1
|
Bou Malham V, Benzoubir N, Vaquero J, Desterke C, Agnetti J, Song PX, Gonzalez-Sanchez E, Arbelaiz A, Jacques S, Di Valentin E, Rahmouni S, Tan TZ, Samuel D, Thiery JP, Sebagh M, Fouassier L, Gassama-Diagne A. Intrinsic cancer cell phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ regulates fibrosis and vascular development in cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Int 2023; 43:2776-2793. [PMID: 37804055 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The class I- phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases (PI3Ks) signalling is dysregulated in almost all human cancers whereas the isoform-specific roles remain poorly investigated. We reported that the isoform δ (PI3Kδ) regulated epithelial cell polarity and plasticity and recent developments have heightened its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and solid tumour progression. However, its role in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) still lacks investigation. APPROACH & RESULTS Immunohistochemical analyses of CCA samples reveal a high expression of PI3Kδ in the less differentiated CCA. The RT-qPCR and immunoblot analyses performed on CCA cells stably overexpressing PI3Kδ using lentiviral construction reveal an increase of mesenchymal and stem cell markers and the pluripotency transcription factors. CCA cells stably overexpressing PI3Kδ cultured in 3D culture display a thick layer of ECM at the basement membrane and a wide single lumen compared to control cells. Similar data are observed in vivo, in xenografted tumours established with PI3Kδ-overexpressing CCA cells in immunodeficient mice. The expression of mesenchymal and stemness genes also increases and tumour tissue displays necrosis and fibrosis, along with a prominent angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, as in mice liver of AAV8-based-PI3Kδ overexpression. These PI3Kδ-mediated cell morphogenesis and stroma remodelling were dependent on TGFβ/Src/Notch signalling. Whole transcriptome analysis of PI3Kδ using the cancer cell line encyclopedia allows the classification of CCA cells according to cancer progression. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results support the critical role of PI3Kδ in the progression and aggressiveness of CCA via TGFβ/src/Notch-dependent mechanisms and open new directions for the classification and treatment of CCA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Bou Malham
- INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, France
| | - Nassima Benzoubir
- INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, France
| | - Javier Vaquero
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Jean Agnetti
- INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, France
| | - Pei Xuan Song
- INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, France
| | - Ester Gonzalez-Sanchez
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
- TGF-β and Cancer Group, Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Oncology Program, CIBEREHD, National Biomedical Research Institute on Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Inovarion, Paris, France
| | - Ander Arbelaiz
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Jacques
- Laboratory of Animal Genomics, GIGA-Medical Genomics, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Emanuel Di Valentin
- Plateforme des vecteurs viraux, Université de Liège, GIGA B34, Liège, Belgium
| | - Souad Rahmouni
- Laboratory of Animal Genomics, GIGA-Medical Genomics, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Tuan Zea Tan
- Genomics and Data Analytics Core (GeDaC), Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Didier Samuel
- INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, France
- Centre Hepato-Biliaire, AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean Paul Thiery
- Guangzhou Laboratory, International Biological Island Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mylène Sebagh
- INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, France
- Laboratoire d'Anatomopathologie, AP-HP Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - Laura Fouassier
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Ama Gassama-Diagne
- INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Porquet F, Weidong L, Jehasse K, Gazon H, Kondili M, Blacher S, Massotte L, Di Valentin E, Furling D, Gillet NA, Klein AF, Seutin V, Willems L. Specific DMPK-promoter targeting by CRISPRi reverses myotonic dystrophy type 1-associated defects in patient muscle cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 32:857-871. [PMID: 37273786 PMCID: PMC10238591 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a neuromuscular disease that originates from an expansion of CTG microsatellites in the 3' untranslated region of the DMPK gene, thus leading to the expression of transcripts containing expanded CUG repeats (CUGexp). The pathophysiology is explained by a toxic RNA gain of function where CUGexp RNAs form nuclear aggregates that sequester and alter the function of MBNL splicing factors, triggering splicing misregulation linked to the DM1 symptoms. There is currently no cure for DM1, and most therapeutic strategies aim at eliminating CUGexp-DMPK transcripts. Here, we investigate a DMPK-promoter silencing strategy using CRISPR interference as a new alternative approach. Different sgRNAs targeting the DMPK promoter are evaluated in DM1 patient muscle cells. The most effective guides allowed us to reduce the level of DMPK transcripts and CUGexp-RNA aggregates up to 80%. The CUGexp-DMPK repression corrects the overall transcriptome, including spliceopathy, and reverses a physiological parameter in DM1 muscle cells. Its action is specific and restricted to the DMPK gene, as confirmed by genome-wide expression analysis. Altogether, our findings highlight DMPK-promoter silencing by CRISPRi as a promising therapeutic approach for DM1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florent Porquet
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics, GIGA-Cancer, ULiège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, ULiège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Lin Weidong
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics, GIGA-Cancer, ULiège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Kévin Jehasse
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, ULiège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Hélène Gazon
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics, GIGA-Cancer, ULiège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Maria Kondili
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Silvia Blacher
- Laboratory of Biology of Tumor and Development, GIGA-Cancer, ULiège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Laurent Massotte
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, ULiège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Denis Furling
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Albert Gillet
- Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Integrated Veterinary Research Unit (URVI), University of Namur, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Arnaud François Klein
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Seutin
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, ULiège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Luc Willems
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics, GIGA-Cancer, ULiège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Boutin M, Medjahed H, Nayrac M, Lotke R, Gendron-Lepage G, Bourassa C, Sauter D, Richard J, Finzi A. Temsavir Modulates HIV-1 Envelope Conformation by Decreasing Its Proteolytic Cleavage. Viruses 2023; 15:1189. [PMID: 37243275 PMCID: PMC10221371 DOI: 10.3390/v15051189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Envs) mediate viral entry and represent a target of choice for small molecule inhibitors. One of them, temsavir (BMS-626529) prevents the interaction of the host cell receptor CD4 with Env by binding the pocket under the β20-β21 loop of the Env subunit gp120. Along with its capacity to prevent viral entry, temsavir stabilizes Env in its "closed" conformation. We recently reported that temsavir affects glycosylation, proteolytic processing, and overall conformation of Env. Here, we extend these results to a panel of primary Envs and infectious molecular clones (IMCs), where we observe a heterogeneous impact on Env cleavage and conformation. Our results suggest that the effect of temsavir on Env conformation is associated with its capacity to decrease Env processing. Indeed, we found that the effect of temsavir on Env processing affects the recognition of HIV-1-infected cells by broadly neutralizing antibodies and correlates with their capacity to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Boutin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada (M.N.)
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Halima Medjahed
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Manon Nayrac
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada (M.N.)
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Rishikesh Lotke
- Institute for Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Daniel Sauter
- Institute for Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada (M.N.)
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada (M.N.)
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Richard J, Prévost J, Bourassa C, Brassard N, Boutin M, Benlarbi M, Goyette G, Medjahed H, Gendron-Lepage G, Gaudette F, Chen HC, Tolbert WD, Smith AB, Pazgier M, Dubé M, Clark A, Mothes W, Kaufmann DE, Finzi A. Temsavir blocks the immunomodulatory activities of HIV-1 soluble gp120. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:540-552.e6. [PMID: 36958337 PMCID: PMC10198848 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
While HIV-1-mediated CD4 downregulation protects infected cells from antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), shed gp120 binds to CD4 on uninfected bystander CD4+ T cells, sensitizing them to ADCC mediated by HIV+ plasma. Soluble gp120-CD4 interaction on multiple immune cells also triggers a cytokine burst. The small molecule temsavir acts as an HIV-1 attachment inhibitor by preventing envelope glycoprotein (Env)-CD4 interaction and alters the overall antigenicity of Env by affecting its processing and glycosylation. Here we show that temsavir also blocks the immunomodulatory activities of shed gp120. Temsavir prevents shed gp120 from interacting with uninfected bystander CD4+ cells, protecting them from ADCC responses and preventing a cytokine burst. Mechanistically, this depends on temsavir's capacity to prevent soluble gp120-CD4 interaction, to reduce gp120 shedding, and to alter gp120 antigenicity. This suggests that the clinical benefits provided by temsavir could extend beyond blocking viral entry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | - Marianne Boutin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mehdi Benlarbi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Fleur Gaudette
- Plateforme de Pharmacocinétique, Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Hung-Ching Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - William D Tolbert
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4712, USA
| | - Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Marzena Pazgier
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4712, USA
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Andrew Clark
- ViiV Healthcare, Global Medical Affairs, Middlesex TW8 9GS, UK
| | - Walther Mothes
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Balibar CJ, Klein DJ, Zamlynny B, Diamond TL, Fang Z, Cheney CA, Kristoff J, Lu M, Bukhtiyarova M, Ou Y, Xu M, Ba L, Carroll SS, El Marrouni A, Fay JF, Forster A, Goh SL, Gu M, Krosky D, Rosenbloom DIS, Sheth P, Wang D, Wu G, Zebisch M, Zhao T, Zuck P, Grobler J, Hazuda DJ, Howell BJ, Converso A. Potent targeted activator of cell kill molecules eliminate cells expressing HIV-1. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabn2038. [PMID: 36812345 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn2038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy inhibits HIV-1 replication but is not curative due to establishment of a persistent reservoir after virus integration into the host genome. Reservoir reduction is therefore an important HIV-1 cure strategy. Some HIV-1 nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors induce HIV-1 selective cytotoxicity in vitro but require concentrations far exceeding approved dosages. Focusing on this secondary activity, we found bifunctional compounds with HIV-1-infected cell kill potency at clinically achievable concentrations. These targeted activator of cell kill (TACK) molecules bind the reverse transcriptase-p66 domain of monomeric Gag-Pol and act as allosteric modulators to accelerate dimerization, resulting in HIV-1+ cell death through premature intracellular viral protease activation. TACK molecules retain potent antiviral activity and selectively eliminate infected CD4+ T cells isolated from people living with HIV-1, supporting an immune-independent clearance strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carl J Balibar
- Infectious Disease and Vaccines, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Daniel J Klein
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Beata Zamlynny
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Tracy L Diamond
- Infectious Disease and Vaccines, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Zhiyu Fang
- Infectious Disease and Vaccines, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Carol A Cheney
- Infectious Disease and Vaccines, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Jan Kristoff
- Infectious Disease and Vaccines, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Meiqing Lu
- Infectious Disease and Vaccines, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | | | - Yangsi Ou
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Min Xu
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Lei Ba
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Steven S Carroll
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | | | - John F Fay
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Ashley Forster
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Shih Lin Goh
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Meigang Gu
- Evotec Ltd., Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RZ, UK
| | - Daniel Krosky
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Daniel I S Rosenbloom
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Payal Sheth
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Deping Wang
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Guoxin Wu
- Infectious Disease and Vaccines, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | | | - Tian Zhao
- Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Paul Zuck
- Infectious Disease and Vaccines, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Jay Grobler
- Infectious Disease and Vaccines, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Daria J Hazuda
- Infectious Disease and Vaccines, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Bonnie J Howell
- Infectious Disease and Vaccines, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Effect of PEG Anchor and Serum on Lipid Nanoparticles: Development of a Nanoparticles Tracking Method. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020597. [PMID: 36839919 PMCID: PMC9962341 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used in Lipid Nanoparticles (LNPs) formulations to confer stealth properties and is traditionally anchored in membranes by a lipid moiety whose length significantly impacts the LNPs fate in vivo. C18 acyl chains are efficiently anchored in the membrane, while shorter C14 lipids are quickly desorbed and replaced by a protein corona responsible for the completely different fate of LNPs. In this context, a method to predict the biological behavior of LNPs depending on the lipid-PEG dissociation was developed using the Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) method in serum. Two formulations of siRNA-containing LNPs were prepared including CSL3 or SM-102 lipids and were grafted with different lipids-PEG (C18, C14 lipids-PEG, and Ceramide-PEG). The impact of the lipid-PEG on the interactions between LNPs and serum components was demonstrated by monitoring the mean particle size and the concentration over time. In vitro, these formulations demonstrated low toxicity and efficient gene knockdown on tumor MDA-MB-231 cells, but serum was found to significantly impact the efficiency of C18-PEG-based LNPs, while it did not impact the efficiency of C14-PEG-based LNPs. The NTA method demonstrated the ability to discriminate between the behaviors of LNPs according to serum proteins' interactions. CSL3 lipid and Cer-PEG were confirmed to have promise for LNP formulation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Laumaea A, Marchitto L, Ding S, Beaudoin-Bussières G, Prévost J, Gasser R, Chatterjee D, Gendron-Lepage G, Medjahed H, Chen HC, Smith AB, Ding H, Kappes JC, Hahn BH, Kirchhoff F, Richard J, Duerr R, Finzi A. Small CD4 mimetics sensitize HIV-1-infected macrophages to antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Cell Rep 2023; 42:111983. [PMID: 36640355 PMCID: PMC9941794 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 envelope (Env) conformation determines the susceptibility of infected CD4+ T cells to antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Upon interaction with CD4, Env adopts more "open" conformations, exposing ADCC epitopes. HIV-1 limits Env-CD4 interaction and protects infected cells against ADCC by downregulating CD4 via Nef, Vpu, and Env. Limited data exist, however, of the role of these proteins in downmodulating CD4 on infected macrophages and how this impacts Env conformation. While Nef, Vpu, and Env are all required to efficiently downregulate CD4 on infected CD4+ T cells, we show here that any one of these proteins is sufficient to downmodulate most CD4 from the surface of infected macrophages. Consistent with this finding, Nef and Vpu have a lesser impact on Env conformation and ADCC sensitivity in infected macrophages compared with CD4+ T cells. However, treatment of infected macrophages with small CD4 mimetics exposes vulnerable CD4-induced Env epitopes and sensitizes them to ADCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Laumaea
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Lorie Marchitto
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Shilei Ding
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Romain Gasser
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Hung-Ching Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Haitao Ding
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - John C Kappes
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Research Service, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Beatrice H Hahn
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6076, USA
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Ralf Duerr
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Prévost J, Anand SP, Rajashekar JK, Zhu L, Richard J, Goyette G, Medjahed H, Gendron-Lepage G, Chen HC, Chen Y, Horwitz JA, Grunst MW, Zolla-Pazner S, Haynes BF, Burton DR, Flavell RA, Kirchhoff F, Hahn BH, Smith AB, Pazgier M, Nussenzweig MC, Kumar P, Finzi A. HIV-1 Vpu restricts Fc-mediated effector functions in vivo. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111624. [PMID: 36351384 PMCID: PMC9703018 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-neutralizing antibodies (nnAbs) can eliminate HIV-1-infected cells via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and were identified as a correlate of protection in the RV144 vaccine trial. Fc-mediated effector functions of nnAbs were recently shown to alter the course of HIV-1 infection in vivo using a vpu-defective virus. Since Vpu is known to downregulate cell-surface CD4, which triggers conformational changes in the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env), we ask whether the lack of Vpu expression was linked to the observed nnAbs activity. We find that restoring Vpu expression greatly reduces nnAb recognition of infected cells, rendering them resistant to ADCC. Moreover, administration of nnAbs in humanized mice reduces viral loads only in animals infected with a vpu-defective but not with a wild-type virus. CD4-mimetics administration, known to "open" Env and expose nnAb epitopes, renders wild-type viruses sensitive to nnAbs Fc-effector functions. This work highlights the importance of Vpu-mediated evasion of humoral responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Sai Priya Anand
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jyothi Krishnaswamy Rajashekar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Hung-Ching Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Yaozong Chen
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4712, USA
| | - Joshua A Horwitz
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael W Grunst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Susan Zolla-Pazner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Departments of Medicine and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Dennis R Burton
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Beatrice H Hahn
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6076, USA
| | - Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Marzena Pazgier
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4712, USA
| | - Michel C Nussenzweig
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Priti Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gong SY, Ding S, Benlarbi M, Chen Y, Vézina D, Marchitto L, Beaudoin-Bussières G, Goyette G, Bourassa C, Bo Y, Medjahed H, Levade I, Pazgier M, Côté M, Richard J, Prévost J, Finzi A. Temperature Influences the Interaction between SARS-CoV-2 Spike from Omicron Subvariants and Human ACE2. Viruses 2022; 14:2178. [PMID: 36298733 PMCID: PMC9607596 DOI: 10.3390/v14102178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 continues to infect millions of people worldwide. The subvariants arising from the variant-of-concern (VOC) Omicron include BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5. All possess multiple mutations in their Spike glycoprotein, notably in its immunogenic receptor-binding domain (RBD), and present enhanced viral transmission. The highly mutated Spike glycoproteins from these subvariants present different degrees of resistance to recognition and cross-neutralisation by plasma from previously infected and/or vaccinated individuals. We have recently shown that the temperature affects the interaction between the Spike and its receptor, the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The affinity of RBD for ACE2 is significantly increased at lower temperatures. However, whether this is also observed with the Spike of Omicron and sub-lineages is not known. Here we show that, similar to other variants, Spikes from Omicron sub-lineages bind better the ACE2 receptor at lower temperatures. Whether this translates into enhanced transmission during the fall and winter seasons remains to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shang Yu Gong
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Shilei Ding
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mehdi Benlarbi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Yaozong Chen
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine of Uniformed Services, University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4712, USA
| | - Dani Vézina
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Lorie Marchitto
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | - Yuxia Bo
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | | | - Inès Levade
- Laboratoire de Santé Publique du Québec, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3R5, Canada
| | - Marzena Pazgier
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine of Uniformed Services, University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4712, USA
| | - Marceline Côté
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Characterization of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) Envelope Glycoprotein Variants Selected for Resistance to a CD4-Mimetic Compound. J Virol 2022; 96:e0063622. [PMID: 35980207 PMCID: PMC9472635 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00636-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding to the host cell receptors CD4 and CCR5/CXCR4 triggers conformational changes in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimer that promote virus entry. CD4 binding allows the gp120 exterior Env to bind CCR5/CXCR4 and induces a short-lived prehairpin intermediate conformation in the gp41 transmembrane Env. Small-molecule CD4-mimetic compounds (CD4mcs) bind within the conserved Phe-43 cavity of gp120, near the binding site for CD4. CD4mcs like BNM-III-170 inhibit HIV-1 infection by competing with CD4 and by prematurely activating Env, leading to irreversible inactivation. In cell culture, we selected and analyzed variants of the primary HIV-1AD8 strain resistant to BNM-III-170. Two changes (S375N and I424T) in gp120 residues that flank the Phe-43 cavity each conferred an ~5-fold resistance to BNM-III-170 with minimal fitness cost. A third change (E64G) in layer 1 of the gp120 inner domain resulted in ~100-fold resistance to BNM-III-170, ~2- to 3-fold resistance to soluble CD4-Ig, and a moderate decrease in viral fitness. The gp120 changes additively or synergistically contributed to BNM-III-170 resistance. The sensitivity of the Env variants to BNM-III-170 inhibition of virus entry correlated with their sensitivity to BNM-III-170-induced Env activation and shedding of gp120. Together, the S375N and I424T changes, but not the E64G change, conferred >100-fold and 33-fold resistance to BMS-806 and BMS-529 (temsavir), respectively, potent HIV-1 entry inhibitors that block Env conformational transitions. These studies identify pathways whereby HIV-1 can develop resistance to CD4mcs and conformational blockers, two classes of entry inhibitors that target the conserved gp120 Phe-43 cavity. IMPORTANCE CD4-mimetic compounds (CD4mcs) and conformational blockers like BMS-806 and BMS-529 (temsavir) are small-molecule inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) entry into host cells. Although CD4mcs and conformational blockers inhibit HIV-1 entry by different mechanisms, they both target a pocket on the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) spike that is used for binding to the receptor CD4 and is highly conserved among HIV-1 strains. Our study identifies changes near this pocket that can confer various levels of resistance to the antiviral effects of a CD4mc and conformational blockers. We relate the antiviral potency of a CD4mc against this panel of HIV-1 variants to the ability of the CD4mc to activate changes in Env conformation and to induce the shedding of the gp120 exterior Env from the spike. These findings will guide efforts to improve the potency and breadth of small-molecule HIV-1 entry inhibitors.
Collapse
|
11
|
Balakrishnan S, Singh ISB, Puthumana J. Status in molluscan cell line development in last one decade (2010–2020): impediments and way forward. Cytotechnology 2022; 74:433-457. [PMID: 36110153 PMCID: PMC9374870 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-022-00539-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the attempts that have started since the 1960s, not even a single cell line of marine molluscs is available. Considering the vast contribution of marine bivalve aquaculture to the world economy, the prevailing viral threats, and the dismaying lack of advancements in molluscan virology, the requirement of a marine molluscan cell line is indispensable. This synthetic review discusses the obstacles in developing a marine molluscan cell line concerning the choice of species, the selection of tissue and decontamination, and cell culture media, with emphasis given on the current decade 2010-2020. Detailed accounts on the experiments on the virus cultivation in vitro and molluscan cell immortalization, with a brief note on the history and applications of the molluscan cell culture, are elucidated to give a holistic picture of the current status and future trends in molluscan cell line development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10616-022-00539-x.
Collapse
|
12
|
Ding S, Ullah I, Gong SY, Grover JR, Mohammadi M, Chen Y, Vézina D, Beaudoin-Bussières G, Verma VT, Goyette G, Gaudette F, Richard J, Yang D, Smith AB, Pazgier M, Côté M, Abrams C, Kumar P, Mothes W, Uchil PD, Finzi A, Baron C. VE607 stabilizes SARS-CoV-2 Spike in the "RBD-up" conformation and inhibits viral entry. iScience 2022; 25:104528. [PMID: 35677392 PMCID: PMC9164512 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection of host cells starts by binding the Spike glycoprotein (S) to the ACE2 receptor. The S-ACE2 interaction is a potential target for therapies against COVID-19 as demonstrated by the development of immunotherapies blocking this interaction. VE607 - a commercially available compound composed of three stereoisomers - was described as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-1. Here, we show that VE607 broadly inhibits pseudoviral particles bearing the Spike from major VOCs (D614G, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Omicron - BA.1, and BA.2) as well as authentic SARS-CoV-2 at low micromolar concentrations. In silico docking, mutational analysis, and smFRET revealed that VE607 binds to the receptor binding domain (RBD)-ACE2 interface and stabilizes RBD in its "up" conformation. Prophylactic treatment with VE607 did not prevent SARS-CoV-2-induced mortality in K18-hACE2 mice, but it did reduce viral replication in the lungs by 37-fold. Thus, VE607 is an interesting lead for drug development for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilei Ding
- Centre de recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Shang Yu Gong
- Centre de recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan R. Grover
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Mohammadjavad Mohammadi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yaozong Chen
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4712, USA
| | - Dani Vézina
- Centre de recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières
- Centre de recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Vijay Tailor Verma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Derek Yang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amos B. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marzena Pazgier
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4712, USA
| | - Marceline Côté
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Cameron Abrams
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Priti Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Walther Mothes
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Pradeep D. Uchil
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada,Corresponding author
| | - Christian Baron
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada,Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Prévost J, Richard J, Gasser R, Medjahed H, Kirchhoff F, Hahn BH, Kappes JC, Ochsenbauer C, Duerr R, Finzi A. Detection of the HIV-1 Accessory Proteins Nef and Vpu by Flow Cytometry Represents a New Tool to Study Their Functional Interplay within a Single Infected CD4 + T Cell. J Virol 2022; 96:e0192921. [PMID: 35080425 PMCID: PMC8941894 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01929-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV-1 Nef and Vpu accessory proteins are known to protect infected cells from antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses by limiting exposure of CD4-induced (CD4i) envelope (Env) epitopes at the cell surface. Although both proteins target the host receptor CD4 for degradation, the extent of their functional redundancy is unknown. Here, we developed an intracellular staining technique that permits the intracellular detection of both Nef and Vpu in primary CD4+ T cells by flow cytometry. Using this method, we show that the combined expression of Nef and Vpu predicts the susceptibility of HIV-1-infected primary CD4+ T cells to ADCC by HIV+ plasma. We also show that Vpu cannot compensate for the absence of Nef, thus providing an explanation for why some infectious molecular clones that carry a LucR reporter gene upstream of Nef render infected cells more susceptible to ADCC responses. Our method thus represents a new tool to dissect the biological activity of Nef and Vpu in the context of other host and viral proteins within single infected CD4+ T cells. IMPORTANCE HIV-1 Nef and Vpu exert several biological functions that are important for viral immune evasion, release, and replication. Here, we developed a new method allowing simultaneous detection of these accessory proteins in their native form together with some of their cellular substrates. This allowed us to show that Vpu cannot compensate for the lack of a functional Nef, which has implications for studies that use Nef-defective viruses to study ADCC responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Romain Gasser
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Beatrice H. Hahn
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John C. Kappes
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Christina Ochsenbauer
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ralf Duerr
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ding S, Gong SY, Grover J, Mohammadi M, Chen Y, Vézina D, Beaudoin-Bussières G, Verma VT, Goyette G, Richard J, Yang D, Smith AB, Pazgier M, Côté M, Abrams C, Mothes W, Finzi A, Baron C. VE607 Stabilizes SARS-CoV-2 Spike In the "RBD-up" Conformation and Inhibits Viral Entry. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2022:2022.02.03.479007. [PMID: 35233570 PMCID: PMC8887069 DOI: 10.1101/2022.02.03.479007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection of host cells starts by binding of the Spike glycoprotein (S) to the ACE2 receptor. The S-ACE2 interaction is a potential target for therapies against COVID-19 as demonstrated by the development of immunotherapies blocking this interaction. Here, we present the commercially available VE607, comprised of three stereoisomers, that was originally described as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-1. We show that VE607 specifically inhibits infection of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 S-expressing pseudoviral particles as well as authentic SARS-CoV-2. VE607 stabilizes the receptor binding domain (RBD) in its "up" conformation. In silico docking and mutational analysis map the VE607 binding site at the RBD-ACE2 interface. The IC 50 values are in the low micromolar range for pseudoparticles derived from SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan/D614G as well as from variants of concern (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron), suggesting that VE607 has potential for the development of drugs against SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Collapse
|
15
|
Boemer F, Josse C, Luis G, Di Valentin E, Thiry J, Cello C, Caberg JH, Dadoumont C, Harvengt J, Lumaka A, Bours V, Debray FG. Novel Loss of Function Variant in BCKDK Causes a Treatable Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042253. [PMID: 35216372 PMCID: PMC8878489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are essential amino acids playing crucial roles in protein synthesis and brain neurotransmission. Branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), the flux-generating step of BCAA catabolism, is tightly regulated by reversible phosphorylation of its E1α-subunit. BCKDK is the kinase responsible for the phosphorylation-mediated inactivation of BCKDH. In three siblings with severe developmental delays, microcephaly, autism spectrum disorder and epileptic encephalopathy, we identified a new homozygous in-frame deletion (c.999_1001delCAC; p.Thr334del) of BCKDK. Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of BCAA were markedly reduced. Hyperactivity of BCKDH and over-consumption of BCAA were demonstrated by functional tests in cells transfected with the mutant BCKDK. Treatment with pharmacological doses of BCAA allowed the restoring of BCAA concentrations and greatly improved seizure control. Behavioral and developmental skills of the patients improved to a lesser extent. Importantly, a retrospective review of the newborn screening results allowed the identification of a strong decrease in BCAA concentrations on dried blood spots, suggesting that BCKDK is a new treatable metabolic disorder probably amenable to newborn screening programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Boemer
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics, CHU of Liege, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (G.L.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-4-366-76-96; Fax: +32-4-366-84-74
| | - Claire Josse
- Department of Medical Oncology, CHU of Liege, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (C.J.); (J.T.)
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée-Recherche (GIGA-R), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium;
| | - Géraldine Luis
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics, CHU of Liege, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (G.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Emmanuel Di Valentin
- Viral Vector Platform, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée-Recherche (GIGA-R), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium;
| | - Jérôme Thiry
- Department of Medical Oncology, CHU of Liege, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (C.J.); (J.T.)
| | - Christophe Cello
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics, CHU of Liege, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (G.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Jean-Hubert Caberg
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics, CHU of Liege, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium;
| | | | - Julie Harvengt
- Center of Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, CHU of Liege, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (J.H.); (V.B.)
| | - Aimé Lumaka
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée-Recherche (GIGA-R), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium;
| | - Vincent Bours
- Center of Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, CHU of Liege, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (J.H.); (V.B.)
| | - François-Guillaume Debray
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Human Genetics, CHU of Liege, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xiang Q, Li L, Wu J, Tian M, Fu Y. Application of pseudovirus system in the development of vaccine, antiviral-drugs, and neutralizing antibodies. Microbiol Res 2022; 258:126993. [PMID: 35240544 PMCID: PMC8848573 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.126993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pseudoviruses are viral particles coated with a heterologous envelope protein, which mediates the entry of pseudoviruses as efficiently as that of the live viruses possessing high pathogenicity and infectivity. Due to the deletion of the envelope protein gene and the absence of pathogenic genes, pseudoviruses have no autonomous replication ability and can infect host cells for only a single cycle. In addition, pseudoviruses have the desired characteristics of high safety, strong operability, and can be easily used to perform rapid throughput detection. Therefore, pseudoviruses are widely employed in the mechanistic investigation of viral infection, the screening and evaluation of monoclonal antibodies and antiviral drugs, and the detection of neutralizing antibody titers in serum after vaccination. In this review, we will discuss the construction of pseudoviruses based on different packaging systems, their current applications especially in the research of SARS-CoV-2, limitations, and further directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xiang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Linhao Li
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Miao Tian
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Fu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gommes CJ, Louis T, Bourgot I, Noël A, Blacher S, Maquoi E. Remodelling of the fibre-aggregate structure of collagen gels by cancer-associated fibroblasts: A time-resolved grey-tone image analysis based on stochastic modelling. Front Immunol 2022; 13:988502. [PMID: 36818478 PMCID: PMC9936192 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.988502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Solid tumors consist of tumor cells associated with stromal and immune cells, secreted factors and extracellular matrix (ECM), which together constitute the tumor microenvironment. Among stromal cells, activated fibroblasts, known as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are of particular interest. CAFs secrete a plethora of ECM components including collagen and modulate the architecture of the ECM, thereby influencing cancer cell migration. The characterization of the collagen fibre network and its space and time-dependent microstructural modifications is key to investigating the interactions between cells and the ECM. Developing image analysis tools for that purpose is still a challenge because the structural complexity of the collagen network calls for specific statistical descriptors. Moreover, the low signal-to-noise ratio of imaging techniques available for time-resolved studies rules out standard methods based on image segmentation. Methods In this work, we develop a novel approach based on the stochastic modelling of the gel structure and on grey-tone image analysis. The method is then used to study the remodelling of a collagen matrix by migrating breast cancer-derived CAFs in a three-dimensional spheroid model of cellular invasion imaged by time-lapse confocal microscopy. Results The structure of the collagen at the scale of a few microns consists in regions with high fibre density separated by depleted regions, which can be thought of as aggregates and pores. The approach developped captures this two-scale structure with a clipped Gaussian field model to describe the aggregates-and-pores large-scale structure, and a homogeneous Boolean model to describe the small-scale fibre network within the aggregates. The model parameters are identified by fitting the grey-tone histograms and correlation functions of the images. The method applies to unprocessed grey-tone images, and it can therefore be used with low magnification, noisy time-lapse reflectance images. When applied to the CAF spheroid time-resolved images, the method reveals different matrix densification mechanisms for the matrix in direct contact or far from the cells. Conclusion We developed a novel and multidisciplinary image analysis approach to investigate the remodelling of fibrillar collagen in a 3D spheroid model of cellular invasion. The specificity of the method is that it applies to the unprocessed grey-tone images, and it can therefore be used with noisy time-lapse reflectance images of non-fluorescent collagen. When applied to the CAF spheroid time-resolved images, the method reveals different matrix densification mechanisms for the matrix in direct contact or far from the cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cedric J Gommes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Thomas Louis
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Bourgot
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Agnès Noël
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Silvia Blacher
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Erik Maquoi
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Prévost J, Medjahed H, Vézina D, Chen HC, Hahn BH, Smith AB, Finzi A. HIV-1 Envelope Glycoproteins Proteolytic Cleavage Protects Infected Cells from ADCC Mediated by Plasma from Infected Individuals. Viruses 2021; 13:2236. [PMID: 34835042 PMCID: PMC8625184 DOI: 10.3390/v13112236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum as a trimeric gp160 precursor, which requires proteolytic cleavage by a cellular furin protease to mediate virus-cell fusion. Env is conformationally flexible but controls its transition from the unbound "closed" conformation (State 1) to downstream CD4-bound conformations (States 2/3), which are required for fusion. In particular, HIV-1 has evolved several mechanisms that reduce the premature "opening" of Env which exposes highly conserved epitopes recognized by non-neutralizing antibodies (nnAbs) capable of mediating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Env cleavage decreases its conformational transitions favoring the adoption of the "closed" conformation. Here we altered the gp160 furin cleavage site to impair Env cleavage and to examine its impact on ADCC responses mediated by plasma from HIV-1-infected individuals. We found that infected primary CD4+ T cells expressing uncleaved, but not wildtype, Env are efficiently recognized by nnAbs and become highly susceptible to ADCC responses mediated by plasma from HIV-1-infected individuals. Thus, HIV-1 limits the exposure of uncleaved Env at the surface of HIV-1-infected cells at least in part to escape ADCC responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (J.P.); (H.M.); (D.V.)
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Halima Medjahed
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (J.P.); (H.M.); (D.V.)
| | - Dani Vézina
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (J.P.); (H.M.); (D.V.)
| | - Hung-Ching Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA; (H.-C.C.); (A.B.S.III)
| | - Beatrice H. Hahn
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6076, USA;
| | - Amos B. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA; (H.-C.C.); (A.B.S.III)
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (J.P.); (H.M.); (D.V.)
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Balancing the CD38 Expression on Effector and Target Cells in Daratumumab-Mediated NK Cell ADCC against Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123072. [PMID: 34203012 PMCID: PMC8234557 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We tracked the cytotoxic potential of NK cells towards multiple myeloma cells in daratumumab-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity assays. These cytotoxicity levels could be directly correlated to the expression of the target antigen (CD38) and to the percentage of fratricide between effector cells. Increasing the expression of CD38 on target cells or neutralizing CD38 on effector cells changed the equilibrium between target and effector cell lysis and promoted multiple myeloma cell death. This study highlights the importance of a balanced CD38 expression on target and effector cells and attempts to alter this balance will affect the susceptibility of MM cells towards daratumumab-mediated cellular toxicity. Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer characterized by the proliferation and accumulation of monoclonal plasma cells in the bone marrow. The monoclonal anti-CD38 daratumumab has taken a central place in the different treatment regimens for newly diagnosed and relapsed, refractory myeloma. In this study, we correlated the NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and potential fratricide induced by daratumumab with CD38-expression levels on both effector and target cells. We show that CD38 expression can be modulated by adding all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or interferon-α to MM cells to further fine-tune these effects. In addition, we observed that ADCC becomes inefficient when fratricide occurs and both ADCC and fratricide depend on the balance between CD38 expression on effector and target cells. However, the addition of adjuvants (retinoic acid or interferon-α) to myeloma cells or the inhibition of fratricide using a CD38-blocking nanobody on NK-cells can reverse this balance towards ADCC and thus promote lysis of target cells by ADCC. ATRA and interferon-α increased the CD38 expression at the surface of MM cells about three-fold and two-fold, respectively. This increase was of interest for MM cells with low CD38 expression, that became susceptible to daratumumab-mediated ADCC after preincubation. A CD38-blocking nanobody prevented the binding of daratumumab to these NK-cells and blunted the fratricidal effect on effector NK cells. In conclusion, our study highlights the importance of a balanced CD38 expression on target and effector cells and attempts to alter this balance will affect the susceptibility of MM cells towards daratumumab-mediated ADCC.
Collapse
|
20
|
Azarkan M, Maquoi E, Delbrassine F, Herman R, M'Rabet N, Calvo Esposito R, Charlier P, Kerff F. Structures of the free and inhibitors-bound forms of bromelain and ananain from Ananas comosus stem and in vitro study of their cytotoxicity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19570. [PMID: 33177555 PMCID: PMC7658999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ananas comosus stem extract is a complex mixture containing various cysteine proteases of the C1A subfamily, such as bromelain and ananain. This mixture used for centuries in Chinese medicine, has several potential therapeutic applications as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and ecchymosis degradation agent. In the present work we determined the structures of bromelain and ananain, both in their free forms and in complex with the inhibitors E64 and TLCK. These structures combined with protease-substrate complexes modeling clearly identified the Glu68 as responsible for the high discrimination of bromelain in favor of substrates with positively charged residues at P2, and unveil the reasons for its weak inhibition by cystatins and E64. Our results with purified and fully active bromelain, ananain and papain show a strong reduction of cell proliferation with MDA-MB231 and A2058 cancer cell lines at a concentration of about 1 μM, control experiments clearly emphasizing the need for proteolytic activity. In contrast, while bromelain and ananain had a strong effect on the proliferation of the OCI-LY19 and HL-60 non-adherent cell lines, papain, the archetypal member of the C1A subfamily, had none. This indicates that, in this case, sequence/structure identity beyond the active site of bromelain and ananain is more important than substrate specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Azarkan
- Laboratoire de Chimie Générale (Unité de Chimie Des Protéines), Faculté de Médecine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme (CP 609), 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Erik Maquoi
- Laboratoire de Biologie Des Tumeurs Et du Développement, GIGA-Cancer, Université de Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - François Delbrassine
- UR InBioS, Centre D'Ingénierie Des Protéines, Université de Liège, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Raphael Herman
- UR InBioS, Centre D'Ingénierie Des Protéines, Université de Liège, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nasiha M'Rabet
- Laboratoire de Chimie Générale (Unité de Chimie Des Protéines), Faculté de Médecine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme (CP 609), 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Rafaèle Calvo Esposito
- Laboratoire de Chimie Générale (Unité de Chimie Des Protéines), Faculté de Médecine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme (CP 609), 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Paulette Charlier
- UR InBioS, Centre D'Ingénierie Des Protéines, Université de Liège, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Kerff
- UR InBioS, Centre D'Ingénierie Des Protéines, Université de Liège, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bellier J, Nokin MJ, Caprasse M, Tiamiou A, Blomme A, Scheijen JL, Koopmansch B, MacKay GM, Chiavarina B, Costanza B, Rademaker G, Durieux F, Agirman F, Maloujahmoum N, Cusumano PG, Lovinfosse P, Leung HY, Lambert F, Bours V, Schalkwijk CG, Hustinx R, Peulen O, Castronovo V, Bellahcène A. Methylglyoxal Scavengers Resensitize KRAS-Mutated Colorectal Tumors to Cetuximab. Cell Rep 2020; 30:1400-1416.e6. [PMID: 32023458 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of cetuximab anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) antibodies has opened the era of targeted and personalized therapy in colorectal cancer (CRC). Poor response rates have been unequivocally shown in mutant KRAS and are even observed in a majority of wild-type KRAS tumors. Therefore, patient selection based on mutational profiling remains problematic. We previously identified methylglyoxal (MGO), a by-product of glycolysis, as a metabolite promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Mutant KRAS cells under MGO stress show AKT-dependent survival when compared with wild-type KRAS isogenic CRC cells. MGO induces AKT activation through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin 2 (mTORC2) and Hsp27 regulation. Importantly, the sole induction of MGO stress in sensitive wild-type KRAS cells renders them resistant to cetuximab. MGO scavengers inhibit AKT and resensitize KRAS-mutated CRC cells to cetuximab in vivo. This study establishes a link between MGO and AKT activation and pinpoints this oncometabolite as a potential target to tackle EGFR-targeted therapy resistance in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justine Bellier
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie-Julie Nokin
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Maurine Caprasse
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Assia Tiamiou
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Blomme
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jean L Scheijen
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Barbara Chiavarina
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Brunella Costanza
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gilles Rademaker
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Florence Durieux
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Ferman Agirman
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Naïma Maloujahmoum
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pino G Cusumano
- Department of Senology, Liège University Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Lovinfosse
- Oncology Imaging Division, Liège University Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Hing Y Leung
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Frédéric Lambert
- Department of Human Genetics, Liège University Hospital, Liege, Belgium
| | - Vincent Bours
- Department of Human Genetics, Liège University Hospital, Liege, Belgium
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Roland Hustinx
- Oncology Imaging Division, Liège University Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Peulen
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Vincent Castronovo
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Akeila Bellahcène
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wu J, Rowart P, Jouret F, Gassaway BM, Rajendran V, Rinehart J, Caplan MJ. Mechanisms involved in AMPK-mediated deposition of tight junction components to the plasma membrane. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C486-C501. [PMID: 31913699 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00422.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation promotes early stages of epithelial junction assembly. AMPK activation in MDCK renal epithelial cells facilitates localization of the junction-associated proteins aPKCζ and Par3 to the plasma membrane and promotes conversion of Cdc42, a key regulator of epithelial polarization and junction assembly, to its active GTP bound state. Furthermore, Par3 is an important regulator of AMPK-mediated aPKCζ localization. Both aPKCζ and Par3 serve as intermediates in AMPK-mediated junction assembly, with inhibition of aPKCζ activity or Par3 knockdown disrupting AMPK's ability to facilitate zonula occludens (ZO-1) localization. AMPK phosphorylates the adherens junction protein afadin and regulates its interaction with the tight-junction protein zonula occludens-1. Afadin is phosphorylated at two critical sites, S228 (residing within an aPKCζ consensus site) and S1102 (residing within an AMPK consensus site), that are differentially regulated during junction assembly and that exert different effects on the process. Expression of phospho-defective mutants (S228A and S1102A) perturbed ZO-1 localization to the plasma membrane during AMPK-induced junction assembly. Expression of S228A increased the ZO-1/afadin interaction, while S1102A reduced this interaction during extracellular calcium-induced junction assembly. Inhibition of aPKCζ activity also increased the ZO-1/afadin interaction. Taken together, these data suggest that aPKCζ phosphorylation of afadin terminates the ZO-1/afadin interaction and thus permits the later stages of junction assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingshing Wu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Pascal Rowart
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée, Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Francois Jouret
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée, Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Brandon M Gassaway
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Vanathy Rajendran
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jesse Rinehart
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Michael J Caplan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dephosphorylation of HDAC4 by PP2A-Bδ unravels a new role for the HDAC4/MEF2 axis in myoblast fusion. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:512. [PMID: 31273193 PMCID: PMC6609635 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Muscle formation is controlled by a number of key myogenic transcriptional regulators that govern stage-specific gene expression programs and act as terminal effectors of intracellular signaling pathways. To date, the role of phosphatases in the signaling cascades instructing muscle development remains poorly understood. Here, we show that a specific PP2A-B55δ holoenzyme is necessary for skeletal myogenesis. The primary role of PP2A-B55δ is to dephosphorylate histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) following myocyte differentiation and ensure repression of Myocyte enhancer factor 2D (MEF2D)-dependent gene expression programs during myogenic fusion. As a crucial HDAC4/MEF2D target gene that governs myocyte fusion, we identify ArgBP2, an upstream inhibitor of Abl, which itself is a repressor of CrkII signaling. Consequently, cells lacking PP2A-B55δ show upregulation of ArgBP2 and hyperactivation of CrkII downstream effectors, including Rac1 and FAK, precluding cytoskeletal and membrane rearrangements associated with myoblast fusion. Both in vitro and in zebrafish, loss-of-function of PP2A-B55δ severely impairs fusion of myocytes and formation of multinucleated muscle fibers, without affecting myoblast differentiation. Taken together, our results establish PP2A-B55δ as the first protein phosphatase to be involved in myoblast fusion and suggest that reversible phosphorylation of HDAC4 may coordinate differentiation and fusion events during myogenesis.
Collapse
|
24
|
Deroyer C, Charlier E, Neuville S, Malaise O, Gillet P, Kurth W, Chariot A, Malaise M, de Seny D. CEMIP (KIAA1199) induces a fibrosis-like process in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:103. [PMID: 30718510 PMCID: PMC6362103 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1377-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CEMIP (for "Cell migration-inducing protein" also called KIAA1199 and Hybid for "Hyaluronan-binding protein") expression is increased in cancers and described as a regulator of cell survival, growth and invasion. In rheumatoid arthritis, CEMIP is referred to as an angiogenic marker and participates in hyaluronic acid degradation. In this study, CEMIP expression is investigated in healthy and osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage from human and mouse. Its role in OA physiopathology is deciphered, specifically in chondrocytes proliferation and dedifferentiation and in the extracellular matrix remodeling. To this end, CEMIP, αSMA and types I and III collagen expressions were assessed in human OA and non-OA cartilage. CEMIP expression was also investigated in a mouse OA model. CEMIP expression was studied in vitro using a chondrocyte dedifferentiation model. High-throughput RNA sequencing was performed on chondrocytes after CEMIP silencing. Results showed that CEMIP was overexpressed in human and murine OA cartilage and along chondrocytes dedifferentiation. Most of genes deregulated in CEMIP-depleted cells were involved in cartilage turnover (e.g., collagens), mesenchymal transition and fibrosis. CEMIP regulated β-catenin protein level. Moreover, CEMIP was essential for chondrocytes proliferation and promoted αSMA expression, a fibrosis marker, and TGFβ signaling towards the p-Smad2/3 (Alk5/PAI-1) pathway. Interestingly, CEMIP was induced by the pSmad1/5 (Alk1) pathway. αSMA and type III collagen expressions were overexpressed in human OA cartilage and along chondrocytes dedifferentiation. Finally, CEMIP was co-expressed in situ with αSMA in all OA cartilage layers. In conclusion, CEMIP was sharply overexpressed in human and mouse OA cartilage and along chondrocytes dedifferentiation. CEMIP-regulated transdifferentiation of chondrocytes into "chondro-myo-fibroblasts" expressing α-SMA and type III collagen, two fibrosis markers. Moreover, these "chondro-myo-fibroblasts" were found in OA cartilage but not in healthy cartilage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Deroyer
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA I3, CHU de Liege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.
| | - Edith Charlier
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA I3, CHU de Liege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Sophie Neuville
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA I3, CHU de Liege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Olivier Malaise
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA I3, CHU de Liege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | | | | | - Alain Chariot
- Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, GIGA Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Liege, Belgium
| | - Michel Malaise
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA I3, CHU de Liege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Dominique de Seny
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA I3, CHU de Liege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Serum starvation raises turnover of phosphorylated p62/SQSTM1 (Serine 349), reveals expression of proteasome and N-glycanase1 interactive protein RAD23B and sensitizes human synovial fibroblasts to BAY 11-7085-induced cell death. Oncotarget 2018; 9:35830-35843. [PMID: 30533198 PMCID: PMC6254681 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of p62/SQSTM1 (p62) on Serine 349 (P-Ser349 p62) as well as proteasome dysfunction have been shown to activate the cell protective Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. We showed previously that BAY 11-7085-induced human synovial fibroblast cell death includes autophagy and p62 downregulation. In this work, we have studied expression of P-Ser349 p62 in human synovial fibroblasts. Results showed that P-Ser349 p62 was not detected in synovial cell extracts unless cells were cultured in the presence of proteasome inhibitor (MG132). MG132 revealed P-Ser349 p62 turnover, that was further increased by concomitant autophagy inhibition and markedly enhanced in serum starved cells. Starvation sensitized synovial fibroblasts to BAY 11-7085 while MG132 protected both non-starved and starved cells from BAY 11-7085-induced cell death. Lentivirus mediated overexpression of phosphorylation-mimetic p62 mutant S349E markedly protected synovial fibroblasts from BAY 11-7085. Inhibitor of Keap1-P-S349 p62 interaction, K67, had synergistic effect with MG132. Starvation increased p62 molecular weight, that was reversed by serum and bovine serum albumin re-feeding. Furthermore, starvation markedly induced RAD23B. Increased endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (ENGase) turnover was detected in starved synovial fibroblasts. PNGase F treatment produced faster migration p62 form in human synovial tissue extracts but starvation-like p62 form of higher molecular weight in synovial cell extracts. Co-transfection of NGLY1, with p62 or p62 mutants S349A and S349E markedly stabilized p62 expressions in HEK293 cells. Tunicamycin upregulated p62 and protected synovial fibroblasts from BAY 11-7085-induced cell death. These results showed that P-Ser349 p62 has pro-survival role in human synovial fibroblasts and that de-glycosylation events are involved in p62 turnover.
Collapse
|
26
|
Nieto-Garai JA, Glass B, Bunn C, Giese M, Jennings G, Brankatschk B, Agarwal S, Börner K, Contreras FX, Knölker HJ, Zankl C, Simons K, Schroeder C, Lorizate M, Kräusslich HG. Lipidomimetic Compounds Act as HIV-1 Entry Inhibitors by Altering Viral Membrane Structure. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1983. [PMID: 30233582 PMCID: PMC6131562 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The envelope of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) consists of a liquid-ordered membrane enriched in raft lipids and containing the viral glycoproteins. Previous studies demonstrated that changes in viral membrane lipid composition affecting membrane structure or curvature can impair infectivity. Here, we describe novel antiviral compounds that were identified by screening compound libraries based on raft lipid-like scaffolds. Three distinct molecular structures were chosen for mode-of-action studies, a sterol derivative (J391B), a sphingosine derivative (J582C) and a long aliphatic chain derivative (IBS70). All three target the viral membrane and inhibit virus infectivity at the stage of fusion without perturbing virus stability or affecting virion-associated envelope glycoproteins. Their effect did not depend on the expressed envelope glycoproteins or a specific entry route, being equally strong in HIV pseudotypes carrying VSV-G or MLV-Env glycoproteins. Labeling with laurdan, a reporter of membrane order, revealed different membrane structure alterations upon compound treatment of HIV-1, which correlated with loss of infectivity. J582C and IBS70 decreased membrane order in distinctive ways, whereas J391B increased membrane order. The compounds' effects on membrane order were reproduced in liposomes generated from extracted HIV lipids and thus independent both of virion proteins and of membrane leaflet asymmetry. Remarkably, increase of membrane order by J391B required phosphatidylserine, a lipid enriched in the HIV envelope. Counterintuitively, mixtures of two compounds with opposite effects on membrane order, J582C and J391B, did not neutralize each other but synergistically inhibited HIV infection. Thus, altering membrane order, which can occur by different mechanisms, constitutes a novel antiviral mode of action that may be of general relevance for enveloped viruses and difficult to overcome by resistance development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Ander Nieto-Garai
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Universidad del País Vasco, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Bärbel Glass
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Beate Brankatschk
- JADO Technologies, Dresden, Germany.,Membrane Biochemistry Group, Paul-Langerhans-Institute Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sameer Agarwal
- JADO Technologies, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kathleen Börner
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Xabier Contreras
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Universidad del País Vasco, Bilbao, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- JADO Technologies, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Zankl
- JADO Technologies, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kai Simons
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cornelia Schroeder
- JADO Technologies, Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl-Gustav-Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maier Lorizate
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Universidad del País Vasco, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Hans-Georg Kräusslich
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Meier K, Jaguva Vasudevan AA, Zhang Z, Bähr A, Kochs G, Häussinger D, Münk C. Equine MX2 is a restriction factor of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). Virology 2018; 523:52-63. [PMID: 30081309 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Human myxovirus resistance protein B (hMXB) is a restriction factor of HIV-1 that also inhibits a variety of retroviruses. However, hMXB is not antiviral against equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). We show here that equine MX2 (eMX2) potently restricts EIAV in vitro. Additionally, eMX2 inhibits HIV-1 and other lentiviruses, including murine leukemia virus. Previously, it was reported that hMXB repression is reduced in hMXB Δ1-25, but not in GTP-binding mutant K131A and GTP-hydrolysis mutant T151A. In contrast to this phenomenon, our study indicates that eMX2 restriction is not diminished in eMX2 Δ1-25, but is in eMX2 K127A and T147A, which correspond to hMXB K131A and T151A, respectively. Thus, eMX2 may inhibit retroviral replication by a novel mechanism that differs from that of hMXB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Meier
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ananda Ayyappan Jaguva Vasudevan
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Zeli Zhang
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ariane Bähr
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Georg Kochs
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Herman-Herder-Str. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carsten Münk
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yuan W, Chen J, Cao Y, Yang L, Shen L, Bian Q, Bin S, Li P, Cao J, Fang H, Gu H, Li H. Comparative analysis and optimization of protocols for producing recombinant lentivirus carrying the anti-Her2 chimeric antigen receptor gene. J Gene Med 2018; 20:e3027. [PMID: 29851200 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The production of anti-Her2 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells needs to be optimized to make it a reliable therapy. METHODS Three types of lentiviral vectors expressing anti-Her2 CAR together with packaging plasmids were co-transfected into 293 T-17 cells. The vector with the best packaging efficiency was selected, and the packaging cell culture system and packaging plasmid system were optimized. Centrifugation speed was optimized for the concentration of lentivirus stock. The various purification methods used included membrane filtration, centrifugation with a sucrose cushion and the novelly-designed instantaneous high-speed centrifugation. The recombinant lentiviruses were transduced into human peripheral T cells with an optimized multiplicity of infection (MOI). CAR expression levels by three vectors and the efficacy of CAR-T cells were compared. RESULTS When co-transfected, packaging cells in suspension were better than the commonly used adherent culture condition, with the packaging system psPAX2/pMD2.G being better than pCMV-dR8.91/pVSV-G. The optimal centrifugation speed for concentration was 20 000 g, rather than the generally used ultra-speed. Importantly, adding instantaneous centrifugation for purification significantly increased human peripheral T cell viability (from 13.25% to 62.80%), which is a technical breakthrough for CAR-T cell preparation. The best MOI value for transducing human peripheral T cells was 40. pLVX-EF1a-CAR-IRES-ZsGreen1 expressed the highest level of CAR in human peripheral T cells and the cytotoxicity of CAR-T cells reached 63.56%. CONCLUSIONS We optimized the preparation of recombinant lentivirus that can express third-generation anti-Her2 CAR in T cells, which should lay the foundation for improving the efficacy of CAR-T cells with respect to killing target cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingcong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luxi Shen
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Bian
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shufang Bin
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Panyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiawei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hezhi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haihua Gu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongzhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
IL-2 Inducible Kinase ITK is Critical for HIV-1 Infection of Jurkat T-cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3217. [PMID: 29453458 PMCID: PMC5816632 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21344-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful replication of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 depends on the expression of various cellular host factors, such as the interleukin-2 inducible T-cell kinase (ITK), a member of the protein family of TEC-tyrosine kinases. ITK is selectively expressed in T-cells and coordinates signaling pathways downstream of the T-cell receptor and chemokine receptors, including PLC-1 activation, Ca2+-release, transcription factor mobilization, and actin rearrangements. The exact role of ITK during HIV-1 infection is still unknown. We analyzed the function of ITK during HIV-1 replication and showed that attachment, fusion of virions with the cell membrane and entry into Jurkat T-cells was inhibited when ITK was knocked down. In contrast, reverse transcription and provirus expression were not affected by ITK deficiency. Inhibited ITK expression did not affect the CXCR4 receptor on the cell surface, whereas CD4 and LFA-1 integrin levels were slightly enhanced in ITK knockdown cells and heparan sulfate (HS) expression was completely abolished in ITK depleted T-cells. However, neither HS expression nor other attachment factors could explain the impaired HIV-1 binding to ITK-deficient cells, which suggests that a more complex cellular process is influenced by ITK or that not yet discovered molecules contribute to restriction of HIV-1 binding and entry.
Collapse
|
30
|
Melanoma antigen-D2 controls cell cycle progression and modulates the DNA damage response. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 153:217-229. [PMID: 29371029 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of the ubiquitous type II melanoma antigen-D2 (MAGED2) in numerous types of cancer suggests that this protein contributes to carcinogenesis, a well-documented characteristic of other MAGE proteins. Modification of MAGED2 intracellular localization during cell cycle phases and following treatment with camptothecin (CPT) and phosphorylation by ATM/ATR following ionizing irradiation led us to investigate the molecular functions of MAGED2 in the cellular response to DNA damage. Cell cycle regulators, cell cycle progression, and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation were compared between MAGED2-sufficient and -depleted U2OS cells following exposure to CPT. At 24 h post-CPT removal, MAGED2-depleted cells had lower levels of p21 and p27, and there was an increase in S phase BrdU-positive cells with a concurrent decrease in cells in G2. These cell cycle modifications were p21-independent, but ATR-, SKP2-, and CDC20-dependent. Importantly, while MAGED2 depletion reduced CHK2 phosphorylation after 8 h of CPT treatment, it enhanced and prolonged CHK1 phosphorylation after a 24 h recovery period, indicating sustained ATR activation. MAGED2 depletion had no impact on cell survival under our experimental conditions. In summary, our data indicate that MAGED2 reduced CPT-related replicative stress, suggesting a role for this protein in genomic stability.
Collapse
|
31
|
Fettweis G, Di Valentin E, L'homme L, Lassence C, Dequiedt F, Fillet M, Coupienne I, Piette J. RIP3 antagonizes a TSC2-mediated pro-survival pathway in glioblastoma cell death. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:113-124. [PMID: 27984090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas are the deadliest type of brain cancer and are frequently associated with poor prognosis and a high degree of recurrence despite removal by surgical resection and treatment by chemo- and radio-therapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment well known to induce mainly necrotic and apoptotic cell death in solid tumors. 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-based PDT was recently shown to sensitize human glioblastoma cells (LN-18) to a RIP3 (Receptor Interacting Protein 3)-dependent cell death which is counter-acted by activation of autophagy. These promising results led us to investigate the pathways involved in cell death and survival mechanisms occurring in glioblastoma following PDT. In the present study, we describe a new TSC2 (Tuberous Sclerosis 2)-dependent survival pathway implicating MK2 (MAPKAPK2) kinase and 14-3-3 proteins which conducts to the activation of a pro-survival autophagy. Moreover, we characterized a new RIP3/TSC2 complex where RIP3 is suggested to promote cell death by targeting TSC2-dependent survival pathway. These results highlight (i) a new role of TSC2 to protect glioblastoma against PDT-induced cell death and (ii) TSC2 and 14-3-3 as new RIP3 partners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Fettweis
- Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, GIGA-I(3), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Laurent L'homme
- Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, GIGA-I(3), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Cédric Lassence
- Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, GIGA-I(3), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Franck Dequiedt
- Laboratory of Protein Signaling and Interactions, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marianne Fillet
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines (LAM), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Coupienne
- Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, GIGA-I(3), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jacques Piette
- Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, GIGA-I(3), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Nokin MJ, Durieux F, Peixoto P, Chiavarina B, Peulen O, Blomme A, Turtoi A, Costanza B, Smargiasso N, Baiwir D, Scheijen JL, Schalkwijk CG, Leenders J, De Tullio P, Bianchi E, Thiry M, Uchida K, Spiegel DA, Cochrane JR, Hutton CA, De Pauw E, Delvenne P, Belpomme D, Castronovo V, Bellahcène A. Methylglyoxal, a glycolysis side-product, induces Hsp90 glycation and YAP-mediated tumor growth and metastasis. eLife 2016; 5:e19375. [PMID: 27759563 PMCID: PMC5081250 DOI: 10.7554/elife.19375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming toward aerobic glycolysis unavoidably induces methylglyoxal (MG) formation in cancer cells. MG mediates the glycation of proteins to form advanced glycation end products (AGEs). We have recently demonstrated that MG-induced AGEs are a common feature of breast cancer. Little is known regarding the impact of MG-mediated carbonyl stress on tumor progression. Breast tumors with MG stress presented with high nuclear YAP, a key transcriptional co-activator regulating tumor growth and invasion. Elevated MG levels resulted in sustained YAP nuclear localization/activity that could be reverted using Carnosine, a scavenger for MG. MG treatment affected Hsp90 chaperone activity and decreased its binding to LATS1, a key kinase of the Hippo pathway. Cancer cells with high MG stress showed enhanced growth and metastatic potential in vivo. These findings reinforce the cumulative evidence pointing to hyperglycemia as a risk factor for cancer incidence and bring renewed interest in MG scavengers for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Julie Nokin
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Florence Durieux
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Paul Peixoto
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Barbara Chiavarina
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Peulen
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Blomme
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Andrei Turtoi
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Brunella Costanza
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Smargiasso
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-Systems Biology and Chemical Biology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Jean L Scheijen
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Justine Leenders
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry - CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pascal De Tullio
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry - CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Elettra Bianchi
- Department of Pathology, CHU, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Thiry
- Laboratory of Cellular and Tissular Biology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Koji Uchida
- Laboratory of Food and Biodynamics, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, University of Nagoya, Nagoya, Japan
| | - David A Spiegel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, United States
| | - James R Cochrane
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Craig A Hutton
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-Systems Biology and Chemical Biology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | | | - Vincent Castronovo
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Akeila Bellahcène
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-CANCER, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Serrao E, Cherepanov P, Engelman AN. Amplification, Next-generation Sequencing, and Genomic DNA Mapping of Retroviral Integration Sites. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27023428 DOI: 10.3791/53840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Retroviruses exhibit signature integration preferences on both the local and global scales. Here, we present a detailed protocol for (1) generation of diverse libraries of retroviral integration sites using ligation-mediated PCR (LM-PCR) amplification and next-generation sequencing (NGS), (2) mapping the genomic location of each virus-host junction using BEDTools, and (3) analyzing the data for statistical relevance. Genomic DNA extracted from infected cells is fragmented by digestion with restriction enzymes or by sonication. After suitable DNA end-repair, double-stranded linkers are ligated onto the DNA ends, and semi-nested PCR is conducted using primers complementary to both the long terminal repeat (LTR) end of the virus and the ligated linker DNA. The PCR primers carry sequences required for DNA clustering during NGS, negating the requirement for separate adapter ligation. Quality control (QC) is conducted to assess DNA fragment size distribution and adapter DNA incorporation prior to NGS. Sequence output files are filtered for LTR-containing reads, and the sequences defining the LTR and the linker are cropped away. Trimmed host cell sequences are mapped to a reference genome using BLAT and are filtered for minimally 97% identity to a unique point in the reference genome. Unique integration sites are scrutinized for adjacent nucleotide (nt) sequence and distribution relative to various genomic features. Using this protocol, integration site libraries of high complexity can be constructed from genomic DNA in three days. The entire protocol that encompasses exogenous viral infection of susceptible tissue culture cells to integration site analysis can therefore be conducted in approximately one to two weeks. Recent applications of this technology pertain to longitudinal analysis of integration sites from HIV-infected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Serrao
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | | | - Alan N Engelman
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute;
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
HDAC7 inhibition resets STAT3 tumorigenic activity in human glioblastoma independently of EGFR and PTEN: new opportunities for selected targeted therapies. Oncogene 2016; 35:4481-94. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
35
|
Bähr A, Singer A, Hain A, Vasudevan AAJ, Schilling M, Reh J, Riess M, Panitz S, Serrano V, Schweizer M, König R, Chanda S, Häussinger D, Kochs G, Lindemann D, Münk C. Interferon but not MxB inhibits foamy retroviruses. Virology 2016; 488:51-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
36
|
Kantor B, McCown T, Leone P, Gray SJ. Clinical applications involving CNS gene transfer. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2015; 87:71-124. [PMID: 25311921 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800149-3.00002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) have traditionally been the most difficult to treat by traditional pharmacological methods, due mostly to the blood-brain barrier and the difficulties associated with repeated drug administration targeting the CNS. Viral vector gene transfer represents a way to permanently provide a therapeutic protein within the nervous system after a single administration, whether this be a gene replacement strategy for an inherited disorder or a disease-modifying protein for a disease such as Parkinson's. Gene therapy approaches for CNS disorders has evolved considerably over the last two decades. Although a breakthrough treatment has remained elusive, current strategies are now considerably safer and potentially much more effective. This chapter will explore the past, current, and future status of CNS gene therapy, focusing on clinical trials utilizing adeno-associated virus and lentiviral vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Kantor
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Thomas McCown
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Paola Leone
- Department of Cell Biology, Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Steven J Gray
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Keswani RK, Lazebnik M, Pack DW. Intracellular trafficking of hybrid gene delivery vectors. J Control Release 2015; 207:120-30. [PMID: 25883029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Viral and non-viral gene delivery vectors are in development for human gene therapy, but both exhibit disadvantages such as inadequate efficiency, lack of cell-specific targeting or safety concerns. We have recently reported the design of hybrid delivery vectors combining retrovirus-like particles with synthetic polymers or lipids that are efficient, provide sustained gene expression and are more stable compared to native retroviruses. To guide further development of this promising class of gene delivery vectors, we have investigated their mechanisms of intracellular trafficking. Moloney murine leukemia virus-like particles (M-VLPs) were complexed with chitosan (Chi) or liposomes (Lip) comprising DOTAP, DOPE and cholesterol to form the hybrid vectors (Chi/M-VLPs and Lip/M-VLPs, respectively). Transfection efficiency and cellular internalization of the vectors were quantified in the presence of a panel of inhibitors of various endocytic pathways. Intracellular transport and trafficking kinetics of the hybrid vectors were dependent on the synthetic component and used a combination of clathrin- and caveolar-dependent endocytosis and macropinocytosis. Chi/M-VLPs were slower to transfect compared to Lip/M-VLPs due to the delayed detachment of the synthetic component. The synthetic component of hybrid gene delivery vectors plays a significant role in their cellular interactions and processing and is a key parameter for the design of more efficient gene delivery vehicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul K Keswani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Mihael Lazebnik
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Daniel W Pack
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Doi K, Takeuchi Y. [Gene therapy using retrovirus vectors: vector development and biosafety at clinical trials]. Uirusu 2015; 65:27-36. [PMID: 26923955 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.65.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Retrovirus vectors (gammaretroviral and lentiviral vectors) have been considered as promising tools to transfer therapeutic genes into patient cells because they can permanently integrate into host cellular genome. To treat monogenic, inherited diseases, retroviral vectors have been used to add correct genes into patient cells. Conventional gammaretroviral vectors achieved successful results in clinical trials: treated patients had therapeutic gene expression in target cells and had improved symptoms of diseases. However, serious side-effects of leukemia occurred, caused by retroviral insertional mutagenesis (IM). These incidences stressed the importance of monitoring vector integration sites in patient cells as well as of re-consideration on safer vectors. More recently lentiviral vectors which can deliver genes into non-dividing cells started to be used in clinical trials including neurological disorders, showing their efficacy. Vector integration site analysis revealed that lentiviruses integrate less likely to near promoter regions of oncogenes than gammaretroviruses and no adverse events have been reported in lentiviral vector-mediated gene therapy clinical trials. Therefore lentiviral vectors have promises to be applied to a wide range of common diseases in near future. For example, T cells from cancer patients were transduced to express chimeric T cell receptors recognizing their tumour cells enhancing patients' anti-cancer immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Knayo Doi
- MRC/UCL Centre for Medical Molecular Virology and Wohl Virion Centre, Division of infection and Immunity, University College London
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
|
40
|
Pseudotyped murine leukemia virus for schistosome transgenesis: approaches, methods and perspectives. Transgenic Res 2014; 23:539-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s11248-013-9779-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
41
|
Kantor B, Bailey RM, Wimberly K, Kalburgi SN, Gray SJ. Methods for gene transfer to the central nervous system. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2014; 87:125-97. [PMID: 25311922 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800149-3.00003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gene transfer is an increasingly utilized approach for research and clinical applications involving the central nervous system (CNS). Vectors for gene transfer can be as simple as an unmodified plasmid, but more commonly involve complex modifications to viruses to make them suitable gene delivery vehicles. This chapter will explain how tools for CNS gene transfer have been derived from naturally occurring viruses. The current capabilities of plasmid, retroviral, adeno-associated virus, adenovirus, and herpes simplex virus vectors for CNS gene delivery will be described. These include both focal and global CNS gene transfer strategies, with short- or long-term gene expression. As is described in this chapter, an important aspect of any vector is the cis-acting regulatory elements incorporated into the vector genome that control when, where, and how the transgene is expressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Kantor
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Rachel M Bailey
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Keon Wimberly
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sahana N Kalburgi
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Steven J Gray
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
White R, Chenciner N, Bonello G, Salas M, Blancou P, Gauduin MC. Epithelial stem cells as mucosal antigen-delivering cells: A novel AIDS vaccine approach. Vaccine 2013; 33:6914-21. [PMID: 24286835 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A key obstacle limiting development of an effective AIDS vaccine is the inability to deliver antigen for a sufficient period of time resulting in weak and transient protection. HIV transmission occurs predominantly across mucosal surfaces; therefore, an ideal vaccine strategy would be to target HIV at mucosal entry sites to prevent infection. Such a novel strategy relies on the activation of mucosal immune response via presentation of viral antigens by the mucosal epithelial cells. The use of a terminally differentiated epithelial cell promoter to drive expression of antigens leading to viral protein production in the upper layers of the epithelium is central to the success of this approach. Our results show that when administered intradermally to mice, a GFP-reporter gene under the transcriptional control of the involucrin promoter is expressed in the upper layers of the epidermis and, although transduced cells were very low in number, high and sustained anti-GFP antibody production is observed in vivo. A subsequent experiment investigates the effectiveness of GFP-tagged replication-competent SIVdeltaNef and GFP-tagged replication-deficient SIVdeltaVifdeltaNef constructs under the transcriptional control of the involucrin promoter. Optimal conditions for production of pseudotyped VSV-G viral particles destined to transduce basal epithelial stem cells at the mucosal sites of entry of SIV in our animal model were determined. Altogether, the data demonstrate the feasibility of an epithelium-based vaccine containing involucrin-driven viral antigen encoding sequences that integrate into epithelial stem cells and show long-term expression in the upper layer of the epithelium even after multiple cycle of epithelia renewal. Such epithelium-based vaccine should elicit a long-term immunity against HIV/SIV infection at the site of entry of the virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert White
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Virology and Immunology, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Nicole Chenciner
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Rétrovirologie Moléculaire, CNRS URA 3015, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Gregory Bonello
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Virology and Immunology, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Mary Salas
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Virology and Immunology, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Philippe Blancou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Marie-Claire Gauduin
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Virology and Immunology, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Noncovalently associated cell-penetrating peptides for gene delivery applications. Ther Deliv 2013; 4:741-57. [PMID: 23738670 DOI: 10.4155/tde.13.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of various cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) to deliver genetic material for gene therapy applications has been a topic of interest for more than 20 years. The delivery of genetic material by using CPPs can be divided into two categories: covalently bound and electrostatically bound. Complexity of the synthesis procedure can be a significant barrier to translation when using a strategy requiring covalent binding of CPPs. In contrast, electrostatically complexing CPPs with genetic material or with a viral vector is relatively simple and has been demonstrated to improve gene delivery in both in vitro and in vivo studies. This review highlights gene therapy applications of complexes formed noncovalently between CPPs and genetic material or viruses.
Collapse
|
44
|
Schambach A, Zychlinski D, Ehrnstroem B, Baum C. Biosafety features of lentiviral vectors. Hum Gene Ther 2013; 24:132-42. [PMID: 23311447 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2012.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, lentiviral vectors have evolved as a benchmark tool for stable gene transfer into cells with a high replicative potential. Their relatively flexible genome and ability to transduce many forms of nondividing cells, combined with the potential for cell-specific pseudotyping, provides a rich resource for numerous applications in experimental platforms and therapeutic settings. Here, we give an overview of important biosafety features of lentiviral vectors, with detailed discussion of (i) the principles of the lentiviral split-genome design used for the construction of packaging cells; (ii) the relevance of modifications introduced into the lentiviral long terminal repeat (deletion of enhancer/promoter sequences and introduction of insulators); (iii) the basic features of mRNA processing, including the Rev/Rev-responsive element (RRE) interaction and the modifications of the 3' untranslated region of lentiviral vectors with various post-transcriptional regulatory elements affecting transcriptional termination, polyadenylation, and differentiation-specific degradation of mRNA; and (iv) the characteristic integration pattern with the associated risk of transcriptional interference with cellular genes. We conclude with considerations regarding the importance of cell targeting via envelope modifications. Along this course, we address canonical biosafety issues encountered with any type of viral vector: the risks of shedding, mobilization, germline transmission, immunogenicity, and insertional mutagenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Nielsen TT, Nielsen JE. Antisense gene silencing: therapy for neurodegenerative disorders? Genes (Basel) 2013; 4:457-84. [PMID: 24705213 PMCID: PMC3924827 DOI: 10.3390/genes4030457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first reports that double-stranded RNAs can efficiently silence gene expression in C. elegans, the technology of RNA interference (RNAi) has been intensively exploited as an experimental tool to study gene function. With the subsequent discovery that RNAi could also be applied to mammalian cells, the technology of RNAi expanded from being a valuable experimental tool to being an applicable method for gene-specific therapeutic regulation, and much effort has been put into further refinement of the technique. This review will focus on how RNAi has developed over the years and how the technique is exploited in a pre-clinical and clinical perspective in relation to neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Troels T Nielsen
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Neurogenetics Clinic, Department of Neurology, Section 6702, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Jørgen E Nielsen
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Neurogenetics Clinic, Department of Neurology, Section 6702, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
L'homme L, Esser N, Riva L, Scheen A, Paquot N, Piette J, Legrand-Poels S. Unsaturated fatty acids prevent activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in human monocytes/macrophages. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:2998-3008. [PMID: 24006511 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m037861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in many obesity-associated diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and gouty arthritis, through its ability to induce interleukin (IL)-1β release. The molecular link between obesity and inflammasome activation is still unclear, but free fatty acids have been proposed as one triggering event. Here we reported opposite effects of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) compared with unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) on NLRP3 inflammasome in human monocytes/macrophages. Palmitate and stearate, both SFAs, triggered IL-1β secretion in a caspase-1/ASC/NLRP3-dependent pathway. Unlike SFAs, the UFAs oleate and linoleate did not lead to IL-1β secretion. In addition, they totally prevented the IL-1β release induced by SFAs and, with less efficiency, by a broad range of NLRP3 inducers, including nigericin, alum, and monosodium urate. UFAs did not affect the transcriptional effect of SFAs, suggesting a specific effect on the NLRP3 activation. These results provide a new anti-inflammatory mechanism of UFAs by preventing the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and, therefore, IL-1β processing. By this way, UFAs might play a protective role in NLRP3-associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent L'homme
- Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, GIGA-Signal Transduction
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
de Seny D, Cobraiville G, Charlier E, Neuville S, Esser N, Malaise D, Malaise O, Calvo FQ, Relic B, Malaise MG. Acute-phase serum amyloid a in osteoarthritis: regulatory mechanism and proinflammatory properties. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66769. [PMID: 23776697 PMCID: PMC3680431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine if serum amyloid A (A-SAA) could be detected in human osteoarthritic (OA) joints and further clarify if high A-SAA level in joints result from a local production or from a diffusion process from abnormally elevated plasma concentration. Regulatory mechanism of A-SAA expression and its pro-inflammatory properties were also investigated. Methods A-SAA levels in serum and synovial fluid of OA (n = 29) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 27) patients were measured and compared to matched-healthy volunteers (HV) (n = 35). In vitro cell cultures were performed on primary joint cells provided from osteoarthritis patients. Regulatory mechanisms were studied using Western-blotting, ELISA and lentiviral transfections. Results A-SAA was statistically increased in OA plasma patients compared to HV. Moreover, A-SAA level in OA plasma and synovial fluid increased with the Kellgren & Lauwrence grade. For all OA and RA patients, A-SAA plasma level was higher and highly correlated with its corresponding level in the synovial fluid, therefore supporting that A-SAA was mainly due to the passive diffusion process from blood into the joint cavity. However, A-SAA expression was also observed in vitro under corticosteroid treatment and/or under IL-1beta stimuli. A-SAA expression was down-regulated by PPAR-γ agonists (genistein and rosiglitazone) and up-regulated by TGF-β1 through Alk1 (Smad1/5) pathway. RhSAA induced proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, GRO-α and MCP-1) and metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-13) expression in FLS and chondrocytes, which expression was downregulated by TAK242, a specific TLR4 inhibitor. Conclusion Systemic or local A-SAA expression inside OA joint cavity may play a key role in inflammatory process seen in osteoarthritis, which could be counteracted by TLR4 inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique de Seny
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, University of Liège, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Seibt BF, Schiedel AC, Thimm D, Hinz S, Sherbiny FF, Müller CE. The second extracellular loop of GPCRs determines subtype-selectivity and controls efficacy as evidenced by loop exchange study at A2 adenosine receptors. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 85:1317-29. [PMID: 23500543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The second extracellular loop (EL2) of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which represent important drug targets, may be involved in ligand recognition and receptor activation. We studied the closely related adenosine receptor (AR) subtypes A2A and A2B by exchanging the complete EL2 of the human A2BAR for the EL2 of the A2AAR. Furthermore, single amino acid residues (Asp148(45.27), Ser149(45.28), Thr151(45.30), Glu164(45.43), Ser165(45.44), and Val169(45.48)) in the EL2 of the A2BAR were exchanged for alanine. The single mutations did not lead to any major effects, except for the T151A mutant, at which NECA showed considerably increased efficacy. The loop exchange entailed significant effects: The A2A-selective agonist CGS21680, while being completely inactive at A2BARs, showed high affinity for the mutant A2B(EL2-A2A)AR, and was able to fully activate the receptor. Most strikingly, all agonists investigated (adenosine, NECA, BAY60-6583, CGS21680) showed strongly increased efficacies at the mutant A2B(EL2-A2A) as compared to the wt AR. Thus, the EL2 of the A2BAR appears to have multiple functions: besides its involvement in ligand binding and subtype selectivity it modulates agonist-bound receptor conformations thereby controlling signalling efficacy. This role of the EL2 is likely to extend to other members of the GPCR family, and the EL2 of GPCRs appears to be an attractive target structure for drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F Seibt
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Thimm D, Schiedel AC, Sherbiny FF, Hinz S, Hochheiser K, Bertarelli DCG, Maass A, Müller CE. Ligand-specific binding and activation of the human adenosine A(2B) receptor. Biochemistry 2013; 52:726-40. [PMID: 23286920 DOI: 10.1021/bi3012065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine A(2B) receptors, which play a role in inflammation and cancer, are of considerable interest as novel drug targets. To gain deeper insights into ligand binding and receptor activation, we exchanged amino acids predicted to be close to the binding pocket. The alanine mutants were stably expressed in CHO cells and characterized by radioligand binding and cAMP assays using three structural classes of ligands: xanthine (antagonist), adenosine, and aminopyridine derivatives (agonists). Asn282(7.45) and His280(7.43) were found to stabilize the binding site by intramolecular hydrogen bond formation as in the related A(2A) receptor subtype. Trp247(6.48), Val250(6.51), and particularly Ser279(7.42) were shown to be important for binding of nucleosidic agonists. Leu81(3.28), Asn186(5.42), and Val250(6.51) were discovered to be crucial for binding of the xanthine-derived antagonist PSB-603. Leu81(3.28), which is not conserved among adenosine receptor subtypes, may be important for the high selectivity of PSB-603. The N186(5.42)A mutant resulted in an increased potency for agonists. The interactions of the non-nucleosidic agonist BAY60-6583 were different from those of the nucleosides: while BAY60-6583 appeared not to interact with Ser279(7.42), its interactions with Trp247(6.48) and Val250(6.51) were significantly weaker compared to those of NECA. Moreover, our results discount the hypothesis of Trp247(6.48) serving as a "toogle switch" because BAY60-6583 was able to activate the corresponding mutant. This study reveals distinct interactions of structurally diverse ligands with the human A(2B) receptor and differences between closely related receptor subtypes (A(2B) and A(2A)). It will contribute to the understanding of G protein-coupled receptor function and advance A(2B) receptor ligand design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Thimm
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Gene therapy vectors based on murine retroviruses have now been in clinical trials for over 20 years. During that time, a variety of novel vector pseudotypes were developed in an effort to improve gene transfer. Lentiviral vectors are now in clinical trials and a similar evolution of vector technology is anticipated. These modifications present challenges for those producing large-scale clinical materials. This chapter discusses approaches to process development for novel lentiviral vectors, highlight considerations, and methods to be incorporated into the development schema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Leath
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|