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Rietscher K, Magin TM. Mechanobiology: Border crosstalk protects the nucleus from stress. Curr Biol 2023; 33:R1002-R1004. [PMID: 37816316 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
A new study reports that the extracellular matrix component laminin-111 shields the nucleus from actin-mediated forces by engaging the keratin cytoskeleton. Thus, matrix composition represents a means by which tissues can protect cell nuclei from mechanical damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Rietscher
- Institute of Biology, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas M Magin
- Institute of Biology, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
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2
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Rousset L, Bohelay G, Gille T, Le Roux-Villet C, Kambouchner M, Levy A, Brauner M, Tandjaoui H, Aucouturier F, Mignot S, Caux F, Prost-Squarcioni C, Alexandre M. Bronchial involvement in mucous membrane pemphigoid: 2 cases and a literature review. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2023; 150:64-70. [PMID: 36435654 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Rousset
- Department of Dermatology, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France; Referral Centre for Autoimmune Blistering Diseases (MALIBUL), France
| | - G Bohelay
- Department of Dermatology, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France; Referral Centre for Autoimmune Blistering Diseases (MALIBUL), France
| | - T Gille
- Department of Physiology and Functional Explorations, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France; Inserm U1272 "Hypoxia and the Lung", UFR SMBH Léonard de Vinci, Paris 13 University, France
| | - C Le Roux-Villet
- Department of Dermatology, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France; Referral Centre for Autoimmune Blistering Diseases (MALIBUL), France
| | - M Kambouchner
- Department of Pathology, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France
| | - A Levy
- Department of Pathology, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France
| | - M Brauner
- Department of Radiology, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France
| | - H Tandjaoui
- Department of Pulmonology, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France
| | - F Aucouturier
- Department of Immunology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris 7 University, 75010 Paris, France
| | - S Mignot
- Department of Immunology, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris 7 University, 75018 Paris, France
| | - F Caux
- Department of Dermatology, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France; Referral Centre for Autoimmune Blistering Diseases (MALIBUL), France
| | - C Prost-Squarcioni
- Department of Dermatology, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France; Referral Centre for Autoimmune Blistering Diseases (MALIBUL), France; Histology Laboratory, UFR SMBH Léonard de Vinci, Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France
| | - M Alexandre
- Department of Dermatology, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France; Referral Centre for Autoimmune Blistering Diseases (MALIBUL), France.
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3
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Ahmed AR, Aksoy M, Kinane TB. Pemphigoid of the pulmonary system (POPS): A review of a less recognized feature. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2022; 21:103180. [PMID: 35981700 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
This review of Pemphigoid of the Pulmonary System (POPS) is a comprehensive description of pulmonary involvement in patients with mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), which is an orphan autoimmune blistering disease. The objective of the review was to analyze clinical features of pulmonary involvement in MMP. This POPS review is a case series in which multiple search engines were utilized from inception to June 2022 for cases of MMP with biopsy and immunopathology proven tracheal and bronchial pemphigoid. Clinical profiles prior to pulmonary involvement, bronchoscopy findings, clinical course and therapy were recorded and cause of death was analyzed. Patients with documented MMP who developed tracheal, bronchial and pulmonary involvement were included in the POPS review. Histology and immunopathology documentation were essential diagnostic criteria. Comparison groups were not possible. Patients were treated with immunosuppressive therapy. Some required surgical interventions. Six of the 11 patients attained complete or partial remission on or off therapy. Five patients died from pulmonary complications. The POPS review had six females and five males. The mean age at onset was 20 years (range 4-76), while 80% of the patients were under 40 years. All had severe widespread MMP involving three to five mucosal tissues. 100% had oral, 82% had ocular and cutaneous involvement. Pulmonary involvement occurred at 24 mo (range 2-372) after the onset of MMP. Bronchoscopy revealed acute inflammation during active disease and scarring of the trachea and bronchi in the later stages. Systemic infections occurred in 45%, while pulmonary infection occurred in 36%. Mortality due to respiratory failure, at the median age of 20 years (range 18-76), occurred in 45% of the patients, and was considered disease related. In spite of the young age, while there are some similarities in the clinical profile and response to systemic therapy, there are definitive differences from other patients with MMP. Early diagnosis with appropriate management could produce better clinical outcomes and prevent mortality in this orphan disease. Consequently, there is a critical need for early identification and diagnosis of POPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Razzaque Ahmed
- Center for Blistering Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Merve Aksoy
- Center for Blistering Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Chief Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Shahramian K, Gasik M, Kangasniemi I, Walboomers XF, Willberg J, Abdulmajeed A, Närhi T. Zirconia implants with improved attachment to the gingival tissue. J Periodontol 2020; 91:1213-1224. [PMID: 31858607 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gingival tissue attachment is known to be important for long-term prognosis of implants. This in vitro study evaluated the gingival attachment to zirconia implants and zirconia implants modified with sol-gel derived TiO2 coatings. METHODS Zirconia endodontic posts (n = 23) were used to function as implants that were inserted into the center of full-thickness porcine gingival explants (n = 31). The tissue/implant specimens were then individually placed at an air/liquid interface on a stainless-steel grid in cell culture wells containing a nutrient solution. The tissue cultures were incubated at 37°C in a 5% CO2 environment and at days 7 and 14, the specimens were harvested and analyzed by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements under dynamic loading conditions mimicking natural mastication. Specimens were also analyzed by immunohistochemical staining identifying the laminin (Ln) γ2 chain specific for Ln-332, which is known to be a crucial molecule for the proper attachment of epithelium to tooth/implant surface. RESULTS Tissue attachment to TiO2 -coated zirconia demonstrated higher dynamic modulus of elasticity and higher creep modulus, meaning that the attachment is stronger and more resistant to damage during function over time. Laminin γ2 was identified in the attachment of epithelium to TiO2 -coated zirconia. CONCLUSIONS Both DMA and histological analysis support each other, so the gingival tissue is more strongly attached to sol-gel derived TiO2 -coated zirconia than uncoated zirconia. Immunohistochemical staining showed that TiO2 coating may enhance the synthesis and deposition of Ln-332 in the epithelial attachment to the implant surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Shahramian
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center (TCBC), University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Michael Gasik
- School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University Foundation, AALTO, Espoo, Finland
| | - Ilkka Kangasniemi
- Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center (TCBC), University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - X Frank Walboomers
- Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jaana Willberg
- Department of Oral Pathology and Radiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Turku University Central Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Welfare Division, Oral Health Care, Turku, Finland
| | - Aous Abdulmajeed
- Department of General Practice, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Timo Närhi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center (TCBC), University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Welfare Division, Oral Health Care, Turku, Finland
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5
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Wang W, Zuidema A, te Molder L, Nahidiazar L, Hoekman L, Schmidt T, Coppola S, Sonnenberg A. Hemidesmosomes modulate force generation via focal adhesions. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e201904137. [PMID: 31914171 PMCID: PMC7041674 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201904137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemidesmosomes are specialized cell-matrix adhesion structures that are associated with the keratin cytoskeleton. Although the adhesion function of hemidesmosomes has been extensively studied, their role in mechanosignaling and transduction remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that keratinocytes lacking hemidesmosomal integrin α6β4 exhibit increased focal adhesion formation, cell spreading, and traction-force generation. Moreover, disruption of the interaction between α6β4 and intermediate filaments or laminin-332 results in similar phenotypical changes. We further demonstrate that integrin α6β4 regulates the activity of the mechanosensitive transcriptional regulator YAP through inhibition of Rho-ROCK-MLC- and FAK-PI3K-dependent signaling pathways. Additionally, increased tension caused by impaired hemidesmosome assembly leads to a redistribution of integrin αVβ5 from clathrin lattices to focal adhesions. Our results reveal a novel role for hemidesmosomes as regulators of cellular mechanical forces and establish the existence of a mechanical coupling between adhesion complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alba Zuidema
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lisa te Molder
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Leila Nahidiazar
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Hoekman
- Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Physics of Life Processes, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Stefano Coppola
- Physics of Life Processes, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Wang J, He XT, Xu XY, Yin Y, Li X, Bi CS, Hong YL, Chen FM. Surface modification via plasmid-mediated pLAMA3-CM gene transfection promotes the attachment of gingival epithelial cells to titanium sheets in vitro and improves biological sealing at the transmucosal sites of titanium implants in vivo. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:7415-7427. [PMID: 31710069 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01715a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although titanium implants have been applied in dental clinics to replace lost teeth and to restore masticatory function for decades, strategies to design the surface of the transmucosal sites of implants to achieve ideal and predictable biological sealing following implantation remain to be optimized. In this study, we hypothesized that gingival epithelial cell (GEC) adhesion and new tissue attachment to titanium sheets/implants could be promoted by the release of plasmid pLAMA3-CM (encoding a motif of the C-terminal globular domain of LAMA3) from a titanium surface. To test this hypothesis, a chitosan/collagen (Chi/Col) coating was immobilized on the surfaces of titanium substrates with nanotube topography (NT-Ti) through cathodic electrophoretic deposition; it was found that pLAMA3-CM could be released from the coating in a highly sustained manner. After culturing on titanium with nanotube topography coated by Chi/Col with the plasmid pLAMA3-CM (Chi/Col/pLAMA3-CM-Ti), human GECs (hGECs) were found to effectively uptake the incorporated plasmids, which resulted in improved attachment, as evidenced by morphological and immunofluorescence analyses. In addition, Chi/Col/pLAMA3-CM-Ti induced better biological sealing at transmucosal sites following immediate implantation into Sprague-Dawley rats. Our findings indicate that the modification of titanium implants by plasmid-mediated pLAMA3-CM gene transfection points to a practical strategy for optimizing biological sealing around the transmucosal sites of implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Tao He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Xin-Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Yuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Chun-Sheng Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Yong-Long Hong
- Stomatology Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Fa-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
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Orime M, Tomiyama K, Hashidate H, Yoshida S, Hokari S, Tsuda A, Yokoyama H, Narita JI, Uchida Y, Kanekura T, Abe R, Ishii N, Hashimoto T, Kawai K. Non-paraneoplastic autoimmune subepidermal bullous disease associated with fatal bronchiolitis obliterans. J Dermatol 2017; 44:461-464. [PMID: 27914107 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bronchiolitis obliterans is a small-airway obstructive lung disease for which immunologically mediated pathogenesis is supposed. Frequent association of bronchiolitis obliterans with paraneoplastic pemphigus is well known, but its association with other autoimmune bullous diseases has not been reported except for a case of anti-laminin-332-type mucous membrane pemphigoid in a patient with chronic graft-versus-host disease. We report a case of non-paraneoplastic autoimmune subepidermal bullous disease associated with fatal bronchiolitis obliterans in a patient without transplantation. Although the patient's serum contained immunoglobulin (Ig)A antibodies to the 180-kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen/type XVII collagen and IgG antibodies to laminin-332, diagnosis of either linear IgA bullous dermatosis or mucous membrane pemphigoid could not be made because of the failure to detect linear IgA deposition at the basement membrane zone by direct immunofluorescence and the lack of mucous membrane lesions. Physicians should be aware that autoimmune bullous diseases other than paraneoplastic pemphigus can also associate with this rare but potentially fatal lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Orime
- Division of Dermatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Tomiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hideki Hashidate
- Department of Pathology, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoru Yoshida
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Center, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hokari
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiko Tsuda
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kido Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yokoyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kido Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Narita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kido Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Youhei Uchida
- Department of Dermatology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takuro Kanekura
- Department of Dermatology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Riichiro Abe
- Division of Dermatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Norito Ishii
- Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takashi Hashimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kawai
- Department of Dermatology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Kido Hospital, Niigata, Japan
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8
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Diociaiuti A, Zambruno G, Diomedi Camassei F, Di Zenzo G, Capolupo I, Stoppa F, Forziati V, El Hachem M. IgA tracheobronchial deposits underlie respiratory compromise in neonatal linear IgA bullous dermatosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 31:e333-e335. [PMID: 28079922 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Diociaiuti
- Dermatology Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - G Zambruno
- Dermatology Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - G Di Zenzo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - I Capolupo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - F Stoppa
- Emergency Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - V Forziati
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, F. Miulli Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - M El Hachem
- Dermatology Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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9
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Kulkarni T, de Andrade J, Zhou Y, Luckhardt T, Thannickal VJ. Alveolar epithelial disintegrity in pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L185-91. [PMID: 27233996 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00115.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disease characterized by progressive decline in lung function, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Current concepts of the pathogenesis of IPF primarily center on dysregulated epithelial cell repair and altered epithelial-mesenchymal communication and extracellular matrix deposition following chronic exposure to cigarette smoke or environmental toxins. In recent years, increasing attention has been directed toward the role of the intercellular junctional complex in determining the specific properties of epithelia in pulmonary diseases. Additionally, recent genomewide association studies suggest that specific genetic variants predictive of epithelial cell dysfunction may confer susceptibility to the development of sporadic idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. A number of genetic disorders linked to pulmonary fibrosis and familial interstitial pneumonias are associated with loss of epithelial integrity. However, the potential links between extrapulmonary clinical syndromes associated with defects in epithelial cells and the development of pulmonary fibrosis are not well understood. Here, we report a case of hereditary mucoepithelial dysplasia that presented with pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema on high-resolution computed tomography. This case illustrates a more generalizable concept of epithelial disintegrity in the development of fibrotic lung diseases, which is explored in greater detail in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini Kulkarni
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Joao de Andrade
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Tracy Luckhardt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Atsuta I, Ayukawa Y, Furuhashi A, Ogino Y, Moriyama Y, Tsukiyama Y, Koyano K. In vivo and in vitro studies of epithelial cell behavior around titanium implants with machined and rough surfaces. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2014; 16:772-81. [PMID: 23448501 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The surface roughness of a dental implant affects the epithelial wound healing process and may significantly enhance implant prognosis. PURPOSE We explored the influence of surface roughness on peri-implant epithelium (PIE) sealing and down-growth by comparing machine-surfaced (Ms) and rough-surfaced (Rs) implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS (1) Maxillary first molars were extracted from rats and replaced with Ms or Rs implants. (2) We also compared changes in the morphology of cultured rat oral epithelial cells (OECs) grown on Ms or Rs titanium (Ti) plates. RESULTS (1) After 4 weeks, the PIE around Ms and Rs implants showed a similar structure to junctional epithelium (JE). At 16 weeks, Rs implants appeared to form a weak epithelial seal at the tissue-implant interface and exhibited markedly less PIE down-growth than Ms implants but was deeper than that observed in natural teeth. (2) We observed less expression of adhesion proteins in OECs cultured on Rs plates than in cells grown on Ms plates. Additionally, cell adherence, migration, and proliferation on Rs plates were lower, whereas apoptosis was reduced on Ms plates. CONCLUSION Ms implants are a better choice for integration with an epithelial wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikiru Atsuta
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
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11
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Atsuta I, Ayukawa Y, Yamaza T, Furuhashi A, Koyano K. The role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in adhesion of oral epithelial cells to titanium. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58:1696-708. [PMID: 24112737 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral epithelial cells (OECs) adhesion to titanium may improve the success rate of implant restoration. PURPOSE We investigated the mechanism by which OECs adhere to titanium dental implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS (1) After culturing rat OECs on titanium plates (Ti) or culture dishes in the presence or absence of a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activator or inhibitors and/or growth factors, and OEC morphology under these conditions were analyzed. (2) Right maxillary first molars were extracted and replaced with experimental implants. The rats were treated with or without growth factors. RESULTS (1) Cell adherence was lower of OECs on Ti than in those on culture dishes, as were the levels of integrin β4 and the continuity of F-actin structures. After PI3K inhibition, markedly reducing adherence to both substrates. In contrast, PI3K activation with activator or insulin-like growth factor restored the OEC adherence and the expression of adhesion molecules on Ti to the levels seen in OECs cultured on dishes. Cell migration was inhibited by PI3K activation. (2) High expression of integrin β4 was observed in the peri-implant epithelia of PI3K-activated rats. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that PI3K plays an important role in the adhesion of OECs to Ti.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikiru Atsuta
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Devision of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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12
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Jeffe JS, Seshadri S, Hamill KJ, Huang JH, Carter R, Suh L, Hulse KE, Norton J, Conley DB, Chandra RK, Kern RC, Jones JCR, Schleimer RP, Tan BK. A role for anti-BP180 autoantibodies in chronic rhinosinusitis. Laryngoscope 2013; 123:2104-11. [PMID: 24167818 PMCID: PMC3813294 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is accompanied by evidence of a vigorous adaptive immune response, and emerging studies demonstrate that some nasal polyps manifest a polyclonal autoantibody response. We previously found that antibodies against BP180, a component of the hemidesmosome complex and the dominant epitope in autoimmune bullous pemphigoid, were found at elevated levels in nasal polyp tissue. Given the critical role of hemidesmosomes in maintaining epithelial integrity, we sought to investigate the distribution of BP180 in nasal tissue and evaluate for evidence of systemic autoimmunity against this antigen in CRS. STUDY DESIGN Case-control experimental study. METHODS The expression and distribution of BP180 in cultured nasal epithelial cells and normal nasal tissue were confirmed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western immunoblotting, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. Sera were collected from three groups: control, CRSsNP, and CRSwNP. A commercially available ELISA was utilized to compare anti-BP180 autoantibody levels in sera. RESULTS BP180 is expressed in nasal epithelium, but is not confined to the basement membrane as it is in human skin. In cultured nasal epithelial cells, confocal immunofluorescence showed a punctate distribution of BP180 along the basal surface, consistent with its distribution in epithelial keratinocytes. There are significantly higher levels of circulating nonpathologic anti-BP180 autoantibodies in CRS patients compared with normal controls (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS BP180 is more widely expressed in nasal epithelium versus skin, although it appears to play a similar role in the formation of hemidesmosomes along the basement membrane. Further investigations are ongoing to characterize the pathogenicity of the anti-epithelial antibody response in CRS.
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Bonifazi M, Zuccatosta L, Poidomani G, Ranaldi R, Gasparini S. Bullous pemphigoid with the unusual complication of tracheobronchial involvement. Chest 2013; 143:236-238. [PMID: 23276847 DOI: 10.1378/chest.12-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Bullous pemphygoid is the most common blistering skin disease, characterized by an autoantibody response against two major hemidesmosomal antigens within the dermo-epidermal junction. We describe a proven case of bullous pemphigoid with extensive tracheobronchial involvement and with the only bronchoscopic images available in the published literature, to our knowledge. The patient, a 73-year-old woman with a medical history of bullous pemphigoid, was admitted to our hospital for dyspnea, productive cough, and blood-streaked sputum. She underwent bronchoscopy, which showed ulcerative tracheitis with fibrinous exudates. After antibiotic therapy, a repeat bronchoscopy revealed hemorrhagic vesciculobullous lesions in the subglottic area and at the level of the main bronchi. Pathologic evaluation, direct immunofluorescence microscopy examination, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay led to a definitive diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid. Due to the potential confounding presence of bacterial superinfection, the real prevalence of such manifestation of this disease is still unknown. Our experience should alert clinicians about this possible localization of bullous pemphigoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Bonifazi
- Pulmonary Diseases Unit, Department of Immunoallergic and Respiratory Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'Ospedali Riuniti', Ancona, Italy
| | - Lina Zuccatosta
- Pulmonary Diseases Unit, Department of Immunoallergic and Respiratory Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'Ospedali Riuniti', Ancona, Italy
| | - Grazia Poidomani
- Pulmonary Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Ancona, Italy
| | - Renzo Ranaldi
- Institute of Pathologic Anatomy and Histopathology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'Ospedali Riuniti', Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Gasparini
- Pulmonary Diseases Unit, Department of Immunoallergic and Respiratory Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'Ospedali Riuniti', Ancona, Italy.
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Atsuta I, Ayukawa Y, Furuhashi A, Yamaza T, Tsukiyama Y, Koyano K. Promotive effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 for epithelial sealing to titanium implants. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 101:2896-904. [PMID: 23505067 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Improvement of oral epithelial adhesion to titanium (Ti) may significantly enhance the efficacy of dental implants. Here, we investigated whether insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) improved the sealing of the peri-implant epithelium (PIE) around the implant. Right maxillary first molars were extracted from rats and replaced with experimental implants. After 4 weeks of IGF-1 treatment, the implant-PIE interface exhibited a band of immunoreactive laminin-332 (Ln-5), similar to the tooth-junctional epithelium interface, that was partially absent in the untreated group. Immunoelectron microscopy showed a characteristic Ln-5-positive band including hemidesmosomes at both the apical and upper portions of the implant-PIE interface in the IGF-1-treated group. We also investigated the effects of IGF-1/PI3K inhibitors on the dynamics of rat oral epithelial cells (OECs) grown on Ti plates. In OECs cultured with IGF-1, adhesion protein expression increased, cell adherence to Ti plates was higher, and proliferation was faster, whereas migration and apoptosis were induced in the absence of IGF-1 or in the presence of both IGF-1 and a PI3K inhibitor. These data suggest that PI3K mediates the promotive effects of IGF-1, and that IGF-1 is effective at enhancing epithelial integration around Ti implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikiru Atsuta
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California
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15
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Atkinson JJ, Adair-Kirk TL, Kelley DG, Demello D, Senior RM. Clara cell adhesion and migration to extracellular matrix. Respir Res 2008; 9:1. [PMID: 18179694 PMCID: PMC2249579 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-9-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2007] [Accepted: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clara cells are the epithelial progenitor cell of the small airways, a location known to be important in many lung disorders. Although migration of alveolar type II and bronchiolar ciliated epithelial cells has been examined, the migratory response of Clara cells has received little attention. Methods Using a modification of existing procedures for Clara cell isolation, we examined mouse Clara cells and a mouse Clara-like cell line (C22) for adhesion to and migration toward matrix substrate gradients, to establish the nature and integrin dependence of migration in Clara cells. Results We observed that Clara cells adhere preferentially to fibronectin (Fn) and type I collagen (Col I) similar to previous reports. Migration of Clara cells can be directed by a fixed gradient of matrix substrates (haptotaxis). Migration of the C22 cell line was similar to the Clara cells so integrin dependence of migration was evaluated with this cell line. As determined by competition with an RGD containing-peptide, migration of C22 cells toward Fn and laminin (Lm) 511 (formerly laminin 10) was significantly RGD integrin dependent, but migration toward Col I was RGD integrin independent, suggesting that Clara cells utilize different receptors for these different matrices. Conclusion Thus, Clara cells resemble alveolar type II and bronchiolar ciliated epithelial cells by showing integrin mediated pro-migratory changes to extracellular matrix components that are present in tissues after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Atkinson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St, Louis, MO, USA.
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16
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Serrano F, López-G L, Jadraque M, Koper M, Ellis G, Cano P, Martín M, Garrido L. A Nd:YAG laser-microperforated poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)-basal membrane matrix composite film as substrate for keratinocytes. Biomaterials 2006; 28:650-60. [PMID: 17027945 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2006] [Accepted: 09/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Epithelia cultured for the treatment of ulcers, burns and for gene therapy applications require a flexible biomaterial for growth and transplantation that is adaptable to body contours. We tested several materials and found that a poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBHV) polyester provided support for keratinocytes, although adhesion to this material proved to be suboptimal. Since epithelia adhere to the mesoderm through basal membranes, we engineered a basal membrane surrogate by preparing composites of PHBHV with basal membrane matrix (BMM). To allow cell migration into injuried areas the polyester film was micromachined to insert high-density micropores through a Nd:YAG laser ablation process. These flexible composites provided firm attachment for keratinocytes from the outer root sheath of human hair allowing keratinocyte migration through micropores. Films of microperforated PHBHV-BMM may be of use for the replacement of diseased or injured skin epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Serrano
- Fundación Hospital de Alcorcón, Avda Villaviciosa 1, Alcorcón E-28922, Spain.
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17
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Isakson BE, Olsen CE, Boitano S. Laminin-332 alters connexin profile, dye coupling and intercellular Ca2+ waves in ciliated tracheal epithelial cells. Respir Res 2006; 7:105. [PMID: 16884540 PMCID: PMC1559610 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-7-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2006] [Accepted: 08/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tracheal epithelial cells are anchored to a dynamic basement membrane that contains a variety of extracellular matrix proteins including collagens and laminins. During development, wound repair and disease of the airway epithelium, significant changes in extracellular matrix proteins may directly affect cell migration, differentiation and events mediated by intercellular communication. We hypothesized that alterations in cell matrix, specifically type I collagen and laminin alpha3beta3gamma2 (LM-332) proteins within the matrix, directly affect intercellular communication in ciliated rabbit tracheal epithelial cells (RTEC). METHODS Functional coupling of RTEC was monitored by microinjection of the negatively charged fluorescent dyes, Lucifer Yellow and Alexa 350, into ciliated RTEC grown on either a LM-332/collagen or collagen matrix. Coupling of physiologically significant molecules was evaluated by the mechanism and extent of propagated intercellular Ca2+ waves. Expression of connexin (Cx) mRNA and proteins were assayed by reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry, respectively. RESULTS When compared to RTEC grown on collagen alone, RTEC grown on LM-332/collagen displayed a significant increase in dye transfer. Although mechanical stimulation of RTEC grown on either LM-332/collagen or collagen alone resulted in intercellular Ca2+ waves, the mechanism of transfer was dependent on matrix: RTEC grown on LM-332/collagen propagated Ca2+waves via extracellular purinergic signaling whereas RTEC grown on collagen used gap junctions. Comparison of RTEC grown on collagen or LM-332/collagen matrices revealed a reorganization of Cx26, Cx43 and Cx46 proteins. CONCLUSION Alterations in airway basement membrane proteins such as LM-332 can induce connexin reorganizations and result in altered cellular communication mechanisms that could contribute to airway tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brant E Isakson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, University of Virginia Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
| | - Colin E Olsen
- Arizona Respiratory Center, Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA
| | - Scott Boitano
- Arizona Respiratory Center, Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA
- Department of Physiology, Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA
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18
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Nguyen NM, Pulkkinen L, Schlueter JA, Meneguzzi G, Uitto J, Senior RM. Lung development in laminin gamma2 deficiency: abnormal tracheal hemidesmosomes with normal branching morphogenesis and epithelial differentiation. Respir Res 2006; 7:28. [PMID: 16483354 PMCID: PMC1386662 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-7-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2005] [Accepted: 02/16/2006] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Laminin γ2 (Lamc2), one of the polypeptides in laminin-332 (laminin-5), is prominent in the basement membrane of alveolar walls and airways of developing and adult lung. Laminins are important for lung morphogenesis and based on its localization, a function for laminin γ2 in lung development has been hypothesized. Targeted deletion of the laminin γ2 gene in mice results in skin blistering and neonatal death at 3–5 days after birth due to failure to thrive. Methods Examination of lung development in Lamc2-/- mice through 1–2 days postnatal was accomplished by morphometric analysis, lung bud culture, electron microscopy, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. Results Compared to littermate controls, Lamc2-/- lungs were similar in morphology during embryonic life. At post-natal day 1–2, distal saccules were mildly dilated by chord length measurements. Epithelial differentiation as evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for markers of ciliated cells, Clara cells, alveolar type I cells and alveolar type II cells did not reveal a difference between Lamc2-/- and littermate control lungs. Likewise, vascular development, smooth muscle cell differentiation, and elastic fiber formation looked similar, as did airway basement membrane ultrastructure. Branching morphogenesis by lung bud culture was similar in Lamc2-/- and littermate control lungs. Since laminin-332 is important for hemidesmosome formation, we examined the structure of tracheal hemidesmosomes by transmission electron microscopy. Compared to littermate controls, Lamc2-/- tracheal hemidesmosomes were less organized and lacked the increased electron density associated with the basement membrane abutting the hemidesmosome. Conclusion These findings indicate that laminin γ2 and laminin-332, despite their prominence in the lung, have a minimal role in lung development through the saccular stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyet M Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Leena Pulkkinen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jessica A Schlueter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Guerrino Meneguzzi
- INSERM U634, School of Medicine, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert M Senior
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Amin K, Janson C, Sevéus L, Miyazaki K, Virtanen I, Venge P. Uncoordinated production of Laminin-5 chains in airways epithelium of allergic asthmatics. Respir Res 2005; 6:110. [PMID: 16179086 PMCID: PMC1261536 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-6-110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2005] [Accepted: 09/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laminins are a group of proteins largely responsible for the anchorage of cells to basement membranes. We hypothesized that altered Laminin chain production in the bronchial mucosa might explain the phenomenon of epithelial cell shedding in asthma. The aim was to characterize the presence of Laminin chains in the SEBM and epithelium in allergic and non-allergic asthmatics. PATIENTS AND METHODS Biopsies were taken from the bronchi of 11 patients with allergic and 9 patients with non-allergic asthma and from 7 controls and stained with antibodies against the Laminin (ln) chains alpha1-alpha5, beta1-beta2 and gamma1-gamma2. RESULTS Lns-2,-5 and -10 were the main Laminins of SEBM. The layer of ln-10 was thicker in the two asthmatic groups while an increased thickness of lns-2 and -5 was only seen in allergic asthmatics. The ln gamma2-chain, which is only found in ln 5, was exclusively expressed in epithelial cells in association with epithelial injury and in the columnar epithelium of allergic asthmatics. CONCLUSION The uncoordinated production of chains of ln-5 in allergic asthma could have a bearing on the poor epithelial cell anchorage in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawa Amin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lahja Sevéus
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kaoru Miyazaki
- Division of Cell Biology, Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ismo Virtanen
- Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per Venge
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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20
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Gudi VS, White MI, Cruickshank N, Herriot R, Edwards SL, Nimmo F, Ormerod AD. Annual incidence and mortality of bullous pemphigoid in the Grampian Region of North-east Scotland. Br J Dermatol 2005; 153:424-7. [PMID: 16086760 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06662.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the annual incidence of bullous pemphigoid (BP) in the U.K. are scarce. OBJECTIVES To estimate the annual incidence of BP in Grampian Region (North-east Scotland) and to assess the causes of mortality in this cohort of patients. METHODS Details were obtained of all patients with a diagnosis of BP recorded in the database of the Pathology Department, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary between January 1991 and December 2001. Community Health Index population data were obtained from the Grampian Health Board and the annual incidence and age- and sex-specific incidence were calculated. Mortality data were obtained from the Patient Administration System and causes of death obtained from the Office of the Registrar for Births and Deaths for Scotland. RESULTS Eighty-three patients met criteria for diagnosis of BP. The annual incidence of BP in Grampian region was estimated to be 14 cases per million per year. There was a clear and marked rise in the incidence in patients over the age of 80 years. Forty-eight per cent of patients with BP died within 2 years of diagnosis. The all-cause age-standardized mortality ratio was 576%. When compared with cause-specific mortality in the Grampian population over 60 years of age, respiratory disease accounted for a higher than expected number of deaths in our cohort of patients with BP (odds ratio 5.3, 95% confidence interval 3.0-9.4). CONCLUSIONS North-east Scotland appears to have a relatively high incidence of BP when compared with incidence rates in continental Europe. The mortality rate in patients with BP is considerable, especially within the first 2 years of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Gudi
- Department of Dermatology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK.
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21
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Jones JCR, Lane K, Hopkinson SB, Lecuona E, Geiger RC, Dean DA, Correa-Meyer E, Gonzales M, Campbell K, Sznajder JI, Budinger S. Laminin-6 assembles into multimolecular fibrillar complexes with perlecan and participates in mechanical-signal transduction via a dystroglycan-dependent, integrin-independent mechanism. J Cell Sci 2005; 118:2557-66. [PMID: 15928048 PMCID: PMC2820238 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.02395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is a valuable treatment regimen for respiratory failure. However, mechanical ventilation (especially with high tidal volumes) is implicated in the initiation and/or exacerbation of lung injury. Hence, it is important to understand how the cells that line the inner surface of the lung [alveolar epithelial cells (AECs)] sense cyclic stretching. Here, we tested the hypothesis that matrix molecules, via their interaction with surface receptors, transduce mechanical signals in AECs. We first determined that rat AECs secrete an extracellular matrix (ECM) rich in anastamosing fibers composed of the alpha3 laminin subunit, complexed with beta1 and gamma1 laminin subunits (i.e. laminin-6), and perlecan by a combination of immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblotting analyses. The fibrous network exhibits isotropic expansion when exposed to cyclic stretching (30 cycles per minute, 10% strain). Moreover, this same stretching regimen activates mitogen-activated-protein kinase (MAPK) in AECs. Stretch-induced MAPK activation is not inhibited in AECs treated with antagonists to alpha3 or beta1 integrin. However, MAPK activation is significantly reduced in cells treated with function-inhibiting antibodies against the alpha3 laminin subunit and dystroglycan, and when dystroglycan is knocked down in AECs using short hairpin RNA. In summary, our results support a novel mechanism by which laminin-6, via interaction with dystroglycan, transduces a mechanical signal initiated by stretching that subsequently activates the MAPK pathway in rat AECs. These results are the first to indicate a function for laminin-6. They also provide novel insight into the role of the pericellular environment in dictating the response of epithelial cells to mechanical stimulation and have broad implications for the pathophysiology of lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C R Jones
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Atsuta I, Yamaza T, Yoshinari M, Mino S, Goto T, Kido MA, Terada Y, Tanaka T. Changes in the distribution of laminin-5 during peri-implant epithelium formation after immediate titanium implantation in rats. Biomaterials 2005; 26:1751-60. [PMID: 15576149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2004] [Accepted: 05/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Laminin-5 (Ln-5), a component of the basement membrane (BM), regulates epithelial cell migration and adhesion. This study used anti-Ln-5 (gamma2chain) antibody to investigate the distribution of Ln-5 during the formation of peri-implant epithelium (PIE) in rats, and compared it to the distribution of Ln-5 during oral mucosa formation after tooth extraction. One day after extraction, the junctional epithelium (JE) had disappeared. After 3 days, new epithelium formed from the oral sulcular epithelium (OSE) and extended horizontally over the wound with Ln-5-positive cells at the leading edge. After 5 days, the epithelium extending from the OSE on each side of the wound joined and formed additional new epithelium. The new epithelium expressed Ln-5 in the BM. After 1-2 weeks, the oral epithelium (OE) extending from the sides of the wound joined in the center. Thereafter, OSE and new epithelium disappeared, and only OE remained covering the wound. Three days after implantation (titanium), no JE remained. New epithelium formed from the keratinized OSE extending apically with Ln-5-positive cells. After 1-2 weeks, the new epithelium became the PIE and spread further apically facing the implant surface. Ln-5 was expressed at the PIE-connective tissue interface, but not at the implant-PIE interface. Finally, after 4 weeks, Ln-5 was expressed at the implant-PIE interface, and the PIE was non-keratinized epithelium. These findings suggest that Ln-5 induces cell migration during PIE formation, and that PIE originates from OSE. Furthermore, they support the hypothesis that Ln-5 contributes to the attachment of PIE to titanium, regardless of the delay in the synthesis and deposition of Ln-5 at the titanium-PIE interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikiru Atsuta
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Gazdar AF, Miyajima K, Reddy J, Sathyanarayana UG, Shigematsu H, Suzuki M, Takahashi T, Shivapurkar N. Molecular Targets for Cancer Therapy and Prevention. Chest 2004; 125:97S-101S. [PMID: 15136434 DOI: 10.1378/chest.125.5_suppl.97s-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite major improvements in patient management, the prognosis for patients with lung cancer remains dismal. As our knowledge of the molecular biology of cancers has increased, new targets for therapeutic interventions have been identified. In this article, we discuss some of the more recent developments in this field. They include revisiting some of the established concepts, such as retinoid metabolism and the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 metabolism. In addition, newer targets, such as transforming growth factor-beta signaling, Janus-activated kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway, and cell invasion are discussed. These studies demonstrate that multiple, often overlapping, mechanisms of disruption are present in lung cancer cells, presenting a plethora of molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi F Gazdar
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8593, USA.
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24
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Sathyanarayana UG, Maruyama R, Padar A, Suzuki M, Bondaruk J, Sagalowsky A, Minna JD, Frenkel EP, Grossman HB, Czerniak B, Gazdar AF. Molecular detection of noninvasive and invasive bladder tumor tissues and exfoliated cells by aberrant promoter methylation of laminin-5 encoding genes. Cancer Res 2004; 64:1425-30. [PMID: 14973053 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-03-0701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Laminin-5 (LN5) anchors epithelial cells to the underlying basement membrane, and it is encoded by three distinct genes: LAMA3, LAMB3, and LAMC2. To metastasize and grow, cancer cells must invade and destroy the basement membrane. Our previous work has shown that epigenetic inactivation is a major mechanism of silencing LN5 genes in lung cancers. We extended our methylation studies to resected bladder tumors (n = 128) and exfoliated cell samples (bladder washes and voided urine; n = 71) and correlated the data with clinicopathologic findings. Nonmalignant urothelium had uniform expression of LN5 genes and lacked methylation. The methylation frequencies for LN5 genes in tumors were 21-45%, and there was excellent concordance between methylation in tumors and corresponding exfoliated cells. Methylation of LAMA3 and LAMB3 and the methylation index were correlated significantly with several parameters of poor prognosis (tumor grade, growth pattern, muscle invasion, tumor stage, and ploidy pattern), whereas methylation of LAMC2 and methylation index were associated with shortened patient survival. Of particular interest, methylation frequencies of LAMA3 helped to distinguish invasive (72%) from noninvasive (12%) tumors. These results suggest that methylation of LN5 genes has potential clinical applications in bladder cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubaradka G Sathyanarayana
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8593, USA
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Wadsworth SJ, Freyer AM, Corteling RL, Hall IP. Biosynthesized matrix provides a key role for survival signaling in bronchial epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2003; 286:L596-603. [PMID: 14617518 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00217.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) influences a variety of cellular functions, including survival, adhesion molecule expression, differentiation, and migration. The ECM composition of the epithelial basement membrane is altered in asthmatics. In this study, we elucidate the major survival signals received by bronchial epithelial cells in vitro by studying the effects of a variety of ECM factors and soluble growth factors on bronchial epithelial cell survival. Our findings indicate that the insulin family of soluble growth factors provides important survival signals but also that adhesion to ECM is a crucial determinant of bronchial epithelial cell survival. In the BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cell line, collagens I and IV, laminin, fibronectin, and vitronectin provide significant levels of protection from apoptosis. Tenascin-C has no effect, whereas elastin and collagen V increase apoptosis to above control levels. BEAS-2B cells secrete their own biosynthesized matrix (BSM), which also provides rescue from apoptosis. Protection by collagen I, fibronectin, and vitronectin was found to be via an RGD domain. Laminin-, collagen IV-, and BSM-mediated survival is not RGD dependent. Primary bronchial epithelial cells exhibit a similar pattern of apoptosis rescue to the BEAS-2B cell line, although we did not observe any vitronectin-mediated protection in the primary cells. These data indicate that bronchial epithelial cell survival is dependent both on soluble growth factors and on a variety of ECM-derived signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam J Wadsworth
- Division of Therapeutics and Molecular Medicine, South Block, D Floor, University Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.
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Isakson BE, Seedorf GJ, Lubman RL, Boitano S. Heterocellular cultures of pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells grown on laminin-5 supplemented matrix. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2002; 38:443-9. [PMID: 12605538 DOI: 10.1290/1071-2690(2002)038<0443:hcopae>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The pulmonary alveolar epithelium consists of alveolar type I (AT1) and alveolar type II (AT2) cells. Interactions between these two cell types are necessary for alveolar homeostasis and remodeling. These interactions have been difficult to study in vitro because current cell culture models of the alveolar epithelium do not provide a heterocellular population of AT1 and AT2 cells for an extended period of time in culture. In this study, a new method for obtaining heterocellular cultures of AT1- and AT2-like alveolar epithelial cells maintained for 7 d on a rat tail collagen-fibronectin matrix supplemented with laminin-5 is described. These cultures contain cells that appear by their morphology to be either AT1 cells (larger flattened cells without lamellar bodies) or AT2 cells (smaller cuboidal cells with lamellar bodies). AT1-like cells stain for the type I cell marker aquaporin-5, whereas AT2-like cells stain for the type II cell markers surfactant protein C or prosurfactant protein C. AT1/AT2 cell ratios, cell morphology, and cell phenotype-specific staining patterns seen in 7-d-old heterocellular cultures are similar to those seen in alveoli in situ. This culture system, in which a mixed population of phenotypically distinct alveolar epithelial cells are maintained, may facilitate in vitro studies that are more representative of AT1-AT2 cell interactions that occur in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brant E Isakson
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, 16th and Gibbon Streets, Laramie 82071-3166, USA
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Shiraiwa M, Goto T, Yoshinari M, Koyano K, Tanaka T. A study of the initial attachment and subsequent behavior of rat oral epithelial cells cultured on titanium. J Periodontol 2002; 73:852-60. [PMID: 12211493 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2002.73.8.852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The seal between an implant and the oral epithelium is an important factor for successful implant therapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the initial attachment and subsequent behavior of rat oral epithelial (OE) cells on pure titanium (Ti) used for dental implants. METHODS OE cells derived from 4-day-old rats were cultured on Ti, polystyrene culture dishes, and glass coverslips. The number of attached cells, cell areas, number of colonies, and proliferation rates were measured. Additionally, immunostaining of vinculin and laminin-5 (LN5) was performed, and LN5-immunoreactive areas were measured. RESULTS After 24 hours of culture, there were fewer cells attached to the Ti than to the polystyrene dishes or glass coverslips, and the area of cells was greater on the polystyrene than on the Ti or glass. OE cells reached their maximum proliferation rate after 48 hours of culture on the polystyrene and glass, and after 72 hours on Ti. LN5 was deposited behind cells as they migrated, and the LN5-immunoreactive area was smaller on Ti than on polystyrene after 96 hours of culture. CONCLUSIONS The initial attachment of OE cells to Ti was inferior to that on polystyrene or glass, and the OE cell migration area indicated by the deposition of LN5 was smaller on Ti than on the other materials. Therefore, this study suggests that further improvement of Ti surface properties is needed for rapid attachment and spreading of oral epithelium to dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Shiraiwa
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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