1
|
Shen Y, Xia J, Yi C, Li T, Wang P, Dai L, Shi J, Wang K, Sun C, Ye H. The association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:653-672. [PMID: 38170272 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03302-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationship between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and pancreatic cancer has been well studied but remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the association between circulating 25(OH)D and pancreatic cancer by using a meta-analytic approach. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Wed of Science databases were searched through October 15, 2022. A random or fixed-effects model was used to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR), risk ratio (RR), hazard ratio (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS A total of 16 studies including 529,917 participants met the inclusion criteria, of which 10 reported incidence and 6 reported mortality. For the highest versus lowest categories of circulating 25(OH)D, the pooled OR of pancreatic cancer incidence in case-control studies was 0.98 (95% CI 0.69-1.27), and the pooled HRs of pancreatic cancer mortality in cohort and case-control studies were 0.64 (95% CI 0.45-0.82) and 0.78 (95% CI 0.62-0.95), respectively. The leave-one-out sensitivity analyses found no outliers and Galbraith plots indicated no substantial heterogeneity. CONCLUSION Evidence from this meta-analysis suggested that high circulating 25(OH)D levels may be associated with decreased mortality but not incidence of pancreatic cancer. Our findings may provide some clues for the treatment of pancreatic cancer and remind us to be cautious about widespread vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Shen
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Junfen Xia
- Office of Health Care, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chuncheng Yi
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Tiandong Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Liping Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Keyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Changqing Sun
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Hua Ye
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li J, Zhang H, Zhu H, Dai Z. 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration is positively associated with overall survival in advanced pancreatic cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Res 2023; 117:73-82. [PMID: 37515942 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is predictive of survival following a diagnosis of cancer. However, evidence of the relationship between 25(OH)D and the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer has been inconsistent. We hypothesized that circulating 25(OH)D concentrations may be positively correlated with better prognosis in advanced pancreatic cancer. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science database entries through April 2023, along with the reference lists of related studies, were searched. Additionally, we extracted observational studies reporting the association between 25(OH)D concentrations and the outcome of interest (overall survival [OS]) in advanced pancreatic cancer patients aged 18 years or older. Ultimately, 7 articles involving 2369 patients were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The results indicated that 25(OH)D concentrations were positively correlated with OS (hazard ratio = 2.37; 95% confidence interval, 2.22-2.54; P < .001). No association was found between 25(OH)D and progression-free survival. There was significant heterogeneity between studies in terms of OS (I2 = 85.5%, P < .001). Our subgroup analysis revealed that this high heterogeneity may be attributed to the studies' different regions, designs, sample sources, and detection methods of 25(OH)D. Additionally, Begg's and Egger's tests indicated the presence of publication bias. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis to evaluate the association between 25(OH)D concentrations and OS among patients with pancreatic cancer. Our results suggested that circulating 25(OH)D concentrations were positively correlated with OS, indicating that 25(OH)D may be a potential prognostic marker in advanced pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Pharmaceutical Department, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Department, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongda Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhu Dai
- Pharmaceutical Department, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ibrahim MO, Abuhijleh H, Tayyem R. What Dietary Patterns and Nutrients are Associated with Pancreatic Cancer? Literature Review. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:17-30. [PMID: 36643074 PMCID: PMC9832506 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s390228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This narrative review summarizes the main findings of observational studies (case-control and cohort) as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the role of nutrients and dietary patterns on pancreatic cancer (PC) risk and elucidates possible mechanisms for the association between nutrients or specific food components and the risk of PC. A literature search of MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus was performed. An extensive search of related articles published in the English language from 1985 to 2022 was carried out. Our search included macro- and micronutrient intake as well as dietary patterns associated with PC. In conclusion, the consumption of a diet high in nutrients such as sugar, fats, and red and processed meats can increase the risk of PC. Conversely, a high dietary intake of fresh fruit and vegetables and their associated nutrients like fiber, antioxidants, and polyphenols may prevent PC. Dietary patterns loaded with red and processed meats were also linked to an increased risk of PC, whereas dietary patterns rich in plant-based foods like vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and legumes were associated with a reduced risk of PC. Dietary fiber, fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins, and minerals might also play a protective role against PC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed O Ibrahim
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Mu’tah University, Karak, Jordan
| | - Haya Abuhijleh
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Reema Tayyem
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar,Correspondence: Reema Tayyem, Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar, Email
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Miyaki C, Lynch LM. An Update on Common Pharmaceuticals in the Prevention of Pancreatic Cancer. Cureus 2022; 14:e25496. [PMID: 35800820 PMCID: PMC9246430 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we aim to update readers about the most recent studies on common pharmaceuticals and their association with pancreatic cancer risk. The use of prophylactic aspirin, metformin, beta-blockers, and statins has been studied in the past but showed inconclusive results in the reduction of pancreatic cancer incidence. However, in recent studies, these medications along with combination therapy of aspirin and metformin were found to have a more significant association with decreasing risk. Given the poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer despite treatment, medication prophylaxis prevention should be considered. In this review, we hope to encourage future case-control or prospective studies on common medications that have shown great potential in delaying pancreatic cancer development.
Collapse
|
5
|
Micronutritional status after pylorus preserving duodenopancreatectomy: analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18475. [PMID: 34531424 PMCID: PMC8445937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97438-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical frailty and nutritional malassimilation are often observed after pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer. But long-term data concerning the course of micronutrient status is still missing. Micronutrient status after pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy with a follow-up of 12 months was evaluated using data of a randomized controlled trial. 47 patients were randomized with respect to the physiotherapy regimen they received (intensified physiotherapy: n = 22; standard physiotherapy: n = 25). Nutritional status was recorded preoperatively and postoperatively after one week, 3, 6 and 12 months. BMI, body fat measurement and albumin, lipid, iron and bone metabolism parameters, vitamins A, B1 B6 and B12, homocysteine, folic acid, and trace elements were measured. Laboratory values were analyzed descriptively. Differences between the groups were analyzed using the t-test in SPSS. For vitamin D, B1, B6 and iron a deficiency over time could be demonstrated with 50% of all patients or more being below normal range. The other laboratory values were in low normal range after 3 months and later. Significant differences between groups were found in cholesterol, HDL and selenium levels (corrected p-values < 0.033 in all cases). Vitamin D and iron should be supplemented postoperatively in the long term, and vitamin B1 and B6 substitution should be considered in symptomatic patients. Levels of malnutrition induced fatigue should be comparable between both groups. However, the role of nutritional status on other health-related aspects such as quality of life should be the focus of further studies.Trial Registration Number in the German Registry for Clinical Studies: DRKS00006786; Date of Registration: 01.10.2014.
Collapse
|
6
|
Story MJ. Essential sufficiency of zinc, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin D and magnesium for prevention and treatment of COVID-19, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, lung diseases and cancer. Biochimie 2021; 187:94-109. [PMID: 34082041 PMCID: PMC8166046 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the development of a number of vaccines for COVID-19, there remains a need for prevention and treatment of the virus SARS-CoV-2 and the ensuing disease COVID-19. This report discusses the key elements of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 that can be readily treated: viral entry, the immune system and inflammation, and the cytokine storm. It is shown that the essential nutrients zinc, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), vitamin D and magnesium provide the ideal combination for prevention and treatment of COVID-19: prevention of SARS-CoV-2 entry to host cells, prevention of proliferation of SARS-CoV-2, inhibition of excessive inflammation, improved control of the regulation of the immune system, inhibition of the cytokine storm, and reduction in the effects of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and associated non-communicable diseases. It is emphasized that the non-communicable diseases associated with COVID-19 are inherently more prevalent in the elderly than the young, and that the maintenance of sufficiency of zinc, ω-3 PUFAs, vitamin D and magnesium is essential for the elderly to prevent the occurrence of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, lung diseases and cancer. Annual checking of levels of these essential nutrients is recommended for those over 65 years of age, together with appropriate adjustments in their intake, with these services and supplies being at government cost. The cost:benefit ratio would be huge as the cost of the nutrients and the testing of their levels would be very small compared with the cost savings of specialists and hospitalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Story
- Story Pharmaceutics Pty Ltd, PO Box 6086, Linden Park, South Australia, 5065, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Zhang T, Yang W, Chen H, Geng X, Li G, Chen H, Wang Y, Li L, Sun B. Beneficial Diets and Pancreatic Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Practice. Front Oncol 2021; 11:630972. [PMID: 34123787 PMCID: PMC8193730 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.630972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant tumor with high invasiveness, easy metastatic ability, and chemoresistance. Patients with PC have an extremely low survival rate due to the difficulty in early diagnosis. It is estimated that nearly 90% of PC cases are caused by environmental risk factors. Approximately 50% of PC cases are induced by an unhealthy diet, which can be avoided. Given this large attribution to diet, numerous studies have assessed the relationship between various dietary factors and PC. This article reviews three beneficial diets: a ketogenic diet (KD), a Mediterranean diet (MD), and a low-sugar diet. Their composition and impact mechanism are summarized and discussed. The associations between these three diets and PC were analyzed, and we aimed to provide more help and new insights for the prevention and treatment of PC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongze Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinglong Geng
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guanqun Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongwei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Le Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kwon KJ, Jeong SJ, Eun YG, Oh IH, Lee YC. Risk of cancer in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis in Korea: A nationwide population-based study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25628. [PMID: 33879738 PMCID: PMC8078402 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), a common mucosal lesion, and cancer has not been demonstrated. This study investigated the risk for developing cancer in patients with RAS, based on data from Korea's National Health Insurance Sharing Service (NHISS). Nationwide population-based cohort data from 2005 to 2009 provided by the NHISS was used. The group diagnosed with RAS for 5 years and an undiagnosed control group were constructed through 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM). The experimental design compared the incidence rate of a cancer diagnosis from 2010 to 2015 between these 2 groups. After identifying 13,808 people that met our inclusion criterion from a 1 million cohort group, 13,808 controls were included in the study through PSM. Among all cancers, pancreatic cancer had an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.26 (95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.57, P < .041). For the rest of the cancers, there was no significant incidence rate. RAS was associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer in the analysis using large population-based cohort data. Further long-term follow-up studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ki Jin Kwon
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul
| | - Su Jin Jeong
- Kyung Hee University Hospital, Medical Science Research Institute
| | - Young-Gyu Eun
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul
| | - In Hwan Oh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chan Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rebelo R, Polónia B, Santos LL, Vasconcelos MH, Xavier CPR. Drug Repurposing Opportunities in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:280. [PMID: 33804613 PMCID: PMC8003696 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is considered one of the deadliest tumors worldwide. The diagnosis is often possible only in the latter stages of the disease, with patients already presenting an advanced or metastatic tumor. It is also one of the cancers with poorest prognosis, presenting a five-year survival rate of around 5%. Treatment of PDAC is still a major challenge, with cytotoxic chemotherapy remaining the basis of systemic therapy. However, no major advances have been made recently, and therapeutic options are limited and highly toxic. Thus, novel therapeutic options are urgently needed. Drug repurposing is a strategy for the development of novel treatments using approved or investigational drugs outside the scope of the original clinical indication. Since repurposed drugs have already completed several stages of the drug development process, a broad range of data is already available. Thus, when compared with de novo drug development, drug repurposing is time-efficient, inexpensive and has less risk of failure in future clinical trials. Several repurposing candidates have been investigated in the past years for the treatment of PDAC, as single agents or in combination with conventional chemotherapy. This review gives an overview of the main drugs that have been investigated as repurposing candidates, for the potential treatment of PDAC, in preclinical studies and clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Rebelo
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.R.); (B.P.)
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Polónia
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.R.); (B.P.)
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO—Instituto Português de Oncologia, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- ICBAS—Biomedical Sciences Institute Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Helena Vasconcelos
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.R.); (B.P.)
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP—Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina P. R. Xavier
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.R.); (B.P.)
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP—Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Story MJ. Zinc, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin D: An essential combination for prevention and treatment of cancers. Biochimie 2020; 181:100-122. [PMID: 33307154 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Zinc, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and vitamin D are essential nutrients for health, maturation and general wellbeing. Extensive literature searches have revealed the widespread similarity in molecular biological properties of zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D, and their similar anti-cancer properties, even though they have different modes of action. These three nutrients are separately essential for good health, especially in the aged. Zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D are inexpensive and safe as they are fundamentally natural and have the properties of correcting and inhibiting undesirable actions without disturbing the normal functions of cells or their extracellular environment. This review of the anticancer properties of zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D is made in the context of the hallmarks of cancer. The anticancer properties of zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D can therefore be used beneficially through combined treatment or supplementation. It is proposed that sufficiency of zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D is a necessary requirement during chemotherapy treatment and that clinical trials can have questionable integrity if this sufficiency is not checked and maintained during efficacy trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Story
- Story Pharmaceutics Pty Ltd, PO Box 6086, Linden Park, South Australia, 5065, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Simon TG, Chan AT. Lifestyle and Environmental Approaches for the Primary Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Liver Dis 2020; 24:549-576. [PMID: 33012445 PMCID: PMC7536356 DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Patients with chronic liver disease are at increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Most patients diagnosed with HCC have limited treatment options and a poor overall prognosis, with a 5-year survival less than 15%. Preventing the development of HCC represents the most important strategy. However, current guidelines lack specific recommendations for primary prevention. Lifestyle factors may be central in the pathogenesis of HCC, and primary prevention strategies focused on lifestyle modification could represent an important approach to the prevention of HCC. Both experimental and epidemiologic studies have identified promising chemopreventive agents for the primary prevention of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tracey G. Simon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston MA,Broad Institute, Boston MA,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston MA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang P, Xu J, You W, Hou Y, Wang S, Ma Y, Tan J, Zhang Z, Hu W, Li B. Knockdown of CYP24A1 Aggravates 1α,25(OH) 2D 3-Inhibited Migration and Invasion of Mouse Ovarian Epithelial Cells by Suppressing EMT. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1258. [PMID: 32850381 PMCID: PMC7403498 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) bestows cancer cells with motile and invasive properties. But for ovarian tissues, EMT plays a physiological role in the postovulatory repair of ovary surface epithelial (OSE) cells. Accumulating data indicated that 1α,25(OH)2D3 decreased both the migration and invasion of various cancer cells by suppressing EMT. However, it remains unclear whether 1α,25(OH)2D3 inhibits the process of EMT during different stages of oncogenic transformation in mouse OSE (MOSE) cells. In present study, a spontaneous malignant transformation model of MOSE cells at three sequential stages (early, intermediate and late) was established in vitro first and then subjected to 1α,25(OH)2D3 treatment to investigate the effect of 1α,25(OH)2D3 on the oncogenic transformation of MOSE cells. We found that 1α,25(OH)2D3 significantly reduced the proliferation and invasion of late malignant transformed MOSE (M-L cells) cells by inhibiting EMT both in vitro and in vivo, but not in intermediate transformed (M-I) cells. Importantly, we found that the levels of CYP24A1 in M-I cells were dramatically higher than that in M-L cells following treatment with 1α,25(OH)2D3. Furthermore, we demonstrated that, in both M-I and M-L cells with CYP24A1 knockdown, 1α,25(OH)2D3 suppressed the proliferation and invasion, and reduced the expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, β-catenin and Snail. In addition, knockdown of CYP24A1 suppressed EMT by increasing E-cadherin while decreasing N-cadherin, Vimentin, β-catenin and Snail. These findings provide support for inhibiting CYP24A1 as a potential approach to activate the vitamin D pathway in the prevention and therapy of ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiming Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weijing You
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuiliang Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianming Tan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Irimie AI, Braicu C, Pasca S, Magdo L, Gulei D, Cojocneanu R, Ciocan C, Olariu A, Coza O, Berindan-Neagoe I. Role of Key Micronutrients from Nutrigenetic and Nutrigenomic Perspectives in Cancer Prevention. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55060283. [PMID: 31216637 PMCID: PMC6630934 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55060283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Regarding cancer as a genetic multi-factorial disease, a number of aspects need to be investigated and analyzed in terms of cancer's predisposition, development and prognosis. One of these multi-dimensional factors, which has gained increased attention in the oncological field due to its unelucidated role in risk assessment for cancer, is diet. Moreover, as studies advance, a clearer connection between diet and the molecular alteration of patients is becoming identifiable and quantifiable, thereby replacing the old general view associating specific phenotypical changes with the differential intake of nutrients. Respectively, there are two major fields concentrated on the interrelation between genome and diet: nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. Nutrigenetics studies the effects of nutrition at the gene level, whereas nutrigenomics studies the effect of nutrients on genome and transcriptome patterns. By precisely evaluating the interaction between the genomic profile of patients and their nutrient intake, it is possible to envision a concept of personalized medicine encompassing nutrition and health care. The list of nutrients that could have an inhibitory effect on cancer development is quite extensive, with evidence in the scientific literature. The administration of these nutrients showed significant results in vitro and in vivo regarding cancer inhibition, although more studies regarding administration in effective doses in actual patients need to be done.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Iulia Irimie
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Division Dental Propaedeutics, Aesthetic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Sergiu Pasca
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Lorand Magdo
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Diana Gulei
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cristina Ciocan
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Andrei Olariu
- Nordlogic Software, 10-12, Rene Descartes Street 400486 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ovidiu Coza
- Department of Radiotherapy with High Energies and Brachytherapy, Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Street Republicii, No. 34-36, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Radiotherapy and Medical Oncology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Street Louis Pasteur, No. 4, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta" The Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vitamin D Receptor Fok I Polymorphism and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in HBV-Infected Patients. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.85075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
|
15
|
Zhang X, Huang XZ, Chen WJ, Wu J, Chen Y, Wu CC, Wang ZN. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, vitamin D intake, and pancreatic cancer risk or mortality: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:64395-64406. [PMID: 28969079 PMCID: PMC5610011 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations between vitamin D status, including plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and vitamin D intake, and pancreatic cancer risk and mortality are inconsistent. The aims of this study are to evaluate the antitumor and therapeutic effects of vitamin D status for pancreatic cancer patients. METHODS A literature search for relevant studies was conducted using PubMed and Embase databases. Risk ratio (RR), hazard ratio (HR), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as the effect measures. All statistical analyses were performed using Stata software 12.0. RESULTS Our results indicated that high plasma 25(OH)D levels were inversely associated with pancreatic cancer mortality without significant heterogeneity (HR=0.81, 95% CI=0.68-0.96). However, high plasma 25(OH)D levels could not reduce pancreatic cancer risk (RR=1.02, 95% CI=0.66-1.57). Moreover, vitamin D intake was also not associated with pancreatic cancer risk (RR=1.11, 95% CI=0.67-1.86). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that high plasma 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with improved survival in pancreatic cancer patients. However, there were no significant associations between vitamin D intake or plasma 25(OH)D levels and pancreatic cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Department of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lucheng, Wenzhou 325027, P.R. China
| | - Xuan-Zhang Huang
- Department of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lucheng, Wenzhou 325027, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jun Chen
- Department of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lucheng, Wenzhou 325027, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lucheng, Wenzhou 325027, P.R. China
| | - You Chen
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Wenzhou Dental Hospital, Lucheng, Wenzhou 325027, P.R. China
| | - Cong-Cong Wu
- Department of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lucheng, Wenzhou 325027, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Ning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Heping, Shenyang 110001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chiang KC, Yeh CN, Huang CC, Yeh TS, S Pang JH, Hsu JT, Chen LW, Kuo SF, Kittaka A, Chen TC, Juang HH. 25(OH)D Is Effective to Repress Human Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Growth through the Conversion of 25(OH)D to 1α,25(OH)₂D₃. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081326. [PMID: 27529229 PMCID: PMC5000723 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a devastating disease without effective treatments. 1α,25(OH)2D3, the active form of Vitamin D, has emerged as a new anti-cancer regimen. However, the side effect of hypercalcemia impedes its systemic administration. 25(OH)D is biologically inert and needs hydroxylation by CYP27B1 to form 1α,25(OH)2D3, which is originally believed to only take place in kidneys. Recently, the extra-renal expression of CYP27B1 has been identified and in vitro conversion of 25(OH)D to 1α,25(OH)2D3 has been found in some cancer cells with CYP27B1 expression. In this study, CYP27B1 expression was demonstrated in CCA cells and human CCA specimens. 25(OH)D effectively represses SNU308 cells growth, which was strengthened or attenuated as CYP27B1 overexpression or knockdown. Lipocalcin-2 (LCN2) was also found to be repressed by 25(OH)D. After treatment with 800 ng/mL 25(OH)D, the intracellular 1α,25(OH)2D3 concentration was higher in SNU308 cells with CYP27B1 overexpression than wild type SNU308 cells. In a xenograft animal experiment, 25(OH)D, at a dose of 6 μg/kg or 20 μg/kg, significantly inhibited SNU308 cells’ growth without inducing obvious side effects. Collectively, our results indicated that SNU308 cells were able to convert 25(OH)D to 1α,25(OH)2D3 and 25(OH)D CYP27B1 gene therapy could be deemed as a promising therapeutic direction for CCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chun Chiang
- General Surgery Department and Zebrafish Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung 204, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Nan Yeh
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 244, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Cheng Huang
- Pathology Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung 204, Taiwan.
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 244, Taiwan.
| | - Jong-Hwei S Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 244, Taiwan.
| | - Jun-Te Hsu
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 244, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung 204, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Fong Kuo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung 204, Taiwan.
| | - Atsushi Kittaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan.
| | - Tai C Chen
- Endocrine core lab, boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Horng-Heng Juang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 244, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang G, Lei L, Zhao X, Zhang J, Zhou M, Nan K. Calcitriol Inhibits Cervical Cancer Cell Proliferation Through Downregulation of HCCR1 Expression. Oncol Res 2016; 22:301-9. [PMID: 26629942 PMCID: PMC7842578 DOI: 10.3727/096504015x14424348425991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcitriol (1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) has demonstrated anticancer activity against several tumors. However, the underlying mechanism for this activity is not yet fully understood. Our experiment was designed and performed to address one aspect of this issue in cervical cancer. HeLa S3 cells were cultured in media with various concentrations of calcitriol. Cell proliferation and cell cycle were assessed by spectrophotometry and flow cytometry, respectively. The mRNA and protein expression levels of human cervical cancer oncogene (HCCR-1) and p21 were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Results indicated that calcitriol inhibited HeLa S3 cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. Calcitriol decreased HCCR-1 protein expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, promoter activity analyses revealed that transcriptional regulation was involved in the inhibition of HCCR-1 expression. Overexpression of HCCR-1 in HeLa S3 cells reversed the inhibition of cell proliferation and G1 phase arrest that resulted from calcitriol treatment. In addition, calcitriol increased p21 expression and promoter activity. HCCR-1 overexpression decreased p21 expression and promoter activity. Thus, our results suggested that calcitriol inhibited HeLa S3 cell proliferation by decreasing HCCR-1 expression and increasing p21 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tang B, Chow JYC, Dong TX, Yang SM, Lu DS, Carethers JM, Dong H. Calcium sensing receptor suppresses human pancreatic tumorigenesis through a novel NCX1/Ca(2+)/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cancer Lett 2016; 377:44-54. [PMID: 27108064 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) is functionally expressed in normal human pancreases, but its pathological role in pancreatic tumorigenesis is currently unknown. We sought to investigate the role of CaSR in pancreatic cancer (PC) and the underlying molecular mechanisms. We revealed that the expression of CaSR was consistently downregulated in the primary cancer tissues from PC patients, which was correlated with tumor size, differentiation and poor survival of the patients. CaSR activation markedly suppressed pancreatic tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo likely through the Ca(2+) entry mode of Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger 1 (NCX1) to induce Ca(2+) entry into PC cells. Moreover, NCX1-mediated Ca(2+) entry resulted in Ca(2+)-dependent inhibition of β-catenin signaling in PC cells, eventually leading to the inhibition of pancreatic tumorigenesis. Collectively, we demonstrate for the first time that CaSR exerts a suppressive function in pancreatic tumorigenesis through a novel NCX1/Ca(2+)/β-catenin signaling pathway. Targeting this specific signaling pathway could be a potential therapeutic strategy for PC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jimmy Y C Chow
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tobias Xiao Dong
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Shi-Ming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - De-Sheng Lu
- Cancer Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - John M Carethers
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Davis-Yadley AH, Malafa MP. Vitamins in pancreatic cancer: a review of underlying mechanisms and future applications. Adv Nutr 2015; 6:774-802. [PMID: 26567201 PMCID: PMC4642423 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.009456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there is increasing evidence that vitamins influence pancreatic adenocarcinoma biology and carcinogenesis, a comprehensive review is lacking. In this study, we performed a PubMed literature search to review the anticancer mechanisms and the preclinical and clinical studies that support the development of the bioactive vitamins A, C, D, E, and K in pancreatic cancer intervention. Preclinical studies have shown promising results for vitamin A in pancreatic cancer prevention, with clinical trials showing intriguing responses in combination with immunotherapy. For vitamin C, preclinical studies have shown slower tumor growth rates and/or increased survival when used alone or in combination with gemcitabine, with clinical trials with this combination revealing decreased primary tumor sizes and improved performance status. Preclinical studies with vitamin D analogues have shown potent antiproliferative effects and repression of migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells, with a clinical trial showing increased time to progression when calciferol was added to docetaxel. For vitamin E, preclinical studies have shown that δ-tocotrienol and γ-tocotrienol inhibited tumor cell growth and survival and augmented gemcitabine activity. Early-phase clinical trials with δ-tocotrienol are ongoing. Vitamin K demonstrates activation of apoptosis and inhibition of cellular growth in pancreatic tumor cells; however, there are no clinical studies available for further evaluation. Although preclinical and clinical studies are encouraging, randomized controlled trials with endpoints based on insights gained from mechanistic and preclinical studies and early-phase clinical trials are required to determine the efficacy of bioactive vitamin interventions in pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley H Davis-Yadley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; and Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Mokenge P Malafa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chiang KC, Yeh CN, Lin KJ, Su LJ, Yen TC, Pang JHS, Kittaka A, Sun CC, Chen MF, Jan YY, Chen TC, Juang HH, Yeh TS. Chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin D on cholangiocarcinoma in a Chemical-Induced animal model. Oncotarget 2015; 5:3849-61. [PMID: 24939880 PMCID: PMC4116525 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive cancer. Vitamin D supplementation is getting popular due to its anti-tumor functions after conversion to its active form, 1α,25(OH)2D. Here, we show that dietary supplementation with 6 IU/g of vitamin D greatly suppressed ICC initiation and progression without apparent toxicity in a chemically induced rat model. Microarray analysis of rat ICC tissues showed vitamin D supplementation modulated the expressions of several unique genes, including lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), confirmed by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Further, 53 of 80 human ICC specimens (66%) exhibited high LCN2 expression and LCN2 knockdown in SNU308 cells decreased cell growth and migration, suggesting LCN2 be an oncogene in human ICC. As human ICC SNU1079 cells were treated by 1α,25(OH)2D3, LCN2 expression and cell proliferation were attenuated. The downregulation of LCN2 expression was blunted when vitamin D receptor (VDR) was knocked down, implicating that the in vivo Lcn2 downregulation is a direct consequence of vitamin D supplementation Our results support the prevailing concept that vitamin D status is negatively associated with cancer incidence and mortality and suggest LCN2 may be a potential target against ICC. Further studies of application of vitamin D or its analogs against ICC are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chun Chiang
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tai C Chen
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Horng-Heng Juang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkoul, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lungchukiet P, Sun Y, Kasiappan R, Quarni W, Nicosia SV, Zhang X, Bai W. Suppression of epithelial ovarian cancer invasion into the omentum by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and its receptor. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 148:138-47. [PMID: 25448740 PMCID: PMC4465764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of gynecological cancer death in women, mainly because it has spread to intraperitoneal tissues such as the omentum in the peritoneal cavity by the time of diagnosis. In the present study, we established in vitro assays, ex vivo omental organ culture system and syngeneic animal tumor models using wild type (WT) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) null mice to investigate the effects of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) and VDR on EOC invasion. Treatment of human EOC cells with 1,25D3 suppressed their migration and invasion in monolayer scratch and transwell assays and ability to colonize the omentum in the ex vivo system, supporting a role for epithelial VDR in interfering with EOC invasion. Furthermore, VDR knockdown in OVCAR3 cells increased their ability to colonize the omentum in the ex vivo system in the absence of 1,25D3, showing a potential ligand-independent suppression of EOC invasion by epithelial VDR. In syngeneic models, ID8 tumors exhibited an increased ability to colonize omenta of VDR null over that of WT mice; pre-treatment of WT, not VDR null, mice with EB1089 reduced ID8 colonization, revealing a role for stromal VDR in suppressing EOC invasion. These studies are the first to demonstrate a role for epithelial and stromal VDR in mediating the activity of 1,25D3 as well as a 1,25D3-independent action of the VDR in suppressing EOC invasion. The data suggest that VDR-based drug discovery may lead to the development of new intervention strategies to improve the survival of patients with EOC at advanced stages. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Vitamin D Workshop".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panida Lungchukiet
- The Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 64, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, USA
| | - Yuefeng Sun
- The Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 64, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, USA
| | - Ravi Kasiappan
- The Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 64, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, USA
| | - Waise Quarni
- The Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 64, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, USA
| | - Santo V Nicosia
- The Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 64, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, USA; Oncological Sciences, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 64, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, USA; Chemical Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 64, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, USA
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- The Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 64, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, USA; Oncological Sciences, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 64, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, USA; University of South Florida College of Medicine, and Programs of Cancer Biology & Evolution, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 64, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, USA
| | - Wenlong Bai
- The Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 64, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, USA; Oncological Sciences, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 64, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, USA; University of South Florida College of Medicine, and Programs of Cancer Biology & Evolution, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 64, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest and differentiation contribute toward the antiproliferative action of BSO and calcitriol on Caco-2 cells. Anticancer Drugs 2015; 25:810-8. [PMID: 24681551 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis and incidence of colon cancer are linked to vitamin D3 serum levels. To evaluate the effects of D,L-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine (BSO), 1,25(OH)2D3 and their combination on intestinal Caco-2 cell growth, to elucidate the possible cellular mechanisms involved in their antiproliferative action, and to determine whether BSO acts as a sensitizer to 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment, enabling minimization of the toxic effects caused by high doses of the steroid. Human colon cancer Caco-2 cells were treated with 1,25(OH)2D3, BSO, both, or vehicle. Cell proliferation was evaluated by crystal violet staining. Cell cycle and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by flow cytometry. Total glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase, superoxide anion levels, and alkaline phosphatase activities were analyzed by spectrophotometry. DNA fragmentation was evaluated using the terminal dUTP nick end labeling assay. BSO and 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited Caco-2 cell growth, an effect that was higher with the combined treatment. The antiproliferative effect produced by the combination could be protected by ascorbic acid. BSO plus 1,25(OH)2D3 induced cell cycle arrest and suppressed cell division. Total glutathione decreased and superoxide anion increased with BSO and BSO plus 1,25(OH)2D3. Catalase activity increased with the combined treatment. Mitochondrial membrane potential and alkaline phosphatase activity were altered by 1,25(OH)2D3 alone or plus BSO. The percentage of terminal dUTP nick end labeling-positive cells was increased. BSO increases the antiproliferative effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on Caco-2 cells through induction of oxidative stress, which occurs simultaneously with DNA breakage. The antioxidant system can partially compensate the damage induced by BSO plus 1,25(OH)2D3. Cell differentiation induction is also involved in the response to the combined treatment.
Collapse
|
23
|
Andrés V. Vitamin D puts the brakes on angiotensin II-induced oxidative stress and vascular smooth muscle cell senescence. Atherosclerosis 2014; 236:444-7. [PMID: 25173069 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Signaling via both vitamin D (VitD) and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays important roles in physiological processes. Evidence has mounted linking cardiovascular disease to both increased activity of the RAS and VitD deficiency. Although several studies have established functional relationships between the RAS and VitD, many aspects of their complex interaction remain unknown. In this issue of Atherosclerosis, Valcheva and colleagues show that defective VitD signaling can promote vascular damage by inducing premature senescence of smooth muscle cells due to elevated local production of angiotensin II and reactive oxygen species, and upregulation of the tumor suppressor p57(Kip2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Andrés
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Atherothrombosis, Imaging and Epidemiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Luo W, Hershberger PA, Trump DL, Johnson CS. 24-Hydroxylase in cancer: impact on vitamin D-based anticancer therapeutics. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 136:252-7. [PMID: 23059474 PMCID: PMC3686893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2012.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The active vitamin D hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) plays a major role in regulating calcium homeostasis and bone mineralization. 1,25(OH)2D3 also modulates cellular proliferation and differentiation in a variety of cell types. 24-Hydroxylase, encoded by the CYP24A1 gene, is the key enzyme which converts 1,25(OH)2D3 to less active calcitroic acid. Nearly all cell types express 24-hydroxylase, the highest activity being observed in the kidney. There is increasing evidence linking the incidence and prognosis of certain cancers to low serum 25(OH)D3 levels and high expression of vitamin D 24-hydroxylase, supporting the idea that elevated CYP24A1 expression may stimulate degradation of vitamin D metabolites including 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3. The over expression of CYP24A1 in cancer cells may be a factor affecting 1,25(OH)2D3 bioavailability and anti-proliferative activity pre-clinically and clinically. The combination of 1,25(OH)2D3 with CYP24A1 inhibitors enhances 1,25(OH)2D3 mediated signaling and anti-proliferative effects and may be useful in overcoming effects of aberrant CYP24A1 expression. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Vitamin D Workshop'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Pamela A. Hershberger
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Donald L. Trump
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Candace S. Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
- Corresponding author: Candace S. Johnson, PhD, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263. Tel: 716-845-8300; fax: 716-845-1258.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chiang KC, Yeh CN, Hsu JT, Yeh TS, Jan YY, Wu CT, Chen HY, Jwo SC, Takano M, Kittaka A, Juang HH, Chen TC. Evaluation of the potential therapeutic role of a new generation of vitamin D analog, MART-10, in human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:1316-25. [PMID: 23549173 DOI: 10.4161/cc.24445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease with no known effective chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and most patients are diagnosed in the late stage, making them unsuitable for surgery. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α,25(OH)2D3] is known to possess antitumor actions in many cancer cells in vitro and in vivo models. However, its clinical use is hampered by hypercalcemia. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness and safety of a new generation, less calcemic analog of 1α,25(OH)2D3, 19-nor-2α-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (MART-10), in BxPC-3 human pancreatic carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that MART-10 is at least 100-fold more potent than 1α,25(OH)2D3 in inhibiting BxPC-3 cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner, accompanied by a greater upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27 and a greater downregulation of cyclin D3 and cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 5, leading to a greater increase in the fraction of cells in G0/G1 phase. No induction of apoptosis and no effect on Cdc25 phosphatases A and C were observed in the presence of either MART-10 or 1α,25(OH)2D3. In a xenograft mouse model, treatment with 0.3 µg/kg body weight of MART-10 twice/week for 3 weeks caused a greater suppression of BxPC-3 tumor growth than the same dose of 1α,25(OH)2D3 without inducing hypercalcemia and weight loss. In conclusion, MART-10 is a promising agent against pancreatic cancer growth. Further clinical trial is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chun Chiang
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
MART-10, a New Generation of Vitamin D Analog, Is More Potent than 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D(3) in Inhibiting Cell Proliferation and Inducing Apoptosis in ER+ MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:310872. [PMID: 23304196 PMCID: PMC3530235 DOI: 10.1155/2012/310872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hormone antagonist therapy for estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer patients post radical surgery and radiation therapy has a poor prognosis and also causes bone loss. 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α,25(OH)2D3] is a potent antitumor agent in pre-clinical studies, but caused hypercalcemia when its effective antitumor doses were used. Therefore, we investigated the effects of a less-calcemic 1α,25(OH)2D3 analog, 19-nor-2α-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (MART-10), on ER+MCF-7 cells. We demonstrate that MART-10 is 500- to 1000-fold more potent than 1α,25(OH)2D3 in inhibiting cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner. MART-10 is also much more potent in arresting MCF-7cell cycle progression at G0/G1 phase as compared to 1α,25(OH)2D3, possibly mediated by a greater induction of p21 and p27 expression. Moreover, MART-10 is more active than 1α,25(OH)2D3 in causing cell apoptosis, likely through a higher BAX/Bcl expression ratio and the subsequent cytochrome C release from mitochondria to cytosol. Based on our in vitro findings, MART-10 could be a promising vitamin D analog for the potential treatment of breast cancer, for example, ER+ patients, to decrease the tumor relapse rate and the side effect on bone caused by antihormone regimens. Thus, further in vivo animal study is warranted.
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang L, Ma J, Zhang X, Fan Y, Wang L. Protective role of the vitamin D receptor. Cell Immunol 2012; 279:160-6. [PMID: 23246677 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 09/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is found in most tissues, not just those participating in the classic actions of vitamin D such as bone, gut, and kidney. The nonclassic actions are therefore potential targets for the active metabolite of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)₂D₃. This review is intended to highlight the actions of VDR in role of protection. Medline is searched for articles describing actions of VDR on secondary hyperparathyroidism, diabetic nephropathy, hypertension and atherosclerosis. VDR exerts its protective activities through the following mechanisms: inhibition of renin-angiotensin system (RAS); regulation of proliferation and differentiation; reduction of proteinuria; anti-inflammation and anti-fibrosis. The nonclassic actions of VDR provide a number of potential new clinical applications for 1,25(OH)₂D₃ and its analogs. We believe 1,25(OH)₂D₃/VDR can be of particular value in the prevention of kidney-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Krishnan AV, Trump DL, Johnson CS, Feldman D. The role of vitamin D in cancer prevention and treatment. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2012; 38:161-78. [PMID: 22525850 PMCID: PMC5731474 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2012.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Considerable data described in the first part of this review suggest that there is a role for vitamin D in cancer therapy and prevention. Although the preclinical data are persuasive and the epidemiologic data intriguing, no well-designed clinical trial of optimal administration of vitamin D as a cancer therapy has ever been conducted. Had there been the opportunity and insight to develop calcitriol as any other cancer drug, the following studies would have been completed: 1. Definition of the MTD. 2. Definition of a phase II dose, as a single agent and in combination with cytotoxic agents. 3. Studies to define a biologically optimal dose. 4. Phase II (probably randomized phase II) studies of calcitriol alone and chemotherapy ± calcitriol. 5. Then, randomized phase III trials would be conducted and designed such that the only variable was the administration of calcitriol. Prerequisites 1 to 5 have not been completed for calcitriol. Preclinical data provide considerable rationale for continued development of vitamin D analogue-based cancer therapies. However, design of future studies should be informed by good clinical trials design principles and the mistakes of the past not repeated. Such studies may finally provide compelling data to prove whether or not there is a role for vitamin D analogues in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aruna V. Krishnan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room S-025, Stanford, CA 94305-5103, USA
| | - Donald L. Trump
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Candace S. Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - David Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room S-025, Stanford, CA 94305-5103, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chiang KC, Yeh CN, Chen HY, Lee JM, Juang HH, Chen MF, Takano M, Kittaka A, Chen TC. 19-Nor-2α-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (MART-10) is a potent cell growth regulator with enhanced chemotherapeutic potency in liver cancer cells. Steroids 2011; 76:1513-9. [PMID: 21888924 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2011.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The discovery that the active form of vitamin D, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1α,25(OH)(2)D] can modulate cellular proliferation and differentiation of cancer cells has led to its potential application as a chemotherapeutic agent to treat a variety of cancers. However, the use of 1α,25(OH)(2)D is limited due to its lethal side effect of hypercalcemia upon systemic administration. To overcome this drawback, numerous analogs have been synthesized. In this report, we examined the anti-proliferative activity of a new analog, 19-nor-2α-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1α,25(OH)(2)D(3) (MART-10), in HepG2 liver cancer cells, and studied the potential mechanisms mediating this action. We found that MART-10 exhibited approximately 100-fold greater activity than 1α,25(OH)(2)D(3) in inhibiting HepG2 cell proliferation as determined by cell number counting method. MART-10 was also approximately 100-fold more potent than 1α,25(OH)(2)D(3) in the upregulation of p21 and p27, that in turn arrested HepG2 cells at the G(0)/G(1) phase to a greater extent. Given that no active caspase 3 was detected and treatment with 1α,25(OH)(2)D(3) or MART-10 did not further increase the fractions of apoptotic and necrosis cells over the controls, the growth-inhibitory effect of 1α,25(OH)(2)D(3) and MART-10 on HepG2 cells may not involve apoptosis. Overall, our findings suggest that MART-10 is a good candidate as a novel therapeutic regimen against liver cancer. Further pre-clinical studies using animal models and the subsequent human clinical trials are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chun Chiang
- General Surgery Department of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wolpin BM, Ng K, Bao Y, Kraft P, Stampfer MJ, Michaud DS, Ma J, Buring JE, Sesso HD, Lee IM, Rifai N, Cochrane BB, Wactawski-Wende J, Chlebowski RT, Willett WC, Manson JE, Giovannucci EL, Fuchs CS. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 21:82-91. [PMID: 22086883 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laboratory studies suggest that vitamin D may inhibit pancreatic cancer cell growth. However, epidemiologic studies of vitamin D and pancreatic cancer risk have been conflicting. METHODS To determine whether prediagnostic levels of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D; IDS Inc.; enzyme immunoassay) were associated with risk of pancreatic cancer, we conducted a pooled analysis of nested case-control studies with 451 cases and 1,167 controls from five cohorts through 2008. Median follow-up among controls was 14.1 years in Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS), 18.3 years in Nurses' Health Study (NHS), 25.3 years in Physicians' Health Study (PHS), 12.2 years in Women's Health Initiative-Observational Study (WHI), and 14.4 years in Women's Health Study (WHS). Logistic regression was used to compare the odds of pancreatic cancer by plasma level of 25(OH)D. RESULTS Mean plasma 25(OH)D was lower in cases versus controls (61.3 vs. 64.5 nmol/L, P = 0.005). In logistic regression models, plasma 25(OH)D was inversely associated with odds of pancreatic cancer. Participants in quintiles two through five had multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% confidence intervals) of 0.79 (0.56-1.10), 0.75 (0.53-1.06), 0.68 (0.48-0.97), and 0.67 (0.46-0.97; P(trend) = 0.03), respectively, compared with the bottom quintile. Compared with those with insufficient levels [25[OH]D, <50 nmol/L], ORs were 0.75 (0.58-0.98) for subjects with relative insufficiency [25[OH]D, 50 to <75 nmol/L] and 0.71 (0.52-0.97) for those with sufficient levels [25[OH]D, ≥ 75 nmol/L]. No increased risk was noted in subjects with 25(OH)D ≥100 nmol/L, as suggested in a prior study. In subgroup analyses, ORs for the top versus bottom quartile of 25(OH)D were 0.72 (0.48-1.08) for women, 0.73 (0.40-1.31) for men, and 0.73 (0.51-1.03) for Whites. CONCLUSIONS Among participants in five large prospective cohorts, higher plasma levels of 25(OH)D were associated with a lower risk for pancreatic cancer. IMPACT Low circulating 25(OH)D may predispose individuals to the development of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Wolpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
The non-classical actions of vitamin D, namely antiproliferation, pro-differentiation, pro-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, and immune regulation, have received great attention during the past decade. Increasing evidence from epidemiological studies showing the inverse association between vitamin D status and incidence of many forms of cancer as well as biochemical studies has suggested that vitamin D deficiency may play a role in the cause and progression of these types of cancer. Recently, vitamin D and its analogs have been deemed as potential regimen to treat a variety of cancers alone or in combination with other drugs. Although, the epidemiologic evidence regarding the association of vitamin D and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still inconclusive, biochemical evidence clearly indicates that HCC cells are responsive to the inhibitory effect of vitamin D and its analogs. In this review, we discuss the current status of HCC and its treatment, the source, metabolism, functions, and the mechanism of actions of vitamin D, and the biochemical studies of vitamin D analogs and their implications in the prevention and treatment of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chun Chiang
- General Surgery Department of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Impact of gender on vitamin D deficiency in morbidly obese patients: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2011; 66:83-90. [PMID: 21792214 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Obesity is associated with vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) <50 nmol/l). We aimed to examine the effect of gender on vitamin D status in severe obesity. SUBJECTS/METHODS Cross-sectional study of 2026 morbidly obese patients examined consecutively at a tertiary care centre between November 2005 and June 2010. Serum 25(OH)D concentration and use of vitamin D supplements were registered in all patients. Total vitamin D intake (μg/day) was assessed in a subgroup of 154 patients using a validated food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS The male (n=690) and female (n=1336) patients had a mean (s.d.) age of 45.0 (12.1) years and 42.2 (12.2) years (P<0.001), body mass index (BMI) of 44.6 (6.0) kg/m(2) and 44.3 (5.9) kg/m(2) (P=0.30) and waist circumference (WC) of 140 (13) cm and 127 (13) cm (P<0.001), respectively. Male patients had significantly lower mean 25(OH)D concentrations than female patients 50.0 (22.0) nmol/l versus 53.6 (22.4) nmol/l (P=0.001) and a higher rate of vitamin D deficiency (56% versus 47%; P<0.001). Obese men had significantly higher odds of vitamin D deficiency than women (odds ratio=1.41; 95% confidence interval: 1.17-1.70, P<0.001), also after adjustment for season, age, current smoking, intake of vitamin D supplements, BMI and WC (odds ratio=1.39; 95% confidence interval: 1.10-1.76). CONCLUSIONS Morbidly obese Norwegian men seeking weight loss treatment have significantly higher odds of vitamin D deficiency than women. Monitoring of 25(OH)D concentrations in obese patients should therefore take gender into account.
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
The discovery of the vitamin D endocrine system and a receptor for the hormonal form, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3), has brought a new understanding of the relationship between vitamin D and metabolic bone diseases, and has also established the functions of vitamin D beyond the skeleton. This has ushered in many investigations into the possible roles of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular disorders, infectious diseases, cancers and granuloma-forming diseases. This article presents an evaluation of the possible roles of vitamin D in these diseases. The potential of vitamin D-based therapies in treating diseases for which the evidence is most compelling is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lori A Plum
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1544, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Role of vitamin d in the prevention of pancreatic cancer. J Nutr Metab 2011; 2010:721365. [PMID: 21274445 PMCID: PMC3025373 DOI: 10.1155/2010/721365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a malignancy of poor prognosis which is mostly diagnosed at advanced stages. Current treatment modalities are very limited creating great interest for novel preventive and therapeutic options. Vitamin D seems to have a protective effect against pancreatic cancer by participating in numerous proapoptotic, antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, prodifferentiating, and immunomodulating mechanisms. 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] serum concentrations are currently the best indicator of vitamin D status. There are three main sources of vitamin D: sun exposure, diet,and dietary supplements. Sun exposure has been associated with lower incidence of pancreatic cancer in ecological studies. Increased vitamin D levels seem to protect against pancreatic cancer, but caution is needed as excessive dietary intake may have opposite results. Future studies will verify the role of vitamin D in the prevention and therapy of pancreatic cancer and will lead to guidelines on adequate sun exposure and vitamin D dietary intake.
Collapse
|
35
|
Chiang KC, Yeh CN, Chen TC. Vitamin d and pancreatic cancer-an update. Cancers (Basel) 2011; 3:213-26. [PMID: 24212614 PMCID: PMC3756357 DOI: 10.3390/cancers3010213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/31/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-classical actions of vitamin D, namely anti-proliferation, pro-differentiation, immune function modulation, and anti-inflammation, have received great attention during the past decade, in particular, the potential of vitamin D analogs alone or in combination with other anticancer agents for the treatment of a variety of cancers. The association between vitamin D status and the higher incidence of many forms of cancer has suggested that vitamin D may play a role in the etiology of these types of cancer. Although it is still controversial whether this association exists for pancreatic cancer, biochemical evidence clearly indicates pancreatic cancer cells are responsive to the inhibitory effect of vitamin D and its analogs. In this review, we discuss briefly the origin and current therapy of pancreatic cancer, the history, source, metabolism and functions of vitamin D, the recent progress in the epidemiological studies of sunlight, and vitamin D status, and biochemical studies of vitamin D analogs in the prevention and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chun Chiang
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taiwan; E-Mails: (K.C.C.); (C.N.Y.)
| | - Chun-Nan Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taiwan; E-Mails: (K.C.C.); (C.N.Y.)
| | - Tai C. Chen
- Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bioevaluation of a novel [32P]-CP-PLLA microparticle for pancreatic cancer treatment. Drug Dev Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.20379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
37
|
Current world literature. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2010; 17:384-93. [PMID: 20588116 DOI: 10.1097/med.0b013e32833c4b2b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
38
|
Kushnir MM, Ray JA, Rockwood AL, Roberts WL, La’ulu SL, Whittington JE, Meikle AW. Rapid analysis of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(2) and D(3) by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and association of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone concentrations in healthy adults. Am J Clin Pathol 2010; 134:148-56. [PMID: 20551279 DOI: 10.1309/ajcppia7dfbt4gks] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OH-vitD) is used to assess vitamin D status. We developed a high-sensitivity measurement method for 25OH-vitD and assessed the relationship between 25OH-vitD and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in healthy adults. Aliquots (100 microL) of serum were spiked with internal standard, proteins were precipitated, and samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using 2-dimensional chromatographic separation. Total imprecision was less than 10%, and the limit of quantitation was 1.0 ng/mL. We determined the distribution of concentrations of 25OH-vitD(2) and 25OH-vitD(3) in healthy adults using samples collected during winter and summer and evaluated the association between 25OH-vitD and PTH. The difference between median concentrations of 25OH-vitD in samples collected during winter and summer was 11 ng/mL (27 nmol/L). Statistically significant differences in concentrations of PTH were observed between groups of samples with 25OH-vitD less than 11 (27 nmol/L) and 11 to 15 ng/mL (27-37 nmol/L) and between groups with 25 to 30 (62-75 nmol/L) and more than 40 ng/mL (100 nmol/L). Among the advantages of this method are its high sensitivity and specificity.
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, which makes it difficult to treat. The low survival rate of patients with pancreatic cancer points towards an increased need for novel therapeutic and chemopreventive strategies and also early detection of this disease. Increased consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with a reduced risk of pancreatic cancer. Synthetic and natural, diet-derived bioactive compounds have been evaluated as pancreatic cancer chemopreventive agents and have demonstrated various degrees of efficacy in cellular and in vivo animal models. Some chemopreventive agents (for example, curcumin or resveratrol) have also been reported to sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to standard chemotherapeutic drugs (for example, gemcitabine or erlotinib), which suggests that chemopreventive agents could potentially be used as potentiators of standard chemotherapy. Few clinical trials of pancreatic cancer chemopreventive agents have been completed and some are in early phases. Further development of pancreatic cancer chemopreventive agents may prove to be tremendously valuable for individuals at high risk of developing pancreatic cancer and patients who present with premalignant lesions. This Review discusses the current state of the pancreatic cancer chemoprevention field and highlights the challenges ahead.
Collapse
|
40
|
Krishnan AV, Trump DL, Johnson CS, Feldman D. The role of vitamin D in cancer prevention and treatment. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2010; 39:401-18, table of contents. [PMID: 20511060 PMCID: PMC5788175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2010.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)), the hormonally active form of vitamin D, exerts growth inhibitory and prodifferentiating effects on many malignant cells and retards tumor growth in animal models. Calcitriol is being evaluated as an anticancer agent in several human cancers. The mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of calcitriol include inhibition of cell proliferation, stimulation of apoptosis, suppression of inflammation, and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. This review discusses some of the molecular pathways mediating these anticancer actions of calcitriol and the preclinical data in cell culture and animal models. The clinical trials evaluating the use of calcitriol and its analogues in the treatment of patients with cancer are described. The reasons for the lack of impressive beneficial effects in clinical trials compared with the substantial efficacy seen in preclinical models are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aruna V. Krishnan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room S-025, Stanford, CA 94305-5103, USA
| | - Donald L. Trump
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Candace S. Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - David Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room S-025, Stanford, CA 94305-5103, USA
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|