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Kamila S, Dey KK, Islam S, Chattopadhyay A. Arsenic and chromium induced hepatotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) at environmentally relevant concentrations: Mixture effects and involvement of Nrf2-Keap1-ARE pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:171221. [PMID: 38402821 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) and chromium (Cr), two well-known cytotoxic and carcinogenic metals are reported to coexist in industrial effluents and groundwater. Their individual toxicities have been thoroughly studied but the combined effects, especially the mechanism of toxicity and cellular stress response remain unclear. Considering co-exposure as a more realistic scenario, current study compared the individual and mixture effects of As and Cr in the liver of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Fish were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of As and Cr for 15, 30 and 60 days. ROS generation, biochemical stress parameters like lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione content, catalase activity and histological alterations were studied. Results showed increase in ROS production, MDA content and GSH level; and vicissitude in catalase activity as well as altered histoarchitecture, indicating oxidative stress conditions after individual and combined exposure of As and Cr which were additive in nature. This study also included the expression of Nrf2, the key regulator of antioxidant stress responses and its nuclear translocation. Related antioxidant and xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme genes like keap1, nqo1, ho1, mnsod and cyp1a were also studied. Overall results indicated increased nrf2, nqo1, ho1, mnsod expression at all time points and increased cyp1a expression after 60 days exposure. Emphasizing on the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway, this study exhibited additive or sometimes synergistic effects of As and Cr in zebrafish liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreejata Kamila
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Koushik Kumar Dey
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Shehnaz Islam
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
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Islam N, Roy K, Barman P, Rabha S, Bora HK, Khare P, Konwar R, Saikia BK. Chemical and toxicological studies on black crust formed over historical monuments as a probable health hazard. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 464:132939. [PMID: 37988938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Studies to date have mostly investigated environmental factors responsible for deterioration of historical monuments. Black crusts formed on historical monuments are considered as factor for deterioration of structures or as an indicator of environmental status of the surrounding area. Black crust formed on historical monuments has never been investigated as a health hazard. Herein, for the first time, we performed in vitro and in vivo toxicology studies of black crust formed on three culturally-rich historical monuments (Rang Ghar, Kareng Ghar, and Talatal Ghar) of the Indian subcontinent to test their toxicological effect. Black crust suspension in ultrapure water was found not to be considerably toxic to the cells upon direct short-term exposure. However, the sub-acute nasal exposure of the black crust suspension in Swiss albino mice produced lung-specific pathologies and mortality. Additionally, structural formation of the black crust along with the speciation of potentially hazardous elements (PHEs), polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), and other metals were investigated. Overall, these results indicate the potential of black crust deposited on historical monuments as health hazard owing to the atmospheric pollution of the surroundings. However, it may be noted that black crust and its components have very low possibility of health implication unless they are disturbed without proper care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazrul Islam
- Coal & Energy Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat 785006, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kallol Roy
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Biotechnology Group, Biological Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Pankaj Barman
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Biotechnology Group, Biological Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Shahadev Rabha
- Coal & Energy Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat 785006, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Himangsu Kousik Bora
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Biotechnology Group, Biological Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Puja Khare
- Crop Production and Protection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rituraj Konwar
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Biotechnology Group, Biological Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Binoy K Saikia
- Coal & Energy Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat 785006, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Alur A, Phillips J, Xu D. Effects of hexavalent chromium on mitochondria and their implications in carcinogenesis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2024; 42:109-125. [PMID: 38230947 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2024.2301899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a well-known occupational and environmental human carcinogen. The cellular effect of Cr(VI) is complex and often nonspecific due to its ability to modulate multiple cellular targets. The toxicity of Cr(VI) is strongly linked to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during its reduction process. ROS can cause oxidation of cellular macromolecules, such as proteins, lipids, and DNA, thereby altering their functions. A major genotoxic effect of Cr(VI) that contributes to carcinogenesis is the formation of DNA adducts, which can lead to DNA damage. Modulations of cellular signaling pathways and epigenetics may also contribute to the carcinogenic effects of Cr(VI). Cr(VI) has a major impact on many aspects of mitochondrial biology, including oxidative phosphorylation, mitophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis. These effects have the potential to alter the trajectory of Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenic process. This perspective article summarizes current understandings of the effect of Cr(VI) on mitochondria and discusses the future directions of research in this area, particularly with regard to carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Alur
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - John Phillips
- Department of Urology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Dazhong Xu
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, USA
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Shi YXX, Cui JQ, Zhang F, Li KW, Jiang J, Xu RK. Effects of soil pH and organic carbon content on in vitro Cr bioaccessibility in Ultisol, Alfisol, and Inceptisol. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 336:139274. [PMID: 37343637 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a toxic heavy metal and its mobility and bioaccessibility in soils are influenced by soil properties. In this study, the soil pH and organic carbon contents of Ultisol, Alfisol, and Inceptisol were adjusted before they were polluted with 230 mg kg-1 Cr(VI). Alkaline digestion, sequential extraction, and an in vitro experiment were conducted to study the valence state, species, and bioaccessibility of Cr in the soils. The results showed that a high soil pH was not favorable for reduction of Cr(VI); therefore the Cr(VI) and exchangeable Cr contents were positively related to soil pH. Soil organic carbon promoted the reduction of Cr(VI). Almost all Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III) when the soil organic carbon content reached 10 g kg-1. Chromium bioaccessibility in simulated gastric and intestinal phase solutions was influenced by Cr(VI) and Cr(III) adsorption/desorption, dissolution/precipitation, and redox reactions. Chromium bioaccessibility differences between the gastric and intestinal phases were associated with the Cr(VI)/Cr(III) ratio. Acidic conditions and a high organic carbon content promoted the conversion of Cr(VI) to Cr(III). When soil pH was increased from 4.01 to 5.85, Cr(VI) in Alfisol without the addition of humic acid increased from 96.38 to 174.78 mg kg-1, the exchangeable Cr proportion increased from 9.7% to 22.6%, and Cr bioaccessibility increased from 41.29% to 49.14% in the gastric phase and from 41.32% to 48.24% in the intestinal phase. When the organic content increased from 3.95 to 9.28 g kg-1 in Alfisol, Cr(VI) content decreased from 167.66 to 20.52 mg kg-1, which led to a decrease in Cr bioaccessibility from 49.15% to 13.8% in the gastric phase and from 45.85% to 7.67% in the intestinal phase. Therefore, acidic conditions and increasing soil organic carbon levels can reduce the health risk posed by Cr in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Xiao-Xiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 821, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jia-Qi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 821, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 821, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 821, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 821, Nanjing, China
| | - Ren-Kou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 821, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Kamila S, Shaw P, Islam S, Chattopadhyay A. Ecotoxicology of hexavalent chromium in fish: An updated review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 890:164395. [PMID: 37257624 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is prevalently found in trivalent and hexavalent forms. Though the former is toxicologically benign due to its poor cellular permeability, hexavalent chromium i.e. Cr [VI] crosses the biological membrane and induces toxic effects in organisms. While Cr [VI] toxicity in humans is a subject of occupational exposure at industries involved in ferrochrome production, leather tanning, textile dyeing etc., aquatic abundance of Cr [VI] due to discharge of Cr-laden effluents by these industries lead to extensive toxicity in piscine species. The present review aims to discuss the mode of Cr [VI] entry in fish and the several inimical effects that it imparts on fish health. Such effects have been reported in various studies through behavioral, hormonal and hematological alterations. Bio-accumulation of Cr [VI] in vital organs and subsequent perturbation of the oxidative homeostasis leads to organotoxic effects like changes in organo-somatic indices and histo-architecture. At cellular level, Cr [VI] induced genotoxicity is often found to trigger cellular demise including apoptosis. This review also highlights the stress response in fish against Cr [VI] induced toxicity that is mediated through the expressional alteration of a myriad of anti-oxidant and xenobiotic-metabolizing proteins which is, in turn, a function of activated transcription programs including the Nrf2-ARE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreejata Kamila
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Pallab Shaw
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Shehnaz Islam
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
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Lee M, Jung S, Do G, Yang Y, Kim J, Yoon C. Measurement of Airborne Particles and Volatile Organic Compounds Produced During the Heat Treatment Process in Manufacturing Welding Materials. Saf Health Work 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Rashad WA, Saadawy SF, Refaay NE. Mitigating effect of L-carnitine against atrazine-induced hepatotoxicity: histopathological and biochemical analyses in albino rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:22034-22045. [PMID: 36282381 PMCID: PMC9938065 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23568-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR) is an extensively used herbicide that is often found in drinking water and waterways. After metabolization and excretion in the liver, ATR residues or its metabolites were found in tissues causing harmful effects mainly to the endocrine system and liver. This study aimed to elucidate the toxic impact of ATR on the liver and possible ameliorative effects of L-carnitine (LC). It utilized 30 adult male albino rats divided into three equal groups; the control group received 0.5 cc distilled water orally for 14 days, an ATR-treated group received ATR in a dose of 400 mg/kg BW dissolved in distilled water by oral gavage daily for 14 days, and a protected group (ATR + LC) received 400 mg/kg BW of ATR dissolved in distilled water, plus 100 mg/kg LC dissolved in distilled water by oral gavage daily for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the liver tissue was prepared for histological and biochemical analyses and showed significant elevation of liver enzymes and oxidative parameters, altered expression of apoptotic and antiapoptotic genes, and hepatic degenerative changes in the ATR-treated group. In conclusion, atrazine induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the liver of rats, and these toxic effects can be alleviated by L-carnitine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa A Rashad
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Anatomy & Embryology Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Sara F Saadawy
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nehal E Refaay
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Anatomy & Embryology Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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8
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Jin L, Kom MC, Fu G, Xie Y, Gao Y, Shen J, Huang H, Hu B, Yan J. Hexavalent chromium induces hepatocyte apoptosis via regulation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1/c-Jun amino-terminal kinase signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1288-1296. [PMID: 35166444 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the spread of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) contamination, Cr(VI)-induced hepatotoxicity has attracted increasing attention in recent years. To date, however, the exact mechanism of Cr(VI) toxicity remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)/c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) in Cr(VI)-induced hepatic toxicity and the possible related mechanisms. AML-12 hepatocyte cell-lines were treated with 0, 1, 4, and 16 μmol/Lof Cr(VI) with or without GS-444271 (an ASK1 inhibitor). Adult male mice were administered with 0, 2, 8, and 32 mg/kg body mass (BM)/day of Cr(VI) for 5 days. The level of hepatocyte apoptosis/proliferation, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and expression levels of mRNAs and proteins related to ASK1/JNK and nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling were assessed. Results showed that high Cr(VI) exposure induced hepatocyte apoptosis and liver injury by generation of ROS and down-regulation of Nrf2 signaling. In addition, ASK1/JNK signaling activity was upregulated in the Cr(VI)-treated group. Furthermore, GS-444217 treatment significantly rescued Cr(VI)-induced hepatocyte apoptosis and liver dysfunction in vitro and in vivo by down-regulation of ASK1/JNK signaling. Thus, ASK1/JNK signaling appears to play an important role in Cr(VI)-induced hepatocyte apoptosis and liver injury. This study should help improve our understanding of the mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced liver injury and provide support for future investigations on liver disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Jin
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Guoquan Fu
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixia Xie
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Gao
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiayuan Shen
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huarong Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baowei Hu
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junyan Yan
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
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Ahmed YH, AbuBakr HO, Ahmad IM, Ahmed ZSO. Histopathological, Immunohistochemical, And Molecular Alterations In Brain Tissue And Submandibular Salivary Gland Of Atrazine-Induced Toxicity In Male Rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:30697-30711. [PMID: 34994930 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18399-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is herbicide that has been widely used for different crops. This extensive use has resulted in severe deleterious effects in different species. In this work, we investigated the potentially harmful effect of atrazine herbicide on the brain and submandibular salivary gland. Our investigation was carried out on 20 adult male albino rats that were equally divided into two groups. The first group received distilled water as control, while the second group received ATZ at 200 mg/kg body weight/ day via stomach gavage for 30 successive days of the experiment; the oral LD50 for ATZ is 3090 mg/kg. Our findings revealed the ability of ATZ to cause damage to the cerebrum, hippocampus, and submandibular salivary gland. This damage resulted from the induced oxidative stress, which was indicated by a significant elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, DNA fragmentation, tumor necrotic factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression, with a significant decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) level and reduction of B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), dopamine receptor D1 (Drd1), cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 (Creb1) genes expression after ATZ exposure. Moreover, degeneration of cells, cytoplasmic vacuolation, congestion of blood vessels, a strong immune reaction to caspase 3, and negligible immune expression of a glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were also noticed in the ATZ-treated group. We concluded that ATZ induces oxidative stress and has a toxic and apoptotic effects on the cerebrum, hippocampus, and salivary gland of adult male albino rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine H Ahmed
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Huda O AbuBakr
- Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ismail M Ahmad
- Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Zainab Sabry Othman Ahmed
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
- King Salman International University, Ras Sudr, South Sinai, Egypt.
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Song J, Wang J. SIRT3 regulates bronchial epithelium apoptosis and aggravates airway inflammation in asthma. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:144. [PMID: 35234263 PMCID: PMC8915391 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Tongzhou, Beijing 101100, P.R. China
| | - Jinxiang Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Tongzhou, Beijing 101100, P.R. China
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Ha F, Li N, Long C, Zheng P, Hu G, Jia G, Wang T. The Effect of Global DNA Methylation on PDCD5 Expression in the PBMC of Occupational Chromate Exposed Workers. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:600-608. [PMID: 34184653 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the alteration of protein of programmed cell death 5 (PDCD5) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and DNA methylation caused by hexavalent chromium exposure. METHODS There were 112 workers and 56 controls in this study. The chromium in RBC and urine, PBMC with PDCD5+, DNA methylation, urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and score of DNA damage were measured. RESULTS In chromate exposed workers, the percent of PBMC with PDCD5+, urine 8-OHdG, and score of DNA damage were significantly higher, whereas global DNA methylation was significantly lower. The binary logistic regression and generalized linear mixed model analysis showed that the percent of PBMC with PDCD5+ was significantly associated with global DNA hypomethylation. CONCLUSIONS The aberrant DNA hypomethylation plays an important role in PBMC apoptosis of occupational hexavalent chromium exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feizai Ha
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (Ms Ha, Ms Li, and Dr Wang); Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China (Dr Long, Dr Zheng, Dr Hu, and Dr Jia)
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12
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Ji Z, Wang F, Zhang L, Song M, Li H. Oxidative damage mechanism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells exposed to tetrachlorobisphenol A. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 80:103507. [PMID: 33007436 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA) can promote intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. However, limited attention has been given to mechanisms underlying TCBPA exposure-associated ROS accumulation. Here, such mechanisms were explored in the simple eukaryotic model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae exposed to multiple concentrations of TCBPA. Addition of diphenyleneiodonium, a specific inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, blocked TCBPA treatment-associated intracellular ROS accumulation. NADPH oxidase can be activated by calcineurin, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and tyrosine kinase. Therefore, corresponding specific inhibition respectively on these three kinases was performed and results suggested that the Ca2+ signaling pathway, MAPK pathway, and tyrosine kinase pathway all contributed to the TCBPA exposure-associated intracellular ROS accumulation. In addition, TCBPA exposure-associated up-regulation of genes involved in ROS production and down-regulation of catalase promoted ROS accumulation in S. cerevisiae. To sum up, our current results provide insights into the understanding of TCBPA exposure-associated ROS accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yaxian Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Zhihua Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Fengbang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Maoyong Song
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China.
| | - Hao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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Effect of photobiomodulation on CCC-ESF reactive oxygen species steady-state in high glucose mediums. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:555-562. [PMID: 32643032 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Delayed wound healing is one of the most challenging complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) in clinical medicine, and it is related to the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Photobiomodulation (PBM) can promote wound healing in many ways, so it can be used as a method for the treatment of delayed healing of DM wounds. In this study, we investigated the effect of PBM on ROS homeostasis in human embryonic skin fibroblast cells (CCC-ESFs) cultured in high glucose concentrations. The CCC-ESFs were cultured in vitro and divided into two groups, including the control group and the 635 nm laser irradiation group. After 2 days of high glucose treatment, the experimental group was irradiated with different doses of laser for 3 days. First, we measured the cellular proliferation, and the results showed that laser irradiation could promote cellular proliferation. Then, we measured the generation of ROS, the activities of total superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the cells; the results showed that high glucose destroyed cells by inducing high concentration of ROS, the balance of oxidation, and antioxidation cause oxidative stress damage to cells. PBM can increase the antioxidant capacity of cells, reducing the high concentration of ROS induced by high glucose. Finally, we measured the levels of mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ψm) and the secretion of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β); the results showed that PBM can reduce apoptosis and regulate the inflammatory state. We conclude that PBM can maintain the ROS homeostasis, increase the TAC of cells, and trigger the cellular proliferation, and the response of CCC-ESFs to PBM was dose-dependent.
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Chaâbane M, Bejaoui S, Trabelsi W, Telahigue K, Chetoui I, Chalghaf M, Zeghal N, El Cafsi M, Soudani N. The potential toxic effects of hexavalent chromium on oxidative stress biomarkers and fatty acids profile in soft tissues of Venus verrucosa. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 196:110562. [PMID: 32276164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (chromium (VI)), a highly toxic heavy metal, is a common pollutant of aquatic ecosystems. The present study aimed to elucidate the potential toxic effects of chromium (VI) on oxidative stress biomarkers and fatty acids profile in the gills and digestive gland of Venus verrucosa, an ecologically and economically important bivalve species. Three doses of chromium (VI) (1, 10 and 100 μg.L-1) were chosen for V. verrucosa exposure during 7 days under controlled conditions. A significant increase in the levels of malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide was observed in the gills and digestive gland of chromium (VI)-exposed V. verrucosa as compared to the control group. Furthermore, an induction of enzymatic antioxidant activities (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase) and an enhancement of non-enzymatic antioxidant levels (non-protein thiols, glutathione and vitamin C) were marked. An alteration of fatty acids composition was also noted following chromium (VI) exposure. The obtained results highlighted the importance of assessing oxidative damage biomarkers and fatty acids profile in the study of chromium (VI)-induced toxicity in V. verrucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Chaâbane
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Safa Bejaoui
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Trabelsi
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Khaoula Telahigue
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Imene Chetoui
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Chalghaf
- Higher Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture of Bizerte, University of Carthage, BP15, 7080, Menzel Jemil, Tunisia
| | - Najiba Zeghal
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - M'hamed El Cafsi
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nejla Soudani
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia; Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
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15
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Chen Y, Zong C, Jia J, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Cai B, Tian L. A study on the protective effect of molecular hydrogen on osteoradionecrosis of the jaw in rats. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 49:1648-1654. [PMID: 32451233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of hydrogen in a rat model of osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ). The rats and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were pre-treated with hydrogen before receiving irradiation (7Gy per fraction, five fractions in total once a day for rats, 4Gy for BMSCs). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell differentiation were measured in the BMSCs. Also, the radioprotective effect of hydrogen for ORNJ in Sprague-Dawley rats was examined by gross clinical manifestations, micro-computed tomography, and histology. Hydrogen significantly reduced the production of ROS in BMSCs after irradiation. The cell viability was significantly decreased after irradiation (P= 0.001), but pre-treatment with hydrogen before irradiation increased the cell viability (P= 0.025). Hydrogen considerably increased the cellular differentiation potential of the irradiated cells. Comparing with the rats underwent irradiaton only, those rats treated by hydrogen-rich saline significantly appeared improved occlusion, salivation, alopecia, oral ulcer, and less bone necrosis. Myofibroblasts accumulated overwhelmingly in the fibrosis medulla and around the sequestrum after irradiation, and this was decreased in the group pre-treated with hydrogen. Hydrogen may represent a strategy for the prevention and treatment of ORNJ. Its high efficacy and low toxicity suggest possible therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - C Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - J Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Z Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - B Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - L Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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16
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Qin X, Xu Y, Peng S, Qian S, Zhang X, Shen S, Yang J, Ye J. Sodium butyrate opens mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) to induce a proton leak in induction of cell apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:611-617. [PMID: 32423794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Induction of apoptosis is a strategy in the treatment of glioma, a malignant tumor with the highest prevalence in the brain. Sodium butyrate (NaB) induces apoptosis in glioma cells at pharmacological dosages (>2.5 mM), but the mechanism remains largely unknown beyond the mitochondrial potential drop. In this study, NaB was found to open the mitochondrial permeability transient pore (MPTP) to induce a proton leak in the mechanism of apoptosis. The MPTP opening led to collapse of mitochondrial potential and suppression of ATP production in the NaB-treated cells. Proton leak was increased in the mitochondria under the coupling and uncoupling conditions from the MPTP opening. The proton leak was associated with an elevation in the protein abundance of adenine nucleotide translocator 2 (ANT2) and was blocked by an ANT-specific inhibitor of bongkrekic acid (BA). These data suggest that the proton leak is induced by NaB for the mitochondrial potential drop in the induction of apoptosis. The mechanism may be related to activation of ANT2 in the MPTP complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Qin
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yanhong Xu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China; Central Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China; Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Shiqiao Peng
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China; Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Shengnan Qian
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Central Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Shuang Shen
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jiajun Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Jianping Ye
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China; Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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17
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Wu K, Luan G, Xu Y, Shen S, Qian S, Zhu Z, Zhang X, Yin S, Ye J. Cigarette smoke extract increases mitochondrial membrane permeability through activation of adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) in lung epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:733-739. [PMID: 32143825 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is one of major risk factors in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is generally believed that cigarette smoke induces mitochondrial damage in the alveolar epithelial cells to contribute to COPD. However, the exact molecular mechanism remains unknown for the mitochondrial damage. In this study, cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was found to induce the mitochondrial membrane permeability (MMP), which promoted proton leakage leading to the reduction in mitochondrial potential and ATP production. ANT in the mitochondrial inner membrane was activated by CSE for the alteration of MMP. The activation was observed without an alteration in the protein level of ANT. Inhibition of the ANT activity with ADP or bongkrekic acid prevented the MMP alteration and potential drop upon CSE exposure. The ANT activation was observed with a rise in ROS production, inhibition of the mitochondrial respiration, decrease in the complex III protein and rise in mitophagy activity. The results suggest that ANT may mediate the toxic effect of cigarette smoke on mitochondria and control of ANT activity is a potential strategy in intervention of the toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyue Wu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Guangxin Luan
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yanhong Xu
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Shuang Shen
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Shengnan Qian
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Shaojun Yin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Jianping Ye
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China; Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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18
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Brokesh AM, Gaharwar AK. Inorganic Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:5319-5344. [PMID: 31989815 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine leverages the innate potential of the human body to efficiently repair and regenerate damaged tissues using engineered biomaterials. By designing responsive biomaterials with the appropriate biophysical and biochemical characteristics, cellular response can be modulated to direct tissue healing. Recently, inorganic biomaterials have been shown to regulate cellular responses including cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Moreover, ions released from these mineral-based biomaterials play a vital role in defining cell identity, as well as driving tissue-specific functions. The intrinsic properties of inorganic biomaterials, such as the release of bioactive ions (e.g., Ca, Mg, Sr, Si, B, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr, Co, Mo, Mn, Au, Ag, V, Eu, and La), can be leveraged to induce phenotypic changes in cells or modulate the immune microenvironment to direct tissue healing and regeneration. Biophysical characteristics of biomaterials, such as topography, charge, size, electrostatic interactions, and stiffness can be modulated by addition of inorganic micro- and nanoparticles to polymeric networks have also been shown to play an important role in their biological response. In this Review, we discuss the recent emergence of inorganic biomaterials to harness the innate regenerative potential of the body. Specifically, we will discuss various biophysical or biochemical effects of inorganic-based materials in directing cellular response for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Brokesh
- Biomedical Engineering, Dwight Look College of Engineering , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Akhilesh K Gaharwar
- Biomedical Engineering, Dwight Look College of Engineering , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
- Material Science and Engineering, Dwight Look College of Engineering , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
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19
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Alquezar C, Felix JB, McCandlish E, Buckley BT, Caparros-Lefebvre D, Karch CM, Golbe LI, Kao AW. Heavy metals contaminating the environment of a progressive supranuclear palsy cluster induce tau accumulation and cell death in cultured neurons. Sci Rep 2020; 10:569. [PMID: 31953414 PMCID: PMC6969162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56930-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of intracellular aggregates of tau protein and neuronal loss leading to cognitive and motor impairment. Occurrence is mostly sporadic, but rare family clusters have been described. Although the etiopathology of PSP is unknown, mutations in the MAPT/tau gene and exposure to environmental toxins can increase the risk of PSP. Here, we used cell models to investigate the potential neurotoxic effects of heavy metals enriched in a highly industrialized region in France with a cluster of sporadic PSP cases. We found that iPSC-derived iNeurons from a MAPT mutation carrier tend to be more sensitive to cell death induced by chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) exposure than an isogenic control line. We hypothesize that genetic variations may predispose to neurodegeneration induced by those heavy metals. Furthermore, using an SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line, we showed that both heavy metals induce cell death by an apoptotic mechanism. Interestingly, Cr and Ni treatments increased total and phosphorylated tau levels in both cell types, implicating Cr and Ni exposure in tau pathology. Overall, this study suggests that chromium and nickel could contribute to the pathophysiology of tauopathies such as PSP by promoting tau accumulation and neuronal cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Alquezar
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94158, USA
| | - Jessica B Felix
- Graduate Program, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Elizabeth McCandlish
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, 170, Frelinghuysen Road Piscataway NJ, 08854, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Brian T Buckley
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, 170, Frelinghuysen Road Piscataway NJ, 08854, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | | | - Celeste M Karch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Lawrence I Golbe
- Division of Movement Disorders. Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Aimee W Kao
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94158, USA.
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20
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Fagbenro OS, Alimba CG, Bakare AA. Experimental modeling of the acute toxicity and cytogenotoxic fate of composite mixtures of chromate, copper and arsenate oxides associated with CCA preservative using Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822). Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2019; 34:e2019010. [PMID: 31771319 PMCID: PMC7014949 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.e2019010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Concurrent occurrence of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu) and arsenic (As) from chromated copper arsenate (CCA) wood preservative in aquatic ecosystems demands that their joint-actions in eliciting toxic effects be assessed for adequate understanding of the health risk they may pose to biota. Clarias gariepinus was exposed to As2O3 , CrO3 and CuO and their composite mixtures (1:1 and 1:1:1) at various concentrations (0 – 600 mg/L) for 96-h to determine the acute toxicity using OECD (1992) protocol. C. gariepinus was then exposed to sub-lethal concentrations corresponding to 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 and 100% of the 96-h LC50 for 7 days to assess the cytogenotoxic effects using piscine micronucleus (MN) test. The 96-h LC50 showed that the metals/metalloid demonstrated differential interactions in a concentration dependent pattern. The 96-h LC50 showed that Cr was the most toxic while Cu and As:Cu were indeterminate (Cr > Cr:Cu > As:Cr > As > As:Cr:Cu > Cu = As:Cu indeterminate). Isobologram and synergistic ratio (SR) models predicted antagonistic interaction between Cu:Cr and As:Cr and synergism between As:Cu in the causation of morbidity and mortality of C. gariepinus. Interaction factor model predicted antagonism as common interactive mechanism among the metal/metalloid mixtures in the induction of MN and abnormal nuclear erythrocytes in C. gariepinus. Predicted interactions among the three metals/ metalloid were largely antagonism and synergism towards the induction of acute toxicity and cytogenotoxicity. The models employed herein may be useful in establishing environmental safe limits for mixtures of metals/metalloids against the induction of acute toxicity and DNA damage in lower aquatic vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olukunle S Fagbenro
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Germany
| | - Chibuisi G Alimba
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Germany.,Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Technical University of Dortmund, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Adekunle A Bakare
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Germany
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21
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ThankGod Eze C, Michelangeli F, Otitoloju AA. In vitro cyto-toxic assessment of heavy metals and their binary mixtures on mast cell-like, rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 223:686-693. [PMID: 30802834 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the cytotoxicity and mechanisms of cell death induced by salts of Cadmium (Cd2+), Lead (Pb2+), Arsenic (AsO43-) and Chromium (Cr+6) on RBL-2H3 cells (a model mast cell line). In addition, cyto-toxic effect on cell viability was assessed to reveal their nature of interaction in binary mixture. The individual cytotoxic characteristics of these metals on RBL-2H3 cell viability showed a concentration-dependent reduction of cell viability. We observed that concentration-dependent cytotoxic potency on RBL-2H3 cells of these metals range in the following order Cd2+>Cr+6>As O43- > Pb2+ with LC50 values of 0.11 μM, 93.58 μM, 397.9 μM and 485.3 μM respectively. Additive effects were observed with Pb2+ + Cd2+, Pb2+ + AsO43-, Pb2+ + Cr+6 and AsO43- + Cr+6. The study revealed that Pb2+, Cd2+, AsO43- and Cr+6 could induce significant (P < 0.01) cell death by apoptosis in RBL-2H3. Highly significant necrotic cell death was observed with Pb2+ and Cr+6 (P < 0.01) than Cd2+ and AsO43- (P < 0.05). Overall, it can be deduced that several cell death executing pathways may be concomitantly activated on exposure to heavy metals and the predominance of one over others might depend on the type of heavy metal, concentration and the metabolic state of the cell. Eventually, binary mixtures of some of these metals showed less cytotoxicity than would be expected from their individual actions and may depend on the co-exposure of the metal ions and their modes of action.
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22
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Rudolf E, Červinka M. Chromium (III) Produces Distinct Type of Cell Death in Cultured Cells. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ) 2019. [DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2019.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Chromium acetate hydroxide is a chemical form of trivalent chromium (Cr III) originating from industrial processes. Although considered relatively nontoxic, upon longer treatment intervals it may cause irreversible cellular damage culminating in cell death. In our present work we have attempted to analyze some of the mechanisms whereby this chemical inflicts damage while focusing on the final observed endpoints. We report that 1 mM chromium acetate hydroxide is during weeks lasting treatment capable of injuring the plasma membrane of Hep-2 cells, which in turn becomes permeable to Cr (III) ions. Analyses of several markers of cellular damage; i.e. mitochondrial activity, nuclear integrity and oxidative stress have shown that tested compound interacts directly with subcellular organelles and upon tested concentration and time induces distinct type of cell death bearing features of apoptosis and necrosis.
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23
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Khurshid SS, Emmerich S, Persily A. Oxidative Potential of Particles at a Research House: Influencing Factors and Comparison with Outdoor Particles. BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT 2019; 163:10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106275. [PMID: 34092901 PMCID: PMC8174402 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative potential (OP) of particles can be represented by the ability of particles to generate hydroxyl radicals in an aqueous solution which can be measured with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometry. The oxidative potential of particles may be a more health-relevant metric than other physicochemical properties of particles. While OPEPR has been measured in several outdoor locations, it remains largely unstudied in indoor environments. Total suspended particle samples were collected at an unoccupied research house in eighteen four-day sampling events. The OPEPR of indoor particles was found to be 59 % ± 30 % of the OPEPR of outdoor particles on a sampling volume basis during normal indoor conditions in eight sampling events. However, OPEPR per particle mass was 3.5 ± 0.62 times higher indoors than outdoors, indicating that reactions taking place indoors likely increase OPEPR of indoor particles. In ten sampling events, indoor temperature, relative humidity (RH), air change rate (λ), and cooking activities were varied. OPEPR of indoor particles was found to be significantly influenced (in order of importance) by indoor RH, λ, and temperature. OPEPR of indoor particles was higher than OPEPR for outdoor particles when indoor RH and λ were increased. The presence of cooking activities did not appear to consistently increase OPEPR of indoor particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahana S. Khurshid
- Energy and Environment Division, Engineering Laboratory, NIST, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 8633, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8633, USA
| | - Steven Emmerich
- Energy and Environment Division, Engineering Laboratory, NIST, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 8633, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8633, USA
| | - Andrew Persily
- Energy and Environment Division, Engineering Laboratory, NIST, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 8633, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8633, USA
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24
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He M, Yi QY, Zhang WY, Bai L, Du F, Gu YY, Liu YJ, Wei P. Evaluation of anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo of iridium(iii) polypyridyl complexes. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01001g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Three new iridium(iii) polypyridyl complexes were synthesized. The cytotoxic activity in vitro and in vivo, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS and the expression of Bcl-2 family proteins were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao He
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Qiao-Yan Yi
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Lan Bai
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Fan Du
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Ying Gu
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yun-Jun Liu
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery
| | - Peng Wei
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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25
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Shaw P, Mondal P, Bandyopadhyay A, Chattopadhyay A. Environmentally relevant concentration of chromium activates Nrf2 and alters transcription of related XME genes in liver of zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 214:35-46. [PMID: 30253254 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fish is an excellent model to decipher the mechanism of toxicity of aquatic contaminants such as hexavalent chromium (Cr [VI]). The present study looked into the manifestation of stress in liver of zebrafish exposed to an environmentally relevant concentration (2 mgL-1), and the functioning of the cytoprotective machinery that pacifies the formed stress. The results lead us to hypothesize that oxidative stress plays a key role in chromium-induced toxicity resulting in lipid peroxidation and extensive changes in tissue ultrastructure. In treated fish, production of reactive oxygen species, increase in reduced glutathione content and increase in malondialdehyde content along with enhanced catalase activity were evident. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) was found to increase both at transcriptional and translational level and its translocation into the nucleus was confirmed by fluorescence-based immunohistochemical studies. The mRNA levels of genes like Nqo1, Cyp1a and Cu/Zn Sod were found to increase whereas Ho1, Hsp70 and Ucp2 were down-regulated. The sensitivity of these genes towards Cr [VI] validates their candidature as important biomarkers of Cr [VI] exposure in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallab Shaw
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan-731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Paritosh Mondal
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan-731235, West Bengal, India
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Ji Z, Zhang Y, Tian J, Wang F, Song M, Li H. Oxidative stress and cytotoxicity induced by tetrachlorobisphenol A in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:1-7. [PMID: 29857228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA), which is widely used as flame retardant, can be released into various environments, thereby being absorbed by wildlife or human beings through food chain's bio-magnification and causing some adverse influences on wildlife or human beings. However, limited data are currently available on TCBPA-associated cytotoxicity and related mechanisms. Here, the cytotoxicity induced by different concentrations of TCBPA (i.e., 5, 10 and 20 μM) was studied using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a simple eukaryotic model organism. TCBPA treatment inhibited the growth and survival rate of yeast cell in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, TCBPA promoted the increasing of intracellular oxidative stress by enhancing accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Meanwhile, lipid peroxidation degree (represented by malondialdehyde (MDA) content) and DNA damage degree (represented by 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) content) in yeast cell also increased after TCBPA treatment. However, yeast cell mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) decreased after TCBPA treatment. It was noteworthy that there was no significant inhibitory effect on yeast cell growth or survival rate in 5 μM TCBPA-treated cells, but the intracellular MDA content and Δψm level changed significantly, suggesting the potential cell damage secondary to the relative low dose of TCBPA exposure. Results presented here would highlight our knowledge about TCBPA-associated cytotoxicity in organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yaxian Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Juan Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fengbang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Maoyong Song
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Hao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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Awasthi Y, Ratn A, Prasad R, Kumar M, Trivedi SP. An in vivo analysis of Cr 6+ induced biochemical, genotoxicological and transcriptional profiling of genes related to oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in liver of fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch, 1793). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 200:158-167. [PMID: 29753883 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Present study was designed to assess the hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) mediated oxidative stress that induces DNA damage and apoptosis in adult fish, Channa punctatus (35 ± 3.0 g; 14.5 ± 1.0 cm; Actinopterygii). Fishes were maintained in three groups for 15, 30 and 45 d of exposure periods. They were treated with 5% (Group T1) and 10% (Group T2) of 96 h-LC50 of chromium trioxide (Cr6+). Controls were run for the similar duration. A significant (p < 0.05) increment in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, SOD and CAT in liver tissues of the exposed fish evinces the persistence of oxidative stress. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in induction of micronuclei (MN) coupled with transcriptional responses of target genes related to antioxidant enzymes, DNA damage and apoptosis (sod, cat, gsr, nox-1, p53, bax, bcl-2, apaf-1 and casp3a) establishes the impact of oxidative stress due to in vivo, Cr6+ accumulation in liver as compared to control (0 mg/L), in a dose and exposure-dependent manner. Initially, the increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in liver coincided with that of enhanced mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes, sod, cat, gsr and nox-1 but, later, the overproduction of ROS, after 45 d of exposure of Cr6+, resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) up-regulation of p53. Our findings also unveil that the up-regulation of bax, apaf-1 and casp3a and down-regulation of bcl-2 are associated with Cr6+-induced oxidative stress mediated-apoptosis in liver of test fish. Aforesaid molecular markers can, thus, be efficiently utilized for bio-monitoring of aquatic regimes and conservation of fish biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashika Awasthi
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Arun Ratn
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Rajesh Prasad
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Sunil P Trivedi
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India.
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Li J, Tang G, Qin W, Yang R, Ma R, Ma B, Wei J, Lv H, Jiang Y. Toxic effects of arsenic trioxide on Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces through ROS production, and Ca2+-ER stress-dependent apoptosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:579-585. [PMID: 29684096 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis is a severe parasitic disease that commonly affects the liver and causes abscesses or rupture into the surrounding tissues, leading to multiple complications, such as shock, severe abdominal pain, and post-treatment abscess recurrence. Currently, there are no efficient measures to prevent these complications. We previously confirmed that arsenic trioxide (As2O3) exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity against Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces. In the present study, we aimed to explore the mechanism of As2O3-induced E. granulosus protoscoleces apoptosis. After exposing E. granulosus protoscoleces to 0, 4, 6, and 8 μM As2O3, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was detected by fluorescence microscopy; superoxide dismutase (SOD), and caspase-3 activities were measured; intracellular Ca2+ was detected by flow cytometry; GRP-78 and caspase-12 protein levels were measured by western blot analysis. Our results showed that the expression of caspase-3 was gradually increased and the expression of SOD was gradually decreased in As2O3-treated groups of protoscoleces. Simultaneously, fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry showed that the ROS level and the intracellular Ca2+ level were increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Western blot analysis showed that the expressions of GRP-78 and caspase-12 were higher in As2O3-treated groups than in the control group. These results suggest that As2O3-induced apoptosis in E. granulosus protoscoleces is related to elevation of ROS level, disruption of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. These mechanisms can be targeted in the future by safer and more effective drugs to prevent recurrence of cystic echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Guangyao Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Wenjuan Qin
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Rentan Yang
- The First People's Hospital of Jining City, Jining 272000, China
| | - Rongji Ma
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Jianfeng Wei
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Hailong Lv
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
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Xueting L, Rehman MU, Mehmood K, Huang S, Tian X, Wu X, Zhou D. Ameliorative effects of nano-elemental selenium against hexavalent chromium-induced apoptosis in broiler liver. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:15609-15615. [PMID: 29572744 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1758-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined the ameliorative effects of nano-elemental selenium (Nano-Se) against chromium-VI (K2Cr2O7)-induced apoptosis in chickens. The expression of apoptosis-related genes was evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot. A total of 60, one-day-old broiler chickens allotted to six equal groups, i.e., control group (standard diet), Cr(VI)-exposed group (K2Cr2O7 via drinking water), Nano-Se group (Nano-Se at 0.5 mg/kg via diet), protection group (K2Cr2O7 + Nano-Se), cure group (K2Cr2O7 for initial 2 weeks and then Nano-Se), and prevention group (opposite to the cure group) and were detected by the activities of pro-apoptosis (Bax, Caspase-3) and anti-apoptosis (Bcl-2) genes expression at day 35 of the experiment. Intense apoptosis was observed in liver tissues of chickens exposed to K2Cr2O7. The Nano-Se supplementation caused a significant decrease (P < 0.01) in the mRNA expression levels of Bax and Caspase-3 genes, while significantly elevated (P < 0.05) mRNA expression level of Bcl-2 gene was observed in Nano-Se experimental groups as compare to control and Cr(VI)-exposed group. The results quantified by the RT-qPCR were further confirmed by the western blot analysis. Altogether, these results suggest anti-apoptotic effects of Nano-Se in the chicken liver, which is interesting for further study. The present findings suggested that Nano-Se has protective effects against K2Cr2O7-induced apoptosis in broilers liver and can serve a key role as a protective agent against apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Xueting
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shucheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxing Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghai Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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Leung R, Venus C, Zeng T, Tsopmo A. Structure-function relationships of hydroxyl radical scavenging and chromium-VI reducing cysteine-tripeptides derived from rye secalin. Food Chem 2018; 254:165-169. [PMID: 29548438 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.01.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the activity of four rye peptides and molecular descriptors responsible for the detected biological function. The activity was determined using hydroxyl radical scavenging and chromium-VI (Cr(VI) reducing assays while the density functional theory (DFT) was used for molecular descriptors (i.e. structure-activity relationships). It was found that at pH 7.4, peptide CQV had the highest Cr(VI) reducing activity (76%) followed by QCA (30.8%) while other peptides had less than 25% reduction. All tested peptides were less active at pH 3.0 and this was due to poor spatial proximity of thiol and amine on the glutamine side chain. In the hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, CQV had the highest activity with 28.9 ± 1.3% inhibition of the formation of HO radicals compared to 19.0-13.6% for other peptides. Cysteine at the N-terminal was important for both the reduction of chromium (pH 7.4) and the HO activity because S-H bond energies at that position were lower based on DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Leung
- Food Science and Nutrition Program, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, K1S 5B6 Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Colin Venus
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, K1S 5B6 Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, K1S 5B6 Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Apollinaire Tsopmo
- Food Science and Nutrition Program, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, K1S 5B6 Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, K1S 5B6 Ottawa, ON, Canada; Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, K1S 5B6 Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo evaluation of an iridium (III) polypyridyl complex. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 145:338-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Wan D, Tang B, Wang YJ, Guo BH, Yin H, Yi QY, Liu YJ. Synthesis and anticancer properties of ruthenium (II) complexes as potent apoptosis inducers through mitochondrial disruption. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:180-190. [PMID: 28800456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A new ligand MHPIP (MHPIP = 2-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline) and its three ruthenium (II) complexes [Ru(N-N)2(MHPIP)](ClO4)2 (N-N = phen: 1,10-phenanthroline 1; dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline 2; ttbpy = 4,4'-ditertiarybutyl-2,2'-bipyridine 3) were synthesized and characterized. The cytotoxic activity in vitro was studied by MTT method. The complexes 1-3 show moderate cytotoxic effects on the cell growth in HepG2 cells with an IC50 value of 25.5 ± 3.5, 35.6 ± 1.9 and 27.4 ± 2.3 μM, respectively. The apoptosis was investigated with AO/EB and Annex V/PI staining methods and comet assay. The reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential were investigated under a fluorescent microscope. Autophagy assay shows that the complexes can cause autophagy and up-regulate the expression of Beclin-1 protein. Additionally, the complexes inhibit the cell growth in HepG2 cells at G0/G1 phase, and the complexes can regulate the expression of caspase 3 and Bcl-2 family proteins. The studies demonstrate that the complexes induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells through DNA damage and ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Bing Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yang-Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Bo-Hong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Hui Yin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Qiao-Yan Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yun-Jun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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Son YO, Pratheeshkumar P, Wang Y, Kim D, Zhang Z, Shi X. Protection from Cr(VI)-induced malignant cell transformation and tumorigenesis of Cr(VI)-transformed cells by luteolin through Nrf2 signaling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 331:24-32. [PMID: 28416455 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cr(VI) is a well known environmental carcinogen, but its mechanism of action and the measures required to mitigate its effects remain to be investigated. Our previous studies showed that exposure of human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells to Cr(VI) caused malignant transformation, that these transformed cells progressed through tumorigenesis, and that luteolin, a natural compound, inhibited both of these processes. The present study investigates the underlying mechanisms by which luteolin protects cells against Cr(VI)-induced transformation and tumorigenesis. The present study shows that luteolin activates inducible Nrf2 to inhibit Cr(VI)-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in normal BEAS-2B cells. The decreased ROS level is likely responsible for the protective effect of luteolin against Cr(VI)-induced malignant cell transformation in normal cells. By contrast, in cells that have been transformed by Cr(VI), Nrf2 is constitutively activated, and its target proteins, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and superoxide dismutase 1/2 (SOD1/SOD2) are all constitutively activated, and ROS levels are low. Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein and target protein of Nrf2 is elevated. Cr(VI)-transformed BEAS-2B cells develop apoptosis resistance, increasing the survival of these transformed cells. Luteolin decreases interactions between Nrf2 and the antioxidant response element sites of its target anti-apoptotic and antioxidant proteins, Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and HO-1, which results in decreased constitutive Nrf2 activation. The decreased constitutive Nrf2 activation, decrease in Nrf2 target proteins and consequent apoptosis resistance by luteolin are possible mechanisms that mediate the protective effect of luteolin in Cr(VI)-transformed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ok Son
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Poyil Pratheeshkumar
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Yuting Wang
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Donghern Kim
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Xianglin Shi
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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Male reproductive toxicity of CrVI: In-utero exposure to CrVI at the critical window of testis differentiation represses the expression of Sertoli cell tight junction proteins and hormone receptors in adult F 1 progeny rats. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 69:84-98. [PMID: 28192182 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of gestational exposure to CrVI (occupational/environmental pollutant and target to Sertoli cells(SC)) was tested in a rat model during the testicular differentiation from the bipotential gonad may interrupt spermatogenesis by disrupting SC tight junctions(TJ) and it's proteins and hormone receptors. Pregnant Wistar rats were exposed to 50/100/200ppm CrVI through drinking water during embryonic days 9-14. On Postnatal day 120, testes were subjected to ion exchange chromatographic analysis and revealed increased level of CrIII in SCs and germ cells, serum and testicular interstitial fluid(TIF). Microscopic analyses showed seminiferous tubules atrophy and disruption of SC TJ, which also recorded decreased testosterone in TIF. mRNA and Protein expression analyses attested decreased level of Fshr, Ar, occludin and claudin-11 in SCs. Immunofluorescent detection revealed weak signal of TJ proteins. Taken together, we concluded that gestational exposure to CrVI interferes with the expression of SC TJ proteins due to attenuated expression of hormone receptors.
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Tsai CW, Yang MD, Hsia TC, Chang WS, Hsu CM, Hsieh YH, Chung JG, Bau DT. Dithiothreitol enhanced arsenic-trioxide-induced cell apoptosis in cultured oral cancer cells via mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:17-27. [PMID: 26494474 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is naturally occurring toxic metalloid and drinking As2 O3 containing water are recognized to be related to increased risk of neurotoxicity, liver injury, blackfoot disease, hypertension, and cancer. On the contrary, As2 O3 has been an ancient drug used in traditional Chinese medicine with substantial anticancer activities, especially in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia as well as chronic wound healing. However, the cytotoxicity and detail mechanisms of As2 O3 action in solid cancer cells, such as oral cancer cells, are largely unknown. In this study, we have primarily cultured four pairs of tumor and nontumor cells from the oral cancer patients and treated the cells with As2 O3 alone or combined with dithiothreitol (DTT). The results showed that 0.5 μM As2 O3 plus 20 μM DTT caused a significant cell death of oral cancer cells but not the nontumor cells. Also As2 O3 plus DTT upregulated Bax and Bak, downregulated Bcl-2 and p53, caused a loss of mitochondria membrane potential in oral cancer cells. On the other way, As2 O3 also triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress and increased the levels of glucose-regulated protein 78, calpain 1 and 2. Our results suggest that DTT could synergistically enhance the effects of As2 O3 on killing oral cancer cells while nontoxic to the nontumor cells. The combination is promising for clinical practice in oral cancer therapy and worth further investigations. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 17-27, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Tsai
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Due Yang
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Chun Hsia
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Intensive Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Shin Chang
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Mu Hsu
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institution of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Da-Tian Bau
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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36
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Ávila RID, Mattos Alvarenga CB, Ávila PHMD, Moreira RC, Arruda AF, Fernandes TDO, Rodrigues BDS, Andrade WM, Batista AC, Paula JRD, Valadares MC. Eugenia dysenterica DC. (Myrtaceae) exerts chemopreventive effects against hexavalent chromium-induced damage in vitro and in vivo. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2652-2663. [PMID: 27241623 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1178306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Eugenia dysenterica DC. (Myrtaceae) has been widely used in the folk medicine and it presents phytochemicals constituents associated to antioxidant properties. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of E. dysenterica leaf hydroalcoholic extract (EDE) in vitro and in vivo using AMJ2-C11 cells and Swiss mice exposed to hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS AMJ2-C11 cells were pretreated with EDE and exposed to Cr(VI) to evaluate cytotoxicity and the pathways involved in the chemopreventive effects of the extract. Mice were daily pretreated with EDE and then exposed to Cr(VI). Survival analysis, histopathological examination and determination of Cr levels in biological tissues were carried out. RESULTS In vitro studies showed that pretreatment of the AMJ2-C11 cells with EDE protected against the cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by Cr(VI). Consequently, the pretreatment with EDE reduced reactive oxygen species and apoptosis triggered by Cr(VI), probably by a marked antioxidant and chelating activities demonstrated by EDE. Regarding in vivo studies, pretreatment for 10 days with EDE increased survival of the mice exposed to Cr(VI). In addition, EDE prevented liver and kidney pathological damages, in parallel with reduction in chromium levels found in these organs and plasma. EDE also showed a marked antioxidant potential associated with the presence of polyphenols, especially flavonoids and tannins, as confirmed by HPLC-PDA. CONCLUSION The study showed that EDE protects against Cr(VI)-induced damage in vitro and in vivo supporting further studies for the development of therapeutic products applied to prevent the damage induced by toxic metals, especially Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Ivan de Ávila
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Cátia Belo Mattos Alvarenga
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Marcelino de Ávila
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Roger Cardoso Moreira
- b Laboratório de Espectroanalítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Andréa Fernandes Arruda
- b Laboratório de Espectroanalítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Thaís de Oliveira Fernandes
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Bruna Dos Santos Rodrigues
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Wanessa Machado Andrade
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Aline Carvalho Batista
- c Laboratório de Patologia Bucal, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - José Realino de Paula
- d Laboratório de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais - LPPN, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Marize Campos Valadares
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
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Gao Y, Huang R, Gong Y, Park HS, Wen Q, Almosnid NM, Chippada-Venkata UD, Hosain NA, Vick E, Farone A, Altman E. The antidiabetic compound 2-dodecyl-6-methoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione, isolated from Averrhoa carambola L., demonstrates significant antitumor potential against human breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016. [PMID: 26203774 PMCID: PMC4695187 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
2-Dodecyl-6-methoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (DMDD) is a cyclohexanedione found in the roots of Averrhoa carambola L., commonly known as starfruit. Researchers have shown that DMDD has significant therapeutic potential for the treatment of diabetes; however, the effects of DMDD on human cancers have never been reported. We investigated the cytotoxic effects of DMDD against human breast, lung and bone cancer cells in vitro and further examined the molecular mechanisms of DMDD-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. DMDD suppressed the growth of breast carcinoma cells, but not normal mammary epithelial cells, via induction of G1 phase cell cycle arrest, oxidative stress and apoptosis. DMDD increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DMDD-induced ROS generation was found to be associated with the mitochondrial activity. The cytotoxicity that was induced by DMDD was attenuated by co-treatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). DMDD-induced cell apoptosis involved the activation of both the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway and the extrinsic receptor pathway. In addition, DMDD inhibited the canonical NF-κB signaling pathway at all steps, including TNF-α production, phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and IκBα, as well as TNF-α activated NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Collectively, our studies indicate that DMDD has significant potential as a safe and efficient therapeutic agent for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research and the Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
| | - Renbin Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yixuan Gong
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hyo Sim Park
- Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research and the Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
| | - Qingwei Wen
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Nadin Marwan Almosnid
- Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research and the Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
| | - Uma D Chippada-Venkata
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Najlaa Abdulrhman Hosain
- Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research and the Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
| | - Eric Vick
- Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research and the Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anthony Farone
- Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research and the Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
| | - Elliot Altman
- Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research and the Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
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Roy RV, Pratheeshkumar P, Son YO, Wang L, Hitron JA, Divya SP, Zhang Z, Shi X. Different roles of ROS and Nrf2 in Cr(VI)-induced inflammatory responses in normal and Cr(VI)-transformed cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 307:81-90. [PMID: 27470422 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is classified as a human carcinogen. Cr(VI) has been associated with adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. The present study shows that acute Cr(VI) treatment in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) increased inflammatory responses (TNF-α, COX-2, and NF-кB/p65) and expression of Nrf2. Cr(VI)-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are responsible for increased inflammation. Despite the fact that Nrf2 is a master regulator of response to oxidative stress, silencing of Nrf2 in the acute Cr(VI) treatment had no effect on Cr(VI)-induced inflammation. In contrast, in Cr(VI)-transformed (CrT) cells, Nrf2 is constitutively activated. Knock-down of this protein resulted in decreased inflammation, while silencing of SOD2 and CAT had no effect in the expression of these inflammatory proteins. Results obtained from the knock-down of Nrf2 in CrT cells are very different from the results obtained in the acute Cr(VI) treatment. In BEAS-2B cells, knock-down of Nrf2 had no effect in the inflammation levels, while in CrT cells a decrease in the expression of inflammation markers was observed. These results indicate that before transformation, ROS plays a critical role while Nrf2 not in Cr(VI)-induced inflammation, whereas after transformation (CrT cells), Nrf2 is constitutively activated and this protein maintains inflammation while ROS not. Constitutively high levels of Nrf2 in CrT binds to the promoter regions of COX-2 and TNF-α, leading to increased inflammation. Collectively, our results demonstrate that before cell transformation ROS are important in Cr(VI)-induced inflammation and after transformation a constitutively high level of Nrf2 is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Vinod Roy
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Poyil Pratheeshkumar
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Yong-Ok Son
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - John Andrew Hitron
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Sasidharan Padmaja Divya
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Xianglin Shi
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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Herrera-Pérez Z, Gretz N, Dweep H. A Comprehensive Review on the Genetic Regulation of Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity. Curr Genomics 2016; 17:279-93. [PMID: 27252593 PMCID: PMC4869013 DOI: 10.2174/1389202917666160202220555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is a well-known antineoplastic drug which has been extensively utilized over the last decades in the treatment of numerous kinds of tumors. However, CDDP induces a wide range of toxicities in a dose-dependent manner, among which nephrotoxicity is of particular importance. Still, the mechanism of CDDP-induced renal damage is not completely understood; moreover, the knowledge about the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the nephrotoxic response is still unknown. miRNAs are known to interact with the representative members of a diverse range of regulatory pathways (including postnatal development, proliferation, inflammation and fibrosis) and pathological conditions, including kidney diseases: polycystic kidney diseases (PKDs), diabetic nephropathy (DN), kidney cancer, and drug-induced kidney injury. In this review, we shed light on the following important aspects: (i) information on genes/proteins and their interactions with previously known pathways engaged with CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity, (ii) information on newly discovered biomarkers, especially, miRNAs for detecting CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity and (iii) information to improve our understanding on CDDP. This information will not only help the researchers belonging to nephrotoxicity field, but also supply an indisputable help for oncologists to better understand and manage the side effects induced by CDDP during cancer treatment. Moreover, we provide up-to-date information about different in vivo and in vitro models that have been utilized over the last decades to study CDDP-induced renal injury. Taken together, this review offers a comprehensive network on genes, miRNAs, pathways and animal models which will serve as a useful resource to understand the molecular mechanism of CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeneida Herrera-Pérez
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Harsh Dweep
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Liu SH, Zhu JW, Xu HH, Wang Y, Liu YM, Liang JB, Zhang GQ, Cao DH, Lin YY, Wu Y, Guo QF. Protein-binding, cytotoxicity in vitro and cell cycle arrest of ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 161:77-82. [PMID: 26956530 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxic activity of two Ru(II) complexes against A549, BEL-7402, HeLa, PC-12, SGC-7901 and SiHa cell lines was investigated by MTT method. Complexes 1 and 2 show moderate cytotoxicity toward BEL-7402 cells with an IC50 value of 53.9 ± 3.4 and 39.3 ± 2.1 μM. The effects of the complexes inducing apoptosis, cellular uptake, reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential in BEL-7402 cells have been studied by fluorescence microscopy. The percentages of apoptotic and necrotic cells and cell cycle arrest were studied by flow cytometry. The BSA-binding behaviors were investigated by UV/visible and fluorescent spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Hong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, PR China
| | - Jian-Wei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, PR China
| | - Hui-Hua Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, PR China
| | - Ya-Min Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, PR China
| | - Jun-Bo Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, PR China
| | - Gui-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, PR China
| | - Di-Hua Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, PR China
| | - Yang-Yang Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, PR China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, PR China.
| | - Qi-Feng Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, PR China.
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Zhu JW, Liu SH, Zhang GQ, Xu HH, Wang YX, Wu Y, Liu YM, Wang Y, Liang JB, Guo QF. Anticancer Activity Studies of Ruthenium(II) Complex Toward Human Osteosarcoma HOS Cells. J Membr Biol 2016; 249:483-92. [PMID: 27007877 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-016-9889-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A new Ru(II) complex [Ru(dmp)2(NMIP)](ClO4)2 (dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, NMIP = 2'-(2″-nitro-3″,4″-methylenedioxyphenyl)imidazo[4',5'-f][1,10]-phenanthroline) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, ESI-MS and (1)H NMR. The cytotoxic activity of the complex against MG-63, U2OS, HOS, and MC3T3-e1 cell lines was investigated by MTT method. The complex shows moderate cytotoxicity toward HOS (IC50 = 35.6 ± 2.6 µM) and MC3T3-e1 (IC50 = 41.6 ± 2.8 µM) cell lines. The morphological studies show that the complex can induce apoptosis in HOS cells and cause an increase of reactive oxygen species levels and a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential. The cell cycle distribution demonstrates that the complex inhibits the cell growth at S phase. Additionally, the antitumor activity in vivo reveals that the complex can induce a decrease in tumor weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Wei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Hong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Hua Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Min Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Bo Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Feng Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China.
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A histological study on the possible protective effect of selenium against chromium-induced thyrotoxicity in adult male albino rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ehx.0000481747.20806.2d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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García-Rodríguez MDC, Montaño-Rodríguez AR, Altamirano-Lozano MA. Modulation of hexavalent chromium-induced genotoxic damage in peripheral blood of mice by epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and its relationship to the apoptotic activity. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2015; 79:28-38. [PMID: 26713419 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1104525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between modulation of genotoxic damage and apoptotic activity in Hsd:ICR male mice treated with (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]. Four groups of 5 mice each were treated with (i) control vehicle only, (ii) EGCG (10 mg/kg) by gavage, (iii) Cr(VI) (20 mg/kg of CrO3) intraperitoneally (ip), and (iv) EGCG in addition to CrO3 (EGCG-CrO3). Genotoxic damage was evaluated by examining presence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MN-PCE) obtained from peripheral blood of the caudal vein at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment. Induction of apoptosis and cell viability were assessed by differential acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining. EGCG treatment produced no significant changes in frequency of MN-PCE. However, CrO3 treatment significantly increased number of MN-PCE at 24 and 48 h post injection. Treatment with EGCG prior to CrO3 injection decreased number of MN-PCE compared to CrO3 alone. The MN-PCE reduction was greater than when EGCG was administered ip. The frequency of early apoptotic cells was elevated at 48 h following EGCG, CrO3, or EGCG-CrO3 exposure, with highest levels observed in the combined treatment group, while the frequencies of late apoptotic cells and necrotic cells were increased only in EGCG-CrO3 exposure. Our findings support the view that EGCG is protective against genotoxic damage induced by Cr(VI) and that apoptosis may contribute to elimination of DNA-damaged cells (MN-PCE) when EGCG was administered prior to CrO3. Further, it was found that the route of administration of EGCG plays an important role in protection against CrO3-induced genotoxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Carmen García-Rodríguez
- a Unidad de Investigación en Genética y Toxicología Ambiental (UNIGEN), Facultad de Estudios Superiores "Zaragoza," Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México D.F ., México
| | - Ana Rosa Montaño-Rodríguez
- a Unidad de Investigación en Genética y Toxicología Ambiental (UNIGEN), Facultad de Estudios Superiores "Zaragoza," Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México D.F ., México
| | - Mario Agustín Altamirano-Lozano
- a Unidad de Investigación en Genética y Toxicología Ambiental (UNIGEN), Facultad de Estudios Superiores "Zaragoza," Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México D.F ., México
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He Y, Chen W, Hu Y, Luo B, Wu L, Qiao Y, Mo Q, Xu R, Zhou Y, Ren Z, Zuo Z, Deng J, Peng G, He W, Wei Y. E. adenophorum Induces Cell Cycle and Apoptosis of Renal Cells through Mitochondrial Pathway and Caspase Activation in Saanen Goat. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138504. [PMID: 26382060 PMCID: PMC4575129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxicity effects of E. adenophorum on cell cycle and apoptosis of renal cells in Saanen goat was evaluated by TUNEL, DAPI, AO/EB staining, DNA fragmentation assay, Caspase activity, Western-blot, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis. 16 saanen goats randomly divided into four groups were fed on 0%, 40%, 60% and 80% E. adenophorum diets. The Results showed that E. adenophorum induced typical apoptotic features of renal cells. E. adenophorum significantly suppressed renal cells viability, caused cell cycle activity arrest and induced typical apoptotic features in a dose-dependent manner. However, the protein levels of Fas/FasL, Bid and caspase-8 did not appear significant changes in the process of E. adenophorum-induced apoptosis. Moreover, E. adenophorum administration slightly decreased Bcl-2 expression, promoted Bax translocation to mitochondria, triggered the release of Cyt c from mitochondria into cytosol and activated caspase-9, -3, and cleaved PARP. The mitochondrial p53 translocation was significantly activated, accompanied by a significant increase in the loss of ΔΨm, Cyt c release and caspase-9 activation. Above all, these data suggest that E. adenophorum induces renal cells apoptosis via the activation of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway in renal cells. These findings may provide new insights to understand the mechanisms involved in E. adenophorum-caused cytotoxicity of renal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun He
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
- * E-mail: (YH); (YW)
| | - Biao Luo
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Quan Mo
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ruiguang Xu
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yancheng Zhou
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Junliang Deng
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei He
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yahui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- * E-mail: (YH); (YW)
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Gurunathan S, Park JH, Han JW, Kim JH. Comparative assessment of the apoptotic potential of silver nanoparticles synthesized by Bacillus tequilensis and Calocybe indica in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells: targeting p53 for anticancer therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:4203-22. [PMID: 26170659 PMCID: PMC4494182 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s83953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, the use of nanotechnology has been expanding very rapidly in diverse areas of research, such as consumer products, energy, materials, and medicine. This is especially true in the area of nanomedicine, due to physicochemical properties, such as mechanical, chemical, magnetic, optical, and electrical properties, compared with bulk materials. The first goal of this study was to produce silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using two different biological resources as reducing agents, Bacillus tequilensis and Calocybe indica. The second goal was to investigate the apoptotic potential of the as-prepared AgNPs in breast cancer cells. The final goal was to investigate the role of p53 in the cellular response elicited by AgNPs. Methods The synthesis and characterization of AgNPs were assessed by various analytical techniques, including ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The apoptotic efficiency of AgNPs was confirmed using a series of assays, including cell viability, leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and Western blot. Results The absorption spectrum of the yellow AgNPs showed the presence of nanoparticles. XRD and FTIR spectroscopy results confirmed the crystal structure and biomolecules involved in the synthesis of AgNPs. The AgNPs derived from bacteria and fungi showed distinguishable shapes, with an average size of 20 nm. Cell viability assays suggested a dose-dependent toxic effect of AgNPs, which was confirmed by leakage of LDH, activation of ROS, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Western blot analyses revealed that AgNPs induce cellular apoptosis via activation of p53, p-Erk1/2, and caspase-3 signaling, and downregulation of Bcl-2. Cells pretreated with pifithrin-alpha were protected from p53-mediated AgNPs-induced toxicity. Conclusion We have demonstrated a simple approach for the synthesis of AgNPs using the novel strains B. tequilensis and C. indica, as well as their mechanism of cell death in a p53-dependent manner in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The present findings could provide insight for the future development of a suitable anticancer drug, which may lead to the development of novel nanotherapeutic molecules for the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woong Han
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Functional role of inorganic trace elements in angiogenesis-Part II: Cr, Si, Zn, Cu, and S. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 96:143-55. [PMID: 26088455 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Trace elements play critical roles in angiogenesis events. The effects of nitrogen, iron, selenium, phosphorus, gold, and calcium were discussed in part I. In part II, we evaluated the effect of chromium, silicon, zinc, copper, and sulfur on different aspects of angiogenesis, with critical roles in healing and regeneration processes, and undeniable roles in tumor growth and cancer therapy. This review is the second of series that serves as an overview of the role of inorganic elements in regulation of angiogenesis and vascular function. The methods of exposure, structure, mechanism, and potential activity of these trace elements are briefly discussed. An electronic search was performed on the role of these trace elements in angiogenesis from January 2005 to April 2014. The recent aspects of the relationship between five different trace elements and their role in regulation of angiogenesis, and homeostasis of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors were assessed. Many studies have investigated the effects and importance of these elements in angiogenesis events. Both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on angiogenesis are observed for the evaluated elements. Chromium can promote angiogenesis in pathological manners. Silicon as silica nanoparticles is anti-angiogenic, while in calcium silicate extracts and bioactive silicate glasses promote angiogenesis. Zinc is an anti-angiogenic agent acting on important genes and growth factors. Copper and sulfur compositions have pro-angiogenic functions by activating pro-angiogenic growth factors and promoting endothelial cells migration, growth, and tube formation. Thus, utilization of these elements may provide a unique opportunity to modulate angiogenesis under various setting.
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Cytotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles in human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abarikwu SO, Farombi EO. Atrazine induces apoptosis of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells via the regulation of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3-dependent pathway. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 118:90-98. [PMID: 25752436 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is a well known herbicide that is frequently detected in ground and surface water at significant levels. Our objective was to study the toxic effect of ATZ on the human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells, and the degree of cytotoxicity and morphological changes were followed during the cell death. Application of cytotoxicity bioassays indicates that ATZ (5-50 µg/mL) decreases cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The evidence of apoptosis was confirmed by an increase in caspase-3 activity, and cell death was blocked when caspase-3 activity was inhibited. Typical apoptotic phenotype that includes nuclear fragmentation, micro nuclei formation, DNA fragmentation and increase in the expressions apoptosis-associated markers Bax, p53 and p21 and decreased expression of Bcl-2 were observed in treated cells. We also observed dose-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in ATZ-treated cells. These results suggest that ATZ-induces apoptosis and ROS levels in SH-SY5Y cells, and could be implicated in human neurodegenerative disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny O Abarikwu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.
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Detection of Urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) Levels as a Biomarker of Oxidative DNA Damage among Home Industry Workers Exposed to Chromium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proenv.2015.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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50
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Zhang Z, Pratheeshkumar P, Budhraja A, Son YO, Kim D, Shi X. Role of reactive oxygen species in arsenic-induced transformation of human lung bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 456:643-8. [PMID: 25499816 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is an environmental carcinogen, its mechanisms of carcinogenesis remain to be investigated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered to be important. A previous study (Carpenter et al., 2011) has measured ROS level in human lung bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells and arsenic-transformed BEAS-2B cells and found that ROS levels were higher in transformed cells than that in parent normal cells. Based on these observations, the authors concluded that cell transformation induced by arsenic is mediated by increased cellular levels of ROS. This conclusion is problematic because this study only measured the basal ROS levels in transformed and parent cells and did not investigate the role of ROS in the process of arsenic-induced cell transformation. The levels of ROS in arsenic-transformed cells represent the result and not the cause of cell transformation. Thus question concerning whether ROS are important in arsenic-induced cell transformation remains to be answered. In the present study, we used expressions of catalase (antioxidant against H2O2) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2, antioxidant against O2(-)) to decrease ROS level and investigated their role in the process of arsenic-induced cell transformation. Our results show that inhibition of ROS by antioxidant enzymes decreased arsenic-induced cell transformation, demonstrating that ROS are important in this process. We have also shown that in arsenic-transformed cells, ROS generation was lower and levels of antioxidants are higher than those in parent cells, in a disagreement with the previous report. The present study has also shown that the arsenic-transformed cells acquired apoptosis resistance. The inhibition of catalase to increase ROS level restored apoptosis capability of arsenic-transformed BEAS-2B cells, further showing that ROS levels are low in these cells. The apoptosis resistance due to the low ROS levels may increase cells proliferation, providing a favorable environment for tumorigenesis of arsenic-transformed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhang
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Poyil Pratheeshkumar
- Center for Research on Environmental Diseases, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Amit Budhraja
- Center for Research on Environmental Diseases, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Young-Ok Son
- Center for Research on Environmental Diseases, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Donghern Kim
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Xianglin Shi
- Center for Research on Environmental Diseases, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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