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Salnikova DI, Nikiforov NG, Postnov AY, Orekhov AN. Target Role of Monocytes as Key Cells of Innate Immunity in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Diseases 2024; 12:81. [PMID: 38785736 PMCID: PMC11119903 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12050081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, and inflammatory autoimmune condition characterized by synovitis, pannus formation (with adjacent bone erosion), and joint destruction. In the perpetuation of RA, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), macrophages, B cells, and CD4+ T-cells-specifically Th1 and Th17 cells-play crucial roles. Additionally, dendritic cells, neutrophils, mast cells, and monocytes contribute to the disease progression. Monocytes, circulating cells primarily derived from the bone marrow, participate in RA pathogenesis. Notably, CCR2 interacts with CCL2, and CX3CR1 (expressed by monocytes) cooperates with CX3CL1 (produced by FLSs), facilitating the migration involved in RA. Canonical "classical" monocytes predominantly acquire the phenotype of an "intermediate" subset, which differentially expresses proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF) and surface markers (CD14, CD16, HLA-DR, TLRs, and β1- and β2-integrins). However, classical monocytes have greater potential to differentiate into osteoclasts, which contribute to bone resorption in the inflammatory milieu; in RA, Th17 cells stimulate FLSs to produce RANKL, triggering osteoclastogenesis. This review aims to explore the monocyte heterogeneity, plasticity, antigenic expression, and their differentiation into macrophages and osteoclasts. Additionally, we investigate the monocyte migration into the synovium and the role of their cytokines in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana I. Salnikova
- Laboratory of Oncoproteomics, Department of Experimental Tumor Biology, Institute of Carcinogenesis, Blokhin N.N. National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoe Highway, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita G. Nikiforov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (N.G.N.); (A.N.O.)
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 3 Tsyurupa Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia;
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilova Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton Y. Postnov
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 3 Tsyurupa Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (N.G.N.); (A.N.O.)
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 3 Tsyurupa Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya Street 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia
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Rickettsia Vaccine Candidate pVAX1-OmpB24 Stimulates TCD4+INF-γ+ and TCD8+INF-γ+ Lymphocytes in Autologous Co-Culture of Human Cells. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010173. [PMID: 36680017 PMCID: PMC9865178 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, promising vaccination strategies against rickettsiosis have been described in experimental animal models and human cells. OmpB is considered an immunodominant antigen that is recognized by T and B cells. The aim of this study was to identify TCD4+INF-γ+ and TCD8+INF-γ+ lymphocytes in an autologous system with macrophages transfected with the vaccine candidate pVAX1-OmpB24. Lymphocytes and monocytes from 14 patients with Rickettsia were isolated from whole blood. Monocytes were differentiated into macrophages and transfected with the plasmid pVAX1-OmpB24 pVax1. Isolated lymphocytes were cultured with transfected macrophages. IFN-γ-producing TCD4+ and TCD8+ lymphocyte subpopulations were identified by flow cytometry, as was the percentage of macrophages expressing CD40+, CD80+, HLA-I and HLA-II. Also, we analyzed the exhausted condition of the T lymphocyte subpopulation by PD1 expression. Macrophages transfected with pVAX1-OmpB24 stimulated TCD4+INF-γ+ cells in healthy subjects and patients infected with R. typhi. Macrophages stimulated TCD8+INF-γ+ cells in healthy subjects and patients infected with R. rickettsii and R. felis. Cells from healthy donors stimulated with OmpB-24 showed a higher percentage of TCD4+PD1+. Cells from patients infected with R. rickettsii had a higher percentage of TCD8+PD-1+, and for those infected with R. typhi the larger number of cells corresponded to TCD4+PD1+. Human macrophages transfected with pVAX1-OmpB24 activated TCD4+IFN-γ+ and CD8+IFN-γ+ in patients infected with different Rickettsia species. However, PD1 expression played an important role in the inhibition of T lymphocytes with R. felis.
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3
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Talaat IM, Elemam NM, Zaher S, Saber-Ayad M. Checkpoint molecules on infiltrating immune cells in colorectal tumor microenvironment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:955599. [PMID: 36072957 PMCID: PMC9441912 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.955599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancer types worldwide, with a high mortality rate due to metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) contains multiple interactions between the tumor and the host, thus determining CRC initiation and progression. Various immune cells exist within the TME, such as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs). The immunotherapy approach provides novel opportunities to treat solid tumors, especially toward immune checkpoints. Despite the advances in the immunotherapy of CRC, there are still obstacles to successful treatment. In this review, we highlighted the role of these immune cells in CRC, with a particular emphasis on immune checkpoint molecules involved in CRC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman M. Talaat
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Noha M. Elemam
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Noha M. Elemam,
| | - Shroque Zaher
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maha Saber-Ayad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Maha Saber-Ayad,
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4
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Abstract
Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) dramatically changed the face of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, making it one of the most prominent medical breakthroughs of the past 3 decades. However, as the life span of persons living with HIV (PLWH) continues to approach that of the general population, the same cannot be said regarding their quality of life. PLWH are affected by comorbid conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and neurocognitive impairment at a higher rate and increased severity than their age-matched counterparts. PLWH also have higher levels of inflammation, the drivers of which are not entirely clear. As cART treatment is lifelong, we assessed here the effects of cART, independent of HIV, on primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). MDMs were unskewed or skewed to an alternative phenotype and treated with Atripla or Triumeq, two first-line cART treatments. We report that Triumeq skewed alternative MDMs toward an inflammatory nonsenescent phenotype. Both Atripla and Triumeq caused mitochondrial dysfunction, specifically efavirenz and abacavir. Additionally, transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) demonstrated that both Atripla and Triumeq caused differential regulation of genes involved in immune regulation and cell cycle and DNA repair. Collectively, our data demonstrate that cART, independent of HIV, alters the MDM phenotype. This suggests that cART may contribute to cell dysregulation in PLWH that subsequently results in increased susceptibility to comorbidities.
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Chen BR, Hsu KT, Li TL, Chan YL, Wu CJ. Topical application of fucoidan derived from Cladosiphon okamuranus alleviates atopic dermatitis symptoms through immunomodulation. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108362. [PMID: 34801417 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a T helper (Th) 2 cell-mediated allergic disease, which features increased number of immunocytes and level of Th2-associated cytokines. Fucoidan is well known a naturally occurring agent effectively ameliorating many AD symptoms. Though these alleviative effects are exhilarating, the mechanisms behind, however, are still rather limited. In this study, we report that fucoidan derived from Cladosiphon okamuranus (FT) inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production by exerting its anti-inflammatory ability. Topical application on animals show that FT promotes skin repair, reduces immunocyte proliferation, and decreases serum IgE level. In histological analysis, FT favorably reduces epidermal hyperplasia and eosinophilic infiltration. The pharmacodynamics mechanism of FT is determined by means of down-regulating AD-associated cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-22, IL-33, and TSLP) and up-regulating TGF-β1 level. Moreover, FT can regulate systemic immunity by enhancing tolerogenic dendritic cells (Tol-DCs) to activate regulatory T cells (Treg) differentiation and to decrease the population of Th22 and memory B cells. Overall, topical application of FT is able to enhance Treg secreting TGF-β1 and to down-regulate Th2 cell-mediated immunity so that AD symptoms are significantly alleviated. Thereby, FT is an ideal drug candidate potentially replacing or complementing corticosteroids to be developed and used as a therapeutic agent to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Rui Chen
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan; Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Food Science and Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Ting Hsu
- Department of Food Science and Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Li
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Chan
- Department of Life Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Jer Wu
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan; Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Food Science and Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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6
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Shibru B, Fey K, Fricke S, Blaudszun AR, Fürst F, Weise M, Seiffert S, Weyh MK, Köhl U, Sack U, Boldt A. Detection of Immune Checkpoint Receptors - A Current Challenge in Clinical Flow Cytometry. Front Immunol 2021; 12:694055. [PMID: 34276685 PMCID: PMC8281132 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.694055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunological therapy principles are increasingly determining modern medicine. They are used to treat diseases of the immune system, for tumors, but also for infections, neurological diseases, and many others. Most of these therapies base on antibodies, but small molecules, soluble receptors or cells and modified cells are also used. The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors is amazingly fast. T-cell directed antibody therapies against PD-1 or CTLA-4 are already firmly established in the clinic. Further targets are constantly being added and it is becoming increasingly clear that their expression is not only relevant on T cells. Furthermore, we do not yet have any experience with the long-term systemic effects of the treatment. Flow cytometry can be used for diagnosis, monitoring, and detection of side effects. In this review, we focus on checkpoint molecules as target molecules and functional markers of cells of the innate and acquired immune system. However, for most of the interesting and potentially relevant parameters, there are still no test kits suitable for routine use. Here we give an overview of the detection of checkpoint molecules on immune cells in the peripheral blood and show examples of a possible design of antibody panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Shibru
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katharina Fey
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Fricke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Friederike Fürst
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Max Weise
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabine Seiffert
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Katharina Weyh
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Köhl
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sack
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Boldt
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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7
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Üçal M, Maurer C, Etschmaier V, Hamberger D, Grünbacher G, Tögl L, Roosen MJ, Molcanyi M, Vorholt D, Hatay FF, Hescheler J, Pallasch C, Schäfer U, Patz S. Inflammatory Pre-Conditioning of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells with Cerebrospinal Fluid from Traumatic Brain Injury Patients Alters the Immunomodulatory Potential of ADSC Secretomes. J Neurotrauma 2021; 38:2311-2322. [PMID: 33514282 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2020.7017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulation by adipose-tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) is of special interest for the alleviation of damaging inflammatory responses in central nervous system injuries. The present study explored the effects of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients on this immunomodulatory potential of ADSCs. CSF conditioning of ADSCs increased messenger RNA levels of both pro- and anti-inflammatory genes compared to controls. Exposure of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-differentiated THP1 macrophages to the secretome of CSF-conditioned ADSCs downregulated both proinflammatory (cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor alpha) and anti-inflammatory (suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, and transforming growth factor beta) genes in these cells. Interleukin-10 expression was elevated in both naïve and conditioned secretomes. ADSC secretome treatment, further, induced macrophage maturation of THP1 cells and increased the percentage of CD11b+, CD14+, CD86+, and, to a lesser extent, CD206+ cells. This, moreover, enhanced the phagocytic activity of CD14+ and CD86+ cells, though independently of pre-conditioning. Secretome exposure, finally, also induced a reduction in the percentage of CD192+ adherent cells in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from both healthy subjects and TBI patients. This limited efficacy (of both naïve and pre-conditioned secretomes) suggests that the effects of lymphocyte-monocyte paracrine signaling on the fate of cultured PBMCs are strongest upon adherent cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muammer Üçal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christa Maurer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.,Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division for Medical Cell Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Hamberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.,National Centre for Tumour Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerda Grünbacher
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lennart Tögl
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marvin J Roosen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marek Molcanyi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.,Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniela Vorholt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, CECAD Centre of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - F Fulya Hatay
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Pallasch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, CECAD Centre of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ute Schäfer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Silke Patz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
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8
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Kadiyala P, Carney SV, Gauss JC, Garcia-Fabiani MB, Haase S, Alghamri MS, Núñez FJ, Liu Y, Yu M, Taher A, Nunez FM, Li D, Edwards MB, Kleer CG, Appelman H, Sun Y, Zhao L, Moon JJ, Schwendeman A, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Inhibition of 2-hydroxyglutarate elicits metabolic reprogramming and mutant IDH1 glioma immunity in mice. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:139542. [PMID: 33332283 DOI: 10.1172/jci139542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1-R132H; mIDH1) is a hallmark of adult gliomas. Lower grade mIDH1 gliomas are classified into 2 molecular subgroups: 1p/19q codeletion/TERT-promoter mutations or inactivating mutations in α-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) and TP53. This work focuses on glioma subtypes harboring mIDH1, TP53, and ATRX inactivation. IDH1-R132H is a gain-of-function mutation that converts α-ketoglutarate into 2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG). The role of D-2HG within the tumor microenvironment of mIDH1/mATRX/mTP53 gliomas remains unexplored. Inhibition of D-2HG, when used as monotherapy or in combination with radiation and temozolomide (IR/TMZ), led to increased median survival (MS) of mIDH1 glioma-bearing mice. Also, D-2HG inhibition elicited anti-mIDH1 glioma immunological memory. In response to D-2HG inhibition, PD-L1 expression levels on mIDH1-glioma cells increased to similar levels as observed in WT-IDH gliomas. Thus, we combined D-2HG inhibition/IR/TMZ with anti-PDL1 immune checkpoint blockade and observed complete tumor regression in 60% of mIDH1 glioma-bearing mice. This combination strategy reduced T cell exhaustion and favored the generation of memory CD8+ T cells. Our findings demonstrate that metabolic reprogramming elicits anti-mIDH1 glioma immunity, leading to increased MS and immunological memory. Our preclinical data support the testing of IDH-R132H inhibitors in combination with IR/TMZ and anti-PDL1 as targeted therapy for mIDH1/mATRX/mTP53 glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padma Kadiyala
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephen V Carney
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jessica C Gauss
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Maria B Garcia-Fabiani
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Santiago Haase
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mahmoud S Alghamri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Felipe J Núñez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yayuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Minzhi Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ayman Taher
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Fernando M Nunez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Marta B Edwards
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Celina G Kleer
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Henry Appelman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yilun Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - James J Moon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Pedro R Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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9
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Krupa P, Spodzieja M, Sieradzan AK. Prediction of CD28-CD86 protein complex structure using different level of resolution approach. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 103:107802. [PMID: 33246194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Immune system plays essential role in functioning of higher organisms. Its hyperactivity can lead to autoimmune diseases or even anaphylactic shock while hypoactivity leads to proneness to infections or even cancer. T-cells play crucial role in immunity mechanisms and their activation and inhibition is strictly controlled by the regulatory proteins, such as CD28 and CTLA-4. Activity of these proteins is controlled by a pair of ligands, named CD80 and CD86, which can non-covalently bound to their receptors. While structure of human CTLA-4-CD86 complex in known, there is still no available structure for the CD28-CD86 system. To obtain the reliable structure of CD28-CD86 complex we first validated our methodology on the CTLA-4-CD86 system. Then coarse-grained UNRES-dock molecular docking simulation was performed followed by all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. As a result, we obtained a complete CD28-CD86 complex structure on atomistic level, in which interaction interface is consistent with available data. We also determined the kinetic properties for CTLA4-CD86 and CD28-CD86 complexes with use of coarse-grained model and determined the key residues for complex formation with use of Robetta, PPCheck and HawkDock servers. Our results not only verify high accuracy of the UNRES-dock method, but also provide a highly reliable model of the CD28-CD86 complex, which can be used in further studies and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Krupa
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668, Warsaw, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Marta Spodzieja
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Adam K Sieradzan
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
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10
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Paris S, Chapat L, Martin-Cagnon N, Durand PY, Piney L, Cariou C, Bergamo P, Bonnet JM, Poulet H, Freyburger L, De Luca K. β-Glucan as Trained Immunity-Based Adjuvants for Rabies Vaccines in Dogs. Front Immunol 2020; 11:564497. [PMID: 33162977 PMCID: PMC7580252 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.564497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of trained immunity have been extensively described in vitro and the beneficial effects are starting to be deciphered in in vivo settings. Prototypical compounds inducing trained immunity, such as β-glucans, act through epigenetic reprogramming and metabolic changes of innate immune cells. The recent advances in this field have opened new areas for the development of Trained immunity-based adjuvants (TIbAs). In this study, we assessed in dogs the potential immune training effects of β-glucans as well as their capacity to enhance the adaptive immune response of an inactivated rabies vaccine (Rabisin®). Injection of β-glucan from Euglena gracilis was performed 1 month before vaccination with Rabisin® supplemented or not with the same β-glucan used as adjuvant. Trained innate immunity parameters were assessed during the first month of the trial. The second phase of the study was focused on the ability of β-glucan to enhance adaptive immune responses measured by multiple immunological parameters. B and T-cell specific responses were monitored to evaluate the immunogenicity of the rabies vaccine adjuvanted with β-glucan or not. Our preliminary results support that adjuvantation of Rabisin® vaccine with β-glucan elicit a higher B-lymphocyte immune response, the prevailing factor of protection against rabies. β-glucan also tend to stimulate the T cell response as shown by the cytokine secretion profile of PBMCs re-stimulated ex vivo. Our data are providing new insights on the impact of trained immunity on the adaptive immune response to vaccines in dogs. The administration of β-glucan, 1 month before or simultaneously to Rabisin® vaccination give promising results for the generation of new TIbA candidates and their potential to provide increased immunogenicity of specific vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Paris
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, R&D, Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, APCSe, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Agression in Sepsis, VetAgro Sup-Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l’Etoile, France
- Département Biologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Carine Cariou
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, R&D, Lyon, France
| | | | - Jeanne-Marie Bonnet
- Université de Lyon, APCSe, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Agression in Sepsis, VetAgro Sup-Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l’Etoile, France
| | - Hervé Poulet
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, R&D, Lyon, France
| | - Ludovic Freyburger
- Université de Lyon, APCSe, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Agression in Sepsis, VetAgro Sup-Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l’Etoile, France
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11
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Condotta SA, Downey J, Pardy RD, Valbon SF, Tarrab E, Lamarre A, Divangahi M, Richer MJ. Cyclophilin D Regulates Antiviral CD8 + T Cell Survival in a Cell-Extrinsic Manner. Immunohorizons 2020; 4:217-230. [PMID: 32332052 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity is critical for host defense against viruses and requires mitochondria-mediated type I IFN (IFN-I) signaling for optimal protection. Cyclophilin D (CypD) is a mitochondrial matrix protein that modulates the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, but its role in IFN-I signaling and CD8+ T cell responses to viral infection has not been previously explored. In this study, we demonstrate that CypD plays a critical extrinsic role in the survival of Ag-specific CD8+ T cell following acute viral infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in mice. CypD deficiency resulted in reduced IFN-I and increased CD8+ T cell death, resulting in a reduced antiviral CD8+ T cell response. In addition, CypD deficiency was associated with an increase in pathogen burden at an early time-point following infection. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that transfer of wild-type macrophages (expressing CypD) to CypD-deficient mice can partially restore CD8+ T cell responses. These results establish that CypD plays an extrinsic role in regulating optimal effector CD8+ T cell responses to viral infection. Furthermore, this suggests that, under certain circumstances, inhibition of CypD function may have a detrimental impact on the host's ability to respond to viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Condotta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Downey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
- McGill International TB Centre, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Ryan D Pardy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Stefanie F Valbon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Esther Tarrab
- Laboratoire d'Immunovirologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Quebec H7V 1B7, Canada; and
| | - Alain Lamarre
- Laboratoire d'Immunovirologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Quebec H7V 1B7, Canada; and
| | - Maziar Divangahi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
- McGill International TB Centre, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Martin J Richer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada;
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
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12
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Yüksel S, Pekcan M, Puralı N, Esendağlı G, Tavukçuoğlu E, Rivero-Arredondo V, Ontiveros-Padilla L, López-Macías C, Şenel S. Development and in vitro evaluation of a new adjuvant system containing Salmonella Typhi porins and chitosan. Int J Pharm 2020; 578:119129. [PMID: 32045689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to improve the immunogenicity of the highly purified vaccine antigens, addition of an adjuvant to formulation, without affecting the safety of the vaccine, has been the key aim of the vaccine formulators. In recent years, adjuvants which are composed of a delivery system and immunopotentiators have been preferred to induce potent immune responses. In this study, we have combined Salmonella Typhi porins and chitosan to develop a new adjuvant system to enhance the immunogenicity of the highly purified antigens. Cationic gels, microparticle (1.69 ± 0.01 μm) and nanoparticles (337.7 ± 1.7 nm) based on chitosan were prepared with high loading efficiency of porins. Cellular uptake was examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy, and the macrophage activation was investigated by measuring the surface marker as well as the cytokine release in vitro in J774A.1 macrophage murine cells. Porins alone were not taken up by the macrophage cells whereas in combination with chitosan a significant uptake was obtained. Porins-chitosan combination systems were found to induce CD80, CD86 and MHC-II expressions at different levels by different formulations depending on the particle size. Similarly, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were found to increase with porins-chitosan combination. Our results demonstrated that combination of porins with chitosan as a particulate system exerts enhanced adjuvant effect, suggesting a promising adjuvant system for subunit vaccines with combined immunostimulating activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Yüksel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mert Pekcan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara University, Dışkapı, 06110 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nuhan Puralı
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Güneş Esendağlı
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ece Tavukçuoğlu
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vanessa Rivero-Arredondo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional 'Siglo XXI', Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Ontiveros-Padilla
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional 'Siglo XXI', Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Constantino López-Macías
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional 'Siglo XXI', Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Sevda Şenel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
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13
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Brito LF, Mallikarjunappa S, Sargolzaei M, Koeck A, Chesnais J, Schenkel F, Meade K, Miglior F, Karrow N. The genetic architecture of milk ELISA scores as an indicator of Johne's disease (paratuberculosis) in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:10062-10075. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-14250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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14
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Cigarette smoke condensate may disturb immune function with apoptotic cell death by impairing function of organelles in alveolar macrophages. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 52:351-364. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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15
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Agent-Based Modeling of Immune Response to Study the Effects of Regulatory T Cells in Type 1 Diabetes. Processes (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/pr6090141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have an important role in self-tolerance. Understanding the functions of Tregs is important for preventing or slowing the progress of Type 1 Diabetes. We use a two-dimensional (2D) agent-based model to simulate immune response in mice and test the effects of Tregs in tissue protection. We compared the immune response with and without Tregs, and also tested the effects of Tregs from different sources or with different functions. The results show that Tregs can inhibit the proliferation of effector T cells by inhibiting antigens presenting via dendritic cells (DCs). Although the number and function of Tregs affect the inhibition, a small number of Tregs compared to CD4+ T cells can effectively protect islets in pancreatic tissue. Finally, we added Tregs to the system in the middle phase of the immune response. The simulation results show that Tregs can inhibit the production of effector CD8+ T cells and maintain a good environment for β cell regeneration.
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16
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Ara A, Ahmed KA, Xiang J. Multiple effects of CD40-CD40L axis in immunity against infection and cancer. Immunotargets Ther 2018; 7:55-61. [PMID: 29988701 PMCID: PMC6029590 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s163614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) protects against infection and cancer cells. Understanding the mechanisms involved in generation and maintenance of effective CTL responses is essential for improving disease therapy and vaccine protocols. During CTL responses, immune cells encounter several tightly regulated signaling pathways; therefore, in such a dynamic process, proper integration of critical signals is necessary to orchestrate an effective immune response. In this review, we have focused on CD40-CD40L interactions (a key signal) in the regulation of dendritic cell (DC)-T cell (CD4+ T and CD8+ T) cross-talk, rescuing CTL exhaustion, and converting DC tolerization. We have also highlighted the knowledge gap and future directions to design immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjuman Ara
- Cancer Research Cluster, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, .,Division of Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada,
| | - Khawaja Ashfaque Ahmed
- Cancer Research Cluster, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, .,Division of Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada,
| | - Jim Xiang
- Cancer Research Cluster, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, .,Division of Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada,
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17
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Tuccilli C, Baldini E, Sorrenti S, Catania A, Antonelli A, Fallahi P, Tartaglia F, Barollo S, Mian C, Palmieri A, Carbotta G, Arcieri S, Pironi D, Vergine M, Monti M, Ulisse S. CTLA-4 and PD-1 Ligand Gene Expression in Epithelial Thyroid Cancers. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:1742951. [PMID: 30123257 PMCID: PMC6079443 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1742951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of PD-1 ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) and CTLA-4 ligands (CD80 and CD86) represents a tumor strategy to escape the immune surveillance. Here, the expression of PD-L1, PD-L2, CD80, and CD86 was evaluated at the mRNA level in 94 patients affected by papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and 11 patients affected by anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). Variations in the mRNAs in PTC patients were then correlated with clinicopathological features. The expression of all genes was deregulated in PTC and ATC tissues compared to normal tissues. In particular, the downregulation of CD80 was observed above all in ATC. In addition, the increased expression of CD80 associated with longer disease-free survival in PTC. Higher expression of PD-L1 associated with the classical histological variant and with the presence of BRAFV600E mutation in PTC. The increased PD-L2 expression correlated with BRAFV600E mutation and lymph node metastasis, while its lower expression correlated with the follicular PTC variant. The latter was also associated with the CD80 downregulation, which was also related to the absence of lymph node metastasis. In conclusion, we documented the overall dysregulation of PD-1 and CTLA-4 ligands in PTC and ATC tissues and a possible prognostic value for CD80 gene expression in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tuccilli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Enke Baldini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sorrenti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Catania
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Susi Barollo
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Caterina Mian
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Palmieri
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Carbotta
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Arcieri
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Pironi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Vergine
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Monti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ulisse
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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18
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Rudolf-Oliveira RCM, Auat M, Cardoso CC, Santos-Pirath IM, Lange BG, Pires-Silva J, Moraes ACRD, Dametto GC, Pirolli MM, Colombo MDHP, Santos-Silva MC. Determination of normal expression patterns of CD86, CD210a, CD261, CD262, CD264, CD358, and CD361 in peripheral blood and bone marrow cells by flow cytometry. Immunol Lett 2017; 194:44-55. [PMID: 29274771 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In 2010, new monoclonal antibodies were submitted to the 9th International Workshop on Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens, and there are few studies demonstrating normal expression patterns of these markers. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the normal patterns of cell expression of CD86, CD210a, CD261, CD262, CD264, CD358, and CD361 in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) samples by flow cytometry. In the present study, CD86 was expressed only in monocytes and B lymphocytes in PB and in monocytes and plasma cells in BM. Regarding CD210a expression, in PB samples, monocytes and NK cells showed weak expression, while neutrophils, B and T lymphocytes, and basophils showed weak and partial expression. In BM samples, expression of CD210a was observed in eosinophils, monocytes, and B and T/NK lymphocytes. Weak expression of CD210a was also observed in neutrophilic cells and plasma cells. All B cell maturation stages had weak expression of CD210a except for immature B cells, which did not express this marker. In the present study, no cell type in PB samples showed positivity for CD261 and, in BM samples, there was very weak expression in neutrophilic series, monocytes, and B lymphocytes. Conversely, plasma cells showed positivity for CD261 with a homogeneous expression. For CD262, there was weak expression in monocytes, neutrophils, and B lymphocytes in PB samples and weak expression in monocytes, B lymphocytes, and plasma cells in BM samples. The evaluation of CD264 showed very weak expression in B cells in PB samples and no expression in BM cells. Very weak expression of CD358 was observed in neutrophils, monocytes, and B lymphocytes in PB and BM samples. In addition, in BM samples, plasma cells and T lymphocytes showed weak expression of CD358. In relation to the maturation stages of B cells, there was weak expression in pro-B cel, pre-B cell, and mature B cell. In the present study, it was possible to observe expression of CD361 in all cell types analyzed in PB and BM samples. The analyzed markers presented varied profiles of expression and, in some cases, these profiles were different from those observed in other studies. Further studies are needed to evaluate these molecules, mainly in relation to a possible application in the diagnosis of hematological malignancies or as new therapeutic targets for the treatment of hematological neoplasms or autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariangeles Auat
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina UFSC, Zip Code 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Chandra Chiappin Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina UFSC, Zip Code 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Iris Mattos Santos-Pirath
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina UFSC, Zip Code 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Barbara Gil Lange
- Departamento de Análises Clínicias, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina UFSC, Zip Code 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Pires-Silva
- Departamento de Análises Clínicias, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina UFSC, Zip Code 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Rabello de Moraes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina UFSC, Zip Code 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Departamento de Análises Clínicias, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina UFSC, Zip Code 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Gisele Cristina Dametto
- Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia de Santa Catarina - HEMOSC, Zip Code 88015-240, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Mayara Marin Pirolli
- Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia de Santa Catarina - HEMOSC, Zip Code 88015-240, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Claudia Santos-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina UFSC, Zip Code 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Departamento de Análises Clínicias, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina UFSC, Zip Code 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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19
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Sekelova Z, Polansky O, Stepanova H, Fedr R, Faldynova M, Rychlik I, Vlasatikova L. Different roles of CD4, CD8 and γδ T-lymphocytes in naive and vaccinated chickens during Salmonella Enteritidis infection. Proteomics 2017. [PMID: 28621911 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocytes represent the key antigen-specific leukocyte subpopulation. Despite their importance in mounting an immune response, an unbiased description of proteins expressed by chicken lymphocytes has not been presented. In this study, we therefore intravenously infected chickens with Salmonella Enteritidis, sorted CD4, CD8 and γδ T-lymphocytes from the spleen by flow cytometry and determined the proteome of each population by LC-MS/MS. CD4 T-lymphocyte characteristic proteins included ubiquitin SUMO-like domain and BAR domain containing proteins. CD8 T-lymphocyte specific proteins were characterized by purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding and were involved in cell differentiation, cell activation and regulation of programmed cell death. γδ T-lymphocyte specific proteins exhibited enrichment of small GTPase of Rab type and GTP binding. Following infection, inducible proteins in CD4 lymphocytes included ribosomal proteins and downregulated proteins localized to the lysosome. CD8 T-lymphocytes induced MCM complex proteins, proteins required for DNA replication and machinery for protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. Proteins inducible in γδ T-lymphocytes belonged to immune system response, oxidative phosphorylation and the spliceosome. In this study, we predicted the likely events in lymphocyte response to systemic bacterial infection and identified proteins which can be used as markers specific for each lymphocyte subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Radek Fedr
- Institute of Biophysics of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ivan Rychlik
- Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
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20
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Borba HHL, Funke A, Wiens A, Utiyama SRDR, Perlin CM, Pontarolo R. Update on Biologic Therapies for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2017; 18:44. [PMID: 27299782 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-016-0589-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multisystemic autoimmune disease driven by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Despite the advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in the last decades, SLE still leads to significant morbidity and increased mortality. Although a cure for SLE is still unknown, treatment is required to control acute disease exacerbation episodes (flares), decrease the frequency and severity of subsequent lupus flares, address comorbidities, and prevent end-organ damage. While conventional SLE pharmacotherapy may exhibit suboptimal efficacy and substantial toxicity, a growing knowledge of the disease pathogenesis enabled the research on novel therapeutic agents directed at specific disease-related targets. In this paper, we review the recent progress in the clinical investigation of biologic agents targeting B cells, T cells, cytokines, innate immunity, and other immunologic or inflammatory pathways. Although many investigational agents exhibited insufficient efficacy or inadequate safety in clinical trials, one of them, belimumab, fulfilled the efficacy and safety regulatory requirements and was approved for the treatment of SLE in Europe and the USA, which confirms that, despite all difficulties, advances in this field are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Hiemisch Lobo Borba
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Research Program, Federal University of Parana, Campus III, Av. Pref. Lothario Meissner, 632, Jardim Botanico, Curitiba, PR, 80210-170, Brazil
| | - Andreas Funke
- Rheumatology Service, Hospital de Clinicas, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Astrid Wiens
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Research Program, Federal University of Parana, Campus III, Av. Pref. Lothario Meissner, 632, Jardim Botanico, Curitiba, PR, 80210-170, Brazil
| | - Shirley Ramos da Rosa Utiyama
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Research Program, Federal University of Parana, Campus III, Av. Pref. Lothario Meissner, 632, Jardim Botanico, Curitiba, PR, 80210-170, Brazil
| | - Cássio Marques Perlin
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Research Program, Federal University of Parana, Campus III, Av. Pref. Lothario Meissner, 632, Jardim Botanico, Curitiba, PR, 80210-170, Brazil
| | - Roberto Pontarolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Research Program, Federal University of Parana, Campus III, Av. Pref. Lothario Meissner, 632, Jardim Botanico, Curitiba, PR, 80210-170, Brazil.
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21
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Owyong M, Hosseini-Nassab N, Efe G, Honkala A, van den Bijgaart RJE, Plaks V, Smith BR. Cancer Immunotherapy Getting Brainy: Visualizing the Distinctive CNS Metastatic Niche to Illuminate Therapeutic Resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2017; 33-35:23-35. [PMID: 29145972 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The advent of cancer immunotherapy (CIT) and its success in treating primary and metastatic cancer may offer substantially improved outcomes for patients. Despite recent advancements, many malignancies remain resistant to CIT, among which are brain metastases, a particularly virulent disease with no apparent cure. The immunologically unique niche of the brain has prompted compelling new questions in immuno-oncology such as the effects of tissue-specific differences in immune response, heterogeneity between primary tumors and distant metastases, and the role of spatiotemporal dynamics in shaping an effective anti-tumor immune response. Current methods to examine the immunobiology of metastases in the brain are constrained by tissue processing methods that limit spatial data collection, omit dynamic information, and cannot recapitulate the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment. In the current review, we describe how high-resolution, live imaging tools, particularly intravital microscopy (IVM), are instrumental in answering these questions. IVM of pre-clinical cancer models enables short- and long-term observations of critical immunobiology and metastatic growth phenomena to potentially generate revolutionary insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics of brain metastasis, interactions of CIT with immune elements therein, and influence of chemo- and radiotherapy. We describe the utility of IVM to study brain metastasis in mice by tracking the migration and growth of fluorescently-labeled cells, including cancer cells and immune subsets, while monitoring the physical environment within optical windows using imaging dyes and other signal generation mechanisms to illuminate angiogenesis, hypoxia, and/or CIT drug expression within the metastatic niche. Our review summarizes the current knowledge regarding brain metastases and the immune milieu, presents the current status of CIT and its prospects in targeting brain metastases to circumvent therapeutic resistance, and proposes avenues to utilize IVM to study CIT drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models that will ultimately facilitate novel drug discovery and innovative combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Owyong
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | | | - Gizem Efe
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Alexander Honkala
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94306, USA
| | - Renske J E van den Bijgaart
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiotherapy and Oncoimmunology Laboratory, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 32, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vicki Plaks
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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Berton MP, de Oliveira Silva RM, Peripolli E, Stafuzza NB, Martin JF, Álvarez MS, Gavinã BV, Toro MA, Banchero G, Oliveira PS, Eler JP, Baldi F, Ferraz JBS. Genomic regions and pathways associated with gastrointestinal parasites resistance in Santa Inês breed adapted to tropical climate. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2017; 8:73. [PMID: 28878894 PMCID: PMC5584554 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-017-0190-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to estimate variance components and to identify genomic regions and pathways associated with resistance to gastrointestinal parasites, particularly Haemonchus contortus, in a breed of sheep adapted to tropical climate. Phenotypes evaluations were performed to verify resistance to gastrointestinal parasites, and were divided into two categories: i) farm phenotypes, assessing body condition score (BCS), degree of anemia assessed by the famacha chart (FAM), fur score (FS) and feces consistency (FC); and ii) lab phenotypes, comprising blood analyses for hematocrit (HCT), white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), platelets (PLT) and transformed (log10) egg per gram of feces (EPGlog). A total of 576 animals were genotyped with the Ovine SNP12k BeadChip (Illumina, Inc.), that contains 12,785 bialleleic SNP markers. The variance components were estimated using a single trait model by single step genomic BLUP procedure. Results The overall linkage disequilibrium (LD) mean between pairs of markers measured by r2 was 0.23. The overall LD mean between markers considering windows up to 10 Mb was 0.07. The mean LD between adjacent SNPs across autosomes ranged from 0.02 to 0.10. Heritability estimates were low for EPGlog (0.11), moderate for RBC (0.18), PLT (0.17) HCT (0.20), HGB (0.16) and WBC (0.22), and high for FAM (0.35). A total of 22, 21, 23, 20, 26, 25 and 23 windows for EPGlog for FAM, WBC, RBC, PLT, HCT and HGB traits were identified, respectively. Among the associated windows, 10 were shown to be common to HCT and HGB traits on OAR1, OAR2, OAR3, OAR5, OAR8 and OAR15. Conclusion The traits indicating gastrointestinal parasites resistance presented an adequate genetic variability to respond to selection in Santa Inês breed, and it is expected a higher genetic gain for FAM trait when compared to the others. The level of LD estimated for markers separated by less than 1 Mb indicated that the Ovine SNP12k BeadChip might be a suitable tool for identifying genomic regions associated with traits related to gastrointestinal parasite resistance. Several candidate genes related to immune system development and activation, inflammatory response, regulation of lymphocytes and leukocytes proliferation were found. These genes may help in the selection of animals with higher resistance to parasites. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40104-017-0190-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Piatto Berton
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/no, Jaboticabal, SP CEP 14884-900 Brazil
| | - Rafael Medeiros de Oliveira Silva
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/no, Jaboticabal, SP CEP 14884-900 Brazil
| | - Elisa Peripolli
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/no, Jaboticabal, SP CEP 14884-900 Brazil
| | - Nedenia Bonvino Stafuzza
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/no, Jaboticabal, SP CEP 14884-900 Brazil
| | - Jesús Fernández Martin
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria INIA, Crta. de la Coruña, km 7,5 -, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Saura Álvarez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria INIA, Crta. de la Coruña, km 7,5 -, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Villanueva Gavinã
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria INIA, Crta. de la Coruña, km 7,5 -, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Toro
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, School of Agricultural, Food and Byosystems Engineering, Universisdad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus Ciudad Universitaria Avda. Complutense 3 - Avda. Puerta Hierro, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Georgget Banchero
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuária (INIA), Ruta 50 Km. 12, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - Priscila Silva Oliveira
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Nucleo de Apoio à Pesquisa em Melhoramento Animal, Biotecnologia e Transgenia, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP CEP 13635-900 Brazil
| | - Joanir Pereira Eler
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Nucleo de Apoio à Pesquisa em Melhoramento Animal, Biotecnologia e Transgenia, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP CEP 13635-900 Brazil
| | - Fernando Baldi
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/no, Jaboticabal, SP CEP 14884-900 Brazil
| | - José Bento Sterman Ferraz
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Nucleo de Apoio à Pesquisa em Melhoramento Animal, Biotecnologia e Transgenia, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP CEP 13635-900 Brazil
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D'Errico G, Machado HL, Sainz B. A current perspective on cancer immune therapy: step-by-step approach to constructing the magic bullet. Clin Transl Med 2017; 6:3. [PMID: 28050779 PMCID: PMC5209322 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-016-0130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is the new trend in cancer treatment due to the selectivity, long lasting effects, and demonstrated improved overall survival and tolerance, when compared to patients treated with conventional chemotherapy. Despite these positive results, immunotherapy is still far from becoming the perfect magic bullet to fight cancer, largely due to the facts that immunotherapy is not effective in all patients nor in all cancer types. How and when will immunotherapy overcome these hurdles? In this review we take a step back to walk side by side with the pioneers of immunotherapy in order to understand what steps need to be taken today to make immunotherapy effective across all cancers. While early scientists, such as Coley, elicited an unselective but effective response against cancer, the search for selectivity pushed immunotherapy to the side in favor of drugs focused on targeting cancer cells. Fortunately, the modern era would revive the importance of the immune system in battling cancer by releasing the brakes or checkpoints (anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1) that have been holding the immune system at bay. However, there are still many hurdles to overcome before immunotherapy becomes a universal cancer therapy. For example, we discuss how the redundant and complex nature of the immune system can impede tumor elimination by teeter tottering between different polarization states: one eliciting anti-cancer effects while the other promoting cancer growth and invasion. In addition, we highlight the incapacity of the immune system to choose between a fight or repair action with respect to tumor growth. Finally we combine these concepts to present a new way to think about the immune system and immune tolerance, by introducing two new metaphors, the “push the accelerator” and “repair the car” metaphors, to explain the current limitations associated with cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele D'Errico
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Autónoma University of Madrid, Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Heather L Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, #8543, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Autónoma University of Madrid, Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain. .,Enfermedades Crónicas y Cáncer Area, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
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24
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Lu B, Zhang B, Wang L, Ma C, Liu X, Zhao Y, Jiao Y. Hepatitis B Virus e Antigen Regulates Monocyte Function and Promotes B Lymphocyte Activation. Viral Immunol 2016; 30:35-44. [PMID: 27976981 PMCID: PMC5220529 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2016.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) e (HBe) antigen is a nonstructural virus component with great immune regulation roles. It regulates adaptive immunity response and participates in persistent infection development. However, its roles on monocytes and B lymphocytes were rarely studied. Herein, we studied HBe roles on U937 and Hmy2.CIR by creating HBe stably transfected cells using lentivirus. We detected the motility of HBe-U937 through transwell migration assay. Cytokines that primarily produced by monocytes, including BAFF, B-cell activating factor (BAFF), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and A proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL), were measured in culture supernatants of transfected U937, and serum BAFF, IL-6, and IL-10 were detected in HBe-positive and HBe-negative HBV-infected patients. Among these, BAFF mRNA and membrane-bound BAFF were further detected. Activation and inhibition markers of B lymphocytes on HBe-Hmy2.CIR and proliferation of transfected Hmy2.CIR after coculture with transfected U937 were also detected. We found that U937 migration was inhibited by HBe. BAFF expression was increased in HBe-U937, however, membrane-bound BAFF on HBe-U937 was decreased. In addition, Serum BAFF in HBe-positive patients was higher than in HBe-negative patients. IL-6 and IL-10 were increased in HBe-U937 after being stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), however, serum IL-6 and IL-10 were not associated with HBe status in patients. Besides, TNF-α and APRIL expression were basically the same in GV166-U937 and HBe-U937. B lymphocyte activation markers CD86 and Tspan33 were raised in HBe-Hmy2.CIR. However, inhibition markers Lyn and CD32b had no differences between HBe-Hmy2.CIR and control. Proliferation of transfected Hmy2.CIR was not affected by coculture with transfected U937, however, HBe transfection itself enhanced Hmy2.CIR proliferation. Altogether, these revealed that HBe can inhibit U937 migration and promote cytokines, including BAFF, IL-6, and IL-10, production in U937. Besides, HBe enhances BAFF release from U937 and increases BAFF concentration in vivo. In addition, HBe antigen facilitates Hmy2.CIR activation and proliferation through direct induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingru Lu
- 1 Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingchang Zhang
- 2 Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Laicheng Wang
- 1 Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Ma
- 1 Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- 1 Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueran Zhao
- 1 Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulian Jiao
- 1 Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, People's Republic of China
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25
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Liu Y, Wang H, Hu X, Qu Z, Zhang H, Crew R, Ayana DA, Li M, Qiu J, Jiang Y. A higher frequency of IL-10-producing B cells in Hepatitis B virus-associated membranous nephropathy. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 43:417-27. [PMID: 26825579 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to elucidate the potential role of interleukin (IL)-10(+) regulatory B cells and other B cell subsets in the development of hepatitis B virus-associated membranous nephropathy (HBV-MN). A total of 14 patients with new onset HBV-MN, 12 individuals with immune-tolerant HBV infection (HBV-IT), and 12 healthy controls (HC) were examined for the percentages of CD38(+) , CD86(+) , CD27(+) , CD95(+) and IL-10(+) B cells by flow cytometry. Serum IL-10 concentration was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The percentages of CD38(+) CD19(+) , CD86(+) CD19(+) , CD38(+) CD86(+) CD19(+) , and CD95(+) CD19(+) B cells were significantly higher in HBV-MN patients than the HBV-IT and HC. The percentages of CD5(+) CD19(+) , IL-10(+) CD19(+) B cells and serum IL-10 level in HBV-MN patients were significantly higher than the HC, and lower than the HBV-IT. Percentages of CD38(+) CD19(+) , and CD86(+) CD19(+) B cells were reduced after treatment, while the percentages of CD5(+) CD1d(+) CD19(+) , CD5(+) CD1d(+) IL-10(+) CD19(+) , and IL-10(+) CD19(+) B cells were increased. The 24 h urinary protein concentration was positively correlated with the percentage of CD38(+) CD19(+) , and negatively correlated with the percentage of IL-10(+) CD19(+) B cells and serum IL-10 level. Similarly, the value of eGFR was negatively correlated with the percentage of CD38(+) CD19(+) , and positively correlated with the percentage of IL-10(+) CD19(+) B cells and serum IL-10 level. Serum IL-10 level and the percentage of IL-10(+) CD19(+) were negatively correlated with the percentages of CD38(+) CD19(+) , and CD86(+) CD19(+) B cells. These results suggest that CD86(+) CD19(+) , CD38(+) CD86(+) CD19(+) , CD95(+) CD19(+) , and especially CD38(+) CD19(+) and IL-10(+) CD19(+) cells may participate in the pathogenesis of HBV-MN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Genetic Diagnosis Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Genetic Diagnosis Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xintong Hu
- Genetic Diagnosis Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihui Qu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huimao Zhang
- Genetic Diagnosis Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rebecca Crew
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | | | - Man Li
- Genetic Diagnosis Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinpeng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanfang Jiang
- Genetic Diagnosis Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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26
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Poland M, Ten Klooster JP, Wang Z, Pieters R, Boekschoten M, Witkamp R, Meijerink J. Docosahexaenoyl serotonin, an endogenously formed n-3 fatty acid-serotonin conjugate has anti-inflammatory properties by attenuating IL-23-IL-17 signaling in macrophages. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1861:2020-2028. [PMID: 27663185 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Conjugates of fatty acids and amines, including endocannabinoids, are known to play important roles as endogenous signaling molecules. Among these, the ethanolamine conjugate of the n-3 poly unsaturated long chain fatty acid (PUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) (DHA) was shown to possess strong anti-inflammatory properties. Previously, we identified the serotonin conjugate of DHA, docosahexaenoyl serotonin (DHA-5-HT), in intestinal tissues and showed that its levels are markedly influenced by intake of n-3 PUFAs. However, its biological roles remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that DHA-5-HT possesses potent anti-inflammatory properties by attenuating the IL-23-IL-17 signaling cascade in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Transcriptome analysis revealed that DHA-5-HT down-regulates LPS-induced genes, particularly those involved in generating a CD4+ Th17 response. Hence, levels of PGE2, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-23, all pivotal macrophage-produced mediators driving the activation of pathogenic Th17 cells in a concerted way, were found to be significantly suppressed by concentrations as low as 100-500nM DHA-5-HT. Furthermore, DHA-5-HT inhibited the ability of RAW264.7 cells to migrate and downregulated chemokines like MCP-1, CCL-20, and gene-expression of CCL-22 and of several metalloproteinases. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) suggested negative overlap with gene sets linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and positive overlap with gene sets related to the Nrf2 pathway. The specific formation of DHA-5-HT in the gut, combined with increasing data underlining the importance of the IL-23-IL-17 signaling pathway in the etiology of many chronic inflammatory diseases merits further investigation into its potential as therapeutic compound in e.g. IBD or intestinal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Poland
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jean Paul Ten Klooster
- Institute for Life Sciences & Chemistry, Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Raymond Pieters
- Institute for Life Sciences & Chemistry, Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Mark Boekschoten
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Renger Witkamp
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jocelijn Meijerink
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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27
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França A, Pérez-Cabezas B, Correia A, Pier GB, Cerca N, Vilanova M. Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilm-Released Cells Induce a Prompt and More Marked In vivo Inflammatory-Type Response than Planktonic or Biofilm Cells. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1530. [PMID: 27729907 PMCID: PMC5037199 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation on indwelling medical devices is frequently associated with the development of chronic infections. Nevertheless, it has been suggested that cells released from these biofilms may induce severe acute infections with bacteraemia as one of its major associated clinical manifestations. However, how biofilm-released cells interact with the host remains unclear. Here, using a murine model of hematogenously disseminated infection, we characterized the interaction of cells released from S. epidermidis biofilms with the immune system. Gene expression analysis of mouse splenocytes suggested that biofilm-released cells might be particularly effective at activating inflammatory and antigen presenting cells and inducing cellular apoptosis. Furthermore, biofilm-released cells induced a higher production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, in contrast to mice infected with planktonic cells, even though these had a similar bacterial load in livers and spleens. Overall, these results not only provide insights into the understanding of the role of biofilm-released cells in S. epidermidis biofilm-related infections and pathogenesis, but may also help explain the relapsing character of these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela França
- Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal; Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do PortoPorto, Portugal
| | - Begoña Pérez-Cabezas
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Correia
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do PortoPorto, Portugal; Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade de PortoPorto, Portugal
| | - Gerald B Pier
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nuno Cerca
- Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho Braga, Portugal
| | - Manuel Vilanova
- Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do PortoPorto, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do PortoPorto, Portugal; Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade de PortoPorto, Portugal
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28
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Park EJ, Kim SN, Kang MS, Lee BS, Yoon C, Jeong U, Kim Y, Lee GH, Kim DW, Kim JS. A higher aspect ratio enhanced bioaccumulation and altered immune responses due to intravenously-injected aluminum oxide nanoparticles. J Immunotoxicol 2016; 13:439-48. [PMID: 27042761 DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2015.1122116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum oxide nanoparticles (AlO NP) have been widely utilized in a variety of areas, including in the optical, biomedical and electronic fields and in the overall development of nanotechnologies. However, their toxicological profiles are still not fully developed. This study compared the distribution and immunotoxicity of two rod-types of AlO NP. As reported previously, the two types of AlO NP had different aspect ratios (long-type: 6.2 ± 0.6, short-type: 2.1 ± 0.4), but the size and surface charge were very similar. On Day 14 after a single intravenous (IV) injection (1.25 or 5 mg/kg), both AlO NP accumulated primarily in the liver and spleen and altered the levels of redox response-related elements. The accumulated level was higher in mice exposed to the long-type AlO NP compared to the short-type. Additionally, it was noted that the levels of IL-1β, IL-8 and MCP-1 were enhanced in the blood of mice exposed to both types of AlO NP and the percentages of neutrophils and monocytes among all white blood cells were increased only in mice injected with the long-type AlO NP (5 mg/kg). In addition, as compared to the control, co-expression of CD80 and CD86 (necessary for antigen presentation) on splenocytes together with a decreased expression of chemotaxis-related marker (CD195) was attenuated by exposure to the AlO NP, especially the long-type. Taken together, the data suggest that accumulation following a single IV injection with rod-types of AlO NP is strengthened by a high aspect ratio and, subsequently, this accumulation has the potential to influence immune functions in an exposed host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Park
- a Myunggok Eye Research Institute, Konyang University , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Soo Nam Kim
- b Toxicologic Pathology Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Min-Sung Kang
- b Toxicologic Pathology Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Byoung-Seok Lee
- b Toxicologic Pathology Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Cheolho Yoon
- c Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute , Seoul , Korea
| | - Uiseok Jeong
- d Department of Chemical Engineering , Kwangwoon University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Younghun Kim
- d Department of Chemical Engineering , Kwangwoon University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Gwang-Hee Lee
- e School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- e School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Jong Sung Kim
- f Department of Community Health and Epidemiology , Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University , Halifax , NS , Canada
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29
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Tomiyama T, Yang GX, Zhao M, Zhang W, Tanaka H, Wang J, Leung PS, Okazaki K, He XS, Lu Q, Coppel RL, Bowlus CL, Gershwin ME. The modulation of co-stimulatory molecules by circulating exosomes in primary biliary cirrhosis. Cell Mol Immunol 2015; 14:276-284. [PMID: 26388238 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2015.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanoparticles of endocytic origin, secreted by a myriad of cell populations that are attracting increased attention by virtue of their ability to modulate cell-to-cell communications. They are also attracting attention in a variety of immunological issues, including autoimmunity and, in particular, their ability to regulate cytokine and chemokine activation. Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is considered a model autoimmune disease, which has a highly focused cytotoxic response against biliary epithelial cells. We have isolated exosomes from plasma from 29 patients with PBC and 30 healthy controls (HCs), and studied the effect of these exosomes on co-stimulatory molecule expression and cytokine production in mononuclear cell populations using an ex vivo system. We also identified the microRNA (miRNA) populations in PBC compared to HC exosomes. We report herein that although exosomes do not change cytokine production, they do significantly alter co-stimulatory molecule expression on antigen-presenting populations. Further, we demonstrated that CD86 up-regulated expression on CD14+ monocytes, whereas CD40 up-regulated on CD11c+ dendritic cells by exosomes from patients with PBC. In addition, there were differences of miRNA expression of circulating exosomes in patients with PBC. These data have significant importance based on observations that co-stimulatory molecules play a differential role in the regulation of T-cell activation. Our observation indicated that aberrant exosomes from PBC selectively induce expression of co-stimulatory molecules in different subset of antigen-presenting cells. These alterations may involve in pathogenesis of autoimmune liver disease.Cellular & Molecular Immunology advance online publication, 21 September 2015; doi:10.1038/cmi.2015.86.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tomiyama
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.,Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka 573-1191, Japan
| | - Guo-Xiang Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ming Zhao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Weici Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hajime Tanaka
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Jing Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Patrick Sc Leung
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kazuichi Okazaki
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka 573-1191, Japan
| | - Xiao-Song He
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ross L Coppel
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christopher L Bowlus
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Dendritic cells transfected with PD-L1 recombinant adenovirus induces T cell suppression and long-term acceptance of allograft transplantation. Cell Immunol 2011; 271:73-7. [PMID: 21855860 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2011.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess the potential of dendritic cells transfected with PD-L1 recombinant adenovirus induces CD8+ T cell suppression and kidney allograft tolerance. To prove it, DCs transfected with PD-L1 recombinant adenovirus (DC/Ad-PD-L1) were transferred into the MHC-mismatched rat kidney transplants. After kidney transplantation, the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay and kidney function were analyzed. The results demonstrated that after administration of DC/Ad-PD-L1, the proliferation, cytokines secretion and activation marker expression of CD8+ T cells were suppressed. In addition, DC/Ad-PD-L1 could improve kidney function and survival of transplants. The findings suggested that DC/Ad-PD-L1 could induce CD8+ T cell tolerance and lead to kidney allograft tolerance, which provided a promising finding for clinical application.
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Petković L, Arsenijević VA, Skvarc M, Kopitar A, Kotnik V, Simicic S, Wraber B, Matos T, Ihan A. Anticryptococcal cytotoxicity of murine nonadherent cells is perforin and nonperforin mediated. Mycologia 2010; 102:552-9. [PMID: 20524588 DOI: 10.3852/09-039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The encapsulated fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans is a significant agent of life-threatening infections, particularly in people with suppressed cell-mediated immunity. The cellular cytotoxicity against C. neoformans infection is mainly mediated by NK and T cells, but effector mechanisms are not well understood. The objective of this study was (i) to determine whether prior exposure to the cryptococcal antigens enhances anticryptococcal activity of cytotoxic cells in mice and (ii) the contribution of perforin- and nonperforin-mediated cytotoxicity of NK and T cells in growth inhibition of C. neoformans. Our data showed that in vitro exposure of nonadherent (NA) spleen mononuclear cells from nonimmunized mice to heat-killed C. neoformans strain Cap67 unencapsulated mutant of B3501 (Ag1) or its supernatant (Ag2) demonstrated higher anticryptococcal activity. This effector mechanism can be enhanced further after immunization with either Ag1 or Ag2. There is a synergistic effect of immunization and in vitro incubation of the NA cells with the same antigens. Concanamycin A (CMA) and strontium chloride (SrCl2) inhibition assays were performed to clarify the contribution of perforin- and nonperforin-mediated anticryptococcal cytotoxicity of NA cells in these events. Treatment with these inhibitors demonstrated that anticryptococcal cytotoxicity of nonprimed NA cells was primarily perforin mediated. Anticryptococcal activity of the NA cells obtained from immunized mice after in vitro incubation with cryptococcal antigens was both perforin and nonperforin mediated. Taken together these data demonstrate that in mice a nonperforin-mediated pathway of anticryptococcal cytotoxicity can be induced by immunization. Further research is needed to examine their potential role for human vaccines strategies and/or therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljubica Petković
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 1, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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A Novel Pseudovirus Containing Lewis X Oligosaccharides With pD-L1 Targeting to DCs Induces T Cells Tolerance. Transplantation 2009; 87:1305-7. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e3181a199ea] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zhang P, Lewis JP, Michalek SM, Katz J. Role of CD80 and CD86 in host immune responses to the recombinant hemagglutinin domain of Porphyromonas gingivalis gingipain and in the adjuvanticity of cholera toxin B and monophosphoryl lipid A. Vaccine 2007; 25:6201-10. [PMID: 17629367 PMCID: PMC2699271 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2007] [Revised: 05/26/2007] [Accepted: 05/31/2007] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The gingipains of Porphyromonas gingivalis have been implicated in the virulence of this bacterium, and antibodies to the hemagglutinin/adhesin domain (HArep) of the gingipains have been shown to protect against P. gingivalis colonization. However, the cellular mechanisms involved in host responses to HArep have not been elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to determine the functional role of CD80 and CD86 in mediating systemic and mucosal immune responses to the recombinant HArep derived from the gingipain Kgp (Kgp-HArep) after intranasal (i.n.) immunization. We also investigated the effect of the mucosal adjuvants the B subunit of cholera toxin (CTB) and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) on the functional role of the costimulatory molecules for the induction of systemic and mucosal responses to Kgp-HArep. The in vivo functional roles of CD80 and CD86 were assessed in C57BL/6 wild-type (wt), CD80(-/-), CD86(-/-) and CD80/CD86(-/-) mice following intranasal immunization with Kgp-HArep with or without adjuvant. Serum IgG and mucosal IgA antibody responses were induced following i.n. immunization of mice with Kgp-HArep, and were potentiated by CTB or MPL. A differential requirement of CD80and/or CD86 was observed for systemic IgG anti-Kgp-HArep responses following the primary and secondary immunization with antigen alone or antigen+adjuvant. Compared to wt and CD80(-/-) mice, CD86(-/-) mice had reduced serum IgG anti-Kgp-HArep responses following the second immunization with antigen alone or antigen+CTB, whereas similar levels of serum IgG anti-Kgp-HArep antibody activity were observed in wt, CD80(-/-) and CD86(-/-) mice immunized with antigen+MPL. Analysis of the serum IgG subclass responses revealed that CD80 influenced both Th1- and Th2-like IgG subclass responses, while CD86 preferentially influenced a Th2-associated IgG subclass response to Kgp-HArep. Mucosal IgA anti-Kgp-HArep responses in saliva and vaginal washes were diminished in CD86(-/-) mice. In vitro stimulation of murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells with Kgp-HArep, CTB and MPL resulted in an up-regulation of CD80 and especially CD86 expression. Taken together, our results demonstrate that CD80 and CD86 can play distinct as well as redundant roles in mediating a systemic immune response and that CD86 plays a unique role in mediating a mucosal response to Kgp-HArep following immunization via the i.n. route alone or with adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 845 19 Street South, BBRB258/5, Birmingham, AL 35294-2170, USA
| | - Janina P. Lewis
- Philips Institute of Oral & Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Suzanne M. Michalek
- Deparment of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jannet Katz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 845 19 Street South, BBRB258/5, Birmingham, AL 35294-2170, USA
- Corresponding author. Jannet Katz, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 845 19 Street South, BBRB258/5, Birmingham, AL, 35294-2170. Phone: (205) 934-2878; fax: (205) 934-1426. E-mail:
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Kronfeld K, Abken H, Seliger B. B7-1 and B7-2 act differentially in the induction of a T cell response: Their impact for a HLA-matched and HLA-mismatched anti-tumor immunotherapy. Int J Cancer 2005; 117:794-9. [PMID: 15981208 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.21230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of T cell-based immunotherapy is primarily due to efficient cellular activation that requires the engagement of 2 separate signals, i.e., via the T cell receptor complex and via co-stimulatory molecules the prototype of which is CD28. In cellular activation, the CD28 ligands B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86) are thought to play nearly identical roles in T cell activation. We monitored the T cell response upon co-culture with HLA Class I-matched and mismatched renal carcinoma cells, respectively, that express different levels of B7-1 and B7-2, respectively. In a HLA Class I-mismatched co-culture, T cell proliferation, IFN-gamma and GM-CSF secretion equally depend on the levels of B7-1 and B7-2 on tumor cells. In contrast, in a HLA Class I-matched situation, B7-2 is more effective in the induction of IFN-gamma and GM-CSF secretion than B7-1, but both B7 molecules induce T cell proliferation equally efficient. B7-2 is more effective than B7-1 in inducing TNF-alpha and IL-10 secretion in both HLA Class I-matched and mismatched situations. The distinct patterns of cytokine induction by B7-1 and B7-2 obviously depend on the HLA Class I compatibility. These conclusions have substantial implications for the development of B7-based vaccines used for immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kronfeld
- Coordination Center for Clinical Trials (KKS) Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Neves AR, Ensina LFC, Anselmo LB, Leite KRM, Buzaid AC, Câmara-Lopes LH, Barbuto JAM. Dendritic cells derived from metastatic cancer patients vaccinated with allogeneic dendritic cell-autologous tumor cell hybrids express more CD86 and induce higher levels of interferon-gamma in mixed lymphocyte reactions. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2005; 54:61-6. [PMID: 15693140 PMCID: PMC11034268 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-004-0550-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2004] [Accepted: 04/12/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly effective antigen-presenting cells that, when derived from cancer patients, seem to be functionally deficient. Herein, we show that vaccination with allogeneic DC-autologous tumor cell hybrids affects the phenotype and improves the function of monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs) from cancer patients. Mononuclear cells were isolated from patients' peripheral blood by density gradient centrifugation, and adherent cells were cultured in medium containing GM-CSF plus IL-4 and, after 5 days, TNF-alpha. After 2 more days, Mo-DCs were harvested and their CD80, CD86, and CD83 expression was assessed by flow cytometry. They were also used as stimulators in mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR), where IFN-gamma production was measured by ELISA. Mo-DCs from unvaccinated patients expressed significantly lower levels of CD86, and tended to express lower levels of CD83 than Mo-DCs from healthy donors. However, Mo-DCs generated after hybrid cell vaccination presented increased expression of the same markers and induced significantly higher levels of IFN-gamma in MLR. These results indicate that the use of allogeneic DC-based cancer vaccines induces recovery of DC function in metastatic cancer patients and, therefore, could precede the use of autologous DCs for vaccine preparation. Such an approach could be relevant and should be investigated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia R. Neves
- Departamento de Imunologia, ICB-USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe C. Ensina
- Departamento de Imunologia, ICB-USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Luciene B. Anselmo
- Departamento de Imunologia, ICB-USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Katia R. M. Leite
- Hospital Sirio-Libanês, R. Adma Jafet, 91, São Paulo, SP 01308-050 Brazil
| | - Antonio C. Buzaid
- Hospital Sirio-Libanês, R. Adma Jafet, 91, São Paulo, SP 01308-050 Brazil
| | | | - José Alexandre M. Barbuto
- Departamento de Imunologia, ICB-USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
- Hospital Sirio-Libanês, R. Adma Jafet, 91, São Paulo, SP 01308-050 Brazil
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Zhang P, Martin M, Yang QB, Michalek SM, Katz J. Role of B7 costimulatory molecules in immune responses and T-helper cell differentiation in response to recombinant HagB from Porphyromonas gingivalis. Infect Immun 2004; 72:637-44. [PMID: 14742503 PMCID: PMC321589 DOI: 10.1128/iai.72.2.637-644.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to antigen-specific signals mediated through the T-cell receptor, T cells also require antigen nonspecific costimulation for activation. The B7 family of molecules on antigen-presenting cells, which include B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86), play important roles in providing costimulatory signals required for development of antigen-specific immune responses. Hemagglutinin B (HagB) is a nonfimbrial adhesin of the periodontopathic microorganism Porphyromonas gingivalis and is thought to be involved in the attachment of the bacterium to host tissues. However, the immune mechanisms involved in responses to HagB and their roles in pathogenesis have yet to be elucidated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the role of B7 costimulatory molecules on T-helper-cell differentiation for the induction of immune responses to HagB. Mice deficient in either or both of the costimulatory molecules B7-1 and B7-2 were used to explore their role in immune responses to HagB after subcutaneous immunization. B7-1(-/-) mice had levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-HagB antibody activity in serum similar to those of wild-type mice, whereas lower serum IgG anti-HagB antibody responses were seen in B7-2(-/-) mice. Moreover, significantly lower numbers of IgG antibody-secreting cells and lower levels of CD4(+)-T-cell proliferation were observed in B7-2(-/-) mice compared to wild-type mice. No serum IgG response to HagB was detected in B7-1/B7-2(-/-) mice. Analysis of the subclass of the serum IgG responses and the cytokines induced in response to HagB revealed that B7-2(-/-) mice had significantly lower IgG1 and higher IgG2a anti-HagB antibody responses compared to wild-type mice. The B7-2(-/-) mice also had significantly reduced levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-5 and enhanced level of gamma interferon. Furthermore, assessment of B7-1 and B7-2 expression on B cells and macrophages derived from wild-type BALB/c mice after in vitro stimulation with HagB revealed a predominant upregulation in the expression of the B7-2 costimulatory molecule on B cells and macrophages. Essentially no change was seen in the expression of B7-1. Taken together, these results suggest a critical role for B7, especially B7-2, for the preferential induction of a Th2-like response to HagB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
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Vasilevko V, Ghochikyan A, Sadzikava N, Petrushina I, Tran M, Cohen EP, Kesslak PJ, Cribbs DH, Nicolson GL, Agadjanyan MG. Immunization with a vaccine that combines the expression of MUC1 and B7 co-stimulatory molecules prolongs the survival of mice and delays the appearance of mouse mammary tumors. Clin Exp Metastasis 2003; 20:489-98. [PMID: 14598882 DOI: 10.1023/a:1025802610724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human epithelial mucin (MUC1) is expressed by many carcinomas, including breast cancer cells. This breast cancer-associated antigen has been widely used for immunotherapy, despite the fact that cellular immune responses to MUC1 are impaired in breast cancer patients and MUC1 transgenic animals. Previously, we found that immunogenicity to MUC1 was also impaired in BALB/c mice injected with a mammary tumor cell line (410.4) expressing human MUC1. We suggested that one reason for its weak immunogenicity was the lack of expression of B7 molecules by 410.4 cells. Recognition of antigenic epitopes in conjunction with MHCI/II by the T-cell receptor without co-stimulation by B7/CD28 association resulted in T-cell anergy. Therefore, we attempted to enhance protective anti-MUC1-specific immunity in mice using B7 co-stimulatory molecules as a component of the MUC1 vaccine. We also compared cell-based with DNA-based vaccination strategies. One group of mice was vaccinated with an irradiated, 410.4 syngeneic mammary tumor cell line co-expressing human MUC1 and CD80 or CD86 co-stimulatory molecules, and a second group of mice was vaccinated with plasmids encoding MUC1 and CD80 or CD86. These mice along with appropriate controls were challenged with mammary tumor cell line 4T1, which expresses MUC1. There were significant inhibition on rates of tumor growth and survival in mice vaccinated with irradiated 410.4/MUC1 cells co-expressing either CD80 or CD86 molecules, compared to non-vaccinated animals. In addition, there were also significant delays in the appearance of measurable tumors and their growth in mice vaccinated by gene-gun immunization with plasmids encoding MUC1 and CD80 or CD86.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Vasilevko
- Department of Molecular Immunology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, California 92649-1041, USA
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Satoh S, Suzuki A, Asari Y, Sato M, Kojima N, Sato T, Tsuchiya N, Sato K, Senoo H, Kato T. Glomerular endothelium exhibits enhanced expression of costimulatory adhesion molecules, CD80 and CD86, by warm ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. J Transl Med 2002; 82:1209-17. [PMID: 12218082 DOI: 10.1097/01.lab.0000029620.13097.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggested that the vascular endothelial cells function as a resident antigen-presenting cell (APC) in certain situations such as organ transplantation, and the ischemia/reperfusion injury, an inevitable event in organ transplantation, leads to an enhanced biosynthesis of cell adhesion molecules. We have demonstrated that the hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells have potential ability as APCs by expressing the costimulatory adhesion molecule proteins, CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2), of which expression was enhanced by warm ischemia/reperfusion of the rat liver. In this study, we assessed the localization of CD80, CD86, and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in the rat kidneys and the influence of warm ischemia/reperfusion with or without a hypercreatinemic condition on the expression of these adhesion molecules in the renal tissues. Wistar male rats weighing 150 to 230 g were divided into group A, receiving a sham-operation (control), group B, receiving 1-hour clamping of the left renal pedicle (temporary ischemia), and group C, receiving right nephrectomy and 1-hour clamping of the left renal pedicle (temporary ischemia with hypercreatinemia). The left kidneys were submitted to immunohistochemical and molecular analyses sequentially for the period of 14 days. We found that CD80, CD86, and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 proteins localized on the glomerular and peritubular endothelium and were up-regulated after ischemia/reperfusion. The up-regulation of these three proteins was enhanced by the hypercreatinemic condition. The relative mRNA levels analyzed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that CD80 and CD86 expressions were constitutively observed and significantly increased for 14 days after the warm ischemia reperfusion with a peak level at Day 3 (6.7- and 20.8-fold increase for CD80 and CD86, respectively). Our results suggested that the glomerular endothelial cells will play a pivotal role as a APC by expressing CD80 and CD86 in the induction of renal tissue injury associated with the ischemia/reperfusion at renal transplantation surgery, as well as the peritubular endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Satoh
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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