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Wayland JL, Stemen EL, Doll JR, Divanovic S. Protocol for cytokine and uterine immune cell characterization in a mouse model of LPS-induced preterm birth. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102643. [PMID: 37858473 PMCID: PMC10594632 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation-driven preterm birth (PTB) is modeled in mice using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Here, we present a protocol for cytokine and uterine immune cell characterization in a mouse model of LPS-induced PTB. We describe steps for LPS challenge, in vivo cytokine capture assay, and isolation of uterine immune cells for flow cytometry. These techniques allow examination of systemic inflammation in vivo and immune cell characterization at the maternal-fetal interface, facilitating exploration of inflammatory dynamics in mouse models of PTB susceptibility. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Doll et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Wayland
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
| | - Emma L Stemen
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jessica R Doll
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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2
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Farias-Jofre M, Romero R, Galaz J, Xu Y, Miller D, Garcia-Flores V, Arenas-Hernandez M, Winters AD, Berkowitz BA, Podolsky RH, Shen Y, Kanninen T, Panaitescu B, Glazier CR, Pique-Regi R, Theis KR, Gomez-Lopez N. Blockade of IL-6R prevents preterm birth and adverse neonatal outcomes. EBioMedicine 2023; 98:104865. [PMID: 37944273 PMCID: PMC10665693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth preceded by spontaneous preterm labour often occurs in the clinical setting of sterile intra-amniotic inflammation (SIAI), a condition that currently lacks treatment. METHODS Proteomic and scRNA-seq human data were analysed to evaluate the role of IL-6 and IL-1α in SIAI. A C57BL/6 murine model of SIAI-induced preterm birth was developed by the ultrasound-guided intra-amniotic injection of IL-1α. The blockade of IL-6R by using an aIL-6R was tested as prenatal treatment for preterm birth and adverse neonatal outcomes. QUEST-MRI evaluated brain oxidative stress in utero. Targeted transcriptomic profiling assessed maternal, foetal, and neonatal inflammation. Neonatal biometrics and neurodevelopment were tested. The neonatal gut immune-microbiome was evaluated using metagenomic sequencing and immunophenotyping. FINDINGS IL-6 plays a critical role in the human intra-amniotic inflammatory response, which is associated with elevated concentrations of the alarmin IL-1α. Intra-amniotic injection of IL-1α resembles SIAI, inducing preterm birth (7% vs. 50%, p = 0.03, Fisher's exact test) and neonatal mortality (18% vs. 56%, p = 0.02, Mann-Whitney U-test). QUEST-MRI revealed no foetal brain oxidative stress upon in utero IL-1α exposure (p > 0.05, mixed linear model). Prenatal treatment with aIL-6R abrogated IL-1α-induced preterm birth (50% vs. 7%, p = 0.03, Fisher's exact test) by dampening inflammatory processes associated with the common pathway of labour. Importantly, aIL-6R reduces neonatal mortality (56% vs. 22%, p = 0.03, Mann-Whitney U-test) by crossing from the mother to the amniotic cavity, dampening foetal organ inflammation and improving growth. Beneficial effects of prenatal IL-6R blockade carried over to neonatal life, improving survival, growth, neurodevelopment, and gut immune homeostasis. INTERPRETATION IL-6R blockade can serve as a strategy to treat SIAI, preventing preterm birth and adverse neonatal outcomes. FUNDING NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Contract HHSN275201300006C. WSU Perinatal Initiative in Maternal, Perinatal and Child Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Farias-Jofre
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto Romero
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Jose Galaz
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yi Xu
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Derek Miller
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Valeria Garcia-Flores
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marcia Arenas-Hernandez
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Andrew D Winters
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MO, USA
| | - Bruce A Berkowitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine; Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Robert H Podolsky
- Division of Biostatistics and Design Methodology, Center for Translational Research, Children's National Hospital, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Yimin Shen
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tomi Kanninen
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Bogdan Panaitescu
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Catherine R Glazier
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Roger Pique-Regi
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kevin R Theis
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MO, USA
| | - Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MO, USA; Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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3
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Baines KJ, West RC. Sex differences in innate and adaptive immunity impact fetal, placental, and maternal health†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:256-270. [PMID: 37418168 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The differences between males and females begin shortly after birth, continue throughout prenatal development, and eventually extend into childhood and adult life. Male embryos and fetuses prioritize proliferation and growth, often at the expense of the fetoplacental energy reserves. This singular focus on growth over adaptability leaves male fetuses and neonates vulnerable to adverse outcomes during pregnancy and birth and can have lasting impacts throughout life. Beyond this prioritization of growth, male placentas and fetuses also respond to infection and inflammation differently than female counterparts. Pregnancies carrying female fetuses have a more regulatory immune response, whereas pregnancies carrying male fetuses have a stronger inflammatory response. These differences can be seen as early as the innate immune response with differences in cytokine and chemokine signaling. The sexual dimorphism in immunity then continues into the adaptive immune response with differences in T-cell biology and antibody production and transfer. As it appears that these sex-specific differences are amplified in pathologic pregnancies, it stands to reason that differences in the placental, fetal, and maternal immune responses in pregnancy contribute to increased male perinatal morbidity and mortality. In this review, we will describe the genetic and hormonal contributions to the sexual dimorphism of fetal and placental immunity. We will also discuss current research efforts to describe the sex-specific differences of the maternal-fetal interface and how it impacts fetal and maternal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J Baines
- Anatomy, Physiology, Pharmacology Department, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Rachel C West
- Anatomy, Physiology, Pharmacology Department, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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4
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Huang G, Yao D, Yan X, Zheng M, Yan P, Chen X, Wang D. Emerging role of toll-like receptors signaling and its regulators in preterm birth: a narrative review. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023; 308:319-339. [PMID: 35916961 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06701-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite intensive research, preterm birth (PTB) rates have not decreased significantly in recent years due to a lack of understanding of the underlying causes and insufficient treatment options for PTB. We are committed to finding promising biomarkers for the treatment of PTB. METHODS An extensive search of the literature was conducted with MEDLINE/PubMed, and in total, 151 studies were included and summarized in the present review. RESULTS Substantial evidence supports that the infection and/or inflammatory cascade associated with infection is an early event in PTB. Toll-like receptor (TLR) is a prominent pattern recognition receptor (PRR) found on both immune and non-immune cells, including fetal membrane cells. The activation of TLR downstream molecules, followed by TLR binding to its ligand, is critical for infection and inflammation, leading to the involvement of the TLR signaling pathway in PTB. TLR ligands are derived from microbial components and molecules released by damaged and dead cells. Particularly, TLR4 is an essential TLR because of its ability to recognize lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this comprehensive overview, we discuss the role of TLR signaling in PTB, focus on numerous host-derived genetic and epigenetic regulators of the TLR signaling pathway, and cover ongoing research and prospective therapeutic options for treating PTB by inhibiting TLR signaling. CONCLUSION This is a critical topic because TLR-related molecules and mechanisms may enable obstetricians to better understand the physiological changes in PTB and develop new treatment and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Yao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Yan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyu Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
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5
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Wright ML, Goin DE, Smed MK, Jewell NP, Nelson JL, Olsen J, Hetland ML, Zoffmann V, Jawaheer D. Pregnancy-associated systemic gene expression compared to a pre-pregnancy baseline, among healthy women with term pregnancies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1161084. [PMID: 37342349 PMCID: PMC10277629 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1161084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnancy is known to induce extensive biological changes in the healthy mother. Little is known, however, about what these changes are at the molecular level. We have examined systemic expression changes in protein-coding genes and long non-coding (lnc) RNAs during and after pregnancy, compared to before pregnancy, among healthy women with term pregnancies. Methods Blood samples were collected from 14 healthy women enrolled in our prospective pregnancy cohort at 7 time-points (before, during and after pregnancy). Total RNA from frozen whole blood was used for RNA sequencing. Following raw read alignment and assembly, gene-level counts were obtained for protein-coding genes and long non-coding RNAs. At each time-point, cell type proportions were estimated using deconvolution. To examine associations between pregnancy status and gene expression over time, Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) models were fitted, adjusting for age at conception, and with and without adjusting for changes in cell type proportions. Fold-changes in expression at each trimester were examined relative to the pre-pregnancy baseline. Results Numerous immune-related genes demonstrated pregnancy-associated expression, in a time-dependent manner. The genes that demonstrated the largest changes in expression included several that were neutrophil-related (over-expressed) and numerous immunoglobulin genes (under-expressed). Estimated cell proportions revealed a marked increase in neutrophils, and less so of activated CD4 memory T cells, during pregnancy, while most other cell type proportions decreased or remained unchanged. Adjusting for cell type proportions in our model revealed that although most of the expression changes were due to changes in cell type proportions in the bloodstream, transcriptional regulation was also involved, especially in down-regulating expression of type I interferon inducible genes. Conclusion Compared to a pre-pregnancy baseline, there were extensive systemic changes in cell type proportions, gene expression and biological pathways associated with different stages of pregnancy and postpartum among healthy women. Some were due to changes in cell type proportions and some due to gene regulation. In addition to providing insight into term pregnancy among healthy women, these findings also provide a "normal" reference for abnormal pregnancies and for autoimmune diseases that improve or worsen during pregnancy, to assess deviations from normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L. Wright
- Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA, United States
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dana E. Goin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - Nicholas P. Jewell
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - J. Lee Nelson
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jørn Olsen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Merete Lund Hetland
- DANBIO Registry and Copenhagen Centre for Arthritis Research, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Zoffmann
- Juliane Marie Centeret, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Damini Jawaheer
- Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA, United States
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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6
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Wang Y, Lin S, Wu J, Jiang M, Lin J, Zhang Y, Ding H, Zhou H, Shen N, Di W. Control of lupus activity during pregnancy via the engagement of IgG sialylation: novel crosstalk between IgG sialylation and pDC functions. Front Med 2023; 17:549-561. [PMID: 37010728 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-022-0965-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (IgG) glycosylation affects the effector functions of IgG in a myriad of biological processes and has been closely associated with numerous autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), thus underlining the pathogenic role of glycosylation aberration in autoimmunity. This study aims to explore the relationship between IgG sialylation patterns and lupus pregnancy. Relative to that in serum samples from the control cohort, IgG sialylation level was aberrantly downregulated in serum samples from the SLE cohort at four stages (from preconception to the third trimester of pregnancy) and was significantly associated with lupus activity and fetal loss during lupus pregnancy. The type I interferon signature of pregnant patients with SLE was negatively correlated with the level of IgG sialylation. The lack of sialylation dampened the ability of IgG to suppress the functions of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). RNA-seq analysis further revealed that the expression of genes associated with the spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) signaling pathway significantly differed between IgG- and deSia-IgG-treated pDCs. This finding was confirmed by the attenuation of the ability to phosphorylate SYK and BLNK in deSia-IgG. Finally, the coculture of pDCs isolated from pregnant patients with SLE with IgG/deSia-IgG demonstrated the sialylation-dependent anti-inflammatory function of IgG. Our findings suggested that IgG influences lupus activity through regulating pDCs function via the modulation of the SYK pathway in a sialic acid-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Shanghai, 200127, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Sihan Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Shanghai, 200127, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jiayue Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Shanghai, 200127, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Shanghai, 200127, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jianhua Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Shanghai, 200127, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Shanghai, 200127, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Huihua Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200001, China.
| | - Nan Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200001, China.
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA.
| | - Wen Di
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Shanghai, 200127, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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7
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Doll JR, Moreno-Fernandez ME, Stankiewicz TE, Wayland JL, Wilburn A, Weinhaus B, Chougnet CA, Giordano D, Cappelletti M, Presicce P, Kallapur SG, Salomonis N, Tilburgs T, Divanovic S. BAFF and APRIL counterregulate susceptibility to inflammation-induced preterm birth. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112352. [PMID: 37027297 PMCID: PMC10551044 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical evidence points to a function for B cell-activating factor (BAFF) in pregnancy. However, direct roles for BAFF-axis members in pregnancy have not been examined. Here, via utility of genetically modified mice, we report that BAFF promotes inflammatory responsiveness and increases susceptibility to inflammation-induced preterm birth (PTB). In contrast, we show that the closely related A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) decreases inflammatory responsiveness and susceptibility to PTB. Known BAFF-axis receptors serve a redundant function in signaling BAFF/APRIL presence in pregnancy. Treatment with anti-BAFF/APRIL monoclonal antibodies or BAFF/APRIL recombinant proteins is sufficient to manipulate susceptibility to PTB. Notably, macrophages at the maternal-fetal interface produce BAFF, while BAFF and APRIL presence divergently shape macrophage gene expression and inflammatory function. Overall, our findings demonstrate that BAFF and APRIL play divergent inflammatory roles in pregnancy and provide therapeutic targets for mitigating risk of inflammation-induced PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Doll
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Maria E Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Traci E Stankiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jennifer L Wayland
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - Adrienne Wilburn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - Benjamin Weinhaus
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - Claire A Chougnet
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - Daniela Giordano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Monica Cappelletti
- Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Pietro Presicce
- Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Suhas G Kallapur
- Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Tamara Tilburgs
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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8
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SOYKAN SERT Z, BÜLBÜL R. Erken doğum yapan kadınlarda sistemik immün-inflamasyon indeksinin prediktif değeri. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.1089119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmada sistemik immün-inflamatuar indeksin (SII) hamile kadınlarda erken doğum gelişimini tahmin edip edemeyeceği araştırılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 1 Ocak 2018-31 Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında kliniğimize spontan doğum eylemi ile başvuran, membranları intakt olan ve tek canlı fetüsü olan 18 yaş ve üstü gebeler retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Kadınlar doğum haftasına göre preterm ve term doğum olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Kadınların klinik ve laboratuvar özellikleri değerlendirildi. Hastaların trombosit-lenfosit oranı (PLR), nötrofil-lenfosit oranı (NLR) ve SII (nötrofil sayısı x trombosit sayısı/lenfosit sayısı) hesaplandı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya erken doğum yapan 171 kadın ve sağlıklı term doğum yapan 173 kadın dahil edildi. PLR, NLR ve SII değerleri preterm grupta term grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksekti. Çok değişkenli lojistik regresyon analizi, SII'nin (olasılık oranı [OR]: 3.65, %95 güven aralığı [GA]: 2.21–10.07) erken doğum gelişiminin bağımsız bir prediktör olduğunu gösterdi. SII'nin erken doğumu (eğrinin altındaki alan [AUC]: 0.792) tahmin etme gücünün, tek başına NLR (AUC: 0.725) veya PLR'den (AUC: 0.716) daha yüksek olduğunu bulduk. 789.3'ün üzerindeki SII değerleri, %68,4 duyarlılık ve %81.5 özgüllük ile erken doğumu öngördü.
Sonuç: Preterm doğumun erken tespitinde SII’nın NLR ve PLR’den daha değerli olduğunu bulduk. SII, preterm doğum gelişme riski taşıyan gebelerin erken dönemde belirlenmesine yardımcı olabilir.
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9
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Taylor BD, Criscitiello MF, Hernandez T, Norwood B, Noah A, Bazer FW. Interferon epsilon and preterm birth subtypes; a new piece of the type I interferon puzzle during pregnancy? Am J Reprod Immunol 2022; 87:e13526. [PMID: 35147251 PMCID: PMC9978937 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Interferon epsilon (IFNε) is a unique type I IFN that is expressed in response to sex steroids. Studies suggest that type I IFNs regulate inflammation-induced preterm birth (PTB), but no study has examined the role of IFNε in human pregnancy. METHOD OF STUDY We used stored vaginal swabs between 8 and 26 weeks of gestation from the Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth (GAPPS) biobank and measured IFNε by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 29 women with spontaneous preterm births, 34 women with medically indicated preterm births, and 134 women with term births were included. Secondary outcomes included a preterm birth with chorioamnionitis and preeclampsia with a preterm birth. Logistic regression calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusting for maternal age, race, body mass index, prior pregnancy complications, lower genital tract infections, chronic health conditions, and gestational age at blood draw. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS There was no significant association between IFNε and spontaneous preterm birth (ORadj 1.0, 0.8-1.3) or chorioamnionitis (ORadj 1.6, 0.7-3.5). A trend toward increased odds of medically indicated preterm birth (ORadj . 1.3, 1.0-1.8) was observed. This was likely due to elevated IFNε among women with preterm preeclampsia (ORadj . 2.0, 95% CI 1.3-3.2). While exploratory, our novel findings suggest that larger longitudinal studies of IFNε across human pregnancy may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandie DePaoli Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Basic and Translational Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555,Department of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch-Galveston, Galveston, Texas,Correspondence: Brandie DePaoli Taylor, PhD, MPH, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Basic and Translational Research, University of Texas Medical Branch ; phone: 409-772-7592
| | - Michael F. Criscitiello
- Comparative Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843,Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Tyne Hernandez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19143
| | - Brooke Norwood
- Comparative Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Akawinyene Noah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Basic and Translational Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555,Department of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch-Galveston, Galveston, Texas
| | - Fuller W. Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
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10
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Animal Models of Chorioamnionitis: Considerations for Translational Medicine. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040811. [PMID: 35453561 PMCID: PMC9032938 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth is defined as any birth occurring before 37 completed weeks of gestation by the World Health Organization. Preterm birth is responsible for perinatal mortality and long-term neurological morbidity. Acute chorioamnionitis is observed in 70% of premature labor and is associated with a heavy burden of multiorgan morbidities in the offspring. Unfortunately, chorioamnionitis is still missing effective biomarkers and early placento- as well as feto-protective and curative treatments. This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of chorioamnionitis and subsequent impacts on the pregnancy outcome, both during and beyond gestation. This review also describes relevant and current animal models of chorioamnionitis used to decipher associated mechanisms and develop much needed therapies. Improved knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning chorioamnionitis based on preclinical models is a mandatory step to identify early in utero diagnostic biomarkers and design novel anti-inflammatory interventions to improve both maternal and fetal outcomes.
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11
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Ding J, Maxwell A, Adzibolosu N, Hu A, You Y, Liao A, Mor G. Mechanisms of immune regulation by the placenta: Role of type I interferon and interferon‐stimulated genes signaling during pregnancy*. Immunol Rev 2022; 308:9-24. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Ding
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Wayne State University Detroit Michigan USA
| | - Anthony Maxwell
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Wayne State University Detroit Michigan USA
- Department of Physiology Wayne State University Detroit Michigan USA
| | - Nicholas Adzibolosu
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Wayne State University Detroit Michigan USA
- Department of Physiology Wayne State University Detroit Michigan USA
| | - Anna Hu
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Wayne State University Detroit Michigan USA
| | - Yuan You
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Wayne State University Detroit Michigan USA
| | - Aihua Liao
- Institute of Reproductive Health Center for Reproductive Medicine Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Gil Mor
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Wayne State University Detroit Michigan USA
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12
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Alarcon PC, Damen MS, Madan R, Deepe GS, Spearman P, Way SS, Divanovic S. Adipocyte inflammation and pathogenesis of viral pneumonias: an overlooked contribution. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:1224-1234. [PMID: 33958704 PMCID: PMC8100369 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00404-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence establishes obesity as an independent risk factor for increased susceptibility and severity to viral respiratory pneumonias associated with H1N1 influenza and SARS-CoV-2 pandemics. Given the global obesity prevalence, a better understanding of the mechanisms behind obese susceptibility to infection is imperative. Altered immune cell metabolism and function are often perceived as a key causative factor of dysregulated inflammation. However, the contribution of adipocytes, the dominantly altered cell type in obesity with broad inflammatory properties, to infectious disease pathogenesis remains largely ignored. Thus, skewing of adipocyte-intrinsic cellular metabolism may lead to the development of pathogenic inflammatory adipocytes, which shape the overall immune responses by contributing to either premature immunosenescence, delayed hyperinflammation, or cytokine storm in infections. In this review, we discuss the underappreciated contribution of adipocyte cellular metabolism and adipocyte-produced mediators on immune system modulation and how such interplay may modify disease susceptibility and pathogenesis of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo C. Alarcon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Divisions of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, U,Medical Scientist Training Program, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Immunology Graduate Program Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michelle S.M.A. Damen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Divisions of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, U
| | - Rajat Madan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - George S. Deepe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Paul Spearman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Divisions of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sing Sing Way
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Divisions of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA. .,Divisions of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. .,Medical Scientist Training Program, Cincinnati, OH, USA. .,Immunology Graduate Program Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA. .,Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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13
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Cappelletti M, Presicce P, Feiyang M, Senthamaraikannan P, Miller LA, Pellegrini M, Sim MS, Jobe AH, Divanovic S, Way SS, Chougnet CA, Kallapur SG. The induction of preterm labor in rhesus macaques is determined by the strength of immune response to intrauterine infection. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001385. [PMID: 34495952 PMCID: PMC8452070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine infection/inflammation (IUI) is a major contributor to preterm labor (PTL). However, IUI does not invariably cause PTL. We hypothesized that quantitative and qualitative differences in immune response exist in subjects with or without PTL. To define the triggers for PTL, we developed rhesus macaque models of IUI driven by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or live Escherichia coli. PTL did not occur in LPS challenged rhesus macaques, while E. coli–infected animals frequently delivered preterm. Although LPS and live E. coli both caused immune cell infiltration, E. coli–infected animals showed higher levels of inflammatory mediators, particularly interleukin 6 (IL-6) and prostaglandins, in the chorioamnion-decidua and amniotic fluid (AF). Neutrophil infiltration in the chorio-decidua was a common feature to both LPS and E. coli. However, neutrophilic infiltration and IL6 and PTGS2 expression in the amnion was specifically induced by live E. coli. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of fetal membranes revealed that specific pathways involved in augmentation of inflammation including type I interferon (IFN) response, chemotaxis, sumoylation, and iron homeostasis were up-regulated in the E. coli group compared to the LPS group. Our data suggest that the intensity of the host immune response to IUI may determine susceptibility to PTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cappelletti
- Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Pietro Presicce
- Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ma Feiyang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences–Collaboratory, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Paranthaman Senthamaraikannan
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lisa A. Miller
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences–Collaboratory, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Myung S. Sim
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Alan H. Jobe
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sing Sing Way
- Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Claire A. Chougnet
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Suhas G. Kallapur
- Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Shmeleva EV, Colucci F. Maternal natural killer cells at the intersection between reproduction and mucosal immunity. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:991-1005. [PMID: 33903735 PMCID: PMC8071844 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-00374-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many maternal immune cells populate the decidua, which is the mucosal lining of the uterus transformed during pregnancy. Here, abundant natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages help the uterine vasculature adapt to fetal demands for gas and nutrients, thereby supporting fetal growth. Fetal trophoblast cells budding off the forming placenta and invading deep into maternal tissues come into contact with these and other immune cells. Besides their homeostatic functions, decidual NK cells can respond to pathogens during infection, but in doing so, they may become conflicted between destroying the invader and sustaining fetoplacental growth. We review how maternal NK cells balance their double duty both in the local microenvironment of the uterus and systemically, during toxoplasmosis, influenza, cytomegalovirus, malaria and other infections that threat pregnancy. We also discuss recent developments in the understanding of NK-cell responses to SARS-Cov-2 infection and the possible dangers of COVID-19 during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya V Shmeleva
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0SW, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Francesco Colucci
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0SW, UK.
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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15
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Johnson EL, Swieboda D, Olivier A, Enninga EAL, Chakraborty R. Robust innate immune responses at the placenta during early gestation may limit in utero HIV transmission. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009860. [PMID: 34432853 PMCID: PMC8437274 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2019, >90% of new HIV infections in infants globally occurred vertically. Studies suggest intrauterine transmission most often occurs in the third trimester; however, there are no mechanistic studies to support these observations. We therefore obtained early/mid-gestation and term placentae from 20 HIV/Hepatitis B/CMV negative women. Isolated primary placental macrophages (Hofbauer cells [HCs]) were exposed to HIV-1BaL and/or interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-β, IFN-λ1, and RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) agonists. qRT-PCR, FACS, ELISA, Luminex, and Western blot analyses determined expression of activation markers, co-receptors, viral antigen, cytokines, antiviral genes, and host proteins. Early gestation HCs express higher levels of CCR5 and exhibit a more activated phenotype. Despite downregulation of CCR5, term HCs were more susceptible to HIV replication. Early gestation HCs displayed a more activated phenotype than term HCs and HIV exposure lead to the further up-regulation of T-cell co-stimulatory and MHC molecules. Limited HIV replication in early/mid gestation HCs was associated with increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and a more robust antiviral immune response. In contrast, term HCs were more susceptible to HIV replication, associated with dampening of IFN-induced STAT1 and STAT2 protein activation. Treatment of early/mid gestation and term HCs, with type I IFNs or RLR agonists reduced HIV replication, underscoring the importance of IFN and RLR signaling in inducing an antiviral state. Viral recognition and antiviral immunity in early gestation HCs may prevent in utero HIV infection, whereas diminished antiviral responses at term can facilitate transmission. Defining mechanisms and specific timing of vertical transmission are critical for the development of specific vaccines and antiviral therapeutics to prevent new HIV infections in children globally. Mother-to-child transmission is the main source of HIV infection in children globally. Studies suggest vertical transmission most often occurs late in the third trimester; however, there are no studies to support these observations. Our study shows that gestational age plays a significant role in the ability of placental macrophages to generate robust antiviral responses, which are necessary to prevent or reduce viral burden. Specifically, we show that viral recognition by RIG-I-like receptors and robust antiviral immune responses in placental cells during early gestation may prevent in utero HIV infection. We also demonstrate that term placental macrophages are limited in their antiviral capacity due to restricted type I IFN signaling. Understanding the mechanisms and timing of vertical transmission are important to understand for the development of specific vaccines and antiviral therapeutics to prevent new HIV infections in children globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica L Johnson
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Dominika Swieboda
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Amanda Olivier
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Ann L Enninga
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Rana Chakraborty
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
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16
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Brosius Lutz A, Al-Nasiry S, Kramer BW, Mueller M. Understanding Host-Pathogen Interactions in Acute Chorioamnionitis Through the Use of Animal Models. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:709309. [PMID: 34386434 PMCID: PMC8353249 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.709309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation of the chorion and/or amnion during pregnancy is called chorioamnionitis. Acute chorioamnionitis is implicated in approximately 40% of preterm births and has wide-ranging implications for the mother, fetus, and newborn. Large disease burden and lack of therapeutic approaches drive the discovery programs to define and test targets to tackle chorioamnionitis. Central to the advancement of these studies is the use of animal models. These models are necessary to deepen our understanding of basic mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions central to chorioamnionitis disease pathogenesis. Models of chorioamnionitis have been developed in numerous species, including mice, rabbits, sheep, and non-human primates. The various models present an array of strategies for initiating an inflammatory response and unique opportunities for studying its downstream consequences for mother, fetus, or newborn. In this review, we present a discussion of the key features of human chorioamnionitis followed by evaluation of currently available animal models in light of these features and consideration of how these models can be best applied to tackle outstanding questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Brosius Lutz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Salwan Al-Nasiry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Boris W Kramer
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Martin Mueller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
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17
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Chan CC, Harley ITW, Pfluger PT, Trompette A, Stankiewicz TE, Allen JL, Moreno-Fernandez ME, Damen MSMA, Oates JR, Alarcon PC, Doll JR, Flick MJ, Flick LM, Sanchez-Gurmaches J, Mukherjee R, Karns R, Helmrath M, Inge TH, Weisberg SP, Pamp SJ, Relman DA, Seeley RJ, Tschöp MH, Karp CL, Divanovic S. A BAFF/APRIL axis regulates obesogenic diet-driven weight gain. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2911. [PMID: 34006859 PMCID: PMC8131685 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23084-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of immune mediators on weight homeostasis remains underdefined. Interrogation of resistance to diet-induced obesity in mice lacking a negative regulator of Toll-like receptor signaling serendipitously uncovered a role for B cell activating factor (BAFF). Here we show that overexpression of BAFF in multiple mouse models associates with protection from weight gain, approximating a log-linear dose response relation to BAFF concentrations. Gene expression analysis of BAFF-stimulated subcutaneous white adipocytes unveils upregulation of lipid metabolism pathways, with BAFF inducing white adipose tissue (WAT) lipolysis. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) from BAFF-overexpressing mice exhibits increased Ucp1 expression and BAFF promotes brown adipocyte respiration and in vivo energy expenditure. A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), a BAFF homolog, similarly modulates WAT and BAT lipid handling. Genetic deletion of both BAFF and APRIL augments diet-induced obesity. Lastly, BAFF/APRIL effects are conserved in human adipocytes and higher BAFF/APRIL levels correlate with greater BMI decrease after bariatric surgery. Together, the BAFF/APRIL axis is a multifaceted immune regulator of weight gain and adipose tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin C Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Immunology Graduate Program, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Isaac T W Harley
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Immunology Graduate Program, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Immunology & Microbiology, The University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paul T Pfluger
- Research Unit NeuroBiology of Diabetes, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Aurelien Trompette
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, CHUV, CLED 02.206, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Traci E Stankiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jessica L Allen
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Immunology Graduate Program, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- , Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Maria E Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michelle S M A Damen
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jarren R Oates
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Immunology Graduate Program, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Pablo C Alarcon
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Immunology Graduate Program, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jessica R Doll
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Matthew J Flick
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Leah M Flick
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- , Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joan Sanchez-Gurmaches
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Rajib Mukherjee
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Rebekah Karns
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michael Helmrath
- Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Stem Cell & Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Thomas H Inge
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Sünje J Pamp
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - David A Relman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Randy J Seeley
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthias H Tschöp
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher L Karp
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Immunology Graduate Program, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Global Health Discovery & Translational Sciences, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Immunology Graduate Program, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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18
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Agbayani G, Clark K, Sandhu JK, Hewitt M, Sad S, Murphy SP, Krishnan L. IFN-alpha receptor deficiency enhances host resistance to oral Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection during murine pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2021; 86:e13454. [PMID: 33991140 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Maternal tolerance during pregnancy increases the risk of infection with certain intracellular pathogens. Systemic Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.Tm) infection during pregnancy in normally resistant 129X1/SvJ mice leads to severe placental infection, as well as fetal and maternal deaths. However, the effect of oral infection with S.Tm in pregnant mice and the roles of infection-induced inflammation and cell death pathways in contributing to susceptibility to infection are unclear. METHOD OF STUDY Non-pregnant and pregnant C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and cell death pathway-altered mice (IFNAR1-/- , Caspase-1, 11-/- , RIP3-/- ) were infected orally with S.Tm. Host survival and fetal resorption were determined. Bacterial burden in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), spleen, liver, and placentas was enumerated at various time points post-infection. Serum cytokine expression was measured through cytometric bead array. RESULTS Oral infection of WT mice with S.Tm on days 9-10 of gestation resulted in systemic dissemination of the bacteria, substantial placental colonization, and fetal loss 5 days post-infection. Histopathological examination of the placentas indicated that infection-induced widespread focal necrosis and neutrophil infiltration throughout the spongiotrophoblast (SpT) layer. In the non-pregnant state, IFNAR1-/- mice exhibited increased survival following oral S.Tm infection relative to Caspase-1, 11-/- , RIP3-/- , and WT mice. The increased resistance to S.Tm infection in IFNAR1-/- mice was seen during pregnancy as well, with decreased bacterial burden within MLNs, spleen, and placenta, which correlated with the decreased resorptions relative to WT and Caspase-1, 11-/- mice. CONCLUSION Oral S.Tm exposure leads to placental infection, inflammation, and resorption, whereas IFNAR1 deficiency enhances host resistance both in the non-pregnant and pregnant states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Agbayani
- Division of Life Sciences, Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kristina Clark
- Division of Life Sciences, Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jagdeep K Sandhu
- Division of Life Sciences, Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa Hewitt
- Division of Life Sciences, Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Subash Sad
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Shawn P Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Lakshmi Krishnan
- Division of Life Sciences, Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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19
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Maternal HIV infection is associated with distinct systemic cytokine profiles throughout pregnancy in South African women. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10079. [PMID: 33980919 PMCID: PMC8115111 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89551-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal HIV infection is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, but the mechanisms remain unknown. The course of pregnancy is regulated by immunological processes and HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) impact key immune mechanisms, which may disrupt the immune programme of pregnancy. We evaluated a broad range of systemic cytokines at each trimester of pregnancy in 56 women living with HIV (WLHIV) and 68 HIV-negative women, who were enrolled in a prospective pregnancy cohort study in Soweto, South Africa. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IP-10 was detected in each trimester in all WLHIV, which was significantly more than in HIV-negative women. The anti-viral cytokine IFNλ1 was detected more frequently in WLHIV, whereas IFNβ and IFNλ2/3 were detected more frequently in HIV-negative women. Th1 cytokines IL-12 and IL-12p70, Th2 cytokine IL-5, and Th17 cytokine IL-17A were detected more frequently in WLHIV throughout pregnancy. Il-6, IL-9, and IL-10 were more commonly detected in WLHIV in the first trimester. Trends of increased detection of Th1 (IL-2, IL-12p70), Th2 (IL-4, Il-5, Il-13) and Th17 (IL-17A, Il-17F, IL-21, IL-22) cytokines were associated with small-for-gestational-age babies. Our findings indicate that maternal HIV/ART is associated with distinct systemic cytokine profiles throughout pregnancy.
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20
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Schuh MP, Alkhudairy L, Potter A, Potter SS, Chetal K, Thakkar K, Salomonis N, Kopan R. The Rhesus Macaque Serves As a Model for Human Lateral Branch Nephrogenesis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:1097-1112. [PMID: 33789950 PMCID: PMC8259676 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020101459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most nephrons are added in late gestation. Truncated extrauterine nephrogenesis in premature infants results in fewer nephrons and significantly increased risk for CKD in adulthood. To overcome the ethical and technical difficulties associated with studies of late-gestation human fetal kidney development, third-trimester rhesus macaques served as a model to understand lateral branch nephrogenesis (LBN) at the molecular level. METHODS Immunostaining and 3D rendering assessed morphology. Single-cell (sc) and single-nucleus (sn) RNA-Seq were performed on four cortically enriched fetal rhesus kidneys of 129-131 days gestational age (GA). An integrative bioinformatics strategy was applied across single-cell modalities, species, and time. RNAScope validation studies were performed on human archival tissue. RESULTS Third-trimester rhesus kidney undergoes human-like LBN. scRNA-Seq of 23,608 cells revealed 37 transcriptionally distinct cell populations, including naïve nephron progenitor cells (NPCs), with the prior noted marker genes CITED1, MEOX1, and EYA1 (c25). These same populations and markers were reflected in snRNA-Seq of 5972 nuclei. Late-gestation rhesus NPC markers resembled late-gestation murine NPC, whereas early second-trimester human NPC markers aligned to midgestation murine NPCs. New, age-specific rhesus NPCs (SHISA8) and ureteric buds (POU3F4 and TWIST) predicted markers were verified in late-gestation human archival samples. CONCLUSIONS Rhesus macaque is the first model of bona fide LBN, enabling molecular studies of late gestation, human-like nephrogenesis. These molecular findings support the hypothesis that aging nephron progenitors have a distinct molecular signature and align to their earlier human counterparts, with unique markers highlighting LBN-specific progenitor maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith P. Schuh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio,Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lyan Alkhudairy
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Andrew Potter
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - S. Steven Potter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio,Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kashish Chetal
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kairavee Thakkar
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio,Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio,Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Raphael Kopan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio,Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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21
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Damen MSMA, Stankiewicz TE, Park SH, Helsley RN, Chan CC, Moreno-Fernandez ME, Doll JR, Szabo S, Herbert DR, Softic S, Divanovic S. Non-hematopoietic IL-4Rα expression contributes to fructose-driven obesity and metabolic sequelae. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:2377-2387. [PMID: 34302121 PMCID: PMC8528699 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00902-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The risks of excess sugar intake in addition to high-fat diet consumption on immunopathogenesis of obesity-associated metabolic diseases are poorly defined. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 signaling via IL-4Rα regulates adipose tissue lipolysis, insulin sensitivity, and liver fibrosis in obesity. However, the contribution of IL-4Rα to sugar rich diet-driven obesity and metabolic sequelae remains unknown. METHODS WT, IL-4Rα-deficient (IL-4Rα-/-) and STAT6-deficient mice (STAT6-/-) male mice were fed low-fat chow, high fat (HF) or HF plus high carbohydrate (HC/fructose) diet (HF + HC). Analysis included quantification of: (i) body weight, adiposity, energy expenditure, fructose metabolism, fatty acid oxidation/synthesis, glucose dysmetabolism and hepatocellular damage; (ii) the contribution of the hematopoietic or non-hematopoietic IL-4Rα expression; and (iii) the relevance of IL-4Rα downstream canonical STAT6 signaling pathway in this setting. RESULTS We show that IL-4Rα regulated HF + HC diet-driven weight gain, whole body adiposity, adipose tissue inflammatory gene expression, energy expenditure, locomotor activity, glucose metabolism, hepatic steatosis, hepatic inflammatory gene expression and hepatocellular damage. These effects were potentially, and in part, dependent on non-hematopoietic IL-4Rα expression but were independent of direct STAT6 activation. Mechanistically, hepatic ketohexokinase-A and C expression was dependent on IL-4Rα, as it was reduced in IL-4Rα-deficient mice. KHK activity was also affected by HF + HC dietary challenge. Further, reduced expression/activity of KHK in IL-4Rα mice had a significant effect on fatty acid oxidation and fatty acid synthesis pathways. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight potential contribution of non-hematopoietic IL-4Rα activation of a non-canonical signaling pathway that regulates the HF + HC diet-driven induction of obesity and severity of obesity-associated sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S. M. A. Damen
- grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Traci E. Stankiewicz
- grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Se-Hyung Park
- grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine and Kentucky Children’s Hospital, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Robert N. Helsley
- grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine and Kentucky Children’s Hospital, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Calvin C. Chan
- grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Maria E. Moreno-Fernandez
- grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Jessica R. Doll
- grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Sara Szabo
- grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - De’Broski R. Herbert
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Samir Softic
- grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine and Kentucky Children’s Hospital, Lexington, KY USA ,grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Senad Divanovic
- grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
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22
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Jacobs SO, Sheller-Miller S, Richardson LS, Urrabaz-Garza R, Radnaa E, Menon R. Characterizing the immune cell population in the human fetal membrane. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 85:e13368. [PMID: 33145922 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM This study localized CD45+ immune cells and compared changes in their numbers between term, not in labor (TNIL) and term, labor (TL) human fetal membranes. METHOD OF STUDY Fetal membranes (amniochorion) from normal TNIL and TL subjects were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and flow cytometry for evidence of total (CD45+ ) immune cells as well as innate immune cells (neutrophils, macrophages and NK cells) using specific markers. Fetal origin of immune cells was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for SRY gene in Y chromosome. RESULTS CD45+ cells were localized in human fetal membranes for both TNIL and TL. A threefold increase in CD45+ cells was seen in TL fetal membranes of (7.73% ± 2.35) compared to TNIL (2.36% ± 0.78). This increase is primarily contributed by neutrophils. Macrophages and NK cells did not change in the membranes between TNIL and TL. Leukocytes of fetal origin are present in the fetal membranes. CONCLUSION The fetal membranes without decidua contain a small proportion of immune cells. Some of these immune cells in the fetal membrane are fetal in origin. There is a moderate increase of immune cells in the fetal membranes at term labor; however, it is unclear whether this is a cause or consequence of labor. Further functional studies are needed to determine their contribution to membrane inflammation associated with parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara O Jacobs
- The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Samantha Sheller-Miller
- The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren S Richardson
- The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Rheanna Urrabaz-Garza
- The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Enkhtuya Radnaa
- The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
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23
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Cappelletti M, Doll JR, Stankiewicz TE, Lawson MJ, Sauer V, Wen B, Kalinichenko VV, Sun X, Tilburgs T, Divanovic S. Maternal regulation of inflammatory cues is required for induction of preterm birth. JCI Insight 2020; 5:138812. [PMID: 33208552 PMCID: PMC7710297 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection-driven inflammation in pregnancy is a major cause of spontaneous preterm birth (PTB). Both systemic infection and bacterial ascension through the vagina/cervix to the amniotic cavity are strongly associated with PTB. However, the contribution of maternal or fetal inflammatory responses in the context of systemic or localized models of infection-driven PTB is not well defined. Here, using intraperitoneal or intraamniotic LPS challenge, we examined the necessity and sufficiency of maternal and fetal Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 signaling in induction of inflammatory vigor and PTB. Both systemic and local LPS challenge promoted induction of inflammatory pathways in uteroplacental tissues and induced PTB. Restriction of TLR4 expression to the maternal compartment was sufficient for induction of LPS-driven PTB in either systemic or intraamniotic challenge models. In contrast, restriction of TLR4 expression to the fetal compartment failed to induce LPS-driven PTB. Vav1-Cre-mediated genetic deletion of TLR4 suggested a critical role for maternal immune cells in inflammation-driven PTB. Further, passive transfer of WT in vitro-derived macrophages and dendritic cells to TLR4-null gravid females was sufficient to induce an inflammatory response and drive PTB. Cumulatively, these findings highlight the critical role for maternal regulation of inflammatory cues in induction of inflammation-driven parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cappelletti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jessica R. Doll
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Traci E. Stankiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthew J. Lawson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Vivien Sauer
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Bingqiang Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine
| | - Vladimir V. Kalinichenko
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine
| | | | - Tamara Tilburgs
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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24
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NAWSHERWAN, KHAN S, ZEB F, SHOAIB M, NABI G, UL HAQ I, XU K, LI H. Selected Micronutrients: An Option to Boost Immunity against COVID-19 and Prevent Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women: A Narrative Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 49:2032-2043. [PMID: 33708724 PMCID: PMC7917498 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v49i11.4717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) negatively affects immune system. It is linked with adverse pregnancy outcomes. These complications may be linked with the infections mediated deficiency of micronutrients in pregnant women. COVID-19 cause's malabsorption of micronutrients thereby increases the risk of their deficiency. Both micronutrients deficiencies and poor micronutrients intake can compromise immune function and may increase the risk of pregnancy complications associated with COVID-19 infection. Vita-min A, C, D, E, and selected minerals iron (Fe), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) are the micronutrients essential for immuno-competency and play a significant role in the prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Immune function and pregnancy outcomes can be improved by adequate intake of micronutrients in diet or in supplements form. Based on regulatory links between viral infection, micronutrients, immunity, and pregnancy outcomes, this review highlights the role of micronutrients in boosting immunity to reduce or prevent pregnancy complications in COVID-19 infected women.
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Affiliation(s)
- NAWSHERWAN
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Suliman KHAN
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Falak ZEB
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, National University of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad SHOAIB
- Department of Chemistry, Government of Postgraduate College Samanabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam NABI
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ijaz UL HAQ
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Kang XU
- Department of Medicine, Taixing People Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui LI
- Department of Medicine, Taixing People Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
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25
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Green ES, Arck PC. Pathogenesis of preterm birth: bidirectional inflammation in mother and fetus. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:413-429. [PMID: 32894326 PMCID: PMC7508962 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00807-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) complicates 5–18% of pregnancies globally and is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Most PTB is spontaneous and idiopathic, with largely undefined causes. To increase understanding of PTB, much research in recent years has focused on using animal models to recapitulate the pathophysiology of PTB. Dysfunctions of maternal immune adaptations have been implicated in a range of pregnancy pathologies, including PTB. A wealth of evidence arising from mouse models as well as human studies is now available to support that PTB results from a breakdown in fetal-maternal tolerance, along with excessive, premature inflammation. In this review, we examine the current knowledge of the bidirectional communication between fetal and maternal systems and its role in the immunopathogenesis of PTB. These recent insights significantly advance our understanding of the pathogenesis of PTB, which is essential to ultimately designing more effective strategies for early prediction and subsequent prevention of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Shana Green
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Petra Clara Arck
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20251, Hamburg, Germany.
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26
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Rasheed ZBM, Lee YS, Kim SH, Rai RK, Ruano CSM, Anucha E, Sullivan MHF, MacIntyre DA, Bennett PR, Sykes L. Differential Response of Gestational Tissues to TLR3 Viral Priming Prior to Exposure to Bacterial TLR2 and TLR2/6 Agonists. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1899. [PMID: 32983111 PMCID: PMC7477080 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Infection/inflammation is an important causal factor in spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). Most mechanistic studies have concentrated on the role of bacteria, with limited focus on the role of viruses in sPTB. Murine studies support a potential multi-pathogen aetiology in which a double or sequential hit of both viral and bacterial pathogens leads to a higher risk preterm labour. This study aimed to determine the effect of viral priming on bacterial induced inflammation in human in vitro models of ascending and haematogenous infection. Methods: Vaginal epithelial cells, and primary amnion epithelial cells and myocytes were used to represent cell targets of ascending infection while interactions between peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and placental explants were used to model systemic infection. To model the effect of viral priming upon the subsequent response to bacterial stimuli, each cell type was stimulated first with a TLR3 viral agonist, and then with either a TLR2 or TLR2/6 agonist, and responses compared to those of each agonist alone. Immunoblotting was used to detect cellular NF-κB, AP-1, and IRF-3 activation. Cellular TLR3, TLR2, and TLR6 mRNA was quantified by RT-qPCR. Immunoassays were used to measure supernatant cytokine, chemokine and PGE2 concentrations. Results: TLR3 (“viral”) priming prior to TLR2/6 agonist (“bacterial”) exposure augmented the pro-inflammatory, pro-labour response in VECs, AECs, myocytes and PBMCs when compared to the effects of agonists alone. In contrast, enhanced anti-inflammatory cytokine production (IL-10) was observed in placental explants. Culturing placental explants in conditioned media derived from PBMCs primed with a TLR3 agonist enhanced TLR2/6 agonist stimulated production of IL-6 and IL-8, suggesting a differential response by the placenta to systemic inflammation compared to direct infection as a result of haematogenous spread. TLR3 agonism generally caused increased mRNA expression of TLR3 and TLR2 but not TLR6. Conclusion: This study provides human in vitro evidence that viral infection may increase the susceptibility of women to bacterial-induced sPTB. Improved understanding of interactions between viral and bacterial components of the maternal microbiome and host immune response may offer new therapeutic options, such as antivirals for the prevention of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahirrah B M Rasheed
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yun S Lee
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,March of Dimes European Preterm Birth Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sung H Kim
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,March of Dimes European Preterm Birth Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ranjit K Rai
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Camino S M Ruano
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,INSERM U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Eberechi Anucha
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark H F Sullivan
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David A MacIntyre
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,March of Dimes European Preterm Birth Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Phillip R Bennett
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,March of Dimes European Preterm Birth Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lynne Sykes
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,March of Dimes European Preterm Birth Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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27
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Menon R, Behnia F, Polettini J, Richardson LS. Novel pathways of inflammation in human fetal membranes associated with preterm birth and preterm pre-labor rupture of the membranes. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:431-450. [PMID: 32785751 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) and preterm pre-labor rupture of the membranes (pPROM) are major pregnancy complications. Although PTB and pPROM have common etiologies, they arise from distinct pathophysiologic pathways. Inflammation is a common underlying mechanism in both conditions. Balanced inflammation is required for fetoplacental growth; however, overwhelming inflammation (physiologic at term and pathologic at preterm) can lead to term and preterm parturition. A lack of effective strategies to control inflammation and reduce the risk of PTB and pPROM suggests that there are several modes of the generation of inflammation which may be dependent on the type of uterine tissue. The avascular fetal membrane (amniochorion), which provides structure, support, and protection to the intrauterine cavity, is one of the key contributors of inflammation. Localized membrane inflammation helps tissue remodeling during pregnancy. Two unique mechanisms that generate balanced inflammation are the progressive development of senescence (aging) and cyclic cellular transitions: epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) and mesenchymal to epithelial (MET). The intrauterine build-up of oxidative stress at term or in response to risk factors (preterm) can accelerate senescence and promote a terminal state of EMT, resulting in the accumulation of inflammation. Inflammation degrades the matrix and destabilizes membrane function. Inflammatory mediators from damaged membranes are propagated via extracellular vesicles (EV) to maternal uterine tissues and transition quiescent maternal uterine tissues into an active state of labor. Membrane inflammation and its propagation are fetal signals that may promote parturition. This review summarizes the mechanisms of fetal membrane cellular senescence, transitions, and the generation of inflammation that contributes to term and preterm parturitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, MRB 11.138, 301 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX, 77555-1062, USA.
| | - Faranak Behnia
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, UT Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jossimara Polettini
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Passo Fundo, Rua Capitão Araujo, 20, Centro, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lauren S Richardson
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, MRB 11.138, 301 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX, 77555-1062, USA
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28
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Fetal HLA-G mediated immune tolerance and interferon response in preeclampsia. EBioMedicine 2020; 59:102872. [PMID: 32680723 PMCID: PMC7502669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal immune tolerance is crucial for pregnancy success. We studied the link between preeclampsia, a severe pregnancy disorder with uncertain pathogenesis, and fetal human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) and other genes regulating maternal immune responses. METHODS We assessed sex ratios and regulatory HLA-G haplotypes in population cohorts and series of preeclampsia and stillbirth. We studied placental mRNA expression of 136 genes by sequencing and HLA-G and interferon alpha (IFNα) protein expression by immunohistochemistry. FINDINGS We found underrepresentation of males in preeclamptic births, especially those delivered preterm or small for gestational age. Balancing selection at HLA-G associated with the sex ratio, stillbirth, and preeclampsia. We observed downregulation of HLA-G, its receptors, and many other tolerogenic genes, and marked upregulation of IFNA1 in preeclamptic placentas. INTERPRETATION These findings indicate that an evolutionary trade-off between immune tolerance and protection against infections at the maternal-fetal interface promotes genetic diversity in fetal HLA-G, thereby affecting survival, preeclampsia, and sex ratio. We highlight IFNA1 as a potential mediator of preeclampsia and a target for therapeutic trials. FUNDING Finnish Medical Foundation, Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation, Karolinska Institutet Research Foundation, Scandinavia-Japan Sasakawa Foundation, Japan Eye Bank Association, Astellas Foundation for Research on Metabolic Disorders, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish Research Council, Medical Society Liv och Hälsa, Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, Academy of Finland, Finska Läkaresällskapet, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Finnish Foundation for Pediatric Research, and Emil Aaltonen Foundation.
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29
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Blois SM, Verlohren S, Wu G, Clark G, Dell A, Haslam SM, Barrientos G. Role of galectin-glycan circuits in reproduction: from healthy pregnancy to preterm birth (PTB). Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:469-486. [PMID: 32601855 PMCID: PMC7508936 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00801-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that galectins, an evolutionarily conserved family of glycan-binding proteins, fulfill key roles in pregnancy including blastocyst implantation, maternal-fetal immune tolerance, placental development, and maternal vascular expansion, thereby establishing a healthy environment for the growing fetus. In this review, we comprehensively present the function of galectins in shaping cellular circuits that characterize a healthy pregnancy. We describe the current understanding of galectins in term and preterm labor and discuss how the galectin-glycan circuits contribute to key immunological pathways sustaining maternal tolerance and preventing microbial infections. A deeper understanding of the glycoimmune pathways regulating early events in preterm birth could offer the broader translational potential for the treatment of this devastating syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Blois
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, AG GlycoImmunology, Berlin, Germany. .,Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Verlohren
- Department of Obstetrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gary Clark
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Anne Dell
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Stuart M Haslam
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gabriela Barrientos
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Hospital Alemán, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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30
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Chan CC, Damen MSMA, Moreno-Fernandez ME, Stankiewicz TE, Cappelletti M, Alarcon PC, Oates JR, Doll JR, Mukherjee R, Chen X, Karns R, Weirauch MT, Helmrath MA, Inge TH, Divanovic S. Type I interferon sensing unlocks dormant adipocyte inflammatory potential. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2745. [PMID: 32488081 PMCID: PMC7265526 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16571-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue inflammation, in part via myeloid cell contribution, is central to obesity pathogenesis. Mechanisms regulating adipocyte inflammatory potential and consequent impact of such inflammation in disease pathogenesis remain poorly defined. We show that activation of the type I interferon (IFN)/IFNα receptor (IFNAR) axis amplifies adipocyte inflammatory vigor and uncovers dormant gene expression patterns resembling inflammatory myeloid cells. IFNβ-sensing promotes adipocyte glycolysis, while glycolysis inhibition impeded IFNβ-driven intra-adipocyte inflammation. Obesity-driven induction of the type I IFN axis and activation of adipocyte IFNAR signaling contributes to obesity-associated pathogenesis in mice. Notably, IFNβ effects are conserved in human adipocytes and detection of the type I IFN/IFNAR axis-associated signatures positively correlates with obesity-driven metabolic derangements in humans. Collectively, our findings reveal a capacity for the type I IFN/IFNAR axis to regulate unifying inflammatory features in both myeloid cells and adipocytes and hint at an underappreciated contribution of adipocyte inflammation in disease pathogenesis. White adipose inflammation can occur in obesity and is at least in part mediated by inflammatory immune cells. Here the authors show that the Type I Interferon/Interferon alpha-beta receptor axis promotes an inflammatory, glycolysis associated adipocyte phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin C Chan
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.,Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | - Michelle S M A Damen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Maria E Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Traci E Stankiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Monica Cappelletti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Mattel Children's Hospital UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pablo C Alarcon
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.,Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | - Jarren R Oates
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | - Jessica R Doll
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Rajib Mukherjee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- The Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Rebekah Karns
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.,The Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Divsion of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Michael A Helmrath
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Center for Stem Cell & Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Thomas H Inge
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA. .,Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA. .,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. .,Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
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31
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Cappelletti M, Presicce P, Kallapur SG. Immunobiology of Acute Chorioamnionitis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:649. [PMID: 32373122 PMCID: PMC7177011 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute chorioamnionitis is characterized by neutrophilic infiltration and inflammation at the maternal fetal interface. It is a relatively common complication of pregnancy and can have devastating consequences including preterm labor, maternal infections, fetal infection/inflammation, fetal lung, brain, and gastrointestinal tract injury. In this review, we will discuss current understanding of the pathogenesis, immunobiology, and mechanisms of this condition. Most commonly, acute chorioamnionitis is a result of ascending infection with relatively low-virulence organisms such as the Ureaplasma species. Furthermore, recent vaginal microbiome studies suggest that there is a link between vaginal dysbiosis, vaginal inflammation, and ascending infection. Although less common, microorganisms invading the maternal-fetal interface via hematogenous route (e.g., Zika virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Listeria) can cause placental villitis and severe fetal inflammation and injury. We will provide an overview of the knowledge gleaned from different animal models of acute chorioamnionitis and the role of different immune cells in different maternal-fetal compartments. Lastly, we will discuss how infectious agents can break the maternal tolerance of fetal allograft during pregnancy and highlight the novel future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cappelletti
- Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pietro Presicce
- Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Suhas G Kallapur
- Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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32
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Robertson SA, Hutchinson MR, Rice KC, Chin PY, Moldenhauer LM, Stark MJ, Olson DM, Keelan JA. Targeting Toll-like receptor-4 to tackle preterm birth and fetal inflammatory injury. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1121. [PMID: 32313651 PMCID: PMC7156293 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Every year, 15 million pregnancies end prematurely, resulting in more than 1 million infant deaths and long-term health consequences for many children. The physiological processes of labour and birth involve essential roles for immune cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines in gestational tissues. There is compelling evidence that the mechanisms underlying spontaneous preterm birth are initiated when a premature and excessive inflammatory response is triggered by infection or other causes. Exposure to pro-inflammatory mediators is emerging as a major factor in the 'fetal inflammatory response syndrome' that often accompanies preterm birth, where unscheduled effects in fetal tissues interfere with normal development and predispose to neonatal morbidity. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical upstream gatekeepers of inflammatory activation. TLR4 is prominently involved through its ability to sense and integrate signals from a range of microbial and endogenous triggers to provoke and perpetuate inflammation. Preclinical studies have identified TLR4 as an attractive pharmacological target to promote uterine quiescence and protect the fetus from inflammatory injury. Novel small-molecule inhibitors of TLR4 signalling, specifically the non-opioid receptor antagonists (+)-naloxone and (+)-naltrexone, are proving highly effective in animal models for preventing preterm birth induced by bacterial mimetic LPS, heat-killed Escherichia coli, or the TLR4-dependent pro-inflammatory lipid, platelet-activating factor (PAF). Here, we summarise the rationale for targeting TLR4 as a master regulator of inflammation in fetal and gestational tissues, and the potential utility of TLR4 antagonists as candidates for preventative and therapeutic application in preterm delivery and fetal inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Robertson
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia.,ARC Centre for Nanoscale Biophotonics and Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism National Institutes of Health Rockville MD USA
| | - Peck-Yin Chin
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Lachlan M Moldenhauer
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Michael J Stark
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - David M Olson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Physiology and Pediatrics 220 HMRC University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Keelan
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynaecology University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
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33
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Potter JA, Tong M, Aldo P, Kwon JY, Pitruzzello M, Mor G, Abrahams VM. Viral infection dampens human fetal membrane type I interferon responses triggered by bacterial LPS. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 140:103126. [PMID: 32289593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The maternal-fetal interface possesses innate immune strategies to protect against infections. We previously reported that prior viral infection of human fetal membranes (FMs) in vitro and mouse FMs in vivo sensitized the tissue to low dose bacterial LPS leading to augmented inflammation. The objective of this study was to examine FM production of type I interferons (IFNs) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in the context of this polymicrobial model. Human FM explants and pregnant C57BL/6 mice were treated with or without low dose LPS following exposure to media or the γ-herpes virus, MHV-68. FM RNA was analyzed by qRT-PCR for type I IFNs, ISGs, upstream signaling, and MHV-68 open reading frames (ORFs). Pre-exposure to MHV-68 followed by LPS treatment inhibited the ability of LPS to induce human FM type I IFNs (IFNA, IFNB); ISGs (OAS, MxA, APOBEC3G) and upstream signaling mediators (RIG-I, TBK-1). Signaling mediators IRF-3 and IRF-7 were also reduced. In mouse FMs, pre-exposure to MHV-68 followed by LPS treatment reduced the ability of LPS to upregulate Ifna, Ifnb, Mxa, Irf7, and also reduced Irf3. MHV-68 infection of FMs induced ORF45 which targets IRF-7, and this was further augmented in response to a combination of MHV-68 and LPS. Together, these findings indicate that a viral infection blunts FM type I IFN production and signaling in response to LPS leading to a suppressed ISG response. Our studies suggest that a viral infection inhibits this protective FM response by negatively regulating IRF-7 through ORF45, leaving the maternal-fetal interface vulnerable to further viral attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Potter
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Mancy Tong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Paulomi Aldo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Ja Young Kwon
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mary Pitruzzello
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Gil Mor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Vikki M Abrahams
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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34
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Baines KJ, Rampersaud AM, Hillier DM, Jeyarajah MJ, Grafham GK, Eastabrook G, Lacefield JC, Renaud SJ. Antiviral Inflammation during Early Pregnancy Reduces Placental and Fetal Growth Trajectories. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 204:694-706. [PMID: 31882516 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Many viruses are detrimental to pregnancy and negatively affect fetal growth and development. What is not well understood is how virus-induced inflammation impacts fetal-placental growth and developmental trajectories, particularly when inflammation occurs in early pregnancy during nascent placental and embryo development. To address this issue, we simulated a systemic virus exposure in early pregnant rats (gestational day 8.5) by administering the viral dsRNA mimic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C). Maternal exposure to PolyI:C induced a potent antiviral response and hypoxia in the early pregnant uterus, containing the primordial placenta and embryo. Maternal PolyI:C exposure was associated with decreased expression of the maternally imprinted genes Mest, Sfrp2, and Dlk1, which encode proteins critical for placental growth. Exposure of pregnant dams to PolyI:C during early pregnancy reduced fetal growth trajectories throughout gestation, concomitant with smaller placentas, and altered placental structure at midgestation. No detectable changes in placental hemodynamics were observed, as determined by ultrasound biomicroscopy. An antiviral response was not evident in rat trophoblast stem (TS) cells following exposure to PolyI:C, or to certain PolyI:C-induced cytokines including IL-6. However, TS cells expressed high levels of type I IFNR subunits (Ifnar1 and Ifnar2) and responded to IFN-⍺ by increasing expression of IFN-stimulated genes and decreasing expression of genes associated with the TS stem state, including Mest IFN-⍺ also impaired the differentiation capacity of TS cells. These results suggest that an antiviral inflammatory response in the conceptus during early pregnancy impacts TS cell developmental potential and causes latent placental development and reduced fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J Baines
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Amanda M Rampersaud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Dendra M Hillier
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Mariyan J Jeyarajah
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Grace K Grafham
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Genevieve Eastabrook
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6H 5W9.,Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada N6C 2V5
| | - James C Lacefield
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7; and.,Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Stephen J Renaud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1; .,Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada N6C 2V5
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35
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Casazza RL, Lazear HM, Miner JJ. Protective and Pathogenic Effects of Interferon Signaling During Pregnancy. Viral Immunol 2019; 33:3-11. [PMID: 31545139 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2019.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune regulation at the maternal-fetal interface is complex due to conflicting immunological objectives: protection of the fetus from maternal pathogens and prevention of immune-mediated rejection of the semiallogeneic fetus and placenta. Interferon (IFN) signaling plays an important role in restricting congenital infections as well as in the physiology of healthy pregnancies. In this review, we discuss the antiviral and pathogenic effects of type I IFN (IFN-α, IFN-β), type II IFN (IFN-γ), and type III IFN (IFN-λ) during pregnancy, with an emphasis on mouse and non-human primate models of congenital Zika virus infection. In the context of these animal model systems, we examine the role of IFN signaling during healthy pregnancy. Finally, we review mechanisms by which dysregulated type I IFN responses contribute to poor pregnancy outcomes in humans with autoimmune disease, including interferonopathies and systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Casazza
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Helen M Lazear
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jonathan J Miner
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.,Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
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36
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Hong S, Banchereau R, Maslow BSL, Guerra MM, Cardenas J, Baisch J, Branch DW, Porter TF, Sawitzke A, Laskin CA, Buyon JP, Merrill J, Sammaritano LR, Petri M, Gatewood E, Cepika AM, Ohouo M, Obermoser G, Anguiano E, Kim TW, Nulsen J, Nehar-Belaid D, Blankenship D, Turner J, Banchereau J, Salmon JE, Pascual V. Longitudinal profiling of human blood transcriptome in healthy and lupus pregnancy. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1154-1169. [PMID: 30962246 PMCID: PMC6504211 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy and uncomplicated lupus pregnancies exhibit early and sustained transcriptional modulation of lupus-related pathways. This might contribute to fetal tolerance while predisposing pregnant women to certain infections. Failure to modulate these pathways is associated with lupus pregnancy complications. Systemic lupus erythematosus carries an increased risk of pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia and fetal adverse outcomes. To identify the underlying molecular mechanisms, we longitudinally profiled the blood transcriptome of 92 lupus patients and 43 healthy women during pregnancy and postpartum and performed multicolor flow cytometry in a subset of them. We also profiled 25 healthy women undergoing assisted reproductive technology to monitor transcriptional changes around embryo implantation. Sustained down-regulation of multiple immune signatures, including interferon and plasma cells, was observed during healthy pregnancy. These changes appeared early after embryo implantation and were mirrored in uncomplicated lupus pregnancies. Patients with preeclampsia displayed early up-regulation of neutrophil signatures that correlated with expansion of immature neutrophils. Lupus pregnancies with fetal complications carried the highest interferon and plasma cell signatures as well as activated CD4+ T cell counts. Thus, blood immunomonitoring reveals that both healthy and uncomplicated lupus pregnancies exhibit early and sustained transcriptional modulation of lupus-related signatures, and a lack thereof associates with adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghee Hong
- Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX
| | - Romain Banchereau
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX.,Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Marta M Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Program in Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | | | - Jeanine Baisch
- Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX
| | - D Ware Branch
- University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT.,Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - T Flint Porter
- University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT.,Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Allen Sawitzke
- University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Carl A Laskin
- Mount Sinai Hospital and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jill P Buyon
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Joan Merrill
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Lisa R Sammaritano
- Department of Medicine and Program in Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Michelle Petri
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | - Marina Ohouo
- Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX
| | | | | | - Tae Whan Kim
- Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX
| | - John Nulsen
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | | | | | - Jacob Turner
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Jane E Salmon
- Department of Medicine and Program in Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Virginia Pascual
- Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX
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37
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Chan CC, Damen MSMA, Alarcon PC, Sanchez-Gurmaches J, Divanovic S. Inflammation and Immunity: From an Adipocyte's Perspective. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 39:459-471. [PMID: 30920343 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehension of adipocyte function has evolved beyond a long-held belief of their inert nature, as simple energy storing and releasing cells. Adipocytes, including white, brown, and beige, are capable mediators of global metabolic health, but their intersection with inflammation is a budding field of exploration. Evidence hints at a reciprocal relationship adipocytes share with immune cells. Adipocyte's capacity to behave in an "immune-like" manner and ability to sense inflammatory cues that subsequently alter core adipocyte function might play an important role in shaping immune responses. Clarifying this intricate relationship could uncover previously underappreciated contribution of adipocytes to inflammation-driven human health and disease. In this review, we highlight the potential of largely underappreciated adipocyte "immune-like" function and how it may contribute to inflammation, immunity, and pathology of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin C Chan
- 1Medical Scientist Training Program, Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.,2Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.,3Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Michelle S M A Damen
- 2Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.,3Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Pablo C Alarcon
- 1Medical Scientist Training Program, Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.,2Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.,3Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Joan Sanchez-Gurmaches
- 2Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.,4Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,5Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Senad Divanovic
- 1Medical Scientist Training Program, Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.,2Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.,3Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,6Division of Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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38
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Agbayani G, Wachholz K, Murphy SP, Sad S, Krishnan L. Type I interferons differentially modulate maternal host immunity to infection by Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium during pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 81:e13068. [PMID: 30376200 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM IFN-alpha receptor deficiency (IFNAR-/- ) enhances immunity to Listeria monocytogenes (LM) and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) in the non-pregnant state by inhibiting pathogen-induced immune cell death. However, the roles of IFNAR signaling in modulating immunity to infection during pregnancy are not well understood. METHOD OF STUDY C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and IFNAR-/- mice were infected systemically with LM or ST. Bacterial burden in spleen and individual placentas was enumerated at day 3 post-infection. Immune cell numbers and percentages were quantified in spleen and individual placentas, respectively, through flow cytometry. Cytokine expression in serum, spleen, and individual placentas was measured through cytometric bead array. RESULTS IFNAR-/- mice exhibited decreased splenic monocyte numbers in non-pregnant and pregnant state, and an altered distribution of placental immune cell types in the non-infected state. IFNAR-/- mice controlled LM infection more effectively than WT mice even during pregnancy. This correlated with enhanced serum IL-12 expression, despite reduced splenic monocyte numbers relative to WT controls. In contrast, pregnant IFNAR-/- mice unlike their non-pregnant counterparts exhibited increased susceptibility to ST infection, which was associated with decreased serum IL-12 expression. CONCLUSION Type I IFN responses differentially impact host resistance to LM and ST infection during pregnancy through modulation of immune cell distribution and cytokine responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Agbayani
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Life Sciences, Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristina Wachholz
- Division of Life Sciences, Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shawn P Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Subash Sad
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lakshmi Krishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Life Sciences, Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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39
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Yockey LJ, Iwasaki A. Interferons and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Pregnancy and Fetal Development. Immunity 2018; 49:397-412. [PMID: 30231982 PMCID: PMC6152841 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Successful pregnancy requires carefully-coordinated communications between the mother and fetus. Immune cells and cytokine signaling pathways participate as mediators of these communications to promote healthy pregnancy. At the same time, certain infections or inflammatory conditions in pregnant mothers cause severe disease and have detrimental impacts on the developing fetus. In this review, we examine evidence for the role of maternal and fetal immune responses affecting pregnancy and fetal development, both under homeostasis and following infection. We discuss immune responses that are necessary to promote healthy pregnancy and those that lead to congenital disorders and pregnancy complications, with a particular emphasis on the role of interferons and cytokines. Understanding the contributions of the immune system in pregnancy and fetal development provides important insights into the pathogenesis underlying maternal and fetal diseases and sheds insights on possible targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Yockey
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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40
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Jelliffe-Pawlowski LL, Rand L, Bedell B, Baer RJ, Oltman SP, Norton ME, Shaw GM, Stevenson DK, Murray JC, Ryckman KK. Prediction of preterm birth with and without preeclampsia using mid-pregnancy immune and growth-related molecular factors and maternal characteristics. J Perinatol 2018; 38:963-972. [PMID: 29795450 PMCID: PMC6089890 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-018-0112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate if mid-pregnancy immune and growth-related molecular factors predict preterm birth (PTB) with and without (±) preeclampsia. STUDY DESIGN Included were 400 women with singleton deliveries in California in 2009-2010 (200 PTB and 200 term) divided into training and testing samples at a 2:1 ratio. Sixty-three markers were tested in 15-20 serum samples using multiplex technology. Linear discriminate analysis was used to create a discriminate function. Model performance was assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS Twenty-five serum biomarkers along with maternal age <34 years and poverty status identified >80% of women with PTB ± preeclampsia with best performance in women with preterm preeclampsia (AUC = 0.889, 95% confidence interval (0.822-0.959) training; 0.883 (0.804-0.963) testing). CONCLUSION Together with maternal age and poverty status, mid-pregnancy immune and growth factors reliably identified most women who went on to have a PTB ± preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Jelliffe-Pawlowski
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA.
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, 94107, USA.
| | - Larry Rand
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, 94107, USA
| | - Bruce Bedell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Rebecca J Baer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, 94107, USA
| | - Scott P Oltman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, 94107, USA
| | - Mary E Norton
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA
| | - Gary M Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - David K Stevenson
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Kelli K Ryckman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
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41
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Mukherjee R, Moreno‐Fernandez ME, Giles DA, Cappelletti M, Stankiewicz TE, Chan CC, Divanovic S. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced) oxidase 2 modulates inflammatory vigor during nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression in mice. Hepatol Commun 2018; 2:546-560. [PMID: 29761170 PMCID: PMC5944572 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a disease spectrum ranging from benign steatosis to life-threatening cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and exacerbated inflammatory responses have been implicated in NAFLD progression. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced) oxidase 2 (NOX2; also known as gp91Phox), the main catalytic subunit of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced) oxidase complex, modulates ROS production, immune responsiveness, and pathogenesis of obesity-associated metabolic derangements. However, the role of NOX2 in the regulation of immune cell function and inflammatory vigor in NAFLD remains underdefined. Here, we demonstrate that obesogenic diet feeding promoted ROS production by bone marrow, white adipose tissue, and liver immune cells. Genetic ablation of NOX2 impeded immune cell ROS synthesis and was sufficient to uncouple obesity from glucose dysmetabolism and NAFLD pathogenesis. Protection from hepatocellular damage in NOX2-deficient mice correlated with reduced hepatic neutrophil, macrophage, and T-cell infiltration, diminished production of key NAFLD-driving proinflammatory cytokines, and an inherent reduction in T-cell polarization toward Th17 phenotype. Conclusion: Current findings demonstrate a crucial role of the NOX2-ROS axis in immune cell effector function and polarization and consequent NAFLD progression in obesity. Pharmacologic targeting of NOX2 function in immune cells may represent a viable approach for reducing morbidity of obesity-associated NAFLD pathogenesis. (Hepatology Communications 2018;2:546-560).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Mukherjee
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH45220
- Division of ImmunobiologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH45229USA
| | - Maria E. Moreno‐Fernandez
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH45220
- Division of ImmunobiologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH45229USA
| | - Daniel A. Giles
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH45220
- Division of ImmunobiologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH45229USA
- Immunology Graduate ProgramCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH
- Present address:
Present address for Daniel A. Giles is La Jolla Institute for Allergy and ImmunologyLa JollaCA
| | - Monica Cappelletti
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH45220
- Division of ImmunobiologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH45229USA
- Present address:
Present address for Monica Cappelletti is Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los AngelesMattel Children's HospitalLos AngelesCA
| | - Traci E. Stankiewicz
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH45220
- Division of ImmunobiologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH45229USA
| | - Calvin C. Chan
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH45220
- Division of ImmunobiologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH45229USA
- Immunology Graduate ProgramCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH
- Medical Scientist Training ProgramCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH45220USA
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH45220
- Division of ImmunobiologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH45229USA
- Immunology Graduate ProgramCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH
- Medical Scientist Training ProgramCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH45220USA
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42
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Cross SN, Nelson RA, Potter JA, Norwitz ER, Abrahams VM. Magnesium sulfate differentially modulates fetal membrane inflammation in a time-dependent manner. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 80:e12861. [PMID: 29709093 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Chorioamnionitis and infection-associated inflammation are major causes of preterm birth. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4 ) is widely used in obstetrics as a tocolytic; however, its mechanism of action is unclear. This study sought to investigate how MgSO4 modulates infection-associated inflammation in fetal membranes (FMs), and whether the response was time dependent. METHOD OF STUDY Human FM explants were treated with or without bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS); with or without MgSO4 added either: 1 hour before LPS; at the same time as LPS; 1 hour post-LPS; or 2 hours post-LPS. Explants were also treated with or without viral dsRNA and LPS, alone or in combination; and MgSO4 added 1 hour post-LPS After 24 hours, supernatants were measured for cytokines/chemokines; and tissue lysates measured for caspase-1 activity. RESULTS Lipopolysaccharide-induced FM inflammation by upregulating the secretion of a number of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. Magnesium sulfate administered 1-hour post-LPS inhibited FM secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, G-CSF, RANTES, and TNFα. Magnesium sulfate administered 2 hours post-LPS augmented FM secretion of these factors as well as IL-8, IFNγ, VEGF, GROα and IP-10. Magnesium sulfate delivered 1- hour post-LPS inhibited LPS-induced caspase-1 activity, and inhibited the augmented IL-1β response triggered by combination viral dsRNA and LPS. CONCLUSION Magnesium sulfate differentially modulates LPS-induced FM inflammation in a time-dependent manner, in part through its modulation of caspase-1 activity. Thus, the timing of MgSO4 administration may be critical in optimizing its anti-inflammatory effects in the clinical setting. MgSO4 might also be useful at preventing FM inflammation triggered by a polymicrobial viral-bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N Cross
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rachel A Nelson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julie A Potter
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Errol R Norwitz
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vikki M Abrahams
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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43
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Presicce P, Park CW, Senthamaraikannan P, Bhattacharyya S, Jackson C, Kong F, Rueda CM, DeFranco E, Miller LA, Hildeman DA, Salomonis N, Chougnet CA, Jobe AH, Kallapur SG. IL-1 signaling mediates intrauterine inflammation and chorio-decidua neutrophil recruitment and activation. JCI Insight 2018; 3:98306. [PMID: 29563340 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.98306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil infiltration of the chorioamnion-decidua tissue at the maternal-fetal interface (chorioamnionitis) is a leading cause of prematurity, fetal inflammation, and perinatal mortality. We induced chorioamnionitis in preterm rhesus macaques by intraamniotic injection of LPS. Here, we show that, during chorioamnionitis, the amnion upregulated phospho-IRAK1-expressed neutrophil chemoattractants CXCL8 and CSF3 in an IL-1-dependent manner. IL-1R blockade decreased chorio-decidua neutrophil accumulation, neutrophil activation, and IL-6 and prostaglandin E2 concentrations in the amniotic fluid. Neutrophils accumulating in the chorio-decidua had increased survival mediated by BCL2A1, and IL-1R blockade also decreased BCL2A1+ chorio-decidua neutrophils. Readouts for inflammation in a cohort of women with preterm delivery and chorioamnionitis were similar to findings in the rhesus macaques. IL-1 is a potential therapeutic target for chorioamnionitis and associated morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Courtney Jackson
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Cesar M Rueda
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Emily DeFranco
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lisa A Miller
- California National Primate Research Center, Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, UCD, Davis, California, USA
| | - David A Hildeman
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Division of Biomedical informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Claire A Chougnet
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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44
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Yockey LJ, Jurado KA, Arora N, Millet A, Rakib T, Milano KM, Hastings AK, Fikrig E, Kong Y, Horvath TL, Weatherbee S, Kliman HJ, Coyne CB, Iwasaki A. Type I interferons instigate fetal demise after Zika virus infection. Sci Immunol 2018; 3:eaao1680. [PMID: 29305462 PMCID: PMC6049088 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aao1680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy is associated with adverse fetal outcomes, including microcephaly, growth restriction, and fetal demise. Type I interferons (IFNs) are essential for host resistance against ZIKV, and IFN-α/β receptor (IFNAR)-deficient mice are highly susceptible to ZIKV infection. Severe fetal growth restriction with placental damage and fetal resorption is observed after ZIKV infection of type I IFN receptor knockout (Ifnar1-/-) dams mated with wild-type sires, resulting in fetuses with functional type I IFN signaling. The role of type I IFNs in limiting or mediating ZIKV disease within this congenital infection model remains unknown. In this study, we challenged Ifnar1-/- dams mated with Ifnar1+/- sires with ZIKV. This breeding scheme enabled us to examine pregnant dams that carry a mixture of fetuses that express (Ifnar1+/-) or do not express IFNAR (Ifnar1-/-) within the same uterus. Virus replicated to a higher titer in the placenta of Ifnar1-/- than within the Ifnar1+/- concepti. Yet, rather unexpectedly, we found that only Ifnar1+/- fetuses were resorbed after ZIKV infection during early pregnancy, whereas their Ifnar1-/- littermates continue to develop. Analyses of the fetus and placenta revealed that, after ZIKV infection, IFNAR signaling in the conceptus inhibits development of the placental labyrinth, resulting in abnormal architecture of the maternal-fetal barrier. Exposure of midgestation human chorionic villous explants to type I IFN, but not type III IFNs, altered placental morphology and induced cytoskeletal rearrangements within the villous core. Our results implicate type I IFNs as a possible mediator of pregnancy complications, including spontaneous abortions and growth restriction, in the context of congenital viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Yockey
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kellie A Jurado
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Nitin Arora
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Alon Millet
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Tasfia Rakib
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kristin M Milano
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Andrew K Hastings
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Erol Fikrig
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Yong Kong
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Tamas L Horvath
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Section of Comparative Medicine New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Scott Weatherbee
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Harvey J Kliman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Carolyn B Coyne
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC (University of Pittsburgh Medical Center), Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
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45
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Cappelletti M, Lawson MJ, Chan CC, Wilburn AN, Divanovic S. Differential outcomes of TLR2 engagement in inflammation-induced preterm birth. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 103:535-543. [PMID: 29345344 PMCID: PMC6084304 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ma0717-274rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of neonatal mortality worldwide. Infection and inflammation are considered main causes of PTB. Among multiple pathogens, Gram‐positive bacteria are commonly linked with induction of PTB. Although activation of innate immune responses, via TLR2 engagement, by Gram‐positive bacteria is a likely cause, whether induction of PTB depends on the potency of specific microbial components to induce Toll‐like receptor (TLR)2‐driven inflammation has not been elucidated. Here, we show that TLR2 activation by synthetic lipopeptides, Pam2Cys, and Pam3Cys specifically, variably influenced inflammation and subsequent induction of PTB. Pam2Cys challenge, compared to Pam3Cys, induced PTB and promoted significantly higher expression of inflammatory cytokines, specifically IL‐6 and IFN‐β, both in vivo and in vitro. Notably, antibody‐mediated neutralization of IL‐6 or genetic deletion of type I IFN receptor (IFNAR) was sufficient to protect from Pam2Cys‐driven PTB and to temper excessive proinflammatory cytokine production. Conversely, IFN‐β or IL‐6 was not sufficient to promote induction of PTB by Pam3Cys. In summary, our data implies a divergent function of TLR2‐activating lipopeptides in the magnitude and type of ligand‐driven inflammatory vigor in induction of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cappelletti
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthew J Lawson
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Molecular, Cellular and Biochemical Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Calvin C Chan
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Adrienne N Wilburn
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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46
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Abstract
The comparison of the immunological state of pregnancy to an immunosuppressed host-graft model continues to lead research and clinical practice to ill-defined approaches. This Review discusses recent evidence that supports the idea that immunological responses at the receptive maternal-fetal interface are not simply suppressed but are instead highly dynamic. We discuss the crucial role of trophoblast cells in shaping not only the way in which immune cells respond to the invading blastocyst but also how they collectively react to external stimuli. We also discuss the role of the microbiota in promoting a tolerogenic maternal immune system and highlight how subclinical viral infections can disrupt this status quo, leading to pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Mor
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Paulomi Aldo
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Ayesha B Alvero
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
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