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Wu J, Cai H, Hu X, Wu W. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the lipid metabolism-related gene regulatory characteristics and potential therapeutic agents for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1281429. [PMID: 38347951 PMCID: PMC10859419 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1281429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Impaired energy balance caused by lipid metabolism dysregulation is an essential mechanism of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI). This study aims to explore the lipid metabolism-related gene (LMRG) expression patterns in MI/RI and to find potential therapeutic agents. Methods Differential expression analysis was performed to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and LMRGs in the MI/RI-related dataset GSE61592. Enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses were performed to identify the key signaling pathways and genes. The expression trends of key LMRGs were validated by external datasets GSE160516 and GSE4105. The corresponding online databases predicted miRNAs, transcription factors (TFs), and potential therapeutic agents targeting key LMRGs. Finally, the identified LMRGs were confirmed in the H9C2 cell hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) model and the mouse MI/RI model. Results Enrichment analysis suggested that the "lipid metabolic process" was one of the critical pathways in MI/RI. Further differential expression analysis and PPI analysis identified 120 differentially expressed LMRGs and 15 key LMRGs. 126 miRNAs, 55 TFs, and 51 therapeutic agents were identified targeting these key LMRGs. Lastly, the expression trends of Acadm, Acadvl, and Suclg1 were confirmed by the external datasets, the H/R model and the MI/RI model. Conclusion Acadm, Acadvl, and Suclg1 may be the key genes involved in the MI/RI-related lipid metabolism dysregulation; and acting upon these factors may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanhuan Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaorong Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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2
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Wei X, Li Y, Luo P, Dai Y, Jiang T, Xu M, Hao Y, Zhang C, Liu Y. Development and Validation of Robust Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:344. [PMID: 37623357 PMCID: PMC10455596 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10080344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Despite the evidence that ferroptosis is involved in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MIR), the critical regulator of ferroptosis in MIR remains unclear. (2) Methods: We included three GEO datasets and a set of ferroptosis-related genes with 259 genes. Following the identification of the differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DEFRGs) and hub genes, we performed the functional annotation, protein-protein interaction network, and immune infiltration analysis. The GSE168610 dataset, a cell model, and an animal model were then used to verify key genes. (3) Results: We identified 17 DEFRGs and 9 hub genes in the MIR samples compared to the control. Heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1), activating transcription factor 3 (Atf3), epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfr), and X-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) were significantly upregulated in response to ischemic and hypoxic stimuli. In contrast, glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (Vegfa) were consistently decreased in either the oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation cell or the MIR mouse model. (4) Conclusions: This study emphasized the relevance of ferroptosis in MIR. It has been successfully demonstrated that nine ferroptosis-related genes (Hmox1, Atf3, Egfr, Gpx4, Cd44, Vegfa, asparagine synthetase (Asns), Xbp1, and bromodomain containing 4 (Brd4)) are involved in the process. Additional studies are needed to explore potential therapeutic targets for MIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxian Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China (Y.H.); (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China (Y.H.); (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Pengcheng Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China (Y.H.); (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China (Y.H.); (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China (Y.H.); (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Mulin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of General Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yi Hao
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China (Y.H.); (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China (Y.H.); (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China (Y.H.); (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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3
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Liu X, Zhang J, Li P, Han P, Kang YJ, Zhang W. Gene expression patterns and related pathways in the hearts of rhesus monkeys subjected to prolonged myocardial ischemia. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:350-360. [PMID: 36814407 PMCID: PMC10159524 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231151968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
After myocardial infarction (MI) occurs, progressive pathological cardiac remodeling results in heart dysfunction and even heart failure during the following months or years. The present study explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the late phase of MI at the global transcript level. A rhesus monkey model of myocardial ischemia induced by left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation was established, and the heart tissue was collected eight weeks after ligation for transcriptome analysis by DNA microarray technology. Differentially expressed genes in the core infarcted area and remote infarcted area of the ischemic heart were detected with significance analysis of microarray (SAM), and related pathways were detected by Gene Ontology (GO)/pathway analysis. We found that compared to the sham condition, prolonged ischemia increased the levels of 941 transcripts, decreased the levels of 380 transcripts in the core infarcted area, and decreased the levels of 8 transcripts in the remote area in monkey heart tissue. Loss of coordination between the expression of genes, including natriuretic peptide A (NPPA), NPPB, and corin (Corin, serine peptidase), may aggravate cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, imbalance in the enriched significantly changed pathways, including fibrosis-related pathways, cardioprotective pathways, and the cardiac systolic pathway, likely also plays a key role in regulating the development of heart remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China.,Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Jingyao Zhang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China.,Core Facilities of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, China
| | - Pengfei Han
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Y James Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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4
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Yan LL, Wei XH, Shi QP, Pan CS, Li KY, Zhang B, Wang XG, Zheng B, Wang MX, Yan L, Huang P, Liu J, Fan JY, Li H, Wang CS, Chen M, Han JY. Cardiotonic Pills® protects from myocardial fibrosis caused by in stent restenosis in miniature pigs. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154405. [PMID: 36067659 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stent implantation has been increasingly applied for the treatment of obstructive coronary artery disease, which, albeit effective, often harasses patients by in-stent restenosis (ISR). PURPOSE The present study was to explore the role of compound Chinese medicine Cardiotonic Pills® (CP) in attenuating ISR-evoked myocardial injury and fibrosis. STUDY DESIGN Chinese miniature pigs were used to establish ISR model by implanting obsolete degradable stents into coronary arteries. Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) was performed to confirm the success of the model. METHODS CP was given at 0.2 g/kg daily for 30 days after ISR. On day 30 and 60 after stent implantation, the myocardial infarct and myocardial blood flow (MBF) were assessed. Myocardial histology was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. The content of ATP, MPO, and the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex Ⅳ were determined by ELISA. Western blot was performed to assess the expression of ATP5D and related signaling proteins, and the mediators of myocardial fibrosis. RESULTS Treatment with CP diminished myocardial infarct size, retained myocardium structure, attenuated myocardial fibrosis, and restored MBF. CP ameliorated energy metabolism disorder, attenuated TGFβ1 up-regulation and reversed its downstream gene expression, such as Smad6 and Smad7, and inhibited the increased expression of MCP-1, PR S19, MMP-2 and MMP-9. CONCLUSION CP effectively protects myocardial structure and function from ISR challenge, possibly by regulating energy metabolism via inactivation of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway and inhibition of monocyte chemotaxis and TGF β1/Smads signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wei
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Shi
- Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, XiCheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kai-Yin Li
- Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, XiCheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, XiCheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xin-Gang Wang
- Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, XiCheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, XiCheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ming-Xia Wang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chuan-She Wang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, XiCheng District, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
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5
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Wang Z, He Z, Xuan Q, Zhang Y, Xu J, Lin J, Li H, Chen W, Jiang T. Analysis of the potential ferroptosis mechanism and multitemporal expression change of central ferroptosis-related genes in cardiac ischemia–reperfusion injury. Front Physiol 2022; 13:934901. [PMID: 36091399 PMCID: PMC9461145 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.934901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infraction is the most severe type of coronary artery disease and remains a substantial burden to the health care system globally. Although myocardial reperfusion is critical for ischemic cardiac tissue survival, the reperfusion itself could cause paradoxical injury. This paradoxical phenomenon is known as ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI), and the exact molecular mechanism of IRI is still far from being elucidated and is a topic of controversy. Meanwhile, ferroptosis is a nonapoptotic form of cell death that has been reported to be associated with various cardiovascular diseases. Thus, we explored the potential ferroptosis mechanism and target in cardiac IRI via bioinformatics analysis and experiment. GSE4105 data were obtained from the GEO database and consist of a rat IRI model and control. After identifying differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DEFRGs) and hub genes of cardiac IRI, we performed enrichment analysis, coexpression analysis, drug–gene interaction prediction, and mRNA–miRNA regulatory network construction. Moreover, we validated and explored the multitemporal expression of hub genes in a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced H9C2 cell injury model under different conditions via RT-qPCR. A total of 43 DEFRGs and 7 hub genes (tumor protein p53 [Tp53], tumor necrosis factor [Tnf], hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha [Hif1a], interleukin 6 [Il6], heme oxygenase 1 [Hmox1], X-box binding protein 1 [Xbp1], and caspase 8 [Casp8]) were screened based on bioinformatics analysis. The functional annotation of these genes revealed apoptosis, and the related signaling pathways could have association with the pathogenesis of ferroptosis in cardiac IRI. In addition, the expression of the seven hub genes in IRI models were found higher than that of control under different H/R conditions and time points. In conclusion, the analysis of 43 DEFRGs and 7 hub genes could reveal the potential biological pathway and mechanism of ferroptosis in cardiac IRI. In addition, the multitemporal expression change of hub genes in H9C2 cells under different H/R conditions could provide clues for further ferroptosis mechanism exploring, and the seven hub genes could be potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets in cardiac IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoxiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhisong He
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinkao Xuan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jialiang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weixiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Weixiang Chen, ; Tingbo Jiang,
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Weixiang Chen, ; Tingbo Jiang,
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6
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Marwarha G, Røsand Ø, Slagsvold KH, Høydal MA. GSK3β Inhibition Is the Molecular Pivot That Underlies the Mir-210-Induced Attenuation of Intrinsic Apoptosis Cascade during Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169375. [PMID: 36012628 PMCID: PMC9409400 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic cell death is a deleterious consequence of hypoxia-induced cellular stress. The master hypoxamiR, microRNA-210 (miR-210), is considered the primary driver of the cellular response to hypoxia stress. We have recently demonstrated that miR-210 attenuates hypoxia-induced apoptotic cell death. In this paper, we unveil that the miR-210-induced inhibition of the serine/threonine kinase Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) in AC-16 cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia stress underlies the salutary protective response of miR-210 in mitigating the hypoxia-induced apoptotic cell death. Using transient overexpression vectors to augment miR-210 expression concomitant with the ectopic expression of the constitutive active GSK3β S9A mutant (ca-GSK3β S9A), we exhaustively performed biochemical and molecular assays to determine the status of the hypoxia-induced intrinsic apoptosis cascade. Caspase-3 activity analysis coupled with DNA fragmentation assays cogently demonstrate that the inhibition of GSK3β kinase activity underlies the miR-210-induced attenuation in the hypoxia-driven apoptotic cell death. Further elucidation and delineation of the upstream cellular events unveiled an indispensable role of the inhibition of GSK3β kinase activity in mediating the miR-210-induced mitigation of the hypoxia-driven BAX and BAK insertion into the outer mitochondria membrane (OMM) and the ensuing Cytochrome C release into the cytosol. Our study is the first to unveil that the inhibition of GSK3β kinase activity is indispensable in mediating the miR-210-orchestrated protective cellular response to hypoxia-induced apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurdeep Marwarha
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øystein Røsand
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Katrine Hordnes Slagsvold
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7034 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Morten Andre Høydal
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7034 Trondheim, Norway
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-48134843
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7
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Oehler D, Spychala A, Gödecke A, Lang A, Gerdes N, Ruas J, Kelm M, Szendroedi J, Westenfeld R. Full-length transcriptomic analysis in murine and human heart reveals diversity of PGC-1α promoters and isoforms regulated distinctly in myocardial ischemia and obesity. BMC Biol 2022; 20:169. [PMID: 35907957 PMCID: PMC9338484 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01360-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) acts as a transcriptional coactivator and regulates mitochondrial function. Various isoforms are generated by alternative splicing and differentially regulated promoters. In the heart, total PGC-1α deficiency knockout leads to dilatative cardiomyopathy, but knowledge on the complexity of cardiac isoform expression of PGC-1α remains sparse. Thus, this study aims to generate a reliable dataset on cardiac isoform expression pattern by long-read mRNA sequencing, followed by investigation of differential regulation of PGC-1α isoforms under metabolic and ischemic stress, using high-fat-high-sucrose-diet-induced obesity and a murine model of myocardial infarction. Results Murine (C57Bl/6J) or human heart tissue (obtained during LVAD-surgery) was used for long-read mRNA sequencing, resulting in full-length transcriptomes including 58,000 mRNA isoforms with 99% sequence accuracy. Automatic bioinformatic analysis as well as manual similarity search against exonic sequences leads to identification of putative coding PGC-1α isoforms, validated by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Thereby, 12 novel transcripts generated by hitherto unknown splicing events were detected. In addition, we postulate a novel promoter with homologous and strongly conserved sequence in human heart. High-fat diet as well as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury transiently reduced cardiac expression of PGC-1α isoforms, with the most pronounced effect in the infarcted area. Recovery of PGC-1α-isoform expression was even more decelerated when I/R was performed in diet-induced obese mice. Conclusions We deciphered for the first time a complete full-length transcriptome of the murine and human heart, identifying novel putative PGC-1α coding transcripts including a novel promoter. These transcripts are differentially regulated in I/R and obesity suggesting transcriptional regulation and alternative splicing that may modulate PGC-1α function in the injured and metabolically challenged heart. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-022-01360-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Oehler
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - André Spychala
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Axel Gödecke
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Lang
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Norbert Gerdes
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jorge Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malte Kelm
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Internal Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Westenfeld
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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8
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Peng K, Liu H, Yan B, Meng XW, Song SY, Ji FH, Xia Z. Inhibition of cathepsin S attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:1309-1320. [PMID: 32657442 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury leads to high mortality and morbidity due to the incomplete understanding of the underlying mechanism and the consequent lack of effective therapy. The present study revealed and validated key candidate genes in relation to inflammation and apoptosis pathways underlying myocardial I/R injury. Cathepsin S was identified as the top hub protein based on the protein-protein interaction analysis, and, thus, its role during myocardial I/R injury was further investigated. Myocardial I/R in mice resulted in significantly increased levels of myocardial injury biomarkers (cardiac troponin I, lactic dehydrogenase, and creatinine kinase-MB) and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β [IL-1β], IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α), elevated apoptosis rate, and upregulated protein expression of cleaved caspase-8, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase. These abovementioned changes were blocked by two different selective cathepsin S inhibitors, LY3000328 or MIV-247. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier survival plot showed that cathepsin S inhibition improved 21-day survival rate following myocardial I/R injury. This study demonstrated that the inhibition of cathepsin S alleviated myocardial I/R-induced injury by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis, which may be used in clinical applications of cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, California
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of Intervention and Cell Therapy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Computer Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Xiao-Wen Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shao-Yong Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fu-Hai Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, California.,Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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9
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Yao L, Song J, Meng XW, Ge JY, Du BX, Yu J, Ji FH. Periostin aggravates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 53:101596. [PMID: 32461137 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a form of caspase-1-induced programmed cell death. This study aimed to investigate the effect of periostin (postn) on pyroptosis in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). To this end, the differentially expressed genes were obtained from the GSE4105 dataset using the "GEO2R" online tool. Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database, and Module and Go analysis were conducted using the Cytoscape 3.6 plugs-in MCODE and BINGO, respectively. The analysis showed that postn was a critical gene in the most significant module. Experimental results, including triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, pathological analysis, TUNEL staining, western blotting, and RT-qPCR assays, showed that MIRI induced caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Postn was significantly upregulated in the heart tissues of MIRI rats and in H9C2 cells following hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) treatment. In addition, knockdown of postn suppressed the caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis and H/R-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation, as evidenced by flow cytometry, CCK8, RT-qPCR, western blotting, and ELISA assays. In contrast, overexpression of postn promoted NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis of H/R-treated H9C2 cells. According to the results of rescue experiments, a caspase-1 inhibitor reduced the increase in NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis induced by overexpression of postn, and the pyroptosis-promoting function of postn overexpression in H/R treated H9C2 cells was reversed by inhibition of NLRP3. In conclusion, postn overexpression promoted the caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis during MIRI by activating the NLRP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215006, PR China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, PR China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, PR China
| | - Xiao Wen Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215006, PR China
| | - Jian Yun Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, PR China
| | - Bo Xiang Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, PR China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215006, PR China
| | - Fu Hai Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215006, PR China.
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10
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Badawi S, Paccalet A, Harhous Z, Pillot B, Augeul L, Van Coppenolle F, Lachuer J, Kurdi M, Crola Da Silva C, Ovize M, Bidaux G. A Dynamic Transcriptional Analysis Reveals IL-6 Axis as a Prominent Mediator of Surgical Acute Response in Non-ischemic Mouse Heart. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1370. [PMID: 31736788 PMCID: PMC6836931 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemic heart diseases are a major cause of death worldwide. Different animal models, including cardiac surgery, have been developed over time. Unfortunately, the surgery models have been reported to trigger an important inflammatory response that might be an effect modifier, where involved molecular processes have not been fully elucidated yet. Objective We sought to perform a thorough characterization of the sham effect in the myocardium and identify the interfering inflammatory reaction in order to avoid misinterpretation of the data via systems biology approaches. Methods and Results We combined a comprehensive analytical pipeline of mRNAseq dataset and systems biology analysis to characterize the acute phase response of mouse myocardium at 0 min, 45 min, and 24 h after surgery to better characterize the molecular processes inadvertently induced in sham animals. Our analysis showed that the surgical intervention induced 1209 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs). The clustering of positively co-regulated transcript modules at 45 min fingerprinted the activation of signalization pathways, while positively co-regulated genes at 24 h identified the recruitment of neutrophils and the differentiation of macrophages. In addition, we combined the prediction of transcription factors (TF) regulating DETs with protein-protein interaction networks built from these TFs to predict the molecular network which have induced the DETs. By mean of this retro-analysis of processes upstream gene transcription, we revealed a major role of the Il-6 pathway and further confirmed a significant increase in circulating IL-6 at 45 min after surgery. Conclusion This study suggests that a strong induction of the IL-6 axis occurs in sham animals over the first 24 h and leads to the induction of inflammation and tissues’ homeostasis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Badawi
- INSERM 1060, INRA 1397, INSA Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,IHU OPeRa, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Bron, France.,Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alexandre Paccalet
- INSERM 1060, INRA 1397, INSA Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Zeina Harhous
- INSERM 1060, INRA 1397, INSA Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,IHU OPeRa, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Bron, France.,Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bruno Pillot
- INSERM 1060, INRA 1397, INSA Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,IHU OPeRa, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Bron, France
| | - Lionel Augeul
- INSERM 1060, INRA 1397, INSA Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,IHU OPeRa, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Bron, France
| | - Fabien Van Coppenolle
- INSERM 1060, INRA 1397, INSA Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,IHU OPeRa, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Bron, France
| | - Joel Lachuer
- ProfileXpert, SFR-Est, CNRS UMR-S3453, INSERM US7, University of Lyon, Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Mazen Kurdi
- Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Claire Crola Da Silva
- INSERM 1060, INRA 1397, INSA Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,IHU OPeRa, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Bron, France
| | - Michel Ovize
- INSERM 1060, INRA 1397, INSA Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,IHU OPeRa, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Bron, France
| | - Gabriel Bidaux
- INSERM 1060, INRA 1397, INSA Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,IHU OPeRa, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Bron, France
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11
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Zheng QN, Wei XH, Pan CS, Li Q, Liu YY, Fan JY, Han JY. QiShenYiQi Pills ® ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial fibrosis involving RP S19-mediated TGFβ1/Smads signaling pathway. Pharmacol Res 2019; 146:104272. [PMID: 31085230 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
QiShenYiQi Pills (QSYQ) is a compound Chinese medicine widely used in China for treatment of cardiovascular disease. However, limited data are available regarding the anti-fibrotic role of QSYQ after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study aimed to investigate the effect of post-treatment with QSYQ on myocardial fibrosis after I/R-induced myocardium injury, and the role of different compounds of QSYQ, focusing especially on the involvement of chemokine ribosomal protein S19 (RP S19) dimer and monocyte migration. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion for 30 min followed by reperfusion with or without administration of QSYQ (0.6, 1.2, or 1.8 g/kg) once daily by gavage for 6 days. Post-treatment with QSYQ diminished I/R-induced infarct size, alleviated myocardium injury, attenuated myocardial fibrosis after 6 days of reperfusion, and restored heart function and myocardial blood flow after I/R. In addition, the drug significantly inhibited monocyte infiltration and macrophage polarization towards M2, which was attributable to chemokine RP S19 dimer. Moreover, Western blots revealed that QSYQ blocked I/R-induced increase in TGFβ1 and TGFβRⅡ and reversed its relevant gene expression, such as Smad3,4,6,7, and inhibited the increase of MMP 2,9 expression. As the major components of QSYQ, astragaloside IV (AsIV), 3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl lactic acid (DLA), and notoginsenoside R1 (R1) were assessed as to the contribution of each of them to the expression of the proteins concerned. The results showed that the effect of AsIV was similar to QSYQ, while DLA and R1 only partly simulated the effect of QSYQ. The results provide evidence for the potential role of QSYQ in treating myocardial fibrosis following I/R injury. This effect may be associated with QSYQ's inhibition effect on monocyte chemotaxis and TGFβ1/Smads signaling pathway with different component targeting distinct link (s) of the signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Ning Zheng
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wei
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Quan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu-Ying Liu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China.
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12
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Wang X, Lu L, Tan Y, Jiang L, Zhao M, Gao E, Yu S, Liu J. GPR 30 reduces myocardial infarct area and fibrosis in female ovariectomized mice by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Life Sci 2019; 226:22-32. [PMID: 30905784 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Estrogen plays an important role in cardioprotection. Animal experiments showed that the G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 30 (GPR30) specific agonist G1 could reduce post-ischemic dysfunction and inhibit cardiac fibroblast proliferation. However, the underlying mechanism of action is not clear. The current study tests the hypothesis that GPR30 reduces myocardial infarct area and fibrosis in female ovariectomized (OVX) mice by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. MAIN METHODS In this study, we established a myocardial infarction (MI) animal model derived from OVX C57BL/6 female mice, and investigated the effect of G1 on cardiac function by echocardiography and Hemodynamics, morphology and expression of fibrosis-related and apoptosis-related proteins by Masson's trichrome and H&E, Immunofluorescence, Western blotting and TUNEL. KEY FINDINGS Combination with OVX significantly increased myocardial fibrosis and MI area compared to MI treatment alone, as determined by echocardiography and hemodynamics. Further addition of G1 changed the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10, and reduced the degree of myocardial fibrosis and myocardial infarct area. Primary cultured cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were subjected to hypoxia/serum deprivation (H/SD) simulating the in vivo ischemia model. When the PI3K/AKT pathway was inhibited by wortmanin in H/SD CFs, G1 failed to induce significant changes in the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. SIGNIFICANCE It suggested that GPR30 may improve cardiac function in female OVX mice by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway and reducing myocardial infarct size and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowu Wang
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Linhe Lu
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Yanzhen Tan
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Liqing Jiang
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Minggao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Shiqiang Yu
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
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13
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Guo N, Zhang N, Yan L, Lian Z, Wang J, Lv F, Wang Y, Cao X. Weighted gene co‑expression network analysis in identification of key genes and networks for ischemic‑reperfusion remodeling myocardium. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1955-1962. [PMID: 29901145 PMCID: PMC6072198 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction induces ventricular remodeling, which is implicated in dilated heart and heart failure. The pathogenical mechanism of myocardium remodeling remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to identify key genes and networks for myocardium remodeling following ischemia-reperfusion (IR). First, the mRNA expression data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database were downloaded to identify differences in mRNA expression of the IR heart at days 2 and 7. Then, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, hierarchical clustering, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway were used to identify key genes and networks for the heart remodeling process following IR. A total of 3,321 differentially expressed genes were identified during the heart remodeling process. A total of 6 modules were identified through gene co-expression network analysis. GO and KEGG analysis results suggested that each module represented a different biological function and was associated with different pathways. Finally, hub genes of each module were identified by PPI network construction. The present study revealed that heart remodeling following IR is a complicated process, involving extracellular matrix organization, neural development, apoptosis and energy metabolism. The dysregulated genes, including SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase, discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 1, ATP citrate lyase, RAN, member RAS oncogene family, tumor protein p53, and polo like kinase 2, may be essential for heart remodeling following IR and may be used as potential targets for the inhibition of heart remodeling following acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Liqiu Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Lian
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Jiawang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Fengfeng Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Xufen Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
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14
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Wongsurawat T, Woo CC, Giannakakis A, Lin XY, Cheow ESH, Lee CN, Richards M, Sze SK, Nookaew I, Kuznetsov VA, Sorokin V. Distinctive molecular signature and activated signaling pathways in aortic smooth muscle cells of patients with myocardial infarction. Atherosclerosis 2018; 271:237-244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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15
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An Injectable Oxygen Release System to Augment Cell Survival and Promote Cardiac Repair Following Myocardial Infarction. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1371. [PMID: 29358595 PMCID: PMC5778078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19906-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen deficiency after myocardial infarction (MI) leads to massive cardiac cell death. Protection of cardiac cells and promotion of cardiac repair are key therapeutic goals. These goals may be achieved by re-introducing oxygen into the infarcted area. Yet current systemic oxygen delivery approaches cannot efficiently diffuse oxygen into the infarcted area that has extremely low blood flow. In this work, we developed a new oxygen delivery system that can be delivered specifically to the infarcted tissue, and continuously release oxygen to protect the cardiac cells. The system was based on a thermosensitive, injectable and fast gelation hydrogel, and oxygen releasing microspheres. The fast gelation hydrogel was used to increase microsphere retention in the heart tissue. The system was able to continuously release oxygen for 4 weeks. The released oxygen significantly increased survival of cardiac cells under the hypoxic condition (1% O2) mimicking that of the infarcted hearts. It also reduced myofibroblast formation under hypoxic condition (1% O2). After implanting into infarcted hearts for 4 weeks, the released oxygen significantly augmented cell survival, decreased macrophage density, reduced collagen deposition and myofibroblast density, and stimulated tissue angiogenesis, leading to a significant increase in cardiac function.
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16
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Tammaro A, Derive M, Gibot S, Leemans JC, Florquin S, Dessing MC. TREM-1 and its potential ligands in non-infectious diseases: from biology to clinical perspectives. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 177:81-95. [PMID: 28245991 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is expressed on the majority of innate immune cells and to a lesser extent on parenchymal cells. Upon activation, TREM-1 can directly amplify an inflammatory response. Although it was initially demonstrated that TREM-1 was predominantly associated with infectious diseases, recent evidences shed new light into its role in sterile inflammatory diseases. Indeed, TREM-1 receptor and its signaling pathways contribute to the pathology of several non-infectious acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis, ischemia reperfusion-induced tissue injury, colitis, fibrosis and cancer. This review, aims to give an extensive overview of TREM-1 in non-infectious diseases, with the focus on the therapeutic potential of TREM-1 intervention strategies herein. In addition, we provide the reader with a functional enrichment analysis of TREM-1 signaling pathway and potential TREM-1 ligands in these diseases, obtained via in silico approach. We discuss pre-clinical studies which show that TREM-1 inhibition, via synthetic soluble TREM-1 protein mimickers, is effective in treating (preventing) specific inflammatory disorders, without significant effects on antibacterial response. Further research aimed at identifying specific TREM-1 ligands, in different inflammatory disorders, is required to further unravel the role of this receptor, and explore new avenues to modulate its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Tammaro
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Sebastien Gibot
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Central, CHU Nancy, Nancy, France; Inserm UMR_S1116, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Jaklien C Leemans
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Florquin
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C Dessing
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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17
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Analysis of region specific gene expression patterns in the heart and systemic responses after experimental myocardial ischemia. Oncotarget 2017; 8:60809-60825. [PMID: 28977827 PMCID: PMC5617387 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Ischemic myocardial injury leads to the activation of inflammatory mechanisms and results in ventricular remodeling. Although great efforts have been made to unravel the molecular and cellular processes taking place in the ischemic myocardium, little is known about the effects on the surrounding tissue and other organs. The aim of this study was to determine region specific differences in the myocardium and in distant organs after experimental myocardial infarction by using a bioinformatics approach. Methods and Results A porcine closed chest reperfused acute myocardial infarction model and mRNA microarrays have been used to evaluate gene expression changes. Myocardial infarction changed the expression of 8903 genes in myocardial-, 856 in hepatic- and 338 in splenic tissue. Identification of myocardial region specific differences as well as expression profiling of distant organs revealed clear gene-regulation patterns within the first 24 hours after ischemia. Transcription factor binding site analysis suggested a strong role for Kruppel like factor 4 (Klf4) in the regulation of gene expression following myocardial infarction, and was therefore investigated further by immunohistochemistry. Strong nuclear Klf4 expression with clear region specific differences was detectable in porcine and human heart samples after myocardial infarction. Conclusion Apart from presenting a post myocardial infarction gene expression database and specific response pathways, the key message of this work is that myocardial ischemia does not end at the injured myocardium. The present results have enlarged the spectrum of organs affected, and suggest that a variety of organ systems are involved in the co-ordination of the organism´s response to myocardial infarction.
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18
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Santana ET, Feliciano RDS, Serra AJ, Brigidio E, Antonio EL, Tucci PJF, Nathanson L, Morris M, Silva JA. Comparative mRNA and MicroRNA Profiling during Acute Myocardial Infarction Induced by Coronary Occlusion and Ablation Radio-Frequency Currents. Front Physiol 2016; 7:565. [PMID: 27932994 PMCID: PMC5123550 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery is the most commonly used experimental model to induce myocardial infarction (MI) in rodents. A high mortality in the acute phase and the heterogeneity of the size of the MI obtained are drawbacks recognized in this model. In an attempt to solve the problem, our group recently developed a new MI experimental model which is based on application of myocardial ablation radio-frequency currents (AB-RF) that yielded MI with homogeneous sizes and significantly reduce acute mortality. In addition, cardiac structural, and functional changes aroused by AB-RF were similar to those seen in animals with MI induced by coronary artery ligation. Herein, we compared mRNA expression of genes that govern post-MI milieu in occlusion and ablation models. We analyzed 48 mRNAs expressions of nine different signal transduction pathways (cell survival and metabolism signs, matrix extracellular, cell cycle, oxidative stress, apoptosis, calcium signaling, hypertrophy markers, angiogenesis, and inflammation) in rat left ventricle 1 week after MI generated by both coronary occlusion and AB-RF. Furthermore, high-throughput miRNA analysis was also assessed in both MI procedures. Interestingly, mRNA expression levels and miRNA expressions showed strong similarities between both models after MI, with few specificities in each model, activating similar signal transduction pathways. To our knowledge, this is the first comparison of genomic alterations of mRNA and miRNA contents after two different MI procedures and identifies key signaling regulators modulating the pathophysiology of these two models that might culminate in heart failure. Furthermore, these analyses may contribute with the current knowledge concerning transcriptional and post-transcriptional changes of AB-RF protocol, arising as an alternative and effective MI method that reproduces most changes seem in coronary occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo T Santana
- Rehabilitation Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regiane Dos Santos Feliciano
- Biophotonics Department, Universidade Nove de JulhoSão Paulo, Brazil; Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de JulhoSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrey J Serra
- Biophotonics Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Brigidio
- Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ednei L Antonio
- Cardiac Physiology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo J F Tucci
- Cardiac Physiology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lubov Nathanson
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Mariana Morris
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - José A Silva
- Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
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Chang HC, Wu R, Shang M, Sato T, Chen C, Shapiro JS, Liu T, Thakur A, Sawicki KT, Prasad SVN, Ardehali H. Reduction in mitochondrial iron alleviates cardiac damage during injury. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 8:247-67. [PMID: 26896449 PMCID: PMC4772952 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201505748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess cellular iron increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and causes cellular damage. Mitochondria are the major site of iron metabolism and ROS production; however, few studies have investigated the role of mitochondrial iron in the development of cardiac disorders, such as ischemic heart disease or cardiomyopathy (CM). We observe increased mitochondrial iron in mice after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and in human hearts with ischemic CM, and hypothesize that decreasing mitochondrial iron protects against I/R damage and the development of CM. Reducing mitochondrial iron genetically through cardiac-specific overexpression of a mitochondrial iron export protein or pharmacologically using a mitochondria-permeable iron chelator protects mice against I/R injury. Furthermore, decreasing mitochondrial iron protects the murine hearts in a model of spontaneous CM with mitochondrial iron accumulation. Reduced mitochondrial ROS that is independent of alterations in the electron transport chain's ROS producing capacity contributes to the protective effects. Overall, our findings suggest that mitochondrial iron contributes to cardiac ischemic damage, and may be a novel therapeutic target against ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chun Chang
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (FCVRI), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rongxue Wu
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (FCVRI), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Meng Shang
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (FCVRI), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tatsuya Sato
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (FCVRI), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chunlei Chen
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (FCVRI), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason S Shapiro
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (FCVRI), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ting Liu
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (FCVRI), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anita Thakur
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (FCVRI), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Konrad T Sawicki
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (FCVRI), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sathyamangla V N Prasad
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hossein Ardehali
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (FCVRI), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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20
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Gorressen S, Stern M, van de Sandt AM, Cortese-Krott MM, Ohlig J, Rassaf T, Gödecke A, Fischer JW, Heusch G, Merx MW, Kelm M. Circulating NOS3 modulates left ventricular remodeling following reperfused myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120961. [PMID: 25875863 PMCID: PMC4397096 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Nitric oxide (NO) is constitutively produced and released from the endothelium and several blood cell types by the isoform 3 of the NO synthase (NOS3). We have shown that NO protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and that depletion of circulating NOS3 increases within 24h of ischemia/reperfusion the size of myocardial infarction (MI) in chimeric mice devoid of circulating NOS3. In the current study we hypothesized that circulating NOS3 also affects remodeling of the left ventricle following reperfused MI. Methods To analyze the role of circulating NOS3 we transplanted bone marrow of NOS3−/− and wild type (WT) mice into WT mice, producing chimerae expressing NOS3 only in vascular endothelium (BC−/EC+) or in both, blood cells and vascular endothelium (BC+/EC+). Both groups underwent 60 min of coronary occlusion in a closed-chest model of reperfused MI. During the 3 weeks post MI, structural and functional LV remodeling was serially assessed (24h, 4d, 1w, 2w and 3w) by echocardiography. At 72 hours post MI, gene expression of several extracellular matrix (ECM) modifying molecules was determined by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. At 3 weeks post MI, hemodynamics were obtained by pressure catheter, scar size and collagen content were quantified post mortem by Gomori’s One-step trichrome staining. Results Three weeks post MI, LV end-systolic (53.2±5.9μl;***p≤0.001;n = 5) and end-diastolic volumes (82.7±5.6μl;*p<0.05;n = 5) were significantly increased in BC−/EC+, along with decreased LV developed pressure (67.5±1.8mmHg;n = 18;***p≤0.001) and increased scar size/left ventricle (19.5±1.5%;n = 13;**p≤0.01) compared to BC+/EC+ (ESV:35.6±2.2μl; EDV:69.1±2.6μl n = 8; LVDP:83.2±3.2mmHg;n = 24;scar size/LV13.8±0.7%;n = 16). Myocardial scar of BC−/EC+ was characterized by increased total collagen content (20.2±0.8%;n = 13;***p≤0.001) compared to BC+/EC+ (15.9±0.5;n = 16), and increased collagen type I and III subtypes. Conclusion Circulating NOS3 ameliorates maladaptive left ventricular remodeling following reperfused myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Gorressen
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manuel Stern
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annette M. van de Sandt
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miriam M. Cortese-Krott
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan Ohlig
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tienush Rassaf
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Axel Gödecke
- Medical Faculty, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens W. Fischer
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Pharmacology und Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gerd Heusch
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University of Essen Medical School, Essen, Germany
| | - Marc W. Merx
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Intensive Care Medicine, Robert Koch Krankenhaus, Klinikum Region Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology & Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Suresh R, Li X, Chiriac A, Goel K, Terzic A, Perez-Terzic C, Nelson TJ. Transcriptome from circulating cells suggests dysregulated pathways associated with long-term recurrent events following first-time myocardial infarction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 74:13-21. [PMID: 24801707 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole-genome gene expression analysis has been successfully utilized to diagnose, prognosticate, and identify potential therapeutic targets for high-risk cardiovascular diseases. However, the feasibility of this approach to identify outcome-related genes and dysregulated pathways following first-time myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unknown and may offer a novel strategy to detect affected expressome networks that predict long-term outcome. METHODS AND RESULTS Whole-genome expression microarray on blood samples from normal cardiac function controls (n=21) and first-time AMI patients (n=31) within 48-hours post-MI revealed expected differential gene expression profiles enriched for inflammation and immune-response pathways. To determine molecular signatures at the time of AMI associated with long-term outcomes, transcriptional profiles from sub-groups of AMI patients with (n=5) or without (n=22) any recurrent events over an 18-month follow-up were compared. This analysis identified 559 differentially-expressed genes. Bioinformatic analysis of this differential gene-set for associated pathways revealed 1) increasing disease severity in AMI patients is associated with a decreased expression of genes involved in the developmental epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition pathway, and 2) modulation of cholesterol transport genes that include ABCA1, CETP, APOA1, and LDLR is associated with clinical outcome. CONCLUSION Differentially regulated genes and modulated pathways were identified that were associated with recurrent cardiovascular outcomes in first-time AMI patients. This cell-based approach for risk stratification in AMI could represent a novel, non-invasive platform to anticipate modifiable pathways and therapeutic targets to optimize long-term outcome for AMI patients and warrants further study to determine the role of metabolic remodeling and regenerative processes required for optimal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Suresh
- Mayo Medical School, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905 MN, USA
| | - Xing Li
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905 MN, USA
| | - Anca Chiriac
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905 MN, USA
| | - Kashish Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905 MN, USA
| | - Andre Terzic
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905 MN, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905 MN, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905 MN, USA
| | - Carmen Perez-Terzic
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905 MN, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905 MN, USA
| | - Timothy J Nelson
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905 MN, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905 MN, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine and Transplant Center, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905 MN, USA.
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Long-acting beneficial effect of percutaneously intramyocardially delivered secretome of apoptotic peripheral blood cells on porcine chronic ischemic left ventricular dysfunction. Biomaterials 2014; 35:3541-50. [PMID: 24439416 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The quantity of cells with paracrine effects for use in myocardial regeneration therapy is limited. This study investigated the effects of catheter-based endomyocardial delivery of secretome of 2.5 × 10(9) apoptotic peripheral blood mononuclear cells (APOSEC) on porcine chronic post-myocardial infarction (MI) left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and on gene expression. Closed-chest reperfused MI was induced in pigs by 90-min occlusion followed by reperfusion of the mid-LAD (day 0). At day 30, animals were randomized to receive porcine APOSEC (n = 8) or medium solution (control; n = 8) injected intramyocardially into the MI border zone using 3D NOGA guidance. At day 60, cardiac MRI with late enhancement and diagnostic NOGA (myocardial viability) were performed. Gene expression profiling of the infarct core, border zone, and normal myocardium was performed using microarray analysis and confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. Injection of APOSEC significantly decreased infarct size (p < 0.05) and improved cardiac index and myocardial viability compared to controls. A trend towards higher LV ejection fraction was observed in APOSEC vs. controls (45.4 ± 5.9% vs. 37.4 ± 8.9%, p = 0.052). Transcriptome analysis revealed significant downregulation of caspase-1, tumor necrosis factor and other inflammatory genes in APOSEC-affected areas. rtPCR showed higher expression of myogenic factor Mefc2 (p < 0.05) and downregulated caspase genes (p < 0.05) in APOSEC-treated pigs. In conclusion, overexpression of MEF2c and repression of caspase was related to decreased infarct size and improved cardiac function in secretome-treated animals. Altered gene expression 1-month post-APOSEC treatment proved the long-acting effects of cell-free therapy with paracrine factors.
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23
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Xenon and isoflurane reduce left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in the rat. Anesthesiology 2013; 118:1385-94. [PMID: 23364599 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0b013e31828744c0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xenon and isoflurane are known to have cardioprotective properties. We tested the hypothesis that these anesthetics positively influence myocardial remodeling 28 days after experimental perioperative myocardial infarction and compared their effects. METHODS A total of 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 60 min of coronary artery occlusion and 120 min of reperfusion. Prior to ischemia, the animals were randomized for the different narcotic regimes (0.6 vol% isoflurane, 70 vol% xenon, or intraperitoneal injection of s-ketamine). Acute injury was quantified by echocardiography and troponin I. After 4 weeks, left ventricular function was assessed by conductance catheter to quantify hemodynamic compromise. Cardiac remodeling was characterized by quantification of dilatation, hypertrophy, fibrosis, capillary density, apoptosis, and expression of fetal genes (α/β myosin heavy chains, α-skeletal actin, periostin, and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase). RESULTS Whereas xenon and isoflurane impeded the acute effects of ischemia-reperfusion on hemodynamics and myocardial injury at a comparable level, differences were found after 4 weeks. Xenon in contrast to isoflurane or ketamine anesthetized animals demonstrated a lower remodeling index (0.7 ± 0.1 vs. 0.9 ± 0.3 and 1.0 ± 0.3g/ml), better ejection fraction (62 ± 9 vs. 49 ± 7 and 35 ± 6%), and reduced expression of β-myosin heavy chain and periostin. The effects on hypertrophy, fibrosis, capillary density, and apoptosis were comparable. CONCLUSIONS Compared to isoflurane and s-ketamine, xenon limited progressive adverse cardiac remodeling and contractile dysfunction 28 days after perioperative myocardial infarction.
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24
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Wei XH, Liu YY, Li Q, Yan L, Hu BH, Pan CS, Li ZX, Chang X, Fan JY, Zhao N, Sun K, Huang P, Wang CS, Fan TP, Han JY. Treatment with Cardiotonic Pills®after Ischemia-Reperfusion Ameliorates Myocardial Fibrosis in Rats. Microcirculation 2013; 20:17-29. [DOI: 10.1111/micc.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tai-Ping Fan
- Department of Pharmacology; Trinity College, University of Cambridge; Cambridge; UK
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Study of the human chronic wound tissue: addressing logistic barriers and productive use of laser capture microdissection. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1037:233-43. [PMID: 24029938 PMCID: PMC4380270 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-505-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Direct procurement of tissue samples from clinically presented chronic human wounds is a powerful approach to understand mechanism at play in an actual problem wound. While such approach suffers from limitations related to lack of reproducible conditions across wounds, something that we are used to in the laboratory while studying wounds on experimental animals, the direct study of human wound tissue helps recognize the right questions to ask in the laboratory. Going back and forth between human wound and experimental animal studies helps steer studies on experimental wounds in a clinically relevant direction. In this chapter, we describe critical factors that need to be considered prior to planning a study involving human wound samples. In addition, we describe an approach to capture wound hyperproliferative epithelium (HE) from chronic human wound biopsies using laser capture microdissection (LCM). LCM is a new technology applicable to a broad range of clinical research and represents a catalyst of sophisticated translational research.
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26
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Dickerson R, Deshpande B, Gnyawali U, Lynch D, Gordillo GM, Schuster D, Osei K, Roy S. Correction of aberrant NADPH oxidase activity in blood-derived mononuclear cells from type II diabetes mellitus patients by a naturally fermented papaya preparation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:485-91. [PMID: 22369197 PMCID: PMC3365356 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Supplementation of standardized fermented papaya preparation (FPP) to adult diabetic mice improves dermal wound healing outcomes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients elicit a compromised respiratory burst activity resulting in increased risk of infections for the diabetic patients. AIMS The objectives of the current study were to determine the effect of FPP supplementation on human diabetic PBMC respiratory burst activity and to understand underlying mechanisms of such action of FPP. RESULTS When stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, the production of reactive oxygen species by T2DM PBMC was markedly compromised compared to that of the PBMC from non-DM donors. FPP treated ex vivo improved respiratory burst outcomes in T2DM PBMC. FPP treatment significantly increased phosphorylation of the p47phox subunit of NADPH oxidase. In addition, the protein and mRNA expression of Rac2 was potently upregulated after FPP supplemention. The proximal human Rac2 gene promoter is G-C rich and contains consensus binding sites for Sp1 and AP-1. While FPP had no significant effect on the AP-1 DNA binding activity, the Sp1 DNA binding activity was significantly upregulated in PBMC after treatment of the cells with FPP. INNOVATION This work provided first evidence that compromised respiratory burst performance of T2DM PBMC may be corrected by a nutritional supplement. CONCLUSION FPP can correct respiratory burst performance of T2DM PBMC via an Sp-1-dependant pathway. Studies testing the outcome of FPP supplementation in diabetic patients are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Dickerson
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Wound Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Bhakthi Deshpande
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Wound Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Urmila Gnyawali
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Wound Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Debbie Lynch
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Wound Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Gayle M. Gordillo
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Wound Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Dara Schuster
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kwame Osei
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sashwati Roy
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Wound Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
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Ganesh K, Das A, Dickerson R, Khanna S, Parinandi NL, Gordillo GM, Sen CK, Roy S. Prostaglandin E₂ induces oncostatin M expression in human chronic wound macrophages through Axl receptor tyrosine kinase pathway. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:2563-73. [PMID: 22844123 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages (m) are plastic cells whose functions are governed by microenvironmental cues. Wound fluid bathing the wound tissue reflects the wound microenvironment. Current literature on wound inflammation is primarily based on the study of blood monocyte-derived macrophages, cells that have never been exposed to the wound microenvironment. We sought to compare pair-matched monocyte-derived macrophages with m isolated from chronic wounds of patients. Oncostatin M (OSM) was differentially overexpressed in pair-matched wound m. Both PGE₂ and its metabolite 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGE₂ (PGE-M) were abundant in wound fluid and induced OSM in wound-site m. Consistently, induction of OSM mRNA was observed in m isolated from PGE₂-enriched polyvinyl alcohol sponges implanted in murine wounds. Treatment of human THP-1 cell-derived m with PGE₂ or PGE-M caused dose-dependent induction of OSM. Characterization of the signal transduction pathways demonstrated the involvement of EP4 receptor and cAMP signaling. In human m, PGE₂ phosphorylated Axl, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). Axl phosphorylation was also induced by a cAMP analogue demonstrating interplay between the cAMP and RTK pathways. PGE₂-dependent Axl phosphorylation led to AP-1 transactivation, which is directly implicated in inducible expression of OSM. Treatment of human m or mice excisional wounds with recombinant OSM resulted in an anti-inflammatory response as manifested by attenuated expression of endotoxin-induced TNF-α and IL-1β. OSM treatment also improved wound closure during the early inflammatory phase of healing. In summary, this work recognizes PGE₂ in the wound fluid as a potent inducer of m OSM, a cytokine with an anti-inflammatory role in cutaneous wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Ganesh
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Chan KYY, Zhou L, Xiang P, Li K, Ng PC, Wang CC, Li M, Pong NH, Tu L, Deng H, Kong CKL, Sung RYT. Thrombopoietin improved ventricular function and regulated remodeling genes in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 2012; 167:2546-54. [PMID: 22770769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombopoietin (TPO) protects against heart damages by doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in animal models. We aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of TPO for treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) in a rat model and explored the mechanisms in terms of the genome-wide transcriptional profile, TPO downstream protein signals, and bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: Sham-operated, MI (permanent ligation of the left coronary artery) and MI+TPO. Three doses of TPO were administered weekly for 2 weeks, and outcomes were assessed at 4 or 8 weeks post-injury. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS TPO treatment significantly improved left ventricular function, hemodynamic parameters, myocardium morphology, neovascularization and infarct size. MI damage upregulated a large cohort of gene expressions in the infarct border zone, including those functioned in cytoskeleton organization, vascular and matrix remodeling, muscle development, cell cycling and ion transport. TPO treatment significantly reversed these modulations. While phosphorylation of janus kinase 2 (JAK2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and protein kinase B (AKT) was modified in MI animals, TPO treatment regulated phosphorylation of STAT3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), and bone morphogenetic protein 1 (BMP1) protein level. TPO also increased EPC colonies in the bone marrow of MI animals. Our data showed that TPO alleviated damages of heart tissues from MI insults, possibly mediated by multi-factorial mechanisms including suppression of over-reacted ventricular remodeling, regulation of TPO downstream signals and mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells. TPO could be developed for treatment of cardiac damages.
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Characterization of 99mTc-labeled cytokine ligands for inflammation imaging via TNF and IL-1 pathways. Nucl Med Biol 2012; 39:905-15. [PMID: 22749187 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION TNFR2-Fc and IL-1ra-Fc are recombinant cytokine ligands that target TNF and IL-1. TNFR2-Fc-IL-1ra, a dual-domain agent that incorporates both ligands, allows bifunctional binding of IL-1 receptors and TNF. This study was designed to characterize (99m)Tc-labeled forms of these ligands, (99m)Tc-IL-1ra-Fc (IF), (99m)Tc-TNFR2-Fc (TF), and (99m)Tc-TNFR2-Fc-IL-1ra (TFI), for inflammation imaging. METHODS The cytokine ligands were labeled with (99m)Tc by a direct approach via 2-iminothiolane (2-IT) reduction at various 2-IT/protein molar ratios. In vivo inflammation targeting studies were carried out in a mouse ear edema model created by topical application of 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on the right ear of ICR mice. RESULTS Radiolabeling yields increased with increasing amounts of 2-IT. When the 2-IT/protein ratio reached 1000, the radiolabeling yield was greater than 90% without significant colloid production. TPA-treated ears showed high radioligand uptake, which was clearly detected by SPECT and autoradiographic imaging. The activities (%ID/g) in the inflamed and control ears at 3h after injection were 2.76 ± 0.20 vs. 0.69 ± 0.12 for IF, 5.86 ± 0.40 vs. 2.86 ± 0.61 for TF, and 7.61 ± 0.86 vs. 1.99 ± 0.31 for TFI (P<0.05 vs. controls). TFI showed significantly higher uptake in the inflamed ears compared to TF and IF (P<0.05). Blocking study results indicated specificity of radioligand binding with decreased radioactive uptake in the inflamed ears. Western blotting and ELISA analysis further confirmed a high expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in the inflamed ears. CONCLUSIONS (99m)Tc-labeled cytokine ligands are a promising approach for detecting and understanding the inflammatory process. TFI may be more useful than the single-domain ligands for noninvasive detection of inflammatory sites.
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Wang X, Wang Y, Jiang M, Zhu Y, Hu L, Fan G, Wang Y, Li X, Gao X. Differential cardioprotective effects of salvianolic acid and tanshinone on acute myocardial infarction are mediated by unique signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 135:662-71. [PMID: 21497648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2010] [Revised: 03/06/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Salvianolic acid (SAL) and tanshinone (TAN) are major hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds, respectively, from one herbal medicine, Danshen, which has been widely and successfully used for treating cardiovascular diseases in Asian countries. Because few studies have reported different molecular mechanisms between the different compounds in same herb, we investigate if separate molecular pathways are involved in cardioprotective effect by different active components of Danshen. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used an acute myocardial infarction (MI) model to compare the cardioprotective effects of SAL and TAN in rats. Both infarct size and echocardiographic response were evaluated at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after surgery. Genes involved in ischemic injury and in responses to SAL or TAN treatment in ischemic hearts were identified by microarray analysis and verified by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. RESULTS Results showed that both SAL and TAN delay the development of ischemia by decreasing infarct size and improving systolic function post MI. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated different kinetics and gene expression profiles by SAL and TAN. SAL acts in a later period after ischemia, and its effect is probably mediated by downregulation of genes involved in oxidative stress, certain G-protein coupled receptor activities and apoptosis. On the other hand, TAN acts relatively early after ischemic injury and its effect is at least in part mediated by inhibition of intracellular calcium, cell adhesion and alternative complement pathway. Strikingly, we found that TAN, a recently identified member of selective estrogen receptor modifier (SERM), indeed regulates genes known to be involved in estrogen metabolism post MI. CONCLUSIONS Although both SAL and TAN contribute to the cardioprotective effect of Danshen, there are significant mechanistic and temporal differences between the two: TAN acts at an early stage after ischemic injury mainly by inhibition of intracellular calcium and cell adhesion pathways whereas SAL acts mainly by down-regulating apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
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Abstract
Environmental stressors such as chemicals and physical agents induce various oxidative stresses and affect human health. To elucidate their underlying mechanisms, etiology and risk, analyses of gene expression signatures in environmental stress-induced human diseases, including neuronal disorders, cancer and diabetes, are crucially important. Recent studies have clarified oxidative stress-induced signaling pathways in human and experimental animals. These pathways are classifiable into several categories: reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and antioxidant defenses, p53 pathway signaling, nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathway, hypoxia signaling, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand-receptor signaling, and mitochondrial function. This review describes the gene expression signatures through which environmental stressors induce oxidative stress and regulate signal transduction pathways in rodent and human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sone
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Collard E, Roy S. Improved function of diabetic wound-site macrophages and accelerated wound closure in response to oral supplementation of a fermented papaya preparation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 13:599-606. [PMID: 20095880 PMCID: PMC2935338 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.3039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Carica papaya Linn is widely known as a medicinal fruit. We sought to study a standardized fermented papaya preparation (FPP) for its effects on wound healing in adult obese diabetic (db/db) mice. FPP blunted the gain in blood glucose and improved the lipid profile after 8 weeks of oral supplementation. However, FPP did not influence weight gain during the supplementation period. FPP (0.2 g/kg body weight) supplementation for 8 weeks before wounding was effective in correcting wound closure. Studies on viable macrophages isolated from the wound site demonstrated that FPP supplementation improved respiratory-burst function as well as inducible NO production. Reactive oxygen species support numerous aspects of wound healing; NO availability in diabetic wounds is known to be compromised. Diabetic mice supplemented with FPP showed a higher abundance of CD68 as well as CD31 at the wound site, suggesting effective recruitment of monocytes and an improved proangiogenic response. This work provides the first evidence that diabetic-wound outcomes may benefit from FPP supplementation by specifically influencing the response of wound-site macrophages and the subsequent angiogenic response. Given that FPP has a long track record of safe human consumption, testing of the beneficial effects of FPP on diabetic wound-related outcomes in a clinical setting is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Collard
- Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) results in focal deprivation of blood-borne factors, one of them being oxygen. The purpose of this study was two-fold: (1) to identify therapeutic conditions for supplemental oxygen in AIS and (2) to use transcriptome-wide screening toward uncovering oxygen-sensitive mechanisms. Transient MCAO in rodents was used to delineate the therapeutic potential of normobaric (NBO, 100% O(2), 1ATA) and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO, 100% O(2), 2ATA) during ischemia (iNBO, iHBO) and after reperfusion (rNBO, rHBO). Stroke lesion was quantified using 4.7 T MRI at 48 h. Supplemental oxygen during AIS significantly attenuated percent stroke hemisphere lesion volume as compared with that in room air (RA) controls, whereas identical treatment immediately after reperfusion exacerbated lesion volume (RA=22.4+/-1.8, iNBO=9.9+/-3.6, iHBO=6.6+/-4.8, rNBO=29.8+/-3.6, rHBO=35.4+/-7.6). iNBO and iHBO corrected penumbra tissue pO(2) during AIS as measured by EPR oxymetry. Unbiased query of oxygen-sensitive transcriptome in stroke-affected tissue identified 5,769 differentially expressed genes. Candidate genes were verified by real-time PCR using neurons laser-captured from the stroke-affected somatosensory cortex. Directed microarray analysis showed that supplemental oxygen limited leukocyte accumulation to the infarct site by attenuation of stroke-inducible proinflammatory chemokine response. The findings provide key information relevant to understanding oxygen-dependent molecular mechanisms in the AIS-affected brain.
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Roy S, Khanna S, Azad A, Schnitt R, He G, Weigert C, Ichijo H, Sen CK. Fra-2 mediates oxygen-sensitive induction of transforming growth factor beta in cardiac fibroblasts. Cardiovasc Res 2010; 87:647-55. [PMID: 20427335 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS In the ischaemia-reperfused heart, transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) proteins trigger the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) contributing to fibrosis. Reoxygenation of the heart, in addition to being a trigger for reperfusion injury, induces tissue remodelling by hyperoxia-sensitive signalling processes involving TGFbeta. Here, we sought to characterize the molecular mechanisms responsible for the O(2)-sensitive transcriptional induction of TGFbeta in murine CF and to test the significance of such findings in the infarcted myocardium in vivo using laser capture microdissection. METHODS AND RESULTS All three isoforms of TGFbeta were induced in the CF-rich peri-infarct tissue as well as in CF exposed to hyperoxic challenge. Reporter studies demonstrated that TGFbeta transcription is hyperoxia inducible. Deletion of any one or both of the activating protein-1 (AP-1) binding sites in the TGFbeta reporter construct resulted in loss of O(2) sensitivity, demonstrating that AP-1 confers O(2) sensitivity to TGFbeta transcription. Fos-related AP-1 transcription factor (Fra-2) and Ask-1 (apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1) were identified as key mediators of AP-1-dependent O(2)-sensitive TGFbeta transcription. Knockdown of Fra-2 significantly blunted O(2)-induced expression of TGFbeta1 as well as TGFbeta3 in CF. Knockdown of Ask-1 blunted hyperoxia-induced Fra-2 gene expression and nuclear localization in CF. Collectively, these observations point towards a central role of Ask-1 and Fra-2 in O(2)-inducible AP-1 activation and induction of TGFbeta. CONCLUSION Taken together with the observation that Fra-2-regulated genes are implicated in fibrosis, identification of Fra-2 as an O(2)-sensitive transcriptional regulator of inducible TGFbeta expression positions Fra-2 as an important player in reoxygenation-induced fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashwati Roy
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, 513 Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Nakamuta JS, Danoviz ME, Marques FLN, dos Santos L, Becker C, Gonçalves GA, Vassallo PF, Schettert IT, Tucci PJF, Krieger JE. Cell therapy attenuates cardiac dysfunction post myocardial infarction: effect of timing, routes of injection and a fibrin scaffold. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6005. [PMID: 19547700 PMCID: PMC2695782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cell therapy approaches for biologic cardiac repair hold great promises, although basic fundamental issues remain poorly understood. In the present study we examined the effects of timing and routes of administration of bone marrow cells (BMC) post-myocardial infarction (MI) and the efficacy of an injectable biopolymer scaffold to improve cardiac cell retention and function. Methodology/Principal Findings 99mTc-labeled BMC (6×106 cells) were injected by 4 different routes in adult rats: intravenous (IV), left ventricular cavity (LV), left ventricular cavity with temporal aorta occlusion (LV+) to mimic coronary injection, and intramyocardial (IM). The injections were performed 1, 2, 3, or 7 days post-MI and cell retention was estimated by γ-emission counting of the organs excised 24 hs after cell injection. IM injection improved cell retention and attenuated cardiac dysfunction, whereas IV, LV or LV* routes were somewhat inefficient (<1%). Cardiac BMC retention was not influenced by timing except for the IM injection that showed greater cell retention at 7 (16%) vs. 1, 2 or 3 (average of 7%) days post-MI. Cardiac cell retention was further improved by an injectable fibrin scaffold at day 3 post-MI (17 vs. 7%), even though morphometric and function parameters evaluated 4 weeks later displayed similar improvements. Conclusions/Significance These results show that cells injected post-MI display comparable tissue distribution profile regardless of the route of injection and that there is no time effect for cardiac cell accumulation for injections performed 1 to 3 days post-MI. As expected the IM injection is the most efficient for cardiac cell retention, it can be further improved by co-injection with a fibrin scaffold and it significantly attenuates cardiac dysfunction evaluated 4 weeks post myocardial infarction. These pharmacokinetic data obtained under similar experimental conditions are essential for further development of these novel approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S. Nakamuta
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria E. Danoviz
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio L. N. Marques
- Radiopharmacy Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Center, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo dos Santos
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Cardiac Physiology and Pathophysiology Laboratory, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Becker
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana A. Gonçalves
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula F. Vassallo
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isolmar T. Schettert
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo J. F. Tucci
- Cardiac Physiology and Pathophysiology Laboratory, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose E. Krieger
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Roy S, Biswas S, Khanna S, Gordillo G, Bergdall V, Green J, Marsh CB, Gould LJ, Sen CK. Characterization of a preclinical model of chronic ischemic wound. Physiol Genomics 2009; 37:211-24. [PMID: 19293328 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.90362.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic ischemic wounds presenting at wound clinics are heterogeneous with respect to etiology, age of the wound, and other factors complicating wound healing. In addition, there are ethical challenges associated with collecting repeated biopsies from a patient to develop an understanding of the temporal dynamics of the mechanisms underlying chronic wounds. The need for a preclinical model of ischemic wound is therefore compelling. The porcine model is widely accepted as an excellent preclinical model for human wounds. A full-thickness bipedicle flap approach was adopted to cause skin ischemia. Closure of excisional wounds placed on ischemic tissue was severely impaired resulting in chronic wounds. Histologically, ischemic wounds suffered from impaired re-epithelialization, delayed macrophage recruitment and poorer endothelial cell abundance and organization. Compared with the pair-matched nonischemic wound, unique aspects of the ischemic wound biology were examined on days 3, 7, 14, and 28 by systematic screening of the wound tissue transcriptome using high-density porcine GeneChips. Ischemia markedly potentiated the expression of arginase-1, a cytosolic enzyme that metabolizes the precursor of nitric oxide l-arginine. Ischemia also induced the SOD2 in the wound tissue perhaps as survival response of the challenged tissue. Human chronic wounds also demonstrated elevated expression of SOD2 and arginase-1. This study provides a thorough database that may serve as a valuable reference tool to develop novel hypotheses aiming to elucidate the biology of ischemic chronic wounds in a preclinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashwati Roy
- Comprehensive Wound Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Khanna S, Park HA, Sen CK, Golakoti T, Sengupta K, Venkateswarlu S, Roy S. Neuroprotective and antiinflammatory properties of a novel demethylated curcuminoid. Antioxid Redox Signal 2009; 11:449-68. [PMID: 18724833 PMCID: PMC2787730 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2008.2230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2008] [Revised: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A demethylated derivative of curcumin (DC; 67.8% bisdemethylcurcumin, 20.7% demethylmonodemethoxycurcumin, 5.86% bisdemethoxycurcumin, 2.58% demethylcurcumin) was prepared by using a 95% extract of curcumin (C(95); 72.2% curcumin, 18.8% monodemethoxycurcumin, 4.5% bisdemethoxycurcumin). DC increased glutathione and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HT4 neuronal cells. In a model of glutamate-induced death of HT4, DC was more effective than C(95) in neuroprotection. The protective effects of DC were retained even when DC was withdrawn from culture media after pretreatment. DC treatment, unlike an equal dose of C(95), completely spared glutamate-induced loss of cellular GSH. Both DC and C(95) prevented glutamate-induced elevation of cellular ROS but failed to attenuate glutamate-induced elevation of intracellular calcium. In human microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs) challenged with TNF-alpha, GeneChip analysis revealed that only a subcluster of 23 TNF-alpha-inducible genes were uniquely sensitive to C(95). In sharp contrast, 1,065 TNF-alpha-inducible genes were sensitive to DC but not to C(95), suggesting that DC was more effective in antagonizing the effects of TNF-alpha on HMECs. Functional analysis identified that the genes uniquely sensitive to DC belonged in four functional categories: cytokine-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, cell adhesion, and apoptosis. Real-time PCR as well as ELISA studies demonstrated that TNF-alpha-inducible CXCL10 and CXCL11 expression was sensitive to DC but not to C(95). Flow-cytometry studies recognized ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 as TNF-alpha-inducible adhesion molecules that were uniquely sensitive to DC. Taken together, DC exhibited promising neuroprotective and antiinflammatory properties that must be characterized in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savita Khanna
- Departments of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Han-A Park
- Departments of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Chandan K. Sen
- Departments of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | | | | | - Sashwati Roy
- Departments of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
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Roy S, Khanna S, Hussain SRA, Biswas S, Azad A, Rink C, Gnyawali S, Shilo S, Nuovo GJ, Sen CK. MicroRNA expression in response to murine myocardial infarction: miR-21 regulates fibroblast metalloprotease-2 via phosphatase and tensin homologue. Cardiovasc Res 2009; 82:21-9. [PMID: 19147652 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvp015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 482] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by either degradation or translational repression of a target mRNA. Encoded in the genome of most eukaryotes, miRNAs have been proposed to regulate specifically up to 90% of human genes through a process known as miRNA-guided RNA silencing. For the first time, we sought to test how myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) changes miR expression. METHODS AND RESULTS Following 2 and 7 h of IR or sham operation, myocardial tissue was collected and subjected to miRNA expression profiling and quantification using a Bioarray system that screens for human-, mice-, rat-, and Ambi-miR. Data mining and differential analyses resulted in 13 miRs that were up-regulated on day 2, 9 miRs that were up-regulated on day 7, and 6 miRs that were down-regulated on day 7 post-IR. Results randomly selected from expression profiling were validated using real-time PCR. Tissue elements laser-captured from the infarct site showed marked induction of miR-21. In situ hybridization studies using locked nucleic acid miR-21-specific probe identified that IR-inducible miR-21 was specifically localized in the infarct region of the IR heart. Immunohistochemistry data show that cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) are the major cell type in the infarct zone. Studies with isolated CFs demonstrated that phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) is a direct target of miR-21. Modulation of miR-21 regulated expression of matrix metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2) via a PTEN pathway. Finally, we noted a marked decrease in PTEN expression in the infarct zone. This decrease was associated with increased MMP-2 expression in the infarct area. CONCLUSION This work constitutes the first report describing changes in miR expression in response to IR in the mouse heart, showing that miR-21 regulates MMP-2 expression in CFs of the infarct zone via a PTEN pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashwati Roy
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Amplification of mRNA from laser-microdissected single or clustered cells in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues for application in quantitative real-time PCR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 17:101-6. [PMID: 18382351 DOI: 10.1097/pdm.0b013e318163f26e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The determination of marker genes and gene clusters involved in disease pathogenesis is increasingly contingent on high-throughput methods of gene expression profiling. However, the concurrently increasing application of mRNA from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue archives, as well as cell-type-specific approaches by laser-assisted microdissection, frequently results in very small and degraded quantities of RNA. Therefore, a successful amplification of cell-type-specific mRNA targets from FFPE tissues becomes more and more essential. To optimize the hitherto limited technical options, we applied 3 commercial amplification kits on FFPE single cells. We thereby determined the approach of target-specific cDNA amplification as being notably appropriate for subsequent real-time polymerase chain reaction, as a constant decrease of CT values by 14 polymerase chain reaction cycles could be demonstrated.
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Roy S, Khanna S, Rink C, Biswas S, Sen CK. Characterization of the acute temporal changes in excisional murine cutaneous wound inflammation by screening of the wound-edge transcriptome. Physiol Genomics 2008; 34:162-84. [PMID: 18460641 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00045.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This work represents a maiden effort to systematically screen the transcriptome of the healing wound-edge tissue temporally using high-density GeneChips. Changes during the acute inflammatory phase of murine excisional wounds were characterized histologically. Sets of genes that significantly changed in expression during healing could be segregated into the following five sets: up-early (6-24 h; cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway), up-intermediary (12-96 h; leukocyte-endothelial interaction pathway), up-late (48-96 h; cell-cycle pathway), down-early (6-12 h; purine metabolism) and down-intermediary (12-96 h; oxidative phosphorylation pathway). Results from microarray and real-time PCR analyses were consistent. Results listing all genes that were significantly changed at any specific time point were further mined for cell-type (neutrophils, macrophages, endothelial, fibroblasts, and pluripotent stem cells) specificity. Candidate genes were also clustered on the basis of their functional annotation, linking them to inflammation, angiogenesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), or extracellular matrix (ECM) categories. Rapid induction of genes encoding NADPH oxidase subunits and downregulation of catalase in response to wounding is consistent with the fact that low levels of endogenous H2O2 is required for wound healing. Angiogenic genes, previously not connected to cutaneous wound healing, that were induced in the healing wound-edge included adiponectin, epiregulin, angiomotin, Nogo, and VEGF-B. This study provides a digested database that may serve as a valuable reference tool to develop novel hypotheses aiming to elucidate the biology of cutaneous wound healing comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashwati Roy
- Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Ojha N, Roy S, Radtke J, Simonetti O, Gnyawali S, Zweier JL, Kuppusamy P, Sen CK. Characterization of the structural and functional changes in the myocardium following focal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 294:H2435-43. [PMID: 18375718 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01190.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
High-resolution (11.7 T) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological approaches have been employed in tandem to characterize the secondary damage suffered by the murine myocardium following the initial insult caused by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). I/R-induced changes in the myocardium were examined in five separate groups at the following time points after I/R: 1 h, day 1, day 3, day 7, and day 14. The infarct volume increased from 1 h to day 1 post-I/R. Over time, the loss of myocardial function was observed to be associated with increased infarct volume and worsened regional wall motion. In the infarct region, I/R caused a decrease in end-systolic thickness coupled with small changes in end-diastolic thickness, leading to massive wall thickening abnormalities. In addition, compromised wall thickening was also observed in left ventricular regions adjacent to the infarct region. A tight correlation (r2 = 0.85) between measured MRI and triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) infarct volumes was noted. Our observation that until day 3 post-I/R the infarct size as measured by TTC staining and MRI was much larger than that of the myocyte-silent regions in trichrome- or hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections is consistent with the literature and leads to the conclusion that at such an early phase, the infarct site contains structurally intact myocytes that are functionally compromised. Over time, such affected myocytes were noted to structurally disappear, resulting in consistent infarct sizes obtained from MRI and TTC as well as trichrome and hematoxylin-eosin analyses on day 7 following I/R. Myocardial remodeling following I/R includes secondary myocyte death followed by the loss of cardiac function over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navdeep Ojha
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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Fischer P, Hilfiker-Kleiner D. Role of gp130-mediated signalling pathways in the heart and its impact on potential therapeutic aspects. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 153 Suppl 1:S414-27. [PMID: 18246092 DOI: 10.1038/bjp.2008.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-6-type cytokines bind to plasma membrane receptor complexes containing the common signal transducing receptor chain gp130 that is ubiquitously expressed in most tissues including the heart. The two major signalling cascades activated by the gp130 receptor, SHP2/ERK and STAT pathways, have been demonstrated to play important roles in cardiac development, hypertrophy, protection and remodelling in response to physiological and pathophysiological stimuli. Experimental data, both in vivo and in vitro, imply beneficial effects of gp130 signalling on cardiomyocytes in terms of growth and survival. In contrast, it has been reported that elevated serum levels of IL-6 cytokines and gp130 proteins are strong prognostic markers for morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure or after myocardial infarction. Moreover, it has been shown that the local gp130 receptor system is altered in failing human hearts. In the present review, we summarize the basic principles of gp130 signalling, which requires simultaneous activation of STAT and ERK pathways under the tight control of positive and negative intracellular signalling modulators to provide a balanced biological outcome. Furthermore, we highlight the key role of the gp130 receptor and its major downstream effectors in the heart in terms of development and regeneration and in response to various physiological and pathophysiological stress situations. Finally, we comment on tissue-specific diversity and challenges in targeted pharmacological interference with components of the gp130 receptor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Fischer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Roy S, Shah H, Rink C, Khanna S, Bagchi D, Bagchi M, Sen CK. Transcriptome of primary adipocytes from obese women in response to a novel hydroxycitric acid-based dietary supplement. DNA Cell Biol 2007; 26:627-39. [PMID: 17708719 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2007.0617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a global public health problem. Traditional herbal medicines may have some potential in managing obesity. The dried fruit rind of Garcinia cambogia, also known as Malabar tamarind, is a unique source of (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA), which exhibits a distinct sour taste and has been safely used for centuries in Southeastern Asia to make meals more filling. Recently it has been demonstrated that when taken orally, a novel, highly soluble calcium/potassium salt of HCA (HCA-SX) is safe and bioavailable in the human plasma. Although HCA-SX seems to be conditionally effective in weight management in experimental animals and in humans, its mechanism of action remains unclear. METHODS In this study, subcutaneous preadipocytes collected from obese women with body mass index>25 kg/m2 were differentiated to adipocytes for 2 weeks in culture. The effects of low-dose HCA-SX on lipid metabolism and on the adipocyte transcriptome were tested. HCA-SX augmented isoproterenol- and 3-isobutyryl-1-methylxanthine-induced lipolysis. Using oil red O, the production of lipid storage droplets by the cultured mature human adipocytes was visualized and enumerated. RESULTS HCA-SX caused droplet dispersion facilitating lipase action on the lipids. HCA-SX markedly induced leptin expression in the adipocytes. In the microarray analyses, a total of 54,676 probe sets were screened. HCA-SX resulted in significant down-regulation of 348, and induction of 366 fat- and obesity-related genes. HCA-SX induced transactivation of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), a novel approach in the management of obesity. CONCLUSION Taken together, the net effects support the antilipolytic and antiadipogenic effects of HCA-SX. Further human studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashwati Roy
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and the Microarray Core Facility, Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Espina V, Wulfkuhle JD, Calvert VS, VanMeter A, Zhou W, Coukos G, Geho DH, Petricoin EF, Liotta LA. Laser-capture microdissection. Nat Protoc 2007; 1:586-603. [PMID: 17406286 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2006.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Deciphering the cellular and molecular interactions that drive disease within the tissue microenvironment holds promise for discovering drug targets of the future. In order to recapitulate the in vivo interactions thorough molecular analysis, one must be able to analyze specific cell populations within the context of their heterogeneous tissue microecology. Laser-capture microdissection (LCM) is a method to procure subpopulations of tissue cells under direct microscopic visualization. LCM technology can harvest the cells of interest directly or can isolate specific cells by cutting away unwanted cells to give histologically pure enriched cell populations. A variety of downstream applications exist: DNA genotyping and loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) analysis, RNA transcript profiling, cDNA library generation, proteomics discovery and signal-pathway profiling. Herein we provide a thorough description of LCM techniques, with an emphasis on tips and troubleshooting advice derived from LCM users. The total time required to carry out this protocol is typically 1-1.5 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Espina
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, 10900 University Blvd. MS 4E3, Manassas, Virginia, USA
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Roy S, Khanna S, Rink T, Radtke J, Williams WT, Biswas S, Schnitt R, Strauch AR, Sen CK. P21waf1/cip1/sdi1 as a central regulator of inducible smooth muscle actin expression and differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Mol Biol Cell 2007; 18:4837-46. [PMID: 17881730 PMCID: PMC2096602 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e07-03-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenotypic switch of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) to myofibroblasts is essential for normal and pathological wound healing. Relative hyperoxic challenge during reoxygenation causes myocardial remodeling. Here, we sought to characterize the novel O(2)-sensitive molecular mechanisms responsible for triggering the differentiation of CFs to myofibroblasts. Exposure of CFs to hyperoxic challenge-induced transcription of smooth muscle actin (SMA) and enhanced the stability of both Acta2 transcript as well as of SMA protein. Both p21 deficiency as well as knockdown blunted hyperoxia-induced Acta2 and SMA response. Strikingly, overexpression of p21 alone markedly induced differentiation of CFs under normoxia. Overexpression of p21 alone induced SMA transcription by down-regulating YB1 and independent of TGFbeta1. In vivo, hyperoxic challenge induced p21-dependent differentiation of CFs to myofibroblasts in the infarct boundary region of ischemia-reperfused heart. Tissue elements were laser-captured from infarct boundary and from a noninfarct region 0.5 mm away. Reperfusion caused marked p21 induction in the infarct region. Acta2 as well as SMA expression were markedly up-regulated in CF-rich infarct boundary region. Of note, ischemia-reperfusion-induced up-regulation of Acta2 in the infarct region was completely abrogated in p21-deficient mice. This observation establishes p21 as a central regulator of reperfusion-induced phenotypic switch of CFs to myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashwati Roy
- *Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Surgery, and
| | - Savita Khanna
- *Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Surgery, and
| | - Trenton Rink
- *Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Surgery, and
| | - Jared Radtke
- *Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Surgery, and
| | | | | | - Rebecca Schnitt
- *Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Surgery, and
| | - Arthur R. Strauch
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Chandan K. Sen
- *Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Surgery, and
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Westberg JA, Serlachius M, Lankila P, Andersson LC. Hypoxic preconditioning induces elevated expression of stanniocalcin-1 in the heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007; 293:H1766-71. [PMID: 17573464 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00017.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Animals exposed for a few hours to low oxygen content (8%) develop resistance against further ischemic myocardial damage. The molecular mechanism(s) behind this phenomenon, known as hypoxic preconditioning (HOPC), is still incompletely understood. Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) is an evolutionarily conserved glycoprotein originally discovered in fish, in which it regulates calcium/phosphate homeostasis and protects against toxic hypercalcemia. Our group originally reported expression of mammalian STC-1 in brain neurons and showed that STC-1 is a prosurvival factor that guards neurons against hypercalcemic and hypoxic damage. This study investigates the involvement of STC-1 in HOPC-induced cardioprotection. Wild-type mice and IL-6-deficient ( Il-6−/−) mice were kept in hypoxic conditions (8% O2) for 6 h. Myocardial Stc-1 mRNA expression was quantified during hypoxia and after recovery. HOPC triggered a biphasic upregulation of Stc-1 expression in hearts of wild-type mice but not in those of Il-6−/−mice. Treatment of cardiomyocyte cells in culture with hypoxia or IL-6 elicited an Stc-1 response, and ectopically expressed STC-1 in HL-1 cells localized to the mitochondria. Our findings indicate that IL-6-induced expression of STC-1 is one molecular mechanism behind the ischemic tolerance generated by HOPC in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan A Westberg
- Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Roy S, Patel D, Khanna S, Gordillo GM, Biswas S, Friedman A, Sen CK. Transcriptome-wide analysis of blood vessels laser captured from human skin and chronic wound-edge tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:14472-7. [PMID: 17728400 PMCID: PMC1964861 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0706793104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds represent a substantial public health problem. The development of tools that would enable sophisticated scrutiny of clinical wound tissue material is highly desirable. This work presents evidence enabling rapid specific identification and laser capture of blood vessels from human tissue in a manner which lends itself to successful high-density (U133A) microarray analysis. Such screening of transcriptome followed by real-time PCR and immunohistochemical verification of candidate genes and their corresponding products were performed by using 3 mm biopsies. Of the 18,400 transcripts and variants screened, a focused set of 53 up-regulated and 24 down-regulated genes were noted in wound-derived blood vessels compared with blood vessels from intact human skin. The mean abundance of periostin in wound-site blood vessels was 96-fold higher. Periostin is known to be induced in response to vascular injury and its expression is associated with smooth muscle cell differentiation in vitro and promotes cell migration. Forty-fold higher expression of heparan sulfate 6-O-endosulfatase1 (Sulf1) was noted in wound-site vessels. Sulf1 has been recently recognized to be anti-angiogenic. During embryonic vasculogenesis, CD24 expression is down-regulated in human embryonic stem cells. Wound-site vessels had lower CD24 expression. The findings of this work provide a unique opportunity to appreciate the striking contrast in the transcriptome composition in blood vessels collected from the intact skin and from the wound-edge tissue. Sets of genes with known vascular functions but never connected to wound healing were identified to be differentially expressed in wound-derived blood vessels paving the way for innovative clinically relevant hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashwati Roy
- *Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: or
| | - Darshan Patel
- *Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| | - Savita Khanna
- *Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| | - Gayle M. Gordillo
- *Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| | - Sabyasachi Biswas
- *Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| | - Avner Friedman
- *Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
- The Mathematical Bioscience Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: or
| | - Chandan K. Sen
- *Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
- The Mathematical Bioscience Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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Roesner JP, Petzelbauer P, Koch A, Mersmann J, Zacharowski PA, Boehm O, Reingruber S, Pasteiner W, Mascher D, Wolzt M, Barthuber C, Nöldge-Schomburg GEF, Scheeren TWL, Zacharowski K. The fibrin-derived peptide Bbeta15-42 is cardioprotective in a pig model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:1730-5. [PMID: 17522584 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000269035.30231.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The fibrin-derived peptide Bbeta15-42 has been shown to reduce infarct size in rodent models of ischemia-reperfusion injury. To increase its potential for translation into the clinic, we studied the effects of Bbeta15-42 in pigs, whose coronary anatomy is similar to that of humans. In addition, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics and safety of Bbeta15-42 in several species, including humans. DESIGN Animal study and phase I trial. SETTING University hospital and contract research laboratories. SUBJECTS Pigs/healthy volunteers. INTERVENTIONS Male farm-bred Landrace pigs were subjected to 1 hr of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by 3 hrs of reperfusion. At the time of reperfusion, Bbeta15-42 (2.4 mg/kg, n = 6) or random peptide (control; 2.4 mg/kg, n = 6) was administered as an intravenous bolus. As a positive control, pigs were subjected to ischemic preconditioning (n = 6). Cardiac damage and hemodynamics were recorded. Biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of Bbeta15-42 were determined in rats and dogs. In a phase I trial involving 30 male healthy volunteers, pharmacokinetics and safety were tested in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, single ascending dose study. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Bbeta15-42 and ischemic preconditioning significantly reduced myocardial infarct size and troponin I levels. Bbeta15-42 also reduces interleukin-6 levels, underlining its anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, in humans, the pharmacokinetics of the peptide Bbeta15-42 were comparable to those of animals, and no serious adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS Bbeta15-42 elicits cardioprotection in pigs and is clinically safe in phase I testing of humans. This study confirms the new concept of a pathogenic role of fibrin derivatives in myocardial reperfusion injury, which can be inhibited by peptide Bbeta15-42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan P Roesner
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital Rostock, Germany
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Park I, Hong SE, Kim TW, Lee J, Oh J, Choi E, Han C, Lee H, Han Kim D, Cho C. Comprehensive identification and characterization of novel cardiac genes in mouse. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2007; 43:93-106. [PMID: 17599348 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2007.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2007] [Revised: 05/14/2007] [Accepted: 05/15/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive understanding of the molecular and physiological events occurring in cardiac muscle requires identification of unknown genes expressed in this tissue. We analyzed the mouse cardiac muscle UniGene library containing 827 gene-oriented transcript clusters, predicting that 19% of these genes are unknown. We systematically identified 15 authentic novel genes abundantly expressed in cardiac muscle. Northern blot analysis revealed transcriptional characteristics of the genes, such as transcript size and presence of isoforms. Transfection assays performed using various cell lines including mouse cardiac muscle cells provided information on the cellular characteristics of the novel proteins. Using correlation analysis, we identified co-regulated genes from previously reported microarray data sets. Our in silico and in vitro data suggest that a number of the novel genes are implicated in calcium metabolism, mitochondrial functions and gene transcription. In particular, we obtained new and direct evidence that one of the novel proteins is a calcium-binding protein. Taken together, we identified and characterized a number of novel cardiac genes by integrative approach. Our inclusive data establish a firm basis for future investigation into the cardiac gene network and functions of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inju Park
- Department of Life Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea
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