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Chen Y, Yu M, Chen L, Mao J, Wang W, Yang Z, Cao Z, Liu Y, Wei M, Zhang L, Li Z. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of first-in-class FABP1 inhibitors for the treatment of NASH. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116358. [PMID: 38574638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1) is a fatty acid transporter protein that is considered as an emerging target for metabolic diseases. Despite forceful evidence that the inhibition of FABP1 is essential for ameliorating NASH, pharmacological control and validation of FABP1 are hindered by a lack of relevant inhibitors as pharmacological tool. Therefore, the development of effective FABP1 inhibitors is a current focus of research. Herein, we firstly reported the comprehensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of novel FABP1 inhibitors derived from high throughput screening of our in-house library, which resulting in the identification of the optimal compound 44 (IC50 = 4.46 ± 0.54 μM). Molecular docking studies revealed that 44 forms stable hydrogen bonds with amino acids around the active pocket of FABP1. Moreover, 44 alleviated the typical histological features of fatty liver in NASH mice, including steatosis, lobular inflammation, ballooning and fibrosis. Additionally, 44 has been demonstrated to have lipid metabolism regulating, anti-oxidative stress and hepatoprotective properties. This study might be provided a promising insight into the field of NASH and inspiration for the development of FABP1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Mingyang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Lianru Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jianming Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhongcheng Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhijun Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yuxia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Min Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Luyong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Zheng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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Yang Y, Ye Y, Deng Y, Gao L. Uridine and its role in metabolic diseases, tumors, and neurodegenerative diseases. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1360891. [PMID: 38487261 PMCID: PMC10937367 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1360891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Uridine is a pyrimidine nucleoside found in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid with a concentration higher than the other nucleosides. As a simple metabolite, uridine plays a pivotal role in various biological processes. In addition to nucleic acid synthesis, uridine is critical to glycogen synthesis through the formation of uridine diphosphate glucose in which promotes the production of UDP-GlcNAc in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and supplies UDP-GlcNAc for O-GlcNAcylation. This process can regulate protein modification and affect its function. Moreover, Uridine has an effect on body temperature and circadian rhythms, which can regulate the metabolic rate and the expression of metabolic genes. Abnormal levels of blood uridine have been found in people with diabetes and obesity, suggesting a link of uridine dysregulation and metabolic disorders. At present, the role of uridine in glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism is controversial, and the mechanism is not clear, but it shows the trend of long-term damage and short-term benefit. Therefore, maintaining uridine homeostasis is essential for maintaining basic functions and normal metabolism. This article summarizes the latest findings about the metabolic effects of uridine and the potential of uridine metabolism as therapeutic target in treatment of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyuan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahong Ye
- Department of Internal Medicine, QuanZhou Women’s and Children’s Hospital, QuanZhou, China
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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You H, Wen X, Wang X, Zhu C, Chen H, Bu L, Zhang J, Qu S. Derlin-1 ameliorates nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis by promoting ubiquitylation and degradation of FABP1. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 207:260-271. [PMID: 37499886 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The functions of liver fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1) in the regulation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been previously established. However, how FABP1 expression is dynamically regulated in metabolic disorders is unclear. Previous studies have reported that ubiquitin proteasome-mediated degradation of FABP1 is involved, but the mechanism remains unknown. METHODS Dysregulated expression of hepatic FABP1 and Derlin-1 was observed in NAFLD patients. We performed mice hepatic tissue coimmunoprecipitation based mass spectrum assays. Interaction between Derlin-1 and FABP1, and its impact on FABP1 ubiquitination status was evaluated by coimmunoprecipitation. The role of Derlin-1 in lipid deposition was tested using adenovirus-mediated overexpression in C57BL/6 mice, as well as by Derlin-1 overexpression or knockdown in HepG2 cells. RESULTS As a subunit of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation complex, Derlin-1 was negatively associated with NAFLD patients, interacted with and ubiquitinated FABP1. Derlin-1 suppressed FABP1 levels and inhibited lipid deposition through a FABP1-dependent pathway. Additionally, Trim25, an E3 ubiquitin ligase present in the endoplasmic reticulum, was recruited to promote Derlin-1-related polyubiquitylation of FABP1, thereby creating a ubiquitin-associated network for FABP1 regulation. Derlin-1 overexpression ameliorated hepatic steatosis in both C57BL/6 mice and HepG2 cells, and contributed to attenuated weight gain, lower liver weight, and visceral fat mass. CONCLUSIONS FABP1 was degraded by Derlin-1 through ubiquitin modification. Negative regulation of FABP1 by Derlin-1 overexpression, suppressed lipid metabolism and alleviated lipid deposition in vivo and in vitro. Hence, Derlin-1 activation in hepatocytes may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui You
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China; Shanghai Center of Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Xin Wen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Xingchun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China; Shanghai Center of Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Cuiling Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Haibing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Le Bu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, 200072, PR China.
| | - Shen Qu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China; Shanghai Center of Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China.
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Muthusamy G, Liu CC, Johnston AN. Deletion of PGAM5 Downregulates FABP1 and Attenuates Long-Chain Fatty Acid Uptake in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4796. [PMID: 37835490 PMCID: PMC10571733 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5) is a Ser/His/Thr phosphatase responsible for regulating mitochondrial homeostasis. Overexpression of PGAM5 is correlated with a poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma, colon cancer, and melanoma. In hepatocellular carcinoma, silencing of PGAM5 reduces growth, which has been attributed to decreased mitophagy and enhanced apoptosis. Yet in colon cancer, PGAM5's pro-tumor survival effect is correlated to lipid metabolism. We sought to identify whether deletion of PGAM5 modulated lipid droplet accrual in hepatocellular carcinoma. HepG2 and Huh7 PGAM5 knockout cell lines generated using CRISPR/Cas9 technology were used to measure cell growth, cellular ATP, and long-chain fatty acid uptake. Expression of hepatocellular fatty acid transporters, cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), solute carrier family 27 member 2 (SLC27A2), solute carrier family 27 member 5 (SLC27A5), and fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1) was measured by quantitative PCR and Western blot. We found that deletion of PGAM5 attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth and ATP production. Further, PGAM5 knockout ameliorates palmitate-induced steatosis and reduces expression of FABP1 in HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines. PGAM5's role in hepatocellular carcinoma includes regulation of fatty acid metabolism, which may be related to expression of the fatty acid transporter, FABP1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea N. Johnston
- Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (G.M.); (C.-C.L.)
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Petrovic A, Igrec D, Rozac K, Bojanic K, Kuna L, Kolaric TO, Mihaljevic V, Sikora R, Smolic R, Glasnovic M, Wu GY, Smolic M. The Role of GLP1-RAs in Direct Modulation of Lipid Metabolism in Hepatic Tissue as Determined Using In Vitro Models of NAFLD. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4544-4556. [PMID: 37367037 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been shown to improve glucose and lipid homeostasis, promote weight loss, and reduce cardiovascular risk factors. They are a promising therapeutic option for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common liver disease, associated with T2DM, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. GLP-1RAs have been approved for the treatment of T2DM and obesity, but not for NAFLD. Most recent clinical trials have suggested the importance of early pharmacologic intervention with GLP-1RAs in alleviating and limiting NAFLD, as well as highlighting the relative scarcity of in vitro studies on semaglutide, indicating the need for further research. However, extra-hepatic factors contribute to the GLP-1RA results of in vivo studies. Cell culture models of NAFLD can be helpful in eliminating extrahepatic effects on the alleviation of hepatic steatosis, modulation of lipid metabolism pathways, reduction of inflammation, and prevention of the progression of NAFLD to severe hepatic conditions. In this review article, we discuss the role of GLP-1 and GLP-1RA in the treatment of NAFLD using human hepatocyte models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Petrovic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dunja Igrec
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Karla Rozac
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Kristina Bojanic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Health Center Osijek-Baranja County, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lucija Kuna
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Tea Omanovic Kolaric
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vjera Mihaljevic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Renata Sikora
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Health Center Osijek-Baranja County, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Robert Smolic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Glasnovic
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - George Y Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastrenterology/Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Martina Smolic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Jimenez-Rondan FR, Ruggiero CH, McKinley KL, Koh J, Roberts JF, Triplett EW, Cousins RJ. Enterocyte-specific deletion of metal transporter Zip14 (Slc39a14) alters intestinal homeostasis through epigenetic mechanisms. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2023; 324:G159-G176. [PMID: 36537699 PMCID: PMC9925170 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00244.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Zinc has anti-inflammatory properties using mechanisms that are unclear. Zip14 (Slc39a14) is a zinc transporter induced by proinflammatory stimuli and is highly expressed at the basolateral membrane of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Enterocyte-specific Zip14 ablation (Zip14ΔIEC) in mice was developed to study the functions of this transporter in enterocytes. This gene deletion led to increased intestinal permeability, increased IL-6 and IFNγ expression, mild endotoxemia, and intestinal dysbiosis. RNA sequencing was used for transcriptome profiling. These analyses revealed differential expression of specific intestinal proinflammatory and tight junction (TJ) genes. Binding of transcription factors, including NF-κβ, STAT3, and CDX2, to appropriate promoter sites of these genes supports the differential expression shown with chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Total histone deacetylase (HDAC), and specifically HDAC3, activities were markedly reduced with Zip14 ablation. Intestinal organoids derived from ΔIEC mice display TJ and cytokine gene dysregulation compared with control mice. Differential expression of specific genes was reversed with zinc supplementation of the organoids. We conclude that zinc-dependent HDAC enzymes acquire zinc ions via Zip14-mediated transport and that intestinal integrity is controlled in part through epigenetic modifications.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We show that enterocyte-specific ablation of zinc transporter Zip14 (Slc39a14) results in selective dysbiosis and differential expression of tight junction proteins, claudin 1 and 2, and specific cytokines associated with intestinal inflammation. HDAC activity and zinc uptake are reduced with Zip14 ablation. Using intestinal organoids, the expression defects of claudin 1 and 2 are resolved through zinc supplementation. These novel results suggest that zinc, an essential micronutrient, influences gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix R Jimenez-Rondan
- Center for Nutritional Sciences and Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Courtney H Ruggiero
- Center for Nutritional Sciences and Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kelley Lobean McKinley
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jin Koh
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - John F Roberts
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Eric W Triplett
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Robert J Cousins
- Center for Nutritional Sciences and Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Sun X, Yu Q, Kang B, Zhao X, Li H, Liu H, Liu L, Wang P, Cong M, Liu T. Diethyldithiocarbamate inhibits the activation of hepatic stellate cells via PPARα/FABP1 in mice with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 641:192-9. [PMID: 36535078 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is the main course of liver fibrosis which is positively correlated with adverse clinical outcomes in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) attenuates NASH related liver fibrosis in mice, but its underlying mechanisms remains unclear. In this study, the data showed that DDC inhibited the activation of HSCs in high fat choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet induced NASH. Double Immunofluorescence analysis showed that the baseline expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is high in HSCs in normal mouse liver and notably decreases in the NASH liver, indicating that PPARα might be associated with the activation of HSCs. While, DDC upregulated PPARα in HSCs in the NASH liver. Mixture of free fatty acid was used to induce steatosis of hepatocytes. Human HSCs (LX-2 cells) were activated after co-cultured with steatotic hepatocytes, and DDC inhibited the activation of LX-2 cells. Meanwhile, DDC upregulated PPARα and FABP1, and promoted the accumulation of LDs in LX-2 cells. PPARα small interfering RNA blocked these effect of DDC. These findings suggest that PPARα is associated with the activation of HSCs in the context of NASH. DDC improves NASH related fibrosis through inhibiting the activation of HSCs via PPARα/FABP1.
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Zhao L, Chu XH, Liu S, Li R, Zhu YF, Li FN, Jiang J, Zhou JC, Lei XG, Sun LH. Selenium-Enriched Cardamine violifolia Increases Selenium and Decreases Cholesterol Concentrations in Liver and Pectoral Muscle of Broilers. J Nutr 2022; 152:2072-2079. [PMID: 35728044 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supernutrition of selenium (Se) in an effort to produce Se-enriched meat may inadvertently cause lipid accumulation. Se-enriched Cardamine violifolia (SeCv) contains >80% of Se in organic forms. OBJECTIVES This study was to determine whether feeding chickens a high dose of SeCv could produce Se-biofortified muscle without altering their lipid metabolism. METHODS Day-old male broilers were allocated to 4 groups (6 cages/group and 6 chicks/cage) and were fed either a corn-soy base diet (BD, 0.13-0.15 mg Se/kg), the BD plus 0.5 mg Se/kg as sodium selenite (SeNa) or as SeCv, or the BD plus a low-Se Cardamine violifolia (Cv, 0.20-0.21mg Se/kg). At week 6, concentrations of Se and lipid and expression of selenoprotein and lipid metabolism-related genes were determined in the pectoral muscle and liver. RESULTS The 4 diets showed no effects on growth performance of broilers. Compared with the other 3 diets, SeCv elevated (P < 0.05) Se concentrations in the pectoral muscle and liver by 14.4-127% and decreased (P < 0.05) total cholesterol concentrations by 12.5-46.7% and/or triglyceride concentrations by 28.8-31.1% in the pectoral muscle and/or liver, respectively. Meanwhile, SeCv enhanced (P < 0.05) muscular α-linolenic acid (80.0%) and hepatic arachidonic acid (58.3%) concentrations compared with SeNa and BD, respectively. SeCv downregulated (P < 0.05) the cholesterol and triglyceride synthesis-related proteins (sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2 and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2) and upregulated (P < 0.05) hydrolysis and β-oxidation of fatty acid-related proteins (lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid binding protein 1, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A), as well as selenoprotein P1 and thioredoxin reductase activity in the pectoral muscle and/or liver compared with SeNa. CONCLUSIONS Compared with SeNa, SeCv effectively raised Se and reduced lipids in the liver and muscle of broilers. The effect was mediated through the regulation of the cholesterol and triglyceride biosynthesis and utilization-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Han Chu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rong Li
- Enshi Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yun-Fen Zhu
- Enshi Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, China
| | - Feng-Na Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ji-Chang Zhou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Lv-Hui Sun
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Xue M, Yao T, Xue M, Francis F, Qin Y, Jia M, Li J, Gu X. Mechanism Analysis of Metabolic Fatty Liver on Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) Based on Integrated Lipidomics and Proteomics. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080759. [PMID: 36005631 PMCID: PMC9415018 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic fatty liver disease caused by high-starch diet restricted the intensive and sustainable development of carnivorous fish such as largemouth bass. In this study, the combination liver proteomic and lipidomic approach was employed to investigate the key signaling pathways and identify the critical biomarkers of fatty liver in largemouth bass. Joint analysis of the correlated differential proteins and lipids revealed nine common metabolic pathways; it was determined that FABP1 were significantly up-regulated in terms of transporting more triglycerides into the liver, while ABCA1 and VDAC1 proteins were significantly down-regulated in terms of preventing the transport of lipids and cholesterol out of the liver, leading to triglyceride accumulation in hepatocyte, eventually resulting in metabolic fatty liver disease. The results indicate that FABP1, ABCA1 and VDAC1 could be potential biomarkers for treating metabolic fatty liver disease of largemouth bass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyong Xue
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
- Functional & Evolutionary Entomology, Agro-Bio-Tech Gembloux, University of Liege, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ting Yao
- Beijing Institute of Feed Control, Beijing 110108, China
| | - Min Xue
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Frédéric Francis
- Functional & Evolutionary Entomology, Agro-Bio-Tech Gembloux, University of Liege, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yuchang Qin
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ming Jia
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Junguo Li
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xu Gu
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence:
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Omanovic Kolaric T, Kizivat T, Mihaljevic V, Zjalic M, Bilic-Curcic I, Kuna L, Smolic R, Vcev A, Wu GY, Smolic M. Liraglutide Exerts Protective Effects by Downregulation of PPARγ, ACSL1 and SREBP-1c in Huh7 Cell Culture Models of Non-Alcoholic Steatosis and Drug-Induced Steatosis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:3465-80. [PMID: 36005135 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44080239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: With the aging of the population and polypharmacy encountered in the elderly, drug-induced steatosis (DIS) has become frequent cause of non-alcoholic steatosis (NAS). Indeed, NAS and DIS may co-exist, making the ability to distinguish between the entities ever more important. The aim of our study was to study cell culture models of NAS and DIS and determine the effects of liraglutide (LIRA) in those models. (2) Methods: Huh7 cells were treated with oleic acid (OA), or amiodarone (AMD) to establish models of NAS and DIS, respectively. Cells were treated with LIRA and cell viability was assessed by MTT, lipid accumulation by Oil-Red-O staining and triglyceride assay, and intracellular signals involved in hepatosteatosis were quantitated by RT-PCR. (3) Results: After exposure to various OA and AMD concentrations, those that achieved 80% of cells viabilities were used in further experiments to establish NAS and DIS models using 0.5 mM OA and 20 µM AMD, respectively. In both models, LIRA increased cell viability (p < 0.01). Lipid accumulation was increased in both models, with microsteatotic pattern in DIS, and macrosteatotic pattern in NAS which corresponds to greater triglyceride accumulation in latter. LIRA ameliorated these changes (p < 0.001), and downregulated expression of lipogenic ACSL1, PPARγ, and SREBP-1c pathways in the liver (p < 0.01) (4) Conclusions: LIRA ameliorates hepatocyte steatosis in Huh7 cell culture models of NAS and DIS.
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11
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Sblano S, Cerchia C, Laghezza A, Piemontese L, Brunetti L, Leuci R, Gilardi F, Thomas A, Genovese M, Santi A, Tortorella P, Paoli P, Lavecchia A, Loiodice F. A chemoinformatics search for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors ligands revealed a new pan-agonist able to reduce lipid accumulation and improve insulin sensitivity. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 235:114240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Miguel FM, Picada JN, da Silva JB, Schemitt EG, Colares JR, Hartmann RM, Marroni CA, Marroni NP. Melatonin Attenuates Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and DNA Damage in Mice with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Induced by a Methionine- and Choline-Deficient Diet. Inflammation 2022; 45:1968-1984. [PMID: 35419738 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01667-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a disease with a high incidence worldwide, but its diagnosis and treatment are poorly managed. In this study, NASH pathophysiology and DNA damage biomarkers were investigated in mice with NASH treated and untreated with melatonin (MLT). C57BL/6 mice were fed a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet for 4 weeks to develop NASH. Melatonin was administered at 20 mg/kg during the last 2 weeks. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured, and hepatic tissue was dissected for histological analysis, evaluation of lipoperoxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as nuclear factor-erythroid 2 (Nrf2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) expression by immunohistochemistry. DNA damage was evaluated using Comet assay, while a micronucleus test in bone marrow was performed to assess the genomic instability associated with the disease. Melatonin decreased AST and ALT, liver inflammatory processes, balloonization, and fibrosis in mice with NASH, decreasing TNF-α, iNOS, and TGF-β, as well as oxidative stress, shown by reducing lipoperoxidation and intensifying Nrf2 expression. The SOD and GPx activities were increased, while CAT was decreased by treatment with MLT. Although the micronucleus frequency was not increased in mice with NASH, a protective effect on DNA was observed with MLT treatment in blood and liver tissues using Comet assay. As conclusions, MLT slows down the progression of NASH, reducing hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory processes, inhibiting DNA damage via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Moraes Miguel
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied To Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Avenida Farroupilha, 8001, CEP 92425900, Canoas, RS, Brazil.,Experimental Laboratory of Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, CEP 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Nascimento Picada
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied To Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Avenida Farroupilha, 8001, CEP 92425900, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Bondan da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied To Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Avenida Farroupilha, 8001, CEP 92425900, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizângela Gonçalves Schemitt
- Experimental Laboratory of Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, CEP 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Josieli Raskopf Colares
- Experimental Laboratory of Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, CEP 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Minuzzo Hartmann
- Experimental Laboratory of Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, CEP 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Augusto Marroni
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Postgraduate Program - Hepatology, Federal University of Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, CEP 90050170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Norma Possa Marroni
- Experimental Laboratory of Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, CEP 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, RS, CEP 90050170, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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13
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Khalifa O, Al-Akl NS, Errafii K, Arredouani A. Exendin-4 alleviates steatosis in an in vitro cell model by lowering FABP1 and FOXA1 expression via the Wnt/-catenin signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2226. [PMID: 35140289 PMCID: PMC8828858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading chronic liver disease worldwide. Agonists of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), currently approved to treat type 2 diabetes, hold promise to improve steatosis and even steatohepatitis. However, due to their pleiotropic effects, the mechanisms underlying their protective effect on NAFLD remain elusive. We aimed to investigate these mechanisms using an in vitro model of steatosis treated with the GLP-1R agonist Exendin-4 (Ex-4). We established steatotic HepG2 cells by incubating the cells with 400 µM oleic acid (OA) overnight. Further treatment with 200 nM Ex-4 for 3 h significantly reduced the OA-induced lipid accumulation (p < 0.05). Concomitantly, Ex-4 substantially reduced the expression levels of Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 1 (FABP1) and its primary activator, Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1). Interestingly, the silencing of β-catenin with siRNA abolished the effect of Ex-4 on these genes, suggesting dependency on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Additionally, after β-catenin silencing, OA treatment significantly increased the expression of nuclear transcription factors SREBP-1 and TCF4, whereas Ex-4 significantly decreased this upregulation. Our findings suggest that direct activation of GLP-1R by Ex-4 reduces OA-induced steatosis in HepG2 cells by reducing fatty acid uptake and transport via FABP1 downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Khalifa
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, PO Box: 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Neyla S Al-Akl
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, PO Box: 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khaoula Errafii
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, PO Box: 34110, Doha, Qatar.,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelilah Arredouani
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, PO Box: 34110, Doha, Qatar. .,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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14
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Juárez-Fernández M, Porras D, Petrov P, Román-Sagüillo S, García-Mediavilla MV, Soluyanova P, Martínez-Flórez S, González-Gallego J, Nistal E, Jover R, Sánchez-Campos S. The Synbiotic Combination of Akkermansia muciniphila and Quercetin Ameliorates Early Obesity and NAFLD through Gut Microbiota Reshaping and Bile Acid Metabolism Modulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:2001. [PMID: 34943104 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10122001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays a key role in obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), so synbiotics could be a therapeutic alternative. We aim to evaluate a nutritional intervention together with the administration of the bacteria Akkermansia muciniphila and the antioxidant quercetin in an in vivo model of early obesity and NAFLD. 21-day-old rats were fed with control or high-fat diet for six weeks. Then, all animals received control diet supplemented with/without quercetin and/or A. muciniphila for three weeks. Gut microbiota, NAFLD-related parameters, circulating bile acids (BAs) and liver gene expression were analyzed. The colonization with A. muciniphila was associated with less body fat, while synbiotic treatment caused a steatosis remission, linked to hepatic lipogenesis modulation. The synbiotic promoted higher abundance of Cyanobacteria and Oscillospira, and lower levels of Actinobacteria, Lactococcus, Lactobacillus and Roseburia. Moreover, it favored elevated unconjugated hydrophilic BAs plasma levels and enhanced hepatic expression of BA synthesis and transport genes. A. muciniphila correlated with circulating BAs and liver lipid and BA metabolism genes, suggesting a role of this bacterium in BA signaling. Beneficial effects of A. muciniphila and quercetin combination are driven by gut microbiota modulation, the shift in BAs and the gut-liver bile flow enhancement.
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15
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Heintze T, Wilhelm D, Schmidlin T, Hofmann U, Zanger UM, Schwab M, Klein K. Effects of Diminished NADPH:cytochrome P450 Reductase in Human Hepatocytes on Lipid and Bile Acid Homeostasis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:769703. [PMID: 34867397 PMCID: PMC8634102 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.769703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
NADPH:cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR) is the obligate electron donor for microsomal cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of endogenous substances like bile acids and other steroids as well as in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. P450 oxidoreductase also supports other redox enzymes in fatty acid and cholesterol pathways. Recently, we have established CRISPR/Cas9-mediated POR knockdown in a human hepatic cell model, HepaRG, and demonstrated the differential effects of limited POR expression on CYP activity. The aim of the present work was to systematically investigate the impact of POR knockdown with a focus on the expression of ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) genes and related regulators. Functional consequences have been assessed using quantitative mass spectrometry for targeted metabolomics covering bile acids, and cholesterol and its precursors, and for untargeted proteomics. In addition to the previously described alteration of RNA expression of CYP genes, we showed significant downregulation of transcriptional regulators of drug metabolism and transport, including NR1I3 (CAR), NR1I2 (PXR), NR1H4 (FXR), and NR1H3 (LXRα) in cells with POR gene disruption. Furthermore, POR knockdown resulted in deregulated bile acid and cholesterol biosynthesis demonstrated by low levels of cholic acid derivates and increased concentrations of chenodeoxycholic acid derivates, respectively. Systemic effects of POR knockdown on global protein expression were indicated by downregulation of several metabolic pathways including lipid metabolism and biological oxidation reactions. The deduced protein network map corroborates CYP enzymes as direct interaction partners, whereas changes in lipid metabolism and homeostasis are the result of indirect effects. In summary, our results emphasize a widespread role of POR in various metabolic pathways and provide the first human data on the effects of diminished POR expression on drug and endogenous metabolism in a genomeedited HepaRG cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Heintze
- Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Denise Wilhelm
- Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thierry Schmidlin
- Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ute Hofmann
- Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich M Zanger
- Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwab
- Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence IFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Klein
- Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
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16
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Tu C, Xu Z, Tian L, Yu Z, Wang T, Guo Z, Zhang J, Wang T. Multi-Omics Integration to Reveal the Mechanism of Hepatotoxicity Induced by Dictamnine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:700120. [PMID: 34595163 PMCID: PMC8476863 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.700120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Herb-induced liver injury (HILI) has become a great concern worldwide due to the widespread usage of herbal products. Among these products is Dictamni Cortex (DC), a well-known Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), widely used to treat chronic dermatosis. Dictamni Cortex has drawn increasing attention because of its hepatotoxicity caused by the hepatotoxic component, dictamnine. However, the potential hepatotoxicity mechanism of dictamnine remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to use the multi-omics approach (transcriptomic, metabolomic, and proteomic analyses) to identify genes, metabolites, and proteins expressions associated with dictamnine-induced hepatotoxicity. A study on mice revealed that a high dose of dictamnine significantly increases serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, total bilirubin (TBIL), and direct bilirubin (DBIL) levels, the relative liver weight and liver/brain weight ratio in female mice (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), compared to the normal control group. Liver histologic analysis further revealed a high dose of dictamnine on female mice caused hepatocyte vesicular steatosis characterized by hepatocyte microvesicles around the liver lobules. The expressed genes, proteins, and metabolites exhibited strong associations with lipid metabolism disorder and oxidative stress. Dictamnine caused increased oxidative stress and early hepatic apoptosis via up-regulation of glutathione S transferase a1 (GSTA1) and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and down-regulation of the antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx-1). Besides, the up-regulation of Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) and down-regulation of acetyl-coa acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) and fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP-1) proteins were linked to lipid metabolism disorder. In summary, dictamnine induces dose-dependent hepatotoxicity in mice, which impairs lipid metabolism and aggravates oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Tu
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Xu
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lichun Tian
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zihui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Genomics and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Tieshang Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaojuan Guo
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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17
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Zhang L, Liu T, Hu C, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Shi K. Proteome analysis identified proteins associated with mitochondrial function and inflammation activation crucially regulating the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:640. [PMID: 34481473 PMCID: PMC8418032 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07950-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fatty liver disease prevalently occurs in commercial postpartum dairies, resulting in a worldwide high culling rate because of their subsequent limitations of production and reproduction performance. Results Fatty liver-specific proteome and acetylome analysis revealed that energy metabolism suppression closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation activation were shown to be remarkable biological processes underlying the development of fatty liver disease, furthermore, acetylation modification of proteins could be one of the main means to modulate these processes. Twenty pivotal genetic factors/genes that differentially expressing and being acetylation modified in liver were identified and proposed to regulate the pathogenesis of fatty liver dairies. These proteins were confirmed to be differentially expressing in individual liver tissue, eight of which being validated via immunohistochemistry assay. Conclusions This study provided a comprehensive proteome and acetylome profile of fatty liver of dairy cows, and revealed potential important biological processes and essential regulators in the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease. Expectantly, understanding the molecular mechanisms of the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease in dairies, as an animal model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in human beings, which is a clinico-pathologically defined process associated with metabolic syndrome, could inspire and facilitate the development of efficacious therapeutic drugs on NAFLD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07950-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letian Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingjun Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhang Hu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Kerong Shi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Pan G, Diamanti K, Cavalli M, Lara Gutiérrez A, Komorowski J, Wadelius C. Multifaceted regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism by YY1. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/7/e202000928. [PMID: 34099540 PMCID: PMC8200296 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study shows that YY1 regulates hepatic lipid metabolism by directly or indirectly regulating the expression of several key upstream transcription factors and their coactivators. Recent studies suggested that dysregulated YY1 plays a pivotal role in many liver diseases. To obtain a detailed view of genes and pathways regulated by YY1 in the liver, we carried out RNA sequencing in HepG2 cells after YY1 knockdown. A rigid set of 2,081 differentially expressed genes was identified by comparing the YY1-knockdown samples (n = 8) with the control samples (n = 14). YY1 knockdown significantly decreased the expression of several key transcription factors and their coactivators in lipid metabolism. This is illustrated by YY1 regulating PPARA expression through binding to its promoter and enhancer regions. Our study further suggest that down-regulation of the key transcription factors together with YY1 knockdown significantly decreased the cooperation between YY1 and these transcription factors at various regulatory regions, which are important in regulating the expression of genes in hepatic lipid metabolism. This was supported by the finding that the expression of SCD and ELOVL6, encoding key enzymes in lipogenesis, were regulated by the cooperation between YY1 and PPARA/RXRA complex over their promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Pan
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Klev Diamanti
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marco Cavalli
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ariadna Lara Gutiérrez
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Komorowski
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study, Uppsala, Sweden.,Institute of Computer Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.,Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Claes Wadelius
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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19
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dos Santos Madeira MSM, Lopes PAAB, Martins CF, Assunção JMP, Alfaia CMRPM, Pinto RMA, Prates JAM. Dietary Arthrospira platensis improves systemic antioxidant potential and changes plasma lipids without affecting related hepatic metabolic pathways in post-weaned piglets. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:158. [PMID: 33849543 PMCID: PMC8045302 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02869-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability of a high level of dietary Arthrospira platensis, individually or in combination with two exogenous carbohydrate-degrading enzymes (lysozyme and Rovabio®), to improve systemic antioxidant potential and hepatic lipid metabolism was tested in piglets. Forty male post-weaned piglets, sons of Large White × Landrace sows crossed with Pietrain boars, were allocated into 4 groups (n = 10) and fed during 28 days one of the following diets: 1) a control basal diet (cereal and soybean meal); 2) a basal diet with 10% of A. platensis (AP); 3) the AP diet supplemented with 0.005% of Rovabio® (AP + R); 4) the AP diet supplemented with 0.01% of lysozyme (AP + L). RESULTS Arthrospira platensis decreased BW gain of piglets, regardless the addition of feed enzymes. The majority of plasma metabolites were affected by diets. A. platensis increased total lipids, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, without changing hepatic fatty acid content or modulating, in an expressive manner, the transcriptional profile of lipid sensitive mediators. The antioxidant potential in general, and total carotenoids in particular, were improved by the microalga, regardless lysozyme or Rovabio®. CONCLUSIONS Summing up, A. platensis, individually and combined with feed enzymes, impacts negatively on piglets' growth but improves the systemic antioxidant potential and changes plasma lipids with a minor modulation on related hepatic metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sofia Morgado dos Santos Madeira
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Alexandra Antunes Brás Lopes
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cátia Falcão Martins
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Miguel Pestana Assunção
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Maria Riscado Pereira Mateus Alfaia
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Manuel Amaro Pinto
- iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José António Mestre Prates
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
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García-Roche M, Cañibe G, Casal A, Mattiauda DA, Ceriani M, Jasinsky A, Cassina A, Quijano C, Carriquiry M. Glucose and Fatty Acid Metabolism of Dairy Cows in a Total Mixed Ration or Pasture-Based System During Lactation. Front Anim Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2021.622500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we explored mechanisms related to glucose and fatty acid metabolism in Holstein–Friesian multiparous dairy cows during lactation under two feeding strategies. From 0 to 180 days postpartum, cows were fed total mixed ration (TMR) ad libitum (non-grazing group, G0) or grazed Festuca arundinacea or Medicago sativa and were supplemented with 5.4 kg DM/d of an energy-protein concentrate (grazing group, G1). From 180 to 250 days postpartum, all cows grazed F. arundinacea and were supplemented with TMR. Plasma samples and liver biopsies were collected at −14, 35, 60, 110, 180, and 250 days in milk (DIM) for metabolite, hormone, gene expression, and western blot analysis. Our results showed increased levels of negative energy balance markers: plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), liver triglyceride and plasma β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) (P < 0.01), triglyceride and β-hydroxybutyrate concentration were especially elevated for G1 cows. Also, hepatic mRNA expression of gluconeogenic enzymes was upregulated during early lactation (P < 0.05). In particular, methymalonyl-CoA mutase expression was increased for G0 cows (P < 0.05) while pyruvate carboxylase (PC) expression was increased for G1 cows (P < 0.05), suggesting differential gluconeogenic precursors for different feeding strategies. Phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase was increased in early lactation vs. late lactation (P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with PC mRNA levels. The positive association of gluconeogenic genes with proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PPARGC1A) hepatic expression supported the importance of this transcription factor in glucose metabolism. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA) mRNA was increased during early lactation (P < 0.05), and was positively associated to PPARGC1A, carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1, and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2) mRNA expression. Alongside, hepatic mRNA expression of FABP was decreased for G1 vs. G0 cows (P < 0.05), possibly linked to impaired fatty acid transport and related to accumulation of liver triglycerides, evidencing G1 cows fail to adapt to the demands of early lactation. In sum, our results showed that metabolic adaptations related to early lactation negative energy balance can be affected by feeding strategy and might be regulated by the metabolic sensors AMPK, SIRT1, and coordinated by transcription factors PPARGC1A and PPARA.
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Kurosaka Y, Machida S, Shiroya Y, Yamauchi H, Minato K. Protective Effects of Voluntary Exercise on Hepatic Fat Accumulation Induced by Dietary Restriction in Zucker Fatty Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2014. [PMID: 33670590 PMCID: PMC7922922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Weight control based on dietary restriction (DR) alone can cause lipid metabolic failure and progression to fatty liver. This study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise on preventing DR-induced hepatic fat accumulation in Zucker fatty (ZF) rats by focusing on the relationship between adipose tissue lipolysis and hepatic fat uptake. Six-week-old male ZF rats were randomly assigned to obese, DR, or DR with exercise (DR + Ex) groups. The DR and DR + Ex groups were fed a restricted diet, with the latter also undergoing voluntary exercise. After 6 weeks, hepatic fat accumulation was observed in the DR group, whereas intrahepatic fat was markedly reduced in the DR + Ex group. Compared with the obese (Ob) group, the DR group exhibited 2.09-fold expression of hepatic fatty acid translocase (FAT)/CD36 proteins (p < 0.01) and 0.14-fold expression of hepatic fatty acid-binding protein (FABP)1 (p < 0.01). There were no significant differences between the DR + Ex group and the Ob group. FAT/CD36 and hepatic triglyceride (TG) expression levels were strongly positively correlated (r = 0.81, p < 0.001), whereas there was a strong negative correlation between FABP1 and hepatic TG expression levels (r = -0.65, p < 0.001). Our results suggest that hepatic fat accumulation induced by DR in ZF rats might be prevented through exercise-induced modifications in FAT/CD36 and FABP1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kurosaka
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Wayo Women’s University, Chiba 272-8533, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.M.)
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Division of Physical Fitness, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 182-8570, Japan;
| | - Shuichi Machida
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan;
| | - Yoko Shiroya
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Wayo Women’s University, Chiba 272-8533, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.M.)
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Division of Physical Fitness, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 182-8570, Japan;
| | - Hideki Yamauchi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Division of Physical Fitness, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 182-8570, Japan;
| | - Kumiko Minato
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Wayo Women’s University, Chiba 272-8533, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.M.)
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22
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Lazar SB, Pongor L, Li XL, Grammatikakis I, Muys BR, Dangelmaier EA, Redon CE, Jang SM, Walker RL, Tang W, Ambs S, Harris CC, Meltzer PS, Aladjem MI, Lal A. Genome-Wide Analysis of the FOXA1 Transcriptional Network Identifies Novel Protein-Coding and Long Noncoding RNA Targets in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Mol Cell Biol 2020; 40:e00224-20. [PMID: 32839292 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.00224-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiation status of tumors is correlated with metastatic potential and malignancy. FOXA1 (forkhead box A1) is a transcription factor known to regulate differentiation in certain tissues. Here, we investigate FOXA1 function in human colorectal cancer (CRC). We found that FOXA1 is robustly expressed in the normal human colon but significantly downregulated in colon adenocarcinoma. Applying FOXA1 chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with deep sequencing and transcriptome analysis upon FOXA1 knockdown in well-differentiated CRC cells and FOXA1 overexpression in poorly differentiated CRC cells, we identified novel protein-coding and lncRNA genes regulated by FOXA1. Among the numerous novel FOXA1 targets we identified, we focused on CEACAM5, a tumor marker and facilitator of cell adhesion. We show that FOXA1 binds to a distal enhancer downstream of CEACAM5 and strongly activates its expression. Consistent with these data, we show that FOXA1 inhibits anoikis in CRC cells. Collectively, our results uncover novel protein-coding and noncoding targets of FOXA1 and suggest a vital role of FOXA1 in enhancing CEACAM5 expression and anoikis resistance in CRC cells.
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23
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Gutiérrez-Guerrero YT, Ibarra-Laclette E, Martínez del Río C, Barrera-Redondo J, Rebollar EA, Ortega J, León-Paniagua L, Urrutia A, Aguirre-Planter E, Eguiarte LE. Genomic consequences of dietary diversification and parallel evolution due to nectarivory in leaf-nosed bats. Gigascience 2020; 9:giaa059. [PMID: 32510151 PMCID: PMC7276932 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giaa059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The New World leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomids) exhibit a diverse spectrum of feeding habits and innovations in their nutrient acquisition and foraging mechanisms. However, the genomic signatures associated with their distinct diets are unknown. RESULTS We conducted a genomic comparative analysis to study the evolutionary dynamics related to dietary diversification and specialization. We sequenced, assembled, and annotated the genomes of five Phyllostomid species: one insect feeder (Macrotus waterhousii), one fruit feeder (Artibeus jamaicensis), and three nectar feeders from the Glossophaginae subfamily (Leptonycteris yerbabuenae, Leptonycteris nivalis, and Musonycteris harrisoni), also including the previously sequenced vampire Desmodus rotundus. Our phylogenomic analysis based on 22,388 gene families displayed differences in expansion and contraction events across the Phyllostomid lineages. Independently of diet, genes relevant for feeding strategies and food intake experienced multiple expansions and signatures of positive selection. We also found adaptation signatures associated with specialized diets: the vampire exhibited traits associated with a blood diet (i.e., coagulation mechanisms), whereas the nectarivore clade shares a group of positively selected genes involved in sugar, lipid, and iron metabolism. Interestingly, in fruit-nectar-feeding Phyllostomid and Pteropodids bats, we detected positive selection in two genes: AACS and ALKBH7, which are crucial in sugar and fat metabolism. Moreover, in these two proteins we found parallel amino acid substitutions in conserved positions exclusive to the tribe Glossophagini and to Pteropodids. CONCLUSIONS Our findings illuminate the genomic and molecular shifts associated with the evolution of nectarivory and shed light on how nectar-feeding bats can avoid the adverse effects of diets with high glucose content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yocelyn T Gutiérrez-Guerrero
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Ibarra-Laclette
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología AC, 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | | | - Josué Barrera-Redondo
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eria A Rebollar
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jorge Ortega
- Departamento de Zoología, Laboratorio de Bioconservación y Manejo, Posgrado en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional-ENCB, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Livia León-Paniagua
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Araxi Urrutia
- Departamento de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Aguirre-Planter
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis E Eguiarte
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
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Tang M, Jiang Y, Jia H, Patpur BK, Yang B, Li J, Yang C. Osteopontin acts as a negative regulator of autophagy accelerating lipid accumulation during the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2020; 48:159-168. [PMID: 31852298 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1699822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence links osteopontin (OPN), a pro-fibrogenic extracellular matrix protein, to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, liver tissues isolated from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients expressed higher OPN than those of controls. However, the exact mechanism(s) for this phenomenon is yet to be clarified. Autophagy is the natural, regulated degradation and recycling of a cell's dysfunctional components, in order to maintain homeostasis. Increasing evidence supports that autophagy can constitute an effective Defence mechanism against NAFLD conditions. Herein, we constructed NAFLD mice model by high-fat (HF) and methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet and found that OPN is upregulated in livers of NAFLD mice. Besides, secreted OPN inhibited autophagosome-lysosome fusion via binding with its receptors integrin αVβ3 and αVβ5 in HepG2 cells supplemented with free fatty acids (FFA) and the livers of NAFLD mice. Silencing of OPN attenuated autophagy impairment and reduced lipid accumulation, while supplementation of OPN exhibited the opposite effect. Furthermore, treatment with anti-OPN Ab significantly attenuated steatosis as well as autophagy impairment in the liver. Our findings indicated that OPN plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of the development of NAFLD via autophagy impairment, which might represent a potential new therapeutic target for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Jia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Bhuvanesh Kinish Patpur
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Bo Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Changqing Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Zhang Y, Guo S, Xie C, Fang J. Uridine Metabolism and Its Role in Glucose, Lipid, and Amino Acid Homeostasis. Biomed Res Int 2020; 2020:7091718. [PMID: 32382566 PMCID: PMC7180397 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7091718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pyrimidine nucleoside uridine plays a critical role in maintaining cellular function and energy metabolism. In addition to its role in nucleoside synthesis, uridine and its derivatives contribute to reduction of cytotoxicity and suppression of drug-induced hepatic steatosis. Uridine is mostly present in blood and cerebrospinal fluid, where it contributes to the maintenance of basic cellular functions affected by UPase enzyme activity, feeding habits, and ATP depletion. Uridine metabolism depends on three stages: de novo synthesis, salvage synthesis pathway and catabolism, and homeostasis, which is tightly relating to glucose homeostasis and lipid and amino acid metabolism. This review is devoted to uridine metabolism and its role in glucose, lipid, and amino acid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Songge Guo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Chunyan Xie
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Jun Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
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26
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Tian H, Liu G, Guo Y, Li Y, Deng M, Liu D, Sun B. Lycopene supplementation regulates the gene expression profile and fat metabolism of breeding hens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:936-945. [PMID: 32170789 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of lycopene on the gene expression profile and expression of genes related to fat metabolism of Xinghua breeding hens. Seven hundred and twenty healthy breeding hens were randomly assigned to four treatments; each treatment was replicated six times with 30 hens each. Broken rice and soybean meal were adopted for the basal diet and added with 0 (control group), 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg lycopene respectively. Gene expression profile of the liver induced by lycopene and expression of genes related to fat metabolism in hens liver and intestine were analysed after 42-day feeding trial including 7-day pre-feeding period and 35-day formal period. The genes involved in fat metabolism were analysed, and we found that lycopene significantly increased the expression of PGC1α, PPARα, RXRα and RARα in the liver, PPARγ, RXRα and RXRγ in the jejunum, and RARα in the duodenum (p < .05); reduced the expression of FABP1 and FABP10 in the liver, and FATP4 in the jejunum (p < .05). By analysing gene expression profile, 158 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including 69 up-regulated genes and 89 down-regulated genes were obtained between control group and 40 mg/kg group. KEGG pathway analysis was performed on all DEGs, and 5 pathways were obtained. In conclusion, lycopene can affect the expression of related genes, and this may be one of the reasons that lycopene can regulate fat metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchen Tian
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangbin Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongqing Guo
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaokun Li
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Deng
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dewu Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoli Sun
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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27
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Abstract
For long time bilirubin was only considered as a potentially dangerous sign of liver diseases, but it now appears clear that it is also a powerful signaling molecule. Together with potent antioxidant activities that were only reported in the last few decades, many other biological effects have now been clearly described. These include especially profound inhibitory effects on almost all effectors of the immune system, with their clinical consequences in the bilirubin-mediated protection against autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Separate from these, bilirubin activates various nuclear and cytoplasmic receptors, resembling the endocrine activities of actual hormonal substances. This is true for the "classical" hepatic nuclear receptors, including the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, or the constitutive androstane receptor; and also for some lesser-explored receptors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ; Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor; or other signaling molecules including fatty acid binding protein 1, apolipoprotein D, or reactive oxygen species. All of these targets have broad metabolic effects, which in turn may offer protection against obesity, diabetes mellitus, and other metabolic diseases. The (mostly experimental) data are also supported by clinical evidence. In fact, data from the last three decades have convincingly demonstrated the protective effects of mildly elevated serum bilirubin concentrations against various "diseases of civilization." Additionally, even tiny, micromolar changes of serum bilirubin concentrations have been associated with substantial alteration in the risks of these diseases. It is highly likely that all of the biological activities of bilirubin have yet to be exhaustively explored, and thus we can expect further clinical discoveries about this evolutionarily old molecule into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Vítek
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General Faculty Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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28
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Petrov PD, Fernández-Murga L, Conde I, Martínez-Sena T, Guzmán C, Castell JV, Jover R. Epistane, an anabolic steroid used for recreational purposes, causes cholestasis with elevated levels of cholic acid conjugates, by upregulating bile acid synthesis (CYP8B1) and cross-talking with nuclear receptors in human hepatocytes. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:589-607. [PMID: 31894354 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02643-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Anabolic-androgenic steroids are testosterone derivatives, used by body-builders to increase muscle mass. Epistane (EPI) is an orally administered 17α-alkylated testosterone derivative with 2a-3a epithio ring. We identified four individuals who, after EPI consumption, developed long-lasting cholestasis. The bile acid (BA) profile of three patients was characterized, as well the molecular mechanisms involved in this pathology. The serum BA pool was increased from 14 to 61-fold, basically on account of primary conjugated BA (cholic acid (CA) conjugates), whereas secondary BA were very low. In in vitro experiments with cultured human hepatocytes, EPI caused the accumulation of glycoCA in the medium. Moreover, as low as 0.01 μM EPI upregulated the expression of key BA synthesis genes (CYP7A1, by 65% and CYP8B1, by 67%) and BA transporters (NTCP, OSTA and BSEP), and downregulated FGF19. EPI increased the uptake/accumulation of a fluorescent BA analogue in hepatocytes by 50-70%. Results also evidenced, that 40 μM EPI trans-activated the nuclear receptors LXR and PXR. More importantly, 0.01 μM EPI activated AR in hepatocytes, leading to an increase in the expression of CYP8B1. In samples from a human liver bank, we proved that the expression of AR was positively correlated with that of CYP8B1 in men. Taken together, we conclude that EPI could cause cholestasis by inducing BA synthesis and favouring BA accumulation in hepatocytes, at least in part by AR activation. We anticipate that the large phenotypic variability of BA synthesis enzymes and transport genes in man provide a putative explanation for the idiosyncratic nature of EPI-induced cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar D Petrov
- Unidad Mixta de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonor Fernández-Murga
- Unidad Mixta de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Conde
- Unidad Mixta de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.,Unidad de Hepatotoxicidad Clínica, Servicio de Medicina Digestiva, Sección Hepatología, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Martínez-Sena
- Unidad Mixta de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carla Guzmán
- Unidad Mixta de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Vicente Castell
- Unidad Mixta de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain. .,Departamento de Bioquímica Y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ramiro Jover
- Unidad Mixta de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain. .,Departamento de Bioquímica Y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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29
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Yuan J, Chen C, Cui J, Lu J, Yan C, Wei X, Zhao X, Li N, Li S, Xue G, Cheng W, Li B, Li H, Lin W, Tian C, Zhao J, Han J, An D, Zhang Q, Wei H, Zheng M, Ma X, Li W, Chen X, Zhang Z, Zeng H, Ying S, Wu J, Yang R, Liu D. Fatty Liver Disease Caused by High-Alcohol-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Cell Metab 2019; 30:675-688.e7. [PMID: 31543403 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The underlying etiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is believed to be quite varied. Changes in the gut microbiota have been investigated and are believed to contribute to at least some cases of the disease, though a causal relationship remains unclear. Here, we show that high-alcohol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (HiAlc Kpn) is associated with up to 60% of individuals with NAFLD in a Chinese cohort. Transfer of clinical isolates of HiAlc Kpn by oral gavage into mice induced NAFLD. Likewise, fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) into mice using a HiAlc-Kpn-strain-containing microbiota isolated from an individual with NASH induced NAFLD. However, selective elimination of the HiAlc Kpn strain before FMT prevented NAFLD in the recipient mice. These results suggest that at least in some cases of NAFLD an alteration in the gut microbiome drives the condition due to excess endogenous alcohol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yuan
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Beijing key laboratory of emerging infectious diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Jinghua Cui
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xiangna Zhao
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - NanNan Li
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Shaoli Li
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Guanhua Xue
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Weiwei Cheng
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Boxing Li
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Huan Li
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Weishi Lin
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Changyu Tian
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jiangtao Zhao
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Juqiang Han
- Institute of Hepatology, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Daizhi An
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Beijing key laboratory of emerging infectious diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Hong Wei
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Minghua Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Xuejun Ma
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wei Li
- Computational Virology Group, Center for Bacteria and Virus Resources and Application, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; Institue of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Beijing key laboratory of emerging infectious diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Sun Ying
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - JianXin Wu
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Di Liu
- Computational Virology Group, Center for Bacteria and Virus Resources and Application, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
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30
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Cheng C, Zhuo S, Zhang B, Zhao X, Liu Y, Liao C, Quan J, Li Z, Bode AM, Cao Y, Luo X. Treatment implications of natural compounds targeting lipid metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity and cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1654-1663. [PMID: 31360108 PMCID: PMC6643217 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.33837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders can lead to a scarcity or excess of certain metabolites such as glucose, lipids, proteins, purines, and metal ions, which provide the biochemical foundation and directly contribute to the etiology of metabolic diseases. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, and cancer are common metabolic disorders closely associated with abnormal lipid metabolism. In this review, we first describe the regulatory machinery of lipid metabolism and its deregulation in metabolic diseases. Next, we enumerate and integrate the mechanism of action of some natural compounds, including terpenoids and flavonoids, to ameliorate the development of metabolic diseases by targeting lipid metabolism. Medicinal natural products have an established history of use in health care and therapy. Natural compounds might provide a good source of potential therapeutic agents for treating or preventing metabolic diseases with lipid metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China
| | - Songming Zhuo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Longgang Center Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging,Xiangya Hospital,Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Medicine, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, China
| | - Chaoliang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China
| | - Jing Quan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China.,Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xiangjian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China.,Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
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31
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Porras D, Nistal E, Martínez-Flórez S, González-Gallego J, García-Mediavilla MV, Sánchez-Campos S. Intestinal Microbiota Modulation in Obesity-Related Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1813. [PMID: 30618824 PMCID: PMC6305464 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and associated comorbidities, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are a major concern to public well-being worldwide due to their high prevalence among the population, and its tendency on the rise point to as important threats in the future. Therapeutic approaches for obesity-associated disorders have been circumscribed to lifestyle modifications and pharmacological therapies have demonstrated limited efficacy. Over the last few years, different studies have shown a significant role of intestinal microbiota (IM) on obesity establishment and NAFLD development. Therefore, modulation of IM emerges as a promising therapeutic strategy for obesity-associated diseases. Administration of prebiotic and probiotic compounds, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and exercise protocols have shown a modulatory action over the IM. In this review we provide an overview of current approaches targeting IM which have shown their capacity to counteract NAFLD and metabolic syndrome features in human patients and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Porras
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Esther Nistal
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León, Spain.,Department of Gastroenterology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, Spain
| | | | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Victoria García-Mediavilla
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Sánchez-Campos
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
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32
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Madureira TV, Pinheiro I, Malhão F, Castro LFC, Rocha E, Urbatzka R. Silencing of PPARαBb mRNA in brown trout primary hepatocytes: effects on molecular and morphological targets under the influence of an estrogen and a PPARα agonist. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 229:1-9. [PMID: 30528668 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The crosstalk between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and estrogenic pathways are shared from fish to humans. Salmonid fish had an additional genome duplication, and two PPARα isoforms (PPARαBa and PPARαBb) were previously identified. Since a negative regulation between estrogen signaling and PPARα was described, a post-transcriptional gene silencing for PPARαBb was designed in primary brown trout hepatocytes. The aims of the study were to: (i) decipher the effects of PPARαBb knock-down on peroxisome morphology and on mRNA expression of potential target genes, and (ii) to assess the cross-interferences caused by an estrogenic compound (17α-ethinylestradiol - EE2) and a PPARα agonist (Wy-14,643 - Wy) using the established knock-down model. A knock-down efficiency of 70% was achieved for PPARαBb and its silencing significantly reduced the volume density of peroxisomes, but did not alter mRNA levels of the studied genes. Exposure to Wy did not change peroxisome morphology or mRNA expression, but under silencing conditions Wy rescued the volume density of peroxisomes to control levels, and increased acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1-3l (Acox1-3l) mRNA. Exposure to EE2 caused a reduction of peroxisome volume density, but under silencing conditions this effect was abolished and ApoA1 mRNA level was diminished. The morphological alterations of peroxisomes by WY and EE2 demonstrated that obtained results are PPARαBb dependent, and suggest the regulation of unknown downstream targets of PPARαBb. In summary, PPARαBb is involved in the control of peroxisome size and/or number, which opens future opportunities to explore its regulation and molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Vieira Madureira
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (U.Porto), Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, P 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ivone Pinheiro
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (U.Porto), Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, P 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Malhão
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (U.Porto), Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, P 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - L Filipe C Castro
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, University of Porto (U.Porto), Rua do Campo Alegre, P 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Rocha
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (U.Porto), Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, P 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ralph Urbatzka
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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33
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Okada LSDRR, Oliveira CP, Stefano JT, Nogueira MA, Silva IDCGD, Cordeiro FB, Alves VAF, Torrinhas RS, Carrilho FJ, Puri P, Waitzberg DL. Omega-3 PUFA modulate lipogenesis, ER stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction markers in NASH – Proteomic and lipidomic insight. Clin Nutr 2018; 37:1474-1484. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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34
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Liu L, Cui HX, Zheng MQ, Zhao GP, Wen J. Comparative analysis of differentially expressed genes related to triglyceride metabolism between intramuscular fat and abdominal fat in broilers. Br Poult Sci 2018; 59:514-520. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2018.1483573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - H. X. Cui
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - M. Q. Zheng
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - G. P. Zhao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - J. Wen
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, China
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35
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Martin GG, Seeger DR, McIntosh AL, Chung S, Milligan S, Landrock D, Dangott LJ, Golovko MY, Murphy EJ, Kier AB, Schroeder F. Scp-2/Scp-x ablation in Fabp1 null mice differentially impacts hepatic endocannabinoid level depending on dietary fat. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 650:93-102. [PMID: 29763591 PMCID: PMC6033332 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the hepatic endocannabinoid (EC) system and high fat diet (HFD) are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver cytosol contains high levels of two novel endocannabinoid binding proteins-liver fatty acid binding protein (FABP1) and sterol carrier protein-2 (SCP-2). While Fabp1 gene ablation significantly increases hepatic levels of arachidonic acid (ARA)-containing EC and sex-dependent response to pair-fed high fat diet (HFD), the presence of SCP-2 complicates interpretation. These issues were addressed by ablating Scp-2/Scp-x in Fabp1 null mice (TKO). In control-fed mice, TKO increased hepatic levels of arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA) in both sexes. HFD impacted hepatic EC levels by decreasing AEA in TKO females and decreasing 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) in WT of both sexes. Only TKO males on HFD had increased hepatic 2-AG levels. Hepatic ARA levels were decreased in control-fed TKO of both sexes. Changes in hepatic AEA/2-AG levels were not associated with altered amounts of hepatic proteins involved in AEA/2-AG synthesis or degradation. These findings suggested that ablation of the Scp-2/Scp-x gene in Fabp1 null mice exacerbated hepatic EC accumulation and antagonized the impact of HFD on hepatic EC levels-suggesting both proteins play important roles in regulating the hepatic EC system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory G Martin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA.
| | - Drew R Seeger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037 USA
| | - Avery L McIntosh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA
| | - Sarah Chung
- Department of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467, USA
| | - Sherrelle Milligan
- Department of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467, USA
| | - Danilo Landrock
- Department of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467, USA
| | - Lawrence J Dangott
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA
| | - Mikhail Y Golovko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037 USA
| | - Eric J Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037 USA
| | - Ann B Kier
- Department of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467, USA
| | - Friedhelm Schroeder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA.
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36
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McIntosh AL, Martin GG, Huang H, Landrock D, Kier AB, Schroeder F. Δ 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol induces endocannabinoid accumulation in mouse hepatocytes: antagonism by Fabp1 gene ablation. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:646-657. [PMID: 29414765 PMCID: PMC5880504 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m082644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytocannabinoids, such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), bind and activate cannabinoid (CB) receptors, thereby "piggy-backing" on the same pathway's endogenous endocannabinoids (ECs). The recent discovery that liver fatty acid binding protein-1 (FABP1) is the major cytosolic "chaperone" protein with high affinity for both Δ9-THC and ECs suggests that Δ9-THC may alter hepatic EC levels. Therefore, the impact of Δ9-THC or EC treatment on the levels of endogenous ECs, such as N-arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), was examined in cultured primary mouse hepatocytes from WT and Fabp1 gene-ablated (LKO) mice. Δ9-THC alone or 2-AG alone significantly increased AEA and especially 2-AG levels in WT hepatocytes. LKO alone markedly increased AEA and 2-AG levels. However, LKO blocked/diminished the ability of Δ9-THC to further increase both AEA and 2-AG. In contrast, LKO potentiated the ability of exogenous 2-AG to increase the hepatocyte level of AEA and 2-AG. These and other data suggest that Δ9-THC increases hepatocyte EC levels, at least in part, by upregulating endogenous AEA and 2-AG levels. This may arise from Δ9-THC competing with AEA and 2-AG binding to FABP1, thereby decreasing targeting of bound AEA and 2-AG to the degradative enzymes, fatty acid amide hydrolase and monoacylglyceride lipase, to decrease hydrolysis within hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avery L McIntosh
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Gregory G Martin
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Huan Huang
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Danilo Landrock
- Departments of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Ann B Kier
- Departments of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Friedhelm Schroeder
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843.
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37
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Milligan S, Martin GG, Landrock D, McIntosh AL, Mackie JT, Schroeder F, Kier AB. Ablating both Fabp1 and Scp2/Scpx (TKO) induces hepatic phospholipid and cholesterol accumulation in high fat-fed mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:323-338. [PMID: 29307784 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Although singly ablating Fabp1 or Scp2/Scpx genes may exacerbate the impact of high fat diet (HFD) on whole body phenotype and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), concomitant upregulation of the non-ablated gene, preference for ad libitum fed HFD, and sex differences complicate interpretation. Therefore, these issues were addressed in male and female mice ablated in both genes (Fabp1/Scp2/Scpx null or TKO) and pair-fed HFD. Wild-type (WT) males gained more body weight as fat tissue mass (FTM) and exhibited higher hepatic lipid accumulation than WT females. The greater hepatic lipid accumulation in WT males was associated with higher hepatic expression of enzymes in glyceride synthesis, higher hepatic bile acids, and upregulation of transporters involved in hepatic reuptake of serum bile acids. While TKO had little effect on whole body phenotype and hepatic bile acid accumulation in either sex, TKO increased hepatic accumulation of lipids in both, specifically phospholipid and cholesteryl esters in males and females and free cholesterol in females. TKO-induced increases in glycerides were attributed not only to complete loss of FABP1, SCP2 and SCPx, but also in part to sex-dependent upregulation of hepatic lipogenic enzymes. These data with WT and TKO mice pair-fed HFD indicate that: i) Sex significantly impacted the ability of HFD to increase body weight, induce hepatic lipid accumulation and increase hepatic bile acids; and ii) TKO exacerbated the HFD ability to induce hepatic lipid accumulation, regardless of sex, but did not significantly alter whole body phenotype in either sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherrelle Milligan
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467, USA
| | - Gregory G Martin
- Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA
| | - Danilo Landrock
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467, USA
| | - Avery L McIntosh
- Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA
| | - John T Mackie
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467, USA
| | - Friedhelm Schroeder
- Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA
| | - Ann B Kier
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467, USA.
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38
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Martin GG, Landrock D, Chung S, Dangott LJ, McIntosh AL, Mackie JT, Kier AB, Schroeder F. Loss of fatty acid binding protein-1 alters the hepatic endocannabinoid system response to a high-fat diet. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:2114-2126. [PMID: 28972119 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m077891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of the hepatic endocannabinoid (EC) receptor [cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1)] and arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA) is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Male mice fed high-fat diet (HFD) ad libitum also exhibit NAFLD, increased hepatic AEA, and obesity. But, preference for HFD complicates interpretation and almost nothing is known about these effects in females. These issues were addressed by pair-feeding HFD. Similarly to ad libitum-fed HFD, pair-fed HFD also increased WT male and female mouse fat tissue mass (FTM), but preferentially at the expense of lean tissue mass. In contrast, pair-fed HFD did not elicit NAFLD in WT mice regardless of sex. Concomitantly, pair-fed HFD oppositely impacted hepatic AEA, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol, and/or CB1 in WT males versus females. In pair-fed HFD mice, liver FA binding protein-1 (Fabp1) gene ablation (LKO): i) exacerbated FTM in both sexes; ii) did not elicit liver neutral lipid accumulation in males and only slightly in females; iii) increased liver AEA in males, but decreased it in females; and iv) decreased CB1 only in males. Thus, pair-fed HFD selectively impacted hepatic ECs more in females, but did not elicit NAFLD in either sex. These effects were modified by LKO consistent with FABP1's ability to impact EC and FA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory G Martin
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Danilo Landrock
- Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Sarah Chung
- Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Lawrence J Dangott
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Avery L McIntosh
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - John T Mackie
- Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Ann B Kier
- Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Friedhelm Schroeder
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
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Weiss TS, Lupke M, Ibrahim S, Buechler C, Lorenz J, Ruemmele P, Hofmann U, Melter M, Dayoub R. Attenuated lipotoxicity and apoptosis is linked to exogenous and endogenous augmenter of liver regeneration by different pathways. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184282. [PMID: 28877220 PMCID: PMC5587239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) covers a spectrum from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. Free fatty acids (FFA) induce steatosis and lipo-toxicity and correlate with severity of NAFLD. In this study we aimed to investigate the role of exogenous and endogenous ALR (augmenter of liver regeneration) for FFA induced ER (endoplasmatic reticulum) -stress and lipoapoptosis. Primary human hepatocytes or hepatoma cells either treated with recombinant human ALR (rhALR, 15kDa) or expressing short form ALR (sfALR, 15kDa) were incubated with palmitic acid (PA) and analyzed for lipo-toxicity, -apoptosis, activation of ER-stress response pathways, triacylglycerides (TAG), mRNA and protein expression of lipid metabolizing genes. Both, exogenous rhALR and cytosolic sfALR reduced PA induced caspase 3 activity and Bax protein expression and therefore lipotoxicity. Endogenous sfALR but not rhALR treatment lowered TAG levels, diminished activation of ER-stress mediators C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), X-box binding protein-1 (XBP1) and proapoptotic transcription factor C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), and reduced death receptor 5 protein expression. Cellular ALR exerts its lipid lowering and anti-apoptotic actions by enhancing FABP1, which binds toxic FFA, increasing mitochondrial β-oxidation by elevating the mitochondrial FFA transporter CPT1α, and decreasing ELOVL6, which delivers toxic FFA metabolites. We found reduced hepatic mRNA levels of ALR in a high fat diet mouse model, and of ALR and FOXA2, a transcription factor inducing ALR expression, in human steatotic as well as NASH liver samples, which may explain increased lipid deposition and reduced β-oxidation in NASH patients. Present study shows that exogenous and endogenous ALR reduce PA induced lipoapoptosis. Furthermore, cytosolic sfALR changes mRNA and protein expression of genes regulating lipid metabolism, reduces ER-stress finally impeding progression of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S. Weiss
- Children’s University Hospital, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Center for Liver Cell Research, University of Regensburg Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Madeleine Lupke
- Children’s University Hospital, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sara Ibrahim
- Children’s University Hospital, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christa Buechler
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Regensburg Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julia Lorenz
- Children’s University Hospital, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Petra Ruemmele
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ute Hofmann
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tübingen, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Melter
- Children’s University Hospital, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rania Dayoub
- Children’s University Hospital, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
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Madeira MSMDS, Rolo ESA, Pires VMR, Alfaia CMRPM, Coelho DFM, Lopes PAAB, Martins SIV, Pinto RMA, Prates JAM. Arginine supplementation modulates pig plasma lipids, but not hepatic fatty acids, depending on dietary protein level with or without leucine. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:145. [PMID: 28558680 PMCID: PMC5450298 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1063-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the present study, the effect of arginine and leucine supplementation, and dietary protein level, were investigated in commercial crossbred pigs to clarify their individual or combined impact on plasma metabolites, hepatic fatty acid composition and mRNA levels of lipid sensitive factors. The experiment was conducted on fifty-four entire male pigs (Duroc × Pietrain × Large White × Landrace crossbred) from 59 to 92 kg of live weight. Each pig was randomly assigned to one of six experimental treatments (n = 9). The treatments followed a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, providing two levels of arginine supplementation (0 vs. 1%) and three levels of basal diet (normal protein diet, NPD; reduced protein diet, RPD; reduced protein diet with 2% of leucine, RPDL). Results Significant interactions between arginine supplementation and protein level were observed across plasma lipids. While dietary arginine increased total lipids, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerols in NPD, the inverse effect was observed in RPD. Overall, dietary treatments had a minor impact on hepatic fatty acid composition. RPD increased 18:1c9 fatty acid while the combination of leucine and RPD reduced 18:0 fatty acid. Arginine supplementation increased the gene expression of FABP1, which contributes for triacylglycerols synthesis without affecting hepatic fatty acids content. RPD, with or without leucine addition, upregulated the lipogenic gene CEBPA but downregulated the fat oxidation gene LPIN1. Conclusions Arginine supplementation was responsible for a modulated effect on plasma lipids, which is dependent on dietary protein level. It consistently increased lipaemia in NPD, while reducing the correspondent metabolites in RPD. In contrast, arginine had no major impact, neither on hepatic fatty acids content nor on fatty acid composition. Likewise, leucine supplementation of RPD, regardless the presence of arginine, promoted no changes on total fatty acids in the liver. Ultimately, arginine, leucine and dietary protein reduction seem to be unrelated with fatty liver development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sofia Morgado Dos Santos Madeira
- CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eva Sofia Alves Rolo
- CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Virgínia Maria Rico Pires
- CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Diogo Francisco Maurício Coelho
- CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Alexandra Antunes Brás Lopes
- CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Isabel Vargas Martins
- CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Manuel Amaro Pinto
- iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José António Mestre Prates
- CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Zhu L, Huang F, Deng G, Nie W, Huang W, Xu H, Zheng S, Yi Z, Wan T. MicroRNA-212 targets FOXA1 and suppresses the proliferation and invasion of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3790-3796. [PMID: 28105112 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are a class of small RNAs, have been shown to negatively regulate the expression of their target genes by directly binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of mRNA. miRNA dysregulation has been associated with the pathogenesis of numerous types of human cancer. However, the role of miRNAs in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has yet to be fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR-212 in the growth and metastasis of ICC in vitro, as well as the underlying mechanism. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were used to examine mRNA and protein expression. An MTT assay and transwell assay were conducted to determine cell proliferation and invasion rates. The results of the RT-qPCR demonstrated that miR-212 was downregulated in the majority of investigated ICC tissues, as compared with their matched adjacent non-tumor tissues. In addition, miR-212 expression was shown to be markedly downregulated in three ICC cell lines, as compared with human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells. Furthermore, restoration of miR-212 expression significantly suppressed the proliferation and invasion of ICC QBC939 cells. Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) was predicted to be a putative target of miR-212 by bioinformatics analysis with TargetScan. Therefore, a luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm that miR-212 was able to directly bind to the 3'-UTR of FOXA1 mRNA. In addition, using western blot analysis, the protein expression of FOXA1 was shown to be negatively regulated by miR-212 in ICC QBC939 cells. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that FOXA1 was frequently upregulated in various ICC tissues and cell lines. The results of the present study suggested that miR-212 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of ICC cells by directly targeting FOXA1, and thus may be considered a potential candidate for the treatment of ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Feizhou Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Wanpin Nie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Shaopeng Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Zhongjie Yi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Klaassen K, Stankovic B, Kotur N, Djordjevic M, Zukic B, Nikcevic G, Ugrin M, Spasovski V, Srzentic S, Pavlovic S, Stojiljkovic M. New PAH gene promoter KLF1 and 3'-region C/EBPalpha motifs influence transcription in vitro. J Appl Genet 2016; 58:79-85. [PMID: 27447460 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-016-0359-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disease caused by mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene. Although the PAH genotype remains the main determinant of PKU phenotype severity, genotype-phenotype inconsistencies have been reported. In this study, we focused on unanalysed sequences in non-coding PAH gene regions to assess their possible influence on the PKU phenotype. We transiently transfected HepG2 cells with various chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter constructs which included PAH gene non-coding regions. Selected non-coding regions were indicated by in silico prediction to contain transcription factor binding sites. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and supershift assays were performed to identify which transcriptional factors were engaged in the interaction. We found novel KLF1 motif in the PAH promoter, which decreases CAT activity by 50 % in comparison to basal transcription in vitro. The cytosine at the c.-170 promoter position creates an additional binding site for the protein complex involving KLF1 transcription factor. Moreover, we assessed for the first time the role of a multivariant variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) region located in the 3'-region of the PAH gene. We found that the VNTR3, VNTR7 and VNTR8 constructs had approximately 60 % of CAT activity. The regulation is mediated by the C/EBPalpha transcription factor, present in protein complex binding to VNTR3. Our study highlighted two novel promoter KLF1 and 3'-region C/EBPalpha motifs in the PAH gene which decrease transcription in vitro and, thus, could be considered as PAH expression modifiers. New transcription motifs in non-coding regions will contribute to better understanding of the PKU phenotype complexity and may become important for the optimisation of PKU treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristel Klaassen
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Stankovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Kotur
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Djordjevic
- Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr Vukan Cupic", School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Radoja Dakića 6-8, 11070, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka Zukic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Nikcevic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Ugrin
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Spasovski
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Srzentic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Pavlovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Stojiljkovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Lockman KA, Htun V, Sinha R, Treskes P, Nelson LJ, Martin SF, Rogers SM, Le Bihan T, Hayes PC, Plevris JN. Proteomic profiling of cellular steatosis with concomitant oxidative stress in vitro. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:114. [PMID: 27368608 PMCID: PMC4930558 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0283-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nutrient excess underpins the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The ensuing metabolic derangement is characterised by increased cellular respiration, oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment. We have previously recapitulated these events in an in vitro cellular steatosis model. Here, we examined the distinct patterns of protein expression involved using a proteomics approach. Methods Human hepatoblastoma C3A cells were treated with a combination of energy substrates; lactate (L), pyruvate (P), octanoate (O) and ammonia (N). Proteins extracts were trypsinized and analyzed on a capillary HPLC OrbitrapXL mass spectrometer. Proteins were quantified using a label-free intensity based approach. Functional enrichment analysis was performed using ToppCluster via Gene Ontology (GO) database. Results Of the 1327 proteins identified, 104 were differentially expressed between LPON and untreated cells (defined as: ≥2 peptides; fold change ≥1.5; p-value <0.05). Seventy of these were upregulated with LPON. Functional enrichment analysis revealed enhanced protein biosynthesis accompanied by downregulation of histones H2A type 1-A, H1.2, H1.5 and H1.0I in LPON cells. Lipid binding annotations were also enriched as well as proteins involved in cholesterol synthesis, uptake and efflux. Increased expression of aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1 and C3 suggests enhanced sterol metabolism and increased ROS-mediated lipid peroxidation. Conclusions The surge of energy substrates diverts free fatty acid metabolism towards pathways that can mitigate lipotoxicity. The histones depletion may represent an adaptation to increased protein synthesis. However, this can also expose DNA to oxidative stress thus should be explored further in the context of NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalida Ann Lockman
- Hepatology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, Scotland, UK
| | - Varanand Htun
- Hepatology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, Scotland, UK
| | - Rohit Sinha
- Hepatology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, Scotland, UK
| | - Philipp Treskes
- Hepatology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, Scotland, UK
| | - Leonard J Nelson
- Hepatology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, Scotland, UK
| | - Sarah F Martin
- Kinetic Parameter Facility, SynthSys - Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Sophie M Rogers
- Kinetic Parameter Facility, SynthSys - Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Thierry Le Bihan
- Kinetic Parameter Facility, SynthSys - Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Peter C Hayes
- Hepatology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, Scotland, UK
| | - John N Plevris
- Hepatology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, Scotland, UK.
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Chouinard-Watkins R, Pinçon A, Coulombe JD, Spencer R, Massenavette L, Plourde M. A Diet Rich in Docosahexaenoic Acid Restores Liver Arachidonic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Concentrations in Mice Homozygous for the Human Apolipoprotein E ε4 Allele. J Nutr 2016; 146:1315-21. [PMID: 27306896 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.230052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolism of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) is disturbed in carriers of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele (APOE4). More specifically, APOE4 carriers are lower responders to ω-3 (n-3) LC-PUFA supplementation; this might be because LC-PUFA transport into cells or β-oxidation is disturbed. However, high doses of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) seem to restore DHA homeostasis in APOE4 carriers, but the contribution of hepatic fatty acid (FA) transporters is unknown. OBJECTIVES With the use of mice carrying human APOE isoforms, we sought to investigate whether a DHA-rich diet could restore DHA homeostasis in APOE4 mice and whether this involved hepatic FA transporters. METHODS Male and female mice homozygous for the APOE ε2 allele, APOE ε3 allele (APOE3), and APOE4 were fed either a diet enriched with DHA (0.7 g DHA/100 g diet) or a control diet for 8 mo and were killed at 12 mo of age. Liver and plasma FA profiles were measured by GC, and FA transporter expression was evaluated by Western immunoblotting. RESULTS There was a significant genotype × diet interaction for hepatic concentrations of arachidonic acid (AA) and DHA (P = 0.005 and P = 0.002, respectively) and a trend toward an interaction for liver expression of fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1) (P-interaction = 0.05). APOE4 mice had 60-100% higher liver AA, DHA, and FABP1 than did APOE3 mice, but only when fed the control diet. Independent of diet, APOE4 mice had 20-30% lower plasma concentrations of AA and DHA than did APOE3 mice. Overall, mice fed the DHA diet had 50% lower concentrations of liver total FAs than did mice fed the control diet. CONCLUSIONS These findings in transgenic mice suggest that a long-term diet rich in DHA suppresses the APOE4-specific disturbances in hepatic transport and concentration of AA and DHA and also reduces hepatic total FA concentrations, regardless of genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Chouinard-Watkins
- Research Center on Aging, Health and Social Services Centre, University Institute of Geriatrics of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology-Physiology and
| | - Anthony Pinçon
- Research Center on Aging, Health and Social Services Centre, University Institute of Geriatrics of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology-Physiology and
| | - Jean-Denis Coulombe
- Research Center on Aging, Health and Social Services Centre, University Institute of Geriatrics of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology-Physiology and
| | - Riley Spencer
- Research Center on Aging, Health and Social Services Centre, University Institute of Geriatrics of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; and
| | - Laurence Massenavette
- Research Center on Aging, Health and Social Services Centre, University Institute of Geriatrics of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology-Physiology and
| | - Mélanie Plourde
- Research Center on Aging, Health and Social Services Centre, University Institute of Geriatrics of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; and Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
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Schroeder F, McIntosh AL, Martin GG, Huang H, Landrock D, Chung S, Landrock KK, Dangott LJ, Li S, Kaczocha M, Murphy EJ, Atshaves BP, Kier AB. Fatty Acid Binding Protein-1 (FABP1) and the Human FABP1 T94A Variant: Roles in the Endocannabinoid System and Dyslipidemias. Lipids 2016; 51:655-76. [PMID: 27117865 PMCID: PMC5408584 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4155-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The first discovered member of the mammalian FABP family, liver fatty acid binding protein (FABP1, L-FABP), occurs at high cytosolic concentration in liver, intestine, and in the case of humans also in kidney. While the rat FABP1 is well studied, the extent these findings translate to human FABP1 is not clear-especially in view of recent studies showing that endocannabinoids and cannabinoids represent novel rat FABP1 ligands and FABP1 gene ablation impacts the hepatic endocannabinoid system, known to be involved in non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) development. Although not detectable in brain, FABP1 ablation nevertheless also impacts brain endocannabinoids. Despite overall tertiary structure similarity, human FABP1 differs significantly from rat FABP1 in secondary structure, much larger ligand binding cavity, and affinities/specificities for some ligands. Moreover, while both mouse and human FABP1 mediate ligand induction of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α (PPARα), they differ markedly in pattern of genes induced. This is critically important because a highly prevalent human single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (26-38 % minor allele frequency and 8.3 ± 1.9 % homozygous) results in a FABP1 T94A substitution that further accentuates these species differences. The human FABP1 T94A variant is associated with altered body mass index (BMI), clinical dyslipidemias (elevated plasma triglycerides and LDL cholesterol), atherothrombotic cerebral infarction, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Resolving human FABP1 and the T94A variant's impact on the endocannabinoid and cannabinoid system is an exciting challenge due to the importance of this system in hepatic lipid accumulation as well as behavior, pain, inflammation, and satiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedhelm Schroeder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, TVMC, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA.
| | - Avery L McIntosh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, TVMC, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA
| | - Gregory G Martin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, TVMC, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA
| | - Huan Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, TVMC, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA
| | - Danilo Landrock
- Department of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, TVMC, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA
| | - Sarah Chung
- Department of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, TVMC, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA
| | - Kerstin K Landrock
- Department of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, TVMC, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA
| | - Lawrence J Dangott
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, TVMC, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA
| | - Shengrong Li
- Avanti Polar Lipids, 700 Industrial Park Dr., Alabaster, AL, 35007-9105, USA
| | - Martin Kaczocha
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Eric J Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Therapeutics and Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202-9037, USA
| | - Barbara P Atshaves
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Ann B Kier
- Department of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, TVMC, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA
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Chen GS, Zhou N, Li JQ, Li T, Zhang ZQ, Si ZZ. Restoration of miR-20a expression suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in HepG2 cells. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:3067-76. [PMID: 27313460 PMCID: PMC4892835 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s96861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To study microRNA (miR)-20a expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its effects on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HepG2. Methods The real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of miR-20a in HCC tissue and normal tissue, as well as in HCC cell lines and normal liver cells. miR-20a mimic and miR negative control (NC) were transfected into HepG2 cells. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide) assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Annexin fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide assay was run to examine the early apoptosis of cells. Transwell chamber assay was carried out to investigate the cell invasion and migration abilities. Results miR-20a was lowly expressed both in HCC tissues and HCC cell lines. After transfection of exogenous miR-20 mimics, miR-20a expression in HepG2 cells was significantly increased by 61.29% compared to the blank group (P<0.01). MTT assay showed that the growth of HepG2 cells in the miR-20a mimics group was significantly inhibited, and optical density values during the 36–96 hour time period were dramatically decreased compared to the blank group (P<0.01). Apoptosis rates of the miR-20a mimics group were higher than those of the blank and NC groups (both P<0.01). The number of HCC cells after transfection by miR-20a mimics in the G1 and S phases were 15.88% and 7.89%, respectively, which were lower than in the blank and NC groups (both P<0.05). Transwell assay showed that in the miR-20a mimics group the number of cell migration and invasion were 0.459 and 0.501 times that of the blank group (both P<0.01), and the migration and inhibition rates were 54.1% and 51.4%, respectively. After closing target gene CCND1 in HepG2 cells, the number of cell migration and invasion in the small interfering (si)-CCND1 group were 0.444 and 0.435 times that of the si-NC group (P<0.05); and compared to the si-NC group, the migration and inhibition rates were 55.6% and 56.5%, respectively. Conclusion miR-20a can inhibit the growth, invasion, and migration of HepG2 cells, and is therefore promising as a new molecular target for diagnosis and therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Shun Chen
- Department of Organ Transplantation and General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Department of Organ Transplantation and General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Qun Li
- Department of Organ Transplantation and General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Organ Transplantation and General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Organ Transplantation and General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Zhou Si
- Department of Organ Transplantation and General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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Tryndyak VP, Han T, Fuscoe JC, Ross SA, Beland FA, Pogribny IP. Status of hepatic DNA methylome predetermines and modulates the severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver injury in mice. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:298. [PMID: 27103143 PMCID: PMC4840954 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2617-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health problem and a leading cause of chronic liver disease in the United States and Western countries. In humans, genetic factors greatly influence individual susceptibility to NAFLD; nonetheless, the effect of inter-individual differences in the normal liver epigenome with regard to the susceptibility to NAFLD has not been determined. Results In the present study, we investigated the association between the DNA methylation status in the livers of A/J and WSB/EiJ mice and the severity of NAFLD-associated liver injury. We demonstrate that A/J and WSB/EiJ mice, which are characterized by significant differences in the severity of liver injury induced by a choline- and folate-deficient (CFD) diet exhibit substantial differences in cytosine DNA methylation in their normal livers. Furthermore, feeding A/J and WSB/EiJ mice a CFD diet for 12 weeks resulted in different trends and changes in hepatic cytosine DNA methylation. Conclusion Our findings indicate a primary role of hepatic DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and suggest that individual variations in DNA methylation across the genome may be a factor determining and influencing the vulnerability to NAFLD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2617-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr P Tryndyak
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, FDA, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Tao Han
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, FDA, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - James C Fuscoe
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, FDA, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Sharon A Ross
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Frederick A Beland
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, FDA, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Igor P Pogribny
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, FDA, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
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Abstract
Uridine is a pyrimidine nucleoside that exerts restorative functions in tissues under stress. Short-term co-administration of uridine with multiple unrelated drugs prevents drug-induced liver lipid accumulation. Uridine has the ability to modulate liver metabolism; however, the precise mechanism has not been delineated. In this study, long-term effects of uridine on liver metabolism were examined in both HepG2 cell cultures and C57BL/6J mice. We report that uridine administration was associated with O-GlcNAc modification of FOXO1, increased gluconeogenesis, reduced insulin signaling activity, and reduced expression of a liver-specific fatty acid binding protein FABP1. Long-term uridine feeding induced systemic glucose intolerance and severe liver lipid accumulation in mice. Our findings suggest that the therapeutic potentials of uridine should be designed for short-term acute administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyo Urasaki
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, 10530 Discovery Drive, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89135, United States of America
| | - Giuseppe Pizzorno
- Desert Research Institute, 10530 Discovery Drive, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89135, United States of America
| | - Thuc T. Le
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, 10530 Discovery Drive, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89135, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wu YL, Peng XE, Zhu YB, Yan XL, Chen WN, Lin X. Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Induces Hepatic Steatosis by Enhancing the Expression of Liver Fatty Acid Binding Protein. J Virol. 2016;90:1729-1740. [PMID: 26637457 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02604-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been implicated as a potential trigger of hepatic steatosis although molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of HBV-associated hepatic steatosis still remain elusive. Our prior work has revealed that the expression level of liver fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1), a key regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism, was elevated in HBV-producing hepatoma cells. In this study, the effects of HBV X protein (HBx) mediated FABP1 regulation on hepatic steatosis and the underlying mechanism were determined. mRNA and protein levels of FABP1 were measured by quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting. HBx-mediated FABP1 regulation was evaluated by luciferase assay, coimmunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Hepatic lipid accumulation was measured by using Oil-Red-O staining and the triglyceride level. It was found that expression of FABP1 was increased in HBV-producing hepatoma cells, the sera of HBV-infected patients, and the sera and liver tissues of HBV-transgenic mice. Ectopic overexpression of HBx resulted in upregulation of FABP1 in HBx-expressing hepatoma cells, whereas HBx abolishment reduced FABP1 expression. Mechanistically, HBx activated the FABP1 promoter in an HNF3β-, C/EBPα-, and PPARα-dependent manner, in which HBx increased the gene expression of HNF3β and physically interacted with C/EBPα and PPARα. On the other hand, knockdown of FABP1 remarkably blocked lipid accumulation both in long-chain free fatty acids treated HBx-expressing HepG2 cells and in a high-fat diet-fed HBx-transgenic mice. Therefore, FABP1 is a key driver gene in HBx-induced hepatic lipid accumulation via regulation of HNF3β, C/EBPα, and PPARα. FABP1 may represent a novel target for treatment of HBV-associated hepatic steatosis. IMPORTANCE Accumulating evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies has indicated that chronic HBV infection is associated with hepatic steatosis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying HBV-induced pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis still remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that expression of liver fatty acid binding protein (FABP1) was dramatically increased in the sera of HBV-infected patients and in both sera and liver tissues of HBV-transgenic mice. Forced expression of HBx led to FABP1 upregulation, whereas knockdown of FABP1 remarkably diminished lipid accumulation in both in vitro and in vivo models. It is possible that HBx promotes hepatic lipid accumulation through upregulating FABP1 in the development of HBV-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Therefore, inhibition of FABP1 might have therapeutic value in steatosis-associated chronic HBV infection.
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Ann JY, Eo H, Lim Y. Mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.) ameliorate obesity-induced hepatic lipogenesis, fibrosis, and oxidative stress in high-fat diet-fed mice. Genes Nutr 2015; 10:46. [PMID: 26463593 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-015-0495-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with chronic diseases such as fatty liver, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and severe metabolic syndrome. Obesity causes metabolic impairment including excessive lipid accumulation and fibrosis in the hepatic tissue as well as the increase in oxidative stress. In order to investigate the effect of mulberry leaf (Morus alba L.) extract (MLE) on obesity-induced oxidative stress, lipogenesis, and fibrosis in liver, MLE has been gavaged for 12 weeks in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. MLE treatment significantly ameliorated LXRα-mediated lipogenesis and hepatic fibrosis markers such as α-smooth muscle actin, while MLE up-regulated lipolysis-associated markers such as lipoprotein lipase in the HFD-fed mice. Moreover, MLE normalized the activities of antioxidant enzymes including heme oxygenase-1 and glutathione peroxidase in accordance with protein levels of 4-hydroxynonenal in the HFD-fed mice. MLE has beneficial effects on obesity-related fatty liver disease by regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism, fibrosis, and antioxidant defense system. MLE supplementation might be a potential therapeutic approach for obesity-related disease including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Ann
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Eo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunsook Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
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