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Seoni S, Shahini A, Meiburger KM, Marzola F, Rotunno G, Acharya UR, Molinari F, Salvi M. All you need is data preparation: A systematic review of image harmonization techniques in Multi-center/device studies for medical support systems. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2024; 250:108200. [PMID: 38677080 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2024.108200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Artificial intelligence (AI) models trained on multi-centric and multi-device studies can provide more robust insights and research findings compared to single-center studies. However, variability in acquisition protocols and equipment can introduce inconsistencies that hamper the effective pooling of multi-source datasets. This systematic review evaluates strategies for image harmonization, which standardizes appearances to enable reliable AI analysis of multi-source medical imaging. METHODS A literature search using PRISMA guidelines was conducted to identify relevant papers published between 2013 and 2023 analyzing multi-centric and multi-device medical imaging studies that utilized image harmonization approaches. RESULTS Common image harmonization techniques included grayscale normalization (improving classification accuracy by up to 24.42 %), resampling (increasing the percentage of robust radiomics features from 59.5 % to 89.25 %), and color normalization (enhancing AUC by up to 0.25 in external test sets). Initially, mathematical and statistical methods dominated, but machine and deep learning adoption has risen recently. Color imaging modalities like digital pathology and dermatology have remained prominent application areas, though harmonization efforts have expanded to diverse fields including radiology, nuclear medicine, and ultrasound imaging. In all the modalities covered by this review, image harmonization improved AI performance, with increasing of up to 24.42 % in classification accuracy and 47 % in segmentation Dice scores. CONCLUSIONS Continued progress in image harmonization represents a promising strategy for advancing healthcare by enabling large-scale, reliable analysis of integrated multi-source datasets using AI. Standardizing imaging data across clinical settings can help realize personalized, evidence-based care supported by data-driven technologies while mitigating biases associated with specific populations or acquisition protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Seoni
- Biolab, PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alen Shahini
- Biolab, PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Kristen M Meiburger
- Biolab, PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Marzola
- Biolab, PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Rotunno
- Biolab, PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - U Rajendra Acharya
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia; Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Australia
| | - Filippo Molinari
- Biolab, PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Salvi
- Biolab, PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy.
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Zhang CL, Maccarone JR, Grady ST, Collins CM, Moy ML, Hart JE, Kang CM, Coull BA, Schwartz JD, Koutrakis P, Garshick E. Indoor and ambient black carbon and fine particulate matter associations with blood biomarkers in COPD patients. Sci Total Environ 2024; 927:171897. [PMID: 38522542 PMCID: PMC11090036 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic inflammation contributes to cardiovascular risk and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathophysiology. Associations between systemic inflammation and exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM ≤ 2.5 μm diameter; PM2.5), and black carbon (BC), a PM2.5 component attributable to traffic and other sources of combustion, infiltrating indoors are not well described. METHODS Between 2012 and 2017, COPD patients completed in-home air sampling over one-week intervals, up to four times (seasonally), followed by measurement of plasma biomarkers of systemic inflammation, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and endothelial activation, soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1). Ambient PM2.5, BC and sulfur were measured at a central site. The ratio of indoor/ambient sulfur in PM2.5, a surrogate for fine particle infiltration, was used to estimate indoor BC and PM2.5 of ambient origin. Linear mixed effects regression with a random intercept for each participant was used to assess associations between indoor and indoor of ambient origin PM2.5 and BC with each biomarker. RESULTS 144 participants resulting in 482 observations were included in the analysis. There were significant positive associations between indoor BC and indoor BC of ambient origin with CRP [%-increase per interquartile range (IQR);95 % CI (13.2 %;5.2-21.8 and 11.4 %;1.7-22.1, respectively)]. Associations with indoor PM2.5 and indoor PM2.5 of ambient origin were weaker. There were no associations with IL-6 or sVCAM-1. CONCLUSIONS In homes of patients with COPD without major sources of combustion, indoor BC is mainly attributable to the infiltration of ambient sources of combustion indoors. Indoor BC of ambient origin is associated with increases in systemic inflammation in patients with COPD, even when staying indoors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy L Zhang
- Research and Development Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA 02132, USA
| | - Jennifer R Maccarone
- Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine Section, Medical Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, Boston, MA 02132, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Stephanie T Grady
- Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Christina M Collins
- Research and Development Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA 02132, USA
| | - Marilyn L Moy
- Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine Section, Medical Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, Boston, MA 02132, USA; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jaime E Hart
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Choong-Min Kang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joel D Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eric Garshick
- Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine Section, Medical Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, Boston, MA 02132, USA; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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3
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Ji S, Guo Y, Yan W, Wei F, Ding J, Hong W, Wu X, Ku T, Yue H, Sang N. PM 2.5 exposure contributes to anxiety and depression-like behaviors via phenyl-containing compounds interfering with dopamine receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2319595121. [PMID: 38739786 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2319595121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
As a global problem, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) really needs local fixes. Considering the increasing epidemiological relevance to anxiety and depression but inconsistent toxicological results, the most important question is to clarify whether and how PM2.5 causally contributes to these mental disorders and which components are the most dangerous for crucial mitigation in a particular place. In the present study, we chronically subjected male mice to a real-world PM2.5 exposure system throughout the winter heating period in a coal combustion area and revealed that PM2.5 caused anxiety and depression-like behaviors in adults such as restricted activity, diminished exploratory interest, enhanced repetitive stereotypy, and elevated acquired immobility, through behavioral tests including open field, elevated plus maze, marble-burying, and forced swimming tests. Importantly, we found that dopamine signaling was perturbed using mRNA transcriptional profile and bioinformatics analysis, with Drd1 as a potential target. Subsequently, we developed the Drd1 expression-directed multifraction isolating and nontarget identifying framework and identified a total of 209 compounds in PM2.5 organic extracts capable of reducing Drd1 expression. Furthermore, by applying hierarchical characteristic fragment analysis and molecular docking and dynamics simulation, we clarified that phenyl-containing compounds competitively bound to DRD1 and interfered with dopamine signaling, thereby contributing to mental disorders. Taken together, this work provides experimental evidence for researchers and clinicians to identify hazardous factors in PM2.5 and prevent adverse health outcomes and for local governments and municipalities to control source emissions for diminishing specific disease burdens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyang Ji
- Department of Environment Science, College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqiong Guo
- Department of Environment Science, College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Environment Science, College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wei
- Department of Environment Engineering, College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjian Ding
- Department of Environment Engineering, College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Hong
- Department of Environment Engineering, College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Department of Environment Science, College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Ku
- Department of Environment Science, College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifeng Yue
- Department of Environment Science, College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Sang
- Department of Environment Science, College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
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4
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Clark JB, Allen HC. Interfacial carbonyl groups of propylene carbonate facilitate the reversible binding of nitrogen dioxide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 38767271 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01382d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The interaction of NO2 with organic interfaces is critical in the development of NO2 sensing and trapping technologies, and equally so to the atmospheric processing of marine and continental aerosol. Recent studies point to the importance of surface oxygen groups in these systems, however the role of specific functional groups on the microscopic level has yet to be fully established. In the present study, we aim to provide fundamental information on the interaction and potential binding of NO2 at atmospherically relevant organic interfaces that may also help inform innovation in NO2 sensing and trapping development. We then present an investigation into the structural changes induced by NO2 at the surface of propylene carbonate (PC), an environmentally relevant carbonate ester. Surface-sensitive vibrational spectra of the PC liquid surface are acquired before, during, and after exposure to NO2 using infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS). Analysis of vibrational changes at the liquid surface reveal that NO2 preferentially interacts with the carbonyl of PC at the interface, forming a distribution of binding symmetries. At low ppm levels, NO2 saturates the PC surface within 10 minutes and the perturbations to the surface are constant over time during the flow of NO2. Upon removal of NO2 flow, and under atmospheric pressures, these interactions are reversible, and the liquid surface structure of PC recovers completely within 30 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica B Clark
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - Heather C Allen
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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5
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Correia C, Santana P, Martins V, Mariano P, Almeida A, Almeida SM. Advancing air quality monitoring: A low-cost sensor network in motion - Part I. J Environ Manage 2024; 360:121179. [PMID: 38761627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
In urban areas, high levels of air pollution pose significant risks to human health, emphasising the need for detailed air quality (AQ) monitoring. However, traditional AQ monitoring relies on the data from Reference Monitoring Stations, which are sparsely distributed and provide only hourly or daily data, failing to capture the spatial and temporal variability of air pollutant concentrations. Addressing this challenge, we introduce in this article the ExpoLIS system, an all-weather mobile AQ monitoring system that integrates various AQ low-cost sensors (LCSs), providing high spatio-temporal resolution data. This study demonstrates that the inclusion of an extended sampling device may mitigate the effect of the meteorological parameters and other disturbances on readings. At the same time, it did not reduce the quality of the data, both in static conditions and in motion, as we were able to maintain a certain level of agreement between the LCSs. In conclusion, the ExpoLIS system proves its versatility by enabling the collection of large quantities of accurate data, allowing a deeper understanding of the AQ dynamics in urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Correia
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela, Portugal.
| | - Pedro Santana
- ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Av. Das Forças Armadas, 1649-026, Lisboa, Portugal; ISTAR-Information Sciences and Technologies and Architecture Research Center, Av. Das Forças Armadas, 1649-026, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vânia Martins
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Pedro Mariano
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela, Portugal; ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Av. Das Forças Armadas, 1649-026, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Almeida
- ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Av. Das Forças Armadas, 1649-026, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Telecomunicações, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Susana Marta Almeida
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela, Portugal
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Tassanaviroj K, Plodpai P, Wongyikul P, Tanasombatkul K, Shinlapawittayatorn K, Phinyo P. Effect modification of diabetic status on the association between exposure to particulate matter and cardiac arrhythmias in a general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301766. [PMID: 38758819 PMCID: PMC11101100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) has various health effects, including cardiovascular diseases. Exposure to PM and a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) have been associated with an increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias. However, no comprehensive synthesis has been conducted to examine the modifying effect of DM on the association between PM and arrhythmia events. Thus, the objectives of this review were to investigate whether the association of PM is linked to cardiac arrhythmias and whether DM status modifies its effect in the general population. The search was conducted on PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase until January 18, 2023. We included cohort and case-crossover studies reporting the effect of PM exposure on cardiac arrhythmias and examining the role of diabetes as an effect modifier. We used the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model to calculate the pooled estimates. A total of 217 studies were found and subsequently screened. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria, and five of them were included in the meta-analysis. The participants numbered 4,431,452, with 2,556 having DM. Exposure to PM of any size showed a significant effect on arrhythmias in the overall population (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04-1.16). However, the effect modification of DM was not significant (OR 1.18 (95% CI 1.01-1.38) for DM; OR 1.08 (95% CI 1.02-1.14) for non-DM; p-value of subgroup difference = 0.304). Exposure to higher PM concentrations significantly increases cardiac arrhythmias requiring hospital or emergency visits. Although the impact on diabetic individuals is not significant, diabetic patients should still be considered at risk. Further studies with larger sample sizes and low bias are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pakpoom Wongyikul
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Krittai Tanasombatkul
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Krekwit Shinlapawittayatorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Phichayut Phinyo
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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7
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Wong PY, Su HJ, Candice Lung SC, Liu WY, Tseng HT, Adamkiewicz G, Wu CD. Explainable geospatial-artificial intelligence models for the estimation of PM 2.5 concentration variation during commuting rush hours in Taiwan. Environ Pollut 2024; 349:123974. [PMID: 38615837 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
PM2.5 concentrations are higher during rush hours at background stations compared to the average concentration across these stations. Few studies have investigated PM2.5 concentration and its spatial distribution during rush hours using machine learning models. This study employs a geospatial-artificial intelligence (Geo-AI) prediction model to estimate the spatial and temporal variations of PM2.5 concentrations during morning and dusk rush hours in Taiwan. Mean hourly PM2.5 measurements were collected from 2006 to 2020, and aggregated into morning (7 a.m.-9 a.m.) and dusk (4 p.m.-6 p.m.) rush-hour mean concentrations. The Geo-AI prediction model was generated by integrating kriging interpolation, land-use regression, machine learning, and a stacking ensemble approach. A forward stepwise variable selection method based on the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) index was used to identify the most influential variables. The performance of the Geo-AI models for morning and dusk rush hours had accuracy scores of 0.95 and 0.93, respectively and these results were validated, indicating robust model performance. Spatially, PM2.5 concentrations were higher in southwestern Taiwan for morning rush hours, and suburban areas for dusk rush hours. Key predictors included kriged PM2.5 values, SO2 concentrations, forest density, and the distance to incinerators for both morning and dusk rush hours. These PM2.5 estimates for morning and dusk rush hours can support the development of alternative commuting routes with lower concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Wong
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Jen Su
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chun Candice Lung
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Liu
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ting Tseng
- Department of Information Management, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Gary Adamkiewicz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chih-Da Wu
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Geomatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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8
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Donzelli G, Sera F, Morales MA, Vozzi F, Roos T, Schaffert A, Paparella M, Murugadoss S, Mertens B, Gehring R, Linzalone N. A systematic review and meta-analysis of human population studies on the association between exposure to toxic environmental chemicals and left ventricular dysfunction (LVD). Environ Res 2024; 249:118429. [PMID: 38354889 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental chemicals has been associated with an elevated risk of heart failure (HF). However, the impact on early markers of HF, such as left ventricular dysfunction (LVD), remains limited. OBJECTIVE To establish a foundation of evidence regarding early HF markers and their association with environmental pollutants, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. METHODS The search, conducted on October 13th, 2023, encompassed PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science without filters, focusing on observational studies reporting myocardial geometrical, structural, or functional alterations in individuals without a history of heart disease. This included the general adult population, workers, young people, and the elderly. The risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool at both study and item levels. RESULTS The systematic review included 17 studies involving 43.358 individuals exposed to air pollution and 2038 exposed to heavy metals. Approximately 41% of the effect measures of associations reported significant abnormalities in myocardial structure or function. The metanalyses by pollutants categories indicated positive associations between LV systolic and diastolic abnormalities and exposure to PM2.5 [-0.069 (-0.104, -0.033); -0.044 (-0.062, -0.025)] and PM10 [-0.055 (-0.087, -0.022); -0.030 (-0.050, -0.010)] and NO2 [-0.042 (-0.071, -0.013); -0.021 (-0.037, -0.004)], as well as positive associations between lead exposure and LV systolic abnormalities [-0.033 (-0.051, -0.016)]. CONCLUSIONS Existing evidence shows that specific early markers of HF may be associated with exposure to chemical pollutants. It is recommended to include such endpoints in new longitudinal and case-control studies to confirm further risk associations. These studies should consider co-exposures, account for vulnerable groups, and identify cardiotoxic compounds that may require regulation. When examining the link between myocardial abnormalities and environmental exposure, it is also advisable to explore the supportive use of Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) approaches to confirm a causal relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Donzelli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (CNR-IFC), Pisa, Italy.
| | - F Sera
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications "G. Parenti", University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - M A Morales
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (CNR-IFC), Pisa, Italy.
| | - F Vozzi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (CNR-IFC), Pisa, Italy.
| | - T Roos
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - A Schaffert
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - M Paparella
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - S Murugadoss
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - B Mertens
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - R Gehring
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - N Linzalone
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (CNR-IFC), Pisa, Italy.
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Wu QZ, Zeng HX, Andersson J, Oudin A, Kanninen KM, Xu MW, Qin SJ, Zeng QG, Zhao B, Zheng M, Jin N, Chou WC, Jalava P, Dong GH, Zeng XW. Long-term exposure to major constituents of fine particulate matter and neurodegenerative diseases: A population-based survey in the Pearl River Delta Region, China. J Hazard Mater 2024; 470:134161. [PMID: 38569338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to PM2.5 has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, with limited understanding of constituent-specific contributions. OBJECTIVES To explore the associations between long-term exposure to PM2.5 constituents and neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS We recruited 148,274 individuals aged ≥ 60 from four cities in the Pearl River Delta region, China (2020 to 2021). We calculated twenty-year average air pollutant concentrations (PM2.5 mass, black carbon (BC), organic matter (OM), ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-) and sulfate (SO42-)) at the individuals' home addresses. Neurodegenerative diseases were determined by self-reported doctor-diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Generalized linear mixed models were employed to explore associations between pollutants and neurodegenerative disease prevalence. RESULTS PM2.5 and all five constituents were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of AD and PD. The observed associations generally exhibited a non-linear pattern. For example, compared with the lowest quartile, higher quartiles of BC were associated with greater odds for AD prevalence (i.e., the adjusted odds ratios were 1.81; 95% CI, 1.45-2.27; 1.78; 95% CI, 1.37-2.32; and 1.99; 95% CI, 1.54-2.57 for the second, third, and fourth quartiles, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents, particularly combustion-related BC, OM, and SO42-, was significantly associated with higher prevalence of AD and PD in Chinese individuals. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION PM2.5 is a routinely regulated mixture of multiple hazardous constituents that can lead to diverse adverse health outcomes. However, current evidence on the specific contributions of PM2.5 constituents to health effects is scarce. This study firstly investigated the association between PM2.5 constituents and neurodegenerative diseases in the moderately to highly polluted Pearl River Delta region in China, and identified hazardous constituents within PM2.5 that have significant impacts. This study provides important implications for the development of targeted PM2.5 prevention and control policies to reduce specific hazardous PM2.5 constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Zhen Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hui-Xian Zeng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | | | - Anna Oudin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katja M Kanninen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mu-Wu Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environment Health, School of Public and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, 14214, USA
| | - Shuang-Jian Qin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qing-Guo Zeng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mei Zheng
- SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Nanxiang Jin
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Pasi Jalava
- Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Kuehn BM. Closure of Coal-Burning Plant in Pittsburgh Linked to Big Reductions in Heart-Related Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations. Circulation 2024; 149:1611-1613. [PMID: 38739697 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.067602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
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11
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Dai C, Sun X, Wu L, Chen J, Hu X, Ding F, Chen W, Lei H, Li X. Associations between exposure to various air pollutants and risk of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024:10.1007/s00420-024-02072-0. [PMID: 38733545 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a widely observed metabolic disorder that is increasingly prevalent worldwide, leading to substantial societal consequences. Previous studies have conducted two separate meta-analyses to investigate the relationship between MetS and air pollutants. However, these studies yielded conflicting results, necessitating a thorough systematic review and meta-analysis to reassess the link between different air pollutants and the risk of developing MetS. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search of relevant literature in databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to October 9, 2023. The search was specifically restricted to publications in the English language. Following the screening of studies investigating the correlation between air pollution and MetS, we utilized random-effects models to calculate pooled effect sizes along with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We would like to highlight that this study has been registered with PROSPERO, and it can be identified by the registration number CRD42023484421. RESULTS The study included twenty-four eligible studies. The results revealed that an increase of 10 μg/m3 in annual concentrations of PM1, PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, and O3 was associated with a 29% increase in metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk for PM1 (OR = 1.29 [CI 1.07-1.54]), an 8% increase for PM2.5 (OR = 1.08 [CI 1.06-1.10]), a 17% increase for PM10 (OR = 1.17 [CI 1.08-1.27]), a 24% increase for NO2 (OR = 1.24 [CI 1.01-1.51]), a 19% increase for SO2 (OR = 1.19 [CI 1.04-1.36]), and a 10% increase for O3 (OR = 1.10 [CI 1.07-1.13]). CONCLUSION The findings of this study demonstrate a significant association between exposure to fine particulate matter (PM1, PM2.5, PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), and the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Moreover, the results suggest that air pollution exposure could potentially contribute to the development of MetS in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changmao Dai
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaolan Sun
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Liangqing Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaohong Hu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Fang Ding
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xueping Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61000, Sichuan Province, China.
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12
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Huang SP, Su CC, Lin CY, Nethery R, Josey K, Bates B, Robinson D, Gandhi P, Rua M, Parthasarathi A, Setoguchi S, Kao Yang YH. Exposure-Response to High PM 2.5 Levels for Cardiovascular Events in High-risk Older Adults in Taiwan. medRxiv 2024:2024.05.08.24306967. [PMID: 38766145 PMCID: PMC11100932 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.08.24306967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Multiple studies from countries with relatively lower PM 2.5 level demonstrated that acute and chronic exposure even at lower than recommended level, e.g., 9 μg/m 3 in the US increased the risk of cardiovascular (CV) events. However, limited studies using individual level data exist from countries with a wider range of PM levels to illustrate shape of the exposure-response curve throughout the range including > 20 μg/m 3 PM 2·5 concentrations. Taiwan with its policies reduced PM 2.5 over time provide opportunities to illustrate the dose response curves and how reductions of PM 2.5 over time correlated with CV events incidence in a nationwide sample. Methods Using data from the 2009-2019 Taiwan National Health Insurance Database linked to nationwide PM2.5 data. We examined the shape and magnitude of the exposure-response curve between seasonal average PM 2·5 level and CV events-related hospitalizations among older adults at high-risk for CV events. We used history-adjusted marginal structural models including potential confounding by individual demographic factors, baseline comorbidities, and health service measures. To quantify the risk below and above 20 μg/m 3 we conducted stratified Cox regression. We also plotted PM 2.5 and CV events from 2009-2019 as well as average temperature as a comparison. Findings Using the PM 2.5 concentration <15 μg/m 3 (Taiwan regulatory standard) as a reference, the seasonal average PM 2.5 concentration (15-23.5μg/m 3 and > 23.5 μg/m 3 ) were associated with hazard ration of 1.13 (95%CI 1.09-1.18) and 1.19 (95%CI 1.14-1.24), 1.07 (95%CI 1.03-1.11) and 1.14 (95%CI 1.10-1.18), 1.22 (95%CI 1.08-1.38) and 1.31 (95%CI 1.16-1.48), 1.04 (95%CI 0.98-1.10) and 1.10 (95%CI 1.04-1.16) respectively for HF, IS/TIA,PE/DVT and MI/ACS. A nonlinear relationship between PM 2·5 and CV events outcomes was observed at PM 2·5 levels above 20 μg/m 3 . Interpretation A nonlinear exposure-response relationship between PM2·5 concentration and the incidence of cardiovascular events exists when PM2.5 is higher than the levels recommended by WHO Air Quality Guidelines. Further lowering PM2·5 levels beyond current regulatory standards may effectively reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events, particularly HF and DVT, and can lead to tangible health benefits in high-risk elderly population.
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Byun G, Kim S, Choi Y, Kim A, Team AC, Lee JT, Bell ML. Long-term exposure to PM 2.5 and mortality in a national cohort in South Korea: effect modification by community deprivation, medical infrastructure, and greenness. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1266. [PMID: 38720292 PMCID: PMC11080206 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18752-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term exposure to PM2.5 has been linked to increased mortality risk. However, limited studies have examined the potential modifying effect of community-level characteristics on this association, particularly in Asian contexts. This study aimed to estimate the effects of long-term exposure to PM2.5 on mortality in South Korea and to examine whether community-level deprivation, medical infrastructure, and greenness modify these associations. METHODS We conducted a nationwide cohort study using the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. A total of 394,701 participants aged 30 years or older in 2006 were followed until 2019. Based on modelled PM2.5 concentrations, 1 to 3-year and 5-year moving averages of PM2.5 concentrations were assigned to each participant at the district level. Time-varying Cox proportional-hazards models were used to estimate the association between PM2.5 and non-accidental, circulatory, and respiratory mortality. We further conducted stratified analysis by community-level deprivation index, medical index, and normalized difference vegetation index to represent greenness. RESULTS PM2.5 exposure, based on 5-year moving averages, was positively associated with non-accidental (Hazard ratio, HR: 1.10, 95% Confidence Interval, CI: 1.01, 1.20, per 10 µg/m3 increase) and circulatory mortality (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.47). The 1-year moving average of PM2.5 was associated with respiratory mortality (HR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.67). We observed higher associations between PM2.5 and mortality in communities with higher deprivation and limited medical infrastructure. Communities with higher greenness showed lower risk for circulatory mortality but higher risk for respiratory mortality in association with PM2.5. CONCLUSIONS Our study found mortality effects of long-term PM2.5 exposure and underlined the role of community-level factors in modifying these association. These findings highlight the importance of considering socio-environmental contexts in the design of air quality policies to reduce health disparities and enhance overall public health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garam Byun
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sera Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsoo Choi
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Ayoung Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - AiMS-Create Team
- Ai-Machine learning Statistics Collaborative Research Ensemble for Air pollution, Temperature, and all types of Environmental exposures, Seoul National University and Pusan National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Tae Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- School of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Hana Science Hall, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Michelle L Bell
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- School of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Hana Science Hall, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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14
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Tasmin S, Aschebrook-Kilfoy B, Hedeker D, Gopalakrishnan R, Connellan E, Kibriya MG, Young MT, Kaufman JD, Ahsan H. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and measures of central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness among multiethnic Chicago residents. Environ Health 2024; 23:47. [PMID: 38715087 PMCID: PMC11075200 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-024-01077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether long-term air pollution exposure is associated with central hemodynamic and brachial artery stiffness parameters. METHODS We assessed central hemodynamic parameters including central blood pressure, cardiac parameters, systemic vascular compliance and resistance, and brachial artery stiffness measures [including brachial artery distensibility (BAD), compliance (BAC), and resistance (BAR)] using waveform analysis of the arterial pressure signals obtained from a standard cuff sphygmomanometer (DynaPulse2000A, San Diego, CA). The long-term exposures to particles with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for the 3-year periods prior to enrollment were estimated at residential addresses using fine-scale intra-urban spatiotemporal models. Linear mixed models adjusted for potential confounders were used to examine associations between air pollution exposures and health outcomes. RESULTS The cross-sectional study included 2,387 Chicago residents (76% African Americans) enrolled in the ChicagO Multiethnic Prevention And Surveillance Study (COMPASS) during 2013-2018 with validated address information, PM2.5 or NO2, key covariates, and hemodynamics measurements. We observed long-term concentrations of PM2.5 and NO2 to be positively associated with central systolic, pulse pressure and BAR, and negatively associated with BAD, and BAC after adjusting for relevant covariates. A 1-µg/m3 increment in preceding 3-year exposures to PM2.5 was associated with 1.8 mmHg higher central systolic (95% CI: 0.98, 4.16), 1.0 mmHg higher central pulse pressure (95% CI: 0.42, 2.87), a 0.56%mmHg lower BAD (95% CI: -0.81, -0.30), and a 0.009 mL/mmHg lower BAC (95% CI: -0.01, -0.01). CONCLUSION This population-based study provides evidence that long-term exposures to PM2.5 and NO2 is related to central BP and arterial stiffness parameters, especially among African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira Tasmin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, 5815 S. Maryland Ave, Rm TC-620A, MC2000, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Briseis Aschebrook-Kilfoy
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, 5815 S. Maryland Ave, Rm TC-620A, MC2000, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Donald Hedeker
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, 5815 S. Maryland Ave, Rm TC-620A, MC2000, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Connellan
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Muhammad G Kibriya
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, 5815 S. Maryland Ave, Rm TC-620A, MC2000, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael T Young
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, 5815 S. Maryland Ave, Rm TC-620A, MC2000, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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15
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Luo H, Zhang Q, Meng X, Kan H, Chen R. Air Pollution and Cardiac Arrest: A More Significant Intermediate Role of COPD than Cardiac Events. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:7782-7790. [PMID: 38664224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
No prior studies have linked long-term air pollution exposure to incident sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) or its possible development trajectories. We aimed to investigate the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and SCA, as well as possible intermediate diseases. Based on the UK Biobank cohort, Cox proportional hazard model was applied to explore associations between air pollutants and SCA. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were selected as intermediate conditions, and multistate model was fitted for trajectory analysis. During a median follow-up of 13.7 years, 2884 participants developed SCA among 458 237 individuals. The hazard ratios (HRs) for SCA were 1.04-1.12 per interquartile range increment in concentrations of fine particulate matter, inhalable particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen oxides. Most prominently, air pollutants could induce SCA through promoting transitions from baseline health to COPD (HRs: 1.06-1.24) and then to SCA (HRs: 1.16-1.27). Less importantly, SCA could be developed through transitions from baseline health to MACE (HRs: 1.02-1.07) and further to SCA (HRs: 1.12-1.16). This study provides novel and compelling evidence that long-term exposure to air pollution could promote the development of SCA, with COPD serving as a more important intermediate condition than MACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihuan Luo
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qingli Zhang
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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16
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Arrúe M, Penalba A, Rodriguez-Bodero A, Elicegui A, de Homdedeu M, Cruz MJ, Simats A, Rodriguez S, Buxó X, Garcia-Rodriguez N, Pizarro J, Turner MC, Delgado P, Rosell A. Diesel exhaust particles exposure exacerbates pro-thrombogenic plasma features ex-vivo after cerebral ischemia and accelerates tPA-induced clot-lysis in hypertensive subjects. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:772-786. [PMID: 37974302 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231214826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The combustion of fossil fuels, mainly by diesel engines, generates Diesel Exhaust Particles (DEP) which are the main source of Particulate Matter (PM), a major air pollutant in urban areas. These particles are a risk factor for stroke with 5.6% of cases attributed to PM exposure. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of DEP exposure on clot formation and lysis in the context of stroke. An ex-vivo clot formation and lysis turbidimetric assay has been conducted in human and mouse plasma samples from ischemic stroke or control subjects exposed to DEP or control conditions. Experimental DEP exposure was achieved by nasal instillation in mice, or by ex-vivo exposure in human plasma. Results show consistent pro-thrombogenic features in plasma after human ischemic stroke and mouse cerebral ischemia (distal MCAo), boosted by the presence of DEP. Otherwise, thrombolysis times were increased after ischemia in chronically exposed mice but not in the DEP exposed group. Finally, subjects living in areas with high PM levels presented accelerated thrombolysis compared to those living in low polluted areas. Overall, our results point at a disbalance of the thrombogenic/lytic system in presence of DEP which could impact on ischemic stroke onset, clot size and thrombolytic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Arrúe
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Penalba
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ane Rodriguez-Bodero
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amaia Elicegui
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel de Homdedeu
- Pneumology Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Jesús Cruz
- Pneumology Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Simats
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Rodriguez
- Unidad de Rehabilitación Neurológica y Daño Cerebral, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Buxó
- Unidad de Rehabilitación Neurológica y Daño Cerebral, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolás Garcia-Rodriguez
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Unidad de Rehabilitación Neurológica y Daño Cerebral, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Pizarro
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michelle C Turner
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Delgado
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Paulus N, Lemort V. Experimental assessment of pollutant emissions from residential fuel cells and comparative benchmark analysis. J Environ Manage 2024; 359:121017. [PMID: 38718602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Energy transition currently brings focus on fuel cell micro-combined heat and power (mCHP) systems for residential uses. The two main technologies already commercialized are the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs). The pollutant emissions of one system of each technology have been tested with a portable probe both in laboratory and field-test configurations. In this paper, the nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and carbon monoxide (CO) emission levels are compared to other combustion technologies such as a recent Euro 6 diesel automotive vehicle, a classical gas condensing boiler, and a gas absorption heat pump. At last, a method of converting the concentration of pollutants (in ppm) measured by the sensors into pollutant intensity per unit of energy (in mg/kWh) is documented and reported. This allows for comparing the pollutant emissions levels with relevant literature, especially other studies conducted with other measuring sensors. Both tested residential fuel cell technologies fed by natural gas can be considered clean regarding SO2 and NOx emissions. The CO emissions can be considered quite low for the tested SOFC and even nil for the tested PEMFC. The biggest issue of natural gas fuel cell technologies still lies in the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions associated with the fossil fuel they consume. The gas absorption heat pump however shows worse NOx and CO levels than the classical gas condensing boiler. At last, this study illustrates that the high level of hybridization between a fuel cell and a gas boiler may be responsible for unexpected ON/OFF cycling behaviours and therefore prevent both sub-systems from operating as optimally and reliably as they would have as standalone units.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Paulus
- Department of Electromechanics, Industrial Engineering Higher Education Institution of the Province of Liège (HEPL), Liège, 4000, Belgium; Department of Aerospace and Mechanics, University of Liège, Liège, 4000, Belgium.
| | - V Lemort
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanics, University of Liège, Liège, 4000, Belgium
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Wang S, Ma Y, Wu G, Du Z, Li J, Zhang W, Hao Y. Relationships between long-term exposure to major PM 2.5 constituents and outpatient visits and hospitalizations in Guangdong, China. Environ Pollut 2024; 348:123866. [PMID: 38537800 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has attracted considerable attention due to its crucial role in the rising global disease burden. Evidence of health risks associated with exposure to PM2.5 and its major constituents is important for advancing hazard assessments and air pollution emission policies. We investigated the relationship between exposure to major constituents of PM2.5 and outpatient visits as well as hospitalizations in Guangdong Province, China, where 127 million residents live in a severe PM2.5 pollution environment. An approach that integrates the generalized weighted quantile sum (gWQS) regression with the difference-in-differences (DID) approach was used to assess the overall mixture effects and relative contributions of each constituent. We observed significant associations between long-term exposure to the mixture of PM2.5 constituents (WQS index) and outpatient visits (IR%, percentage increases in risk per unit WQS index increase:1.73, 95%CI: 1.72, 1.74) as well as hospitalizations (IR%:5.15, 95%CI: 5.11, 5.20). Black carbon (weight: 0.34) and nitrate (weight: 0.60) respectively exhibited the highest contributions to outpatient visits and hospitalizations. The overall mixture effects on outpatient visits and hospitalizations were higher with increased summer air temperatures (IR%: 7.54, 95%CI: 7.33, 7.74 and IR%: 9.55, 95%CI: 8.36, 10.75, respectively) or decreased winter air temperatures (IR%: 1.88, 95%CI: 1.68, 2.08 and IR%: 4.87, 95%CI: 3.73, 6.02, respectively). Furthermore, the overall mixture effects on outpatient visits and hospitalizations were significantly higher in populations with higher socioeconomic status (P < 0.01). It's crucial to address the primary sources of nitrate precursor substances and black carbon (mainly traffic-related and industrial-related air pollutants) and consider the complex interaction effects between air temperature and PM2.5 in the context of climate change. Of particular concern is the need to prioritize healthcare demands in economically disadvantaged regions and to address the health inequalities stemming from the uneven distribution of healthcare resources and PM2.5 pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghao Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Gonghua Wu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhicheng Du
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wangjian Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Yuantao Hao
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
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Marchewka WM, Bryniarski KL, Marchewka JM, Popiołek I, Dębski G, Badacz R, Marchewka I, Podolec-Szczepara N, Jasiewicz-Honkisz B, Mikołajczyk TP, Guzik TJ. Sex-specific associations between the environmental exposures and low-grade inflammation and increased blood pressure in young, healthy subjects. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9588. [PMID: 38670971 PMCID: PMC11053153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59078-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-term exposures to environmental factors including airborne as well as noise pollutants, are associated with cardiovascular risk. However, the influence of environmental pollution on the young population is controversial. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate the relationships between long-term exposures to different environmental factors and major cardiovascular and inflammatory parameters and biomarkers in young, healthy subjects. Representative sample of permanent residents of two cities differing in air and noise pollution levels, aged 15-21 years, were recruited. Krakow and Lublin, both located in southern Poland, were chosen in relation to their similarities in demographic and geopolitical characteristics, but differences in air pollution (higher in Krakow) and noise parameters (higher in Lublin). A total of 576 subjects were studied: 292 in Krakow and 284 in Lublin. All subjects underwent health questionnaire, blood pressure measurements and biomarker determinations. Inflammatory biomarkers, such as CRP, hs-CRP, fibrinogen as well as homocysteine were all significantly higher in subjects living in Krakow as opposed to subjects living in Lublin (for hsCRP: 0.52 (0.32-0.98) mg/l vs. 0.35 (0.22-0.67) mg/l; p < 0.001). Increased inflammatory biomarker levels were observed in Krakow in both male and female young adults. Interestingly, significant differences were observed in blood pressure between male and female subjects. Males from Krakow had significantly higher mean systolic blood pressure (127.7 ± 10.4 mm/Hg vs. 122.4 ± 13.0 mm/Hg; p = 0.001), pulse pressure (58.7 ± 8.9 mm/Hg vs. 51.4 ± 12.3 mm/Hg; p < 0.001) and lower heart rate (p < 0.001) as compared to males living in Lublin. This was not observed in young adult females. Long-term exposure to environmental factors related to the place of residence can significantly influence inflammatory and cardiovascular parameters, even in young individuals. Interestingly, among otherwise healthy young adults, blood pressure differences exhibited significant variations based on biological sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech M Marchewka
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skarbowa 1, 31-121, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, 5th Military Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof L Bryniarski
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jakub M Marchewka
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, 5th Military Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Iwona Popiołek
- Department of Toxicology and Environmental Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Dębski
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, 5th Military Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Rafał Badacz
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ida Marchewka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Barbara Jasiewicz-Honkisz
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skarbowa 1, 31-121, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz P Mikołajczyk
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skarbowa 1, 31-121, Krakow, Poland
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skarbowa 1, 31-121, Krakow, Poland.
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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20
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Polemiti E, Hese S, Schepanski K, Yuan J, Schumann G. How does the macroenvironment influence brain and behaviour-a review of current status and future perspectives. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02557-x. [PMID: 38658771 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02557-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The environment influences brain and mental health, both detrimentally and beneficially. Existing research has emphasised the individual psychosocial 'microenvironment'. Less attention has been paid to 'macroenvironmental' challenges, including climate change, pollution, urbanicity, and socioeconomic disparity. Notably, the implications of climate and pollution on brain and mental health have only recently gained prominence. With the advent of large-scale big-data cohorts and an increasingly dense mapping of macroenvironmental parameters, we are now in a position to characterise the relation between macroenvironment, brain, and behaviour across different geographic and cultural locations globally. This review synthesises findings from recent epidemiological and neuroimaging studies, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing evidence between the macroenvironment and the structure and functions of the brain, with a particular emphasis on its implications for mental illness. We discuss putative underlying mechanisms and address the most common exposures of the macroenvironment. Finally, we identify critical areas for future research to enhance our understanding of the aetiology of mental illness and to inform effective interventions for healthier environments and mental health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elli Polemiti
- Centre of Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sören Hese
- Institute of Geography, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Jiacan Yuan
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences & Institute of Atmospheric Sciences & CMA-FDU Joint Laboratory of Marine Meteorology & IRDR-ICOE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre of Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Bai X, Ming X, Zhao M, Zhou L. Explore the effect of apparent temperature and air pollutants on the admission rate of acute myocardial infarction in Chongqing, China: a time-series study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e084376. [PMID: 38658006 PMCID: PMC11043748 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Limited research has been conducted on the correlation between apparent temperature and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), as well as the potential impact of air pollutants in modifying this relationship. The objective of this study is to investigate the lagged effect of apparent temperature on AMI and assess the effect modification of environmental pollutants on this association. DESIGN A time-series study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The data for this study were obtained from the Academy of Medical Data Science at Chongqing Medical University, covering daily hospitalisations for AMI between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2016. Meteorological and air pollutant data were provided by China's National Meteorological Information Centre. OUTCOME MEASURES We used a combined approach of quasi-Poisson generalised linear model and distributed lag non-linear model to thoroughly analyse the relationships. Additionally, we employed a generalised additive model to investigate the interaction between air pollutants and apparent temperature on the effect of AMI. RESULT A total of 872 patients admitted to hospital with AMI were studied based on the median apparent temperature (20.43°C) in Chongqing. Low apparent temperature (10th, 7.19℃) has obvious lagged effect on acute myocardial infarction, first appearing on the 8th day (risk ratio (RR) 1.081, 95% CI 1.010 to 1.158) and the greatest risk on the 11th day (RR 1.094, 95% CI 1.037 to 1.153). No lagged effect was observed at high apparent temperature. In subgroup analysis, women and individuals aged 75 and above were at high risk. The interaction analysis indicates that there exist significant interactions between PM2.5 and high apparent temperature, as well as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and low apparent temperature. CONCLUSION The occurrence of decreased apparent temperature levels was discovered to be linked with a heightened relative risk of hospitalisations for AMI. PM2.5 and NO2 have an effect modification on the association between apparent temperature and admission rate of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyuan Bai
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Ming
- Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
- Department of quality management section, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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22
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Chowdhury S, Hänninen R, Sofiev M, Aunan K. Fires as a source of annual ambient PM 2.5 exposure and chronic health impacts in Europe. Sci Total Environ 2024; 922:171314. [PMID: 38423313 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to ambient PM2.5 is the largest environmental health risk in Europe. We used a chemical transport model and recent exposure response functions to simulate ambient PM2.5, contribution from fires and related health impacts over Europe from 1990 to 2019. Our estimation indicates that the excess death burden from exposure to ambient PM2.5 declined across Europe at a rate of 10,000 deaths per year, from 0.57 million (95 % confidence intervals: 0.44-0.75 million) in 1990 to 0.28 million (0.19-0.42 million) in the specified period. Among these excess deaths, approximately 99 % were among adults, while only around 1 % occurred among children. Our findings reveal a steady increase in fire mortality fractions (excess deaths from fires per 1000 deaths from ambient PM2.5) from 2 in 1990 to 13 in 2019. Notably, countries in Eastern Europe exhibited significantly higher fire mortality fractions and experienced more pronounced increases compared to those in Western and Central Europe. We performed sensitivity analyses by considering fire PM2.5 to be more toxic as compared to other sources, as indicated by recent studies. By considering fire PM2.5 to be more toxic than other PM2.5 sources results in an increased relative contribution of fires to excess deaths, reaching 2.5-13 % in 2019. Our results indicate the requirement of larger mitigation and adaptation efforts and more sustainable forest management policies to avert the rising health burden from fires.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kristin Aunan
- CICERO Center for International Climate Research, Oslo, Norway
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23
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Gao Y, Zhang X, Li X, Zhang J, Lv Z, Guo D, Mao H, Wang T. Lipid Dysregulation Induced by Gasoline and Diesel Exhaust Exposure and the Interaction with Age. Toxics 2024; 12:303. [PMID: 38668526 PMCID: PMC11054039 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Limited knowledge exists regarding gasoline and diesel exhaust effects on lipid metabolism. This study collected gasoline and diesel exhaust under actual driving conditions and conducted inhalation exposure on male young and middle-aged C57BL/6J mice for 4 h/day for 5 days to simulate commuting exposure intensity. Additionally, PM2.5 from actual roadways, representing gasoline and diesel vehicles, was generated for exposure to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and normal liver cells (LO2) for 24, 48, and 72 h to further investigate exhaust particle toxicity. Results showed that diesel exhaust reduced total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in young mice, indicating disrupted lipid metabolism. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels increased by 53.7% and 21.7%, respectively, suggesting potential liver injury. Diesel exhaust exposure decreased superoxide dismutase and increased glutathione peroxidase levels. Cell viability decreased, and reactive oxygen species levels increased in HUVECs and LO2 following exposure to exhaust particles, with dose- and time-dependent effects. Diesel exhaust particles exhibited more severe inhibition of cell proliferation and oxidative damage compared to gasoline exhaust particles. These findings provide novel evidence of the risk of disrupted lipid metabolism due to gasoline and diesel exhaust, emphasizing the toxicity of diesel exhaust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xinzhuo Zhang
- Department of Visual Optics Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xinting Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jinsheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zongyan Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dongping Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hongjun Mao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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24
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Yong M, McCunney RJ. Evaluation of biological markers for the risk assessment of carbon black in epidemiological studies. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1367797. [PMID: 38689765 PMCID: PMC11060078 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1367797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have been suggested as being capable of promoting inflammation, a key component in the pathways associated with carcinogenesis, cardiovascular disease, and other conditions. As a result, the risk assessment of biological markers as early-stage indicators has the potential to improve translation from experimental toxicologic findings to identifying evidence in human studies. The study aims to review the possible early biological changes in workers exposed to carbon black (CB), followed by an evidentiary quality evaluation to determine the predictive value of the biological markers. Methods We conducted a literature search to identify epidemiological studies that assessed biological markers that were involved in the inflammatory process at early stages among workers with exposure to CB. We reviewed the studies with specific reference to the study design, statistical analyses, findings, and limitations. Results We identified five Chinese studies that investigated the potential impact of exposure to CB on inflammatory markers, bronchial wall thickening, genomic instability, and lung function impairment in CB production workers. Of the five Chinese studies, four were cross-sectional; another study reported results at two-time points over six years of follow-up. The authors of all five studies concluded positive relationships between exposure and the inflammatory cytokine profiles. The weak to very weak correlations between biomarkers and early-stage endpoints were reported. Conclusion Most inflammatory markers failed to satisfy the proposed evidentiary quality criteria. The significance of the results of the reviewed studies is limited by the cross-sectional study design, inconsistency in results, uncertain clinical relevance, and high occupational exposures. Based on this review, the risk assessment relying on inflammatory markers does not seem appropriate at this time. Nevertheless, the novel research warrants further exploration in assessing exposure to ENMs and corresponding potential health risks in occupational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yong
- MY EpiConsulting, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Robert J. McCunney
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Pulmonary Division, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Cai X, Song Q, Meng X, Li K, Shi S, Jin L, Kan H, Wang S. Epigenome-wide association study on ambient PM 2.5 exposure in Han Chinese, the NSPT study. Environ Res 2024; 247:118276. [PMID: 38246299 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Ambient PM2.5 exposure has been recognized as a major health risk and related to aging, cardiovascular, respiratory and neurologic diseases, and cancer. However, underlying mechanism of epigenetic alteration and regulated pathways still remained unclear. The study on methylome effect of PM2.5 exposure was quite limited in Chinese population, and cohort-based study was absent. The study included blood-derived DNA methylation for 3365 Chinese participants from the NSPT cohort. We estimated individual PM2.5 exposure level of short-medium-, medium- and long-term, based on a validated prediction model. We preformed epigenome-wide association studies to estimate the links between PM2.5 exposure and DNA methylation change, as well as stratification and sensitive analysis to examined the robustness of the association models. A systematic review was conducted to obtain the previously published CpGs and examined for replication. We also conducted comparison on the DNA methylation variation corresponding to different time windows. We further conducted gene function analysis and pathway enrichment analysis to reveal related biological response. We identified a total of 177 CpGs and 107 DMRs associated with short-medium-term PM2.5 exposure, at a strict genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-8). The effect sizes on most CpGs tended to cease with the exposure of extended time scale. Associated markers and aligned genes were related to aging, immunity, inflammation and carcinogenesis. Enriched pathways were mostly involved in cell cycle and cell division, signal transduction, inflammatory pathway. Our study is the first EWAS on PM2.5 exposure conducted in large-scale Han Chinese cohort and identified associated DNA methylation change on CpGs and regions, as well as related gene functions and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyang Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinglin Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Meng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kaixuan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Su Shi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Fudan University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children's Health, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| | - Sijia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Fudan University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China; Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
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26
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Papa G, Pellecchia M, Capitani G, Negri I. The use of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) to monitor airborne particulate matter and assess health effects on pollinators. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33170-8. [PMID: 38615149 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The honey bee Apis mellifera has long been recognized as an ideal bioindicator for environmental pollution. These insects are exposed to pollutants during their foraging activities, making them effective samplers of environmental contaminants, including heavy metals, pesticides, radionuclides, and volatile organic compounds. Recently, it has been demonstrated that honey bees can be a valuable tool for monitoring and studying airborne PM pollution, a complex mixture of particles suspended in the air, known to have detrimental effects on human health. Airborne particles attached to the bees can be characterised for their morphology, size, and chemical composition using a scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray spectroscopy, thus providing key information on the emission sources of the particles, their environmental fate, and the potential to elicit inflammatory injury, oxidative damage, and other health effects in living organisms. Here, we present a comprehensive summary of the studies involving the use of honey bees to monitor airborne PM, including the limits of this approach and possible perspectives. The use of honey bees as a model organism for ecotoxicological studies involving pollutant PM is also presented and discussed, further highlighting the role of the bees as a cornerstone of human, animal, and environmental health, according to the principles of the "One Health" approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Papa
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili (DIPROVES), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | | | - Giancarlo Capitani
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Terra (DISAT), Università Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Ilaria Negri
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili (DIPROVES), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy.
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27
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Clark JA, Engelman M, Schultz AA, Bersch AJ, Malecki K. Sense of neighborhood belonging and health: geographic, racial, and socioeconomic variation in Wisconsin. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1376672. [PMID: 38680935 PMCID: PMC11047775 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1376672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals' sense of belonging (SoB) to their neighborhood is an understudied psychosocial factor that may influence the association between neighborhood characteristics, health, and disparities across socio-demographic groups. Methods Using 2014-2016 data from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin (SHOW, N = 1,706), we conduct a detailed analysis of SoB and health in an American context. We construct OLS and logistic regressions estimating belonging's association with general, physical, and mental health. We explore geographic, racial, and socioeconomic variation to understand both the differential distribution of SoB and its heterogeneous relationship with health. Results A higher SoB is positively associated with better physical, mental, and general health. White participants report higher SoB than Black participants, yet the association between SoB and mental health is strongest among participants of color and urban residents. Conclusion Sense of belonging to neighborhood significantly predicts many facets of health, with place and individual characteristics appearing to moderate this relationship. Racial, geographic, and socioeconomic disparities in belonging-health associations raise important questions about who benefits from the social, economic, and physical aspects of local communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Clark
- Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Michal Engelman
- Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Amy A. Schultz
- Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Andrew J. Bersch
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Kristen Malecki
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Li C, Wang J, Zhang H, Diner DJ, Hasheminassab S, Janechek N. Improvement of Surface PM 2.5 Diurnal Variation Simulations in East Africa for the MAIA Satellite Mission. ACS EST Air 2024; 1:223-233. [PMID: 38633207 PMCID: PMC11019548 DOI: 10.1021/acsestair.3c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The Multi-Angle Imager for Aerosols (MAIA), supported by NASA and the Italian Space Agency, is planned for launch into space in 2025. As part of its mission goal, outputs from a chemical transport model, the Unified Inputs for Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled with Chemistry (UI-WRF-Chem), will be used together with satellite data and surface observations for estimating surface PM2.5. Here, we develop a method to improve UI-WRF-Chem with surface observations at the U.S. embassy in Ethiopia, one of MAIA's primary target areas in east Africa. The method inversely models the diurnal profile and amount of anthropogenic aerosol and trace gas emissions. Low-cost PurpleAir sensor data are used for validation after applying calibration functions obtained from the collocated data at the embassy. With the emission updates in UI-WRF-Chem, independent validation for February 2022 at several different PurpleAir sites shows an increase in the linear correlation coefficients from 0.1-0.7 to 0.6-0.9 between observations and simulations of the diurnal variation of surface PM2.5. Furthermore, even by using the emissions optimized for February 2021, the UI-WRF-Chem forecast for March 2022 is also improved. Annual update of monthly emissions via inverse modeling has the potential and is needed to improve MAIA's estimate of surface PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhe Li
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for Global & Regional
Environmental Research, and Iowa Technology Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52240, United States
| | - Jun Wang
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for Global & Regional
Environmental Research, and Iowa Technology Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52240, United States
| | - Huanxin Zhang
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for Global & Regional
Environmental Research, and Iowa Technology Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52240, United States
| | - David J. Diner
- Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Sina Hasheminassab
- Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Nathan Janechek
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for Global & Regional
Environmental Research, and Iowa Technology Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52240, United States
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D’Avenio G, Daniele C, Grigioni M. Nanostructured Medical Devices: Regulatory Perspective and Current Applications. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1787. [PMID: 38673144 PMCID: PMC11051465 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) are having a huge impact in several domains, including the fabrication of medical devices (MDs). Hence, nanostructured MDs are becoming quite common; nevertheless, the associated risks must be carefully considered in order to demonstrate safety prior to their immission on the market. The biological effect of NMs requires the consideration of methodological issues since already established methods for, e.g., cytotoxicity can be subject to a loss of accuracy in the presence of certain NMs. The need for oversight of MDs containing NMs is reflected by the European Regulation 2017/745 on MDs, which states that MDs incorporating or consisting of NMs are in class III, at highest risk, unless the NM is encapsulated or bound in such a manner that the potential for its internal exposure is low or negligible (Rule 19). This study addresses the role of NMs in medical devices, highlighting the current applications and considering the regulatory requirements of such products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe D’Avenio
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.D.); (M.G.)
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30
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Li L, Ran Y, Zhuang Y, Wang L, Chen J, Sun Y, Lu S, Ye F, Mei L, Ning Y, Dai F. Risk analysis of air pollutants and types of anemia: a UK Biobank prospective cohort study. Int J Biometeorol 2024:10.1007/s00484-024-02670-0. [PMID: 38607561 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that exposure to air pollutants may be associated with specific blood indicators or anemia in certain populations. However, there is insufficient epidemiological data and prospective evidence to evaluate the relationship between environmental air pollution and specific types of anemia. We conducted a large-scale prospective cohort study based on the UK Biobank. Annual average concentrations of NO2, PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM10 were obtained from the ESCAPE study using the Land Use Regression (LUR) model. The association between atmospheric pollutants and different types of anemia was investigated using the Cox proportional hazards model. Furthermore, restricted cubic splines were used to explore exposure-response relationships for positive associations, followed by stratification and effect modification analyses by gender and age. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, 3-4 of the four types of air pollution were significantly associated with an increased risk of iron deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency and folate deficiency anemia, while there was no significant association with other defined types of anemia. After full adjustment, we estimated that the hazard ratios (HRs) of iron deficiency anemia associated with each 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2, PM2.5, and PM10 were 1.04 (95%CI: 1.02, 1.07), 2.00 (95%CI: 1.71, 2.33), and 1.10 (95%CI: 1.02, 1.20) respectively. The HRs of folate deficiency anemia with each 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2, PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM10 were 1.25 (95%CI: 1.12, 1.40), 4.61 (95%CI: 2.03, 10.47), 2.81 (95%CI: 1.11, 7.08), and 1.99 (95%CI: 1.25, 3.15) respectively. For vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, no significant association with atmospheric pollution was found. Additionally, we estimated almost linear exposure-response curves between air pollution and anemia, and interaction analyses suggested that gender and age did not modify the association between air pollution and anemia. Our research provided reliable evidence for the association between long-term exposure to PM10, PM2.5, PM2.5-10, NO2, and several types of anemia. NO2, PM2.5, and PM10 significantly increased the risk of iron deficiency anemia and folate deficiency anemia. Additionally, we found that the smaller the PM diameter, the higher the risk, and folate deficiency anemia was more susceptible to air pollution than iron deficiency anemia. No association was observed between the four types of air pollution and hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia, and other types of anemia. Although the mechanisms are not well understood, we emphasize the need to limit the levels of PM and NO2 in the environment to reduce the potential impact of air pollution on folate and iron deficiency anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laifu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Ran
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an, China
| | - Lianli Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiamiao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an, China
| | - Yating Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiwei Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an, China
| | - Fangchen Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Ning
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an, China.
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Rajagopalan S, Ramaswami A, Bhatnagar A, Brook RD, Fenton M, Gardner C, Neff R, Russell AG, Seto KC, Whitsel LP. Toward Heart-Healthy and Sustainable Cities: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2024; 149:e1067-e1089. [PMID: 38436070 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Nearly 56% of the global population lives in cities, with this number expected to increase to 6.6 billion or >70% of the world's population by 2050. Given that cardiometabolic diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in people living in urban areas, transforming cities and urban provisioning systems (or urban systems) toward health, equity, and economic productivity can enable the dual attainment of climate and health goals. Seven urban provisioning systems that provide food, energy, mobility-connectivity, housing, green infrastructure, water management, and waste management lie at the core of human health, well-being, and sustainability. These provisioning systems transcend city boundaries (eg, demand for food, water, or energy is met by transboundary supply); thus, transforming the entire system is a larger construct than local urban environments. Poorly designed urban provisioning systems are starkly evident worldwide, resulting in unprecedented exposures to adverse cardiometabolic risk factors, including limited physical activity, lack of access to heart-healthy diets, and reduced access to greenery and beneficial social interactions. Transforming urban systems with a cardiometabolic health-first approach could be accomplished through integrated spatial planning, along with addressing current gaps in key urban provisioning systems. Such an approach will help mitigate undesirable environmental exposures and improve cardiovascular and metabolic health while improving planetary health. The purposes of this American Heart Association policy statement are to present a conceptual framework, summarize the evidence base, and outline policy principles for transforming key urban provisioning systems to heart-health and sustainability outcomes.
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Ahn TG, Kim YJ, Lee G, You YA, Kim SM, Chae R, Hur YM, Park MH, Bae JG, Lee SJ, Kim YH, Na S. Association Between Individual Air Pollution (PM 10, PM 2.5) Exposure and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Korea: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort, Air Pollution on Pregnancy Outcome (APPO) Study. J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39:e131. [PMID: 38599601 PMCID: PMC11004777 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution is linked to a higher risk of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. However, the association between pregnancy complications and exposure to indoor air pollution remains unclear. The Air Pollution on Pregnancy Outcomes research is a hospital-based prospective cohort research created to look into the effects of aerodynamically exposed particulate matter (PM)10 and PM2.5 on pregnancy outcomes. METHODS This prospective multicenter observational cohort study was conducted from January 2021 to June 2023. A total of 662 women with singleton pregnancies enrolled in this study. An AirguardK® air sensor was installed inside the homes of the participants to measure the individual PM10 and PM2.5 levels in the living environment. The time-activity patterns and PM10 and PM2.5, determined as concentrations from the time-weighted average model, were applied to determine the anticipated exposure levels to air pollution of each pregnant woman. The relationship between air pollution exposure and pregnancy outcomes was assessed using logistic and linear regression analyses. RESULTS Exposure to elevated levels of PM10 throughout the first, second, and third trimesters as well as throughout pregnancy was strongly correlated with the risk of pregnancy problems according to multiple logistic regression models adjusted for variables. Except for in the third trimester of pregnancy, women exposed to high levels of PM2.5 had a high risk of pregnancy complications. During the second trimester and entire pregnancy, the risk of preterm birth (PTB) increased by 24% and 27%, respectively, for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10. Exposure to high PM10 levels during the second trimester increased the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by 30%. The risk of GDM increased by 15% for each 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 during the second trimester and overall pregnancy, respectively. Exposure to high PM10 and PM2.5 during the first trimester of pregnancy increased the risk of delivering small for gestational age (SGA) infants by 96% and 26%, respectively. CONCLUSION Exposure to high concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 is strongly correlated with the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Exposure to high levels of PM10 and PM2.5 during the second trimester and entire pregnancy, respectively, significantly increased the risk of PTB and GDM. Exposure to high levels of PM10 and PM2.5 during the first trimester of pregnancy considerably increased the risk of having SGA infants. Our findings highlight the need to measure individual particulate levels during pregnancy and the importance of managing air quality in residential environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Gyu Ahn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Medical Research Institute College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gain Lee
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ah You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Min Kim
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Rin Chae
- Division of Artificial Intelligence and Software/Artificial Intelligence Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Min Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Hye Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Gon Bae
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Young-Han Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sunghun Na
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
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Cao Y, Feng Y, Xia N, Zhang J. Causal associations of particulate matter 2.5 and cardiovascular disease: A two-sample mendelian randomization study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301823. [PMID: 38578766 PMCID: PMC10997086 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to epidemiological studies, particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, making causal inferences is difficult due to the methodological constraints of observational studies. In this study, we used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the causal relationship between PM 2.5 and the risk of CVD. METHODS Genome-wide association study (GWAS) statistics for PM2.5 and CVD were collected from the FinnGen and UK Biobanks. Mendelian randomization analyses were applied to explore the causal effects of PM2.5 on CVD by selecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) as instrumental variables. RESULTS The results revealed that a causal effect was observed between PM2.5 and coronary artery disease(IVW: OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.35, 3.14), and hypertension(IVW: OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.03, 1.12). On the contrary, no causal effect was observed between PM2.5 and myocardial infarction(IVW: OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.44, 1.22), heart failure(IVW: OR 1.54, 95% CI 0.96, 2.47), atrial fibrillation(IVW: OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.71, 1.48), and ischemic stroke (IS)(IVW: OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.54, 1.77). CONCLUSION We discovered that there is a causal link between PM2.5 and coronary artery disease and hypertension in the European population, using MR methods. Our discovery may have the significance of public hygiene to improve the understanding of air quality and CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yi Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Nan Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jiancheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
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Wen T, Puett RC, Liao D, Kanter J, Mittleman MA, Lanzkron SM, Yanosky JD. Short-term air pollution levels and sickle cell disease hospital encounters in South Carolina: A case-crossover analysis. Environmental Research 2024; 252:118766. [PMID: 38583660 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder and symptoms may be sensitive to environmental stressors. Although it has been hypothesized that exposure to outdoor air pollution could trigger acute SCD events, evidence is limited. METHODS We obtained SCD administrative data on hospital encounters in South Carolina from 2002 to 2019. We estimated outdoor air pollutant (particulate matter<2.5 μm (PM2.5), ozone (O3), and PM2.5 elemental carbon (EC) concentrations at residential zip codes using spatio-temporal models. Using a random bi-directional, fixed-interval case-crossover study design, we investigated the relationship between air pollution exposure over 1-, 3-, 5-, 9-, and14-day periods with SCD hospital encounters. RESULTS We studied 8410 patients with 144,129 hospital encounters. We did not observe associations among all patients with SCD and adults for PM2.5, O3, and EC. We observed positive associations among children for 9- and 14-day EC (OR: 1.05 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02, 1.08) and OR: 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.09), respectively) and 9- and 14-day O3 (OR: 1.04 (95%CI: 1.00, 1.08)) for both. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that short-term (within two-weeks) levels of EC and O3 and may be associated with SCD hospital encounters among children. Two-pollutant model results suggest that EC is more likely responsible for effects on SCD than O3. More research is needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Robin C Puett
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Duanping Liao
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Julie Kanter
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Murray A Mittleman
- Department of Epidemiology, TH Chan Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sophie M Lanzkron
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeff D Yanosky
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Wen B, Ademi Z, Wu Y, Xu R, Yu P, Ye T, Coêlho MDSZS, Saldiva PHN, Guo Y, Li S. Ambient PM 2.5 and productivity-adjusted life years lost in Brazil: a national population-based study. J Hazard Mater 2024; 467:133676. [PMID: 38354440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Enormous health burden has been associated with air pollution and its effects continue to grow. However, the impact of air pollution on labour productivity at the population level is still unknown. This study assessed the association between premature death due to PM2.5 exposure and the loss of productivity-adjusted life years (PALYs), in Brazil. We applied a novel variant of the difference-in-difference (DID) approach to assess the association. Daily all-cause mortality data in Brazil were collected from 2000-2019. The PALYs lost increased by 5.11% (95% CI: 4.10-6.13%), for every 10 µg/m3 increase in the 2-day moving average of PM2.5. A total of 9,219,995 (95% CI: 7,491,634-10,921,141) PALYs lost and US$ 268.05 (95% CI: 217.82-317.50) billion economic costs were attributed to PM2.5 exposure, corresponding to 7.37% (95% CI: 5.99-8.73%) of the total PALYs lost due to premature death. This study also found that 5,005,306 PALYs could be avoided if the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guideline (AQG) level was met. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that ambient PM2.5 exposure is associated with a considerable labour productivity burden relating to premature death in Brazil, while over half of the burden could be prevented if the WHO AQG was met. The findings highlight the need to reduce ambient PM2.5 levels and provide strong evidence for the development of strategies to mitigate the economic impacts of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wen
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Zanfina Ademi
- Health Economics and Policy Evaluation Research (HEPER) Group, Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kuopio Campus, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yao Wu
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Rongbin Xu
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Pei Yu
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Tingting Ye
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | | | | | - Yuming Guo
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
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Mahakalkar AU, Gianquintieri L, Amici L, Brovelli MA, Caiani EG. Geospatial analysis of short-term exposure to air pollution and risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality-A systematic review. Chemosphere 2024; 353:141495. [PMID: 38373448 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The cardiovascular risk associated with short-term ambient air pollution exposure is well-documented. However, recent advancements in geospatial techniques have provided new insights into this risk. This systematic review focuses on short-term exposure studies that applied advanced geospatial pollution modelling to estimate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and accounted for additional unconventional neighbourhood-level confounders to analyse their modifier effect on the risk. Four databases were investigated to select publications between 2018 and 2023 that met the inclusion criteria of studying the effect of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), SO2, NOx, CO, and O3 on CVD mortality or morbidity, utilizing pollution modelling techniques, and considering spatial and temporal confounders. Out of 3277 publications, 285 were identified for full-text review, of which 34 satisfied the inclusion criteria for qualitative analysis, and 12 of them were chosen for additional quantitative analysis. Quality assessment revealed that 28 out of 34 included articles scored 4 or above, indicating high quality. In 30 studies, advanced pollution modelling techniques were used, while in 4 only simpler methods were applied. The most pertinent confounders identified were socio-demographic variables (e.g., socio-economic status, population percentage by race or ethnicity) and neighbourhood-level built environment variables (e.g., urban/rural area, percentage of green space, proximity to healthcare), which exhibited varying modifier effects depending on the context. In the quantitative analysis, only PM 2.5 showed a significant positive association to all-cause CVD-related hospitalisation. Other pollutants did not show any significant effect, likely due to the high inter-study heterogeneity and a limited number of cases. The application of advanced geospatial measurement and modelling of air pollution exposure, as well as its risk, is increasing. This review underscores the importance of accounting for unconventional neighbourhood-level confounders to enhance the understanding of the CVD risk associated with short-term pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amruta Umakant Mahakalkar
- Politecnico di Milano, Electronics, Information and Bioengineering Dpt., Milan, Italy; University School for Advanced Studies IUSS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Gianquintieri
- Politecnico di Milano, Electronics, Information and Bioengineering Dpt., Milan, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Amici
- Politecnico di Milano, Civil and Environmental Engineering Dpt., Milan, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Gianluca Caiani
- Politecnico di Milano, Electronics, Information and Bioengineering Dpt., Milan, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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Anand K, Walia GK, Mandal S, Menon JS, Gupta R, Tandon N, Narayan KMV, Ali MK, Mohan V, Schwartz JD, Prabhakaran D. Longitudinal associations between ambient PM 2.5 exposure and lipid levels in two Indian cities. Environ Epidemiol 2024; 8:e295. [PMID: 38617424 PMCID: PMC11008625 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to ambient PM2.5 is known to affect lipid metabolism through systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Evidence from developing countries, such as India with high levels of ambient PM2.5 and distinct lipid profiles, is sparse. Methods Longitudinal nonlinear mixed-effects analysis was conducted on >10,000 participants of Centre for cArdiometabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia (CARRS) cohort in Chennai and Delhi, India. We examined associations between 1-month and 1-year average ambient PM2.5 exposure derived from the spatiotemporal model and lipid levels (total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TRIG], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]) measured longitudinally, adjusting for residential and neighborhood-level confounders. Results The mean annual exposure in Chennai and Delhi was 40 and 102 μg/m3 respectively. Elevated ambient PM2.5 levels were associated with an increase in LDL-C and TC at levels up to 100 µg/m3 in both cities and beyond 125 µg/m3 in Delhi. TRIG levels in Chennai increased until 40 µg/m3 for both short- and long-term exposures, then stabilized or declined, while in Delhi, there was a consistent rise with increasing annual exposures. HDL-C showed an increase in both cities against monthly average exposure. HDL-C decreased slightly in Chennai with an increase in long-term exposure, whereas it decreased beyond 130 µg/m3 in Delhi. Conclusion These findings demonstrate diverse associations between a wide range of ambient PM2.5 and lipid levels in an understudied South Asian population. Further research is needed to establish causality and develop targeted interventions to mitigate the impact of air pollution on lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Anand
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Jyothi S. Menon
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
- Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
| | - Ruby Gupta
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
- Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
| | - Nikhil Tandon
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - K. M. Venkat Narayan
- Emory Global Diabetes Research Center of the Woodruff Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, Georgia
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mohammed K. Ali
- Emory Global Diabetes Research Center of the Woodruff Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, Georgia
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Joel D. Schwartz
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dorairaj Prabhakaran
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
- Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
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Seo YS, Park KH, Park JM, Jeong H, Kim B, Jeon JS, Yu J, Kim SK, Lee K, Lee MY. Short-term inhalation exposure to cigarette smoke induces oxidative stress and inflammation in lungs without systemic oxidative stress in mice. Toxicol Res 2024; 40:273-283. [PMID: 38525133 PMCID: PMC10959912 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Smoking is a well-established risk factor for various pathologies, including pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular disorders, and cancers. The toxic effects of cigarette smoke (CS) are mediated through multiple pathways and diverse mechanisms. A key pathogenic factor is oxidative stress, primarily induced by excessive formation of reactive oxygen species. However, it remains unclear whether smoking directly induces systemic oxidative stress or if such stress is a secondary consequence. This study aimed to determine whether short-term inhalation exposure to CS induces oxidative stress in extrapulmonary organs in addition to the lung in a murine model. In the experiment, 3R4F reference cigarettes were used to generate CS, and 8-week-old male BALB/c mice were exposed to CS at a total particulate matter concentration of either 0 or 800 µg/L for four consecutive days. CS exposure led to an increase in neutrophils, eosinophils, and total cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. It also elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde (MDA), markers indicative of tissue damage and oxidative stress, respectively. Conversely, no significant changes were observed in systemic oxidative stress markers such as total oxidant scavenging capacity, MDA, glutathione (GSH), and the GSH/GSSG ratio in blood samples. In line with these findings, CS exposure elevated NADPH oxidase (NOX)-dependent superoxide generation in the lung but not in other organs like the liver, kidney, heart, aorta, and brain. Collectively, our results indicate that short-term exposure to CS induces inflammation and oxidative stress in the lung without significantly affecting oxidative stress in extrapulmonary organs under the current experimental conditions. NOX may play a role in these pulmonary-specific events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Seok Seo
- College of Pharmacy, BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy, BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Park
- College of Pharmacy, BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuneui Jeong
- Biosafety Research Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Su Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyum Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuhong Lee
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212 Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Yeol Lee
- College of Pharmacy, BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326 Republic of Korea
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Chen S, Chen W, Li Z, Yue J, Yung KKL, Li R. Regulation of PM 2.5 on mitochondrial damage in H9c2 cells through miR-421/SIRT3 pathway and protective effect of miR-421 inhibitor and resveratrol. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 138:288-300. [PMID: 38135396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Mitochondria are sensitive targets of PM2.5, and mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the occurrence of CVD. The epigenetic mechanism of PM2.5-triggered mitochondrial injury of cardiomyocytes is unclear. This study focused on the miR-421/SIRT3 signaling pathway to investigate the regulatory mechanism in cardiac mitochondrial dynamics imbalance in rat H9c2 cells induced by PM2.5. Results illustrated that PM2.5 impaired mitochondrial function and caused dynamics homeostasis imbalance. Besides, PM2.5 up-regulated miR-421 and down-regulated SIRT3 gene expression, along with decreasing p-FOXO3a (SIRT3 downstream target gene) and p-Parkin expression and triggering abnormal expression of fusion gene OPA1 and fission gene Drp1. Further, miR-421 inhibitor (miR-421i) and resveratrol significantly elevated the SIRT3 levels in H9c2 cells after PM2.5 exposure and mediated the expression of SOD2, OPA1 and Drp1, restoring the mitochondrial morphology and function. It suggests that miR-421/SIRT3 pathway plays an epigenetic regulatory role in mitochondrial damage induced by PM2.5 and that miR-421i and resveratrol exert protective effects against PM2.5-incurred cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Chen
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenqi Chen
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhiping Li
- Institute of Judicial Identification Techniques for Environmental Damage, Shanxi University and Shanxi Unisdom Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jianwei Yue
- Institute of Judicial Identification Techniques for Environmental Damage, Shanxi University and Shanxi Unisdom Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ken Kin Lam Yung
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ruijin Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; Institute of Judicial Identification Techniques for Environmental Damage, Shanxi University and Shanxi Unisdom Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030006, China; Shanxi Yellow River Laboratory, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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Koehle MS. Physiological impacts of atmospheric pollution: Effects of environmental air pollution on exercise. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16005. [PMID: 38605426 PMCID: PMC11009369 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In this review, we discuss some of the recent advances in our understanding of the physiology of the air pollution and exercise. The key areas covered include the effect of exercise intensity, the effects of pre-exposure to air pollution, acclimation to air pollution, and the utility of masks during exercise. Although higher intensity exercise leads to an increase in the inhaled dose of pollutants for a given distance traveled, the acute effects of (diesel exhaust) air pollution do not appear to be more pronounced. Second, exposure to air pollution outside of exercise bouts seems to have an effect on exercise response, although little research has examined this relationship. Third, humans appear to have an ability to acclimate to ground level ozone, but not other pollutants. And finally, masks may have beneficial effects on certain outcomes at low intensity exercise in pollution with significant levels of particles, but more study is required in realistic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stephen Koehle
- School of KinesiologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Division of Sport & Exercise MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Canadian Sport Institute – PacificVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Athletics CanadaOttawaOntarioCanada
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41
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Amnuaylojaroen T, Parasin N. Pathogenesis of PM 2.5-Related Disorders in Different Age Groups: Children, Adults, and the Elderly. Epigenomes 2024; 8:13. [PMID: 38651366 PMCID: PMC11036283 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes8020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of PM2.5 on human health fluctuate greatly among various age groups, influenced by a range of physiological and immunological reactions. This paper compares the pathogenesis of the disease caused by PM2.5 in people of different ages, focusing on how children, adults, and the elderly are each susceptible to it because of differences in their bodies. Regarding children, exposure to PM2.5 is linked to many negative consequences. These factors consist of inflammation, oxidative stress, and respiratory problems, which might worsen pre-existing conditions and potentially cause neurotoxicity and developmental issues. Epigenetic changes can affect the immune system and make people more likely to get respiratory diseases. On the other hand, exposures during pregnancy can change how the cardiovascular and central nervous systems develop. In adults, the inhalation of PM2.5 is associated with a wide range of health problems. These include respiratory difficulties, reduced pulmonary function, and an increased susceptibility to illnesses such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer. In addition, exposure to PM2.5 induces systemic inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance, and neurotoxic consequences. Evident disturbances in the immune system and cognitive function demonstrate the broad impact of PM2.5. The elderly population is prone to developing respiratory and cardiovascular difficulties, which worsen their pre-existing health issues and raise the risk of cognitive decline and neurological illnesses. Having additional medical conditions, such as peptic ulcer disease, significantly increases the likelihood of being admitted to hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teerachai Amnuaylojaroen
- School of Energy and Environment, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- Atmospheric Pollution and Climate Research Unit, School of Energy and Environment, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Nichapa Parasin
- School of Allied Health Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand;
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42
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Weheba A, Vertigan A, Abdelsayad A, Tarlo SM. Respiratory Diseases Associated With Wildfire Exposure in Outdoor Workers. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2024:S2213-2198(24)00326-X. [PMID: 38548173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Wildfires, including forest fires, bushfires, and landscape fires, have become increasingly prevalent, fueled by climate change and environmental factors and posing significant challenges to both ecosystems and public health. This review article examines the relationship between wildfires and respiratory diseases in outdoor workers, with a main focus on airway disease. In addition to the expected effects of direct thermal respiratory injuries and possible carbon monoxide poisoning, there are associations between wildfires and upper and lower respiratory effects, including infections as well as exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A few studies have also shown an increased risk of new-onset asthma among wildfire firefighters. Outdoor workers are likely to have greater exposure to wildfire smoke with associated increased risks of adverse effects. As wildfires become increasingly prevalent globally, it is crucial to understand the various dimensions of this association. Furthermore, this review addresses preventive measures and potential interventions to alleviate the airway burden on individuals during and after work with wildfires events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Weheba
- Toronto Metropolitan University, Faculty of Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne Vertigan
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Speech Pathology Department, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Asthma and Breathing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Abeer Abdelsayad
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Respiratory Division, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan M Tarlo
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Respiratory Division, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana Department of Public Health, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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43
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Gotlib IH, Buthmann JL, Uy JP. The growing interdisciplinarity of developmental psychopathology: Implications for science and training. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38516854 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The field of developmental psychopathology has grown exponentially over the past decades, and has become increasingly multifaceted. The initial focus on understanding abnormal child psychology has broadened to the study of the origins of psychopathology, with the goals of preventing and alleviating disorder and promoting healthy development. In this paper, we discuss how technological advances and global events have expanded the questions that researchers in developmental psychopathology can address. We do so by describing a longitudinal study that we have been conducting for the past dozen years. We originally planned to examine the effects of early adversity on trajectories of brain development, endocrine function, and depressive symptoms across puberty; it has since become an interdisciplinary study encompassing diverse domains like inflammation, sleep, biological aging, the environment, and child functioning post-pandemic, that we believe will advance our understanding of neurobehavioral development. This increase in the breadth in our study emerged from an expansion of the field; we encourage researchers to embrace these dynamic changes. In this context, we discuss challenges, opportunities, and institutional changes related to the growing interdisciplinarity of the field with respect to training the next generation of investigators to mitigate the burden of mental illness in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian H Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Jessica P Uy
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Jin MY, Zhang LY, Peng ZR, He HD, Kumar P, Gallagher J. The impact of dynamic traffic and wind conditions on green infrastructure performance to improve local air quality. Sci Total Environ 2024; 917:170211. [PMID: 38278279 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Road traffic represents the dominant source of air pollution in urban street canyons. Local wind conditions greatly impacts the dispersion of these pollutants, yet street trees complicate ventilation in such settings. This case study adopts a novel modelling framework to account for dynamic traffic and wind conditions to identify the optimal street tree configuration that prevents a deterioration in air quality. Measurement data from a shallow to moderately deep street canyon (average 0.5 H/W aspect ratio and four lanes of 1-way traffic) in Dublin, Ireland was used for model calibration. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models were used to examine scenarios of dynamic traffic flows within each traffic lane with respect to its impact on local PM2.5 concentrations on adjacent footpaths, segmenting air quality monitoring results based on different wind conditions for model calibration. The monitoring campaign identified higher PM2.5 concentrations on the leeward (north) footpath, with average differences of 14.1 % (2.15 μg/m3) for early evening peaks. The modelling results demonstrated how street trees negatively impacted air quality on the windward footpath in parallel wind conditions regardless of leaf area density (LAD) or tree spacing, with mixed results observed on the leeward footpath in varying traffic flows and wind speeds. Perpendicular wind direction models and high wind speed exacerbated poor air quality on the windward footpath for all tree spacing models, while improving the air quality on the leeward footpath. The findings advise against planting high-LAD trees in this type of street, with a minimum of 20 m spacing for low-LAD trees to balance reducing local air pollution and ventilation capacity in the street. This study highlights the complexities of those in key decision-marking roles and demonstrates the need to adopt a transparent framework to ensure adequate modelling evidence can inform tree planting in city streets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yi Jin
- Center for Intelligent Transportation Systems and Unmanned Aerial Systems Applications Research, State-Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Ireland
| | - Le-Ying Zhang
- Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zhong-Ren Peng
- iAdapt: International Center for Adaptation Planning and Design, College of Design, Construction and Planning, University of Florida, FL 32611-5706, USA; Healthy Building Research Center, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hong-Di He
- Center for Intelligent Transportation Systems and Unmanned Aerial Systems Applications Research, State-Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Ireland; Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Sustainability, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - John Gallagher
- Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Ireland.
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Chuang SH, Kuo YJ, Huang SW, Zhang HW, Peng HC, Chen YP. Association Between Long‑Term Exposure to Air Pollution and the Rate of Mortality After Hip Fracture Surgery in Patients Older Than 60 Years: Nationwide Cohort Study in Taiwan. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e46591. [PMID: 38342504 PMCID: PMC10985614 DOI: 10.2196/46591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To enhance postoperative patient survival, particularly in older adults, understanding the predictors of mortality following hip fracture becomes paramount. Air pollution, a prominent global environmental issue, has been linked to heightened morbidity and mortality across a spectrum of diseases. Nevertheless, the precise impact of air pollution on hip fracture outcomes remains elusive. OBJECTIVE This retrospective study aims to comprehensively investigate the profound influence of a decade-long exposure to 12 diverse air pollutants on the risk of post-hip fracture mortality among older Taiwanese patients (older than 60 years). We hypothesized that enduring long-term exposure to air pollution would significantly elevate the 1-year mortality rate following hip fracture surgery. METHODS From Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we obtained the data of patients who underwent hip fracture surgery between July 1, 2003, and December 31, 2013. Using patients' insurance registration data, we estimated their cumulative exposure levels to sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), particulate matter having a size of <10 μm (PM10), particulate matter having a size of <2.5 μm (PM2.5), nitrogen oxides (NOX), nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), total hydrocarbons (THC), nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC), and methane (CH4). We quantified the dose-response relationship between these air pollutants and the risk of mortality by calculating hazard ratios associated with a 1 SD increase in exposure levels over a decade. RESULTS Long-term exposure to SO2, CO, PM10, PM2.5, NOX, NO, NO2, THC, NMHC, and CH4 demonstrated significant associations with heightened all-cause mortality risk within 1 year post hip fracture surgery among older adults. For older adults, each 1 SD increment in the average exposure levels of SO2, CO, PM10, PM2.5, NOX, NO, NO2, THC, NMHC, and CH4 corresponded to a substantial escalation in mortality risk, with increments of 14%, 49%, 18%, 12%, 41%, 33%, 38%, 20%, 9%, and 26%, respectively. We further noted a 35% reduction in the hazard ratio for O3 exposure suggesting a potential protective effect, along with a trend of potentially protective effects of CO2. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive nationwide retrospective study, grounded in a population-based approach, demonstrated that long-term exposure to specific air pollutants significantly increased the risk of all-cause mortality within 1 year after hip fracture surgery in older Taiwanese adults. A reduction in the levels of SO2, CO, PM10, PM2.5, NOX, NO, NO2, THC, NMHC, and CH4 may reduce the risk of mortality after hip fracture surgery. This study provides robust evidence and highlights the substantial impact of air pollution on the outcomes of hip fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Han Chuang
- Division of General Practice, Department of Medical Education, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jie Kuo
- Department of Orthopedics, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Huang
- Department of Applied Science, National Taitung University, Taitung City, Taitung County, Taiwan
| | - Han-Wei Zhang
- MetaTrial Research Center, Biomedica Corporation, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute of Electrical Control Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ching Peng
- MetaTrial Research Center, Biomedica Corporation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Pin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Riggs DW, Baumgartner KB, Baumgartner R, Boone S, Judd SE, Bhatnagar A. Long-term exposure to air pollution and risk of stroke by ecoregions: The REGARDS study. Environ Pollut 2024; 345:123367. [PMID: 38280465 PMCID: PMC10996890 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Several cohort studies have found associations between long-term exposure to air pollution and stroke risk. However, it is unclear whether the surrounding ecology may modify these associations. This study evaluates associations of air pollution with stroke risk by ecoregions, which are areas of similar type, quality, and quantity of environmental resources in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. We assessed the incidence of stroke in 26,792 participants (45+ yrs) from the REGARDS study, a prospective cohort recruited across the contiguous United States. One-yr and 3-yr means of PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, SO2, and CO were estimated at baseline using data from the Center for Air, Climate, & Energy Solution, and assigned to participants at the census block group level. Incident stroke was ascertained through September 30, 2020. Relations of air pollutants with the risk of incident stroke were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for relevant demographics, behavioral risk factors, and neighborhood urbanicity. Models were stratified by EPA designated ecoregions. A 5.4 μg/m3 (interquartile range) increase in 1-yr PM10 was associated with a hazard ratio (95 %CI) for incident stroke of 1.07 (1.003, 1.15) in the overall study population. We did not find evidence of positive associations for PM2.5, O3, NO2, SO2, and CO in the fully adjusted models. In our ecoregion-specific analysis, associations of PM2.5 with stroke were stronger in the Great Plains ecoregion (HR = 1.44) than other ecoregions, while associations for PM10 were strongest in the Eastern Temperate Forests region (HR = 1.15). The associations between long-term exposure to air pollution and risk of stroke varied by ecoregion. Our results suggests that the type, quality, and quantity of the surrounding ecology can modify the effects of air pollution on risk of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Riggs
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.
| | - Kathy B Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Richard Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Stephanie Boone
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Suzanne E Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
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Li Y, Yu B, Yin L, Li X, Nima Q. Long-term exposure to particulate matter is associated with elevated blood pressure: Evidence from the Chinese plateau area. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04039. [PMID: 38483442 PMCID: PMC10939114 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ambient air pollution could increase the risk of hypertension; however, evidence regarding the relationship between long-term exposure to particulate matter and elevated blood pressure in plateau areas with lower pollution levels is limited. Methods We assessed the associations of long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM, PM1, PM2.5, and PM10) with hypertension, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse pressure (PP) in 4.235 Tibet adults, based on the baseline of the China multi-ethnic cohort study (CMEC) in Lhasa city, Tibet from 2018-19. We used logistic regression and linear regression models to evaluate the associations of ambient PM with hypertension and blood pressure, respectively. Results Long-term exposure to PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 is positively associated with hypertension, DBP, and SBP, while negatively associated with PP. Among these air pollutants, PM10 had the strongest effect on hypertension, DBP, and SBP, while PM2.5 had the strongest effect on PP. The results showed for hypertension odds ratio (OR) = 1.99; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.58, 2.51 per interquartile range (IQR) μg/m3 increase in PM1, OR = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.55, 2.40 per IQR μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, and OR = 2.12; 95% CI = 1.67, 2.68 per IQR μg/m3 increase in PM10. Conclusions Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution was associated with an increased risk of hypertension, elevated SBP and DBP levels, and decreased PP levels. To reduce the risk of hypertension and PP reduction, attention should be paid to air quality interventions in plateau areas with low pollution levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Li
- Tibet Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University – Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yin
- Meteorological Medical Research Center, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, China
- Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Xianzhi Li
- Meteorological Medical Research Center, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, China
- Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Qucuo Nima
- Tibet Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China
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Cheng J, Wu Y, Wang X, Yu H. Objectively measured the impact of ambient air pollution on physical activity for older adults. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:821. [PMID: 38491436 PMCID: PMC10941607 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution poses a significant health risk to the human population, especially for vulnerable groups such as the elderly, potentially discouraging their engagement in physical activity. However, there is a lack of sufficient objective and longitudinal data in current research on how air pollution affects physical activity among older adults. With these gaps, we aimed to explore the relationship between air pollution and objective measurement-based physical activity among older adults by engaging in a longitudinal study design. METHODS A total of 184 older adults were recruited from three cities with varying levels of air quality. Mean daily minutes of physical activity were measured with 7 consecutive days of accelerometer monitoring (ActiGraph GT3X-BT). Corresponding air pollution data including daily PM2.5 (µg/m3), PM10 (µg/m3) and air quality index (AQI) were sourced from the China National Environmental Monitoring Centre at monitor locations close to older adults' addresses. Associations between air quality and physical activity were estimated using a fixed effect model, adjusting for average daytime temperature, rain, age and weight. RESULTS AQI and PM2.5 were observed to exhibit significant, inverse, and linear associations with mean daily walk steps, minutes of light physical activity (LPA), moderate physical activity (MPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in the single variable models. A one-level increase in AQI corresponded to a decline in 550.04 steps (95% [CI] = -858.97, -241.10; p < 0.001), 10.43 min (95% [CI] = -17.07, -3.79; p < 0.001), 4.03 min (95% [CI] = -7.48, -0.59; p < 0.001) and 4.16 min (95% [CI] = -7.77, -0.56; p < 0.001) in daily walking steps, LPA, MPA, and MVPA, respectively. A one-level increase in PM2.5 correlated with a decline in daily walk steps, LPA, MPA and MVPA by 361.85 steps (95% [CI] = -516.53, -207.16; p < 0.001), 8.97 min (95% [CI] = -12.28, -5.66; p < 0.001), 3.73 min (95% [CI] = -5.46, -2.01; p < 0.001,) and 3.79 min (95% [CI] = -5.59, -1.98; p < 0.001), respectively. However, PM10 displayed a significant negative association exclusively with LPA, with one-level increase in PM10 resulting in a 3.7-minute reduction in LPA (95% [CI] = -6.81, -0.59, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Air pollution demonstrates an inverse association with physical activity levels among older adults, potentially discouraging their engagement in physical activity. Different air quality indicators may exert varying impacts on physical activity. Future studies are warranted to enhance policy interventions aimed at reducing air pollution and promoting physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Cheng
- Faculty of Public Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, 050024, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yin Wu
- The Experimental High School Attached to Beijing Normal University, 100032, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Tsinghua Yuan Str, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Yu
- Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Tsinghua Yuan Str, 100084, Beijing, China.
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Vitucci ECM, Simmons AE, Martin EM, McCullough SD. Epithelial MAPK signaling directs endothelial NRF2 signaling and IL-8 secretion in a tri-culture model of the alveolar-microvascular interface following diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) exposure. Part Fibre Toxicol 2024; 21:15. [PMID: 38468337 PMCID: PMC10926573 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-024-00576-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) deposition in the lung's alveolar capillary region (ACR) is significantly associated with respiratory disease development, yet the molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. Adverse responses that promote respiratory disease development involve orchestrated, intercellular signaling between multiple cell types within the ACR. We investigated the molecular mechanisms elicited in response to PM2.5 deposition in the ACR, in an in vitro model that enables intercellular communication between multiple resident cell types of the ACR. METHODS An in vitro, tri-culture model of the ACR, incorporating alveolar-like epithelial cells (NCI-H441), pulmonary fibroblasts (IMR90), and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HULEC) was developed to investigate cell type-specific molecular responses to a PM2.5 exposure in an in-vivo-like model. This tri-culture in vitro model was termed the alveolar capillary region exposure (ACRE) model. Alveolar epithelial cells in the ACRE model were exposed to a suspension of diesel exhaust particulates (DEP) (20 µg/cm2) with an average diameter of 2.5 µm. Alveolar epithelial barrier formation, and transcriptional and protein expression alterations in the directly exposed alveolar epithelial and the underlying endothelial cells were investigated over a 24 h DEP exposure. RESULTS Alveolar epithelial barrier formation was not perturbed by the 24 h DEP exposure. Despite no alteration in barrier formation, we demonstrate that alveolar epithelial DEP exposure induces transcriptional and protein changes in both the alveolar epithelial cells and the underlying microvascular endothelial cells. Specifically, we show that the underlying microvascular endothelial cells develop redox dysfunction and increase proinflammatory cytokine secretion. Furthermore, we demonstrate that alveolar epithelial MAPK signaling modulates the activation of NRF2 and IL-8 secretion in the underlying microvascular endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Endothelial redox dysfunction and increased proinflammatory cytokine secretion are two common events in respiratory disease development. These findings highlight new, cell-type specific roles of the alveolar epithelium and microvascular endothelium in the ACR in respiratory disease development following PM2.5 exposure. Ultimately, these data expand our current understanding of respiratory disease development following particle exposures and illustrate the utility of multicellular in vitro systems for investigating respiratory tract health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva C M Vitucci
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Curriculum in Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- The Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alysha E Simmons
- Curriculum in Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Martin
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shaun D McCullough
- Exposure and Protection, RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Durham, NC, USA.
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Li D, Xiong J, Cheng G. Long-term exposure to ambient PM 2.5 and its components on menarche timing among Chinese adolescents: evidence from a representative nationwide cohort. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:707. [PMID: 38443853 PMCID: PMC10916212 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18209-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambient air pollutants have been suggested to affect pubertal development. Nevertheless, current studies indicate inconsistent effects of these pollutants, causing precocious or delayed puberty onset. This study aimed to explore the associations between long-term exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) along with its components and menarche timing among Chinese girls. METHOD Self-reported age at menarche was collected among 855 girls from China Health and Nutrition Survey 2004 to 2015. The pre-menarche annual average concentrations of PM2.5 and its components were calculated on the basis of a long-term (2000-2014) high-resolution PM2.5 components dataset. Generalized linear models (GLM) and logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations of exposure to a single pollutant (PM2.5, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, black carbon and organic matter) with age at menarche and early menarche (< 12 years), respectively. Weighted quantile sum methods were applied to examine the impacts of joint exposure on menarche timing. RESULTS In the adjusted GLM, per 1 µg/m3 increase of annual average concentrations of nitrate and ammonium decreased age at menarche by 0.098 years and 0.127 years, respectively (all P < 0.05). Every 1 µg/m3 increase of annual average concentrations of PM2.5 (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00-1.08), sulfate (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.01-1.50), nitrate (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.06-1.43) and ammonium (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.06-1.66) were significantly positively associated with early menarche. Higher level of joint exposure to PM2.5 and its components was associated with 11% higher odds of early menarche (P = 0.04). Additionally, the estimated weight of sulfate was the largest among the mixed pollutants. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its components could increase the risk of early menarche among Chinese girls. Moreover, sulfate might be the most critical components responsible for this relationship. Our study provides foundation for targeted prevention of PM2.5 components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Maternal & Child Nutrition Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingyuan Xiong
- Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guo Cheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Maternal & Child Nutrition Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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