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Singh D, Maithreyi S, Taunk J, Singh MP. Physiological and proteomic characterization revealed the response mechanisms underlying aluminium tolerance in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus). PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14298. [PMID: 38685770 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) toxicity causes major plant distress, affecting root growth, nutrient uptake and, ultimately, agricultural productivity. Lentil, which is a cheap source of vegetarian protein, is recognized to be sensitive to Al toxicity. Therefore, it is important to dissect the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Al tolerance in lentil. To understand the physiological system and proteome composition underlying Al tolerance, two genotypes [L-4602 (Al-tolerant) and BM-4 (Al-sensitive)] were studied at the seedling stage. L-4602 maintained a significantly higher root tolerance index and malate secretion with reduced Al accumulation than BM-4. Also, label-free proteomic analysis using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer exhibited significant regulation of Al-responsive proteins associated with antioxidants, signal transduction, calcium homeostasis, and regulation of glycolysis in L-4602 as compared to BM-4. Functional annotation suggested that transporter proteins (transmembrane protein, adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transport-related protein and multi drug resistance protein), antioxidants associated proteins (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dependent oxidoreductase, oxidoreductase molybdopterin binding protein & peroxidases), kinases (calmodulin-domain kinase & protein kinase), and carbohydrate metabolism associated proteins (dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase) were found to be abundant in tolerant genotype providing protection against Al toxicity. Overall, the root proteome uncovered in this study at seedling stage, along with the physiological parameters measured, allow a greater understanding of Al tolerance mechanism in lentil, thereby assisting in future crop improvement programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shubhra Maithreyi
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Taunk
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Madan Pal Singh
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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2
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da Silveira Sousa Junior G, Hurtado AC, de Cassia Alves R, Gasparino EC, Dos Santos DMM. Silicon attenuates aluminum toxicity in sugarcane plants by modifying growth, roots morphoanatomy, photosynthetic pigments, and gas exchange parameters. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4717. [PMID: 38413655 PMCID: PMC10899577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53537-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) inhibits growth and limits plant productivity in acidic soils. An important strategy to increase Al tolerance is the use of silicon (Si) nutrition. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the interactive role of Si in increasing the growth, physiological and morphoanatomy responses of sugarcane plants under Al toxicity. A 4 × 2 factorial scheme in a completely randomized design was used to study the impact of Si (2 mM) on attenuating Al toxicity (0, 10, 15 and 20 mg L-1, as Al2(SO4)3·18H2O) in sugarcane seedlings. After 45 days, Al toxicity affected sugarcane growth by increasing Al uptake and accumulation, modifying root growth, thickness, and morphoanatomy, and decreasing pigment content, gas exchange parameters, and the number of adaxial and abaxial stomata. However, Si attenuated Al toxicity in the sugarcane seedlings by limiting Al uptake and transport to the shoots, causing positive changes in root morphoanatomy, higher pigment content, improving gas exchange parameters, thereby increased growth. Furthermore, cultivar 'CTC9003' showed beneficial impacts from Si supplementation than 'CTC9002', especially under Al toxicity. The findings of this study suggest that Si plays a notable role in improving anatomical and physiological aspects, particularly the growth of sugarcane seedlings under Al toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilmar da Silveira Sousa Junior
- Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Alexander Calero Hurtado
- Department of Agricultural Production Sciences-Soil and Fertilizer Sector. School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
- University of Sancti Spiritus "Jose Marti Perez" (UNISS), Comandante Fajardo, s/n, Olivos 2, 60100, Sancti Spiritus, Cuba
| | - Rita de Cassia Alves
- Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Custodio Gasparino
- Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Durvalina Maria Mathias Dos Santos
- Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
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3
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Pokharel BR, Sheri V, Kumar M, Zhang Z, Zhang B. The update and transport of aluminum nanoparticles in plants and their biochemical and molecular phototoxicity on plant growth and development: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122875. [PMID: 37931678 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
As aluminum nanoparticles (Al-NPs) are widely used in our daily life and various industries, Al-NPs has been becoming an emerging pollution in the environment. The impact of this NP has been attracting more and more attention from the scientific communities. In this review, we systematically summarized the interactions, uptake, and transport of Al-NPs in the plant system. Al-NPs can enter plants through different pathways and accumulate in various tissues, leading to alter plant growth and development. Al-NPs also affected root, shoot, and leaf characteristics as well as changing nutrient uptake and distribution and inducing oxidative stress via excess reactive radical generation, thereby impairing plant defense systems. Additionally, Al-NPs altered gene expression, which involved in various signaling pathways and metabolic processes in plants, that further altered plants susceptible or tolerant to stressors. The review also emphasized the effects of Al-NP size, surface charge, concentration, and exposure duration on plant growth and development. In the future, more research should be focused on mechanisms underlying Al-NPs phytotoxicity and potential risk to humans and off-target species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijay Sheri
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27858, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Baohong Zhang
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27858, USA.
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4
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Benitez-Alfonso Y, Soanes BK, Zimba S, Sinanaj B, German L, Sharma V, Bohra A, Kolesnikova A, Dunn JA, Martin AC, Khashi U Rahman M, Saati-Santamaría Z, García-Fraile P, Ferreira EA, Frazão LA, Cowling WA, Siddique KHM, Pandey MK, Farooq M, Varshney RK, Chapman MA, Boesch C, Daszkowska-Golec A, Foyer CH. Enhancing climate change resilience in agricultural crops. Curr Biol 2023; 33:R1246-R1261. [PMID: 38052178 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Climate change threatens global food and nutritional security through negative effects on crop growth and agricultural productivity. Many countries have adopted ambitious climate change mitigation and adaptation targets that will exacerbate the problem, as they require significant changes in current agri-food systems. In this review, we provide a roadmap for improved crop production that encompasses the effective transfer of current knowledge into plant breeding and crop management strategies that will underpin sustainable agriculture intensification and climate resilience. We identify the main problem areas and highlight outstanding questions and potential solutions that can be applied to mitigate the impacts of climate change on crop growth and productivity. Although translation of scientific advances into crop production lags far behind current scientific knowledge and technology, we consider that a holistic approach, combining disciplines in collaborative efforts, can drive better connections between research, policy, and the needs of society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beth K Soanes
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sibongile Zimba
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Horticulture Department, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 219, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Besiana Sinanaj
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Liam German
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Vinay Sharma
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, India
| | - Abhishek Bohra
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Anastasia Kolesnikova
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Life Sciences Building 85, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Jessica A Dunn
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; Institute for Sustainable Food, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Azahara C Martin
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS-CSIC), Córdoba 14004, Spain
| | - Muhammad Khashi U Rahman
- Microbiology and Genetics Department, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; Institute for Agribiotechnology Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Villamayor de la Armuña 37185, Spain
| | - Zaki Saati-Santamaría
- Microbiology and Genetics Department, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; Institute for Agribiotechnology Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Villamayor de la Armuña 37185, Spain; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Paula García-Fraile
- Microbiology and Genetics Department, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; Institute for Agribiotechnology Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Villamayor de la Armuña 37185, Spain
| | - Evander A Ferreira
- Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Universitária 1000, 39404547, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leidivan A Frazão
- Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Universitária 1000, 39404547, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wallace A Cowling
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Manish K Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, India
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Oman
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Mark A Chapman
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Life Sciences Building 85, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Christine Boesch
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Agata Daszkowska-Golec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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5
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Liu J, Khan S, Hu Y, Yin L, Huang J. Physiological mechanisms of exogenous organic acids to alleviate aluminum toxicity in seedlings of mungbean, buckwheat, and rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108031. [PMID: 37734270 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
One of the major constraints for crop yield in acidic soils is the phytotoxicity of aluminum ions (Al3+), which primarily affects the roots. To mitigate the harmful effects of Al toxicity, plants use organic acids to chelate Al internally and externally. In this study, the effects of exogenous organic acids on Al toxicity in rice, mung bean, and buckwheat were investigated. Specifically, the study examined the ameliorative effect of three organic acids (oxalic acid, malic acid, and citric acid, each at a concentration of (100 μmol/L) on root elongation, fresh weight, Al content, organic acid key enzymes, and rhizosphere pH in hydroponic media containing (100 μmol/L) Al. The experimental results revealed species-specific responses to aluminum tolerance and the alleviating effects of different organic acids. Buckwheat was found to be the most aluminum-tolerant, followed by mung bean, while rice was the least tolerant. Exogenous application of oxalic acid promoted root elongation, increased root fresh weight, and enhanced the activity of the PEPC enzyme in mung bean. Malic acid, on the other hand, alleviated Al toxicity in rice by promoting root elongation, increasing root fresh weight, enhancing the activity of the PEPC enzyme, and decreasing the activity of the MDH enzyme. In buckwheat, citric acid application reduced Al toxicity by promoting root elongation, increasing root weight, and decreasing the activities of CS and GO enzymes. These findings indicate that different organic acids can reduce Al toxicity in different plant species by employing different physiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Liu
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Yue Hu
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Liyan Yin
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jiaquan Huang
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China.
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6
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Guan K, Yang Z, Zhan M, Zheng M, You J, Meng X, Li H, Gao J. Two Sweet Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L.) WRKY Transcription Factors Promote Aluminum Tolerance via the Reduction in Callose Deposition. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10288. [PMID: 37373435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a primary limiting factor for crop production in acidic soils. The WRKY transcription factors play important roles in regulating plant growth and stress resistance. In this study, we identified and characterized two WRKY transcription factors, SbWRKY22 and SbWRKY65, in sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). Al induced the transcription of SbWRKY22 and SbWRKY65 in the root apices of sweet sorghum. These two WRKY proteins were localized in the nucleus and exhibited transcriptional activity. SbWRKY22 showed the significant transcriptional regulation of SbMATE, SbGlu1, SbSTAR1, SbSTAR2a, and SbSTAR2b, which are major known Al tolerance genes in sorghum. Interestingly, SbWRKY65 had almost no effect on the aforementioned genes, but it significantly regulated the transcription of SbWRKY22. Therefore, it is speculated that SbWRKY65 might indirectly regulate Al-tolerance genes mediated by SbWRKY22. The heterologous expression of SbWRKY22 and SbWRKY65 greatly improved the Al tolerance of transgenic plants. The enhanced Al tolerance phenotype of transgenic plants is associated with reduced callose deposition in their roots. These findings suggest the existence of SbWRKY22- and SbWRKY65-mediated Al tolerance regulation pathways in sweet sorghum. This study extends our understanding of the complex regulatory mechanisms of WRKY transcription factors in response to Al toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexing Guan
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhenming Yang
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Meiqi Zhan
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Meihui Zheng
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jiangfeng You
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xiangxiang Meng
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - He Li
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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7
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Hajiboland R, Panda CK, Lastochkina O, Gavassi MA, Habermann G, Pereira JF. Aluminum Toxicity in Plants: Present and Future. JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00344-022-10866-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
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The Plasmodesmata-Located β-1,3-Glucanase Enzyme PdBG4 Regulates Trichomes Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182856. [PMID: 36139431 PMCID: PMC9496821 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercellular material transport and information transmission in plants are carried out through the plasmodesmata (PD). The amount of callose around the PD controls channel permeability. In plants, β-1,3-glucanase can degrade callose and affect plant growth and development. In this study, the gene producing PD-localized β-1,3-glucanase and regulating the leaf trichomes is identified and named PdBG4. Based on functional analysis through a series of genetic manipulation assays, we found that the high expression of PdBG4 was associated with strong PD permeability and short Arabidopsis thaliana leaf trichomes. Conversely, the low expression of PdBG4 correlated with weak PD permeability and long Arabidopsis thaliana leaf trichomes. This study revealed that the PdBG4 gene negatively modulates leaf trichome growth and development by regulating PD permeability.
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Zhang J, Liu N, Yan A, Sun T, Sun X, Yao G, Xiao D, Li W, Hou C, Yang C, Wang D. Callose deposited at soybean sieve element inhibits long-distance transport of Soybean mosaic virus. AMB Express 2022; 12:66. [PMID: 35660979 PMCID: PMC9167352 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01402-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of callose and its deposition characteristics at phloem in the resistance to the long-distance transportation of Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) through phloem was studied. Two different methods of SMV inoculation were used in the study, one was direct friction of the virus on seedling leaves and the other was based on grafting scion and rootstock to create different resistance and sensitivity combinations. Veins, petioles of inoculated leaves and rootstock stems were stained with callose specific dye. Results from fluorescence microscope observation, pharmacological test, and PCR detection of SMV coat protein gene (SMV-CP) showed the role of callose in long-distance transportation of SMV through phloem during infection of soybean seedlings. When the inhibitor of callose synthesis 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DDG) was used, the accumulation of callose fluorescence could hardly be detected in the resistant rootstocks. These results indicate that callose deposition in phloem restricts the long-distance transport of SMV, and that the accumulation of callose in phloem is a main contributing factor for resistance to this virus in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/ Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/ Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Aihua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/ Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Tianjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/ Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Xizhe Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/ Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Guibin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/ Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Dongqiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/ Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Wenlong Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/ Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Chunyan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/ Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050035 China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/ Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
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10
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Heat Stress Reduces Root Meristem Size via Induction of Plasmodesmal Callose Accumulation Inhibiting Phloem Unloading in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042063. [PMID: 35216183 PMCID: PMC8879574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The intercellular transport of sugars, nutrients, and small molecules is essential for plant growth, development, and adaptation to environmental changes. Various stresses are known to affect the cell-to-cell molecular trafficking modulated by plasmodesmal permeability. However, the mechanisms of plasmodesmata modification and molecules involved in the phloem unloading process under stress are still not well understood. Here, we show that heat stress reduces the root meristem size and inhibits phloem unloading by inducing callose accumulation at plasmodesmata that connect the sieve element and phloem pole pericycle. Furthermore, we identify the loss-of-function of CALLOSE SYNTHASE 8 (CalS8), which is expressed specifically in the phloem pole pericycle, decreasing the plasmodesmal callose deposition at the interface between the sieve element and phloem pole pericycle and alleviating the suppression at root meristem size by heat stress. Our studies indicate the involvement of callose in the interaction between root meristem growth and heat stress and show that CalS8 negatively regulates the thermotolerance of Arabidopsis roots.
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11
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Ranjan A, Sinha R, Sharma TR, Pattanayak A, Singh AK. Alleviating aluminum toxicity in plants: Implications of reactive oxygen species signaling and crosstalk with other signaling pathways. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:1765-1784. [PMID: 33665830 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major limiting factor for plant growth and productivity in acidic soil. At pH lower than 5.0 (pH < 5.0), the soluble and toxic form of Al (Al3+ ions) enters root cells and inhibits root growth and uptake of water and nutrients. The organic acids malate, citrate, and oxalate are secreted by the roots and chelate Al3+ to form a non-toxic Al-OA complex, which decreases the entry of Al3+ into the root cells. When Al3+ enters, it leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, which are toxic and cause damage to biomolecules like lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids. When ROS levels rise beyond the threshold, plants activate an antioxidant defense system that comprises of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione S-transferase (GST), ascorbic acid (ASA), phenolics and alkaloids etc., which protect plant cells from oxidative damage by scavenging and neutralizing ROS. Besides, ROS also play an important role in signal transduction and influence many molecular and cellular process like hormone signaling, gene expression, cell wall modification, cell cycle, programed cell death (PCD), and development. In the present review, the mechanisms of Al-induced ROS generation, ROS signaling, and crosstalk with other signaling pathways helping to combat Al toxicity have been summarized, which will help researchers to understand the intricacies of Al-induced plant response at cellular level and plan research for developing Al-toxicity tolerant crops for sustainable agriculture in acid soil-affected regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Ranjan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, India
| | - Ragini Sinha
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, India
| | - Tilak Raj Sharma
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, India
| | | | - Anil Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, India
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12
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Singh CK, Singh D, Taunk J, Chaudhary P, Tomar RSS, Chandra S, Singh D, Pal M, Konjengbam NS, Singh MP, Singh Sengar R, Sarker A. Comparative Inter- and IntraSpecies Transcriptomics Revealed Key Differential Pathways Associated With Aluminium Stress Tolerance in Lentil. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:693630. [PMID: 34531881 PMCID: PMC8438445 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.693630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium stress causes plant growth retardation and engenders productivity loss under acidic soil conditions. This study accentuates morpho-physiological and molecular bases of aluminium (Al) tolerance within and between wild (ILWL-15) and cultivated (L-4602 and BM-4) lentil species. Morpho-physiological studies revealed better cyto-morphology of tolerant genotypes over sensitive under Al3+ stress conditions. Mitotic lesions were observed in root cells under these conditions. Transcriptome analysis under Al3+ stress revealed 30,158 specifically up-regulated genes in different comparison groups showing contigs between 15,305 and 18,861 bp. In tolerant genotypes, top up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found to be involved in organic acid synthesis and exudation, production of antioxidants, callose synthesis, protein degradation, and phytohormone- and calcium-mediated signalling under stress conditions. DEGs associated with epigenetic regulation and Al3+ sequestration inside vacuole were specifically upregulated in wild and cultivars, respectively. Based on assembled unigenes, an average of 6,645.7 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 14,953.7 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were spotted. By quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), 12 selected genes were validated. Gene ontology (GO) annotation revealed a total of 8,757 GO terms in three categories, viz., molecular, biological, and cellular processes. Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes pathway scanning also revealed another probable pathway pertaining to metacaspase-1,-4, and -9 for programmed cell death under Al-stress conditions. This investigation reveals key inter- and intraspecies metabolic pathways associated with Al-stress tolerance in lentil species that can be utilised in designing future breeding programmes to improve lentil and related species towards Al3+ stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kumar Singh
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Dharmendra Singh
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Taunk
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Priya Chaudhary
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ram Sewak Singh Tomar
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi, India
| | - Shivani Chandra
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Deepti Singh
- Department of Botany, Meerut College, Meerut, India
| | - Madan Pal
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Noren Singh Konjengbam
- College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University—Imphal, Umiam, India
| | - M. Premjit Singh
- College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University—Imphal, Iroisemba, India
| | - Rakesh Singh Sengar
- College of Biotechnology, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel Agricultural University, Meerut, India
| | - Ashutosh Sarker
- International Center for Agriculture Research in the Dry Areas, New Delhi, India
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13
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Yadav B, Jogawat A, Lal SK, Lakra N, Mehta S, Shabek N, Narayan OP. Plant mineral transport systems and the potential for crop improvement. PLANTA 2021; 253:45. [PMID: 33483879 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient transporter genes could be a potential candidate for improving crop plants, with enhanced nutrient uptake leading to increased crop yield by providing tolerance against different biotic and abiotic stresses. The world's food supply is nearing a crisis in meeting the demands of an ever-growing global population, and an increase in both yield and nutrient value of major crops is vitally necessary to meet the increased population demand. Nutrients play an important role in plant metabolism as well as growth and development, and nutrient deficiency results in retarded plant growth and leads to reduced crop yield. A variety of cellular processes govern crop plant nutrient absorption from the soil. Among these, nutrient membrane transporters play an important role in the acquisition of nutrients from soil and transport of these nutrients to their target sites. In addition, as excess nutrient delivery has toxic effects on plant growth, these membrane transporters also play a significant role in the removal of excess nutrients in the crop plant. The key function provided by membrane transporters is the ability to supply the crop plant with an adequate level of tolerance against environmental stresses, such as soil acidity, alkalinity, salinity, drought, and pathogen attack. Membrane transporter genes have been utilized for the improvement of crop plants, with enhanced nutrient uptake leading to increased crop yield by providing tolerance against different biotic and abiotic stresses. Further understanding of the basic mechanisms of nutrient transport in crop plants could facilitate the advanced design of engineered plant crops to achieve increased yield and improve nutrient quality through the use of genetic technologies as well as molecular breeding. This review is focused on nutrient toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in crop plants to aid in understanding and addressing the anticipated global food demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Yadav
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhimanyu Jogawat
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Shambhu Krishan Lal
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Nita Lakra
- Department of Biotechnology, CCS HAU, Hisar, India
| | - Sahil Mehta
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitzan Shabek
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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14
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Wang X, Sager R, Lee JY. Evaluating molecular movement through plasmodesmata. Methods Cell Biol 2020; 160:99-117. [PMID: 32896335 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata are membrane-lined cytoplasmic passageways that facilitate the movement of nutrients and various types of molecules between cells in the plant. They are highly dynamic channels, opening or closing in response to physiological and developmental stimuli or environmental challenges such as biotic and abiotic stresses. Accumulating evidence supports the idea that such dynamic controls occur through integrative cellular mechanisms. Currently, a few fluorescence-based methods are available that allow monitoring changes in molecular movement through plasmodesmata. In this chapter, following a brief introduction to those methods, we provide a detailed step-by-step protocol for the Drop-ANd-See (DANS) assay, which is advantageous when it is desirable to measure plasmodesmal permeability non-invasively, in situ and in real-time. We discuss the experimental conditions one should consider to produce reliable and reproducible DANS results along with troubleshooting ideas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ross Sager
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Jung-Youn Lee
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States.
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15
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Wang B, Fang R, Zhang J, Han J, Chen F, He F, Liu YG, Chen L. Rice LecRK5 phosphorylates a UGPase to regulate callose biosynthesis during pollen development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4033-4041. [PMID: 32270203 PMCID: PMC7475243 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The temporary callose layer surrounding the tetrads of microspores is critical for male gametophyte development in flowering plants, as abnormal callose deposition can lead to microspore abortion. A sophisticated signaling network regulates callose biosynthesis but these pathways are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized a rice male-sterile mutant, oslecrk5, which showed defective callose deposition during meiosis. OsLecRK5 encodes a plasma membrane-localized lectin receptor-like kinase, which can form a dimer with itself. Moreover, normal anther development requires the K-phosphorylation site (a conserved residue at the ATP-binding site) of OsLecRK5. In vitro assay showed that OsLecRK5 phosphorylates the callose synthesis enzyme UGP1, enhancing callose biosynthesis during anther development. Together, our results demonstrate that plasma membrane-localized OsLecRK5 phosphorylates UGP1 and promotes its activity in callose biosynthesis in rice. This is the first evidence that a receptor-like kinase positively regulates callose biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqiu Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Dongyang Institute of Maize Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingluan Han
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Faming Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Furong He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao-Guang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Letian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Correspondence:
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Vadde BVL, Roeder AHK. Can the French flag and reaction-diffusion models explain flower patterning? Celebrating the 50th anniversary of the French flag model. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:2886-2897. [PMID: 32016398 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
It has been 50 years since Lewis Wolpert introduced the French flag model proposing the patterning of different cell types based on threshold concentrations of a morphogen diffusing in the tissue. Sixty-seven years ago, Alan Turing introduced the idea of patterns initiating de novo from a reaction-diffusion network. Together these models have been used to explain many patterning events in animal development, so here we take a look at their applicability to flower development. First, although many plant transcription factors move through plasmodesmata from cell to cell, in the flower there is little evidence that they specify fate in a concentration-dependent manner, so they cannot yet be described as morphogens. Secondly, the reaction-diffusion model appears to be a reasonably good description of the formation of spots of pigment on petals, although additional nuances are present. Thirdly, aspects of both of these combine in a new fluctuation-based patterning system creating the scattered pattern of giant cells in Arabidopsis sepals. In the future, more precise imaging and manipulations of the dynamics of patterning networks combined with mathematical modeling will allow us to better understand how the multilayered complex and beautiful patterns of flowers emerge de novo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batthula Vijaya Lakshmi Vadde
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology and School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Adrienne H K Roeder
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology and School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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17
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Sun X, Li H, Thapa S, Reddy Sangireddy S, Pei X, Liu W, Jiang Y, Yang S, Hui D, Bhatti S, Zhou S, Yang Y, Fish T, Thannhauser TW. Al-induced proteomics changes in tomato plants over-expressing a glyoxalase I gene. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:43. [PMID: 32257229 PMCID: PMC7109090 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-0264-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Glyoxalase I (Gly I) is the first enzyme in the glutathionine-dependent glyoxalase pathway for detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG) under stress conditions. Transgenic tomato 'Money Maker' plants overexpressing tomato SlGlyI gene (tomato unigene accession SGN-U582631/Solyc09g082120.3.1) were generated and homozygous lines were obtained after four generations of self-pollination. In this study, SlGlyI-overepxressing line (GlyI), wild type (WT, negative control) and plants transformed with empty vector (ECtr, positive control), were subjected to Al-treatment by growing in Magnavaca's nutrient solution (pH 4.5) supplemented with 20 µM Al3+ ion activity. After 30 days of treatments, the fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots of plants from Al-treated conditions decreased significantly compared to the non-treated conditions for all the three lines. When compared across the three lines, root fresh and dry weight of GlyI was significant higher than WT and ECtr, whereas there was no difference in shoot tissues. The basal 5 mm root-tips of GlyI plants expressed a significantly higher level of glyoxalase activity under both non-Al-treated and Al-treated conditions compared to the two control lines. Under Al-treated condition, there was a significant increase in MG content in ECtr and WT lines, but not in GlyI line. Quantitative proteomics analysis using tandem mass tags mass spectrometry identified 4080 quantifiable proteins and 201 Al-induced differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in root-tip tissues from GlyI, and 4273 proteins and 230 DEPs from ECtr. The Al-down-regulated DEPs were classified into molecular pathways of gene transcription, RNA splicing and protein biosynthesis in both GlyI and ECtr lines. The Al-induced DEPs in GlyI associated with tolerance to Al3+ and MG toxicity are involved in callose degradation, cell wall components (xylan acetylation and pectin degradation), oxidative stress (antioxidants) and turnover of Al-damaged epidermal cells, repair of damaged DNA, epigenetics, gene transcription, and protein translation. A protein-protein association network was constructed to aid the selection of proteins in the same pathway but differentially regulated in GlyI or ECtr lines. Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD009456 under project title '25Dec2017_Suping_XSexp2_ITAG3.2' for SlGlyI-overexpressing tomato plants and PXD009848 under project title '25Dec2017_Suping_XSexp3_ITAG3.2' for positive control ECtr line transformed with empty vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Sun
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA
- College of Horticulture, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA
| | - Santosh Thapa
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA
| | - Sasikiran Reddy Sangireddy
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA
| | - Xiaobo Pei
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA
| | - Yuping Jiang
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA
| | - Shaolan Yang
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA
| | - Dafeng Hui
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA
| | - Sarabjit Bhatti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA
| | - Suping Zhou
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA
| | - Yong Yang
- R.W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Tara Fish
- R.W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Theodore W. Thannhauser
- R.W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
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18
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Abstract
The root meristem-one of the plant's centers of continuous growth-is a conveyer belt in which cells of different identities are pushed through gradients along the root's longitudinal axis. An auxin gradient has long been implicated in controlling the progression of cell states in the root meristem. Recent work has shown that a PLETHORA (PLT) protein transcription factor gradient, which is under a delayed auxin response, has a dose-dependent effect on the differentiation state of cells. The direct effect of auxin concentration on differential transcriptional outputs remains unclear. Genomic and other analyses of regulatory sequences show that auxin responses are likely controlled by combinatorial inputs from transcription factors outside the core auxin signaling pathway. The passage through the meristem exposes cells to varying positional signals that could help them interpret auxin inputs independent of gradient effects. One open question is whether cells process information from the changes in the gradient over time as they move through the auxin gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Guillotin
- New York University, The Department of Biology, The Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kenneth D Birnbaum
- New York University, The Department of Biology, The Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York, NY, United States.
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19
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Yang S, Li H, Bhatti S, Zhou S, Yang Y, Fish T, Thannhauser TW. The Al-induced proteomes of epidermal and outer cortical cells in root apex of cherry tomato ‘LA 2710’. J Proteomics 2020; 211:103560. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Grison MS, Kirk P, Brault ML, Wu XN, Schulze WX, Benitez-Alfonso Y, Immel F, Bayer EM. Plasma Membrane-Associated Receptor-like Kinases Relocalize to Plasmodesmata in Response to Osmotic Stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 181:142-160. [PMID: 31300470 PMCID: PMC6716232 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata act as key elements in intercellular communication, coordinating processes related to plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stresses. While many of the developmental, biotic, and abiotic signals are primarily perceived at the plasma membrane (PM) by receptor proteins, plasmodesmata also cluster receptor-like activities; whether these two pathways interact is currently unknown. Here, we show that specific PM-located Leu-rich-repeat receptor-like-kinases, Qiān Shŏu kinase (QSK1) and inflorescence meristem kinase2, which under optimal growth conditions are absent from plasmodesmata, rapidly relocate and cluster to the pores in response to osmotic stress. This process is remarkably fast, is not a general feature of PM-associated proteins, and is independent of sterol and sphingolipid membrane composition. Focusing on QSK1, previously reported to be involved in stress responses, we show that relocalization in response to mannitol depends on QSK1 phosphorylation. Loss-of-function mutation in QSK1 results in delayed lateral root (LR) development, and the mutant is affected in the root response to mannitol stress. Callose-mediated plasmodesmata regulation is known to regulate LR development. We found that callose levels are reduced in the qsk1 mutant background with a root phenotype resembling ectopic expression of PdBG1, an enzyme that degrades callose at the pores. Both the LR and callose phenotypes can be complemented by expression of wild-type and phosphomimic QSK1 variants, but not by phosphodead QSK1 mutant, which fails to relocalize at plasmodesmata. Together, the data indicate that reorganization of receptor-like-kinases to plasmodesmata is important for the regulation of callose and LR development as part of the plant response to osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali S Grison
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
| | - Philip Kirk
- Centre for Plant Science, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Marie L Brault
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
| | - Xu Na Wu
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Waltraud X Schulze
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yoselin Benitez-Alfonso
- Centre for Plant Science, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Françoise Immel
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
| | - Emmanuelle M Bayer
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
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21
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Yan D, Yadav SR, Paterlini A, Nicolas WJ, Petit JD, Brocard L, Belevich I, Grison MS, Vaten A, Karami L, El-Showk S, Lee JY, Murawska GM, Mortimer J, Knoblauch M, Jokitalo E, Markham JE, Bayer EM, Helariutta Y. Sphingolipid biosynthesis modulates plasmodesmal ultrastructure and phloem unloading. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:604-615. [PMID: 31182845 PMCID: PMC6565433 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0429-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
During phloem unloading, multiple cell-to-cell transport events move organic substances to the root meristem. Although the primary unloading event from the sieve elements to the phloem pole pericycle has been characterized to some extent, little is known about post-sieve element unloading. Here, we report a novel gene, PHLOEM UNLOADING MODULATOR (PLM), in the absence of which plasmodesmata-mediated symplastic transport through the phloem pole pericycle-endodermis interface is specifically enhanced. Increased unloading is attributable to a defect in the formation of the endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane tethers during plasmodesmal morphogenesis, resulting in the majority of pores lacking a visible cytoplasmic sleeve. PLM encodes a putative enzyme required for the biosynthesis of sphingolipids with very-long-chain fatty acid. Taken together, our results indicate that post-sieve element unloading involves sphingolipid metabolism, which affects plasmodesmal ultrastructure. They also raise the question of how and why plasmodesmata with no cytoplasmic sleeve facilitate molecular trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Yan
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shri Ram Yadav
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science/Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India
| | - Andrea Paterlini
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - William J Nicolas
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jules D Petit
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, TERRA Research Centre, GX ABT, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Lysiane Brocard
- Bordeaux Imaging Centre, Plant Imaging Platform, UMS 3420, INRA-CNRS-INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Villenave-d'Ornon, France
| | - Ilya Belevich
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science/Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Magali S Grison
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Anne Vaten
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science/Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leila Karami
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science/Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Sedeer El-Showk
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science/Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jung-Youn Lee
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Gosia M Murawska
- Biosciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - Jenny Mortimer
- Biosciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - Michael Knoblauch
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Eija Jokitalo
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science/Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jennifer E Markham
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Emmanuelle M Bayer
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
| | - Ykä Helariutta
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science/Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Riaz M, Yan L, Wu X, Hussain S, Aziz O, Jiang C. Boron supply maintains efficient antioxidant system, cell wall components and reduces aluminum concentration in roots of trifoliate orange. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 137:93-101. [PMID: 30771565 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity in the acid soils (pH ≤ 5) is the major limiting abiotic factor affecting the productivity of crops. Boron (B) has been reported to alleviate Al toxicity. In spite of recent advances, it is not clear how B relieves Al toxicity. Results demonstrated that Al toxicity hampered the root elongation. Moreover, lumogallion fluorescent molecular probe unequivocally localized mostly bound Al to the periphery of the cell wall (CW) and to the nuclei. Additionally, Al toxicity induced variations in the CW components through the accumulation of pectin and hemicellulose. Nevertheless, B supply reduced callose deposition, increased root growth and reduced changes in the CW components under Al toxicity. Moreover, B supply reduced the un-methylated pectin while increased the degree of methyl esterification of pectin. These results imply that B due to its role in the CW formation could reduce aluminum-induced negative effects on plant growth by attenuating apoplastic Al3+ and changes in the CW components which ultimately results in the improved root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Riaz
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China
| | - Lei Yan
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China
| | - Xiuwen Wu
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Omar Aziz
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China
| | - Cuncang Jiang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China.
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Wu SW, Kumar R, Iswanto ABB, Kim JY. Callose balancing at plasmodesmata. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:5325-5339. [PMID: 30165704 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In plants, communication and molecular exchanges between different cells and tissues are dependent on the apoplastic and symplastic pathways. Symplastic molecular exchanges take place through the plasmodesmata, which connect the cytoplasm of neighboring cells in a highly controlled manner. Callose, a β-1,3-glucan polysaccharide, is a plasmodesmal marker molecule that is deposited in cell walls near the neck zone of plasmodesmata and controls their permeability. During cell differentiation and plant development, and in response to diverse stresses, the level of callose in plasmodesmata is highly regulated by two antagonistic enzymes, callose synthase or glucan synthase-like and β-1,3-glucanase. The diverse modes of regulation by callose synthase and β-1,3-glucanase have been uncovered in the past decades through biochemical, molecular, genetic, and omics methods. This review highlights recent findings regarding the function of plasmodesmal callose and the molecular players involved in callose metabolism, and provides new insight into the mechanisms maintaining plasmodesmal callose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Wei Wu
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ritesh Kumar
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Arya Bagus Boedi Iswanto
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yean Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Division of Life Science (CK1 program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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24
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Gao J, Yan S, Yu H, Zhan M, Guan K, Wang Y, Yang Z. Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) SbSTOP1 activates the transcription of a β-1,3-glucanase gene to reduce callose deposition under Al toxicity: A novel pathway for Al tolerance in plants. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 83:446-455. [PMID: 30387379 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1540290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a primary limiting factor for crop production in acid soils. Callose deposition, an early indicator and likely a contributor to Al toxicity, is induced rapidly in plant roots under Al stress. SbGlu1, encoding a β-1,3-glucanase for callose degradation, showed important roles in sorghum Al resistance, yet its regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. The STOP1 transcription factors mediate Al signal transduction in various plants. Here, we identified their homolog in sweet sorghum, SbSTOP1, transcriptionally activated the expression of SbGlu1. Moreover, the DNA sequence recognized by SbSTOP1 on the promoter of SbGlu1 lacked the reported cis-acting element. Complementation lines of Atstop1 with SbSTOP1 revealed enhanced transcription levels of SbGlu1 homologous gene and reduced callose accumulation in Arabidopsis. These results indicate, for the first time, that SbSTOP1 is involved in the modulation of callose deposition under Al stress via transcriptional regulation of a β-1,3-glucanase gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- a Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science , Jilin University , Changchun , China.,b College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Siqi Yan
- a Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science , Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Haiye Yu
- b College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Meiqi Zhan
- a Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science , Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Kexing Guan
- a Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science , Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- a Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science , Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Zhenming Yang
- a Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science , Jilin University , Changchun , China
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25
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Rahman MA, Lee SH, Ji HC, Kabir AH, Jones CS, Lee KW. Importance of Mineral Nutrition for Mitigating Aluminum Toxicity in Plants on Acidic Soils: Current Status and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3073. [PMID: 30297682 PMCID: PMC6213855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is one of the major limitations that inhibit plant growth and development in acidic soils. In acidic soils (pH < 5.0), phototoxic-aluminum (Al3+) rapidly inhibits root growth, and subsequently affects water and nutrient uptake in plants. This review updates the existing knowledge concerning the role of mineral nutrition for alleviating Al toxicity in plants to acid soils. Here, we explored phosphorus (P) is more beneficial in plants under P-deficient, and Al toxic conditions. Exogenous P addition increased root respiration, plant growth, chlorophyll content, and dry matter yield. Calcium (Ca) amendment (liming) is effective for correcting soil acidity, and for alleviating Al toxicity. Magnesium (Mg) is able to prevent Al migration through the cytosolic plasma membrane in root tips. Sulfur (S) is recognized as a versatile element that alleviates several metals toxicity including Al. Moreover, silicon (Si), and other components such as industrial byproducts, hormones, organic acids, polyamines, biofertilizers, and biochars played promising roles for mitigating Al toxicity in plants. Furthermore, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of several new methods and low-cost effective strategies relevant to the exogenous application of mineral nutrition on Al toxicity mitigation. This information would be effective for further improvement of crop plants in acid soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Atikur Rahman
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Korea.
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Korea.
| | - Hee Chung Ji
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Korea.
| | - Ahmad Humayan Kabir
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.
| | - Chris Stephen Jones
- Feed and Forage Biosciences, International Livestock Research Institute, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Ki-Won Lee
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Korea.
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26
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Sujkowska-Rybkowska M, Znojek E. Localization of calreticulin and calcium ions in mycorrhizal roots of Medicago truncatula in response to aluminum stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 229:22-31. [PMID: 30025219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity limits growth and symbiotic interactions of plants. Calcium plays essential roles in abiotic stresses and legume-Rhizobium symbiosis, but the sites and mechanism of Ca2+ mobilization during mycorrhizae have not been analyzed. In this study, the changes of cytoplasmic Ca2+ and calreticulin (CRT) in Medicago truncatula mycorrhizal (MR) and non-mycorrizal (NM) roots under short Al stress [50 μM AlCl3 pH 4.3 for 3 h] were analyzed. Free Ca2+ ions were detected cytochemically by their reaction with potassium pyroantimonate and anti-CRT antibody was used to locate this protein in Medicago roots by immunocytochemical methods. In MR and NM roots, Al induced accumulation of CRT and free Ca2+. Similar calcium and CRT distribution in the MR were found at the surface of fungal structures (arbuscules and intercellular hyphae), cell wall and in plasmodesmata, and in plant and fungal intracellular compartments. Additionally, degenerated arbuscules were associated with intense Ca2+ and CRT accumulation. In NM roots, Ca2+ and CRT epitopes were observed in the stele, near wall of cortex and endodermis. The present study provides new insight into Ca2+ storage and mobilization in mycorrhizae symbiosis. The colocalization of CRT and Ca2+ suggests that CRT is essential for calcium mobilization for normal mycorrhiza development and response to Al stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Sujkowska-Rybkowska
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Znojek
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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27
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O’Lexy R, Kasai K, Clark N, Fujiwara T, Sozzani R, Gallagher KL. Exposure to heavy metal stress triggers changes in plasmodesmatal permeability via deposition and breakdown of callose. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:3715-3728. [PMID: 29901781 PMCID: PMC6022669 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Both plants and animals must contend with changes in their environment. The ability to respond appropriately to these changes often underlies the ability of the individual to survive. In plants, an early response to environmental stress is an alteration in plasmodesmatal permeability with accompanying changes in cell to cell signaling. However, the ways in which plasmodesmata are modified, the molecular players involved in this regulation, and the biological significance of these responses are not well understood. Here, we examine the effects of nutrient scarcity and excess on plasmodesmata-mediated transport in the Arabidopsis thaliana root and identify two CALLOSE SYNTHASES and two β-1,3-GLUCANASES as key regulators of these processes. Our results suggest that modification of plasmodesmata-mediated signaling underlies the ability of the plant to maintain root growth and properly partition nutrients when grown under conditions of excess nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruthsabel O’Lexy
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Koji Kasai
- Department of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natalie Clark
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Biomathematics Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Toru Fujiwara
- Department of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rosangela Sozzani
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Biomathematics Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Kimberly L Gallagher
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Correspondence:
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28
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Gerlitz N, Gerum R, Sauer N, Stadler R. Photoinducible DRONPA-s: a new tool for investigating cell-cell connectivity. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 94:751-766. [PMID: 29654648 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of multicellular plants relies on the ability of their cells to exchange solutes, proteins and signalling compounds through plasmodesmata, symplasmic pores in the plant cell wall. The aperture of plasmodesmata is regulated in response to developmental cues or external factors such as pathogen attack. This regulation enables tight control of symplasmic cell-to-cell transport. Here we report on an elegant non-invasive method to quantify the passive movement of protein between selected cells even in deeper tissue layers. The system is based on the fluorescent protein DRONPA-s, which can be switched on and off repeatedly by illumination with different light qualities. Using transgenic 35S::DRONPA-s Arabidopsis thaliana and a confocal microscope it was possible to activate DRONPA-s fluorescence in selected cells of the root meristem. This enabled us to compare movement of DRONPA-s from the activated cells into the respective neighbouring cells. Our analyses showed that pericycle cells display the highest efflux capacity with a good lateral connectivity. In contrast, root cap cells showed the lowest efflux of DRONPA-s. Plasmodesmata of quiescent centre cells mediated a stronger efflux into columella cells than into stele initials. To simplify measurements of fluorescence intensity in a complex tissue we developed software that allows simultaneous analyses of fluorescence intensities of several neighbouring cells. Our DRONPA-s system generates reproducible data and is a valuable tool for studying symplasmic connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Gerlitz
- Molecular Plant Physiology, University of Erlangen, Staudtstrasse 5, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Richard Gerum
- Biophysics, University of Erlangen, Henkestrasse 91, Erlangen, 91052, Germany
| | - Norbert Sauer
- Molecular Plant Physiology, University of Erlangen, Staudtstrasse 5, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Ruth Stadler
- Molecular Plant Physiology, University of Erlangen, Staudtstrasse 5, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
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29
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Leijon F, Melzer M, Zhou Q, Srivastava V, Bulone V. Proteomic Analysis of Plasmodesmata From Populus Cell Suspension Cultures in Relation With Callose Biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1681. [PMID: 30510561 PMCID: PMC6252348 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata are channels that link adjacent cells in plant tissues through which molecular exchanges take place. They are involved in multiple processes vital to plant cells, such as responses to hormonal signaling or environmental challenges including osmotic stress, wounding and pathogen attack. Despite the importance of plasmodesmata, their proteome is not well-defined. Here, we have isolated fractions enriched in plasmodesmata from cell suspension cultures of Populus trichocarpa and identified 201 proteins that are enriched in these fractions, thereby providing further insight on the multiple functions of plasmodesmata. Proteomics analysis revealed an enrichment of proteins specifically involved in responses to stress, transport, metabolism and signal transduction. Consistent with the role of callose deposition and turnover in the closure and aperture of the plasmodesmata and our proteomic analysis, we demonstrate the enrichment of callose synthase activity in the plasmodesmata represented by several gene products. A new form of calcium-independent callose synthase activity was detected, in addition to the typical calcium-dependent enzyme activity, suggesting a role of calcium in the regulation of plasmodesmata through two forms of callose synthase activities. Our report provides the first proteomic investigation of the plasmodesmata from a tree species and the direct biochemical evidence for the occurrence of several forms of active callose synthases in these structures. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD010692.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Leijon
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Melzer
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Qi Zhou
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vaibhav Srivastava
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Vaibhav Srivastava, Vincent Bulone,
| | - Vincent Bulone
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Vaibhav Srivastava, Vincent Bulone,
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30
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Wu W, Lin Y, Chen Q, Peng W, Peng J, Tian J, Liang C, Liao H. Functional Conservation and Divergence of Soybean GmSTOP1 Members in Proton and Aluminum Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:570. [PMID: 29755502 PMCID: PMC5932199 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Proton (H+) and aluminum (Al) rhizotoxicity are two major factors limiting crop production in acid soils. Orthologs of the zinc-finger transcription factor, Sensitive To Proton Rhizotoxicity1 (STOP1), have been found to play an essential role in the tolerance to both stresses by regulating the transcription of multiple H+ and Al tolerant genes. In the present study, color three GmSTOP1 homologs were identified in the soybean genome. All three GmSTOP1 exhibited similar properties as reflected by the harboring of four potential zinc finger domains, localizing in the nucleus, and having transactivation activity. Expression profiling showed that H+ stress slightly modulated transcription of all three GmSTOP1s, while Al significantly up-regulated GmSTOP1-1 and GmSTOP1-3 in root apexes and GmSTOP1-3 in basal root regions. Furthermore, complementation assays in an Arabidopsis Atstop1 mutant line overexpressing these GmSTOP1s demonstrated that all three GmSTOP1s largely reverse the H+ sensitivity of the Atstop1 mutant and restore the expression of genes involved in H+ tolerance. In contrast, only GmSTOP1-1 and GmSTOP1-3 could partially recover Al tolerance in the Atstop1 mutant. These results suggest that the function of three GmSTOP1s is evolutionarily conserved in H+ tolerance, but not in Al tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wu
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenting Peng
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junchu Peng
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Tian
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiyue Liang
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Cuiyue Liang,
| | - Hong Liao
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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31
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Zhu CQ, Zhang JH, Sun LM, Zhu LF, Abliz B, Hu WJ, Zhong C, Bai ZG, Sajid H, Cao XC, Jin QY. Hydrogen Sulfide Alleviates Aluminum Toxicity via Decreasing Apoplast and Symplast Al Contents in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:294. [PMID: 29559992 PMCID: PMC5845667 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays a vital role in Al3+ stress resistance in plants, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. In the present study, pretreatment with 2 μM of the H2S donor NaHS significantly alleviated the inhibition of root elongation caused by Al toxicity in rice roots, which was accompanied by a decrease in Al contents in root tips under 50 μM Al3+ treatment. NaHS pretreatment decreased the negative charge in cell walls by reducing the activity of pectin methylesterase and decreasing the pectin and hemicellulose contents in rice roots. This treatment also masked Al-binding sites in the cell wall by upregulating the expression of OsSATR1 and OsSTAR2 in roots and reduced Al binding in the cell wall by stimulating the expression of the citrate acid exudation gene OsFRDL4 and increasing the secretion of citrate acid. In addition, NaHS pretreatment decreased the symplasmic Al content by downregulating the expression of OsNRAT1, and increasing the translocation of cytoplasmic Al to the vacuole via upregulating the expression of OsALS1. The increment of antioxidant enzyme [superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD)] activity with NaHS pretreatment significantly decreased the MDA and H2O2 content in rice roots, thereby reducing the damage of Al3+ toxicity on membrane integrity in rice. H2S exhibits crosstalk with nitric oxide (NO) in response to Al toxicity, and through reducing NO content in root tips to alleviate Al toxicity. Together, this study establishes that H2S alleviates Al toxicity by decreasing the Al content in the apoplast and symplast of rice roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Q. Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li M. Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, China Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Lian F. Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Buhailiqem Abliz
- Nuclear Technology Biotechnology Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ürümqi, China
| | - Wen J. Hu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi G. Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hussain Sajid
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao C. Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao C. Cao, Qian Y. Jin, ;,
| | - Qian Y. Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao C. Cao, Qian Y. Jin, ;,
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32
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Amsbury S, Kirk P, Benitez-Alfonso Y. Emerging models on the regulation of intercellular transport by plasmodesmata-associated callose. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 69:105-115. [PMID: 29040641 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The intercellular transport of molecules through membranous channels that traverse the cell walls-so-called plasmodesmata-is of fundamental importance for plant development. Regulation of plasmodesmata aperture (and transport capacity) is mediated by changes in the flanking cell walls, mainly via the synthesis/degradation (turnover) of the (1,3)-β-glucan polymer callose. The role of callose in organ development and in plant environmental responses is well recognized, but detailed understanding of the mechanisms regulating its accumulation and its effects on the structure and permeability of the channels is still missing. We compiled information on the molecular components and signalling pathways involved in callose turnover at plasmodesmata and, more generally, on the structural and mechanical properties of (1,3)-β-glucan polymers in cell walls. Based on this revision, we propose models integrating callose, cell walls, and the regulation of plasmodesmata structure and intercellular communication. We also highlight new tools and interdisciplinary approaches that can be applied to gain further insight into the effects of modifying callose in cell walls and its consequences for intercellular signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Amsbury
- Centre for Plant Science, School of Biology, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Philip Kirk
- Centre for Plant Science, School of Biology, University of Leeds, UK
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33
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Abel S. Phosphate scouting by root tips. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 39:168-177. [PMID: 28527590 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Chemistry assigns phosphate (Pi) dominant roles in metabolism; however, it also renders the macronutrient a genuinely limiting factor of plant productivity. Pi bioavailability is restricted by low Pi mobility in soil and antagonized by metallic toxicities, which force roots to actively seek and selectively acquire the vital element. During the past few years, a first conceptual outline has emerged of the sensory mechanisms at root tips, which monitor external Pi and transmit the edaphic cue to inform root development. This review highlights new aspects of the Pi acquisition strategy of Arabidopsis roots, as well as a framework of local Pi sensing in the context of antagonistic interactions between Pi and its major associated metallic cations, Fe3+ and Al3+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Abel
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle, Germany; Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Nicolas WJ, Grison MS, Trépout S, Gaston A, Fouché M, Cordelières FP, Oparka K, Tilsner J, Brocard L, Bayer EM. Architecture and permeability of post-cytokinesis plasmodesmata lacking cytoplasmic sleeves. NATURE PLANTS 2017; 3:17082. [PMID: 28604682 DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2017.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata are remarkable cellular machines responsible for the controlled exchange of proteins, small RNAs and signalling molecules between cells. They are lined by the plasma membrane (PM), contain a strand of tubular endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and the space between these two membranes is thought to control plasmodesmata permeability. Here, we have reconstructed plasmodesmata three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure with an unprecedented level of 3D information using electron tomography. We show that within plasmodesmata, ER-PM contact sites undergo substantial remodelling events during cell differentiation. Instead of being open pores, post-cytokinesis plasmodesmata present such intimate ER-PM contact along the entire length of the pores that no intermembrane gap is visible. Later on, during cell expansion, the plasmodesmata pore widens and the two membranes separate, leaving a cytosolic sleeve spanned by tethers whose presence correlates with the appearance of the intermembrane gap. Surprisingly, the post-cytokinesis plasmodesmata allow diffusion of macromolecules despite the apparent lack of an open cytoplasmic sleeve, forcing the reassessment of the mechanisms that control plant cell-cell communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Nicolas
- Laboratory of Membrane Biogenesis, UMR5200 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Magali S Grison
- Laboratory of Membrane Biogenesis, UMR5200 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Sylvain Trépout
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Bât. 112, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Amélia Gaston
- Laboratory of Membrane Biogenesis, UMR5200 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu Fouché
- Laboratory of Membrane Biogenesis, UMR5200 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice P Cordelières
- Bordeaux Imaging Centre, UMS 3420 CNRS, CNRS-INSERM-University of Bordeaux 146, rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Karl Oparka
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Jens Tilsner
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Lysiane Brocard
- Bordeaux Imaging Centre, Plant Imaging Plateform, UMS 3420, INRA-CNRS-INSERM-University of Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave-d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Emmanuelle M Bayer
- Laboratory of Membrane Biogenesis, UMR5200 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
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Siecińska J, Nosalewicz A. Aluminium Toxicity to Plants as Influenced by the Properties of the Root Growth Environment Affected by Other Co-Stressors: A Review. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 243:1-26. [PMID: 28005214 DOI: 10.1007/398_2016_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium toxicity to crops depends on the acidity of the soil and specific plant resistance. However, it is also strongly affected by other environmental factors that have to be considered to properly evaluate the resultant effects on plants. Observed weather perturbations and predicted climate changes will increase the probability of co-occurrence of aluminium toxicity and other abiotic stresses.In this review the mechanisms of plant-aluminium interactions are shown to be influenced by soil mineral nutrients, heavy metals, organic matter, oxidative stress and drought. Described effects of aluminium toxicity include: root growth inhibition, reduction in the uptake of mineral nutrients resulting from the inhibition of transport processes through ion channels; epigenetic changes to DNA resulting in gene silencing. Complex processes occurring in the rhizosphere are highlighted, including the role of soil organic matter and aluminium detoxification by mucilage.There is a considerable research gap in the understanding of root growth in the soil environment in the presence of toxic aluminium concentrations as affected by interactions with abiotic stressors. This knowledge is important for the selection of feasible methods aimed at the reduction of negative consequences of crop production in acidic soils affected by adverse growth environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Siecińska
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290, Lublin, Poland
| | - Artur Nosalewicz
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290, Lublin, Poland.
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Wang S, Ren X, Huang B, Wang G, Zhou P, An Y. Aluminium-induced reduction of plant growth in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is mediated by interrupting auxin transport and accumulation in roots. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30079. [PMID: 27435109 PMCID: PMC4951802 DOI: 10.1038/srep30079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate Al(3+)-induced IAA transport, distribution, and the relation of these two processes to Al(3+)-inhibition of root growth in alfalfa. Alfalfa seedlings with or without apical buds were exposed to 0 or 100 μM AlCl3 and were foliar sprayed with water or 6 mg L(-1) IAA. Aluminium stress resulted in disordered arrangement of cells, deformed cell shapes, altered cell structure, and a shorter length of the meristematic zone in root tips. Aluminium stress significantly decreased the IAA concentration in apical buds and root tips. The distribution of IAA fluorescence signals in root tips was disturbed, and the IAA transportation from shoot base to root tip was inhibited. The highest intensity of fluorescence signals was detected in the apical meristematic zone. Exogenous application of IAA markedly alleviated the Al(3+)-induced inhibition of root growth by increasing IAA accumulation and recovering the damaged cell structure in root tips. In addition, Al(3+) stress up-regulated expression of AUX1 and PIN2 genes. These results indicate that Al(3+)-induced reduction of root growth could be associated with the inhibitions of IAA synthesis in apical buds and IAA transportation in roots, as well as the imbalance of IAA distribution in root tips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyin Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Ren
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Bingru Huang
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Ge Wang
- Instrumental Analysis Centre of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuan An
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201101, China
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Sade H, Meriga B, Surapu V, Gadi J, Sunita MSL, Suravajhala P, Kavi Kishor PB. Toxicity and tolerance of aluminum in plants: tailoring plants to suit to acid soils. Biometals 2016; 29:187-210. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-016-9910-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Han X, Kim JY. Integrating Hormone- and Micromolecule-Mediated Signaling with Plasmodesmal Communication. MOLECULAR PLANT 2016; 9:46-56. [PMID: 26384246 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Intercellular and supracellular communications through plasmodesmata are involved in vital processes for plant development and physiological responses. Micro- and macromolecules, including hormones, RNA, and proteins, serve as biological information vectors that traffic through the plasmodesmata between cells. Previous studies demonstrated that the plasmodesmata are elaborately regulated, whereby a long queue of multiple signaling molecules forms. However, the mechanism by which these signals are coupled or coordinated in terms of simultaneous transport in a single channel remains a puzzle. In the last few years, several phytohormones that could function as both non-cell-autonomous signals and plasmodesmal regulators have been disclosed. Plasmodesmal regulators such as auxin, salicylic acid, reactive oxygen species, gibberellic acids, chitin, and jasmonic acid could regulate intercellular trafficking by adjusting plasmodesmal permeability. Here, callose, along with β-glucan synthase and β-glucanase, plays a critical role in regulating plasmodesmal permeability. Interestingly, most of the previously identified regulators are capable of diffusing through the plasmodesmata. Given the small sizes of these molecules, the plasmodesmata are prominent intercellular channels that allow diffusion-based movement of those signaling molecules. Obviously, intercellular communication is under the control of a major mechanism, named a feedback loop, at the plasmodesmata, which mediates complicated biological behaviors. Prospective research on the mechanism of coupling micromolecules at the plasmodesmata for developmental signaling and nutrient provision will help us to understand how plants coordinate their development and photosynthetic assimilation, which is important for agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jae-Yean Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus program), Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
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Wang L, Fan XW, Pan JL, Huang ZB, Li YZ. Physiological characterization of maize tolerance to low dose of aluminum, highlighted by promoted leaf growth. PLANTA 2015; 242:1391-403. [PMID: 26253178 PMCID: PMC4605970 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2376-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Effects of a low aluminum (Al) dose were characterized. The Al supplement inhibited root growth but enhanced leaf growth in maize lines with different Al sensitivities. High levels of Al are phytotoxic especially in acidic soils. The beneficial effects of low Al levels have been reported in some plant species, but not in maize. Maize is relatively more sensitive to Al toxicity than other cereals. Seedlings, at the three leaf stage, of four Chinese maize foundation parent inbred lines with different Al tolerances, were exposed to complete Hoagland's nutrient solution at pH 4.5 supplemented with 48 μM Al(3+) under controlled growth conditions, and then the Al stress (AS) was removed. The leaf and root growth, root cell viability, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ions (K(+), Ca(++) and Mg(++)), photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll, protein and malondialdehyde contents in tissues were assayed. In conclusion, a low Al dose inhibits root growth but enhances leaf growth in maize. The Al-promoted leaf growth is likely a result of increased protein synthesis, a lowered Ca(++) level, and the discharge of the growth-inhibitory factors. The Al-promoted leaf growth may be a 'memory' effect caused by the earlier AS in maize. Al causes cell wall rupture, and a loss of K(+), Ca(++) and Mg(++) from root cells. CAT is an auxiliary antioxidant enzyme that works selectively with either SOD or POD against AS-related peroxidation, depending on the maize tissue. CAT is a major antioxidant enzyme responsible for root growth, but SOD is important for leaf growth during AS and after its removal. Our results contribute to understanding how low levels of Al affect maize and Al-resistant mechanisms in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Long Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang-Bao Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Xie J, Bai X, Lavoie M, Lu H, Fan X, Pan X, Fu Z, Qian H. Analysis of the Proteome of the Marine Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Exposed to Aluminum Providing Insights into Aluminum Toxicity Mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:11182-11190. [PMID: 26308585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Trace aluminum (Al) concentrations can be toxic to marine phytoplankton, the basis of the marine food web, but the fundamental Al toxicity and detoxification mechanisms at the molecular levels are poorly understood. Using an array of proteomic, transcriptomic, and biochemical techniques, we describe in detail the cellular response of the model marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum to a short-term sublethal Al stress (4 h of exposure to 200 μM total initial Al). A total of 2204 proteins were identified and quantified by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) in response to the Al stress. Among them, 87 and 78 proteins performing various cell functions were up- and down-regulated after Al treatment, respectively. We found that photosynthesis was a key Al toxicity target. The Al-induced decrease in electron transport rates in thylakoid membranes lead to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which cause increased lipid peroxidation. Several ROS-detoxifying proteins were induced to help decrease Al-induced oxidative stress. In parallel, glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway were up-regulated in order to produce cell energy (NADPH, ATP) and carbon skeleton for cell growth, partially circumventing the Al-induced toxicity effects on photosynthesis. These cellular responses to Al stress were coordinated by the activation of various signal transduction pathways. The identification of Al-responsive proteins in the model marine phytoplankton P. tricornutum provides new insights on Al stress responses as well as a good start for further exploring Al detoxification mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xie
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, P. R. of China
| | - Xiaocui Bai
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, P. R. of China
| | - Michel Lavoie
- Quebec-Ocean and Takuvik Joint International Research Unit, Université Laval , Québec City, Québec G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Haiping Lu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. of China
| | - Xiaoji Fan
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, P. R. of China
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P. R. of China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, P. R. of China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, P. R. of China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, P. R. of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P. R. of China
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Mendoza-Soto AB, Naya L, Leija A, Hernández G. Responses of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing common bean to aluminum toxicity and delineation of nodule responsive microRNAs. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:587. [PMID: 26284103 PMCID: PMC4519678 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is widespread in acidic soils where the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), the most important legume for human consumption, is produced and it is a limiting factor for crop production and symbiotic nitrogen fixation. We characterized the nodule responses of common bean plants inoculated with Rhizobioum tropici CIAT899 and the root responses of nitrate-fertilized plants exposed to excess Al in low pH, for long or short periods. A 43-50% reduction in nitrogenase activity indicates that Al toxicity (Alt) highly affected nitrogen fixation in common bean. Bean roots and nodules showed characteristic symptoms for Alt. In mature nodules Al accumulation and lipoperoxidation were observed in the infected zone, while callose deposition and cell death occurred mainly in the nodule cortex. Regulatory mechanisms of plant responses to metal toxicity involve microRNAs (miRNAs) along other regulators. Using a miRNA-macroarray hybridization approach we identified 28 (14 up-regulated) Alt nodule-responsive miRNAs. We validated (quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR) the expression of eight nodule responsive miRNAs in roots and in nodules exposed to high Al for long or short periods. The inverse correlation between the target and miRNA expression ratio (stress:control) was observed in every case. Generally, miRNAs showed a higher earlier response in roots than in nodules. Some of the common bean Alt-responsive miRNAs identified has also been reported as differentially expressed in other plant species subjected to similar stress condition. miRNA/target nodes analyzed in this work are known to be involved in relevant signaling pathways, thus we propose that the participation of miR164/NAC1 (NAM/ATAF/CUC transcription factor) and miR393/TIR1 (TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1-like protein) in auxin and of miR170/SCL (SCARECROW-like protein transcription factor) in gibberellin signaling is relevant for common bean response/adaptation to Al stress. Our data provide a foundation for evaluating the individual roles of miRNAs in the response of common bean nodules to Alt.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Georgina Hernández
- *Correspondence: Georgina Hernández, Functional Genomics of Eukaryotes, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 1001 Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico,
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Sujkowska-Rybkowska M, Borucki W. Pectins esterification in the apoplast of aluminum-treated pea root nodules. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 184:1-7. [PMID: 26151130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to elucidate the possible involvement of pectins in aluminum-mediated growth inhibition the distribution of pectins in the apoplast of root nodules was investigated. Experiments were performed on the pea (Pisum sativum L.) root nodules treated with aluminum (50 μM AlCl3, for 2 or 24h). For histochemical acidic pectin localization we used ruthenium red staining. Immunolabeling techniques with monoclonal antibodies specific to high methyl-esterified pectin (JIM7), low methyl-esterified pectin (JIM5) and calcium cross-linked pectin (2F4) were used to re-examine the pattern of pectin esterification and distribution. After immunolabeling the samples were observed using a fluorescent and transmission electron microscope. Ruthenium red staining showed that acid pectin content increased in the apoplast of Al-treated nodules and immunolocalization of pectin epitopes revealed that the fraction of de-esterified pectins increased significantly under Al stress. JIM5 and 2F4 epitopes were located on the inner surface of the primary cell wall with higher intensity at cell corners lining the intercellular spaces and at infection threads (ITs) walls. By contrast, JIM 7 labels all walls uniformly throughout the nodule. In the presence of Al, the increase of JIM5 and 2F4 labeling in thick plant and IT walls, together with a decrease of JIM7 labeling was observed. These results indicate a specific role for pectin de-esterification in the process of wall thickening and growth inhibition. In particular, Al-dependent increase in pectin content and their low methyl esterification degree correlate with wall thickness and higher rigidity, and in this way, may affect IT and nodules growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wojciech Borucki
- Department of Botany, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland
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Gallagher KL, Sozzani R, Lee CM. Intercellular protein movement: deciphering the language of development. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2015; 30:207-33. [PMID: 25288113 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100913-012915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Development in multicellular organisms requires the coordinated production of a large number of specialized cell types through sophisticated signaling mechanisms. Non-cell-autonomous signals are one of the key mechanisms by which organisms coordinate development. In plants, intercellular movement of transcription factors and other mobile signals, such as hormones and peptides, is essential for normal development. Through a combination of different approaches, a large number of non-cell-autonomous signals that control plant development have been identified. We review some of the transcriptional regulators that traffic between cells, as well as how changes in symplasmic continuity affect and are affected by development. We also review current models for how mobile signals move via plasmodesmata and how movement is inhibited. Finally, we consider challenges in and new tools for studying protein movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly L Gallagher
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104; ,
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Wang X, McCallum BD, Fetch T, Bakkeren G, Saville BJ. Sr36- and Sr5-Mediated Resistance Response to Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Is Associated with Callose Deposition in Wheat Guard Cells. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2015; 105:728-737. [PMID: 26056723 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-14-0213-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Race-specific resistance of wheat to Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is primarily posthaustorial and often involves the induction of a hypersensitive response (HR). The aim of this study was to investigate host defense responses induced in interactions between P. graminis f. sp. tritici races and wheat lines carrying different race-specific stem rust resistance (Sr) genes. In incompatible interactions between wheat lines carrying Sr36 in three genetic backgrounds (LMPG, Prelude, or W2691) and avirulent P. graminis f. sp. tritici races MCCFC or RCCDM, callose accumulated within 24 h in wheat guard cells contacted by a P. graminis f. sp. tritici appressorium, and P. graminis f. sp. tritici ingress was inhibited following appressorium formation. Accordingly, the expression of transcripts encoding a callose synthase increased in the incompatible interaction between LMPG-Sr36 and avirulent P. graminis f. sp. tritici race MCCFC. Furthermore, the inhibition of callose synthesis through the infiltration of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (DDG) increased the ability of P. graminis f. sp. tritici race MCCFC to infect LMPG-Sr36. A similar induction of callose deposition in wheat guard cells was also observed within 24 h after inoculation (hai) with avirulent P. graminis f. sp. tritici race HKCJC on LMPG-Sr5 plants. In contrast, this defense response was not induced in incompatible interactions involving Sr6, Sr24, or Sr30. Instead, the induction of an HR and cellular lignification were noted. The manifestation of the HR and cellular lignification was induced earlier (24 hai) and was more extensive in the resistance response mediated by Sr6 compared with those mediated by Sr24 or Sr30. These results indicate that the resistance mediated by Sr36 is similar to that mediated by Sr5 but different from those triggered by Sr6, Sr24, or Sr30. Resistance responses mediated by Sr5 and Sr36 are prehaustorial, and are a result of very rapid recognition of molecules derived from avirulent isolates of P. graminis f. sp. tritici, in contrast to the responses triggered in lines with Sr6, Sr24, and Sr30.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- First, second, and third authors: Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 101 Route 100, Morden, MB, R6M 1Y5, Canada; fourth author: Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri Food Canada, Summerland, BC, VOH 1ZO, Canada; and fifth author: Forensic Science Program, and Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program Trent University, Peterborough, ON, K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - B D McCallum
- First, second, and third authors: Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 101 Route 100, Morden, MB, R6M 1Y5, Canada; fourth author: Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri Food Canada, Summerland, BC, VOH 1ZO, Canada; and fifth author: Forensic Science Program, and Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program Trent University, Peterborough, ON, K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - T Fetch
- First, second, and third authors: Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 101 Route 100, Morden, MB, R6M 1Y5, Canada; fourth author: Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri Food Canada, Summerland, BC, VOH 1ZO, Canada; and fifth author: Forensic Science Program, and Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program Trent University, Peterborough, ON, K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - G Bakkeren
- First, second, and third authors: Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 101 Route 100, Morden, MB, R6M 1Y5, Canada; fourth author: Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri Food Canada, Summerland, BC, VOH 1ZO, Canada; and fifth author: Forensic Science Program, and Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program Trent University, Peterborough, ON, K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - B J Saville
- First, second, and third authors: Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 101 Route 100, Morden, MB, R6M 1Y5, Canada; fourth author: Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri Food Canada, Summerland, BC, VOH 1ZO, Canada; and fifth author: Forensic Science Program, and Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program Trent University, Peterborough, ON, K9J 7B8, Canada
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Zhang H, Shi WL, You JF, Bian MD, Qin XM, Yu H, Liu Q, Ryan PR, Yang ZM. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing a β-1,3-glucanase from sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) show reduced callose deposition and increased tolerance to aluminium toxicity. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:1178-88. [PMID: 25311645 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Seventy-one cultivars of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) were screened for aluminium (Al) tolerance by measuring relative root growth (RRG). Two contrasting cultivars, ROMA (Al tolerant) and POTCHETSTRM (Al sensitive), were selected to study shorter term responses to Al stress. POTCHETSTRM had higher callose synthase activity, lower β-1,3-glucanase activity and more callose deposition in the root apices during Al treatment compared with ROMA. We monitored the expression of 12 genes involved in callose synthesis and degradation and found that one of these, SbGlu1 (Sb03g045630.1), which encodes a β-1,3-glucanase enzyme, best explained the contrasting deposition of callose in ROMA and POTCHETSTRM during Al treatment. Full-length cDNAs of SbGlu1 was prepared from ROMA and POTCHETSTRM and expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana using the constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter. Independent transgenic lines displayed significantly greater Al tolerance than wild-type plants and vector-only controls. This phenotype was associated with greater total β-1,3-glucanase activity, less Al accumulation and reduced callose deposition in the roots. These results suggest that callose production is not just an early indicator of Al stress in plants but likely to be part of the toxicity pathway that leads to the inhibition of root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China; Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130062, China
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Matsumoto H, Riechers DE, Lygin AV, Baluška F, Sivaguru M. Aluminum Signaling and Potential Links with Safener-Induced Detoxification in Plants. ALUMINUM STRESS ADAPTATION IN PLANTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19968-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Specificity of Ion Uptake and Homeostasis Maintenance During Acid and Aluminium Stresses. ALUMINUM STRESS ADAPTATION IN PLANTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19968-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Aluminum-Induced Inhibition of Root Growth: Roles of Cell Wall Assembly, Structure, and Function. ALUMINUM STRESS ADAPTATION IN PLANTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19968-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Sager R, Lee JY. Plasmodesmata in integrated cell signalling: insights from development and environmental signals and stresses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:6337-58. [PMID: 25262225 PMCID: PMC4303807 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
To survive as sedentary organisms built of immobile cells, plants require an effective intercellular communication system, both locally between neighbouring cells within each tissue and systemically across distantly located organs. Such a system enables cells to coordinate their intracellular activities and produce concerted responses to internal and external stimuli. Plasmodesmata, membrane-lined intercellular channels, are essential for direct cell-to-cell communication involving exchange of diffusible factors, including signalling and information molecules. Recent advances corroborate that plasmodesmata are not passive but rather highly dynamic channels, in that their density in the cell walls and gating activities are tightly linked to developmental and physiological processes. Moreover, it is becoming clear that specific hormonal signalling pathways play crucial roles in relaying primary cellular signals to plasmodesmata. In this review, we examine a number of studies in which plasmodesmal structure, occurrence, and/or permeability responses are found to be altered upon given cellular or environmental signals, and discuss common themes illustrating how plasmodesmal regulation is integrated into specific cellular signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Sager
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Jung-Youn Lee
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
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