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Jia X, Yu H, Du B, Shen Y, Gui L, Xu X, Li J. Incorporating Lycium barbarum residue in diet boosts survival, growth, and liver health in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109573. [PMID: 38636742 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
This research elucidates the potential of Lycium barbarum residue (LBR), a by-product rich in bioactive substances, as a dietary supplement in aquaculture, especially for herbivorous fish like grass carp. In a detailed 120-day feeding trial, the impacts of varying LBR levels on juvenile grass carp were assessed, focusing on growth performance, survival rate, biochemical markers, and liver health. The study identified a 6% inclusion rate of LBR as optimal for enhancing survival and growth while mitigating hepatic lipid accumulation. Composition analysis of this diet revealed high concentrations of polysaccharides and flavonoids. Notably, the intake of LBR was found to enhance the antioxidant and immune-related enzymatic activities in the liver. Furthermore, it contributed to a reduction in hepatic fat deposition by decreasing the levels of triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (T-CHO) both in the liver and serum. Transcriptomic analysis of the liver highlighted LBR's substantial influence on lipid metabolism pathways, including the PPAR signaling pathway, primary bile acid biosynthesis, cholesterol metabolism, bile secretion, fat digestion and absorption, fatty acid degradation and fatty acid biosynthesis. Further, the expression level of genes pinpointed significant downregulation of fasn and dgat2, alongside upregulation of genes like pparda, cpt1b, cpt1ab and abca1b, in response to LBR supplementation. Overall, the findings present LBR as a promising enhancer of growth and survival in grass carp, with significant benefits in promoting fat metabolism and liver health, offering valuable insights for aquacultural nutrition strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Jia
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Du
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lang Gui
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Guo S, Wan Q, Xu M, Chen M, Chen Z. Transcriptome analysis of host anti-Aeromonas hydrophila infection revealed the pathogenicity of A. hydrophila to American eels (Anguilla rostrata). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 148:109504. [PMID: 38508539 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a commonly pathogenic bacterium in cultivated eels, but its pathogenicity to American eel (Anguilla rostrata) and the molecular mechanism of host anti-A. hydrophila infection remains uncertain. In this study, LD50 of A. hydrophila to American eels was determined and bacterial load in the liver and kidney of eels was assessed post 2.56 doses of LD50 of A. hydrophila infection. The results showed that the LD50 of A. hydrophila to American eels was determined to be 3.9 × 105 cfu/g body weight (7.8 × 106 cfu/fish), and the bacterial load peaked at 36 h post the infection (hpi) in the liver. Then, the histopathology was highlighted by congestion in splenic blood vessels, atrophied glomeruli, and necrotic hepatocytes. Additionally, the results of qRT-PCR revealed that 18 host immune-related genes showed significantly up or downregulated post-infection compare to that of pre-infection. Finally, results of the RNA-seq revealed 10 hub DEGs and 7 encoded proteins play essential role to the anti-A. hydrophila infection in American eels. Pathogenicity of A. hydrophila to American eels and RNA-seq of host anti-A. hydrophila infection were firstly reported in this study, shedding new light on our understanding of the A. hydrophila pathogenesis and the host immune response to the A. hydrophila infection strategies in gene transcript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Guo
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, China.
| | - Qijuan Wan
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, China
| | - Minxia Chen
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China
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3
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Vega-Heredia S, Giffard-Mena I, Reverter M. Bacterial and viral co-infections in aquaculture under climate warming: co-evolutionary implications, diagnosis, and treatment. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2024; 158:1-20. [PMID: 38602294 DOI: 10.3354/dao03778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Climate change and the associated environmental temperature fluctuations are contributing to increases in the frequency and severity of disease outbreaks in both wild and farmed aquatic species. This has a significant impact on biodiversity and also puts global food production systems, such as aquaculture, at risk. Most infections are the result of complex interactions between multiple pathogens, and understanding these interactions and their co-evolutionary mechanisms is crucial for developing effective diagnosis and control strategies. In this review, we discuss current knowledge on bacteria-bacteria, virus-virus, and bacterial and viral co-infections in aquaculture as well as their co-evolution in the context of global warming. We also propose a framework and different novel methods (e.g. advanced molecular tools such as digital PCR and next-generation sequencing) to (1) precisely identify overlooked co-infections, (2) gain an understanding of the co-infection dynamics and mechanisms by knowing species interactions, and (3) facilitate the development multi-pathogen preventive measures such as polyvalent vaccines. As aquaculture disease outbreaks are forecasted to increase both due to the intensification of practices to meet the protein demand of the increasing global population and as a result of global warming, understanding and treating co-infections in aquatic species has important implications for global food security and the economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarahí Vega-Heredia
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Ensenada, México, Egresada del Programa de Ecología Molecular y Biotecnología, carretera transpeninsular Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3917, C.P. 22860, México
| | - Ivone Giffard-Mena
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Ensenada, México
| | - Miriam Reverter
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Devon PL4 8AA, UK
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4
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Frenette AP, Rodríguez-Ramos T, Zanuzzo F, Ramsay D, Semple SL, Soullière C, Rodríguez-Cornejo T, Heath G, McKenzie E, Iwanczyk J, Bruder M, Aucoin MG, Gamperl AK, Dixon B. Expression of Interleukin-1β protein in vitro,exvivo and in vivo salmonid models. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 147:104767. [PMID: 37406840 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the first cytokines expressed during immune responses, and its levels are affected by many factors, including stress. To date, it has only been possible to measure IL-1β transcript (mRNA) expression quantitatively in fish using qPCR. This is because previous studies that measured IL-1β protein concentrations in these taxa used western blotting, which only provides qualitative data. To advance our knowledge of fish IL-1β biology, and because post-translational processing plays a critical role in the activation of this molecule, we developed a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to accurately measure the concentration of IL-1β protein in several cell cultures and in vivo in salmonids. We compared changes in IL-1β protein levels to the expression of its mRNA. The developed ELISA was quite sensitive and has a detection limit of 12.5 pg/mL. The tools developed, and information generated through this research, will allow for a more accurate and complete understanding of IL-1β's role in the immune response of salmonids.The assay described here has the potential to significantly advance our ability to assess fish health and immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron P Frenette
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Fabio Zanuzzo
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, Canada; Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Centro de Aquicultura da UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, Jaboticabal, CEP, 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Devyn Ramsay
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Shawna L Semple
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl Soullière
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - George Heath
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Emily McKenzie
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Mark Bruder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Marc G Aucoin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - A Kurt Gamperl
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Brian Dixon
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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5
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Zhu J, Yu Z, He L, Jiang Y, Cao X, Song X. The molecular mechanisms and environmental effects of modified clay control algal blooms in aquacultural water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 337:117715. [PMID: 36934499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Modified clay (MC) technology is an effective method for controlling harmful algal blooms (HABs). Based on field experience, a bloom does not continue after treatment with MC, even though the residual HAB biomass accounts for 20-30% of the initial biomass. Laboratory studies using unialgal cultures have found that MC could inhibit the growth of the residual algal cells to prevent HABs. Nevertheless, the phytoplankton in field waters is diverse. Therefore, unclassified complex mechanisms may exist. To illustrate the molecular mechanisms through which MC controls HABs in the field and verify the previous laboratory findings, a series of experiments and bioinformatics analyses were conducted using bloom waters from aquacultural ponds. The results showed that a 72.29% removal efficiency of algal biomass could effectively control blooms. The metatranscriptomic results revealed that the number of downregulated genes (131,546) was greater than that of upregulated genes (24,318) at 3 h after MC addition. Among these genes, several genes related to DNA replication were downregulated; however, genes involved in DNA repair were upregulated. Metabolism-related pathways were the most significantly upregulated (q < 0.05), including photosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation. The results also showed that MC reduced most of the biomass of the dominant phytoplankton species, likely by removing apical dominance, which increased the diversity and stability of the phytoplankton community. In addition to reducing the pathogenic bacterial density, MC reduced the concentrations of PO43- (96.22%) and SiO32- (66.77%), thus improving the aquaculture water quality, altering the phytoplankton community structure (the proportion of Diatomea decreased, and that of Chlorophyta increased), and inhibiting phytoplankton growth. These effects hindered the rapid development of large phytoplankton biomasses and allowed the community structure to remain stable, reducing HAB threats. This study illustrates the molecular mechanisms through which MC controls HABs in the field and provides a scientific method for removing HABs in aquacultural waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China; Centre for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhiming Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China; Centre for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Liyan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China; Centre for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Xihua Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China; Centre for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiuxian Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China; Centre for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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6
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Ahmed MU, Alam MI, Debnath S, Debrot AO, Rahman MM, Ahsan MN, Verdegem M. The impact of mangroves in small-holder shrimp ponds in south-west Bangladesh on productivity and economic and environmental resilience. AQUACULTURE 2023; 571:739464. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2023.739464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
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7
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Liu G, Zhu L, Wu Y, Wang C, Wang Y, Zheng Q, Tian M, Wang H, Chen YH. Herbal active small molecule as an immunomodulator for potential application on resistance of common carp against SVCV infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 137:108782. [PMID: 37141957 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Herbal immunomodulators are an important part of prevention and control on viral diseases in aquaculture because of their propensity to improve immunity in fish. The present study was conducted to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect and antiviral activity of a synthesized derivative (serial number: LML1022) against spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) infection in vitro and in vivo. The antiviral data suggested that LML1022 at 100 μM significantly inhibited the virus replication in epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells, and may completely inhibit the infectivity of SVCV virion particles to fish cells by affecting the viral internalization. The results in the related stability of water environments also demonstrated that LML1022 had an inhibitory half-life of 2.3 d at 15 °C, which would facilitate rapid degradation of LML1022 in aquaculture application. For in vivo study, the survival rate of SVCV-infected common carp was increased 30% at least under continuous oral injection of LML1022 at 2.0 mg/kg for 7 d treatment. Additionally, pretreatment of LML1022 on fish prior to SVCV infection also obviously reduced the viral loads in vivo as well as an improved survival rate, showing that LML1022 was potential as an immunomodulator. As an immune response, LML1022 significantly upregulated the immune-related gene expression including IFN-γ2b, IFN-I, ISG15 and Mx1, indicating that its dietary administration may improve the resistance of common carp against SVCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglu Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China; Institute of Medicinal Development and Application for Aquatic Disease Control, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China; Zhoukou Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Development and Application, Zhoukou, 466001, China.
| | - Lili Zhu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Yi Wu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Chunjie Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Yunsheng Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Qiushuo Zheng
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Mengyao Tian
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Haitong Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Ya-Hong Chen
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China; Institute of Medicinal Development and Application for Aquatic Disease Control, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China; Zhoukou Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Development and Application, Zhoukou, 466001, China.
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8
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Wang P, Guo B, Zhang X, Wang Y, Yang G, Shen H, Gao S, Zhang L. One-Pot Molecular Diagnosis of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease by Recombinase Polymerase Amplification and CRISPR/Cas12a with Specially Designed crRNA. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6490-6498. [PMID: 37014765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is one of the most devastating diseases in aquaculture, causing significant economic losses in seafood supplies worldwide. Early detection is critical for its prevention, which requires reliable and fast-responding diagnosis tools with point-of-care testing (POCT) capacity. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) has been combined with CRISPR/Cas12a for AHPND diagnosis with a two-step procedure, but the operation is inconvenient and has the risk of carryover contamination. Here, we develop an RPA-CRISPR one-pot assay that integrates RPA and CRISPR/Cas12a cleavage into simultaneous reactions. Using the special design of crRNA, which is based on suboptimal protospacer adjacent motifs (PAM), RPA and Cas12a are made compatible in one pot. The assay is highly specific with a good sensitivity of 102 copies/reaction. This study provides a new choice for AHPND diagnosis with a POCT facility and sets a good example for developing RPA-CRISPR one-pot molecular diagnosis assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bo Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Jiangsu Institute of Oceanology and Marine Fisheries, Nantong 226007, China
| | - Song Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
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9
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Combe M, Reverter M, Caruso D, Pepey E, Gozlan RE. Impact of Global Warming on the Severity of Viral Diseases: A Potentially Alarming Threat to Sustainable Aquaculture Worldwide. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11041049. [PMID: 37110472 PMCID: PMC10146364 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11041049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With an ever-increasing human population, food security remains a central issue for the coming years. The magnitude of the environmental impacts of food production has motivated the assessment of the environmental and health benefits of shifting diets, from meat to fish and seafood. One of the main concerns for the sustainable development of aquaculture is the emergence and spread of infectious animal diseases in a warming climate. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the influence of global warming on mortality due to viral infections in farmed aquatic animals. We found a positive trend between increasing temperature and increasing viral virulence, with an increase in water temperature of 1 °C resulting in an increase in mortality of 1.47-8.33% in OsHV-1 infected oysters, 2.55-6.98% in carps infected with CyHV-3 and 2.18-5.37% in fishes infected with NVVs. We suggest that global warming is going to pose a risk of viral disease outbreaks in aquaculture and could compromise global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Combe
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Miriam Reverter
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, 34095 Montpellier, France
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Domenico Caruso
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Elodie Pepey
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, 34095 Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR ISEM, 34398 Montpellier, France
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10
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Rather MA, Agarwal D, Bhat TA, Khan IA, Zafar I, Kumar S, Amin A, Sundaray JK, Qadri T. Bioinformatics approaches and big data analytics opportunities in improving fisheries and aquaculture. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123549. [PMID: 36740117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture has witnessed an excellent growth rate during the last two decades and offers huge potential to provide nutritional as well as livelihood security. Genomic research has contributed significantly toward the development of beneficial technologies for aquaculture. The existing high throughput technologies like next-generation technologies generate oceanic data which requires extensive analysis using appropriate tools. Bioinformatics is a rapidly evolving science that involves integrating gene based information and computational technology to produce new knowledge for the benefit of aquaculture. Bioinformatics provides new opportunities as well as challenges for information and data processing in new generation aquaculture. Rapid technical advancements have opened up a world of possibilities for using current genomics to improve aquaculture performance. Understanding the genes that govern economically relevant characteristics, necessitates a significant amount of additional research. The various dimensions of data sources includes next-generation DNA sequencing, protein sequencing, RNA sequencing gene expression profiles, metabolic pathways, molecular markers, and so on. Appropriate bioinformatics tools are developed to mine the biologically relevant and commercially useful results. The purpose of this scoping review is to present various arms of diverse bioinformatics tools with special emphasis on practical translation to the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Ashraf Rather
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries Ganderbal, Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kashmir, India.
| | - Deepak Agarwal
- Institute of Fisheries Post Graduation Studies OMR Campus, Vaniyanchavadi, Chennai, India
| | | | - Irfan Ahamd Khan
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries Ganderbal, Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kashmir, India
| | - Imran Zafar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Virtual University Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sujit Kumar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Virtual University Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Amin
- Postgraduate Institute of Fisheries Education and Research Kamdhenu University, Gandhinagar-India University of Kurasthra, India; Department of Aquatic Environmental Management, Faculty of Fisheries Rangil- Ganderbel -SKUAST-K, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Sundaray
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751002, India
| | - Tahiya Qadri
- Division of Food Science and Technology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, India
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Dietary Chlorella vulgaris mitigated the adverse effects of Imidacloprid on the growth performance, antioxidant, and immune responses of common carp ( Cyprinus carpio). ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2023-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The use of pesticides to eliminate pests and weeds has raised concerns about water pollution and adverse effects on aquatic organisms, so many efforts have been made to increase the resistance of fish to these pesticides by using a proper nutrition strategy. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the growth performance, antioxidant, and immune responses of fish exposed to Imidacloprid insecticide (C9H10ClN5O2) by different doses of Chlorella vulgaris dry powder to the diet of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). In this study, 600 common carp with a medium weight (18.10±0.2 g; Mean ± SE) were prepared and after adaptation and determination of lethal concentration of Imidacloprid, for 56 days in 6 treatments and each with 3 replications were classified and tested (Control (T1), 5% Chlorella vulgaris dry powder and no pollution (T2), 10% Chlorella vulgaris dry powder and no pollution (T3), No Chlorella vulgaris dry powder and 12.5% LC50 Imidacloprid (T4), 5% Chlorella vulgaris dry powder plus 12.5% LC50 imidacloprid (T5) and 10% Chlorella vulgaris dry powder plus 12.5% LC50 Imidacloprid (T6)). After 96 hours of exposure to distinct concentrations of the insecticide, the total mortality was measured and the Imidacloprid median lethal concentration (LC50) over 96 hours was calculated (266.2 mg/l) using Probit analysis. According to the result, common carp fed T2 had the highest final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), and specific growth rate (SGR), and the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) among the groups (P<0.05). Fish in the T2 group had the highest Total proteins, Albumin and Globulin (P<0.05). Fish in the group T4 had the highest Cortisol, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) levels in the blood, while fish fed T2 and T3 had low values (P<0.05). The Alternative Complement Pathway (ACH50) was significantly higher in T2 and T3 than other groups (P<0.05). Blood total Immunoglobulin (Ig) and Lysozyme activity were high in T2 and T3 groups, and had the lowest values in the T4 group (P<0.05). The Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) showed the highest activities in T2 (P<0.05). T4 group had the highest Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, while T2 and T3 groups had the lowest MDA level (P<0.05). The highest Amylase, Protease and Lipase were in the T2 group, while the lowest values were in the T4 group (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary Chlorella vulgaris protects common carp from Imidacloprid insecticide, since it improved growth performance, antioxidant and immune responses of fish.
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Fan C, Liu S, Dai W, He L, Xu H, Zhang H, Xue Q. Characterization of Vibrio mediterranei Isolates as Causative Agents of Vibriosis in Marine Bivalves. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0492322. [PMID: 36728415 PMCID: PMC10101119 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04923-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine bivalves include species important globally for aquaculture and estuary ecology. However, epizootics of variable etiologies often pose a threat to the marine fishery industry and ecosystem by causing significant mortalities in related species. One of such diseases is larval vibriosis caused by bacteria of the genus Vibrio, which frequently occurs and causes mass mortalities in bivalve larvae and juveniles in hatcheries. During a mass mortality of razor clam, Sinonovacula constricta, juveniles in a shellfish hatchery in 2019, Vibrio mediterranei was identified as a dominant bacterial species in diseased animals and their rearing water. In this study, we selected and characterized 11 V. mediterranei isolates and studied their pathogenicity to the larvae and juveniles of S. constricta and Crossostrea sikamea. We found that V. mediterranei isolates showed various degrees of pathogenicity to the experimental animals by immersion. Injection of the extracellular products (ECPs) of the strains into clam juveniles resulted in similar pathogenicity with strain immersion. Furthermore, the measurements of enzyme activity suggested the existence of virulence factors in the ECPs of disease-causing V. mediterranei strains. Additionally, proteomic analysis revealed that more than 700 differentially expressed proteins were detected in the ECPs among V. mediterranei strains with different levels of virulence, and the higher expressed proteins in the ECPs of highly virulent strains were involved mainly in the virulence-related pathways. This research represented the first characterization of the V. mediterranei strains as causative agents for larval bivalve vibriosis. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity and related strain variability are under further study. IMPORTANCE In the marine environment, Vibrio members have a significant impact on aquatic organisms. Larval vibriosis, caused by bacteria of the genus Vibrio, often poses a threat to the marine fishery industry and ecosystem by causing the mortality of bivalves. However, the emerging pathogens of larval vibriosis in bivalves have not been explored fully. Vibrio mediterranei, the dominant bacterium isolated from moribund clam juveniles in a mortality event, may be responsible for the massive mortality of bivalve juveniles and vibriosis occurrence. Thus, it is necessary to study the pathogenic mechanisms of V. mediterranei to bivalve larvae. We found that V. mediterranei was the pathogen of larval bivalve vibriosis, and its extracellular products contributed a critical role for virulence in juveniles. This research is the first report of V. mediterranei as a causative agent for vibriosis in bivalve juveniles. Our results provide valuable information for understanding the pathogenic mechanism of V. mediterranei to bivalve larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congling Fan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai, China
| | - Wenfang Dai
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai, China
| | - Lin He
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hongqiang Xu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai, China
| | - Qinggang Xue
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai, China
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Mabrok M, Algammal AM, Sivaramasamy E, Hetta HF, Atwah B, Alghamdi S, Fawzy A, Avendaño-Herrera R, Rodkhum C. Tenacibaculosis caused by Tenacibaculum maritimum: Updated knowledge of this marine bacterial fish pathogen. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1068000. [PMID: 36683696 PMCID: PMC9853564 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1068000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tenacibaculosis occurs due to the marine bacterial pathogen Tenacibaculum maritimum. This ulcerative disease causes high mortalities for various marine fish species worldwide. Several external clinical signs can arise, including mouth erosion, epidermal ulcers, fin necrosis, and tail rot. Research in the last 15 years has advanced knowledge on the traits and pathogenesis mechanisms of T. maritimum. Consequently, significant progress has been made in defining the complex host-pathogen relationship. Nevertheless, tenacibaculosis pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. Continued research is urgently needed, as demonstrated by recent reports on the re-emerging nature of tenacibaculosis in salmon farms globally. Current sanitary conditions compromise the development of effective alternatives to antibiotics, in addition to hindering potential preventive measures against tenacibaculosis. The present review compiles knowledge of T. maritimum reported after the 2006 review by Avendaño-Herrera and colleagues. Essential aspects are emphasized, including antigenic and genomic characterizations and molecular diagnostic procedures. Further summarized are the epidemiological foundations of the T. maritimum population structure and elucidations as to the virulence mechanisms of pathogenic isolates, as found using biological, microbiological, and genomic techniques. This comprehensive source of reference will undoubtable serve in tenacibaculosis prevention and control within the marine fish farming industry. Lastly, knowledge gaps and valuable research areas are indicated as potential guidance for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mabrok
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt,Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Center of Excellence in Fish Infectious Diseases (CE FID), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Abdelazeem M. Algammal
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Elayaraja Sivaramasamy
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Center of Excellence in Fish Infectious Diseases (CE FID), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Helal F. Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Banan Atwah
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aml Fawzy
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Directorate of Veterinary Medicine, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ruben Avendaño-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Patología de Organismos Acuáticos y Biotecnología Acuícola, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile,Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Viña del Mar, Chile,Centro de Investigación Marina Quintay (CIMARQ), Universidad Andrés Bello, Quintay, Chile,*Correspondence: Channarong Rodkhum, ; Ruben Avendaño-Herrera, ;
| | - Channarong Rodkhum
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Center of Excellence in Fish Infectious Diseases (CE FID), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,*Correspondence: Channarong Rodkhum, ; Ruben Avendaño-Herrera, ;
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Dietary Supplementation of Sophora flavescens Root Extract Improved the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Innate Immunity, and Disease Resistance against Edwardsiella tarda Challenge in Turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus). Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010069. [PMID: 36670931 PMCID: PMC9854624 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The impacts of dietary supplementation with graded levels of Sophora flavescens root extract (SFE) on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and resistance against Edwardsiella tarda challenge in Scophthalus maximus were investigated in this study. In all, 600 turbot (initial body weight: 8.38 ± 0.07 g) were randomly distributed in 12 tanks with 50 fish per tank and fed four experimental diets supplemented with 0, 0.05%, 0.1%, or 0.2% SFE (named as: SFE0, SFE0.05, SFE0.1, and SFE0.2, respectively), for 56 days. The results showed that 0.1% and 0.2% SFE supplementation have significantly increased the FBW, WGR, SGR, and PER of turbot, while decreased the FCR of turbot (p < 0.05). Dietary SFE supplementations have significantly increased the activities of plasma SOD, CAT, GPx, T-AOC, GST and LZM, decreased plasma MDA contents in turbot under normal or challenge condition (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, SFE addition dramatically enhanced the hepatic mRNA expression of antioxidant parameters (including Nrf2, Keap1, SOD, CAT, Trx2, GST and GR) during the normal condition. mRNA levels of NF-κB p65, IκBα, TNF-α, TGF-β, and IL-10 in the liver of fish were notably up-regulated by SFE treatment during normal condition (p < 0.05), while the transcription of IL-1β was down-regulated by SFE whenever under normal or challenge condition. 0.1% and 0.2% SFE administration have significantly increased the survival rate of turbot against E. tarda challenge (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary SFE supplementation improved the growth performance, antioxidant activity and disease resistance of turbot, and SFE could be a potential feed additive for turbot.
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Twumasi C, Jones O, Cable J. Spatial and temporal parasite dynamics: microhabitat preferences and infection progression of two co-infecting gyrodactylids. PARASITES & VECTORS 2022; 15:336. [PMID: 36153606 PMCID: PMC9508750 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05471-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Mathematical modelling of host-parasite systems has seen tremendous developments and broad applications in theoretical and applied ecology. The current study focuses on the infection dynamics of a gyrodactylid-fish system. Previous experimental studies have explored the infrapopulation dynamics of co-infecting ectoparasites, Gyrodactylus turnbulli and G. bullatarudis, on their fish host, Poecilia reticulata, but questions remain about parasite microhabitat preferences, host survival and parasite virulence over time. Here, we use more advanced statistics and a sophisticated mathematical model to investigate these questions based on empirical data to add to our understanding of this gyrodactylid-fish system. Methods A rank-based multivariate Kruskal-Wallis test coupled with its post-hoc tests and graphical summaries were used to investigate the spatial and temporal parasite distribution of different gyrodactylid strains across different host populations. By adapting a multi-state Markov model that extends the standard survival models, we improved previous estimates of survival probabilities. Finally, we quantified parasite virulence of three different strains as a function of host mortality and recovery across different fish stocks and sexes. Results We confirmed that the captive-bred G. turnbulli and wild G. bullatarudis strains preferred the caudal and rostral regions respectively across different fish stocks; however, the wild G. turnbulli strain changed microhabitat preference over time, indicating microhabitat preference of gyrodactylids is host and time dependent. The average time of host infection before recovery or death was between 6 and 14 days. For this gyrodactylid-fish system, a longer period of host infection led to a higher chance of host recovery. Parasite-related mortalities are host, sex and time dependent, whereas fish size is confirmed to be the key determinant of host recovery. Conclusion From existing empirical data, we provided new insights into the gyrodactylid-fish system. This study could inform the modelling of other host-parasite interactions where the entire infection history of the host is of interest by adapting multi-state Markov models. Such models are under-utilised in parasitological studies and could be expanded to estimate relevant epidemiological traits concerning parasite virulence and host survival. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05471-9.
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Villanueva M, Espinosa-Reyes G, Flores-Ramirez R, Rojas-Velazquez AN, López JCG, Vazquez-Valladolid A, Roque-Jimenez JA, Mendoza-Martinez GD, Hernandez-Garcia PA, Palacios-Martinez M, Chay-Canul AJ, Lee-Rangel HA. Herbal Vitamin C Prevents DNA Oxidation and Modifies the Metabolomic Water Profile of Tilapia ( Oreochromis spp.). LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12081243. [PMID: 36013422 PMCID: PMC9409982 DOI: 10.3390/life12081243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of herbal vitamin C at different levels on tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) growth, potential DNA damage, and the metabolomic profile of water effluent. Forty-five tilapias were housed in separate plastic tanks (80 L), and these were randomly assigned to three treatments: (a) a commercial diet (CD) only; (Nutripec Purina®); (b) the commercial diet plus 250 mg of herbal vitamin C (HVC)/kg (CD250); and (c) the commercial diet plus 500 mg of HVC/kg (CD500). Biometric measurements were taken each week, blood samples were collected from the caudal vein on the final day, and water effluent was taken each week and immediately frozen (-80 °C) until further analysis (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) systems). Data were completely randomized with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Upon including herbal vitamin C, the final BW (p = 0.05) and BWG (p = 0.06) increased linearly. Herbal vitamin C decreases DNA damage (p ≥ 0.05). PLS-DA showed a 41.6% variation between treatments in the water samples. Fifteen metabolites had the best association between treatments, with a stronger correlation with CD500. Herbal vitamin C could improve fish performance, prevent DNA damage, and influence changes in the metabolomic profile of the water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Villanueva
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Centro de Biociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones en Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Soledad de Graciano Sánchez 78000, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Espinosa-Reyes
- Facultad de Medicina—CIACYT, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Flores-Ramirez
- Facultad de Medicina—CIACYT, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Angel Natanael Rojas-Velazquez
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Centro de Biociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones en Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Soledad de Graciano Sánchez 78000, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos García López
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Centro de Biociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones en Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Soledad de Graciano Sánchez 78000, Mexico
| | - Anayeli Vazquez-Valladolid
- Facultad de Medicina—CIACYT, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - José Alejandro Roque-Jimenez
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana—Xochimilco, CDMX, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - German D. Mendoza-Martinez
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana—Xochimilco, CDMX, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Pedro A. Hernandez-Garcia
- Centro Universitario UAEM Amecameca, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Carretera Federal Amecameca-Ayapango km 2.5, Amecameca de Juárez 56900, Mexico
| | - Monika Palacios-Martinez
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana—Xochimilco, CDMX, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Alfonso J. Chay-Canul
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Teapa, km 25, R/A. La Huasteca 2ª Sección, Villahermosa 86280, Mexico
- Correspondence: (A.J.C.-C.); (H.A.L.-R.)
| | - Héctor A. Lee-Rangel
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Centro de Biociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones en Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Soledad de Graciano Sánchez 78000, Mexico
- Correspondence: (A.J.C.-C.); (H.A.L.-R.)
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Li M, Kong Y, Lai Y, Wu X, Zhang J, Niu X, Wang G. The effects of dietary supplementation of α-lipoic acid on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune response, and disease resistance of northern snakehead, Channa argus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 126:57-72. [PMID: 35598741 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The study was the first time to explore the positive effects of α-LA on growth performance, antioxidant capability, immunity, and disease resistance of northern snakehead (Channa argus). Five hundred and forty northern snakehead fish (initial body weight: 8.74 ± 0.12 g (mean ± SE)) were randomly allocated into six groups with three replicates each. Six diets supplemented with α-LA at doses of 0 (CON), 300 (LA300), 600 (LA600), 900 (LA900), 1200 (LA1200), and 1500 (LA1500) mg/kg were fed to northern snakehead for 8 weeks. The results demonstrated that, when compared with the control group, optimal dietary α-LA increased the weight gain (WG), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and specific growth rate (SGR) and reduced the feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the fish (P < 0.05). Also, optimal dietary α-LA enhanced the immune-related parameters and antioxidant enzyme parameters levels in the head kidney, spleen, and liver of northern snakehead (P < 0.05). Dietary α-LA upregulated the mRNA expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (il10 and tgfβ) and antioxidant related genes (gst, gsh-px, gr and Cu/Zn sod), down-regulated the pro-inflammatory cytokines (il1β, il8, il12 and tnfα) mRNA levels in the liver, spleen and head kidney of the northern snakehead (P < 0.05). The above results demonstrated that optimal dietary α-LA showed enhancement effects on the growth, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capability, and immune response of northern snakehead. The survival rates in all α-LA treatments were significantly raised after the challenge with Aeromonas veronii (P < 0.05). Based on the quadratic regression analysis of WG, GSH-Px, LYS, and il1β, the optimal dietary α-LA levels were estimated to be 737.0, 775.0, 890.0, and 916.7 mg/kg, respectively. Considering the overall responses in growth performance, antioxidant status, immune response, and inflammatory factors, the recommended dose of α-LA in the diet of fish is 737.0-916.7 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yidi Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Yingqian Lai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xueqin Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xiaotian Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Guiqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Liu YS, Deng Y, Chen CK, Khoo BL, Chua SL. Rapid detection of microorganisms in a fish infection microfluidics platform. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128572. [PMID: 35278965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate access to clean water is detrimental to human health and aquatic industries. Waterborne pathogens can survive prolonged periods in aquatic bodies, infect commercially important seafood, and resist water disinfection, resulting in human infections. Environmental agencies and research laboratories require a relevant, portable, and cost-effective platform to monitor microbial pathogens and assess their risk of infection on a large scale. Advances in microfluidics enable better control and higher precision than traditional culture-based pathogen monitoring approaches. We demonstrated a rapid, high-throughput fish-based teleost (fish)-microbe (TelM) microfluidic-based device that simultaneously monitors waterborne pathogens in contaminated waters and assesses their infection potential under well-defined settings. A chamber-associated port allows direct access to the animal, while the transparency of the TelM platform enables clear observation of sensor readouts. As proof-of-concept, we established a wound infection model using Pseudomonas aeruginosa-contaminated water in the TelM platform, where bacteria formed biofilms on the wound and secreted a biofilm metabolite, pyoverdine. Pyoverdine was used as fluorescent sensor to correlate P. aeruginosa contamination to infection. The TelM platform was validated with environmental waterborne microbes from marine samples. Overall, the TelM platform can be readily applied to assess microbial and chemical risk in aquatic bodies in resource-constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sylvia Liu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanlin Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Kwan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bee Luan Khoo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Center for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE), Hong Kong, China; City University of Hong Kong - Futian Shenzhen Research Institute, China.
| | - Song Lin Chua
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Deep Space Explorations, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Biological Safety Control, China.
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Algammal AM, Alfifi KJ, Mabrok M, Alatawy M, Abdel-moneam DA, Alghamdi S, Azab MM, Ibrahim RA, Hetta HF, El-Tarabili RM. Newly Emerging MDR B. cereus in Mugil seheli as the First Report Commonly Harbor nhe, hbl, cytK, and pc-plc Virulence Genes and bla1, bla2, tetA, and ermA Resistance Genes. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:2167-2185. [PMID: 35498633 PMCID: PMC9052338 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s365254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bacillus cereus is a common food poisoning pathogen in humans. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, molecular typing, antibiogram profile, pathogenicity, dissemination of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes associated with natural B. cereus infection among Mugil seheli. Methods Consequently, 120 M. seheli (40 healthy and 80 diseased) were obtained from private fish farms in Port-said Governorate, Egypt. Afterward, samples were processed for clinical, post-mortem, and bacteriological examinations. The recovered isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, phenotypic assessment of virulence factors, pathogeneicity, and PCR-based detection of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. Results B. cereus was isolated from 30 (25%) examined fish; the highest prevalence was noticed in the liver (50%). The phylogenetic and sequence analyses of the gyrB gene revealed that the tested B. cereus isolate displayed a high genetic similarity with other B. cereus strains from different origins. All the recovered B. cereus isolates (n =60, 100%) exhibited β-hemolytic and lecithinase activities, while 90% (54/60) of the tested isolates were biofilm producers. Using PCR, the tested B. cereus isolates harbor nhe, hbl, cytK, pc-plc, and ces virulence genes with prevalence rates of 91.6%, 86.6%, 83.4%, 50%, and 33.4%, respectively. Moreover, 40% (24/60) of the tested B. cereus isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) to six antimicrobial classes and carried the bla1, bla2, tetA, and ermA genes. The experimentally infected fish with B. cereus showed variable mortality in direct proportion to the inoculated doses. Conclusion As far as we know, this is the first report that emphasized the existence of MDR B. cereus in M. seheli that reflects a threat to the public health and the aquaculture sector. Newly emerging MDR B. cereus in M. seheli commonly carried virulence genes nhe, hbl, cytK, and pc-plc, as well as resistance genes bla1, bla2, tetA, and ermA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelazeem M Algammal
- Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Khyreyah J Alfifi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk, 71421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Mabrok
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Marfat Alatawy
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk, 71421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia A Abdel-moneam
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa M Azab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Reham A Ibrahim
- Marine Environmental Division- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Suez, 43511, Egypt
| | - Helal F Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Reham M El-Tarabili
- Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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20
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Cao Y, Kou T, Peng L, Munang'andu HM, Peng B. Fructose Promotes Crucian Carp Survival Against Aeromonas hydrophila Infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:865560. [PMID: 35386717 PMCID: PMC8979172 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.865560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquatic food is becoming an important food source that provides micronutrients to human beings. The decline of wild aquatic animals makes aquaculture become increasingly important to play this role. However, infectious diseases, especially bacterial infection, represent severe threat to aquaculture, which causes huge economic loss. Meanwhile, strategies in managing bacterial infection in an antibiotic-independent way are still lacking. In this study, we monitor the metabolomic shift of crucian carp upon Aeromonas hydrophila infection. We find that the metabolism of the fish that died of infection is distinct from the ones that survived. By multivariate analysis, we identify fructose as a crucial biomarker whose abundance is significantly different from the dying and surviving groups where the surviving group has a higher content of fructose than the dying group. Exogenous supplementation of fructose increases fish survival rate by 27.2%. Quantitative gene expression analysis demonstrated that fructose enhances the expression of lysozyme and complement 3 expression, which is also confirmed in the serum level. Furthermore, the augmented lysozyme and C3 levels enhance serum cell lytic activity which contribute to the reduced bacterial load in vivo. Thus, our study demonstrates a metabolism-based approach to manage bacterial infection through modulating immune response to clear bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Tianshun Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Liaotian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Bo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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21
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Liu J, Zhang P, Wang B, Lu Y, Li L, Li Y, Liu S. Evaluation of the effects of Astragalus polysaccharides as immunostimulants on the immune response of crucian carp and against SVCV in vitro and in vivo. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 253:109249. [PMID: 34822998 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect and antiviral activity of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) in crucian carp and epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC) cells. Two diets containing 0 and 2 g/kg, APS were fed crucian carp for 56 days. The results showed that supplementation with APS significantly upregulated the immune-related indices including the levels of IgM, the activities of LZM, AKP and ACP, and the contents of C3 and C4. At the same time, compared with the CK group, adding APS to the feed significantly upregulated the expression of IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β, IFN-α, IFN-γ, MyD88, TGF-β and TNF-α in the spleen, kidney, liver and intestine of crucian carp. In addition, when the crucian carp were injected with SVCV, the survival rates of fish in the APS group and the control group were 48.87% and 13.76%, respectively. These results indicated that dietary APS could improve the resistance of crucian carp against SVCV infection. APS also significantly decreased viral titer and inhibited apoptosis induced by SVCV in EPC cells. These results indicated that APS could stimulate the immune response of crucian carp and improve the abilities of crucian carp and EPC cells to resist SVCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Health Monitoring and Inspection Center of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Health Monitoring and Inspection Center of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuting Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Liang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yuehong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
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22
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Mugwanya M, Dawood MA, Kimera F, Sewilam H. Anthropogenic temperature fluctuations and their effect on aquaculture: A comprehensive review. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Garza M, Mohan CV, Brunton L, Wieland B, Häsler B. Typology of interventions for antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture systems in low- and middle-income countries. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2022; 59:106495. [PMID: 34896577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2021.106495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Indiscriminate antimicrobial use (AMU) in aquaculture to treat and prevent diseases is common and can lead to the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant micro-organisms, potentially impacting public health and connected ecosystems. This study aimed to develop a typology to classify and characterise interventions to reduce AMU in aquaculture and identify points of action. Seventeen aquaculture and animal health professionals in Asian and African countries were interviewed to gather information on characteristics of interventions in different contexts to develop a typology. Seven types of interventions were defined: (i) legislation and regulations; (ii) industry rules and standards; (iii) voluntary instruments; (iv) commercial technology and alternatives to antimicrobials; (v) on-farm management; (vi) learning and awareness-raising; and (vii) activities with co-benefits. Types were based on intervention function, scope of implementation, implementer, compulsion, strength of the intervention, AMU/antimicrobial resistance (AMR) objective and stakeholder to influence. For each type, examples were described and discussed. The most common interventions to address AMU and AMR were legislative and regulatory frameworks and voluntary instruments, including National Action Plans. Interventions addressing AMU/AMR specifically were scarce. Other interventions focused on indirect effect pathways to AMU and AMR reduction aiming to improve good aquaculture practices, disease prevention and improved management. Monitoring and evaluation of these interventions were found to be rare, only present for interventions driven by development projects and international agencies. The presented typology of existing strategies and interventions addressing AMU/AMR in aquaculture systems can guide evaluation of AMR-sensitive interventions that promote responsible AMU, and informs the design and implementation of future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Garza
- Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics and Public Health Group, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Chadag V Mohan
- WorldFish, Jalan Batu Maung, Batu Maung, 11960 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Lucy Brunton
- Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics and Public Health Group, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Wieland
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Mittelhäusern, Switzerland; Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Häsler
- Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics and Public Health Group, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom
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Trebilco R, Fleming A, Hobday AJ, Melbourne-Thomas J, Meyer A, McDonald J, McCormack PC, Anderson K, Bax N, Corney SP, Dutra LXC, Fogarty HE, McGee J, Mustonen K, Mustonen T, Norris KA, Ogier E, Constable AJ, Pecl GT. Warming world, changing ocean: mitigation and adaptation to support resilient marine systems. REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES 2022. [PMID: 34566277 DOI: 10.22541/au.160193478.81087102/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Proactive and coordinated action to mitigate and adapt to climate change will be essential for achieving the healthy, resilient, safe, sustainably harvested and biodiverse ocean that the UN Decade of Ocean Science and sustainable development goals (SDGs) seek. Ocean-based mitigation actions could contribute 12% of the emissions reductions required by 2030 to keep warming to less than 1.5 ºC but, because substantial warming is already locked in, extensive adaptation action is also needed. Here, as part of the Future Seas project, we use a "foresighting/hindcasting" technique to describe two scenarios for 2030 in the context of climate change mitigation and adaptation for ocean systems. The "business-as-usual" future is expected if current trends continue, while an alternative future could be realised if society were to effectively use available data and knowledge to push as far as possible towards achieving the UN SDGs. We identify three drivers that differentiate between these alternative futures: (i) appetite for climate action, (ii) handling extreme events, and (iii) climate interventions. Actions that could navigate towards the optimistic, sustainable and technically achievable future include:(i)proactive creation and enhancement of economic incentives for mitigation and adaptation;(ii)supporting the proliferation of local initiatives to spur a global transformation;(iii)enhancing proactive coastal adaptation management;(iv)investing in research to support adaptation to emerging risks;(v)deploying marine-based renewable energy;(vi)deploying marine-based negative emissions technologies;(vii)developing and assessing solar radiation management approaches; and(viii)deploying appropriate solar radiation management approaches to help safeguard critical ecosystems. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11160-021-09678-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan Trebilco
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Aysha Fleming
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- CSIRO Land & Water, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Alistair J Hobday
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jess Melbourne-Thomas
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Amelie Meyer
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jan McDonald
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Faculty of Law, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Phillipa C McCormack
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Faculty of Law, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Kelli Anderson
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Narissa Bax
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Stuart P Corney
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Leo X C Dutra
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Brisbane, Australia
- Blue Economy CRC-Co Ltd, Newnham, Australia
| | - Hannah E Fogarty
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jeffrey McGee
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Faculty of Law, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | | | | | - Kimberley A Norris
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Emily Ogier
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Andrew J Constable
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Gretta T Pecl
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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25
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Eck JL, Barrès B, Soubeyrand S, Sirén J, Numminen E, Laine AL. Strain Diversity and Spatial Distribution Are Linked to Epidemic Dynamics in Host Populations. Am Nat 2022; 199:59-74. [DOI: 10.1086/717179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Rahmatelahi H, El-Matbouli M, Menanteau-Ledouble S. Delivering the pain: an overview of the type III secretion system with special consideration for aquatic pathogens. Vet Res 2021; 52:146. [PMID: 34924019 PMCID: PMC8684695 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-021-01015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria are known to subvert eukaryotic cell physiological mechanisms using a wide array of virulence factors, among which the type three-secretion system (T3SS) is often one of the most important. The T3SS constitutes a needle-like apparatus that the bacterium uses to inject a diverse set of effector proteins directly into the cytoplasm of the host cells where they can hamper the host cellular machinery for a variety of purposes. While the structure of the T3SS is somewhat conserved and well described, effector proteins are much more diverse and specific for each pathogen. The T3SS can remodel the cytoskeleton integrity to promote intracellular invasion, as well as silence specific eukaryotic cell signals, notably to hinder or elude the immune response and cause apoptosis. This is also the case in aquatic bacterial pathogens where the T3SS can often play a central role in the establishment of disease, although it remains understudied in several species of important fish pathogens, notably in Yersinia ruckeri. In the present review, we summarise what is known of the T3SS, with a special focus on aquatic pathogens and suggest some possible avenues for research including the potential to target the T3SS for the development of new anti-virulence drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Rahmatelahi
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mansour El-Matbouli
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon Menanteau-Ledouble
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
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Li M, Kong Y, Wu X, Yin Z, Niu X, Wang G. Dietary α-lipoic acid can alleviate the bioaccumulation, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and inflammation induced by lead (Pb) in Channa argus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:249-261. [PMID: 34653663 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effects of dietary α-lipoic acid (α-LA) on bioaccumulation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in Channa argus after 28 d of lead (Pb) exposure. A total of 300 fish were divided into five groups: the first group was the control group and the other four groups were exposed to waterborne Pb (800 ppb) and fed α-LA diets supplemented with 0, 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg. The results demonstrated that dietary α-LA effectively reduced the Pb accumulation in the liver, kidney, gill, intestine, and muscle of C. argus after exposure to Pb. Meanwhile, dietary α-LA reversed alterations in the biochemical parameters (Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), cortisol (COR), and creatinine (CRE)) and immunity parameters (myeloperoxidase (MPO), complement 3 (C3), lysozyme (LYS), complement 4 (C4), C-reactive protein (CRP), and immunoglobulin M (IgM)) in the serum of fish caused by Pb. Pb-induced reduction of antioxidant enzyme activities (Catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)) was inhibited by dietary α-LA. And malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) content exhibited an opposite trend. Meanwhile, dietary supplemented with α-LA was found to relieve Pb-induced oxidative stress by downregulating Keap1 mRNA expression levels and upregulating the expression levels of CAT, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), GSH-Px, and Cu/Zn SOD. Furthermore, α-LA supplementation reversed Pb-induced upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)), Pro-apoptotic genes (Bcl-2-associated X (Bax), caspase (Cas)-3, and tumor protein p53 (p53)) and Hsp70, and downregulation of anti-inflammatory genes (IL-10, inhibitor of κBα (IκBα), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)) and anti-apoptosis gene (B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)). Overall, dietary α-LA supplementation could enhance the innate immunity and antioxidant capacity of fish, attenuating the Pb accumulation, and cell apoptosis after being exposed to Pb. Furthermore, dietary α-LA could relieve Pb-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress of fish via regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yidi Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xueqin Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhuang Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xiaotian Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Guiqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Chiu ST, Chu TW, Simangunsong T, Ballantyne R, Chiu CS, Liu CH. Probiotic, Lactobacillus pentosus BD6 boost the growth and health status of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei via oral administration. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 117:124-135. [PMID: 34343542 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess and determine the oral-administration of probiotic, Lactobacillus pentosus BD6 on growth performance, immunity and disease resistance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Lac. pentosus BD6 effectively inhibited the growth of aquatic pathogens, which was used in the test. Shrimp were fed with the control diet (without probiotic supplement) for 60 days and the probiotic-containing diets at 107, 108, 109, and 1010 cfu kg-1, respectively. Shrimp fed with the diet containing probiotic at the doses of 109-10 cfu kg-1 showed significant increase in growth performance as well as feed efficiency than that of the control. After a challenge test with Vibrio alginolyticus, shrimp fed with a probiotic diet at a dose of 1010 cfu kg-1 showed a significantly lower mortality as compared to the control and that of shrimp fed the diet containing probiotic at the levels up to 107-8 cfu kg-1. In addition, a therapeutic potential of Lac. pentosus BD6 was discovered because the cumulative mortalities of shrimp fed with probiotic and pathogen V. parahaemolyticus simultaneously were significantly lower when compared to control shrimp. Probiotic in diet at a dose of 109-10 cfu kg-1 significantly increased PO activity of shrimp, while shrimp receiving probiotic at the doses of 108-10 cfu kg-1 showed significant increase in lysozyme activity and phagocytic activity. Shrimp fed with the diet containing probiotic at the level of 1010 cfu kg-1 also indicated higher gene expression of prophenoloxidase (proPO) I, but not proPO II, lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-glucan-binding protein and penaeidin 4. Analysis of the bacterial microbiota of the shrimp intestine revealed that oral administration of probiotic increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced the abundance of harmful pathogenic bacteria in the gut flora of shrimp. Despite no statistically significant difference, an analysis of microbial diversity recorded higher species richness, Shannon-Weaver diversity index and evenness in the probiotic group, compared to the control group. It was concluded that Lac. pentosus BD6 has great antibacterial ability against a wide range of pathogens and has therapeutic potential to reduce the mortality of shrimp infected with V. parahaemolyticus. Additionally, dietary Lac. pentosus BD6 at the level of 1010 cfu kg-1 was recommended to improve growth performance, immunity and disease resistance of shrimp against V. alginolyticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shieh-Tsung Chiu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Tah-Wei Chu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 811, Taiwan
| | | | - Rolissa Ballantyne
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Shia Chiu
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Liu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan; Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan.
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Trebilco R, Fleming A, Hobday AJ, Melbourne-Thomas J, Meyer A, McDonald J, McCormack PC, Anderson K, Bax N, Corney SP, Dutra LXC, Fogarty HE, McGee J, Mustonen K, Mustonen T, Norris KA, Ogier E, Constable AJ, Pecl GT. Warming world, changing ocean: mitigation and adaptation to support resilient marine systems. REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES 2021; 32:39-63. [PMID: 34566277 PMCID: PMC8453030 DOI: 10.1007/s11160-021-09678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Proactive and coordinated action to mitigate and adapt to climate change will be essential for achieving the healthy, resilient, safe, sustainably harvested and biodiverse ocean that the UN Decade of Ocean Science and sustainable development goals (SDGs) seek. Ocean-based mitigation actions could contribute 12% of the emissions reductions required by 2030 to keep warming to less than 1.5 ºC but, because substantial warming is already locked in, extensive adaptation action is also needed. Here, as part of the Future Seas project, we use a "foresighting/hindcasting" technique to describe two scenarios for 2030 in the context of climate change mitigation and adaptation for ocean systems. The "business-as-usual" future is expected if current trends continue, while an alternative future could be realised if society were to effectively use available data and knowledge to push as far as possible towards achieving the UN SDGs. We identify three drivers that differentiate between these alternative futures: (i) appetite for climate action, (ii) handling extreme events, and (iii) climate interventions. Actions that could navigate towards the optimistic, sustainable and technically achievable future include:(i)proactive creation and enhancement of economic incentives for mitigation and adaptation;(ii)supporting the proliferation of local initiatives to spur a global transformation;(iii)enhancing proactive coastal adaptation management;(iv)investing in research to support adaptation to emerging risks;(v)deploying marine-based renewable energy;(vi)deploying marine-based negative emissions technologies;(vii)developing and assessing solar radiation management approaches; and(viii)deploying appropriate solar radiation management approaches to help safeguard critical ecosystems. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11160-021-09678-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan Trebilco
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Aysha Fleming
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- CSIRO Land & Water, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Alistair J. Hobday
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jess Melbourne-Thomas
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Amelie Meyer
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jan McDonald
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Faculty of Law, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Phillipa C. McCormack
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Faculty of Law, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Kelli Anderson
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Narissa Bax
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Stuart P. Corney
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Leo X. C. Dutra
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Brisbane, Australia
- Blue Economy CRC-Co Ltd, Newnham, Australia
| | - Hannah E. Fogarty
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jeffrey McGee
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Faculty of Law, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Emily Ogier
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | | | - Gretta T. Pecl
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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Pereira Cordeiro R, Aparecida de Campos Braga P, Souza Rocha MJ, Campos Chagas E, Reyes Reyes FG. Depletion study and estimation of the withdrawal period for albendazole in tambaqui ( Colossoma macropomum) parasitised by acanthocephalan ( Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae) treated with albendazole-containing feed. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:1883-1896. [PMID: 34477497 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1954700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study provides the first data related to albendazole (ABZ) and its main metabolites [albendazole sulphoxide (ABZSO), albendazole sulphone (ABZSO2), and albendazole-2-amino sulphone (ABZ-2-NH2-SO2)] residue depletion in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) parasitised by acanthocephalan (Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae). The ABZ withdrawal period was also calculated. The fish received a daily dose of 10 mg ABZ kg-1 body weight (b.w.) via medicated feed for 34 days. Samples of target tissue (muscle plus skin in natural proportions) were collected 24, 48, 72, 120, 168, 240, and 336 h after the end of ABZ administration. The quantitation of ABZ residues and its metabolites in the target tissue was performed using a validated ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analytical method. After treatment, ABZ in the target tissue was rapidly metabolised over time, and ABZSO was the most persistent metabolite and was shown to be at the highest levels in the target tissue. Considering the maximum residue limit (MRL) established by Codex Alimentarius in the muscle (100 μg kg-1, species not specified), a withdrawal period of 4 days (112 °C-day) was estimated for the total residue (sum of ABZ and its metabolite residues). Considering data reported in the literature and data obtained in this study, it is suggested that the total residue be considered as marker residue to be adopted for fish in the legislative framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaelle Pereira Cordeiro
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Felix Guillermo Reyes Reyes
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Soltani M, Baldisserotto B, Hosseini Shekarabi SP, Shafiei S, Bashiri M. Lactococcosis a Re-Emerging Disease in Aquaculture: Disease Significant and Phytotherapy. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8090181. [PMID: 34564575 PMCID: PMC8473265 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8090181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactococcosis, particularly that caused by Lactococcus garvieae, is a major re-emerging bacterial disease seriously affecting the sustainability of aquaculture industry. Medicinal herbs and plants do not have very much in vitro antagonism and in vivo disease resistance towards lactococcosis agents in aquaculture. Most in vitro studies with herbal extractives were performed against L. garvieae with no strong antibacterial activity, but essential oils, especially those that contain thymol or carvacrol, are more effective. The differences exhibited by the bacteriostatic and bactericidal functions for a specific extractive in different studies could be due to different bacterial strains or parts of chemotypes of the same plant. Despite essential oils being shown to have the best anti-L. garvieae activity in in vitro assays, the in vivo bioassays required further study. The extracts tested under in vivo conditions presented moderate efficacy, causing a decrease in mortality in infected animals, probably because they improved immune parameters before challenging tests. This review addressed the efficacy of medicinal herbs to lactococcosis and discussed the presented gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Soltani
- Freshwater Fish Group and Fish Health Unit, Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1419963111, Iran;
- Correspondence: or
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil;
| | | | - Shafigh Shafiei
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord 64165478, Iran;
| | - Masoumeh Bashiri
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1419963111, Iran;
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Diwan AD, Harke SN, Gopalkrishna, Panche AN. Aquaculture industry prospective from gut microbiome of fish and shellfish: An overview. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 106:441-469. [PMID: 34355428 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The microbiome actually deals with micro-organisms that are associated with indigenous body parts and the entire gut system in all animals, including human beings. These microbes are linked with roles involving hereditary traits, defence against diseases and strengthening overall immunity, which determines the health status of an organism. Considerable efforts have been made to find out the microbiome diversity and their taxonomic identification in finfish and shellfish and its importance has been correlated with various physiological functions and activities. In recent past due to the availability of advanced molecular tools, some efforts have also been made on DNA sequencing of these microbes to understand the environmental impact and other stress factors on their genomic structural profile. There are reports on the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, including amplicon and shot-gun approaches, and associated bioinformatics tools to count and classify commensal microbiome at the species level. The microbiome present in the whole body, particularly in the gut systems of finfish and shellfish, not only contributes to digestion but also has an impact on nutrition, growth, reproduction, immune system and vulnerability of the host fish to diseases. Therefore, the study of such microbial communities is highly relevant for the development of new and innovative bio-products which will be a vital source to build bio and pharmaceutical industries, including aquaculture. In recent years, attempts have been made to discover the chemical ingredients present in these microbes in the form of biomolecules/bioactive compounds with their functions and usefulness for various health benefits, particularly for the treatment of different types of disorders in animals. Therefore, it has been speculated that microbiomes hold great promise not only as a cure for ailments but also as a preventive measure for the number of infectious diseases. This kind of exploration of new breeds of microbes with their miraculous ingredients will definitely help to accelerate the development of the drugs, pharmaceutical and other biological related industries. Probiotic research and bioinformatics skills will further escalate these opportunities in the sector. In the present review, efforts have been made to collect comprehensive information on the finfish and shellfish microbiome, their diversity and functional properties, relationship with diseases, health status, data on species-specific metagenomics, probiotic research and bioinformatics skills. Further, emphasis has also been made to carry out microbiome research on priority basis not only to keep healthy environment of the fish farming sector but also for the sustainable growth of biological related industries, including aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind D Diwan
- Mahatma Gandhi Mission's (MGM) Institute of Biosciences and Technology, MGM University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay N Harke
- Mahatma Gandhi Mission's (MGM) Institute of Biosciences and Technology, MGM University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gopalkrishna
- Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE, Deemed University), ICAR, Mumbai, India
| | - Archana N Panche
- Mahatma Gandhi Mission's (MGM) Institute of Biosciences and Technology, MGM University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
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A Review of the Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) from Cow, Sheep and Goat Models. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158046. [PMID: 34360812 PMCID: PMC8347029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This review provides insight into the importance of understanding NETosis in cows, sheep, and goats in light of the importance to their health, welfare and use as animal models. Neutrophils are essential to innate immunity, pathogen infection, and inflammatory diseases. The relevance of NETosis as a conserved innate immune response mechanism and the translational implications for public health are presented. Increased understanding of NETosis in ruminants will contribute to the prediction of pathologies and design of strategic interventions targeting NETs. This will help to control pathogens such as coronaviruses and inflammatory diseases such as mastitis that impact all mammals, including humans. Definition of unique attributes of NETosis in ruminants, in comparison to what has been observed in humans, has significant translational implications for one health and global food security, and thus warrants further study.
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Kumar V, Roy S, Behera BK, Bossier P, Das BK. Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND): Virulence, Pathogenesis and Mitigation Strategies in Shrimp Aquaculture. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:524. [PMID: 34437395 PMCID: PMC8402356 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13080524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Shrimp, as a high-protein animal food commodity, are one of the fastest growing food producing sectors in the world. It has emerged as a highly traded seafood product, currently exceeding 8 MT of high value. However, disease outbreaks, which are considered as the primary cause of production loss in shrimp farming, have moved to the forefront in recent years and brought socio-economic and environmental unsustainability to the shrimp aquaculture industry. Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), caused by Vibrio spp., is a relatively new farmed penaeid shrimp bacterial disease. The shrimp production in AHPND affected regions has dropped to ~60%, and the disease has caused a global loss of USD 43 billion to the shrimp farming industry. The conventional approaches, such as antibiotics and disinfectants, often applied for the mitigation or cure of AHPND, have had limited success. Additionally, their usage has been associated with alteration of host gut microbiota and immunity and development of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens. For example, the Mexico AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus strain (13-306D/4 and 13-511/A1) were reported to carry tetB gene coding for tetracycline resistance gene, and V. campbellii from China was found to carry multiple antibiotic resistance genes. As a consequence, there is an urgent need to thoroughly understand the virulence mechanism of AHPND-causing Vibrio spp. and develop novel management strategies to control AHPND in shrimp aquaculture, that will be crucially important to ensure food security in the future and offer economic stability to farmers. In this review, the most important findings of AHPND are highlighted, discussed and put in perspective, and some directions for future research are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Kumar
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AEBN) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore 700120, India; (S.R.); (B.K.B.); (B.K.D.)
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Suvra Roy
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AEBN) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore 700120, India; (S.R.); (B.K.B.); (B.K.D.)
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Bijay Kumar Behera
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AEBN) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore 700120, India; (S.R.); (B.K.B.); (B.K.D.)
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Basanta Kumar Das
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AEBN) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore 700120, India; (S.R.); (B.K.B.); (B.K.D.)
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Jiang M, Yang LF, Zheng J, Chen ZG, Peng B. Maltose promotes crucian carp survival against Aeromonas sobrial infection at high temperature. Virulence 2021; 11:877-888. [PMID: 32698656 PMCID: PMC7549911 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1787604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature influences fish’s susceptibility to infectious disease through an immune response. However, the mechanism underlying this regulation is yet to be elucidated. In this study, we compared the susceptibility of crucian carp that were grown at 18°C and 33°C, respectively, to Aeromonas sobrial infection and found that crucian carp was more susceptible when grown at 33°C. These distinct susceptibilities of fish at different temperatures to infection may partially be explained by their differences in the metabolism as revealed by comparative metabolomics profiling: crucian carp demonstrated enhanced TCA cycle but reduced fatty acid biosynthesis; Our study also found that maltose was the most suppressed metabolite in fish grown at 33°C. Importantly, exogenous injection of maltose enhances crucian carp survival grown at 33°C by 30%. Further study showed that exogenous maltose downregulated the production of several cytokines but enhanced the lysozyme (lyz) and complement component c3, which involves the humoral innate immunity. Our results suggest that maltose promotes the survival of crucian carp likely through fine tuning the immune gene expression, and this finding provides a novel approach to manage bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City , Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) , Zhuhai, China
| | - Li-Fen Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City , Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau , Macau SAR, China
| | - Zhuang-Gui Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City , Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Peng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City , Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) , Zhuhai, China
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Li A, Thwaite R, Kellie S, Barnes AC. Serum IgM heavy chain sub-isotypes and light chain variants revealed in giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus) via protein A affinity purification, mass spectrometry and genome sequencing. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 113:42-50. [PMID: 33794338 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two IgM heavy (H) chain sub-isotypes (80 and 40 kDa) and two light (L) chain variants (25 and 30 kDa) were detected in the serum of giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus), purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by protein A affinity chromatography. This method yielded 5.6 mg/mL high purity IgM from grouper serum, with efficiency estimated at 39.5% recovery from crude serum. The H and L chains were identified by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry (MS). Nanopore long-read sequencing was used to generate a genomic contig (MW768935), containing Cμ, Cδ loci, VH regions, and a H chain Joining segment. cDNA sequencing of Cμ transcripts (MW768933 and MW768934) were used to polish the genomic contig and determine the exons and introns of the corresponding locus. MS peptide mapping revealed that the 80 kDa H chain consisted of CH1-4 domains while peptides from the 40 kDa H chain only mapped to CH1-2 domains. Our genomic contig showed the Cμ locus has a Cμ1-Cμ2-Cμ3-Cμ4 arrangement on the same strand as the other Ig loci identified in this genomic sequence. Our study corrects the NCBI annotations of the opposing Cμ loci (LOC117268697 and LOC117268550) in chromosome 16 (NC_047006). Further, we identified both κ and λ L chain isotypes in serum IgM. The molecular weight differences observed may result from different combinations of CL and VL genes. Putative IgM sub-isotypes have also been reported in Epinephelus itajara and Epinephelus coioides. The presence of IgM sub-isotypes may be a conserved trait among Epinephelus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus Li
- The University of Queensland, School of Biological Sciences, Australia
| | - Rosemary Thwaite
- The University of Queensland, School of Biological Sciences, Australia
| | - Stuart Kellie
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Brisbane, QLD4072, Australia
| | - Andrew C Barnes
- The University of Queensland, School of Biological Sciences, Australia.
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Effect of Fortified Feed with Phyto-Extract on the First Physical Barrier (Mucus) of Labeo rohita. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051308. [PMID: 34062790 PMCID: PMC8147292 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pathogens of fish are a serious issue faced by farmers and a great threat to the country’s economy. Overuse of antibiotics leads to antibiotic-resistant strains of the bacterial pathogens; residues of the antibiotics also accumulate in the tissue of the fish and are responsible for environmental problems. Therefore, the use of antibiotic alternatives should be explored as a new approach to immunotherapy to prevent or to cure preexisting infections. Previous research has concluded that the use of herbal extracts enhances the immunity of fish against several fish pathogens such as bacteria and other protozoon parasites. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two different fortified feeds with different concentrations of Withania coagulans and Zingiber officinale on the fish mucus of Labeo rohita. The mucus was tested against five pathogenic bacteria in-vitro while fish was tested against the ectoparasite Lernaea (in-vivo). Our result showed that Z. officinale proves an efficient immune stimulator for the L. rohita against the tested organism (both in vivo and in vitro). Hence, it can be used as an effective solution against the emerging diseases of cultured fish. Abstract The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of two different fortified feeds with different concentrations of two important medicinal plants (Withania coagulans and Zingiber officinale) on the mucosal immunity of Labeo rohita. After a dietary intervention, mucus was tested against five pathogenic bacteria (in-vitro), while experimental fish were tested against the ectoparasite (Lernaea) (in-vivo). Our results revealed that all fish groups fed with different concentrations (1, 1.5, and 2%) of Z. officinale had low molecular weight proteins and did not develop any significant signs of parasitic infection, with low mortality rate; whereas the groups that were fed with W. coagulans (particularly with 1% and 2%), including a control group, developed rapid signs of infection with high mortality rate. The highest hemagglutination titer value was recorded for the fish fed with 1% and 1.5% of Z. officinale. The lowest value was found for the fish fed with 2% of W. coagulans. The mucus of all fish of fortified groups was active and inhibited the growth of tested bacterial pathogens as compared to the control group. Further, Z. officinale groups showed greater efficacy against bacteria as compared to the W. coagulans groups. In conclusion, Z. officinale can be considered as a potential and functional ingredient in aquaculture feed. Furthermore, future studies should be conducted to investigate more details on the subject.
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O’Hare JA, Momigliano P, Raftos DA, Stow AJ. Genetic structure and effective population size of Sydney rock oysters in eastern Australia. CONSERV GENET 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-021-01343-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Miccoli A, Manni M, Picchietti S, Scapigliati G. State-of-the-Art Vaccine Research for Aquaculture Use: The Case of Three Economically Relevant Fish Species. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:140. [PMID: 33578766 PMCID: PMC7916455 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last three decades, the aquaculture sector has experienced a 527% growth, producing 82 million tons for a first sale value estimated at 250 billion USD. Infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites are the major causes of mortality and economic losses in commercial aquaculture. Some pathologies, especially those of bacterial origin, can be treated with commercially available drugs, while others are poorly managed. In fact, despite having been recognized as a useful preventive measure, no effective vaccination against many economically relevant diseases exist yet, such as for viral and parasitic infections. The objective of the present review is to provide the reader with an updated perspective on the most significant and innovative vaccine research on three key aquaculture commodities. European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were chosen because of their economic relevance, geographical distinctiveness, and representativeness of different culture systems. Scientific papers about vaccines against bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases will be objectively presented; their results critically discussed and compared; and suggestions for future directions given.
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Bouwmeester MM, Goedknegt MA, Poulin R, Thieltges DW. Collateral diseases: Aquaculture impacts on wildlife infections. J Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark M. Bouwmeester
- Department of Coastal Systems NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research Den Burg The Netherlands
| | - M. Anouk Goedknegt
- UMR 5805 EPOC Station Marine d'Arcachon CNRSUniversité de Bordeaux Arcachon France
| | - Robert Poulin
- Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - David W. Thieltges
- Department of Coastal Systems NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research Den Burg The Netherlands
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Feed Supplementation with a Commercially Available Probiotic Solution Does Not Alter the Composition of the Microbiome in the Biofilters of Recirculating Aquaculture Systems. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9100830. [PMID: 33050471 PMCID: PMC7599949 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9100830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recirculating aquaculture relies on the treatment of ammonia compounds from the water by a bacterial flora growing inside biofilters. Another increasingly common practice in aquaculture is the supplementation of feed with live probiotic bacteria to boost the immune system of the farmed animals and hinder the implantation of pathogenic bacteria. In the present study, we investigated the bacterial flora within the biofilters of recirculating farming units in which African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were being farmed. Our results suggested that these two farming systems could be compatible as feeding of the probiotic feed had no detectable effect on the composition of the microbiome within the biofilters and none of the bacteria from the feed could be detected in the biofilters. These findings suggest that supplementation of the fish feed with probiotic supplements did not interfere with the microbiome residing inside the biofilter and that it is a safe practice in recirculating aquaculture systems.
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Gopinath KP, Madhav NV, Krishnan A, Malolan R, Rangarajan G. Present applications of titanium dioxide for the photocatalytic removal of pollutants from water: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 270:110906. [PMID: 32721341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of modern technology and industrial processes has been accompanied by an increase in the utilization of chemicals to derive new products. Water bodies are frequently contaminated by the presence of conventional pollutants such as dyes and heavy metals, as well as microorganisms that are responsible for various diseases. A sharp rise has also been observed in the presence of new compounds heretofore excluded from the design and evaluation of wastewater treatment processes, categorized as "emerging pollutants". While some are harmless, certain emerging pollutants possess the ability to cause debilitating effects on a wide spectrum of living organisms. Photocatalytic degradation has emerged as an increasingly popular solution to the problem of water pollution due to its effectiveness and versatility. The primary objective of this study is to thoroughly scrutinize recent applications of titanium dioxide and its modified forms as photocatalytic materials in the removal and control of several classes of water pollutants as reported in literature. Different structural modifications are used to enhance the performance of the photocatalyst such as doping and formation of composites. The principles of these modifications have been scrutinized and evaluated in this review in order to present their advantages and drawbacks. The mechanisms involved in the removal of different pollutants through photocatalysis performed by TiO2 have been highlighted. The factors affecting the mechanism of photocatalysis and those affecting the performance of different TiO2-based photocatalysts have also been thoroughly discussed, thereby presenting a comprehensive view of all aspects involved in the application of TiO2 to remediate and control water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nagarajan Vikas Madhav
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhishek Krishnan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajagopal Malolan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Goutham Rangarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
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Phages as a Cohesive Prophylactic and Therapeutic Approach in Aquaculture Systems. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9090564. [PMID: 32882880 PMCID: PMC7558664 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9090564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Facing antibiotic resistance has provoked a continuously growing focus on phage therapy. Although the greatest emphasis has always been placed on phage treatment in humans, behind phage application lies a complex approach that can be usefully adopted by the food industry, from hatcheries and croplands to ready-to-eat products. Such diverse businesses require an efficient method for combating highly pathogenic bacteria since antibiotic resistance concerns every aspect of human life. Despite the vast abundance of phages on Earth, the aquatic environment has been considered their most natural habitat. Water favors multidirectional Brownian motion and increases the possibility of contact between phage particles and their bacterial hosts. As the global production of aquatic organisms has rapidly grown over the past decades, phage treatment of bacterial infections seems to be an obvious and promising solution in this market sector. Pathogenic bacteria, such as Aeromonas and Vibrio, have already proved to be responsible for mass mortalities in aquatic systems, resulting in economic losses. The main objective of this work is to summarize, from a scientific and industry perspective, the recent data regarding phage application in the form of targeted probiotics and therapeutic agents in aquaculture niches.
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Bailey C, Holland JW, Secombes CJ, Tafalla C. A portrait of the immune response to proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in rainbow trout. Parasite Immunol 2020; 42:e12730. [PMID: 32403171 PMCID: PMC7507176 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Proliferative kidney disease (PKD), caused by the myxozoan Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, is one of the most serious parasitic diseases of salmonids in which outbreaks cause severe economic constraints for the aquaculture industry and declines of wild species throughout Europe and North America. Given that rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is one of the most widely farmed freshwater fish and an important model species for fish immunology, most of the knowledge on how the fish immune response is affected during PKD is from this organism. Once rainbow trout are infected, PKD pathogenesis results in a chronic kidney immunopathology mediated by decreasing myeloid cells and increasing lymphocytes. Transcriptional studies have revealed the regulation of essential genes related to T-helper (Th)-like functions and a dysregulated B-cell antibody type response. Recent reports have discovered unique details of teleost B-cell differentiation and functionality and characterized the differential immunoglobulin (Ig)-mediated response. These studies have solidified the rainbow trout T. bryosalmonae system as a sophisticated disease model capable of feeding key advances into mainstream immunology and have contributed essential information to design novel parasite disease prevention strategies. In our following perspective, we summarize these efforts to evaluate the immune mechanisms of rainbow trout during PKD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christyn Bailey
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA‐INIA)MadridSpain
| | - Jason W. Holland
- Aberdeen Oomycete LaboratoryInstitute of Medical SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - Christopher J. Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research CentreInstitute of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA‐INIA)MadridSpain
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Prevalence of Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis Virus (ISKNV), Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) and Ectoparasites in Juvenile Epinephelus spp. Farmed in Aceh, Indonesia. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9070578. [PMID: 32708765 PMCID: PMC7400217 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9070578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional survey was used to estimate the prevalence of infections with the Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV, Megalocytivirus), nervous necrosis virus (NNV, Betanodavirus), and infestations with ectoparasites during the rainy season in juvenile grouper (Epinephelus spp.) farmed in Aceh, Indonesia. The survey was intended to detect aquatic pathogens present at 10% prevalence with 95% confidence, assuming 100% sensitivity and specificity using a sample size of 30 for each diagnostic test. Eight populations of grouper from seven farms were sampled. Additional targeted sampling was conducted for populations experiencing high mortality. Infection with NNV was detected at all farms with seven of the eight populations being positive. The apparent prevalence for NNV ranged from 0% (95% CI: 0–12) to 73% (95% CI: 54–88). All of the fish tested from the targeted samples (Populations 9 and 10) were positive for NNV and all had vacuolation of the brain and retina consistent with viral nervous necrosis (VNN). Coinfections with ISKNV were detected in five populations, with the highest apparent prevalence being 13% (95% CI: 4–31%). Trichodina sp., Cryptocaryonirritans and Gyrodactylus sp. were detected at three farms, with 66% to 100% of fish being infested. Hybrid grouper sourced from a hatchery were 5.4 and 24.9 times more likely to have a NNV infection and a higher parasite load compared to orange-spotted grouper collected from the wild (p < 0.001). This study found that VNN remains a high-impact disease in grouper nurseries in Aceh, Indonesia.
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Kumar V, Wille M, Lourenço TM, Bossier P. Biofloc-Based Enhanced Survival of Litopenaeus vannamei Upon AHPND-Causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus Challenge Is Partially Mediated by Reduced Expression of Its Virulence Genes. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1270. [PMID: 32670225 PMCID: PMC7326785 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The biofloc system is a relatively new aquaculture technology that offers practical solution to maintain culture water quality by recycling nutrients and improves the health status and resistance of shrimps against microbial infection, yet the mode of action involved remains unclear. This study aimed to unravel the underlying mechanism behind the protective effect of a biofloc system using Litopenaeus vannamei and acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND)-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus M0904 strain as a host-pathogen model. The results showed that a biofloc system maintained at a C/N ratio of 15, improves the water quality and contributes to the nutrition of cultured animals as bioflocs might serve as an additional protein source. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that the biofloc system enhances the survival of L. vannamei upon challenge with a V. parahaemolyticus AHPND strain. Remarkably, the results highlight that in the biofloc system, AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus possibly switch from free-living virulent planktonic phenotype to a non-virulent biofilm phenotype, as demonstrated by a decreased transcription of flagella-related motility genes (flaA, CheR, and fliS), Pir toxin (PirBVP), and AHPND plasmid genes (ORF14) and increased expression of the phenotype switching marker AlkPhoX gene in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Taken together, results suggest that biofloc steer phenotype switching, contributing to the decreased virulence of V. parahaemolyticus AHPND strain toward shrimp postlarvae. This information reinforces our understanding about AHPND in a biofloc setting and opens the possibility to combat AHPND not only by trying to eliminate the AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus from the system but rather to steer the phenotypic switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Kumar
- Lab of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore, India
| | - Mathieu Wille
- Lab of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tânia Margarida Lourenço
- Lab of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Bossier
- Lab of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Pires NMM, Dong T, Yang Z, da Silva LFBA. Recent methods and biosensors for foodborne pathogen detection in fish: progress and future prospects to sustainable aquaculture systems. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1852-1876. [PMID: 32539431 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1767032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aquaculture industry has advanced toward sustainable recirculating systems, in where parameters of food quality are strictly monitored. Despite that, as in the case of conventional aquaculture practices, the recirculating systems also suffer threats from Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp., Streptococcus spp., among other foodborne pathogens infecting farmed fish. The aquaculture pathogens are routinely detected by conventional PCR methods or antibody-based tests, with the detection protocols confined to laboratory use. Emerging assay technologies and biosensors recently reported in the literature open new opportunities to the development of sensitive, specific, and portable analytical devices to use in the field. Techniques of DNA/RNA analysis, immunoassays and other nanomolecular technologies have been facing important advances in response time, sensitivity, and enhanced power of discrimination among and within species. Moreover, the recent developments of electrochemical and optical signal transduction have facilitated the incorporation of the innovative assays to practical miniaturized devices. In this work, it is provided a critical review over foodborne pathogen detection by existing and promising methods and biosensors applied to fish samples and extended to other food matrices. While isothermal DNA/RNA amplification methods can be highlighted among the assay methods for their promising analytical performance and suitability for point-of-care testing, the electrochemical transduction provides a way to achieve cost-effective biosensors amenable to use in the aquaculture field. The adoption of new methods and biosensors would constitute a step forward in securing sustainable aquaculture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno M M Pires
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Smart Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Microsystems- IMS, Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway-USN, Kongsberg, Norway.,Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Ås, Norway
| | - Tao Dong
- Department of Microsystems- IMS, Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway-USN, Kongsberg, Norway
| | - Zhaochu Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Smart Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Luís F B A da Silva
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Smart Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
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Aquaculture at the crossroads of global warming and antimicrobial resistance. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1870. [PMID: 32312964 PMCID: PMC7170852 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15735-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In many developing countries, aquaculture is key to ensuring food security for millions of people. It is thus important to measure the full implications of environmental changes on the sustainability of aquaculture. We conduct a double meta-analysis (460 articles) to explore how global warming and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) impact aquaculture. We calculate a Multi-Antibiotic Resistance index (MAR) of aquaculture-related bacteria (11,274 isolates) for 40 countries, of which mostly low- and middle-income countries present high AMR levels. Here we show that aquaculture MAR indices correlate with MAR indices from human clinical bacteria, temperature and countries’ climate vulnerability. We also find that infected aquatic animals present higher mortalities at warmer temperatures. Countries most vulnerable to climate change will probably face the highest AMR risks, impacting human health beyond the aquaculture sector, highlighting the need for urgent action. Sustainable solutions to minimise antibiotic use and increase system resilience are therefore needed. Global environmental changes threaten many food-producing sectors, including aquaculture. Here the authors show that countries most vulnerable to climate change will probably face the highest antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture-related bacteria, and that infected aquatic animals have higher mortality at warmer temperatures.
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Sun Y, Wang X, Zhou H, Mai K, He G. Dietary Astragalus polysaccharides ameliorates the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 99:603-608. [PMID: 32109612 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Supplying immunostimulants to aquatic feed has been an effective way to enhance the health of aquatic animals and substitute for antibiotics. In the present study, the potential effects of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) were evaluated in turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. Two levels of APS (50 and 150 mg/kg) were added to the basal diet (CON) and a 63-day growth trial (initial weight 10.13 ± 0.04 g) was conducted. As the results showed, significant improvement on growth performance in the APS groups were observed. In addition, dietary 150 mg/kg APS significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and lysozyme activities in liver. Meanwhile, APS diets induced the mRNA expression of toll-like receptors (TLRs) such as tlr5α, tlr5β, tlr8 and tlr21, while reduced the expression of tlr3 and tlr22. The expression of inflammatory genes myeloid differentiation factor 88 and nuclear factor kappa b p65 and pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β were up-regulated in APS groups while the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor beta was inhibited. Taken together, the present study indicated that Astragalus polysaccharides could remarkably enhance the growth performance, antioxidant activity and maintain an active immune response in turbot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkai Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Huihui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Gen He
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
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