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Amini MR, Khademi Z, Salavatizadeh M, Rasaei N, Ebrahimi-Daryani N, Esmaillzadeh A, Hekmatdoost A. The association between dietary patterns and disease severity in patients with ulcerative colitis. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1803-1812. [PMID: 38305021 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving the colon and rectum. One of the most modifiable environmental factors affecting UC severity is the patient's dietary pattern. Although the role of dietary patterns on UC aetiology has been investigated previously, its relationship with disease severity has not yet been elucidated. This study examined the association between UC patients' dietary patterns and disease severity. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 340 UC patients. Using an FFQ, food patterns were assessed. Twenty-five food categories were categorised based on the similarity of the nutrient composition of the food using the factor analysis method. A simple clinical colitis activity index was used to determine disease severity. Three dietary patterns were identified based on the factor analysis: healthy, unhealthy and Western dietary pattern. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, patients who were in the highest tertile of healthy dietary pattern compared with the lowest tertile were 92 % less likely to have severe UC (OR: 0·08; 95 % CI: 0·03, 0·22). Also, those in the highest tertile of the Western dietary pattern were 3·86 times more likely to have severe UC than those in the lowest tertile (OR: 3·86; 95 % CI: 1·86, 8·00). Even after controlling for confounding variables, unhealthy dietary pattern did not increase the risk of severe UC. Our data indicate the beneficial role of healthy dietary pattern in amelioration of disease severity in UC patients. To confirm this association, more studies are needed, especially prospective cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Amini
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Khademi
- Department of Public Health, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Marieh Salavatizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Rasaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasser Ebrahimi-Daryani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular - Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Dalrymple KV, Vogel C, Godfrey KM, Baird J, Hanson MA, Cooper C, Inskip HM, Crozier SR. Evaluation and interpretation of latent class modelling strategies to characterise dietary trajectories across early life: a longitudinal study from the Southampton Women's Survey. Br J Nutr 2023; 129:1945-1954. [PMID: 35968701 PMCID: PMC10167664 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452200263x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in modelling longitudinal dietary data and classifying individuals into subgroups (latent classes) who follow similar trajectories over time. These trajectories could identify population groups and time points amenable to dietary interventions. This paper aimed to provide a comparison and overview of two latent class methods: group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM) and growth mixture modelling (GMM). Data from 2963 mother-child dyads from the longitudinal Southampton Women's Survey were analysed. Continuous diet quality indices (DQI) were derived using principal component analysis from interviewer-administered FFQ collected in mothers pre-pregnancy, at 11- and 34-week gestation, and in offspring at 6 and 12 months and 3, 6-7 and 8-9 years. A forward modelling approach from 1 to 6 classes was used to identify the optimal number of DQI latent classes. Models were assessed using the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria, probability of class assignment, ratio of the odds of correct classification, group membership and entropy. Both methods suggested that five classes were optimal, with a strong correlation (Spearman's = 0·98) between class assignment for the two methods. The dietary trajectories were categorised as stable with horizontal lines and were defined as poor (GMM = 4 % and GBTM = 5 %), poor-medium (23 %, 23 %), medium (39 %, 39 %), medium-better (27 %, 28 %) and best (7 %, 6 %). Both GBTM and GMM are suitable for identifying dietary trajectories. GBTM is recommended as it is computationally less intensive, but results could be confirmed using GMM. The stability of the diet quality trajectories from pre-pregnancy underlines the importance of promotion of dietary improvements from preconception onwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn V. Dalrymple
- School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Christina Vogel
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Innovation Centre, 2 Venture Road, Chilworth, Southampton, SO16 7NP, UK
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Janis Baird
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Innovation Centre, 2 Venture Road, Chilworth, Southampton, SO16 7NP, UK
| | - Mark A. Hanson
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hazel M. Inskip
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Sarah R. Crozier
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Innovation Centre, 2 Venture Road, Chilworth, Southampton, SO16 7NP, UK
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Dalrymple KV, Vogel C, Flynn AC, Seed PT, Godfrey KM, Poston L, Inskip HM, Crozier SR. Longitudinal dietary trajectories from pregnancy to 3 years post delivery in women with obesity: relationships with adiposity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:1159-1169. [PMID: 36876599 PMCID: PMC10947498 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aim was to examine the relationships between longitudinal dietary trajectories from early pregnancy to 3 years post delivery and adiposity measures in women with obesity. METHODS The diets of 1208 women with obesity in the UPBEAT (UK Pregnancy Better Eating and Activity Trial) study were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at 15+0 to 18+6 weeks' gestation (baseline), 27+0 to 28+6 weeks' gestation, and 34+0 to 36+0 weeks' gestation, as well as 6 months and 3 years post delivery. Using factor analysis of the baseline FFQ data, four dietary patterns were identified: fruit & vegetable, African/Caribbean, processed, and snacking. The baseline scoring system was applied to the FFQ data at the four subsequent time points. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to extract longitudinal dietary pattern trajectories. Using adjusted regression, associations between dietary trajectories and log-transformed/standardized adiposity measures (BMI and waist and mid-upper arm circumferences) at 3 years post delivery were examined. RESULTS Two trajectories were found to best describe the data for the four individual dietary patterns; these were characterized as high and low adherence. A high adherence to the processed pattern was associated with a higher BMI (β = 0.38 [95% CI: 0.06-0.69]) and higher waist (β = 0.35 [0.03-0.67]) and mid-upper arm circumferences (β = 0.36 [0.04-0.67]) at 3 years post delivery. CONCLUSIONS In women with obesity, a processed dietary pattern across pregnancy and 3 years post delivery is associated with higher adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn V. Dalrymple
- Department of Women and Children's HealthSchool of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College LondonLondonUK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Christina Vogel
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration WessexSouthampton Science ParkSouthamptonUK
| | - Angela C. Flynn
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Paul T. Seed
- Department of Women and Children's HealthSchool of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | - Lucilla Poston
- Department of Women and Children's HealthSchool of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Hazel M. Inskip
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | - Sarah R. Crozier
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration WessexSouthampton Science ParkSouthamptonUK
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Park S, Chung S, Kim SA, Shin S. The "fruit and whole-grain" pattern is associated with a low prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia among middle and older-aged Korean adults: Using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2018 data. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:1201-1211. [PMID: 36911844 PMCID: PMC10002937 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertriglyceridemia is a well-known risk factor of various chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to determine dietary patterns and explore the relationship between dietary patterns and hypertriglyceridemia in the Korean adult population. We utilized a cross-sectional and nationally representative survey, the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2018 database. From 47,217 subjects who participated in the survey between 2013 and 2018, only subjects over 40 years old were included. Subjects lacking 24-h recall data and data on hypertriglyceridemia and body mass index, and who had implausible energy intake were excluded. A total of 19,806 participants' data were analyzed. Dietary data were based on 24-h recall data, and dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis. Triglyceride levels greater than 200 mg/dl were considered hypertriglyceridemia, according to the Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis. Three dietary patterns- "oil and fats & seasoning", "soybean paste and vegetable", and "fruit and whole-grain"- explained 7.9%, 6.3%, and 5.8% of variation in food intake, respectively. Comparing the lowest and highest dietary pattern score groups after adjusting for potential confounders revealed an inverse relationship between "fruit and whole-grain" dietary pattern and hypertriglyceridemia in men (odds ratio [OR]: 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45-0.82, p for trend <.0001); which was only marginal in women (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.58-1.07, p for trend: .628). A diet containing high proportions of fruit and whole-grain may have preventive effects on hypertriglyceridemia in middle and older aged Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- SoHyun Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition Chung-Ang University Gyeonggi-do Korea
| | - Sangwon Chung
- Personalized Diet Research Group Korea Food Research Institute Jeollabuk-do Korea
| | - Seong-Ah Kim
- Department of Urban Society Research The Seoul Institute Seoul Korea
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition Chung-Ang University Gyeonggi-do Korea
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Fu J, Shin S. Dietary patterns and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adults: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e065198. [PMID: 36609321 PMCID: PMC9827268 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dietary patterns can holistically provide insights into the association of food groups and nutrients with the disease. Several studies have evaluated the association of dietary patterns with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Western populations. However, few studies focused on this topic were conducted on Korean adults. Therefore, in this cohort study, we aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and the risk of NAFLD among middle-aged Koreans. DESIGN The survey was performed at general hospitals and health examination centres in Korea. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. The dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis. The HR and 95% CI for NAFLD for each of the quartiles of the three dietary patterns were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model. SETTING South Korean Community. PARTICIPANTS 44 460 healthy Koreans (aged 40-69 years) who completed a follow-up survey from 2012 to 2016 in the Health Examinees study were included. RESULTS Men and women following a prudent pattern showed a 22% and 36% lower NAFLD risk, respectively (men: HR=0.78; women: HR=0.64). Men and women who highly adhered to the flour-based food and meat pattern had a 29% and 55% higher NAFLD risk, respectively (men: HR=1.29; women: HR=1.55). CONCLUSION The prudent pattern induced a lower NAFLD risk, whereas the flour-based food and meat pattern induced a higher NAFLD risk. No significant difference was found between the white rice pattern and NAFLD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Fu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung Ang Universit, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung Ang Universit, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Different statistical methods identify similar population-specific dietary patterns: an analysis of Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Br J Nutr 2022; 128:2249-2257. [PMID: 35086581 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522000253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, different data-driven approaches have emerged to identify dietary patterns (DP) and little is discussed about how these methods are able to capture diet complexity within the same population. This study aimed to apply three statistical methods to identify the DP of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) population and evaluate the similarities and differences between them. Dietary data were assessed at baseline in the ELSA-Brasil study using a FFQ. DP were identified by applying three statistical methods: (1) factor analysis (FA), (2) treelet transform (TT) and (3) reduced rank regression (RRR). The characteristics of individuals classified in the last tertile of each DP were compared. Cross-classification and Pearson's correlation coefficients were assessed to evaluate the agreement between individuals' adherence to DP of the three methods. A similar convenience DP was identified for all three methods. FA and TT also identified a similar prudent DP and a DP highly loaded for the food groups rice and beans. Individuals classified in the third tertile of similar DP of each method presented similar socio-demographic and nutrient intake characteristics. Regarding the cross-classification, prudent DP from FA and TT presented a higher level of agreement (75 %), while convenience DP from TT and RRR presented the lowest agreement (44·8 %). The different statistical methods were able to capture the populations' DP in a similar way while highlighting the particularities of each method.
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de Carvalho RBN, Louzada MLDC, Rauber F, Levy RB. Characteristics associated with dietary patterns in Brazilian children under two years of age. Rev Saude Publica 2022; 56:118. [PMID: 36629709 PMCID: PMC9749735 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056003757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the dietary patterns of Brazilian children under two years of age and assess their association with sociodemographic characteristics and health service use. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with data from the 2013 National Health Survey (PNS). Patterns were found for two age groups by principal component analysis and their correlation with characteristics of interest was tested by linear regression models. RESULTS We found two dietary patterns for our groups. The first consisted of the consumption of fresh or minimally processed foods and the second, of ultra-processed foods. The greater adherence of children between six and 11 months to the first pattern was associated with higher per capita family income and urban residences in the most developed regions of Brazil. At 12 months or more, adherence related to white race/color, higher per capita family incomes, residence in more developed regions, and visits to private childcare. Adherence to the second pattern among children under one year of age was inversely associated with Yellow or Indigenous race/color, residence in the Brazilian Northeast, and childcare in specialized public or private services. At 12 months or more, greater adherence was directly associated with Black or Brown children who resided in more developed regions, and inversely associated with those living in the Brazilian Northeast. CONCLUSION We found two opposite dietary patterns in Brazilian children under two years of age and that several social determinants modify their chance of adhering to these patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumão Batista Nunes de Carvalho
- Universidade Federal do PiauíFaculdade de EnfermagemPicosPIBrasilUniversidade Federal do Piauí. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Picos, PI, Brasil
| | - Maria Laura da Costa Louzada
- Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de Saúde PúblicaNúcleo de Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Nutrição e SaúdeSão PauloSPBrasil Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública. Núcleo de Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Nutrição e Saúde. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Rauber
- Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de Saúde PúblicaNúcleo de Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Nutrição e SaúdeSão PauloSPBrasil Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública. Núcleo de Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Nutrição e Saúde. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Renata Bertazzi Levy
- Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de MedicinaDepartamento de Medicina PreventivaSão PauloSPBrasil Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Kim Y, Kim YM, Shin MH, Koh SB, Chang Kim H, Kim MK. Empirically identified dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome risk in a prospective cohort study: the Cardiovascular Disease Association Study. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2156-2162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Dalrymple KV, Vogel C, Godfrey KM, Baird J, Harvey NC, Hanson MA, Cooper C, Inskip HM, Crozier SR. Longitudinal dietary trajectories from preconception to mid-childhood in women and children in the Southampton Women's Survey and their relation to offspring adiposity: a group-based trajectory modelling approach. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:758-766. [PMID: 34916617 PMCID: PMC8960403 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-01047-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rates of childhood obesity are increasing globally, with poor dietary quality an important contributory factor. Evaluation of longitudinal diet quality across early life could identify timepoints and subgroups for nutritional interventions as part of effective public health strategies. OBJECTIVE This research aimed to: (1) define latent classes of mother-offspring diet quality trajectories from pre-pregnancy to child age 8-9 years, (2) identify early life factors associated with these trajectories, and (3) describe the association between the trajectories and childhood adiposity outcomes. DESIGN Dietary data from 2963 UK Southampton Women's Survey mother-offspring dyads were analysed using group-based trajectory modelling of a diet quality index (DQI). Maternal diet was assessed pre-pregnancy and at 11- and 34-weeks' gestation, and offspring diet at ages 6 and 12 months, 3, 6-7- and 8-9-years using interviewer-administered food frequency questionnaires. At each timepoint, a standardised DQI was derived using principal component analysis. Adiposity age 8-9 years was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and BMI z-scores. RESULTS A five-trajectory group model was identified as optimal. The diet quality trajectories were characterised as stable, horizontal lines and were categorised as poor (n = 142), poor-medium (n = 667), medium (n = 1146), medium-better (n = 818) and best (n = 163). A poorer dietary trajectory was associated with higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, smoking, multiparity, lower maternal age and lower educational attainment. Using linear regression adjusted for confounders, a 1-category decrease in the dietary trajectory was associated with higher DXA percentage body fat (0.08 SD (95% confidence interval 0.01, 0.15) and BMI z-score (0.08 SD (0.00, 0.16) in the 1216 children followed up at age 8-9 years. CONCLUSION Mother-offspring dietary trajectories are stable across early life, with poorer diet quality associated with maternal socio-demographic and other factors and childhood adiposity. The preconception period may be an important window to promote positive maternal dietary changes in order to improve childhood outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn V Dalrymple
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christina Vogel
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Innovation Centre, 2 Venture Road, Chilworth, Southampton, SO16 7NP, UK
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Janis Baird
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Innovation Centre, 2 Venture Road, Chilworth, Southampton, SO16 7NP, UK
| | - Nicholas C Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Mark A Hanson
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hazel M Inskip
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Sarah R Crozier
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Innovation Centre, 2 Venture Road, Chilworth, Southampton, SO16 7NP, UK.
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Dietary Patterns and Their Association with Sociodemographic and Lifestyle Factors in Filipino Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040886. [PMID: 35215536 PMCID: PMC8876325 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have investigated dietary patterns to assess the overall dietary habits of specific populations. However, limited epidemiological research has been conducted to explore the unique dietary intakes in low and middle-income countries. This study aims to examine the dietary patterns of Filipino adults and their association with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. A total of 10,025 adults (≥20 years old) who participated in the 2013 Philippine National Nutrition Survey were included in the analysis. Dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis of 18 food groups from the dietary survey component. Six dietary patterns were identified, namely (1) rice; (2) cereal, milk, sugar, and oil; (3) fruits and miscellaneous food; (4) fish; (5) vegetables and corn; and (6) meat and beverage. Generalized ordered logistic regression analysis indicated that the dietary patterns were associated with different factors, specifically sex, age, educational attainment, marital status, employment status, household size, wealth quintile, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. Our findings showed distinct dietary patterns among Filipino adults that were influenced by various sociodemographic and lifestyle parameters. The results of this study have valuable public health implications and the dietary patterns generated can further be used to analyze the link between diet and health outcomes.
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Hemmati A, Ghoreishy SM, Karami K, Imani H, Farsani GM, Mousavi SE, Asoudeh F, Shariati-Bafghi SE, Karamati M. The association between dietary patterns and depression in adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 46:271-275. [PMID: 34857208 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE So far, few studies have examined the relationship between dietary patterns and depression in adolescents. The aim of the present study was to determine this relationship in a sample of adolescent Iranian girls. MATERIALS AND METHODS 347 female high school students aged 14-17 years living in Shiraz, Iran participated in this cross-sectional study. General and physical activity questionnaires, 3-d dietary recalls, and Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II) were completed for all individuals and their anthropometric characteristics were measured. The major dietary patterns were then identified using principal component factor analysis. FINDINGS In total, 2 major dietary patterns were identified. After adjusting for potential confounders in multivariate linear regression analysis, the Western pattern (characterized by high consumption of French fries, hydrogenated fats, mayonnaise, sweets and desserts, high-fat dairy, refined grains, red or processed meats, pickles, organ meats and soft drinks and low consumption of low-fat dairy) was positively (standardized β coefficient: 0.510, P < 0.001) and the healthy pattern (characterized by high intake of vegetables, legumes, boiled potatoes, poultry, fish, vegetable oils, olives, fruits and fruit juices and low-fat dairy and low intake of refined grains) was inversely associated (standardized β coefficient: -0.508, P < 0.001) with BDI-II score. CONCLUSION Overall, findings of this study indicate that certain dietary patterns are associated with depression in adolescent Iranian girls. However, more studies are needed to further confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Hemmati
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Ghoreishy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keianoush Karami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Imani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Mohammadi Farsani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ebrahimi Mousavi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Asoudeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Karamati
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Samadi M, Khosravy T, Azadbakht L, Rezaei M, Mosafaghadir M, Kamari N, Bagheri A, Pasdar Y, Najafi F, Hamze B, Soleimani D. Major dietary patterns in relation to muscle strength status among middle-aged people: A cross-sectional study within the RaNCD cohort. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:6672-6682. [PMID: 34925797 PMCID: PMC8645754 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Grip strength in midlife can predict physical disability in senior years. Recent evidence shows the critical role of nutritional status on muscle function. We aimed to elucidate whether adherence to a particular dietary pattern would be associated with abnormal muscle strength among middle-aged people. In this cross-sectional study, a semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to assess the dietary intake of 2781 participants in the Ravansar Non-Communicable Chronic Disease (RaNCD) cohort. Major dietary patterns from 28 main food groups were extracted using principal component analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the association between the tertiles of the major dietary patterns and muscle strength status. Two major dietary patterns were identified: the "mixed dietary pattern" that heavily loaded with fruits, vegetables, nuts, dairies, sweets, legumes, dried fruits, fish, red meat, butter, whole grains, natural juices, poultry, pickles, olive, industrial juice, egg, processed meat, and snacks and "unhealthy dietary pattern" that heavily loaded by fats, sugar, refined grains, soft drink, salt, organ meat, tea, and coffee. Adherence to the mixed dietary pattern (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.8-1.33, P for trend = 0.77) and the unhealthy dietary pattern (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.79-0.13, P for trend = 0.89) did not associate with abnormal muscle strength. This study suggests that the dietary pattern involving the consumption of healthy and unhealthy food does not have an effect on muscle strength in middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehnoosh Samadi
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Department of Nutritional SciencesResearch Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)Health InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Tina Khosravy
- Department of Health and NutritionLorestan University of Medical ScienceLorestanIran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community NutritionSchool of Nutritional Sciences and DieteticsTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mansour Rezaei
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology DepartmentSchool of Public HealthKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Mohammad Mosafaghadir
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Negin Kamari
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Amir Bagheri
- Department of Nutritional SciencesResearch Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)Health InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Department of EpidemiologyResearch Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)Health instituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Behrouz Hamze
- Department of Public HealthKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Davood Soleimani
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Research Center of Oils and FatsKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
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13
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Lei YY, Ho SC, Kwok C, Cheng A, Cheung KL, Lee R, Mo FKF, Yeo W. Association of high adherence to vegetables and fruits dietary pattern with quality of life among Chinese women with early-stage breast cancer. Qual Life Res 2021; 31:1371-1384. [PMID: 34532834 PMCID: PMC9023405 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-02985-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Dietary intake and patients’ quality of life (QoL) are important supportive care issues in breast cancer survivorship. This study aimed to identify dietary pattern before and after breast cancer diagnosis. In addition, the association between dietary patterns and QoL were cross-sectionally and longitudinally investigated. Methods A breast cancer cohort which included 1462 Chinese women were longitudinally interviewed at four time-points, namely baseline, 18-, 36-, and 60 months after diagnosis. At each follow-up, validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) were used to assess patients’ dietary intake, and factor analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) were used to measure QoL at each follow-up. This study included 1368, 1226, 1079 and 1095 patients with invasive disease who completed assessment at baseline, 18-, 36- and 60-month follow-up and had detailed data of dietary intake and QoL. Results Based on data obtained at 18-month follow-up, two major dietary patterns were identified: “grain and animal food pattern” and “vegetables and fruits pattern”. Similar dietary patterns were obtained at baseline, 36- and 60- month follow-up. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) were used to analyze the longitudinal associations between dietary patterns and QoL over the four follow-ups. High intake of grain and animal food was inversely associated with scores for role functioning (B = − 0.744; 95%CI − 0.147 to − 0.017), dyspnea (B = − 0.092; 95%CI − 0.092 to − 0.092) and constipation (B = − 1.355; 95%CI − 2.174 to − 0.536). Vegetables and fruits intake were positively associated with scores for global health status/QoL (B = 1.282; 95%CI 0.545–2.019), physical functioning (B = 0.545; 95%CI: 0.037–1.053), emotional functioning (B = 1.426; 95%CI 0.653–2.200) and cognitive functioning (B = 0.822; 95%CI 0.007–1.637), while inversely associated with scores for nausea and vomiting (B = − 0.382; 95%CI − 0.694 to − 0.071), dyspnea (B = − 0.570; 95%CI − 0.570 to − 0.570), insomnia (B = − 1.412; 95%CI − 2.647 to − 0.177), loss of appetite (B = − 0.722; 95%CI − 1.311 to − 0.132), constipation (B = − 2.028; 95%CI − 2.775 to − 1.281) and diarrhea (B = − 0.929; 95%CI − 1.481 to − 0.377). Conclusion This study suggested that high adherence to “grain and animal food pattern” or “vegetables and fruits pattern” was significantly associated with several aspects of QoL. For instance, vegetables and fruits pattern appears to have beneficial effect on global health status/QoL among Chinese breast cancer patients. Prospective follow-up data could further confirm whether a specific dietary pattern has impact on cancer outcomes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11136-021-02985-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Lei
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Suzanne C Ho
- Division of Epidemiology, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Carol Kwok
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ashley Cheng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka Li Cheung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Roselle Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Frankie K F Mo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China, Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Cancer Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Winnie Yeo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China, Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Cancer Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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14
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Shariati-Bafghi SE, Rashidkhani B, Salehi Fadardi J, Safarian M, Edalatian J, Ranjbar G, Nematy M. Dietary patterns and health-related quality of life among Iranian adolescents. Qual Life Res 2021; 31:789-802. [PMID: 34426896 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-02942-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examining the associations of a-posteriori-defined dietary patterns and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among Iranian adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 900 apparently healthy students (mean age 15.33 years; 53.0% female) during 2020-21. The validated Persian version of self-report Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ Version 4.0 Generic Core Scales (PedsQL) for healthy adolescents was used in an online survey to assess HRQOL. Total, physical health, psychosocial health, emotional functioning, social functioning, and school functioning PedsQL scores were calculated, and impaired HRQOL was defined as > 1 standard deviation below the total population sample mean PedsQL scores. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intakes during telephone interviews. Daily intakes of 20 predefined food groups were calculated and submitted to the principal component factor analysis to identify a-posteriori-defined dietary patterns. RESULTS Three major dietary patterns labeled as Mediterranean, mixed, and unhealthy were identified, of which only the Mediterranean pattern characterized by high intakes of vegetables, fruits, olives, potatoes, eggs, nuts and legumes, pickles, low-fat dairy, fish, poultry, and vegetable oils was consistently associated with HRQOL. Controlling for covariates in the multivariable-adjusted binary logistic regression analysis, participants in the top tertile of Mediterranean pattern score were less likely to have impaired HRQOL than those in the bottom tertile (total: OR 0.25; physical health: OR 0.35; psychosocial health: OR 0.15; emotional functioning: OR 0.17; social functioning: OR 0.15; and school functioning: OR 0.18; all P < 0.010). CONCLUSION Current findings indicate that an a-posteriori-defined Mediterranean-style dietary pattern is associated with better HRQOL among healthy Iranian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bahram Rashidkhani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Salehi Fadardi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences & Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Safarian
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Edalatian
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Golnaz Ranjbar
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Nematy
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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15
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Lei Y, Ho SC, Kwok C, Cheng AC, Cheung KL, Lee R, Yeo W. Dietary Pattern at 18-Month Post-Diagnosis and Outcomes of Breast Cancer Among Chinese Women with Early-Stage Breast Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:4553-4565. [PMID: 34135632 PMCID: PMC8197438 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s298619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence of the association between dietary pattern and outcomes of breast cancer was limited in Asian women, including Chinese. Patients and Methods A prospective cohort study was initiated among Chinese breast cancer patients to investigate lifestyle habits and outcomes of breast cancer. At each follow-up, validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) were used to assess patients’ dietary intake. This study included 1226 patients with invasive early-stage breast cancer with detailed data at 18-month follow-up after cancer diagnosis. Factor analysis was used to derive dietary patterns, whereby two dietary patterns were identified. Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate associations between dietary patterns and time to outcome, including breast cancer recurrence, overall mortality and breast cancer-specific mortality. Results With a median follow-up time of 54.1 months, 165 patients had breast cancer recurrence and 98 deaths occurred. Two dietary patterns were identified: “Western dietary pattern” characterized by high intake of refined grains and cakes, red and processed meat and oil; “healthy dietary pattern” characterized by high consumption of vegetables and fruits. Participants in the highest tertile of “Western dietary pattern” did not have a higher risk of breast cancer recurrence (Ptrend = 0.89), overall mortality (Ptrend = 0.48) and breast cancer-specific mortality (Ptrend = 0.75). Similarly, a null association existed between “healthy dietary pattern” and outcomes of breast cancer. Conclusion Neither dietary pattern was associated with risk of breast cancer recurrence, all-causes death or death from breast cancer. Prospective follow-up is still needed to further confirm the association between specific dietary pattern and outcomes of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Lei
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Suzanne C Ho
- Division of Epidemiology, the Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Carol Kwok
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ashley C Cheng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ka Li Cheung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Roselle Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Winnie Yeo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.,Hong Kong Cancer Institute, State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
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16
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de Carvalho RBN, Rauber F, Claro RM, Levy RB. Risk and protective behaviors for chronic non-communicable diseases among Brazilian adults. Public Health 2021; 195:7-14. [PMID: 34022664 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze behavioral patterns of protective and risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adults and to explore the association between these patterns and sociodemographic characteristics using data from the National Health Survey 2013. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS This is a population-based study, nationwide, of individuals aged ≥18 years (n = 60,202). The sampling process used was grouping with three selection stages: census sector, households, and individuals. The factor analysis by principal component was used to identify behavioral patterns of protective and risk factors for NCDs. Linear regression was used to explore the association between patterns and sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Two behavioral patterns were identified: a 'protective pattern' featured by consumption of vegetable, fruits/natural fruit juice, and low-fat milk and recommended physical activity practice during leisure time; and a 'risk pattern' characterized by consumption of high-fat meat and soft drinks, alcohol abuse, and smoking habit. Adherence to the protective pattern was associated with older White women who had higher levels of education, were economically active, and lived in the urban areas of the country. Younger, economically active men living in the urban areas were associated with the risk patterns. CONCLUSIONS Two behavioral patterns for NCDs have been identified and are distributed non-randomly in the adult Brazilian population. These findings are expected to contribute to better targeting health promotion and prevention of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B N de Carvalho
- Program of Post-Graduation in Public Health Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil; Nursing Course, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Federal University of Piaui, Picos, 64607-670, Brazil.
| | - F Rauber
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil.
| | - R M Claro
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil; School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 3013100, Brazil.
| | - R B Levy
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil.
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17
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Naja F, Itani L, Hammoudeh S, Manzoor S, Abbas N, Radwan H, Saber-Ayad M. Dietary Patterns and Their Associations With the FTO and FGF21 Gene Variants Among Emirati Adults. Front Nutr 2021; 8:668901. [PMID: 34095191 PMCID: PMC8171665 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.668901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To examine the dietary patterns and their associations with the FTO and FGF21 gene variants among Emirati adults. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, healthy adult male and female Emiratis (n = 194) were recruited from primary health care centers in Sharjah, UAE. Participants completed a 61-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. In addition, a saliva sample was obtained for the genetic analysis. Genotyping was performed for FTOrs9939609(A>T), FTOrs9930506(A>G), FGF21 rs838133 (A > G), and FGF21 rs838145 (A > G). Dietary patterns were derived using the principal component analysis. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association of dietary patterns with genetic variants. Results: Three dietary patterns were identified: "Western": consisting of fast food, sweets, and processed meat; "Traditional Emirati" rich in vegetables, traditional Emirati-mixed-dishes and whole dairy; while whole grains, low-fat dairy, and bulgur were components of the "Prudent" pattern. Subjects carrying the A allele of the FTO rs9939609 were 2.41 times more likely to adhere to the Western pattern compared to subjects with genotype TT (OR:2.41; 95%CI:1.05-5.50). Compared with subjects with A/A, those carrying the G allele of the FTO rs9930506 were more likely to follow a Western diet (OR: 2.19; 95%CI: 1.00-4.97). Participants carrying the risk allele (A) of the FGF21 rs838133 were twice more likely to adhere to the Traditional pattern as compared to subjects with genotype GG (OR: 1.9, 95%CI: 1.01-3.57). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggested associations among specific FTO and FGF21 gene variants with dietary patterns among Emirati adults. These findings could be used to inform evidence-based targeted nutrition preventive recommendations, especially those aiming to limit intake of western type foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naja
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Leila Itani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sarah Hammoudeh
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shaista Manzoor
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nada Abbas
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hadia Radwan
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maha Saber-Ayad
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Schulz CA, Oluwagbemigun K, Nöthlings U. Advances in dietary pattern analysis in nutritional epidemiology. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:4115-4130. [PMID: 33899149 PMCID: PMC8572214 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose It used to be a common practice in the field of nutritional epidemiology to analyze separate nutrients, foods, or food groups. However, in reality, nutrients and foods are consumed in combination. The introduction of dietary patterns (DP) and their analysis has revolutionized this field, making it possible to take into account the synergistic effects of foods and to account for the complex interaction among nutrients and foods. Three approaches of DP analysis exist: (1) the hypothesis-based approach (based on prior knowledge regarding the current understanding of dietary components and their health relation), (2) the exploratory approach (solely relying on dietary intake data), and (3) the hybrid approach (a combination of both approaches). During the recent past, complementary approaches for DP analysis have emerged both conceptually and methodologically. Method We have summarized the recent developments that include incorporating the Treelet transformation method as a complementary exploratory approach in a narrative review. Results Uses, peculiarities, strengths, limitations, and scope of recent developments in DP analysis are outlined. Next, the narrative review gives an overview of the literature that takes into account potential relevant dietary-related factors, specifically the metabolome and the gut microbiome in DP analysis. Then the review deals with the aspect of data processing that is needed prior to DP analysis, particularly when dietary data arise from assessment methods other than the long-established food frequency questionnaire. Lastly, potential opportunities for upcoming DP analysis are summarized in the outlook.
Conclusion Biological factors like the metabolome and the microbiome are crucial to understand diet-disease relationships. Therefore, the inclusion of these factors in DP analysis might provide deeper insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina-Alexandra Schulz
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19b, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19b, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19b, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Zhao J, Li Z, Gao Q, Zhao H, Chen S, Huang L, Wang W, Wang T. A review of statistical methods for dietary pattern analysis. Nutr J 2021; 20:37. [PMID: 33874970 PMCID: PMC8056502 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00692-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary pattern analysis is a promising approach to understanding the complex relationship between diet and health. While many statistical methods exist, the literature predominantly focuses on classical methods such as dietary quality scores, principal component analysis, factor analysis, clustering analysis, and reduced rank regression. There are some emerging methods that have rarely or never been reviewed or discussed adequately. Methods This paper presents a landscape review of the existing statistical methods used to derive dietary patterns, especially the finite mixture model, treelet transform, data mining, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and compositional data analysis, in terms of their underlying concepts, advantages and disadvantages, and available software and packages for implementation. Results While all statistical methods for dietary pattern analysis have unique features and serve distinct purposes, emerging methods warrant more attention. However, future research is needed to evaluate these emerging methods’ performance in terms of reproducibility, validity, and ability to predict different outcomes. Conclusion Selection of the most appropriate method mainly depends on the research questions. As an evolving subject, there is always scope for deriving dietary patterns through new analytic methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junkang Zhao
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No.56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi province, China
| | - Zhiyao Li
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No.56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi province, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No.56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi province, China
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- Department of Nutrition & Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No.56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi province, China
| | - Shuting Chen
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No.56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi province, China
| | - Lun Huang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No.56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi province, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No.56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi province, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No.56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi province, China.
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Maternal Food and Beverage Consumption Behaviors and Discrepant Phthalate Exposure by Race. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18042190. [PMID: 33672279 PMCID: PMC7927108 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18042190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Differential exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including phthalate diesters, may contribute to persistent racial/ethnic disparities in women’s reproductive health outcomes. We sought to characterize sources of gestational exposure to these agents that may differ according to maternal race. Methods: We enrolled pregnant Black (n = 198), including African American, and White (n = 197) women during the second trimester, and measured eight phthalate monoester metabolites in urine. We assessed confounder-adjusted associations between multiple food and beverage consumption habits, summarized using a principal component analysis, as predictors of maternal urinary phthalate metabolite levels, stratified by race. Results: Whites reported significantly greater unprocessed food consumption (42.5% vs. 32.0%; p < 0.001) and storage of food in clear unbreakable plastic containers (66.5% vs. 49.3%; p < 0.001) than Blacks, while Blacks consumed more canned fruits and vegetables (23.5% vs. 12.2%; p < 0.001) than Whites. Using plastics for food storage, microwaving in plastic containers, and using hard plastic water bottles was associated with urinary phthalate concentrations, especially DEHP metabolites (e.g., mean difference = 5.13%; 95% CI: 3.05, 7.25). These associations were driven primarily by Black pregnant women. Conclusions: Targeted interventions to reduce maternal exposure to phthalates need to be designed with specific attention to differences in food and beverage consumption behaviors among Black and White women.
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Min K, Wang J, Liao W, Astell-Burt T, Feng X, Cai S, Liu Y, Zhang P, Su F, Yang K, Sun L, Zhang J, Wang L, Liu Z, Jiang Y. Dietary patterns and their associations with overweight/obesity among preschool children in Dongcheng District of Beijing: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:223. [PMID: 33504346 PMCID: PMC7839210 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies investigated the associations between dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among Chinese preschool children. Thus, the study aims to explore dietary patterns and their associations with overweight/obesity among preschool children in the Dongcheng District of Beijing. METHODS With a stratified proportionate cluster sampling, the study included 3373 pairs of preschool children and their guardians. Children's weight and height were measured by school nurses, and their food and beverage consumption frequencies were reported by guardians via a food frequency questionnaire. Children's age, gender, physical activity time, and sedentary time, as well as their parents' highest level of educational attainment, occupation, weight, and height were also collected. Dietary patterns were identified through exploratory factor analysis. Among these identified dietary patterns, the one with the largest factor score was defined as the predominant dietary pattern for each child. The associations between predominant dietary patterns and overweight/obesity were tested by two-level random-intercept logistic models with cluster-robust standard errors. RESULTS Four dietary patterns, i.e., a "Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) and snack" pattern, a "Chinese traditional" pattern, a "Health conscious" pattern, and a "Snack" pattern, were identified. Among the children, 21.02% (95% CI: 19.68 to 22.43%) were predominated by the "SSB and snack" pattern, 27.78% (95% CI: 26.29 to 29.32%) by the "Chinese traditional" pattern, 24.90% (95% CI: 23.47 to 26.39%) by the "Health conscious" pattern, and 26.30% (95% CI: 24.84 to 27.81%) by the "Snack" pattern. After controlling for potential confounders, the "SSB and snack" pattern characterized by fresh fruit/vegetable juice, flavored milk drinks, carbonated drinks, flavored fruit/vegetable drinks, tea drinks, plant-protein drinks, puffed foods, fried foods, and Western fast foods was associated with a higher risk of overweight/obesity (OR: 1.61, 95% CI:1.09 to 2.38), compared with the "Chinese traditional" pattern. CONCLUSIONS The preference for dietary patterns with high energy density but low nutritional value was prevalent among preschool children in the Dongcheng District of Beijing. Comprehensive measures to simultaneously reduce consumption of SSBs and unhealthy snacks among preschool children should be taken urgently to address the childhood obesity problem in China, particularly in metropolises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Min
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Dongcheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Thomas Astell-Burt
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.,Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab, School of Health and Society, Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences, and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.,National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Xiaoqi Feng
- Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab, School of Health and Society, Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences, and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.,National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shuya Cai
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Fenghua Su
- Dongcheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Yang
- Dongcheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Dongcheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.
| | - Lianjun Wang
- Dongcheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.
| | - Zechen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu Jiang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
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Motlagh Moghaddam EA, Motarjemizadeh G, Ayremlou P, Zarrin R. Major dietary patterns in relation to age-related cataract. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 41:325-330. [PMID: 33487285 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dietary pattern (DP) may play an important role in the formation of Age-related cataract (ARC). The objective of the study was to investigate the association between DP and ARC. METHODS Participants (120 cases and 240 controls) aged 50-80 years were selected from the ophthalmology clinic of Urmia Imam Khomeini Educational Hospital in the Northwest of Iran by the simple random sampling method between 2017 and 2018. Participants in matched case-control study were free of diabetes, autoimmune diseases and cancer. Factor analysis method was used to identify the major DPs. The association between participants' DPs and ARC were evaluated using logistic regression analysis in SPSS20. RESULTS Four major DPs were found and nominated: "Unhealthy", "Healthy", "Salty foods" and "Mixed" patterns. In continues model the Unhealthy pattern was positively associated with the risk of ARC disease (odds ratio in adjusted model was 5.71; 95% CI: 3.68-8.87, P trend< 0.001). The Healthy pattern was inversely associated with the ARC (odds ratio in adjusted model was 0.48; 95% CI: 0.34-0.67, Ptrend = 0.02). The Salty foods pattern was associated with ARC (odds ratio in adjusted model was 1.45; 95% CI; 1.04-2.02, Ptrend = 0.03). The association between ARC disease and Mixed patterns was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION The results indicate that Unhealthy and Salty foods patterns were associated with increased risk of ARC. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm such an association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Parvin Ayremlou
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Imam Khomeini Educational Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Rasoul Zarrin
- Nutrition Department, School of Medicine, The Urmia University of Medical Sciences, NazlouPardis, Sero Road, Urmia, Iran.
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Prospective association between dietary patterns and BMI Z-score in Brazilian adolescents. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:4230-4237. [PMID: 33472719 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021000252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify dietary patterns and prospectively evaluate their influence on the BMI Z-score of adolescents. DESIGN A longitudinal study, using data from the Longitudinal Study on Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, Eating Habits and Adolescent Health - LONCAAFS. SETTING To obtain data on food consumption, a 24-h recall survey was conducted; a second 24-h recall was applied to 30 % of the sample in all waves. Dietary patterns were identified by exploratory factor analysis using principal components. BMI Z-score was determined according to the recommendation of the WHO, based on the BMI for age and sex. Socio-economic data, sedentary behaviour and physical activity level were obtained. Associations between BMI Z-score and dietary patterns and between BMI Z-score and variables of interest were determined using generalised estimating equations. PARTICIPANTS Totally, 1431 adolescents were assessed in 2014, 1178 in 2015, 959 in 2016 and 773 in 2017, belonging to the public schools of João Pessoa, Northeast Brazil. RESULTS Three dietary patterns were identified throughout the study: 'traditional', 'snacks' and 'Western'. The 'Western' dietary pattern was positively associated with BMI Z-score (β = 0·025; 95 % CI 0·002, 0·048), regardless of sex and physical activity level, prospectively. CONCLUSION A dietary pattern composed of foods with high energy density, high fat and sugars, and low fibre influences the BMI Z-score of adolescents over time.
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Kim SA, Ha J, Lim B, Kim JM, Shin S. The Association between Major Dietary Pattern and Low Muscle Mass in Korean Middle-Aged and Elderly Populations: Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113543. [PMID: 33227986 PMCID: PMC7699220 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced skeletal muscle mass in older populations is independently associated with functional impairment and disability, resulting in increased risk of mortality and various comorbidities. This study aimed to examine the association between major dietary pattern and low muscle mass among Korean middle-aged and elderly populations. A total of 8136 participants aged ≥50 years were included from a cross-sectional study based on the 2008–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The following four distinct dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis: “Condiment, vegetables, and meats”; “wheat flour, bread, fruits, milk, and dairy products”; “white rice, fish, and seaweeds”; and “whole grain, bean products, and kimchi”. A higher “white rice, fish, and seaweeds” pattern score was associated with a lower prevalence of low muscle mass in both men and women, whereas a higher “condiment, vegetables, and meats” pattern score was associated with a higher prevalence of low muscle mass in men. A dietary pattern based on white rice, fish, and seaweeds can be helpful in protecting against loss of skeletal muscle mass in Korean middle-aged and elderly populations. Future research is paramount to confirm the causal association between dietary pattern and the risk of low muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Ah Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea; (S.-A.K.); (J.H.)
| | - Jinwoo Ha
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea; (S.-A.K.); (J.H.)
| | - Byeonghwi Lim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea; (B.L.); (J.-M.K.)
| | - Jun-Mo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea; (B.L.); (J.-M.K.)
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea; (S.-A.K.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-670-3259; Fax: +82-31-675-1381
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Vijayakumar A, Kim Y, Kim H, Kwon O. Western dietary pattern is associated with higher risk of lower lean muscle mass in Korean postmenopausal women: data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011. Nutr Res Pract 2020; 15:528-540. [PMID: 34349885 PMCID: PMC8313384 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2021.15.4.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES In a healthy person, from 35 years of age, there is an annual loss of muscle mass at the rate of 1–2% and is associated with a decline in the quality of life. This study aimed to identify the particular dietary patterns associated with the risk of lower lean muscle mass in Korean postmenopausal women. SUBJECTS/METHODS The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) is a population-based, continuous cross-sectional annual survey. The participants of the KNHANES IV (2008–2009) and V (2010–2011) were considered for this study. The study sample consisted of 1548 postmenopausal women, aged 45–86 years. Lower lean muscle mass was defined as having appendicular skeletal muscle mass corrected for body weight less than 1 standard deviation of the young reference group aged 20 to 39 years in KNHANES IV and V. To identify the dietary pattern using factor analysis, 24-h recall data was used. RESULTS The prevalence of lower lean muscle mass was 31.3% in this study population. Four dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis; ‘Diverse’, ‘Western’, ‘Traditional’, and ‘Snacks and beverages’. The ‘Western’ pattern, highest factor loadings for flour and bread, potatoes, red meat, processed meat, eggs, and cheese, was significantly associated with a high (60%) risk of lower lean muscle mass (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.60 [1.07–2.39], P for trend = 0.01) after adjustments for potential covariates. The other 3 dietary patterns were not associated with lower lean muscle mass. CONCLUSIONS The study findings suggest that the ‘Western’ dietary pattern that includes flour and bread, potatoes, red meat, processed meat, eggs, and cheese, may be associated with a higher risk of lower lean muscle mass in Korean postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswathy Vijayakumar
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yangha Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Hyesook Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Oran Kwon
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Kim SA, Shin S. Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Dyslipidemia in Korean Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study Based on the Health Examinees (HEXA) Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 121:1242-1257.e2. [PMID: 33158796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying dietary patterns that contribute to dyslipidemia development can inform prevention, nutritional counseling, and other treatment recommendations. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify major dietary patterns and examine the association between these dietary patterns and dyslipidemia incidence by sex among Koreans. DESIGN The Health Examinees (HEXA) study is a community-based prospective cohort study. The baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted in 2004-2013, and 2012-2016, respectively, at 38 health examination centers and training hospitals located in eight regions in Korea. Dietary intake data were collected using a web-based, validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at baseline. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Among 65,642 participants who completed the baseline and follow-up survey, data from 38,170 participants without dyslipidemia and other related chronic diseases at baseline were analyzed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incidence of dyslipidemia and its components (hypercholesterolemia, hyper-low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterolemia, hypo-high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia) after baseline but before the follow-up examination was examined. STATISTICAL ANALYSES Factor analysis was conducted on data from the semiquantitative FFQ to identify major dietary patterns for Korean adults. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to estimate the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) according to the quintiles of three dietary pattern scores, after adjusting for potential confounders by sex. RESULTS Of the three identified dietary patterns, the higher "prudent" pattern score was associated with a lower incidence of dyslipidemia (RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.99; P = .02) after adjusting for potential confounders in women. Higher "flour-based food and meats" pattern score was associated with a higher incidence of hypercholesterolemia (men: RR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.21-2.20; P = .003; women: RR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.30-1.67; P < .001), hyper-LDL cholesterolemia (men: RR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.03-2.04, P = .06; women: RR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.16-1.58, P < .001), and dyslipidemia (men: RR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.09-1.54; P = .009; women: RR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.16-1.42; P < .001) in both men and women. The "white rice" pattern score was associated with a lower incidence of hypo-HDL cholesterolemia (RR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.58-0.96; P = .01) and dyslipidemia (RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.81-0.99; P = .07) in women. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to the "prudent" and "white rice" patterns was associated with a lower dyslipidemia risk in Korean women, whereas adherence to the "flour-based food and meats" pattern was associated with increased risks of dyslipidemia and its components (hypercholesterolemia and hyper-LDL cholesterolemia) in both Korean men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Ah Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
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Motswagole B, Jackson J, Kobue-Lekalake R, Maruapula S, Mongwaketse T, Kwape L, Thomas T, Swaminathan S, Kurpad AV, Jackson M. The Association of General and Central Obesity with Dietary Patterns and Socioeconomic Status in Adult Women in Botswana. J Obes 2020; 2020:4959272. [PMID: 32963826 PMCID: PMC7491446 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4959272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns and their association with general and central obesity among adult women were studied using a cross-sectional survey with multistage cluster sampling in urban and rural areas nationwide in Botswana. The participants in the study were adult women (N = 1019), 18-75 years old. The dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis, and their associations with the body mass index and the weight-for-height ratio were examined. Factor analysis with varimax rotation was used to identify six dietary patterns (fast foods, refined carbohydrates, vegetables and fruits, fish and nuts, Botswana traditional foods, and organ and red meat dietary pattern). Overall, 24.5% of the women were overweight (BMI 25.0-29.99 kg/m2) and 24.5% were obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2). A waist-to-height ratio greater than 0.5 was observed for 42.2% of the women. With adjustment for age and education, individuals in the highest tertile of the Botswana traditional food pattern had a significantly higher risk of general obesity (RR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.07-1.84) and central obesity (RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.97-1.48). With respect to the fish and nut pattern, a significant association was observed with central obesity only (RR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.18-1.72). The Botswana traditional food pattern, characterised by a high carbohydrate intake, was found to be associated with a high risk of obesity in this study. However, more research is required to assess other factors contributing to obesity in women so that appropriate intervention programs can be put in place to help control this epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boitumelo Motswagole
- National Food Technology Research Centre, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Private Bag 8, Kanye, Botswana
| | - Jose Jackson
- Michigan State University, Alliance for African Partnership, 427 N Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Rosemary Kobue-Lekalake
- Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Food Science and Technology, Private Bag, 0027 Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Segametsi Maruapula
- University of Botswana, Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, Private Bag, 0022 Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Tiyapo Mongwaketse
- National Food Technology Research Centre, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Private Bag 8, Kanye, Botswana
| | - Lemogang Kwape
- National Food Technology Research Centre, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Private Bag 8, Kanye, Botswana
- Ministry of Health & Wellness, Private Bag, 0038 Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Tinku Thomas
- St Johns Research Institute, Koramangala, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Anura V. Kurpad
- St Johns Research Institute, Koramangala, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Maria Jackson
- University of the West Indies, Department of Community Health and Psychiatry, Kingston, Jamaica
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Carrizosa E, Guerrero V, Romero Morales D, Satorra A. Enhancing Interpretability in Factor Analysis by Means of Mathematical Optimization. MULTIVARIATE BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH 2020; 55:748-762. [PMID: 31663785 DOI: 10.1080/00273171.2019.1677208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) is a widely used statistical technique to discover the structure of latent unobserved variables, called factors, from a set of observed variables. EFA exploits the property of rotation invariance of the factor model to enhance factors' interpretability by building a sparse loading matrix. In this paper, we propose an optimization-based procedure to give meaning to the factors arising in EFA by means of an additional set of variables, called explanatory variables, which may include in particular the set of observed variables. A goodness-of-fit criterion is introduced which quantifies the quality of the interpretation given this way. Our methodology also exploits the rotational invariance of EFA to obtain the best orthogonal rotation of the factors, in terms of the goodness-of-fit, but making them match to some of the explanatory variables, thus going beyond traditional rotation methods. Therefore, our approach allows the analyst to interpret the factors not only in terms of the observed variables, but in terms of a broader set of variables. Our experimental results demonstrate how our approach enhances interpretability in EFA, first in an empirical dataset, concerning volumes of reservoirs in California, and second in a synthetic data example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Carrizosa
- Instituto de Matemáticas de la Universidad de Sevilla (IMUS), Seville, Spain
| | - Vanesa Guerrero
- Department of Statistics, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Getafe, Spain
| | | | - Albert Satorra
- Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Gherasim A, Arhire LI, Niță O, Popa AD, Graur M, Mihalache L. The relationship between lifestyle components and dietary patterns. Proc Nutr Soc 2020; 79:311-323. [PMID: 32234085 PMCID: PMC7663317 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665120006898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a narrative review on the interaction between dietary patterns with demographic and lifestyle variables in relation to health status assessment. The food pattern has the advantage of taking into account the correlations that may exist between foods or groups of foods, but also between nutrients. It is an alternative and complementary approach in analysing the relationship between nutrition and the risk of chronic diseases. For the determination of dietary patterns one can use indices/scores that evaluate the conformity of the diet with the nutrition guidelines or the established patterns (a priori approach). The methods more commonly used are based on exploratory data (a posteriori): cluster analysis and factor analysis. Dietary patterns may vary according to sex, socio-economic status, ethnicity, culture and other factors, but more, they may vary depending on different associations between these factors. The dietary pattern exerts its effects on health in a synergistic way or even in conjunction with other lifestyle factors, and we can therefore refer to a 'pattern of lifestyle'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Gherasim
- ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, 16 Universității street, Iași 700115, Romania
- ‘Sf. Spiridon’ Clinical Emergency Hospital, 1 Independenței boulevard, Iași 700111, Romania
| | - Lidia I. Arhire
- ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, 16 Universității street, Iași 700115, Romania
- ‘Sf. Spiridon’ Clinical Emergency Hospital, 1 Independenței boulevard, Iași 700111, Romania
| | - Otilia Niță
- ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, 16 Universității street, Iași 700115, Romania
- ‘Sf. Spiridon’ Clinical Emergency Hospital, 1 Independenței boulevard, Iași 700111, Romania
| | - Alina D. Popa
- ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, 16 Universității street, Iași 700115, Romania
- ‘Sf. Spiridon’ Clinical Emergency Hospital, 1 Independenței boulevard, Iași 700111, Romania
| | - Mariana Graur
- ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, 16 Universității street, Iași 700115, Romania
- ‘Sf. Spiridon’ Clinical Emergency Hospital, 1 Independenței boulevard, Iași 700111, Romania
| | - Laura Mihalache
- ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, 16 Universității street, Iași 700115, Romania
- ‘Sf. Spiridon’ Clinical Emergency Hospital, 1 Independenței boulevard, Iași 700111, Romania
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Multi-Grain Rice Diet Decreases Risk of Breast Cancer in Korean Women: Results from the Health Examinees Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082273. [PMID: 32751310 PMCID: PMC7468941 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a number of studies explain the association between dietary patterns, which take into account that foods are eaten in combination, and breast cancer risk, the findings are inconsistent. We examined the association between dietary patterns and multi-grain rice intake, and the risk of breast cancer in a large-scale prospective cohort study in Korean women. A total of 93,306 women aged 40–69 years from the Health Examinees-Gem (HEXA-G) study (2004 and 2013) were included. We obtained Information on cancer diagnosis via linkage to the Korea Central Cancer Registry. Factor analysis was conducted to obtain dietary patterns, and Cox proportional models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for breast cancer risk. For 494,490 person-years, 359 new cases of breast cancer occurred. We identified three major dietary patterns, that explained 23.9% of the total variance based on daily total food intake (g/day) from 37 food groups: the meat dietary pattern (higher intake of bread and red meat), the white rice dietary pattern (higher intake of white rice and lower intake of multi-grain rice), and the other pattern. Women who had higher white rice dietary pattern scores had a 35% higher risk of breast cancer, than did women with lower white rice dietary pattern scores (multivariable HR 1.35; 95% CI 1.00–1.84 for the highest vs. lowest quartile of the white rice dietary pattern scores, p for trend = 0.0384). We found that women who consumed three or more servings of multi-grain rice per day had 33% lower risk of breast cancer than did those who consumed one or less multi-grain rice serving per day among women under 50 years of age (multivariable HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.45–0.99, p for trend = 0.0204). Our study suggests that a multi-grain rice diet may be associated with lower risk of breast cancer in Korean women.
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Dalrymple KV, Flynn AC, Seed PT, Briley AL, O'Keeffe M, Godfrey KM, Poston L. Associations between dietary patterns, eating behaviours, and body composition and adiposity in 3-year-old children of mothers with obesity. Pediatr Obes 2020; 15:e12608. [PMID: 31883218 PMCID: PMC7124886 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationships between eating habits, behaviours, and the development of obesity in preschool children is not well established. OBJECTIVE As children of mothers with obesity are themselves at risk of obesity, we examined these relationships in a cohort of 482 three-year-old children of mothers with obesity from the UK Pregnancy Better Eating and Activity Trial (UPBEAT). METHOD Dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis of an 85-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Eating behaviours were assessed using the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ). Measures of body composition included age-specific BMI cut-offs, WHO z scores, sum of skinfolds, waist and arm circumferences, and body fat percentage. Using adjusted regression analysis, we examined associations between dietary patterns, eating behaviours, and measures of body composition. RESULTS Three distinct dietary patterns were defined: "healthy/prudent," "African/Caribbean," and "processed/snacking." The "processed/snacking" pattern was associated with greater odds of obesity; OR 1.53 (95% CI, 1.07-2.19). The "African/Caribbean" and the "healthy/prudent" patterns were associated with a lower arm circumference (β = -0.23 cm [-0.45 to -0.01]) and sum of skinfolds (β = -1.36 cm [-2.88 to -0.37]), respectively. Lower enjoyment of food and food responsiveness, and greater slowness in eating and satiety, were associated with lower arm and waist circumferences, WHO z scores, and obesity (all P < .05). CONCLUSION In children of mothers with obesity, those who had higher scores on a "processed/snacking" dietary pattern had greater odds of obesity. In contrast, slowness in eating was associated with lower measures of body composition. These novel findings highlight modifiable behaviours in high-risk preschool children which could contribute to public health strategies for prevention of childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn V Dalrymple
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Angela C Flynn
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul T Seed
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Annette L Briley
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Majella O'Keeffe
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Lucilla Poston
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Dietary patterns and gastric cancer risk in a Korean population: a case-control study. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:389-397. [PMID: 32350654 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02253-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dietary pattern analysis has been considered as an approach to capture the complex interactions of overall diet, which are often lost in studies of single dietary components (e.g., foods and nutrients). The aim of this study was to identify the major dietary patterns of Koreans via principal component analysis based on the food groups and to investigate the association between dietary patterns and gastric cancer (GC) risk. METHODS In this study, participants were recruited from the National Cancer Center, Korea. Among them, 415 cases were diagnosed with early GC, and 830 controls were age- and sex-matched at a ratio of 1:2. To determine the subjects' dietary patterns, 34 predefined food groups based on the 106-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) were used. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated across the tertiles of dietary pattern scores using logistic regression models. RESULTS The two dietary patterns derived in this study were named westernized and prudent. Those patterns explained 24.83% of the total variation in food intake. Higher scores on the prudent pattern was inversely associated with the risk of GC (OR [95% CI] for the highest vs. lowest tertiles: 0.58 [0.41-0.84], p for trend = 0.004). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that adherence to the prudent dietary pattern represented by high loadings of vegetables and fruits, was associated with lower GC risk. Further studies with a prospective design and larger sample sizes are necessary.
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Shakya PR, Melaku YA, Page AJ, Gill TK. Nutrient patterns and depressive symptoms among Australian adults. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:329-343. [PMID: 32328747 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02243-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Much of the current literature on the associations between diet and depression focus on single nutrients rather than nutrient patterns (NPs). We investigated the association between NPs and depressive symptoms (DepS) in an Australian adult population. METHODS DepS were examined at two different time points, in 2010 (Stage 3, n = 1743, 49.0% males) and 2015 [North West 2015 (NW15), n = 1,024, 46.6% males] of the North West Adelaide Health Study (NWAHS). Dietary habits were evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at Stage 3. DepS were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale at Stage 3 and NW15. Principal component analysis was used to identify NPs as well as the factor structure of the CES-D. Log- and negative binomial regression analyses were used to assess the association between NPs and DepS scores. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was undertaken between the NPs and identified factors of the CES-D score. RESULTS Three NPs (from the FFQ) and two-factors (from the CES-D score) were obtained. After adjusting for known confounding variables, a 'plant-sourced' NP (β-carotene, fibre, vitamin C, potassium and α-carotene) was inversely associated with DepS at Stage 3 [prevalence ratio (PR)Q4VsQ1, 0.78; 95% CI 0.66-0.92; p = 0.003], whereas an 'animal-sourced' (ω-3 fatty acid, monounsaturated fat, vitamin E and cholesterol) or 'mixed-source' (phosphorous, protein, vitamin B2, iodine and zinc) NP was not associated with DepS. There was an inverse relationship between the 'plant-sourced' NP and the '(absence of) positive-affect' factor from the CES-D in both stages. CONCLUSION The 'plant-sourced' NP is consistently and inversely associated with DepS; however, longitudinal studies are recommended to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem R Shakya
- Vagal Afferent Research Group, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia.,Diabetes, Nutrition and Gut Health, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Yohannes A Melaku
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, SA, Australia
| | - Amanda J Page
- Vagal Afferent Research Group, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia.,Diabetes, Nutrition and Gut Health, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Tiffany K Gill
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia.
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Najafi A, Babajafari S, Dabbaghmanesh MH, Akhlaghi M, Shafiee F, Moein-Jahromi Z. Prudent and traditional dietary patterns are positively and negatively associated with bone mineral density in Iranian adults, respectively. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 91:224-234. [PMID: 32319359 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To assess the association of dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD), 340 healthy Iranian adults (mean age 41.5 ± 7.7 y; 79.1% female) participated in this cross-sectional study. Lumbar spine and femoral neck BMDs were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Dietary intakes were evaluated by a valid and reliable 168-item food frequency questionnaire, and three major dietary patterns were identified using principal component factor analysis. Mean values for lumbar spine and femoral neck BMDs in participants were 0.96 ± 0.13 and 0.92 ± 0.12 g/cm2, respectively. After controlling for age, body mass index, physical activity, energy intake, sunlight exposure, gender, education, employment status, supplement intake, and smoking in the analysis of covariance models, multivariable adjusted means of femoral neck BMD of participants in the highest tertile of the prudent pattern score (rich in green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, tomatoes, yellow vegetables, fruits and fruit juices, olives, nuts, fish, low-fat dairy products, and Doogh) were significantly higher than those in the lowest tertile (mean difference and 95% CI: 0.043 [0.003; 0.083] g/cm2, P = 0.032). In contrast, multivariable adjusted means of lumbar spine BMD of participants in the highest tertile of the traditional pattern score (high in Abgoosht, vegetable oils, salt, legumes, pickles, cruciferous vegetables, refined grains, potatoes, and organ meats) were significantly lower than those in the lowest tertile (mean difference and 95% CI: -0.057 [-0.098; -0.015] g/cm2, P = 0.003). The Western pattern was not associated with BMD. In conclusion, the prudent and traditional dietary patterns are positively and negatively associated with BMD in Iranian adults, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Najafi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Siavash Babajafari
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shafiee
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Moein-Jahromi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Rashidi Pour Fard N, Amirabdollahian F, Haghighatdoost F. Dietary patterns and frailty: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2020; 77:498-513. [PMID: 31038679 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Assessing the relationship between single nutrients and frailty fails to take into consideration the interactions between nutrients. An increasing number of investigations in recent years have evaluated the association between dietary patterns and frailty. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the association between dietary patterns and frailty. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for epidemiological studies published up to April 2018 that assessed the association between dietary patterns and frailty. STUDY SELECTION Cohort or cross-sectional studies that examined dietary patterns via an a priori or an a posteriori method in relation to risk of frailty without considering any specific age range were included. Studies were excluded if they examined single nutrients, single foods, or single food groups. DATA EXTRACTION Pooled effect sizes of eligible studies and their corresponding 95%CIs were estimated using random-effects models. When publication bias was present, trim and fill analysis was conducted to adjust the pooled effect. RESULTS A total of 13 studies with 15 effect sizes were identified. Results from 9 cohort and cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analysis. Higher adherence to a healthy dietary pattern was associated with lower odds of frailty (odds ratio = 0.69; 95%CI, 0.57-0.84; P < 0.0001; I2 =92.1%; P for heterogeneity < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that a diet high in fruit, vegetables, and whole grains may be associated with reduced risk of frailty. Nevertheless, additional longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the association of dietary patterns with frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- Department of Community Nutrition and the Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Behrouzi P, Grootswagers P, Keizer PLC, Smeets ETHC, Feskens EJM, de Groot LCPGM, van Eeuwijk FA. Dietary Intakes of Vegetable Protein, Folate, and Vitamins B-6 and B-12 Are Partially Correlated with Physical Functioning of Dutch Older Adults Using Copula Graphical Models. J Nutr 2020; 150:634-643. [PMID: 31858107 PMCID: PMC7056616 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In nutritional epidemiology, dealing with confounding and complex internutrient relations are major challenges. An often-used approach is dietary pattern analyses, such as principal component analysis, to deal with internutrient correlations, and to more closely resemble the true way nutrients are consumed. However, despite these improvements, these approaches still require subjective decisions in the preselection of food groups. Moreover, they do not make efficient use of multivariate dietary data, because they detect only marginal associations. We propose the use of copula graphical models (CGMs) to model and make statistical inferences regarding complex associations among variables in multivariate data, where associations between all variables can be learned simultaneously. OBJECTIVE We aimed to reconstruct nutritional intake and physical functioning networks in Dutch older adults by applying a CGM. METHODS We addressed this issue by uncovering the pairwise associations between variables while correcting for the effect of remaining variables. More specifically, we used a CGM to infer the precision matrix, which contains all the conditional independence relations between nodes in the graph. The nonzero elements of the precision matrix indicate the presence of a direct association. We applied this method to reconstruct nutrient-physical functioning networks from the combined data of 4 studies (Nu-Age, ProMuscle, ProMO, and V-Fit, total n = 662, mean ± SD age = 75 ± 7 y). The method was implemented in the R package nutriNetwork which is freely available at https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/nutriNetwork. RESULTS Greater intakes of vegetable protein and vitamin B-6 were partially correlated with higher scores on the total Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and the chair rise test. Greater intakes of vitamin B-12 and folate were partially correlated with higher scores on the chair rise test and the total SPPB, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We determined that vegetable protein, vitamin B-6, folate, and vitamin B-12 intakes are partially correlated with improved functional outcome measurements in Dutch older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pariya Behrouzi
- Biometris, Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Pol Grootswagers
- Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Paul L C Keizer
- Biometris, Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ellen T H C Smeets
- Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Edith J M Feskens
- Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Fred A van Eeuwijk
- Biometris, Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Flynn AC, Thompson JMD, Dalrymple KV, Wall C, Begum S, Johny JP, Cutfield WS, North R, McCowan LME, Godfrey KM, Mitchell EA, Poston L. Childhood dietary patterns and body composition at age 6 years: the Children of SCOPE study. Br J Nutr 2020; 124:1-21. [PMID: 32098635 PMCID: PMC7116586 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520000628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Dietary patterns describe the quantity, variety, or combination of different foods and beverages in a diet and the frequency of habitual consumption. Better understanding of childhood dietary patterns and antenatal influences could inform intervention strategies to prevent childhood obesity. We derived empirical dietary patterns in 1142 children (average age 6.0 (0.2) years) in Auckland, New Zealand whose mothers had participated in the Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE) cohort study and explored associations with measures of body composition. Participants (Children of SCOPE) had their diet assessed by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and empirical dietary patterns were extracted using factor analysis. Three distinct dietary patterns were identified; 'Healthy', 'Traditional' and 'Junk'. Associations between dietary patterns and measures of childhood body composition (waist, hip, arm circumferences, body mass index (BMI), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) derived body fat percentage, and sum of skinfold thicknesses (SST)) were assessed by linear regression, with adjustment for maternal influences. Children who had higher 'Junk' dietary pattern scores had 0.24cm greater arm (0.08 SD (95%CI 0.04, 0.13)) and 0.44cm hip (0.05 SD (95% CI 0.01, 0.10)) circumferences, 1.13cm greater SST (0.07 SD (95%CI 0.03, 0.12)) and were more likely to be obese (OR=1.74 (95%CI 1.07, 2.82)); those with higher 'Healthy' pattern scores were less likely to be obese (OR=0.62 (95%CI 0.39, 1.00)). In a large mother-child cohort, a dietary pattern characterised by high sugar and fat foods was associated with greater adiposity and obesity risk in children aged 6 years, while a 'Healthy' dietary pattern offered some protection against obesity. Targeting unhealthy dietary patterns could inform public health strategies to reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Flynn
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, UK
| | - John M D Thompson
- Department of Paediatrics, Child & Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kathryn V Dalrymple
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, UK
| | - Clare Wall
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shahina Begum
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, UK
| | - Jaijus Pallippadan Johny
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Robyn North
- Department of General Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland New Zealand
| | - Lesley M E McCowan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Edwin A Mitchell
- Department of Paediatrics, Child & Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lucilla Poston
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, UK
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Kumordzie SM, Okronipa H, Arimond M, Adu-Afarwuah S, Ocansey ME, Young RR, Bentil HJ, Tamakloe SM, Oaks BM, Dewey KG. Maternal and child factors associated with child body fatness in a Ghanaian cohort. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:309-318. [PMID: 31340880 PMCID: PMC6988376 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019001745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify factors (child diet, physical activity; maternal BMI) associated with body composition of Ghanaian pre-school children. DESIGN Longitudinal analysis of the International Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements (iLiNS)-DYAD-Ghana randomized trial, which enrolled 1320 pregnant women at ≤20 weeks' gestation and followed them and their infants until 6 and 18 months postpartum, respectively. At follow-up, child age 4-6 years, we collected data on body composition (by 2H dilution), physical activity and diet, extracted dietary patterns using factor analysis, and examined the association of children's percentage body fat with maternal and child factors by regression analysis. SETTING Eastern Region, Ghana. PARTICIPANTS Children 4-6 years of age. RESULTS The analysis included 889 children with percentage body fat and dietary data at follow-up. We identified two major dietary patterns, a snacking and a cooked foods pattern. Percentage body fat was positively associated (standardized β (se)) with maternal BMI at follow-up (0·10 (0·03); P = 0·003) and negatively associated with physical activity (-0·15 (0·05); P = 0·003, unadjusted for child gender), but not associated with the snacking (0·06 (0·03); P = 0·103) or cooked foods (-0·05 (0·07); P = 0·474) pattern. Boys were more active than girls (1470 v. 1314 mean vector magnitude counts/min; P < 0·0001) and had lower percentage body fat (13·8 v. 16·9 %; P < 0·0001). CONCLUSIONS In this population, maternal overweight and child physical activity, especially among girls, may be key factors for addressing child overweight/obesity. We did not demonstrate a relationship between the dietary patterns and body fatness, which may be related to limitations of the dietary data available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sika M Kumordzie
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, 3253 Meyer Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Harriet Okronipa
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, 3253 Meyer Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mary Arimond
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, 3253 Meyer Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Intake – Center for Dietary Assessment, FHI 360, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Seth Adu-Afarwuah
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana,Legon, Ghana
| | - Maku E Ocansey
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, 3253 Meyer Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Rebecca R Young
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, 3253 Meyer Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Helena J Bentil
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana,Legon, Ghana
| | - Solace M Tamakloe
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana,Legon, Ghana
| | - Brietta M Oaks
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, 3253 Meyer Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Kathryn G Dewey
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, 3253 Meyer Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Yong HY, Mohd Shariff Z, Mohd Yusof BN, Rejali Z, Appannah G, Bindels J, Tee YYS, van der Beek EM. The association between dietary patterns before and in early pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM): Data from the Malaysian SECOST cohort. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227246. [PMID: 31923230 PMCID: PMC6953856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Generally, dietary patterns (DP)s have been linked to the risk of diabetes mellitus, however, only few studies examined the associations between DPs in early pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aims to determine the association between DPs before and during pregnancy and risk of GDM in Malaysian pregnant women. DPs were derived using principal component analysis of consumed 126 food and beverage items assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire collecting data retrospectively for pre-pregnancy, but prospectively for the first and second trimester. Three different DPs were identified at each time point and labelled as DP 1–3 (pre-pregnancy), DP 4–6 (first trimester), and DP 7–9 (second trimester). About 10.6% (n = 48) of pregnant women were diagnosed with GDM in our cohort. Women with high adherence (HA) to DP 2 (adjusted OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.20–0.91) and DP 5 (adjusted OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.11–0.68) showed a significantly reduced risk of GDM compared to women with low adherence (LA). Other DPs were not significantly associated with GDM risk. Compared to women with GDM, non-GDM women showed HA scores for all DPs throughout pregnancy. Overall, a relative low percentage of women with GDM was found in this cohort. The risk was lower in women with HA to a relatively unhealthy dietary pattern, i.e. DP 2 and DP 5. The lower body mass index (BMI) status and energy intake of women showing a HA to DP 2 in the first trimester may underlie the observed association with a lower GDM risk. Additionally, genetic variance might explain the less susceptibility to GDM despite HA to unhealthy DPs among non-GDM women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Yaw Yong
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zalilah Mohd Shariff
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
| | - Barakatun-Nisak Mohd Yusof
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zulida Rejali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Geeta Appannah
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Eline M. van der Beek
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Naja F, Itani L, Kharroubi S, Diab El Harake M, Hwalla N, Jomaa L. Food insecurity is associated with lower adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern among Lebanese adolescents: a cross-sectional national study. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:3281-3292. [PMID: 31900578 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To derive dietary patterns (DPs) of Lebanese adolescents (10-18 years) and evaluate associations between identified DPs and household food insecurity (HFI). METHODS Data on adolescents (n = 693) were drawn from a national survey conducted in 2015 on a representative sample of Lebanese households with children. In addition to a sociodemographic questionnaire, data collection included the validated Arabic-version of the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, used to evaluate HFI. Dietary intake was assessed using a 187-item validated food frequency questionnaire. Associations between HFI scores and DPs were examined using multiple linear regressions. RESULTS HFI was observed in 55.2% of the study sample. Two DPs were derived among adolescents: Western and Lebanese-Mediterranean (LM). The Western DP was characterized by higher consumption of sweetened beverages, fast foods, sweets, and refined grains, whereas the LM DP was characterized by higher intakes of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and whole grains. Scores of the Western DP were negatively associated with fiber, calcium, iron, and vitamins A and D, while the LM DP scores were positively correlated with fiber, proteins, iron, calcium, and vitamins A and D (p < 0.01). LM DP scores were also negatively correlated with total fat, saturated and polyunsaturated fats, p < 0.05. After adjustment for sociodemographics, multiple linear regression showed that higher HFI scores were associated with lower adherence to LM DP among adolescents (β = - 0.026, 95% CI - 0.046, - 0.006). CONCLUSIONS HFI was associated with lower adherence to the Mediterranean pattern among Lebanese adolescents. Preventive strategies are needed to promote better diet quality among food-insecure youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naja
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Leila Itani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, PO Box 11-5020, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2809, Lebanon
| | - Samer Kharroubi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Marwa Diab El Harake
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Nahla Hwalla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Lamis Jomaa
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon.
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Shakya PR, Melaku YA, Page A, Gill TK. Association between dietary patterns and adult depression symptoms based on principal component analysis, reduced-rank regression and partial least-squares. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:2811-2823. [PMID: 32007317 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS There have been inconsistent findings on the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms (DepS). In addition, studies have used single analysis methods to identify dietary patterns. In the current study, we aimed to determine the association between dietary patterns, derived by principal component analysis (PCA), reduced-rank regressions (RRR) and partial least-squares (PLS), and DepS among adults using a cohort study in Australia. METHODS We examined a total of 1743 study participants (≥24 years, 48.9% males) using cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the North West Adelaide Health Study (NWAHS). The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale was used to assess DepS and a score ≥16 was considered as having depression. Dietary data were collected using a food frequency questionnaire. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)/Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), folate, magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) densities were chosen as the response variables for RRR and PLS analyses. Dietary patterns were identified by PCA, RRR and PLS. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated across quartiles (Q) using log-binomial logistic regression to assess the association between dietary patterns and DepS. Sensitivity analyses, including a longitudinal association between dietary patterns and DepS among 859 participants, were performed. Multiple imputation was performed to investigate the effect of missing data on the estimates. RESULTS In this study, 16.9% (14.2% in men and 20.8% in women) of the participants had DepS. We retained two, four and four dietary patterns captured by PCA, RRR and PLS respectively. The 'prudent' pattern determined by PCA [ORQ4VsQ1 = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.92] and PLS [ORQ4VsQ1 = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.43, 1.00] together with the 'typical Australian' pattern determined by RRR [ORQ4VsQ1 = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.90] were inversely associated with DepS whereas the 'western' pattern derived by PCA [ORQ4VsQ1 = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.12, 3.68] and PLS [ORQ4VsQ1 = 1.62; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.50] was positively associated with DepS. In the longitudinal analysis, the 'prudent' pattern determined by PCA [ORQ4VsQ1 = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.25, 1.09] tended to be inversely associated with DepS whereas 'western' patterns determined by PCA [ORQ4VsQ1 = 3.47; 95% CI: 1.37, 8.78] and PLS [ORQ4VsQ1 = 2.47; 95% CI: 1.24, 4.91] were positively associated with DepS. We found that a dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of fruits, vegetables, medium fat dairy, nuts, legumes, and fish was inversely associated with DepS in this population-based study. Contrary to this, a dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of processed and red meat, fast foods (snacks and takeaway foods), soft drinks, white bread and high-fat dairy products were significantly associated with DepS. Multiple imputation and sensitivity analysis identified similar patterns of association between dietary pattern and DepS. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that the 'western' pattern was consistently associated with an increased risk, and the 'prudent' pattern tended to be associated with a reduced risk of DepS. This suggests that dietary interventions may assist with the treatment of DepS. However, current evidence on the impact of diet on DepS should be supported using further longitudinal studies with extended follow up, larger sample sizes and repeated measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Raj Shakya
- Vagal Afferent Research Group, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yohannes Adama Melaku
- Adelaide Institute of Sleep Health, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Amanda Page
- Vagal Afferent Research Group, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tiffany K Gill
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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Kim SA, Joung H, Shin S. Dietary pattern, dietary total antioxidant capacity, and dyslipidemia in Korean adults. Nutr J 2019; 18:37. [PMID: 31301735 PMCID: PMC6626369 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-019-0459-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Abnormal diet is considered to be an important risk factor for dyslipidemia. However, so far, most studies have focused on the association between single factors only, such as specific nutrients, foods, or dietary patterns, and dyslipidemia risk. This study aimed to examine the association of the joint interaction between dietary pattern and dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) with dyslipidemia. Methods We performed a dietary pattern analysis and calculated the dietary TAC based on 24-h dietary recall (DR) data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2007–2012, which is representative population-based cross-sectional survey in Korea. A total of 29,624 participants aged over 19 years were included for the analysis. The number of people with hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypoHDL-cholesterolemia was 3703, 3513, and 9802, respectively. We examined the association between the joint classifications of dietary pattern score tertiles and dietary TAC level tertiles and dyslipidemia. Results Our results demonstrated that the “Rice & Kimchi” pattern was associated with low prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, and high prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and hypoHDL-cholesterolemia; whereas the pattern of both “Oil, sweets, fish & other vegetables” and “Grain, bean, nuts, vegetables & fruits” were associated with low prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia. Also we demonstrated that for all dietary patterns except for the “Grain, bean, nuts, vegetables & fruits”, dietary TAC was inversely associated with hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusion This study provides basic data for the lipid-lowering effect of dietary TAC and its interaction with dietary patterns. Further study will be needed to investigate the association between dietary TAC and dietary patterns with other diseases like metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, or cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12937-019-0459-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Ah Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Korea.,Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Hyojee Joung
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Korea.
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Jannasch F, Kröger J, Agnoli C, Barricarte A, Boeing H, Cayssials V, Colorado-Yohar S, Dahm CC, Dow C, Fagherazzi G, Franks PW, Freisling H, Gunter MJ, Kerrison ND, Key TJ, Khaw KT, Kühn T, Kyro C, Mancini FR, Mokoroa O, Nilsson P, Overvad K, Palli D, Panico S, García JRQ, Rolandsson O, Sacerdote C, Sánchez MJ, Sahrai MS, Schübel R, Sluijs I, Spijkerman AMW, Tjonneland A, Tong TYN, Tumino R, Riboli E, Langenberg C, Sharp SJ, Forouhi NG, Schulze MB, Wareham NJ. Generalizability of a Diabetes-Associated Country-Specific Exploratory Dietary Pattern Is Feasible Across European Populations. J Nutr 2019; 149:1047-1055. [PMID: 31149710 PMCID: PMC6543295 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-specificity of exploratory dietary patterns limits their generalizability in investigations with type 2 diabetes incidence. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to derive country-specific exploratory dietary patterns, investigate their association with type 2 diabetes incidence, and replicate diabetes-associated dietary patterns in other countries. METHODS Dietary intake data were used, assessed by country-specific questionnaires at baseline of 11,183 incident diabetes cases and 14,694 subcohort members (mean age 52.9 y) from 8 countries, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (mean follow-up time 6.9 y). Exploratory dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis. HRs for incident type 2 diabetes were calculated by Prentice-weighted Cox proportional hazard regression models. Diabetes-associated dietary patterns were simplified or replicated to be applicable in other countries. A meta-analysis across all countries evaluated the generalizability of the diabetes-association. RESULTS Two dietary patterns per country/UK-center, of which overall 3 dietary patterns were diabetes-associated, were identified. A risk-lowering French dietary pattern was not confirmed across other countries: pooled HRFrance per 1 SD: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.10. Risk-increasing dietary patterns, derived in Spain and UK-Norfolk, were confirmed, but only the latter statistically significantly: HRSpain: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.22 and HRUK-Norfolk: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.20. Respectively, this dietary pattern was characterized by relatively high intakes of potatoes, processed meat, vegetable oils, sugar, cake and cookies, and tea. CONCLUSIONS Only few country/center-specific dietary patterns (3 of 18) were statistically significantly associated with diabetes incidence in this multicountry European study population. One pattern, whose association with diabetes was confirmed across other countries, showed overlaps in the food groups potatoes and processed meat with identified diabetes-associated dietary patterns from other studies. The study demonstrates that replication of associations of exploratory patterns with health outcomes is feasible and a necessary step to overcome population-specificity in associations from such analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Jannasch
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- NutriAct–Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Janine Kröger
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Valerie Cayssials
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Colorado-Yohar
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain
- Research Group on Demography and Health, National Faculty of Public Health, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Christina C Dahm
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Courtney Dow
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health [CESP], Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health [CESP], Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | | | - Timothy J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tilman Kühn
- German Cancer Research Center [DKFZ], Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cecilie Kyro
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health [CESP], Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Olatz Mokoroa
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Aalborg Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network—ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Olov Rolandsson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Citta’della Salute e della Scienza Hospital-University of Turin and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Torino, Italy
- Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Torino, Italy
| | - Mariá-José Sánchez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
| | - Mohammad Sediq Sahrai
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Ruth Schübel
- German Cancer Research Center [DKFZ], Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ivonne Sluijs
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Tammy Y N Tong
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, ‘Civile – M.P. Arezzo’ Hospital, Ragusa, Italy
- Associazone Iblea per la Ricerca Epidemiologica—Onlus, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stephen J Sharp
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
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Boateng D, Galbete C, Nicolaou M, Meeks K, Beune E, Smeeth L, Osei-Kwasi HA, Bahendeka S, Agyei-Baffour P, Mockenhaupt FP, Spranger J, Grobbee DE, Schulze MB, Stronks K, Agyemang C, Danquah I, Klipstein-Grobusch K. Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Predicted 10-Year Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Ghanaian Populations: the Research on Obesity and Diabetes in African Migrants (RODAM) Study. J Nutr 2019; 149:755-769. [PMID: 31050745 PMCID: PMC6533550 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sub-Saharan African populations are disproportionately affected by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although diet is an important lifestyle factor associated with CVD, evidence on the relation between dietary patterns (DPs) and CVD risk among sub-Saharan African populations is limited. OBJECTIVE We assessed the associations of DPs with estimated 10-y atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in Ghanaian adults in Ghana and Europe. METHODS Three DPs ('mixed'; 'rice, pasta, meat, and fish'; and 'roots, tubers, and plantain') were derived by principal component analysis (PCA) based on intake frequencies obtained by a self-administered Food Propensity Questionnaire in the multi-center, cross-sectional RODAM (Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants) study. The 10-y ASCVD risk was estimated using the Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE) for 2976 subjects, aged 40-70 y; a risk score ≥7.5% was defined as 'elevated' ASCVD risk. The associations of DPs with 10-y ASCVD risk were determined using Poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS Stronger adherence to a 'mixed' DP was associated with a lower predicted 10-y ASCVD in urban and rural Ghana and a higher 10-y ASCVD in Europe. The observed associations were attenuated after adjustment for possible confounders with the exception of urban Ghana (prevalence ratio [PR] for Quintile 5 compared with 1: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.93, P-trend = 0.013). The 'rice, pasta, meat, and fish' DP was inversely associated with 10-y ASCVD across all study sites, with the adjusted effect being significant only in urban Ghana. A 'roots, tubers, and plantain' DP was directly associated with increased 10-y ASCVD risk. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to 'mixed' and 'rice, pasta, meat, and fish' DPs appears to reduce predicted 10-y ASCVD risk in adults in urban Ghana. Further investigations are needed to understand the underlying contextual-level mechanisms that influence dietary habits and to support context-specific dietary recommendations for CVD prevention among sub-Saharan African populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Boateng
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands,School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana,Address correspondence to DB (e-mail: )
| | - Cecilia Galbete
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Mary Nicolaou
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karlijn Meeks
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Beune
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liam Smeeth
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hibbah Araba Osei-Kwasi
- Public Health Section, School of Health and Related Research–ScHARR, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom,Department of Clinical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter Agyei-Baffour
- School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Frank P Mockenhaupt
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Diederick E Grobbee
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Karien Stronks
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ina Danquah
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Cabral D, Cunha LM, Vaz de Almeida MD. Food choice and food consumption frequency of Cape Verde inhabitants. Appetite 2019; 139:26-34. [PMID: 30974180 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The knowledge of the food pattern of a population is crucial for establishing nutritional and epidemiological profiles, as well as for controlling the market of foodstuffs and to help in the management of stock of staple foods. This study aims to evaluate food consumption and its association with the underlying motives for consumers' food choices, through the application of a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) followed by a Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ). Face to face interviews were conducted with 503 participants, recruited at their homes, workplaces, health centers and other central locations in Cape Verde, only including subjects aged ≥18 years, without a self-reported history of chronic diseases. Food frequency analysis, as well as exploratory factorial analysis (EFA) were used to determine dietary patterns and nonparametric statistical tests for comparisons and associations of variables. The EFA yielded 4 patterns termed as: "Traditional", "Western", "Balanced" and "Energetic". Using an FCQ structure of 9 factors, three different groups were obtained from hierarchical clustering. (Cabral, de Almeida, & Cunha, 2017). The results show that Cape Verdean inhabitants follow global diet trends (towards the so-called "westernization"), however, in a more moderate rate if compared to other developing country populations. Consuming "junk food" is infrequent in Cape Verde, which appears to be due to limited availability and accessibility of this type of food. The rural coastal population remains more attached to traditional foods, consuming local products and traditional dishes, whereas in the urban population, one may notice the "westernization" of consumption. The application of an FFQ in combination with the FCQ provided in-depth information on eating attitudes and behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diva Cabral
- GreenUPorto & LAQV-REQUIMTE, DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, R. da Agrária 747, 4485-646, Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Luís Miguel Cunha
- GreenUPorto & LAQV-REQUIMTE, DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, R. da Agrária 747, 4485-646, Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Maria Daniel Vaz de Almeida
- GreenUPorto, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, R. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
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Murakami K, Shinozaki N, Fujiwara A, Yuan X, Hashimoto A, Fujihashi H, Wang HC, Livingstone MBE, Sasaki S. A Systematic Review of Principal Component Analysis-Derived Dietary Patterns in Japanese Adults: Are Major Dietary Patterns Reproducible Within a Country? Adv Nutr 2019; 10:237-249. [PMID: 30785205 PMCID: PMC6416039 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Principal component analysis (PCA) has been widely used in nutritional epidemiology to derive dietary patterns. However, although PCA-derived dietary patterns are population-dependent, their reproducibility in different populations is largely unexplored. We aimed to investigate whether major dietary patterns are consistently identified among different populations within a country and, if so, how similar these dietary patterns are. We conducted a systematic review of PCA-derived dietary patterns in Japanese adults using PubMed and Web of Science for English articles and Ichushi-Web and CiNii databases for Japanese articles. We assessed the reproducibility of major dietary patterns using congruence coefficients (CCs), with values ≥0.80 considered to represent fair similarity. From 65 articles (80 studies) included in this review, 285 different dietary patterns were identified. Based on the names of these patterns, major dietary patterns were Western (n = 34), Japanese (n = 12), traditional (n = 10), traditional Japanese (n = 9), healthy (n = 18), and prudent (n = 9) patterns. When assessment was limited to high-quality data (i.e., studies based on a sample size ≥200 and use of a validated dietary assessment questionnaire or multiple-day dietary record), the median CC was low for Western (0.44), traditional (0.59), and traditional Japanese (0.31) patterns. Conversely, the median CC was 0.89 for healthy, 0.86 for prudent, and 0.80 for Japanese patterns; and the proportion of pairs with a CC ≥0.80 was 87.3%, 64.3%, and 50.0%, respectively. Characteristics shared among these 3 dietary patterns included higher intakes of mushrooms, seaweeds, vegetables, potatoes, fruits, pulses, and pickles. In conclusion, this systematic review showed that some of the major dietary patterns are relatively reproducible in different populations within a country, whereas others are not. This highlights the importance of careful interpretation of PCA-derived dietary patterns. Our findings in Japan should be confirmed in different countries and globally. This study was registered at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ as CRD42018087669.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Murakami
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Address correspondence to KM (e-mail: )
| | - Nana Shinozaki
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Fujiwara
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Hashimoto
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Fujihashi
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Han-Chieh Wang
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Barbara E Livingstone
- Nutrition Innovation Center for Food and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Satoshi Sasaki
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Nasreddine L, Shatila H, Itani L, Hwalla N, Jomaa L, Naja F. A traditional dietary pattern is associated with lower odds of overweight and obesity among preschool children in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Nutr 2019; 58:91-102. [PMID: 29127474 PMCID: PMC6424947 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1574-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The high burden of preschool overweight in the Middle East and North Africa highlights the need for rigorous investigations of its determinants. This study aims at identifying dietary patterns amongst preschoolers in Lebanon and assessing their association with overweight and obesity. METHODS A national cross-sectional survey was conducted amongst 2-5-year-old children (n = 525). Socio-demographic, dietary, lifestyle and anthropometric variables were collected. Dietary patterns were derived by factor analysis. Overweight/obesity was defined based on the World Health Organization 2006 criteria (BMI-for-age z-score > + 2). RESULTS Two patterns, "Fast Food and Sweets" and "Traditional Lebanese", were identified. The "Fast Food and Sweets" pattern was characterized by higher consumption of sweetened beverages, fast foods, salty snacks and sweets. The "Traditional Lebanese" was driven by higher intakes of cereals, dairy products, fruits and vegetables. Children belonging to the 3rd tertile of the Traditional pattern scores had significantly lower odds of overweight/obesity compared to the 1st tertile (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.11, 0.97). Higher maternal education and higher frequency of eating with family predicted adherence to the traditional pattern, while the presence of a household helper was a negative determinant. Adherence to the Fast Food and Sweets pattern was positively associated with the child's age, and negatively associated with female gender and maternal education. CONCLUSIONS The "Traditional Lebanese" pattern was associated with decreased risk of preschool overweight. Policies aiming at re-anchoring this traditional dietary pattern in contemporary lifestyles may be developed as potential preventive strategies against overweight in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Nasreddine
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. BOX 11-0.236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020, Lebanon
- Nutrition, Obesity and Related Diseases (NORD), Office of Strategic Health Initiatives, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiba Shatila
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. BOX 11-0.236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Leila Itani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. BOX 11-5020, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072809, Lebanon
| | - Nahla Hwalla
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. BOX 11-0.236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020, Lebanon
- Nutrition, Obesity and Related Diseases (NORD), Office of Strategic Health Initiatives, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lamis Jomaa
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. BOX 11-0.236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020, Lebanon.
- Nutrition, Obesity and Related Diseases (NORD), Office of Strategic Health Initiatives, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Farah Naja
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. BOX 11-0.236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020, Lebanon.
- Nutrition, Obesity and Related Diseases (NORD), Office of Strategic Health Initiatives, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Parents' Reports of Preschoolers' Diets: Relative Validity of a Food Frequency Questionnaire and Dietary Patterns. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11010159. [PMID: 30642103 PMCID: PMC6356196 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The accurate assessment of food consumption is crucial in nutritional studies. Since modern nutrition science has become more interested in diet as a whole, studies validating food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and exploratory dietary patterns are needed. We aimed at examining the relative validity of a 47-item FFQ against three-day food records among three- to six-year-old Finnish children, as well as investigating the consistency of the dietary patterns derived using the principal component analysis (PCA), with food record and FFQ data as inputs. We conducted the PCA without forcing the food record data to match the FFQ items. Altogether, 75% or more of the participants were classified into the same or adjacent quarter of vegetables and fruits as well as sugary food consumption. Furthermore, the intake of folate and vitamin C increased linearly in the quarters of vegetable and fruit consumption, as did the intake of sucrose in quarters of sugary food consumption. Three fairly similar dietary patterns were identified from food records and FFQ data. Concerning the patterns, more than 70% of the participants were classified into the same or adjacent quarter. However, the Spearman correlation coefficients between the respective pattern scores were low (0.25–0.33). The FFQ showed acceptable validity when ranking food group consumption compared to food records. Additionally, the FFQ-derived dietary patterns were consistent with those derived using food record data.
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Dietary Patterns and Association with Obesity of Children Aged 6⁻17 Years in Medium and Small Cities in China: Findings from the CNHS 2010⁻2012. Nutrients 2018; 11:nu11010003. [PMID: 30577428 PMCID: PMC6356437 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is associated with both near- and longer-term health implications. Few studies have been conducted to explore the associations between dietary patterns and obesity among Chinese children and adolescents. The present study was designed to identify dietary patterns and their relationships with childhood obesity in medium and small cities. This is a cross-sectional study of children participants aged 6⁻17 years old in the 2010⁻2012 China Nutrition and Health Survey (CNHS). Socio-demographics, life-style, physical activity, anthropometric variables, and hundred-item food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were collected. Household income was classified as low, middle, and high. Traffic tools, from non-advanced to advanced, included walking, biking, bus, and car. Dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis of data from FFQs. Two dietary patterns were identified: a Westernized pattern (i.e., high cakes, snacks, sugary beverages, aquatic products, red meat, fruits, and nuts) and a Traditional Chinese pattern (i.e., high cereals, tubers, legumes, fried cereal food, and vegetables). The Westernized pattern was positively correlated with energy intake, household income, traffic tools, and negative correlated with age and housework time. The Traditional Chinese pattern was positively correlated with age, energy intake, and housework time, and negatively correlated with household income and traffic tools. After adjusting for confounding factors, the Westernized pattern was found to be associated with BMI increment, yielding β coefficients (95% confidence interval, 95% CI) of 0.57 (0.40, 0.85) for the fourth quartile. In addition, the Westernized pattern was also found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of obesity, yielding an odds ratio (OR, 95% CI) of 1.49 (1.21, 1.84) from fully-adjusted confounders. Promoting healthier eating patterns could help to prevent obesity in Chinese children. The findings of this study could be used to guide the development of evidence-based preventive nutrition interventions to curb childhood obesity epidemic in small⁻medium cities in China.
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Dietary Patterns, Bone Mineral Density, and Risk of Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121922. [PMID: 30563066 PMCID: PMC6316557 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to assess the evidence on the relation between dietary patterns, bone mineral density (BMD), and risk of fracture in different age groups. Medline and Embase were searched for articles that identified dietary patterns and related these to BMD or risk of fracture through May 2018. Multivariable adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) comparing the lowest and highest categories of dietary pattern were combined by using a random effects meta-analysis. In total, 31 studies were selected for review, including 18 cohorts, 1 case-control, and 12 cross-sectional studies, in the meta-analysis of Prudent/healthy and Western/unhealthy dietary pattern, BMD, and risk of fracture. There was evidence of a lower risk of fracture when intakes in the highest categories were compared with the lowest categories of Prudent/healthy dietary pattern (OR = 0.81; 95%CI: 0.69, 0.95; p = 0.01). In contrast, when intakes in the highest categories were compared with the lowest categories of Western/unhealthy dietary pattern, a greater risk of fracture (OR = 1.10; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.19; p = 0.01) was observed among men. The present systematic review and meta-analysis provides evidence of an inverse association between a Prudent/healthy dietary pattern and risk of low BMD and a positive relation between Western/unhealthy dietary pattern and risk of low BMD.
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