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Li S, Lu Z, Wu S, Chu T, Li B, Qi F, Zhao Y, Nie G. The dynamic role of platelets in cancer progression and their therapeutic implications. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:72-87. [PMID: 38040850 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00639-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Systemic antiplatelet treatment represents a promising option to improve the therapeutic outcomes and therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy due to the critical contribution of platelets to tumour progression. However, until recently, targeting platelets as a cancer therapeutic has been hampered by the elevated risk of haemorrhagic and thrombocytopenic (low platelet count) complications owing to the lack of specificity for tumour-associated platelets. Recent work has advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the contribution of platelets to tumour progression and metastasis. This has led to the identification of the biological changes in platelets in the presence of tumours, the complex interactions between platelets and tumour cells during tumour progression, and the effects of platelets on antitumour therapeutic response. In this Review, we present a detailed picture of the dynamic roles of platelets in tumour development and progression as well as their use in diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring response to therapy. We also provide our view on how to overcome challenges faced by the development of precise antiplatelet strategies for safe and efficient clinical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suping Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zefang Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Suying Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianjiao Chu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bozhao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Feilong Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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2
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陶 人, 谢 旭, 吴 建, 方 颖. [Molecular dynamics simulation of force-regulated interaction between glycoprotein Ib α and filamin]. SHENG WU YI XUE GONG CHENG XUE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING = SHENGWU YIXUE GONGCHENGXUE ZAZHI 2023; 40:876-885. [PMID: 37879916 PMCID: PMC10600417 DOI: 10.7507/1001-5515.202302043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
In resting platelets, the 17 th domain of filamin a (FLNa17) constitutively binds to the platelet membrane glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) at its cytoplasmic tail (GPIbα-CT) and inhibits the downstream signal activation, while the binding of ligand and blood shear force can activate platelets. To imitate the pull force transmitted from the extracellular ligand of GPIbα and the lateral tension from platelet cytoskeleton deformation, two pulling modes were applied on the GPIbα-CT/FLNa17 complex, and the molecular dynamics simulation method was used to explore the mechanical regulation on the affinity and mechanical stability of the complex. In this study, at first, nine pairs of key hydrogen bonds on the interface between GPIbα-CT and FLNa17 were identified, which was the basis for maintaining the complex structural stability. Secondly, it was found that these hydrogen bonding networks would be broken down and lead to the dissociation of FLNa17 from GPIbα-CT only under the axial pull force; but, under the lateral tension, the secondary structures at both terminals of FLNa17 would unfold to protect the interface of the GPIbα-CT/FLNa17 complex from mechanical damage. In the range of 0~40 pN, the increase of pull force promoted outward-rotation of the nitrogen atom of the 563 rd phenylalanine (PHE 563-N) at GPIbα-CT and the dissociation of the complex. This study for the first time revealed that the extracellular ligand-transmitted axial force could more effectively relieve the inhibition of FLNa17 on the downstream signal of GPIbα than pure mechanical tension at the atomic level, and would be useful for further understanding the platelet intracellular force-regulated signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 人才 陶
- 华南理工大学 生物科学与工程学院(广州 510006)School of Bioscience & Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - 旭斌 谢
- 华南理工大学 生物科学与工程学院(广州 510006)School of Bioscience & Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - 建华 吴
- 华南理工大学 生物科学与工程学院(广州 510006)School of Bioscience & Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - 颖 方
- 华南理工大学 生物科学与工程学院(广州 510006)School of Bioscience & Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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3
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Belyaev AV, Fedotova IV. Molecular mechanisms of catch bonds and their implications for platelet hemostasis. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:1233-1256. [PMID: 37974999 PMCID: PMC10643804 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01144-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Adhesive molecular bonds between blood cells are essential for thrombosis and hemostasis as they provide means for platelet adhesion, aggregation, and signaling in flowing blood. According to the nowadays conventional definition, a "catch" bond is a type of non-covalent bio-molecular bridge, whose dissociation lifetime counter-intuitively increases with applied tensile force. Following recent experimental findings, such receptor-ligand protein bonds are vital to the blood cells involved in the prevention of bleeding (hemostatic response) and infection (immunity). In this review, we examine the up-to-date experimental discoveries and theoretical insights about catch bonds between the blood cells, their biomechanical principles at the molecular level, and their role in platelet thrombosis and hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey V. Belyaev
- Faculty of Physics, M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1, Leninskiye Gory, build.2, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Irina V. Fedotova
- Faculty of Physics, M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1, Leninskiye Gory, build.2, Moscow, 119991 Russia
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Mollica MY, Beussman KM, Kandasamy A, Rodríguez LM, Morales FR, Chen J, Manohar K, Del Álamo JC, López JA, Thomas WE, Sniadecki NJ. Distinct platelet F-actin patterns and traction forces on von Willebrand factor versus fibrinogen. Biophys J 2023; 122:3738-3748. [PMID: 37434354 PMCID: PMC10541491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon vascular injury, platelets form a hemostatic plug by binding to the subendothelium and to each other. Platelet-to-matrix binding is initially mediated by von Willebrand factor (VWF) and platelet-to-platelet binding is mediated mainly by fibrinogen and VWF. After binding, the actin cytoskeleton of a platelet drives its contraction, generating traction forces that are important to the cessation of bleeding. Our understanding of the relationship between adhesive environment, F-actin morphology, and traction forces is limited. Here, we examined F-actin morphology of platelets attached to surfaces coated with fibrinogen and VWF. We identified distinct F-actin patterns induced by these protein coatings and found that these patterns were identifiable into three classifications via machine learning: solid, nodular, and hollow. We observed that traction forces for platelets were significantly higher on VWF than on fibrinogen coatings and these forces varied by F-actin pattern. In addition, we analyzed the F-actin orientation in platelets and noted that their filaments were more circumferential when on fibrinogen coatings and having a hollow F-actin pattern, while they were more radial on VWF and having a solid F-actin pattern. Finally, we noted that subcellular localization of traction forces corresponded to protein coating and F-actin pattern: VWF-bound, solid platelets had higher forces at their central region while fibrinogen-bound, hollow platelets had higher forces at their periphery. These distinct F-actin patterns on fibrinogen and VWF and their differences in F-actin orientation, force magnitude, and force localization could have implications in hemostasis, thrombus architecture, and venous versus arterial thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Y Mollica
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Division of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Kevin M Beussman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Adithan Kandasamy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | - Junmei Chen
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Krithika Manohar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Juan C Del Álamo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - José A López
- Division of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Wendy E Thomas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Nathan J Sniadecki
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Resuscitation Engineering Science Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Molecular Engineering and Science Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
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5
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Moldovan L, Song CH, Chen YC, Wang HJ, Ju LA. Biomembrane force probe (BFP): Design, advancements, and recent applications to live-cell mechanobiology. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2023; 3:20230004. [PMID: 37933233 PMCID: PMC10624387 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20230004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical forces play a vital role in biological processes at molecular and cellular levels, significantly impacting various diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and COVID-19. Recent advancements in dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS) techniques have enabled the application and measurement of forces and displacements with high resolutions, providing crucial insights into the mechanical pathways underlying these diseases. Among DFS techniques, the biomembrane force probe (BFP) stands out for its ability to measure bond kinetics and cellular mechanosensing with pico-newton and nano-meter resolutions. Here, a comprehensive overview of the classical BFP-DFS setup is presented and key advancements are emphasized, including the development of dual biomembrane force probe (dBFP) and fluorescence biomembrane force probe (fBFP). BFP-DFS allows us to investigate dynamic bond behaviors on living cells and significantly enhances the understanding of specific ligand-receptor axes mediated cell mechanosensing. The contributions of BFP-DFS to the fields of cancer biology, thrombosis, and inflammation are delved into, exploring its potential to elucidate novel therapeutic discoveries. Furthermore, future BFP upgrades aimed at improving output and feasibility are anticipated, emphasizing its growing importance in the field of cell mechanobiology. Although BFP-DFS remains a niche research modality, its impact on the expanding field of cell mechanobiology is immense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Moldovan
- School of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of SydneyDarlingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneyCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia
- Heart Research InstituteNewtownNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Caroline Haoran Song
- School of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of SydneyDarlingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneyCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia
- Heart Research InstituteNewtownNew South WalesAustralia
- Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano)The University of SydneyCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Yiyao Catherine Chen
- School of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of SydneyDarlingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Haoqing Jerry Wang
- School of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of SydneyDarlingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- Heart Research InstituteNewtownNew South WalesAustralia
- Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano)The University of SydneyCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of SydneyDarlingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneyCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia
- Heart Research InstituteNewtownNew South WalesAustralia
- Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano)The University of SydneyCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia
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6
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Rosado AM, Zhang Y, Choi HK, Chen Y, Ehrlich SM, Jin F, Grakoui A, Evavold BD, Zhu C. Memory in repetitive protein–protein interaction series. APL Bioeng 2023. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0130805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between proteins coordinate biological processes in an organism and may impact its responses to changing environments and diseases through feedback systems. Feedback systems function by using changes in the past to influence behaviors in the future, which we refer to here as memory. Here, we summarized several observations made, ideas conceptualized, and mathematical models developed for quantitatively analyzing memory effects in repetitive protein–protein interactions (PPIs). Specifically, we consider how proteins on the cell or in isolation retain information about prior interactions to impact current interactions. The micropipette, biomembrane force probe, and atomic force microscopic techniques were used to repeatedly assay PPIs. The resulting time series were analyzed by a previous and two new models to extract three memory indices of short (seconds), intermediate (minutes), and long (hours) timescales. We found that interactions of cell membrane, but not soluble, T cell receptor (TCR) with peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) exhibits short-term memory that impacts on-rate, but not off-rate of the binding kinetics. Peptide dissociation from MHC resulted in intermediate- and long-term memories in TCR–pMHC interactions. However, we observed no changes in kinetic parameters by repetitive measurements on living cells over intermediate timescales using stable pMHCs. Parameters quantifying memory effects in PPIs could provide additional information regarding biological mechanisms. The methods developed herein also provide tools for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M. Rosado
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Georgia W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Hyun-Kyu Choi
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Georgia W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Samuel M. Ehrlich
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Georgia W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Fengzhi Jin
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Arash Grakoui
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Brian D. Evavold
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332 USA
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Georgia W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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7
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Moderate Constraint Facilitates Association and Force-Dependent Dissociation of HA-CD44 Complex. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032243. [PMID: 36768572 PMCID: PMC9917194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Binding of cell surface glycoprotein CD44 to hyaluronic acid (HA) is a key event for mediating cell adhesion, motility, metastasis, inflammatory responses and tumor development, but the regulation mechanism and its molecular basis under diverse mechanical constraints remain unclear. We herein investigated interaction of CD44 HABD (HA binding site domain) to HA through free and steered molecular dynamics (MD) simulations as well as atomic force microscope (AFM) measurement using different constraints on HA. The middle, two ends or both of the constrained HA chains were fixed for MD simulations, while one and two biotin-avidin linkage or physical absorption were used to immobilize HA on substrates for AFM experiments, to model HA chains with low, moderate and high HA flexibilities, respectively. We found that binding of CD44 to moderate fixed HA was possessed of a better thermo-stability, a lower mechanical strength and a higher dissociation probability, while higher adhesive frequency, smaller rupture force and shorter lifetime were assigned to CD44 on the two biotin-immobilized HA rather than one biotin-immobilized or physically absorbed HA on substrates, suggesting a moderate HA flexibility requirement in favor of association and force-induced dissociation of CD44-HA complex. Tensile-induced convex conformation of HA chain was responsible for reduction of complex mechano-stability and did inversely a shrunken CD44 HABD under stretching; transition from catch bond to slip bond governed CD44-HA interaction. This study uncovered the regulation mechanism and its molecular basis for CD44-HA affinity under diverse mechano-microenvironments and provided a new insight into CD44-HA interaction-mediated cell inflammatory responses and tumor development.
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Qin R, An C, Chen W. Physical-Chemical Regulation of Membrane Receptors Dynamics in Viral Invasion and Immune Defense. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:167800. [PMID: 36007627 PMCID: PMC9394170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical cues dynamically regulate membrane receptors functions to trigger various physiological and pathological processes from viral invasion to immune defense. These cues mainly include various types of dynamic mechanical forces and the spatial confinement of plasma membrane. However, the molecular mechanisms of how they couple with biochemical cues in regulating membrane receptors functions still remain mysterious. Here, we review recent advances in methodologies of single-molecule biomechanical techniques and in novel biomechanical regulatory mechanisms of critical ligand recognition of viral and immune receptors including SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, T cell receptor (TCR) and other co-stimulatory immune receptors. Furthermore, we provide our perspectives of the general principle of how force-dependent kinetics determine the dynamic functions of membrane receptors and of biomechanical-mechanism-driven SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody design and TCR engineering for T-cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qin
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chenyi An
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory for Modern Optical Instrumentation Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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9
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Belyaev AV, Kushchenko YK. Biomechanical activation of blood platelets via adhesion to von Willebrand factor studied with mesoscopic simulations. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:785-808. [PMID: 36627458 PMCID: PMC9838538 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01681-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Platelet adhesion and activation are essential initial processes of arterial and microvascular hemostasis, where high hydrodynamic forces from the bloodflow impede coagulation. The process relies on von Willebrand factor (VWF)-a linear multimeric protein of blood plasma plays a pivotal role in mechanochemical regulation of shear-induced platelet aggregation (SIPA). Adhesive interactions between VWF and glycoprotein receptors GPIb are crucial for platelet recruitment under high shear stress in fluid. Recent advances in experimental studies revealed that mechanical tension on the extracellular part of GPIb may trigger a cascade of biochemical reactions in platelets leading to activation of integrins [Formula: see text] (also known as GPIIb/IIIa) and strengthening of the adhesion. The present paper is aimed at investigation of this process by three-dimensional computer simulations of platelet adhesion to surface-grafted VWF multimers in pressure-driven flow of platelet-rich plasma. The simulations demonstrate that GPIb-mediated mechanotransduction is a feasible way of platelet activation and stabilization of platelet aggregates under high shear stress. Quantitative understanding of mechanochemical processes involved in SIPA would potentially promote the discovery of new anti-platelet medication and the development of multiscale numerical models of platelet thrombosis and hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey V. Belyaev
- grid.14476.300000 0001 2342 9668Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-2 Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, Russia 119991
| | - Yulia K. Kushchenko
- grid.14476.300000 0001 2342 9668Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-2 Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, Russia 119991
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10
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Zhang Y, Ehrlich SM, Zhu C, Du X. Signaling mechanisms of the platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX complex. Platelets 2022; 33:823-832. [PMID: 35615944 PMCID: PMC9378482 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2022.2071852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The glycoprotein Ib-IX (GPIb-IX) complex mediates initial platelet adhesion to von Willebrand factor (VWF) immobilized on subendothelial matrix and endothelial surfaces, and transmits VWF binding-induced signals to stimulate platelet activation. GPIb-IX also functions as part of a mechanosensor to convert mechanical force received via VWF binding into intracellular signals, thereby greatly enhancing platelet activation. Thrombin binding to GPIb-IX initiates GPIb-IX signaling cooperatively with protease-activated receptors to synergistically stimulate the platelet response to low-dose thrombin. GPIb-IX signaling may also occur following the binding of other GPIb-IX ligands such as leukocyte integrin αMβ2 and red cell-derived semaphorin 7A, contributing to thrombo-inflammation. GPIb-IX signaling requires the interaction between the cytoplasmic domains of GPIb-IX and 14-3-3 protein and is mediated through Src family kinases, the Rho family of small GTPases, phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt-cGMP-mitogen-activated protein kinase, and LIM kinase 1 signaling pathways, leading to calcium mobilization, integrin activation, and granule secretion. This review summarizes the current understanding of GPIb-IX signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago,Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Samuel M Ehrlich
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Cheng Zhu
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiaoping Du
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago,Chicago, Illinois, USA
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11
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Sahan AZ, Baday M, Patel CB. Biomimetic Hydrogels in the Study of Cancer Mechanobiology: Overview, Biomedical Applications, and Future Perspectives. Gels 2022; 8:gels8080496. [PMID: 36005097 PMCID: PMC9407355 DOI: 10.3390/gels8080496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are biocompatible polymers that are tunable to the system under study, allowing them to be widely used in medicine, bioprinting, tissue engineering, and biomechanics. Hydrogels are used to mimic the three-dimensional microenvironment of tissues, which is essential to understanding cell–cell interactions and intracellular signaling pathways (e.g., proliferation, apoptosis, growth, and survival). Emerging evidence suggests that the malignant properties of cancer cells depend on mechanical cues that arise from changes in their microenvironment. These mechanobiological cues include stiffness, shear stress, and pressure, and have an impact on cancer proliferation and invasion. The hydrogels can be tuned to simulate these mechanobiological tissue properties. Although interest in and research on the biomedical applications of hydrogels has increased in the past 25 years, there is still much to learn about the development of biomimetic hydrogels and their potential applications in biomedical and clinical settings. This review highlights the application of hydrogels in developing pre-clinical cancer models and their potential for translation to human disease with a focus on reviewing the utility of such models in studying glioblastoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Z. Sahan
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Murat Baday
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Precision Health and Integrated Diagnostics Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (C.B.P.)
| | - Chirag B. Patel
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (C.B.P.)
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12
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An C, Wang X, Song F, Hu J, Li L. Insights into intercellular receptor-ligand binding kinetics in cell communication. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:953353. [PMID: 35837553 PMCID: PMC9273785 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.953353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell communication is crucial for cells to sense, respond and adapt to environmental cues and stimuli. The intercellular communication process, which involves multiple length scales, is mediated by the specific binding of membrane-anchored receptors and ligands. Gaining insight into two-dimensional receptor-ligand binding kinetics is of great significance for understanding numerous physiological and pathological processes, and stimulating new strategies in drug design and discovery. To this end, extensive studies have been performed to illuminate the underlying mechanisms that control intercellular receptor-ligand binding kinetics via experiment, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. It has been well established that the cellular microenvironment where the receptor-ligand interaction occurs plays a vital role. In this review, we focus on the advances regarding the regulatory effects of three factors including 1) protein-membrane interaction, 2) biomechanical force, and 3) bioelectric microenvironment to summarize the relevant experimental observations, underlying mechanisms, as well as their biomedical significances and applications. Meanwhile, we introduce modeling methods together with experiment technologies developed for dealing with issues at different scales. We also outline future directions to advance the field and highlight that building up systematic understandings for the coupling effects of these regulatory factors can greatly help pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi An
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohuan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinglei Hu
- Kuang Yaming Honors School and Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jinglei Hu, ; Long Li,
| | - Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jinglei Hu, ; Long Li,
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13
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Bendas G, Schlesinger M. The GPIb-IX complex on platelets: insight into its novel physiological functions affecting immune surveillance, hepatic thrombopoietin generation, platelet clearance and its relevance for cancer development and metastasis. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:19. [PMID: 35366951 PMCID: PMC8976409 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX complex is a platelet receptor that mediates the initial interaction with subendothelial von Willebrand factor (VWF) causing platelet arrest at sites of vascular injury even under conditions of high shear. GPIb-IX dysfunction or deficiency is the reason for the rare but severe Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS), a congenital bleeding disorder. Although knowledge on GPIb-IX structure, its basic functions, ligands, and intracellular signaling cascades have been well established, several advances in GPIb-IX biology have been made in the recent years. Thus, two mechanosensitive domains and a trigger sequence in GPIb were characterized and its role as a thrombin receptor was deciphered. Furthermore, it became clear that GPIb-IX is involved in the regulation of platelet production, clearance and thrombopoietin secretion. GPIb is deemed to contribute to liver cancer development and metastasis. This review recapitulates these novel findings highlighting GPIb-IX in its multiple functions as a key for immune regulation, host defense, and liver cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Bendas
- Department of Pharmacy, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Schlesinger
- Department of Pharmacy, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany. .,Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn, Germany.
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14
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Constantinescu-Bercu A, Wang YA, Woollard KJ, Mangin P, Vanhoorelbeke K, Crawley JTB, Salles-Crawley II. The GPIbα intracellular tail - role in transducing VWF- and collagen/GPVI-mediated signaling. Haematologica 2022; 107:933-946. [PMID: 34134470 PMCID: PMC8968903 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.278242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The GPIbT-VWF A1 domain interaction is essential for platelet tethering under high shear. Synergy between GPIbα and GPVI signaling machineries has been suggested previously, however its molecular mechanism remains unclear. We generated a novel GPIbα transgenic mouse (GpIbαΔsig/Δsig) by CRISPR-Cas9 technology to delete the last 24 residues of the GPIbα intracellular tail that harbors the 14-3-3 and phosphoinositide-3 kinase binding sites. GPIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets bound VWF normally under flow. However, they formed fewer filopodia on VWF/botrocetin in the presence of a oIIbI3 blocker, demonstrating that despite normal ligand binding, VWF-dependent signaling is diminished. Activation of GpIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets with ADP and thrombin was normal, but GpIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets stimulated with collagen-related-peptide (CRP) exhibited markedly decreased P-selectin exposure and eIIbI3 activation, suggesting a role for the GpIbaaintracellular tail in GPVI-mediated signaling. Consistent with this, while haemostasis was normal in GPIbαΔsig/Δsig mice, diminished tyrosine-phosphorylation, (particularly pSYK) was detected in CRP-stimulated GpIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets as well as reduced platelet spreading on CRP. Platelet responses to rhodocytin were also affected in GpIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets but to a lesser extent than those with CRP. GpIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets formed smaller aggregates than wild-type platelets on collagen-coated microchannels at low, medium and high shear. In response to both VWF and collagen binding, flow assays performed with plasma-free blood or in the presence of bIIbI3- or GPVI-blockers suggested reduced bIIbI3 activation contributes to the phenotype of the GpIbαΔsig/Δsig platelets. Together, these results reveal a new role for the intracellular tail of GPIbiiin transducing both VWF-GPIbGGand collagen-GPVI signaling events in platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuxiao A Wang
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kevin J Woollard
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Pierre Mangin
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - James T B Crawley
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle I Salles-Crawley
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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15
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Wang H, Obeidy P, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Su QP, Cox CD, Ju LA. Fluorescence-coupled micropipette aspiration assay to examine calcium mobilization caused by red blood cell mechanosensing. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL : EBJ 2022; 51:135-146. [PMID: 35286429 PMCID: PMC8964638 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-022-01595-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical stimuli such as tension, compression, and shear stress play critical roles in the physiological functions of red blood cells (RBCs) and their homeostasis, ATP release, and rheological properties. Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) mobilization reflects RBC mechanosensing as they transverse the complex vasculature. Emerging studies have demonstrated the presence of mechanosensitive Ca2+ permeable ion channels and their function has been implicated in the regulation of RBC volume and deformability. However, how these mechanoreceptors trigger Ca2+ influx and subsequent cellular responses are still unclear. Here, we introduce a fluorescence-coupled micropipette aspiration assay to examine RBC mechanosensing at the single-cell level. To achieve a wide range of cell aspirations, we implemented and compared two negative pressure adjusting apparatuses: a homemade water manometer (- 2.94 to 0 mmH2O) and a pneumatic high-speed pressure clamp (- 25 to 0 mmHg). To visualize Ca2+ influx, RBCs were pre-loaded with an intensiometric probe Cal-520 AM, then imaged under a confocal microscope with concurrent bright-field and fluorescent imaging at acquisition rates of 10 frames per second. Remarkably, we observed the related changes in intracellular Ca2+ levels immediately after aspirating individual RBCs in a pressure-dependent manner. The RBC aspirated by the water manometer only displayed 1.1-fold increase in fluorescence intensity, whereas the RBC aspirated by the pneumatic clamp showed up to threefold increase. These results demonstrated the water manometer as a gentle tool for cell manipulation with minimal pre-activation, while the high-speed pneumatic clamp as a much stronger pressure actuator to examine cell mechanosensing directly. Together, this multimodal platform enables us to precisely control aspiration and membrane tension, and subsequently correlate this with intracellular calcium concentration dynamics in a robust and reproducible manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqing Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Peyman Obeidy
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia
| | - Zihao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia.,School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia
| | - Yunduo Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia.,Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia.,Cellular and Genetic Medicine Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Qian Peter Su
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Charles D Cox
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia. .,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. .,Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia.
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16
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Wang H, Zhou F, Guo Y, Ju LA. Micropipette-based biomechanical nanotools on living cells. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL : EBJ 2022; 51:119-133. [PMID: 35171346 PMCID: PMC8964576 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-021-01587-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mechanobiology is an emerging field at the interface of biology and mechanics, investigating the roles of mechanical forces within biomolecules, organelles, cells, and tissues. As a highlight, the recent advances of micropipette-based aspiration assays and dynamic force spectroscopies such as biomembrane force probe (BFP) provide unprecedented mechanobiological insights with excellent live-cell compatibility. In their classic applications, these assays measure force-dependent ligand-receptor-binding kinetics, protein conformational changes, and cellular mechanical properties such as cortical tension and stiffness. In recent years, when combined with advanced microscopies in high spatial and temporal resolutions, these biomechanical nanotools enable characterization of receptor-mediated cell mechanosensing and subsequent organelle behaviors at single-cellular and molecular level. In this review, we summarize the latest developments of these assays for live-cell mechanobiology studies. We also provide perspectives on their future upgrades with multimodal integration and high-throughput capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqing Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Fang Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, Australia
| | - Yuze Guo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, Australia
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, Australia. .,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. .,Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia.
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17
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Zhang Y, Jiang F, Chen Y, Ju LA. Platelet Mechanobiology Inspired Microdevices: From Hematological Function Tests to Disease and Drug Screening. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:779753. [PMID: 35126120 PMCID: PMC8811026 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.779753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet function tests are essential to profile platelet dysfunction and dysregulation in hemostasis and thrombosis. Clinically they provide critical guidance to the patient management and therapeutic evaluation. Recently, the biomechanical effects induced by hemodynamic and contractile forces on platelet functions attracted increasing attention. Unfortunately, the existing platelet function tests on the market do not sufficiently incorporate the topical platelet mechanobiology at play. Besides, they are often expensive and bulky systems that require large sample volumes and long processing time. To this end, numerous novel microfluidic technologies emerge to mimic vascular anatomies, incorporate hemodynamic parameters and recapitulate platelet mechanobiology. These miniaturized and cost-efficient microfluidic devices shed light on high-throughput, rapid and scalable platelet function testing, hematological disorder profiling and antiplatelet drug screening. Moreover, the existing antiplatelet drugs often have suboptimal efficacy while incurring several adverse bleeding side effects on certain individuals. Encouraged by a few microfluidic systems that are successfully commercialized and applied to clinical practices, the microfluidics that incorporate platelet mechanobiology hold great potential as handy, efficient, and inexpensive point-of-care tools for patient monitoring and therapeutic evaluation. Hereby, we first summarize the conventional and commercially available platelet function tests. Then we highlight the recent advances of platelet mechanobiology inspired microfluidic technologies. Last but not least, we discuss their future potential of microfluidics as point-of-care tools for platelet function test and antiplatelet drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Fengtao Jiang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- The Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Lining Arnold Ju,
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18
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Zhao YC, Wang H, Wang Y, Lou J, Ju LA. The N-terminal autoinhibitory module of the A1 domain in von Willebrand factor stabilizes the mechanosensor catch bond. RSC Chem Biol 2022; 3:707-720. [PMID: 35755187 PMCID: PMC9175105 DOI: 10.1039/d2cb00010e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The N-AIM of VWF-A1 forms a Rotini-like structure, therefore partially autoinhibit VWF-A1–GPIbα interaction. The N-AIM acts as a defending sword to protect and stabilize the VWF-A1 structure under harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunduo Charles Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2008, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Haoqing Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2008, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2008, Australia
- Cellular and Genetic Medicine Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jizhong Lou
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2008, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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19
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SIPA in 10 milliseconds: VWF tentacles agglomerate and capture platelets under high shear. Blood Adv 2021; 6:2453-2465. [PMID: 34933342 PMCID: PMC9043924 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Agglomeration and capture of agglomerates after travelling a lag distance of >100 µm creates SIPA as fast as 10 milliseconds. Phase diagrams of SIPA controlled by VWF length and concentration provide mechanistic insights for various thrombotic and hemostatic events.
Shear-induced platelet aggregation (SIPA) occurs under elevated shear rates (10 000 s−1) found in stenotic coronary and carotid arteries. The pathologically high shear environment can lead to occlusive thrombosis by SIPA from the interaction of nonactivated platelets and von Willebrand factor (VWF) via glycoprotein Ib–A1 binding. This process under high shear rates is difficult to visualize experimentally with concurrent molecular- and cellular-resolutions. To understand this fast bonding, we employ a validated multiscale in silico model incorporating measured molecular kinetics and a thrombosis-on-a-chip device to delineate the flow-mediated biophysics of VWF and platelets assembly into mural microthrombi. We show that SIPA begins with VWF elongation, followed by agglomeration of platelets in the flow by soluble VWF entanglement before mural capture of the agglomerate by immobilized VWF. The entire SIPA process occurs on the order of 10 milliseconds with the agglomerate traveling a lag distance of a few hundred microns before capture, matching in vitro results. Increasing soluble VWF concentration by ∼20 times in silico leads to a ∼2 to 3 times increase in SIPA rates, matching the increase in occlusion rates found in vitro. The morphology of mural aggregates is primarily controlled by VWF molecular weight (length), where normal-length VWF leads to cluster or elongated aggregates and ultra-long VWF leads to loose aggregates seen by others’ experiments. Finally, we present phase diagrams of SIPA, which provides biomechanistic rationales for a variety of thrombotic and hemostatic events in terms of platelet agglomeration and capture.
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20
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Mojzisch A, Brehm MA. The Manifold Cellular Functions of von Willebrand Factor. Cells 2021; 10:2351. [PMID: 34572000 PMCID: PMC8466076 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (VWF) is exclusively synthesized in endothelial cells (ECs) and megakaryocytes, the precursor cells of platelets. Its primary function lies in hemostasis. However, VWF is much more than just a "fishing hook" for platelets and a transporter for coagulation factor VIII. VWF is a true multitasker when it comes to its many roles in cellular processes. In ECs, VWF coordinates the formation of Weibel-Palade bodies and guides several cargo proteins to these storage organelles, which control the release of hemostatic, inflammatory and angiogenic factors. Leukocytes employ VWF to assist their rolling on, adhesion to and passage through the endothelium. Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation is supported by VWF, and it regulates angiogenesis. The life cycle of platelets is accompanied by VWF from their budding from megakaryocytes to adhesion, activation and aggregation until the end in apoptosis. Some tumor cells acquire the ability to produce VWF to promote metastasis and hide in a shell of VWF and platelets, and even the maturation of osteoclasts is regulated by VWF. This review summarizes the current knowledge on VWF's versatile cellular functions and the resulting pathophysiological consequences of their dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Mojzisch
- Dermatology and Venerology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Maria A. Brehm
- School of Life Sciences, University of Siegen, 57076 Siegen, Germany
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21
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Syrjanen J, Michalski K, Kawate T, Furukawa H. On the molecular nature of large-pore channels. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:166994. [PMID: 33865869 PMCID: PMC8409005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.166994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Membrane transport is a fundamental means to control basic cellular processes such as apoptosis, inflammation, and neurodegeneration and is mediated by a number of transporters, pumps, and channels. Accumulating evidence over the last half century has shown that a type of so-called "large-pore channel" exists in various tissues and organs in gap-junctional and non-gap-junctional forms in order to flow not only ions but also metabolites such as ATP. They are formed by a number of protein families with little or no evolutionary linkages including connexin, innexin, pannexin, leucine-rich repeat-containing 8 (LRRC8), and calcium homeostasis modulator (CALHM). This review summarizes the history and concept of large-pore channels starting from connexin gap junction channels to the more recent developments in innexin, pannexin, LRRC8, and CALHM. We describe structural and functional features of large-pore channels that are crucial for their diverse functions on the basis of available structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Syrjanen
- W.M. Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Kevin Michalski
- W.M. Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Toshimitsu Kawate
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Fields of Biochemistry, Molecular, and Cell Biology (BMCB), and Biophysics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Hiro Furukawa
- W.M. Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
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22
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Alegre-Cebollada J. Protein nanomechanics in biological context. Biophys Rev 2021; 13:435-454. [PMID: 34466164 PMCID: PMC8355295 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00822-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
How proteins respond to pulling forces, or protein nanomechanics, is a key contributor to the form and function of biological systems. Indeed, the conventional view that proteins are able to diffuse in solution does not apply to the many polypeptides that are anchored to rigid supramolecular structures. These tethered proteins typically have important mechanical roles that enable cells to generate, sense, and transduce mechanical forces. To fully comprehend the interplay between mechanical forces and biology, we must understand how protein nanomechanics emerge in living matter. This endeavor is definitely challenging and only recently has it started to appear tractable. Here, I introduce the main in vitro single-molecule biophysics methods that have been instrumental to investigate protein nanomechanics over the last 2 decades. Then, I present the contemporary view on how mechanical force shapes the free energy of tethered proteins, as well as the effect of biological factors such as post-translational modifications and mutations. To illustrate the contribution of protein nanomechanics to biological function, I review current knowledge on the mechanobiology of selected muscle and cell adhesion proteins including titin, talin, and bacterial pilins. Finally, I discuss emerging methods to modulate protein nanomechanics in living matter, for instance by inducing specific mechanical loss-of-function (mLOF). By interrogating biological systems in a causative manner, these new tools can contribute to further place protein nanomechanics in a biological context.
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23
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Hemodynamic analysis for stenosis microfluidic model of thrombosis with refined computational fluid dynamics simulation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6875. [PMID: 33767279 PMCID: PMC7994556 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbed blood flow has been increasingly recognized for its critical role in platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Microfluidics with hump shaped contractions have been developed to mimic microvascular stenosis and recapitulate the prothrombotic effect of flow disturbance. However the physical determinants of microfluidic hemodynamics are not completely defined. Here, we report a refined computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation approach to map the shear rate (γ) and wall shear stress (τ) distribution in the stenotic region at high accuracy. Using ultra-fine meshing with sensitivity verification, our CFD results show that the stenosis level (S) is dominant over the bulk shear rate (γ0) and contraction angle (α) in determining γ and τ distribution at stenosis. In contrast, α plays a significant role in governing the shear rate gradient (γ′) distribution while it exhibits subtle effects on the peak γ. To investigate the viscosity effect, we employ a Generalized Power-Law model to simulate blood flow as a non-Newtonian fluid, showing negligible difference in the γ distribution when compared with Newtonian simulation with water medium. Together, our refined CFD method represents a comprehensive approach to examine microfluidic hemodynamics in three dimensions and guide microfabrication designs. Combining this with hematological experiments promises to advance understandings of the rheological effect in thrombosis and platelet mechanobiology.
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24
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Quach ME, Li R. Structure-function of platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:3131-3141. [PMID: 32735697 PMCID: PMC7854888 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The glycoprotein (GP)Ib-IX receptor complex plays a critical role in platelet physiology and pathology. Its interaction with von Willebrand factor (VWF) on the subendothelial matrix instigates platelet arrest at the site of vascular injury and is vital to primary hemostasis. Its reception to other ligands and counter-receptors in the bloodstream also contribute to various processes of platelet biology that are still being discovered. While its basic composition and its link to congenital bleeding disorders were well documented and firmly established more than 25 years ago, recent years have witnessed critical advances in the organization, dynamics, activation, regulation, and functions of the GPIb-IX complex. This review summarizes important findings and identifies questions that remain about this unique platelet mechanoreceptor complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Edward Quach
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Renhao Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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25
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An C, Hu W, Gao J, Ju BF, Obeidy P, Zhao YC, Tu X, Fang W, Ju LA, Chen W. Ultra-stable Biomembrane Force Probe for Accurately Determining Slow Dissociation Kinetics of PD-1 Blockade Antibodies on Single Living Cells. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:5133-5140. [PMID: 32530632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) has remarkably revolutionized cancer therapy. Their binding kinetics measured by surface plasmon resonance does not always correlate well with their immunotherapeutic efficacies, mainly due to the lack of two-dimensional cell plasma membrane and the capability of force sensing and manipulation. In this regard, based on a more suitable and ultra-sensitive biomechanical nanotool, biomembrane force probe (BFP), we developed a Double-edge Smart Feedback control system as an ultra-stable platform to characterize ultra-long bond lifetimes of receptor-ligand binding on living cells. We further benchmarked the dissociation kinetics for three clinically approved PD-1 blockade mAbs (Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab, and Camrelizumab), intriguingly correlating well with the objective response rates in the hepatocellular carcinoma second-line treatment. This ultra-stable BFP potentially provides a compelling kinetic platform to direct the screening, optimization, and clinical selection of therapeutic antibodies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi An
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, and School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, and School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, and School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058
| | - Bing-Feng Ju
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, and School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058
| | - Peyman Obeidy
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales Australia, 2006
| | - Yunduo Charles Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales Australia, 2006
| | - Xiaoxuan Tu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, 310000
| | - Weijia Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, 310000
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, 310000
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales Australia, 2006
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, New South Wales Australia, 2042
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, and School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058
- State Key Laboratory for Modern Optical Instrumentation and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058
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26
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Chen Y, Ju LA. Biomechanical thrombosis: the dark side of force and dawn of mechano-medicine. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2020; 5:185-197. [PMID: 32606086 PMCID: PMC7337368 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2019-000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial thrombosis is in part contributed by excessive platelet aggregation, which can lead to blood clotting and subsequent heart attack and stroke. Platelets are sensitive to the haemodynamic environment. Rapid haemodynamcis and disturbed blood flow, which occur in vessels with growing thrombi and atherosclerotic plaques or is caused by medical device implantation and intervention, promotes platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. In such situations, conventional antiplatelet drugs often have suboptimal efficacy and a serious side effect of excessive bleeding. Investigating the mechanisms of platelet biomechanical activation provides insights distinct from the classic views of agonist-stimulated platelet thrombus formation. In this work, we review the recent discoveries underlying haemodynamic force-reinforced platelet binding and mechanosensing primarily mediated by three platelet receptors: glycoprotein Ib (GPIb), glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) and glycoprotein VI (GPVI), and their implications for development of antithrombotic 'mechano-medicine' .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Chen
- Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Heart Research Institute and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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27
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Constantinescu-Bercu A, Grassi L, Frontini M, Salles-Crawley II, Woollard K, Crawley JTB. Activated α IIbβ 3 on platelets mediates flow-dependent NETosis via SLC44A2. eLife 2020; 9:e53353. [PMID: 32314961 PMCID: PMC7253179 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-neutrophil interactions are important for innate immunity, but also contribute to the pathogenesis of deep vein thrombosis, myocardial infarction and stroke. Here we report that, under flow, von Willebrand factor/glycoprotein Ibα-dependent platelet 'priming' induces integrin αIIbβ3 activation that, in turn, mediates neutrophil and T-cell binding. Binding of platelet αIIbβ3 to SLC44A2 on neutrophils leads to mechanosensitive-dependent production of highly prothrombotic neutrophil extracellular traps. A polymorphism in SLC44A2 (rs2288904-A) present in 22% of the population causes an R154Q substitution in an extracellular loop of SLC44A2 that is protective against venous thrombosis results in severely impaired binding to both activated αIIbβ3 and VWF-primed platelets. This was confirmed using neutrophils homozygous for the SLC44A2 R154Q polymorphism. Taken together, these data reveal a previously unreported mode of platelet-neutrophil crosstalk, mechanosensitive NET production, and provide mechanistic insight into the protective effect of the SLC44A2 rs2288904-A polymorphism in venous thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Constantinescu-Bercu
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Luigi Grassi
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research BioResource, Rare Diseases, Cambridge University HospitalsCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Mattia Frontini
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Isabelle I Salles-Crawley
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Kevin Woollard
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - James TB Crawley
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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28
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Sachs L, Denker C, Greinacher A, Palankar R. Quantifying single-platelet biomechanics: An outsider's guide to biophysical methods and recent advances. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2020; 4:386-401. [PMID: 32211573 PMCID: PMC7086474 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are the key cellular components of blood primarily contributing to formation of stable hemostatic plugs at the site of vascular injury, thus preventing excessive blood loss. On the other hand, excessive platelet activation can contribute to thrombosis. Platelets respond to many stimuli that can be of biochemical, cellular, or physical origin. This drives platelet activation kinetics and plays a vital role in physiological and pathological situations. Currently used bulk assays are inadequate for comprehensive biomechanical assessment of single platelets. Individual platelets interact and respond differentially while modulating their biomechanical behavior depending on dynamic changes that occur in surrounding microenvironments. Quantitative description of such a phenomenon at single-platelet regime and up to nanometer resolution requires methodological approaches that can manipulate individual platelets at submicron scales. This review focusses on principles, specific examples, and limitations of several relevant biophysical methods applied to single-platelet analysis such as micropipette aspiration, atomic force microscopy, scanning ion conductance microscopy and traction force microscopy. Additionally, we are introducing a promising single-cell approach, real-time deformability cytometry, as an emerging biophysical method for high-throughput biomechanical characterization of single platelets. This review serves as an introductory guide for clinician scientists and beginners interested in exploring one or more of the above-mentioned biophysical methods to address outstanding questions in single-platelet biomechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sachs
- Institute of Immunology and Transfusion MedicineUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | | | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute of Immunology and Transfusion MedicineUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Raghavendra Palankar
- Institute of Immunology and Transfusion MedicineUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
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29
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Li JL, Zarbock A, Hidalgo A. Platelets as autonomous drones for hemostatic and immune surveillance. J Exp Med 2020; 214:2193-2204. [PMID: 28720569 PMCID: PMC5551582 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20170879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets participate in many important physiological processes, including hemostasis and immunity. However, despite their broad participation in these evolutionarily critical roles, the anucleate platelet is uniquely mammalian. In contrast with the large nucleated equivalents in lower vertebrates, we find that the design template for the evolutionary specialization of platelets shares remarkable similarities with human-engineered unmanned aerial vehicles in terms of overall autonomy, maneuverability, and expendability. Here, we review evidence illustrating how platelets are uniquely suited for surveillance and the manner in which they consequently provide various types of support to other cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson LiangYao Li
- Area of Developmental and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Area of Developmental and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximillians-University, Munich, Germany
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30
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Zhu C, Chen Y, Ju LA. Dynamic bonds and their roles in mechanosensing. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 53:88-97. [PMID: 31563813 PMCID: PMC6926149 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical forces are ubiquitous in a cell's internal structure and external environment. Mechanosensing is the process that the cell employs to sense its mechanical environment. In receptor-mediated mechanosensing, cell surface receptors interact with immobilized ligands to provide a specific way to receive extracellular force signals to targeted force-transmitting, force-transducing and force-supporting structures inside the cell. Conversely, forces generated endogenously by the cell can be transmitted via cytoplasmic protein-protein interactions and regulate cell surface receptor activities in an 'inside-out' manner. Dynamic force spectroscopy analyzes these interactions on and inside cells to reveal various dynamic bonds. What is more, by integrating analysis of molecular interactions with that of cell signaling events involved in force-sensing and force-responding processes, one can investigate how dynamic bonds regulate the reception, transmission and transduction of mechanical signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhu
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, MERU-Roon Research Center on Vascular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
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31
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Rana A, Westein E, Niego B, Hagemeyer CE. Shear-Dependent Platelet Aggregation: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:141. [PMID: 31620451 PMCID: PMC6763557 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the number one cause of morbidity and death worldwide. As estimated by the WHO, the global death rate from CVD is 31% wherein, a staggering 85% results from stroke and myocardial infarction. Platelets, one of the key components of thrombi, have been well-investigated over decades for their pivotal role in thrombus development in healthy as well as diseased blood vessels. In hemostasis, when a vascular injury occurs, circulating platelets are arrested at the site of damage, where they are activated and aggregate to form hemostatic thrombi, thus preventing further bleeding. However, in thrombosis, pathological activation of platelets occurs, leading to uncontrolled growth of a thrombus, which in turn can occlude the blood vessel or embolize, causing downstream ischemic events. The molecular processes causing pathological thrombus development are in large similar to the processes controlling physiological thrombus formation. The biggest challenge of anti-thrombotics and anti-platelet therapeutics has been to decouple the pathological platelet response from the physiological one. Currently, marketed anti-platelet drugs are associated with major bleeding complications for this exact reason; they are not effective in targeting pathological thrombi without interfering with normal hemostasis. Recent studies have emphasized the importance of shear forces generated from blood flow, that primarily drive platelet activation and aggregation in thrombosis. Local shear stresses in obstructed blood vessels can be higher by up to two orders of magnitude as compared to healthy vessels. Leveraging abnormal shear forces in the thrombus microenvironment may allow to differentiate between thrombosis and hemostasis and develop shear-selective anti-platelet therapies. In this review, we discuss the influence of shear forces on thrombosis and the underlying mechanisms of shear-induced platelet activation. Later, we summarize the therapeutic approaches to target shear-sensitive platelet activation and pathological thrombus growth, with a particular focus on the shear-sensitive protein von Willebrand Factor (VWF). Inhibition of shear-specific platelet aggregation and targeted drug delivery may prove to be much safer and efficacious approaches over current state-of-the-art antithrombotic drugs in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshita Rana
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Erik Westein
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Be'eri Niego
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christoph E Hagemeyer
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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32
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[Platelet GPⅠb-Ⅸ-Ⅴ receptor-mediated mechanism and its application in thrombotic diseases]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2019; 40:532-536. [PMID: 31340631 PMCID: PMC7342399 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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33
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Abstract
The vasculature is a dynamic environment in which blood platelets constantly survey the endothelium for sites of vessel damage. The formation of a mechanically coherent hemostatic plug to prevent blood loss relies on a coordinated series of ligand-receptor interactions governing the recruitment, activation, and aggregation of platelets. The physical biology of each step is distinct in that the recruitment of platelets depends on the mechanosensing of the platelet receptor glycoprotein Ib for the adhesive protein von Willebrand factor, whereas platelet activation and aggregation are responsive to the mechanical forces sensed at adhesive junctions between platelets and at the platelet-matrix interface. Herein we take a biophysical perspective to discuss the current understanding of platelet mechanotransduction as well as the measurement techniques used to quantify the physical biology of platelets in the context of thrombus formation under flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Hansen
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA; .,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Yongzhi Qiu
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA; .,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Wilbur A Lam
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA; .,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- X Frank Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
| | - Xuanhong Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
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35
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Chen Y, Ju LA, Zhou F, Liao J, Xue L, Su QP, Jin D, Yuan Y, Lu H, Jackson SP, Zhu C. An integrin α IIbβ 3 intermediate affinity state mediates biomechanical platelet aggregation. NATURE MATERIALS 2019; 18:760-769. [PMID: 30911119 PMCID: PMC6586518 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0323-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Integrins are membrane receptors that mediate cell adhesion and mechanosensing. The structure-function relationship of integrins remains incompletely understood, despite the extensive studies carried out because of its importance to basic cell biology and translational medicine. Using a fluorescence dual biomembrane force probe, microfluidics and cone-and-plate rheometry, we applied precisely controlled mechanical stimulations to platelets and identified an intermediate state of integrin αIIbβ3 that is characterized by an ectodomain conformation, ligand affinity and bond lifetimes that are all intermediate between the well-known inactive and active states. This intermediate state is induced by ligand engagement of glycoprotein (GP) Ibα via a mechanosignalling pathway and potentiates the outside-in mechanosignalling of αIIbβ3 for further transition to the active state during integrin mechanical affinity maturation. Our work reveals distinct αIIbβ3 state transitions in response to biomechanical and biochemical stimuli, and identifies a role for the αIIbβ3 intermediate state in promoting biomechanical platelet aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Chen
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, MERU-Roon Research Center on Vascular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fangyuan Zhou
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jiexi Liao
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lingzhou Xue
- Department of Statistics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Qian Peter Su
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yuping Yuan
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hang Lu
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shaun P Jackson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, MERU-Roon Research Center on Vascular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
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36
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Ju L, Zhu C. Benchmarks of Biomembrane Force Probe Spring Constant Models. Biophys J 2019; 113:2842-2845. [PMID: 29262376 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lining Ju
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia; Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.
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37
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Wan Z, Shaheen S, Chau A, Zeng Y, Liu W. Imaging: Gear up for mechano-immunology. Cell Immunol 2019; 350:103926. [PMID: 31151736 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2019.103926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells including B and T lymphocytes have a remarkable ability to sense the physical perturbations through their surface expressed receptors. At the advent of modern imaging technologies paired with biophysical methods, we have gained the understanding of mechanical forces exerted by immune cells to perform their functions. This review will go over the imaging techniques already being used to study mechanical forces in immune cells. We will also discuss the dire need for new modern technologies for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengpeng Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samina Shaheen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Alicia Chau
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yingyue Zeng
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China.
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38
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Chen Y, Li Z, Ju LA. Tensile and compressive force regulation on cell mechanosensing. Biophys Rev 2019; 11:311-318. [PMID: 31073958 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-019-00536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor-mediated cell mechanosensing plays critical roles in cell spreading, migration, growth, and survival. Dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS) techniques have recently been advanced to visualize such processes, which allow the concurrent examination of molecular binding dynamics and cellular response to mechanical stimuli on single living cells. Notably, the live-cell DFS is able to manipulate the force "waveforms" such as tensile versus compressive, ramped versus clamped, static versus dynamic, and short versus long lasting forces, thereby deriving correlations of cellular responses with ligand binding kinetics and mechanical stimulation profiles. Here, by differentiating extracellular mechanical stimulations into two major categories, tensile force and compressive force, we review the latest findings on receptor-mediated mechanosensing mechanisms that are discovered by the state-of-the-art live-cell DFS technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, MERU-Roon Research Center on Vascular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia. .,School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, Darlington, Australia. .,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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39
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Zhang XF, Zhang W, Quach ME, Deng W, Li R. Force-Regulated Refolding of the Mechanosensory Domain in the Platelet Glycoprotein Ib-IX Complex. Biophys J 2019; 116:1960-1969. [PMID: 31030883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In platelets, the glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX receptor complex senses blood shear flow and transmits the mechanical signals into platelets. Recently, we have discovered a juxtamembrane mechanosensory domain (MSD) within the GPIbα subunit of GPIb-IX. Mechanical unfolding of the MSD activates GPIb-IX signaling into platelets, leading to their activation and clearance. Using optical tweezer-based single-molecule force measurement, we herein report a systematic biomechanical characterization of the MSD in its native, full-length receptor complex and a recombinant, unglycosylated MSD in isolation. The native MSD unfolds at a resting rate of 9 × 10-3 s-1. Upon exposure to pulling forces, MSD unfolding accelerates exponentially over a force scale of 2.0 pN. Importantly, the unfolded MSD can refold with or without applied forces. The unstressed refolding rate of MSD is ∼17 s-1 and slows exponentially over a force scale of 3.7 pN. Our measurements confirm that the MSD is relatively unstable, with a folding free energy of 7.5 kBT. Because MSD refolding may turn off GPIb-IX's mechanosensory signals, our results provide a mechanism for the requirement of a continuous pulling force of >15 pN to fully activate GPIb-IX.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Frank Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| | - M Edward Quach
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Wei Deng
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Renhao Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
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40
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Strange K, Yamada T, Denton JS. A 30-year journey from volume-regulated anion currents to molecular structure of the LRRC8 channel. J Gen Physiol 2019; 151:100-117. [PMID: 30651298 PMCID: PMC6363415 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201812138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Strange et al. review recent advances in our understanding of the molecular and structural basis of volume-regulated anion channel function within the framework of classical biophysical and physiological studies. The swelling-activated anion channel VRAC has fascinated and frustrated physiologists since it was first described in 1988. Multiple laboratories have defined VRAC’s biophysical properties and have shown that it plays a central role in cell volume regulation and possibly other fundamental physiological processes. However, confusion and intense controversy surrounding the channel’s molecular identity greatly hindered progress in the field for >15 yr. A major breakthrough came in 2014 with the demonstration that VRAC is a heteromeric channel encoded by five members of the Lrrc8 gene family, Lrrc8A–E. A mere 4 yr later, four laboratories described cryo-EM structures of LRRC8A homomeric channels. As the melee of structure/function and physiology studies begins, it is critical that this work be framed by a clear understanding of VRAC biophysics, regulation, and cellular physiology as well as by the field’s past confusion and controversies. That understanding is essential for the design and interpretation of structure/function studies, studies of VRAC physiology, and studies aimed at addressing the vexing problem of how the channel detects cell volume changes. In this review we discuss key aspects of VRAC biophysics, regulation, and function and integrate these into our emerging understanding of LRRC8 protein structure/function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Strange
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Novo Biosciences, Inc., Bar Harbor, ME
| | - Toshiki Yamada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Jerod S Denton
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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41
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Ju L. Dynamic Force Spectroscopy Analysis on the Redox States of Protein Disulphide Bonds. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1967:115-131. [PMID: 31069767 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9187-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An emerging concept in chemical biology is that protein function that can be regulated by the redox state of disulphide bonds. This chapter describes the dynamic force spectroscopy method for analyzing redox regulation of receptor-ligand interactions at the surface of living cells. The main method described in this chapter is the biomembrane force probe (BFP), in which an ultrasoft human red blood cell is used as an ultrasensitive mechanical force probe. The BFP uses a high-speed camera and real-time imaging tracking techniques to characterize a single molecular bond with ~1 pN (10-12 N), ~3 nm (10-9 m), and ~0.5 ms (10-3 s) in force, spatial, and temporal resolution. As a test bed model, we use the BFP to examine the autoregulation of von Willebrand factor function by a disulphide bond switch in its A2 domain. With the survival frequency analysis on measured bond lifetimes, we can identify distinct states of VWF binding kinetics and correlate with redox states of its A2 disulphide bond validated by mass spectrometry. The methodologies and analytical frameworks can be used to study other membrane receptor-ligand interactions under redox regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lining Ju
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. .,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. .,School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
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42
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Su QP, Ju LA. Biophysical nanotools for single-molecule dynamics. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:1349-1357. [PMID: 30121743 PMCID: PMC6233351 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0447-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus of the cell biology field is now shifting from characterizing cellular activities to organelle and molecular behaviors. This process accompanies the development of new biophysical visualization techniques that offer high spatial and temporal resolutions with ultra-sensitivity and low cell toxicity. They allow the biology research community to observe dynamic behaviors from scales of single molecules, organelles, cells to organoids, and even live animal tissues. In this review, we summarize these biophysical techniques into two major classes: the mechanical nanotools like dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS) and the optical nanotools like single-molecule and super-resolution microscopy. We also discuss their applications in elucidating molecular dynamics and functionally mapping of interactions between inter-cellular networks and intra-cellular components, which is key to understanding cellular processes such as adhesion, trafficking, inheritance, and division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Peter Su
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, 2007, Australia.
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- Charles Perkins Centre and Heart Research Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
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43
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LaCroix AS, Lynch AD, Berginski ME, Hoffman BD. Tunable molecular tension sensors reveal extension-based control of vinculin loading. eLife 2018; 7:33927. [PMID: 30024378 PMCID: PMC6053308 DOI: 10.7554/elife.33927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular tension sensors have contributed to a growing understanding of mechanobiology. However, the limited dynamic range and inability to specify the mechanical sensitivity of these sensors has hindered their widespread use in diverse contexts. Here, we systematically examine the components of tension sensors that can be altered to improve their functionality. Guided by the development of a first principles model describing the mechanical behavior of these sensors, we create a collection of sensors that exhibit predictable sensitivities and significantly improved performance in cellulo. Utilized in the context of vinculin mechanobiology, a trio of these new biosensors with distinct force- and extension-sensitivities reveal that an extension-based control paradigm regulates vinculin loading in a variety of mechanical contexts. To enable the rational design of molecular tension sensors appropriate for diverse applications, we predict the mechanical behavior, in terms of force and extension, of additional 1020 distinct designs. Cells must sense signals from their surroundings to play their roles within the body. These signals can be biochemical, such as growth-promoting substances, or mechanical, for example the stiffness or softness of the environment. Mechanical signals can be detected by load-bearing proteins, which stretch like tiny springs in response to forces. In animals, these proteins span the membrane separating the interior of the cell from the exterior. Externally, the proteins attach to structures around the cell; internally, they connect to the machinery that both generates forces and allows cells to respond to signals from outside. As such, load-bearing proteins form a direct mechanical link between cell and environment. Scientists use tools called molecular tension sensors to measure how much a load-bearing protein stretches in response to changes, and the force that is being applied to it. However, just like any other type of scale, these sensors only work over a certain range, which happens to be limited. This means that, for example, they cannot measure forces in tissues that are too soft (like the brain), or too stiff (such as bones). New sensors that can assess forces in these contexts are therefore needed, but so far research in this area has been slow due to a reliance on ‘trial-and-error’ approaches. Here, LaCroix et al. developed a new method to predict the sensitivity of molecular tension sensors inside cells. This was accomplished by examining several existing sensors, and identifying which components could be altered to change the properties of the sensors. Then, this information was used to create a computer model that could predict how new sensors would behave, and which range of forces they could measure. Finally, the sensors designed following this method were tested in mouse cells grown in the laboratory, and they worked better than their predecessors. The next step was for LaCroix et al. to use a trio of new sensors with different sensitivities to study the load-bearing protein vinculin in mouse cells. The goal was to figure out exactly how cells manage their load-bearing proteins. Indeed, it was widely assumed that a cell acts on a load-bearing protein by applying a force on it. In response, the protein would stretch by a certain amount, which can change depending on its properties – a ‘stiffer’ protein would stretch less. Unexpectedly, the new sensors showed that cells instead manipulate how much vinculin stretches, applying varying forces to achieve the same length of the protein in different environments. Improved molecular tension sensors will give scientists a better insight into how cells respond to their mechanical environment, which could help to direct cell behavior in tissues engineered in the laboratory. This knowledge is also directly relevant to human health, as the mechanical properties of many tissues change during disease, such as tumors stiffening during cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S LaCroix
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, United States
| | - Andrew D Lynch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, United States
| | - Matthew E Berginski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, United States
| | - Brenton D Hoffman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, United States
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44
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Passam F, Chiu J, Ju L, Pijning A, Jahan Z, Mor-Cohen R, Yeheskel A, Kolšek K, Thärichen L, Aponte-Santamaría C, Gräter F, Hogg PJ. Mechano-redox control of integrin de-adhesion. eLife 2018; 7:e34843. [PMID: 29932420 PMCID: PMC6054529 DOI: 10.7554/elife.34843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
How proteins harness mechanical force to control function is a significant biological question. Here we describe a human cell surface receptor that couples ligand binding and force to trigger a chemical event which controls the adhesive properties of the receptor. Our studies of the secreted platelet oxidoreductase, ERp5, have revealed that it mediates release of fibrinogen from activated platelet αIIbβ3 integrin. Protein chemical studies show that ligand binding to extended αIIbβ3 integrin renders the βI-domain Cys177-Cys184 disulfide bond cleavable by ERp5. Fluid shear and force spectroscopy assays indicate that disulfide cleavage is enhanced by mechanical force. Cell adhesion assays and molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that cleavage of the disulfide induces long-range allosteric effects within the βI-domain, mainly affecting the metal-binding sites, that results in release of fibrinogen. This coupling of ligand binding, force and redox events to control cell adhesion may be employed to regulate other protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joyce Chiu
- The Centenary InstituteNewtownAustralia
- National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Lining Ju
- Heart Research Institute and Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | | | | | - Ronit Mor-Cohen
- The Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Adva Yeheskel
- The Bioinformatics Unit, George S. Wise Faculty of Life ScienceTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Katra Kolšek
- Heidelberg Institute of Theoretical StudiesHeidelbergGermany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific ComputingHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Lena Thärichen
- Heidelberg Institute of Theoretical StudiesHeidelbergGermany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific ComputingHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Camilo Aponte-Santamaría
- Heidelberg Institute of Theoretical StudiesHeidelbergGermany
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Computational BiophysicsUniversity of Los AndesBogotáColombia
| | - Frauke Gräter
- Heidelberg Institute of Theoretical StudiesHeidelbergGermany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific ComputingHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Philip J Hogg
- The Centenary InstituteNewtownAustralia
- National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
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45
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14-3-3 proteins in platelet biology and glycoprotein Ib-IX signaling. Blood 2018; 131:2436-2448. [PMID: 29622550 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-09-742650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the 14-3-3 family of proteins function as adapters/modulators that recognize phosphoserine/phosphothreonine-based binding motifs in many intracellular proteins and play fundamental roles in signal transduction pathways of eukaryotic cells. In platelets, 14-3-3 plays a wide range of regulatory roles in phosphorylation-dependent signaling pathways, including G-protein signaling, cAMP signaling, agonist-induced phosphatidylserine exposure, and regulation of mitochondrial function. In particular, 14-3-3 interacts with several phosphoserine-dependent binding sites in the major platelet adhesion receptor, the glycoprotein Ib-IX complex (GPIb-IX), regulating its interaction with von Willebrand factor (VWF) and mediating VWF/GPIb-IX-dependent mechanosignal transduction, leading to platelet activation. The interaction of 14-3-3 with GPIb-IX also plays a critical role in enabling the platelet response to low concentrations of thrombin through cooperative signaling mediated by protease-activated receptors and GPIb-IX. The various functions of 14-3-3 in platelets suggest that it is a possible target for the treatment of thrombosis and inflammation.
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46
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Ju L, McFadyen JD, Al-Daher S, Alwis I, Chen Y, Tønnesen LL, Maiocchi S, Coulter B, Calkin AC, Felner EI, Cohen N, Yuan Y, Schoenwaelder SM, Cooper ME, Zhu C, Jackson SP. Compression force sensing regulates integrin α IIbβ 3 adhesive function on diabetic platelets. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1087. [PMID: 29540687 PMCID: PMC5852038 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03430-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with an exaggerated platelet thrombotic response at sites of vascular injury. Biomechanical forces regulate platelet activation, although the impact of diabetes on this process remains ill-defined. Using a biomembrane force probe (BFP), we demonstrate that compressive force activates integrin αIIbβ3 on discoid diabetic platelets, increasing its association rate with immobilized fibrinogen. This compressive force-induced integrin activation is calcium and PI 3-kinase dependent, resulting in enhanced integrin affinity maturation and exaggerated shear-dependent platelet adhesion. Analysis of discoid platelet aggregation in the mesenteric circulation of mice confirmed that diabetes leads to a marked enhancement in the formation and stability of discoid platelet aggregates, via a mechanism that is not inhibited by therapeutic doses of aspirin and clopidogrel, but is eliminated by PI 3-kinase inhibition. These studies demonstrate the existence of a compression force sensing mechanism linked to αIIbβ3 adhesive function that leads to a distinct prothrombotic phenotype in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lining Ju
- Heart Research Institute, Thrombosis Group, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Level 3E Cardiovascular Division, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - James D McFadyen
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Saheb Al-Daher
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Imala Alwis
- Heart Research Institute, Thrombosis Group, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Level 3E Cardiovascular Division, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Heart Research Institute, Thrombosis Group, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering; and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, 92037, CA, USA
| | - Lotte L Tønnesen
- Heart Research Institute, Thrombosis Group, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Level 3E Cardiovascular Division, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Sophie Maiocchi
- Heart Research Institute, Thrombosis Group, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Level 3E Cardiovascular Division, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Brianna Coulter
- Heart Research Institute, Thrombosis Group, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Level 3E Cardiovascular Division, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Anna C Calkin
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
- Lipid Metabolism and Cardiometabolic Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Eric I Felner
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Neale Cohen
- Clinical Diabetes, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Yuping Yuan
- Heart Research Institute, Thrombosis Group, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Level 3E Cardiovascular Division, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Simone M Schoenwaelder
- Heart Research Institute, Thrombosis Group, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Level 3E Cardiovascular Division, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Heart Research Institute, Thrombosis Group, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia.
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering; and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Shaun P Jackson
- Heart Research Institute, Thrombosis Group, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia.
- Charles Perkins Centre, Level 3E Cardiovascular Division, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia.
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, 92037, CA, USA.
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47
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Elosegui-Artola A, Trepat X, Roca-Cusachs P. Control of Mechanotransduction by Molecular Clutch Dynamics. Trends Cell Biol 2018; 28:356-367. [PMID: 29496292 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The linkage of cells to their microenvironment is mediated by a series of bonds that dynamically engage and disengage, in what has been conceptualized as the molecular clutch model. Whereas this model has long been employed to describe actin cytoskeleton and cell migration dynamics, it has recently been proposed to also explain mechanotransduction (i.e., the process by which cells convert mechanical signals from their environment into biochemical signals). Here we review the current understanding on how cell dynamics and mechanotransduction are driven by molecular clutch dynamics and its master regulator, the force loading rate. Throughout this Review, we place a specific emphasis on the quantitative prediction of cell response enabled by combined experimental and theoretical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Elosegui-Artola
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Xavier Trepat
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pere Roca-Cusachs
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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48
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Gauthier NC, Roca-Cusachs P. Mechanosensing at integrin-mediated cell–matrix adhesions: from molecular to integrated mechanisms. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2018; 50:20-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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49
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Butera D, Passam F, Ju L, Cook KM, Woon H, Aponte-Santamaría C, Gardiner E, Davis AK, Murphy DA, Bronowska A, Luken BM, Baldauf C, Jackson S, Andrews R, Gräter F, Hogg PJ. Autoregulation of von Willebrand factor function by a disulfide bond switch. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaaq1477. [PMID: 29507883 PMCID: PMC5834005 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaq1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Force-dependent binding of platelet glycoprotein Ib (GPIb) receptors to plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF) plays a key role in hemostasis and thrombosis. Previous studies have suggested that VWF activation requires force-induced exposure of the GPIb binding site in the A1 domain that is autoinhibited by the neighboring A2 domain. However, the biochemical basis of this "mechanopresentation" remains elusive. From a combination of protein chemical, biophysical, and functional studies, we find that the autoinhibition is controlled by the redox state of an unusual disulfide bond near the carboxyl terminus of the A2 domain that links adjacent cysteine residues to form an eight-membered ring. Only when the bond is cleaved does the A2 domain bind to the A1 domain and block platelet GPIb binding. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that cleavage of the disulfide bond modifies the structure and molecular stresses of the A2 domain in a long-range allosteric manner, which provides a structural explanation for redox control of the autoinhibition. Significantly, the A2 disulfide bond is cleaved in ~75% of VWF subunits in healthy human donor plasma but in just ~25% of plasma VWF subunits from heart failure patients who have received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. This suggests that the majority of plasma VWF binding sites for platelet GPIb are autoinhibited in healthy donors but are mostly available in heart failure patients. These findings demonstrate that a disulfide bond switch regulates mechanopresentation of VWF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Butera
- The Centenary Institute, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Freda Passam
- St George Clinical School, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lining Ju
- Heart Research Institute and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Heng Woon
- The Centenary Institute, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Camilo Aponte-Santamaría
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Schloß-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Gardiner
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Amanda K. Davis
- Haematology Unit, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Deirdre A. Murphy
- Intensive Care Unit, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Agnieszka Bronowska
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Schloß-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brenda M. Luken
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carsten Baldauf
- Fritz Haber Institute, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin-Dahlem, Germany
| | - Shaun Jackson
- Heart Research Institute and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert Andrews
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frauke Gräter
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Schloß-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philip J. Hogg
- The Centenary Institute, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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50
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Ju L, Chen Y, Li K, Yuan Z, Liu B, Jackson SP, Zhu C. Dual Biomembrane Force Probe enables single-cell mechanical analysis of signal crosstalk between multiple molecular species. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14185. [PMID: 29079742 PMCID: PMC5660210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13793-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional approaches for studying receptor-mediated cell signaling, such as the western blot and flow cytometry, are limited in three aspects: 1) The perturbing preparation procedures often alter the molecules from their native state on the cell; 2) Long processing time before the final readout makes it difficult to capture transient signaling events (<1 min); 3) The experimental environments are force-free, therefore unable to visualize mechanical signals in real time. In contrast to these methods in biochemistry and cell biology that are usually population-averaged and non-real-time, here we introduce a novel single-cell based nanotool termed dual biomembrane force probe (dBFP). The dBFP provides precise controls and quantitative readouts in both mechanical and chemical terms, which is particularly suited for juxtacrine signaling and mechanosensing studies. Specifically, the dBFP allows us to analyze dual receptor crosstalk by quantifying the spatiotemporal requirements and functional consequences of the up- and down-stream signaling events. In this work, the utility and power of the dBFP has been demonstrated in four important dual receptor systems that play key roles in immunological synapse formation, shear-dependent thrombus formation, and agonist-driven blood clotting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lining Ju
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, United States.
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, USA.
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, 2050, NSW, Australia.
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2006, NSW, Australia.
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, USA
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, MERU-Roon Research Center on Vascular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, 92037, CA, USA
| | - Kaitao Li
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, United States
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, USA
| | - Zhou Yuan
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, USA
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, USA
| | - Baoyu Liu
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, United States
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, USA
| | - Shaun P Jackson
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, 2050, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2006, NSW, Australia
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, United States.
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, USA.
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, USA.
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