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Lane Starr NM, Al-Rayyan N, Smith JM, Sandstrom S, Swaney MH, Salamzade R, Steidl O, Kalan LR, Singh AM. Combined metagenomic- and culture-based approaches to investigate bacterial strain-level associations with medication-controlled mild-moderate atopic dermatitis. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2024; 3:100259. [PMID: 38779310 PMCID: PMC11109885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Background The skin microbiome is disrupted in atopic dermatitis (AD). Existing research focuses on moderate to severe, unmedicated disease. Objective We sought to investigate metagenomic- and culture-based bacterial strain-level differences in mild, medicated AD and the effects these have on human keratinocytes (HKs). Methods Skin swabs from anterior forearms were collected from 20 pediatric participants (11 participants with AD sampled at lesional and nonlesional sites and 9 age- and sex-matched controls). Participants had primarily mild to moderate AD and maintained medication use. Samples were processed for microbial metagenomic sequencing and bacterial isolation. Isolates identified as Staphylococcus aureus were tested for enterotoxin production. HK cultures were treated with cell-free conditioned media from representative Staphylococcus species to measure barrier effects. Results Metagenomic sequencing identified significant differences in microbiome composition between AD and control groups. Differences were seen at the species and strain levels for Staphylococci, with S aureus found only in participants with AD and differences in Staphylococcus epidermidis strains between control and AD swabs. These strains showed differences in toxin gene presence, which was confirmed in vitro for S aureus enterotoxins. The strain from the participant with the most severe AD produced enterotoxin B levels more than 100-fold higher than the other strains (P < .001). Strains also displayed differential effects on HK metabolism and barrier function. Conclusions Strain-level differences in toxin genes from Staphylococcus strains may explain varying effects on HK, with S aureus and non-aureus strains negatively affecting viability and barrier function. These differences are likely important in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M. Lane Starr
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
| | - Numan Al-Rayyan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
| | - Jennifer M. Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
| | - Shelby Sandstrom
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
| | - Mary Hannah Swaney
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
| | - Rauf Salamzade
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
| | - Olivia Steidl
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
| | - Lindsay R. Kalan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, David Braley Centre for Antibiotic Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne Marie Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis
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2
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Osbelt L, Almási ÉDH, Wende M, Kienesberger S, Voltz A, Lesker TR, Muthukumarasamy U, Knischewski N, Nordmann E, Bielecka AA, Giralt-Zúñiga M, Kaganovitch E, Kühne C, Baier C, Pietsch M, Müsken M, Greweling-Pils MC, Breinbauer R, Flieger A, Schlüter D, Müller R, Erhardt M, Zechner EL, Strowig T. Klebsiella oxytoca inhibits Salmonella infection through multiple microbiota-context-dependent mechanisms. Nat Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41564-024-01710-0. [PMID: 38862602 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The Klebsiella oxytoca species complex is part of the human microbiome, especially during infancy and childhood. K. oxytoca species complex strains can produce enterotoxins, namely, tilimycin and tilivalline, while also contributing to colonization resistance (CR). The relationship between these seemingly contradictory roles is not well understood. Here, by coupling ex vivo assays with CRISPR-mutagenesis and various mouse models, we show that K. oxytoca provides CR against Salmonella Typhimurium. In vitro, the antimicrobial activity against various Salmonella strains depended on tilimycin production and was induced by various simple carbohydrates. In vivo, CR against Salmonella depended on toxin production in germ-free mice, while it was largely toxin-independent in mice with residual microbiota. This was linked to the relative levels of toxin-inducing carbohydrates in vivo. Finally, dulcitol utilization was essential for toxin-independent CR in gnotobiotic mice. Together, this demonstrates that nutrient availability is key to both toxin-dependent and substrate-driven competition between K. oxytoca and Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Osbelt
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- ESF International Graduate School on Analysis, Imaging and Modelling of Neuronal and Inflammatory Processes, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Éva D H Almási
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marie Wende
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- ESF International Graduate School on Analysis, Imaging and Modelling of Neuronal and Inflammatory Processes, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Kienesberger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Voltz
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Till R Lesker
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Nele Knischewski
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elke Nordmann
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Agata A Bielecka
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - María Giralt-Zúñiga
- Institute for Biology-Molecular Microbiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eugen Kaganovitch
- Institute for Biology-Molecular Microbiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Caroline Kühne
- Institute for Biology-Molecular Microbiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claas Baier
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Pietsch
- Division of Enteropathogenic Bacteria and Legionella (FG11)/National Reference Centre for Salmonella and other Bacterial Enteric Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode, Germany
| | - Mathias Müsken
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Rolf Breinbauer
- BioTechMed-Graz, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Antje Flieger
- Division of Enteropathogenic Bacteria and Legionella (FG11)/National Reference Centre for Salmonella and other Bacterial Enteric Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode, Germany
| | - Dirk Schlüter
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF),Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF),Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marc Erhardt
- Institute for Biology-Molecular Microbiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ellen L Zechner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF),Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
- Center for Individualized Infection Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
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3
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Zheng X, Lei W, Zhang Y, Jin H, Han C, Wu F, Jia C, Zeng R, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Wang H, Liu Q, Yao Z, Yu Y, Zhou J. Neuropilin-1 high monocytes protect against neonatal inflammation. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:575-588. [PMID: 38632385 PMCID: PMC11143335 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Neonates are susceptible to inflammatory disorders such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) due to their immature immune system. The timely appearance of regulatory immune cells in early life contributes to the control of inflammation in neonates, yet the underlying mechanisms of which remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified a subset of neonatal monocytes characterized by high levels of neuropilin-1 (Nrp1), termed Nrp1high monocytes. Compared with their Nrp1low counterparts, Nrp1high monocytes displayed potent immunosuppressive activity. Nrp1 deficiency in myeloid cells aggravated the severity of NEC, whereas adoptive transfer of Nrp1high monocytes led to remission of NEC. Mechanistic studies showed that Nrp1, by binding to its ligand Sema4a, induced intracellular p38-MAPK/mTOR signaling and activated the transcription factor KLF4. KLF4 transactivated Nos2 and enhanced the production of nitric oxide (NO), a key mediator of immunosuppression in monocytes. These findings reveal an important immunosuppressive axis in neonatal monocytes and provide a potential therapeutic strategy for treating inflammatory disorders in neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zheng
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Institute of Pediatric Health and Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Wen Lei
- Pediatric Immunity and Healthcare Biomedical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510320, China
| | - Yongmei Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Han Jin
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Cha Han
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Institute of Pediatric Health and Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Intestinal Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Chonghong Jia
- Institute of Pediatric Health and Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Intestinal Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Ruihong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of oncology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Sex Hormones and Diseases, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Zhi Yao
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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4
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Johnston LA, Nagalla RR, Li M, Whitley SK. IL-17 Control of Cutaneous Immune Homeostasis. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1208-1216. [PMID: 38678465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
IL-17 is widely recognized for its roles in host defense and inflammatory disorders. However, it has become clear that IL-17 is also an essential regulator of barrier tissue physiology. Steady-state microbe sensing at the skin surface induces low-level IL-17 expression that enhances epithelial integrity and resists pathogens without causing overt inflammation. Recent reports describe novel protective roles for IL-17 in wound healing and counteracting physiologic stress; however, chronic amplification of these beneficial responses contributes to skin pathologies as diverse as fibrosis, cancer, and autoinflammation. In this paper, we discuss the context-specific roles of IL-17 in skin health and disease and therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah A Johnston
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Raji R Nagalla
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Mushi Li
- Department of Dermatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah K Whitley
- Department of Dermatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; Autoimmune Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; NeuroNexus Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusettes, USA.
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5
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Mu X, Gu R, Tang M, Wu X, He W, Nie X. IL-17 in wound repair: bridging acute and chronic responses. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:288. [PMID: 38802947 PMCID: PMC11129447 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01668-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds, resulting from persistent inflammation, can trigger a cascade of detrimental effects including exacerbating inflammatory cytokines, compromised blood circulation at the wound site, elevation of white blood cell count, increased reactive oxygen species, and the potential risk of bacterial infection. The interleukin-17 (IL-17) signaling pathway, which plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses, has been identified as a promising target for treating inflammatory skin diseases. This review aims to delve deeper into the potential pathological role and molecular mechanisms of the IL-17 family and its pathways in wound repair. The intricate interactions between IL-17 and other cytokines will be discussed in detail, along with the activation of various signaling pathways, to provide a comprehensive understanding of IL-17's involvement in chronic wound inflammation and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingrui Mu
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education & Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Rifang Gu
- School Medical Office, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Ming Tang
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Xingqian Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education & Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Wenjie He
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education & Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Xuqiang Nie
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China.
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education & Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China.
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6
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Quarato ER, Salama NA, Calvi LM. Interplay Between Skeletal and Hematopoietic Cells in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment in Homeostasis and Aging. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024:10.1007/s11914-024-00874-2. [PMID: 38782850 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00874-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW In this review, we discuss the most recent scientific advances on the reciprocal regulatory interactions between the skeletal and hematopoietic stem cell niche, focusing on immunomodulation and its interplay with the cell's mitochondrial function, and how this impacts osteoimmune health during aging and disease. RECENT FINDINGS Osteoimmunology investigates interactions between cells that make up the skeletal stem cell niche and immune system. Much work has investigated the complexity of the bone marrow microenvironment with respect to the skeletal and hematopoietic stem cells that regulate skeletal formation and immune health respectively. It has now become clear that these cellular components cooperate to maintain homeostasis and that dysfunction in their interaction can lead to aging and disease. Having a deeper, mechanistic appreciation for osteoimmune regulation will lead to better research perspective and therapeutics with the potential to improve the aging process, skeletal and hematologic regeneration, and disease targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Quarato
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Noah A Salama
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Laura M Calvi
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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7
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Ignacio A, Czyz S, McCoy KD. Early life microbiome influences on development of the mucosal innate immune system. Semin Immunol 2024; 73:101885. [PMID: 38788491 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2024.101885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is well known to possess immunomodulatory capacities, influencing a multitude of cellular signalling pathways to maintain host homeostasis. Although the formation of the immune system initiates before birth in a sterile environment, an emerging body of literature indicates that the neonatal immune system is influenced by a first wave of external stimuli that includes signals from the maternal microbiota. A second wave of stimulus begins after birth and must be tightly regulated during the neonatal period when colonization of the host occurs concomitantly with the maturation of the immune system, requiring a fine adjustment between establishing tolerance towards the commensal microbiota and preserving inflammatory responses against pathogenic invaders. Besides integrating cues from commensal microbes, the neonatal immune system must also regulate responses triggered by other environmental signals, such as dietary antigens, which become more complex with the introduction of solid food during the weaning period. This "window of opportunity" in early life is thought to be crucial for the proper development of the immune system, setting the tone of subsequent immune responses in adulthood and modulating the risk of developing chronic and metabolic inflammatory diseases. Here we review the importance of host-microbiota interactions for the development and maturation of the immune system, particularly in the early-life period, highlighting the known mechanisms involved in such communication. This discussion is focused on recent data demonstrating microbiota-mediated education of innate immune cells and its role in the development of lymphoid tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ignacio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sonia Czyz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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8
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Sobel AL, Melamed J, Haas D, LeBlanc G, Cirone A, Constantinides MG. Antibiotic use in early life subsequently impairs MAIT cell-mediated immunity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.10.593643. [PMID: 38798453 PMCID: PMC11118404 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.10.593643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are predominantly located in barrier tissues where they rapidly respond to pathogens and commensals by recognizing microbial derivatives of riboflavin synthesis. Early-life exposure to these metabolites imprints the abundance of MAIT cells within tissues, so we hypothesized that antibiotic use during this period may abrogate their development. We identified antibiotics that deplete riboflavin-synthesizing commensals and revealed an early period of susceptibility during which antibiotic administration impaired MAIT cell development. The reduction in MAIT cell abundance rendered mice more susceptible to pneumonia, while MAIT cell-deficient mice were unaffected by early-life antibiotics. Concomitant administration of a riboflavin-synthesizing commensal during antibiotic treatment was sufficient to restore MAIT cell development and immunity. Our work demonstrates that transient depletion of riboflavin-synthesizing commensals in early life can adversely affect responses to subsequent infections.
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9
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Cross DL, Layton ED, Yu KK, Smith MT, Aguilar MS, Li S, Wilcox EC, Chapuis AG, Mayanja-Kizza H, Stein CM, Boom WH, Hawn TR, Bradley P, Newell EW, Seshadri C. MR1-restricted T cell clonotypes are associated with "resistance" to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e166505. [PMID: 38716731 PMCID: PMC11141901 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.166505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells are required for protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We recently described a cohort of Ugandan household contacts of tuberculosis cases who appear to "resist" M. tuberculosis infection (resisters; RSTRs) and showed that these individuals harbor IFN-γ-independent T cell responses to M. tuberculosis-specific peptide antigens. However, T cells also recognize nonprotein antigens via antigen-presenting systems that are independent of genetic background, known as donor-unrestricted T cells (DURTs). We used tetramer staining and flow cytometry to characterize the association between DURTs and "resistance" to M. tuberculosis infection. Peripheral blood frequencies of most DURT subsets were comparable between RSTRs and latently infected controls (LTBIs). However, we observed a 1.65-fold increase in frequency of MR1-restricted T (MR1T) cells among RSTRs in comparison with LTBIs. Single-cell RNA sequencing of 18,251 MR1T cells sorted from 8 donors revealed 5,150 clonotypes that expressed a common transcriptional program, the majority of which were private. Sequencing of the T cell receptor α/T cell receptor δ (TCRα/δ) repertoire revealed several DURT clonotypes were expanded among RSTRs, including 2 MR1T clonotypes that recognized mycobacteria-infected cells in a TCR-dependent manner. Overall, our data reveal unexpected donor-specific diversity in the TCR repertoire of human MR1T cells as well as associations between mycobacteria-reactive MR1T clonotypes and resistance to M. tuberculosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah L. Cross
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Erik D. Layton
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Krystle K.Q. Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Malisa T. Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Melissa S. Aguilar
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Shamin Li
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division and
| | - Elise C. Wilcox
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Aude G. Chapuis
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Catherine M. Stein
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Thomas R. Hawn
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Philip Bradley
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Chetan Seshadri
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
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10
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Edmans MD, Connelley TK, Morgan S, Pediongco TJ, Jayaraman S, Juno JA, Meehan BS, Dewar PM, Maze EA, Roos EO, Paudyal B, Mak JY, Liu L, Fairlie DP, Wang H, Corbett AJ, McCluskey J, Benedictus L, Tchilian E, Klenerman P, Eckle SB. MAIT cell-MR1 reactivity is highly conserved across multiple divergent species. J Biol Chem 2024:107338. [PMID: 38705391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a subset of unconventional T cells that recognize small molecule metabolites presented by MHC-I related protein 1 (MR1), via an αβ T cell receptor (TCR). MAIT TCRs feature an essentially invariant TCR α-chain, which is highly conserved between mammals. Similarly, MR1 is the most highly conserved MHC-I like molecule. This extreme conservation, including the mode of interaction between the MAIT TCR and MR1, has been shown to allow for species-mismatched reactivities unique in T cell biology thereby allowing the use of selected species-mismatched MR1-antigen (MR1-Ag) tetramers in comparative immunology studies. However, the pattern of cross-reactivity of species-mismatched MR1-Ag tetramers in identifying MAIT cells in diverse species has not been formally assessed. We developed novel cattle and pig MR1-Ag tetramers and utilized these alongside previously developed human, mouse and pig-tailed macaque MR1-Ag tetramers to characterize cross-species tetramer reactivities. MR1-Ag tetramers from each species identified T cell populations in distantly related species with specificity that was comparable to species-matched MR1-Ag tetramers. However, there were subtle differences in staining characteristics with practical implications for the accurate identification of MAIT cells. Pig MR1 is sufficiently conserved across species that pig MR1-Ag tetramers identified MAIT cells from the other species. However, MAIT cells in pigs were at the limits of phenotypic detection. In the absence of sheep MR1-Ag tetramers, a MAIT cell population in sheep blood was identified phenotypically, utilizing species-mismatched MR1-Ag tetramers. Collectively, our results validate the use and limitations of species-mismatched MR1-Ag tetramers in comparative immunology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Edmans
- Department of Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Timothy K Connelley
- Division of Infection and Immunity, The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Roslin, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Morgan
- Department of Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | - Troi J Pediongco
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Siddharth Jayaraman
- Division of Infection and Immunity, The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Roslin, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer A Juno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bronwyn S Meehan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Phoebe M Dewar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Emmanuel A Maze
- Department of Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | - Eduard O Roos
- Department of Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | - Basu Paudyal
- Department of Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey Yw Mak
- Centre for Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ligong Liu
- Centre for Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David P Fairlie
- Centre for Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Huimeng Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Alexandra J Corbett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lindert Benedictus
- Division of Infection and Immunity, The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Roslin, United Kingdom; Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Elma Tchilian
- Department of Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sidonia Bg Eckle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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11
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Paucar Iza YA, Brown CC. Early life imprinting of intestinal immune tolerance and tissue homeostasis. Immunol Rev 2024; 323:303-315. [PMID: 38501766 PMCID: PMC11102293 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Besides its canonical role in protecting the host from pathogens, the immune system plays an arguably equally important role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Within barrier tissues that interface with the external microenvironment, induction of immune tolerance to innocuous antigens, such as commensal, dietary, and environmental antigens, is key to establishing immune homeostasis. The early postnatal period represents a critical window of opportunity in which parallel development of the tissue, immune cells, and microbiota allows for reciprocal regulation that shapes the long-term immunological tone of the tissue and subsequent risk of immune-mediated diseases. During early infancy, the immune system appears to sacrifice pro-inflammatory functions, prioritizing the establishment of tissue tolerance. In this review, we discuss mechanisms underlying early life windows for intestinal tolerance with a focus on newly identified RORγt+ antigen-presenting cells-Thetis cells-and highlight the role of the intestinal microenvironment in shaping intestinal immune system development and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoselin A. Paucar Iza
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, USA
- Immuno-Oncology, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chrysothemis C. Brown
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, USA
- Immuno-Oncology, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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12
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Ciacchi L, Mak JYW, Le JP, Fairlie DP, McCluskey J, Corbett AJ, Rossjohn J, Awad W. Mouse mucosal-associated invariant T cell receptor recognition of MR1 presenting the vitamin B metabolite, 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-d-ribitylaminouracil. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107229. [PMID: 38537698 PMCID: PMC11066510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells can elicit immune responses against riboflavin-based antigens presented by the evolutionary conserved MHC class I related protein, MR1. While we have an understanding of the structural basis of human MAIT cell receptor (TCR) recognition of human MR1 presenting a variety of ligands, how the semi-invariant mouse MAIT TCR binds mouse MR1-ligand remains unknown. Here, we determine the crystal structures of 2 mouse TRAV1-TRBV13-2+ MAIT TCR-MR1-5-OP-RU ternary complexes, whose TCRs differ only in the composition of their CDR3β loops. These mouse MAIT TCRs mediate high affinity interactions with mouse MR1-5-OP-RU and cross-recognize human MR1-5-OP-RU. Similarly, a human MAIT TCR could bind mouse MR1-5-OP-RU with high affinity. This cross-species recognition indicates the evolutionary conserved nature of this MAIT TCR-MR1 axis. Comparing crystal structures of the mouse versus human MAIT TCR-MR1-5-OP-RU complexes provides structural insight into the conserved nature of this MAIT TCR-MR1 interaction and conserved specificity for the microbial antigens, whereby key germline-encoded interactions required for MAIT activation are maintained. This is an important consideration for the development of MAIT cell-based therapeutics that will rely on preclinical mouse models of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Ciacchi
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Y W Mak
- Centre for Chemistry and Drug Discovery and ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jeremy P Le
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David P Fairlie
- Centre for Chemistry and Drug Discovery and ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexandra J Corbett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Wael Awad
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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13
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Pasquin S. Highlight of 2023: Unconventional T cells: recent insights on development, trafficking and target cell recognition. Immunol Cell Biol 2024. [PMID: 38690663 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
In this article for the Highlights of 2023 Series, we discuss recent research on unconventional T cells with a focus on gamma delta T cell development and cancer cell targeting, as well as the contributions of MAIT cells to wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Pasquin
- Immunologie-oncologie, Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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14
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Cruz de Casas P, Knöpper K, Dey Sarkar R, Kastenmüller W. Same yet different - how lymph node heterogeneity affects immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:358-374. [PMID: 38097778 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00965-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Lymph nodes are secondary lymphoid organs in which immune responses of the adaptive immune system are initiated and regulated. Distributed throughout the body and embedded in the lymphatic system, local lymph nodes are continuously informed about the state of the organs owing to a constant drainage of lymph. The tissue-derived lymph carries products of cell metabolism, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, pathogens and circulating immune cells. Notably, there is a growing body of evidence that individual lymph nodes differ from each other in their capacity to generate immune responses. Here, we review the structure and function of the lymphatic system and then focus on the factors that lead to functional heterogeneity among different lymph nodes. We will discuss how lymph node heterogeneity impacts on cellular and humoral immune responses and the implications for vaccination, tumour development and tumour control by immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Cruz de Casas
- Max Planck Research Group, Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Konrad Knöpper
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rupak Dey Sarkar
- Max Planck Research Group, Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kastenmüller
- Max Planck Research Group, Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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15
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Serrage HJ, Eling CJ, Alves PU, Xie E, McBain AJ, Dawson MD, O’Neill C, Laurand N. Spectral characterization of a blue light-emitting micro-LED platform on skin-associated microbial chromophores. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3200-3215. [PMID: 38855662 PMCID: PMC11161378 DOI: 10.1364/boe.522867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The therapeutic application of blue light (380 - 500nm) has garnered considerable attention in recent years as it offers a non-invasive approach for the management of prevalent skin conditions including acne vulgaris and atopic dermatitis. These conditions are often characterised by an imbalance in the microbial communities that colonise our skin, termed the skin microbiome. In conditions including acne vulgaris, blue light is thought to address this imbalance through the selective photoexcitation of microbial species expressing wavelength-specific chromophores, differentially affecting skin commensals and thus altering the relative species composition. However, the abundance and diversity of these chromophores across the skin microbiota remains poorly understood. Similarly, devices utilised for studies are often bulky and poorly characterised which if translated to therapy could result in reduced patient compliance. Here, we present a clinically viable micro-LED illumination platform with peak emission 450 nm (17 nm FWHM) and adjustable irradiance output to a maximum 0.55 ± 0.01 W/cm2, dependent upon the concentration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles applied to an accompanying flexible light extraction substrate. Utilising spectrometry approaches, we characterised the abundance of prospective blue light chromophores across skin commensal bacteria isolated from healthy volunteers. Of the strains surveyed 62.5% exhibited absorption peaks within the blue light spectrum, evidencing expression of carotenoid pigments (18.8%, 420-483 nm; Micrococcus luteus, Kocuria spp.), porphyrins (12.5%, 402-413 nm; Cutibacterium spp.) and potential flavins (31.2%, 420-425 nm; Staphylococcus and Dermacoccus spp.). We also present evidence of the capacity of these species to diminish irradiance output when combined with the micro-LED platform and in turn how exposure to low-dose blue light causes shifts in observed absorbance spectra peaks. Collectively these findings highlight a crucial deficit in understanding how microbial chromophores might shape response to blue light and in turn evidence of a micro-LED illumination platform with potential for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J. Serrage
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK
| | - Charlotte J. Eling
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, UK
| | - Pedro U. Alves
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, UK
| | - Enyuan Xie
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, UK
| | - Andrew J. McBain
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK
| | - Martin D. Dawson
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, UK
| | - Catherine O’Neill
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK
| | - Nicolas Laurand
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, UK
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16
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Mo S, Shi C, Cai Y, Xu M, Xu H, Xu Y, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Liu J, Che S, Liu X, Xing C, Long X, Chen X, Liu E. Single-cell transcriptome reveals highly complement activated microglia cells in association with pediatric tuberculous meningitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1387808. [PMID: 38745656 PMCID: PMC11091396 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1387808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a devastating form of tuberculosis (TB) causing high mortality and disability. TBM arises due to immune dysregulation, but the underlying immune mechanisms are unclear. Methods We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cells isolated from children (n=6) with TBM using 10 xGenomics platform. We used unsupervised clustering of cells and cluster visualization based on the gene expression profiles, and validated the protein and cytokines by ELISA analysis. Results We revealed for the first time 33 monocyte populations across the CSF cells and PBMCs of children with TBM. Within these populations, we saw that CD4_C04 cells with Th17 and Th1 phenotypes and Macro_C01 cells with a microglia phenotype, were enriched in the CSF. Lineage tracking analysis of monocyte populations revealed myeloid cell populations, as well as subsets of CD4 and CD8 T-cell populations with distinct effector functions. Importantly, we discovered that complement-activated microglial Macro_C01 cells are associated with a neuroinflammatory response that leads to persistent meningitis. Consistently, we saw an increase in complement protein (C1Q), inflammatory markers (CRP) and inflammatory factor (TNF-α and IL-6) in CSF cells but not blood. Finally, we inferred that Macro_C01 cells recruit CD4_C04 cells through CXCL16/CXCR6. Discussion We proposed that the microglial Macro_C01 subset activates complement and interacts with the CD4_C04 cell subset to amplify inflammatory signals, which could potentially contribute to augment inflammatory signals, resulting in hyperinflammation and an immune response elicited by Mtb-infected tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Mo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenyan Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Maozhu Xu
- Maternal and Child Care Health Hospital of Zunyi City, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuzhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kehong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Siyi Che
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaonan Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoru Long
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinchun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Enmei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
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17
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Zhang Y, Lu Q. Immune cells in skin inflammation, wound healing, and skin cancer. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:852-865. [PMID: 37718697 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the self-evident importance of cutaneous immunity in the maintenance of body-surface homeostasis, disturbance of the steady-state skin is inextricably intertwined with dysfunction in cutaneous immunity. It is often overlooked by people that skin, well-known as a solid physical barrier, is also a strong immunological barrier, considering the abundant presence of immune cells including lymphocytes, granulocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages. What's more, humoral immune components including cytokines, immunoglobulins, and antimicrobial peptides are also rich in the skin. This review centers on skin inflammation (acute and chronic, infection and aseptic inflammation), wound healing, and skin cancer to elucidate the elaborate network of immune cells in skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Jiangwangmiao Street No. 12, Xuanwu, Nanjing 210042, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiangwangmiao Street No. 12, Xuanwu, Nanjing 210042, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Jiangwangmiao Street No. 12, Xuanwu, Nanjing 210042, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiangwangmiao Street No. 12, Xuanwu, Nanjing 210042, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
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18
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Xiao MH, Wu S, Liang P, Ma D, Zhang J, Chen H, Zhong Z, Liu J, Jiang H, Feng X, Luo Z. Mucosal-associated invariant T cells promote ductular reaction through amphiregulin in biliary atresia. EBioMedicine 2024; 103:105138. [PMID: 38678809 PMCID: PMC11077624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biliary atresia (BA) is a neonatal fibro-inflammatory cholangiopathy with ductular reaction as a key pathogenic feature predicting poor survival. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are enriched in human liver and display multiple roles in liver diseases. We aimed to investigate the function of MAIT cells in BA. METHODS First, we analyzed correlations between liver MAIT cell and clinical parameters (survival, alanine transaminase, bilirubin, histological inflammation and fibrosis) in two public cohorts of patients with BA (US and China). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and spearman correlation analysis were employed for survival data and other clinical parameters, respectively. Next, we obtained liver samples or peripheral blood from BA and control patients for bulk RNA sequencing, flow cytometry analysis, immunostaning and functional experiments of MAIT cells. Finally, we established two in vitro co-culture systems, one is the rhesus rotavirus (RRV) infected co-culture system to model immune dysfunction of human BA which was validated by single cell RNA sequencing and the other is a multicellular system composed of biliary organoids, LX-2 and MAIT cells to evaluate the role of MAIT cells on ductular reaction. FINDINGS Liver MAIT cells in BA were positively associated with low survival and ductular reaction. Moreover, liver MAIT cells were activated, exhibited a wound healing signature and highly expressed growth factor Amphiregulin (AREG) in a T cell receptor (TCR)-dependent manner. Antagonism of AREG abrogated the proliferative effect of BA MAIT cells on both cholangiocytes and biliary organoids. A RRV infected co-culture system, recapitulated immune dysfunction of human BA, disclosed that RRV-primed MAIT cells promoted cholangiocyte proliferation via AREG, and further induced inflammation and fibrosis in the multicellular system. INTERPRETATION MAIT cells exhibit a wound healing signature depending on TCR signaling and promote ductular reaction via AREG, which is associated with advanced fibrosis and predictive of low survival in BA. FUNDING This work was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China grant (82001589 and 92168108), National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFA1801600) and by Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong (2020A1515110921).
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Huan Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Sihan Wu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Peishi Liang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Dong Ma
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Huadong Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Zhihai Zhong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Juncheng Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
| | - Xuyang Feng
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
| | - Zhenhua Luo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
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Harris JC, Trigg NA, Goshu B, Yokoyama Y, Dohnalová L, White EK, Harman A, Murga-Garrido SM, Ting-Chun Pan J, Bhanap P, Thaiss CA, Grice EA, Conine CC, Kambayashi T. The microbiota and T cells non-genetically modulate inherited phenotypes transgenerationally. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114029. [PMID: 38573852 PMCID: PMC11102039 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The host-microbiota relationship has evolved to shape mammalian physiology, including immunity, metabolism, and development. Germ-free models are widely used to study microbial effects on host processes such as immunity. Here, we find that both germ-free and T cell-deficient mice exhibit a robust sebum secretion defect persisting across multiple generations despite microbial colonization and T cell repletion. These phenotypes are inherited by progeny conceived during in vitro fertilization using germ-free sperm and eggs, demonstrating that non-genetic information in the gametes is required for microbial-dependent phenotypic transmission. Accordingly, gene expression in early embryos derived from gametes from germ-free or T cell-deficient mice is strikingly and similarly altered. Our findings demonstrate that microbial- and immune-dependent regulation of non-genetic information in the gametes can transmit inherited phenotypes transgenerationally in mice. This mechanism could rapidly generate phenotypic diversity to enhance host adaptation to environmental perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan C Harris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Natalie A Trigg
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics - Penn Epigenetics Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, and Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bruktawit Goshu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yuichi Yokoyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lenka Dohnalová
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ellen K White
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Adele Harman
- Transgenic Core, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sofía M Murga-Garrido
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jamie Ting-Chun Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Preeti Bhanap
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christoph A Thaiss
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Grice
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Colin C Conine
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics - Penn Epigenetics Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, and Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Taku Kambayashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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20
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Krueger JG, Eyerich K, Kuchroo VK, Ritchlin CT, Abreu MT, Elloso MM, Fourie A, Fakharzadeh S, Sherlock JP, Yang YW, Cua DJ, McInnes IB. IL-23 past, present, and future: a roadmap to advancing IL-23 science and therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1331217. [PMID: 38686385 PMCID: PMC11056518 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1331217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-23, an IL-12 cytokine family member, is a hierarchically dominant regulatory cytokine in a cluster of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), including psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. We review IL-23 biology, IL-23 signaling in IMIDs, and the effect of IL-23 inhibition in treating these diseases. We propose studies to advance IL-23 biology and unravel differences in response to anti-IL-23 therapy. Experimental evidence generated from these investigations could establish a novel molecular ontology centered around IL-23-driven diseases, improve upon current approaches to treating IMIDs with IL-23 inhibition, and ultimately facilitate optimal identification of patients and, thereby, outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G. Krueger
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vijay K. Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christopher T. Ritchlin
- Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology Division, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical School, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Maria T. Abreu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Anne Fourie
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Steven Fakharzadeh
- Immunology Global Medical Affairs, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Horsham, PA, United States
| | - Jonathan P. Sherlock
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, United States
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ya-Wen Yang
- Immunology Global Medical Affairs, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Horsham, PA, United States
| | - Daniel J. Cua
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, United States
| | - Iain B. McInnes
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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21
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Li X, Fu S, Cheng H, Ma M, Song Z, Li J, Wu S, Zhang C, Wang X, Tang M, Pu X, Ji Q, Liang J, Zhao Z, Körner H, Li B, Shao M, Wang H. Differentiation of Type 17 Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells in Circulation Contributes to the Severity of Sepsis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024:S0002-9440(24)00125-1. [PMID: 38599461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are essential in defending against infection. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to infection and a leading cause of death. The relationship between the overall competency of the host immune response and disease severity is not fully elucidated. This study identified a higher proportion of circulating MAIT17 with expression of IL-17A and RAR-related orphan receptor γt in patients with sepsis. The proportion of MAIT17 was correlated with the severity of sepsis. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed an enhanced expression of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) in MAIT17 in patients with sepsis. Cell-culture experiments demonstrated that phosphoinositide 3-kinase-LDHA signaling was required for RAR-related orphan receptor γt expression in MAIT17. Finally, the elevated levels of plasma IL-18 promoted the differentiation of circulating MAIT17 cells in sepsis. In summary, this study reveals a new role of circulating MAIT17 in promoting sepsis severity and suggests the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-LDHA signaling as a driving force in MAIT17 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Sicheng Fu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Ma
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijian Song
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Maoyu Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
| | - Xuexue Pu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiang Ji
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinquan Liang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhibin Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heinrich Körner
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Bin Li
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Departments of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Shao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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22
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Uberoi A, McCready-Vangi A, Grice EA. The wound microbiota: microbial mechanisms of impaired wound healing and infection. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41579-024-01035-z. [PMID: 38575708 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01035-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The skin barrier protects the human body from invasion by exogenous and pathogenic microorganisms. A breach in this barrier exposes the underlying tissue to microbial contamination, which can lead to infection, delayed healing, and further loss of tissue and organ integrity. Delayed wound healing and chronic wounds are associated with comorbidities, including diabetes, advanced age, immunosuppression and autoimmune disease. The wound microbiota can influence each stage of the multi-factorial repair process and influence the likelihood of an infection. Pathogens that commonly infect wounds, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, express specialized virulence factors that facilitate adherence and invasion. Biofilm formation and other polymicrobial interactions contribute to host immunity evasion and resistance to antimicrobial therapies. Anaerobic organisms, fungal and viral pathogens, and emerging drug-resistant microorganisms present unique challenges for diagnosis and therapy. In this Review, we explore the current understanding of how microorganisms present in wounds impact the process of skin repair and lead to infection through their actions on the host and the other microbial wound inhabitants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayushi Uberoi
- Departments of Dermatology and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amelia McCready-Vangi
- Departments of Dermatology and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Grice
- Departments of Dermatology and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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23
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Karnaukhov VK, Le Gac AL, Bilonda Mutala L, Darbois A, Perrin L, Legoux F, Walczak AM, Mora T, Lantz O. Innate-like T cell subset commitment in the murine thymus is independent of TCR characteristics and occurs during proliferation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2311348121. [PMID: 38530897 PMCID: PMC10998581 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311348121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
How T-cell receptor (TCR) characteristics determine subset commitment during T-cell development is still unclear. Here, we addressed this question for innate-like T cells, mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. MAIT and iNKT cells have similar developmental paths, leading in mice to two effector subsets, cytotoxic (MAIT1/iNKT1) and IL17-secreting (MAIT17/iNKT17). For iNKT1 vs iNKT17 fate choice, an instructive role for TCR affinity was proposed but recent data argue against this model. Herein, we examined TCR role in MAIT and iNKT subset commitment through scRNAseq and TCR repertoire analysis. In our dataset of thymic MAIT cells, we found pairs of T-cell clones with identical amino acid TCR sequences originating from distinct precursors, one of which committed to MAIT1 and the other to MAIT17 fates. Quantitative in silico simulations indicated that the number of such cases is best explained by lineage choice being independent of TCR characteristics. Comparison of TCR features of MAIT1 and MAIT17 clonotypes demonstrated that the subsets cannot be distinguished based on TCR sequence. To pinpoint the developmental stage associated with MAIT sublineage choice, we demonstrated that proliferation takes place both before and after MAIT fate commitment. Altogether, we propose a model of MAIT cell development in which noncommitted, intermediate-stage MAIT cells undergo a first round of proliferation, followed by TCR characteristics-independent commitment to MAIT1 or MAIT17 lineage, followed by an additional round of proliferation. Reanalyzing a published iNKT TCR dataset, we showed that this model is also relevant for iNKT cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim K. Karnaukhov
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences & Lettres University, Inserm U932, Immunity and Cancer, Paris75005, France
- Laboratoire de Physique de l’École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences & Lettres University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université and Université Paris Cité, Paris75005, France
| | - Anne-Laure Le Gac
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences & Lettres University, Inserm U932, Immunity and Cancer, Paris75005, France
| | - Linda Bilonda Mutala
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences & Lettres University, Inserm U932, Immunity and Cancer, Paris75005, France
| | - Aurélie Darbois
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences & Lettres University, Inserm U932, Immunity and Cancer, Paris75005, France
| | - Laetitia Perrin
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences & Lettres University, Inserm U932, Immunity and Cancer, Paris75005, France
| | - Francois Legoux
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences & Lettres University, Inserm U932, Immunity and Cancer, Paris75005, France
- INSERM Equipe de Recherche Labellisée 1305, CNRSUMR6290, Université de Rennes, Institut de Génétique & Développement de Rennes35000, France
| | - Aleksandra M. Walczak
- Laboratoire de Physique de l’École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences & Lettres University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université and Université Paris Cité, Paris75005, France
| | - Thierry Mora
- Laboratoire de Physique de l’École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences & Lettres University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université and Université Paris Cité, Paris75005, France
| | - Olivier Lantz
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences & Lettres University, Inserm U932, Immunity and Cancer, Paris75005, France
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie Clinique, Département de médecine diagnostique et théranostique, Institut Curie, Paris75005, France
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique en Biothérapie Gustave-Roussy Institut Curie (CIC-BT1428), Paris75005, France
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24
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Lin Q, Kuypers M, Baglaenko Y, Cao E, Hezaveh K, Despot T, de Amat Herbozo C, Cruz Tleugabulova M, Umaña JM, McGaha TL, Philpott DJ, Mallevaey T. The intestinal microbiota modulates the transcriptional landscape of iNKT cells at steady-state and following antigen exposure. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:226-237. [PMID: 38331095 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells are unconventional T cells that respond to microbe-derived glycolipid antigens. iNKT cells exert fast innate effector functions that regulate immune responses in a variety of contexts, including during infection, cancer, or inflammation. The roles these unconventional T cells play in intestinal inflammation remain poorly defined and vary based on the disease model and species. Our previous work suggested that the gut microbiota influenced iNKT cell functions during dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. This study, shows that iNKT cell homeostasis and response following activation are altered in germ-free mice. Using prenatal fecal transplant in specific pathogen-free mice, we show that the transcriptional signatures of iNKT cells at steady state and following αGC-mediated activation in vivo are modulated by the microbiota. Our data suggest that iNKT cells sense the microbiota at homeostasis independently of their T cell receptors. Finally, iNKT cell transcriptional signatures are different in male and female mice. Collectively, our findings suggest that sex and the intestinal microbiota are important factors that regulate iNKT cell homeostasis and responses. A deeper understanding of microbiota-iNKT cell interactions and the impact of sex could improve the development of iNKT cell-based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaochu Lin
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meggie Kuypers
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuriy Baglaenko
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eric Cao
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kebria Hezaveh
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tijana Despot
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Tracy L McGaha
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dana J Philpott
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thierry Mallevaey
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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25
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Yigit M, Basoglu OF, Unutmaz D. Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in cancer: dual roles, complex interactions and therapeutic potential. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1369236. [PMID: 38545100 PMCID: PMC10965779 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells play diverse roles in cancer, infectious diseases, and immunotherapy. This review explores their intricate involvement in cancer, from early detection to their dual functions in promoting inflammation and mediating anti-tumor responses. Within the solid tumor microenvironment (TME), MAIT cells can acquire an 'exhausted' state and secrete tumor-promoting cytokines. On the other hand, MAIT cells are highly cytotoxic, and there is evidence that they may have an anti-tumor immune response. The frequency of MAIT cells and their subsets has also been shown to have prognostic value in several cancer types. Recent innovative approaches, such as programming MAIT cells with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), provide a novel and exciting approach to utilizing these cells in cell-based cancer immunotherapy. Because MAIT cells have a restricted T cell receptor (TCR) and recognize a common antigen, this also mitigates potential graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and opens the possibility of using allogeneic MAIT cells as off-the-shelf cell therapies in cancer. Additionally, we outline the interactions of MAIT cells with the microbiome and their critical role in infectious diseases and how this may impact the tumor responses of these cells. Understanding these complex roles can lead to novel therapeutic strategies harnessing the targeting capabilities of MAIT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesut Yigit
- Human Immunology Laboratory, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Omer Faruk Basoglu
- Human Immunology Laboratory, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Derya Unutmaz
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
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26
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Kulalert W, Wells AC, Link VM, Lim AI, Bouladoux N, Nagai M, Harrison OJ, Kamenyeva O, Kabat J, Enamorado M, Chiu IM, Belkaid Y. The neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 axis tunes cutaneous adaptive immunity to the microbiota. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2322574121. [PMID: 38451947 PMCID: PMC10945812 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2322574121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The somatosensory nervous system surveils external stimuli at barrier tissues, regulating innate immune cells under infection and inflammation. The roles of sensory neurons in controlling the adaptive immune system, and more specifically immunity to the microbiota, however, remain elusive. Here, we identified a mechanism for direct neuroimmune communication between commensal-specific T lymphocytes and somatosensory neurons mediated by the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the skin. Intravital imaging revealed that commensal-specific T cells are in close proximity to cutaneous nerve fibers in vivo. Correspondingly, we observed upregulation of the receptor for the neuropeptide CGRP, RAMP1, in CD8+ T lymphocytes induced by skin commensal colonization. The neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling axis functions in commensal-specific T cells to constrain Type 17 responses and moderate the activation status of microbiota-reactive lymphocytes at homeostasis. As such, modulation of neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling in commensal-specific T cells shapes the overall activation status of the skin epithelium, thereby impacting the outcome of responses to insults such as wounding. The ability of somatosensory neurons to control adaptive immunity to the microbiota via the CGRP-RAMP1 axis underscores the various layers of regulation and multisystem coordination required for optimal microbiota-reactive T cell functions under steady state and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warakorn Kulalert
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Alexandria C. Wells
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Verena M. Link
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Ai Ing Lim
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Nicolas Bouladoux
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Motoyoshi Nagai
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Oliver J. Harrison
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Olena Kamenyeva
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technology Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technology Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Michel Enamorado
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- Kimberly and Eric J. Waldman Department of Dermatology, Mark Lebwohl Center for Neuroinflammation and Sensation, Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029
| | - Isaac M. Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- Unite Metaorganisme, Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute, 75015 Paris, France
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27
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McWilliam HEG, Villadangos JA. MR1 antigen presentation to MAIT cells and other MR1-restricted T cells. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:178-192. [PMID: 37773272 PMCID: PMC11108705 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00934-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
MHC antigen presentation plays a fundamental role in adaptive and semi-invariant T cell immunity. Distinct MHC molecules bind antigens that differ in chemical structure, origin and location and present them to specialized T cells. MHC class I-related protein 1 (MR1) presents a range of small molecule antigens to MR1-restricted T (MR1T) lymphocytes. The best studied MR1 ligands are derived from microbial metabolism and are recognized by a major class of MR1T cells known as mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. Here, we describe the MR1 antigen presentation pathway: the known types of antigens presented by MR1, the location where MR1-antigen complexes form, the route followed by the complexes to the cell surface, the mechanisms involved in termination of MR1 antigen presentation and the accessory cellular proteins that comprise the MR1 antigen presentation machinery. The current road map of the MR1 antigen presentation pathway reveals potential strategies for therapeutic manipulation of MR1T cell function and provides a foundation for further studies that will lead to a deeper understanding of MR1-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamish E G McWilliam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jose A Villadangos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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28
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Lin X, Wang Y, He Y. Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in infectious diseases of respiratory system: recent advancements and applications. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:6. [PMID: 38419084 PMCID: PMC10902946 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00376-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an atypical subset of T lymphocytes, which have a highly conserved semi-constant αβ chain of T-cell receptor (TCR) and recognize microbe-derived vitamin B metabolites via major histocompatibility complex class I related-1 molecule (MR1). MAIT cells get activated mainly through unique TCR-dependent and TCR-independent pathways, and express multiple functional and phenotypic traits, including innate-like functionality, T helper (Th) 1 cell immunity, Th 17 cell immunity, and tissue homing. Given the functions, MAIT cells are extensively reported to play a key role in mucosal homeostasis and infectious diseases. In the current work, we review the basic characteristics of MAIT cells and their roles in mucosal homeostasis and development of respiratory infectious diseases as well as their potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanqi He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Fukui C, Yamana S, Xue Y, Shirane M, Tsutsui H, Asahara K, Yoshitomi K, Ito T, Lestari T, Hasegawa E, Yawata N, Takeda A, Sonoda KH, Shibata K. Functions of mucosal associated invariant T cells in eye diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1341180. [PMID: 38440736 PMCID: PMC10911089 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1341180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a unique subset of T cells that recognizes metabolites derived from the vitamin B2 biosynthetic pathway. Since the identification of cognate antigens for MAIT cells, knowledge of the functions of MAIT cells in cancer, autoimmunity, and infectious diseases has been rapidly expanding. Recently, MAIT cells have been found to contribute to visual protection against autoimmunity in the eye. The protective functions of MAIT cells are induced by T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated activation. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, this mini-review aims to discuss our findings and the complexity of MAIT cell-mediated immune regulation in the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Fukui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yanqi Xue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mariko Shirane
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tsutsui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Asahara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiko Yoshitomi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takako Ito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tantri Lestari
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiichi Hasegawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuyo Yawata
- Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsunobu Takeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koh-Hei Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kensuke Shibata
- Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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30
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Loh JS, Mak WQ, Tan LKS, Ng CX, Chan HH, Yeow SH, Foo JB, Ong YS, How CW, Khaw KY. Microbiota-gut-brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:37. [PMID: 38360862 PMCID: PMC10869798 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01743-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial community. The vast genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every aspect of human biology, including health maintenance, development, aging, and disease. The advent of new sequencing technologies and culture-independent methods has allowed researchers to move beyond correlative studies toward mechanistic explorations to shed light on microbiome-host interactions. Evidence has unveiled the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system, referred to as the "microbiota-gut-brain axis". The microbiota-gut-brain axis represents an important regulator of glial functions, making it an actionable target to ameliorate the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases. As the gut microbiome provides essential cues to microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, we examine the communications between gut microbiota and these glial cells during healthy states and neurodegenerative diseases. Subsequently, we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases using a metabolite-centric approach, while also examining the role of gut microbiota-related neurotransmitters and gut hormones. Next, we examine the potential of targeting the intestinal barrier, blood-brain barrier, meninges, and peripheral immune system to counteract glial dysfunction in neurodegeneration. Finally, we conclude by assessing the pre-clinical and clinical evidence of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation in neurodegenerative diseases. A thorough comprehension of the microbiota-gut-brain axis will foster the development of effective therapeutic interventions for the management of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sheng Loh
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wen Qi Mak
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Li Kar Stella Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Digital Health & Medical Advancements, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chu Xin Ng
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hong Hao Chan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shiau Hueh Yeow
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Jhi Biau Foo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Digital Health & Medical Advancements, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yong Sze Ong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Wun How
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Kooi Yeong Khaw
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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31
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Cha J, Kim TG, Bhae E, Gwak HJ, Ju Y, Choe YH, Jang IH, Jung Y, Moon S, Kim T, Lee W, Park JS, Chung YW, Yang S, Kang YK, Hyun YM, Hwang GS, Lee WJ, Rho M, Ryu JH. Skin microbe-dependent TSLP-ILC2 priming axis in early life is co-opted in allergic inflammation. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:244-260.e11. [PMID: 38198924 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Although early life colonization of commensal microbes contributes to long-lasting immune imprinting in host tissues, little is known regarding the pathophysiological consequences of postnatal microbial tuning of cutaneous immunity. Here, we show that postnatal exposure to specific skin commensal Staphylococcus lentus (S. lentus) promotes the extent of atopic dermatitis (AD)-like inflammation in adults through priming of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). Early postnatal skin is dynamically populated by discrete subset of primed ILC2s driven by microbiota-dependent induction of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in keratinocytes. Specifically, the indole-3-aldehyde-producing tryptophan metabolic pathway, shared across Staphylococcus species, is involved in TSLP-mediated ILC2 priming. Furthermore, we demonstrate a critical contribution of the early postnatal S. lentus-TSLP-ILC2 priming axis in facilitating AD-like inflammation that is not replicated by later microbial exposure. Thus, our findings highlight the fundamental role of time-dependent neonatal microbial-skin crosstalk in shaping the threshold of innate type 2 immunity co-opted in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Cha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Tae-Gyun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Euihyun Bhae
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Gwak
- Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Yeajin Ju
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Korea
| | - Young Ho Choe
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - In-Hwan Jang
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hologenomics and School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Youngae Jung
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Korea
| | - Sungmin Moon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Taehyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Wuseong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jung Sun Park
- Development and Differentiation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Youn Wook Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Siyoung Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Yong-Kook Kang
- Development and Differentiation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Young-Min Hyun
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Korea; College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Won-Jae Lee
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hologenomics and School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Mina Rho
- Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
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32
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Liu J, Joseph S, Manohar K, Lee J, Brokaw JP, Shelley WC, Markel TA. Role of innate T cells in necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1357483. [PMID: 38390341 PMCID: PMC10881895 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1357483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a destructive gastrointestinal disease primarily affecting preterm babies. Despite advancements in neonatal care, NEC remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units worldwide and the etiology of NEC is still unclear. Risk factors for NEC include prematurity, very low birth weight, feeding with formula, intestinal dysbiosis and bacterial infection. A review of the literature would suggest that supplementation of prebiotics and probiotics prevents NEC by altering the immune responses. Innate T cells, a highly conserved subpopulation of T cells that responds quickly to stimulation, develops differently from conventional T cells in neonates. This review aims to provide a succinct overview of innate T cells in neonates, encompassing their phenotypic characteristics, functional roles, likely involvement in the pathogenesis of NEC, and potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Sharon Joseph
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Krishna Manohar
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jasmine Lee
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - John P. Brokaw
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - W. Christopher Shelley
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Troy A. Markel
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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33
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Talvard-Balland N, Lambert M, Chevalier MF, Minet N, Salou M, Tourret M, Bohineust A, Milo I, Parietti V, Yvorra T, Socié G, Lantz O, Caillat-Zucman S. Human MAIT cells inhibit alloreactive T cell responses and protect against acute graft-versus-host disease. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e166310. [PMID: 38300704 PMCID: PMC11143928 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.166310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of immunoregulatory cells can prevent or ameliorate graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which remains the main cause of nonrelapse mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells were recently associated with tissue repair capacities and with lower rates of GVHD in humans. Here, we analyzed the immunosuppressive effect of MAIT cells in an in vitro model of alloreactivity and explored their adoptive transfer in a preclinical xenogeneic GVHD model. We found that MAIT cells, whether freshly purified or short-term expanded, dose-dependently inhibited proliferation and activation of alloreactive T cells. In immunodeficient mice injected with human PBMCs, MAIT cells greatly delayed GVHD onset and decreased severity when transferred early after PBMC injection but could also control ongoing GVHD when transferred at delayed time points. This effect was associated with decreased proliferation and effector function of human T cells infiltrating tissues of diseased mice and was correlated with lower circulating IFN-γ and TNF-α levels and increased IL-10 levels. MAIT cells acted partly in a contact-dependent manner, which likely required direct interaction of their T cell receptor with MHC class I-related molecule (MR1) induced on host-reactive T cells. These results support the setup of clinical trials using MAIT cells as universal therapeutic tools to control severe GVHD or mucosal inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Talvard-Balland
- INSERM UMR-976 HIPI, Saint Louis Research Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marion Lambert
- INSERM UMR-976 HIPI, Saint Louis Research Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu F. Chevalier
- INSERM UMR-976 HIPI, Saint Louis Research Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Norbert Minet
- INSERM UMR-976 HIPI, Saint Louis Research Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marion Salou
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, INSERM U932, Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Marie Tourret
- INSERM UMR-976 HIPI, Saint Louis Research Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Armelle Bohineust
- INSERM UMR-976 HIPI, Saint Louis Research Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Idan Milo
- INSERM UMR-976 HIPI, Saint Louis Research Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Parietti
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, UMS Saint-Louis (US53/UAR2030), Paris, France
| | - Thomas Yvorra
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, Paris, France
| | - Gérard Socié
- INSERM UMR-976 HIPI, Saint Louis Research Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Hematology Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lantz
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, INSERM U932, Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Centre d’investigation Clinique en Biothérapie Gustave-Roussy Institut Curie (CIC-BT1428), Paris, France
| | - Sophie Caillat-Zucman
- INSERM UMR-976 HIPI, Saint Louis Research Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Immunology Laboratory, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Kammann T, Gorin JB, Parrot T, Gao Y, Ponzetta A, Emgård J, Maleki KT, Sekine T, Rivera-Ballesteros O, Gredmark-Russ S, Rooyackers O, Skagerberg M, Eriksson LI, Norrby-Teglund A, Mak JY, Fairlie DP, Björkström NK, Klingström J, Ljunggren HG, Aleman S, Buggert M, Strålin K, Sandberg JK. Dynamic MAIT Cell Recovery after Severe COVID-19 Is Transient with Signs of Heterogeneous Functional Anomalies. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:389-396. [PMID: 38117799 PMCID: PMC10784727 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an abundant population of unconventional T cells in humans and play important roles in immune defense against microbial infections. Severe COVID-19 is associated with strong activation of MAIT cells and loss of these cells from circulation. In the present study, we investigated the capacity of MAIT cells to recover after severe COVID-19. In longitudinal paired analysis, MAIT cells initially rebounded numerically and phenotypically in most patients at 4 mo postrelease from the hospital. However, the rebounding MAIT cells displayed signs of persistent activation with elevated expression of CD69, CD38, and HLA-DR. Although MAIT cell function was restored in many patients, a subgroup displayed a predominantly PD-1high functionally impaired MAIT cell pool. This profile was associated with poor expression of IFN-γ and granzyme B in response to IL-12 + L-18 and low levels of polyfunctionality. Unexpectedly, although the overall T cell counts recovered, normalization of the MAIT cell pool failed at 9-mo follow-up, with a clear decline in MAIT cell numbers and a further increase in PD-1 levels. Together, these results indicate an initial transient period of inconsistent recovery of MAIT cells that is not sustained and eventually fails. Persisting MAIT cell impairment in previously hospitalized patients with COVID-19 may have consequences for antimicrobial immunity and inflammation and could potentially contribute to post-COVID-19 health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kammann
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jean-Baptiste Gorin
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tiphaine Parrot
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yu Gao
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrea Ponzetta
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Emgård
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kimia T. Maleki
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Takuya Sekine
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olga Rivera-Ballesteros
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Sara Gredmark-Russ
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olav Rooyackers
- Department of Clinical Interventions and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Skagerberg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars I. Eriksson
- Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Norrby-Teglund
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey Y.W. Mak
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David P. Fairlie
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Niklas K. Björkström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Klingström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Soo Aleman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Dermatology, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcus Buggert
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Strålin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Dermatology, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan K. Sandberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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35
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Shrinivasan R, Wyatt-Johnson SK, Brutkiewicz RR. The MR1/MAIT cell axis in CNS diseases. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 116:321-328. [PMID: 38157945 PMCID: PMC10842441 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a subpopulation of innate-like T cells that can be found throughout the body, predominantly in mucosal sites, the lungs and in the peripheral blood. MAIT cells recognize microbial-derived vitamin B (e.g., riboflavin) metabolite antigens that are presented by the major histocompatibility complex class I-like protein, MR1, found on a variety of cell types in the periphery and the CNS. Since their original discovery, MAIT cells have been studied predominantly in their roles in diseases in the periphery; however, it was not until the early 2000s that these cells were first examined for their contributions to disorders of the CNS, with the bulk of the work being done within the past few years. Currently, the MR1/MAIT cell axis has been investigated in only a few neurological diseases including, multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, brain cancer/tumors, ischemia, cerebral palsy, general aging and, most recently, Alzheimer's disease. Each of these diseases demonstrates a role for this under-studied innate immune axis in its neuropathology. Together, they highlight the importance of studying the MR1/MAIT cell axis in CNS disorders. Here, we review the contributions of the MR1/MAIT cell axis in the progression or remission of these neurological diseases. This work has shed some light in terms of potentially exploiting the MR1/MAIT cell axis in novel therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Shrinivasan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Season K Wyatt-Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Randy R Brutkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Ito E, Inuki S, Izumi Y, Takahashi M, Dambayashi Y, Ciacchi L, Awad W, Takeyama A, Shibata K, Mori S, Mak JYW, Fairlie DP, Bamba T, Ishikawa E, Nagae M, Rossjohn J, Yamasaki S. Sulfated bile acid is a host-derived ligand for MAIT cells. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eade6924. [PMID: 38277465 PMCID: PMC11147531 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.ade6924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells that recognize bacterial riboflavin-based metabolites as activating antigens. Although MAIT cells are found in tissues, it is unknown whether any host tissue-derived antigens exist. Here, we report that a sulfated bile acid, cholic acid 7-sulfate (CA7S), binds the nonclassical MHC class I protein MR1 and is recognized by MAIT cells. CA7S is a host-derived metabolite whose levels were reduced by more than 98% in germ-free mice. Deletion of the sulfotransferase 2a family of enzymes (Sult2a1-8) responsible for CA7S synthesis reduced the number of thymic MAIT cells in mice. Moreover, recognition of CA7S induced MAIT cell survival and the expression of a homeostatic gene signature. By contrast, recognition of a previously described foreign antigen, 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-d-ribitylaminouracil (5-OP-RU), drove MAIT cell proliferation and the expression of inflammatory genes. Thus, CA7S is an endogenous antigen for MAIT cells, which promotes their development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Ito
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Inuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masatomo Takahashi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuki Dambayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Lisa Ciacchi
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wael Awad
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ami Takeyama
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kensuke Shibata
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Shotaro Mori
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jeffrey Y. W. Mak
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - David P. Fairlie
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Eri Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masamichi Nagae
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Cait A, Woods K, Naidoo K, Gell K, Schmidt A, Jackson R, Grooby A, O'Sullivan D, Gasser O. Tissue-specific contribution of mucosal-associated invariant T cells to allergic airway inflammation. Allergy 2024. [PMID: 38269416 DOI: 10.1111/all.16038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Alissa Cait
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Katherine Woods
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Karmella Naidoo
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Katie Gell
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alfonso Schmidt
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Alix Grooby
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - David O'Sullivan
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Olivier Gasser
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
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Oldereid TS, Jiang X, Øgaard J, Schrumpf E, Bjørnholt JV, Rasmussen H, Melum E. Microbial exposure during early life regulates development of bile duct inflammation. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:192-201. [PMID: 37997753 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2023.2278423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The early life microbiome has been linked to inflammatory diseases in adulthood and a role for the microbiome in bile duct inflammation is supported by both human and murine studies. We utilized the NOD.c3c4 mouse model that develops a spontaneous immune-driven biliary disease with a known contribution of the microbiome to evaluate the temporal effects of the early life microbiome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Germ-free (GF) NOD.c3c4 mice were conventionalized into a specific pathogen free environment at birth (conventionally raised, CONV-R) or at weaning (germ-free raised, GF-R) and compared with age and gender-matched GF and conventional (CONV) NOD.c3c4 mice. At 9 weeks of age, liver pathology was assessed by conventional histology and flow cytometry immunophenotyping. RESULTS Neonatal exposure to microbes (CONV-R) increased biliary inflammation to similar levels as regular conventional NOD.c3c4 mice, while delayed exposure to microbes (GF-R) restrained the biliary inflammation. Neutrophil infiltration was increased in all conventionalized mice compared to GF. An immunophenotype in the liver similar to CONV was restored in both CONV-R and GF-R compared to GF mice displaying a proportional increase of B cells and reduction of T cells in the liver. CONCLUSIONS Microbial exposure during early life has a temporal impact on biliary tract inflammation in the NOD.c3c4 mouse model suggesting that age-sensitive interaction with commensal microbes have long-lasting effects on biliary immunity that can be of importance for human cholangiopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine S Oldereid
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Xiaojun Jiang
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonas Øgaard
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Schrumpf
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jørgen V Bjørnholt
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Microbiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Henrik Rasmussen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Division of Oslo Hospital Services, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Melum
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Hybrid Technology Hub - Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Namasivayam S, Tilves C, Ding H, Wu S, Domingue JC, Ruiz-Bedoya C, Shah A, Bohrnsen E, Schwarz B, Bacorn M, Chen Q, Levy S, Dominguez Bello MG, Jain SK, Sears CL, Mueller NT, Hourigan SK. Fecal transplant from vaginally seeded infants decreases intraabdominal adiposity in mice. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2353394. [PMID: 38743047 PMCID: PMC11095576 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2353394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposing C-section infants to the maternal vaginal microbiome, coined "vaginal seeding", partially restores microbial colonization. However, whether vaginal seeding decreases metabolic disease risk is unknown. Therefore, we assessed the effect of vaginal seeding of human infants on adiposity in a murine model. Germ-free mice were colonized with transitional stool from human infants who received vaginal seeding or control (placebo) seeding in a double-blind randomized trial. There was a reduction in intraabdominal adipose tissue (IAAT) volume in male mice that received stool from vaginally seeded infants compared to control infants. Higher levels of isoleucine and lower levels of nucleic acid metabolites were observed in controls and correlated with increased IAAT. This suggests that early changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome caused by vaginal seeding have a positive impact on metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaranjani Namasivayam
- Clinical Microbiome Unit (CMU), Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Curtis Tilves
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hua Ding
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shaoguang Wu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jada C Domingue
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Camilo Ruiz-Bedoya
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ankit Shah
- Inova Health System, Inova Women’s Hospital, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Eric Bohrnsen
- Research Technologies Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Benjamin Schwarz
- Research Technologies Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Mickayla Bacorn
- Clinical Microbiome Unit (CMU), Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qing Chen
- Clinical Microbiome Unit (CMU), Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shira Levy
- Clinical Microbiome Unit (CMU), Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maria Gloria Dominguez Bello
- Departments of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Humans and the microbiome program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sanjay K Jain
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia L Sears
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Noel T Mueller
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Suchitra K Hourigan
- Clinical Microbiome Unit (CMU), Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Mezghiche I, Yahia-Cherbal H, Rogge L, Bianchi E. Interleukin 23 receptor: Expression and regulation in immune cells. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2250348. [PMID: 37837262 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The importance of IL-23 and its specific receptor, IL-23R, in the pathogenesis of several chronic inflammatory diseases has been established, but the underlying pathological mechanisms are not fully understood. This review focuses on IL-23R expression and regulation in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lars Rogge
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Kulalert W, Wells AC, Link VM, Lim AI, Bouladoux N, Nagai M, Harrison OJ, Kamenyeva O, Kabat J, Enamorado M, Chiu IM, Belkaid Y. The neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 axis tunes cutaneous adaptive immunity to the microbiota. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.26.573358. [PMID: 38234748 PMCID: PMC10793430 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.26.573358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The somatosensory nervous system surveils external stimuli at barrier tissues, regulating innate immune cells under infection and inflammation. The roles of sensory neurons in controlling the adaptive immune system, and more specifically immunity to the microbiota, however, remain elusive. Here, we identified a novel mechanism for direct neuroimmune communication between commensal-specific T lymphocytes and somatosensory neurons mediated by the neuropeptide Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) in the skin. Intravital imaging revealed that commensal-specific T cells are in close proximity to cutaneous nerve fibers in vivo . Correspondingly, we observed upregulation of the receptor for the neuropeptide CGRP, RAMP1, in CD8 + T lymphocytes induced by skin commensal colonization. Neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling axis functions in commensal-specific T cells to constrain Type 17 responses and moderate the activation status of microbiota-reactive lymphocytes at homeostasis. As such, modulation of neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling in commensal-specific T cells shapes the overall activation status of the skin epithelium, thereby impacting the outcome of responses to insults such as wounding. The ability of somatosensory neurons to control adaptive immunity to the microbiota via the CGRP-RAMP1 axis underscores the various layers of regulation and multisystem coordination required for optimal microbiota-reactive T cell functions under steady state and pathology. Significance statement Multisystem coordination at barrier surfaces is critical for optimal tissue functions and integrity, in response to microbial and environmental cues. In this study, we identified a novel neuroimmune crosstalk mechanism between the sensory nervous system and the adaptive immune response to the microbiota, mediated by the neuropeptide CGRP and its receptor RAMP1 on skin microbiota-induced T lymphocytes. The neuroimmune CGPR-RAMP1 axis constrains adaptive immunity to the microbiota and overall limits the activation status of the skin epithelium, impacting tissue responses to wounding. Our study opens the door to a new avenue to modulate adaptive immunity to the microbiota utilizing neuromodulators, allowing for a more integrative and tailored approach to harnessing microbiota-induced T cells to promote barrier tissue protection and repair.
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Minot SS, Mayer-Blackwell K, Fiore-Gartland A, Johnson A, Self S, Bhatti P, Yao L, Liu L, Sun X, Jinfa Y, Kublin J. Strain-level characterization of health-associated bacterial consortia that colonize the human gut during infancy. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.12.16.23300077. [PMID: 38168439 PMCID: PMC10760300 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.16.23300077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Background The human gut microbiome develops rapidly during infancy, a key window of development coinciding with maturation of the adaptive immune system. However, little is known of the microbiome growth dynamics over the first few months of life and whether there are any generalizable patterns across human populations. We performed metagenomic sequencing on stool samples (n=94) from a cohort of infants (n=15) at monthly intervals in the first six months of life, augmenting our dataset with seven published studies for a total of 4,441 metagenomes from 1,162 infants. Results Strain-level de novo analysis was used to identify 592 of the most abundant organisms in the infant gut microbiome. Previously unrecognized consortia were identified which exhibited highly correlated abundances across samples and were composed of diverse species spanning multiple genera. Analysis of a cohort of infants with cystic fibrosis identified one such novel consortium of diverse Enterobacterales which was positively correlated with weight gain. While all studies showed an increased community stability during the first year of life, microbial dynamics varied widely in the first few months of life, both by study and by individual. Conclusion By augmenting published metagenomic datasets with data from a newly established cohort we were able to identify novel groups of organisms that are correlated with measures of robust human development. We hypothesize that the presence of these groups may impact human health in aggregate in ways that individual species may not in isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew Fiore-Gartland
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Andrew Johnson
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Steven Self
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Parveen Bhatti
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Epidemiology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, USA
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lena Yao
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Lili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Sun
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Jinfa
- Nanhai Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - James Kublin
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, USA
- HIV Vaccine Trials Network, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, USA
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Wu S, Yang X, Lou Y, Xiao X. MAIT cells in bacterial infectious diseases: heroes, villains, or both? Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 214:144-153. [PMID: 37624404 PMCID: PMC10714195 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the aggravation of bacterial drug resistance and the lag in the development of new antibiotics, it is crucial to develop novel therapeutic regimens for bacterial infectious diseases. Currently, immunotherapy is a promising regimen for the treatment of infectious diseases. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, a subpopulation of innate-like T cells, are abundant in humans and can mount a rapid immune response to pathogens, thus becoming a potential target of immunotherapy for infectious diseases. At the site of infection, activated MAIT cells perform complex biological functions by secreting a variety of cytokines and cytotoxic substances. Many studies have shown that MAIT cells have immunoprotective effects because they can bridge innate and adaptive immune responses, leading to bacterial clearance, tissue repair, and homeostasis maintenance. MAIT cells also participate in cytokine storm generation, tissue fibrosis, and cancer progression, indicating that they play a role in immunopathology. In this article, we review recent studies of MAIT cells, discuss their dual roles in bacterial infectious diseases and provide some promising MAIT cell-targeting strategies for the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihong Wu
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xingxing Xiao
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Tognarelli EI, Gutiérrez-Vera C, Palacios PA, Pasten-Ferrada IA, Aguirre-Muñoz F, Cornejo DA, González PA, Carreño LJ. Natural Killer T Cell Diversity and Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5737. [PMID: 38136283 PMCID: PMC10742272 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKTs), a type of unconventional T cells, share features with NK cells and have an invariant T cell receptor (TCR), which recognizes lipid antigens loaded on CD1d molecules, a major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I)-like protein. This interaction produces the secretion of a wide array of cytokines by these cells, including interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin 4 (IL-4), allowing iNKTs to link innate with adaptive responses. Interestingly, molecules that bind CD1d have been identified that enable the modulation of these cells, highlighting their potential pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive capacities, as required in different clinical settings. In this review, we summarize key features of iNKTs and current understandings of modulatory α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) variants, a model iNKT cell activator that can shift the outcome of adaptive immune responses. Furthermore, we discuss advances in the development of strategies that modulate these cells to target pathologies that are considerable healthcare burdens. Finally, we recapitulate findings supporting a role for iNKTs in infectious diseases and tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo I. Tognarelli
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8330025, Chile; (E.I.T.); (C.G.-V.); (P.A.P.); (I.A.P.-F.); (F.A.-M.); (D.A.C.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Cristián Gutiérrez-Vera
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8330025, Chile; (E.I.T.); (C.G.-V.); (P.A.P.); (I.A.P.-F.); (F.A.-M.); (D.A.C.)
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Pablo A. Palacios
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8330025, Chile; (E.I.T.); (C.G.-V.); (P.A.P.); (I.A.P.-F.); (F.A.-M.); (D.A.C.)
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Ignacio A. Pasten-Ferrada
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8330025, Chile; (E.I.T.); (C.G.-V.); (P.A.P.); (I.A.P.-F.); (F.A.-M.); (D.A.C.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Fernanda Aguirre-Muñoz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8330025, Chile; (E.I.T.); (C.G.-V.); (P.A.P.); (I.A.P.-F.); (F.A.-M.); (D.A.C.)
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Daniel A. Cornejo
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8330025, Chile; (E.I.T.); (C.G.-V.); (P.A.P.); (I.A.P.-F.); (F.A.-M.); (D.A.C.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Pablo A. González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8330025, Chile; (E.I.T.); (C.G.-V.); (P.A.P.); (I.A.P.-F.); (F.A.-M.); (D.A.C.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Leandro J. Carreño
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8330025, Chile; (E.I.T.); (C.G.-V.); (P.A.P.); (I.A.P.-F.); (F.A.-M.); (D.A.C.)
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
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Kim K, Jang H, Kim E, Kim H, Sung GY. Recent advances in understanding the role of the skin microbiome in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:2048-2061. [PMID: 37767872 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ in the human body, and histologically consists of the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Humans maintain a cooperative symbiotic relationship with their skin microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, fungi and viruses that live on the surface of the skin, and which act as a barrier to protect the body from the inside and outside. The skin is a 'habitat' and vast 'ecosystem' inhabited by countless microbes; as such, relationships have been forged through millions of years of coevolution. It is not surprising then that microbes are key participants in shaping and maintaining essential physiological processes. In addition to maintaining barrier function, the unique symbiotic microbiota that colonizes the skin increases the immune response and provides protection against pathogenic microbes. This review examines our current understanding of skin microbes in shaping and enhancing the skin barrier, as well as skin microbiome-host interactions and their roles in skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD). We also report on the current status of AD therapeutic drugs that target the skin microbiome, related research on current therapeutic strategies, and the limitations and future considerations of skin microbiome research. In particular, as a future strategy, we discuss the need for a skin-on-a-chip-based microphysiological system research model amenable to biomimetic in vitro studies and human skin equivalent models, including skin appendages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Nano-Medical Device Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Integrative Materials Research Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hyeji Jang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Nano-Medical Device Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Integrative Materials Research Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Eunyul Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Nano-Medical Device Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Integrative Materials Research Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hyeju Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Nano-Medical Device Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Integrative Materials Research Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Gun Yong Sung
- Interdisciplinary Program of Nano-Medical Device Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Integrative Materials Research Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Major in Materials Science and Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
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46
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Tuor M, LeibundGut-Landmann S. The skin mycobiome and intermicrobial interactions in the cutaneous niche. Curr Opin Microbiol 2023; 76:102381. [PMID: 37703811 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian microbiomes have coevolved with their host to establish a stable homeostatic relationship. Multifaceted commensal-host and commensal-commensal interactions contribute to the maintenance of the equilibrium with an impact on diverse host physiological processes. Despite constant exposure to physical and chemical insults from the environment, the skin harbors a surprisingly stable microbiome. The fungal compartment of the skin microbiome, the skin mycobiome, is unique in that it is dominated by a single fungus, Malassezia. The lack in diversity suggests that the skin may provide a unique niche for this fungal genus and that Malassezia may efficiently outcompete other fungi from the skin. This opinion article examines aspects in support of this hypothesis, discusses how changes in niche conditions associate with skin mycobiome dysregulation, and highlights an emerging example of Malassezia being displaced from the skin by the emerging fungal pathogen C. auris, thereby generating a predisposing situation for fatal-invasive infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meret Tuor
- Section of Immunology, Vetsuisse Faculty and Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Salomé LeibundGut-Landmann
- Section of Immunology, Vetsuisse Faculty and Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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Jirouš Drulak M, Grgić Z, Plužarić V, Šola M, Opačak-Bernardi T, Viljetić B, Glavaš K, Tolušić-Levak M, Periša V, Mihalj M, Štefanić M, Tokić S. Characterization of the TCRβ repertoire of peripheral MR1-restricted MAIT cells in psoriasis vulgaris patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20990. [PMID: 38017021 PMCID: PMC10684872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48321-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris (PV) is an inflammatory skin disease largely driven by aberrant αβT cells. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, which constitute the largest circulating innate-like αβT cell community in human adults, are characterized by a semi-invariant TCRVα7.2 receptor and MR1-restricted affinity toward microbial metabolites. Limited MAIT TCRα diversity is complemented by a more variable TCRβ repertoire, but its footprint in the MAIT repertoire of PV patients has never been tested. Here, we used bulk TCRSeq, MiXCR, VDJTools, and Immunarch pipelines to decipher and compare TCRβ clonotypes from flow-sorted, peripheral TCRVα7.2+MR1-5-OP-RU-tet+MAIT cells from 10 PV patients and 10 healthy, matched controls. The resulting TCRβ collections were highly private and individually unique, with small public clonotype content and high CDR3β amino acid length variability in both groups. The age-related increase in the 'hyperexpanded' clonotype compartment was observed in PV, but not in healthy MAIT repertoires. The TCRβ repertoires of PV patients were also marked by skewed TRBV/TRBJ pairing, and the emergence of PV-specific, public CDR3β peptide sequences closely matching the published CDR3β record from psoriatic skin. Overall, our study provides preliminary insight into the peripheral MAIT TCRβ repertoire in psoriasis and warrants further evaluation of its diagnostic and clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Jirouš Drulak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Zvonimir Grgić
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vera Plužarić
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Šola
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Teuta Opačak-Bernardi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Barbara Viljetić
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Kristina Glavaš
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Maja Tolušić-Levak
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Periša
- Department of Internal Medicine and History of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Hematology, Clinic of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Martina Mihalj
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mario Štefanić
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Stana Tokić
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
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48
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Maseda D, Manfredo-Vieira S, Payne AS. T cell and bacterial microbiota interaction at intestinal and skin epithelial interfaces. DISCOVERY IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 2:kyad024. [PMID: 38567051 PMCID: PMC10917213 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Maseda
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Silvio Manfredo-Vieira
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aimee S Payne
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Gnirck AC, Philipp MS, Waterhölter A, Wunderlich M, Shaikh N, Adamiak V, Henneken L, Kautz T, Xiong T, Klaus D, Tomczyk P, Al-Bahra MM, Menche D, Walkenhorst M, Lantz O, Willing A, Friese MA, Huber TB, Krebs CF, Panzer U, Kurts C, Turner JE. Mucosal-associated invariant T cells contribute to suppression of inflammatory myeloid cells in immune-mediated kidney disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7372. [PMID: 37968302 PMCID: PMC10651937 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have been implicated in various inflammatory diseases of barrier organs, but so far, their role in kidney disease is unclear. Here we report that MAIT cells that recognize their prototypical ligand, the vitamin B2 intermediate 5-OP-RU presented by MR1, reside in human and mouse kidneys. Single cell RNAseq analysis reveals several intrarenal MAIT subsets, and one, carrying the genetic fingerprint of tissue-resident MAIT17 cells, is activated and expanded in a murine model of crescentic glomerulonephritis (cGN). An equivalent subset is also present in kidney biopsies of patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody (ANCA)-associated cGN. MAIT cell-deficient MR1 mice show aggravated disease, whereas B6-MAITCAST mice, harboring higher MAIT cell numbers, are protected from cGN. The expanded MAIT17 cells express anti-inflammatory mediators known to suppress cGN, such as CTLA-4, PD-1, and TGF-β. Interactome analysis predicts CXCR6 - CXCL16-mediated cross-talk with renal mononuclear phagocytes, known to drive cGN progression. In line, we find that cGN is aggravated upon CXCL16 blockade. Finally, we present an optimized 5-OP-RU synthesis method which we apply to attenuating cGN in mice. In summary, we propose that CXCR6+ MAIT cells might play a protective role in cGN, implicating them as a potential target for anti-inflammatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Christin Gnirck
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Euroimmun, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marie-Sophie Philipp
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Immunology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut Langen, Langen, Germany
| | - Alex Waterhölter
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Malte Wunderlich
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nikhat Shaikh
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Virginia Adamiak
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lena Henneken
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Kautz
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tingting Xiong
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Klaus
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Pascal Tomczyk
- Kekulé Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mohamad M Al-Bahra
- Kekulé Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dirk Menche
- Kekulé Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mark Walkenhorst
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Olivier Lantz
- Inserm U932, Laboratoire d'immunologie Clinique and Centre d'investigation Clinique en Biothérapie Gustave-Roussy, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Anne Willing
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manuel A Friese
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian F Krebs
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Kurts
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Jan-Eric Turner
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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50
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Chengalroyen MD. Current Perspectives and Challenges of MAIT Cell-Directed Therapy for Tuberculosis Infection. Pathogens 2023; 12:1343. [PMID: 38003807 PMCID: PMC10675005 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a distinct population of non-conventional T cells that have been preserved through evolution and possess properties of both innate and adaptive immune cells. They are activated through the recognition of antigens presented by non-polymorphic MR1 proteins or, alternately, can be stimulated by specific cytokines. These cells are multifaceted and exert robust antimicrobial activity against bacterial and viral infections, direct the immune response through the modulation of other immune cells, and exhibit a specialized tissue homeostasis and repair function. These distinct characteristics have instigated interest in MAIT cell biology for immunotherapy and vaccine development. This review describes the current understanding of MAIT cell activation, their role in infections and diseases with an emphasis on tuberculosis (TB) infection, and perspectives on the future use of MAIT cells in immune-mediated therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D Chengalroyen
- Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
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