1
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Lee MJ, Hammouda MB, Miao W, Okafor A, Jin Y, Sun H, Jain V, Markovtsov V, Diao Y, Gregory SG, Zhang JY. UBE2N is essential for maintenance of skin homeostasis and suppression of inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00376-2. [PMID: 38796140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
UBE2N, a Lys63-ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, plays critical roles in embryogenesis and immune system development and function. However, its roles in adult epithelial tissue homeostasis and pathogenesis are unclear. We generated conditional mouse models that deleted Ube2n in skin cells in a temporally and spatially controlled manner. We found that Ube2n-knockout (KO) in the adult skin keratinocytes induced a range of inflammatory skin defects characteristic of psoriatic and actinic keratosis. These included inflammation, epidermal and dermal thickening, parakeratosis, and increased immune cell infiltration, as well as signs of edema and blistering. Single cell transcriptomic analyses and RT-qPCR showed that Ube2n KO keratinocytes expressed elevated myeloid cell chemo-attractants such as Cxcl1 and Cxcl2 and decreased the homeostatic T lymphocyte chemo-attractant Ccl27a. Consistently, the infiltrating immune cells were predominantly myeloid-derived cells including neutrophils and M1-like macrophages that expressed high levels of inflammatory cytokines such as Il1β and Il24. Pharmacological blockade of the IL-1 receptor associated kinases (IRAK1/4) alleviated inflammation, epidermal and dermal thickening, and immune infiltration of the Ube2n mutant skin. Together, these findings highlight a key role of keratinocyte-UBE2N in maintenance of epidermal homeostasis and skin immunity, and identify IRAK1/4 as potential therapeutic target for inflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jin Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Wanying Miao
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Arinze Okafor
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yingai Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Huiying Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Vaibhav Jain
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Yarui Diao
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Y Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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2
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Zhou L, Bi Y, Wu X, He H. High keratin 15 expression reflects favorable prognosis in early cervical cancer patients. Ir J Med Sci 2024:10.1007/s11845-024-03686-6. [PMID: 38639842 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-024-03686-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Keratin 15 (KRT15) exhibits inconsistent prognostic roles in different cancers, and its prognostic value in early cervical cancer patients who receive tumor resection remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the relationship of KRT15 expression with prognosis in these patients. METHODS Totally, 147 early cervical cancer patients who received tumor resection were reviewed in this retrospective study. KRT15 was detected in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue by immunohistochemistry (IHC). KRT15 IHC scores were computed by multiplying the percentage of positively stained cells (scored as 0-4) and corresponding staining intensity (scored as 0-3), ranging from 0 to 12. RESULTS Elevated KRT15 IHC score was linked with moderate to well differentiation (P = 0.005), tumor size ≤ 4 cm (P = 0.017), and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage Ia/Ib (P < 0.001). KRT15 IHC score was inversely associated with adjuvant radiotherapy (P = 0.025) and adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.016). KRT15 IHC score ≥ 1 was linked with increased disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.003) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.049). Meanwhile, KRT15 IHC score ≥ 1 independently predicted increased DFS (hazard ratio = 0.213, P = 0.017), but not OS (P > 0.05). KRT15 IHC score ≥ 3 and KRT15 IHC score ≥ 6 could not predict DFS or OS (all P > 0.05). By subgroup analyses, KRT15 IHC score ≥ 1 forecasted favorable DFS in patients with age > 45 years, human papillomavirus-positive, squamous carcinoma, and tumor size ≤ 4 cm (all P < 0.05). KRT15 IHC score ≥ 1 and KRT15 IHC score ≥ 3 predicted ascended DFS in patients without adjuvant radiotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION High KRT15 expression reflects favorable tumor features and longer survival in early cervical cancer patients who receive tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China.
| | - Ying Bi
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Wuhan Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan, 430015, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China
| | - Hong He
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China
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3
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Goggans KR, Belyaeva OV, Klyuyeva AV, Studdard J, Slay A, Newman RB, VanBuren CA, Everts HB, Kedishvili NY. Epidermal retinol dehydrogenases cyclically regulate stem cell markers and clock genes and influence hair composition. Commun Biol 2024; 7:453. [PMID: 38609439 PMCID: PMC11014975 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The hair follicle (HF) is a self-renewing adult miniorgan that undergoes drastic metabolic and morphological changes during precisely timed cyclic organogenesis. The HF cycle is known to be regulated by steroid hormones, growth factors and circadian clock genes. Recent data also suggest a role for a vitamin A derivative, all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), the activating ligand of transcription factors, retinoic acid receptors, in the regulation of the HF cycle. Here we demonstrate that ATRA signaling cycles during HF regeneration and this pattern is disrupted by genetic deletion of epidermal retinol dehydrogenases 2 (RDHE2, SDR16C5) and RDHE2-similar (RDHE2S, SDR16C6) that catalyze the rate-limiting step in ATRA biosynthesis. Deletion of RDHEs results in accelerated anagen to catagen and telogen to anagen transitions, altered HF composition, reduced levels of HF stem cell markers, and dysregulated circadian clock gene expression, suggesting a broad role of RDHEs in coordinating multiple signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli R Goggans
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Olga V Belyaeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Alla V Klyuyeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jacob Studdard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Aja Slay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Regina B Newman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Christine A VanBuren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Helen B Everts
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA.
| | - Natalia Y Kedishvili
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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4
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Bertolini M, Gherardini J, Chéret J, Alam M, Sulk M, Botchkareva NV, Biro T, Funk W, Grieshaber F, Paus R. Mechanical epilation exerts complex biological effects on human hair follicles and perifollicular skin: An ex vivo study approach. Int J Cosmet Sci 2024; 46:175-198. [PMID: 37923568 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Electrical epilation of unwanted hair is a widely used hair removal method, but it is largely unknown how this affects the biology of human hair follicles (HF) and perifollicular skin. Here, we have begun to explore how mechanical epilation changes selected key biological read-out parameters ex vivo within and around the pilosebaceous unit. METHODS Human full-thickness scalp skin samples were epilated ex vivo using an electro-mechanical device, organ-cultured for up to 6 days in serum-free, supplemented medium, and assessed at different time points by quantitative (immuno-)histomorphometry for selected relevant read-out parameters in epilated and sham-epilated control samples. RESULTS Epilation removed most of the hair shafts, often together with fragments of the outer and inner root sheath and hair matrix. This was associated with persistent focal thinning of the HF basal membrane, decreased melanin content of the residual HF epithelium, and increased HF keratinocyte apoptosis, including in the bulge, yet without affecting the number of cytokeratin 15+ HF epithelial stem cells. Sebocyte apoptosis in the peripheral zone was increased, albeit without visibly altering sebum production. Epilation transiently perturbed HF immune privilege, and increased the expression of ICAM-1 in the bulge and bulb mesenchyme, and the number of perifollicular MHC class II+ cells as well as mast cells around the distal epithelium and promoted mast cell degranulation around the suprabulbar and bulbar area. Moreover, compared to controls, several key players of neurogenic skin inflammation, itch, and/or thermosensation (TRPV1, TRPA1, NGF, and NKR1) were differentially expressed in post-epilation skin. CONCLUSION These data generated in denervated, organ-cultured human scalp skin demonstrate that epilation-induced mechanical HF trauma elicits surprisingly complex biological responses. These may contribute to the delayed re-growth of thinner and lighter hair shafts post-epilation and temporary post-epilation discomfort. Our findings also provide pointers regarding the development of topically applicable agents that minimize undesirable sequelae of epilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bertolini
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Münster, Germany
| | - Jennifer Gherardini
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Münster, Germany
- Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jérémy Chéret
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Münster, Germany
- Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Majid Alam
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Qatar Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mathias Sulk
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Natalia V Botchkareva
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tamas Biro
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Münster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Funk
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dr. Dr. med. Funk, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Paus
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Münster, Germany
- Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- CUTANEON - Skin & Hair Innovations, Hamburg, Germany
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5
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Liang W, Zhao Y, Cai B, Huang Y, Chen X, Ni N, Wang Y, Lin Z, Lin C, Huang K. Psychological stress induces hair regenerative disorders through corticotropin-releasing hormone-mediated autophagy inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 699:149564. [PMID: 38277725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Psychosocial stress is increasing, causing a growing number of people to suffer from hair loss. Stress-related corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is associated with hair loss, but the mechanism by which hair follicles respond to stress and CRH remain poorly understood. The aim of the study is to elucidate the association between CRH and stress-related hair regenerative disorders, and reveal the potential pathological mechanisms. A chronic unpredictable stress mouse model and a chronic social defeat stress mouse model were used to examine the role of CRH and stress-related hair regrowth. Chronic unpredictable stress and chronic social defeat stress increased the expression of CRH and CRH receptors (CRHRs), and contributed to the onset of hair-cycle abnormalities. Psychoemotional stress and stress-related CRH blocked hair follicle regrowth, which could be restored by astressin, a CRHR antagonist. Long-term exposure to either chronic unpredictable stress or CRH induced a decrease in autophagy, which could be partially rescued by astressin. Activating CRHR, by stress or CRH administration, decreased autophagy via the mTOR-ULK1 signaling pathway to mediate hair regenerative disorders, which could be partially reversed through enhancing autophagy by administration of brefeldin A. These findings indicate that CRH-mediated autophagy inhibition play an important role in stress-induced hair regenerative disorders. CRH regulates the local hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis of hair follicles, but also plays an independent pathogenic role in stress-related hair regenerative disorders through CRH-mediated autophagy inhibition. This work contributes to the present understanding of hair loss and suggests that enhancing autophagy may have a therapeutic effect on stress-induced hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzi Liang
- Shantou University Mental Health Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Yinglin Zhao
- Shantou University Mental Health Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Bozhi Cai
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Yuxin Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Xiuwen Chen
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Na Ni
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Yingshan Wang
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Zhaoping Lin
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Changmin Lin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China.
| | - Keng Huang
- Emergency Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China.
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6
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Sireesha K, Samundeshwari EL, Surekha K, Chandrasekhar C, Sarma PVGK. In vitro generation of epidermal keratinocytes from human CD34-positive hematopoietic stem cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:236-248. [PMID: 38502372 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The epidermis is largely composed of keratinocytes (KCs), and the proliferation and differentiation of KCs from the stratum basale to the stratum corneum is the cellular hierarchy present in the epidermis. In this study, we explore the differentiation abilities of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into KCs. Cultured HSCs positive for CD34, CD45, and CD133 with prominent telomerase activity were induced with keratinocyte differentiation medium (KDM), which is composed of bovine pituitary extract (BPE), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin, hydrocortisone, epinephrine, transferrin, calcium chloride (CaCl2), bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), and retinoic acid (RA). Differentiation was monitored through the expression of cytokeratin markers K5 (keratin 5), K14 (keratin 14), K10 (keratin 10), K1 (keratin 1), transglutaminase 1 (TGM1), involucrin (IVL), and filaggrin (FLG) on day 0 (D0), day 6 (D6), day 11 (D11), day 18 (D18), day 24 (D24), and day 30 (D30) using immunocytochemistry, fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, qPCR, and Western blotting. The results revealed the expression of K5 and K14 genes in D6 cells (early keratinocytes), K10 and K1 genes in D11-D18 cells (mature keratinocytes) with active telomerase enzyme, and FLG, IVL, and TGM1 in D18-D24 cells (terminal keratinocytes), and by D30, the KCs were completely enucleated similar to cornified matrix. This method of differentiation of HSCs to KCs explains the cellular order exists in the normal epidermis and opens the possibility of exploring the use of human HSCs in the epidermal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodavala Sireesha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences and University, Tirupati, 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Kattaru Surekha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences and University, Tirupati, 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Chodimella Chandrasekhar
- Department of Hematology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
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7
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Lee MJ, Hammouda MB, Miao W, Okafor A, Jin Y, Sun H, Jain V, Markovtsov V, Diao Y, Gregory SG, Zhang JY. UBE2N is essential for maintenance of skin homeostasis and suppression of inflammation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.01.569631. [PMID: 38105982 PMCID: PMC10723344 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.01.569631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
UBE2N, a Lys63-ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, plays critical roles in embryogenesis and immune system development and function. However, its roles in adult epithelial tissue homeostasis and pathogenesis are unclear. We generated conditional mouse models that deleted Ube2n in skin cells in a temporally and spatially controlled manner. We found that Ube2n-knockout (KO) in the adult skin keratinocytes induced a range of inflammatory skin defects characteristic of psoriatic and actinic keratosis. These included eczematous inflammation, epidermal and dermal thickening, parakeratosis, and increased immune cell infiltration, as well as signs of edema and blistering. Single cell transcriptomic analyses and RT-qPCR showed that Ube2n KO keratinocytes expressed elevated myeloid cell chemo-attractants such as Cxcl1 and Cxcl2 and decreased the homeostatic T lymphocyte chemo-attractant, Ccl27a. Consistently, the infiltrating immune cells of Ube2n-KO skin were predominantly myeloid-derived cells including neutrophils and M1-like macrophages that were highly inflammatory, as indicated by expression of Il1β and Il24. Pharmacological blockade of the IL-1 receptor associated kinases (IRAK1/4) alleviated eczema, epidermal and dermal thickening, and immune infiltration of the Ube2n mutant skin. Together, these findings highlight a key role of keratinocyte-UBE2N in maintenance of epidermal homeostasis and skin immunity and identify IRAK1/4 as potential therapeutic target for inflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jin Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Wanying Miao
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Arinze Okafor
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yingai Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Huiying Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Vaibhav Jain
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Yarui Diao
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Y Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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8
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Czyz CM, Kunth PW, Gruber F, Kremslehner C, Hammers CM, Hundt JE. Requisite instruments for the establishment of three-dimensional epidermal human skin equivalents-A methods review. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1870-1883. [PMID: 37605856 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Human skin equivalents (HSEs) are three-dimensional skin organ culture models raised in vitro. This review gives an overview of common techniques for setting up HSEs. The HSE consists of an artificial dermis and epidermis. 3T3-J2 murine fibroblasts, purchased human fibroblasts or freshly isolated and cultured fibroblasts, together with other components, for example, collagen type I, are used to build the scaffold. Freshly isolated and cultured keratinocytes are seeded on top. It is possible to add other cell types, for example, melanocytes, to the HSE-depending on the research question. After several days and further steps, the 3D skin can be harvested. Additionally, we show possible markers and techniques for evaluation of artificial skin. Furthermore, we provide a comparison of HSEs to human skin organ culture, a model which employs human donor skin. We outline advantages and limitations of both models and discuss future perspectives in using HSEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christianna Marie Czyz
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paul Werner Kunth
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Florian Gruber
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Analytical Imaging of Aging and Senescence - SKINMAGINE, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Kremslehner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Analytical Imaging of Aging and Senescence - SKINMAGINE, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Matthias Hammers
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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9
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Sveen LR, Robinson N, Krasnov A, Daniels RR, Vaadal M, Karlsen C, Ytteborg E, Robledo D, Salisbury S, Dagnachew B, Lazado CC, Tengs T. Transcriptomic landscape of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) skin. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2023; 13:jkad215. [PMID: 37724757 PMCID: PMC10627282 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present the first spatial transcriptomic atlas of Atlantic salmon skin using the Visium Spatial Gene Expression protocol. We utilized frozen skin tissue from 4 distinct sites, namely the operculum, pectoral and caudal fins, and scaly skin at the flank of the fish close to the lateral line, obtained from 2 Atlantic salmon (150 g). High-quality frozen tissue sections were obtained by embedding tissue in optimal cutting temperature media prior to freezing and sectioning. Further, we generated libraries and spatial transcriptomic maps, achieving a minimum of 80 million reads per sample with mapping efficiencies ranging from 79.3 to 89.4%. Our analysis revealed the detection of over 80,000 transcripts and nearly 30,000 genes in each sample. Among the tissue types observed in the skin, the epithelial tissues exhibited the highest number of transcripts (unique molecular identifier counts), followed by muscle tissue, loose and fibrous connective tissue, and bone. Notably, the widest nodes in the transcriptome network were shared among the epithelial clusters, while dermal tissues showed less consistency, which is likely attributable to the presence of multiple cell types at different body locations. Additionally, we identified collagen type 1 as the most prominent gene family in the skin, while keratins were found to be abundant in the epithelial tissue. Furthermore, we successfully identified gene markers specific to epithelial tissue, bone, and mesenchyme. To validate their expression patterns, we conducted a meta-analysis of the microarray database, which confirmed high expression levels of these markers in mucosal organs, skin, gills, and the olfactory rosette.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicholas Robinson
- Nofima, Fish Health, Tromsø NO-9291, Norway
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | | | - Rose Ruiz Daniels
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
| | | | | | | | - Diego Robledo
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Sarah Salisbury
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
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10
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Sharma A, Mohapatra H, Arora K, Babbar R, Arora R, Arora P, Kumar P, Algın Yapar E, Rani K, Meenu M, Babu MA, Kaur M, Sindhu RK. Bioactive Compound-Loaded Nanocarriers for Hair Growth Promotion: Current Status and Future Perspectives. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3739. [PMID: 37960095 PMCID: PMC10649697 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Hair loss (alopecia) has a multitude of causes, and the problem is still poorly defined. For curing alopecia, therapies are available in both natural and synthetic forms; however, natural remedies are gaining popularity due to the multiple effects of complex phytoconstituents on the scalp with fewer side effects. Evidence-based hair growth promotion by some plants has been reported for both traditional and advanced treatment approaches. Nanoarchitectonics may have the ability to evolve in the field of hair- and scalp-altering products and treatments, giving new qualities to hair that can be an effective protective layer or a technique to recover lost hair. This review will provide insights into several plant and herbal formulations that have been reported for the prevention of hair loss and stimulation of new hair growth. This review also focuses on the molecular mechanisms of hair growth/loss, several isolated phytoconstituents with hair growth-promoting properties, patents, in vivo evaluation of hair growth-promoting activity, and recent nanoarchitectonic technologies that have been explored for hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Bhoranj (Tikker–Kharwarian), Hamirpur 176041, India;
| | - Harapriya Mohapatra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (H.M.); (K.A.); (R.B.); (R.A.); (P.A.); (K.R.)
| | - Kanika Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (H.M.); (K.A.); (R.B.); (R.A.); (P.A.); (K.R.)
| | - Ritchu Babbar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (H.M.); (K.A.); (R.B.); (R.A.); (P.A.); (K.R.)
| | - Rashmi Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (H.M.); (K.A.); (R.B.); (R.A.); (P.A.); (K.R.)
| | - Poonam Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (H.M.); (K.A.); (R.B.); (R.A.); (P.A.); (K.R.)
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa;
| | - Evren Algın Yapar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Türkiye;
| | - Kailash Rani
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (H.M.); (K.A.); (R.B.); (R.A.); (P.A.); (K.R.)
| | - Maninder Meenu
- Department of Agri-Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali 143005, India;
| | | | - Maninderjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India;
| | - Rakesh K. Sindhu
- School of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201306, India
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11
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Motter Catarino C, Cigaran Schuck D, Dechiario L, Karande P. Incorporation of hair follicles in 3D bioprinted models of human skin. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg0297. [PMID: 37831765 PMCID: PMC10575578 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg0297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Current approaches fail to adequately introduce complex adnexal structures such as hair follicles within tissue engineered models of skin. Here, we report on the use of 3D bioprinting to incorporate these structures in engineered skin tissues. Spheroids, induced by printing dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and human umbilical vein cells (HUVECs), were precisely printed within a pregelled dermal layer containing fibroblasts. The resulting tissue developed hair follicle-like structures upon maturation, supported by migration of keratinocytes and melanocytes, and their morphology and composition grossly mimicked that of the native skin tissue. Reconstructed skin models with increased complexity that better mimic native adnexal structures can have a substantial impact on regenerative medicine as grafts and efficacy models to test the safety of chemical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Motter Catarino
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
- Grupo Boticário, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Lexi Dechiario
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Pankaj Karande
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
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12
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Bardag Gorce F, Al Dahan M, Narwani K, Terrazas J, Ferrini M, Calhoun CC, Uyanne J, Royce-Flores J, Crum E, Niihara Y. Human Oral Mucosa as a Potentially Effective Source of Neural Crest Stem Cells for Clinical Practice. Cells 2023; 12:2216. [PMID: 37759439 PMCID: PMC10526281 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We report in this study on the isolation and expansion of neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) from the epithelium of oral mucosa (OM) using reagents that are GMP-certified and FDA-approved for clinical use. Characterization analysis showed that the levels of keratins K2, K6C, K4, K13, K31, and K15-specific to OM epithelial cells-were significantly lower in the experimental NCSCs. While SOX10 was decreased with no statistically significant difference, the earliest neural crest specifier genes SNAI1/2, Ap2a, Ap2c, SOX9, SOX30, Pax3, and Twist1 showed a trend in increased expression in NCSCs. In addition, proteins of Oct4, Nestin and Noth1 were found to be greatly expressed, confirming NCSC multipotency. In conclusion, our study showed that the epithelium of OM contains NCSCs that can be isolated and expanded with clinical-grade reagents to supply the demand for multipotent cells required for clinical applications in regenerative medicine. Supported by Emmaus Medical Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzia Bardag Gorce
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Department of Surgery Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Mais Al Dahan
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Department of Surgery Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Kavita Narwani
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
| | - Jesus Terrazas
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Monica Ferrini
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Colonya C. Calhoun
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
- Department of Surgery, UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jettie Uyanne
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Department of Surgery Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jun Royce-Flores
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Department of Surgery Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
- UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eric Crum
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Department of Surgery Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
- Department of Surgery, UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yutaka Niihara
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
- Emmaus Medical, Inc., Torrance, CA 90503, USA
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13
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Yin Y, Zhang Y, Hua Z, Wu A, Pan X, Yang J, Wang X. Muscle transcriptome analysis provides new insights into the growth gap between fast- and slow-growing Sinocyclocheilus grahami. Front Genet 2023; 14:1217952. [PMID: 37538358 PMCID: PMC10394708 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1217952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinocyclocheilus grahami is an economically valuable and famous fish in Yunnan Province, China. However, given its slow growth (40 g/2 years) and large growth differences among individuals, its growth performance needs to be improved for sustainable future use, in which molecular breeding technology can play an important role. In the current study, we conducted muscle transcriptomic analysis to investigate the growth gaps among individuals and the mechanism underlying growth within 14 fast- and 14 slow-growth S. grahami. In total, 1,647 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained, including 947 up-regulated and 700 down-regulated DEGs in fast-growth group. Most DEGs were significantly enriched in ECM-receptor interaction, starch and sucrose metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, amino acids biosynthesis and metabolism, peroxisome, and PPAR signaling pathway. Some genes related to glycogen degradation, glucose transport, and glycolysis (e.g., adipoq, prkag1, slc2a1, agl, pygm, pgm1, pfkm, gapdh, aldoa, pgk1, pgam2, bpgm, and eno3) were up-regulated, while some genes related to fatty acid degradation and transport (e.g., acox1, acaa1, fabp1b.1, slc27a1, and slc27a2) and amino acid metabolism (e.g., agxt, shmt1, glula, and cth) were down-regulated in the fast-growth group. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified col1a1, col1a2, col5a1, col6a2, col10a1, col26a1, bglap, and krt15 as crucial genes for S. grahami growth. Several genes related to bone and muscle growth (e.g., bmp2, bmp3, tgfb1, tgfb2, gdf10, and myog) were also up-regulated in the fast-growth group. These results suggest that fast-growth fish may uptake adequate energy (e.g., glucose, fatty acid, and amino acids) from fodder, with excess energy substances used to synthesize collagen to accelerate bone and muscle growth after normal life activities are maintained. Moreover, energy uptake may be the root cause, while collagen synthesis may be the direct reason for the growth gap between fast- and slow-growth fish. Hence, improving food intake and collagen synthesis may be crucial for accelerating S. grahami growth, and further research is required to fully understand and confirm these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Plateau-Lake Health and Restoration, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Plateau-Lake Health and Restoration, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zexiang Hua
- Fishery Technology Extension Station of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Anli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Plateau-Lake Health and Restoration, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaofu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Plateau-Lake Health and Restoration, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Junxing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Plateau-Lake Health and Restoration, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Plateau-Lake Health and Restoration, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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14
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Bedard MC, Chihanga T, Carlile A, Jackson R, Brusadelli MG, Lee D, VonHandorf A, Rochman M, Dexheimer PJ, Chalmers J, Nuovo G, Lehn M, Williams DEJ, Kulkarni A, Carey M, Jackson A, Billingsley C, Tang A, Zender C, Patil Y, Wise-Draper TM, Herzog TJ, Ferris RL, Kendler A, Aronow BJ, Kofron M, Rothenberg ME, Weirauch MT, Van Doorslaer K, Wikenheiser-Brokamp KA, Lambert PF, Adam M, Steven Potter S, Wells SI. Single cell transcriptomic analysis of HPV16-infected epithelium identifies a keratinocyte subpopulation implicated in cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1975. [PMID: 37031202 PMCID: PMC10082832 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37377-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent HPV16 infection is a major cause of the global cancer burden. The viral life cycle is dependent on the differentiation program of stratified squamous epithelium, but the landscape of keratinocyte subpopulations which support distinct phases of the viral life cycle has yet to be elucidated. Here, single cell RNA sequencing of HPV16 infected compared to uninfected organoids identifies twelve distinct keratinocyte populations, with a subset mapped to reconstruct their respective 3D geography in stratified squamous epithelium. Instead of conventional terminally differentiated cells, an HPV-reprogrammed keratinocyte subpopulation (HIDDEN cells) forms the surface compartment and requires overexpression of the ELF3/ESE-1 transcription factor. HIDDEN cells are detected throughout stages of human carcinogenesis including primary human cervical intraepithelial neoplasias and HPV positive head and neck cancers, and a possible role in promoting viral carcinogenesis is supported by TCGA analyses. Single cell transcriptome information on HPV-infected versus uninfected epithelium will enable broader studies of the role of individual keratinocyte subpopulations in tumor virus infection and cancer evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Bedard
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Tafadzwa Chihanga
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Adrean Carlile
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Robert Jackson
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | | | - Denis Lee
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Andrew VonHandorf
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Mark Rochman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Phillip J Dexheimer
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Jeffrey Chalmers
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Gerard Nuovo
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Maria Lehn
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - David E J Williams
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- Medical Scientist Training M.D.-Ph.D. Program (MSTP), College of Medicine-Tucson, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Aditi Kulkarni
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Molly Carey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Amanda Jackson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Caroline Billingsley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Alice Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Chad Zender
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Yash Patil
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Trisha M Wise-Draper
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Thomas J Herzog
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Robert L Ferris
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Ady Kendler
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Bruce J Aronow
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Matthew Kofron
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
- Divisions of Human Genetics, Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Koenraad Van Doorslaer
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- The BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Kathryn A Wikenheiser-Brokamp
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
- Division of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and The Perinatal Institute Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Paul F Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Mike Adam
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
| | - S Steven Potter
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
| | - Susanne I Wells
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
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15
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Zhao P, Dang Z, Liu M, Guo D, Luo R, Zhang M, Xie F, Zhang X, Wang Y, Pan S, Ma X. Molecular hydrogen promotes wound healing by inducing early epidermal stem cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:22. [PMID: 36973725 PMCID: PMC10044764 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00271-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite progress in developing wound care strategies, there is currently no treatment that promotes the self-tissue repair capabilities. H2 has been shown to effectively protect cells and tissues from oxidative and inflammatory damage. While comprehensive effects and how H2 functions in wound healing remains unknown, especially for the link between H2 and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) activation. METHODS Here, we established a cutaneous aseptic wound model and applied a high concentration of H2 (66% H2) in a treatment chamber. Molecular mechanisms and the effects of healing were evaluated by gene functional enrichment analysis, digital spatial profiler analysis, blood perfusion/oxygen detection assay, in vitro tube formation assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescent staining, non-targeted metabonomic analysis, flow cytometry, transmission electron microscope, and live-cell imaging. RESULTS We revealed that a high concentration of H2 (66% H2) greatly increased the healing rate (3 times higher than the control group) on day 11 post-wounding. The effect was not dependent on O2 or anti-reactive oxygen species functions. Histological and cellular experiments proved the fast re-epithelialization in the H2 group. ECM components early (3 days post-wounding) deposition were found in the H2 group of the proximal wound, especially for the dermal col-I, epidermal col-III, and dermis-epidermis-junction col-XVII. H2 accelerated early autologous EpSCs proliferation (1-2 days in advance) and then differentiation into myoepithelial cells. These epidermal myoepithelial cells could further contribute to ECM deposition. Other beneficial outcomes include sustained moist healing, greater vascularization, less T-helper-1 and T-helper-17 cell-related systemic inflammation, and better tissue remodelling. CONCLUSION We have discovered a novel pattern of wound healing induced by molecular hydrogen treatment. This is the first time to reveal the direct link between H2 and ECM deposition and EpSCs activation. These H2-induced multiple advantages in healing may be related to the enhancement of cell viability in various cells and the maintenance of mitochondrial functions at a basic level in the biological processes of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Zhao
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Antivirus Drug, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Dang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Antivirus Drug, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Liu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Antivirus Drug, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
| | - Dazhi Guo
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiliu Luo
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Antivirus Drug, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzi Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan campus), No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xie
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Antivirus Drug, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
| | - Xujuan Zhang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Antivirus Drug, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
| | - Youbin Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan campus), No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyi Pan
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Ma
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Antivirus Drug, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Ievlev V, Lynch TJ, Freischlag KW, Gries CB, Shah A, Pai AC, Ahlers BA, Park S, Engelhardt JF, Parekh KR. Krt14 and Krt15 differentially regulate regenerative properties and differentiation potential of airway basal cells. JCI Insight 2023; 8:162041. [PMID: 36512409 PMCID: PMC9977304 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.162041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratin expression dynamically changes in airway basal cells (BCs) after acute and chronic injury, yet the functional consequences of these changes on BC behavior remain unknown. In bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) after lung transplantation, BC clonogenicity declines, which is associated with a switch from keratin15 (Krt15) to keratin14 (Krt14). We investigated these keratins' roles using Crispr-KO in vitro and in vivo and found that Krt14-KO and Krt15-KO produce contrasting phenotypes in terms of differentiation and clonogenicity. Primary mouse Krt14-KO BCs did not differentiate into club and ciliated cells but had enhanced clonogenicity. By contrast, Krt15-KO did not alter BC differentiation but impaired clonogenicity in vitro and reduced the number of label-retaining BCs in vivo after injury. Krt14, but not Krt15, bound the tumor suppressor stratifin (Sfn). Disruption of Krt14, but not of Krt15, reduced Sfn protein abundance and increased expression of the oncogene dNp63a during BC differentiation, whereas dNp63a levels were reduced in Krt15-KO BCs. Overall, the phenotype of Krt15-KO BCs contrasts with Krt14-KO phenotype and resembles the phenotype in BO with decreased clonogenicity, increased Krt14, and decreased dNp63a expression. This work demonstrates that Krt14 and Krt15 functionally regulate BC behavior, which is relevant in chronic disease states like BO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Ievlev
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Thomas J. Lynch
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Kyle W. Freischlag
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Caitlyn B. Gries
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Anit Shah
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Albert C. Pai
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Bethany A. Ahlers
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Soo Park
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - John F. Engelhardt
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Kalpaj R. Parekh
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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17
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Full Skin Equivalent Models for Simulation of Burn Wound Healing, Exploring Skin Regeneration and Cytokine Response. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14010029. [PMID: 36662076 PMCID: PMC9864292 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Healing of burn injury is a complex process that often leads to the development of functional and aesthetic complications. To study skin regeneration in more detail, organotypic skin models, such as full skin equivalents (FSEs) generated from dermal matrices, can be used. Here, FSEs were generated using de-epidermalized dermis (DED) and collagen matrices MatriDerm® and Mucomaix®. Our aim was to validate the MatriDerm- and Mucomaix-based FSEs for the use as in vitro models of wound healing. Therefore, we first characterized the FSEs in terms of skin development and cell proliferation. Proper dermal and epidermal morphogenesis was established in all FSEs and was comparable to ex vivo human skin models. Extension of culture time improved the organization of the epidermal layers and the basement membrane in MatriDerm-based FSE but resulted in rapid degradation of the Mucomaix-based FSE. After applying a standardized burn injury to the models, re-epithelization occurred in the DED- and MatriDerm-based FSEs at 2 weeks after injury, similar to ex vivo human skin. High levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were present in the culture media of all models, but no significant differences were observed between models. We anticipate that these animal-free in vitro models can facilitate research on skin regeneration and can be used to test therapeutic interventions in a preclinical setting to improve wound healing.
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Liu WX, Tan SJ, Wang YF, Zhang FL, Feng YQ, Ge W, Dyce PW, Reiter RJ, Shen W, Cheng SF. Melatonin promotes the proliferation of primordial germ cell-like cells derived from porcine skin-derived stem cells: A mechanistic analysis. J Pineal Res 2022; 73:e12833. [PMID: 36106819 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In vitro differentiation of stem cells into functional gametes remains of great interest in the biomedical field. Skin-derived stem cells (SDSCs) are an adult stem cells that provides a wide range of clinical applications without inherent ethical restrictions. In this paper, porcine SDSCs were successfully differentiated into primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) in conditioned media. The PGCLCs were characterized in terms of cell morphology, marker gene expression, and epigenetic properties. Furthermore, we also found that 25 μM melatonin (MLT) significantly increased the proliferation of the SDSC-derived PGCLCs while acting through the MLT receptor type 1 (MT1). RNA-seq results found the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was more active when PGCLCs were cultured with MLT. Moreover, the effect of MLT was attenuated by the use of S26131 (MT1 antagonist), crenolanib (platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhibitor), U0126 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor), or CCG-1423 (serum response factor transcription inhibitor), suggesting that MLT promotes the proliferation processes through the MAPK pathway. Taken together, this study highlights the role of MLT in promoting PGCLCs proliferation. Importantly, this study provides a suitable in vitro model for use in translational studies and could help to answer numerous remaining questions related to germ cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xiang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Shao-Jing Tan
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fa-Li Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Qing Feng
- School Hospital, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Ge
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Paul W Dyce
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shun-Feng Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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19
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Riedl JA, Riddle M, Xia L, Eide C, Boull C, Ebens CL, Tolar J. Interrogation of RDEB Epidermal Allografts after BMT Reveals Coexpression of Collagen VII and Keratin 15 with Proinflammatory Immune Cells and Fibroblasts. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2424-2434. [PMID: 35304249 PMCID: PMC9391265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a devastating genodermatosis characterized by dysfunctional collagen VII protein resulting in epithelial blistering of the skin, mucosa, and gastrointestinal tract. There is no cure for RDEB, but improvement of clinical phenotype has been achieved with bone marrow transplantation and subsequent epidermal allografting from the bone marrow transplant donor. Epidermal allografting of these patients has decreased wound surface area for up to 3 years after treatment. This study aimed to determine the phenotype of the epidermal allograft cells responsible for durable persistence of wound healing and skin integrity. We found that epidermal allografts provide basal keratinocytes coexpressing collagen VII and basal stem cell marker keratin 15. Characterization of RDEB full-thickness skin biopsies with single-cell RNA sequencing uncovered proinflammatory immune and fibroblast phenotypes potentially driven by the local environment of RDEB skin. This is further highlighted by the presence of a myofibroblast population, which has not been described in healthy control human skin. Finally, we found inflammatory fibroblasts expressing profibrotic gene POSTN, which may have implications in the development of squamous cell carcinoma, a common, lethal complication of RDEB that lacks curative treatment. In conclusion, this study provides insights into and targets for future RDEB studies and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Riedl
- Medical Scientist Training Program (MD/PhD), Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Stem Cell Institute, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Megan Riddle
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lily Xia
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Cindy Eide
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christina Boull
- Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christen L Ebens
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
| | - Jakub Tolar
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Stem Cell Institute, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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20
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Human Umbilical Cord Lining-Derived Epithelial Cells: A Potential Source of Non-Native Epithelial Cells That Accelerate Healing in a Porcine Cutaneous Wound Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168918. [PMID: 36012184 PMCID: PMC9408523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord lining epithelial cells [CLECs) are naïve in nature and can be ethically recovered from cords that are routinely discarded. The success of using oral mucosal epithelial cells for cornea defects hints at the feasibility of treating cutaneous wounds using non-native CLECs. Herein, we characterized CLECs using flow cytometry (FC) and skin organotypic cultures in direct comparison with skin keratinocytes (KCs). This was followed by wound healing study to compare the effects of CLEC application and the traditional use of human skin allografts (HSGs) in a porcine wound model. While CLECs were found to express all the epidermal cell markers probed, the major difference between CLECs and KCs lies in the level of expression (in FC analysis) as well as in the location of expression (of the epithelium in organotypic cultures) of some of the basal cell markers probed. On the pig wounds, CLEC application promoted accelerated healing with no adverse reaction compared to HSG use. Though CLECs, like HSGs, elicited high levels of local and systemic immune responses in the animals during the first week, these effects were tapered off more quickly in the CLEC-treated group. Overall, the in vivo porcine data point to the potential of CLECs as a non-native and safe source of cells to treat cutaneous wounds.
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21
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Ductal keratin 15 + luminal progenitors in normal breast exhibit a basal-like breast cancer transcriptomic signature. NPJ Breast Cancer 2022; 8:81. [PMID: 35821504 PMCID: PMC9276673 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-022-00444-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal breast luminal epithelial progenitors have been implicated as cell of origin in basal-like breast cancer, but their anatomical localization remains understudied. Here, we combine collection under the microscope of organoids from reduction mammoplasties and single-cell mRNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of FACS-sorted luminal epithelial cells with multicolor imaging to profile ducts and terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs) and compare them with breast cancer subtypes. Unsupervised clustering reveals eleven distinct clusters and a differentiation trajectory starting with keratin 15+ (K15+) progenitors enriched in ducts. Spatial mapping of luminal progenitors is confirmed at the protein level by staining with critical duct markers. Comparison of the gene expression profiles of normal luminal cells with those of breast cancer subtypes suggests a strong correlation between normal breast ductal progenitors and basal-like breast cancer. We propose that K15+ basal-like breast cancers originate in ductal progenitors, which emphasizes the importance of not only lineages but also cellular position within the ductal-lobular tree.
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22
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4-Aminopyridine Induces Nerve Growth Factor to Improve Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071649. [PMID: 35884953 PMCID: PMC9313269 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of ways to enhance skin wound healing is of great importance due to the frequency of skin lesions. We discovered that 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a potassium channel blocker approved by the FDA for improving walking ability in multiple sclerosis, greatly enhances skin wound healing. Benefits included faster wound closure, restoration of normal-appearing skin architecture, and reinnervation. Hair follicle neogenesis within the healed wounds was increased, both histologically and by analysis of K15 and K17 expression. 4-AP increased levels of vimentin (fibroblasts) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA, collagen-producing myofibroblasts) in the healed dermis. 4-AP also increased neuronal regeneration with increased numbers of axons and S100+ Schwann cells (SCs), and increased expression of SRY-Box Transcription Factor 10 (SOX10). Treatment also increased levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), substance P, and nerve growth factor (NGF), important promoters of wound healing. In vitro studies demonstrated that 4-AP induced nerve growth factor and enhanced proliferation and migration of human keratinocytes. Thus, 4-AP enhanced many of the key attributes of successful wound healing and offers a promising new approach to enhance skin wound healing and tissue regeneration.
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23
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Transient expression of an adenine base editor corrects the Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome mutation and improves the skin phenotype in mice. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3068. [PMID: 35654881 PMCID: PMC9163128 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30800-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare premature ageing disorder caused by a point mutation in the LMNA gene (LMNA c.1824 C > T), resulting in the production of a detrimental protein called progerin. Adenine base editors recently emerged with a promising potential for HGPS gene therapy. However adeno-associated viral vector systems currently used in gene editing raise concerns, and the long-term effects of heterogeneous mutation correction in highly proliferative tissues like the skin are unknown. Here we use a non-integrative transient lentiviral vector system, expressing an adenine base editor to correct the HGPS mutation in the skin of HGPS mice. Transient adenine base editor expression corrected the mutation in 20.8-24.1% of the skin cells. Four weeks post delivery, the HGPS skin phenotype was improved and clusters of progerin-negative keratinocytes were detected, indicating that the mutation was corrected in both progenitor and differentiated skin cells. These results demonstrate that transient non-integrative viral vector mediated adenine base editor expression is a plausible approach for future gene-editing therapies.
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24
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Changes in Proteins in Saliva and Serum in Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome Using a Proteomic Approach. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12091169. [PMID: 35565595 PMCID: PMC9103582 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) is a highly prevalent disease with a major clinical importance due to its negative effects on the welfare and performance of horses. EGUS can be distinguished into two different diseases depending on which anatomical region is affected: equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD), in which there is a lesion in the glandular stomach, and equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD), in which the alteration appears in the non-glandular stomach. EGUS has nonspecific clinical signs, and its underlying mechanism has not been completely elicited. Therefore, it would be of interest to clarify the pathophysiology and identify potential biomarkers of this syndrome. This study detected differences in the salivary and serum proteome between horses with EGUS and healthy horses, and also between horses with EGGD and ESGD. The most upregulated proteins in EGGD were related to the immune activation whereas, in horses with ESGD, the proteins with the most significant changes were associated with the squamous cell regulation and growth. Compared to serum, saliva had a higher number of proteins showing significant changes and also showed a different pattern of changes, indicating that the proteins in both fluids show a different response to the disease and can provide complementary information. Abstract Changes in the salivary proteome in 12 horses with the two diseases included in equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS), equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) (n = 6) and equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) (n = 6), were evaluated using a high-resolution LC-MS/MS analysis of TMT-labelled peptides and compared to 10 healthy control horses. Serum was also analysed for comparative purposes. The comparison between the horses with EGGD and controls showed significant changes in 10 salivary proteins, whereas 36 salivary proteins were differently abundant between ESGD and control groups. The most upregulated proteins in the case of EGGD were related to immune activation whereas, in horses with ESGD, the most significantly changed proteins were associated with squamous cell regulation and growth. Compared to serum, saliva showed a higher number of proteins with significant changes and a different pattern of changes. The proteins identified in our study, in addition to providing new information about the pathophysiological mechanisms in these diseases, could have the potential to be novel biomarkers for the diagnosis or monitoring of EGGD and ESGD.
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25
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Deletion of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase 2 in FoxD1-lineage mesenchymal cells leads to congenital truncal alopecia. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101787. [PMID: 35247391 PMCID: PMC8988008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) induce numerous genes regulating oxygen homeostasis. As oxygen sensors of the cells, the HIF prolyl 4-hydroxylases (HIF-P4Hs) regulate the stability of HIFs in an oxygen-dependent manner. During hair follicle (HF) morphogenesis and cycling, the location of dermal papilla (DP) alternates between the dermis and hypodermis and results in varying oxygen levels for the DP cells. These cells are known to express hypoxia-inducible genes, but the role of the hypoxia response pathway in HF development and homeostasis has not been studied. Using conditional gene targeting and analysis of hair morphogenesis, we show here that lack of Hif-p4h-2 in Forkhead box D1 (FoxD1)-lineage mesodermal cells interferes with the normal HF development in mice. FoxD1-lineage cells were found to be mainly mesenchymal cells located in the dermis of truncal skin, including those cells composing the DP of HFs. We found that upon Hif-p4h-2 inactivation, HF development was disturbed during the first catagen leading to formation of epithelial-lined HF cysts filled by unorganized keratins, which eventually manifested as truncal alopecia. Furthermore, the depletion of Hif-p4h-2 led to HIF stabilization and dysregulation of multiple genes involved in keratin formation, HF differentiation, and HIF, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and Notch signaling. We hypothesize that the failure of HF cycling is likely to be mechanistically caused by disruption of the interplay of the HIF, TGF-β, and Notch pathways. In summary, we show here for the first time that HIF-P4H-2 function in FoxD1-lineage cells is essential for the normal development and homeostasis of HFs.
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26
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Han J, Lee C, Jung Y. Deficiency of Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 Retards Hair Regeneration by
Modulating the Activation of Hair Follicle Stem Cells and Dermal Papilla Cells
in Mice. Dev Reprod 2021; 25:279-291. [PMID: 35141453 PMCID: PMC8807127 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2021.25.4.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Hair loss is one of the most common chronic diseases, with a detrimental effect
on a patient’s psychosocial life. Hair loss results from damage to the
hair follicle (HF) and/or hair regeneration cycle. Various damaging factors,
such as hereditary, inflammation, and aging, impair hair regeneration by
inhibiting the activation of hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) and dermal papilla
cells (DPCs). Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) regulates the inflammatory
response and the activity of various types of stem cells, and has recently been
reported to have a protective effect on hair loss. Given that stem cell activity
is the driving force for hair regeneration, we hypothesized that FPR2 influences
hair regeneration by mediating HFSC activity. To prove this hypothesis, we
investigated the role of FPR2 in hair regeneration using Fpr2 knockout (KO)
mice. Fpr2 KO mice were found to have excessive hair loss and abnormal HF
structures and skin layer construction compared to wild-type (WT) mice. The
levels of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and β-catenin, which
promote HF regeneration, were significantly decreased, and the expression of
bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp)2/4, an inhibitor of the anagen phase, was
significantly increased in Fpr2 KO mice compared to WT mice. The proliferation
of HFSCs and DPCs was significantly lower in Fpr2 KO mice than in WT mice. These
findings demonstrate that FPR2 impacts signaling molecules that regulate HF
regeneration, and is involved in the proliferation of HFSCs and DPCs, exerting a
protective effect on hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsol Han
- Dept. of Integrated Biological Science,
Pusan National University, Busan 46241,
Korea
| | - Chanbin Lee
- Dept. of Integrated Biological Science,
Pusan National University, Busan 46241,
Korea
| | - Youngmi Jung
- Dept. of Integrated Biological Science,
Pusan National University, Busan 46241,
Korea
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, Pusan
National University, Busan 46241,
Korea
- Corresponding author Youngmi Jung, Dept. of
Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
Tel: +82-51-510-2262, E-mail:
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27
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Ali D, Alhattab D, Jafar H, Alzubide M, Sharar N, Bdour S, Awidi A. Differential Marker Expression between Keratinocyte Stem Cells and Their Progeny Generated from a Single Colony. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910810. [PMID: 34639148 PMCID: PMC8509450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The stemness in keratinocyte stem cells (KSCs) is determined by their gene expression patterns. KSCs are crucial in maintaining epidermal homeostasis and wound repair and are widely used candidates for therapeutic applications. Although several studies have reported their positive identifiers, unique biomarkers for KSCs remain elusive. Here, we aim to identify potential candidate stem cell markers. Human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs) from neonatal foreskin tissues were isolated and cultured. Single-cell clonal analysis identified and characterized three types of cells: KSCs (holoclones), transient amplifying cells (TACs; meroclones), and differentiated cells (DSCs; paraclones). The clonogenic potential of KSCs demonstrated the highest proliferation potential of KSCs, followed by TACs and DSCs, respectively. Whole-transcriptome analysis using microarray technology unraveled the molecular signatures of these cells. These results were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry analysis. A total of 301 signature upregulated and 149 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the KSCs, compared to TACs and DSCs. Furthermore, DEG analyses revealed new sets of genes related to cell proliferation, cell adhesion, surface makers, and regulatory factors. In conclusion, this study provides a useful source of information for the identification of potential SC-specific candidate markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dema Ali
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (D.A.); (H.J.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Dana Alhattab
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (D.A.); (H.J.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
- Laboratory for Nanomedicine, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Jafar
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (D.A.); (H.J.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Malak Alzubide
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (D.A.); (H.J.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Nour Sharar
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (D.A.); (H.J.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Salwa Bdour
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdalla Awidi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (D.A.); (D.A.); (H.J.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (A.A.)
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28
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Liu A, Long Y, Li J, Gu L, Karim A, Wang X, Gibson ALF. Accelerated complete human skin architecture restoration after wounding by nanogenerator-driven electrostimulation. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:280. [PMID: 34544434 PMCID: PMC8454068 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01036-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electrostimulation (ES) therapy for wound healing is limited in clinical use due to barriers such as cumbersome equipment and intermittent delivery of therapy. METHODS We adapted a human skin xenograft model that can be used to directly examine the nanogenerator-driven ES (NG-ES) effects on human skin in vivo-an essential translational step toward clinical application of the NG-ES technique for wound healing. RESULTS We show that NG-ES leads to rapid wound closure with complete restoration of normal skin architecture within 7 days compared to more than 30 days in the literature. NG-ES accelerates the inflammatory phase of wound healing with more rapid resolution of neutrophils and macrophages and enhances wound bed perfusion with more robust neovascularization. CONCLUSION Our results support the translational evaluation and optimization of the NG-ES technology to deliver convenient, efficient wound healing therapy for use in human wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Yin Long
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Long Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Aos Karim
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Angela L F Gibson
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA.
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29
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Seleit A, Gross K, Onistschenko J, Hoang OP, Theelke J, Centanin L. Local tissue interactions govern pLL patterning in medaka. Dev Biol 2021; 481:1-13. [PMID: 34517003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Vertebrate organs are arranged in a stereotypic, species-specific position along the animal body plan. Substantial morphological variation exists between related species, especially so in the vastly diversified teleost clade. It is still unclear how tissues, organs and systems can accommodate such diverse scaffolds. Here, we use the distinctive arrangement of neuromasts in the posterior lateral line (pLL) system of medaka fish to address the tissue-interactions defining a pattern. We show that patterning in this peripheral nervous system is established by autonomous organ precursors independent of neuronal wiring. In addition, we target the keratin 15 gene to generate stuck-in-the-midline (siml) mutants, which display epithelial lesions and a disrupted pLL patterning. By using siml/wt chimeras, we determine that the aberrant siml pLL pattern depends on the mutant epithelium, since a wild type epithelium can rescue the siml phenotype. Inducing epithelial lesions by 2-photon laser ablation during pLL morphogenesis phenocopies siml genetic mutants and reveals that epithelial integrity defines the final position of the embryonic pLL neuromasts. Our results using the medaka pLL disentangle intrinsic from extrinsic properties during the establishment of a sensory system. We speculate that intrinsic programs guarantee proper organ morphogenesis, while instructive interactions from surrounding tissues facilitates the accommodation of sensory organs to the diverse body plans found among teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Seleit
- Laboratory of Clonal Analysis of Post-Embryonic Stem Cells, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Universität Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School (HBIGS), Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karen Gross
- Laboratory of Clonal Analysis of Post-Embryonic Stem Cells, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Universität Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School (HBIGS), Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Onistschenko
- Laboratory of Clonal Analysis of Post-Embryonic Stem Cells, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Universität Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School (HBIGS), Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oi Pui Hoang
- Laboratory of Clonal Analysis of Post-Embryonic Stem Cells, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Universität Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jonas Theelke
- Laboratory of Clonal Analysis of Post-Embryonic Stem Cells, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Universität Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lázaro Centanin
- Laboratory of Clonal Analysis of Post-Embryonic Stem Cells, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Universität Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Abreu CM, Gasperini L, Lago MEL, Reis RL, Marques AP. Microscopy-guided laser ablation for the creation of complex skin models with folliculoid appendages. Bioeng Transl Med 2021; 6:e10195. [PMID: 34027085 PMCID: PMC8126819 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineering complex tissues requires the use of advanced biofabrication techniques that allow the replication of the tissue's 3D microenvironment, architecture and cellular interactions. In the case of skin, the most successful strategies to introduce the complexity of hair follicle (HF) appendages have highlighted the importance of facilitating direct interaction between dermal papilla (DP) cells and keratinocytes (KCs) in organotypic skin models. In this work, we took advantage of microscopy-guided laser ablation (MGLA) to microfabricate a fibroblast-populated collagen hydrogel and create a subcompartment that guides the migration of KCs and lead their interaction with DP cells to recreate follicular structures. Upon definition of the processing parameters (laser incidence area and power), MGLA was used to create 3D microchannels from the surface of a standard organotypic human skin model up to the aggregates containing DP cells and KCs, previously incorporated into the dermal-like fibroblast-collagen layer. Analysis of the constructs showed that the fabricated microfeatures successfully guided the fusion between epidermal and aggregates keratinocytes, which differentiated into follicular-like structures within the organotypic human skin model, increasing its functionality. In summary, we demonstrate the fabrication of a highly structured 3D hydrogel-based construct using MGLA to attain a complex skin model bearing folliculoid structures, highlighting its potential use as an in vitro platform to study the mechanisms controlling HF development or for the screening of bioactive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla M. Abreu
- 3B's Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of MinhoGuimarãesPortugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga/GuimarãesPortugal
| | - Luca Gasperini
- 3B's Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of MinhoGuimarãesPortugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga/GuimarãesPortugal
| | - Manuela E. L. Lago
- 3B's Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of MinhoGuimarãesPortugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga/GuimarãesPortugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of MinhoGuimarãesPortugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga/GuimarãesPortugal
| | - Alexandra P. Marques
- 3B's Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of MinhoGuimarãesPortugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga/GuimarãesPortugal
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Lee YJ, Park SH, Park HR, Lee Y, Kang H, Kim JE. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Antagonize IFN-Induced Proinflammatory Changes and Growth Inhibition Effects via Wnt/β-Catenin and JAK/STAT Pathway in Human Outer Root Sheath Cells and Hair Follicles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4581. [PMID: 33925529 PMCID: PMC8123883 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell therapy (MSCT) has been shown to be a new therapeutic option for treating alopecia areata (AA). Outer root sheath cells (ORSCs) play key roles in maintaining the hair follicle structure and supporting the bulge area. In human ORSCs (hORSCs), the mechanism for this process has not been extensively studied. In this study, we aimed to examine the influence of human hematopoietic mesenchymal stem cells (hHMSCs) in the hORSCs in vitro model of AA and determine the mechanisms controlling efficacy. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) pretreatment was used to induce an in vitro model of AA in hORSCs. The effect of MSCT on the viability and migration of hORSCs was examined using co-cultures, the MTT assay, and migration assays. We investigated the expression of molecules related to the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, JAK/STAT pathway, and growth factors in hHMSC-treated hORSCs by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analyses. hHMSCs increased hORSC viability and migration when they were co-cultured. hHMSCs reverted IFN-γ-induced expression-including NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, CXCL-9 through 11, IL-1β, and IL-15-and upregulated several growth factors and hair stem cell markers. hHMSCs activated several molecules in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, such as in the Wnt families, β-catenin, phosphorylated GSK-3β and cyclin D1, and suppressed the expression of DKK1 induced by IFN-γ in hORSCs. hHMSCs suppressed the phosphorylation of JAK1 to 3, STAT1, and STAT3 compared to the controls and IFN-γ-pretreated hORSCs. These results demonstrate that hHMSCs increased hORSC viability and migration in the in vitro AA model. Additionally, MSCT definitely stimulated anagen survival and hair growth in an HF organ culture model. MSCT appeared to be associated with the Wnt/β-catenin and JAK/STAT pathways in hORSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (S.-H.P.); (H.-R.P.); (H.K.)
| | - Song-Hee Park
- Department of Dermatology, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (S.-H.P.); (H.-R.P.); (H.K.)
| | - Hye-Ree Park
- Department of Dermatology, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (S.-H.P.); (H.-R.P.); (H.K.)
| | - Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Hoon Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (S.-H.P.); (H.-R.P.); (H.K.)
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (S.-H.P.); (H.-R.P.); (H.K.)
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Nakajima R, Tate Y, Yan L, Kageyama T, Fukuda J. Impact of adipose-derived stem cells on engineering hair follicle germ-like tissue grafts for hair regenerative medicine. J Biosci Bioeng 2021; 131:679-685. [PMID: 33678531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hair regenerative medicine has emerged as a promising treatment strategy for severe hair loss, such as end-stage androgenetic alopecia. Various approaches to engineering three-dimensional tissue grafts have been explored since they drive the ability to regenerate hair follicles when transplanted. In the present study, we demonstrated the assembly of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) into hair follicle germ (HFG)-like aggregates for de novo hair regeneration. We mixed human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs), murine embryonic epithelial cells, and hASCs in suspension, and allowed them to form aggregates. During three days of culture, cells initially formed a single aggregate with a random distribution of the three cell types, but the epithelial and dermal papilla cells subsequently separated from each other and formed a dumbbell-shaped HFG, with hASCs localized on the hDPC aggregate side. The involvement of hASCs significantly increased gene expression associated with hair morphogenesis compared to HFGs without hASCs. The self-organization of the three cell types was observed in our scalable lab-made chip device. HFGs containing hASCs efficiently generated hair shafts upon transplantation to nude mice, while only a few shafts were generated with HFGs without hASCs. This approach may be a promising strategy for fabricating tissue grafts for hair regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikuma Nakajima
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tate
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Lei Yan
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuto Kageyama
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan; Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Junji Fukuda
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan; Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan.
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Dunstan RW, Salte KM, Todorović V, Lowe M, Wetter JB, Harms PW, Burney RE, Scott VE, Smith KM, Rosenblum MD, Gudjonsson JE, Honore P. Histologic progression of acne inversa/hidradenitis suppurativa: Implications for future investigations and therapeutic intervention. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:820-830. [PMID: 33377546 PMCID: PMC8247901 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since first recognized in 1839, the pathogenesis of acne inversa (AI) has undergone repeated revisions. Although there is agreement that AI involves occlusion of hair follicles with subsequent inflammation and the formation of tracts, the histologic progression of this disease still requires refinement. The objective of this study was to examine the histologic progression of AI based on the examination of a large cohort of punch biopsies and excisional samples that were examined first by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The most informative of these samples were step‐sectioned and stained by immunohistochemistry for epithelial and inflammatory markers. Based on this examination, the following observations were made: 1) AI arises from the epithelium of the infundibulum of terminal and vellus hairs; 2) These form cysts and epithelial tendrils that extend into soft tissue; 3) Immunohistochemical staining demonstrates the epithelium of AI is disordered with infundibular and isthmic differentiation and de novo expression of stem cell markers; 4) The inflammatory response in AI is heterogeneous and largely due to cyst rupture. The conclusions of this investigation were that AI is an epithelial‐driven disease caused by infiltrative, cyst forming tendrils and most of the inflammation is due to cyst rupture and release of cornified debris and bacteria. Cyst rupture often occurs below the depths of punch biopsy samples indicating their use for analysis may give an incomplete picture of the disease. Finally, our data suggest that unless therapies inhibit tendril development, it is unlikely they will cause prolonged treatment‐induced remission in AI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Margaret Lowe
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Paul W Harms
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Richard E Burney
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Hair follicle germs containing vascular endothelial cells for hair regenerative medicine. Sci Rep 2021; 11:624. [PMID: 33436760 PMCID: PMC7804392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79722-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair regenerative medicine has emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of severe hair loss. Recent advances in three-dimensional tissue engineering, such as formation of hair follicle germs (HFGs), have considerably improved hair regeneration after transplantation in animal models. Here, we proposed an approach for fabricating HFGs containing vascular endothelial cells. Epithelial, dermal papilla, and vascular endothelial cells initially formed a single aggregate, which subsequently became a dumbbell-shaped HFG, wherein the vascular endothelial cells localized in the region of dermal papilla cells. The HFGs containing vascular endothelial cells exhibited higher expression of hair morphogenesis-related genes in vitro, along with higher levels of hair shaft regeneration upon transplantation to the dorsal side of nude mice, than those without vascular endothelial cells. The generated hair follicles represented functional characteristics, such as piloerection, as well as morphological characteristics comparable to those of natural hair shafts. This approach may provide a promising strategy for fabricating tissue grafts with higher hair inductivity for hair regenerative medicine.
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Orabase Promotes Oral Epithelization in a Wound Healing Rat Model: An Immunohistochemical Study. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2020; 29:e39-e45. [PMID: 33208673 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that bone marrow-derived stem cells may have an important role in the natural process of wound healing. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of orabase paste application on primary wound healing in a palatal rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 48 six-month-old male Wistar rats weighting 427 to 650 g were included. A mid-crestal incision was made on the maxillary alveolar ridge. A full-thickness flap was raised on either side of the incision and was then repositioned and sutured. Three experimental groups were used: O-study group-orabase, N-negative control group, and I-intact control group. Half of the animals were killed on 7 days and the remaining on 14 days postoperatively. Outcome parameters included epithelial gap; inflammatory infiltration; expression of stem cell markers within the oral epithelium and stromal cells; and physical properties of stromal collagen fibers and myofibroblasts. Investigations were performed at 2 time points (7 and 14 d) during the wound healing process. RESULTS The epithelial gap closed completely after 7 days in the O group versus 14 days or more in the N group. The inflammatory reaction was relatively low and not significantly different between groups O and N. Orabase upregulated the expression of CK14, CK15, and epithelial SOX2. Connective tissue SOX2, CD34, and α-smooth muscle actin and physical properties of stromal collagen fibers were not influenced by the application of orabase. CONCLUSIONS Orabase promotes epithelial gap closure in a primary wound healing model in rats. The effect is exerted through promotion of epithelial differentiation from stem cells.
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Su S, Begum S, Ezratty EJ. An IFT20 mechanotrafficking axis is required for integrin recycling, focal adhesion dynamics, and polarized cell migration. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:1917-1930. [PMID: 32520638 PMCID: PMC7525813 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-04-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Directional cell migration drives embryonic development, cancer metastasis, and tissue repair and regeneration. Here, we examine the role of intraflagellar transport (IFT) 20 (Ift20) during polarized migration of epidermal cells. IFT20 is implicated in regulating cell migration independently of the primary cilium, but how IFT proteins integrate with the cell migration machinery is poorly understood. We show that genetic ablation of IFT20 in vitro slows keratinocyte migration during wound healing. We find that this phenotype is independent of the primary cilium and instead can be attributed to alterations in integrin-mediated mechanotransduction and focal adhesion (FA) dynamics. Loss of Ift20 resulted in smaller and less numerous FAs and reduced the levels of activated FA kinase. Studies of FA dynamics during microtubule-induced FA turnover demonstrated that Ift20 loss specifically impaired the reformation, but not the disassembly, of FAs. In the absence of Ift20 function, β1 integrins endocytosed during FA disassembly are not transferred out of Rab5 (+) endosomes. This defective transit from the early endosome disrupts eventual recycling of β1 integrins back to the cell surface, resulting in defective FA reformation. In vivo, conditional ablation of Ift20 in hair follicle stem cells (HF-SCs) similarly impairs their ability to invade and migrate during epidermal wound healing. Using explant studies, lineage tracing, and clonal analysis, we demonstrate that Ift20 is required for HF-SC migration and their contribution to epidermal regeneration. This work identifies a new Ift20 mechanotrafficking mechanism required for polarized cell migration and stem cell-driven tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Su
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Salma Begum
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Ellen J. Ezratty
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
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Moses RL, Boyle GM, Howard-Jones RA, Errington RJ, Johns JP, Gordon V, Reddell P, Steadman R, Moseley R. Novel epoxy-tiglianes stimulate skin keratinocyte wound healing responses and re-epithelialization via protein kinase C activation. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:114048. [PMID: 32446889 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epoxy-tiglianes are a novel class of diterpene esters. The prototype epoxy-tigliane, EBC-46 (tigilanol tiglate), possesses potent anti-cancer properties and is currently in clinical development as a local treatment for human and veterinary cutaneous tumors. EBC-46 rapidly destroys treated tumors and consistently promotes wound re-epithelialization at sites of tumor destruction. However, the mechanisms underlying these keratinocyte wound healing responses are not completely understood. Here, we investigated the effects of EBC-46 and an analogue (EBC-211) at 1.51 nM-151 µM concentrations, on wound healing responses in immortalized human skin keratinocytes (HaCaTs). Both EBC-46 and EBC-211 (1.51 nM-15.1 µM) accelerated G0/G1-S and S-G2/M cell cycle transitions and HaCaT proliferation. EBC-46 (1.51-151 nM) and EBC-211 (1.51 nM-15.1 µM) further induced significant HaCaT migration and scratch wound repopulation. Stimulated migration/wound repopulation responses were even induced by EBC-46 (1.51 nM) and EBC-211 (1.51-151 nM) with proliferation inhibitor, mitomycin C (1 μM), suggesting that epoxy-tiglianes can promote migration and wound repopulation independently of proliferation. Expression profiling analyses showed that epoxy-tiglianes modulated keratin, DNA synthesis/replication, cell cycle/proliferation, motility/migration, differentiation, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and cytokine/chemokine gene expression, to facilitate enhanced responses. Although epoxy-tiglianes down-regulated established cytokine and chemokine agonists of keratinocyte proliferation and migration, enhanced HaCaT responses were demonstrated to be mediated via protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation and significantly abrogated by pan-PKC inhibitor, bisindolylmaleimide-1 (BIM-1, 1 μM). By identifying how epoxy-tiglianes stimulate keratinocyte healing responses and re-epithelialization in treated skin, our findings support the further development of this class of small molecules as potential therapeutics for other clinical situations associated with impaired re-epithelialization, such as non-healing skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael L Moses
- Regenerative Biology Group, School of Dentistry, Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair (CITER), College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Glen M Boyle
- Cancer Drug Mechanisms Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rachel A Howard-Jones
- Tenovus Institute, School of Medicine, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Rachel J Errington
- Tenovus Institute, School of Medicine, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Jenny P Johns
- Cancer Drug Mechanisms Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Paul Reddell
- QBiotics Group, Yungaburra, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert Steadman
- Welsh Kidney Research Unit, Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair (CITER), School of Medicine, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Ryan Moseley
- Regenerative Biology Group, School of Dentistry, Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair (CITER), College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, UK.
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Sukmawati D, Eryani A, Damayanti L. Silver Sulfadiazine's Effect on Keratin-19 Expression as Stem Cell Marker in Burn Wound Healing. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2020; 10:5-11. [PMID: 33854915 PMCID: PMC7608848 DOI: 10.37796/2211-8039.1014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burn wounds are one of the causes of cutaneous injury that involve both epidermal and dermal layers of skin. Silver sulfadiazine (SSD) has been widely used to treat burn wounds, however recent studies have found the treatment to have some drawbacks, such as cellular toxicity effects. Cutaneous wound regeneration is known to start from the basal layer of the epidermal epithelial cells, which are enriched with highly proliferative cells. Keratin-19 (K19) is one of the epidermal stem cell biomarkers found in the skin. This study aims to explore the expression of K19 in burn wound tissue and to investigate the effect of SSD on its expression. METHODS We created a burn wound model in Sprague Dawley rats and randomly divided them into control and SSD groups. Wound closure was evaluated (visitrak) overtime series followed by histological evaluation of K19 expression in the wound tissue (immunohistochemistry staining). RESULTS Our model successfully represents full-thickness damage caused by a burn wound. The SSD group showed a faster reduction of wound surface area (wound closure) compared to the control group with the peak at day 18 post wounding (p < 0.05). K19 expression was found in both groups and was distributed on epidermal layers, hair follicles and dermis of granulation tissue showing similar patterns. CONCLUSION Topical application of SSD on burn wounds showed superiority in wound closure and is likely to have no harmful effect on epidermal stem cells. However, further study is required to investigate the effect of silver species on cell viability and toxicity effects during long term treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewi Sukmawati
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jln. Salemba Raya No. 6 Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Astheria Eryani
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine Tarumanagara University, Jln. Letjen S. Parman No.1, Tomang, Grogol Petamburan, Jakarta, 11440, Indonesia
| | - Lia Damayanti
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jln. Salemba Raya No. 6 Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Palatal Wound Healing with Primary Intention in a Rat Model-Histology and Immunohistomorphometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56040200. [PMID: 32344587 PMCID: PMC7230352 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56040200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) from the palate has been considered as the “gold standard” for the treatment of deep gingival recessions. A single-incision technique was reported to allow primary wound healing. A palatal single incision was performed in a rat model. The present study assessed the histology and histomorphometry of palatal wound healing following surgical closure with primary intention. Materials and Methods: Twenty-six 6-month-old male Wistar rats weighing 427–650 g. An incision was made on the maxillary palate. A full thickness flap was raised palatally, and then repositioned and sutured. Two experimental groups: S—Study group, I—Intact control group. Half of the animals were sacrificed 7 days and the remaining 14 days postoperatively. Outcome parameters included—epithelial gap; inflammatory infiltration; vascular fraction, expression of myofibroblasts and stem cell markers within the oral epithelium and stromal cells and physical properties of stromal collagen fibers. Investigations were performed at two time-points (7 and 14 days) during the wound healing process. Results: The epithelial gap closed completely after 14 days. The inflammatory reaction and vascular fraction were relatively low. Surgical trauma downregulated the expression of cytokeratin (CK) 14 and CK 15, which returned to normal after 14 days. Epithelial differentiation was mediated through upregulation of connective tissue sex- determining-region-Y-box2 (SOX2). Epithelial SOX2, CD34, alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and physical properties of stromal collagen fibers were not influenced by the surgical trauma. Conclusions: Surgical trauma followed by palatal wound healing with primary intention in a rat model heals within 14 days. It induces minimal inflammatory infiltration and vascular proliferation. Epithelization is exerted through promotion of epithelial differentiation from stem cells by connective tissue SOX2.
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Yang GN, Strudwick XL, Bonder C, Kopecki Z, Cowin AJ. Effect of Flightless I Expression on Epidermal Stem Cell Niche During Wound Repair. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2020; 9:161-173. [PMID: 32117580 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2018.0884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Activation of epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) from their quiescent niche is an integral component of wound reepithelialization and involves Wnt/β-catenin (β-Cat) signaling and remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Flightless I (Flii), a cytoskeletal protein and inhibitor of wound healing, on EpSC activation during wound repair. Approach: Genetically modified Flii mice (Flii knockdown: Flii+/- , wild type: WT, Flii overexpressing: FliiTg/Tg ) received two incisional wounds along the lateral axis of the dorsal skin. Indicators of EpSC activation (epidermal growth factor receptor 1 [EGFR1], leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains-1 [Lrig1], K14), Wnt/β-Cat signaling (Lgr6, Flap2, β-Cat, and axis inhibition protein 2 [Axin2]), and cell proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen [PCNA]) were assessed using immunohistochemistry. β-Cat stabilization was examined using western blotting with cell cycling and differentiation of isolated CD34+ITGA6high EpSCs examined using real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction after treatment with wound-conditioned media. Results: Flii+/- led to increased numbers of activated EpSCs expressing PCNA, elevated EGFR1, and decreased Lrig1. EpSCs in Flii+/- hair follicle niches adjacent to the wounds also showed expression of Wnt-activation markers including increased β-Cat and Lgr6, and decreased Axin2. EpSCs (CD34+ITGA6high) isolated from Flii+/- unwounded skin showed elevated expression of cell-cycling genes including ΔNp63, filaggrin (Fila), involucrin (Invo), cyclin D1 (Ccnd1), and cell-division cycle protein-20 (Cdc20); and elevated ΔNp63 and Invo after treatment with wound-conditioned media compared with WT and FliiTg/Tg counterparts. Innovation: Flii was identified as an inhibitor of EpSC activation that may explain its negative effects on wound reepithelialization. Conclusion: Flii may inhibit EpSC activation by interrupting Wnt/β-Cat signaling. Strategies that reduce Flii may increase activation of EpSCs and promote reepithelialization of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gink N. Yang
- Regenerative Medicine, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Xanthe L. Strudwick
- Regenerative Medicine, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Claudine Bonder
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Zlatko Kopecki
- Regenerative Medicine, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Allison J. Cowin
- Regenerative Medicine, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Houschyar KS, Borrelli MR, Tapking C, Popp D, Puladi B, Ooms M, Chelliah MP, Rein S, Pförringer D, Thor D, Reumuth G, Wallner C, Branski LK, Siemers F, Grieb G, Lehnhardt M, Yazdi AS, Maan ZN, Duscher D. Molecular Mechanisms of Hair Growth and Regeneration: Current Understanding and Novel Paradigms. Dermatology 2020; 236:271-280. [PMID: 32163945 DOI: 10.1159/000506155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair is a defining feature of mammals and has critical functions, including protection, production of sebum, apocrine sweat and pheromones, social and sexual interactions, thermoregulation, and provision of stem cells for skin homeostasis, regeneration, and repair. The hair follicle (HF) is considered a "mini-organ," consisting of intricate and well-organized structures which originate from HF stem and progenitor cells. Dermal papilla cells are the main components of the mesenchymal compartments in the hair bulb and are instrumental in generating signals to regulate the behavior of neighboring epithelial cells during the hair cycle. Mesenchymal-epithelial interactions within the dermal papilla niche drive HF embryonic development as well as the postnatal hair growth and regeneration cycle. This review summarizes the current understanding of HF development, repair, and regeneration, with special focus on cell signaling pathways governing these processes. In particular, we discuss emerging paradigms of molecular signaling governing the dermal papilla-epithelial cellular interactions during hair growth and maintenance and the recent progress made towards tissue engineering of human hair follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khosrow Siamak Houschyar
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mimi R Borrelli
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Christian Tapking
- Department of Surgery, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Galveston, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.,Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Trauma Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Popp
- Department of Surgery, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Galveston, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.,Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Behrus Puladi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mark Ooms
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Malcolm P Chelliah
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Susanne Rein
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, Clinic St. Georg, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dominik Pförringer
- Clinic and Policlinic of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Thor
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida Gainesville, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Georg Reumuth
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Unit, Trauma Center Bergmannstrost Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Christoph Wallner
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ludwik K Branski
- Department of Surgery, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Galveston, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Frank Siemers
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Unit, Trauma Center Bergmannstrost Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Gerrit Grieb
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus Havelhoehe, Teaching Hospital of the Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Lehnhardt
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Amir S Yazdi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Zeshaan N Maan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Dominik Duscher
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany,
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de Lima PM, Vieira JCS, Cavecci-Mendonça B, Fleuri LF, de Lima Leite A, Buzalaf MAR, Pezzato LE, Braga CP, de Magalhães Padilha P. Identification of Zinc Absorption Biomarkers in Muscle Tissue of Nile Tilapia Fed with Organic and Inorganic Sources of Zinc Using Metallomics Analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 194:259-272. [PMID: 31172428 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The development of metallomics techniques has allowed for metallomics analysis of biological systems, enabling a better understanding of the response mechanisms for different stimuli, their relationship to metallic species, and the characterization of biomarkers. In this study, a metallomics analysis of the muscle tissue of Nile tilapia was used to aid the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in zinc absorption in this fish species when fed organic and/or inorganic sources of zinc and to identify possible biomarkers for the absorption of this micromineral. To accomplish this, the fish were separated into three groups of 24 g, 74 g, and 85 g initial weights, and each group, respectively, was fed a zinc-free diet (control group, G1), a diet containing zinc found in organic sources (treatment 1, G2), and a diet containing zinc from an inorganic source (treatment 2, G3). Two-dimensional polyacrylamide (2D PAGE) gel electrophoresis was used to separate the proteins of the muscle tissue. Subsequently, the expression profiles of protein spots in the samples where zinc was applied in different concentrations were compared, using the software ImageMaster 2D Platinum version 7.0, to identify proteins that were differentially expressed. The identified proteins were then exposed to atomic absorption spectrometry in a graphite furnace to determine zinc mapping and were subsequently characterized via electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). The metallomic analysis identified 15 proteins differentially expressed and associated with zinc, leading to the conclusion that three metal-binding proteins presented as possible biomarkers of zinc absorption in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Monteiro de Lima
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Cavalcante Souza Vieira
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Cavecci-Mendonça
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Aline de Lima Leite
- Biochemistry Department, São Paulo University (USP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Edivaldo Pezzato
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro de Magalhães Padilha
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Galindo I, Gómez-Morales M, Díaz-Cano I, Andrades Á, Caba-Molina M, Miranda-León MT, Medina PP, Martín-Padron J, Fárez-Vidal ME. The value of desmosomal plaque-related markers to distinguish squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung. Ups J Med Sci 2020; 125:19-29. [PMID: 31809668 PMCID: PMC7054907 DOI: 10.1080/03009734.2019.1692101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: An antibody panel is needed to definitively differentiate between adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in order to meet more stringent requirements for the histologic classification of lung cancers. Staining of desmosomal plaque-related proteins may be useful in the diagnosis of lung SCC.Materials and methods: We compared the usefulness of six conventional (CK5/6, p40, p63, CK7, TTF1, and Napsin A) and three novel (PKP1, KRT15, and DSG3) markers to distinguish between lung SCC and AC in 85 small biopsy specimens (41 ACs and 44 SCCs). Correlations were examined between expression of the markers and patients' histologic and clinical data.Results: The specificity for SCC of membrane staining for PKP1, KRT15, and DSG3 was 97.4%, 94.6%, and 100%, respectively, and it was 100% when the markers were used together and in combination with the conventional markers (AUCs of 0.7619 for Panel 1 SCC, 0.7375 for Panel 2 SCC, 0.8552 for Panel 1 AC, and 0.8088 for Panel 2 AC). In a stepwise multivariate logistic regression model, the combination of CK5/6, p63, and PKP1 in membrane was the optimal panel to differentiate between SCC and AC, with a percentage correct classification of 96.2% overall (94.6% of ACs and 97.6% of SCCs). PKP1 and DSG3 are related to the prognosis.Conclusions: PKP1, KRT15, and DSG3 are highly specific for SCC, but they were more useful to differentiate between SCC and AC when used together and in combination with conventional markers. PKP1 and DSG3 expressions may have prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Galindo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Inés Díaz-Cano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research (IBS Granada), University Hospital Complex of Granada/University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Álvaro Andrades
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Mercedes Caba-Molina
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María Teresa Miranda-León
- Department of Statistics and Operative Research, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro Pablo Medina
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Joel Martín-Padron
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research (IBS Granada), University Hospital Complex of Granada/University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María Esther Fárez-Vidal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research (IBS Granada), University Hospital Complex of Granada/University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CONTACT María Esther Fárez-Vidal Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
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Babakhani A, Hashemi P, Mohajer Ansari J, Ramhormozi P, Nobakht M. In vitro Differentiation of Hair Follicle Stem Cell into Keratinocyte by Simvastatin. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2019; 23:404-11. [PMID: 31104417 PMCID: PMC6800537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) located in the bulge area has shown to be highly proliferative and could differentiate into neurons, glia, smooth muscle cell, and melanocytes in vitro. Simvastatin is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor that exerts pleiotropic effects beyond simple low-density lipoprotein lowering and has a similar impact on the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The present study examined the hypothesis that the application of simvastatin would induce the HFSCs differentiation into keratinocyte. Methods The bulge of the hair follicle was anatomized, and HFSCs were cultivated. The flow cytometry and immunocytochemical staining for detection of nestin, CD34, and Kr15 biomarkers were performed before differentiation. In order to hasten the HFSCs differentiation to keratinocyte, HFSCs were treated with 1 µM, 2 µM, and 5 µM of simvastatin daily for a week. After differentiation, the flow cytometry and immunocytochemical staining were performed with Kr15 and Kr10 biomarkers, and the MTT assay was carried out as an index of cell viability and cell growth. Results Our results showed that bulge of HFSCs were nestin and CD34 positive and Kr15 negative. Simvastatin significantly increased the viability of HFSCs (p < 0.05) at the concentration of 5 µM. In addition, the percentages of keratinocyte-differentiated cells treated with 5 µM of simvastatin showed a significant increase compared to all other treated groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that 5 µM of simvastatin could induce HFSCs differentiation into keratinocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Babakhani
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paria Hashemi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mohajer Ansari
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Ramhormozi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Nobakht
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fibronectin precoating wound bed enhances the therapeutic effects of autologous epidermal basal cell suspension for full-thickness wounds by improving epidermal stem cells' utilization. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:154. [PMID: 31506090 PMCID: PMC6737622 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autologous epidermal basal cell suspension therapy has been proven to be one of the most effective treatments for full-thickness wounds. However, we found there remain obvious defects that significantly confined the utilization and function of the epidermal basal cells (EBCs), especially the epidermal stem cells (ESCs) in it. This study investigated whether precoating fibronectin (FN) on the wound bed before spraying EBCs could overcome these defects and further explored its possible mechanisms. Methods In the in vitro study, EBCs were isolated from the donor skin of patients who needed skin grafting. Different concentrations of FN were used to precoat culture dishes before cell culture; the adherent efficiency, proliferation and migration ability of ESCs were analyzed and compared with traditional collagen IV precoating. In the in vivo study, Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats with full-thickness skin wounds were selected as full-thickness wounds’ model. For the experiment groups, 20 μg/ml FN was precoated on the wound bed 10 min before EBC spray. The quality of wound healing was estimated by the residual wound area rate, wound healing time, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Expression of ESC markers, neovascular markers, inflammation markers, and collagen formation and degradation markers was elucidated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), western blot (WB), and RT-qPCR analysis. Results The in vitro study showed that the dishes precoated with 20 μg/ml FN had a similar adherent efficiency and colony formation rate with collagen IV, but it could improve the proliferation and migration of ESCs significantly. Similarly, in the in vivo study, precoating FN on wound bed before EBC spray also significantly promote wound healing by improving ESCs’ utilization efficiency, promoting angiogenesis, decreasing inflammations, and regulating collagen formation and degradation. Conclusion FN precoating wound bed before EBC spray could significantly promote full-thickness wound healing by improving the utilization and function of the ESCs and further by promoting angiogenesis, decreasing inflammations, and regulating collagen formation and degradation. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Yang Q, Pinto VMR, Duan W, Paxton EE, Dessauer JH, Ryan W, Lopez MJ. In vitro Characteristics of Heterogeneous Equine Hoof Progenitor Cell Isolates. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:155. [PMID: 31355191 PMCID: PMC6637248 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage to an ectodermal-mesodermal interface like that in the equine hoof and human finger nail bed can permanently alter tissue structure and associated function. The purpose of this study was to establish and validate in vitro culture of primary progenitor cell isolates from the ectodermal-mesodermal tissue junction in equine hooves, the stratum internum, with and without chronic inflammation known to contribute to lifelong tissue defects. The following were evaluated in hoof stratum internum cell isolates up to 5 cell passages (P): expansion capacity by cell doublings and doubling time; plasticity with multi-lineage differentiation and colony-forming unit (CFU) frequency percentage; immunophenotype with immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry; gene expression with RT-PCR; and ultrastructure with transmission electron microscopy. The presence of keratin (K)14, 15 and K19 as well as cluster of differentiation (CD)44 and CD29 was determined in situ with immunohistochemistry. To confirm in vivo extracellular matrix (ECM) formation, cell-scaffold (polyethylene glycol/poly-L-lactic acid and tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite) constructs were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy 9 weeks after implantation in athymic mice. Cultured cells had characteristic progenitor cell morphology, expansion, CFU frequency percentage and adipocytic, osteoblastic, and neurocytic differentiation capacity. CD44, CD29, K14, K15 and K19 proteins were present in native hoof stratum internum. Cultured cells also expressed K15, K19 and desmogleins 1 and 3. Gene expression of CD105, CD44, K14, K15, sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) was confirmed in vitro. Cultured cells had large, eccentric nuclei, elongated mitochondria, and intracellular vacuoles. Scaffold implants with cells contained fibrous ECM 9 weeks after implantation compared to little or none on acellular scaffolds. In vitro expansion and plasticity and in vivo ECM deposition of heterogeneous, immature cell isolates from the ectodermal-mesodermal tissue interface of normal and chronically inflamed hooves are typical of primary cell isolates from other adult tissues, and they appear to have both mesodermal and ectodermal qualities in vitro. These results establish a unique cell culture model to target preventative and restorative therapies for ectodermal-mesodermal tissue junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqiu Yang
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Vanessa Marigo Rocha Pinto
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Wei Duan
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Erica E Paxton
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Jenna H Dessauer
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - William Ryan
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Mandi J Lopez
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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Song Y, Wang B, Li H, Hu X, Lin X, Hu X, Zhang Y. Low temperature culture enhances ameloblastic differentiation of human keratinocyte stem cells. J Mol Histol 2019; 50:417-425. [PMID: 31278616 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-019-09837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that several types of human stem cells of non-dental origin can be induced to differentiate into enamel-secreting ameloblasts after recombined with mouse embryonic dental mesenchyme. However, the successful rate of ameloblastic differentiation is about rather low, which presents a major obstacle for future stem cell-based whole tooth bioengineering. Previous studies have shown that cultures at reduced temperature could improve the differentiation capability of stem cells in tissue engineering. In this study, we systematically investigated the effects of low temperature on the viability, proliferation and stemness of human keratinocytes stem cells (hKSCs) in cell culture and further examined ameloblastic differentiation of the hKSCs in human-mouse recombinant chimeric tooth germs. Our results demonstrated that low temperature indeed reduces growth rate and maintains healthy undifferentiated morphology of hKSCs without any effects on cell viability. Moreover, examination of stemness makers revealed improved stemness of hKSCs cultured at low temperature with increased expression of stemness markers K15, CD29 and p63 and decreased expression differentiation marker K10, as compared to those cultured at 37 °C. These low temperature treated hKSCs, when recombined with mouse embryonic dental mesenchyme, exhibited significantly increased rate (40%) of ameloblastic differentiation, as compared to that (17%) in tissue recombinants with those hKSCs treated at standard temperature. Our studies demonstrate that low temperature cell culture improves the stemness and plasticity of hKSCs, which in turn enhances ameloblastic differentiation capability of the stem cells in bioengineered teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Song
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingmei Wang
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Li
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Lin
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Hu
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanding Zhang
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
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Koh R, Szeverényi I, Lee B, Denil SLIJ, Lim SYJ, Benny PA, Grasset N, Tan BK, Lane EB. Oxygen-Mediated Control of the Keratinocyte Proliferation-Differentiation Axis. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 140:235-238.e3. [PMID: 31283927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Koh
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bien-Keem Tan
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - E Birgitte Lane
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore.
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Comparative gene expression profiling reveals key pathways and genes different in skin epidermal stem cells and corneal epithelial cells. Genes Genomics 2019; 41:679-688. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-019-00814-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Alsaegh MA, Altaie AM, Zhu S. Expression of keratin 15 in dentigerous cyst, odontogenic keratocyst and ameloblastoma. Mol Clin Oncol 2019; 10:377-381. [PMID: 30847177 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2019.1802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology and pathogenesis of odontogenic lesions are poorly understood. Keratin 15 (K15) is a type I cytoskeletal protein that provides structural support to the cells and has been considered to be a stem cell marker. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of K15 in the epithelial lining of dentigerous cysts (DCs), odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) and ameloblastomas (ABs). The study included 41 samples of DCs (n=13), OKCs (n=12), and AB tissues (n=16). K15 protein expression was evaluated via immunohistochemistry and data were statistically analyzed using a Kruskal-Wallis test. K15 was expressed in the majority of the studied lesions with various distributions in the different study samples. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed non-significant differences in the expression of K15 among the three odontogenic lesions (P=0.380). The present study confirmed the high expression of K15 in the different epithelial layers of DC, OKC and AB. This type of expression excludes the reliability of regarding K15 as a stem cell marker in DC, OKC and AB. However, K15 may reflect the abnormal differentiation of pathological epithelial cells in these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Amjed Alsaegh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Fujairah Campus, Al-Hulifat, Fujairah 2202, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alaa Muayad Altaie
- Sharjah Medical Research Institute, Medical College, Sharjah University, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shengrong Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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