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Herwig R, Erlbacher K, Ibrahimagic A, Kacar M, Brajshori N, Beqiri P, Greilberger J. Vitamin D-Dimer: A Possible Biomolecule Modulator in Cytotoxic and Phagocytosis Processes? Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081785. [PMID: 35892685 PMCID: PMC9331816 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D3 complexed to deglycosylated vitamin D binding protein (VitD-dgVDBP) is a water-soluble vitamin D dimeric compound (VitD-dgVDBP). It is not clear how VitD-dgVDBP affects circulating monocytes, macrophages, other immune cell systems, including phagocytosis and apoptosis, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to dgVDBP. Methods: Flow cytometry was used to measure superoxide anion radical (O2*−) levels and macrophage activity in the presence of VitD-dgVDBP or dgVDBP. VitD-dgVDBP was incubated with normal human lymphocytes (nPBMCs), and several clusters of determination (CDs) were estimated. dgVDBP and VitD-dgVDBP apoptosis was estimated on malignant prostatic cells. Results: The macrophage activity was 2.8-fold higher using VitD-dgVDBP (19.8·106 counts) compared to dgVDBP (7.0·106 counts), but O2*− production was 1.8-fold lower in favor of VitD-dgVDBP (355·103 counts) compared to dgVDBP (630·106 counts). The calculated ratio of the radical/macrophage activity was 5-fold lower compared to that of dgVDBP. Only VitD-dgVDBP activated caspase-3 (8%), caspase-9 (13%), and cytochrome-C (11%) on prostatic cancer cells. PE-Cy7-labeled VitD-dgVDBP was found to bind to cytotoxic suppressor cells, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic and natural killer cells (CD8+), and helper cells (CD4+). After 12 h of co-incubation of nPBMCs with VitD-dgVDBP, significant activation and expression were measured for CD16++/CD16 (0.6 ± 0.1% vs. 0.4 ± 0.1%, p < 0.05), CD45k+ (96.0 ± 6.0% vs. 84.7 ± 9.5%, p < 0.05), CD85k+ (24.3 ± 13.2% vs. 3.8 ± 3.2%, p < 0.05), and CD85k+/CD123+ (46.8 ± 8.1% vs. 3.5 ± 3.7%, p < 0.001) compared to the control experiment. No significant difference was found using CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4/CD8, CD4/CD8, CD16+, CD16++, CD14+, or CD123+. A significant decline in CD14+/CD16+ was obtained in the presence of VitD-dgVDBP (0.7 ± 0.2% vs. 3.1 ± 1.7%; p < 0.01). Conclusion: The newly developed water-soluble VitD3 form VitD-dgVDBP affected cytotoxic suppressor cells by activating the low radical-dependent CD16 pathway and seemed to induce apoptosis in malignant prostatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Herwig
- Laboratories PD Dr. R. Herwig, 80337 Munich, Germany; (R.H.); (K.E.)
- Heimerer-College, 10000 Pristina, Kosovo; (N.B.); (P.B.)
| | | | - Amela Ibrahimagic
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology and Audiology, Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation, University of Tuzla, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Mehtap Kacar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Ataşehir, 34755 İstanbul, Turkey;
- Department of Pathophysiology, Health Sciences Institute, Yeditepe University, Ataşehir, 34755 İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Petrit Beqiri
- Heimerer-College, 10000 Pristina, Kosovo; (N.B.); (P.B.)
| | - Joachim Greilberger
- Institut fuer Laborwissenschaften, 8301 Lassnitzhoehe, Austria
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence:
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Reduced Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Output Is Associated With High Risk in Low-grade Myelodysplastic Syndrome. Hemasphere 2022; 6:e685. [PMID: 35136856 PMCID: PMC8815631 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Rasmussen NS, Nielsen CT, Nielsen CH, Jacobsen S. Microvesicles in active lupus nephritis show Toll-like receptor 9-dependent co-expression of galectin-3 binding protein and double-stranded DNA. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 204:64-77. [PMID: 33354779 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microvesicles (MVs) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) express the type 1 interferon (IFN)-inducible protein galectin-3 binding protein (G3BP), which may enhance their deposition in the glomerular basement membrane. The release of G3BP-expressing MVs from normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is induced by Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR-9) ligands, and these vesicles contain autoantibody-accessible double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). This study compares the release of MVs expressing G3BP and dsDNA from PBMCs derived from SLE patients with or without active lupus nephritis (LN) and from healthy donors, and taps further into the potential dependency on IFN-α for their generation and impacts of TLR-7/TLR-9 co-stimulation. PBMCs from 10 healthy donors and 12 SLE patients, six of whom had active LN at study inclusion, were stimulated in-vitro with recombinant human IFN-α and the TLR-9 agonists oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN)2216 or ODN2395 alone or in combination with the TLR-7 agonist gardiquimod. MVs in the supernatants were subsequently isolated by differential centrifugation and their expression of G3BP and dsDNA was quantified by flow cytometry. Stimulation with ODN2395 significantly increased the release of MVs co-expressing G3BP and dsDNA from PBMCs isolated from healthy donors and SLE patients. The expression of G3BP on individual MVs and the proportion of G3BP and dsDNA double-positive MVs released were increased in active LN patients. Neither co-stimulation with gardiquimod nor with the IFN-α inhibitor IN-1 had any effect on the MV release induced by ODN2395. In conclusion, the TLR-9-mediated inducibility of MVs co-expressing G3BP and dsDNA is increased in SLE patients with active LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Rasmussen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C T Nielsen
- Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C H Nielsen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Jacobsen
- Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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4
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Zhu L, Wang P, Zhang W, Li Q, Xiong J, Li J, Deng X, Liu Y, Yang C, Kong P, Peng X, Zhong JF, Rao J, Zhang X. Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Infiltration in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:11411-11419. [PMID: 33192098 PMCID: PMC7654521 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s260825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Increasing evidence has demonstrated that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) play an important role in tumorigenesis and progression. PDC infiltration has been found in certain malignancies such as classic Hodgkin’s lymphoma and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Our previous work reported that PDC infiltration could occur in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but the clinical significance of PDC in AML has not been thoroughly investigated. Patients and Methods Here, we evaluated the clinical significance of PDC to AML transition in a leukemia microenvironment. The frequency of PDCs in 80 acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AML-M4) and 83 acute monocytic leukemia (AML-M5) patients was determined by flow cytometry. Results We found 62 cases with PDC infiltration. These patients showed higher numbers of bone marrow blasts, higher mean Hb concentration, and required more cycles of chemotherapy before achieving complete remission (CR), but had lower white blood cell and platelet counts compared to patients without PDC infiltration. Drug sensitivity analysis showed that patients with PDC infiltration had lower sensitivity to standard chemotherapy regimens. Kaplan–Meier survival curves demonstrated that patients with PDC infiltration had a shorter overall survival (OS) time and progression-free survival time. Discussion These results suggested that PDC infiltration can be used for risk stratification of AML-M4/M5, and PDCs may transdifferentiate into leukemia in an AML microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Zhu
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Li
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingkang Xiong
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Li
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Deng
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Liu
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyan Kong
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangui Peng
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang F Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jun Rao
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
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Balhorn R, Balhorn MC, Balakrishnan K, Rebhun RB. The small molecule antibody mimic SH7139 targets a family of HLA-DRs expressed by B-cell lymphomas and other solid cancers. J Drug Target 2020; 28:1124-1136. [PMID: 32588667 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1787418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Selective high-affinity ligands (SHALs) belong to a novel class of small-molecule cancer therapeutics that function as targeted prodrugs. SH7139, the most advanced of the SHAL drugs designed to bind to a unique β-subunit structural epitope located on HLA-DR10, has exhibited exceptional preclinical efficacy and safety profiles. A comparison of SH7139 and SH7129, a biotin derivative of the drug developed for use as a diagnostic, showed the incorporation of a biotin tag did not alter the SHALs ability to target or kill HLA-DR10 expressing Raji cells. The use of SH7129 in an immuno-histochemical type assay to stain peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from individuals expressing specific HLA-DRB1 alleles has also revealed that in addition to HLA-DR10, seven other more commonly expressed HLA-DRs are targeted by the drug. Computational dockings of the SHAL's recognition ligands to a number of HLA-DR structures explain, in part, why the targeting domains of SH7129 and SH7139 bind to some HLA-DRs but not others. The results also substantiate the selectivity of SH7129 and suggest it may prove useful as a companion diagnostic for pre-screening biopsy samples to identify those patients whose tumours should respond to SH7139 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karuppiah Balakrishnan
- Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Robert B Rebhun
- The Comparative Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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6
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van Splunter M, Perdijk O, Fick-Brinkhof H, Floris-Vollenbroek EG, Meijer B, Brugman S, Savelkoul HFJ, van Hoffen E, Joost van Neerven RJ. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell and myeloid dendritic cell function in ageing: A comparison between elderly and young adult women. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225825. [PMID: 31830086 PMCID: PMC6907850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is associated with a changing immune system, leading to inflammageing (increased levels of inflammation markers in serum) and immunosenescence (reduced immune cells and reduced responses towards pathogens). This results in reduced vaccination responses and increased infections in elderly. Much is known about the adaptive immune system upon ageing, but less is known about the innate immune system. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare innate immune function of Toll like receptor (TLR)-mediated responses between elderly and young adult women. To this end, elderly and young adult women were compared to study the effect of ageing on the relative prevalence and reactivity to TLR-mediated responses of myeloid- and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (mDC, pDC). In addition, TLR expression and inflammatory markers in serum were investigated. Elderly women had reduced numbers of circulating pDCs. In addition, pDCs and mDCs of elderly women responded differently towards TLR stimulation, especially TLR7/8 mediated stimulation was reduced, compared to young adults. In serum, markers involved in inflammation were generally increased in elderly. In conclusion, this study confirms and extends the knowledge about immunosenescence and inflammageing on innate immunity in elderly women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olaf Perdijk
- Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Ben Meijer
- Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Brugman
- Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - R. J. Joost van Neerven
- Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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7
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Balan S, Saxena M, Bhardwaj N. Dendritic cell subsets and locations. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 348:1-68. [PMID: 31810551 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a unique class of immune cells that act as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. The discovery of DCs by Cohen and Steinman in 1973 laid the foundation for DC biology, and the advances in the field identified different versions of DCs with unique properties and functions. DCs originate from hematopoietic stem cells, and their differentiation is modulated by Flt3L. They are professional antigen-presenting cells that patrol the environmental interphase, sites of infection, or infiltrate pathological tissues looking for antigens that can be used to activate effector cells. DCs are critical for the initiation of the cellular and humoral immune response and protection from infectious diseases or tumors. DCs can take up antigens using specialized surface receptors such as endocytosis receptors, phagocytosis receptors, and C type lectin receptors. Moreover, DCs are equipped with an array of extracellular and intracellular pattern recognition receptors for sensing different danger signals. Upon sensing the danger signals, DCs get activated, upregulate costimulatory molecules, produce various cytokines and chemokines, take up antigen and process it and migrate to lymph nodes where they present antigens to both CD8 and CD4 T cells. DCs are classified into different subsets based on an integrated approach considering their surface phenotype, expression of unique and conserved molecules, ontogeny, and functions. They can be broadly classified as conventional DCs consisting of two subsets (DC1 and DC2), plasmacytoid DCs, inflammatory DCs, and Langerhans cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekumar Balan
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Mansi Saxena
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, United States
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8
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Severe depletion of peripheral blood dendritic cell subsets in obstructive sleep apnea patients: A new link with cancer? Cytokine 2019; 125:154831. [PMID: 31473474 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that alterations of the immune responses are associated with the inflammatory nature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and of its related co-morbidities. In this scenario, we asked whether circulating dendritic cell (DC) subsets may be possible players as their role has not yet been detailed. The frequency distribution of peripheral blood myeloid (mDC1 and mDC2) and plasmacytoid (p) DCs was investigated by mean of multi-parametric flow cytometry in 45 OSA patients (mean age: 53 yrs; M = 29) at the time of the first diagnosis and compared to 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Oxidative burst (OB) and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, (interleukin) (IL)-6, interferon (INF)-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were also analyzed. All subsets of circulating DCs were significantly depleted in OSA patients as compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.01, in all instances), with mDC2 and pDC subtypes being more severely compromised. These findings were co-existing with higher levels of OB along with an increased expression of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and VEGF (p < 0.005 in all instances). In particular, IL6 levels were significantly higher (p = 0.013) in severe OSA patients (apnea/hypopnea index >30) and were inversely correlated with both mDC2 (r = -0.802, p < 0.007) and pDC (r = -0.317, p = 0.04) subsets. We first provide evidence for a constitutive reduction of all circulating DC subsets in OSA patients. Perturbation of DCs coexists with an inflammatory milieu and is negatively correlated with the expression of IL-6, which is actually recognized as a pivotal inhibitor of DC maturation. Future studies exploring the contribution of DCs in the pathogenesis of OSA and of its complications should be encouraged.
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Singh K, Martinell M, Luo Z, Espes D, Stålhammar J, Sandler S, Carlsson PO. Cellular immunological changes in patients with LADA are a mixture of those seen in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 197:64-73. [PMID: 30843600 PMCID: PMC6591143 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is currently scarce knowledge of the immunological profile of patients with latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in the adult (LADA) when compared with healthy controls (HC) and patients with classical type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The objective of this study was to investigate the cellular immunological profile of LADA patients and compare to HC and patients with T1D and T2D. All patients and age‐matched HC were recruited from Uppsala County. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from freshly collected blood to determine the proportions of immune cells by flow cytometry. Plasma concentrations of the cytokine interleukin (IL)‐35 were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The proportion of CD11c+CD123– antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) was lower, while the proportions of CD11c+CD123+ APCs and IL‐35+ tolerogenic APCs were higher in LADA patients than in T1D patients. The proportion of CD3–CD56highCD16+ natural killer (NK) cells was higher in LADA patients than in both HC and T2D patients. The frequency of IL‐35+ regulatory T cells and plasma IL‐35 concentrations in LADA patients were similar to those in T1D and T2D patients, but lower than in HC. The proportion of regulatory B cells in LADA patients was higher than in healthy controls, T1D and T2D patients, and the frequency of IL‐35+ regulatory B cells was higher than in T1D patients. LADA presents a mixed cellular immunological pattern with features overlapping with both T1D and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Singh
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Martinell
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Z Luo
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D Espes
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Stålhammar
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Sandler
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P-O Carlsson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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10
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Immunostimulatory Phosphatidylmonogalactosyldiacylglycerols (PGDG) from the Marine Diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii: Inspiration for a Novel Synthetic Toll-Like Receptor 4 Agonist. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17020103. [PMID: 30744121 PMCID: PMC6409857 DOI: 10.3390/md17020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An unprecedented phosphatidylmonogalactosyldiacylglycerol pool (PGDG, 1) rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids was isolated from the marine diatoms Thalassiosira weissflogii. Here we report for the first time the NMR characterization of this rare lipid from marine organisms along with a synthetic strategy for the preparation of a PGDG analog (2). PGDG 1 exhibited immunostimulatory activity in human dendritic cells (DCs) and the synthetic PGDG 2 was prepared to explore its mechanism of action. A Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) agonistic activity was evidenced in human and murine DCs underlying the antigen-specific T-cell activation of this class of molecules.
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Limagne E, Richard C, Thibaudin M, Fumet JD, Truntzer C, Lagrange A, Favier L, Coudert B, Ghiringhelli F. Tim-3/galectin-9 pathway and mMDSC control primary and secondary resistances to PD-1 blockade in lung cancer patients. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:e1564505. [PMID: 30906658 PMCID: PMC6422400 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1564505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nivolumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1, is currently approved for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) treatment after failure of first-line chemotherapy. However, only a quarter of patients benefit from this therapy with objective clinical response. In this context, there is an unmet need for improved understanding of resistance mechanisms. Thus, we studied a prospective cohort of mNSCLC (n = 61) treated in second or third-line with nivolumab. We analyzed various blood myeloid and lymphoid markers by flow cytometry (176 variables) at baseline, and after 15 and 30 days of therapy. By attempting to link the evolution of peripheral lymphoid, myeloid cells and anti-PD-1 response, we observed that accumulation of lymphoid cells and monocytic MDSC (mMDSC) expressing, respectively, Tim-3 and galectin-9 is implicated in resistance to PD-1 blockade both for patients with primary or acquired secondary resistance to anti-PD-1. In vitro, anti-Tim-3 blocking antibody reverses resistance to anti-PD-1 in PBMC from lung cancer patients and high levels of blood mMDSC negatively impact on anti-PD-1 efficacy. Together, these data underline that the galectin-9/Tim-3 pathway and mMDSC are key mechanisms of primary or secondary resistance to anti-PD-1 and could be a new target for immunotherapy drug combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeric Limagne
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Corentin Richard
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France.,Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Marion Thibaudin
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-David Fumet
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Caroline Truntzer
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Aurélie Lagrange
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Laure Favier
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Bruno Coudert
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France.,Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France.,Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France.,Genetic and Immunology Medical Institute, Dijon, France
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12
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Gadalla R, Hassan H, Ibrahim SA, Abdullah MS, Gaballah A, Greve B, El-Deeb S, El-Shinawi M, Mohamed MM. Tumor microenvironmental plasmacytoid dendritic cells contribute to breast cancer lymph node metastasis via CXCR4/SDF-1 axis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 174:679-691. [PMID: 30632021 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05129-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) infiltration into breast cancer tissues is associated with poor prognosis. Also, CXCR4 shows compelling evidences to be exploited by cancer cells to migrate to distant sites. The present study investigated lymph node metastasis in the light of PDCs infiltration and the potential cross talk with CXCR4/SDF-1 chemokine axis. METHODS We assessed circulating PDCs proportions drained from the axillary tributaries, and the in situ expression of both CD303 and CXCR4 in breast cancer patients with positive lymph nodes (pLN) and negative lymph nodes (nLN) using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. We also analyzed the expression of SDF-1 in lymph nodes of pLN and nLN patients. We studied the effect of the secretome of PDCs of pLN and nLN patients on the expression of CXCR4 and activation of NF-κB in human breast cancer cell lines SKBR3 and MCF-7. TNF-α mRNA expression level in PDCs from both groups was determined by qPCR. RESULTS Our findings indicate increased infiltration of PDCs in breast cancer tissues of pLN patients than nLN patients, which correlates with CXCR4+ cells percentage. Interestingly, SDF-1 is highly immunostained in lymph nodes of pLN patients compared to nLN patients. Our in vitro experiments demonstrate an upregulation of NF-κB expression and CXCR4 cells upon stimulation with PDCs secretome of pLN patients than those of nLN patients. Also, PDCs isolated from pLN patients exhibited a higher TNF-α mRNA expression than nLN patients. Treatment of MCF-7 cell lines with TNF-α significantly upregulates CXCR4 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a potential role for microenvironmental PDCs in breast cancer lymph node metastasis via CXCR4/SDF-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Gadalla
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt. .,Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada.
| | - Hebatallah Hassan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ahmed Gaballah
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Burkhard Greve
- Department of Radiotherapy-Radiooncology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Somaya El-Deeb
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shinawi
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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13
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Xiao W, Goldberg AD, Famulare CA, Devlin SM, Nguyen NT, Sim S, Kabel CC, Patel MA, McGovern EM, Patel A, Schulman J, Dunbar AJ, Epstein-Peterson ZD, Menghrajani KN, Getta BM, Cai SF, Geyer MB, Glass JL, Taylor J, Viny AD, Levine RL, Zhang Y, Giralt SA, Klimek V, Tallman MS, Roshal M. Loss of plasmacytoid dendritic cell differentiation is highly predictive for post-induction measurable residual disease and inferior outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2018; 104:1378-1387. [PMID: 30523054 PMCID: PMC6601104 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.203018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Measurable residual disease is associated with inferior outcomes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Measurable residual disease monitoring enhances risk stratification and may guide therapeutic intervention. The European LeukemiaNet working party recently came to a consensus recommendation incorporating leukemia associated immunophenotype-based different from normal approach by multi-color flow cytometry for measurable residual disease evaluation. However, the analytical approach is highly expertise-dependent and difficult to standardize. Here we demonstrate that loss of plasmacytoid dendritic cell differentiation after 7+3 induction in AML is highly specific for measurable residual disease positivity (specificity 97.4%) in a uniformly treated patient cohort. Moreover, loss of plasmacytoid dendritic cell differentiation as determined by a blast-to-plasmacytoid dendritic cell ratio >10 was strongly associated with inferior overall and relapse-free survival (RFS) [Hazard ratio 2.79, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.98-7.97; P=0.077) and 3.83 (95%CI: 1.51-9.74; P=0.007), respectively), which is similar in magnitude to measurable residual disease positivity. Importantly, measurable residual disease positive patients who reconstituted plasmacytoid dendritic cell differentiation (blast/ plasmacytoid dendritic cell ratio <10) showed a higher rate of measurable residual disease clearance at later pre-transplant time points compared to patients with loss of plasmacytoid dendritic cell differentiation (blast/ plasmacytoid dendritic cell ratio <10) (6 of 12, 50% vs. 2 of 18, 11%; P=0.03). Furthermore pre-transplant plasmacytoid dendritic cell recovery was associated with superior outcome in measurable residual disease positive patients. Our study provides a novel, simple, broadly applicable, and quantitative multi-color flow cytometry approach to risk stratification in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Diagnostic Service
| | | | | | | | - Nghia T Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Diagnostic Service
| | - Sinnifer Sim
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Diagnostic Service
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark B Geyer
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service.,Center for Cell Engineering
| | | | | | | | - Ross L Levine
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service.,Center for Hematologic Malignancies.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program
| | | | - Sergio A Giralt
- Department of Medicine, Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Mikhail Roshal
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Diagnostic Service
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14
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Galati D, Zanotta S, Corazzelli G, Bruzzese D, Capobianco G, Morelli E, Arcamone M, De Filippi R, Pinto A. Circulating dendritic cells deficiencies as a new biomarker in classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2018; 184:594-604. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Galati
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
| | - Serena Zanotta
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
| | - Gaetano Corazzelli
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
| | - Dario Bruzzese
- Department of Public Health Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italia
| | - Gaetana Capobianco
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
| | - Emanuela Morelli
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
| | - Manuela Arcamone
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
| | - Rosaria De Filippi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italia
| | - Antonio Pinto
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
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15
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Fletcher EAK, van Maren W, Cordfunke R, Dinkelaar J, Codee JDC, van der Marel G, Melief CJM, Ossendorp F, Drijfhout JW, Mangsbo SM. Formation of Immune Complexes with a Tetanus-Derived B Cell Epitope Boosts Human T Cell Responses to Covalently Linked Peptides in an Ex Vivo Blood Loop System. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:87-97. [PMID: 29752315 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Enhancing T cell responses against both viral and tumor Ags requires efficient costimulation and directed delivery of peptide Ags into APCs. Long peptide vaccines are considered favorable vaccine moieties from a clinical perspective, as they can harbor more than one immunogenic epitope enabling treatment of a broader target population. In addition, longer peptides are not extracellularly loaded on MHC class I; rather, they require intracellular processing and will thereby be presented to T cells mainly by professional APCs, thereby avoiding the risk of tolerance induction. The drawback of peptide vaccines regardless of peptide length is that naked peptides are not actively targeted to and taken up by APCs, and the standard nonconjugated adjuvant-peptide mixtures do not ensure cotargeting of the two to the same APC. We have identified a tetanus toxin-derived B cell epitope that can mediate the formation of immune complexes in the presence of circulating Abs. In this study, we show that these immune complexes improve both Ag uptake by APCs (blood monocytes and CD1c+ dendritic cells) and consequently improve CD8+ T cell recall responses in a human ex vivo blood loop system. The uptake of the peptide conjugate by blood monocytes is dependent on Abs and the complement component C1q. We envision that this strategy can be used to facilitate active uptake of Ags into APCs to improve T cell responses against pathogens or cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika A K Fletcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Science for Life Laboratory, 751 24 Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Immuneed AB, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Wendy van Maren
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| | - Robert Cordfunke
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| | - Jasper Dinkelaar
- Department of Bio-organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen D C Codee
- Department of Bio-organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gijs van der Marel
- Department of Bio-organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J M Melief
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| | - Ferry Ossendorp
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| | - Jan Wouter Drijfhout
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| | - Sara M Mangsbo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Science for Life Laboratory, 751 24 Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; .,Immuneed AB, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Obregon C, Kumar R, Pascual MA, Vassalli G, Golshayan D. Update on Dendritic Cell-Induced Immunological and Clinical Tolerance. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1514. [PMID: 29250057 PMCID: PMC5715373 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) as highly efficient antigen-presenting cells are at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity. As such, they are key mediators of immunity and antigen-specific immune tolerance. Due to their functional specialization, research efforts have focused on the characterization of DCs subsets involved in the initiation of immunogenic responses and in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Tolerogenic DCs (tolDCs)-based therapies have been designed as promising strategies to prevent and control autoimmune diseases as well as allograft rejection after solid organ transplantation (SOT). Despite successful experimental studies and ongoing phase I/II clinical trials using autologous tolDCs in patients with type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and in SOT recipients, additional basic research will be required to determine the optimal DC subset(s) and conditioning regimens for tolDCs-based treatments in vivo. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of human DCs and recent advances in their classification, as well as the role of DCs in immune regulation and their susceptibility to in vitro or in vivo manipulation for the development of tolerogenic therapies, with a focus on the potential of tolDCs for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and the prevention of allograft rejection after SOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Obregon
- Department of Medicine, Transplantation Centre and Transplantation Immunopathology Laboratory, Service of Immunology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Transplantation Centre and Transplantation Immunopathology Laboratory, Service of Immunology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Antonio Pascual
- Department of Medicine, Transplantation Centre and Transplantation Immunopathology Laboratory, Service of Immunology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Surgery, Transplantation Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Vassalli
- Département coeur-vaisseaux, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Fondazione Cardiocentro Ticino, Swiss Institute of Regenerative Medicine (SIRM), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Déla Golshayan
- Department of Medicine, Transplantation Centre and Transplantation Immunopathology Laboratory, Service of Immunology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Surgery, Transplantation Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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17
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Galati D, Zanotta S. Hematologic neoplasms: Dendritic cells vaccines in motion. Clin Immunol 2017; 183:181-190. [PMID: 28870867 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are bone-marrow-derived immune cells accounted for a key role in cancer vaccination as potent antigen-presenting cells within the immune system. Cancer microenvironment can modulate DCs maturation resulting in their accumulation into functional states associated with a reduced antitumor immune response. In this regard, a successful cancer vaccine needs to mount a potent antitumor immune response able to overcome the immunosuppressive tumor milieu. As a consequence, DCs-based approaches are a safe and promising strategy for improving the therapeutic efficacy in hematological malignancies, particularly in combinations with additional treatments. This review summarizes the most significant evidence about the immunotherapeutic strategies performed to target hematologic neoplasms including the tumoral associated antigens (TAA) pulsed on DCs, whole tumor cell vaccines or leukemia-derived DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Galati
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem-Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, National Cancer Institute, Fondazione 'G. Pascale', IRCCS, Via Mariano Semmola 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Serena Zanotta
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem-Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, National Cancer Institute, Fondazione 'G. Pascale', IRCCS, Via Mariano Semmola 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
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18
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Toft-Petersen M, Stidsholt Roug A, Plesner T, Ebbesen L, Brown GD, Nederby L. The CLEC12A receptor marks human basophils: Potential implications for minimal residual disease detection in acute myeloid leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2017; 94:520-526. [PMID: 28718199 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transmembrane receptor C-type lectin domain family 12, member A (CLEC12A) is known to be highly expressed on monocytes and neutrophils and is a reliable leukemia associated marker in acute myeloid leukemia. Consequently, detailed knowledge of the various normal cell types expressing this receptor is essential. We have observed CLEC12A to be expressed on CD45lowSSClowCD14-CD123+ basophils in peripheral blood (PB) and in this study, we aimed at verifying this observation and further delineate the CD45lowSSClowCD14-CD123 + CLEC12A+ subpopulation. METHODS We analyzed PB from 20 diagnostic chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) samples and eight healthy donors in a six-color multicolor flowcytometry (FCM) based assay. Furthermore, we performed fluorescence activated cell sorting on one CML sample to morphologically confirm the CD45lowSSClowCD14-CD123 + CLEC12A+ subset to be highly enriched for basophils. Finally, to further delineate the CD45lowSSClowCD14-CD123 + CLEC12A+ subpopulation in normal PB, we examined three healthy donors in a 10-color FCM assay enabling further separation of the cell subset into basophils and dendritic cells. RESULTS The CLEC12A receptor is expressed on basophils. CONCLUSIONS Identification and enumeration of basophils is of high relevance in diagnostic hematology and immunology. We here show that CLEC12A in a simple FCM assay consistently marks basophils. Importantly, as basophils are characterized by a CD45lowSSClow profile similar to the "blast-gate" used for the evaluation of hematological disorders, awareness of minor normal CLEC12A+ subpopulations is crucial when using CLEC12A as a minimal residual disease marker in myeloid malignancies. © 2017 International Clinical Cytometry Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Trine Plesner
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Ebbesen
- Department of Hematology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gordon D Brown
- Immunity, Infection and Inflammation Programme, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Line Nederby
- Department of Hematology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
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19
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Manzo E, Cutignano A, Pagano D, Gallo C, Barra G, Nuzzo G, Sansone C, Ianora A, Urbanek K, Fenoglio D, Ferrera F, Bernardi C, Parodi A, Pasquale G, Leonardi A, Filaci G, De Palma R, Fontana A. A new marine-derived sulfoglycolipid triggers dendritic cell activation and immune adjuvant response. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6286. [PMID: 28740080 PMCID: PMC5524952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05969-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic Cells (DCs) recognize infectious non-self molecules and engage the adaptive immune system thereby initiating long lasting, antigen-specific responses. As such, the ability to activate DCs is considered a key tool to enhance the efficacy and quality of vaccination. Here we report a novel immunomodulatory sulfolipid named β-SQDG18 that prototypes a class of natural-derived glycolipids able to prime human DCs by a TLR2/TLR4-independent mechanism and trigger an efficient immune response in vivo. β-SQDG18 induces maturation of DC with the upregulation of MHC II molecules and co-stimulatory proteins (CD83, CD86), as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-12 and INF-γ). Mice immunized with OVA associated to β-SQDG18 (1:500) produced a titer of anti-OVA Ig comparable to traditional adjuvants. In an experimental model of melanoma, vaccination of C57BL/6 mice with β-SQDG18-adjuvanted hgp10 peptide elicited a protective response with a reduction in tumour growth and increase in survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Manzo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Adele Cutignano
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Dario Pagano
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmela Gallo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giusi Barra
- University of Campania, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Dept. of Internal and Experimental Clinic, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Genoveffa Nuzzo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Adrianna Ianora
- Stazione Zoologica "A. Dohrn", Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Konrad Urbanek
- University of Campania, Dept. of Experimental Medicine, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Fenoglio
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrera
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bernardi
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessia Parodi
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pasquale
- University of Campania, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Dept. of Internal and Experimental Clinic, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Univeristy of Naples "Federico II", Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gilberto Filaci
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Palma
- University of Campania, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Dept. of Internal and Experimental Clinic, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Angelo Fontana
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
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20
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Balan S, Finnigan J, Bhardwaj N. Dendritic Cell Strategies for Eliciting Mutation-Derived Tumor Antigen Responses in Patients. Cancer J 2017; 23:131-137. [PMID: 28410301 PMCID: PMC5520811 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are equipped for sensing danger signals and capturing, processing, and presenting antigens to naive or effector cells and are critical in inducing humoral and adaptive immunity. Successful vaccinations are those that activate DCs to elicit both cellular and humoral responses, as well as long-lasting memory response against the target of interest. Recently, it has become apparent that tumor cells can provide new sources of antigens through nonsynonymous mutations or frame-shift mutations, leading to potentially hundreds of mutation-derived tumor antigens (MTAs) or neoantigens. T cells recognizing MTA have been detected in cancer patients and can even lead to tumor regression. Designing MTA-specific vaccination strategies will have to take into account the adjuvant activity of DC subsets and the best formulation to elicit an effective immune response. We discuss the potential of human DCs to prime MTA-specific responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekumar Balan
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY NY
| | - John Finnigan
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY NY
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY NY
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21
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Yu MB, Langridge WHR. The function of myeloid dendritic cells in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2017; 37:1043-1051. [PMID: 28236220 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-017-3671-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that causes joint pain, inflammation, and loss of function. Disease pathogenesis involves activation and proliferation of autoreactive pro-inflammatory effector T cells. While the details of RA onset and progression remain controversial, dendritic cell (DC) numbers dramatically increase in the synovial joint tissues of RA patients. Based on their key functions as antigen-presenting cells and inducers of T cell differentiation, DCs may play an important role in the initiation of joint inflammation. Myeloid DC contributions are likely central to the development of RA, as they are more efficient at antigen presentation in comparison with their closely related cousins, plasmacytoid DCs. Synovial fluid in the joints of RA patients is enriched with pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which may stimulate or result from DC activation. Epidemiological evidence indicates that smoking and periodontal infection are major environmental risk factors for RA development. In this review, factors in the synovial environment that contribute to altered myeloid DC functions in RA and the effects of environmental risk factors on myeloid DCs are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Yu
- Department of Basic Sciences, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - William H R Langridge
- Department of Basic Sciences, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
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22
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Saadeh D, Kurban M, Abbas O. Update on the role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in inflammatory/autoimmune skin diseases. Exp Dermatol 2016; 25:415-21. [PMID: 26837058 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) represent a specialized dendritic cell population that exhibit plasma cell morphology, express CD4, CD123, blood-derived dendritic cell antigen-2 (BDCA-2) and Toll-like receptor (TLR)7 and TLR9 within endosomal compartments. When activated, pDCs are capable of producing large quantities of type I IFNs (mainly IFN-α/β), which provide antiviral resistance and link the innate and adaptive immunity. While generally lacking from normal skin, pDCs infiltrate the skin and appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory, infectious (especially viral) and neoplastic entities. In recent years, pDC role in inflammatory/autoimmune skin conditions has been extensively studied. Unlike type I IFN-mediated protective immunity that pDCs provide at the level of the skin by regulated sensing of microbial or self-nucleic acids upon skin damage, excessive sensing may elicit IFN-driven inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. In this review, focus will be on the role of pDCs in cutaneous inflammatory/autoimmune dermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Saadeh
- Dermatology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mazen Kurban
- Dermatology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ossama Abbas
- Dermatology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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Colletti NJ, Liu H, Gower AC, Alekseyev YO, Arendt CW, Shaw MH. TLR3 Signaling Promotes the Induction of Unique Human BDCA-3 Dendritic Cell Populations. Front Immunol 2016; 7:88. [PMID: 27014268 PMCID: PMC4789364 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (cDCs and pDCs) are the two populations of DCs that can be readily identified in human blood. Conventional DCs have been subdivided into CD1c+, or blood dendritic cells antigen (BDCA) 1 and CD141+, or BDCA-3, DCs, each having both unique gene expression profiles and functions. BDCA-3 DCs express high levels of toll-like receptor 3 and upon stimulation with Poly I:C secrete IFN-β, CXCL10, and IL-12p70. In this article, we show that activation of human BDCA-3 DCs with Poly I:C induces the expression of activation markers (CD40, CD80, and CD86) and immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT) 3 and 4. This Poly I:C stimulation results in four populations identifiable by flow cytometry based on their expression of ILT3 and ILT4. We focused our efforts on profiling the ILT4− and ILT4+ DCs. These ILT-expressing BDCA-3 populations exhibit similar levels of activation as measured by CD40, CD80, and CD86; however, they exhibit differential cytokine secretion profiles, unique gene signatures, and vary in their ability to prime allogenic naïve T cells. Taken together, these data illustrate that within a pool of BDCA-3 DCs, there are cells poised to respond differently to a given input stimulus with unique output of immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Colletti
- Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biological Science, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, USA
| | - Hong Liu
- Sanofi Pharmaceuticals , Cambridge, MA , USA
| | - Adam C Gower
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Yuriy O Alekseyev
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University , Boston, MA , USA
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Kitcharoensakkul M, Bacharier LB, Yin-Declue H, Boomer JS, Burgdorf D, Wilson B, Schechtman K, Castro M. Temporal biological variability in dendritic cells and regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of healthy adults. J Immunol Methods 2016; 431:63-5. [PMID: 26859243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies evaluating circulating dendritic cells (DCs) and natural and induced regulatory T cells (nTregs, iTregs) are often obtained at a single time point and difficult to interpret without understanding their intrinsic day-to-day biologic variability. METHODS We investigated the day-to-day variability in quantifying DCs, nTregs (FoxP3(+)CD25(+)CD4(+)) and cytokine production by iTregs (granzyme B-GZB, Th1/2 cytokines following CD3 plus CD46 in vitro activation) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected on three consecutive days in healthy adults. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to evaluate intra-individual variability. RESULTS In 10 healthy adults, the %PBMCs of plasmacytoid (pDC) and myeloid (mDC1 and mDC2) were 0.27 ± 0.12, 0.22 ± 0.10, and 0.02 ± 0.02, with ICC 0.91, 0.90, and 0.17 respectively. Natural Tregs (3.27 ± 1.27% CD4(+) cells) had an ICC of 0.86. Inducible Tregs (GZB-positive, 35.3 ± 17.7% CD4(+) cells) had an ICC of 0.77. The ICCs for IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-5 production by iTregs were 0.49, 0.63, 0.68, 0.74, and 0.82, respectively. There were no significant changes in ICC (<0.1) after adjusting for age, gender and atopy except for IL-4. Substantial variability for iTregs was determined for the control condition (PBS with IL-2). CONCLUSIONS No meaningful day-to-day biologic variability was observed for the quantification of nTregs, pDC and mDC1 in normal adults; however, there was substantial variability in measuring mDC2 proportions and iTreg production of IL-10. These results suggest obtaining an average of several measurements over time to determine the most representative value of these biologic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maleewan Kitcharoensakkul
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Leonard B Bacharier
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Huiqing Yin-Declue
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Jonathan S Boomer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Dana Burgdorf
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Brad Wilson
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Kenneth Schechtman
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Mario Castro
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, United States.
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25
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Rovati B, Mariucci S, Delfanti S, Grasso D, Tinelli C, Torre C, De Amici M, Pedrazzoli P. Simultaneous detection of circulating immunological parameters and tumor biomarkers in early stage breast cancer patients during adjuvant chemotherapy. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2016; 39:211-28. [PMID: 26769126 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-015-0264-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced immune suppression has mainly been studied in patients with advanced cancer, but the influence of chemotherapy on the immune system in early stage cancer patients has so far not been studied systematically. The aim of the present study was to monitor the immune system during anthracycline- and taxane-based adjuvant chemotherapy in early stage breast cancer patients, to assess the impact of circulating tumor cells on selected immune parameters and to reveal putative angiogenic effects of circulating endothelial cells. METHODS Peripheral blood samples from 20 early stage breast cancer patients were analyzed using a flow cytometric multi-color of antibodies to enumerate lymphocyte and dendritic cell subsets, as well as endothelial and tumor cells. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the levels of various serological factors. RESULTS During chemotherapy, all immunological parameters and angiogenesis surrogate biomarkers showed significant decreases. The numbers of circulating tumor cells showed significant inverse correlations with the numbers of T helper cells, a lymphocyte subset directly related to effective anti-tumor responses. Reduced T helper cell numbers may contribute to systemic immunosuppression and, as such, the activation of dormant tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS From our results we conclude that adjuvant chemotherapy suppresses immune function in early stage breast cancer patients. In addition, we conclude that the presence of circulating tumor cells, defined as pan-cytokeratin(+), CD326(+), CD45(-) cells, may serve as an important indicator of a patient's immune status. Further investigations are needed to firmly define circulating tumor cells as a predictor for the success of breast cancer adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rovati
- SC Oncologia e Laboratorio di Citofluorimetria, e Terapie Cellulari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
| | - S Mariucci
- SC Oncologia e Laboratorio di Citofluorimetria, e Terapie Cellulari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - S Delfanti
- SC Oncologia e Laboratorio di Citofluorimetria, e Terapie Cellulari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - D Grasso
- SC Oncologia e Laboratorio di Citofluorimetria, e Terapie Cellulari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - C Tinelli
- Servizio di Biometria e Statistica Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - C Torre
- SC Pediatria, Laboratorio di Immuno Allergologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - M De Amici
- SC Pediatria, Laboratorio di Immuno Allergologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - P Pedrazzoli
- SC Oncologia e Laboratorio di Citofluorimetria, e Terapie Cellulari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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26
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Quaglino P, Fava P, Caproni M, Antiga E, De Simone C, Papini M, Parodi A, Novelli M, Osella-Abate S, Ribero S, Sanlorenzo M, Ponti R, Fierro M, Marzano A, Savoia P. Phenotypical characterization of circulating cell subsets in pyoderma gangrenosum patients: the experience of the Italian immuno-pathology group. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 30:655-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Quaglino
- Dermatologic Clinic; Department of Medical Sciences; University of Turin; Turin Italy
| | - P. Fava
- Dermatologic Clinic; Department of Medical Sciences; University of Turin; Turin Italy
| | - M. Caproni
- Section of Dermatology; Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine; University of Florence; Florence Italy
| | - E. Antiga
- Section of Dermatology; Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine; University of Florence; Florence Italy
| | - C. De Simone
- Dermatologic Clinic; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Rome Italy
| | - M. Papini
- Dermatologic Clinic; Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences; University of Terni; Terni Italy
| | - A. Parodi
- Section of Dermatology; DISSAL; IRCCS San Martino- IST; Genoa Italy
| | - M. Novelli
- Dermatologic Clinic; Department of Medical Sciences; University of Turin; Turin Italy
| | - S. Osella-Abate
- Dermatologic Clinic; Department of Medical Sciences; University of Turin; Turin Italy
| | - S. Ribero
- Dermatologic Clinic; Department of Medical Sciences; University of Turin; Turin Italy
| | - M. Sanlorenzo
- Dermatologic Clinic; Department of Medical Sciences; University of Turin; Turin Italy
| | - R. Ponti
- Dermatologic Clinic; Department of Medical Sciences; University of Turin; Turin Italy
| | - M.T. Fierro
- Dermatologic Clinic; Department of Medical Sciences; University of Turin; Turin Italy
| | - A.V. Marzano
- Dermatologic Clinic; Department of Medical and Surgical Physiopathology and Transplants; IRCCS Cà Granda Foundation; University of Milan Policlinic; Milan Italy
| | - P. Savoia
- Dermatologic Clinic; Department of Medical Sciences; University of Turin; Turin Italy
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Derolf ÅR, Laane E, Björklund E, Saft L, Björkholm M, Porwit A. Dendritic Cells in Bone Marrow at Diagnosis and after Chemotherapy in Adult Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia. Scand J Immunol 2014; 80:424-31. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Å. R. Derolf
- Division of Hematology; Department of Medicine; Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - E. Laane
- Hematology-Oncology Clinic; Tartu University; Tartu Estonia
| | - E. Björklund
- Division of Pathology; Department of Oncology and Pathology; Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - L. Saft
- Division of Pathology; Department of Oncology and Pathology; Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - M. Björkholm
- Division of Hematology; Department of Medicine; Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Anna Porwit
- Division of Pathology; Department of Oncology and Pathology; Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Medicine; University Health Network; Toronto ON Canada
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28
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Flow cytometric detection of p38 MAPK phosphorylation and intracellular cytokine expression in peripheral blood subpopulations from patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:671431. [PMID: 24741615 PMCID: PMC3987974 DOI: 10.1155/2014/671431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Flow cytometric analysis of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signaling cascade is optimally achieved by methanol permeabilization protocols. Such protocols suffer from the difficulties to accurately detect intracellular cytokines and surface epitopes of infrequent cell subpopulations, which are removed by methanol. To overcome these limitations, we have modified methanol-based phosphoflow protocols using several commercially available antibody clones suitable for surface antigens, intracellular cytokines, and p38 MAPK. These included markers of B cells (CD19, CD20, and CD22), T cells (CD3, CD4, and CD8), NK (CD56 and CD7), and dendritic cells (CD11c). We have also tested surface markers of costimulatory molecules, such as CD27. We have successfully determined simultaneous expression of IFN- γ , as well as IL-10, and phosphorylated p38 in cell subsets. The optimized phosphoflow protocol has also been successfully applied in peripheral blood mononuclear cells or purified cell subpopulations from patients with various autoimmune diseases. In conclusion, our refined phosphoflow cytometric approach allows simultaneous detection of p38 MAPK activity and intracellular cytokine expression and could be used as an important tool to study signaling cascades in autoimmunity.
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29
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Jang MA, Lee ST, Jung CW, Kim SH. A unique case of dendritic cell neoplasm from monocyte-derived myeloid origin with distinct immunophenotype and cytomorphology. Ann Hematol 2013; 93:877-8. [PMID: 24043117 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-013-1903-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ae Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, South Korea
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30
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Dopheide JF, Obst V, Doppler C, Radmacher MC, Scheer M, Radsak MP, Gori T, Warnholtz A, Fottner C, Daiber A, Münzel T, Espinola-Klein C. Phenotypic characterisation of pro-inflammatory monocytes and dendritic cells in peripheral arterial disease. Thromb Haemost 2012; 108:1198-207. [PMID: 23093299 DOI: 10.1160/th12-05-0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process involving antigen-presenting cells like monocytes and dendritic cells (DC). The aim of this study was to perform a phenotypic characterisation of these cell types in patients with different degrees of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Sixty patients with PAD [N= 30 intermittent claudication (IC), N= 30 critical limb ischemia (CLI)] and 30 controls were included. Peripheral blood leucocytes were analysed from peripheral blood by flow cytometry using different gating strategies to directly identify and analyse monocytes, myeloid DC, (mDC) and plasmacytoid DC (pDC). PAD patients showed a significantly higher proportion of proinflammatory CD14++CD16+ monocytes (p<0.0001) compared with healthy individuals. We found an increased number of mDC/ml and a reduced number of pDC/ml (both p<0.01) in PAD patients, leading to a shift in the mDC/pDC ratio (p<0.01). As compared to patients with intermittent claudication, CLI patients presented a reduced expression of HLA-DR (p<0.01), CD86 and CD40 on both mDCs and pDCs (p<0.01). Peripheral blood monocytes show a proinflammatory phenotype in PAD patients compared to controls. In contrast, CLI patients show a reduced expression of proinflammatory markers. We hypothesise that severe ischaemia and/or prolonged inflammation in CLI might lead to a paradoxical attenuation in the proinflammatory membrane pattern of circulating mononuclear cells, possibly hindering an adequate regulatory function of mDCs and pDCs and favouring the progression of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörn F Dopheide
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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Rickmann M, Krauter J, Stamer K, Heuser M, Salguero G, Mischak-Weissinger E, Ganser A, Stripecke R. Elevated frequencies of leukemic myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in acute myeloid leukemia with the FLT3 internal tandem duplication. Ann Hematol 2011; 90:1047-58. [PMID: 21520003 PMCID: PMC3150660 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-011-1231-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Some 30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients display an internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation in the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene. FLT3-ITDs are known to drive hematopoietic stem cells towards FLT3 ligand independent growth, but the effects on dendritic cell (DC) differentiation during leukemogenesis are not clear. We compared the frequency of cells with immunophenotype of myeloid DC (mDC: Lin−, HLA-DR+, CD11c+, CD86+) and plasmacytoid DC (pDC: Lin−, HLA-DR+, CD123+, CD86+) in diagnostic samples of 47 FLT3-ITD− and 40 FLT3-ITD+ AML patients. The majority of ITD+ AML samples showed high frequencies of mDCs or pDCs, with significantly decreased HLA-DR expression compared with DCs detectable in ITD− AML samples. Interestingly, mDCs and pDCs sorted out from ITD+ AML samples contained the ITD insert revealing their leukemic origin and, upon ex vivo culture with cytokines, they acquired DC morphology. Notably, mDC/pDCs were detectable concurrently with single lineage mDCs and pDCs in all ITD+ AML (n = 11) and ITD− AML (n = 12) samples analyzed for mixed lineage DCs (Lin−, HLA-DR+, CD11c+, CD123+). ITD+ AML mDCs/pDCs could be only partially activated with CD40L and CpG for production of IFN-α, TNF-α, and IL-1α, which may affect the anti-leukemia immune surveillance in the course of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Rickmann
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Riccardi F, Della Porta MG, Rovati B, Casazza A, Radolovich D, De Amici M, Danova M, Langer M. Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood dendritic cells in patients with severe sepsis. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2011; 80:14-21. [PMID: 20687203 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendritic cells (DC) play a key role in cell-mediated immunity. We aimed to analyse the number and function of peripheral blood (PB) myeloid and plasmacytoid DC (mDC/pDC) in patients with severe sepsis. METHODS Twenty-six septic patients, 20 surgical patients (abdominal aortic aneurysm) and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in this prospective study. RESULTS At day 1 (enrollment in the study), septic patients showed in comparison with healthy controls, decreased mDC (P < 0.001) and increased pDC (P = 0.03), resulting in a reduction of the mDC/pDC ratio (P < 0.001). Surgery induced a decrease in both mDCs and pDCs level, without modification of mDC/pDC ratio. Septic patients included 15 survivors and 11 nonsurvivors. At day 1 no significant difference was found in mDC between the two groups, while pDCs were significantly higher in nonsurvivors (P = 0.03). At the outcome, mDC were selectively increased with respect to day 1 in survivors (P = 0.001), while no significant differences were observed as far as pDC count is concerned in both groups. Sorted DC from septic patients showed in comparison with healthy controls, reduced levels of HLA DR (P < 0.001), CD11c (P < 0.001), CD83 (P = 0.006) and of costimulatory molecule CD86 (P = 0.003); an up-regulation of chemokine receptor CXCR4 (P = 0.031) and increased apoptosis (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Sepsis has a profound effect on PB DC compartment. These alterations appear to be sepsis-specific. Increased apoptosis and alteration of migration and trafficking mechanism may be involved in DC compartment modification. DC alterations could contribute to sepsis-mediated immunoparalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Riccardi
- Servizio Anestesia e Rianimazione II, IRCCS Policlinico, S. Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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Pellicciari C. Histochemistry through the years, browsing a long-established journal: novelties in traditional subjects. Eur J Histochem 2010; 54:e51. [PMID: 21263750 PMCID: PMC3167322 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2010.e51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Histochemical journals represent a traditional forum where methodological and technological improvements can be presented and validated in view of their applications to investigate not only cytology and histology in normal and diseased conditions but to test as well hypotheses on more basic issues for life sciences, such as comparative and evolutionary biology. The earliest scientific journals on histochemistry began their publication in the first half of the ‘50s of the last century, and their readership did not probably change over the years; rather, the authors’ interests may have progressively been changing as well as the main topics of their articles. This hypothesis is discussed, based on the subjects of the article published in the first and last ten years in the European Journal of Histochemistry, as an example of old journal which started publication in 1954, being since then the official organ of the Italian Society of Histochemistry. This survey confirmed that histochemistry has provided and still offers unique opportunities for studying the structure, chemical composition and function of cells and tissues in a wide variety of living organisms, especially when the topological distribution of specific molecular components has diagnostic or predictive significance, as it occurs in human and veterinary biology and pathology. Some subjects (e.g. histochemistry applied to muscle cells or to mineralized tissues) have recently become rather popular, whereas a wider application of the histochemical approach may be envisaged for plant cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pellicciari
- Dipartimento di Biologia Animale, University of Pavia, Italy.
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35
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Lymphocyte subpopulation and dendritic cell phenotyping during antineoplastic therapy in human solid tumors. Clin Exp Med 2010; 11:199-210. [PMID: 21161672 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-010-0120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Patients with cancer show variable levels of immunosuppression at the time of the presentation, and cytotoxic antineoplastic therapy is the primary contributor to the clinical immunodeficiency often observed during the course of the disease. In both hematological and solid tumors, this phenomenon is primarily related to the T-cell depletion associated with inhibition of dendritic cell ability to induce both primary and secondary T- and B-cell responses. Complete restoration of immunocompetence following antineoplastic therapy implicates the progressive recovery of various cell subpopulations, and it is a complex process that also depends on the type, the dose, the scheduling, and the associations of the employed drugs. In the era of target therapies, several antiangiogenic drugs are increasingly used in combination with standard chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced solid tumors. Their clinical efficacy has been recently related not only to the specific antiangiogenic properties but also to an indirect hypothetical effect on the host immune system. In the present work, we have reviewed the most recent information regarding (1) the capacity of standard antineoplastic therapy to induce and maintain an immunodeficiency in patients with solid tumors and (2) the influence of the antiangiogenic treatment in association with standard chemotherapy on lymphocyte and dendritic cell subsets and the possible resulting additional antitumor mechanism.
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Chowdhury F, Johnson P, Williams AP. Enumeration and phenotypic assessment of human plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells in whole blood. Cytometry A 2010; 77:328-37. [PMID: 20140969 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.20872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, flow cytometry analysis of dendritic cells (DC) has followed a negative selection procedure, often limiting the characterization of individual DC subsets to enumeration. We demonstrate the development, evaluation, and clinical application of a novel 6 color/8 parameter flow cytometry panel to allow enumeration and monitoring of activation status of circulating human myeloid (MDC1) and plasmacytoid (PDC) dendritic cells in human whole blood. Enumeration showed a trend of greater numbers of MDC1s and PDCs being collected for fresh whole blood than frozen PBMCs, with this difference being statistically significant (P = 0.04) for unstimulated PDC enumeration. Intra-assay variation had a coefficient of variation <10% and interassay results between operators showed good correlation (r > 0.95). Our results on fresh whole blood showed a significant up regulation of CD83 on both MDC1 and PDC at 4 h post Toll-like ligand stimulus and this activity was comparable in frozen PBMC samples. Comparison for the late activation marker CCR7 showed a significant difference (P <0.05) in expression between fresh and frozen samples, precluding its use for batch analysis of frozen samples. In addition, the level of activation is dependent on the anticoagulant used for sample collection. For CD83 expression at 4 h both EDTA and lithium heparin samples are comparable for MDC1 and PDC populations. Whereas for CCR7 expression, lithium heparin is preferable as EDTA increases the background expression in PDC, preventing further functional assessments. We demonstrate the importance of establishing the kinetic profile of activation marker expression and the importance of evaluating sample collection tubes and sample type before application of novel cytometry panels to a clinical study. We have shown that this DC enumeration flow cytometry panel is a robust analysis system that allows the flexibility of including activation markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdousi Chowdhury
- Cancer Sciences Division, CRUK Clinical Centre, Somers Cancer Research Building, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, England.
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