1
|
Hong L, Huang Y, Han J, Li S, Zhang L, Jiang S, Zhou Q, Cao X, Yu W, Yang Y, Hong S, Zhou Y, Yan W, Cao Y. Dynamics and Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota, Metabolome, and Fecal Calprotectin in Very Preterm Infants: Insights into Feeding Intolerance. Nutrients 2023; 15:4849. [PMID: 38004243 PMCID: PMC10674500 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Feeding intolerance (FI) is a significant concern in the care of preterm infants, impacting their growth and development. We previously reported that FI is linked to lower fecal calprotectin (FC) levels. This study aims to explore the postnatal dynamics and interplay between microbiota, metabolic profiles, and host immunity in preterm infants with and without FI. METHODS Infants with gestational age <32 weeks or birth weight <1500 g were enrolled at the Children's Hospital of Fudan University between January 2018 and October 2020. Weekly fecal samples were analyzed for bacterial profiling, metabolome, and calprotectin levels, exploring their longitudinal development and interrelationships. RESULTS Of the 118 very preterm infants studied, 48 showed FI. These infants experienced an interrupted microbial-immune trajectory, particularly at 3-4 weeks of age, marked by a reduced bacterial abundance, alpha diversity, and FC levels. Metabolic changes in FI were pronounced between 3 and 6 weeks. Pantothenic acid and two polyamine metabolites were closely associated with bacterial abundance and FC levels and negatively correlated with the duration to attain full enteral feeding. CONCLUSIONS FI infants demonstrated compromised microbiome-immune interactions, potentially influenced by specific metabolites. This research underscored the importance of early microbial and metabolic development in the pathogenesis of FI in very preterm infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luyang Hong
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Yihuang Huang
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Junyan Han
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Shujuan Li
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Siyuan Jiang
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Xincheng Cao
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Weiyin Yu
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Yi Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China; (Y.Y.)
| | - Shangyu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China; (Y.Y.)
| | - Weili Yan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Yun Cao
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China; (Y.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tamba RP, Moenadjat Y. Oral Spermine Supplementation in Gestated Rabbit: A Study on Villi Height of Immature Intestines. Front Surg 2021; 8:721560. [PMID: 34568418 PMCID: PMC8459681 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.721560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Immature intestines are the major problem in prematurity. Postnatal oral spermine has been shown in studies to improve intestinal maturation in rats and piglets. This study aimed to find out the efficacy of spermine in rabbits during gestation. Method: An experimental study was done in an unblinded, randomized manner on those treated with and without spermine administration. A morphological examination of hematoxylin-eosin-stained villi was performed under a light microscope with a focus on villi height. Data were subjected to analysis. Results: The median of the spermine-treated group was found to be higher at 24, 26, and 28 days than the non-spermine group, but was not significantly different. Conclusion: Oral spermine supplementation during gestation might improve intestinal villi height in immature rabbit intestines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riana Pauline Tamba
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sánchez C, Franco L, Regal P, Lamas A, Cepeda A, Fente C. Breast Milk: A Source of Functional Compounds with Potential Application in Nutrition and Therapy. Nutrients 2021; 13:1026. [PMID: 33810073 PMCID: PMC8005182 DOI: 10.3390/nu13031026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast milk is an unbeatable food that covers all the nutritional requirements of an infant in its different stages of growth up to six months after birth. In addition, breastfeeding benefits both maternal and child health. Increasing knowledge has been acquired regarding the composition of breast milk. Epidemiological studies and epigenetics allow us to understand the possible lifelong effects of breastfeeding. In this review we have compiled some of the components with clear functional activity that are present in human milk and the processes through which they promote infant development and maturation as well as modulate immunity. Milk fat globule membrane, proteins, oligosaccharides, growth factors, milk exosomes, or microorganisms are functional components to use in infant formulas, any other food products, nutritional supplements, nutraceuticals, or even for the development of new clinical therapies. The clinical evaluation of these compounds and their commercial exploitation are limited by the difficulty of isolating and producing them on an adequate scale. In this work we focus on the compounds produced using milk components from other species such as bovine, transgenic cattle capable of expressing components of human breast milk or microbial culture engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sánchez
- Pharmacy Faculty, San Pablo-CEU University, 28003 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Luis Franco
- Medicine Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Patricia Regal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (P.R.); (A.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Alexandre Lamas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (P.R.); (A.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Alberto Cepeda
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (P.R.); (A.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Cristina Fente
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (P.R.); (A.L.); (A.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Madeo F, Eisenberg T, Pietrocola F, Kroemer G. Spermidine in health and disease. Science 2018; 359:359/6374/eaan2788. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aan2788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
5
|
Effect of oral polyamine supplementation pre-weaning on piglet growth and intestinal characteristics. Animal 2016; 10:1655-9. [PMID: 26997172 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731116000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A high proportion of piglets fail to adapt to the changing composition of their diet at weaning, resulting in weight loss and increased susceptibility to pathogens. Polyamines are present in sow milk and promote neonatal maturation of the gut. We hypothesised that oral spermine and spermidine supplementation before weaning would increase piglet growth and promote gastrointestinal development at weaning. In Experiment One, one pair of liveweight (LW)-matched piglets per litter from first and third lactation sows received 2 ml of a 0 (Control) or 463 nmol/ml spermine solution at 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 days of age (n=6 piglets/treatment per parity). Villus height and crypt depth in the duodenum and jejunum were measured at weaning (day 23 postpartum). In Experiment Two, piglets suckling 18 first and 18 third lactation sows were used. Within each litter, piglets received 2 ml of either water (Control), 463 nmol/ml spermine solution or 2013 nmol/ml spermidine solution at 14, 16, 18, 22 and 24 days of age (n=54 piglets/treatment per sow parity). Piglets were weighed individually at 14, 18, 24 (weaning) and 61 days of age. In Experiment One, oral spermine supplementation resulted in a 41% increase in villus height, a 21% decrease in crypt depth and 79% decrease in the villus height : crypt depth ratio compared with control piglets (P<0.01). In Experiment Two, spermine and spermidine-supplemented piglets suckling first lactation sows grew faster (P<0.05) between days 14 and 18 postpartum than control piglets: 0.230±0.011 and 0.227±0.012 v. 0.183±0.012 kg/day, respectively. Spermine supplementation tended (P<0.1) to increase piglet LW gain from weaning to day 37 post-weaning compared with control piglets (0.373±0.009 v. 0.341±0.010 kg/day). In conclusion, spermine supplementation increased villus height at weaning, and appears to have the potential to improve the pre- and post-weaning growth of conventionally weaned piglets.
Collapse
|
6
|
Rogers AC, McDermott FD, Mohan HM, O'Connell PR, Winter DC, Baird AW. The effects of polyamines on human colonic mucosal function. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 764:157-163. [PMID: 26144376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Electrogenic ion transport in human colon is a surrogate marker for colonic mucosal function, and may be manipulated by a variety of hormonal, neural, immune and paracrine mediators. Polyamines are present in vast quantities in the colonic lumen and appear to be integral to cellular function. This study explores some of the mechanisms of polyamine action on colonic tissue through study of their effects on differential secretory pathways, as well as examining their actions on intracellular cAMP and Ca(2+) accumulation. Human colonic mucosa was mounted in Ussing chambers and treated with polyamines (spermine, spermidine and putrescine) with changes in ion transport recorded. In separate experiments colonic crypts were treated with polyamines and intracellular cAMP levels determined by ELISA and intracellular calcium concentrations were quantified by fluorescent imaging. Polyamines at physiological concentrations (1mM) exert no effects on basal mucosal chloride secretion or transepithelial electrical resistance. Polyamines inhibit electrogenic ion secretion as stimulated by forskolin (cAMP-mediated), but not carbachol (Ach-mediated). All the polyamines used in this study inhibited intracellular cAMP accumulation, according to potency (spermine>spermidine>putrescine). Spermine increased intracellular Ca(2+) in a PKC-dependent manner, likely due to its effects on the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). Polyamines act to prevent cAMP-mediated Cl(-) hypersecretion in the colon, acting through CaSR to inhibit PKC-mediated [Ca(2+)]i release from intracellular stores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailín C Rogers
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; School of Veterinary Medicine and Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Frank D McDermott
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; School of Veterinary Medicine and Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Helen M Mohan
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; School of Veterinary Medicine and Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - P Ronan O'Connell
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Desmond C Winter
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Alan W Baird
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu G, Yan T, Fang T, Jia G, Chen X, Zhao H, Wang J, Wu C. Nutrimetabolomic analysis provides new insights into spermine-induced ileum-system alterations for suckling rats. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01507c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of spermine supplementation on the ileum metabolism of suckling rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangmang Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
| | - Tao Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
| | - Tingting Fang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
| | - Gang Jia
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
| | - Hua Zhao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
| | - Jing Wang
- Maize Research Institute
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- China
| | - Caimei Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu G, Fang T, Yan T, Jia G, Zhao H, Huang Z, Chen X, Wang J, Xue B. Metabolomic strategy for the detection of metabolic effects of spermine supplementation in weaned rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:9035-9042. [PMID: 25162370 DOI: 10.1021/jf500882t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of spermine supplementation on weaned rat metabolism. A metabolomic strategy employing high-resolution (1)H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis was used to investigate rat biological responses to spermine ingestion. Rats received intragastric administration of either 0.2 or 0.4 μmol/g body weight of spermine or saline for 3 days. Plasma samples taken 48 h after the last spermine ingestion were analyzed. Spermine supplementation significantly increased the plasma levels of 1-methylhistidine, 3-hydroxybutyrate, alanine, glutamate, glycerolphosphocholine, phosphorylcholine, myo-inositol, phenylalanine, lysine, glutamine, trimethylanine, tyrosine, valine, formate, glucose, and lipids. These results suggest that spermine ingestion can alter common systemic metabolic processes, including cell membrane metabolism, lipid metabolism, glucose-alanine cycle metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and gut microbiota metabolism. This study also shows the important role of spermine administration in modulating the metabolism of weaned rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangmang Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Polyamine supplementation in infant formula: Influence on lymphocyte populations and immune system-related gene expression in a Balb/cOlaHsd mouse model. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
10
|
Resembling breast milk: influence of polyamine-supplemented formula on neonatal BALB/cOlaHsd mouse microbiota. Br J Nutr 2013; 111:1050-8. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114513003565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Infant microbiota is influenced by numerous factors, such as delivery mode, environment, prematurity and diet (breast milk or formula). In addition to its nutritional value, breast milk contains bioactive substances that drive microbial colonisation and support immune system development, which are usually not present in infant formulas. Among these substances, polyamines have been described to be essential for intestinal and immune functions in newborns. However, their effect on the establishment of microbiota remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to ascertain whether an infant formula supplemented with polyamines has an impact on microbial colonisation by modifying it to resemble that in breast-fed neonatal BALB/c mice. In a 4 d intervention, a total of sixty pups (14 d old) were randomly assigned to the following groups: (1) breast-fed group; (2) non-enriched infant formula-fed group; (3) three different groups fed an infant formula enriched with increasing concentrations of polyamines (mixture of putrescine, spermidine and spermine), following the proportions found in human milk. Microbial composition in the contents of the oral cavity, stomach and small and large intestines was analysed by quantitative PCR targeted at fourteen bacterial genera and species. Significantly different (P< 0·05) microbial colonisation patterns were observed in the entire gastrointestinal tract of the breast-fed and formula-fed mice. In addition, our findings demonstrate that supplementation of polyamines regulates the amounts of total bacteria,Akkermansia muciniphila,Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium,Bacteroides–PrevotellaandClostridiumgroups to levels found in the breast-fed group. Such an effect requires further investigation in human infants, as supplementation of an infant formula with polyamines might contribute to healthy gastrointestinal tract development.
Collapse
|
11
|
Atiya Ali M, Strandvik B, Sabel KG, Palme Kilander C, Strömberg R, Yngve A. Polyamine levels in breast milk are associated with mothers' dietary intake and are higher in preterm than full-term human milk and formulas. J Hum Nutr Diet 2013; 27:459-67. [PMID: 23992093 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyamine intake from milk is considered essential for post-natal maturation of the immune system and small intestine. The present study aimed to determine polyamine content in human milk after preterm delivery and the association with mothers' dietary intake. In comparison, the polyamine levels were compared with those in term breast milk and some corresponding formulas. METHODS Transitional breast milk was collected from 40 mothers delivering after 24-36 weeks of gestation, and from 12 mothers delivering after full term. Food intake was assessed in mothers delivering preterm babies using a 3-day diary. Polyamines were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS The dietary intake of polyamines was significantly associated with breast milk content but weaker for spermine than for spermidine and putrescine. Total polyamine level was higher in preterm than term milk and lower in the corresponding formulas. Putrescine, spermidine and spermine contents [mean (SEM)] in preterm milk were 165.6 (25), 615.5 (80) and 167.7 (16) nmol dL⁻¹, respectively, with the levels of putrescine and spermidine being 50% and 25% higher than in term milk. The content of spermine did not differ. CONCLUSIONS Dietary intake of polyamines has an impact on the content in breast milk. The difference between human milk after preterm and term delivery might be considered when using donor human milk for preterm infants. The corresponding formulas had lower contents. Further studies are important for determining the relationship between tissue growth and maturation and optimal intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Atiya Ali
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ali MA, Strandvik B, Palme-Kilander C, Yngve A. Lower polyamine levels in breast milk of obese mothers compared to mothers with normal body weight. J Hum Nutr Diet 2013; 26 Suppl 1:164-70. [PMID: 23627874 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with risks for mother and infant, and the mothers' dietary habits influence breast milk composition. Polyamines are secreted in breast milk and are essential for the regulation of intestinal and immune function in newborns and infants. The present study aimed to investigate the level of polyamines in human milk obtained from obese and normal weight mothers at different times of lactation. METHODS Breast milk from 50 mothers was obtained at day 3, and at 1 and 2 months after delivery. The mothers had normal body weight [body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg m(-2) ] or were obese (BMI > 30 kg/m(2) ). A subgroup of obese mothers participated in a weight reduction programme during pregnancy. Polyamines were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS The total polyamine content was significantly lower at all times in breast milk from obese mothers compared to milk from controls. Spermine levels did not differ between groups at any time in contrast to the levels of putrescine and spermidine. Putrescine concentrations were highest on day 3 and spermidine and spermine were highest at 1 month of lactation. The obese mothers, who received dietary advice during pregnancy based on the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations, had higher concentrations of putrescine and spermidine in their milk than the obese mothers without any intervention. CONCLUSIONS Polyamine concentrations were lower in breast milk from obese mothers compared to mothers with a normal weight. General dietary intervention in obese mothers increased the polyamine levels, suggesting that the low levels in obesity were at least partly associated with food habits. However, the consistency of spermine suggests a special metabolic function of this polyamine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Atiya Ali
- Unit for Public Health Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, NOVUM, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gómez-Gallego C, Collado MC, Ilo T, Jaakkola UM, Bernal MJ, Periago MJ, Salminen S, Ros G, Frias R. Infant formula supplemented with polyamines alters the intestinal microbiota in neonatal BALB/cOlaHsd mice. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 23:1508-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
14
|
Sugita Y, Takao K, Sugino Y, Kuwabara R, Shirahata A. Enhancement of gastrointestinal absorption of ovalbumin caused by spermine induces an increase in plasma histamine levels in mice sensitized to ovalbumin. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:415-9. [PMID: 21372394 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether a spermine (SPM)-induced increase in gastrointestinal absorption of an allergen leads to an anaphylactic response in sensitized mice. First, we examined the enhancing effect of SPM on the gastrointestinal absorption of ovalbumin (OVA) in an in situ jejunum loop study in rats and an in vivo oral absorption study in mice. Second, we investigated whether enhancement of gastrointestinal absorption of OVA caused by SPM induces an anaphylactic response in mice sensitized to OVA. In the in situ jejunum loop study in rats, a significant amount of immune-reactive OVA was detected in the plasma after co-administration of OVA and SPM. Oral co-administration of OVA and SPM to mice in vivo also increased plasma OVA concentrations in an SPM dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, in sensitized mice, a significant increase in plasma histamine levels occurred along with the increase in plasma OVA levels after co-administration of OVA with SPM. This finding suggests that an SPM-induced increase in gastrointestinal absorption of OVA leads to an anaphylactic response. These results indicate that excess oral ingestion of SPM may have widespread health effects, including the induction of food allergies, via modulation of the function of the gastrointestinal epithelial barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Sugita
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350–0295, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pérez-Cano FJ, González-Castro A, Castellote C, Franch A, Castell M. Influence of breast milk polyamines on suckling rat immune system maturation. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 34:210-218. [PMID: 19825390 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2009.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Revised: 10/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to ascertain whether the supplementation of polyamines present in breast milk, i.e. spermine (SPM) and spermidine (SPD), influenced the post-natal maturation of the systemic and intestinal immune system in rats. From birth, pups daily received SPM or SPD. At 5, 11 and 18 days old, small intestine intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL) and splenocytes were phenotypically characterized. SPM and, less evidently, SPD accelerated the maturation of CD8+ IEL, and enhanced the presence of intraepithelial NK cells and IEL related with specific immune responses on the proximal and distal small intestine, respectively. Polyamines increased the percentage of more mature CD4+ LPL and enhanced the early presence of splenic B cells and, later, that of NK cells. However, no effect on Ig-secretory function was detected. These results suggest that breast milk polyamines improve the maturation of the rat intestinal and systemic immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Pérez-Cano
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sabater-Molina M, Larqué E, Torrella F, Plaza J, Lozano T, Muñoz A, Zamora S. Effects of dietary polyamines at physiologic doses in early-weaned piglets. Nutrition 2009; 25:940-6. [PMID: 19477621 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2009.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 01/17/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polyamines are essential for many cell functions, and they form part of the composition of maternal milk; despite this, their addition to infant formulas is currently under evaluation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of milk formulas designed to resemble sow milk supplemented with polyamines at maternal physiologic milk doses on the gut maturation of early-weaned piglets. METHODS We fed 30 newborn piglets with maternal milk (n=10), a control milk formula (n=10), or a milk formula supplemented with polyamines (5 nmol/mL of spermine and 20 nmol/mL of spermidine, n=10) for 13 d (day 2 after birth through day 15). Several growth and intestinal development parameters were measured. RESULTS The piglets fed the formula containing polyamine at physiologic doses showed significantly increased crypt depth in the small intestine compared with those fed with the control formula. Villus length was correlated to crypt depth. Although there were no differences in the disaccharidase activities between the animals fed the two formulas, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase activities tended to be higher in the jejunum of those fed the polyamine-supplemented diet. Dietary polyamines did not significantly modify the gut mucosal concentrations of putrescine, spermine, or spermidine. CONCLUSION Milk formulas supplemented with polyamines at maternal milk physiologic doses slightly enhanced gut growth and maturation in neonatal piglets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Sabater-Molina
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Owing to their high turnover, the intestinal mucosal cells have a particularly high requirement for polyamines. Therefore, they are an excellent charcol for the study of polyamine function in rapid physiological growth and differentiation. After a cursory introduction to the major aspects of polyamine metabolism, regulation, and mode of action, we discuss the contribution of the polyamines to the maintenance of normal gut function, the maturation of the intestinal mucosa, and its repair after injuries. Repletion of cellular polyamine pools with (D,L)-2-(difluoromethyl)ornithine has considerably improved our understanding of how the polyamines are involved in the regulation of normal and neoplastic growth. Unfortunately, the attempts to exploit polyamine metabolism as a cancer therapeutic target have not yet been successful. However, the selective inactivation of ornithine decarboxylase appears to be a promising chemopreventive method in familial adenomatous polyposis. Presumably, it relies on the fact that ornithine decarboxylase is a critical regulator of the proliferative response of the protooncogene c-myc, but not of its apoptotic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Seiler
- INSERM U682, Université Louis Pasteur EA3430, Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Nutritional Cancer Prevention, IRCAD, Strasbourg, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sugita Y, Takao K, Toyama Y, Shirahata A. Enhancement of intestinal absorption of macromolecules by spermine in rats. Amino Acids 2007; 33:253-60. [PMID: 17653818 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-007-0532-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2006] [Accepted: 02/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the enhancing effect of polyamines on intestinal absorption of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran (MW 4400, FD-4) in the in situ loop study and in vivo oral absorption study. Absorption of FD-4 from the jejunum was significantly enhanced by 5 mM spermine without serious membrane damage in the jejunum. An in vivo oral absorption study was also performed, and plasma FD-4 levels increased significantly after co-administration of 30 mM spermine. In the in vitro transport studies with Caco-2 cells, prolonged incubation with spermine resulted in a gradual decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance. This finding suggests that the absorption-enhancing mechanism of spermine partly includes opening the tight junctions of the epithelium via the paracellular route. These results indicate that excess oral ingestion of polyamines may have widespread health effects via the modulation of the intestinal epithelial barrier function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sugita
- Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cheng ZB, Li DF, Xing JJ, Guo XY, Li ZJ. Oral administration of spermine advances intestinal maturation in sucking piglets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1079/asc200690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of orally administered spermine at various doses on intestinal maturation in sucking piglets. Thirty-six 11-day-old sucking piglets were assigned randomly to one of six treatments to receive via a stomach tube 0, 0·1, 0·2, 0·3, 0·4, or 0·5 mmol spermine per kg live weight (LW) per day for 3 days. At day 14 of age, duodenum, jejunum and ileum were obtained for biochemical and morphological analysis. Increasing the dose of orally administered spermine increased intestinal weight (linear effect, P<0·01), mucosal weight (linear effect, P<0·05), and mucosal protein, DNA and RNA contents of the duodenum (linear effect, P≤0·01) and jejunum (linear effect, P<0·01). Elevating spermine doses also enhanced (linear effect, P≤0·02) the specific activities of maltase and sucrase but decreased (linear effect, P<0·01) lactase specific activity in the jejunum and duodenum. Furthermore, augmenting oral doses of spermine increased crypt depth and villus width but reduced villus height in the jejunum (linear effect, P<0·05) and duodenum (linear effect, P<0·01). For most measurements, the effects were observed at the oral spermine doses of 0·3 to 0·5 mmol/kg LW per day. Collectively, the results show that oral administration of optimal doses of spermine to 11-day-old sucking piglets induces precocious intestinal maturation and promotes intestinal growth.
Collapse
|
20
|
Larqué E, Sabater-Molina M, Zamora S. Biological significance of dietary polyamines. Nutrition 2006; 23:87-95. [PMID: 17113752 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2006.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2006] [Revised: 09/15/2006] [Accepted: 09/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines are classically known by their names of putrescine, spermine, and spermidine. They are synthesized endogenously from ornithine and are interconvertible. In addition, an exogenous supply of polyamines is provided by dietary intake and by intestinal absorption from the products of bacterial metabolism. Polyamine uptake occurs almost entirely in the gut, and afterward the various forms are metabolized in different tissues under the strict regulation of ornithine decarboxylase, which is the first enzyme involved in their synthesis. Polyamines are eliminated from the organism by means of oxidation reactions, appearing in urine in all their metabolic forms. Polyamines play an important role in regulating cell growth and proliferation, the stabilization of negative charges of DNA, RNA transcription, protein synthesis, apoptosis, and the regulation of the immune response. They are components of breast milk and might be important in neonatal gut maturation, for which reason the possible supplementation of infant formulas with these compounds is under study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Larqué
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gharbi M, Powroznik B, Mazzucchelli G, Deville C, Nollevaux G, Rusu D, Dandrifosse G, Peulen O. Modulation of intestinal urea cycle by dietary spermine in suckling rat. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 336:1119-24. [PMID: 16168957 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2005] [Accepted: 08/30/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Argininosuccinate synthetase, an ubiquitous enzyme in mammals, catalyses the formation of argininosuccinate, the precursor of arginine. Arginine is recognised as an essential amino acid in foetuses and neonates, but also as a conditionally essential amino acid in adults. Argininosuccinate synthetase is initially expressed in enterocytes during the developmental period, it disappeared from this organ then appeared in the kidneys. Although the importance of both intestinal and renal argininosuccinate synthetases has been recognised for a long time, nutrients have not yet been identified as inducers of the gene expression. In the context of a proteomic screening of intestinal modifications induced by dietary spermine in suckling rats, we showed that argininosuccinate synthetase and carbamoyl phosphate synthase disappeared from enterocytes after this treatment. The disappearance of argininosuccinate synthetase in small intestine was confirmed by immunodetection. Expression of carbamoyl phosphate synthase and argininosuccinate synthetase coding genes decreased also after spermine administration. Expression of other urea cycle enzyme coding genes was modulated by spermine administration: argininosuccinate lyase decreased and arginase increased. Our results fit with the developmental variation of argininosuccinate synthetase and carbamoyl phosphate synthase. Modulation of the gene expression for several urea cycle enzymes suggests a coordination between all the pathway steps and switch toward polyamine (or proline and glutamate) biosynthesis from ornithine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Gharbi
- Department of Biochemistry and General Physiology, Immunology Center, University of Liège, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shaoul R, Hong D, Okada Y, Cutz E, Marcon MA. Lineage development in a patient without goblet, paneth, and enteroendocrine cells: a clue for intestinal epithelial differentiation. Pediatr Res 2005; 58:492-8. [PMID: 16148062 DOI: 10.1203/01.pdr.0000179408.74781.c9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We report a patient who presented with severe enterocolitis and apparent absence of Paneth, goblet, and enteroendocrine lineages from the small bowel and colon. The absorptive enterocyte seemed to be normal morphologically and functionally. Because normal enterocytes were present, we hypothesized that this patient had a developmental block in the differentiation of a common stem cell precursor for Paneth, goblet, and neuroendocrine lineages. By using antibodies to protein markers of each cell line, including some that are expressed early in the differentiation process, we aimed to study lineage development in this patient. From our data, we surmise that there may be a two-step process in lineage commitment. The stem cell may commit to an absorptive cell or a granule-containing cell. The daughter cell that is committed to the granule lineage then further commits to a goblet, enteroendocrine, or Paneth cell lineage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ron Shaoul
- Department of Pediatrics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31048.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Powroznik B, Gharbi M, Dandrifosse G, Peulen O. Enhancement of lysozyme stability and activity by polyamines. Biochimie 2005; 86:651-6. [PMID: 15556275 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2004.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2004] [Accepted: 09/17/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Spermine, a low molecular weight polyamine, administered orally to suckling rats induces the maturation of the small intestine. In this organ, lysozyme is an important component of the innate immunity. In this report, we analysed the binding of spermine to lysozyme and its effect on thermal inactivation of the protein by spectroscopy techniques. The activity of the enzyme was analysed in presence of spermine by lysoplate technique. We studied the effects of spermine ingestion by suckling rats on intestinal lysozyme activity and gene expression. We reported that spermine binds to lysozyme and increases in vitro the thermal stability and the activity of the protein. When administered orally to suckling rats, spermine increases the lysozyme activity in jejunum, but not in ileum. This increase is not due to a modification of the gene expression. The observed effects lead us to postulate that spermine could be used in some mammals as a promoter of the innate immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Powroznik
- Department of Biochemistry and General Physiology Immunology Center, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Sart-Tilman, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Peulen O, Gharbi M, Powroznik B, Dandrifosse G. Differential effect of dietary spermine on alkaline phosphatase activity in jejunum and ileum of unweaned rats. Biochimie 2005; 86:487-93. [PMID: 15308338 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2004.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2004] [Accepted: 06/11/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Spermine is a low molecular weight polyamine involved in the postnatal maturation of the gut. When it is administered orally to suckling rats it induces the maturation of their spleen, liver, pancreas, and small intestine. We showed that this polyamine modulates differently the activity of alkaline phosphatase in jejunum and ileum in suckling rat. In 14-day-old rat which had received spermine orally for 3 days, once daily, an increase of alkaline phosphatase activity in the jejunum and a decrease of this activity in the ileum was observed. Alkaline phosphatase was located at the bottom of the villus in the control jejunum and in the whole length of the villus in spermine-treated rats. On the contrary, in ileum of controls, this enzyme was present in the whole length of the villus but disappeared in the spermine-treated animals. An enzyme mass shift was observed in the small intestine after spermine administration. Spermine administration did not change the expression of genes coding for alkaline phosphatase, suggesting a post-transcriptional modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Peulen
- Department of Biochemistry and General Physiology, Institute of Chemistry B6C, Immunology Centre, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège (Sart-Tilman), Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Peulen O, Dandrifosse G. Spermine-induced maturation in wistar rat intestine: a cytokine-dependent mechanism. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2004; 38:524-32. [PMID: 15097442 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-200405000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Polyamines are of great importance in biologic processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation. The ingestion of spermidine or spermine by suckling rats induces the precocious maturation of the small intestine. In a previous article, the authors hypothesized that this phenomenon could be mediated by interleukins. This work was performed to examine the role of IL-1, IL-2, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- alpha in the spermine-induced maturation of the small intestine. METHODS Wistar suckling rats were treated with spermine, FR167653 (inhibitor of IL-1beta/TNF-alpha production), IL-1beta/TNF-alpha neutralizing antibodies, lipopolysaccharide, or IL-2. Intestinal disaccharidase-specific activities, polyamine content, and IL-2 plasma concentration were analyzed. Comparisons were made with untreated control animals. RESULTS Spermine-induced maturation of the small intestine was decreased by FR167653 but not by the neutralizing antibodies. Lipopolysaccharide injection induced an increase in disaccharidase-specific activity. IL-2 induced a decrease of the intestinal lactase-specific activity. Spermine administration led to a similar decrease of lactase activity and to an increase of IL-2 plasma concentration. CONCLUSIONS The authors conclude that IL-1beta and TNF-alpha are involved in the spermine effects on maltase- and sucrase-specific activities and suggest that IL-2 is involved in the spermine-induced decrease of lactase activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Peulen
- University of Liege, Department of Biochemistry and General Physiology; Institute of Chemistry, Liege, Belgium
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
de Jonge WJ, Kwikkers KL, te Velde AA, van Deventer SJH, Nolte MA, Mebius RE, Ruijter JM, Lamers MC, Lamers WH. Arginine deficiency affects early B cell maturation and lymphoid organ development in transgenic mice. J Clin Invest 2002; 110:1539-48. [PMID: 12438451 PMCID: PMC151816 DOI: 10.1172/jci16143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Apart from its role in the synthesis of protein and nitric oxide (NO), and in ammonia detoxification, the amino acid arginine exerts an immunosupportive function. We have studied the role of arginine in immune defense mechanisms in the developing postnatal immune system. In suckling mice, arginine is produced in the small intestine. In F/A-2(+/+) transgenic mice, which overexpress arginase in their enterocytes, circulating and tissue arginine concentrations are reduced to 30-35% of controls. In these mice, the development and composition of the T cell compartment did not reveal abnormalities. However, in peripheral lymphoid organs and the small intestine, B cell cellularity and the number and size of Peyer's patches were drastically reduced, and serum IgM levels were significantly decreased. These phenotypes could be traced to an impaired transition from the pro- to pre-B cell stage in the bone marrow. Cytokine receptor levels in the bone marrow were normal. The development of the few peripheral B cells and their proliferative response after in vitro stimulation was normal. The disturbance in B cell maturation was dependent on decreased arginine levels, as this phenotype disappeared upon arginine supplementation and was not seen in NO synthase- or ornithine transcarbamoylase-deficient mice. We conclude that arginine deficiency impairs early B cell maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wouter J de Jonge
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
de Jonge WJ, Kwikkers KL, te Velde AA, van Deventer SJ, Nolte MA, Mebius RE, Ruijter JM, Lamers MC, Lamers WH. Arginine deficiency affects early B cell maturation and lymphoid organ development in transgenic mice. J Clin Invest 2002. [DOI: 10.1172/jci0216143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
28
|
McLarnon SJ, Riccardi D. Physiological and pharmacological agonists of the extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptor. Eur J Pharmacol 2002; 447:271-8. [PMID: 12151018 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(02)01849-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular Ca(2+) concentration [Ca(2+)](o) is vital for a number of processes varying from blood clotting to regulation membrane permeability and excitability. For this reason [Ca(2+)](o) is under strict control of a complex homeostatic system that includes parathyroid glands, kidneys, bones and intestine. The extracellular Ca(2+)-sensing receptor is an essential component of this system, regulating parathyroid hormone secretion, Ca(2+) (and Mg(2+)) excretion by the kidney, bone remodeling and Ca(2+) reabsorption by the gastrointestinal tract. The Ca(2+)-sensing receptor is also present in organs without an obvious link with mineral ion metabolism. This review will describe the discovery of a novel class of ion-sensing receptor(s), receptor-effector coupling and the roles of the Ca(2+)-sensing receptor inside and outside the Ca(2+)(o) homeostatic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J McLarnon
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, G.38 Stopford Bg., Oxford Rd., Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Biol-N'Garagba MC, Greco S, George P, Hugueny I, Louisot P. Polyamine participation in the maturation of glycoprotein fucosylation, but not sialylation, in rat small intestine. Pediatr Res 2002; 51:625-34. [PMID: 11978888 DOI: 10.1203/00006450-200205000-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the role of polyamines in the diet-related maturation of the intestinal glycoprotein glycosylation during postnatal development in the rat. The activity of alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase and the sialylated forms of glycoproteins in the intestinal brush-border membranes were found to decrease considerably after weaning, in parallel with the intestinal level of putrescine. By contrast, the activity of alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferases, the mRNA levels for two alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase genes, FTA and FTB, and the fucosylated forms of glycoproteins all increased after weaning, in parallel with the levels of spermidine and spermine. These results suggest a possible role of polyamines in the evolution of glycosylation. The treatment of suckling rats with spermidine or spermine reproduced the high intestinal levels of these polyamines corresponding to those normally found after weaning. After these treatments, a rise in the activity of the alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase was observed, associated with a fall in alpha-L-fucosidase activity. The alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase FTB gene was found to be regulated at the transcriptional level, but not by its inhibitor, fuctinin. The result of these variations was the precocious appearance of several alpha-1,2-fucoproteins, which are normally found in brush-border membranes after weaning. The treatment of suckling rats with putrescine, which induced only a transitory rise in intestinal putrescine, had a similar but weaker effect on the fucosylation process than spermidine or spermine, and treatment with ornithine was ineffective. alpha-2,6-Sialylation was not affected by any of the treatments. Spermidine and spermine turned out to be more effective than putrescine for intestinal glycoprotein fucosylation, but did not affect their sialylation. Spermidine and spermine, whose intestinal levels where found to increase at weaning time, may have been partly responsible for the natural evolution of the intestinal glycoprotein fucosylation that occurred during this period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claire Biol-N'Garagba
- INSERM Unit U189-SDI CNRS, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Sud, Claude Bernard Lyon-1 University, Oullins, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chapter 4 Maturation of intestinal digestive and immune systems by food polyamines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1877-1823(09)70120-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
31
|
Wada M, Funada-Wada U, Mano H, Higashiguchi M, Haba R, Watanabe S, Udaka S. Effects of Dietary Polyamines on the Promotion of Mammary Tumor in Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1248/jhs.48.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Wada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | | | - Hiroshi Mano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | | | - Ryouta Haba
- Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Shew Watanabe
- Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Shigezo Udaka
- Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
This review presents the data that are now available concerning the effects of dietary polyamines at either postnatal or adult stages in non-neoplastic growth and disease. Polyamines provided by food have a potential role in growth and development of the digestive system in neonatal mammals (and fishes). In humans, this property could be of importance in preventing the appearance of food allergies. Dietary polyamines also seem necessary for the maintenance of normal growth and general properties of adult digestive tract. Their possible therapeutic effects have been investigated in gastric, intestinal, and, more recently, whole-body healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Deloyer
- Biochemistry and General Physiology Department, Chemistry Institute, Sart Tilman, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gréco S, Niepceron E, Hugueny I, George P, Louisot P, Biol MC. Dietary spermidine and spermine participate in the maturation of galactosyltransferase activity and glycoprotein galactosylation in rat small intestine. J Nutr 2001; 131:1890-7. [PMID: 11435503 DOI: 10.1093/jn/131.7.1890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study considered the role of dietary polyamines in the maturation of intestinal glycoprotein galactosylation during postnatal development. In the rat small intestine, O-glycan: beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase and N-glycan: beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase are, respectively, involved in the glycan chain biosynthesis of mucins and of glycoproteins in the brush border membranes. Their activities increase significantly at weaning, in parallel with a rise in the intestinal content of spermidine and spermine (as determined by high performance liquid chromatography) and in proportion to the polyamine increase in food intake. The oral ingestion of spermidine or spermine (at 0.4 micromol/g body) by immature suckling rats for 4 d reproduced the levels of spermine and spermidine in their intestines at the time of weaning and induced precocious and significant rises in O-glycan: and N-glycan: galactosyltransferase activities to those normally found after weaning. In parallel, more galactose residues (detected in the complex oligosaccharide chains of glycoproteins by specific lectins after electrophoresis and transfer to nitrocellulose membranes) were observed in the brush border membranes of spermidine- and spermine-treated rats. In contrast, the ingestion of putrescine or ornithine had no effect. Diets with different levels of polyamines (milks and commercial diet), when given at weaning, induced variable evolutions of the galactosylation process, partly in relation to the amounts of polyamines ingested. These results indicate that spermidine and spermine are maturation factors that can reproduce, in immature rats, the same increase in intestinal glycoprotein galactosylation that is normally observed during weaning. They also suggest that the maturation of glycoprotein galactosylation may be a multifactorial event in which spermidine and spermine are both involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Gréco
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, BP 12, 69600, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Waters WR, Frydman B, Marton LJ, Valasinas A, Reddy VK, Harp JA, Wannemuehler MJ, Yarlett N. [(1)N,(12)N]Bis(Ethyl)-cis-6,7-dehydrospermine: a new drug for treatment and prevention of Cryptosporidium parvum infection of mice deficient in T-cell receptor alpha. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44:2891-4. [PMID: 10991882 PMCID: PMC90173 DOI: 10.1128/aac.44.10.2891-2894.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium parvum infection of T-cell receptor alpha (TCR-alpha)-deficient mice results in a persistent infection. In this study, treatment with a polyamine analogue (SL-11047) prevented C. parvum infection in suckling TCR-alpha-deficient mice and cleared an existing infection in older mice. Treatment with putrescine, while capable of preventing infection, did not clear C. parvum from previously infected mice. These findings provide further evidence that polyamine metabolic pathways are targets for new anticryptosporidial chemotherapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W R Waters
- Bacterial Diseases of Livestock Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
|
36
|
Dandrifosse G, Peulen O, El Khefif N, Deloyer P, Dandrifosse AC, Grandfils C. Are milk polyamines preventive agents against food allergy? Proc Nutr Soc 2000; 59:81-6. [PMID: 10828177 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665100000100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient polyamine intake could play a role in the induction of sensitization to dietary allergens. This proposal is based essentially on investigations made in sucking rats and in children. In sucking rats it has been established that oral administration of spermine can induce all the modifications occurring in the digestive tract at weaning. In the intestine events occur in two phases. The early event consists of desquamation of the epithelium resulting from an activation of apoptosis. The late event appears to involve an hormonal cascade in which adrenocorticotropic hormone, cytokines, bombesin and corticosterone are included. Observations in human subjects show that: (1) the spermine and spermidine concentrations are generally lower in infant formulas than in human breast milk. Mothers seem consistently to have relatively high or relatively low concentrations of spermine and spermidine in their milk. These individual variations may be due to diet, lifestyle or genetic background; (2) the probability of developing allergy can reach 80 % if the mean spermine concentration in the milk is lower than 2 nmol/ml milk. It is approximately 0 % if the mean spermine concentration is higher than 13 nmol/ml milk; (3) preliminary results show that the intestinal permeability to macromolecules differs in premature babies when they are fed on breast milk compared with infant formulas (J Senterre, J Rigo, G Forget, G Dandrifosse and N Romain, unpublished results). This difference does not seem to be present when powdered milk is supplemented with polyamines at the concentration found in breast milk; (4) spermine increases proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes isolated from the tonsils of children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Dandrifosse
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Chemistry, University of Liege, Sart Tilman 4000, Liege, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
Abstract
Short bowel syndrome has significant morbidity and is potentially lethal especially when intestinal loss is extensive. The pathophysiology of short bowel syndrome, its aetiology, prognosis and our understanding of the mechanisms of adaptation are reviewed. Management by a multi-disciplinary nutritional care team is advocated and should be directed to the maintenance of growth and development, the promotion of intestinal adaptation, the prevention of complications and the establishment of enteral nutrition. The choice of enteral feed, the role of drugs and the use of pro-adaptive nutrients and agents are discussed. Complications including cholestasis and catheter related sepsis are outlined with strategies to reduce them. Finally the roles of secondary surgical interventions including transplantation are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I W Booth
- Institute of Child Health, University of Birmingham, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Peulen O, Dewé W, Dandrifosse G, Henrotay I, Romain N. The relationship between spermine content of human milk during the first postnatal month and allergy in children. Public Health Nutr 1998; 1:181-4. [PMID: 10933416 DOI: 10.1079/phn19980028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
DESIGN Qualitative case study and mathematical model. SETTING Belgium. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the correlation between the polyamine mean concentration of the milk drunk during the first postnatal month and the appearance of allergy in children who drank this milk. RESULTS A model that describes the dependence of the allergy appearance with the spermine mean concentration of milk drunk during the first postnatal month was established. CONCLUSIONS This model shows that 5.02 nmol ml(-1) of spermine is a critical value to prevent the appearance of allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Peulen
- Department of Biochemistry and General Physiology, Institute of Chemistry, University of Liege, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|