic endothelial cells in vitro in transwell analysis. In vitro, rmRetn could up regulate the CFU number of mice BM and after rmRetn was administered, the cell number of murine bone marrow was significantly increased in vivo after chemotherapy. Finally, rmRetn was found able to protect mice from the chemotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil. Conclusions The discovery demonstrated a new function of murine Retn and suggested that it could potentially accelerate bone marrow regeneration post chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Wang
- The Center of Research Laboratory, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Jin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China. .,College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99202, USA.
| | - Alyssa Malisani
- College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99202, USA. .,College of Arts and Sciences, Gonzaga University, Spokane, 99258, USA.
| | - Xiaowei Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Wei Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Xiaoping Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, No.536, Changle Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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17
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Abstract
Resistin (encoded by Retn) was previously identified in rodents as a hormone associated with diabetes; however human resistin is instead linked to inflammation. Resistin is a member of a small gene family that includes the resistin-like peptides (encoded by Retnl genes) in mammals. Genomic searches of available genome sequences of diverse vertebrates and phylogenetic analyses were conducted to determine the size and origin of the resistin-like gene family. Genes encoding peptides similar to resistin were found in Mammalia, Sauria, Amphibia, and Actinistia (coelacanth, a lobe-finned fish), but not in Aves or fish from Actinopterygii, Chondrichthyes, or Agnatha. Retnl originated by duplication and transposition from Retn on the early mammalian lineage after divergence of the platypus, but before the placental and marsupial mammal divergence. The resistin-like gene family illustrates an instance where the locus of origin of duplicated genes can be identified, with Retn continuing to reside at this location. Mammalian species typically have a single copy Retn gene, but are much more variable in their numbers of Retnl genes, ranging from 0 to 9. Since Retn is located at the locus of origin, thus likely retained the ancestral expression pattern, largely maintained its copy number, and did not display accelerated evolution, we suggest that it is more likely to have maintained an ancestral function, while Retnl, which transposed to a new location, displays accelerated evolution, and shows greater variability in gene number, including gene loss, likely evolved new, but potentially lineage-specific, functions.
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18
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Gaviria-Agudelo C, Carter K, Tareen N, Pascual V, Copley LA. Gene expression analysis of children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: correlation with clinical severity of illness. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103523. [PMID: 25076205 PMCID: PMC4116206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) demonstrate a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from mild to severe. Several advances have been achieved in the study of host immune response to acute invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections through gene expression analysis. However, previous research has neither attempted to evaluate the response of children with AHO specific to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nor to correlate gene expression with clinical phenotype. Study objective was to correlate gene expression of children with AHO due to MRSA with clinical severity of illness. Whole blood samples were obtained in Tempus tubes from 12 children with osteomyelitis once cultures obtained directly from the site of infection confirmed to be positive for MRSA. Using an Illumina platform and a systems-wide modular analysis, microarray findings from ten of these children were compared to that of nine healthy (age, ethnicity and gender) matched controls and correlated with clinical severity of illness. Children with AHO from MRSA demonstrated over-expression of innate immunity with respect to neutrophil activity, coagulation, inflammatory response, and erythrocyte development. Concurrently, these children demonstrated under-expression of adaptive immunity with respect to lymphocyte activation and activity of T-cell, cytotoxic or NK cell, and B-cell lines. Three over-expressed genes, P2RX1, SORT1, and RETN, and two under-expressed genes, LOC641788 and STAT 4, were significantly correlated with severity of illness. STAT 4 showed the strongest correlation (R2 = –0.83). STAT4 downregulation could potentially explain under-expression of genes related to adaptive immunity in this cohort of patients with AHO. This study identified specific genes which correspond to disease severity during the early hospitalization of children with AHO from MRSA. Pattern recognition of this combination of genes could help to identify in the future severe clinical phenotypes before the disease is fully manifest and direct appropriate attention and resources to those children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Gaviria-Agudelo
- Department of Pediatrics Infectious Disease, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristen Carter
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Naureen Tareen
- Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Virginia Pascual
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Scottish Rite Hospital, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lawson A. Copley
- Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Scottish Rite Hospital, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
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19
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Kushiyama A, Sakoda H, Oue N, Okubo M, Nakatsu Y, Ono H, Fukushima T, Kamata H, Nishimura F, Kikuchi T, Fujishiro M, Nishiyama K, Aburatani H, Kushiyama S, Iizuka M, Taki N, Encinas J, Sentani K, Ogonuki N, Ogura A, Kawazu S, Yasui W, Higashi Y, Kurihara H, Katagiri H, Asano T. Resistin-Like Molecule β Is Abundantly Expressed in Foam Cells and Is Involved in Atherosclerosis Development. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:1986-93. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.301546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akifumi Kushiyama
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Hideyuki Sakoda
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Naohide Oue
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Masamichi Okubo
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Yusuke Nakatsu
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Haruya Ono
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Toshiaki Fukushima
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Hideaki Kamata
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Fusanori Nishimura
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Takako Kikuchi
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Midori Fujishiro
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Koichi Nishiyama
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Sakura Kushiyama
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Masaki Iizuka
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Naoyuki Taki
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Jeffrey Encinas
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Kazuhiro Sentani
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Narumi Ogonuki
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Atsuo Ogura
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Shoji Kawazu
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Wataru Yasui
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Hiroki Kurihara
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Hideki Katagiri
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
| | - Tomoichiro Asano
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., T.K., S.K.); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (H.S., M.F.), Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine (K.N., S.K., H.K.), and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (H.A.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
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Leptin, resistin and visfatin: the missing link between endocrine metabolic disorders and immunity. Eur J Med Res 2013; 18:12. [PMID: 23634778 PMCID: PMC3655867 DOI: 10.1186/2047-783x-18-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is still regarded as a principle site for lipid storage and mobilizing tissue with an important role in the control of energy homeostasis. Additionally, adipose tissue-secreted hormones such as leptin, visfatin, resistin, apelin, omentin, sex steroids, and various growth factors are now regarded as a functional part of the endocrine system. These hormones also play an important role in the immune system. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have suggested the complex role of adipocyte-derived hormones in immune system and inflammation. Adipokines mediate beneficial and detrimental effects in immunity and inflammation. Many of these adipocytokines have a physiological role in metabolism. The uncontrolled secretions of several adipocytokines were associated with the stimulation of inflammatory processes leading to metabolic disorders including obesity, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Obesity leads to the dysfunction of adipocytes andcorrelated with the imbalance of adipokines levels. In obese and diabetic conditions, leptin deficiency inhibited the Jak/Stat3/PI3K and insulin pathways. In this review, ample evidence exists to support the recognition of the adipocyte’s role in various tissues and pathologies. New integral insights may add dimensions to translate any potential agents into the future clinical armamentarium of chronic endocrine metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Functional balance of both adipocytes and immune cells is important to exert their effects on endocrine metabolic disorders; furthermore, adipose tissue should be renamed not only as a functional part of the endocrine system but also as a new part of the immune system.
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Choosing the right antibody for resistin-like molecule (RELM/FIZZ) family members. Histochem Cell Biol 2012; 139:605-13. [PMID: 23076260 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-012-1042-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The family of resistin-like molecules (RELM), also known as found in inflammatory zone (FIZZ), consists of four members in mouse (RELMα/FIZZ1/HIMF, RELMβ/FIZZ2, Resistin/FIZZ3, and RELMγ/FIZZ4) and two members in human (resistin and RELMβ). The importance of these proteins in many aspects of physiology and pathophysiology, especially inflammatory processes, is rapidly evolving in the literature, and many investigators are beginning to work in this field. Most published studies focus on only one isoform, do not evaluate other isoforms that might be present, and have not tested for the specificity of the antibody used. Because RELM isoforms have high sequence and structural similarity and both distinct and overlapping functions, it is important to use a specific antibody to distinguish each isoform in the study. We constructed and established HEK 293 cell lines that constitutively express each isoform. Using these cell lines, we determined the specificity of antibodies (both commercially available and laboratory-made) to each isoform by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Some of the antibodies showed specificity in Western blotting but were not applicable in immunofluorescence. Others showed cross reactivity in Western blot assays. Our results indicate that RELM antibody specificity should be taken into account when using them in research and interpreting data obtained with them.
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22
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Gupta V, Singh A, Pant A. Could resistin be a noble marker for metabolic syndrome? Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kunnari AM, Savolainen ER, Ukkola OH, Kesäniemi YA, Jokela MA. The expression of human resistin in different leucocyte lineages is modulated by LPS and TNFalpha. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 157:57-63. [PMID: 19445973 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Revised: 04/05/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human resistin has been linked to several inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. This study aimed to clarify the expression of resistin in different inflammatory cells and its effect on endothelial cells. RESULTS In this study, RNA and protein expression of resistin were detected in human primary neutrophils, monocytes, and T cells as well as in human Jurkat T cells, RPMI-8226 B cells, monocytic U937, and myeloblastic HL-60 cell lines. The highest resistin protein and mRNA level were detected in neutrophils, primary monocytes, and monocytic U937 cells. The RNA expression of resistin was upregulated both in neutrophils and in U937 cells after exposure to LPS. Also TNFalpha induced resistin RNA expression in neutrophils, U937, T-lymphocytic Jurkat cells, and B-lymphocytic RPMI-8226 cells. The RNA and protein expression of resistin decreased as the monocytic U937 cells differentiated into macrophage-like cells. In endothelial EA.hy 926 cells, resistin increased the expression of MCP-1 and PECAM-1 and adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS The wide-ranging expression of resistin in white blood cells and the upregulation of its expression by inflammatory reagents LPS and TNFalpha support the fact that increased resistin could be involved in several inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Kunnari
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu; Clinical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Finland
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Angelini DJ, Su Q, Yamaji-Kegan K, Fan C, Teng X, Hassoun PM, Yang SC, Champion HC, Tuder RM, Johns RA. Resistin-like molecule-beta in scleroderma-associated pulmonary hypertension. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2009; 41:553-61. [PMID: 19251945 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2008-0271oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Scleroderma is a systemic, mixed connective tissue disease that can impact the lungs through pulmonary fibrosis, vascular remodeling, and the development of pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure. Currently, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that drive this condition, but we have recently identified a novel gene product that is up-regulated in a murine model of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. This molecule, known as hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor (HIMF), is a member of the newly described resistin gene family. We have demonstrated that HIMF has mitogenic, angiogenic, vasoconstrictive, inflammatory, and chemokine-like properties, all of which are associated with vascular remodeling in the lung. Here, we demonstrate that the human homolog of HIMF, resistin-like molecule (RELM)-beta, is expressed in the lung tissue of patients with scleroderma-associated pulmonary hypertension and is up-regulated compared with normal control subjects. Immunofluorescence colocalization revealed that RELM-beta is expressed in the endothelium and vascular smooth muscle of remodeled vessels, as well as in plexiform lesions, macrophages, T cells, and myofibroblast-like cells. We also show that addition of recombinant RELM-beta induces proliferation and activation of ERK1/2 in primary cultured human pulmonary endothelial and smooth muscle cells. These results suggest that RELM-beta may be involved in the development of scleroderma-associated pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Angelini
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 361, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Robertson SA, Rae CJ, Graham A. Induction of angiogenesis by murine resistin: putative role of PI3-kinase and NO-dependent pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 152:41-7. [PMID: 18722482 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2008.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2008] [Revised: 07/17/2008] [Accepted: 07/24/2008] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Adipose tissue is a highly active endocrine organ, secreting bioactive molecules, adipokines, into the circulation. Obesity results in dysregulated adipokine secretion, contributing to pathophysiologies associated with this disorder, including insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVES To establish whether resistin, a novel bioactive molecule produced by murine adipose tissue, and implicated in insulin resistance in rodents, can induce angiogenic responses in aortic tissues and endothelial cells in vitro, and to investigate the signal transduction pathways involved in these responses. RESULTS Recombinant murine resistin (5-100 ng ml(-1)) induced sprouting of cellular networks and migration from murine aortic arch explants, primary aortic endothelial cells and in a 'wound healing' model utilising murine b.End5 endothelioma cells. The increased migration and sprouting of endothelial cells, due to resistin, were blocked by wortmannin (100 nM) and LY294002 (10 microM), inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), and accompanied by PI3K-dependent phosphorylation of Akt; moreover, while the changes were not associated with altered production of nitric oxide (NO), resistin-induced angiogenic responses were inhibited by IKK Inhibitor X (5 microM), an inhibitor of activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB. CONCLUSIONS Murine resistin induces endothelial cell migration and sprouting of cellular networks via a mechanism which appears dependent upon PI3K and NF-kappaB activity, but independent of altered NO production. Resistin may contribute to angiogenic responses sustaining adipose tissue expansion, or in arterial tissues distal to this site.
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Krimi RB, Kotelevets L, Dubuquoy L, Plaisancié P, Walker F, Lehy T, Desreumaux P, Van Seuningen I, Chastre E, Forgue-Lafitte ME, Marie JC. Resistin-like molecule beta regulates intestinal mucous secretion and curtails TNBS-induced colitis in mice. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2008; 14:931-41. [PMID: 18300276 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.20420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistin and resistin-like molecule (RELM)beta comprise a novel class of cysteine-rich proteins secreted into the circulation implicated in hepatic insulin resistance and inflammation. RELMbeta is specifically produced by intestinal goblet cells but regulation of its expression and much of its local function are not elucidated. RELMbeta has been suggested to regulate colonic inflammation susceptibility, which is dependent on the mucosal barrier integrity. METHODS In this work we explored the physiopathological role of RELMbeta in the colon. Among agents tested, carbachol and gastrin were strong inhibitors of RELMbeta mRNA accumulation. We examined the effect of recombinant RELMbeta on mucin secretion by human mucus-secreting HT29-Cl.16E cells in culture and by mouse colonic goblet cells in vivo. RESULTS RELMbeta upregulated MUC2 and M1/MUC5AC gene expression in HT29-Cl.16E cells. RELMbeta enhanced M1/MUC5AC secretion by human colonic HT29-Cl.16E cells and MUC2 secretion by murine intestinal goblet cells. RELMbeta exerted its action exclusively on the apical side of HT29-Cl.16E cells, in agreement with its luminal mucosecretagogue effect in mice. Its action required calcium, protein kinase C, tyrosine kinases, and extracellular-regulated protein kinase activities and was synergized by carbachol. An intracolonic RELMbeta challenge was performed in the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-murine model of colitis and macroscopic and histological scores were monitored. The macroscopic and histopathological severity of TNBS-induced colitis was significantly attenuated by RELMbeta pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS A direct participation in maintaining the mucosal defense barrier can be ascribed to RELMbeta in line with a regulatory role in intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Belharbi Krimi
- INSERM, U773, Centre de Recherche Biomédicale Bichat Beaujon CRB3, Paris, France
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Fujio J, Kushiyama A, Sakoda H, Fujishiro M, Ogihara T, Fukushima Y, Anai M, Horike N, Kamata H, Uchijima Y, Kurihara H, Asano T. Regulation of gut-derived resistin-like molecule beta expression by nutrients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2008; 79:2-10. [PMID: 17936398 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2007.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2006] [Revised: 02/19/2007] [Accepted: 04/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Resistin was initially identified as a protein, secreted by adipocytes, which inhibits insulin action and adipose differentiation. The three proteins homologous to resistin were identified and given the names resistin-like molecules (RELM) alpha, beta and gamma. Resistin and RELMalpha are abundantly expressed in adipose, but RELMbeta and RELMgamma are secreted mainly from the gut. Since nutrient composition greatly affects insulin sensitivity, we investigated the regulatory effects of various nutritional factors in food on the expressions of resistin family proteins. First, mice were given diets with different nutritional compositions (high-carbohydrate, high-protein and high-fat) for 2 weeks. RELMbeta mRNA expression in the intestines was markedly suppressed by the high-protein and high-carbohydrate diets, while slightly but not significantly upregulated by the high-fat diet. In the epididymal fat, resistin expression was unchanged, while RELMalpha expression was markedly decreased by the high-carbohydrate diet. Taking into consideration that humans have neither RELMalpha nor RELMgamma, our subsequent studies focused on RELMbeta expression. We used the human colon cancer cell line LS174T. Treatments with insulin and TNFalpha as well as stearic acid, a saturated free fatty acid, upregulated RELMbeta expression, while d-glucose downregulated RELMbeta. These results suggest RELMbeta expression to be regulated directly by nutrients such as glucose and saturated free fatty acids including stearic acid, as well as by hormones including insulin and TNFalpha. These regulations may play an important role in the nutrient-associated induction of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Fujio
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Su Q, Zhou Y, Johns RA. Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a binding partner for hypoxia induced mitogenic factor (HIMF/FIZZ1) and mediates myeloid cell chemotaxis. FASEB J 2007; 21:1376-82. [PMID: 17264170 DOI: 10.1096/fj.06-6527com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia induced mitogenic factor (HIMF) is a member of the FIZZ/resistin/RELM family of proteins that we have shown to have potent mitogenic, angiogenic, and vasoconstrictive effects in the lung vasculature. In the current report, we identified Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) as a functional HIMF binding partner through glutathione S-transferase (GST)-HIMF pull-down studies and mass spectrometry. Using primary cultured HIMF-stimulated murine bone marrow cells, we demonstrated that HIMF causes redistribution of BTK to the leading edge of the cells. HIMF stimulation induced BTK autophosphorylation, which peaked at 2.5 min. A transwell migration assay showed that treatment with recombinant murine HIMF induced migration of primary cultured bone marrow cells that was completely blocked by the BTK inhibitor, LFM-A13. Our results demonstrate BTK as the first known functional binding partner of the HIMF/FIZZ family of proteins and that HIMF acts as a chemotatic molecule in stimulating the migration of myeloid cells through activation of the BTK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingning Su
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Nagaev I, Bokarewa M, Tarkowski A, Smith U. Human resistin is a systemic immune-derived proinflammatory cytokine targeting both leukocytes and adipocytes. PLoS One 2006; 1:e31. [PMID: 17183659 PMCID: PMC1762367 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2006] [Accepted: 09/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The characteristics of human resistin (RETN) are unclear and controversial despite intensive adipose-focused research. Its transcriptional and functional similarity with the murine myeloid-specific and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein epsilon (Cebpe)-dependent gene, resistin-like gamma (Retnlg), is unexplored. We examined the human CEBPE-regulatory pathway by unbiased reference and custom gene expression assays. Real-time RT-PCR analysis demonstrated lack of both the transcriptional factor CEBPE and RETN expression in adipose and muscle cells. In contrast, primary myelocytic samples revealed a concerted CEBPE-RETN transcription that was significantly elevated in inflammatory synoviocytes relative to intact peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Mouse Cebpe and Retnlg were predictably expressed in macrophages, whereas Retn was abundant in adipocytes. Quite the opposite, a low and inconsistent RETN transcription was seen in some human white adipose tissue (WAT) biopsies without any relationship to body mass index, insulin sensitivity, or fat depot. However, in these cases, RETN was co-detected with CEBPE and the leukocyte-specific marker, EMR1, indicating the presence of inflammatory cells and their possible resistin-mediated effect on adipocytes. Indeed, addition of human resistin to WAT in culture induced, like in PBMC, the inflammatory cytokines IL6, IL8 and TNF. Importantly, the expression of the adipose-specific markers CEBPA, FABP4 and SLC2A4 was unchanged, while the expected inhibitory effect was seen with TNF. Both cytokines increased the mRNA level of CCL2 and MMP3, which may further promote inflammation in WAT. Thus, the myeloid-restricted nature of CEBPE precludes the expression of RETN in human adipocytes which, however, are targeted by this innate immune-derived proinflammatory cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Nagaev
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden. ivan.nagaev@.gu.se
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Kushiyama A, Shojima N, Ogihara T, Inukai K, Sakoda H, Fujishiro M, Fukushima Y, Anai M, Ono H, Horike N, Viana AYI, Uchijima Y, Nishiyama K, Shimosawa T, Fujita T, Katagiri H, Oka Y, Kurihara H, Asano T. Resistin-like Molecule β Activates MAPKs, Suppresses Insulin Signaling in Hepatocytes, and Induces Diabetes, Hyperlipidemia, and Fatty Liver in Transgenic Mice on a High Fat Diet. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:42016-25. [PMID: 16243841 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m503065200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistin and resistin-like molecules (RELMs) are a family of proteins reportedly related to insulin resistance and inflammation. Because the serum concentration and intestinal expression level of RELMbeta were elevated in insulin-resistant rodent models, in this study we investigated the effect of RELMbeta on insulin signaling and metabolism using transgenic mice and primary cultured hepatocytes. First, transgenic mice with hepatic RELMbeta overexpression were shown to exhibit significant hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, and pancreatic islet enlargement when fed a high fat diet. Hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp showed a decreased glucose infusion rate due to increased hepatic glucose production. In addition, the expression levels of IRS-1 and IRS-2 proteins as well as the degrees of insulin-induced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Akt activations were attenuated in RELMbeta transgenic mice. Similar down-regulations of IRS-1 and IRS-2 proteins were observed in primary cultured hepatocytes chronically treated (for 24 h) with RELMbeta, suggesting the insulin resistance-inducing effect of RELMbeta to be direct. Furthermore, it was shown that RELMbeta acutely and markedly activates ERK and p38, while weakly activating JNK, in primary cultured hepatocytes. This increased basal p38 phosphorylation level was also observed in the livers of RELMbeta transgenic mice. In conclusion, RELMbeta, a gut-derived hormone, impairs insulin signaling probably via the activations of classic MAPKs, and increased expression of RELMbeta may be involved in the pathogenesis of glucose intolerance and hyperlipidemia in some insulin-resistant models. Thus, RELMbeta is a potentially useful marker for assessing insulin resistance and may also be a target for future novel anti-diabetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akifumi Kushiyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655
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Shojima N, Ogihara T, Inukai K, Fujishiro M, Sakoda H, Kushiyama A, Katagiri H, Anai M, Ono H, Fukushima Y, Horike N, Viana AYI, Uchijima Y, Kurihara H, Asano T. Serum concentrations of resistin-like molecules beta and gamma are elevated in high-fat-fed and obese db/db mice, with increased production in the intestinal tract and bone marrow. Diabetologia 2005; 48:984-92. [PMID: 15834545 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-005-1735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2004] [Accepted: 12/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Resistin and the resistin-like molecules (RELMs) comprise a novel class of cysteine-rich proteins. Among the RELMs, RELMbeta and RELMgamma are produced in non-adipocyte tissues, but the regulation of their expression and their physiological roles are largely unknown. We investigated in mice the tissue distribution and dimer formation of RELMbeta and RELMgamma and then examined whether their serum concentrations and tissue expression levels are related to insulin resistance. METHODS Specific antibodies against RELMbeta and RELMgamma were generated. Dimer formation was examined using COS cells and the colon. RELMbeta and RELMgamma tissue localisation and expression levels were analysed by an RNase protection assay, immunoblotting and immunohistochemical study. Serum concentrations in high-fat-fed and db/db mice were also measured using the specific antibodies. RESULTS The intestinal tract produces RELMbeta and RELMgamma, and colonic epithelial cells in particular express both RELMbeta and RELMgamma. In addition, RELMbeta and RELMgamma were shown to form a homodimer and a heterodimer with each other, in an overexpression system using cultured cells, and in mouse colon and serum. Serum RELMbeta and RELMgamma levels in high-fat-fed mice were markedly higher than those in mice fed normal chow. Serum RELMbeta and RELMgamma concentrations were also clearly higher in db/db mice than in lean littermates. Tissue expression levels revealed that elevated serum concentrations of RELMbeta and RELMgamma are attributable to increased production in the colon and bone marrow. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION RELMbeta and RELMgamma form homo/heterodimers, which are secreted into the circulation. Serum concentrations of RELMbeta and RELMgamma may be a novel intestinal-tract-mediating regulator of insulin sensitivity, possibly involved in insulin resistance induced by obesity and a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shojima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Liu T, Jin H, Ullenbruch M, Hu B, Hashimoto N, Moore B, McKenzie A, Lukacs NW, Phan SH. Regulation of found in inflammatory zone 1 expression in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis: role of IL-4/IL-13 and mediation via STAT-6. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 173:3425-31. [PMID: 15322207 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.5.3425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Found in inflammatory zone (FIZZ)1, also known as resistin-like molecule alpha, belongs to a novel class of cysteine-rich secreted protein family, named FIZZ/resistin-like molecule, with unique tissue expression patterns. FIZZ1 is induced in alveolar type II epithelial cells (AECs) in bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis, and found to induce myofibroblast differentiation in vitro. The objective of this study was to elucidate the regulation of AEC FIZZ1 expression in pulmonary fibrosis. AECs were isolated from rat lungs and the effects of a number of cytokines on FIZZ1 expression were evaluated by RT-PCR. Of all cytokines examined, only IL-4 and IL-13 were effective in stimulating FIZZ1 expression in AECs. Stimulation by IL-4/IL-13 was accompanied by increases in phosphorylated STAT6 and JAK1. FIZZ1 expression was also stimulated by transfection with a STAT6 expression plasmid, but was inhibited by antisense oligonucleotides directed against STAT6. In vivo studies showed that compared with wild-type controls, both IL-4- and IL-13-deficient mice showed reduced BLM-induced lung FIZZ1 expression and fibrosis, which were essentially abolished in IL-4 and IL-13 doubly deficient mice. Furthermore, STAT6-deficient mice showed marked reduction in BLM-induced lung FIZZ1 expression. Thus, IL-4 and IL-13 are potent inducers of AEC FIZZ1 expression via STAT6 and play key roles in BLM-induced lung FIZZ1 expression and fibrosis. This represents a potential mechanism by which IL-4/IL-13 could play a role in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianju Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109, USA
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