1
|
Dubiel J, Scovil A, Speers-Roesch B, Wiseman S, de Jourdan B, Philibert D. Exposure to individual polycyclic aromatic compounds impairs the cardiac performance of American lobster (Homarus americanus) larvae. Aquat Toxicol 2024; 269:106863. [PMID: 38422926 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The potential for oil spills poses a threat to marine organisms, the toxicity of which has been attributed primarily to polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs). Predictive tools such as the target lipid model (TLM) have been developed to forecast and assess these risks. The aim of the present study was to characterize the cardiotoxicity of 10 structurally diverse PACs in American lobster (Homarus americanus) larvae by assessing heart rate following a 48 h exposure in a passive dosing system, and subsequently use the TLM framework to calculate a critical target lipid body burden (CTLBB) for bradycardia. Exposure to 8 of the 10 PACs resulted in concentration-dependent bradycardia, with phenanthrene causing the greatest effect. The TLM was able to effectively characterize bradycardia in American lobsters, and the cardiotoxic CTLBB value determined in this study is among the most sensitive endpoints included in the CTLBB database. This study is one of the first to apply the TLM to a cardiac endpoint and will improve predictive models for assessing sublethal impacts of oil spills on American lobster populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Dubiel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - A Scovil
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick E2L 4L5, Canada
| | - B Speers-Roesch
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick E2L 4L5, Canada
| | - S Wiseman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - B de Jourdan
- Huntsman Marine Science Centre, 1 Lower Campus Road, St. Andrews, New Brunswick E5B 2L7, Canada
| | - D Philibert
- Huntsman Marine Science Centre, 1 Lower Campus Road, St. Andrews, New Brunswick E5B 2L7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen J, Chen H, Shi J, Yan T, Gu M, Huang X. Factor diagnosis and governance strategies of ship oil spill accidents based on formal concept analysis. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 196:115606. [PMID: 37783166 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Ship oil spill accidents have a prolonged duration, complex consequences, challenging cleaning and repairing efforts, and pose a significant threat to the environment, economy, and society. Eliminating irrelevant information and identifying key factors using traditional methods is challenging due to the complexity of the causes of ship oil spill accidents. To address this, this article sorts out the accident databases of the International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation (ITOPF) and eight national maritime administration agencies, and innovatively constructs a formal concept analysis (FCA) model based on reports of 100-plus ship oil spill accidents. The model results prove that improper operation, less complete ship equipment, large tonnage, and poor navigation conditions are the key factors. The different causal rules of oil spills in collision/contact, grounding, fire/explosion, and foundering are further compared and analyzed. Finally, corresponding improvement measures are put forward for the key factors of oil spills and different causal rules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Chen
- College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China; Shenzhen International Maritime Institute, Shenzhen 518083, China; College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China; Shenzhen International Maritime Institute, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Jia Shi
- College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China; Shenzhen International Maritime Institute, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Tao Yan
- Shenzhen Pilot Station, Shenzhen 518081, China
| | - Miao Gu
- Shenzhen International Maritime Institute, Shenzhen 518083, China; College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiutao Huang
- Shenzhen International Maritime Institute, Shenzhen 518083, China; College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hughes S, Alves TM, Hales TC. Combined oil spill modelling and shoreline sensitivity analysis for contingency planning in the Irish Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2023; 193:115154. [PMID: 37429157 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Offshore oil spills often result in severe environmental and socio-economic consequences. This work focuses on a busy, yet poorly studied part of NW Europe, the Irish Sea, to assess the impact of future oil spills on the nearby coast. By integrating numerical models and shoreline sensitivity analyses for two confined areas, Liverpool Bay and Milford Haven, this work acknowledges wind direction and speed as principal controls on the movement of oil under winter/storm conditions and in shallow waters. Ocean currents play a secondary role, but are significant in deeper waters and in low-wind summer conditions. The temporal elements used in the modelling thus stress that when the spill occurs is just as important as where. As a corollary, the fate of spilled oil is determined in this work for distinct scenarios and types. Response strategies are recommended to minimise the impact of future spills on coastal populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shania Hughes
- 3D Seismic Lab, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building-Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Tiago M Alves
- 3D Seismic Lab, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building-Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom.
| | - T C Hales
- 3D Seismic Lab, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building-Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom; Sustainable Places Research Institute, Cardiff University, 33 Park Place, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Živančev J, Antić I, Buljovčić M, Đurišić-Mladenović N. A case study on the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in indoor dust of Serbian households: Distribution, source apportionment and health risk assessment. Chemosphere 2022; 295:133856. [PMID: 35122819 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted in order to obtain the first insight into the occurrence, potential sources, and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in indoor dust. Samples (n = 47) were collected from households in four settlements in the northern Serbian province of Vojvodina. Total concentrations of 16 EPA priority PAHs in the dust samples varied from 140 to 8265 μg kg-1. Mean and median values for all samples were 1825 and 1404 μg kg-1, respectively. According to the international guidelines for indoor environment, PAH content can be regarded as normal (<500 μg kg-1) for ∼6% of the samples, high (500-5000 μg kg-1) for ∼87% of the samples, and very high (5000-50000 μg kg1) for ∼6% of the samples. In all settlements, PAHs with 4 rings were the most prevalent (accounting for 40-53% of the total PAHs). They were followed by 3-ringed PAHs (29-40%), which indicates rather uniform PAH profiles in the analyzed dust. Based on diagnostic ratios, principal component analysis (PCA), and positive matrix factorization (PMF), pyrogenic sources, such as vehicle emissions and wood combustion were the dominant sources of PAHs in analyzed samples. Health risk assessment, which included incidental ingesting, inhaling and skin contact with PAHs in the analyzed dust, was evaluated by using the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) model. Median total ILCR was 3.88E-04 for children, and 3.73E-04 for adults. Results revealed that major contribution to quite high total ILCRs was brought by dermal contact and ingestion. Total cancer risk for indoor dust indicated that 85% of the studied locations exceeded 10-4. This implies risk of high concern, with potential adverse health effects. The results are valuable for future observation of PAHs in indoor environment. They are also useful for regional authorities who can use them to create policies which control sources of pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Živančev
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Igor Antić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Maja Buljovčić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nataša Đurišić-Mladenović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tang CH, Buskey EJ. De-coupled phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing in a simulated oil spill event in mesocosms. Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 178:113631. [PMID: 35397341 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microzooplankton (<200 μm) are essential intermediates between primary production and organisms at the higher trophic levels. Their ecological functions could be substantially affected by crude oil pollution. A natural plankton community was exposed to 10 μL L-1 of chemically dispersed crude oil (DOil) in outdoor mesocosms for 7 days, with control (Ctrl) mesocosms set up for comparison. Dilution experiments were conducted to estimate the grazing rates of microzooplankton on the 2nd and 6th days of the pollutants exposure. Results showed 0.36-2.28 d-1 microzooplankton grazing rates in the Ctrl mesocosms on both days but negative rates in the DOil mesocosms. A significant linear relationship between in situ phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing rates was found in the Ctrl treatment but not in the DOil treatment. This suggests a de-coupling between phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton and the potential for the formation of phytoplankton blooms in seawater after an oil spill event.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hung Tang
- Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Edward J Buskey
- Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Müller MN, Yogui GT, Gálvez AO, Gustavo de Sales Jannuzzi L, Fidelis de Souza Filho J, de Jesus Flores Montes M, Mendes de Castro Melo PA, Neumann-Leitão S, Zanardi-Lamardo E. Cellular accumulation of crude oil compounds reduces the competitive fitness of the coral symbiont Symbiodinium glynnii. Environ Pollut 2021; 289:117938. [PMID: 34391045 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oil spill events in the marine environment can have a deleterious impact on the affected ecosystems, such as coral reefs, with direct consequences for their socioeconomic value. The mutualistic relationship between tropical corals and their dinoflagellate symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) provide structural and nutritional basis for a high local biodiversity in oligotrophic waters. Here, we investigated effects of crude oil water-accommodated fraction on the competitive fitness of the model zooxanthellae species Symbiodinium glynnii. Results of laboratory essays demonstrate that crude oil carbon is incorporated into the cellular biomass with a concomitant change of δ13C isotopic value. Carcinogenic/mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were identified in the culture media and were responsible for a linear reduction in population growth of S. glynnii, presumably related to energy relocation for DNA repair. Additionally, the experiments revealed that physiological effects induced by crude oil compounds are genetically inherited by the following generations under non-contaminated growth conditions, and induce a reduction in the competitive fitness to cope with other environmental parameters, such as low salinity. We suggest that the effects of crude oil contamination represent an imparing factor for S. glynnii coping with anthropogenic drivers (e.g. warming and acidification) and interfere with the delicate symbiont-host relationship of tropical corals. This is especially relevant in the coastal areas of northeastern Brazil where an oil spill event deposited crude oil on shallow water sediments with the potential to be resuspended to the water column by physical and/or biological activity, enhancing the risk of future coral bleaching events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Nils Müller
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-550, Brazil.
| | - Gilvan Takeshi Yogui
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-550, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Olivera Gálvez
- Department of Fishing and Aquaculture, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, 52171-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Sigrid Neumann-Leitão
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-550, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Spilsbury F, Scarlett A, Grice K, Gagnon MM. Discriminating source of oil contamination in teleost fish, Lates calcarifer, using multivariate analysis of a suite of physiological and behavioral biomarkers. Mar Pollut Bull 2021; 172:112898. [PMID: 34482250 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The release of petroleum hydrocarbons into the environment from natural seeps, well blowouts, pipeline leaks, shipping accidents and deliberate tank washing poses an ongoing threat to marine ecosystems. Distinguishing the source of oil contamination in exposed biota can be relatively straightforward if samples of the oil are available but, in their absence, such discrimination in fish poses a major challenge. The use of physiological and behavioral biomarker analysis provides a useful tool to describe sub-lethal effects of toxicant exposure. In this study we describe the responses of 12 biomarkers in Lates calcarifer (Asian seabass) following a 33-day dietary exposure (1%w/w) to heavy fuel oil (HFO) and to Montara, a typical Australian medium crude oil (MCO). Principal components analysis was used to differentiate between fish exposed to HFO from those exposed to MCO. Inferences can be made about the composition of an oil from the biomarker profiles produced in exposed fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Spilsbury
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia.
| | - Alan Scarlett
- Western Australian Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, The Institute for Geoscience Research, School of Earth and Planetary Science, Curtin University, GPO BOX U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Kliti Grice
- Western Australian Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, The Institute for Geoscience Research, School of Earth and Planetary Science, Curtin University, GPO BOX U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Marthe Monique Gagnon
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lelario F, Bianco G, Bufo SA, Scrano L. Simulated Ageing of Crude Oil and Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Remediation since Crude Oil Pollution. Catalysts 2021; 11:954. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11080954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Crude oil can undergo biotic and abiotic transformation processes in the environment. This article deals with the fate of an Italian crude oil under simulated solar irradiation to understand (i) the modification induced on its composition by artificial ageing and (ii) the transformations arising from different advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) applied as oil-polluted water remediation methods. The AOPs adopted were photocatalysis, sonolysis and, simultaneously, photocatalysis and sonolysis (sonophotocatalysis). Crude oil and its water-soluble fractions underwent analysis using GC-MS, liquid-state 1H-NMR, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), and fluorescence. The crude oil after light irradiation showed (i) significant modifications induced by the artificial ageing on its composition and (ii) the formation of potentially toxic substances. The treatment produced oil oxidation with a particular effect of double bonds oxygenation. Non-polar compounds present in the water-soluble oil fraction showed a strong presence of branched alkanes and a good amount of linear and aromatic alkanes. All remediation methods utilised generated an increase of C5 class and a decrease of C6–C9 types of compounds. The analysis of polar molecules elucidated that oxygenated compounds underwent a slight reduction after photocatalysis and a sharp decline after sonophotocatalytic degradation. Significant modifications did not occur by sonolysis.
Collapse
|
9
|
Han H, Huang S, Liu S, Sha J, Lv X. An Assessment of Marine Ecosystem Damage from the Penglai 19-3 Oil Spill Accident. JMSE 2021; 9:732. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse9070732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Oil spills have immediate adverse effects on marine ecological functions. Accurate assessment of the damage caused by the oil spill is of great significance for the protection of marine ecosystems. In this study the observation data of Chaetoceros and shellfish before and after the Penglai 19-3 oil spill in the Bohai Sea were analyzed by the least-squares fitting method and radial basis function (RBF) interpolation. Besides, an oil transport model is provided which considers both the hydrodynamic mechanism and monitoring data to accurately simulate the spatial and temporal distribution of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in the Bohai Sea. It was found that the abundance of Chaetoceros and shellfish exposed to the oil spill decreased rapidly. The biomass loss of Chaetoceros and shellfish are 7.25×1014~7.28×1014 ind and 2.30×1012~2.51×1012 ind in the area with TPH over 50 mg/m3 during the observation period, respectively. This study highlights the evaluation of ecological resource loss caused by the oil spill, which is useful for the protection and restoration of the biological resources following the oil spill.
Collapse
|
10
|
Philibert D, Parkerton T, Marteinson S, de Jourdan B. Assessing the Toxicity of Individual Aromatic Compounds and Mixtures to American Lobster (Homarus americanus) Larvae Using a Passive Dosing System. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021; 40:1379-1388. [PMID: 33465259 PMCID: PMC8252573 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic exposures to aromatic compounds (ACs) may be important contributors to biological effects of oil spills. The present study examined the acute toxicity of 11 ACs and 3 binary AC mixtures on stage 1 American lobster larvae using a passive dosing test design. The ACs investigated covered a range of classes and log octanol-water partition coefficient values (KOW ; 2.5-5.5). Silicone O-rings were used to partition ACs into seawater and maintain stable exposures. Exposed lobster larvae were assessed for mobility and survival at 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h. Fluorometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry measurements confirmed well-defined substance exposures. Expressing lethality in terms of chemical activities yielded values between 0.01 and 0.1, consistent with a baseline mode of action. Analysis of time-dependent median lethal/effect concentration (L/EC50) values were used to determine incipient values. An expected linear relationship between the incipient log L/EC50 and log KOW was fit to the empirical toxicity data to derive critical target lipid body burdens for immobilization and lethality endpoints. These values indicate that American lobster larvae fall on the sensitive end of the acute species sensitivity distribution. We used AC toxicity data to successfully predict toxicity of binary mixtures assuming additive toxicity. The observed time-dependent toxicity was inversely related to log KOW and occurred more quickly than reported previously. The results contribute to improving models for predicting oil spill impacts on American lobster larvae populations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1379-1388. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah Marteinson
- National Contaminants Advisory Group, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, OttawaOntarioCanada
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu Y, Li N, Lou Y, Liu Y, Zhao X, Wang G. Effect of water accommodated fractions of fuel oil on fixed carbon and nitrogen by microalgae: Implication by stable isotope analysis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 195:110488. [PMID: 32200143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effect of water accommodated fractions (WAF) of #180 fuel oil on fixed carbon and nitrogen in microalgae was studied by stable isotopes. Platymonas helgolandica, Heterosigma akashiwo and Nitzschia closterium were exposed to five WAF concentrations for 96 h. The δ13C value of microalgae was significantly lower than that of the control group, indicated that carbon was limited in the WAF concentrations. The δ13C value of microalgae appeared peak valley at 48 h in control group, corresponding to the enhanced capacity in carbon fixation during microalgae photosynthesis. The physiological acclimation capacity of microalgae was revealed by the occurrence time when the δ13C value was in peak valley, and thus the physiological acclimation capacity of microalgae decreased in the order of Nitzschia closterium > Heterosigma akashiwo > Platymonas helgolandica. Principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to the δ13C value in order to verify the "hormesis" phenomenon in microalgae. The δ13C value could discriminate between stimulatory effects at low doses and inhibitory effects at high doses. In addition, the present study also investigated the effect of the nitrogen on microalgae growth. Because microalgae could still absorb the NO3-N and release of NO2-N and NH4-N in present study, the nitrogen cycle in microalgae was in the equilibrium status. The δ15N value in microalgae exhibited no obvious change with the increasing of WAF concentrations at the same time. However, due to the enrichment of nitrogen, the δ15N value first increased gradually with the time and finally was stable. Overall, the fractionation of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes illustrated that the effect of carbon on the growth of microalgae was more prominent than nitrogen. Stable isotopes was used to investigate the influence of WAF on fixed carbon and nitrogen in microalgae growth, providing a fundamental theoretical guidance for risk assessment of marine ecological environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China; Environmental Information Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China.
| | - Na Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Yadi Lou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Xinda Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Guoguang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Turja R, Sanni S, Stankevičiūtė M, Butrimavičienė L, Devier MH, Budzinski H, Lehtonen KK. Biomarker responses and accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mytilus trossulus and Gammarus oceanicus during exposure to crude oil. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:15498-15514. [PMID: 32077033 PMCID: PMC7190683 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07946-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the brackish water Baltic Sea, oil pollution is an ever-present and significant environmental threat mainly due to the continuously increasing volume of oil transport in the area. In this study, effects of exposure to crude oil on two common Baltic Sea species, the mussel Mytilus trossulus and the amphipod Gammarus oceanicus, were investigated. The species were exposed for various time periods (M. trossulus 4, 7, and 14 days, G. oceanicus 4 and 11 days) to three oil concentrations (0.003, 0.04, and 0.30 mg L-1 based on water measurements, nominally aimed at 0.015, 0.120, and 0.750 mg L-1) obtained by mechanical dispersion (oil droplets). Biological effects of oil exposure were examined using a battery of biomarkers consisting of enzymes of the antioxidant defense system (ADS), lipid peroxidation, phase II detoxification (glutathione S-transferase), neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase inhibition), and geno- and cytotoxicity (micronuclei and other nuclear deformities). In mussels, the results on biomarker responses were examined in connection with data on the tissue accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). In M. trossulus, during the first 4 days of exposure the accumulation of all PAHs in the two highest exposure concentrations was high and was thereafter reduced significantly. Significant increase in ADS responses was observed in M. trossulus at 4 and 7 days of exposure. At day 14, significantly elevated levels of geno- and cytotoxicity were detected in mussels. In G. oceanicus, the ADS responses followed a similar pattern to those recorded in M. trossulus at day 4; however, in G. oceanicus, the elevated ADS response was still maintained at day 11. Conclusively, the results obtained show marked biomarker responses in both study species under conceivable, environmentally realistic oil-in-seawater concentrations during an oil spill, and in mussels, they are related to the observed tissue accumulation of oil-derived compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raisa Turja
- Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, Agnes Sjöbergin katu 2, FI-00790, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Steinar Sanni
- NORCE - Norwegian Research Centre, Mekjarvik 12, N-4072, Randaberg, Norway
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Milda Stankevičiūtė
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Ecology, Akademijos str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Laura Butrimavičienė
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Ecology, Akademijos str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marie-Hélène Devier
- Laboratory of Physico- and Toxico-Chemistry of the Environment (LPTC), University Bordeaux 1, Oceanic and Continental Environments and Paleoenvironments (EPOC, UMR 5805 CNRS), 351 cours de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- Laboratory of Physico- and Toxico-Chemistry of the Environment (LPTC), University Bordeaux 1, Oceanic and Continental Environments and Paleoenvironments (EPOC, UMR 5805 CNRS), 351 cours de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Kari K Lehtonen
- Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, Agnes Sjöbergin katu 2, FI-00790, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Murray KJ, Shea D, Boehm PD. Development of a computational method to quantify the partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seawater into dissolved and droplet forms. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 153:110955. [PMID: 32275519 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.110955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ecological risk and potential injury from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from spilled crude oil in water is dependent on whether they are dissolved or associated with droplets/particles. Using oil collected from the Deepwater Horizon incident, laboratory experiments were conducted to develop a computational method to determine the physical state of PAHs in sampled seawater and compare these to results from methods designed to physically separate dissolved and droplet oil used during the spill. The analytical results were used to develop a method to calculate droplet/particulate concentrations from unfractionated water samples based on oil composition and allocation of minimally soluble oil components to the droplet fraction. The computational method is less labor-intensive and costly than field fractionation and can be used to optimize the use of previously collected data. The results also showed that physical separation can result in insoluble high-molecular-weight PAHs being present in the filtrate (i.e., the "dissolved" fraction), potentially leading to an overestimate of dissolved components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Murray
- Exponent, Inc., 1 Mill and Main Place, Suite 150, Maynard, MA 01754, United States.
| | - Damian Shea
- Statera Environmental, Inc., 617 Hutton Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
| | - Paul D Boehm
- Exponent, Inc., 1 Mill and Main Place, Suite 150, Maynard, MA 01754, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Valizadeh Kakhki F, Zakaria MP, Mohammadi M, Aris AZ, Tajik H. Fingerprinting Techniques Investigation to Detect Petroleum Hydrocarbon Origin in Coastal Sediments of Persian Gulf. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2018.1441885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamad Pauzi Zakaria
- Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Kuala Lampour, Malaysia
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Persian Gulf University, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environmental Forensics, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hassan Tajik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Guilan, Science, Rasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Parinos C, Hatzianestis I, Chourdaki S, Plakidi E, Gogou A. Imprint and short-term fate of the Agia Zoni II tanker oil spill on the marine ecosystem of Saronikos Gulf. Sci Total Environ 2019; 693:133568. [PMID: 31365897 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study we investigate the spatial and temporal imprint of the September 2017 Agia Zoni II tanker heavy fuel oil spill on the marine ecosystem of Saronikos Gulf (Greece). Based on the chemical fingerprinting approach, by means of gas chromatography - flame ionization detector, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the use of various diagnostic ratios, we characterize changes in the composition of the spilled oil at various sampling sites and evaluate major mechanisms affecting its fate i.e. dissolution/dispersion, evaporation, biodegradation, photo-oxidation and sedimentation during the first six months from the spill. Overall, the main effects of the incident were confined to the coastal zone during the first three months after the spill, where an extended petroleum imprint was recorded in many cases, with the determined concentrations of the total petroleum hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons falling within the highest range of concentrations previously reported for similar oil spill incidents worldwide. In the first three months following the spill the oil was affected by a combination of volatilization, rapid biodegradation and photodegradation, the later playing a role in its early days weathering. Concerning sediments, an imprint related to the incident was recorded in a few cases, being, however, mild in respect to the high chronic petroleum-associated anthropogenic background of the impacted area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Parinos
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece.
| | - I Hatzianestis
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece
| | - S Chourdaki
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece
| | - E Plakidi
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece
| | - A Gogou
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lima D, Mattos JJ, Piazza RS, Righetti BPH, Monteiro JS, Grott SC, Alves TC, Taniguchi S, Bícego MC, de Almeida EA, Bebianno MJ, Medeiros ID, Bainy ACD. Stress responses in Crassostrea gasar exposed to combined effects of acute pH changes and phenanthrene. Sci Total Environ 2019; 678:585-593. [PMID: 31078849 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification is a result of the decrease in the pH of marine water, caused mainly by the increase in CO2 released in the atmosphere and its consequent dissolution in seawater. These changes can be dramatic for marine organisms especially for oysters Crassostrea gasar if other stressors such as xenobiotics are present. The effect of pH changes (6.5, 7.0 and 8.2) was assessed on the transcript levels of biotransformation [cytochromes P450 (CYP2AU1, CYP2-like2) and glutathione S-transferase (GSTΩ-like)] and antioxidant [superoxide dismutase (SOD-like), catalase (CAT-like) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx-like)] genes, as well as enzyme activities [superoxide dismutase, (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferases transferase (GST) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH)] and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the gills of Crassostrea gasar exposed to 100 μg·L-1 of phenanthrene (PHE) for 24 and 96 h. Likewise, the PHE burdens was evaluated in whole soft tissues of exposed oysters. The accumulation of PHE in oysters was independent of pH. However, acidification promoted a significant decrease in the transcript levels of some protective genes (24 h exposure: CYP2AU1 and GSTΩ-like; 96 h exposure: CAT-like and GPx-like), which was not observed in the presence of PHE. Activities of GST, CAT and SOD enzymes increased in the oysters exposed to PHE at the control pH (8.2), but at a lower pH values, this activation was suppressed, and no changes were observed in the G6PDH activity and MDA levels. Biotransformation genes showed better responses after 24 h, and antioxidant-coding genes after 96 h, along with the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT), probably because biotransformation of PHE increases the generation of reactive oxygen species. The lack of change in MDA levels suggests that antioxidant modulation efficiently prevented oxidative stress. The effect of pH on the responses to PHE exposure should be taken into account before using these and any other genes as potential molecular biomarkers for PHE exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daína Lima
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jacó J Mattos
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Rômi S Piazza
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Pacheco Harrison Righetti
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jhonatas S Monteiro
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Marine Sciences Institute, Federal University of São Paulo (IMar-UNIFESP), Santos 11070-100, Brazil
| | - Suelen Cristina Grott
- Center of Aquatic Toxicology Studies, Department of Natural Sciences, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Thiago Caique Alves
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia Caruso Bícego
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Alves de Almeida
- Center of Aquatic Toxicology Studies, Department of Natural Sciences, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria J Bebianno
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; CIMA, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8000-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Igor D Medeiros
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Marine Sciences Institute, Federal University of São Paulo (IMar-UNIFESP), Santos 11070-100, Brazil
| | - Afonso C D Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Stakėnienė R, Jokšas K, Galkus A, Raudonytė-Svirbutavičienė E. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments from the Curonian Lagoon and the Nemunas River Delta (Lithuania, Baltic Sea): distribution, origin, and suggestions for the monitoring program. Environ Monit Assess 2019; 191:212. [PMID: 30852690 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7367-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Curonian Lagoon is the largest lagoon in the Baltic Sea region suffering from a great anthropogenic pressure. Pollution sources within the Nemunas River basin and those within the Klaipėda Port are the main threats to this sensitive water area. For the first time, such a detailed study on 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon distribution, origin, and ecological risks was carried out in the Curonian Lagoon and the Nemunas River Delta. Total PAH concentration ranged from 5.6 to 528.4 ng g-1 d.w., demonstrating low to moderate pollution. The main identified PAH sources were vehicular and biomass emission, petroleum product spills, and coal combustion. A particularly high naphthalene concentration posing adverse biological effects was detected in the Nemunas River Delta region. Occasional adverse biological effects related to acenaphthene and dibenzo(a)anthracene might be observed in several Curonian Lagoon locations. The data obtained could serve for the improvement of the current regional environmental monitoring program: it reveals the need to take into account different sedimentary environments while choosing sampling locations. In addition to that, more PAHs could be included to the hazardous substance list.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rimutė Stakėnienė
- Institute of Geology and Geography, SRI Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, Room 608, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kęstutis Jokšas
- Institute of Geology and Geography, SRI Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, Room 608, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arūnas Galkus
- Institute of Geology and Geography, SRI Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, Room 608, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Eva Raudonytė-Svirbutavičienė
- Institute of Geology and Geography, SRI Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, Room 608, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Khpalwak W, Jadoon WA, Abdel-Dayem SM, Sakugawa H. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban road dust, Afghanistan: Implications for human health. Chemosphere 2019; 218:517-526. [PMID: 30500712 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in road and aerial dust to assess their concentration, composition profile, distribution, emission sources, and potential human health risks. Sixteen priority PAHs and Benzo [e]pyrene (BeP) were analyzed in 13 aerial dust samples from Jalalabad, and 78 road dust samples from Kabul and Jalalabad cities, Afghanistan. The mean concentration of ∑17PAHs in road dust from Kabul and Jalalabad were 427 μg kg-1 and 288 μg kg-1, respectively whereas ∑17PAHs in aerial dust from Jalalabad averaged 200 μg kg-1. Fluoranthene (Flu), Chrysene (Chr), Benzo [b]fluoranthene (BbF), Benzo [k]fluoranthene (BkF) and BeP were major individual PAH species. The composition patterns of the PAHs were dominated by 5-6-ring PAHs (51% in road dust from Kabul; 44% in road dust from Jalalabad; and 44% in aerial dust) followed by 4-ring and 2-3-ring PAHs. Source apportionment of the road dust PAHs by the molecular diagnostic ratios (MDR) and principal component analysis (PCA), indicated signatures of PAHs sources (including vehicular exhaust, coal/wood combustion and oil spill). The Benzo [a]pyrene (BaP) toxicity equivalent values (BaPeq17PAHs) for road dust were 75 μg kg-1 (Kabul) and 36 μg kg-1 (Jalalabad); and 35 μg kg-1 for aerial dust (Jalalabad). BaP and Dibenz [a,h]anthracene (DahA) together contributed > 50% of the BaPeq associated cancer risk. All incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) due to human exposure to road and aerial dust PAHs were in the order of 10-7, which is one-fold lower than the threshold (10-6). The noncancerous risk (Hazard Index < 1) on exposure to dust was also negligible for both subpopulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wahdatullah Khpalwak
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Japan; Faculty of Agriculture, Nangarhar University, Afghanistan
| | | | - Sherif M Abdel-Dayem
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Japan; Department of Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Hiroshi Sakugawa
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Masood N, Halimoon N, Aris AZ, Zakaria MP, Vaezzadeh V, Magam SM, Mustafa S, Ali MM, Keshavarzifard M, Alkhadher SAA, Bong CW, Alsalahi MA. Seasonal variability of anthropogenic indices of PAHs in sediment from the Kuala Selangor River, west coast Peninsular Malaysia. Environ Geochem Health 2018; 40:2551-2572. [PMID: 29802607 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0122-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rapid increase in industrialization and urbanization in the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia has led to the intense release of petroleum and products of petroleum into the environment. Surface sediment samples were collected from the Selangor River in the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia during four climatic seasons and analyzed for PAHs and biomarkers (hopanes). Sediments were soxhlet extracted and further purified and fractionated through first and second step column chromatography. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for analysis of PAHs and hopanes fractions. The average concentrations of total PAHs ranged from 219.7 to 672.3 ng g-1 dw. The highest concentrations of PAHs were detected at 964.7 ng g-1 dw in station S5 in the mouth of the Selangor River during the wet inter-monsoonal season. Both pyrogenic and petrogenic PAHs were detected in the sediments with a predominance of the former. The composition of hopanes was homogeneous showing that petroleum hydrocarbons share an identical source in the study area. Diagnostic ratios of hopanes indicated that some of the sediment samples carry the crankcase oil signature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najat Masood
- Environmental Forensics Laboratory, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Normala Halimoon
- Environmental Forensics Laboratory, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Environmental Forensics Laboratory, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Pauzi Zakaria
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vahab Vaezzadeh
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sami M Magam
- Environmental Forensics Laboratory, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shuhaimi Mustafa
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 4300, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Masni Mohd Ali
- School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Sadeq Abdullah Abdo Alkhadher
- Environmental Forensics Laboratory, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chui Wei Bong
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Murad Ali Alsalahi
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Pollution, Faculty of Marine Science and Environment, Hodeidah University, Hodeidah, Yemen
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ben Othman H, Lanouguère É, Got P, Sakka Hlaili A, Leboulanger C. Structural and functional responses of coastal marine phytoplankton communities to PAH mixtures. Chemosphere 2018; 209:908-919. [PMID: 30114740 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) mixtures was evaluated on natural phytoplankton communities sampled from lagoons of Bizerte (South-western Mediterranean Sea) and Thau (North-western Mediterranean Sea). PAHs induced short-term dose and ecosystem-dependant decreases in photosynthetic potential. Chlorophyll a was negatively affected by increasing PAHs concentrations, together with dramatic changes in phytoplankton community composition. Size classes were strongly affected in the Bizerte compare to the Thau lagoon, with a decrease in nano- and microphytoplankton densities compare to picophytoplankton. In both locations, the diatom Entomoneis paludosa appeared favoured under PAH exposure as evidenced by increase in cell density, whereas autotrophic flagellates and dinophytes were strongly reduced. Smaller cells were more tolerant to exposure to highest PAHs concentrations, with persistent picophytoplankton carbon biomass at the end of the incubations. Apparent recovery of photosynthetic potential, accompanied with a regrowth of chlorophyll a under the lowest PAH doses, coincided with a significantly altered community composition in both lagoons. Furthermore, sensitivity to PAHs was not related to the phytoplankton cell size, and toxicity-induced modification of top-down control by grazers during the experiment cannot be excluded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Ben Othman
- LMI COSYS-MED, UMR 248 MARBEC, IRD-CNRS- Université Montpellier-Ifremer, Avenue Jean Monnet, F-34200 Sète, France; LMI COSYS-MED, Laboratoire de Phytoplanctonologie, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Zarzouna 7021, Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Élodie Lanouguère
- LMI COSYS-MED, UMR 248 MARBEC, IRD-CNRS- Université Montpellier-Ifremer, Avenue Jean Monnet, F-34200 Sète, France
| | - Patrice Got
- LMI COSYS-MED, UMR 248 MARBEC, IRD-CNRS- Université Montpellier-Ifremer, Avenue Jean Monnet, F-34200 Sète, France
| | - Asma Sakka Hlaili
- LMI COSYS-MED, Laboratoire de Phytoplanctonologie, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Zarzouna 7021, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Christophe Leboulanger
- LMI COSYS-MED, UMR 248 MARBEC, IRD-CNRS- Université Montpellier-Ifremer, Avenue Jean Monnet, F-34200 Sète, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Duan M, Xiong D, Bai X, Gao Y, Xiong Y, Gao X, Ding G. Transgenerational effects of heavy fuel oil on the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius considering oxidative stress biomarkers. Mar Environ Res 2018; 141:138-147. [PMID: 30177415 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stranding of oil onto a coastline after an oil spill threatens the health of marine benthic organisms. Here, the transgenerational effects of exposure to stranded heavy fuel oil (HFO) on the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius were assessed. The column containing gravel coated with HFO was prepared in the laboratory to simulate HFO-contaminated gravel shorelines. Adult sea urchins were exposed for 21 days to either a HFO-oiled gravel column at the oil loading of 3000 μg oil/g gravel or a non-HFO-oiled gravel column (as the control treatment) and then offspring were either exposed to HFO or ambient seawater conditions. The sublethal exposure to HFO for 21 days induced polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) accumulation in gonads, accompanied by increased levels of oxidative lipid, protein and DNA damage and a reduction in total antioxidant capacity. Analysis of gametes indicated that both maternal and paternal exposure could result in the transfer of PAHs and DNA damage to their offspring. Parental (maternal, paternal or both) exposure to HFO caused increases in malformation rates of offspring compared to those from control parents under ambient seawater condition. Continued HFO exposure in the offspring resulted in further increased malformation rates compared with those reared in ambient seawater, as well as oxidative lipid, protein and DNA damage. Furthermore, mother exposure history reduced the total antioxidant capacity of larvae to response to continued HFO exposure. Overall, the results suggest an increased sensitivity to toxic effects of HFO in larvae from exposed both parents compared with those from control parents in S. intermedius, which may consequently affect the recruitment and population maintenance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meina Duan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, Liaoning, China
| | - Deqi Xiong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xue Bai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, Liaoning, China
| | - Yali Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, Liaoning, China
| | - Yijun Xiong
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Grinnell College, 1115 8th Ave, Grinnell, IA, 50112, USA
| | - Xiang Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, Liaoning, China
| | - Guanghui Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, Liaoning, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Magi E, Di Carro M. Marine environment pollution: The contribution of mass spectrometry to the study of seawater. Mass Spectrom Rev 2018; 37:492-512. [PMID: 27611504 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The study of marine pollution has been traditionally addressed to persistent chemicals, generally known as priority pollutants; a current trend in environmental analysis is a shift toward "emerging pollutants," defined as newly identified or previously unrecognized contaminants. The present review is focused on the peculiar contribution of mass spectrometry (MS) to the study of pollutants in the seawater compartment. The work is organized in five paragraphs where the most relevant groups of pollutants, both "classical" and "emerging," are presented and discussed, highlighting the relative data obtained by the means of different MS techniques. The hyphenation of MS and separative techniques, together with the development of different ion sources, makes MS and tandem MS the analytical tool of choice for the determination of trace organic contaminants in seawater. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:492-512, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Magi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Di Carro
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Arruda-Santos RHD, Schettini CAF, Yogui GT, Maciel DC, Zanardi-Lamardo E. Sources and distribution of aromatic hydrocarbons in a tropical marine protected area estuary under influence of sugarcane cultivation. Sci Total Environ 2018; 624:935-944. [PMID: 29275256 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Goiana estuary is a well preserved marine protected area (MPA) located on the northeastern coast of Brazil. Despite its current state, human activities in the watershed represent a potential threat to long term local preservation. Dissolved/dispersed aromatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in water and sediments across the estuarine salt gradient. Concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons was low in all samples. According to results, aromatic hydrocarbons are associated to suspended particulate matter (SPM) carried to the estuary by river waters. An estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) was identified in the upper estuary, indicating that both sediments and contaminants are trapped prior to an occasional export to the adjacent sea. PAHs distribution in sediments were associated with organic matter and mud content. Diagnostic ratios indicated pyrolytic processes as the main local source of PAHs that are probably associated with sugarcane burning and combustion engines. Low PAH concentrations probably do not cause adverse biological effects to the local biota although their presence indicate anthropogenic contamination and pressure on the Goiana estuary MPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gilvan Takeshi Yogui
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Recife, PE CEP: 50740-550, Brazil.
| | - Daniele Claudino Maciel
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Recife, PE CEP: 50740-550, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Recife, PE CEP: 50740-550, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Magnusson K, Jalkanen JP, Johansson L, Smailys V, Telemo P, Winnes H. Risk assessment of bilge water discharges in two Baltic shipping lanes. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 126:575-584. [PMID: 28982478 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental concentrations and effects of bilge water contaminants in two Baltic Sea areas were estimated from modelling of discharge rates and analytical data on bilge water from seven ships. Biodegradation of bilge water oil was accounted for and annual water concentrations were estimated to peak in late spring, which coincides with the beginning of a period with extensive biological activities in the sea. Concentrations on bilge water metals were calculated both as water concentrations and as the annual contribution of metals to sediments. The predicted bilge water concentrations of oil and metal in the marine environment were estimated to be 4 to 8 orders of magnitude lower than reported toxic concentrations. However, available toxicity data are based on short term exposure and there is to date limited information on toxic effects of the small but chronically elevated contaminant concentrations derived from bilge water discharge and other operational shipping activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Magnusson
- IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Lovén Center of Marine Sciences, Kristineberg, SE-451 78 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden.
| | - Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda LT92294, Lithuania
| | - Lasse Johansson
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda LT92294, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Smailys
- Marine research Laboratory, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, LT92294, Lithuania
| | - Paul Telemo
- School of Economics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Hulda Winnes
- IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen CC, Tew KS, Ho PH, Ko FC, Hsieh HY, Meng PJ. The impact of two oil spill events on the water quality along coastal area of Kenting National Park, southern Taiwan. Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 124:974-983. [PMID: 28238329 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In 2009, the container ship Colombo Queen and the oil tanker W-O BUDMO grounded off Jialeshui and Houwan, respectively, in southern Taiwan. Water quality was monitored at each site to evaluate the environmental impact caused by the resulting oil spills. The results show that the PAHs, turbidity, and other nutrients increased shortly after oil spill, however levels of these parameters eventually returned to baseline levels. On the other hand, DO saturation, pH and chl. a decreased initially, reached maxima after 10days, and returned to the baseline levels after 14days. The chl. a concentration, pH and DO saturation fluctuated in a similar pattern at both sites during the oil spills, likely driven by algal blooms. In this study, we documented a full environmental recovery at coastal areas before, during and after the oil spills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chi Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Kwee Siong Tew
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Checheng, Pingtung 944, Taiwan; Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong-Hwa University, Checheng, Pingtung 944, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ho Ho
- Institute of Fishery and Environmental Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Chi Ko
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Checheng, Pingtung 944, Taiwan; Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong-Hwa University, Checheng, Pingtung 944, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yen Hsieh
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Checheng, Pingtung 944, Taiwan; Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong-Hwa University, Checheng, Pingtung 944, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Jie Meng
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Checheng, Pingtung 944, Taiwan; Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong-Hwa University, Checheng, Pingtung 944, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pan L, Zhang M, Jin Q, Ji R. Multi-biomarker approach in the scallop Chlamys farreri to assess PAHs pollution in Qingdao coastal areas of China. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2017; 19:1387-1403. [PMID: 28933499 DOI: 10.1039/c7em00186j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A multi-biomarker approach was conducted in the scallop Chlamys farreri from three sites, denoted here as S1, S2, and S3, in Qingdao coastal areas of China in March, June, September and December 2014 to assess pollution from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and to select appropriate biomarkers. A suite of biological responses of the gills and digestive glands of the scallops was assayed, including: (i) phase I detoxification enzymes of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), epoxide hydrolase (EH), and dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DD) and phase II detoxification enzymes of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and sulfotransferase (SULT); (ii) antioxidant enzymes: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx); (iii) oxidative damage parameters: lipid peroxidation (LPO) expressed by malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, protein carbonylation (PC) and DNA damage (F value); and (iv) the metabolism-related genes of EH, DD, GST, SULT and SOD. Simultaneously, the concentrations of total PAHs along with 16 types of PAHs previously identified by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and environmental parameters, including temperature and salinity together with pH, were measured. Using Principle Component Analysis (PCA), it was revealed that S2 was the most PAH-contaminated site, while S1 was identified as the least PAH-polluted site, which was consistent with the results utilizing the Biomarker Response Index (BRI); in other words, the biological health status of S2 was worse than S1 and S3. Moreover, the most suitable biomarkers to assess PAH pollution in Qingdao coastal areas proved to be DD mRNA expression and the F value in both the gills and digestive glands for the total PAHs, DD activity and PC contents or PC and MDA contents in the gills or digestive glands for 5 + 6 rings PAHs and DD mRNA expression in both the gills and digestive glands for 2 + 3 rings and 4 rings PAHs. Moreover, this study highlighted the possible use of the scallop Chlamys farreri for studying contamination due to PAHs and provided valuable information on environmental assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Fisheries College, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, 266003, Qingdao, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhao Z, Qin Z, Cao J, Xia L. Source and Ecological Risk Characteristics of PAHs in Sediments from Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing, China. J CHEM-NY 2017; 2017:1-18. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/3510796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate the residual characteristics, sources, and ecological risk of PAHs in sediment from urban rivers, the sediments of 15 typical sites from Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake, which are typical urban rivers and lake, were collected from October 2015 to July 2016; the sources of PAHs in sediment were also identified by several methods. Results showed that ∑PAHs concentration in sediment ranged from 796.2 ng/g to 10,470 ng/g with an average of 2,713.8 ng/g. High molecular weight PAHs with 4-5 rings were most prominent in the sediment during all four seasons. Source characterization studies based on the analysis of diagnostic ratio (triangular plot method), cluster analysis, and positive factor matrix analysis suggested that the PAHs of Qinhuai River Basin were mainly from pyrogenic origin (biomass and coal combustion and vehicular emission), and the petroleum source also cannot be ignored (specially in summer). Most individual PAHs occasionally affect the aquatic organisms. The highest benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent doses (BaPeq dose) appear at the sites of sewage discharge and heavy traffic. So, the PAHs pollution sources of urban water body have obvious seasonal-dependent and human activities-dependent characteristics.
Collapse
|
28
|
Perrichon P, Le Menach K, Akcha F, Cachot J, Budzinski H, Bustamante P. Toxicity assessment of water-accommodated fractions from two different oils using a zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo-larval bioassay with a multilevel approach. Sci Total Environ 2016; 568:952-966. [PMID: 27312275 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum compounds from chronic discharges and oil spills represent an important source of environmental pollution. To better understand the deleterious effects of these compounds, the toxicity of water-accommodated fractions (WAF) from two different oils (brut Arabian Light and Erika heavy fuel oils) were used in this study. Zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) were exposed during 96h at three WAF concentrations (1, 10 and 100% for Arabian Light and 10, 50 and 100% for Erika) in order to cover a wide range of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations, representative of the levels found after environmental oil spills. Several endpoints were recorded at different levels of biological organization, including lethal endpoints, morphological abnormalities, photomotor behavioral responses, cardiac activity, DNA damage and exposure level measurements (EROD activity, cyp1a and PAH metabolites). Neither morphological nor behavioral or physiological alterations were observed after exposure to Arabian Light fractions. In contrast, the Erika fractions led a high degree of toxicity in early life stages of zebrafish. Despite of defense mechanisms induced by oil, acute toxic effects have been recorded including mortality, delayed hatching, high rates of developmental abnormalities, disrupted locomotor activity and cardiac failures at the highest PAH concentrations (∑TPAHs=257,029±47,231ng·L(-1)). Such differences in toxicity are likely related to the oil composition. The use of developing zebrafish is a good tool to identify wide range of detrimental effects and elucidate their underlying foundations. Our work highlights once more, the cardiotoxic action (and potentially neurotoxic) of petroleum-related PAHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prescilla Perrichon
- Ifremer, Laboratoire Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie, L'Houmeau/Nantes, France; Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, UMRi 7266, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France.
| | - Karyn Le Menach
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, avenue des Facultés, F33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Farida Akcha
- Ifremer, Laboratoire Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie, L'Houmeau/Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, avenue des Facultés, F33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, avenue des Facultés, F33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Paco Bustamante
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, UMRi 7266, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Singare PU. Carcinogenic and endocrine-disrupting PAHs in the aquatic ecosystem of India. Environ Monit Assess 2016; 188:599. [PMID: 27696093 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5597-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The quantification studies of 17 carcinogenic and endocrine-disrupting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Mithi River polluting the Mahim Creek near Mumbai were performed to understand their sources and probable ecological risk. The overall concentration level of ΣPAHs was 157.96 ± 18.99 μg L-1, while that of carcinogenic PAHs (ΣC-PAHs) was 81.31 ± 9.75 μg L-1, which corresponds to 51.5 % of the ΣPAHs. The source analysis of PAH pollution was made on the basis of different PAH ratios. It was observed that the probable PAH contamination was due to pyrogenic inputs arising due to the combustion of grass, wood, and coal as well as due to the combustion of diesel and gasoline. Toxicity and biological risk assessment was made using toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) for various C-PAHs. The results of our study showed that the mean BaP concentration in the Mithi River water (8.61 μg L-1) was above the European Directive 2008/105/EC Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) value of 0.05 μg L-1, while the levels of benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF) + benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF) (21.54 μg L-1) and benzo(g,h,i)perylene (BghiP) + indeno(1,2,3,-c,d) pyrene (InP) (18.27 μg L-1) were significantly higher than that set by the EQS (0.03 and 0.002 μg L-1, respectively), showing that the ecological integrity of the river and the adjoining creek is possibly at risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pravin U Singare
- Department of Chemistry, Bhavan's College, Munshi Nagar, Andheri (West), Mumbai, 400058, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
The spiked samples of phenanthrene on the soil surfaces were irradiated in presence of akaganeite nano-rods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Sciences
- IFTM University
- Moradabad-244102
- India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lifshitz N, St Clair CC. Coloured ornamental traits could be effective and non-invasive indicators of pollution exposure for wildlife. Conserv Physiol 2016; 4:cow028. [PMID: 27766151 PMCID: PMC5069843 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cow028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Growth in human populations causes habitat degradation for other species, which is usually gauged by physical changes to landscapes. Corresponding habitat degradation to air and water is also common, but its effects on individuals can be difficult to detect until they result in the decline or disappearance of populations. More proactive measures of pollution usually combine abiotic samples of soil, water or air with invasive sampling of expendable species, but this approach sometimes creates ethical dilemmas and has limited application for threatened species. Here, we describe the potential to measure the effects of pollution on many species of birds and fish by using ornamental traits that are expressed as coloured skin, feathers and scales. As products of sexual selection, these traits are sensitive to environmental conditions, thereby providing honest information about the condition of their bearers as ready-made biomarkers. We review the documented effects of several classes of pollutants, including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, industry-related compounds and metals, on two classes of colour pigments, namely melanins and carotenoids. We find that several pollutants impede the expression of both carotenoids and brown melanin, while enhancing traits coloured by black melanin. We also review some of the current limitations of using ornamental colour as an indicator of pollution exposure, suggest avenues for future research and speculate about how advances in robotics and remote imagery will soon make it possible to measure these traits remotely and in a non-invasive manner. Wider awareness of this potential by conservation managers could foster the development of suitable model species and comparative metrics and lay a foundation for pollution monitoring that is more generalizable and biologically relevant than existing standards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Lifshitz
- Corresponding author: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Z-708, 11455 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E9. Tel: +1 780 492 9685.
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Alves TM, Kokinou E, Zodiatis G, Lardner R, Panagiotakis C, Radhakrishnan H. Modelling of oil spills in confined maritime basins: The case for early response in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Environ Pollut 2015; 206:390-399. [PMID: 26253313 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Oil spill models are combined with bathymetric, meteorological, oceanographic, and geomorphological data to model a series of oil spill accidents in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. A total of 104 oil spill simulations, computed for 11 different locations in the Levantine Basin, show that oil slicks will reach the coast of Cyprus in four (4) to seven (7) days in summer conditions. Oil slick trajectories are controlled by prevailing winds and current eddies. Based on these results, we support the use of chemical dispersants in the very few hours after large accidental oil spills. As a corollary, we show shoreline susceptibility to vary depending on: a) differences in coastline morphology and exposure to wave action, b) the existence of uplifted wave-cut platforms, coastal lagoons and pools, and c) the presence of tourist and protected environmental areas. Mitigation work should take into account the relatively high susceptibility of parts of the Eastern Mediterranean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago M Alves
- 3D Seismic Lab, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building-Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom.
| | - Eleni Kokinou
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Technological Educational Institute Crete, 3 Romanou Str. Chalepa, Chania, Crete GR 73133, Greece.
| | - George Zodiatis
- Oceanography Centre, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Robin Lardner
- Oceanography Centre, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Costas Panagiotakis
- Department of Business Administration, Technological Educational Institute Crete, Agios Nikolaos, Greece.
| | - Hari Radhakrishnan
- Oceanography Centre, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Louvado A, Gomes NCM, Simões MMQ, Almeida A, Cleary DFR, Cunha A. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in deep sea sediments: Microbe-pollutant interactions in a remote environment. Sci Total Environ 2015; 526:312-328. [PMID: 25965373 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recalcitrant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) released into seawater end up in the deep sea sediments (DSSs). However, their fate here is often oversimplified by theoretical models. Biodegradation of PAHs in DSSs, is assumed to be similar to biodegradation in surface habitats, despite high hydrostatic pressures and low temperatures that should significantly limit PAH biodegradation. Bacteria residing in the DSSs (related mainly to α- and γ-Proteobacteria) have been shown to or predicted to possess distinct genes, enzymes and metabolic pathways, indicating an adaptation of these bacterial communities to the psychro-peizophilic conditions of the DSSs. This work summarizes some of the most recent research on DSS hydrocarbonoclastic populations and mechanisms of PAH degradation and discusses the challenges posed by future high CO2 and UV climate scenarios on biodegradation of PAHs in DSSs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Louvado
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - N C M Gomes
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M M Q Simões
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - A Almeida
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - D F R Cleary
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - A Cunha
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Duan X, Liu J, Zhang D, Yin P, Li Y, Li X. An assessment of human influences on sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the estuarine and coastal sediments of China. Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 97:309-318. [PMID: 26073798 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sediments collected from the coastal area of China, embracing west coast of Bohai Sea, south coast of Shandong Peninsula, and the Changjiang estuary (listed in order of decreasing north latitude), were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). ∑PAH (Sixteen US EPA priority PAHs) were 2.7-350.9ng/g. Petroleum residue was the major contributor of PAHs in the coastal sediments of China due to oil leakage from ships and offshore oil fields. The contribution of vehicular emissions in coast of North China was significantly lower than that in the Changjiang Estuary, and the reverse was true for coal combustion. PAH concentrations in the sediment core of the Changjiang estuary steadily increased upward and the variation was primarily due to economic development and severe floods. The impact on PAHs by vehicular emissions (37.2%) and petrogenic sources (45.8%) overwhelmed combustion sources (17.0%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Duan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environmental Geology, Ministry of Land and Resources, Qingdao 266071, China; Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geological Survey, Qingdao 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jinqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environmental Geology, Ministry of Land and Resources, Qingdao 266071, China; Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geological Survey, Qingdao 266071, China; College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Daolai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environmental Geology, Ministry of Land and Resources, Qingdao 266071, China; Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geological Survey, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ping Yin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environmental Geology, Ministry of Land and Resources, Qingdao 266071, China; Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geological Survey, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Yanxia Li
- Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Xianguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ternon E, Tolosa I. Comprehensive analytical methodology to determine hydrocarbons in marine waters using extraction disks coupled to glass fiber filters and compound-specific isotope analyses. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1404:10-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
36
|
Abstract
A scalable, one pot hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO nanowire converted commodity filter papers to efficient oil/water separators. The coated filter paper exhibited superhydrophilic and superoleophobic properties in ambient and underwater conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Scion
- Rotorua 3046
- New Zealand
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering
- University of Alberta
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - Hyun-Joong Chung
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - John A. Nychka
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Panigrahy PK, Satapathy DR, Panda CR, Kar RN. Dispersion pattern of petroleum hydrocarbon in coastal water of Bay of Bengal along Odisha and West Bengal, India using geospatial approach. Environ Monit Assess 2014; 186:8303-8315. [PMID: 25164102 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-014-4004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) concentration was monitored in water of estuaries, ports, and coastal transects up to 10-km distance in East Coast of India once in every year during 2002-2009. The highest concentration was observed at Haldia port (1.60-20.11 μg/l) due to the impact of hydrocarbon discharges from nearby oil refinery, petrochemical industries, handling of crude oils, etc. The concentration of PHC exhibited relatively higher values during low tide than the high tide in all the four estuaries indicating riverine inputs and land-based discharges, which contribute substantial amounts of PHC to the coastal water. Hoogly estuary recorded higher values of PHC (1.17-18.50 μg/l) due to the influence of industrial wastes, land runoff, and port activities. The spatial distribution of PHC estimated by the kriging method showed a variation in concentration of PHC over the whole region. To discriminate the dispersion pattern of PHC, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using a correlation matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P K Panigrahy
- Environment and Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology (IMMT), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751013, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Izagirre U, Garmendia L, Soto M, Etxebarria N, Marigómez I. Health status assessment through an integrative biomarker approach in mussels of different ages with a different history of exposure to the Prestige oil spill. Sci Total Environ 2014; 493:65-78. [PMID: 24946027 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A battery of cell and tissue-level biomarkers was applied in mussels of 6 size-classes collected from Galicia and the Basque coast in summer 2007 in an attempt to examine the health status of individuals affected as adults (mature before 2003), affected during their developmental or juvenile stages (2003-2004 offspring), or not directly affected by the Prestige oil spill (POS) exposure (presumably 2005-2006 offspring). This battery of biomarkers was akin to those formerly applied on mussels of 3.5-4.5 cm shell length for which there exist biomarker reference values in the studied geographical areas. The cause-effect relationship between biological responses and the different history of exposure to POS fuel oil was intricate for different reasons: (a) growth rate was dissimilar in mussels of the two studied localities and much lower than expected, (b) a chronological basis could not be directly associated to POS events (all mussels except the smallest from Galicia had been subjected to the direct POS impact at one or another stage of their life-cycle); and (c) some biomarkers and histopathology seemingly depended on size/age irrespectively of the locality and the POS chronology. As a whole, the present study gives a very useful set of reference values of biomarkers obtained for Mytilus galloprovincialis of different size-classes. Finally, it is recommended that Mussel Watch programmes should be designed by standardising the age of the sentinel mussels rather than their size, especially if the programme covers large or diverse geographical areas, if long-term trends are relevant or if significant pollution effects on growth are expected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Izagirre
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain; CBET Research Grp, Zoology and Animal Cell Biology Dept., Sci and Technol Fac., University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - L Garmendia
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain; CBET Research Grp, Zoology and Animal Cell Biology Dept., Sci and Technol Fac., University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - M Soto
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain; CBET Research Grp, Zoology and Animal Cell Biology Dept., Sci and Technol Fac., University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - N Etxebarria
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain; IBEA Research Grp, Analytical Chemistry Dept., Sci and Technol Fac., University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - I Marigómez
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain; CBET Research Grp, Zoology and Animal Cell Biology Dept., Sci and Technol Fac., University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Alves TM, Kokinou E, Zodiatis G. A three-step model to assess shoreline and offshore susceptibility to oil spills: the South Aegean (Crete) as an analogue for confined marine basins. Mar Pollut Bull 2014; 86:443-457. [PMID: 25113103 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study combines bathymetric, geomorphological, geological data and oil spill predictions to model the impact of oil spills in two accident scenarios from offshore Crete, Eastern Mediterranean. The aim is to present a new three-step method of use by emergency teams and local authorities in the assessment of shoreline and offshore susceptibility to oil spills. The three-step method comprises: (1) real-time analyses of bathymetric, geomorphological, geological and oceanographic data; (2) oil dispersion simulations under known wind and sea current conditions; and (3) the compilation of final hazard maps based on information from (1) and (2) and on shoreline susceptibility data. The results in this paper show that zones of high to very-high susceptibility around the island of Crete are related to: (a) offshore bathymetric features, including the presence of offshore scarps and seamounts; (b) shoreline geology, and (c) the presence near the shore of sedimentary basins filled with unconsolidated deposits of high permeability. Oil spills, under particular weather and oceanographic conditions, may quickly spread and reach the shoreline 5-96 h after the initial accident. As a corollary of this work, we present the South Aegean region around Crete as a valid case-study for confined marine basins, narrow seaways, or interior seas around island groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago M Alves
- 3D Seismic Lab, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building-Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom.
| | - Eleni Kokinou
- Technological Educational Institute Crete, Department of Environmental & Natural Resources Engineering, 3 Romanou Str. Chalepa, Chania, Crete GR 73133, Greece.
| | - George Zodiatis
- Oceanography Centre, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Holth TF, Eidsvoll DP, Farmen E, Sanders MB, Martínez-Gómez C, Budzinski H, Burgeot T, Guilhermino L, Hylland K. Effects of water accommodated fractions of crude oils and diesel on a suite of biomarkers in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Aquat Toxicol 2014; 154:240-252. [PMID: 24929352 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize concentration- and time-dependent responses in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) following exposure for one and three weeks to the water-soluble fraction (WAF) of three weathered oils: Arabian Light crude oil (ALC), North Sea crude oil (NSC) and ship-diesel. The sum of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in water was highest after one week of exposure and within environmentally relevant concentrations. PAH metabolites in bile confirmed exposure to and uptake of PAHs. Hepatic cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) gene expression (mRNA quantification) increased dramatically following exposure to all three oil types (fold-change up to 165) and there was a time lag between gene and protein expression. Hepatic CYP1A protein concentration and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity were more variable among individuals and treatments than gene expression. EROD activity in liver and gills increased in fish exposed to WAF from the two crude oils, but not in fish exposed to WAF from diesel. Exposure to diesel appeared to induce oxidative stress to a greater extent than exposure to crude oils. Other biomarkers (glutathione S-transferases, acetylcholine esterase, vitellogenin) did not appear to respond to the exposure and hence did not discriminate among oils. Biomarker responses in cod after exposure to weathered crude oils and diesel suggested that the CYP1A system and oxidative stress markers have the highest potential for discriminating among different oil types and to monitor the environmental consequences of spills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T F Holth
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - D P Eidsvoll
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - E Farmen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadaléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - M B Sanders
- CEFAS Weymouth Laboratory, The Nothe, Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, England, United Kingdom
| | - C Martínez-Gómez
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, San Pedro del Pinatar, 30740 Varadero 1, Spain
| | - H Budzinski
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC/LPTC (UMR 5805 CNRS), 351 crs de la Libération, Talence, France
| | - T Burgeot
- IFREMER, Unit of Research in Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Rue de I'lle d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes, France
| | - L Guilhermino
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Ecology & ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, Department of Population Studies, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - K Hylland
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lemos RTDO, de Carvalho PSM, Zanardi-Lamardo E. Petroleum hydrocarbons in water from a Brazilian tropical estuary facing industrial and port development. Mar Pollut Bull 2014; 82:183-188. [PMID: 24680717 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A fast paced industrial and port development has occurred at Suape Estuary, Northeast Brazil, but no information about hydrocarbon concentrations in water is available to this area. Considering that, the contamination level of Suape was determined by UV-Fluorescence in terms of dissolved and/or dispersed petroleum hydrocarbons (DDPHs), during wet and dry seasons. DDPHs ranged between 0.05 and 4.59 μg L(-1) Carmópolis oil equivalents and 0.01-1.39 μg L(-1) chrysene equivalents, indicating DDPHs close to a baseline contamination level. Some relatively high concentrations (>1 μg L(-1)) were probably associated with shipyard operations (hull paintings and ship docking), pollutants remobilization by dredging operations, occasional industrial discharges and oil derivatives released by vessels. DDPHs concentrations were lower in the wet season suggesting that the increased dilution rates caused by rainfall dominated upon the wet deposition of atmospheric combustion-derived PAHs process. Results in this study may be used as baseline to further studies in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Thompson de Oliveira Lemos
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-550 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Sérgio Martins de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática (LabEcotox), Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-550 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang N, Zhang Y, Zhu F, Li J, Liu S, Na P. Adsorption of soluble oil from water to graphene. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2014; 21:6495-6505. [PMID: 24522396 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2504-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of soluble oil to the aquatic environment has started to attract wide attention in recent years. In the present work, we prepare graphene according to oxidation and thermal reduction methods for the removal of soluble oil from the solution. Characterization of the as-prepared graphene are performed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and contact angle analysis. The adsorption behavior of soluble oil on graphene is examined, and the obtained adsorption data are modeled using conventional theoretical models. Adsorption experiments reveal that the adsorption rate of soluble oil on graphene is notably fast, especially for the soluble diesel oil, which could reach equilibrium within 30 min, and the kinetics of adsorption is perfectly consistent with a pseudo-second-order model. Furthermore, it is determined that the adsorption isotherm of soluble diesel oil with graphene fit the Freundlich model best, and graphene has a very strong adsorption capacity for soluble diesel oil in the solution. These results demonstrate that graphene is the material that provided both good adsorptive capacity and good kinetics, implying that it could be used as a promising sorbent for soluble oil removal from wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Turja R, Guimarães L, Nevala A, Kankaanpää H, Korpinen S, Lehtonen KK. Cumulative effects of exposure to cyanobacteria bloom extracts and benzo[a]pyrene on antioxidant defence biomarkers in Gammarus oceanicus (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Toxicon 2014; 78:68-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
44
|
Guigue C, Tedetti M, Ferretto N, Garcia N, Méjanelle L, Goutx M. Spatial and seasonal variabilities of dissolved hydrocarbons in surface waters from the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea: results from one year intensive sampling. Sci Total Environ 2014; 466-467:650-662. [PMID: 23959218 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analysed from surface water collected in continental, harbour and off-shore marine sites from Marseilles coastal area (Northwestern Mediterranean Sea) from February 2011 to February 2012. AH and PAH concentrations were in the range of 0.04-0.53 μgl(-1) and 8.1-405 ngl(-1), respectively. They both displayed seasonal and spatial variations in their concentrations and molecular composition. The lowest AH concentrations were found in summer and the highest PAH concentrations in winter. Both natural and anthropogenic (pyrogenic and petrogenic) hydrocarbon sources were identified. In winter, concentrations and composition patterns highlighted an increase in the signature of unburned and combusted fossil fuels, while they suggested an enhancement of weathering processes in summer months. Hydrocarbon inputs to the dissolved phase seemed to originate mainly from the atmosphere and the Rhône River. Hydrocarbon additional sources were identified only at the harbour site, emphasising the intense shipping traffic and industrial activities occurring in one of the most important Mediterranean harbours. This study underscores the strong dynamics of dissolved hydrocarbons and the uncoupling of the sources, transport and removing processes affecting AHs and PAHs. It also demonstrates the pertinence of taking this dynamics into account for the budget assessments of organic pollutants in coastal environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Guigue
- Aix-Marseille University, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), 13288 Marseille, Cedex 9, France; Université du Sud Toulon-Var, 83957 La Garde Cedex, France; CNRS-INSU/IRD UM 110.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hong PKA, Xiao T. Treatment of oil spill water by ozonation and sand filtration. Chemosphere 2013; 91:641-647. [PMID: 23394956 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Increasing volumes of crude oil being produced and transported throughout the world in recent decades have resulted in increased risks of spill and high-profile spill incidents of significant environmental and ecological impacts over extended periods of time. While immediate in situ and ex situ responses have been implemented, none are available for onsite treatment of contaminated water for immediate release of the treated water. We demonstrate here a potential treatment scheme involving ozonation and sand filtration intended for immediate treatment and discharge of the impacted water. Waters of tap, Utah Lake, and Great Salt Lake sources were spiked with crude oil of the Great Natural Butte of Utah at 2.5% and 0.025% oil (v/v) and tested for treatment. The results showed near complete removal (100%) of both Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and oil and grease (O&G) from initially 20000 and 11000 mg L(-1), respectively, via flotation pretreatment, ozonation in pressure cycles, and sand filtration. At lower oil level of 0.025%, complete removal of COD and O&G from waters were achieved without floatation. The treated waters showed reduction of turbidity to <1 from 4000 NTU and high Biochemical Oxygen Demand/COD ratio of 0.3-0.5 that reflected highly biodegradable residual organics. The results showed synergistic oil removal when two well practiced methods, namely ozonation and sand filtration that either alone seems ineffective, are combined sequentially. It indicates a potential on-site treatment response for oil spill incidents where the collection and transport of a large amount of contaminated water may be avoided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P K Andy Hong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
To understand the impact of the Deepwater Horizon well blowout on dissolved trace element concentrations, samples were collected from areas around the oil rig explosion site during four cruises in early and late May 2010, October 2010, and October 2011. In surface waters, Ba, Fe, Cu, Ni, Mn, and Co were relatively well correlated with salinity during all cruises, suggesting mixing with river water was the main influence on metal distributions in these waters. However, in deep oil/gas plumes (1000-1400 m depth), modestly elevated concentrations of Co and Ba were observed in late May, compared with postblowout conditions. Analysis of the oil itself along with leaching experiments confirm the oil as the source of the Co, whereas increased Ba was likely due to drilling mud used in the top kill attempt. Deep plume dissolved Mn largely reflected natural benthic input, though some samples showed slight elevation probably associated with the top kill. Dissolved Fe concentrations were low and also appeared largely topographically controlled and reflective of benthic input. Estimates suggest that microbial Fe demand may have affected the Fe distribution but probably not to the extent of Fe becoming a growth-limiting factor. Experiments showed that the dispersant can have some limited impact on dissolved-particulate metal partitioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- DongJoo Joung
- Department of Marine Science, The University of Southern Mississippi , 1020 Balch Blvd. Stennis Space Center, Mississippi 39529, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Le Dû-Lacoste M, Akcha F, Dévier MH, Morin B, Burgeot T, Budzinski H. Comparative study of different exposure routes on the biotransformation and genotoxicity of PAHs in the flatfish species, Scophthalmus maximus. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2013; 20:690-707. [PMID: 23247530 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1388-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, laboratory experiments were carried out in order to come to a better understanding of the fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the marine environment and especially on their bioaccumulation, biotransformation and genotoxic effects in fish. Juveniles of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) were exposed to PAHs through different routes via (1) a mixture of dissolved PAHs, (2) a PAH-polluted sediment and (3) an oil fuel elutriate. Fish were exposed 4 days followed by a 6-day depuration period. In each experiment, PAH concentrations in the seawater of the tanks were analysed regularly by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Muscle and liver samples were also analysed for parent PAH levels and PAH bioconcentration factors were calculated. Biotransformation was evaluated by measuring the levels of PAH metabolites in fish bile. Genotoxicity was assessed by the alkaline comet assay. Regardless of exposure route, the parent PAH concentrations in the liver and muscle showed a peak level 1 day after the beginning of the exposure, followed by a decrease up to the background level towards the end of the experiment, except for the exposure to dissolved PAHs for which levels were relatively low throughout the study. As a consequence, no bioaccumulation was observed in fish tissues at the end of the experiment. In contrast, regardless of exposure routes, a rapid production of biliary metabolites was observed throughout the whole exposure experiment. This was especially true for 1-hydroxypyrene, the major metabolite of pyrene. After 6 days of recovery in clean water, a significant decrease in the total metabolite concentrations occurred in bile. Fish exposed through either route displayed a significant increase in DNA strand breaks after 4 days of exposure, and significant correlations were observed between the level of biliary PAH metabolites and the level of DNA lesions in fish erythrocytes. Overall results indicate that exposure to either a mixture of dissolved PAHs, a PAH-contaminated sediment or a dispersed oil fuel elutriate leads to biotransformation and increase in DNA damage in fish. The quantification of PAH metabolites in bile and DNA damage in erythrocytes appear to be suitable for environmental monitoring of marine pollution either in the case of accidental oil spills or sediment contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Le Dû-Lacoste
- Oceanic and Continental Environments and Paleoenvironments, EPOC, UMR 5805, CNRS, Laboratory of Physico- and Toxico-Chemistry of the Environment, LPTC, Université de Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhou Z, Liu Z, Guo L. Chemical evolution of Macondo crude oil during laboratory degradation as characterized by fluorescence EEMs and hydrocarbon composition. Mar Pollut Bull 2013; 66:164-175. [PMID: 23174304 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence EEM technique, PARAFAC modeling, and hydrocarbon composition were used to characterize oil components and to examine the chemical evolution and degradation pathways of Macondo crude oil under controlled laboratory conditions. Three major fluorescent oil components were identified, with Ex/Em maxima at 226/328, 262/315, and 244/366 nm, respectively. An average degradation half-life of ∼20 d was determined for the oil components based on fluorescence EEM and hydrocarbon composition measurements, showing a dynamic chemical evolution and transformation of the oil during degradation. Dispersants appeared to change the chemical characteristics of oil, to shift the fluorescence EEM spectra, and to enhance the degradation of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons. Photochemical degradation played a dominant role in the transformation of oil components, likely an effective degradation pathway of oil in the water column. Results from laboratory experiments should facilitate the interpretation of field-data and provide insights for understanding the fate and transport of oil components in the Gulf of Mexico.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzhen Zhou
- Dept. of Marine Science, University of Southern Mississippi, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Dhananjayan V, Muralidharan S, Peter VR. Occurrence and Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water and Sediment Collected along the Harbour Line, Mumbai, India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 2012:1-7. [DOI: 10.1155/2012/403615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediment samples collected along the harbour line, Mumbai, India. The ∑PAHs quantified in water and sediment samples were ranged from 8.66 ng/L to 46.74 ng/L and from 2608 ng/g to 134134 ng/g dry wt., respectively. Significantly high concentration of ∑PAHs was found in water samples of Sewri and sediment samples of Mahul (P<0.05). PAH concentrations detected in the present study were several folds higher than the existing sediment quality criteria suggested by various statutory agencies. The PAH composition patterns in water and sediments suggest the dominance of high molecular weight compounds and indicate important pyrolytic and petrogenic sources. The occurrence of PAHs in the marine environment has attracted the attention of the scientific community as these compounds are frequently detected in seawater and sediments at increasing levels and can have adverse health effects on marine organisms and humans. PAH concentrations detected at Sewri-Mahul site were sufficiently high to pose a risk to marine organisms if they are exposed continuously to this concentration. Hence, continuous monitoring of the ecosystem is highly warranted.
Collapse
|
50
|
Radović JR, Rial D, Lyons BP, Harman C, Viñas L, Beiras R, Readman JW, Thomas KV, Bayona JM. Post-incident monitoring to evaluate environmental damage from shipping incidents: chemical and biological assessments. J Environ Manage 2012; 109:136-153. [PMID: 22705812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Oil and chemical spills in the marine environment are an issue of growing concern. Oil exploration and exploitation is moving from the continental shelf to deeper waters, and to northern latitudes where the risk of an oil spill is potentially greater and may affect pristine ecosystems. Moreover, a growing number of chemical products are transported by sea and maritime incidents of hazardous and noxious substances (HNS) are expected to increase. Consequently, it seems timely to review all of the experience gained from past spills to be able to cope with appropriate response and mitigation strategies to combat future incidents. Accordingly, this overview is focused on the dissemination of the most successful approaches to both detect and assess accidental releases using chemical as well as biological approaches for spills of either oil or HNS in the marine environment. Aerial surveillance, sampling techniques for water, suspended particles, sediments and biota are reviewed. Early warning bioassays and biomarkers to assess spills are also presented. Finally, research needs and gaps in knowledge are discussed.
Collapse
|