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Mogi M, Armbruster PA, Eritja R, Sunahara T, Tuno N. How far do forest container mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) invade rural and urban areas in Japan? - Simple landscape ecology with comparison of the invasive Aedes ecology between native and invasive ranges. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 61:1168-1180. [PMID: 39102891 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjae094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The distribution of container mosquitoes in relation to distances from forests was studied in temperate Japan. Mosquito larvae were collected between May and September in 4 years from tree holes, bamboo stumps, riverine rock pools, and artificial containers; sampling ranged spatially from the mountain forest across the deforested plain developed as agriculture and urban areas to the seacoast. Although tree holes, bamboo stumps, and artificial containers existed throughout the deforested plain area, 10 container species of 6 genera were found virtually only within 5 km from the nearest forest edge. Worldwide invasive Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Aedes japonicus (Theobald) of Asian origin showed unique occurrence patterns different from other container species and from each other. Ae. japonicus was dominant in artificial containers in and near the forest but minor in forest natural containers and only occurred within 5 km from the forest. Ae. albopictus was minor in the forest irrespective of container types but not bound to the forest and dominant in natural and artificial containers throughout rural and urban areas. The 5-km range was designated as the circum-forest zone for container mosquitoes (except Ae. albopictus) in Japan, and an expanded concept, circum-boundary zone, is proposed. The widths of these zones primarily depend on the dispersal traits of mosquitoes. Whether the relation of Ae. albopictus and Ae. japonicus to forests we observed are common in the native and invasive ranges is discussed. The study of across-ecosystem dispersal is important for mosquito management under anthropogenically changing environments due to either deforestation or green restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyoshi Mogi
- Division of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan (retired)
| | | | - Roger Eritja
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - Toshihiko Sunahara
- Department of Vector Ecology and Environment, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Nobuko Tuno
- Laboratory of Ecology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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2
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Bursali F, Touray M. The complexities of blood-feeding patterns in mosquitoes and sandflies and the burden of disease: A minireview. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1580. [PMID: 39171609 PMCID: PMC11339650 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes and sandflies exhibit a wide range of blood feeding patterns, targeting a wide range of vertebrate species, including birds, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians, for proteins vital for egg development. This broad host range increases the opportunity for them to acquire pathogens of numerous debilitating-and-fatal diseases from various animal reservoirs, playing a significant role in disease crossover between animals and humans, also known as zoonotic transmission. This review focuses on the intricate blood-feeding habits of these dipteran vectors, their sensory systems and the complex dance between host and pathogen during disease transmission. We delve into the influence of blood sources on pathogen spread by examining the insect immune response and its intricate interplay with pathogens. The remarkable sense of smell guiding them towards food sources and hosts is explored, highlighting the interplay of multiple sensory cues in their navigation. Finally, we examine the challenges in mosquito control strategies and explore innovations in this field, emphasizing the need for sustainable solutions to combat this global health threat. By understanding the biology and behaviour of these insects, we can develop more effective strategies to protect ourselves and mitigate the burden of vector-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Bursali
- Biology Department, Faculty of ScienceAydin Adnan Menderes UniversityAydinTürkiye
| | - Mustapha Touray
- Biology Department, Faculty of ScienceAydin Adnan Menderes UniversityAydinTürkiye
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Petersen V, Santana M, Karina-Costa M, Nachbar JJ, Martin-Martin I, Adelman ZN, Burini BC. Aedes ( Ochlerotatus) scapularis, Aedes japonicus japonicus, and Aedes ( Fredwardsius) vittatus (Diptera: Culicidae): Three Neglected Mosquitoes with Potential Global Health Risks. INSECTS 2024; 15:600. [PMID: 39194805 DOI: 10.3390/insects15080600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
More than 3550 species of mosquitoes are known worldwide, and only a fraction is involved in the transmission of arboviruses. Mosquitoes in sylvatic and semi-sylvatic habitats may rapidly adapt to urban parks and metropolitan environments, increasing human contact. Many of these mosquitoes have been found naturally infected with arboviruses from the Alphaviridae, Flaviviridae, and Bunyaviridae families, with many being the cause of medically important diseases. However, there is a gap in knowledge about the vector status of newly invasive species and their potential threat to human and domestic animal populations. Due to their rapid distribution, adaptation to urban environments, and anthropophilic habits, some neglected mosquito species may deserve more attention regarding their role as secondary vectors. Taking these factors into account, we focus here on Aedes (Ochlerotatus) scapularis (Rondani), Aedes japonicus japonicus (Theobald), and Aedes (Fredwardsius) vittatus (Bigot) as species that have the potential to become important disease vectors. We further discuss the importance of these neglected mosquitoes and how factors such as urbanization, climate change, and globalization profoundly alter the dynamics of disease transmission and may increase the participation of neglected species in propagating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Petersen
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA
| | - Micael Santana
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Karina-Costa
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Julia Jardim Nachbar
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ines Martin-Martin
- National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Zach N Adelman
- Department of Entomology and Agrilife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Bianca C Burini
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA
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Linthout C, Martins AD, de Wit M, Delecroix C, Abbo SR, Pijlman GP, Koenraadt CJM. The potential role of the Asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus as spillover vector for West Nile virus in the Netherlands. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:262. [PMID: 38886805 PMCID: PMC11181672 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years the Asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus has invaded Europe, including the Netherlands. This species is a known vector for a range of arboviruses, possibly including West Nile virus (WNV). As WNV emerged in the Netherlands in 2020, it is important to investigate the vectorial capacity of mosquito species present in the Netherlands to estimate the risk of future outbreaks and further spread of the virus. Therefore, this study evaluates the potential role of Ae. japonicus in WNV transmission and spillover from birds to dead-end hosts in the Netherlands. METHODS We conducted human landing collections in allotment gardens (Lelystad, the Netherlands) in June, August and September 2021 to study the diurnal and seasonal host-seeking behaviour of Ae. japonicus. Furthermore, their host preference in relation to birds using live chicken-baited traps was investigated. Vector competence of field-collected Ae. japonicus mosquitoes for two isolates of WNV at two different temperatures was determined. Based on the data generated from these studies, we developed a Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) model to calculate the risk of WNV spillover from birds to humans via Ae. japonicus, under the condition that the virus is introduced and circulates in an enzootic cycle in a given area. RESULTS Our results show that Ae. japonicus mosquitoes are actively host seeking throughout the day, with peaks in activity in the morning and evening. Their abundance in August was higher than in June and September. For the host-preference experiment, we documented a small number of mosquitoes feeding on birds: only six blood-fed females were caught over 4 full days of sampling. Finally, our vector competence experiments with Ae. japonicus compared to its natural vector Culex pipiens showed a higher infection and transmission rate when infected with a local, Dutch, WNV isolate compared to a Greek isolate of the virus. Interestingly, we also found a small number of infected Cx. pipiens males with virus-positive leg and saliva samples. CONCLUSIONS Combining the field and laboratory derived data, our model predicts that Ae. japonicus could act as a spillover vector for WNV and could be responsible for a high initial invasion risk of WNV when present in large numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Linthout
- Department of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Afonso Dimas Martins
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mariken de Wit
- Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Clara Delecroix
- Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra R Abbo
- Department of Virology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gorben P Pijlman
- Department of Virology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Khan S, Simons A, Campbell LM, Claar NA, Abel MG, Chaves LF. Mosquito Species Diversity and Abundance Patterns in Plots with Contrasting Land Use and Land Cover in Bloomington, Indiana. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2024; 40:81-91. [PMID: 38811013 DOI: 10.2987/24-7174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Land use and land cover (LULC) gradients are associated with differences in mosquito species composition and the entomological risk of mosquito-borne disease. Here, we present results from a season-long study of mosquito species richness and abundance with samples collected at 9 locations from 2 plots with contrasting LULC, an urban farm and a forest preserve, in Bloomington, IN, a city in the midwestern USA. With a total sampling effort of 234 trap-nights, we collected 703 mosquitoes from 9 genera and 21 species. On the farm, we collected 15 species (285 mosquitoes). In the preserve, we collected 19 species (418 mosquitoes). Thirteen species were common in both study plots, 2 were exclusive to the farm, and 6 were exclusive to the forest preserve. In both plots, we collected Aedes albopictus and Ae. japonicus. In the farm, the most common mosquito species were Culex restuans/Cx. pipiens and Coquillettidia perturbans. In the preserve, Ae. japonicus and Ae. triseriatus were the 2 most common mosquito species. Time series analysis suggests that weather factors differentially affected mosquito species richness and mosquito abundance in the plots. Temperature, relative humidity (RH), and precipitation were positively associated with richness and abundance at the farm, while increases in the SD of RH decreased both richness and abundance at the preserve. Our results highlight the importance that LULC has for mosquito species diversity and abundance and confirm the presence of Ae. albopictus and Ae. japonicus in southwestern Indiana.
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Day CA, Odoi AO, Moncayo A, Doyle MS, Williams CJ, Byrd BD, Trout Fryxell RT. Persistent spatial clustering and predictors of pediatric La Crosse virus neuroinvasive disease risk in eastern Tennessee and western North Carolina, 2003-2020. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012186. [PMID: 38843214 PMCID: PMC11156276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The combined region of eastern Tennessee and western North Carolina has a persistently high risk of pediatric La Crosse virus neuroinvasive disease (LACV-ND). To guide public health intervention in this region, the objectives of this retrospective ecological study were to investigate the geographic clustering and predictors of pediatric LACV-ND risk at the ZIP code tabulation area (ZCTA) level. Data on pediatric cases of LACV-ND reported between 2003 and 2020 were obtained from Tennessee Department of Health and North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services. Purely spatial and space-time scan statistics were used to identify ZCTA-level clusters of confirmed and probable pediatric LACV-ND cases from 2003-2020, and a combination of global and local (i.e., geographically weighted) negative binomial regression models were used to investigate potential predictors of disease risk from 2015-2020. The cluster investigation revealed spatially persistent high-risk and low-risk clusters of LACV-ND, with most cases consistently reported from a few high-risk clusters throughout the entire study period. Temperature and precipitation had positive but antagonistic associations with disease risk from 2015-2020, but the strength of those relationships varied substantially across the study area. Because LACV-ND risk clustering in this region is focally persistent, retroactive case surveillance can be used to guide the implementation of targeted public health intervention to reduce the disease burden in high-risk areas. Additional research on the role of climate in LACV transmission is warranted to support the development of predictive transmission models to guide proactive public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey A. Day
- Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Agricola O. Odoi
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Abelardo Moncayo
- Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Michael S. Doyle
- North Carolina Division of Public Health, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Carl J. Williams
- North Carolina Division of Public Health, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Brian D. Byrd
- Environmental Health Sciences, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Rebecca T. Trout Fryxell
- Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
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Gierek M, Ochała-Gierek G, Woźnica AJ, Zaleśny G, Jarosz A, Niemiec P. Winged Threat on the Offensive: A Literature Review Due to the First Identification of Aedes japonicus in Poland. Viruses 2024; 16:703. [PMID: 38793584 PMCID: PMC11125806 DOI: 10.3390/v16050703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic studies preceded by the observation of an unknown mosquito species in Mikołów (Poland) confirmed that it belongs to a new invasive species in Polish fauna, Aedes japonicus (Theobald, 1901), a known vector for numerous infectious diseases. Ae. japonicus is expanding its geographical presence, raising concerns about potential disease transmission given its vector competence for chikungunya virus, dengue virus, West Nile virus, and Zika virus. This first genetically confirmed identification of Ae. japonicus in Poland initiates a comprehensive review of the literature on Ae. japonicus, its biology and ecology, and the viral infections transmitted by this species. This paper also presents the circumstances of the observation of Ae. japonicus in Poland and a methodology for identifying this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Gierek
- Center for Burns Treatment, 41-100 Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland;
| | | | - Andrzej Józef Woźnica
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska St. 5B i 7A, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Zaleśny
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska St. 5B i 7A, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Alicja Jarosz
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Medykow 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Paweł Niemiec
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Medykow 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
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Reichl J, Prossegger C, Petutschnig S, Unterköfler MS, Bakran-Lebl K, Markowicz M, Indra A, Fuehrer HP. Comparison of a multiplex PCR with DNA barcoding for identification of container breeding mosquito species. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:171. [PMID: 38566239 PMCID: PMC10985852 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06255-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of mosquitoes greatly relies on morphological specification. Since some species cannot be distinguished reliably by morphological methods, it is important to incorporate molecular techniques into the diagnostic pipeline. DNA barcoding using Sanger sequencing is currently widely used for identification of mosquito species. However, this method does not allow detection of multiple species in one sample, which would be important when analysing mosquito eggs. Detection of container breeding Aedes is typically performed by collecting eggs using ovitraps. These traps consist of a black container filled with water and a wooden spatula inserted for oviposition support. Aedes mosquitoes of different species might lay single or multiple eggs on the spatula. In contrast to Sanger sequencing of specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products, multiplex PCR protocols targeting specific species of interest can be of advantage for detection of multiple species in the same sample. METHODS For this purpose, we adapted a previously published PCR protocol for simultaneous detection of four different Aedes species that are relevant for Austrian monitoring programmes, as they can be found in ovitraps: Aedes albopictus, Aedes japonicus, Aedes koreicus, and Aedes geniculatus. For evaluation of the multiplex PCR protocol, we analysed 2271 ovitrap mosquito samples from the years 2021 and 2022, which were collected within the scope of an Austrian nationwide monitoring programme. We compared the results of the multiplex PCR to the results of DNA barcoding. RESULTS Of 2271 samples, the multiplex PCR could identify 1990 samples, while species determination using DNA barcoding of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene was possible in 1722 samples. The multiplex PCR showed a mixture of different species in 47 samples, which could not be detected with DNA barcoding. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, identification of Aedes species in ovitrap samples was more successful when using the multiplex PCR protocol as opposed to the DNA barcoding protocol. Additionally, the multiplex PCR allowed us to detect multiple species in the same sample, while those species might have been missed when using DNA barcoding with Sanger sequencing alone. Therefore, we propose that the multiplex PCR protocol is highly suitable and of great advantage when analysing mosquito eggs from ovitraps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Reichl
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Prossegger
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Petutschnig
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Sophia Unterköfler
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Bakran-Lebl
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Mateusz Markowicz
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Indra
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans-Peter Fuehrer
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Willoughby JR, McKenzie BA, Ahn J, Steury TD, Lepzcyk CA, Zohdy S. Assessing and managing the risk of Aedes mosquito introductions via the global maritime trade network. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012110. [PMID: 38598547 PMCID: PMC11034661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The global shipping network (GSN) has been suggested as a pathway for the establishment and reintroduction of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus primarily via the tire trade. We used historical maritime movement data in combination with an agent-based model to understand invasion risk in the United States Gulf Coast and how the risk of these invasions could be reduced. We found a strong correlation between the total number of cargo ship arrivals at each port and likelihood of arrival by both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Additionally, in 2012, 99.2% of the arrivals into target ports had most recently visited ports likely occupied by both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, increasing risk of Aedes invasion. Our model results indicated that detection and removal of mosquitoes from containers when they are unloaded effectively reduced the probability of mosquito populations establishment even when the connectivity of ports increased. To reduce the risk of invasion and reintroduction of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, surveillance and control efforts should be employed when containers leave high risk locations and when they arrive in ports at high risk of establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna R. Willoughby
- College of Forestry, Wildlife, and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Benjamin A. McKenzie
- College of Forestry, Wildlife, and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
- Geospatial Research, Analysis, and Services Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jordan Ahn
- Geospatial Research, Analysis, and Services Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Todd D. Steury
- College of Forestry, Wildlife, and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Lepzcyk
- College of Forestry, Wildlife, and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Sarah Zohdy
- College of Forestry, Wildlife, and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
- Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
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Cawthon SMO, Dimise MM, Frazier R. First Record of Aedes Japonicus in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2023; 39:278-280. [PMID: 38108424 DOI: 10.2987/23-7142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Information of species presence and abundance is useful for taking a targeted approach to controlling populations of medically important and nuisance mosquito species. In April 2023, staff at St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District (STPMAD), in Slidell, Louisiana, identified Aedes japonicus (Theobald, 1901) mosquitoes from a larval sample brought in from the field for identification. Although invasive Aedes species like Aedes albopictus are commonly found in Louisiana, this is the first record of Ae. japonicus in St. Tammany Parish.
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Lühken R, Brattig N, Becker N. Introduction of invasive mosquito species into Europe and prospects for arbovirus transmission and vector control in an era of globalization. Infect Dis Poverty 2023; 12:109. [PMID: 38037192 PMCID: PMC10687857 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-023-01167-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mosquito research in Europe has a long history, primarily focused on malaria vectors. In recent years, invasive mosquito species like the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) and the spread of arboviruses like dengue virus, chikungunya virus or bluetongue virus have led to an intensification of research and monitoring in Europe. The risk of further dissemination of exotic species and mosquito-borne pathogens is expected to increase with ongoing globalization, human mobility, transport geography, and climate warming. Researchers have conducted various studies to understand the ecology, biology, and effective control strategies of mosquitoes and associated pathogens. MAIN BODY Three invasive mosquito species are established in Europe: Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus), Japanese bush mosquito (Ae. japonicus), and Korean bush mosquito (Aedes koreicus). Ae. albopictus is the most invasive species and has been established in Europe since 1990. Over the past two decades, there has been an increasing number of outbreaks of infections by mosquito-borne viruses in particular chikungunya virus, dengue virus or Zika virus in Europe primary driven by Ae. albopictus. At the same time, climate change with rising temperatures results in increasing threat of invasive mosquito-borne viruses, in particular Usutu virus and West Nile virus transmitted by native Culex mosquito species. Effective mosquito control programs require a high level of community participation, going along with comprehensive information campaigns, to ensure source reduction and successful control. Control strategies for container breeding mosquitoes like Ae. albopictus or Culex species involve community participation, door-to-door control activities in private areas. Further measures can involve integration of sterile insect techniques, applying indigenous copepods, Wolbachia sp. bacteria, or genetically modified mosquitoes, which is very unlike to be practiced as standard method in the near future. CONCLUSIONS Climate change and globalization resulting in the increased establishment of invasive mosquitoes in particular of the Asian tiger mosquito Ae. albopictus in Europe within the last 30 years and increasing outbreaks of infections by mosquito-borne viruses warrants intensification of research and monitoring. Further, effective future mosquito control programs require increase in intense community and private participation, applying physical, chemical, biological, and genetical control activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renke Lühken
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Norbert Brattig
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Becker
- Institute for Dipterology, 67346, Speyer, Germany
- Institute for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
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Zadra N, Tatti A, Silverj A, Piccinno R, Devilliers J, Lewis C, Arnoldi D, Montarsi F, Escuer P, Fusco G, De Sanctis V, Feuda R, Sánchez-Gracia A, Rizzoli A, Rota-Stabelli O. Shallow Whole-Genome Sequencing of Aedes japonicus and Aedes koreicus from Italy and an Updated Picture of Their Evolution Based on Mitogenomics and Barcoding. INSECTS 2023; 14:904. [PMID: 38132578 PMCID: PMC10743467 DOI: 10.3390/insects14120904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Aedes japonicus and Aedes koreicus are two invasive mosquitoes native to East Asia that are quickly establishing in temperate regions of Europe. Both species are vectors of arboviruses, but we currently lack a clear understanding of their evolution. Here, we present new short-read, shallow genome sequencing of A. japonicus and A. koreicus individuals from northern Italy, which we used for downstream phylogenetic and barcode analyses. We explored associated microbial DNA and found high occurrences of Delftia bacteria in both samples, but neither Asaia nor Wolbachia. We then assembled complete mitogenomes and used these data to infer divergence times estimating the split of A. japonicus from A. koreicus in the Oligocene, which was more recent than that previously reported using mitochondrial markers. We recover a younger age for most other nodes within Aedini and other Culicidae. COI barcoding and phylogenetic analyses indicate that A. japonicus yaeyamensis, A. japonicus amamiensis, and the two A. koreicus sampled from Europe should be considered as separate species within a monophyletic species complex. Our studies further clarify the evolution of A. japonicus and A. koreicus, and indicate the need to obtain whole-genome data from putative species in order to disentangle their complex patterns of evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Zadra
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.T.); (A.S.); (R.P.)
- CIBIO Department, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy;
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (D.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Alessia Tatti
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.T.); (A.S.); (R.P.)
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (D.A.); (A.R.)
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
- University School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Silverj
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.T.); (A.S.); (R.P.)
- CIBIO Department, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy;
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (D.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Riccardo Piccinno
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.T.); (A.S.); (R.P.)
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (D.A.); (A.R.)
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Julien Devilliers
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (J.D.); (C.L.); (R.F.)
| | - Clifton Lewis
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (J.D.); (C.L.); (R.F.)
| | - Daniele Arnoldi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (D.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Fabrizio Montarsi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, Italy;
| | - Paula Escuer
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.E.); (A.S.-G.)
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Fusco
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | | | - Roberto Feuda
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (J.D.); (C.L.); (R.F.)
| | - Alejandro Sánchez-Gracia
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.E.); (A.S.-G.)
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Annapaola Rizzoli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (D.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Omar Rota-Stabelli
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.T.); (A.S.); (R.P.)
- CIBIO Department, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy;
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (D.A.); (A.R.)
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13
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Day CA, Byrd BD, Trout Fryxell RT. La Crosse virus neuroinvasive disease: the kids are not alright. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 60:1165-1182. [PMID: 37862102 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
La Crosse virus (LACV) is the most common cause of neuroinvasive mosquito-borne disease in children within the United States. Despite more than 50 years of recognized endemicity in the United States, the true burden of LACV disease is grossly underappreciated, and there remain severe knowledge gaps that inhibit public health interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality. Long-standing deficiencies in disease surveillance, clinical diagnostics and therapeutics, actionable entomologic and environmental risk indices, case response capacity, public awareness, and availability of community support groups clearly frame LACV disease as neglected. Here we synthesize salient prior research and contextualize our findings as an assessment of current gaps and opportunities to develop a framework to prevent, detect, and respond to LACV disease. The persistent burdens of LACV disease clearly require renewed public health attention, policy, and action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey A Day
- Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Brian D Byrd
- Environmental Health Sciences, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC, USA
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14
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Anicic N, Steigmiller K, Renaux C, Ravasi D, Tanadini M, Flacio E. Optical recognition of the eggs of four Aedine mosquito species (Aedes albopictus, Aedes geniculatus, Aedes japonicus, and Aedes koreicus). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293568. [PMID: 37910569 PMCID: PMC10619821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous expansion of exotic Aedine mosquito species potential vectors of pathogens into new areas is a public health concern. In continental Europe, the surveillance of these mosquitoes is hindered by the simultaneous presence of three main invasive species (i.e., Aedes albopictus, Ae. japonicus, and Ae. koreicus). Standard low-cost surveillance methods (i.e., the deployment of oviposition traps and count of eggs under stereoscopic microscope) fail to distinguish the eggs of the different species. Identification of eggs by molecular methods is costly and time consuming and prevents measuring the density of invasive species and detecting early new invaders. Here we tested whether certain species could be identified by the patterns on the exochorionic membrane of their eggs. In a first step, we examined Aedine eggs of the three mentioned invasive and one indigenous (i.e., Ae. geniculatus) species with a high-resolution stereomicroscope and we identified each egg by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. In a second step, we submitted images of the eggs to 60 entomology experts and non-experts and tested their ability to distinguish among the species after an initial short training. The results obtained were consistent. Participants did not encounter difficulties in determining Ae. albopictus and Ae. geniculatus, while they had more difficulties in distinguishing Ae. japonicus from Ae. koreicus. In general, the quality of the exochorion seemed to play a more important role than the expertise level of the rater. The feasibility to differentiate Ae. albopictus from the other two invasive species is a significant achievement, as this is currently the most problematic species at the level of public health in Europe. Due to the presence of multiple invasive species that might prevent the correct quantification of mosquito population densities using standard surveillance methods and due to Ae. aegypti threat, it is recommended to optically determine also other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoleta Anicic
- Institute of Microbiology, Department for Environment Constructions and Design, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Mendrisio, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Damiana Ravasi
- Institute of Microbiology, Department for Environment Constructions and Design, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Mendrisio, Switzerland
| | | | - Eleonora Flacio
- Institute of Microbiology, Department for Environment Constructions and Design, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Mendrisio, Switzerland
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15
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Cevidanes A, Goiri F, Barandika JF, Vázquez P, Goikolea J, Zuazo A, Etxarri N, Ocio G, García-Pérez AL. Invasive Aedes mosquitoes in an urban-peri-urban gradient in northern Spain: evidence of the wide distribution of Aedes japonicus. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:234. [PMID: 37452412 PMCID: PMC10349466 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expansion of invasive mosquitoes throughout Europe has increased in recent decades. In northern Spain, Aedes albopictus was detected for the first time in 2014, and Aedes japonicus was detected in the three Basque provinces in 2020. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of these mosquito species and their association with factors related to urbanization. METHODS In 2021, a total of 568 ovitraps were deployed in 113 sampling sites from 45 municipalities with > 10,000 inhabitants. Oviposition substrate sticks were replaced each fortnight and examined for Aedes eggs from June to November. Aedes eggs were counted, and the eggs from a selection of positive oviposition sticks, encompassing at least one stick from each positive ovitrap, were hatched following their life cycle until the adult stage. When egg hatching was not successful, PCR targeting the COI gene and sequencing of amplicons were carried out. RESULTS Eggs were detected in 66.4% of the sampling sites and in 32.4% of the ovitraps distributed in the three provinces of the Basque Country. Aedes albopictus and Ae. japonicus were widespread in the studied area, confirming their presence in 23 and 26 municipalities, respectively. Co-occurrence of both species was observed in 11 municipalities. The analysis of the presence of Aedes invasive mosquitoes and the degree of urbanization (urban, suburban, peri-urban) revealed that Ae. albopictus showed a 4.39 times higher probability of being found in suburban areas than in peri-urban areas, whereas Ae. japonicus had a higher probability of being found in peri-urban areas. Moreover, the presence of Ae. albopictus was significantly associated with municipalities with a higher population density (mean = 2983 inh/km2), whereas Ae. japonicus was associated with lower population density (mean = 1590 inh/km2). CONCLUSIONS The wide distribution of Ae. albopictus and Ae. japonicus observed confirmed the spread and establishment of these species in northern Spain. A new colonization area of Ae. japonicus in Europe was confirmed. Due to the potential impact of Aedes invasive mosquitoes on public health and according to our results, surveillance programs and control plans should be designed considering different urbanization gradients, types of environments, and population density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Cevidanes
- Animal Health Department, NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia Spain
| | - Fátima Goiri
- Animal Health Department, NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia Spain
| | - Jesús F. Barandika
- Animal Health Department, NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia Spain
| | - Patricia Vázquez
- Animal Health Department, NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia Spain
| | - Joseba Goikolea
- Subdirección de Salud Pública de Gipuzkoa, Eusko Jaurlaritza-Gobierno Vasco, Donostia, Gipuzkoa Spain
| | - Ander Zuazo
- Dirección de Sanidad Ambiental e Higiene Urbana, Área de Salud y Consumo del Ayuntamiento de Bilbao, Bilbao, Bizkaia Spain
| | - Natalia Etxarri
- Dirección de Medio Ambiente, Sección de Sanidad Alimentaria y Zoonosis del Ayuntamiento de Donostia, Donostia, Gipuzkoa Spain
| | - Gurutze Ocio
- Departamento de Deporte y Salud, Servicio de Salud Pública, Unidad Sanitaria de Consumo del Ayuntamiento de Vitoria-Gasteiz, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba Spain
| | - Ana L. García-Pérez
- Animal Health Department, NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia Spain
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16
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Beckermann AJ, Medley KA, Adalsteinsson SA, Westby KM. The final countdown: presence of an invasive mosquito extends time to predation for a native mosquito. Biol Invasions 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-023-03051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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17
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Giunti G, Becker N, Benelli G. Invasive mosquito vectors in Europe: From bioecology to surveillance and management. Acta Trop 2023; 239:106832. [PMID: 36642256 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Invasive mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) play a key role in the spread of a number of mosquito-borne diseases worldwide. Anthropogenic changes play a significant role in affecting their distribution. Invasive mosquitoes usually take advantage from biotic homogenization and biodiversity reduction, therefore expanding in their distribution range and abundance. In Europe, climate warming and increasing urbanization are boosting the spread of several mosquito species of high public health importance. The present article contains a literature review focused on the biology and ecology of Aedes albopictus, Ae. aegypti, Ae. japonicus japonicus, Ae. koreicus, Ae. atropalpus and Ae. triseriatus, outlining their distribution and public health relevance in Europe. Bioecology insights were tightly connected with vector surveillance and control programs targeting these species. In the final section, a research agenda aiming for the effective and sustainable monitoring and control of invasive mosquitoes in the framework of Integrated Vector Management and One Health is presented. The WHO Vector Control Advisory Group recommends priority should be given to vector control tools with proven epidemiological impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Giunti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, SA 84084, Italy
| | - Norbert Becker
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Institute of Dipterology (IfD), Georg-Peter-Süß-Str. 3, Speyer 67346, Germany; IcyBac-Biologische Stechmückenbekämpfung GmbH (ICYBAC), Georg-Peter-Süß-Str. 1, Speyer 67346, Germany
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, Pisa 56124, Italy.
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18
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Seok S, Jacobsen CM, Romero-Weaver AL, Wang X, Nguyen VT, Collier TC, Riles MT, Akbari OS, Lee Y. Complete mitogenome sequence of Aedes (Hulecoeteomyia) japonicus japonicus from Hawai'i Island. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2023; 8:64-68. [PMID: 36685646 PMCID: PMC9848326 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2022.2161328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the first complete mitogenome (Mt) sequence of Aedes japonicus japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae). The sequence was extracted from one adult from the Big Island of Hawai'i Island. The length of the Ae. japonicus japonicus Mt was 16,528bp with 78.1% AT content. Its sequence is most similar to the Mt sequence of Aedes koreicus with 90.81% sequence identity. This is the first full Mt sequence available for this species and provides important genetic resource for studying population genetics and dynamics of this important invasive mosquito species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangwoo Seok
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | | | - Ana L. Romero-Weaver
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | - Xiaodi Wang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | - Valerie T. Nguyen
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Omar S. Akbari
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
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19
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Da Re D, Van Bortel W, Reuss F, Müller R, Boyer S, Montarsi F, Ciocchetta S, Arnoldi D, Marini G, Rizzoli A, L'Ambert G, Lacour G, Koenraadt CJM, Vanwambeke SO, Marcantonio M. dynamAedes: a unified modelling framework for invasive Aedes mosquitoes. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:414. [PMID: 36348368 PMCID: PMC9641901 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05414-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquito species belonging to the genus Aedes have attracted the interest of scientists and public health officers because of their capacity to transmit viruses that affect humans. Some of these species were brought outside their native range by means of trade and tourism and then colonised new regions thanks to a unique combination of eco-physiological traits. Considering mosquito physiological and behavioural traits to understand and predict their population dynamics is thus a crucial step in developing strategies to mitigate the local densities of invasive Aedes populations. Here, we synthesised the life cycle of four invasive Aedes species (Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Ae. japonicus and Ae. koreicus) in a single multi-scale stochastic modelling framework which we coded in the R package dynamAedes. We designed a stage-based and time-discrete stochastic model driven by temperature, photo-period and inter-specific larval competition that can be applied to three different spatial scales: punctual, local and regional. These spatial scales consider different degrees of spatial complexity and data availability by accounting for both active and passive dispersal of mosquito species as well as for the heterogeneity of the input temperature data. Our overarching aim was to provide a flexible, open-source and user-friendly tool rooted in the most updated knowledge on the species' biology which could be applied to the management of invasive Aedes populations as well as to more theoretical ecological inquiries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Da Re
- Georges Lemaître Center for Earth and Climate Research, Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Wim Van Bortel
- Unit Entomology and the Outbreak Research Team, Tropical Medicine Institute, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Friederike Reuss
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ruth Müller
- Unit Entomology and the Outbreak Research Team, Tropical Medicine Institute, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sebastien Boyer
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology Unit, Institute Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Fabrizio Montarsi
- Laboratory of Parasitology, National reference centre/OIE collaborating centre for diseases at the animal-human interface, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Silvia Ciocchetta
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, Australia
| | - Daniele Arnoldi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Annapaola Rizzoli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | | | | | - Constantianus J M Koenraadt
- Wageningen University & Research, Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie O Vanwambeke
- Georges Lemaître Center for Earth and Climate Research, Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Matteo Marcantonio
- Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics Group, Earth and Life Institute, UC Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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20
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Bridging landscape ecology and urban science to respond to the rising threat of mosquito-borne diseases. Nat Ecol Evol 2022; 6:1601-1616. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01876-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Montarsi F, Rosso F, Arnoldi D, Ravagnan S, Marini G, Delucchi L, Rosà R, Rizzoli A. First report of the blood-feeding pattern in Aedes koreicus, a new invasive species in Europe. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15751. [PMID: 36130985 PMCID: PMC9492761 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19734-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes koreicus is an invasive mosquito species which has been introduced into several European countries. Compared to other invasive Aedes mosquitoes, little is known of its biology and ecology. To determine Ae. koreicus’ vectorial capacity, it is essential to establish its feeding patterns and level of anthropophagy. We report on the blood-feeding patterns of Ae. koreicus, examining the blood meal origin of engorged females and evaluating the influence of different biotic and abiotic factors on feeding behavior. Mosquitoes were collected in 23 sites in northern Italy by manual aspiration and BG-sentinel traps; host availability was estimated by survey. The source of blood meals was identified using a nested PCR and by targeting and sequencing the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. In total, 352 Ae. koreicus engorged females were collected between 2013 and 2020 and host blood meals were determined from 299 blood-fed mosquitoes (84.9%). Eleven host species were identified, with the highest prevalences being observed among roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) (N = 189, 63.2%) and humans (N = 46, 15.4%). Blood meals were mostly taken from roe deer in forested sites and from humans in urban areas, suggesting that this species can feed on different hosts according to local abundance. Two blood meals were identified from avian hosts and one from lizard. Ae. koreicus’ mammalophilic feeding pattern suggests that it may be a potential vector of pathogens establishing transmission cycles among mammals, whereas its role as a bridge vector between mammals and birds could be negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Montarsi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Fausta Rosso
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele All'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Daniele Arnoldi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele All'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Silvia Ravagnan
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele All'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Luca Delucchi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele All'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Roberto Rosà
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele All'Adige, TN, Italy.,Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, San Michele All'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Annapaola Rizzoli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele All'Adige, TN, Italy
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22
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Peach DAH, Matthews BJ. The Invasive Mosquitoes of Canada: An Entomological, Medical, and Veterinary Review. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2022; 107:231-244. [PMID: 35895394 PMCID: PMC9393454 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Several invasive mosquitoes have become established in Canada, including important pathogen vectors such as Aedes albopictus, Ae. japonicus, and Culex pipiens. Some species have been present for decades, while others are recent arrivals. Several species present new health concerns and may result in autochthonous seasonal outbreaks of pathogens, particularly in southern Canada, that were previously restricted to imported cases. This review provides an overview of current knowledge of the biological, medical, and veterinary perspectives of these invasive species and highlights the need for increased monitoring efforts and information sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. H. Peach
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Kurucz K, Zeghbib S, Arnoldi D, Marini G, Manica M, Michelutti A, Montarsi F, Deblauwe I, Van Bortel W, Smitz N, Pfitzner WP, Czajka C, Jöst A, Kalan K, Šušnjar J, Ivović V, Kuczmog A, Lanszki Z, Tóth GE, Somogyi BA, Herczeg R, Urbán P, Bueno-Marí R, Soltész Z, Kemenesi G. Aedes koreicus, a vector on the rise: Pan-European genetic patterns, mitochondrial and draft genome sequencing. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269880. [PMID: 35913994 PMCID: PMC9342712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
The mosquito Aedes koreicus (Edwards, 1917) is a recent invader on the European continent that was introduced to several new places since its first detection in 2008. Compared to other exotic Aedes mosquitoes with public health significance that invaded Europe during the last decades, this species’ biology, behavior, and dispersal patterns were poorly investigated to date.
Methodology/Principal findings
To understand the species’ population relationships and dispersal patterns within Europe, a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI or COX1) gene was sequenced from 130 mosquitoes, collected from five countries where the species has been introduced and/or established. Oxford Nanopore and Illumina sequencing techniques were combined to generate the first complete nuclear and mitochondrial genomic sequences of Ae. koreicus from the European region. The complete genome of Ae. koreicus is 879 Mb. COI haplotype analyses identified five major groups (altogether 31 different haplotypes) and revealed a large-scale dispersal pattern between European Ae. koreicus populations. Continuous admixture of populations from Belgium, Italy, and Hungary was highlighted, additionally, haplotype diversity and clustering indicate a separation of German sequences from other populations, pointing to an independent introduction of Ae. koreicus to Europe. Finally, a genetic expansion signal was identified, suggesting the species might be present in more locations than currently detected.
Conclusions/Significance
Our results highlight the importance of genetic research of invasive mosquitoes to understand general dispersal patterns, reveal main dispersal routes and form the baseline of future mitigation actions. The first complete genomic sequence also provides a significant leap in the general understanding of this species, opening the possibility for future genome-related studies, such as the detection of ‘Single Nucleotide Polymorphism’ markers. Considering its public health importance, it is crucial to further investigate the species’ population genetic dynamic, including a larger sampling and additional genomic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornélia Kurucz
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| | - Safia Zeghbib
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Daniele Arnoldi
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marini
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Mattia Manica
- Center for Health Emergencies, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy
| | - Alice Michelutti
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Micology and Medical Entomology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montarsi
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Micology and Medical Entomology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Isra Deblauwe
- Entomology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Bortel
- Entomology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- Outbreak Research team, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Smitz
- Department of Biology, Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo), Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Wolf Peter Pfitzner
- Kommunale Aktionsgemeinschaft zur Bekämpfung der Schnakenplage e.V. (KABS e.V.), Speyer, Germany
| | - Christina Czajka
- Kommunale Aktionsgemeinschaft zur Bekämpfung der Schnakenplage e.V. (KABS e.V.), Speyer, Germany
| | - Artur Jöst
- Kommunale Aktionsgemeinschaft zur Bekämpfung der Schnakenplage e.V. (KABS e.V.), Speyer, Germany
| | - Katja Kalan
- Department of Biodiversity, University of Primorska, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Jana Šušnjar
- Department of Biodiversity, University of Primorska, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Vladimir Ivović
- Department of Biodiversity, University of Primorska, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Anett Kuczmog
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Lanszki
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gábor Endre Tóth
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balázs A. Somogyi
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Róbert Herczeg
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Urbán
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Rubén Bueno-Marí
- Department of Research and Development, Laboratorios Lokímica, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- Parasite & Health Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Zoltán Soltész
- Centre for Ecological Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Gábor Kemenesi
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Arnoldi I, Negri A, Soresinetti L, Brambilla M, Carraretto D, Montarsi F, Roberto P, Mosca A, Rubolini D, Bandi C, Epis S, Gabrieli P. Assessing the distribution of invasive Asian mosquitoes in Northern Italy and modelling the potential spread of Aedes koreicus in Europe. Acta Trop 2022; 232:106536. [PMID: 35609630 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, Aedes koreicus and Aedes japonicus japonicus mosquitoes, which are competent vectors for various arboviruses of public health relevance, colonised Italy and other European countries. Nevertheless, information about their current and potential distribution is partial. Accordingly, in this study four regions of Northern Italy (Lombardy, Liguria, Piedmont and Aosta Valley) were surveyed during 2021 for the presence of eggs, larvae and pupae of these two invasive species. We found evidence for a widespread presence of Ae. koreicus in pre-Alpine territories of Lombardy and Piedmont. Larvae from the invasive subspecies of Ae. j. japonicus were also collected in the same geographic areas, though they were less frequent. Occurrence data from this study and results from previous monitoring campaigns were used to generate a Maxent model for the prediction of habitat suitability for Ae. koreicus mosquitoes in Northern Italy and the rest of Europe. Peri-urban areas located in proximity to forests, pastures and vineyards were revealed as highly suitable environments for colonisation by this invasive species. Maps of the potential distribution also suggest the presence of further suitable areas in currently uncolonized countries. We conclude that this invasive mosquito species has the potential for a broad expansion at the European level in the coming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Arnoldi
- Department of Biosciences and Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy; Italian Malaria Network, Inter University Center for Malaria Research, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy; Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy; University School of Advanced Studies Pavia, IUSS, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Agata Negri
- Department of Biosciences and Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy; Italian Malaria Network, Inter University Center for Malaria Research, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Laura Soresinetti
- Department of Biosciences and Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy; Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Mattia Brambilla
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Davide Carraretto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy; University School of Advanced Studies Pavia, IUSS, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montarsi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro 35020, Italy
| | - Paolo Roberto
- Istituto per le Piante da Legno e l'Ambiente, I.P.L.A. S.p.A., Turin 10132, Italy
| | - Andrea Mosca
- Istituto per le Piante da Legno e l'Ambiente, I.P.L.A. S.p.A., Turin 10132, Italy
| | - Diego Rubolini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Claudio Bandi
- Department of Biosciences and Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy; Italian Malaria Network, Inter University Center for Malaria Research, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Sara Epis
- Department of Biosciences and Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy; Italian Malaria Network, Inter University Center for Malaria Research, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - Paolo Gabrieli
- Department of Biosciences and Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy; Italian Malaria Network, Inter University Center for Malaria Research, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy.
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25
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Lahondère C, Bonizzoni M. Thermal biology of invasive Aedes mosquitoes in the context of climate change. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 51:100920. [PMID: 35421621 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2022.100920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of arboviral diseases in tropical endemic areas and their emergence in new temperate countries is one of the most important challenges that Public Health agencies are currently facing. Because mosquitoes are poikilotherms, shifts in temperature influence physiological functions besides egg viability. These traits impact not only vector density, but also their interaction with their hosts and arboviruses. As such the relationship among mosquitoes, arboviral diseases and temperature is complex. Here, we summarize current knowledge on the thermal biology of Aedes invasive mosquitoes, highlighting differences among species. We also emphasize the need to expand knowledge on the variability in thermal sensitivity across populations within a species, especially in light of climate change that encompasses increase not only in mean environmental temperature but also in the frequency of hot and cold snaps. Finally, we suggest a novel experimental approach to investigate the molecular architecture of thermal adaptation in mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Lahondère
- Department of Biochemistry, USA; The Fralin Life Science Institute, USA; Center of Emerging, Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, USA; The Global Change Center, USA; Department of Entomology at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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26
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Miranda MÁ, Barceló C, Arnoldi D, Augsten X, Bakran-Lebl K, Balatsos G, Bengoa M, Bindler P, Boršová K, Bourquia M, Bravo-Barriga D, Čabanová V, Caputo B, Christou M, Delacour S, Eritja R, Fassi-Fihri O, Ferraguti M, Flacio E, Frontera E, Fuehrer HP, García-Pérez AL, Georgiades P, Gewehr S, Goiri F, González MA, Gschwind M, Gutiérrez-López R, Horváth C, Ibáñez-Justicia A, Jani V, Kadriaj P, Kalan K, Kavran M, Klobucar A, Kurucz K, Lucientes J, Lühken R, Magallanes S, Marini G, Martinou AF, Michelutti A, Mihalca AD, Montalvo T, Montarsi F, Mourelatos S, Muja-Bajraktari N, Müller P, Notarides G, Osório HC, Oteo JA, Oter K, Pajović I, Palmer JRB, Petrinic S, Răileanu C, Ries C, Rogozi E, Ruiz-Arrondo I, Sanpera-Calbet I, Sekulić N, Sevim K, Sherifi K, Silaghi C, Silva M, Sokolovska N, Soltész Z, Sulesco T, Šušnjar J, Teekema S, Valsecchi A, Vasquez MI, Velo E, Michaelakis A, Wint W, Petrić D, Schaffner F, della Torre A. AIMSurv: First pan-European harmonized surveillance of Aedes invasive mosquito species of relevance for human vector-borne diseases. GIGABYTE 2022; 2022:gigabyte57. [PMID: 36824512 PMCID: PMC9930523 DOI: 10.46471/gigabyte.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Human and animal vector-borne diseases, particularly mosquito-borne diseases, are emerging or re-emerging worldwide. Six Aedes invasive mosquito (AIM) species were introduced to Europe since the 1970s: Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Ae. japonicus, Ae. koreicus, Ae. atropalpus and Ae. triseriatus. Here, we report the results of AIMSurv2020, the first pan-European surveillance effort for AIMs. Implemented by 42 volunteer teams from 24 countries. And presented in the form of a dataset named "AIMSurv Aedes Invasive Mosquito species harmonized surveillance in Europe. AIM-COST Action. Project ID: CA17108". AIMSurv2020 harmonizes field surveillance methodologies for sampling different AIMs life stages, frequency and minimum length of sampling period, and data reporting. Data include minimum requirements for sample types and recommended requirements for those teams with more resources. Data are published as a Darwin Core archive in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility- Spain, comprising a core file with 19,130 records (EventID) and an occurrences file with 19,743 records (OccurrenceID). AIM species recorded in AIMSurv2020 were Ae. albopictus, Ae. japonicus and Ae. koreicus, as well as native mosquito species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel Miranda
- Applied Zoology and Animal Conservation Group, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Carlos Barceló
- Applied Zoology and Animal Conservation Group, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Daniele Arnoldi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Xenia Augsten
- Kommunale Aktionsgemeinschaft zur Bekämpfung der Schnakenplage (KABS) e.V. Georg-Peter-Süß-Str. 3, 67346 Speyer, Germany
| | - Karin Bakran-Lebl
- Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Division for Public Health, Währinger Strasse 25a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - George Balatsos
- Laboratory of Insects & Parasites of Medical Importance, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, St. Delta 8, Kifisia 14561, Athens, Greece
| | - Mikel Bengoa
- Anticimex Spain, Carrer Jesús Serra Santamans 5 Planta 3, 08174 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philippe Bindler
- Brigade Verte du Haut-Rhin, Service démoustication, 92 rue Mal. de Lattre de Tassigny, 68360 Soultz, France
| | - Kristina Boršová
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Maria Bourquia
- Agronomic and Veterinary Institute Hassan II, BP 6202, Rabat-Instituts 10100, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Daniel Bravo-Barriga
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Viktória Čabanová
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Beniamino Caputo
- Dep. Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Christou
- Environmental Predictions Department, Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, 20 Konstantinou Kavafi Street, 2121 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Sarah Delacour
- Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Zaragoza, University of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Roger Eritja
- Consell Comarcal del Baix Llobregat, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Martina Ferraguti
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura Av. de Elvas, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Eleonora Flacio
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Institute of Microbiology, Vector Ecology Unit, Via Flora Ruchat-Roncati 15, 6850 Mendrisio, Switzerland
| | - Eva Frontera
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Ana L. García-Pérez
- NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Berreaga 1, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Pantelis Georgiades
- Environmental Predictions Department, Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, 20 Konstantinou Kavafi Street, 2121 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Sandra Gewehr
- Ecodevelopment S.A., PO Box 2420, Thesi Mezaria, 57010 Filyro, Greece
| | - Fátima Goiri
- NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Berreaga 1, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Martin Gschwind
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Universität Basel, Petersplatz 1, P.O. Box CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rafael Gutiérrez-López
- Applied Zoology and Animal Conservation Group, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Cintia Horváth
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adolfo Ibáñez-Justicia
- Centre for Monitoring of Vectors, National Reference Centre, Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Geertjesweg 15, 6706 EA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Viola Jani
- Vectors’ Control Unit, Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases Department, Institute of Public Health, Rruga Aleksander Moisiu 80, Tirana, Albania
| | - Përparim Kadriaj
- Vectors’ Control Unit, Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases Department, Institute of Public Health, Rruga Aleksander Moisiu 80, Tirana, Albania
| | - Katja Kalan
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška ulica 8, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
| | - Mihaela Kavran
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Laboratory for Medical and Veterinary Entomology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21 000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ana Klobucar
- Andrija Stampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Mirogojska c. 16, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Javier Lucientes
- Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Zaragoza, University of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Renke Lühken
- Bernhard Nocht Institute of Tropical Medicine, Department of Arbovirology, Hamburg, Bernhard-Nocht-Straße 74, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sergio Magallanes
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura Av. de Elvas, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Giovanni Marini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy
| | | | - Alice Michelutti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università 10, 35020 Legnaro (Padua), Italy
| | - Andrei Daniel Mihalca
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Tomás Montalvo
- Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona, Plaça Lesseps 8 entresol, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Montarsi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università 10, 35020 Legnaro (Padua), Italy
| | - Spiros Mourelatos
- Ecodevelopment S.A., PO Box 2420, Thesi Mezaria, 57010 Filyro, Greece
| | - Nesade Muja-Bajraktari
- Departament of Biology, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, University of Prishtina, Str. Eqrem Qabej 9, Pristina, Republic of Kosovo
| | - Pie Müller
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Universität Basel, Petersplatz 1, P.O. Box CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gregoris Notarides
- Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Archiepiskopou Kyprianou 30, Limassol 3036, Cyprus
| | - Hugo Costa Osório
- National Institute of Health/ Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José A. Oteo
- Center for Rickettsiosis and Arthropod-Borne Diseases, Hospital Universitario San Pedro-CIBIR, C/Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Kerem Oter
- Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Parasitology, Buyukcekmece Yerleskesi, Alkent 2000 Mah, Yigitturk Cad. 5/9/1, 34500 Buyukcekmece, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Igor Pajović
- University of Montenegro. Biotechnical Faculty, Mihaila Lalića 15, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - John R. B. Palmer
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra - Mosquito Alert, C/Ramon Trias Fargas, 25-27. 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Suncica Petrinic
- Andrija Stampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Mirogojska c. 16, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Cristian Răileanu
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald Isle of Riems, Germany
| | - Christian Ries
- Luxembourg National Museum of Natural History, Rue Münster 25, L-2160, Luxembourg
| | - Elton Rogozi
- Vectors’ Control Unit, Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases Department, Institute of Public Health, Rruga Aleksander Moisiu 80, Tirana, Albania
| | - Ignacio Ruiz-Arrondo
- Center for Rickettsiosis and Arthropod-Borne Diseases, Hospital Universitario San Pedro-CIBIR, C/Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Isis Sanpera-Calbet
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra - Mosquito Alert, C/Ramon Trias Fargas, 25-27. 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nebojša Sekulić
- Institute for Public Health of Montenegro, bb John Jackson Street, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Kivanc Sevim
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ecology Section, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kurtesh Sherifi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University Hasan Prishtina, M546+72H, Prishtinë, Republic of Kosovo
| | - Cornelia Silaghi
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald Isle of Riems, Germany
| | - Manuel Silva
- National Institute of Health/ Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nikolina Sokolovska
- PHI Center for Public Health-Skopje, blv.3rd Macedonian brigade 18, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Zoltán Soltész
- Centre for Ecological Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Alkotmány út 2-4, 2163 Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Tatiana Sulesco
- Institute of Zoology, Ministry of Education and Research st. Academiei 1, Chisinau MD-2028, Republic of Moldova
| | - Jana Šušnjar
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška ulica 8, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
| | - Steffanie Teekema
- Centre for Monitoring of Vectors, National Reference Centre, Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Geertjesweg 15, 6706 EA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Valsecchi
- Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona, Plaça Lesseps 8 entresol, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marlen Ines Vasquez
- Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Archiepiskopou Kyprianou 30, Limassol 3036, Cyprus
| | - Enkelejda Velo
- Institute of Public Health, Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases Department, Vectors’ Control Unit, Rruga Aleksander Moisiu, No. 80, Tirana, Albania
| | - Antonios Michaelakis
- Laboratory of Insects & Parasites of Medical Importance, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, St. Delta 8, Kifisia 14561, Athens, Greece
| | - William Wint
- Environmental Research Group Oxford, c/o Department of Zoology, Mansfiled Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Dušan Petrić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Laboratory for Medical and Veterinary Entomology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21 000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Francis Schaffner
- Francis Schaffner Consultancy, Lörracherstrasse 50, 4125 Riehen, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra della Torre
- Dep. Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
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27
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Zettle M, Anderson E, LaDeau SL. Changes in Container-Breeding Mosquito Diversity and Abundance Along an Urbanization Gradient are Associated With Dominance of Arboviral Vectors. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:843-854. [PMID: 35388898 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental conditions associated with urbanization are likely to influence the composition and abundance of mosquito (Diptera, Culicidae) assemblages through effects on juvenile stages, with important consequences for human disease risk. We present six years (2011-2016) of weekly juvenile mosquito data from distributed standardized ovitraps and evaluate how variation in impervious cover and temperature affect the composition and abundance of container-breeding mosquito species in Maryland, USA. Species richness and evenness were lowest at sites with high impervious cover (>60% in 100-m buffer). However, peak diversity was recorded at sites with intermediate impervious cover (28-35%). Four species were observed at all sites, including two recent invasives (Aedes albopictus Skuse, Ae. japonicus Theobald), an established resident (Culex pipiens L), and one native (Cx. restuans Theobald). All four are viral vectors in zoonotic or human transmission cycles. Temperature was a positive predictor of weekly larval abundance during the growing season for each species, as well as a positive predictor of rapid pupal development. Despite being observed at all sites, each species responded differently to impervious cover. Abundance of Ae. albopictus larvae was positively associated with impervious cover, emphasizing that this medically-important vector not only persists in the warmer, impervious urban landscape but is positively associated with it. Positive temperature effects in our models of larval abundance and pupae occurrence in container habitats suggest that these four vector species are likely to continue to be present and abundant in temperate cities under future temperature scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- MyKenna Zettle
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Elsa Anderson
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545, USA
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Farquhar MR, Thrun NB, Tucker BJ, Bartholomay LC. Outbreak Investigation: Jamestown Canyon Virus Surveillance in Field-Collected Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) From Wisconsin, USA, 2018-2019. Front Public Health 2022; 10:818204. [PMID: 35530736 PMCID: PMC9068969 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.818204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the summers of 2017–2019, 60 human cases of Jamestown Canyon virus-associated disease were reported in the State of Wisconsin, U.S.A; by comparison, there were 28 cases in the 5 years prior. Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV, Peribunyaviridae: Orthobunyavirus) is a zoonotic, mosquito-borne virus that is endemic throughout North America. The proposed transmission cycle for JCV involves horizontal transmission by a variety of mammal-feeding mosquito species and deer hosts, and transseasonal maintenance by vertical transmission in Aedes mosquito species. Although some of the earliest work on JCV transmission and disease was done in Wisconsin (WI), little is known about the spectrum of mosquitoes that are currently involved in transmission and maintenance of JCV, which is key to inform the approach to control and prevent JCV transmission, and to understand why case numbers have increased dramatically in recent years. Therefore, we undertook an intensive surveillance effort in Sawyer and Washburn counties, WI between April and August of 2018 and 2019, in an area with a concentration of JCV human cases. Larval and adult stages of mosquitoes were surveyed using larval dippers and emergence traps, light traps, resting boxes, a Shannon-style trap, and backpack aspirator. In total, 14,949 mosquitoes were collected in 2018, and 28,056 in 2019; these specimens represent 26 species in 7 genera. Suspect vector species were tested for JCV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); of 23 species that were tested, only Aedes provocans yielded JCV positive results. In 2018, a single pool of Ae. provocans tested positive. In 2019, with more focused early season surveillance, we detected JCV in 4 pools of adult mosquitoes, and one pool that consisted of lab-raised adults that were collected as larvae. Material from all of these PCR-positive samples also yielded infectious virus in cell culture. Overall, these data provide new insight into the seasonality and habitat preferences for 26 mosquito species in Northern WI, which will be useful to inform future surveillance efforts for JCV. The results underscore the importance of Ae. provocans as a vector species involved in transseasonal maintenance of JCV in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa R Farquhar
- Midwest Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Disease, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Pathobiological Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Nicholas B Thrun
- Midwest Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Disease, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Pathobiological Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Bradley J Tucker
- Midwest Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Disease, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Lyric C Bartholomay
- Midwest Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Disease, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Pathobiological Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Rakotoarinia MR, Blanchet FG, Gravel D, Lapen DR, Leighton PA, Ogden NH, Ludwig A. Effects of land use and weather on the presence and abundance of mosquito-borne disease vectors in a urban and agricultural landscape in Eastern Ontario, Canada. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262376. [PMID: 35271575 PMCID: PMC8912203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Weather and land use can significantly impact mosquito abundance and presence, and by consequence, mosquito-borne disease (MBD) dynamics. Knowledge of vector ecology and mosquito species response to these drivers will help us better predict risk from MBD. In this study, we evaluated and compared the independent and combined effects of weather and land use on mosquito species occurrence and abundance in Eastern Ontario, Canada. Data on occurrence and abundance (245,591 individuals) of 30 mosquito species were obtained from mosquito capture at 85 field sites in 2017 and 2018. Environmental variables were extracted from weather and land use datasets in a 1-km buffer around trapping sites. The relative importance of weather and land use on mosquito abundance (for common species) or occurrence (for all species) was evaluated using multivariate hierarchical statistical models. Models incorporating both weather and land use performed better than models that include weather only for approximately half of species (59% for occurrence model and 50% for abundance model). Mosquito occurrence was mainly associated with temperature whereas abundance was associated with precipitation and temperature combined. Land use was more often associated with abundance than occurrence. For most species, occurrence and abundance were positively associated with forest cover but for some there was a negative association. Occurrence and abundance of some species (47% for occurrence model and 88% for abundance model) were positively associated with wetlands, but negatively associated with urban (Culiseta melanura and Anopheles walkeri) and agriculture (An. quadrimaculatus, Cs. minnesotae and An. walkeri) environments. This study provides predictive relationships between weather, land use and mosquito occurrence and abundance for a wide range of species including those that are currently uncommon, yet known as arboviruses vectors. Elucidation of these relationships has the potential to contribute to better prediction of MBD risk, and thus more efficiently targeted prevention and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miarisoa Rindra Rakotoarinia
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - F. Guillaume Blanchet
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Département de Mathématique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Département des Sciences de la Santé Communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Dominique Gravel
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - David R. Lapen
- Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Center, Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Patrick A. Leighton
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicholas H. Ogden
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Public Health Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, St-Hyacinthe, Canada
| | - Antoinette Ludwig
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Public Health Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, St-Hyacinthe, Canada
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Van den Eynde C, Sohier C, Matthijs S, De Regge N. Japanese Encephalitis Virus Interaction with Mosquitoes: A Review of Vector Competence, Vector Capacity and Mosquito Immunity. Pathogens 2022; 11:317. [PMID: 35335641 PMCID: PMC8953304 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11030317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic flavivirus and a major cause of human viral encephalitis in Asia. We provide an overview of the knowledge on vector competence, vector capacity, and immunity of mosquitoes in relation to JEV. JEV has so far been detected in more than 30 mosquito species. This does not necessarily mean that these species contribute to JEV transmission under field conditions. Therefore, vector capacity, which considers vector competence, as well as environmental, behavioral, cellular, and biochemical variables, needs to be taken into account. Currently, 17 species can be considered as confirmed vectors for JEV and 10 other species as potential vectors. Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex annulirostris are considered primary JEV vectors in endemic regions. Culex pipiens and Aedes japonicus could be considered as potentially important vectors in the case of JEV introduction in new regions. Vector competence is determined by various factors, including vector immunity. The available knowledge on physical and physiological barriers, molecular pathways, antimicrobial peptides, and microbiome is discussed in detail. This review highlights that much remains to be studied about vector immunity against JEV in order to identify novel strategies to reduce JEV transmission by mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Van den Eynde
- Exotic Viruses and Particular Diseases, Sciensano, Groeselenberg 99, 1180 Brussels, Belgium; (C.S.); (N.D.R.)
| | - Charlotte Sohier
- Exotic Viruses and Particular Diseases, Sciensano, Groeselenberg 99, 1180 Brussels, Belgium; (C.S.); (N.D.R.)
| | - Severine Matthijs
- Enzootic, Vector-Borne and Bee Diseases, Sciensano, Groeselenberg 99, 1180 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Nick De Regge
- Exotic Viruses and Particular Diseases, Sciensano, Groeselenberg 99, 1180 Brussels, Belgium; (C.S.); (N.D.R.)
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Ziegler R, Blanckenhorn WU, Mathis A, Verhulst NO. Video analysis of the locomotory behaviour of Aedes aegypti and Ae. japonicus mosquitoes under different temperature regimes in a laboratory setting. J Therm Biol 2022; 105:103205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Little EAH, Hutchinson ML, Price KJ, Marini A, Shepard JJ, Molaei G. Spatiotemporal distribution, abundance, and host interactions of two invasive vectors of arboviruses, Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus, in Pennsylvania, USA. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:36. [PMID: 35073977 PMCID: PMC8785538 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05151-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus, two invasive mosquito species in the United States, are implicated in the transmission of arboviruses. Studies have shown interactions of these two mosquito species with a variety of vertebrate hosts; however, regional differences exist and may influence their contribution to arbovirus transmission. Methods We investigated the distribution, abundance, host interactions, and West Nile virus infection prevalence of Ae. albopictus and Ae. japonicus by examining Pennsylvania mosquito and arbovirus surveillance data for the period between 2010 and 2018. Mosquitoes were primarily collected using gravid traps and BG-Sentinel traps, and sources of blood meals were determined by analyzing mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences amplified in PCR assays. Results A total of 10,878,727 female mosquitoes representing 51 species were collected in Pennsylvania over the 9-year study period, with Ae. albopictus and Ae. japonicus representing 4.06% and 3.02% of all collected mosquitoes, respectively. Aedes albopictus was distributed in 39 counties and Ae. japonicus in all 67 counties, and the abundance of these species increased between 2010 and 2018. Models suggested an increase in the spatial extent of Ae. albopictus during the study period, while that of Ae. japonicus remained unchanged. We found a differential association between the abundance of the two mosquito species and environmental conditions, percent development, and median household income. Of 110 Ae. albopictus and 97 Ae. japonicus blood meals successfully identified to species level, 98% and 100% were derived from mammalian hosts, respectively. Among 12 mammalian species, domestic cats, humans, and white-tailed deer served as the most frequent hosts for the two mosquito species. A limited number of Ae. albopictus acquired blood meals from avian hosts solely or in mixed blood meals. West Nile virus was detected in 31 pools (n = 3582 total number of pools) of Ae. albopictus and 12 pools (n = 977 total pools) of Ae. japonicus. Conclusions Extensive distribution, high abundance, and frequent interactions with mammalian hosts suggest potential involvement of Ae. albopictus and Ae. japonicus in the transmission of human arboviruses including Cache Valley, Jamestown Canyon, La Crosse, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika should any of these viruses become prevalent in Pennsylvania. Limited interaction with avian hosts suggests that Ae. albopictus might occasionally be involved in transmission of arboviruses such as West Nile in the region. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05151-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza A H Little
- Department of Entomology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.,Center for Vector Biology and Zoonotic Diseases and Northeast Regional Center for Excellence in Vector-Borne Diseases, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Michael L Hutchinson
- Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, 2301 North Cameron Street, Harrisburg, PA, 17110, USA.,Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, 400 Market Street, Harrisburg, PA, 17101, USA
| | - Keith J Price
- Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, 400 Market Street, Harrisburg, PA, 17101, USA
| | - Alyssa Marini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - John J Shepard
- Center for Vector Biology and Zoonotic Diseases and Northeast Regional Center for Excellence in Vector-Borne Diseases, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.,Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Goudarz Molaei
- Center for Vector Biology and Zoonotic Diseases and Northeast Regional Center for Excellence in Vector-Borne Diseases, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA. .,Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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Fryzlewicz L, VanWinkle A, Lahondère C. Development of an Attractive Toxic Sugar Bait for the Control of Aedes j. japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:308-313. [PMID: 34487519 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Both female and male mosquitoes consume sugar meals to obtain carbohydrates used for energy. This behavior has recently been identified as a possible mosquito control target, as the World Health Organization has urged for the development of integrated vector management. This is critical as many medically important mosquito species are developing insecticide resistance, resulting in current control strategies becoming less effective. Additionally, the traditional use of insecticides is detrimental to many beneficial insects such as pollinators. The main goal of this study was to develop an attractive toxic sugar bait (ATSB) to limit the populations of a local invasive mosquito, Aedes j. japonicus (Theobald) (Diptera: Culicidae). An ATSB is a lure bait composed of an attractant odorant, a toxic component, and sugar that the mosquitoes can feed on. ATSBs are cost-effective, sustainable, environmentally friendly, and can be species-specific. Mosquitoes were isolated into cages or cups and each group had access to either a toxic sugar solution (containing boric acid), a control solution or a choice between the two. We tested multiple fruits, including mango, peach, blueberries, and blackberries, as well as a soda and grape juice and monitored their survival for 96 h. We found that this species fed on all tested fruit solutions and that the groups that imbibed toxic solutions died within 48 h, indicating that boric acid is an effective oral toxin against Ae. j. japonicus. Further experiments will be conducted in the field to determine the ATSBs efficacy and to monitor potential effects on off-target species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Fryzlewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Ashlynn VanWinkle
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Chloé Lahondère
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- The Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- The Global Change Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Center of Emerging, Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Outammassine A, Zouhair S, Loqman S. Global potential distribution of three underappreciated arboviruses vectors (Aedes japonicus, Aedes vexans and Aedes vittatus) under current and future climate conditions. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:e1160-e1171. [PMID: 34821477 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) are expanding their geographic range, posing significant health threats to millions of people worldwide. This expansion is associated with efficient and suitable vector availability. Apart from the well-known Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus, other Aedes species may potentially promote the geographic spread of arboviruses because these viruses have similar vector requirements. Aedes japonicus, Ae. vexans and Ae. vittatus are a growing concern, given their potential and known vector competence for several arboviruses including dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. In the present study, we developed detailed maps of their global potential distributions under both current and future (2050) climate conditions, using an ecological niche modeling approach (Maxent). Under present-day conditions, Ae. japonicus and Ae. vexans have suitable areas in the northeastern United States, across Europe and in southeastern China, whereas the tropical regions of South America, Africa and Asia are more suitable for Ae. vittatus. Future scenarios anticipated range changes for the three species, with each expected to expand into new areas that are currently not suitable. By 2050, Ae. japonicus will have a broader potential distribution across much of Europe, the United States, western Russia and central Asia. Aedes vexans may be able to expand its range, especially in Libya, Egypt and southern Australia. For Ae. vittatus, future projections indicated areas at risk in sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East. As such, these species deserve as much attention as Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus when processing arboviruses risk assessments and our findings may help to better understand the potential distribution of each species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkrim Outammassine
- Laboratoire de Lutte contre les Maladies Infectieuses, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Said Zouhair
- Laboratoire de Lutte contre les Maladies Infectieuses, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.,Laboratory of Bacteriology-Virology, Avicienne Hospital Military, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Souad Loqman
- Laboratoire de Lutte contre les Maladies Infectieuses, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
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Čabanová V, Boršová K, Svitok M, Oboňa J, Svitková I, Barbušinová E, Derka T, Sláviková M, Klempa B. An unwanted companion reaches the country: the first record of the alien mosquito Aedes japonicus japonicus (Theobald, 1901) in Slovakia. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:572. [PMID: 34772447 PMCID: PMC8588666 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-05062-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive mosquitoes of the genus Aedes are quickly spreading around the world. The presence of these alien species is concerning for both their impact on the native biodiversity and their high vector competence. The surveillance of Aedes invasive mosquito (AIM) species is one of the most important steps in vector-borne disease control and prevention. METHODS In 2020, the monitoring of AIM species was conducted in five areas (Bratislava, Zvolen, Banská Bystrica, Prešov, Košice) of Slovakia. The sites were located at points of entry (border crossings with Austria and Hungary) and in the urban and rural zones of cities and their surroundings. Ovitraps were used at the majority of sites as a standard method of monitoring. The collected specimens were identified morphologically, with subsequent molecular identification by conventional PCR (cox1) and Sanger sequencing. The phylogenetic relatedness of the obtained sequences was inferred by the maximum likelihood (ML) method. The nucleotide heterogeneity of the Slovak sequences was analysed by the index of disparity. RESULTS A bush mosquito, Aedes japonicus japonicus, was found and confirmed by molecular methods in three geographically distant areas of Slovakia-Bratislava, Zvolen and Prešov. The presence of AIM species is also likely in Košice; however, the material was not subjected to molecular identification. The nucleotide sequences of some Slovak strains confirm their significant heterogeneity. They were placed in several clusters on the ML phylogenetic tree. Moreover, Ae. j. japonicus was discovered in regions of Slovakia that are not close to a point of entry, where the mosquitoes could find favourable habitats in dendrothelms in city parks or forests. CONCLUSION Despite being a first record of the Ae. j. japonicus in Slovakia, our study indicates that the established populations already exist across the country, underlining the urgent need for intensified surveillance of AIM species as well as mosquito-borne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Čabanová
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Kristína Boršová
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marek Svitok
- Department of Biology and General Ecology, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia
- Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Oboňa
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, 17 Novembra č. 1, 081 16 Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Svitková
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Barbušinová
- Department of Breeding and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees, Ecology and Cynology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Derka
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Iľkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Monika Sláviková
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Boris Klempa
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Pyke AT, Shivas MA, Darbro JM, Onn MB, Johnson PH, Crunkhorn A, Montgomery I, Burtonclay P, Jansen CC, van den Hurk AF. Uncovering the genetic diversity within the Aedes notoscriptus virome and isolation of new viruses from this highly urbanised and invasive mosquito. Virus Evol 2021; 7:veab082. [PMID: 34712491 PMCID: PMC8546932 DOI: 10.1093/ve/veab082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Australian backyard mosquito, Aedes notoscriptus, is a highly urbanised pest species that has invaded New Zealand and the USA. Importantly, Ae. notoscriptus has been implicated as a vector of Ross River virus, a common and arthritogenic arbovirus in Australia, and is a laboratory vector of numerous other pathogenic viruses, including West Nile, yellow fever, and Zika viruses. To further explore live viruses harboured by field populations of Ae. notoscriptus and, more specifically, assess the genetic diversity of its virome, we processed 495 pools, comprising a total of 6,674 female Ae. notoscriptus collected across fifteen suburbs in Brisbane, Australia, between January 2018 and May 2019. Nine virus isolates were recovered and characterised by metagenomic sequencing and phylogenetics. The principal viral family represented was Flaviviridae. Known viruses belonging to the genera Flavivirus, Orbivirus, Mesonivirus, and Nelorpivirus were identified together with two novel virus species, including a divergent Thogoto-like orthomyxovirus and an insect-specific flavivirus. Among these, we recovered three Stratford virus (STRV) isolates and an isolate of Wongorr virus (WGRV), which for these viral species is unprecedented for the geographical area of Brisbane. Thus, the documented geographical distribution of STRV and WGRV, both known for their respective medical and veterinary importance, has now been expanded to include this major urban centre. Phylogenies of the remaining five viruses, namely, Casuarina, Ngewotan, the novel Thogoto-like virus, and two new flavivirus species, suggested they are insect-specific viruses. None of these viruses have been previously associated with Ae. notoscriptus or been reported in Brisbane. These findings exemplify the rich genetic diversity and viral abundance within the Ae. notoscriptus virome and further highlight this species as a vector of concern with the potential to transmit viruses impacting human or animal health. Considering it is a common pest and vector in residential areas and is expanding its global distribution, ongoing surveillance, and ecological study of Ae. notoscriptus, together with mapping of its virome and phenotypic characterisation of isolated viruses, is clearly warranted. Immanently, these initiatives are essential for future understanding of both the mosquito virome and the evolution of individual viral species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa T Pyke
- Department of Health, Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Government, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia
| | - Martin A Shivas
- Brisbane City Council, 20 Tradecoast Drive, Eagle Farm, Brisbane, QLD 4009, Australia
| | | | - Michael B Onn
- Brisbane City Council, 20 Tradecoast Drive, Eagle Farm, Brisbane, QLD 4009, Australia
| | | | - Andrew Crunkhorn
- Metro North Public Health Unit, Queensland Health, Bryden Street, Windsor, QLD 4030, Australia
| | - Ivan Montgomery
- Brisbane City Council, 20 Tradecoast Drive, Eagle Farm, Brisbane, QLD 4009, Australia
| | | | - Cassie C Jansen
- Communicable Diseases Branch, Queensland Health, 15 Butterfield Street, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Andrew F van den Hurk
- Department of Health, Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Government, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia
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Couper LI, Farner JE, Caldwell JM, Childs ML, Harris MJ, Kirk DG, Nova N, Shocket M, Skinner EB, Uricchio LH, Exposito-Alonso M, Mordecai EA. How will mosquitoes adapt to climate warming? eLife 2021; 10:69630. [PMID: 34402424 PMCID: PMC8370766 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential for adaptive evolution to enable species persistence under a changing climate is one of the most important questions for understanding impacts of future climate change. Climate adaptation may be particularly likely for short-lived ectotherms, including many pest, pathogen, and vector species. For these taxa, estimating climate adaptive potential is critical for accurate predictive modeling and public health preparedness. Here, we demonstrate how a simple theoretical framework used in conservation biology-evolutionary rescue models-can be used to investigate the potential for climate adaptation in these taxa, using mosquito thermal adaptation as a focal case. Synthesizing current evidence, we find that short mosquito generation times, high population growth rates, and strong temperature-imposed selection favor thermal adaptation. However, knowledge gaps about the extent of phenotypic and genotypic variation in thermal tolerance within mosquito populations, the environmental sensitivity of selection, and the role of phenotypic plasticity constrain our ability to make more precise estimates. We describe how common garden and selection experiments can be used to fill these data gaps. Lastly, we investigate the consequences of mosquito climate adaptation on disease transmission using Aedes aegypti-transmitted dengue virus in Northern Brazil as a case study. The approach outlined here can be applied to any disease vector or pest species and type of environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa I Couper
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | | | - Jamie M Caldwell
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, United States
| | - Marissa L Childs
- Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | - Mallory J Harris
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | - Devin G Kirk
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States.,Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nicole Nova
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | - Marta Shocket
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Eloise B Skinner
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States.,Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lawrence H Uricchio
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Moises Exposito-Alonso
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States.,Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, United States
| | - Erin A Mordecai
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
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Lowe AM, Forest-Bérard K, Trudel R, Lo E, Gamache P, Tandonnet M, Kotchi SO, Leighton P, Dibernardo A, Lindsay R, Ludwig A. Mosquitoes Know No Borders: Surveillance of Potential Introduction of Aedes Species in Southern Québec, Canada. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10080998. [PMID: 34451462 PMCID: PMC8400959 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10080998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Current climatic conditions limit the distribution of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, Diptera: Culicidae) in the north, but predictive climate models suggest this species could establish itself in southern Canada by 2040. A vector of chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, Zika and West Nile viruses, the Ae. Albopictus has been detected in Windsor, Ontario since 2016. Given the potential public health implications, and knowing that Aedes spp. can easily be introduced by ground transportation, this study aimed to determine if specimens could be detected, using an adequate methodology, in southern Québec. Mosquitoes were sampled in 2016 and 2017 along the main roads connecting Canada and the U.S., using Biogent traps (Sentinel-2, Gravide Aedes traps) and ovitraps. Overall, 24 mosquito spp. were captured, excluding Ae. Albopictus, but detecting one Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Skuse) specimen (laid eggs). The most frequent species among captured adults were Ochlerotatus triseriatus, Culex pipiens complex, and Ochlerotatus japonicus (31.0%, 26.0%, and 17.3%, respectively). The present study adds to the increasing number of studies reporting on the range expansions of these mosquito species, and suggests that ongoing monitoring, using multiple capture techniques targeting a wide range of species, may provide useful information to public health with respect to the growing risk of emerging mosquito-borne diseases in southern Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Lowe
- Direction des Risques Biologiques et de la Santé au Travail, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 190 Boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada; (A.-M.L.); (R.T.)
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (S.-O.K.); (P.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Karl Forest-Bérard
- Direction des Risques Biologiques et de la Santé au Travail, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 190 Boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada; (A.-M.L.); (R.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Richard Trudel
- Direction des Risques Biologiques et de la Santé au Travail, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 190 Boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada; (A.-M.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Ernest Lo
- Bureau D’information et D’études en Santé des Populations, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 190 Boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada; (E.L.); (P.G.); (M.T.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Ave. West, Montréal, QC H3A 1A2, Canada
| | - Philippe Gamache
- Bureau D’information et D’études en Santé des Populations, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 190 Boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada; (E.L.); (P.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Matthieu Tandonnet
- Bureau D’information et D’études en Santé des Populations, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 190 Boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada; (E.L.); (P.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Serge-Olivier Kotchi
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (S.-O.K.); (P.L.); (A.L.)
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Patrick Leighton
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (S.-O.K.); (P.L.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Antonia Dibernardo
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, 1015 Arlington St., Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada; (A.D.); (R.L.)
| | - Robbin Lindsay
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, 1015 Arlington St., Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada; (A.D.); (R.L.)
| | - Antoinette Ludwig
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (S.-O.K.); (P.L.); (A.L.)
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
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Kondapaneni R, Malcolm AN, Vazquez BM, Zeng E, Chen TY, Kosinski KJ, Romero-Weaver AL, Giordano BV, Allen B, Riles MT, Killingsworth D, Campbell LP, Caragata EP, Lee Y. Mosquito Control Priorities in Florida-Survey Results from Florida Mosquito Control Districts. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10080947. [PMID: 34451411 PMCID: PMC8401384 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10080947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Florida lies within a subtropical region where the climate allows diverse mosquito species including invasive species to thrive year-round. As of 2021, there are currently 66 state-approved Florida Mosquito Control Districts, which are major stakeholders for Florida public universities engaged in mosquito research. Florida is one of the few states with extensive organized mosquito control programs. The Florida State Government and Florida Mosquito Control Districts have long histories of collaboration with research institutions. During fall 2020, we carried out a survey to collect baseline data on the current control priorities from Florida Mosquito Control Districts relating to (1) priority control species, (2) common adult and larval control methods, and (3) major research questions to address that will improve their control and surveillance programs. The survey data showed that a total of 17 distinct mosquito species were considered to be priority control targets, with many of these species being understudied. The most common control approaches included truck-mounted ultra-low-volume adulticiding and biopesticide-based larviciding. The districts held interest in diverse research questions, with many prioritizing studies on basic science questions to help develop evidence-based control strategies. Our data highlight the fact that mosquito control approaches and priorities differ greatly between districts and provide an important point of comparison for other regions investing in mosquito control, particularly those with similar ecological settings, and great diversity of potential mosquito vectors, such as in Florida. Our findings highlight a need for greater alignment of research priorities between mosquito control and mosquito research. In particular, we note a need to prioritize filling knowledge gaps relating to understudied mosquito species that have been implicated in arbovirus transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Kondapaneni
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Ashley N. Malcolm
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Brian M. Vazquez
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Eric Zeng
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Tse-Yu Chen
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Kyle J. Kosinski
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Ana L. Romero-Weaver
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Bryan V. Giordano
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Benjamin Allen
- Mosquito Control Division, City of Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL 32202, USA;
| | - Michael T. Riles
- Beach Mosquito Control District, Panama City Beach, FL 32413, USA;
| | | | - Lindsay P. Campbell
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Eric P. Caragata
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Zika Virus Potential Vectors among Aedes Mosquitoes from Hokkaido, Northern Japan: Implications for Potential Emergence of Zika Disease. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10080938. [PMID: 34451402 PMCID: PMC8399329 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10080938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a rapidly expanding mosquito-borne virus that causes febrile illness in humans. Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are the primary ZIKV vectors; however, the potential vector competence of other Aedes mosquitoes distributed in northern Japan (Palearctic ecozone) are not yet known. In this study, the susceptibility to Zika virus infection of three Aedes mosquitoes distributed in the main city of the northern Japan and their capacities as vectors for ZIKV were evaluated. Field-collected mosquitoes were fed ad libitum an infectious blood meal containing the ZIKV PRVABC59. The Zika virus was detected in the abdomen of Ae. galloisi and Ae. japonicus at 2–10 days post infection (PI), and from the thorax and head of Ae. galloisi at 10 days PI, resulting in 17.6% and 5.9% infection rates, respectively. The Zika virus was not detected from Ae. punctor at any time. Some northern Japanese Aedes could be suspected as vectors of ZIKV but the risk may be low when compared with major ZIKV vectors.
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Bušić N, Kučinić M, Merdić E, Bruvo-Mađarić B. Diversity of mosquito fauna (Diptera, Culicidae) in higher-altitude regions of Croatia. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2021; 46:65-75. [PMID: 35229583 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change and the accompanying rise in temperature could affect the biology and ecology of a number of vectors, including mosquitoes. High altitude areas that were previously unsuitable for the spread of mosquito vector populations could become suitable. The aim of this research was to study the distribution of mosquito species in higher altitude regions of Croatia. Samples were collected in three areas: Slavonian Mountains, Gorski Kotar, and Middle Velebit. Specimens were morphologically determined and confirmed by DNA barcoding and other genetic markers and showed the presence of 16 species belonging to six genera. The most abundant species were the Culex pipiens complex with 50% of the collected specimens. Both pipiens (Linnaeus, 1758) and molestus (Forskal, 1775) biotypes and their hybrids were identified within the complex, followed by Culex torrentium (Martini, 1925) (20.2%), Culiseta longiareolata (Macquart, 1838) (8.5%), and the invasive species Aedes japonicus (Theobald, 1901) (7.8% of the total number of collected specimens). The remaining 12 species made up 14.7% of the collected specimens. Intraspecific COI p-distances were within the standard barcoding threshold for OTUs, while interspecific genetic distances were much higher, confirming the existence of barcoding gaps. Mosquito fauna of Croatian mountains showed a moderate variety and made 30.8% of the total number of recorded mosquito species in Croatia thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Bušić
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mladen Kučinić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Enrih Merdić
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Osijek, Croatia
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Krupa E, Henon N, Mathieu B. Diapause characterisation and seasonality of Aedes japonicus japonicus (Diptera, Culicidae) in the northeast of France. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:45. [PMID: 34037519 PMCID: PMC8152802 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2021045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The invasive mosquito Aedes japonicus japonicus (Theobald, 1901) settled in 2013 in the Alsace region, in the northeast of France. In this temperate area, some mosquito species use diapause to survive cold winter temperatures and thereby foster settlement and dispersal. This study reports diapause and its seasonality in a field population of Ae. japonicus in the northeast of France. For two years, eggs were collected from May to the beginning of November. They were most abundant in summer and became sparse in late October. Diapause eggs were determined by the presence of a fully developed embryo in unhatched eggs after repeated immersions. Our study showed effective diapause of Ae. japonicus in this part of France. At the start of the egg-laying period (week 20), we found up to 10% of eggs under diapause, and this rate reached 100% in October. The 50% cut-off of diapause incidence was determined by the end of summer, leading to an average calculated maternal critical photoperiod of 13 h 23 min. Interestingly, diapause was shown to occur in part of the eggs even at the earliest period of the two seasons, i.e. in May of each year. Even though we observed that the size of eggs was positively correlated with diapause incidence, morphology cannot be used as the unique predictive indicator of diapause status due to overlapping measurements between diapausing and non-diapausing eggs. This study provides new knowledge on diapause characterisation and invasive traits of Ae. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Krupa
- Université de Strasbourg, DIHP Dynamique des Interactions Hôte Pathogène UR 7292, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Henon
- Université de Strasbourg, DIHP Dynamique des Interactions Hôte Pathogène UR 7292, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bruno Mathieu
- Université de Strasbourg, DIHP Dynamique des Interactions Hôte Pathogène UR 7292, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Juma EO, Allan BF, Kim CH, Stone C, Dunlap C, Muturi EJ. The larval environment strongly influences the bacterial communities of Aedes triseriatus and Aedes japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae). Sci Rep 2021; 11:7910. [PMID: 33846445 PMCID: PMC8042029 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87017-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquito bacterial communities are essential in mosquito biology, and knowing the factors shaping these bacterial communities is critical to their application in mosquito-borne disease control. This study investigated how the larval environment influences the bacterial communities of larval stages of two container-dwelling mosquito species, Aedes triseriatus, and Aedes japonicus. Larval and water samples were collected from tree holes and used tires at two study sites, and their bacteria characterized through MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Bacterial richness was highest in Ae. japonicus, intermediate in Ae. triseriatus, and lowest in water samples. Dysgonomonas was the dominant bacterial taxa in Ae. triseriatus larvae; the unclassified Comamonadaceae was dominant in water samples from waste tires, while Mycobacterium and Carnobacterium, dominated Ae. japonicus. The two mosquito species harbored distinct bacterial communities that were different from those of the water samples. The bacterial communities also clustered by habitat type (used tires vs. tree holes) and study site. These findings demonstrate that host species, and the larval sampling environment are important determinants of a significant component of bacterial community composition and diversity in mosquito larvae and that the mosquito body may select for microbes that are generally rare in the larval environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah O Juma
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Brian F Allan
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Chang-Hyun Kim
- Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S. Oak St, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Christopher Stone
- Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S. Oak St, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Christopher Dunlap
- Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL, 61604, USA
| | - Ephantus J Muturi
- Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL, 61604, USA
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Horváth C, Cazan CD, Mihalca AD. Emergence of the invasive Asian bush mosquito, Aedes (Finlaya) japonicus japonicus, in an urban area, Romania. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:192. [PMID: 33827665 PMCID: PMC8024677 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04698-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A study conducted at the International Airport of Cluj-Napoca, Romania, with the aim of investigating the presence/absence of invasive Aedes mosquito species resulted in finding Aedes japonicus japonicus (Theobald 1901) eggs in one of the ovitraps placed on site. Methods The study was carried out between 30 June and 29 September 2020. On 24 August, 26 eggs were collected and later hatched at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca’s insectary. On 15 October another adult female Ae. japonicus was caught entering a building in the center of the city, about 7 km from the first sampling spot. Results The mosquitoes were identified morphologically and confirmed by molecular analysis, based on the genetic analysis of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI). Conclusion This is the first report of the species in Romania, highlighting the need for surveillance and implemented control methods. However, in Romania to our knowledge only Aedes albopictus has been established; further studies are required to learn about this new invasive species' status in Romania. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Horváth
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cristina Daniela Cazan
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,CDS-9, "Regele Mihai I al României" Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Daniel Mihalca
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Smitz N, De Wolf K, Deblauwe I, Kampen H, Schaffner F, De Witte J, Schneider A, Verlé I, Vanslembrouck A, Dekoninck W, Meganck K, Gombeer S, Vanderheyden A, De Meyer M, Backeljau T, Werner D, Müller R, Van Bortel W. Population genetic structure of the Asian bush mosquito, Aedes japonicus (Diptera, Culicidae), in Belgium suggests multiple introductions. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:179. [PMID: 33766104 PMCID: PMC7995749 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04676-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes japonicus japonicus has expanded beyond its native range and has established in multiple European countries, including Belgium. In addition to the population located at Natoye, Belgium, locally established since 2002, specimens were recently collected along the Belgian border. The first objective of this study was therefore to investigate the origin of these new introductions, which were assumed to be related to the expansion of the nearby population in western Germany. Also, an intensive elimination campaign was undertaken at Natoye between 2012 and 2015, after which the species was declared to be eradicated. This species was re-detected in 2017, and thus the second objective was to investigate if these specimens resulted from a new introduction event and/or from a few undetected specimens that escaped the elimination campaign. METHODS Population genetic variation at nad4 and seven microsatellite loci was surveyed in 224 and 68 specimens collected in Belgium and Germany, respectively. German samples were included as reference to investigate putative introduction source(s). At Natoye, 52 and 135 specimens were collected before and after the elimination campaign, respectively, to investigate temporal changes in the genetic composition and diversity. RESULTS At Natoye, the genotypic microsatellite make-up showed a clear difference before and after the elimination campaign. Also, the population after 2017 displayed an increased allelic richness and number of private alleles, indicative of new introduction(s). However, the Natoye population present before the elimination programme is believed to have survived at low density. At the Belgian border, clustering results suggest a relation with the western German population. Whether the introduction(s) occur via passive human-mediated ground transport or, alternatively, by natural spread cannot be determined yet from the dataset. CONCLUSION Further introductions within Belgium are expected to occur in the near future, especially along the eastern Belgian border, which is at the front of the invasion of Ae. japonicus towards the west. Our results also point to the complexity of controlling invasive species, since 4 years of intense control measures were found to be not completely successful at eliminating this exotic at Natoye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Smitz
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo & Biology Department), Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium.
| | - Katrien De Wolf
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Isra Deblauwe
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Helge Kampen
- Friedrich Loeffler Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | | | - Jacobus De Witte
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anna Schneider
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ingrid Verlé
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Adwine Vanslembrouck
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium.,Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service), Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wouter Dekoninck
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service), Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kenny Meganck
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo & Biology Department), Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Sophie Gombeer
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service), Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ann Vanderheyden
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service), Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc De Meyer
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo & Biology Department), Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Thierry Backeljau
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service), Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium.,Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Doreen Werner
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Ruth Müller
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Bortel
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium.,Outbreak Research Team, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
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Westby KM, Juliano SA, Medley KA. Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Has Not Become the Dominant Species in Artificial Container Habitats in a Temperate Forest More Than a Decade After Establishment. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:950-955. [PMID: 33073848 PMCID: PMC8244635 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) is one of the most invasive species globally, and has led to rapid declines and local extirpations of resident mosquitoes where it becomes established. A potential mechanism behind these displacements is the superior competitive ability of Ae. albopictus in larval habitats. Research on the context-dependent nature of competitive displacement predicts that Ae. albopictus will not replace native Aedes triseriatus (Say) (Diptera: Culicidae) in treeholes but could do so in artificial container habitats. Aedes albopictus remains rare in temperate treeholes but less is known about how Ae. albopictus fares in artificial containers in forests. Tyson Research Center (TRC) is a field station composed of mostly oak-hickory forest located outside Saint Louis, MO. The container community has been studied regularly at TRC since 2007 with permanently established artificial containers on the property since 2013. Aedes albopictus was detected each year when these communities were sampled; however, its abundance remains low and it fails to numerically dominate other species in these communities. We present data that show Ae. albopictus numbers have not increased in the last decade. We compare egg counts from 2007 to 2016 and combine larval sample data from 2012 to 2017.We present average larval densities and prevalence of Ae. albopictus and two competitors, Ae. triseriatus and Aedes japonicus (Theobald) (Diptera: Culicidae), as well as monthly averages by year. These data highlight a circumstance in which Ae. albopictus fails to dominate the Aedes community despite it doing so in more human-impacted habitats. We present hypotheses for these patterns based upon abiotic and biotic environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie M Westby
- Tyson Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, Eureka, MO
| | - Steven A Juliano
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL
| | - Kim A Medley
- Tyson Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, Eureka, MO
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Davidson AT, Hamman EA, McCoy MW, Vonesh JR. Asymmetrical effects of temperature on stage‐structured predator–prey interactions. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T. Davidson
- Department of Integrative Life Sciences Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA
| | | | - Michael W. McCoy
- Department of Biology Eastern Carolina University Greenville NC USA
| | - James R. Vonesh
- Center for Environmental Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA
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Webb CE, Porigneaux PG, Durrheim DN. Assessing the Risk of Exotic Mosquito Incursion through an International Seaport, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. Trop Med Infect Dis 2021; 6:25. [PMID: 33671150 PMCID: PMC8005993 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed6010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exotic mosquitoes, especially container-inhabiting species such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, pose a risk to Australia as they bring with them potentially significant pest and public health concerns. Notwithstanding the threat to public health and wellbeing, significant economic costs associated with the burden of mosquito control would fall to local authorities. Detection of these mosquitoes at airports and seaports has highlighted pathways of introduction but surveillance programs outside these first ports of entry are not routinely conducted in the majority of Australian cities. To assist local authorities to better prepare response plans for exotic mosquito incursions, an investigation was undertaken to determine the extent of habitats suitable for container-inhabiting mosquitoes in over 300 residential properties adjacent to the Port of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW. More than 1500 water-holding containers were recorded, most commonly pot plant saucers, roof gutters, and water-holding plants (e.g., bromeliads). There were significantly more containers identified for properties classified as untidy but there was no evidence visible that property characteristics could be used to prioritise property surveys in a strategic eradication response. The results demonstrate that there is potential for local establishment of exotic mosquitoes and that considerable effort would be required to adequately survey these environments for the purpose of surveillance and eradication programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron E. Webb
- Marie Bashir Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2006, Australia
- Medical Entomology, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | | | - David N. Durrheim
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia; (P.G.P.); (D.N.D.)
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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49
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Day CA, Armstrong EG, Byrd BD. Population Growth Rates of Aedes atropalpus (Diptera: Culicidae) Are Depressed at Lower Temperatures Where Aedes japonicus japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae) Are Naturally Abundant in Rock Pools. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:493-497. [PMID: 32865211 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies report extensive reductions in the abundance of the North American rock pool mosquito, Aedes atropalpus (Diptera: Culicidae), following the invasion of Ae. japonicus japonicus in the United States. Although developmental temperature is recognized as an important component of the invasion biology of Ae. j. japonicus, its impacts on the population growth and fitness of Ae. atropalpus remain largely undefined. In this study we reared Ae. atropalpus larvae at three temperature ranges reflecting ecologically important temperatures in natural rock pools: a low temperature range (mean: 19°C) where Ae. j. japonicus is common and Ae. atropalpus is often rare, a middle temperature range (mean: 25°C) where both species are naturally found in similar relative abundances, and a higher temperature range (mean: 31°C) where Ae. atropalpus is the dominant species. We measured survival, development time, wing length, and fecundity to calculate a finite population growth rate at each temperature. Our results indicate that Ae. atropalpus population growth suffers in colder rock pools, which informs the perceived displacement of the species in temperate habitats. The population growth rate was highest in the middle temperature range, but not significantly higher than in the highest temperature range used in this study. The developmental success of Ae. atropalpus at the intermediate temperature range suggests that competition with Ae. j. japonicus in rock pools within that range may significantly impact natural Ae. atropalpus populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey A Day
- Mosquito and Vector-Borne Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Health and Human Sciences, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC
| | - Eleanor G Armstrong
- Mosquito and Vector-Borne Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Health and Human Sciences, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC
| | - Brian D Byrd
- Mosquito and Vector-Borne Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Health and Human Sciences, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC
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50
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Bates TA, Chuong C, Rai P, Marano J, Waldman A, Klinger A, Reinhold JM, Lahondère C, Weger-Lucarelli J. American Aedes japonicus japonicus, Culex pipiens pipiens, and Culex restuans mosquitoes have limited transmission capacity for a recent isolate of Usutu virus. Virology 2021; 555:64-70. [PMID: 33454558 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Usutu virus (USUV; Flavivirus) has caused massive die-offs in birds across Europe since the 1950s. Although rare, severe neurologic disease in humans has been reported. USUV is genetically related to West Nile virus (WNV) and shares an ecological niche, suggesting it could spread from Europe to the Americas. USUV's risk of transmission within the United States is currently unknown. To this end, we exposed field-caught Aedes japonicus, Culex pipiens pipiens, and Culex restuans-competent vectors for WNV-to a recent European isolate of USUV. While infection rates for each species varied from 7%-21%, no dissemination or transmission was observed. These results differed from a 2018 report by Cook and colleagues, who found high dissemination rates and evidence of transmission potential using a different USUV strain, U.S. mosquito populations, temperature, and extrinsic incubation period. Future studies should evaluate the impact of these experimental conditions on USUV transmission by North American mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler A Bates
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Christina Chuong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Pallavi Rai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Marano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Aaron Waldman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Amy Klinger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Joanna M Reinhold
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Chloé Lahondère
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; The Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; The Global Change Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - James Weger-Lucarelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA; The Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; The Global Change Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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