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Won KD, Gil Gonzalez L, Cruz-Leal Y, Pavon Oro A, Lazarus AH. Antagonism of the Platelet-Activating Factor Pathway Mitigates Inflammatory Adverse Events Driven by Anti-erythrocyte Antibody Therapy in Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:1531-1539. [PMID: 38506555 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by low platelet counts primarily due to antiplatelet autoantibodies. Anti-D is a donor-derived polyclonal Ab against the rhesus D Ag on erythrocytes used to treat ITP. Unfortunately, adverse inflammatory/hypersensitivity reactions and a Food and Drug Administration-issued black box warning have limited its clinical use. This underscores the imperative to understand the inflammatory pathway associated with anti-erythrocyte Ab-based therapies. TER119 is an erythrocyte-specific Ab with anti-D-like therapeutic activity in murine ITP, while also exhibiting a distinct inflammatory signature involving production of CCL2, CCL5, and CXCL9 but not IFN-γ. Therefore, TER119 has been used to elucidate the potential mechanism underlying the adverse inflammatory activity associated with anti-erythrocyte Ab therapy in murine ITP. Prior work has demonstrated that TER119 administration is associated with a dramatic decrease in body temperature and inflammatory cytokine/chemokine production. The work presented in the current study demonstrates that inhibiting the highly inflammatory platelet-activating factor (PAF) pathway with PAF receptor antagonists prevents TER119-driven changes in body temperature and inhibits the production of the CCL2, CCL5, and CXCL9 inflammatory cytokines in CD-1 mice. Phagocytic cells and a functional TER119 Fc region were found to be necessary for TER119-induced body temperature changes and increases in CXCL9 and CCL2. Taken together, this work reveals the novel requirement of the PAF pathway in causing adverse inflammatory activity associated with anti-erythrocyte Ab therapy in a murine model and provides a strategy of mitigating these potential reactions without altering therapeutic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Doyoon Won
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lazaro Gil Gonzalez
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yoelys Cruz-Leal
- Innovation and Portfolio Management, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alequis Pavon Oro
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alan H Lazarus
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Innovation and Portfolio Management, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Tsareva A, Shelyakin PV, Shagina IA, Myshkin MY, Merzlyak EM, Kriukova VV, Apt AS, Linge IA, Chudakov DM, Britanova OV. Aberrant adaptive immune response underlies genetic susceptibility to tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1380971. [PMID: 38799462 PMCID: PMC11116662 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains a major threat worldwide, although only a fraction of infected individuals develops tuberculosis (TB). TB susceptibility is shaped by multiple genetic factors, and we performed comparative immunological analysis of two mouse strains to uncover relevant mechanisms underlying susceptibility and resistance. C57BL/6 mice are relatively TB-resistant, whereas I/St mice are prone to develop severe TB, partly due to the MHC-II allelic variant that shapes suboptimal CD4+ T cell receptor repertoire. We investigated the repertoires of lung-infiltrating helper T cells and B cells at the progressed stage in both strains. We found that lung CD4+ T cell repertoires of infected C57BL/6 but not I/St mice contained convergent TCR clusters with functionally confirmed Mtb specificity. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a more prominent Th1 signature in C57BL/6, and expression of pro-inflammatory IL-16 in I/St lung-infiltrating helper T cells. The two strains also showed distinct Th2 signatures. Furthermore, the humoral response of I/St mice was delayed, less focused, and dominated by IgG/IgM isotypes, whereas C57BL/6 mice generated more Mtb antigen-focused IgA response. We conclude that the inability of I/St mice to produce a timely and efficient anti-Mtb adaptive immune responses arises from a suboptimal helper T cell landscape that also impacts the humoral response, leading to diffuse inflammation and severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Tsareva
- Precision Oncology Division, Boston Gene Laboratory, Waltham, MA, United States
| | - Pavel V. Shelyakin
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Abu Dhabi Stem Cells Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Irina A. Shagina
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Yu. Myshkin
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina M. Merzlyak
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valeriia V. Kriukova
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander S. Apt
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina A. Linge
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy M. Chudakov
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Abu Dhabi Stem Cells Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Olga V. Britanova
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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3
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Masuda MY, Pyon GC, Luo H, LeSuer WE, Putikova A, Dao A, Ortiz DR, Schulze AR, Fritz N, Kobayashi T, Iijima K, Klein-Szanto AJ, Shimonosono M, Flashner S, Morimoto M, Pai RK, Rank MA, Nakagawa H, Kita H, Wright BL, Doyle AD. Epithelial overexpression of IL-33 induces eosinophilic esophagitis dependent on IL-13. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1355-1368. [PMID: 38310974 PMCID: PMC11070306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an increasingly common inflammatory condition of the esophagus; however, the underlying immunologic mechanisms remain poorly understood. The epithelium-derived cytokine IL-33 is associated with type 2 immune responses and elevated in esophageal biopsy specimens from patients with EoE. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that overexpression of IL-33 by the esophageal epithelium would promote the immunopathology of EoE. METHODS We evaluated the functional consequences of esophageal epithelial overexpression of a secreted and active form of IL-33 in a novel transgenic mouse, EoE33. EoE33 mice were analyzed for clinical and immunologic phenotypes. Esophageal contractility was assessed. Epithelial cytokine responses were analyzed in three-dimensional organoids. EoE33 phenotypes were further characterized in ST2-/-, eosinophil-deficient, and IL-13-/- mice. Finally, EoE33 mice were treated with dexamethasone. RESULTS EoE33 mice displayed ST2-dependent, EoE-like pathology and failed to thrive. Esophageal tissue remodeling and inflammation included basal zone hyperplasia, eosinophilia, mast cells, and TH2 cells. Marked increases in levels of type 2 cytokines, including IL-13, and molecules associated with immune responses and tissue remodeling were observed. Esophageal organoids suggested reactive epithelial changes. Genetic deletion of IL-13 in EoE33 mice abrogated pathologic changes in vivo. EoE33 mice were responsive to steroids. CONCLUSIONS IL-33 overexpression by the esophageal epithelium generated immunopathology and clinical phenotypes resembling human EoE. IL-33 may play a pivotal role in the etiology of EoE by activating the IL-13 pathway. EoE33 mice are a robust experimental platform for mechanistic investigation and translational discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Y Masuda
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, and Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Grace C Pyon
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Huijun Luo
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - William E LeSuer
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Arina Putikova
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Adelyn Dao
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Danna R Ortiz
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Aliviya R Schulze
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Nicholas Fritz
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Ariz
| | - Takao Kobayashi
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Koji Iijima
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | | | - Masataka Shimonosono
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Samuel Flashner
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Masaki Morimoto
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Rish K Pai
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Matthew A Rank
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Hirohito Kita
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, and Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Benjamin L Wright
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz
| | - Alfred D Doyle
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz.
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Lasrado N, Collier ARY, Miller J, Hachmann NP, Liu J, Anand T, A. Bondzie E, Fisher JL, Mazurek CR, Patio RC, Rodrigues SL, Rowe M, Surve N, Ty DM, Wu C, Chicz TM, Tong X, Korber B, McNamara RP, Barouch DH. Waning immunity and IgG4 responses following bivalent mRNA boosting. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj9945. [PMID: 38394195 PMCID: PMC10889350 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj9945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines were highly effective against the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain, but the efficacy of bivalent mRNA boosters against XBB variants was substantially lower. Here, we show limited durability of neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses against XBB variants and isotype switching to immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) responses following bivalent mRNA boosting. Bivalent mRNA boosting elicited modest XBB.1-, XBB.1.5-, and XBB.1.16-specific NAbs that waned rapidly within 3 months. In contrast, bivalent mRNA boosting induced more robust and sustained NAbs against the ancestral WA1/2020 strain, suggesting immune imprinting. Following bivalent mRNA boosting, serum antibody responses were primarily IgG2 and IgG4 responses with poor Fc functional activity. In contrast, a third monovalent mRNA immunization boosted all isotypes including IgG1 and IgG3 with robust Fc functional activity. These data show substantial immune imprinting for the ancestral spike and isotype switching to IgG4 responses following bivalent mRNA boosting, with important implications for future booster designs and boosting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninaad Lasrado
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ai-ris Y. Collier
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Miller
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole P. Hachmann
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jinyan Liu
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Trisha Anand
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Esther A. Bondzie
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jana L. Fisher
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Camille R. Mazurek
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert C. Patio
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Marjorie Rowe
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nehalee Surve
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Darren M. Ty
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cindy Wu
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taras M. Chicz
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xin Tong
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bette Korber
- Los Alamos National Laboratory and New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | | | - Dan H. Barouch
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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5
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Mellors J, Carroll M. Direct enhancement of viral neutralising antibody potency by the complement system: a largely forgotten phenomenon. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:22. [PMID: 38200235 PMCID: PMC10781860 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Neutralisation assays are commonly used to assess vaccine-induced and naturally acquired immune responses; identify correlates of protection; and inform important decisions on the screening, development, and use of therapeutic antibodies. Neutralisation assays are useful tools that provide the gold standard for measuring the potency of neutralising antibodies, but they are not without limitations. Common methods such as the heat-inactivation of plasma samples prior to neutralisation assays, or the use of anticoagulants such as EDTA for blood collection, can inactivate the complement system. Even in non-heat-inactivated samples, the levels of complement activity can vary between samples. This can significantly impact the conclusions regarding neutralising antibody potency. Restoration of the complement system in these samples can be achieved using an exogenous source of plasma with preserved complement activity or with purified complement proteins. This can significantly enhance the neutralisation titres for some antibodies depending on characteristics such as antibody isotype and the epitope they bind, enable neutralisation with otherwise non-neutralising antibodies, and demonstrate a better relationship between in vitro and in vivo findings. In this review, we discuss the evidence for complement-mediated enhancement of antibody neutralisation against a range of viruses, explore the potential mechanisms which underpin this enhancement, highlight current gaps in the literature, and provide a brief summary of considerations for adopting this approach in future research applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Mellors
- Centre for Human Genetics and the Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Miles Carroll
- Centre for Human Genetics and the Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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6
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Zuurveld M, Diks MAP, Kiliaan PCJ, Garssen J, Folkerts G, van’t Land B, Willemsen LEM. Butyrate interacts with the effects of 2'FL and 3FL to modulate in vitro ovalbumin-induced immune activation, and 2'FL lowers mucosal mast cell activation in a preclinical model for hen's egg allergy. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1305833. [PMID: 38174112 PMCID: PMC10762782 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1305833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Early life provides a window of opportunity to prevent allergic diseases. With a prevalence of 0.5-2% in infants, hen's egg allergy is one of the most common food allergies. The immunomodulatory effects of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL), and 3-fucosyllactose (3FL) were studied in an in vitro mucosal immune model and an in vivo murine model for hen's egg (ovalbumin) allergy. Methods Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)/dendritic cell (DC) and DC/T cell cocultures were used to expose IECs to ovalbumin (OVA) in an in vitro mucosal immune model. The effects of epithelial pre-incubation with 0.1% 2'FL or 3FL and/or 0.5 mM butyrate were studied. Three- to four-weeks-old female C3H/HeOuJ mice were fed AIN93G diets containing 0.1-0.5% 2'FL or 3FL 2 weeks before and during OVA sensitization and challenge. Allergic symptoms and systemic and local immune parameters were assessed. Results Exposing IECs to butyrate in vitro left the IEC/DC/T cell cross-talk unaffected, while 2'FL and 3FL showed differential immunomodulatory effects. In 3FL exposed IEC-DC-T cells, the secretion of IFNγ and IL10 was enhanced. This was observed upon pre-incubation of IECs with 2'FL and butyrate as well, but not 2'FL alone. The presence of butyrate did not affect OVA activation, but when combined with 3FL, an increase in IL6 release from DCs was observed (p < 0.001). OVA allergic mice receiving 0.5% 3FL diet had a lower %Th2 cells in MLNs, but the humoral response was unaltered compared to control mice. OVA-allergic mice receiving 0.1 or 0.5% 2'FL diets had lower serum levels of OVA-IgG2a (p < 0.05) or the mast cell marker mMCP1, in association with increased concentration of cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (p < 0.05). Conclusion In vitro butyrate exposure promotes the development of a downstream type 1 and regulatory response observed after 2'FL exposure. 2'FL and 3FL differentially modulate ovalbumin-induced mucosal inflammation predominantly independent of butyrate. Mice receiving dietary 3FL during ovalbumin sensitization and challenge had lowered Th2 activation while the frequency of Treg cells was enhanced. By contrast, 2'FL improved the humoral immune response and suppressed mast cell activation in association with increased SCFAs production in the murine model for hen's egg allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Zuurveld
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - M. A. P. Diks
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - P. C. J. Kiliaan
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - J. Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Danone Nutricia Research B.V, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - G. Folkerts
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - B. van’t Land
- Danone Nutricia Research B.V, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - L. E. M. Willemsen
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Udoye CC, Ehlers M, Manz RA. The B Cell Response and Formation of Allergenic and Anti-Allergenic Antibodies in Food Allergy. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1501. [PMID: 38132327 PMCID: PMC10740584 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Food allergies are a growing public health concern worldwide, especially in children and young adults. Allergen-specific IgE plays a central role in the pathogenesis of food allergies, but their titers poorly correlate with allergy development. Host immune systems yield allergen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgE and IgG subclasses with low or high affinities and differential Fc N-glycosylation patterns that can affect the allergic reaction to food in multiple ways. High-affinity IgE is required to induce strong mast cell activation eventually leading to allergic anaphylaxis, while low-affinity IgE can even inhibit the development of clinically relevant allergic symptoms. IgA and IgG antibodies can inhibit IgE-mediated mast cell activation through various mechanisms, thereby protecting IgE-positive individuals from allergy development. The production of IgE and IgG with differential allergenic potential seems to be affected by the signaling strength of individual B cell receptors, and by cytokines from T cells. This review provides an overview of the diversity of the B cell response and the diverse roles of antibodies in food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C. Udoye
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marc Ehlers
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rudolf A. Manz
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
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8
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Li LL, Luan ZQ, Tan Y, Wang H, Yu XJ, Qu Z, Yu F, Chen M. Anti-complement factor H (CFH) autoantibodies could delay pristane-induced lupus nephritis. Immunol Res 2023; 71:849-859. [PMID: 37322353 PMCID: PMC10667379 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-023-09396-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anti-complement factor H (CFH) autoantibodies could be detected in lupus and its significance remained to be elucidated. Herein, we aimed to explore the roles of anti-CFH autoantibodies based on pristane-induced lupus mice. METHODS Twenty-four female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups, with one group injected with pristane (pristane group), one group with pristane and then human CFH (hCFH) (pristane-CFH group) 3 times, and the other two as vertical controls, PBS group and PBS-CFH group. Histopathological analysis was performed six months after pristane administration. Levels of hCFH, anti-CFH autoantibodies and anti-dsDNA antibody were detected. Murine IgG (mIgG) were purified and cross-reactivity, epitopes, subclasses and functional analysis were further evaluated in vitro. RESULTS Immunization with hCFH and subsequent development of anti-CFH autoantibodies significantly attenuated nephritis of pristane-induced lupus, including lower levels of urinary protein and serum creatinine, decreased levels of serum anti-dsDNA antibody, greatly ameliorated renal histopathologic damage, decreased IgG, complements (C1q, C3) deposits and lower inflammatory factor (IL-6) expression in glomerulus. Furthermore, the purified mIgG (contained anti-CFH autoantibodies) could recognize both hCFH and murine CFH, and the epitopes were predominantly located in hCFH short consensus repeats (SCRs) 1-4, 7 and 11-14. The IgG subclasses were predominant IgG1. The autoantibodies could enhance the binding between hCFH and C3b, and increase factor I mediated-C3b lysis in vitro. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that anti-CFH autoantibodies could attenuate pristane-induced lupus nephritis by increasing bio-functions of CFH on regulating complement activation and controlling inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Li
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Renal Division, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Luan
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang, University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Tan
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Pathological Centre, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Yu
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Qu
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Min Chen
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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9
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Smith AJ, Thurman RE, Zeng W, Grogan B, Lucas S, Gutierrez G, Heiser RA, Wo SW, Blackmarr A, Peterson S, Gardai SJ. Nonfucosylation of an anti-TIGIT antibody enhances FcγR engagement, driving innate immune activation and antitumor activity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1280986. [PMID: 38022590 PMCID: PMC10654636 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1280986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
TIGIT is an immune checkpoint receptor expressed on activated and memory T cells, immunosuppressive T regulatory cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. TIGIT has emerged as an attractive target for antitumor therapies, due to its proposed immunosuppressive effects on lymphocyte function and T cell activation. We generated an anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody (mAb) that binds with high affinity to human, non-human primate, and murine TIGIT and through multiple experimental methodologies demonstrated that checkpoint blockade alone is insufficient for antitumor activity. Generating anti-TIGIT mAbs with various Fc backbones we show that muting the Fc-Fcγ receptor (FcγR) interaction failed to drive antitumor activity, while mAbs with Fc functional backbones demonstrate substantial antitumor activity, mediated through activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), T cell priming, and NK-mediated depletion of suppressive Tregs and exhausted T cells. Further, nonfucosylation of the Fc backbone resulted in enhanced immune responses and antitumor activity relative to the intact IgG1 backbone. The improved activity correlated with the biased FcγR interaction profile of the nonfucosylated anti-TIGIT mAb, which supports that FcγRIIIa binding with decreased FcγRIIb binding favorably activates APCs and enhances tumor-specific CD8+ T cell responses. The anti-TIGIT mAbs with intact FcγR interacting backbones also demonstrated synergistic enhancement of other standard antitumor treatments, including anti-PD-1 treatment and a model monomethyl auristatin E antibody-drug conjugate. These findings highlight the importance of the anti-TIGIT mAb's Fc backbone to its antitumor activity and the extent to which this activity can be enhanced through nonfucosylation of the backbone.
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10
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Capolla S, Colombo F, De Maso L, Mauro P, Bertoncin P, Kähne T, Engler A, Núñez L, Spretz R, Larsen G, Dal Bo M, Toffoli G, Macor P. Surface antibody changes protein corona both in human and mouse serum but not final opsonization and elimination of targeted polymeric nanoparticles. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:376. [PMID: 37838659 PMCID: PMC10576379 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoparticles represent one of the most important innovations in the medical field. Among nanocarriers, polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) attracted much attention due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and capacity to increase efficacy and safety of encapsulated drugs. Another important improvement in the use of nanoparticles as delivery systems is the conjugation of a targeting agent that enables the nanoparticles to accumulate in a specific tissue. Despite these advantages, the clinical translation of therapeutic approaches based on nanoparticles is prevented by their interactions with blood proteins. In fact, the so-formed protein corona (PC) drastically alters the biological identity of the particles. Adsorbed activated proteins of the complement cascade play a pivotal role in the clearance of nanoparticles, making them more easily recognized by macrophages, leading to their rapid elimination from the bloodstream and limiting their efficacy. Since the mouse is the most used preclinical model for human disease, this work compared human and mouse PC formed on untargeted PNPs (uPNPs) and targeted PNPs (tPNPs), paying particular attention to complement activation. RESULTS Mouse and human serum proteins adsorbed differently to PNPs. The differences in the binding of mouse complement proteins are minimal, whereas human complement components strongly distinguish the two particles. This is probably due to the human origin of the Fc portion of the antibody used as targeting agent on tPNPs. tPNPs and uPNPs mainly activate complement via the classical and alternative pathways, respectively, but this pattern did not affect their binding and internalization in macrophages and only a limited consumption of the activity of the human complement system was documented. CONCLUSIONS The results clearly indicate the presence of complement proteins on PNPs surface but partially derived from an unspecific deposition rather than an effective complement activation. The presence of a targeting antibody favors the activation of the classical pathway, but its absence allows an increased activation of the alternative pathway. This results in similar opsonization of both PNPs and similar phagocytosis by macrophages, without an impairment of the activity of circulating complement system and, consequently, not enhancing the susceptibility to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Capolla
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Aviano, 33081, Italy
| | - Federico Colombo
- Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials (IMSEAM), Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri n. 5, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Luca De Maso
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri n. 5, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Prisca Mauro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri n. 5, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Paolo Bertoncin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri n. 5, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Thilo Kähne
- Institute of Exptl. Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
| | - Alexander Engler
- Institute of Exptl. Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
| | - Luis Núñez
- BioTarget Inc, Chicago, IL, USA
- Natural Science Department, Concordia University, 7400 Augusta St, River Forest, IL, 60305, USA
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Ruben Spretz
- BioTarget Inc, Chicago, IL, USA
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Gustavo Larsen
- BioTarget Inc, Chicago, IL, USA
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Michele Dal Bo
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Aviano, 33081, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Aviano, 33081, Italy
| | - Paolo Macor
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri n. 5, Trieste, 34127, Italy.
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11
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Oh S, Mao X, Manfredo-Vieira S, Lee J, Patel D, Choi EJ, Alvarado A, Cottman-Thomas E, Maseda D, Tsao PY, Ellebrecht CT, Khella SL, Richman DP, O'Connor KC, Herzberg U, Binder GK, Milone MC, Basu S, Payne AS. Precision targeting of autoantigen-specific B cells in muscle-specific tyrosine kinase myasthenia gravis with chimeric autoantibody receptor T cells. Nat Biotechnol 2023; 41:1229-1238. [PMID: 36658341 PMCID: PMC10354218 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01637-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Muscle-specific tyrosine kinase myasthenia gravis (MuSK MG) is an autoimmune disease that causes life-threatening muscle weakness due to anti-MuSK autoantibodies that disrupt neuromuscular junction signaling. To avoid chronic immunosuppression from current therapies, we engineered T cells to express a MuSK chimeric autoantibody receptor with CD137-CD3ζ signaling domains (MuSK-CAART) for precision targeting of B cells expressing anti-MuSK autoantibodies. MuSK-CAART demonstrated similar efficacy as anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells for depletion of anti-MuSK B cells and retained cytolytic activity in the presence of soluble anti-MuSK antibodies. In an experimental autoimmune MG mouse model, MuSK-CAART reduced anti-MuSK IgG without decreasing B cells or total IgG levels, reflecting MuSK-specific B cell depletion. Specific off-target interactions of MuSK-CAART were not identified in vivo, in primary human cell screens or by high-throughput human membrane proteome array. These data contributed to an investigational new drug application and phase 1 clinical study design for MuSK-CAART for the treatment of MuSK autoantibody-positive MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangwook Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xuming Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Silvio Manfredo-Vieira
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Eun Jung Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Damian Maseda
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patricia Y Tsao
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christoph T Ellebrecht
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sami L Khella
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David P Richman
- Department of Neurology, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kevin C O'Connor
- Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Michael C Milone
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Aimee S Payne
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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12
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Gupta P, Hu Z, Kopparapu PK, Deshmukh M, Sághy T, Mohammad M, Jin T, Engdahl C. The impact of TLR2 and aging on the humoral immune response to Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8850. [PMID: 37258615 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35970-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging alters immunoglobulin production, affecting the humoral immune response. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) recognizes Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) which causes bacteremia with high mortality in the elderly. To understand how TLR2 and aging affect the humoral immune response in bacteremia, four groups of mice (wild type-young, wild type-old, TLR2-/--young, and TLR2-/--old) were used to analyze immunoglobulin levels in healthy conditions as well as 10 days after intravenous injection with S. aureus. We found that aging increased the levels of both IgM and IgG. Increased IgG in aged mice was controlled by TLR2. In bacteremia infection, aged mice failed to mount proper IgM response in both wild-type (WT) and TLR2-/- mice, whereas IgG response was impaired in both aged and TLR2-/- mice. Aged mice displayed reduced IgG1 and IgG2a response irrespective of TLR2 expression. However, impaired IgG2b response was only found in aged WT mice and not in TLR2-/- mice. Both aging and TLR2-/- increased the levels of anti-staphylococcal IgM in bacteremia. Aging increased sialylated IgG in WT mice but not in TLR2-/- mice. IgG sialylation was not affected by the infection in neither of the mice. In summary, aging increases all immunoglobulins except IgG1. However, aged mice fail to mount a proper antibody response to S. aureus bacteremia. TLR2 plays the regulatory role in IgG but not IgM response to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Gupta
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box- 480, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Center, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, Box 413, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box- 480, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Pradeep Kumar Kopparapu
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box- 480, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Meghshree Deshmukh
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box- 480, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tibor Sághy
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box- 480, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Center, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, Box 413, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Majd Mohammad
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box- 480, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box- 480, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Engdahl
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box- 480, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Center, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, Box 413, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Gon Y, Kandou T, Tsuruyama T, Iwasaki T, Kitagori K, Murakami K, Nakashima R, Akizuki S, Morinobu A, Hikida M, Mimori T, Yoshifuji H. Increased number of T cells and exacerbated inflammatory pathophysiology in a human IgG4 knock-in MRL/lpr mouse model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279389. [PMID: 36763580 PMCID: PMC9916631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 is an IgG subclass that can exhibit inhibitory functions under certain conditions because of its capacity to carry out Fab-arm exchange, inability to form immune complexes, and lack of antibody-dependent and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Although several diseases have been associated with IgG4, its role in the disease pathogeneses remains unclear. Since mice do not express an IgG subclass that is identical to the human IgG4 (hIgG4), we generated hIGHG4 knock-in (KI) mice and analyzed their phenotypes. To preserve the rearrangement of the variable, diversity, and joining regions in the IGH gene, we transfected a constant region of the hIGHG4 gene into C57BL/6NCrSlc mice by using a gene targeting method. Although the mRNA expression of hIGHG4 was detected in the murine spleen, the serum level of the hIgG4 protein was low in C57BL/6-IgG4KI mice. To enhance the production of IgG4, we established an MRL/lpr-IgG4KI mice model by backcrossing. These mice showed a high IgG4 concentration in the sera and increased populations of IgG4-positive plasma cells and CD3+B220+CD138+ T cells in the spleen. Moreover, these mice showed aggravated inflammation in organs, such as the salivary glands and stomach. The MRL/lpr-IgG4KI mouse model established in the present study might be useful for studying IgG4-related disease, IgG4-type antibody-related diseases, and allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshie Gon
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsugumitsu Kandou
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Tsuruyama
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Pathology Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwasaki
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Kitagori
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kosaku Murakami
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ran Nakashima
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuji Akizuki
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akio Morinobu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Hikida
- Faculty of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Tsuneyo Mimori
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Ijinkai Takeda General Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hajime Yoshifuji
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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14
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Buhre JS, Pongracz T, Künsting I, Lixenfeld AS, Wang W, Nouta J, Lehrian S, Schmelter F, Lunding HB, Dühring L, Kern C, Petry J, Martin EL, Föh B, Steinhaus M, von Kopylow V, Sina C, Graf T, Rahmöller J, Wuhrer M, Ehlers M. mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 induce comparably low long-term IgG Fc galactosylation and sialylation levels but increasing long-term IgG4 responses compared to an adenovirus-based vaccine. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1020844. [PMID: 36713457 PMCID: PMC9877300 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1020844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The new types of mRNA-containing lipid nanoparticle vaccines BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 and the adenovirus-based vaccine AZD1222 were developed against SARS-CoV-2 and code for its spike (S) protein. Several studies have investigated short-term antibody (Ab) responses after vaccination. Objective However, the impact of these new vaccine formats with unclear effects on the long-term Ab response - including isotype, subclass, and their type of Fc glycosylation - is less explored. Methods Here, we analyzed anti-S Ab responses in blood serum and the saliva of SARS-CoV-2 naïve and non-hospitalized pre-infected subjects upon two vaccinations with different mRNA- and adenovirus-based vaccine combinations up to day 270. Results We show that the initially high mRNA vaccine-induced blood and salivary anti-S IgG levels, particularly IgG1, markedly decrease over time and approach the lower levels induced with the adenovirus-based vaccine. All three vaccines induced, contrary to the short-term anti-S IgG1 response with high sialylation and galactosylation levels, a long-term anti-S IgG1 response that was characterized by low sialylation and galactosylation with the latter being even below the corresponding total IgG1 galactosylation level. Instead, the mRNA, but not the adenovirus-based vaccines induced long-term IgG4 responses - the IgG subclass with inhibitory effector functions. Furthermore, salivary anti-S IgA levels were lower and decreased faster in naïve as compared to pre-infected vaccinees. Predictively, age correlated with lower long-term anti-S IgG titers for the mRNA vaccines. Furthermore, higher total IgG1 galactosylation, sialylation, and bisection levels correlated with higher long-term anti-S IgG1 sialylation, galactosylation, and bisection levels, respectively, for all vaccine combinations. Conclusion In summary, the study suggests a comparable "adjuvant" potential of the newly developed vaccines on the anti-S IgG Fc glycosylation, as reflected in relatively low long-term anti-S IgG1 galactosylation levels generated by the long-lived plasma cell pool, whose induction might be driven by a recently described TH1-driven B cell response for all three vaccines. Instead, repeated immunization of naïve individuals with the mRNA vaccines increased the proportion of the IgG4 subclass over time which might influence the long-term Ab effector functions. Taken together, these data shed light on these novel vaccine formats and might have potential implications for their long-term efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Sophia Buhre
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tamas Pongracz
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Inga Künsting
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anne S. Lixenfeld
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jan Nouta
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Selina Lehrian
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmelter
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hanna B. Lunding
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lara Dühring
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Carsten Kern
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Janina Petry
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Emily L. Martin
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Bandik Föh
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Moritz Steinhaus
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Vera von Kopylow
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tobias Graf
- Medical Department 2, University Heart Center of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Johann Rahmöller
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Manfred Wuhrer, ; Marc Ehlers,
| | - Marc Ehlers
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), University of Lübeck, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Lübeck, Germany,*Correspondence: Manfred Wuhrer, ; Marc Ehlers,
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15
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Oskam N, Damelang T, Streutker M, Ooijevaar-de Heer P, Nouta J, Koeleman C, Van Coillie J, Wuhrer M, Vidarsson G, Rispens T. Factors affecting IgG4-mediated complement activation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1087532. [PMID: 36776883 PMCID: PMC9910309 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1087532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Of the four human immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses, IgG4 is considered the least inflammatory, in part because it poorly activates the complement system. Regardless, in IgG4 related disease (IgG4-RD) and in autoimmune disorders with high levels of IgG4 autoantibodies, the presence of these antibodies has been linked to consumption and deposition of complement components. This apparent paradox suggests that conditions may exist, potentially reminiscent of in vivo deposits, that allow for complement activation by IgG4. Furthermore, it is currently unclear how variable glycosylation and Fab arm exchange may influence the ability of IgG4 to activate complement. Here, we used well-defined, glyco-engineered monoclonal preparations of IgG4 and determined their ability to activate complement in a controlled system. We show that IgG4 can activate complement only at high antigen and antibody concentrations, via the classical pathway. Moreover, elevated or reduced Fc galactosylation enhanced or diminished complement activation, respectively, with no apparent contribution from the lectin pathway. Fab glycans slightly reduced complement activation. Lastly, we show that bispecific, monovalent IgG4 resulting from Fab arm exchange is a less potent activator of complement than monospecific IgG4. Taken together, these results imply that involvement of IgG4-mediated complement activation in pathology is possible but unlikely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke Oskam
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Immunopathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Timon Damelang
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Immunopathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Immunohematology Experimental, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marij Streutker
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Immunopathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pleuni Ooijevaar-de Heer
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Immunopathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan Nouta
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Carolien Koeleman
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Julie Van Coillie
- Department of Immunohematology Experimental, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Gestur Vidarsson
- Department of Immunohematology Experimental, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Theo Rispens
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Immunopathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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16
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Blanc P, Liu Y, Reveneau N, Cavell B, Gorringe A, Renauld-Mongénie G. The role of bactericidal and opsonic activity in immunity against Bordetella pertussis. Expert Rev Vaccines 2022; 21:1727-1738. [PMID: 36369768 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2137145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pertussis vaccines have drastically reduced the disease burden in humans since their implementation. Despite their success, pertussis remains an important global public health challenge. Bordetella pertussis resurgence could be a result of greater surveillance combined with improved diagnosis methods, changes in Bordetella pertussis biology, vaccine schedules, and/or coverage. Additionally, mechanisms of protection conferred by acellular pertussis (aP) and whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines differ qualitatively. There are no clear immune correlates of protection for pertussis vaccines. Pertussis antigens can induce toxin neutralizing antibodies, block adherence or engage complement mediated phagocytic/bactericidal killing. AREAS COVERED We reviewed the existing evidence on antibody-mediated serum bactericidal and opsonophagocytic activity and discussed the relevance of these functional antibodies in the development of next-generation pertussis vaccines. EXPERT OPINION Current paradigm proposes that wP vaccines may confer greater herd protection than aP vaccines due to their enhanced clearance of bacteria from the nasopharynx in animal models. Functional antibodies may contribute to the reduction of nasal colonization, which differentiates aP and wP vaccines. Understanding the intrinsic differences in protective immune responses elicited by each class of vaccines will help to identify biomarkers that can be used as immunological end points in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Blanc
- Research & Development, Sanofi, Marcy l'Etoile, France
| | - Yuanqing Liu
- Research & Development, Sanofi, Marcy l'Etoile, France
| | | | - Breeze Cavell
- Department of Research and Evaluation, United Kingdom (UK) Health Security Agency, Salisbury, UK
| | - Andrew Gorringe
- Department of Research and Evaluation, United Kingdom (UK) Health Security Agency, Salisbury, UK
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17
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Föh B, Buhre JS, Sina C, Ehlers M. Influence of nutrients and metabolites on the differentiation of plasma cells and implications for autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1004644. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1004644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The modulation of inflammatory (auto)immune reactions by nutrients and gut bacterial metabolites is of great interest for potential preventive and therapeutic strategies. B cell-derived plasma cells are major players in inflammatory (auto)immune responses and can exhibit pro- or anti-inflammatory effects through (auto)antibody-dependent and -independent functions. Emerging evidence indicates a key role of nutrients and microbial metabolites in regulating the differentiation of plasma cells as well as their differentiation to pro- or anti-inflammatory phenotypes. These effects might be mediated indirectly by influencing other immune cells or directly through B cell-intrinsic mechanisms. Here, we provide an overview of nutrients and metabolites that influence B cell-intrinsic signaling pathways regulating B cell activation, plasma cell differentiation, and effector functions. Furthermore, we outline important inflammatory plasma cell phenotypes whose differentiation could be targeted by nutrients and microbial metabolites. Finally, we discuss possible implications for inflammatory (auto)immune conditions.
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18
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Buhre JS, Becker M, Ehlers M. IgG subclass and Fc glycosylation shifts are linked to the transition from pre- to inflammatory autoimmune conditions. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1006939. [PMID: 36405742 PMCID: PMC9669588 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1006939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A crucial factor for the development of inflammatory autoimmune diseases is the occurrence of antibodies directed against self-tissues and structures, which leads to damage and inflammation. While little is known about the cause of the development of mis-directed, disease-specific T and B cells and resulting IgG autoantibody responses, there is increasing evidence that their induction can occur years before disease symptoms appear. However, a certain proportion of healthy individuals express specific IgG autoantibodies without disease symptoms and not all subjects who generate autoantibodies may develop disease symptoms. Thus, the development of inflammatory autoimmune diseases seems to involve two steps. Increasing evidence suggests that harmless self-directed T and B cell and resulting IgG autoantibody responses in the pre-autoimmune disease stage might switch to more inflammatory T and B cell and IgG autoantibody responses that trigger the inflammatory autoimmune disease stage. Here, we summarize findings on the transition from the pre-disease to the disease stage and vice versa, e.g. by pregnancy and treatment, with a focus on low-/anti-inflammatory versus pro-inflammatory IgG autoantibody responses, including IgG subclass and Fc glycosylation features. Characterization of biomarkers that identify the transition from the pre-disease to the disease stage might facilitate recognition of the ideal time point of treatment initiation and the development of therapeutic strategies for re-directing inflammatory autoimmune conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Sophia Buhre
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mareike Becker
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venereology, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marc Ehlers
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- *Correspondence: Marc Ehlers,
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19
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Comprehensive overview of autoantibody isotype and subclass distribution. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:999-1010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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20
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Prevention and Therapy of Metastatic HER-2 + Mammary Carcinoma with a Human Candidate HER-2 Virus-like Particle Vaccine. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102654. [PMID: 36289916 PMCID: PMC9599132 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines are a promising therapeutic alternative to monoclonal antibodies against HER-2+ breast cancer. We present the preclinical activity of an ES2B-C001, a VLP-based vaccine being developed for human breast cancer therapy. FVB mice challenged with HER-2+ mammary carcinoma cells QD developed progressive tumors, whereas all mice vaccinated with ES2B-C001+Montanide ISA 51, and 70% of mice vaccinated without adjuvant, remained tumor-free. ES2B-C001 completely inhibited lung metastases in mice challenged intravenously. HER-2 transgenic Delta16 mice developed mammary carcinomas by 4−8 months of age; two administrations of ES2B-C001+Montanide prevented tumor onset for >1 year. Young Delta16 mice challenged intravenously with QD cells developed a mean of 68 lung nodules in 13 weeks, whereas all mice vaccinated with ES2B-C001+Montanide, and 73% of mice vaccinated without adjuvant, remained metastasis-free. ES2B-C001 in adjuvant elicited strong anti-HER-2 antibody responses comprising all Ig isotypes; titers ranging from 1−10 mg/mL persisted for many months. Antibodies inhibited the 3D growth of human HER-2+ trastuzumab-sensitive and -resistant breast cancer cells. Vaccination did not induce cytokine storms; however, it increased the ELISpot frequency of IFN-γ secreting HER-2-specific splenocytes. ES2B-C001 is a promising candidate vaccine for the therapy of tumors expressing HER-2. Preclinical results warrant further development towards human clinical studies.
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21
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Dong Z, Geng Y, Zhang P, Tang J, Cao Z, Zheng H, Guo J, Zhang C, Liu B, Liu WJ. Identification of molecular mechanism and key biomarkers in membranous nephropathy by bioinformatics analysis. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:5833-5847. [PMID: 36105034 PMCID: PMC9452341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune nephropathy. The incidence of MN is increasing gradually in recent years. Previous studies focused on antibody production, complement activation and podocyte injury in MN. However, the etiology and underlying mechanism of MN remain to be further studied. METHODS GSE104948 and GSE108109 of glomerular expression profile were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, GSE47184, GSE99325, GSE104954, GSE108112, GSE133288 of renal tubule expression profile, and GSE73953 of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) expression profile. After data integration by Networkanalyst, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between MN and healthy samples were obtained. DEGs were enriched in gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of these genes were constructed through Metascape, etc. We further understood the function of hub genes through gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The diagnostic value of DEGs in MN was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS A total of 3 genes (TP53, HDAC5, and SLC2A3) were screened out. Among them, the up-regulated TP53 expression may be closely related to MN renal pathological changes. However, the expression of MN podocyte target antigen was not significantly different from that of healthy controls. In addition, the changes of Wnt signaling pathway in PBMCs and the effects of SLC2A3 on the differentiation of M2 monocyte need further study. CONCLUSION It is difficult to unify a specific mechanism for the changes of glomerulus, renal tubules and PBMCs in MN patients. This may be related to the pathogenesis, pathology and immune characteristics of MN. MN podocyte target antigen may not be the root cause of the disease, but a stage result in the pathogenesis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaocheng Dong
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Yunling Geng
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Pingna Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Jingyi Tang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Zijing Cao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Huijuan Zheng
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Baoli Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Wei Jing Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
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22
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Yang X, Zhang X, Zhao X, Yuan M, Zhang K, Dai J, Guan X, Qiu HJ, Li Y. Antibody-Dependent Enhancement: ″Evil″ Antibodies Favorable for Viral Infections. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081739. [PMID: 36016361 PMCID: PMC9412366 DOI: 10.3390/v14081739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemics caused by emerging viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 result in severe disruptions to public health. Vaccines and antibody drugs play essential roles in the control and prevention of emerging infectious diseases. However, in contrast with the neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), sub- or non-NAbs may facilitate the virus to enter the cells and enhance viral infection, which is termed antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). The ADE of most virus infections is mediated by the Fc receptors (FcRs) expressed on the myeloid cells, while others are developed by other mechanisms, such as complement receptor-mediated ADE. In this review, we comprehensively analyzed the characteristics of the viruses inducing FcRs-mediated ADE and the new molecular mechanisms of ADE involved in the virus entry, immune response, and transcription modulation, which will provide insights into viral pathogenicity and the development of safer vaccines and effective antibody drugs against the emerging viruses inducing ADE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Animal Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Mengqi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China
| | - Kehui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China
| | - Jingwen Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China
| | - Xiangyu Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China
| | - Hua-Ji Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China
- College of Animal Science and Animal Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
- Correspondence: (H.-J.Q.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China
- Correspondence: (H.-J.Q.); (Y.L.)
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23
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Heine S, Aguilar-Pimentel A, Russkamp D, Alessandrini F, Gailus-Durner V, Fuchs H, Ollert M, Bredehorst R, Ohnmacht C, Zissler UM, Hrabě de Angelis M, Schmidt-Weber CB, Blank S. Thermosensitive PLGA–PEG–PLGA Hydrogel as Depot Matrix for Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081527. [PMID: 35893787 PMCID: PMC9329805 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only currently available curative treatment option for allergic diseases. AIT often includes depot-forming and immunostimulatory adjuvants, to prolong allergen presentation and to improve therapeutic efficacy. The use of aluminium salts in AIT, which are commonly used as depot-forming adjuvants, is controversially discussed, due to health concerns and Th2-promoting activity. Therefore, there is the need for novel delivery systems in AIT with similar therapeutic efficacy compared to classical AIT strategies. In this study, a triblock copolymer (hydrogel) was assessed as a delivery system for AIT in a murine model of allergic asthma. We show that the hydrogel combines the advantages of both depot function and biodegradability at the same time. We further demonstrate the suitability of hydrogel to release different bioactive compounds in vitro and in vivo. AIT delivered with hydrogel reduces key parameters of allergic inflammation, such as inflammatory cell infiltration, mucus hypersecretion, and allergen-specific IgE, in a comparable manner to standard AIT treatment. Additionally, hydrogel-based AIT is superior in inducing allergen-specific IgG antibodies with potentially protective functions. Taken together, hydrogel represents a promising delivery system for AIT that is able to combine therapeutic allergen administration with the prolonged release of immunomodulators at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Heine
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich, Germany; (S.H.); (D.R.); (F.A.); (C.O.); (U.M.Z.); (C.B.S.-W.)
| | - Antonio Aguilar-Pimentel
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (A.A.-P.); (V.G.-D.); (H.F.); (M.H.d.A.)
| | - Dennis Russkamp
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich, Germany; (S.H.); (D.R.); (F.A.); (C.O.); (U.M.Z.); (C.B.S.-W.)
| | - Francesca Alessandrini
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich, Germany; (S.H.); (D.R.); (F.A.); (C.O.); (U.M.Z.); (C.B.S.-W.)
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (A.A.-P.); (V.G.-D.); (H.F.); (M.H.d.A.)
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (A.A.-P.); (V.G.-D.); (H.F.); (M.H.d.A.)
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 4354 Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Reinhard Bredehorst
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Caspar Ohnmacht
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich, Germany; (S.H.); (D.R.); (F.A.); (C.O.); (U.M.Z.); (C.B.S.-W.)
| | - Ulrich M. Zissler
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich, Germany; (S.H.); (D.R.); (F.A.); (C.O.); (U.M.Z.); (C.B.S.-W.)
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (A.A.-P.); (V.G.-D.); (H.F.); (M.H.d.A.)
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carsten B. Schmidt-Weber
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich, Germany; (S.H.); (D.R.); (F.A.); (C.O.); (U.M.Z.); (C.B.S.-W.)
| | - Simon Blank
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich, Germany; (S.H.); (D.R.); (F.A.); (C.O.); (U.M.Z.); (C.B.S.-W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-318-726-25
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24
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Oostindie SC, Lazar GA, Schuurman J, Parren PWHI. Avidity in antibody effector functions and biotherapeutic drug design. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 21:715-735. [PMID: 35790857 PMCID: PMC9255845 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00501-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies are the cardinal effector molecules of the immune system and are being leveraged with enormous success as biotherapeutic drugs. A key part of the adaptive immune response is the production of an epitope-diverse, polyclonal antibody mixture that is capable of neutralizing invading pathogens or disease-causing molecules through binding interference and by mediating humoral and cellular effector functions. Avidity - the accumulated binding strength derived from the affinities of multiple individual non-covalent interactions - is fundamental to virtually all aspects of antibody biology, including antibody-antigen binding, clonal selection and effector functions. The manipulation of antibody avidity has since emerged as an important design principle for enhancing or engineering novel properties in antibody biotherapeutics. In this Review, we describe the multiple levels of avidity interactions that trigger the overall efficacy and control of functional responses in both natural antibody biology and their therapeutic applications. Within this framework, we comprehensively review therapeutic antibody mechanisms of action, with particular emphasis on engineered optimizations and platforms. Overall, we describe how affinity and avidity tuning of engineered antibody formats are enabling a new wave of differentiated antibody drugs with tailored properties and novel functions, promising improved treatment options for a wide variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone C Oostindie
- Genmab, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Greg A Lazar
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Paul W H I Parren
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands. .,Sparring Bioconsult, Odijk, Netherlands. .,Lava Therapeutics, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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25
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Functional IKK/NF-κB signaling in pancreatic stellate cells is essential to prevent autoimmune pancreatitis. Commun Biol 2022; 5:509. [PMID: 35624133 PMCID: PMC9142538 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03371-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are resident cells in the exocrine pancreas which contribute to pancreatic fibrogenesis and inflammation. Studies on NF-κB in pancreatitis so far focused mainly on the parenchymal and myeloid compartments. Here we show a protective immunomodulatory function of NF-κB in PSCs. Conditional deletion of NEMO (IKKγ) in PSCs leads to spontaneous pancreatitis with elevated circulating IgM, IgG and antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) within 18 weeks. When further challenged with caerulein, NEMOΔCol1a2 mice show an exacerbated autoimmune phenotype characterized by increased infiltration of eosinophils, B and T lymphocytes with reduced latency period. Transcriptomic profiling shows that NEMOΔCol1a2 mice display molecular signatures resembling autoimmune pancreatitis patients. Mechanistically, we show that PSCΔNEMO cells produce high levels of CCL24 ex vivo which contributes to eosinophil recruitment, as neutralization with a CCL24 antibody abolishes the transwell migration of eosinophils. Our findings uncover an unexpected immunomodulatory role specifically of NF-κB in PSCs during pancreatitis. A model of autoimmune pancreatitis is developed by blocking the activation of NF-κB in pancreatic stellate cells, via conditional deletion of NEMO (IKKγ), which presents strong pancreatic inflammation with eosinophilia after the induction of chronic pancreatitis by repeated caerulein challenges.
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26
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Mellors J, Tipton T, Fehling SK, Akoi Bore J, Koundouno FR, Hall Y, Hudson J, Alexander F, Longet S, Taylor S, Gorringe A, Magassouba N, Konde MK, Hiscox J, Strecker T, Carroll M. Complement-Mediated Neutralisation Identified in Ebola Virus Disease Survivor Plasma: Implications for Protection and Pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:857481. [PMID: 35493467 PMCID: PMC9039621 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.857481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2013-2016 Ebola virus (EBOV) epidemic in West Africa was unprecedented in case numbers and fatalities, and sporadic outbreaks continue to arise. Antibodies to the EBOV glycoprotein (GP) are strongly associated with survival and their use in immunotherapy is often initially based on their performance in neutralisation assays. Other immune effector functions also contribute to EBOV protection but are more complex to measure. Their interactions with the complement system in particular are comparatively under-researched and commonly excluded from cellular immunoassays. Using EBOV convalescent plasma samples from the 2013-2016 epidemic, we investigated antibody and complement-mediated neutralisation and how these interactions can influence immunity in response to EBOV-GP and its secreted form (EBOV-sGP). We defined two cohorts: one with low-neutralising titres in relation to EBOV-GP IgG titres (LN cohort) and the other with a direct linear relationship between neutralisation and EBOV-GP IgG titres (N cohort). Using flow cytometry antibody-dependent complement deposition (ADCD) assays, we found that the LN cohort was equally efficient at mediating ADCD in response to the EBOV-GP but was significantly lower in response to the EBOV-sGP, compared to the N cohort. Using wild-type EBOV neutralisation assays with a cohort of the LN plasma, we observed a significant increase in neutralisation associated with the addition of pooled human plasma as a source of complement. Flow cytometry ADCD was also applied using the GP of the highly virulent Sudan virus (SUDV) of the Sudan ebolavirus species. There are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics against SUDV and it overlaps in endemicity with EBOV. We found that the LN plasma was significantly less efficient at cross-reacting and mediating ADCD. Overall, we found a differential response in ADCD between LN and N plasma in response to various Ebolavirus glycoproteins, and that these interactions could significantly improve EBOV neutralisation for selected LN plasma samples. Preservation of the complement system in immunoassays could augment our understanding of neutralisation and thus protection against infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Mellors
- Department of Research and Evaluation, United Kingdom (UK) Health Security Agency, Salisbury, United Kingdom.,Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics and the Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Tipton
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics and the Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joseph Akoi Bore
- Center for Training and Research on Priority Diseases including Malaria in Guinea, Conakry, Guinea.,Department of Research, Ministry of Health Guinea, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Fara Raymond Koundouno
- Department of Research, Ministry of Health Guinea, Conakry, Guinea.,Department of Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yper Hall
- Department of Research and Evaluation, United Kingdom (UK) Health Security Agency, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Hudson
- Department of Research and Evaluation, United Kingdom (UK) Health Security Agency, Salisbury, United Kingdom.,School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Department of Biochemical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Frances Alexander
- Department of Research and Evaluation, United Kingdom (UK) Health Security Agency, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Longet
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics and the Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Taylor
- Department of Research and Evaluation, United Kingdom (UK) Health Security Agency, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Gorringe
- Department of Research and Evaluation, United Kingdom (UK) Health Security Agency, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - N'Faly Magassouba
- Viral Haemorrhagic Fever Reference Department, Projet Laboratoire Fièvres Hémorragiques, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Mandy Kader Konde
- Center for Training and Research on Priority Diseases including Malaria in Guinea, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Julian Hiscox
- Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Strecker
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Miles Carroll
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics and the Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Lindstad CB, du Pré MF, Stamnaes J, Sollid LM. Injection of prototypic celiac anti-transglutaminase 2 antibodies in mice does not cause enteropathy. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266543. [PMID: 35385534 PMCID: PMC8985999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy driven by dietary intake of gluten proteins. Typical histopathologic features are villous flattening, crypt hyperplasia and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the intestinal epithelium and lamina propria. The disease is hallmarked by the gluten-dependent production of autoantibodies targeting the enzyme transglutaminase 2 (TG2). While these antibodies are specific and sensitive diagnostic markers of the disease, a role in the development of the enteropathy has never been established. Methods We addressed this question by injecting murine antibodies harboring the variable domains of a prototypic celiac anti-TG2 immunoglobulin into TG2-sufficient and TG2-deficient mice evaluating for celiac enteropathy. Results We found no histopathologic abnormalities nor clinical signs of disease related to the injection of anti-TG2 IgG or IgA. Conclusions Our findings do not support a direct role for secreted anti-TG2 antibodies in the development of the celiac enteropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian B. Lindstad
- K.G. Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - M. Fleur du Pré
- K.G. Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jorunn Stamnaes
- K.G. Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ludvig M. Sollid
- K.G. Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
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28
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Föh B, Buhre JS, Lunding HB, Moreno-Fernandez ME, König P, Sina C, Divanovic S, Ehlers M. Microbial metabolite butyrate promotes induction of IL-10+IgM+ plasma cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266071. [PMID: 35333906 PMCID: PMC8956175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbially-derived short-chain fatty acid butyrate is a central inhibitor of inflammatory innate and adaptive immune responses. Emerging evidence suggests that butyrate induces differentiation of IL-10-producing (IL-10+) regulatory B cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of butyrate-driven modulation of B cell differentiation are not fully defined. Given the dominant role of regulatory plasma cells (PCs) as the main source of anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-10 and the observation that butyrate also induces the differentiation of PCs, we here investigated the effect of the microbial metabolite butyrate on the induction of regulatory IL-10+ PCs and underlying mechanisms. Here we show that butyrate induces the differentiation of IL-10+IgM+ PCs. Ex vivo, butyrate, but hardly propionate, another microbially-derived short-chain fatty acid, induced the differentiation of IL-10+IgM+ CD138high PCs from isolated splenic murine B cells. In vivo, administration of butyrate via drinking water or by daily intraperitoneal injection increased the number of IL-10+IgM+ CD138high PCs in the spleens of Ovalbumin (Ova)/complete Freund’s adjuvant-immunized mice. The induction of these regulatory PCs was associated with an increase of anti-Ova IgM, but a reduction of anti-Ova class-switched pathogenic IgG2b serum antibodies. Based on the knowledge that butyrate inhibits histone deacetylases (HDACs) thereby increasing histone acetylation, we identified here that HDAC3 inhibition was sufficient to induce PC differentiation and IL-10+ expression. Furthermore, reduced mitochondrial superoxide levels following butyrate treatment and HDAC3 inhibition were necessary for PC differentiation, but not IL-10 expression. In summary, the microbial metabolite butyrate promotes the differentiation of IgM+ PCs and their expression of IL-10. HDAC3 inhibition may be involved as an underlying pathway for both PC differentiation and IL-10 expression, while reduced mitochondrial superoxide levels are crucial only for PC differentiation. The induction of regulatory IL-10+IgM+ PCs and the inhibition of class switching to antigen-specific pathogenic IgG subclasses might represent important pathways of butyrate to limit inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandik Föh
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jana Sophia Buhre
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hanna B. Lunding
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Maria E. Moreno-Fernandez
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Peter König
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Marc Ehlers
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- Airway Research Center North, University of Lübeck, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Lübeck, Germany
- * E-mail:
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29
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Heldner A, Alessandrini F, Russkamp D, Heine S, Schnautz B, Chaker A, Mwange J, Carreno Velazquez TL, Heath MD, Skinner MA, Kramer MF, Zissler UM, Schmidt‐Weber CB, Blank S. Immunological effects of adjuvanted low-dose allergoid allergen-specific immunotherapy in experimental murine house dust mite allergy. Allergy 2022; 77:907-919. [PMID: 34287971 DOI: 10.1111/all.15012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Native allergen extracts or chemically modified allergoids are routinely used to induce allergen tolerance in allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), although mechanistic side-by-side studies are rare. It is paramount to balance optimal dose and allergenicity to achieve efficacy warranting safety. AIT safety and efficacy could be addressed by allergen dose reduction and/or use of allergoids and immunostimulatory adjuvants, respectively. In this study, immunological effects of experimental house dust mite (HDM) AIT were investigated applying high-dose HDM extract and low-dose HDM allergoids with and without the adjuvants microcrystalline tyrosine (MCT) and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) in a murine model of HDM allergy. METHODS Cellular, humoral, and clinical effects of the different AIT strategies were assessed applying a new experimental AIT model of murine allergic asthma based on physiological, adjuvant-free intranasal sensitization followed by subcutaneous AIT. RESULTS While low-dose allergoid and high-dose extract AIT demonstrated comparable potency to suppress allergic airway inflammation and Th2-type cytokine secretion of lung-resident lymphocytes and draining lymph node cells, low-dose allergoid AIT was less effective in inducing a potentially protective IgG1 response. Combining low-dose allergoid AIT with MCT or MCT and dose-adjusted MPL promoted Th1-inducing mechanisms and robust B-cell activation counterbalancing the allergic Th2 immune response. CONCLUSION Low allergen doses induce cellular and humoral mechanisms counteracting Th2-driven inflammation by using allergoids and dose-adjusted adjuvants. In light of safety and efficacy improvement, future therapeutic approaches may use low-dose allergoid strategies to drive cellular tolerance and adjuvants to modulate humoral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Heldner
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich, Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz AssociationMunich Germany
| | - Francesca Alessandrini
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich, Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz AssociationMunich Germany
| | - Dennis Russkamp
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich, Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz AssociationMunich Germany
| | - Sonja Heine
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich, Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz AssociationMunich Germany
| | - Benjamin Schnautz
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich, Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz AssociationMunich Germany
| | - Adam Chaker
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich, Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz AssociationMunich Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology, Klinikum rechts der Isar Faculty of Medicine Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Matthias F. Kramer
- Allergy Therapeutic PLC. Worthing UK
- Bencard Allergie GmbH Munich Germany
| | - Ulrich M. Zissler
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich, Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz AssociationMunich Germany
| | - Carsten B. Schmidt‐Weber
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich, Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz AssociationMunich Germany
| | - Simon Blank
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich, Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz AssociationMunich Germany
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30
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Toldo S, Mezzaroma E, Buckley LF, Potere N, Di Nisio M, Biondi-Zoccai G, Van Tassell BW, Abbate A. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 236:108053. [PMID: 34906598 PMCID: PMC9187780 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The NACHT, leucine-rich repeat (LRR), and pyrin domain (PYD)-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an intracellular sensing protein complex that plays a major role in innate immunity. Following tissue injury, activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome results in cytokine production, primarily interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-18, and, eventually, inflammatory cell death - pyroptosis. While a balanced inflammatory response favors damage resolution and tissue healing, excessive NLRP3 activation causes detrimental effects. A key involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been reported across a wide range of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Several pharmacological agents selectively targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome system have been developed and tested in animals and early phase human studies with overall promising results. While the NLRP3 inhibitors are in clinical development, multiple randomized trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of IL-1 blockade in atherothrombosis, heart failure and recurrent pericarditis. Furthermore, the non-selective NLRP3 inhibitor colchicine has been recently shown to significantly reduce cardiovascular events in patients with chronic coronary disease. In this review, we will outline the mechanisms driving NLRP3 assembly and activation, and discuss the pathogenetic role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in CVDs, providing an overview of the current and future therapeutic approaches targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Toldo
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Eleonora Mezzaroma
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcome Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Leo F Buckley
- Department of Pharmacy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Potere
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marcello Di Nisio
- Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy
| | - Benjamin W Van Tassell
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcome Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Antonio Abbate
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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31
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Zaric M, Marini A, Nielsen CM, Gupta G, Mekhaiel D, Pham TP, Elias SC, Taylor IJ, de Graaf H, Payne RO, Li Y, Silk SE, Williams C, Hill AVS, Long CA, Miura K, Biswas S. Poor CD4 + T Cell Immunogenicity Limits Humoral Immunity to P. falciparum Transmission-Blocking Candidate Pfs25 in Humans. Front Immunol 2021; 12:732667. [PMID: 34659219 PMCID: PMC8515144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.732667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) targeting the Pfs25 antigen have shown promise in mice but the same efficacy has never been achieved in humans. We have previously published pre-clinical data related to a TBV candidate Pfs25-IMX313 encoded in viral vectors which was very promising and hence progressed to human clinical trials. The results from the clinical trial of this vaccine were very modest. Here we unravel why, contrary to mice, this vaccine has failed to induce robust antibody (Ab) titres in humans to elicit transmission-blocking activity. We examined Pfs25-specific B cell and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell responses in mice and humans after vaccination with Pfs25-IMX313 encoded by replication-deficient chimpanzee adenovirus serotype 63 (ChAd63) and the attenuated orthopoxvirus modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) delivered in the heterologous prime-boost regimen via intramuscular route. We found that after vaccination, the Pfs25-IMX313 was immunologically suboptimal in humans compared to mice in terms of serum Ab production and antigen-specific B, CD4+ and Tfh cell responses. We identified that the key determinant for the poor anti-Pfs25 Ab formation in humans was the lack of CD4+ T cell recognition of Pfs25-IMX313 derived peptide epitopes. This is supported by correlations established between the ratio of proliferated antigen-specific CD4+/Tfh-like T cells, CXCL13 sera levels, and the corresponding numbers of circulating Pfs25-specific memory B cells, that consequently reflected on antigen-specific IgG sera levels. These correlations can inform the design of next-generation Pfs25-based vaccines for robust and durable blocking of malaria transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Zaric
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Arianna Marini
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Carolyn M Nielsen
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David Mekhaiel
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Thao P Pham
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Sean C Elias
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Iona J Taylor
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hans de Graaf
- NIHR Clinical Research Facility, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth O Payne
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Silk
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Williams
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian V S Hill
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Carole A Long
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Kazutoyo Miura
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Sumi Biswas
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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32
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Badger R, Park K, Pietrofesa RA, Christofidou-Solomidou M, Serve KM. Late Inflammation Induced by Asbestiform Fibers in Mice Is Ameliorated by a Small Molecule Synthetic Lignan. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222010982. [PMID: 34681644 PMCID: PMC8537122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to Libby amphibole (LA) asbestos-like fibers is associated with increased risk of asbestosis, mesothelioma, pulmonary disease, and systemic autoimmune disease. LGM2605 is a small molecule antioxidant and free radical scavenger, with anti-inflammatory effects in various disease models. The current study aimed to determine whether the protective effects of LGM2605 persist during the late inflammatory phase post-LA exposure. Male and female C57BL/6 mice were administered daily LGM2605 (100 mg/kg) via gel cups for 3 days before and 14 days after a 200 µg LA given via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. Control mice were given unsupplemented gel cups and an equivalent dose of i.p. saline. On day 14 post-LA treatment, peritoneal lavage was assessed for immune cell influx, cytokine concentrations, oxidative stress biomarkers, and immunoglobulins. During the late inflammatory phase post-LA exposure, we noted an alteration in trafficking of both innate and adaptive immune cells, increased pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations, induction of immunoglobulin isotype switching, and increased oxidized guanine species. LGM2605 countered these changes similarly among male and female mice, ameliorating late inflammation and altering immune responses in late post-LA exposure. These data support possible efficacy of LGM2605 in the prolonged treatment of LA-associated disease and other inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reagan Badger
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA;
| | - Kyewon Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.P.); (R.A.P.); (M.C.-S.)
| | - Ralph A. Pietrofesa
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.P.); (R.A.P.); (M.C.-S.)
| | - Melpo Christofidou-Solomidou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.P.); (R.A.P.); (M.C.-S.)
| | - Kinta M. Serve
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA;
- Correspondence:
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33
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Nogueira Almeida L, Clauder AK, Meng L, Ehlers M, Arce S, Manz RA. MHC haplotype and B cell autoimmunity: Correlation with pathogenic IgG autoantibody subclasses and Fc glycosylation patterns. Eur J Immunol 2021; 52:197-203. [PMID: 34609741 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many genes that are associated with the development of certain autoimmune disorders, but the MHC haplotypes still represent the most prevalent genetic risk factor for many autoimmune diseases. The mechanisms by which MHC-associated genetic susceptibility translates into B cell autoimmunity and the development of autoimmune diseases are complex. There is increasing evidence that the MHC haplotype modulates autoreactive B cell responses in multiple ways. Instead of merely inhibiting the production of IgG autoantibodies and mediating complete immunological tolerance, the non-permitting MHC haplotypes seem to facilitate the production of IgG autoantibodies exhibiting Fc glycosylation patterns that are associated with reduced pathogenicity and a protective cytokine profile of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. Here, we discuss mechanisms linking MHC haplotypes to the production of pathogenic IgG autoantibodies, which could be relevant for the development of improved diagnosis, particularly in the context of individual medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann-Katrin Clauder
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lingzhang Meng
- Center for Systemic Inflammation Research (CSIR), School of Preclinical Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise City (Bose), Guangxi Zhuang, Autonomous Region, China
| | - Marc Ehlers
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sergio Arce
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine-Greenville, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Rudolf Armin Manz
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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34
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Opi DH, Kurtovic L, Chan JA, Horton JL, Feng G, Beeson JG. Multi-functional antibody profiling for malaria vaccine development and evaluation. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:1257-1272. [PMID: 34530671 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1981864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A vaccine would greatly accelerate current global efforts toward malaria elimination. While a partially efficacious vaccine has been achieved for Plasmodium falciparum, a major bottleneck in developing highly efficacious vaccines is a lack of reliable correlates of protection, and the limited application of assays that quantify functional immune responses to evaluate and down-select vaccine candidates in pre-clinical studies and clinical trials. AREAS COVERED In this review, we describe the important role of antibodies in immunity against malaria and detail the nature and functional activities of antibodies against the malaria-causing parasite. We highlight the growing understanding of antibody effector functions against malaria and in vitro assays to measure these functional antibody responses. We discuss the application of these assays to quantify antibody functions in vaccine development and evaluation. EXPERT OPINION It is becoming increasingly clear that multiple antibody effector functions are involved in immunity to malaria. Therefore, we propose that evaluating vaccine candidates needs to move beyond individual assays or measuring IgG magnitude alone. Instead, vaccine evaluation should incorporate the full breadth of antibody response types and harness a wider range of assays measuring functional antibody responses. We propose a 3-tier approach to implementing assays to inform vaccine evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Herbert Opi
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Liriye Kurtovic
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jo-Anne Chan
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jessica L Horton
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gaoqian Feng
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James G Beeson
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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Abstract
Antibody-dependent complement activation plays a major role in various pathophysiological processes in our body, including infection, inflammation, autoimmunity, and transplant rejection. In order to activate complement, antibodies should bind to target cells and recruit complement component C1. C1 is a large, multimolecular complex that consists of the antibody recognition protein C1q and a heterotetramer of proteases (C1r2s2). Although it is believed that interactions between C1 and IgGs are solely mediated by C1q, we here show that C1r2s2 proteases affect the capacity of C1q to form an avid complex with surface-bound IgG molecules. Furthermore, we demonstrate that C1q–IgG stability is influenced by IgG oligomerization and that promoting IgG oligomerization improves phagocytosis of the pathogenic bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. Complement is an important effector mechanism for antibody-mediated clearance of infections and tumor cells. Upon binding to target cells, the antibody’s constant (Fc) domain recruits complement component C1 to initiate a proteolytic cascade that generates lytic pores and stimulates phagocytosis. The C1 complex (C1qr2s2) consists of the large recognition protein C1q and a heterotetramer of proteases C1r and C1s (C1r2s2). While interactions between C1 and IgG-Fc are believed to be mediated by the globular heads of C1q, we here find that C1r2s2 proteases affect the capacity of C1q to form an avid complex with surface-bound IgG molecules (on various 2,4-dinitrophenol [DNP]-coated surfaces and pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus). The extent to which C1r2s2 contributes to C1q–IgG stability strongly differs between human IgG subclasses. Using antibody engineering of monoclonal IgG, we reveal that hexamer-enhancing mutations improve C1q–IgG stability, both in the absence and presence of C1r2s2. In addition, hexamer-enhanced IgGs targeting S. aureus mediate improved complement-dependent phagocytosis by human neutrophils. Altogether, these molecular insights into complement binding to surface-bound IgGs could be important for optimal design of antibody therapies.
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Tian X, Cui Z, Wang S, Pan Y, Lata A, Chen X, Wang X, Qiu X, Deng Z, Wang Y. Low serum IgG4 level: a potential diagnostic biomarker for IgA nephropathy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:781. [PMID: 34268394 PMCID: PMC8246212 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background In contrast to intense investigations of galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A (IgA)1 specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), little is known about the IgG subclasses in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Low IgG4 levels in IgAN were noticed in our preliminary experiment. We aimed to verify the low IgG4 levels and investigate the related immune mechanism in IgAN. Methods A total of 112 healthy controls (HC) and 112 newly diagnosed IgAN patients were enrolled in this study. Patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), minimal change disease (MCD), or lupus nephritis (LN) were selected as disease controls (DC) (n=122). Serum IgG4 and IgG levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The IgG4+ B, T helper 1 (Th1), and Th2 cells were measured by flow cytometry. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of IgG4. Results Both IgG4 levels and IgG4/IgG in IgAN were lower than HC and DC (all P<0.001). Severe IgAN displayed lower IgG4 levels than mild IgAN (P=0.039). Patients with higher risk of renal progression (>50%) demonstrated lower IgG4 levels than lower-risk (≤15%) patients (P=0.019). The cutoff value of IgG4 in differentiating IgAN from HC and DC was 0.26 mg/mL [sensitivity 98.2%, specificity 82.4%, area under the curve (AUC): 0.941, P<0.0001] and 0.17 mg/mL (sensitivity 90.2%, specificity 85.2%, AUC: 0.937, P<0.0001), respectively. IgG4/IgG displayed similar diagnostic and differential ability. The IgG4+ B/B cells (P<0.0001) and Th2/Th (P=0.042) of IgAN were lower than HC. Conclusions Serum IgG4 levels were low in IgAN. Lower IgG4 levels indicated more severe disease conditions and higher risk of renal progression. Low serum IgG4 seemed to be a potential diagnostic biomarker for IgAN. Decreased IgG4+ B cells and Th2 cells may contribute to the low IgG4 levels in IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Tian
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuan Cui
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuejuan Pan
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - A Lata
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qiu
- Department of Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenling Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Waseda Y, Yamada K, Mizuguchi K, Ito K, Watanabe S, Zuka M, Ishizuka T, Malissen M, Malissen B, Kawano M, Matsui S. The pronounced lung lesions developing in LATY136F knock-in mice mimic human IgG4-related lung disease. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247173. [PMID: 33661938 PMCID: PMC7932159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a novel clinical disease entity characterized by an elevated serum IgG4 concentration and tumefaction or tissue infiltration by IgG4-positive plasma cells. Pathological changes are most frequently seen in the pancreas, lacrimal glands, and salivary glands, but pathological changes in the lung also exist. Linker for activation of T cell (LAT)Y136F knock-in mice show Th2-dominant immunoreactions with elevated serum IgG1 levels, corresponding to human IgG4. We have reported that LATY136F knock-in mice display several characteristic features of IgG4-RD and concluded that they constitute an appropriate model of human IgG4-RD in salivary glands, pancreas, and kidney lesions. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to evaluate whether lung lesions in LATY136F knock-in mice can be a model of IgG4-related lung disease. METHODS Lung tissue samples from LATY136F knock-in mice (LAT) and wild-type mice (WT) were immunostained for IgG1 and obtained for pathological evaluation, and cell fractions and cytokine levels in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were analyzed. RESULTS In the LAT group, IgG1-positive inflammatory cells increased starting at 4 weeks of age and peaked at 10 weeks of age. The total cell count and percentage of lymphocytes increased significantly in BALF in the LAT group compared to the WT group. In BALF, Th2-dominant cytokines and transforming growth factor-β were also increased. In the LAT group, marked inflammation around broncho-vascular bundles peaked at 10 weeks of age. After 10 weeks, fibrosis around broncho-vascular bundles and bronchiectasis were observed in LATY136F knock-in mice but not WT mice. CONCLUSIONS LATY136F knock-in mice constitute an appropriate model of lung lesions in IgG4-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Waseda
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yamada
- Department of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keishi Mizuguchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kiyoaki Ito
- Department of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Department oh Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Zuka
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Ishizuka
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
| | - Marie Malissen
- Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Universite´, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Universite´, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Mitsuhiro Kawano
- Department of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shoko Matsui
- Health Administration Center, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Abstract
Clear vision is dependent on features that protect the anatomical integrity of the eye (cornea and sclera) and those that contribute to internal ocular homeostasis by conferring hemangiogenic (avascular tissues and antiangiogenic factors), lymphangiogenic (lack of draining lymphatics), and immunologic (tight junctions that form blood-ocular barriers, immunosuppressive cells, and modulators) privileges. The later examples are necessary components that enable the eye to maintain an immunosuppressive environment that responds to foreign invaders in a deviated manner, minimizing destructive inflammation that would impair vision. These conditions allowed for the observations made by Medawar, in 1948, of delayed rejection of allogenic tissue grafts in the anterior chamber of mouse eye and permit the sequestration of foreign invaders (eg, Toxoplasma gondii) within the retina of healthy individuals. Yet successful development of intraocular drugs (biologics and delivery devices) has been stymied by adverse ocular pathology, much of which is driven by immune pathways. The eye can be intolerant of foreign protein irrespective of delivery route, and endogenous ocular cells have remarkable plasticity when recruited to preserve visual function. This article provides a review of current understanding of ocular immunology and the potential role of immune mechanisms in pathology observed with intraocular drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sharmila Masli
- 12259Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Campbell E, Hesser LA, Nagler CR. B cells and the microbiota: a missing connection in food allergy. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:4-13. [PMID: 33106585 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-00350-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Food allergies are a major public health concern due to their widespread and rising prevalence. The increase in food allergy is partially due to Western lifestyle habits which deplete protective commensal microbiota. These microbial perturbations can result in adverse host-microbe interactions, altering the phenotype of various immune cells and instigating allergic sensitization. Although B cells are critical to allergic pathology, microbial influences on B cells have been somewhat overlooked. Here, we focus on direct and indirect interactions between bacteria and B cells and how such interactions regulate B-cell phenotype, namely antibody production (IgA, IgE, IgG1, and IgG4) and regulatory B-cell (Breg) function. Understanding how microbes modulate B-cell activity in the context of food allergies is critical to both tracing the development of disease and assessing future treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Campbell
- Committee on Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Pathology and Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lauren A Hesser
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cathryn R Nagler
- Department of Pathology and Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Byrne AB, Talarico LB. Role of the complement system in antibody-dependent enhancement of flavivirus infections. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 103:404-411. [PMID: 33352325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavivirus infections have increased dramatically in the last decades in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infections has been one of the main hypotheses to explain severity of disease and one of the major challenges to safe and effective vaccine development. In the presence of cross-reactive sub-neutralizing concentrations of anti-dengue antibodies, immune complexes can amplify viral infection in mononuclear phagocytic cells, triggering a cytokine cascade and activating the complement system that leads to severe disease. The complement system comprises a family of plasma and cellular surface proteins that recognize pathogen associated molecular patterns, modified ligands and immune complexes, interacting in a regulated manner and forming an enzymatic cascade. Pathogenic as well as protective effects of complement have been reported in flavivirus infections. This review provides updated knowledge on complement activation during flavivirus infection, including antiviral effects of complement and its regulation, as well as mechanisms of complement evasion and dysregulation of complement activity during viral infection leading to pathogenesis. Particularly, insights into classical pathway activation and its protective role on antibody-dependent enhancement of flavivirus infections are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana B Byrne
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Infectológicas y Biología Molecular, Unidad de Infectología, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires 1425, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires 1425, Argentina.
| | - Laura B Talarico
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Infectológicas y Biología Molecular, Unidad de Infectología, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires 1425, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires 1425, Argentina.
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Lu L, Fong CHY, Zhang AJ, Wu WL, Li IC, Lee ACY, Dissanayake TK, Chen L, Hung IFN, Chan KH, Chu H, Kok KH, Yuen KY, To KKW. Repurposing of Miltefosine as an Adjuvant for Influenza Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8040754. [PMID: 33322574 PMCID: PMC7768360 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that topical imiquimod can improve the immunogenicity of the influenza vaccine. This study investigated another FDA-approved drug, miltefosine (MTF), as a vaccine adjuvant. Mice immunized with an influenza vaccine with or without MTF adjuvant were challenged by a lethal dose of influenza virus 3 or 7 days after vaccination. Survival, body weight, antibody response, histopathological changes, viral loads, cytokine levels, and T cell frequencies were compared. The MTF-adjuvanted vaccine (MTF-VAC) group had a significantly better survival rate than the vaccine-only (VAC) group, when administered 3 days (80% vs. 26.7%, p = 0.0063) or 7 days (96% vs. 65%, p = 0.0041) before influenza virus challenge. Lung damage was significantly ameliorated in the MTF-VAC group. Antibody response was significantly augmented in the MTF-VAC group against both homologous and heterologous influenza strains. There was a greater T follicular helper cell (TFH) response and an enhanced germinal center (GC) reaction in the MTF-VAC group. MTF-VAC also induced both TH1 and TH2 antigen-specific cytokine responses. MTF improved the efficacy of the influenza vaccine against homologous and heterologous viruses by improving the TFH and antibody responses. Miltefosine may also be used for other vaccines, including the upcoming vaccines for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.); (C.H.-Y.F.); (A.J.Z.); (W.-L.W.); (I.C.L.); (A.C.-Y.L.); (T.K.D.); (L.C.); (K.-H.C.); (H.C.); (K.-H.K.); (K.-Y.Y.)
| | - Carol Ho-Yan Fong
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.); (C.H.-Y.F.); (A.J.Z.); (W.-L.W.); (I.C.L.); (A.C.-Y.L.); (T.K.D.); (L.C.); (K.-H.C.); (H.C.); (K.-H.K.); (K.-Y.Y.)
| | - Anna Jinxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.); (C.H.-Y.F.); (A.J.Z.); (W.-L.W.); (I.C.L.); (A.C.-Y.L.); (T.K.D.); (L.C.); (K.-H.C.); (H.C.); (K.-H.K.); (K.-Y.Y.)
| | - Wai-Lan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.); (C.H.-Y.F.); (A.J.Z.); (W.-L.W.); (I.C.L.); (A.C.-Y.L.); (T.K.D.); (L.C.); (K.-H.C.); (H.C.); (K.-H.K.); (K.-Y.Y.)
| | - Iris Can Li
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.); (C.H.-Y.F.); (A.J.Z.); (W.-L.W.); (I.C.L.); (A.C.-Y.L.); (T.K.D.); (L.C.); (K.-H.C.); (H.C.); (K.-H.K.); (K.-Y.Y.)
| | - Andrew Chak-Yiu Lee
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.); (C.H.-Y.F.); (A.J.Z.); (W.-L.W.); (I.C.L.); (A.C.-Y.L.); (T.K.D.); (L.C.); (K.-H.C.); (H.C.); (K.-H.K.); (K.-Y.Y.)
| | - Thrimendra Kaushika Dissanayake
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.); (C.H.-Y.F.); (A.J.Z.); (W.-L.W.); (I.C.L.); (A.C.-Y.L.); (T.K.D.); (L.C.); (K.-H.C.); (H.C.); (K.-H.K.); (K.-Y.Y.)
| | - Linlei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.); (C.H.-Y.F.); (A.J.Z.); (W.-L.W.); (I.C.L.); (A.C.-Y.L.); (T.K.D.); (L.C.); (K.-H.C.); (H.C.); (K.-H.K.); (K.-Y.Y.)
| | - Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Kwok-Hung Chan
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.); (C.H.-Y.F.); (A.J.Z.); (W.-L.W.); (I.C.L.); (A.C.-Y.L.); (T.K.D.); (L.C.); (K.-H.C.); (H.C.); (K.-H.K.); (K.-Y.Y.)
| | - Hin Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.); (C.H.-Y.F.); (A.J.Z.); (W.-L.W.); (I.C.L.); (A.C.-Y.L.); (T.K.D.); (L.C.); (K.-H.C.); (H.C.); (K.-H.K.); (K.-Y.Y.)
| | - Kin-Hang Kok
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.); (C.H.-Y.F.); (A.J.Z.); (W.-L.W.); (I.C.L.); (A.C.-Y.L.); (T.K.D.); (L.C.); (K.-H.C.); (H.C.); (K.-H.K.); (K.-Y.Y.)
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.); (C.H.-Y.F.); (A.J.Z.); (W.-L.W.); (I.C.L.); (A.C.-Y.L.); (T.K.D.); (L.C.); (K.-H.C.); (H.C.); (K.-H.K.); (K.-Y.Y.)
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Kelvin Kai-Wang To
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.); (C.H.-Y.F.); (A.J.Z.); (W.-L.W.); (I.C.L.); (A.C.-Y.L.); (T.K.D.); (L.C.); (K.-H.C.); (H.C.); (K.-H.K.); (K.-Y.Y.)
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China;
- Correspondence:
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Sasaki T, Yajima T, Shimaoka T, Ogawa S, Saito T, Yamaoka K, Takeuchi T, Kubo M. Synergistic effect of IgG4 antibody and CTLs causes tissue inflammation in IgG4-related disease. Int Immunol 2020; 32:163-174. [PMID: 31713611 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxz073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is characterized by multi-organ irreversible damage resulting from tissue-specific infiltration of IgG4+ plasma cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). However, whether IgG4 antibody contributes to the inflammation remains unclear. In this study, we established a mouse model that enabled us to evaluate the pathogenic function of IgG4 antibodies in response to a tissue-specific autoantigen using recombinant ovalbumin (OVA)-specific human IgG4 monoclonal antibody (rOVA-hIgG4 mAb) and the mice expressing OVA of the pancreatic islets (RIP-mOVA mice). We found no inflammatory effect of rOVA-hIgG4 mAb transfer alone; however, co-transfer with OVA-specific CD8 CTLs (OT-I T cells) induced tissue damage with dense lymphocytic inflammation in the pancreas of RIP-mOVA mice. rOVA-hIgG4 mAb caused accumulation of conventional DC1 cells (cDC1s) in the lymphoid tissues, and the dendritic cells (DCs) activated the OT-I T cells via cross-presentation. We also revealed that the synergistic effects of CTLs and antibodies were observed in the other subclasses including endogenous antibodies if they recognized the same antigen. The transfer of OVA-specific CD4 helper T cells (OT-II T cells) into RIP-mOVA mice induced the production of anti-OVA antibody, which had a synergistic effect, through acquisition of a T follicular helper (TFH) phenotype. Moreover, using OT-II T cells deficient in Bcl6 caused lower anti-OVA antibody production and inflammation with OT-I T cells. Our results indicated that autoreactive IgG4 antibodies play an important role of the tissue-specific CTL response in IgG4-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Sasaki
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Center for Integrative Medical Science (IMS), RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taiki Yajima
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Shimaoka
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuhei Ogawa
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Laboratory for Cell Signaling, Center for Integrative Medical Science (IMS), RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Yamaoka
- Department of Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takeuchi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Kubo
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan.,Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Center for Integrative Medical Science (IMS), RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Kanagawa, Japan
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The Role of IgG Subclass in Antibody-Mediated Protection against Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. mBio 2020; 11:mBio.02059-20. [PMID: 32900809 PMCID: PMC7482069 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02059-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is an urgent public health threat that causes life-threatening infections in immunocompromised hosts. Its resistance to nearly all antibiotics necessitates novel strategies to treat it, including the use of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies are emerging as important adjuncts to traditional pharmaceuticals, and studying how they protect against specific bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae is crucial to their development as effective therapies. Antibody subclass is often overlooked but is a major factor in how an antibody interacts with other mediators of immunity. This paper is the first to examine how the subclass of anticapsular monoclonal antibodies can affect efficacy against CR-Kp. Additionally, this work sheds light on the viability of monoclonal antibody therapy in neutropenic patients, who are most vulnerable to CR-Kp infection. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have the potential to assist in the battle against multidrug-resistant bacteria such as carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp). However, the characteristics by which these antibodies (Abs) function, such as the role of antibody subclass, must be determined before such modalities can be carried from the bench to the bedside. We performed a subclass switch on anticapsular monoclonal murine IgG3 (mIgG3) hybridomas and identified and purified a murine IgG1 (mIgG1) hybridoma line through sib selection. We then compared the ability of the mIgG1 and mIgG3 antibodies to control CR-Kp sequence type 258 (ST258) infection both in vitro and in vivo. We found by enzyme-limited immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry that mIgG3 has superior binding to the CR-Kp capsular polysaccharide (CPS) and superior agglutinating ability compared to mIgG1. The mIgG3 also, predictably, had better complement-mediated serum bactericidal activity than the mIgG1 and also promoted neutrophil-mediated killing at concentrations lower than that of the mIgG1. In contrast, the mIgG1 had marginally better activity in improving macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. Comparing their activities in a pulmonary infection model with wild-type as well as neutropenic mice, both antibodies reduced organ burden in a nonlethal challenge, regardless of neutrophil status, with mIgG1 having the highest overall burden reduction in both scenarios. However, at a lethal inoculum, both antibodies showed reduced efficacy in neutropenic mice, with mIgG3 retaining the most activity. These findings suggest the viability of monoclonal Ab adjunctive therapy in neutropenic patients that cannot mount their own immune response, while also providing some insight into the relative contributions of immune mediators in CR-Kp protection.
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Aglas L, Bethanis A, Chrusciel P, Stolz F, Gruen M, Jaakkola UM, Jongejan L, Yatkin E, Van Ree R. In vivo Induction of Functional Inhibitory IgG Antibodies by a Hypoallergenic Bet v 1 Variant. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2118. [PMID: 33013894 PMCID: PMC7494741 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic sensitization to the major allergen Bet v 1 represents the dominating factor inducing a vast variety of allergic symptoms in birch pollen allergic patients worldwide, including the pollen food allergy syndrome. In order to overcome the huge socio-economic burden associated with allergic diseases, allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) as a curative strategy to manage the disease was introduced. Still, many hurdles related to this treatment exist making AIT not the patients’ first choice. To improve the current situation, the development of hypoallergen-based drug products has raised attention in the last decade. Herein, we investigated the efficacy of the novel AIT candidate BM4, a hypoallergenic variant of Bet v 1, to induce treatment-relevant cross-reactive Bet v 1-specific IgG antibodies in two different mammals, Wistar rats and New Zealand White rabbits. We further analyzed the cross-reactivity of BM4-induced Wistar rat antibodies with the birch pollen-associated food allergens Mal d 1 and Cor a 1, and the functional capability of the induced antibodies to act as IgE-blocking IgG antibodies. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the titers of rat IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgE, as well as rabbit IgG and IgE antibodies. To address the functional relevance of the induced IgG antibodies, the capacity of rat sera to suppress binding of human IgE to Bet v 1 was investigated by using an inhibition ELISA and an IgE-facilitated allergen-binding inhibition assay. We found that the treatment with BM4 induced elevated Bet v 1-specific IgG antibody titers in both mammalian species. In Wistar rats, high BM4-specific IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b titers (104 to 106) were induced, which cross-reacted with wild-type Bet v 1, and the homologous allergens Mal d 1 and Cor a 1. Rat allergen-specific IgG antibodies sustained upon treatment discontinuation. Sera of rats immunized with BM4 were able to significantly suppress binding of human IgE to the wild-type allergens and CD23-mediated human IgE-facilitated Bet v 1 binding on B cells. By contrast, treatment-induced IgE antibody levels were low or undetectable. In summary, BM4 induced a robust IgG immune response that efficiently blocked human IgE-binding to wild-type allergens, underscoring its potential therapeutic value in AIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz Aglas
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | | - Frank Stolz
- Biomay AG, Vienna Competence Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Gruen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | | - Emrah Yatkin
- Central Animal Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ronald Van Ree
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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45
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Jackson-Thompson BM, Torrero M, Mitre BK, Long J, Packiam M, Mitre E. Axenic Caenorhabditis elegans antigen protects against development of type-1 diabetes in NOD mice. J Transl Autoimmun 2020; 3:100065. [PMID: 32939449 PMCID: PMC7476867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2020.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in humans and animals have demonstrated that infection with helminths (parasitic worms) is protective against a range of hyperinflammatory diseases. A number of factors limit translation into clinical use, including: potential contamination of helminths obtained from infected humans or animals, lack of batch to batch stability, and potential pathological risks derived from live worm infections. To overcome these limitations we tested whether an antigen homogenate of the non-pathogenic nematode Caenorhabditis elegans confers protection against type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) using the Non Obese Diabetic (NOD) mouse model. Our study demonstrates that twice weekly intraperitoneal injections of axenically cultured C. elegans antigen (aCeAg) confers substantial protection against type 1 diabetes in NOD mice. Whereas 80% of control mice (PBS-injected) developed clinical disease, only 10% of aCeAg-treated mice became diabetic. Additionally, aCeAg treated mice had significantly greater numbers of insulin-producing pancreatic islets and greater numbers of islets negative for lymphocyte infiltration. Immunological changes observed in aCeAg treated mice included increases in total IgE and total IgG1, consistent with induction of a type 2 immune response similar to that typically seen in parasitic worm infection. Although evidence suggests that helminth infections induce strong immunoregulatory signals, we did not observe significant changes in regulatory T cell numbers or in production of the regulatory cytokines TGFβ and IL-10. The lack of a regulatory response may be due to our time point of observation, or perhaps the mechanism of aCeAg efficacy may differ from that of helminth infection. Discovery that antigens obtained from a non-parasitic environmental nematode replicate the protective phenotype induced by parasitic worm infections may accelerate our ability to develop nematode-derived therapies for allergy and autoimmune diseases. Axenically cultured C. elegans is protective against T1D in NOD mice. aCeAg protection is comparable to helminth immune therapy in NOD mice. aCeAg administration induces total IgE and total IgG similar to helminth infection. aCeAg does not induce TLR4 nor antigen-specific IgE activity. aCeAg efficacy finding may aid in nematode therapy for hyperinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Torrero
- Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | | | - James Long
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Mathanraj Packiam
- Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Edward Mitre
- Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
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46
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Crow AR, Kapur R, Koernig S, Campbell IK, Jen CC, Mott PJ, Marjoram D, Khan R, Kim M, Brasseit J, Cruz-Leal Y, Amash A, Kahlon S, Yougbare I, Ni H, Zuercher AW, Käsermann F, Semple JW, Lazarus AH. Treating murine inflammatory diseases with an anti-erythrocyte antibody. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/506/eaau8217. [PMID: 31434758 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau8217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases typically involves immune suppression. In an opposite strategy, we show that administration of the highly inflammatory erythrocyte-specific antibody Ter119 into mice remodels the monocyte cellular landscape, leading to resolution of inflammatory disease. Ter119 with intact Fc function was unexpectedly therapeutic in the K/BxN serum transfer model of arthritis. Similarly, it rapidly reversed clinical disease progression in collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) and collagen-induced arthritis and completely corrected CAIA-induced increase in monocyte Fcγ receptor II/III expression. Ter119 dose-dependently induced plasma chemokines CCL2, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CCL11 with corresponding alterations in monocyte percentages in the blood and liver within 24 hours. Ter119 attenuated chemokine production from the synovial fluid and prevented the accumulation of inflammatory cells and complement components in the synovium. Ter119 could also accelerate the resolution of hypothermia and pulmonary edema in an acute lung injury model. We conclude that this inflammatory anti-erythrocyte antibody simultaneously triggers a highly efficient anti-inflammatory effect with broad therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Crow
- Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 4J5, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Rick Kapur
- Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 4J5, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada.,Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden.,Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sandra Koernig
- CSL Limited, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Ian K Campbell
- CSL Limited, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Chao-Ching Jen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Patrick J Mott
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Danielle Marjoram
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Ramsha Khan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Michael Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Jennifer Brasseit
- CSL Behring, Research, CSL Biologics Research Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yoelys Cruz-Leal
- Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 4J5, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Alaa Amash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Simrat Kahlon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Issaka Yougbare
- Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 4J5, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Heyu Ni
- Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 4J5, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada.,Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Adrian W Zuercher
- CSL Behring, Research, CSL Biologics Research Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Käsermann
- CSL Behring, Research, CSL Biologics Research Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - John W Semple
- Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 4J5, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada.,Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden.,Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Alan H Lazarus
- Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 4J5, Canada. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8 Canada.,Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
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47
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Lakhanpal A, Brahn E. A perspective on modern advances for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) therapeutics. Eur J Rheumatol 2020; 7:S102-S106. [PMID: 32449669 PMCID: PMC7431337 DOI: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2020.2065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Lakhanpal
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ernest Brahn
- Division of Rheumatology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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48
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Pan Q, Xiao H, Shi L, He Y, Cai J, Wu J, Li A, Ye L, Yang C, Liu HF. IgG4 Autoantibodies Attenuate Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Progression by Suppressing Complement Consumption and Inflammatory Cytokine Production. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1047. [PMID: 32625200 PMCID: PMC7311789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic autoantibodies can cause inflammation and tissue injury in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although IgG4 is considered non-inflammatory owing to the unique structure of its hinge region, the role of IgG4 autoantibodies in SLE remains largely unknown. The titers of serum anti-nuclear-IgG antibodies (ANA-IgG) and anti-nuclear-IgG4 antibodies (ANA-IgG4) in newly diagnosed SLE patients were detected. The effects of IgG4 purified from SLE patients (SLE IgG4) and healthy controls on complement consumption and inflammatory cytokine production were evaluated in vitro. The therapeutic effects of mouse IgG1 (functionally resembles human IgG4) purified from lupus-prone MRL-lpr/lpr mice (lupus IgG1) and control mice on disease progression were examined in MRL-lpr/lpr mice. The results showed that SLE patients with equal titers of total serum ANA-IgG (1:3,200) were divided into group I with lower ANA-IgG4 titers (≤ 1:10) and group II with higher ANA-IgG4 titers (≥ 1:100), and disease activity, inflammatory cytokine production, complement consumption, and renal-function parameters in group I SLE patients were more severe than those in group II. Further, compared with control IgG4, SLE IgG4 inhibited complement consumption by autoantibody-autoantigen immune complexes, and also inhibited inflammatory cytokines production by SLE PBMCs in vitro. Moreover, compared with control IgG1, lupus IgG1 exhibited a therapeutic effect on lupus by attenuating disease progression in MRL-lpr/lpr mice. These findings, for the first time, suggest that IgG4 autoantibodies can attenuate SLE progression by suppressing complement consumption and inflammatory cytokine production. Hence, this study may provide novel therapeutic strategies against SLE and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yiming He
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Aifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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49
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Oyong DA, Wilson DW, Barber BE, William T, Jiang J, Galinski MR, Fowkes FJI, Grigg MJ, Beeson JG, Anstey NM, Boyle MJ. Induction and Kinetics of Complement-Fixing Antibodies Against Plasmodium vivax Merozoite Surface Protein 3α and Relationship With Immunoglobulin G Subclasses and Immunoglobulin M. J Infect Dis 2020; 220:1950-1961. [PMID: 31419296 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complement-fixing antibodies are important mediators of protection against Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, complement-fixing antibodies remain uncharacterized for Plasmodium vivax malaria. P. vivax merozoite surface protein 3α (PvMSP3α) is a target of acquired immunity and a potential vaccine candidate. METHODS Plasma from children and adults with P. vivax malaria in Sabah, Malaysia, were collected during acute infection, 7 and 28 days after drug treatment. Complement-fixing antibodies and immunoglobulin M and G (IgM and IgG), targeting 3 distinctive regions of PvMSP3α, were measured by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The seroprevalence of complement-fixing antibodies was highest against the PvMSP3α central region (77.6%). IgG1, IgG3, and IgM were significantly correlated with C1q fixation, and both purified IgG and IgM were capable of mediating C1q fixation to PvMSP3α. Complement-fixing antibody levels were similar between age groups, but IgM was predominant in children and IgG3 more prevalent in adults. Levels of functional antibodies increased after acute infection through 7 days after treatment but rapidly waned by day 28. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that PvMSP3α antibodies acquired during P. vivax infection can mediate complement fixation and shows the important influence of age in shaping these specific antibody responses. Further studies are warranted to understand the role of these functional antibodies in protective immunity against P. vivax malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian A Oyong
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia.,Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Danny W Wilson
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Melbourne, Australia.,Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bridget E Barber
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Society Kota Kinabalu, Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Timothy William
- Infectious Diseases Society Kota Kinabalu, Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.,Gleneagles Medical Centre, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Jianlin Jiang
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mary R Galinski
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Freya J I Fowkes
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew J Grigg
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Society Kota Kinabalu, Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - James G Beeson
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Nicholas M Anstey
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Society Kota Kinabalu, Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Michelle J Boyle
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia.,Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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50
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Bartsch YC, Eschweiler S, Leliavski A, Lunding HB, Wagt S, Petry J, Lilienthal GM, Rahmöller J, de Haan N, Hölscher A, Erapaneedi R, Giannou AD, Aly L, Sato R, de Neef LA, Winkler A, Braumann D, Hobusch J, Kuhnigk K, Krémer V, Steinhaus M, Blanchard V, Gemoll T, Habermann JK, Collin M, Salinas G, Manz RA, Fukuyama H, Korn T, Waisman A, Yogev N, Huber S, Rabe B, Rose-John S, Busch H, Berberich-Siebelt F, Hölscher C, Wuhrer M, Ehlers M. IgG Fc sialylation is regulated during the germinal center reaction following immunization with different adjuvants. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 146:652-666.e11. [PMID: 32445838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effector functions of IgG Abs are regulated by their Fc N-glycosylation pattern. IgG Fc glycans that lack galactose and terminal sialic acid residues correlate with the severity of inflammatory (auto)immune disorders and have also been linked to protection against viral infection and discussed in the context of vaccine-induced protection. In contrast, sialylated IgG Abs have shown immunosuppressive effects. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate IgG glycosylation programming during the germinal center (GC) reaction following immunization of mice with a foreign protein antigen and different adjuvants. METHODS Mice were analyzed for GC T-cell, B-cell, and plasma cell responses, as well as for antigen-specific serum IgG subclass titers and Fc glycosylation patterns. RESULTS Different adjuvants induce distinct IgG+ GC B-cell responses with specific transcriptomes and expression levels of the α2,6-sialyltransferase responsible for IgG sialylation that correspond to distinct serum IgG Fc glycosylation patterns. Low IgG Fc sialylation programming in GC B cells was overall highly dependent on the Foxp3- follicular helper T (TFH) cell-inducing cytokine IL-6, here in particular induced by water-in-oil adjuvants and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Furthermore, low IgG Fc sialylation programming was dependent on adjuvants that induced IL-27 receptor-dependent IFN-γ+ TFH1 cells, IL-6/IL-23-dependent IL-17A+ TFH17 cells, and high ratios of TFH cells to Foxp3+ follicular regulatory T cells. Here, the 2 latter were dependent on M tuberculosis and its cord factor. CONCLUSION This study's findings regarding adjuvant-dependent GC responses and IgG glycosylation programming may aid in the development of novel vaccination strategies to induce IgG Abs with both high affinity and defined Fc glycosylation patterns in the GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannic C Bartsch
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Simon Eschweiler
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexei Leliavski
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hanna B Lunding
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sander Wagt
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Janina Petry
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gina-Maria Lilienthal
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Johann Rahmöller
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Noortje de Haan
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Raghu Erapaneedi
- Institute for Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anastasios D Giannou
- First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lilian Aly
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Germany
| | - Ryota Sato
- Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Louise A de Neef
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - André Winkler
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; Laboratory of Tolerance and Autoimmunity at the German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominique Braumann
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Hobusch
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kyra Kuhnigk
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Vanessa Krémer
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Moritz Steinhaus
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Véronique Blanchard
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timo Gemoll
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology & Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jens K Habermann
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology & Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mattias Collin
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- NGS-Integrative Genomics, Institute Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rudolf A Manz
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hidehiro Fukuyama
- Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Thomas Korn
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, SyNergy, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nir Yogev
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn Rabe
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Hauke Busch
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Friederike Berberich-Siebelt
- Institute for Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Hölscher
- Infection Immunology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Borstel, Germany
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Ehlers
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; Laboratory of Tolerance and Autoimmunity at the German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany; Airway Research Center North, University of Lübeck, German Center for Lung Research, Lübeck, Germany.
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