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Ma F, Wang M, Zhong G, Liao J, Huo Y, Wang Z, He S. The impact of copper-induced oxidative damage on the endoplasmic reticulum quality control system in broiler kidneys. Biometals 2025:10.1007/s10534-025-00695-5. [PMID: 40404888 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-025-00695-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2025] [Accepted: 05/02/2025] [Indexed: 05/24/2025]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a pervasive element utilized in economic animal production. However, overuse can have toxic effects on animals and threaten public food safety. To gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying Cu-induced nephrotoxicity, an in-depth analysis was conducted on the effects of Cu on the renal endoplasmic reticulum quality control (ERQC) system. In the course of this experiment, one-day-old chicks were fed diets comprising Cu levels (11, 110, 220 and 330 mg/kg) for 49 days. Our findings indicate that an excess of Cu may result in oxidative stress, which may then induce tissue damage within the kidney. Furthermore, the experimental results indicated that elevated Cu levels may disrupt to the ERQC system in chicken kidneys. The mRNA levels of GRP78, GRP94, ATF4, IRE1, and XBP1, as well as the protein levels of GRP78, GRP94, IRE1, XBP1, and CHOP, were markedly elevated in all treatment groups relative to the control group. Conversely, the mRNA and protein levels of eIF2α and ATF6 exhibited a notable decline with the increase in Cu levels. Similarly, RTN3, ATL1, and ATL2 mRNA levels as well as RTN3 and ATL3 protein levels exhibited a notable elevation in conjunction with an appreciable decline in FAM134B and SEC62 mRNA and protein levels, respectively, as Cu levels increased. Furthermore, bioinformatics analyses indicated a correlation between oxidative damage and ERQC markers. The above results suggest that Cu-induced oxidative damage may injure to chicken kidneys via disturbances in the ERQC system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Ma
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, 233100, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengran Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaolong Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihui Huo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zekai Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, 233100, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojun He
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, 233100, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Wang T, Li X, Xia G, Gong M, Lv X. FAM134B-mediated ER-phagy alleviates alcohol-related liver fibrosis by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 308:142395. [PMID: 40154686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.142395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2025] [Accepted: 03/20/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol-related liver fibrosis (ALF), a severe stage of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), currently lacks effective treatments. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a key pathological feature of ALF. FAM134B (JK-1, RETREG1), an ER-phagy receptor, mediates ER-phagy to alleviate ER stress and restore ER homeostasis. However, the molecular mechanisms linking ER stress to ALF remain unclear. AIMS This study aimed to investigate the role and molecular mechanisms of FAM134B in ALF, specifically whether FAM134B-mediated ER-phagy reduces ER stress to mitigate ALF. METHODS We developed a FAM134B overexpression mouse model using tail vein injection of AAV-8-TBG-m-FAM134B and monitored disease progression in ALF mice. Fibrosis markers (α-SMA, COL1A1), ER stress indicators (GRP78, CHOP, IRE1-α, ATF6), and ER-phagy markers (LC3, p62, VAPB, CANX, Climp63, REEP5) were analyzed. Additionally, further in vitro experiments were carried out to explore whether FAM134B-mediated ER-phagy attenuates ALF by alleviating hepatocyte ER stress. RESULTS FAM134B overexpression increased ER-phagy, reduced ER stress, and ameliorated liver fibrosis. In vitro, FAM134B overexpression promoted autophagy, decreased cytokine secretion, and inhibited hepatic stellate cell (JS-1) and macrophage activation (RAW264.7). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that FAM134B-mediated ER-phagy mitigates ALF by alleviating ER stress, providing new targets and intervention strategies for ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guoqing Xia
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mingxu Gong
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiongwen Lv
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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3
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Warrayat A, Ali A, Waked J, Tocci D, Speth RC. Assessment of the therapeutic potential of salubrinal for ME/CFS and long-COVID. Trends Mol Med 2025; 31:466-478. [PMID: 39438198 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2024] [Revised: 09/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a chronic debilitating condition with no cure that shares commonality with long-COVID. This review examines current understanding of long-COVID symptoms, characteristics of the affected population, the connection with ME/CFS, and the potential for salubrinal, an agent known for its influence on cellular stress pathways, to mitigate these disorders It also describes the historical development and mechanism of action of salubrinal, to mitigate endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/cellular stress responses, that could potentially contribute to symptom improvement in both ME/CFS and long-COVID patients. Further research and clinical trials are warranted to advance our understanding of the potential role of salubrinal in improving the quality of life for individuals with long-COVID-related ME/CFS symptoms as well as ME/CFS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel Warrayat
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Ayah Ali
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Joulin Waked
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Darcy Tocci
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Robert C Speth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
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Hirakawa T, Taniuchi M, Iguchi Y, Bogahawaththa S, Yoshitake K, Werellagama S, Uemura T, Tsujita T. NF-E2-related factor 1 suppresses the expression of a spermine oxidase and the production of highly reactive acrolein. Sci Rep 2025; 15:12405. [PMID: 40258928 PMCID: PMC12012012 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-96388-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2025] [Indexed: 04/23/2025] Open
Abstract
Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are among the most abundant intracellular small molecular metabolites, with concentrations at the mM level. The ratios of these three molecules remain constant under physiological conditions. Stress (i.e. polyamine overload, oxidative stress, aging, infection, etc.) triggers the catabolic conversion of spermine to spermidine, ultimately yielding acrolein and hydrogen peroxide. The potential of acrolein to induce DNA damage and protein denaturation is 1,000 times greater than that of reactive oxygen species. We have shown that these polyamine metabolic pathways also involve the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 1 (NRF1) transcription factor. In our chemically-inducible, liver-specific Nrf1-knockout mice, the polyamine catabolic pathway dominated the anabolic pathway, producing free acrolein and accumulating acrolein-conjugated proteins in vivo. This metabolic feature implicates SMOX as an important causative enzyme. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and reporter assays confirmed that NRF1 directly suppressed Smox expression. This effect was also observed in vitro. Ectopic overexpression of SMOX increased the accumulation of free acrolein and acrolein-conjugated proteins. SMOX knockdown reversed the accumulation of free acrolein and acrolein-conjugated proteins. Our results show that NRF1 typically suppresses Smox expression when NRF1 is downregulated, SMOX is upregulated, and polyamine metabolic pathways are altered, producing low molecular weight polyamines and acrolein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Hirakawa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Megumi Taniuchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yoko Iguchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Sudarma Bogahawaththa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kiko Yoshitake
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Shanika Werellagama
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uemura
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tadayuki Tsujita
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
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5
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Ye ZW, Ong CP, Cao H, Tang K, Gray VS, Hinson Cheung PH, Wang J, Li W, Zhang H, Luo P, Ni T, Chan CP, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Ling GS, Yuan S, Jin DY. A live attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine constructed by dual inactivation of NSP16 and ORF3a. EBioMedicine 2025; 114:105662. [PMID: 40132472 PMCID: PMC11985078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2025] [Accepted: 03/08/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Live attenuated vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 activate all phases of host immunity resembling a natural infection and they block viral transmission more efficiently than existing vaccines in human use. In our prior work, we characterised an attenuated SARS-CoV-2 variant, designated d16, which harbours a D130A mutation in the NSP16 protein, inactivating its 2'-O-methyltransferase function. The d16 variant has demonstrated an ability to induce both mucosal and sterilising immunity in animal models. However, further investigation is required to identify any additional modifications to d16 that could mitigate concerns regarding potential virulence reversion and the suboptimal regulation of the proinflammatory response. METHODS Mutations were introduced into molecular clone of SARS-CoV-2 and live attenuated virus was recovered from cultured cells. Virological, biochemical and immunological assays were performed in vitro and in two animal models to access the protective efficacies of the candidate vaccine strain. FINDINGS Here we describe evaluation of a derivative of d16. We further modified the d16 variant by inverting the open reading frame of the ORF3a accessory protein, resulting in the d16i3a strain. This modification is anticipated to enhance safety and reduce pathogenicity. d16i3a appeared to be further attenuated in hamsters and transgenic mice compared to d16. Intranasal vaccination with d16i3a stimulated humoural, cell-mediated and mucosal immune responses, conferring sterilising protection against SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants in animals. A version of d16i3a expressing the XBB.1.16 spike protein further expanded the vaccine's protection spectrum against circulating variants. Notably, this version has demonstrated efficacy as a booster in hamsters, providing protection against Omicron subvariants and achieving inhibition of viral transmission. INTERPRETATION Our work established a platform for generating safe and effective live attenuated vaccines by dual inactivation of NSP16 and ORF3a of SARS-CoV-2. FUNDING This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFC0866100, 2023YFC3041600, and 2023YFE0203400), Hong Kong Health and Medical Research Fund (COVID190114, CID-HKU1-9, and 23220712), Hong Kong Research Grants Council (C7142-20GF and T11-709/21-N), Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Commission grant (MHP/128/22), Guangzhou Laboratory (EKPG22-01) and Health@InnoHK (CVVT). Funding sources had no role in the writing of the manuscript or the decision to submit it for publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Ye
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Chon Phin Ong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Hehe Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Kaiming Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Victor Sebastien Gray
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Pak-Hin Hinson Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Junjue Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Weixin Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Hongzhuo Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Tao Ni
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Chi Ping Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Novel Vaccines for Emerging Infectious Diseases, China National Biotec Group Company Limited, Beijing, 100024, China
| | - Yuntao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Novel Vaccines for Emerging Infectious Diseases, China National Biotec Group Company Limited, Beijing, 100024, China
| | - Guang Sheng Ling
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Shuofeng Yuan
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Dong-Yan Jin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
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Du Z, Liu Q, Wang M, Gao Y, Li Q, Yang Y, Lu T, Bao L, Pang Y, Wang H, Niu Y, Zhang R. Reticulophagy promotes EMT-induced fibrosis in offspring's lung tissue after maternal exposure to carbon black nanoparticles during gestation by a m 5C-dependent manner. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2025; 485:136873. [PMID: 39694008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 12/11/2024] [Accepted: 12/12/2024] [Indexed: 12/20/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that maternal exposure to carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) during gestation can induce multiple system abnormalities in offspring, whereas its potential mechanism in respiratory disease is still largely unknown. In order to explore the effect of maternal exposure to CBNPs on offspring's lung and latent pathogenesis, we respectively established in vivo model of pregnant rats exposed to CBNPs and ex vivo model of lung epithelial cells treated with pups' serum of pregnant rats exposed to CBNPs. After maternal exposure to CBNPs, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis levels increased as a result of DDRGK1-mediated reticulophagy upregulated in offspring's lung. DDRGK1 as FAM134B's cargo bound with FAM134B to mediate reticulophagy. Transcription factor "SP1" positively regulated DDRGK1 gene expression by binding to its promoter. Furthermore, the upregulation of NSUN2 elevated m5C methylation of SP1 mRNA and the protein level of SP1 subsequently increased through Ybx1 recognizing and stabilizing m5C-methylated SP1 mRNA, followed by the increased levels of reticulophagy and fibrosis in lung epithelial cells treated with offspring's serum of matrix exposed to CBNPs during gestation. In conclusion, NSUN2/Ybx1/m5C-SP1 axis promoted DDRGK1-mediated reticulophagy, which played an important role in EMT-induced fibrosis in offspring's lung tissue after maternal exposure to CBNPs during gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Du
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Mengruo Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Yifu Gao
- Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050021, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- Hunan Institute for Drug Control, Changsha 410001, PR China
| | - Yizhe Yang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Tianyu Lu
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Lei Bao
- Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, PR China
| | - Yaxian Pang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, PR China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, PR China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, PR China.
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Zhao W, Pang S, Zhang J, Yao Z, Song Y, Sun Y. AFB1 exposure promotes SIV replication and lung damage via RIG-I- and p38-mediated RETREG1/FAM134B-dependent endoplasmic reticulum autophagy. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2025; 292:117970. [PMID: 40009944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2025] [Accepted: 02/23/2025] [Indexed: 02/28/2025]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination is common worldwide and highly harmful to humans and animals. Our previous studies suggested that AFB1 exposure promotes the replication of H1N1 swine influenza virus (SIV). However, its mechanism is not clear. Here, TCID50, qRT-PCR, and WB assays were used to detect SIV replication, after which proteomic detection was used to screen key proteins and pathways. Thirty piglets were subsequently randomly divided into 6 groups. The low-pathogenicity SIV was inoculated to establish a piglet model of SIV infection. Different doses of AFB1 were administered daily to SIV-infected piglets for 14 d. The in vitro results revealed that 0.02-0.04 μg/mL AFB1 markedly promoted SIV replication. Proteomic analysis revealed that reticulophagy regulator 1 (RETREG1/FAM134B) and p38 signaling were markedly upregulated, whereas RIG-I signaling was significantly downregulated. The above results were confirmed by qRT-PCR and WB assays. Transmission electron microscopy was used to further prove that AFB1 promoted endoplasmic reticulum autophagy (ER-phagy) in SIV-infected PAMs. RIG-I activator and p38 inhibitor reversed the upregulation of RETREG1 and AFB1-promoted SIV replication, and RETREG1 inhibitor reversed the AFB1-promoted SIV replication. In vivo experiments confirmed that AFB1 upregulated RETREG1 and p38, downregulated RIG-I, and promoted SIV replication and lung damage. Taken together, our results reveal that AFB1 promotes SIV replication and lung damage via RIG-I- and p38-mediated RETREG1/FAM134B-dependent ER-phagy and suggest the therapeutic potential of RETREG1-, RIG-I-, and p38-related drugs for influenza. Our findings also provide insights into why the occurrence of other infectious diseases is increasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China
| | - Siyao Pang
- College of Animal Science and Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoran Yao
- College of Animal Science and Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China
| | - Yuqi Song
- College of Animal Science and Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China
| | - Yuhang Sun
- College of Animal Science and Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China.
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8
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Li Q, Yu X, Yu R, Shi X, Lu Y. Therapeutic Potential of Inhibiting Hmox1 in Sepsis-Induced Lung Injury: A Molecular Mechanism Study. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2025; 39:e70134. [PMID: 39959930 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.70134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2024] [Revised: 12/11/2024] [Accepted: 12/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2025]
Abstract
Sepsis induces severe multiorgan dysfunction, with the lungs being particularly susceptible to damage. This study reveals that Hmox1 inhibitors effectively activate the FSP1/CoQ10/NADPH pathway, significantly enhancing autophagic activity while suppressing ferroptosis in alveolar epithelial cells, thereby alleviating lung injury in septic mice. To identify key gene modules and regulatory factors associated with sepsis-induced lung injury, we analyzed public transcriptomic data, including bulk RNA-seq datasets (GSE236391 and GSE263867) and a single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data set (GSE207651). In vitro experiments were conducted using an LPS-induced alveolar epithelial cell injury model to evaluate the effects of Hmox1 inhibitors on cell viability, autophagy markers (LC3-II/LC3-I and p62), ROS levels, and intracellular iron content. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe mitochondrial structural changes. In vivo, a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis mouse model was established to assess the therapeutic effects of Hmox1 inhibitors. This included evaluating survival rates, lung histopathological scores, lung wet-to-dry weight ratios, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, inflammatory cytokine levels, and changes in autophagy and ferroptosis markers. The results demonstrated that Hmox1 inhibitors effectively mitigate lung injury by modulating the autophagy-ferroptosis pathway, highlighting their potential as a therapeutic strategy for sepsis-induced lung damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang, China
| | - Xu Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang, China
| | - Renjie Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang, China
| | - Xinge Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang, China
| | - Yibin Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang, China
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9
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Wang Y, Weng L, Wu X, Du B. The role of programmed cell death in organ dysfunction induced by opportunistic pathogens. Crit Care 2025; 29:43. [PMID: 39856779 PMCID: PMC11761187 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-025-05278-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition resulting from pathogen infection and characterized by organ dysfunction. Programmed cell death (PCD) during sepsis has been associated with the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), impacting various physiological systems including respiratory, cardiovascular, renal, neurological, hematological, hepatic, and intestinal systems. It is well-established that pathogen infections lead to immune dysregulation, which subsequently contributes to MODS in sepsis. However, recent evidence suggests that sepsis-related opportunistic pathogens can directly induce organ failure by promoting PCD in parenchymal cells of each affected organ. This study provides an overview of PCD in damaged organ and the induction of PCD in host parenchymal cells by opportunistic pathogens, proposing innovative strategies for preventing organ failure in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyanqiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Medical ICU, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Li Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Medical ICU, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xunyao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Clinical and Science Investigation Institute, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Bin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Medical ICU, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Clinical and Science Investigation Institute, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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10
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Wilson A, McCormick C. Reticulophagy and viral infection. Autophagy 2025; 21:3-20. [PMID: 39394962 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2414424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/14/2024] Open
Abstract
All viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that use host machinery to synthesize viral proteins. In infected eukaryotes, viral secreted and transmembrane proteins are synthesized at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Many viruses refashion ER membranes into bespoke factories where viral products accumulate while evading host pattern recognition receptors. ER processes are tightly regulated to maintain cellular homeostasis, so viruses must either conform to ER regulatory mechanisms or subvert them to ensure efficient viral replication. Reticulophagy is a catabolic process that directs lysosomal degradation of ER components. There is accumulating evidence that reticulophagy serves as a form of antiviral defense; we call this defense "xERophagy" to acknowledge its relationship to xenophagy, the catabolic degradation of microorganisms by macroautophagy/autophagy. In turn, viruses can subvert reticulophagy to suppress host antiviral responses and support efficient viral replication. Here, we review the evidence for functional interplay between viruses and the host reticulophagy machinery.Abbreviations: AMFR: autocrine motility factor receptor; ARF4: ADP-ribosylation factor 4; ARL6IP1: ADP-ribosylation factor-like 6 interacting protein 1; ATL3: atlastin GTPase 3; ATF4: activating transcription factor 4; ATF6: activating transcription factor 6; BPIFB3: BPI fold containing family B, member 3; CALCOCO1: calcium binding and coiled coil domain 1; CAMK2B: calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, beta; CANX: calnexin; CDV: canine distemper virus; CCPG1: cell cycle progression 1; CDK5RAP3/C53: CDK5 regulatory subunit associated protein 3; CIR: cargo-interacting region; CoV: coronavirus; CSNK2/CK2: casein kinase 2; CVB3: coxsackievirus B3; DAPK1: death associated protein kinase 1; DENV: dengue virus; DMV: double-membrane vesicles; EBOV: Ebola virus; EBV: Epstein-Barr Virus; EIF2AK3/PERK: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3; EMCV: encephalomyocarditis virus; EMV: extracellular microvesicle; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; ERAD: ER-associated degradation; ERN1/IRE1: endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signalling 1; EV: extracellular vesicle; EV71: enterovirus 71; FIR: RB1CC1/FIP200-interacting region; FMDV: foot-and-mouth disease virus; HCMV: human cytomegalovirus; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HMGB1: high mobility group box 1; HSPA5/BiP: heat shock protein 5; IFN: interferon; IFNG/IFN-γ: interferon gamma; KSHV: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus; LIR: MAP1LC3/LC3-interacting region; LNP: lunapark, ER junction formation factor; MAP1LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MAP3K5/ASK1: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5; MAPK/JNK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; MeV: measles virus; MHV: murine hepatitis virus; NS: non-structural; PDIA3: protein disulfide isomerase associated 3; PRR: pattern recognition receptor; PRRSV: porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus; RB1CC1/FIP200: RB1-inducible coiled-coil 1; RETREG1/FAM134B: reticulophagy regulator 1; RHD: reticulon homology domain; RTN3: reticulon 3; RTN3L: reticulon 3 long; sAIMs: shuffled Atg8-interacting motifs; SARS-CoV: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus; SINV: Sindbis virus; STING1: stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1; SVV: Seneca Valley virus; SV40: simian virus 40; TEX264: testis expressed gene 264 ER-phagy receptor; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TRAF2: TNF receptor-associated factor 2; UIM: ubiquitin-interacting motif; UFM1: ubiquitin-fold modifier 1; UPR: unfolded protein response; VAPA: vesicle-associated membrane protein, associated protein A; VAPB: vesicle-associated membrane protein, associated protein B and C; VZV: varicella zoster virus; WNV: West Nile virus; XBP1: X-box binding protein 1; XBP1s: XBP1 spliced; xERophagy: xenophagy involving reticulophagy; ZIKV: Zika virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Wilson
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Craig McCormick
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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11
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Huuskonen S, Liu X, Pöhner I, Redchuk T, Salokas K, Lundberg R, Maljanen S, Belik M, Reinholm A, Kolehmainen P, Tuhkala A, Tripathi G, Laine P, Belanov S, Auvinen P, Vartiainen M, Keskitalo S, Österlund P, Laine L, Poso A, Julkunen I, Kakkola L, Varjosalo M. The comprehensive SARS-CoV-2 'hijackome' knowledge base. Cell Discov 2024; 10:125. [PMID: 39653747 PMCID: PMC11628605 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-024-00748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The continuous evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has led to the emergence of several variants of concern (VOCs) that significantly affect global health. This study aims to investigate how these VOCs affect host cells at proteome level to better understand the mechanisms of disease. To achieve this, we first analyzed the (phospho)proteome changes of host cells infected with Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants over time frames extending from 1 to 36 h post infection. Our results revealed distinct temporal patterns of protein expression across the VOCs, with notable differences in the (phospho)proteome dynamics that suggest variant-specific adaptations. Specifically, we observed enhanced expression and activation of key components within crucial cellular pathways such as the RHO GTPase cycle, RNA splicing, and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD)-related processes. We further utilized proximity biotinylation mass spectrometry (BioID-MS) to investigate how specific mutation of these VOCs influence viral-host protein interactions. Our comprehensive interactomics dataset uncovers distinct interaction profiles for each variant, illustrating how specific mutations can change viral protein functionality. Overall, our extensive analysis provides a detailed proteomic profile of host cells for each variant, offering valuable insights into how specific mutations may influence viral protein functionality and impact therapeutic target identification. These insights are crucial for the potential use and design of new antiviral substances, aiming to enhance the efficacy of treatments against evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini Huuskonen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xiaonan Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ina Pöhner
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Taras Redchuk
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Salokas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Sari Maljanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Milja Belik
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Arttu Reinholm
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Antti Tuhkala
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Garima Tripathi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pia Laine
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sergei Belanov
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petri Auvinen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Vartiainen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Salla Keskitalo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pamela Österlund
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, THL, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Larissa Laine
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, THL, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Poso
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ilkka Julkunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- InFlames Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura Kakkola
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Markku Varjosalo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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12
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Zhu LR, Cui W, Liu HP. Research progress and advances in endoplasmic reticulum stress regulation of acute kidney injury. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2433160. [PMID: 39586579 PMCID: PMC11590187 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2433160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 11/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and severe clinical disorder in which endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important regulatory role. In this review, we summarize the research progress on the relationship between ER stress and AKI. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining a balance between promoting and protecting ER stress during AKI and highlights the potential of ER stress-targeted drugs as a new therapeutic approach for AKI. The article also discusses the need for developing drugs that target ER stress effectively while avoiding adverse effects on normal cells and tissues. The review concludes that with a more comprehensive understanding of ER stress mechanisms and advancements in research techniques, more effective treatment options for AKI can be developed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ran Zhu
- Anhui Institute of Pediatric Research, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital (Children’s Hospital of Fudan University Anhui Hospital; Children’s Medical Center of Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Scientific Research and Education, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital (Children’s Hospital of Fudan University Anhui Hospital; Children’s Medical Center of Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hai-Peng Liu
- Anhui Institute of Pediatric Research, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital (Children’s Hospital of Fudan University Anhui Hospital; Children’s Medical Center of Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China
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13
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Sandeep, Subba R, Mondal AC. Does COVID-19 Trigger the Risk for the Development of Parkinson's Disease? Therapeutic Potential of Vitamin C. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:9945-9960. [PMID: 37957424 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was proclaimed a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. There is mounting evidence that older patients with multimorbidity are more susceptible to COVID-19 complications than are younger, healthy people. Having neuroinvasive potential, SARS-CoV-2 infection may increase susceptibility toward the development of Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with extensive motor deficits. PD is characterized by the aggregation of α-synuclein in the form of Lewy bodies and the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the dorsal striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of the nigrostriatal pathway in the brain. Increasing reports suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked with the worsening of motor and non-motor symptoms with high rates of hospitalization and mortality in PD patients. Common pathological changes in both diseases involve oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. COVID-19 exacerbates the damage ensuing from the dysregulation of those processes, furthering neurological complications, and increasing the severity of PD symptomatology. Phytochemicals have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. Vitamin C supplementation is found to ameliorate the common pathological changes in both diseases to some extent. This review aims to present the available evidence on the association between COVID-19 and PD, and discusses the therapeutic potential of vitamin C for its better management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep
- Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rhea Subba
- Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Amal Chandra Mondal
- Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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14
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Yu J, Ge S, Li J, Zhang Y, Xu J, Wang Y, Liu S, Yu X, Wang Z. Interaction between coronaviruses and the autophagic response. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1457617. [PMID: 39650836 PMCID: PMC11621220 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1457617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 10/18/2024] [Indexed: 12/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the emergence and widespread dissemination of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has posed a significant threat to global public health and social development. In order to safely and effectively prevent and control the spread of coronavirus diseases, a profound understanding of virus-host interactions is paramount. Cellular autophagy, a process that safeguards cells by maintaining cellular homeostasis under diverse stress conditions. Xenophagy, specifically, can selectively degrade intracellular pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites, thus establishing a robust defense mechanism against such intruders. Coronaviruses have the ability to induce autophagy, and they manipulate this pathway to ensure their efficient replication. While progress has been made in elucidating the intricate relationship between coronaviruses and autophagy, a comprehensive summary of how autophagy either benefits or hinders viral replication remains elusive. In this review, we delve into the mechanisms that govern how different coronaviruses regulate autophagy. We also provide an in-depth analysis of virus-host interactions, particularly focusing on the latest data pertaining to SARS-CoV-2. Our aim is to lay a theoretical foundation for the development of novel coronavirus vaccines and the screening of potential drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Yu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Shengqiang Ge
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinming Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Jiao Xu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingli Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Shan Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaojing Yu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiliang Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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15
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Wang J, Sun H, Li R, Xu S, Guo J, Xing G, Jia B, Qiao S, Chen XX, Zhang G. PRRSV non-structural protein 5 inhibits antiviral innate immunity by degrading multiple proteins of RLR signaling pathway through FAM134B-mediated ER-phagy. J Virol 2024; 98:e0081624. [PMID: 39264156 PMCID: PMC11495150 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00816-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Viruses employ various evasion strategies to establish prolonged infection, with evasion of innate immunity being particularly crucial. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a significant pathogen in swine industry, characterized by reproductive failures in sows and respiratory distress in pigs of all ages, leading to substantial economic losses globally. In this study, we found that the non-structural protein 5 (Nsp5) of PRRSV antagonizes innate immune responses via inhibiting the expression of type I interferon (IFN-I) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), which is achieved by degrading multiple proteins of RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) signaling pathway (RIG-I, MDA5, MAVS, TBK1, IRF3, and IRF7). Furthermore, we showed that PRRSV Nsp5 is located in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it promotes accumulation of RLR signaling pathway proteins. Further data demonstrated that Nsp5 activates reticulophagy (ER-phagy), which is responsible for the degradation of RLR signaling pathway proteins and IFN-I production. Mechanistically, Nsp5 interacts with one of the ER-phagy receptor family with sequence similarity 134 member B (FAM134B), promoting the oligomerization of FAM134B. These findings elucidate a novel mechanism by which PRRSV utilizes FAM134B-mediated ER-phagy to elude host antiviral immunity.IMPORTANCEInnate immunity is the first line of host defense against viral infections. Therefore, viruses developed numerous mechanisms to evade the host innate immune responses for their own benefit. PRRSV, one of the most important endemic swine viruses, poses a significant threat to the swine industry worldwide. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that PRRSV utilizes its non-structural protein Nsp5 to degrade multiple proteins of RLR signaling pathways, which play important roles in IFN-I production. Moreover, FAM134B-mediated ER-phagy was further proved to be responsible for the protein's degradation. Our study highlights the critical role of ER-phagy in immune evasion of PRRSV to favor replication and provides new insights into the prevention and control of PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute for Animal Health, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huiqin Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute for Animal Health, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Li
- Institute for Animal Health, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shixuan Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute for Animal Health, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junqing Guo
- Institute for Animal Health, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangxu Xing
- Institute for Animal Health, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Jia
- Institute for Animal Health, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Songlin Qiao
- Institute for Animal Health, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin-xin Chen
- Institute for Animal Health, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute for Animal Health, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, China
- Longhu Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
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16
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Vastrad B, Vastrad C. Screening and identification of key biomarkers associated with endometriosis using bioinformatics and next-generation sequencing data analysis. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2024; 25:116. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-024-00572-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Endometriosis is a common cause of endometrial-type mucosa outside the uterine cavity with symptoms such as painful periods, chronic pelvic pain, pain with intercourse and infertility. However, the early diagnosis of endometriosis is still restricted. The purpose of this investigation is to identify and validate the key biomarkers of endometriosis.
Methods
Next-generation sequencing dataset GSE243039 was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between endometriosis and normal control samples were identified. After screening of DEGs, gene ontology (GO) and REACTOME pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Furthermore, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and modules were analyzed using the Human Integrated Protein–Protein Interaction rEference database and Cytoscape software, and hub genes were identified. Subsequently, a network between miRNAs and hub genes, and network between TFs and hub genes were constructed using the miRNet and NetworkAnalyst tool, and possible key miRNAs and TFs were predicted. Finally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to validate the hub genes.
Results
A total of 958 DEGs, including 479 upregulated genes and 479 downregulated genes, were screened between endometriosis and normal control samples. GO and REACTOME pathway enrichment analyses of the 958 DEGs showed that they were mainly involved in multicellular organismal process, developmental process, signaling by GPCR and muscle contraction. Further analysis of the PPI network and modules identified 10 hub genes, including vcam1, snca, prkcb, adrb2, foxq1, mdfi, actbl2, prkd1, dapk1 and actc1. Possible target miRNAs, including hsa-mir-3143 and hsa-mir-2110, and target TFs, including tcf3 (transcription factor 3) and clock (clock circadian regulator), were predicted by constructing a miRNA-hub gene regulatory network and TF-hub gene regulatory network.
Conclusions
This investigation used bioinformatics techniques to explore the potential and novel biomarkers. These biomarkers might provide new ideas and methods for the early diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of endometriosis.
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Khan A, Ling J, Li J. Is Autophagy a Friend or Foe in SARS-CoV-2 Infection? Viruses 2024; 16:1491. [PMID: 39339967 PMCID: PMC11437447 DOI: 10.3390/v16091491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
As obligate parasites, viruses need to hijack resources from infected cells to complete their lifecycle. The interaction between the virus and host determines the viral infection process, including viral propagation and the disease's outcome. Understanding the interaction between the virus and host factors is a basis for unraveling the intricate biological processes in the infected cells and thereby developing more efficient and targeted antivirals. Among the various fundamental virus-host interactions, autophagy plays vital and also complicated roles by directly engaging in the viral lifecycle and functioning as an anti- and/or pro-viral factor. Autophagy thus becomes a promising target against virus infection. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an accumulation of studies aiming to investigate the roles of autophagy in SARS-CoV-2 infection by using different models and from distinct angles, providing valuable information for systematically and comprehensively dissecting the interplay between autophagy and SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we summarize the advancements in the studies of the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and autophagy, as well as detailed molecular mechanisms. We also update the current knowledge on the pharmacological strategies used to suppress SARS-CoV-2 replication through remodeling autophagy. These extensive studies on SARS-CoV-2 and autophagy can advance our understanding of virus-autophagy interaction and provide insights into developing efficient antiviral therapeutics by regulating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asifa Khan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, The Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 582, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Jiaxin Ling
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, The Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 582, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Zoonosis Science Center, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jinlin Li
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, The Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 582, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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18
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Liu Y, Xu C, Gu R, Han R, Li Z, Xu X. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e701. [PMID: 39188936 PMCID: PMC11345536 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a key organelle in eukaryotic cells, responsible for a wide range of vital functions, including the modification, folding, and trafficking of proteins, as well as the biosynthesis of lipids and the maintenance of intracellular calcium homeostasis. A variety of factors can disrupt the function of the ER, leading to the aggregation of unfolded and misfolded proteins within its confines and the induction of ER stress. A conserved cascade of signaling events known as the unfolded protein response (UPR) has evolved to relieve the burden within the ER and restore ER homeostasis. However, these processes can culminate in cell death while ER stress is sustained over an extended period and at elevated levels. This review summarizes the potential role of ER stress and the UPR in determining cell fate and function in various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic diseases, autoimmune diseases, fibrotic diseases, viral infections, and cancer. It also puts forward that the manipulation of this intricate signaling pathway may represent a novel target for drug discovery and innovative therapeutic strategies in the context of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Liu
- Department of Aviation Clinical Medicine, Air Force Medical CenterPLABeijingChina
| | - Chunling Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Renjun Gu
- School of Chinese MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyJinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ruiqin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular BiologyDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Ziyu Li
- School of Acupuncture and TuinaSchool of Regimen and RehabilitationNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Xianrong Xu
- Department of Aviation Clinical Medicine, Air Force Medical CenterPLABeijingChina
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Cheng L, Rui Y, Wang Y, Chen S, Su J, Yu XF. A glimpse into viral warfare: decoding the intriguing role of highly pathogenic coronavirus proteins in apoptosis regulation. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:70. [PMID: 39003473 PMCID: PMC11245872 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01062-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses employ various strategies for survival, among which the activation of endogenous or exogenous apoptosis stands out, with viral proteins playing a pivotal role. Notably, highly pathogenic coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV exhibit a greater array of non-structural proteins compared to low-pathogenic strains, facilitating their ability to induce apoptosis via multiple pathways. Moreover, these viral proteins are adept at dampening host immune responses, thereby bolstering viral replication and persistence. This review delves into the intricate interplay between highly pathogenic coronaviruses and apoptosis, systematically elucidating the molecular mechanisms underpinning apoptosis induction by viral proteins. Furthermore, it explores the potential therapeutic avenues stemming from apoptosis inhibition as antiviral agents and the utilization of apoptosis-inducing viral proteins as therapeutic modalities. These insights not only shed light on viral pathogenesis but also offer novel perspectives for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyi Cheng
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yajuan Rui
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yanpu Wang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jiaming Su
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
| | - Xiao-Fang Yu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
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20
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Keramidas P, Pitou M, Papachristou E, Choli-Papadopoulou T. Insights into the Activation of Unfolded Protein Response Mechanism during Coronavirus Infection. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4286-4308. [PMID: 38785529 PMCID: PMC11120126 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses represent a significant class of viruses that affect both animals and humans. Their replication cycle is strongly associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which, upon virus invasion, triggers ER stress responses. The activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) within infected cells is performed from three transmembrane receptors, IRE1, PERK, and ATF6, and results in a reduction in protein production, a boost in the ER's ability to fold proteins properly, and the initiation of ER-associated degradation (ERAD) to remove misfolded or unfolded proteins. However, in cases of prolonged and severe ER stress, the UPR can also instigate apoptotic cell death and inflammation. Herein, we discuss the ER-triggered host responses after coronavirus infection, as well as the pharmaceutical targeting of the UPR as a potential antiviral strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Theodora Choli-Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (P.K.); (M.P.); (E.P.)
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21
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Zhu D, Liang H, Du Z, Liu Q, Li G, Zhang W, Wu D, Zhou X, Song Y, Yang C. Altered Metabolism and Inflammation Driven by Post-translational Modifications in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0350. [PMID: 38585329 PMCID: PMC10997488 DOI: 10.34133/research.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a prevalent cause of low back pain and a leading contributor to disability. IVDD progression involves pathological shifts marked by low-grade inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and metabolic disruptions characterized by heightened glycolytic pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence. Extensive posttranslational modifications of proteins within nucleus pulposus cells and chondrocytes play crucial roles in reshaping the intervertebral disc phenotype and orchestrating metabolism and inflammation in diverse contexts. This review focuses on the pivotal roles of phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, glycosylation, methylation, and lactylation in IVDD pathogenesis. It integrates the latest insights into various posttranslational modification-mediated metabolic and inflammatory signaling networks, laying the groundwork for targeted proteomics and metabolomics for IVDD treatment. The discussion also highlights unexplored territories, emphasizing the need for future research, particularly in understanding the role of lactylation in intervertebral disc health, an area currently shrouded in mystery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingchao Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huaizhen Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhi Du
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Life Sciences,
Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Gaocai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xingyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
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22
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Zhang J, Cruz-Cosme R, Zhang C, Liu D, Tang Q, Zhao RY. Endoplasmic reticulum-associated SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a elicits heightened cytopathic effects despite robust ER-associated degradation. mBio 2024; 15:e0303023. [PMID: 38078754 PMCID: PMC10790703 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03030-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has tragically claimed millions of lives through coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and there remains a critical gap in our understanding of the precise molecular mechanisms responsible for the associated fatality. One key viral factor of interest is the SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a protein, which has been identified as a potent inducer of host cellular proinflammatory responses capable of triggering the catastrophic cytokine storm, a primary contributor to COVID-19-related deaths. Moreover, ORF3a, much like the spike protein, exhibits a propensity for frequent mutations, with certain variants linked to the severity of COVID-19. Our previous research unveiled two distinct types of ORF3a mutant proteins, categorized by their subcellular localizations, setting the stage for a comparative investigation into the functional and mechanistic disparities between these two types of ORF3a variants. Given the clinical significance and functional implications of the natural ORF3a mutations, the findings of this study promise to provide invaluable insights into the potential roles undertaken by these mutant ORF3a proteins in the pathogenesis of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ruth Cruz-Cosme
- Department of Microbiology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dongxiao Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Qiyi Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Richard Y. Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Institute of Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Research & Development Service, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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23
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Sun X, Yang Y, Meng X, Li J, Liu X, Liu H. PANoptosis: Mechanisms, biology, and role in disease. Immunol Rev 2024; 321:246-262. [PMID: 37823450 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Cell death can be executed through distinct subroutines. PANoptosis is a unique inflammatory cell death modality involving the interactions between pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, which can be mediated by multifaceted PANoptosome complexes assembled via integrating components from other cell death modalities. There is growing interest in the process and function of PANoptosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that PANoptosis occurs under diverse stimuli, for example, viral or bacterial infection, cytokine storm, and cancer. Given the impact of PANoptosis across the disease spectrum, this review briefly describes the relationships between pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, highlights the key molecules in PANoptosome formation and PANoptosis activation, and outlines the multifaceted roles of PANoptosis in diseases together with a potential for therapeutic targeting. We also discuss important concepts and pressing issues for future PANoptosis research. Improved understanding of PANoptosis and its mechanisms is crucial for identifying novel therapeutic targets and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Sun
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanpeng Yang
- Cardiac Care Unit, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaona Meng
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huaimin Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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24
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Knupp J, Pletan ML, Arvan P, Tsai B. Autophagy of the ER: the secretome finds the lysosome. FEBS J 2023; 290:5656-5673. [PMID: 37920925 PMCID: PMC11044768 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal degradation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and its components through the autophagy pathway has emerged as a major regulator of ER proteostasis. Commonly referred to as ER-phagy and ER-to-lysosome-associated degradation (ERLAD), how the ER is targeted to the lysosome has been recently clarified by a growing number of studies. Here, we summarize the discoveries of the molecular components required for lysosomal degradation of the ER and their proposed mechanisms of action. Additionally, we discuss how cells employ these machineries to create the different routes of ER-lysosome-associated degradation. Further, we review the role of ER-phagy in viral infection pathways, as well as the implication of ER-phagy in human disease. In sum, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current field of ER-phagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Knupp
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Madison L Pletan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter Arvan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Billy Tsai
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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25
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Li S, Li X, Liang H, Yu K, Zhai J, Xue M, Luo Z, Zheng C, Zhang H. SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a blocked autophagy flux by intervening in the fusion between autophagosome and lysosome to promote viral infection and pathogenesis. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29200. [PMID: 37916857 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to pose a major threat to public health worldwide. Although many studies have clarified the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection process, the underlying mechanisms of viral invasion and immune evasion were still unclear. This study focused on SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a (open reading frame-7a), one of the essential open reading frames (ORFs) in infection and pathogenesis. First, by analyzing its physical and chemical characteristics, SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a is an unstable hydrophobic transmembrane protein. Then, the ORF7a transmembrane domain three-dimensional crystal structure model was predicted and verified. SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and participated in the autophagy-lysosome pathway via interacting with p62. In addition, we elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms by which ORF7a intercepted autophagic flux, promoted double membrane vesicle formation, and evaded host autophagy-lysosome degradation and antiviral innate immunity. This study demonstrated that ORF7a could be a therapeutic target, and Glecaprevir may be a potential drug against SARS-CoV-2 by targeting ORF7a. A comprehensive understanding of ORF7a's functions may contribute to developing novel therapies and clinical drugs against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, People's Hospital of Longhua, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Respiratory, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital (Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haowei Liang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kuike Yu
- Department of Spine Surgery, People's Hospital of Longhua, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingbo Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infection Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, People's Hospital of Longhua, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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26
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Yuan C, Ma Z, Xie J, Li W, Su L, Zhang G, Xu J, Wu Y, Zhang M, Liu W. The role of cell death in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:357. [PMID: 37726282 PMCID: PMC10509267 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01580-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), showing high infectiousness, resulted in an ongoing pandemic termed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 cases often experience acute respiratory distress syndrome, which has caused millions of deaths. Apart from triggering inflammatory and immune responses, many viral infections can cause programmed cell death in infected cells. Cell death mechanisms have a vital role in maintaining a suitable environment to achieve normal cell functionality. Nonetheless, these processes are dysregulated, potentially contributing to disease pathogenesis. Over the past decades, multiple cell death pathways are becoming better understood. Growing evidence suggests that the induction of cell death by the coronavirus may significantly contributes to viral infection and pathogenicity. However, the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with cell death, together with its associated mechanisms, is yet to be elucidated. In this review, we summarize the existing evidence concerning the molecular modulation of cell death in SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as viral-host interactions, which may shed new light on antiviral therapy against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenling Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiufeng Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenqing Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Su
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guozhi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaru Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
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27
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Jiao S, Miranda P, Li Y, Maric D, Holmgren M. Some aspects of the life of SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a protein in mammalian cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18754. [PMID: 37609425 PMCID: PMC10440475 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The accessory protein ORF3a, from SARS-CoV-2, plays a critical role in viral infection and pathogenesis. Here, we characterized ORF3a assembly, ion channel activity, subcellular localization, and interactome. At the plasma membrane, ORF3a exists mostly as monomers and dimers, which do not alter the native cell membrane conductance, suggesting that ORF3a does not function as a viroporin at the cell surface. As a membrane protein, ORF3a is synthesized at the ER and sorted via a canonical route. ORF3a overexpression induced an approximately 25% increase in cell death. By developing an APEX2-based proximity labeling assay, we uncovered proteins proximal to ORF3a, suggesting that ORF3a recruits some host proteins to weaken the cell. In addition, it exposed a set of mitochondria related proteins that triggered mitochondrial fission. Overall, this work can be an important instrument in understanding the role of ORF3a in the virus pathogenicity and searching for potential therapeutic treatments for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Jiao
- Molecular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, MD, USA
| | - Pablo Miranda
- Molecular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, MD, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Proteomics Core Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, MD, USA
| | - Dragan Maric
- Flow and Imaging Cytometry Core Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, MD, USA
| | - Miguel Holmgren
- Molecular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, MD, USA
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28
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Qu Y, Wang W, Xiao MZX, Zheng Y, Liang Q. The interplay between lipid droplets and virus infection. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28967. [PMID: 37496184 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
As an intracellular parasite, the virus usurps cellular machinery and modulates cellular metabolism pathways to replicate itself in cells. Lipid droplets (LDs) are universally conserved energy storage organelles that not only play vital roles in maintaining lipid homeostasis but are also involved in viral replication. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that viruses take advantage of cellular lipid metabolism by targeting the biogenesis, hydrolysis, and lipophagy of LD during viral infection. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the modulation of cellular LD by different viruses, with a special emphasis on the Hepatitis C virus, Dengue virus, and SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Qu
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weili Wang
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Maggie Z X Xiao
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuejuan Zheng
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Immunology Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiming Liang
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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29
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Shariq M, Malik AA, Sheikh JA, Hasnain SE, Ehtesham NZ. Regulation of autophagy by SARS-CoV-2: The multifunctional contributions of ORF3a. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28959. [PMID: 37485696 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-2) regulates autophagic flux by blocking the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes, causing the accumulation of membranous vesicles for replication. Multiple SARS-CoV-2 proteins regulate autophagy with significant roles attributed to ORF3a. Mechanistically, open reading frame 3a (ORF3a) forms a complex with UV radiation resistance associated, regulating the functions of the PIK3C3-1 and PIK3C3-2 lipid kinase complexes, thereby modulating autophagosome biogenesis. ORF3a sequesters VPS39 onto the late endosome/lysosome, inhibiting assembly of the soluble NSF attachement protein REceptor (SNARE) complex and preventing autolysosome formation. ORF3a promotes the interaction between BECN1 and HMGB1, inducing the assembly of PIK3CA kinases into the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) and activating reticulophagy, proinflammatory responses, and ER stress. ORF3a recruits BORCS6 and ARL8B to lysosomes, initiating the anterograde transport of the virus to the plasma membrane. ORF3a also activates the SNARE complex (STX4-SNAP23-VAMP7), inducing fusion of lysosomes with the plasma membrane for viral egress. These mechanistic details can provide multiple targets for inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 by developing host- or host-pathogen interface-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Shariq
- Inflammation Biology and Cell Signalling Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | - Asrar A Malik
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Javaid A Sheikh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Seyed E Hasnain
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Nasreen Z Ehtesham
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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30
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Kanamori A, Hinaga S, Hirata Y, Amaya F, Oh-Hashi K. Molecular characterization of wild-type and HSAN2B-linked FAM134B. Mol Biol Rep 2023:10.1007/s11033-023-08517-y. [PMID: 37273064 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08517-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family with sequence similarity 134, member B (FAM134B), also known as Reticulophagy regulator 1 (RETREG1), is an ER-phagy receptor involved in ER homeostasis. Congenital mutations in the FAM134B gene have been reported to be associated with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2B (HSAN2B); however, the molecular differences between wild-type and HSAN2B-linked FAM134B are not fully understood. METHODS AND RESULTS We prepared several human FAM134B constructs, such as the HSAN2B-linked mutant, and compared their features with those of wild-type FAM134B by transfecting these constructs into FAM134B-deficient Neuro2a cells. Although intrinsic FAM134B protein expression in wild-type Neuro2a cells was affected by the supply of amino acids in the culture medium, the expression of each HSAN2B-linked mutant FAM134B protein was hardly affected by serum and amino acid deprivation. On the other hand, the intracellular localization of GFP-tagged HSAN2B-linked mutants, except for P7Gfs133X, overlapped well with ER-localized SP-RFPKDEL and did not differ from that of GFP-tagged wild-type FAM134B. However, analysis of protein‒protein interactions using the NanoBiT reporter assay revealed the difference between wild-type and C-terminal truncated mutant FAM134B. Furthermore, this NanoBiT assay demonstrated that both wild-type and G216R FAM134B interacted with LC3/GABARAPL1 to the same extent, but the FAM134B construct with mutations near the LC3-interacting region (LIR) did not. Similar to the NanoBiT assay, the C-terminal-truncated FAM134B showed lower ER-phagy activities, as assessed by the cotransfection of GFP-tagged reporters. CONCLUSIONS We showed that wild-type and HSAN2B-linked FAM134B have different molecular characteristics by transfecting cells with various types of constructs. Thus, this study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying HSAN2B as well as the regulation of ER-phagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Kanamori
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Shohei Hinaga
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yoko Hirata
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Fumimasa Amaya
- Department of Pain Management and Palliative Care Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamikyo-Ku, Kyoto, 602-0841, Japan
| | - Kentaro Oh-Hashi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
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31
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Bhowal C, Ghosh S, Ghatak D, De R. Pathophysiological involvement of host mitochondria in SARS-CoV-2 infection that causes COVID-19: a comprehensive evidential insight. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:1325-1343. [PMID: 36308668 PMCID: PMC9617539 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04593-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a positive-strand RNA virus that infects humans through the nasopharyngeal and oral route causing COVID-19. Scientists left no stone unturned to explore a targetable key player in COVID-19 pathogenesis against which therapeutic interventions can be initiated. This article has attempted to review, coordinate and accumulate the most recent observations in support of the hypothesis predicting the altered state of mitochondria concerning mitochondrial redox homeostasis, inflammatory regulations, morphology, bioenergetics and antiviral signalling in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mitochondria is extremely susceptible to physiological as well as pathological stimuli, including viral infections. Recent studies suggest that SARS-CoV-2 pathogeneses alter mitochondrial integrity, in turn mitochondria modulate cellular response against the infection. SARS-CoV-2 M protein inhibited mitochondrial antiviral signalling (MAVS) protein aggregation in turn hinders innate antiviral response. Viral open reading frames (ORFs) also play an instrumental role in altering mitochondrial regulation of immune response. Notably, ORF-9b and ORF-6 impair MAVS activation. In aged persons, the NLRP3 inflammasome is over-activated due to impaired mitochondrial function, increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), and/or circulating free mitochondrial DNA, resulting in a hyper-response of classically activated macrophages. This article also tries to understand how mitochondrial fission-fusion dynamics is affected by the virus. This review comprehends the overall mitochondrial attribute in pathogenesis as well as prognosis in patients infected with COVID-19 taking into account pertinent in vitro, pre-clinical and clinical data encompassing subjects with a broad range of severity and morbidity. This endeavour may help in exploring novel non-canonical therapeutic strategies to COVID-19 disease and associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Bhowal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Plot No: 36, 37 & 38, Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kadampukur Village, Newtown, Kolkata, 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Sayak Ghosh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Plot No: 36, 37 & 38, Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kadampukur Village, Newtown, Kolkata, 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Debapriya Ghatak
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Rudranil De
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Plot No: 36, 37 & 38, Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kadampukur Village, Newtown, Kolkata, 700135, West Bengal, India.
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32
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Godbold GD, Hewitt FC, Kappell AD, Scholz MB, Agar SL, Treangen TJ, Ternus KL, Sandbrink JB, Koblentz GD. Improved understanding of biorisk for research involving microbial modification using annotated sequences of concern. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1124100. [PMID: 37180048 PMCID: PMC10167326 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1124100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of research on microbes that cause disease in humans has historically been focused on taxonomic lists of 'bad bugs'. However, given our increased knowledge of these pathogens through inexpensive genome sequencing, 5 decades of research in microbial pathogenesis, and the burgeoning capacity of synthetic biologists, the limitations of this approach are apparent. With heightened scientific and public attention focused on biosafety and biosecurity, and an ongoing review by US authorities of dual-use research oversight, this article proposes the incorporation of sequences of concern (SoCs) into the biorisk management regime governing genetic engineering of pathogens. SoCs enable pathogenesis in all microbes infecting hosts that are 'of concern' to human civilization. Here we review the functions of SoCs (FunSoCs) and discuss how they might bring clarity to potentially problematic research outcomes involving infectious agents. We believe that annotation of SoCs with FunSoCs has the potential to improve the likelihood that dual use research of concern is recognized by both scientists and regulators before it occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stacy L. Agar
- Signature Science, LLC, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Todd J. Treangen
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Jonas B. Sandbrink
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory D. Koblentz
- Schar School of Policy and Government, George Mason University, Arlington, VA, United States
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33
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Nie Y, Mou L, Long Q, Deng D, Hu R, Cheng J, Wu J. SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a positively regulates NF-κB activity by enhancing IKKβ-NEMO interaction. Virus Res 2023; 328:199086. [PMID: 36894068 PMCID: PMC10009424 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with severe COVID-19 exhibit robust induction of proinflammatory cytokines, which are closely associated with the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, the underlying mechanisms of the NF-κB activation mediated by SARS-CoV-2 infection remain poorly understood. Here, we screened SARS-CoV-2 genes and found that ORF3a induces proinflammatory cytokines by activating the NF-κB pathway. Moreover, we found that ORF3a interacts with IKKβ and NEMO and enhances the interaction of IKKβ-NEMO, thereby positively regulating NF-κB activity. Together, these results suggest ORF3a may play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and provide novel insights into the interaction between host immune responses and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Nie
- Department of Parasitology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; These authors contributed equally: Ying Nie, Lumin Mou
| | - Lumin Mou
- Department of Parasitology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; These authors contributed equally: Ying Nie, Lumin Mou
| | - Qizhou Long
- Department of Parasitology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Dongqing Deng
- Department of Parasitology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Rongying Hu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Jinzhi Cheng
- Department of Parasitology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jiahong Wu
- Department of Parasitology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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34
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Han K, Huang S, Kong J, Yang Y, Shi L, Ci Y. A novel fluorescent endoplasmic reticulum marker for super-resolution imaging in live cells. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:693-701. [PMID: 36694281 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a highly complicated and dynamic organelle that actively changes its shape and communicates with other organelles. Visualization of ER in live cells is of great importance to understand cellular activities. Here, we designed a novel ER marker, RR-mNeonGreen, which comprised an N-terminal ER retention signal, a bright fluorescent protein (mNeonGreen), and a C-terminal transmembrane region. Colocalization of RR-mNeonGreen with mCherry-KDEL verified that RR-mNeonGreen perfectly labeled the ER. RR-mNeonGreen showed better continuity of ER tubules when imaged by super-resolution microscopy. Moreover, RR-mNeonGreen is competent for live-cell imaging of ER dynamics and tracing of the interaction between ER and mitochondria at high spatiotemporal resolution. In summary, RR-mNeonGreen is a novel ER marker for super-resolution live-cell imaging with multiple merits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Ci
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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35
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Wang W, Qu Y, Wang X, Xiao MZX, Fu J, Chen L, Zheng Y, Liang Q. Genetic variety of ORF3a shapes SARS-CoV-2 fitness through modulation of lipid droplet. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28630. [PMID: 36861654 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection leads to the accumulation of lipid droplets (LD), the central hubs of the lipid metabolism, in vitro or in type II pneumocytes and monocytes from coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) patients and blockage of LD formation by specific inhibitors impedes SARS-CoV-2 replication. Here, we showed that ORF3a is necessary and sufficient to trigger LD accumulation during SARS-CoV-2 infection, leading to efficient virus replication. Although highly mutated during evolution, ORF3a-mediated LD modulation is conserved in most SARS-CoV-2 variants except the Beta strain and is a major difference between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 that depends on the genetic variations on the amino acid position 171, 193, and 219 of ORF3a. Importantly, T223I substitution in recent Omicron strains (BA.2-BF.8) impairs ORF3a-Vps39 association and LD accumulation, leading to less efficient replication and potentially contributing to lower pathogenesis of the Omicron strains. Our work characterized how SARS-CoV-2 modulates cellular lipid homeostasis to benefit its replication during virus evolution, making ORF3a-LD axis a promising drug target for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Wang
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafei Qu
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Maggie Z X Xiao
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joyce Fu
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuejuan Zheng
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Immunology Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiming Liang
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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36
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Padilla-Blanco M, Gucciardi F, Rubio V, Lastra A, Lorenzo T, Ballester B, González-Pastor A, Veses V, Macaluso G, Sheth CC, Pascual-Ortiz M, Maiques E, Rubio-Guerri C, Purpari G, Guercio A. A SARS-CoV-2 full genome sequence of the B.1.1 lineage sheds light on viral evolution in Sicily in late 2020. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1098965. [PMID: 36778569 PMCID: PMC9909176 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1098965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the influence of geographic constrains to mobility on SARS-CoV-2 circulation before the advent of vaccination, we recently characterized the occurrence in Sicily of viral lineages in the second pandemic wave (September to December 2020). Our data revealed wide prevalence of the then widespread through Europe B.1.177 variant, although some viral samples could not be classified with the limited Sanger sequencing tools used. A particularly interesting sample could not be fitted to a major variant then circulating in Europe and has been subjected here to full genome sequencing in an attempt to clarify its origin, lineage and relations with the seven full genome sequences deposited for that period in Sicily, hoping to provide clues on viral evolution. The obtained genome is unique (not present in databases). It hosts 20 single-base substitutions relative to the original Wuhan-Hu-1 sequence, 8 of them synonymous and the other 12 encoding 11 amino acid substitutions, all of them already reported one by one. They include four highly prevalent substitutions, NSP12:P323L, S:D614G, and N:R203K/G204R; the much less prevalent S:G181V, ORF3a:G49V and N:R209I changes; and the very rare mutations NSP3:L761I, NSP6:S106F, NSP8:S41F and NSP14:Y447H. GISAID labeled this genome as B.1.1 lineage, a lineage that appeared early on in the pandemic. Phylogenetic analysis also confirmed this lineage diagnosis. Comparison with the seven genome sequences deposited in late 2020 from Sicily revealed branching leading to B.1.177 in one branch and to Alpha in the other branch, and suggested a local origin for the S:G118V mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Padilla-Blanco
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU (UCH-CEU), CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francesca Gucciardi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vicente Rubio
- Department of Genomics and Proteomics, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IBV-CSIC) and Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERER-ISCIII), CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Lastra
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Palermo, Italy
| | - Teresa Lorenzo
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ballester
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrea González-Pastor
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Veronica Veses
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Giusi Macaluso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chirag C. Sheth
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Pascual-Ortiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elisa Maiques
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain,*Correspondence: Elisa Maiques ✉
| | - Consuelo Rubio-Guerri
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU (UCH-CEU), CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain,Consuelo Rubio-Guerri ✉
| | - Giuseppa Purpari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Palermo, Italy,Giuseppa Purpari ✉
| | - Annalisa Guercio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Palermo, Italy
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Hurtado-Tamayo J, Requena-Platek R, Enjuanes L, Bello-Perez M, Sola I. Contribution to pathogenesis of accessory proteins of deadly human coronaviruses. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1166839. [PMID: 37197199 PMCID: PMC10183600 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1166839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped and positive-stranded RNA viruses with a large genome (∼ 30kb). CoVs include essential genes, such as the replicase and four genes coding for structural proteins (S, M, N and E), and genes encoding accessory proteins, which are variable in number, sequence and function among different CoVs. Accessory proteins are non-essential for virus replication, but are frequently involved in virus-host interactions associated with virulence. The scientific literature on CoV accessory proteins includes information analyzing the effect of deleting or mutating accessory genes in the context of viral infection, which requires the engineering of CoV genomes using reverse genetics systems. However, a considerable number of publications analyze gene function by overexpressing the protein in the absence of other viral proteins. This ectopic expression provides relevant information, although does not acknowledge the complex interplay of proteins during virus infection. A critical review of the literature may be helpful to interpret apparent discrepancies in the conclusions obtained by different experimental approaches. This review summarizes the current knowledge on human CoV accessory proteins, with an emphasis on their contribution to virus-host interactions and pathogenesis. This knowledge may help the search for antiviral drugs and vaccine development, still needed for some highly pathogenic human CoVs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Isabel Sola
- *Correspondence: Melissa Bello-Perez, ; Isabel Sola,
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38
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Pant A, Yao X, Lavedrine A, Viret C, Dockterman J, Chauhan S, Chong-Shan Shi, Manjithaya R, Cadwell K, Kufer TA, Kehrl JH, Coers J, Sibley LD, Faure M, Taylor GA, Chauhan S. Interactions of Autophagy and the Immune System in Health and Diseases. AUTOPHAGY REPORTS 2022; 1:438-515. [PMID: 37425656 PMCID: PMC10327624 DOI: 10.1080/27694127.2022.2119743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved process that utilizes lysosomes to selectively degrade a variety of intracellular cargo, thus providing quality control over cellular components and maintaining cellular regulatory functions. Autophagy is triggered by multiple stimuli ranging from nutrient starvation to microbial infection. Autophagy extensively shapes and modulates the inflammatory response, the concerted action of immune cells, and secreted mediators aimed to eradicate a microbial infection or to heal sterile tissue damage. Here, we first review how autophagy affects innate immune signaling, cell-autonomous immune defense, and adaptive immunity. Then, we discuss the role of non-canonical autophagy in microbial infections and inflammation. Finally, we review how crosstalk between autophagy and inflammation influences infectious, metabolic, and autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Pant
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Xiaomin Yao
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Aude Lavedrine
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, FRM
| | - Christophe Viret
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, FRM
| | - Jake Dockterman
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Swati Chauhan
- Cell biology and Infectious diseases, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Chong-Shan Shi
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ravi Manjithaya
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Thomas A. Kufer
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - John H. Kehrl
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jörn Coers
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - L. David Sibley
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University Sch. Med., St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Mathias Faure
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, FRM
| | - Gregory A Taylor
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University Sch. Med., St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Health Care Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, and Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Santosh Chauhan
- Cell biology and Infectious diseases, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- CSIR–Centre For Cellular And Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana
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39
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Tang L, Song Y, Xu J, Chu Y. The role of selective autophagy in pathogen infection. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2022-0877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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40
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Liu J, Chen Y, Nie L, Liang X, Huang W, Li R. In silico analysis and preclinical findings uncover potential targets of anti-cervical carcinoma and COVID-19 in laminarin, a promising nutraceutical. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:955482. [PMID: 36016559 PMCID: PMC9395986 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.955482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Until today, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused 6,043,094 deaths worldwide, and most of the mortality cases have been related to patients with long-term diseases, especially cancer. Autophagy is a cellular process for material degradation. Recently, studies demonstrated the association of autophagy with cancer development and immune disorder, suggesting autophagy as a possible target for cancer and immune therapy. Laminarin is a polysaccharide commonly found in brown algae and has been reported to have pharmaceutic roles in treating human diseases, including cancers. In the present report, we applied network pharmacology with systematic bioinformatic analysis, including gene ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, reactome pathway analysis, and molecular docking to determine the pharmaceutic targets of laminarin against COVID-19 and cervical cancer via the autophagic process. Our results showed that the laminarin would target ten genes: CASP8, CFTR, DNMT1, HPSE, KCNH2, PIK3CA, PIK3R1, SERPINE1, TLR4, and VEGFA. The enrichment analysis suggested their involvement in cell death, immune responses, apoptosis, and viral infection. In addition, molecular docking further demonstrated the direct binding of laminarin to its target proteins, VEGFA, TLR4, CASP8, and PIK3R1. The present findings provide evidence that laminarin could be used as a combined therapy for treating patients with COVID-19 and cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Yudong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Guigang City People’s Hospital, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang, China
| | - Litao Nie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Wenjun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjun Huang, ; Rong Li,
| | - Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjun Huang, ; Rong Li,
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Li X, Kuang E. Reticulophagy Reprograms the Endoplasmic Reticulum for SARS-CoV-2 Replication. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:896618. [PMID: 35573668 PMCID: PMC9097150 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.896618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Li
- College of Clinic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Ersheng Kuang
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ersheng Kuang,
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