1
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Ghasemlou M, Pn N, Alexander K, Zavabeti A, Sherrell PC, Ivanova EP, Adhikari B, Naebe M, Bhargava SK. Fluorescent Nanocarbons: From Synthesis and Structure to Cancer Imaging and Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312474. [PMID: 38252677 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanocarbons are emerging at the forefront of nanoscience, with diverse carbon nanoforms emerging over the past two decades. Early cancer diagnosis and therapy, driven by advanced chemistry techniques, play a pivotal role in mitigating mortality rates associated with cancer. Nanocarbons, with an attractive combination of well-defined architectures, biocompatibility, and nanoscale dimension, offer an incredibly versatile platform for cancer imaging and therapy. This paper aims to review the underlying principles regarding the controllable synthesis, fluorescence origins, cellular toxicity, and surface functionalization routes of several classes of nanocarbons: carbon nanodots, nanodiamonds, carbon nanoonions, and carbon nanohorns. This review also highlights recent breakthroughs regarding the green synthesis of different nanocarbons from renewable sources. It also presents a comprehensive and unified overview of the latest cancer-related applications of nanocarbons and how they can be designed to interface with biological systems and work as cancer diagnostics and therapeutic tools. The commercial status for large-scale manufacturing of nanocarbons is also presented. Finally, it proposes future research opportunities aimed at engendering modifiable and high-performance nanocarbons for emerging applications across medical industries. This work is envisioned as a cornerstone to guide interdisciplinary teams in crafting fluorescent nanocarbons with tailored attributes that can revolutionize cancer diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ghasemlou
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Center for Sustainable Products, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Navya Pn
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Katia Alexander
- School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Peter C Sherrell
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Carbon Nexus, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
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2
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Dey T, Ghosh A, Sanyal A, Charles CJ, Pokharel S, Nair L, Singh M, Kaity S, Ravichandiran V, Kaur K, Roy S. Surface engineered nanodiamonds: mechanistic intervention in biomedical applications for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:032003. [PMID: 38574581 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad3abb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
In terms of biomedical tools, nanodiamonds (ND) are a more recent innovation. Their size typically ranges between 4 to 100 nm. ND are produced via a variety of methods and are known for their physical toughness, durability, and chemical stability. Studies have revealed that surface modifications and functionalization have a significant influence on the optical and electrical properties of the nanomaterial. Consequently, surface functional groups of NDs have applications in a variety of domains, including drug administration, gene delivery, immunotherapy for cancer treatment, and bio-imaging to diagnose cancer. Additionally, their biocompatibility is a critical requisite for theirin vivoandin vitrointerventions. This review delves into these aspects and focuses on the recent advances in surface modification strategies of NDs for various biomedical applications surrounding cancer diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, the prognosis of its clinical translation has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanima Dey
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneshwar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Anushikha Ghosh
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneshwar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Arka Sanyal
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneshwar 751024, Odisha, India
| | | | - Sahas Pokharel
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneshwar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Lakshmi Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam Central University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| | - Manjari Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam Central University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| | - Santanu Kaity
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical, Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - Velayutham Ravichandiran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical, Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - Kulwinder Kaur
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin 2 D02YN77, Ireland
- Department of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Science, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin 2 D02YN77, Ireland
| | - Subhadeep Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical, Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
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3
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Tegafaw T, Liu S, Ahmad MY, Ali Al Saidi AK, Zhao D, Liu Y, Yue H, Nam SW, Chang Y, Lee GH. Production, surface modification, physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and bioimaging applications of nanodiamonds. RSC Adv 2023; 13:32381-32397. [PMID: 37928839 PMCID: PMC10623544 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06837d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (ND) are chemically inert and stable owing to their sp3 covalent bonding structure, but their surface sp2 graphitic carbons can be easily homogenized with diverse functional groups via oxidation, reduction, hydrogenation, amination, and halogenation. Further surface conjugation of NDs with hydrophilic ligands can boost their colloidal stability and functionality. In addition, NDs are non-toxic as they are made of carbons. They exhibit stable fluorescence without photobleaching. They also possess paramagnetic and ferromagnetic properties, making them suitable for use as a new type of fluorescence imaging (FI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probe. In this review, we focused on recently developed ND production methods, surface homogenization and functionalization methods, biocompatibilities, and biomedical imaging applications as FI and MRI probes. Finally, we discussed future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirusew Tegafaw
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University Taegu 41566 South Korea +82-53-950-6330 +82-53-950-5340
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University Taegu 41566 South Korea +82-53-950-6330 +82-53-950-5340
| | - Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University Taegu 41566 South Korea +82-53-950-6330 +82-53-950-5340
| | - Abdullah Khamis Ali Al Saidi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University Taegu 41566 South Korea +82-53-950-6330 +82-53-950-5340
| | - Dejun Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University Taegu 41566 South Korea +82-53-950-6330 +82-53-950-5340
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University Taegu 41566 South Korea +82-53-950-6330 +82-53-950-5340
| | - Huan Yue
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University Taegu 41566 South Korea +82-53-950-6330 +82-53-950-5340
| | - Sung-Wook Nam
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Taegu 41944 South Korea +82-53-420-5471
| | - Yongmin Chang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Taegu 41944 South Korea +82-53-420-5471
| | - Gang Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University Taegu 41566 South Korea +82-53-950-6330 +82-53-950-5340
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4
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Wen H, Kordahl D, Kuschnerus IC, Reineck P, Macmillan A, Chang HC, Dwyer C, Chang SLY. Correlative Fluorescence and Transmission Electron Microscopy Assisted by 3D Machine Learning Reveals Thin Nanodiamonds Fluoresce Brighter. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16491-16500. [PMID: 37594320 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) draw widespread attention as quantum sensors due to their room-temperature luminescence, exceptional photo- and chemical stability, and biocompatibility. For bioscience applications, NV centers in FNDs offer high-spatial-resolution capabilities that are unparalleled by other solid-state nanoparticle emitters. On the other hand, pursuits to further improve the optical properties of FNDs have reached a bottleneck, with intense debate in the literature over which of the many factors are most pertinent. Here, we describe how substantial progress can be achieved using a correlative transmission electron microscopy and photoluminescence (TEMPL) method that we have developed. TEMPL enables a precise correlative analysis of the fluorescence brightness, size, and shape of individual FND particles. Augmented with machine learning, TEMPL can be used to analyze a large, statistically meaningful number of particles. Our results reveal that FND fluorescence is strongly dependent on particle shape, specifically, that thin, flake-shaped particles are up to several times brighter and that fluorescence increases with decreasing particle sphericity. Our theoretical analysis shows that these observations are attributable to the constructive interference of light waves within the FNDs. Our findings have significant implications for state-of-the-art sensing applications, and they offer potential avenues for improving the sensitivity and resolution of quantum sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - David Kordahl
- Department of Physics and Engineering, Centenary College of Louisiana, Shreveport, Louisiana 71104, United States
| | - Inga C Kuschnerus
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Philipp Reineck
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Bio Photonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Alexander Macmillan
- BMIF, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Christian Dwyer
- Electron Imaging and Spectroscopy Tools, PO Box 506, Sans Souci, NSW 2219, Australia
- Physics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Shery L Y Chang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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5
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Alkahtani M. Silicon Vacancy in Boron-Doped Nanodiamonds for Optical Temperature Sensing. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5942. [PMID: 37687634 PMCID: PMC10488927 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Boron-doped nanodiamonds (BNDs) have recently shown a promising potential in hyperthermia and thermoablation therapy, especially in heating tumor cells. To remotely monitor eigen temperature during such operations, diamond color centers have shown a sensitive optical temperature sensing. Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color center in diamonds have shown the best sensitivity in nanothermometry; however, spin manipulation of the NV center with green laser and microwave-frequency excitations is still a huge challenge for biological applications. Silicon-vacancy (SiV) color center in nano/bulk diamonds has shown a great potential to be a good replacement of the NV center in diamond as it can be excited and detected within the biological transparency window and its thermometry operations depends only on its zero-phonon line (ZPL) shift as a function of temperature changes. In this work, BNDs were carefully etched on smooth diamond nanocrystals' sharp edges and implanted with silicon for optical temperature sensing. Optical temperature sensing using SiV color centers in BNDs was performed over a small range of temperature within the biological temperature window (296-308 K) with an excellent sensitivity of 0.2 K in 10 s integration time. These results indicate that there are likely to be better application of more biocompatible BNDs in hyperthermia and thermoablation therapy using a biocompatible diamond color center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masfer Alkahtani
- Future Energy Technologies Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Le TN, Chen HY, Lam XM, Wang CC, Chang HC. Antibody-Conjugated Nanodiamonds as Dual-Functional Immunosensors for In Vitro Diagnostics. Anal Chem 2023; 95:12080-12088. [PMID: 37534668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) are carbon nanoparticles with a large refractive index, a high density, and exceptional chemical stability. When excited by green light, they can emit bright red fluorescence from implanted nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. Taking advantage of these properties, we have developed antibody-conjugated NDs as in vitro diagnostic sensors for two complementary assays: particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (PETIA) and spin-enhanced lateral flow immunoassay (SELFIA). To achieve this goal, monocrystalline diamond powders (∼100 nm in diameter) with or without NV implantation were first treated in molten KNO3 to reduce their size and shape inhomogeneity, followed by surface carboxylation in strong oxidative acids and non-covalent conjugation with antibodies in water. PETIA and SELFIA were carried out separately with a microplate reader and a magnetically modulated fluorescence analyzer. Using C-reactive protein (CRP) as the target antigen, we found that anti-CRP-conjugated NDs exhibited high colloidal stability over 1 month at 4 °C in buffer solution. The limits of detection for 3 μL of CRP sample solution were 0.06 μg/mL and 1 ng/mL with variation coefficients of less than 10 and 15% for PETIA and SELFIA, respectively. These two methods together provide a detection range of 1 ng/mL-10 μg/mL, potentially useful for clinical applications. This work represents the first practical use of rounded monocrystalline NDs as in vitro diagnostic reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trong-Nghia Le
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Xuan Mai Lam
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chia Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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7
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Jung HS, Cho KJ, Joo S, Lee M, Kim MY, Kwon IH, Song NW, Shim JH, Neuman KC. Mesoporous Polydopamine-Encapsulated Fluorescent Nanodiamonds: A Versatile Platform for Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:33425-33436. [PMID: 37341540 PMCID: PMC10361080 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are versatile nanomaterials with promising properties. However, efficient functionalization of FNDs for biomedical applications remains challenging. In this study, we demonstrate mesoporous polydopamine (mPDA) encapsulation of FNDs. The mPDA shell is generated by sequential formation of micelles via self-assembly of Pluronic F127 (F127) with 1,3,5-trimethyl benzene (TMB) and composite micelles via oxidation and self-polymerization of dopamine hydrochloride (DA). The surface of the mPDA shell can be readily functionalized with thiol-terminated methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG-SH), hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG), and d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS). The PEGylated FND@mPDA particles are efficiently taken up by, and employed as a fluorescent imaging probe for, HeLa cells. HPG-functionalized FND@mPDA is conjugated with an amino-terminated oligonucleotide to detect microRNA via hybridization. Finally, the increased surface area of the mPDA shell permits efficient loading of doxorubicin hydrochloride. Further modification with TPGS increases drug delivery efficiency, resulting in high toxicity to cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak-Sung Jung
- Laboratory
of Single Molecule Biophysics, National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
- Quantum
Magnetic Imaging Team, Korea Research Institute
of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Cho
- Data
Convergence Drug Research Center, Korea
Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sihwa Joo
- Safety
Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute
of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Mina Lee
- Safety
Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute
of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Myeong Yun Kim
- Safety
Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute
of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Ik Hwan Kwon
- Safety
Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute
of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Nam Woong Song
- Quantum
Magnetic Imaging Team, Korea Research Institute
of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Shim
- Quantum
Magnetic Imaging Team, Korea Research Institute
of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
- Department
of Applied Measurement Science, University
of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Keir C. Neuman
- Laboratory
of Single Molecule Biophysics, National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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8
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Fluorescent nanodiamond for nanotheranostic applications. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:447. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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9
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Sigaeva A, Hochstetter A, Bouyim S, Chipaux M, Stejfova M, Cigler P, Schirhagl R. Single-Particle Tracking and Trajectory Analysis of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds in Cell-Free Environment and Live Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201395. [PMID: 36038355 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diamond magnetometry can provide new insights on the production of free radicals inside live cells due to its high sensitivity and spatial resolution. However, the measurements often lack intracellular context for the recorded signal. In this paper, the possible use of single-particle tracking and trajectory analysis of fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) to bridge that gap is explored. It starts with simulating a set of different possible scenarios of a particle's movement, reflecting different modes of motion, degrees of confinement, as well as shapes and sizes of that confinement. Then, the insights from the analysis of the simulated trajectories are applied to describe the movement of FNDs in glycerol solutions. It is shown that the measurements are in good agreement with the previously reported findings and that trajectory analysis yields meaningful results, when FNDs are tracked in a simple environment. Then the much more complex situation of FNDs moving inside a live cell is focused. The behavior of the particles after different incubation times is analyzed, and the possible intracellular localization of FNDs is deducted from their trajectories. Finally, this approach is combined with long-term magnetometry methods to obtain maps of the spin relaxation dynamics (or T1) in live cells, as FNDs move through the cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Sigaeva
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713AV, The Netherlands
| | - Axel Hochstetter
- Research & Development, Life on a Chip e.K., Brunnenaecker 5, 73571, Goeggingen, Germany
| | - Sighom Bouyim
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713AV, The Netherlands
| | - Mayeul Chipaux
- Institute of Physics, Life on Chip e.K., École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Miroslava Stejfova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam. 2, Prague, 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Cigler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam. 2, Prague, 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Romana Schirhagl
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713AV, The Netherlands
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10
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Nanodiamonds as Possible Tools for Improved Management of Bladder Cancer and Bacterial Cystitis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158183. [PMID: 35897760 PMCID: PMC9329713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) are a class of carbon nanomaterials with sizes ranging from a few nm to micrometres. Due to their excellent physical, chemical and optical properties, they have recently attracted much attention in biomedicine. In addition, their exceptional biocompatibility and the possibility of precise surface functionalisation offer promising opportunities for biological applications such as cell labelling and imaging, as well as targeted drug delivery. However, using NDs for selective targeting of desired biomolecules within a complex biological system remains challenging. Urinary bladder cancer and bacterial cystitis are major diseases of the bladder with high incidence and poor treatment options. In this review, we present: (i) the synthesis, properties and functionalisation of NDs; (ii) recent advances in the study of various NDs used for better treatment of bladder cancer and (iii) bacterial cystitis; and (iv) the use of NDs in theranostics of these diseases.
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11
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Impact of Helium Ion Implantation Dose and Annealing on Dense Near-Surface Layers of NV Centers. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132234. [PMID: 35808069 PMCID: PMC9268007 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The implantation of diamonds with helium ions has become a common method to create hundreds-nanometers-thick near-surface layers of NV centers for high-sensitivity sensing and imaging applications; however, optimal implantation dose and annealing temperature are still a matter of discussion. In this study, we irradiated HPHT diamonds with an initial nitrogen concentration of 100 ppm using different implantation doses of helium ions to create 200-nm thick NV layers. We compare a previously considered optimal implantation dose of ∼1012 He+/cm2 to double and triple doses by measuring fluorescence intensity, contrast, and linewidth of magnetic resonances, as well as longitudinal and transversal relaxation times T1 and T2. From these direct measurements, we also estimate concentrations of P1 and NV centers. In addition, we compare the three diamond samples that underwent three consequent annealing steps to quantify the impact of processing at 1100 °C, which follows initial annealing at 800 °C. By tripling the implantation dose, we have increased the magnetic sensitivity of our sensors by 28±5%. By projecting our results to higher implantation doses, we demonstrate that it is possible to achieve a further improvement of up to 70%. At the same time, additional annealing steps at 1100 °C improve the sensitivity only by 6.6 ± 2.7%.
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12
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Zhang T, Pramanik G, Zhang K, Gulka M, Wang L, Jing J, Xu F, Li Z, Wei Q, Cigler P, Chu Z. Toward Quantitative Bio-sensing with Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2077-2107. [PMID: 34038091 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The long-dreamed-of capability of monitoring the molecular machinery in living systems has not been realized yet, mainly due to the technical limitations of current sensing technologies. However, recently emerging quantum sensors are showing great promise for molecular detection and imaging. One of such sensing qubits is the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center, a photoluminescent impurity in a diamond lattice with unique room-temperature optical and spin properties. This atomic-sized quantum emitter has the ability to quantitatively measure nanoscale electromagnetic fields via optical means at ambient conditions. Moreover, the unlimited photostability of NV centers, combined with the excellent diamond biocompatibility and the possibility of diamond nanoparticles internalization into the living cells, makes NV-based sensors one of the most promising and versatile platforms for various life-science applications. In this review, we will summarize the latest developments of NV-based quantum sensing with a focus on biomedical applications, including measurements of magnetic biomaterials, intracellular temperature, localized physiological species, action potentials, and electronic and nuclear spins. We will also outline the main unresolved challenges and provide future perspectives of many promising aspects of NV-based bio-sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Goutam Pramanik
- UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, Sector III, LB-8, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michal Gulka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jixiang Jing
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zifu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medical, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Engineering, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, China
| | - Petr Cigler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zhiqin Chu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Joint Appointment with School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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13
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Jung HS, Neuman KC. Surface Modification of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds for Biological Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:E153. [PMID: 33435443 PMCID: PMC7826955 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are a new class of carbon nanomaterials that offer great promise for biological applications such as cell labeling, imaging, and sensing due to their exceptional optical properties and biocompatibility. Implementation of these applications requires reliable and precise surface functionalization. Although diamonds are generally considered inert, they typically possess diverse surface groups that permit a range of different functionalization strategies. This review provides an overview of nanodiamond surface functionalization methods including homogeneous surface termination approaches (hydrogenation, halogenation, amination, oxidation, and reduction), in addition to covalent and non-covalent surface modification with different functional moieties. Furthermore, the subsequent coupling of biomolecules onto functionalized nanodiamonds is reviewed. Finally, biomedical applications of nanodiamonds are discussed in the context of functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keir C. Neuman
- Laboratory of Single Molecule Biophysics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
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14
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Barton J, Gulka M, Tarabek J, Mindarava Y, Wang Z, Schimer J, Raabova H, Bednar J, Plenio MB, Jelezko F, Nesladek M, Cigler P. Nanoscale Dynamic Readout of a Chemical Redox Process Using Radicals Coupled with Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Nanodiamonds. ACS NANO 2020; 14:12938-12950. [PMID: 32790348 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible nanoscale probes for sensitive detection of paramagnetic species and molecules associated with their (bio)chemical transformations would provide a desirable tool for a better understanding of cellular redox processes. Here, we describe an analytical tool based on quantum sensing techniques. We magnetically coupled negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in nanodiamonds (NDs) with nitroxide radicals present in a bioinert polymer coating of the NDs. We demonstrated that the T1 spin relaxation time of the NV centers is very sensitive to the number of nitroxide radicals, with a resolution down to ∼10 spins per ND (detection of approximately 10-23 mol in a localized volume). The detection is based on T1 shortening upon the radical attachment, and we propose a theoretical model describing this phenomenon. We further show that this colloidally stable, water-soluble system can be used dynamically for spatiotemporal readout of a redox chemical process (oxidation of ascorbic acid) occurring near the ND surface in an aqueous environment under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Barton
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namesti 2, 166 10 Prague, Czechia
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czechia
| | - Michal Gulka
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna sq. 3105, 27201 Kladno, Czechia
- IMOMEC Division, IMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jan Tarabek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namesti 2, 166 10 Prague, Czechia
| | - Yuliya Mindarava
- Institute for Quantum Optics and IQST, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and IQST, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jiri Schimer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namesti 2, 166 10 Prague, Czechia
| | - Helena Raabova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namesti 2, 166 10 Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Bednar
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UMR 5309, Allée des Alpes, 38700 la Tronche, France
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin B Plenio
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and IQST, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Fedor Jelezko
- Institute for Quantum Optics and IQST, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Milos Nesladek
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna sq. 3105, 27201 Kladno, Czechia
- IMOMEC Division, IMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Petr Cigler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namesti 2, 166 10 Prague, Czechia
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15
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Abstract
Biomedical imaging allows in vivo studies of organisms, providing valuable information of biological processes at both cellular and tissue levels. Nanodiamonds have recently emerged as a new type of probe for fluorescence imaging and contrast agent for magnetic resonance and photoacoustic imaging. Composed of sp3-carbon atoms, diamond is chemically inert and inherently biocompatible. Uniquely, its matrix can host a variety of optically and magnetically active defects suited for bioimaging applications. Since the first production of fluorescent nanodiamonds in 2005, a large number of experiments have demonstrated that fluorescent nanodiamonds are useful as photostable markers and nanoscale sensors in living cells and organisms. In this review, we focus our discussion on the recent advancements of nanodiamond-enabled biomedical imaging for preclinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Yiu Liu
- Institute of Atomic & Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Be-Ming Chang
- Institute of Atomic & Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Atomic & Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science & Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
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16
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Gulka M, Salehi H, Varga B, Middendorp E, Pall O, Raabova H, Cloitre T, Cuisinier FJG, Cigler P, Nesladek M, Gergely C. Simultaneous label-free live imaging of cell nucleus and luminescent nanodiamonds. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9791. [PMID: 32555227 PMCID: PMC7299945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, fluorescent nanodiamond (fND) particles containing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers gained recognition as an attractive probe for nanoscale cellular imaging and quantum sensing. For these applications, precise localization of fNDs inside of a living cell is essential. Here we propose such a method by simultaneous detection of the signal from the NV centers and the spectroscopic Raman signal from the cells to visualize the nucleus of living cells. However, we show that the commonly used Raman cell signal from the fingerprint region is not suitable for organelle imaging in this case. Therefore, we develop a method for nucleus visualization exploiting the region-specific shape of C-H stretching mode and further use k-means cluster analysis to chemically distinguish the vicinity of fNDs. Our technique enables, within a single scan, to detect fNDs, distinguish by chemical localization whether they have been internalized into cell and simultaneously visualize cell nucleus without any labeling or cell-fixation. We show for the first time spectral colocalization of unmodified high-pressure high-temperature fND probes with the cell nucleus. Our methodology can be, in principle, extended to any red- and near-infrared-luminescent cell-probes and is fully compatible with quantum sensing measurements in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Gulka
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium. .,Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sítná sq. 3105, 272 01, Kladno, Czech Republic.
| | - Hamideh Salehi
- Laboratoire de Bioingénierie et Nanoscience (LBN), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Bela Varga
- Laboratoire de Bioingénierie et Nanoscience (LBN), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Elodie Middendorp
- Laboratoire de Bioingénierie et Nanoscience (LBN), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Orsolya Pall
- Laboratoire de Bioingénierie et Nanoscience (LBN), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Helena Raabova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Thierry Cloitre
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Frederic J G Cuisinier
- Laboratoire de Bioingénierie et Nanoscience (LBN), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Petr Cigler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Nesladek
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sítná sq. 3105, 272 01, Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Csilla Gergely
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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17
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Lu HC, Lo JI, Peng YC, Chou SL, Cheng BM, Chang HC. Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond for High-Performance Detection of Vacuum Ultraviolet, Extreme Ultraviolet, and X-rays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:3847-3853. [PMID: 31880911 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) containing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers as built-in fluorophores exhibit a nearly constant emission profile over 550-750 nm upon excitation by vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV), extreme ultraviolet (EUV), and X-radiations from a synchrotron source over the energy (wavelength) range of 6.2-1450 eV (0.86-200 nm). The photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield of FNDs increases steadily with the increasing excitation energy, attaining a value as great as 1700% at 700 eV (1.77 nm). Notably, the yield curve is continuous, having no gap in the VUV to X-ray region. In addition, no significant PL intensity decreases were observed for hours. Applying the FND sensor to measure the absorption cross-sections of gaseous O2 over 110-200 nm and comparing the measurements with the sodium-salicylate scintillator, we obtained results in agreement with each other within 5%. The superb photostability and broad applicability of FNDs offer a promising solution for the long-standing problem of lacking a robust and reliable detector for VUV, EUV, and X-radiations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Chi Lu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Jen-Iu Lo
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chain Peng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Lung Chou
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Bing-Ming Cheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica , 1 Section 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
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18
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Molecularly Imprinted Polyacrylamide with Fluorescent Nanodiamond for Creatinine Detection. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12132097. [PMID: 31261849 PMCID: PMC6650869 DOI: 10.3390/ma12132097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Creatinine measurement in blood and urine is an important diagnostic test for assessing kidney health. In this study, a molecularly imprinted polymer was obtained by incorporating fluorescent nanodiamond into a creatinine-imprinted polyacrylamide hydrogel. The quenching of peak nanodiamond fluorescence was significantly higher in the creatinine-imprinted polymer compared to the non-imprinted polymer, indicative of higher creatinine affinity in the imprinted polymer. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and microscopic imaging was used to investigate the nature of chemical bonding and distribution of nanodiamonds inside the hydrogel network. Nanodiamonds bind strongly to the hydrogel network, but as aggregates with average particle diameter of 3.4 ± 1.8 µm and 3.1 ± 1.9 µm for the non-imprinted and molecularly imprinted polymer, respectively. Nanodiamond fluorescence from nitrogen-vacancy color centers (NV- and NV0) was also used to detect creatinine based on nanodiamond-creatinine surface charge interaction. Results show a 15% decrease of NV-/NV0 emission ratio for the creatinine-imprinted polymer compared to the non-imprinted polymer, and are explained in terms of changes in the near-surface band structure of diamond with addition of creatinine. With further improvement of sensor design to better disperse nanodiamond within the hydrogel, fluorescent sensing from nitrogen-vacancy centers is expected to yield higher sensitivity with a longer range (Coulombic) interaction to imprinted sites than that for a sensor based on acceptor/donor resonance energy transfer.
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19
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Terada D, Segawa TF, Shames AI, Onoda S, Ohshima T, O Sawa E, Igarashi R, Shirakawa M. Monodisperse Five-Nanometer-Sized Detonation Nanodiamonds Enriched in Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers. ACS NANO 2019; 13:6461-6468. [PMID: 31140778 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b09383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds containing negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) centers are versatile nanosensors thanks to their optical and spin properties. While currently most fluorescent nanodiamonds in use have at least a size of a few tens of nanometers, the challenge lies in engineering the smallest nanodiamonds containing a single NV- defect. Such a tiny nanocrystal with a single NV- center is an "optical spin label" for biomolecules, which can be detected in a fluorescence microscope. In this paper, we address two key issues toward this goal using detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) of 4-5 nm in size. The DND samples are treated first with electron irradiation to create more vacancies. With the aid of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, we confirm a steady increase of negatively charged NV- centers with higher fluence. This leads to a 4 times higher concentration in NV- defects after irradiation with 2 MeV electrons at a fluence of 5 × 1018 e-/cm2. Interestingly, we observe that the annealing of DND does not increase the number of NV- centers, which is in contrast to bulk diamond and larger nanodiamonds. Since DNDs are strongly aggregated after the irradiation process, we apply a boiling acid treatment as a second step to fabricate monodisperse DNDs enriched in NV- centers. These are two important steps toward "optical spin labels" having a single-digit nanometer range size that could be used for bioimaging and nanosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Terada
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Nishikyo-Ku , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
- Institute for Quantum Life Science , National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , 4-9-1, Anagawa , Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8555 , Japan
| | - Takuya F Segawa
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Nishikyo-Ku , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics , Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich , CH-8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Alexander I Shames
- Department of Physics , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , 8410501 Beer-Sheva , Israel
| | - Shinobu Onoda
- Institute for Quantum Life Science , National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , 4-9-1, Anagawa , Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8555 , Japan
- Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute , National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , 1233 Watanuki , Takasaki , Gunma 370-1292 , Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohshima
- Institute for Quantum Life Science , National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , 4-9-1, Anagawa , Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8555 , Japan
- Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute , National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , 1233 Watanuki , Takasaki , Gunma 370-1292 , Japan
| | - Eiji O Sawa
- NanoCarbon Research Institute, AREC , Shinshu University , Ueda , Nagano 386-8567 , Japan
| | - Ryuji Igarashi
- Institute for Quantum Life Science , National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , 4-9-1, Anagawa , Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8555 , Japan
| | - Masahiro Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Nishikyo-Ku , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
- Institute for Quantum Life Science , National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , 4-9-1, Anagawa , Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8555 , Japan
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20
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Shenderova OA, Shames AI, Nunn NA, Torelli MD, Vlasov I, Zaitsev A. Review Article: Synthesis, properties, and applications of fluorescent diamond particles. JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. B, NANOTECHNOLOGY & MICROELECTRONICS : MATERIALS, PROCESSING, MEASUREMENT, & PHENOMENA : JVST B 2019; 37:030802. [PMID: 31032146 PMCID: PMC6461556 DOI: 10.1116/1.5089898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Diamond particles containing color centers-fluorescent crystallographic defects embedded within the diamond lattice-outperform other classes of fluorophores by providing a combination of unmatched photostability, intriguing coupled magneto-optical properties, intrinsic biocompatibility, and outstanding mechanical and chemical robustness. This exceptional combination of properties positions fluorescent diamond particles as unique fluorophores with emerging applications in a variety of fields, including bioimaging, ultrasensitive metrology at the nanoscale, fluorescent tags in industrial applications, and even potentially as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. However, production of fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) is nontrivial, since it requires irradiation with high-energy particles to displace carbon atoms and create vacancies-a primary constituent in the majority color centers. In this review, centrally focused on material developments, major steps of FND production are discussed with emphasis on current challenges in the field and possible solutions. The authors demonstrate how the combination of fluorescent spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance provides valuable insight into the types of radiation-induced defects formed and their evolution upon thermal annealing, thereby guiding FND performance optimization. A recent breakthrough process allowing for production of fluorescent diamond particles with vibrant blue, green, and red fluorescence is also discussed. Finally, the authors conclude with demonstrations of a few FND applications in the life science arena and in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Shenderova
- Adámas Nanotechnologies, 8100 Brownleigh Dr., Raleigh, North California 27617
| | - Alexander I Shames
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Nicholas A Nunn
- Adámas Nanotechnologies, 8100 Brownleigh Dr., Raleigh, North California 27617
| | - Marco D Torelli
- Adámas Nanotechnologies, 8100 Brownleigh Dr., Raleigh, North California 27617
| | - Igor Vlasov
- General Physics Institute, RAS, Vavilov Street 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Zaitsev
- College of Staten Island, CUNY, 2800 Victory Blvd., Staten Island, New York 10312
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21
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Havlik J, Petrakova V, Kucka J, Raabova H, Panek D, Stepan V, Zlamalova Cilova Z, Reineck P, Stursa J, Kucera J, Hruby M, Cigler P. Extremely rapid isotropic irradiation of nanoparticles with ions generated in situ by a nuclear reaction. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4467. [PMID: 30367036 PMCID: PMC6203839 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06789-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Energetic ions represent an important tool for the creation of controlled structural defects in solid nanomaterials. However, the current preparative irradiation techniques in accelerators show significant limitations in scaling-up, because only very thin layers of nanoparticles can be efficiently and homogeneously irradiated. Here, we show an easily scalable method for rapid irradiation of nanomaterials by light ions formed homogeneously in situ by a nuclear reaction. The target nanoparticles are embedded in B2O3 and placed in a neutron flux. Neutrons captured by 10B generate an isotropic flux of energetic α particles and 7Li+ ions that uniformly irradiates the surrounding nanoparticles. We produced 70 g of fluorescent nanodiamonds in an approximately 30-minute irradiation session, as well as fluorescent silicon carbide nanoparticles. Our method thus increased current preparative yields by a factor of 102-103. We envision that our technique will increase the production of ion-irradiated nanoparticles, facilitating their use in various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Havlik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimira Petrakova
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, nam. Sitna 3105, 272 01, Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kucka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the CAS, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Raabova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Prague, Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Panek
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, nam. Sitna 3105, 272 01, Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Stepan
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, 250 68 Husinec-Rez 130, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Zlamalova Cilova
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Philipp Reineck
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Jan Stursa
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, 250 68 Husinec-Rez 130, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kucera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, 250 68 Husinec-Rez 130, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hruby
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the CAS, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Cigler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Prague, Czech Republic.
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22
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Kuo SJ, Tsai PC, Lee YC, Chang SW, Sotoma S, Fang CY, Chang HC, Chen HL. Manipulating the distribution of electric field intensity to effectively enhance the spatial and spectral fluorescence intensity of fluorescent nanodiamonds. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:17576-17584. [PMID: 29901683 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01403e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) having nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers have drawn much attention for their biocompatibility and stable optical properties. Nevertheless, the NV centers are located in the interior of the FNDs, and it has not been possible to increase the fluorescence intensity of FNDs efficiently using previously developed enhancement methods. In this paper, we present a simple nanocavity structure that enhances the fluorescence intensity of FNDs. The designed Al/SiO2 nanocavities are stable and inexpensive, and provide a large region for efficient enhancement of fluorescence that can cover most 100 nm FNDs. By tuning the thickness of the capping SiO2 layer of the Al/SiO2 nanocavities, the distributions of both the spatial and spectral electric field intensities of the FNDs could be controlled and manipulated. In general, the FNDs were excited using a green-yellow laser; the broadband fluorescence of the FNDs comprised the emissions from neutral (NV0) and negatively charged (NV-) NV centers. To enhance the fluorescence intensity from the NV- centers of the FNDs, we designed an Al/70 nm SiO2 nanocavity to function at excitation and emission wavelengths of 633 and 710 nm, respectively, allowing the NV- centers to be excited efficiently; as a result, we achieved an enhancement in fluorescence intensity of 11.2-fold. Moreover, even when we covered 100 nm FNDs with polyglycerol (forming p-FND), the fluorescence intensities of the p-FND particles placed on the nanocavities remained greatly enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Jen Kuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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23
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Jung HS, Cho KJ, Seol Y, Takagi Y, Dittmore A, Roche PA, Neuman KC. Polydopamine encapsulation of fluorescent nanodiamonds for biomedical applications. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2018; 28:1801252. [PMID: 30686957 PMCID: PMC6342502 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201801252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are promising bio-imaging probes compared with other fluorescent nanomaterials such as quantum dots, dye-doped nanoparticles, and metallic nanoclusters, due to their remarkable optical properties and excellent biocompatibility. Nevertheless, they are prone to aggregation in physiological salt solutions, and modifying their surface to conjugate biologically active agents remains challenging. Here, inspired by the adhesive protein of marine mussels, we demonstrate encapsulation of FNDs within a polydopamine (PDA) shell. These PDA surfaces are readily modified via Michael addition or Schiff base reactions with molecules presenting thiol or nitrogen derivatives. We describe modification of PDA shells by thiol terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-SH) molecules to enhance colloidal stability and biocompatibility of FNDs. We demonstrate their use as fluorescent probes for cell imaging; we find that PEGylated FNDs are taken up by HeLa cells and mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and exhibit reduced nonspecific membrane adhesion. Furthermore, we demonstrate functionalization with biotin-PEG-SH and perform long-term high-resolution single-molecule fluorescence based tracking measurements of FNDs tethered via streptavidin to individual biotinylated DNA molecules. Our robust polydopamine encapsulation and functionalization strategy presents a facile route to develop FNDs as multifunctional labels, drug delivery vehicles, and targeting agents for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak-Sung Jung
- Laboratory of Single Molecule Biophysics, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kyung-Jin Cho
- Experimental Immunology Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yeonee Seol
- Laboratory of Single Molecule Biophysics, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yasuharu Takagi
- Laboratory of Single Molecule Biophysics, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrew Dittmore
- Laboratory of Single Molecule Biophysics, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paul A Roche
- Experimental Immunology Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Keir C Neuman
- Laboratory of Single Molecule Biophysics, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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24
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Ostarcevic ER, Jacangelo J, Gray SR, Cran MJ. Current and Emerging Techniques for High-Pressure Membrane Integrity Testing. MEMBRANES 2018; 8:E60. [PMID: 30096937 PMCID: PMC6161006 DOI: 10.3390/membranes8030060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ideally, pressure driven membrane processes used in wastewater treatment such as reverse osmosis and nanofiltration should provide a complete physical barrier to the passage of pathogens such as enteric viruses. In reality, manufacturing imperfections combined with membrane ageing and damage can result in breaches as small as 20 to 30 nm in diameter, sufficient to allow enteric viruses to contaminate the treated water and compromise public health. In addition to continuous monitoring, frequent demonstration of the integrity of membranes is required to provide assurance that the barrier to the passage of such contaminants is intact. Existing membrane integrity monitoring systems, however, are limited and health regulators typically credit high-pressure membrane systems with only 2 log10 virus rejection, well below their capability. A reliable real-time method that can recognize the true rejection potential of membrane systems greater than 4 log10 has not yet been established. This review provides a critical evaluation of the current methods of integrity monitoring and identifies novel approaches that have the potential to provide accurate, representative virus removal efficiency estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddy R Ostarcevic
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Werribee 3030, Australia.
| | | | - Stephen R Gray
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Werribee 3030, Australia.
| | - Marlene J Cran
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Werribee 3030, Australia.
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25
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Kovaříček P, Cebecauer M, Neburková J, Bartoň J, Fridrichová M, Drogowska KA, Cigler P, Lehn JM, Kalbac M. Proton-Gradient-Driven Oriented Motion of Nanodiamonds Grafted to Graphene by Dynamic Covalent Bonds. ACS NANO 2018; 12:7141-7147. [PMID: 29889492 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating nanoscopic objects by external stimuli is the cornerstone of nanoscience. Here, we report the implementation of dynamic covalent chemistry in the reversible binding and directional motion of fluorescent nanodiamond particles at a functionalized graphene surface via imine linkages. The dynamic connections allow for controlling the formation and rupture of these linkages by external stimuli. By introduction of pH gradients, the nanoparticles are driven to move along the gradient due to the different rates of the imine condensation and hydrolysis in the two environments. The multivalent nature of the particle-to-surface connection ensures that particles remain attached to the surface, whereas its dynamic character allows for exchange reaction, thus leading to displacement yet bound behavior in two-dimensional space. These results open a pathway for thermodynamically controlled manipulation of objects on the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Kovaříček
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 2155/3 , 182 23 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Marek Cebecauer
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 2155/3 , 182 23 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Neburková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo náměstí 2 , 166 10 Prague , Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine , Charles University , Kateřinská 32 , 121 08 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bartoň
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo náměstí 2 , 166 10 Prague , Czech Republic
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Charles University , Hlavova 2030 , 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Fridrichová
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 2155/3 , 182 23 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Karolina A Drogowska
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 2155/3 , 182 23 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Petr Cigler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo náměstí 2 , 166 10 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires , Université de Strasbourg , 8 allée Gaspard Monge , 670 00 Strasbourg , France
| | - Martin Kalbac
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 2155/3 , 182 23 Prague , Czech Republic
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26
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Woodhams B, Ansel-Bollepalli L, Surmacki J, Knowles H, Maggini L, de Volder M, Atatüre M, Bohndiek S. Graphitic and oxidised high pressure high temperature (HPHT) nanodiamonds induce differential biological responses in breast cancer cell lines. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:12169-12179. [PMID: 29917033 PMCID: PMC6034157 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02177e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds have demonstrated potential as powerful sensors in biomedicine, however, their translation into routine use requires a comprehensive understanding of their effect on the biological system being interrogated. Under normal fabrication processes, nanodiamonds are produced with a graphitic carbon shell, but are often oxidized in order to modify their surface chemistry for targeting to specific cellular compartments. Here, we assessed the biological impact of this purification process, considering cellular proliferation, uptake, and oxidative stress for graphitic and oxidized nanodiamond surfaces. We show for the first time that oxidized nanodiamonds possess improved biocompatibility compared to graphitic nanodiamonds in breast cancer cell lines, with graphitic nanodiamonds inducing higher levels of oxidative stress despite lower uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Woodhams
- Cavendish Laboratory
, Department of Physics
, University of Cambridge
,
JJ Thomson Avenue
, Cambridge
, CB3 0HE
, UK
.
;
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute
, University of Cambridge
, Li Ka Shing Centre
,
Robinson Way
, Cambridge
, CB2 0RE
, UK
| | - Laura Ansel-Bollepalli
- Cavendish Laboratory
, Department of Physics
, University of Cambridge
,
JJ Thomson Avenue
, Cambridge
, CB3 0HE
, UK
.
;
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute
, University of Cambridge
, Li Ka Shing Centre
,
Robinson Way
, Cambridge
, CB2 0RE
, UK
| | - Jakub Surmacki
- Cavendish Laboratory
, Department of Physics
, University of Cambridge
,
JJ Thomson Avenue
, Cambridge
, CB3 0HE
, UK
.
;
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute
, University of Cambridge
, Li Ka Shing Centre
,
Robinson Way
, Cambridge
, CB2 0RE
, UK
| | - Helena Knowles
- Cavendish Laboratory
, Department of Physics
, University of Cambridge
,
JJ Thomson Avenue
, Cambridge
, CB3 0HE
, UK
.
;
| | - Laura Maggini
- Institute for Manufacturing
, Department of Engineering
, University of Cambridge
,
17 Charles Babbage Rd
, Cambridge
, CB3 0FS
, UK
| | - Michael de Volder
- Institute for Manufacturing
, Department of Engineering
, University of Cambridge
,
17 Charles Babbage Rd
, Cambridge
, CB3 0FS
, UK
| | - Mete Atatüre
- Cavendish Laboratory
, Department of Physics
, University of Cambridge
,
JJ Thomson Avenue
, Cambridge
, CB3 0HE
, UK
.
;
| | - Sarah Bohndiek
- Cavendish Laboratory
, Department of Physics
, University of Cambridge
,
JJ Thomson Avenue
, Cambridge
, CB3 0HE
, UK
.
;
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute
, University of Cambridge
, Li Ka Shing Centre
,
Robinson Way
, Cambridge
, CB2 0RE
, UK
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27
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Chipaux M, van der Laan KJ, Hemelaar SR, Hasani M, Zheng T, Schirhagl R. Nanodiamonds and Their Applications in Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1704263. [PMID: 29573338 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201704263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Diamonds owe their fame to a unique set of outstanding properties. They combine a high refractive index, hardness, great stability and inertness, and low electrical but high thermal conductivity. Diamond defects have recently attracted a lot of attention. Given this unique list of properties, it is not surprising that diamond nanoparticles are utilized for numerous applications. Due to their hardness, they are routinely used as abrasives. Their small and uniform size qualifies them as attractive carriers for drug delivery. The stable fluorescence of diamond defects allows their use as stable single photon sources or biolabels. The magnetic properties of the defects make them stable spin qubits in quantum information. This property also allows their use as a sensor for temperature, magnetic fields, electric fields, or strain. This Review focuses on applications in cells. Different diamond materials and the special requirements for the respective applications are discussed. Methods to chemically modify the surface of diamonds and the different hurdles one has to overcome when working with cells, such as entering the cells and biocompatibility, are described. Finally, the recent developments and applications in labeling, sensing, drug delivery, theranostics, antibiotics, and tissue engineering are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayeul Chipaux
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AW, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kiran J van der Laan
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AW, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon R Hemelaar
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AW, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Masoumeh Hasani
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838683, Iran
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Drug Addiction and Medication Safety, Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital & Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen-PKU-HKUST Medical Center, 518036, Shenzhen, China
| | - Romana Schirhagl
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AW, Groningen, The Netherlands
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28
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Hopper DA, Grote RR, Parks SM, Bassett LC. Amplified Sensitivity of Nitrogen-Vacancy Spins in Nanodiamonds Using All-Optical Charge Readout. ACS NANO 2018; 12:4678-4686. [PMID: 29652481 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds containing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers offer a versatile platform for sensing applications spanning from nanomagnetism to in vivo monitoring of cellular processes. In many cases, however, weak optical signals and poor contrast demand long acquisition times that prevent the measurement of environmental dynamics. Here, we demonstrate the ability to perform fast, high-contrast optical measurements of charge distributions in ensembles of NV centers in nanodiamonds and use the technique to improve the spin-readout signal-to-noise ratio through spin-to-charge conversion. A study of 38 nanodiamonds with sizes ranging between 20 and 70 nm, each hosting a small ensemble of NV centers, uncovers complex, multiple time scale dynamics due to radiative and nonradiative ionization and recombination processes. Nonetheless, the NV-containing nanodiamonds universally exhibit charge-dependent photoluminescence contrasts and the potential for enhanced spin readout using spin-to-charge conversion. We use the technique to speed up a T1 relaxometry measurement by a factor of 5.
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29
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Zhang B, Feng X, Yin H, Ge Z, Wang Y, Chu Z, Raabova H, Vavra J, Cigler P, Liu R, Wang Y, Li Q. Anchored but not internalized: shape dependent endocytosis of nanodiamond. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46462. [PMID: 28406172 PMCID: PMC5390292 DOI: 10.1038/srep46462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle-cell interactions begin with the cellular uptake of the nanoparticles, a process that eventually determines their cellular fate. In the present work, we show that the morphological features of nanodiamonds (NDs) affect both the anchoring and internalization stages of their endocytosis. While a prickly ND (with sharp edges/corners) has no trouble of anchoring onto the plasma membrane, it suffers from difficult internalization afterwards. In comparison, the internalization of a round ND (obtained by selective etching of the prickly ND) is not limited by its lower anchoring amount and presents a much higher endocytosis amount. Molecular dynamics simulation and continuum modelling results suggest that the observed difference in the anchoring of round and prickly NDs likely results from the reduced contact surface area with the cell membrane of the former, while the energy penalty associated with membrane curvature generation, which is lower for a round ND, may explain its higher probability of the subsequent internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokai Zhang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territory, Hong Kong
| | - Xi Feng
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territory, Hong Kong
| | - Hang Yin
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territory, Hong Kong
| | - Zhenpeng Ge
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territory, Hong Kong
| | - Yanhuan Wang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territory, Hong Kong
| | - Zhiqin Chu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territory, Hong Kong
| | - Helena Raabova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vavra
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Cigler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Renbao Liu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territory, Hong Kong
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territory, Hong Kong
| | - Quan Li
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territory, Hong Kong
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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30
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Combinatorial nanodiamond in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Int J Pharm 2016; 514:41-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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31
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Ansari SA, Satar R, Jafri MA, Rasool M, Ahmad W, Kashif Zaidi S. Role of Nanodiamonds in Drug Delivery and Stem Cell Therapy. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 14:130-141. [PMID: 28959329 PMCID: PMC5492243 DOI: 10.15171/ijb.1320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The use of nanotechnology in medicine and more specifically drug delivery is set to spread rapidly. Currently many substances are under investigation for drug delivery and more specifically for cancer therapy. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Nanodiamonds (NDs) have contributed significantly in the development of highly efficient and successful drug delivery systems, and in stem cell therapy. Drug delivery through NDs is an intricate and complex process that deserves special attention to unravel underlying molecular mechanisms in order to overcome certain bottlenecks associated with it. It has already been established that NDs based drug delivery systems have excellent biocompatibility, nontoxicity, photostability and facile surface functionalization properties. RESULTS There is mounting evidence that suggests that such conjugated delivery systems well retain the properties of nanoparticles like small size, large surface area to volume ratio that provide greater biocatalytic activity to the attached drug in terms of selectivity, loading and stability. CONCLUSIONS NDs based drug delivery systems may form the basis for the development of effective novel drug delivery vehicles with salient features that may facilitate their utility in fluorescence imaging, target specificity and sustainedrelease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Ahmed Ansari
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rukhsana Satar
- Department of Biochemistry, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah-21418, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alam Jafri
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Rasool
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Waseem Ahmad
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Kashif Zaidi
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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32
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Moore L, Yang J, Lan TTH, Osawa E, Lee DK, Johnson WD, Xi J, Chow EKH, Ho D. Biocompatibility Assessment of Detonation Nanodiamond in Non-Human Primates and Rats Using Histological, Hematologic, and Urine Analysis. ACS NANO 2016; 10:7385-400. [PMID: 27439019 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) have been widely explored for biomedical applications ranging from cancer therapy to magnetic resonance imaging due to several promising properties. These include faceted surfaces that mediate potent drug binding and water coordination that have resulted in marked enhancements to the efficacy and safety of drug delivery and imaging. In addition, scalable processing of DNDs yields uniform particles. Furthermore, a broad spectrum of biocompatibility studies has shown that DNDs appear to be well-tolerated. Prior to the clinical translation of DNDs for indications that are addressed via intravenous administration, comprehensive assessment of DND safety in both small and large animal preclinical models is needed. This article reports the results of a DND biocompatibility study in both non-human primates and rats. The rat study was performed as a multiple dose subacute investigation in two cohorts that lasted for 2 weeks and included histological, serum, and urine analysis. The non-human primate study was performed as a dual gender, multiple dose, and long-term investigation in both standard/clinically relevant and elevated dosing cohorts that lasted for 6 months and included comprehensive serum, urine, histological, and body weight analysis. The results from these studies indicate that NDs are well-tolerated at clinically relevant doses. Examination of dose-dependent changes in biomarker levels provides important guidance for the downstream in-human validation of DNDs for clinical drug delivery and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Junyu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, China 100871
| | - Thanh T Ha Lan
- Alverno Clinical Laboratories , Hammond, Indiana 46324, United States
| | - Eiji Osawa
- NanoCarbon Research Institute, Asama Research Extension Centre, Shinshu University , Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | | | - William D Johnson
- Life Sciences Group, IIT Research Institute , Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Jianzhong Xi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, China 100871
| | - Edward Kai-Hua Chow
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117599
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117600
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33
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Petrakova V, Benson V, Buncek M, Fiserova A, Ledvina M, Stursa J, Cigler P, Nesladek M. Imaging of transfection and intracellular release of intact, non-labeled DNA using fluorescent nanodiamonds. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:12002-12. [PMID: 27240633 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr00610h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Efficient delivery of stabilized nucleic acids (NAs) into cells and release of the NA payload are crucial points in the transfection process. Here we report on the fabrication of a nanoscopic cellular delivery carrier that is additionally combined with a label-free intracellular sensor device, based on biocompatible fluorescent nanodiamond particles. The sensing function is engineered into nanodiamonds by using nitrogen-vacancy color centers, providing stable non-blinking luminescence. The device is used for monitoring NA transfection and the payload release in cells. The unpacking of NAs from a poly(ethyleneimine)-terminated nanodiamond surface is monitored using the color shift of nitrogen-vacancy centers in the diamond, which serve as a nanoscopic electric charge sensor. The proposed device innovates the strategies for NA imaging and delivery, by providing detection of the intracellular release of non-labeled NAs without affecting cellular processing of the NAs. Our system highlights the potential of nanodiamonds to act not merely as labels but also as non-toxic and non-photobleachable fluorescent biosensors reporting complex molecular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Petrakova
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna sq. 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic and Institute of Physics AS CR, v.v.i, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - V Benson
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna sq. 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic and Institute of Microbiology AS CR, v.v.i, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - M Buncek
- Generi Biotech Ltd., Machkova 587, 500 11 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - A Fiserova
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna sq. 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic and Institute of Microbiology AS CR, v.v.i, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - M Ledvina
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna sq. 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic and Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - J Stursa
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, v.v.i., 250 68, Rez near Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Cigler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - M Nesladek
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna sq. 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic and IMEC Division IMOMEC, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium and Institute for Materials Research, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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34
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Hsiao WWW, Hui YY, Tsai PC, Chang HC. Fluorescent Nanodiamond: A Versatile Tool for Long-Term Cell Tracking, Super-Resolution Imaging, and Nanoscale Temperature Sensing. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:400-7. [PMID: 26882283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) has recently played a central role in fueling new discoveries in interdisciplinary fields spanning biology, chemistry, physics, and materials sciences. The nanoparticle is unique in that it contains a high density ensemble of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV(-)) centers as built-in fluorophores. The center possesses a number of outstanding optical and magnetic properties. First, NV(-) has an absorption maximum at ∼550 nm, and when exposed to green-orange light, it emits bright fluorescence at ∼700 nm with a lifetime of longer than 10 ns. These spectroscopic properties are little affected by surface modification but are distinctly different from those of cell autofluorescence and thus enable background-free imaging of FNDs in tissue sections. Such characteristics together with its excellent biocompatibility render FND ideal for long-term cell tracking applications, particularly in stem cell research. Next, as an artificial atom in the solid state, the NV(-) center is perfectly photostable, without photobleaching and blinking. Therefore, the NV-containing FND is suitable as a contrast agent for super-resolution imaging by stimulated emission depletion (STED). An improvement of the spatial resolution by 20-fold is readily achievable by using a high-power STED laser to deplete the NV(-) fluorescence. Such improvement is crucial in revealing the detailed structures of biological complexes and assemblies, including cellular organelles and subcellular compartments. Further enhancement of the resolution for live cell imaging is possible by manipulating the charge states of the NV centers. As the "brightest" member of the nanocarbon family, FND holds great promise and potential for bioimaging with unprecedented resolution and precision. Lastly, the NV(-) center in diamond is an atom-like quantum system with a total electron spin of 1. The ground states of the spins show a crystal field splitting of 2.87 GHz, separating the ms = 0 and ±1 sublevels. Interestingly, the transitions between the spin sublevels can be optically detected and manipulated by microwave radiation, a technique known as optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR). In addition, the electron spins have an exceptionally long coherence time, making FND useful for ultrasensitive detection of temperature at the nanoscale. Pump-probe-type nanothermometry with a temporal resolution of better than 10 μs has been achieved with a three-point sampling method. Gold/diamond nanohybrids have also been developed for highly localized hyperthermia applications. This Account provides a summary of the recent advances in FND-enabled technologies with a special focus on long-term cell tracking, super-resolution imaging, and nanoscale temperature sensing. These emerging and multifaceted technologies are in synchronicity with modern imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuen Yung Hui
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chang Tsai
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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35
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Bartelmess J, Quinn SJ, Giordani S. Carbon nanomaterials: multi-functional agents for biomedical fluorescence and Raman imaging. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 44:4672-98. [PMID: 25406743 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00306c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Carbon based nanomaterials have emerged over the last few years as important agents for biomedical fluorescence and Raman imaging applications. These spectroscopic techniques utilize either fluorescently labelled carbon nanomaterials or the intrinsic photophysical properties of the carbon nanomaterial. In this review article we present the utilization and performance of several classes of carbon nanomaterials, namely carbon nanotubes, carbon nanohorns, carbon nanoonions, nanodiamonds and different graphene derivatives, which are currently employed for in vitro as well as in vivo imaging in biology and medicine. A variety of different approaches, imaging agents and techniques are examined and the specific properties of the various carbon based imaging agents are discussed. Some theranostic carbon nanomaterials, which combine diagnostic features (i.e. imaging) with cell specific targeting and therapeutic approaches (i.e. drug delivery or photothermal therapy), are also included in this overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bartelmess
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Nano Carbon Materials, Nanophysics Department, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
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36
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Nanodiamonds: Behavior in Biological Systems and Emerging Bioapplications. SPRINGER SERIES IN BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22861-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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37
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Lee DK, Kim SV, Limansubroto AN, Yen A, Soundia A, Wang CY, Shi W, Hong C, Tetradis S, Kim Y, Park NH, Kang MK, Ho D. Nanodiamond-Gutta Percha Composite Biomaterials for Root Canal Therapy. ACS NANO 2015; 9:11490-501. [PMID: 26452304 PMCID: PMC4660386 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b05718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Root canal therapy (RCT) represents a standard of treatment that addresses infected pulp tissue in teeth and protects against future infection. RCT involves removing dental pulp comprising blood vessels and nerve tissue, decontaminating residually infected tissue through biomechanical instrumentation, and root canal obturation using a filler material to replace the space that was previously composed of dental pulp. Gutta percha (GP) is typically used as the filler material, as it is malleable, inert, and biocompatible. While filling the root canal space with GP is the standard of care for endodontic therapies, it has exhibited limitations including leakage, root canal reinfection, and poor mechanical properties. To address these challenges, clinicians have explored the use of alternative root filling materials other than GP. Among the classes of materials that are being explored as novel endodontic therapy platforms, nanodiamonds (NDs) may offer unique advantages due to their favorable properties, particularly for dental applications. These include versatile faceted surface chemistry, biocompatibility, and their role in improving mechanical properties, among others. This study developed a ND-embedded GP (NDGP) that was functionalized with amoxicillin, a broad-spectrum antibiotic commonly used for endodontic infection. Comprehensive materials characterization confirmed improved mechanical properties of NDGP over unmodified GP. In addition, digital radiography and microcomputed tomography imaging demonstrated that obturation of root canals with NDGP could be achieved using clinically relevant techniques. Furthermore, bacterial growth inhibition assays confirmed drug functionality of NDGP functionalized with amoxicillin. This study demonstrates a promising path toward NDGP implementation in future endodontic therapy for improved treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Keun Lee
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sue Vin Kim
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Adelheid Nerisa Limansubroto
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Albert Yen
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Akrivoula Soundia
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Cun-Yu Wang
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Wenyuan Shi
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Christine Hong
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sotirios Tetradis
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yong Kim
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- UCLA Broad Stem Cell Research Center, Box 957357, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - No-Hee Park
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Mo K. Kang
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Dean Ho
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences-Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Growth & Development-Section of Orthodontics, Laboratory of Stem Cell & Cancer Epigenetic Research, Center for Oral and Head/Neck Oncology Research Center, Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences-Section of Endodontics, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, and Laboratory Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Petrakova V, Rehor I, Stursa J, Ledvina M, Nesladek M, Cigler P. Charge-sensitive fluorescent nanosensors created from nanodiamonds. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:12307-11. [PMID: 26138745 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr00712g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We show that fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are among the few types of nanosensors that enable direct optical reading of noncovalent molecular events. The unique sensing mechanism is based on switching between the negatively charged and neutral states of NV centers which is induced by the interaction of the FND surface with charged molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Petrakova
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna sq. 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic.
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39
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Thermo- and pH-responsive fluorescence behaviors of sulfur-functionalized detonation nanodiamond-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). Colloid Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-015-3531-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Vaitkuviene A, Ratautaite V, Ramanaviciene A, Sanen K, Paesen R, Ameloot M, Petrakova V, McDonald M, Vahidpour F, Kaseta V, Ramanauskaite G, Biziuleviciene G, Nesladek M, Ramanavicius A. Impact of diamond nanoparticles on neural cells. Mol Cell Probes 2015; 29:25-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Sotoma S, Akagi K, Hosokawa S, Igarashi R, Tochio H, Harada Y, Shirakawa M. Comprehensive and quantitative analysis for controlling the physical/chemical states and particle properties of nanodiamonds for biological applications. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16482b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The physical/chemical states and properties of nanodiamonds subjected to thermal annealing and air oxidation, which are indispensable processes for the preparation of fluorescent nanodiamonds, were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Sotoma
- Department of Molecular Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - K. Akagi
- Section of Laboratory Equipment
- National Institute of Biomedical Innovation
- Osaka
- Japan
| | - S. Hosokawa
- Department of Molecular Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - R. Igarashi
- Department of Molecular Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - H. Tochio
- Department of Biophysics
- Graduate School of Science
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8502
- Japan
| | - Y. Harada
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS)
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
| | - M. Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
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Moore L, Grobárová V, Shen H, Man HB, Míčová J, Ledvina M, Štursa J, Nesladek M, Fišerová A, Ho D. Comprehensive interrogation of the cellular response to fluorescent, detonation and functionalized nanodiamonds. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:11712-21. [PMID: 25037888 PMCID: PMC4399863 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr02570a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) are versatile nanoparticles that are currently being investigated for a variety of applications in drug delivery, biomedical imaging and nanoscale sensing. Although initial studies indicate that these small gems are biocompatible, there is a great deal of variability in synthesis methods and surface functionalization that has yet to be evaluated. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of the cellular compatibility of an array of nanodiamond subtypes and surface functionalization strategies. These results demonstrate that NDs are well tolerated by multiple cell types at both functional and gene expression levels. In addition, ND-mediated delivery of daunorubicin is less toxic to multiple cell types than treatment with daunorubicin alone, thus demonstrating the ability of the ND agent to improve drug tolerance and decrease therapeutic toxicity. Overall, the results here indicate that ND biocompatibility serves as a promising foundation for continued preclinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Moore
- Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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43
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Slegerova J, Rehor I, Havlik J, Raabova H, Muchova E, Cigler P. Nanodiamonds as Intracellular Probes for Imaging in Biology and Medicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-8896-0_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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44
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Schirhagl R, Chang K, Loretz M, Degen CL. Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond: Nanoscale Sensors for Physics and Biology. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2014; 65:83-105. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-040513-103659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 803] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Chang
- Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Michael Loretz
- Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland;
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45
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Chu Z, Zhang S, Zhang B, Zhang C, Fang CY, Rehor I, Cigler P, Chang HC, Lin G, Liu R, Li Q. Unambiguous observation of shape effects on cellular fate of nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4495. [PMID: 24675513 PMCID: PMC3968459 DOI: 10.1038/srep04495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular fate of nanoparticles is vital to application of nanoparticles to cell imaging, bio-sensing, drug delivery, suppression of drug resistance, gene delivery, and cytotoxicity analysis. However, the current studies on cellular fate of nanoparticles have been controversial due to complications of interplay between many possible factors. By well-controlled experiments, we demonstrated unambiguously that the morphology of nanoparticles independently determined their cellular fate. We found that nanoparticles with sharp shapes, regardless of their surface chemistry, size, or composition, could pierce the membranes of endosomes that carried them into the cells and escape to the cytoplasm, which in turn significantly reduced the cellular excretion rate of the nanoparticles. Such features of sharp-shaped nanoparticles are essential for drug delivery, gene delivery, subcellular targeting, and long-term tracking. This work opens up a controllable, purely geometrical and hence safe, degree of freedom for manipulating nanoparticle-cell interaction, with numerous applications in medicine, bio-imaging, and bio-sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Chu
- Department of Physics and Centre for Quantum Coherence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Silu Zhang
- Department of Physics and Centre for Quantum Coherence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Bokai Zhang
- Department of Physics and Centre for Quantum Coherence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Chunyuan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Chia-Yi Fang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ivan Rehor
- Laboratory of Synthetic Nanochemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Cigler
- Laboratory of Synthetic Nanochemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ge Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Renbao Liu
- Department of Physics and Centre for Quantum Coherence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong ShenZhen Research Institute, ShenZhen, China
| | - Quan Li
- Department of Physics and Centre for Quantum Coherence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong ShenZhen Research Institute, ShenZhen, China
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Rehor I, Slegerova J, Kucka J, Proks V, Petrakova V, Adam MP, Treussart F, Turner S, Bals S, Sacha P, Ledvina M, Wen AM, Steinmetz NF, Cigler P. Fluorescent nanodiamonds embedded in biocompatible translucent shells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:1106-15. [PMID: 24500945 PMCID: PMC5207051 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201302336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
High pressure high temperature (HPHT) nanodiamonds (NDs) represent extremely promising materials for construction of fluorescent nanoprobes and nanosensors. However, some properties of bare NDs limit their direct use in these applications: they precipitate in biological solutions, only a limited set of bio-orthogonal conjugation techniques is available and the accessible material is greatly polydisperse in shape. In this work, we encapsulate bright 30-nm fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) in 10-20-nm thick translucent (i.e., not altering FND fluorescence) silica shells, yielding monodisperse near-spherical particles of mean diameter 66 nm. High yield modification of the shells with PEG chains stabilizes the particles in ionic solutions, making them applicable in biological environments. We further modify the opposite ends of PEG chains with fluorescent dyes or vectoring peptide using click chemistry. High conversion of this bio-orthogonal coupling yielded circa 2000 dye or peptide molecules on a single FND. We demonstrate the superior properties of these particles by in vitro interaction with human prostate cancer cells: while bare nanodiamonds strongly aggregate in the buffer and adsorb onto the cell membrane, the shell encapsulated NDs do not adsorb nonspecifically and they penetrate inside the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Rehor
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, AS CR, v.v.i. Flemingovo nam. 2, Prague 6, 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Slegerova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, AS CR, v.v.i. Flemingovo nam. 2, Prague 6, 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kucka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, v.v.i. Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6, 162 06, Czech Republic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, v.v.i. Rez near Prague, 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Proks
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, v.v.i. Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimira Petrakova
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sítná sq. 3105, 272 01 Kladno (Czech Republic) and Institute of Physics AS CR, v.v.i, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Marie-Pierre Adam
- Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire, UMR 8537 CNRS and ENS Cachan, F-94235 Cachan (France), Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris Sud and ENS Cachan, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | - François Treussart
- Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire, UMR 8537 CNRS and ENS Cachan, F-94235 Cachan (France), Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris Sud and ENS Cachan, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | - Stuart Turner
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sara Bals
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pavel Sacha
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, AS CR, v.v.i. Flemingovo nam. 2, Prague 6, 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Ledvina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, AS CR, v.v.i. Flemingovo nam. 2, Prague 6, 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Amy M. Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine and Engineering, 10990 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicole F. Steinmetz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine and Engineering, 10990 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Petr Cigler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, AS CR, v.v.i. Flemingovo nam. 2, Prague 6, 166 10, Czech Republic
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47
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Rehor I, Mackova H, Filippov SK, Kucka J, Proks V, Slegerova J, Turner S, Van Tendeloo G, Ledvina M, Hruby M, Cigler P. Fluorescent Nanodiamonds with Bioorthogonally Reactive Protein-Resistant Polymeric Coatings. Chempluschem 2013; 79:21-24. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201300339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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48
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Hui YY, Chang HC. Recent Developments and Applications of Nanodiamonds as Versatile Bioimaging Agents. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201300346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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