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Shi Q, Xie J, Wu J, Chen S, Sun G, Zhang J. Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of an endemic species in China, Aulocera merlina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) and phylogenetic analysis within Satyrinae. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11355. [PMID: 38694754 PMCID: PMC11061544 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) has been extensively used as molecular markers in determining the insect phylogenetic relationships. In order to resolve the relationships among tribes and subtribes of Satyrinae at the mitochondrial genomic level, we obtained the complete mitogenome of Aulocera merlina (Oberthür, 1890) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) with a size of 15,259 bp. The mitogenome consisted of 37 typical genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and an A + T-rich region. The gene organization and arrangement were similar to those of all other known Satyrinae mitogenomes. All PCGs were initiated with the canonical codon pattern ATN, except for the cox1 gene, which used an atypical CGA codon. Nine PCGs used the complete stop codon TAA, while the remaining PCGs (cox1, cox2, nad4, and nad5) were terminated with a single T nucleotide. The canonical cloverleaf secondary structures were found in all tRNAs, except for trnS1 which lacked a dihydrouridine arm. The 448 bp A + T-rich region was located between rrnS and trnM, and it included the motif ATAGA followed by a 19-bp poly-T stretch and a microsatellite-like (TA)6 element preceded by the ATTTA motif. The phylogenetic tree, inferred using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods, generated similar tree topologies, revealing well-supported monophyletic groups at the tribe level and recovering the relationship ((Satyrini + Melanitini) + ((Amathusiini + Elymniini) + Zetherini)). The close relationship between Satyrina and Melanargiina within the Satyrini was widely accepted. Additionally, Lethina, Parargina, and Mycalesina were closely related and collectively formed a sister group to Coenonymphina. Moreover, A. merlina was closely related to Oeneis buddha within the Satyrina. These findings will provide valuable information for future studies aiming to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships of Satyrinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Shi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and UtilizationSanming UniversitySanmingChina
| | - Jinling Xie
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and UtilizationSanming UniversitySanmingChina
| | - Jialing Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and UtilizationSanming UniversitySanmingChina
| | - Shengchung Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and UtilizationSanming UniversitySanmingChina
| | - Gang Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and UtilizationSanming UniversitySanmingChina
| | - Juncheng Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and UtilizationSanming UniversitySanmingChina
- Medical Plant Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research CenterSanming UniversitySanmingChina
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Legeai F, Romain S, Capblancq T, Doniol-Valcroze P, Joron M, Lemaitre C, Després L. Chromosome-Level Assembly and Annotation of the Pearly Heath Coenonympha arcania Butterfly Genome. Genome Biol Evol 2024; 16:evae055. [PMID: 38491969 PMCID: PMC10980516 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
We present the first chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation of the pearly heath Coenonympha arcania, generated with a PacBio HiFi sequencing approach and complemented with Hi-C data. We additionally compare synteny, gene, and repeat content between C. arcania and other Lepidopteran genomes. This reference genome will enable future population genomics studies with Coenonympha butterflies, a species-rich genus that encompasses some of the most highly endangered butterfly taxa in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Legeai
- Inria, CNRS, IRISA, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, University of Rennes, 35653 Le Rheu, France
| | - Sandra Romain
- Inria, CNRS, IRISA, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Thibaut Capblancq
- LECA, CNRS, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Mathieu Joron
- CEFE, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Lemaitre
- Inria, CNRS, IRISA, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Laurence Després
- LECA, CNRS, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Grenoble, France
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3
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Garzón-Orduña IJ, Silva-Brandão KL, Willmott K, Freitas AVL, Wahlberg N, Brower AVZ. Wing pattern diversity in Eunica butterflies (Nymphalidae: Biblidinae): phylogenetic analysis implies decoupled adaptive trends in dorsal sexual dimorphism and ventral eyespot evolution. Cladistics 2024; 40:1-20. [PMID: 37712878 DOI: 10.1111/cla.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Butterfly eyespots are wing patterns reminiscent of vertebrate eyes, formed by concentric rings of contrastingly coloured scales. Eyespots are usually located close to the wing margin and often regarded as the single most conspicuous pattern element of butterfly wing colour displays. Recent efforts to understand the processes involved in the formation of eyespots have been driven mainly by evo-devo approaches focused on model species. However, patterns of change implied by phylogenetic relationships can also inform hypotheses about the underlying developmental mechanisms associated with the formation or disappearance of eyespots, and the limits of phenotypic diversity occurring in nature. Here we present a combined evidence phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus Eunica, a prominent member of diverse Neotropical butterfly communities, that features notable variation among species in eyespot patterns on the ventral hind wing surface. The data matrix consists of one mitochondrial gene region (COI), four nuclear gene regions (GAPDH, RPS5, EF1a and Wingless) and 68 morphological characters. A combined cladistic analysis with all the characters concatenated produced a single most parsimonious tree that, although fully resolved, includes many nodes with modest branch support. The phylogenetic hypothesis presented corroborates a previously proposed morphological trend leading to the loss of eyespots, together with an increase in the size of the conserved eyespots, relative to outgroup taxa. Furthermore, wing colour pattern dimorphism and the presence of androconia suggest that the most remarkable instances of sexual dimorphism are present in the species of Eunica with the most derived eyespot patterns, and are in most cases accompanied by autapomorphic combinations of scent scales and "hair pencils". We discuss natural and sexual selection as potential adaptive explanations for dorsal and ventral wing patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne J Garzón-Orduña
- Departamento de Zoología, Colección Nacional de Insectos, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-153, Mexico, Mexico D.F., 04510, Mexico
| | - Karina Lucas Silva-Brandão
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum of Nature Hamburg - Zoology, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, Hamburg, 20146, Germany
| | - Keith Willmott
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Diversity, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Pasaje Rumipampa 341, Quito, Pichincha, 170506, Ecuador
| | - André V L Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biología, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP, 13.083-862, Brazil
| | - Niklas Wahlberg
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, Lund, 223 62, Sweden
| | - Andrew V Z Brower
- National Identification Services, Plant Protection and Quarantine, USDA-APHIS, 4700 River Road, Riverdale, MD, 20737, USA
- Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10th Street and Constitution Ave., Washington, DC, 20560, USA
- Division of Invertebrates, American Museum of Natural History, 200 Central Park West, New York, NY, 10024, USA
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Thayer RC, Patel NH. A meta-analysis of butterfly structural colors: their color range, distribution and biological production. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:jeb245940. [PMID: 37937662 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.245940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Butterfly scales are among the richest natural sources of optical nanostructures, which produce structural color and iridescence. Several recurring nanostructure types have been described, such as ridge multilayers, gyroids and lower lamina thin films. While the optical mechanisms of these nanostructure classes are known, their phylogenetic distributions and functional ranges have not been described in detail. In this Review, we examine a century of research on the biological production of structural colors, including their evolution, development and genetic regulation. We have also created a database of more than 300 optical nanostructures in butterflies and conducted a meta-analysis of the color range, abundance and phylogenetic distribution of each nanostructure class. Butterfly structural colors are ubiquitous in short wavelengths but extremely rare in long wavelengths, especially red. In particular, blue wavelengths (around 450 nm) occur in more clades and are produced by more kinds of nanostructures than other hues. Nanostructure categories differ in prevalence, phylogenetic distribution, color range and brightness. For example, lamina thin films are the least bright; perforated lumen multilayers occur most often but are almost entirely restricted to the family Lycaenidae; and 3D photonic crystals, including gyroids, have the narrowest wavelength range (from about 450 to 550 nm). We discuss the implications of these patterns in terms of nanostructure evolution, physical constraint and relationships to pigmentary color. Finally, we highlight opportunities for future research, such as analyses of subadult and Hesperid structural colors and the identification of genes that directly build the nanostructures, with relevance for biomimetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Thayer
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Nipam H Patel
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
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Travesino DG, Beccacece HM, Zapata AI. Description of life cycle and immature stages of Yphthimoides celmis (Godart, [1824]) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a contribution to the taxonomic status of the genus. Zootaxa 2023; 5361:125-134. [PMID: 38220772 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5361.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This article describes the immature stages of the satyrid butterfly Yphthimoides celmis (Godart) for the first time. Morphology, head and body chaetotaxy, and coloration patterns are compared with those of other Yphthimoides species. Larvae behavioral aspects and oviposition behavior are also documented here. Overwintering larvae are observed for the first time for this genus. The larval stage has four or five instars in non-overwintering while six in overwintering larvae. The average duration of the life cycle is around 82 days for non-overwintering, while it is 227 days for overwintering larvae under laboratory conditions. The increase in instar stages and the development time duration of immature stages in overwintering larvae may be due to climatic conditions in the study area and also a strategy to survive the cold season. Eggs have irregular pentagonal and hexagonal cells. First instar larvae have a dark head capsule and a pattern of reddish stripes along their body, with clubbed body setae. Pupae are short and smooth with a non-uniform brown color, presenting a lighter clypeus and a darker ventral portion in the cremaster. We consider that the morphological information of immature stages can improve further phylogenetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana Giselle Travesino
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Fsicas y Naturales; Universidad Nacional de Crdoba; Crdoba; Argentina.
| | - Hernn Mario Beccacece
- IMBIV; Centro de Investigaciones Entomolgicas de Crdoba; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Fsicas y Naturales; Universidad Nacional de Crdoba; CONICET; Crdoba; Argentina.
| | - Adriana Ins Zapata
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Fsicas y Naturales; Universidad Nacional de Crdoba; Crdoba; Argentina.
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Yan ZT, Fan ZH, He SL, Wang XQ, Chen B, Luo ST. Mitogenomes of Eight Nymphalidae Butterfly Species and Reconstructed Phylogeny of Nymphalidae (Nymphalidae: Lepidoptera). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051018. [PMID: 37239378 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Nymphalidae family of cosmopolitan butterflies (Lepidoptera) comprises approximately 7200 species found on all continents and in all habitats. However, debate persists regarding the phylogenetic relationships within this family. In this study, we assembled and annotated eight mitogenomes of Nymphalidae, constituting the first report of complete mitogenomes for this family. Comparative analysis of 105 mitochondrial genomes revealed that the gene compositions and orders were identical to the ancestral insect mitogenome, except for Callerebia polyphemus trnV being before trnL and Limenitis homeyeri having two trnL genes. The results regarding length variation, AT bias, and codon usage were consistent with previous reports on butterfly mitogenomes. Our analysis indicated that the subfamilies Limenitinae, Nymphalinae, Apaturinae, Satyrinae, Charaxinae, Heliconiinae, and Danainae are monophyletic, while the subfamily the subfamily Cyrestinae is polyphyletic. Danainae is the base of the phylogenetic tree. At the tribe level, Euthaliini in Limenitinae; Melitaeini and Kallimini in Nymphalinae; Pseudergolini in Cyrestinae; Mycalesini, Coenonymphini, Ypthimini, Satyrini, and Melanitini in Satyrinae; and Charaxini in Charaxinae are regarded as monophyletic groups. However, the tribe Lethini in Satyrinae is paraphyletic, while the tribes Limenitini and Neptini in Limenitinae, Nymphalini and Hypolimni in Nymphalinae, and Danaini and Euploeini in Danainae are polyphyletic. This study is the first to report the gene features and phylogenetic relationships of the Nymphalidae family based on mitogenome analysis, providing a foundation for future studies of population genetics and phylogenetic relationships within this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Tian Yan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhen-Huai Fan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Shu-Lin He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xue-Qian Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Si-Te Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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da Silva JPCB, Vaz DFB. Morphology and phylogenetic significance of the pelvic articular region in elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes). Cladistics 2023; 39:155-197. [PMID: 36856203 DOI: 10.1111/cla.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The morphology of paired fins is commonly overlooked in morphological studies, particularly the pelvic girdle and fins. Consequently, previous phylogenetic studies incorporating morphological data used few skeletal characters from this complex. In this paper, the phylogenetic significance of pelvic articular characters for elasmobranchs is discussed in light of the morphological variation observed in 130 species, the most comprehensive study exploring the morphology of the pelvic girdle done so far. The 10 morphological characters proposed herein for the pelvic articulation were incorporated into a molecular matrix of NADH2 sequences and submitted to an analysis of maximum parsimony employing extended implied weighting. The most stable tree was selected based on the distortion coefficients, SPR distances (subtree pruning and regrafting) and fit values. Some of the striking synapomorphies recovered within elasmobranchs include the presence of an articular surface for the first enlarged pelvic radial supporting Elasmobranchii and the pelvic articular region for the basipterygium extending from the posterolatral margin of the pelvic girdle over its lateral surface in Echinorhinus + Hexanchiformes. Additionally, the proposed characters and their distributions are discussed considering the relationships recovered and also compared with previous morphological and molecular phylogenetic hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo C B da Silva
- Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Castelo Branco, João Pessoa, 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Diego F B Vaz
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02143, USA.,Biorepository Collaboratorium Guam EPSCoR, Marine Laboratory, University of Guam, 303 University Dr, UOG Station, Mangilao, GU, 96923, USA
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Piovesan M, Orlandin E, Mielke OHH, Casagrande MM. Immature stages of Blepolenis bassus (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Brassolini). ZOOL ANZ 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Alcantara DMC, Graciolli G, Antunes Junior M, Toma R, Nihei SS. Biogeographical events, not cospeciation, might be the main drivers in the historical association between Noctiliostrebla species (Streblidae) and their bulldog bat hosts. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The genus Noctiliostrebla Wenzel (Diptera: Streblidae) stands out for its high degree of specificity exhibited in relation to bat species of the genus Noctilio Linnaeus and provides an exciting system for understanding the history behind host–parasite associations. Here, we present a phylogeny of Noctiliostrebla based on an analysis of DNA sequences and morphological characters, along with cophylogenetic and biogeographical analyses. Our results strongly support the monophyly of Noctiliostrebla, but with uncertainties within the genus. With a low frequency of cospeciation events explaining the associations between hosts and parasites, cophylogenetic analyses did not show an overall congruence between the host and parasite phylogenies. Indeed, two parallel histories were recovered in the host–parasite associations, which might indicate that niche segregation is determined evolutionarily, facilitating the coexistence of parasites and promoting diversification. Biogeographical analysis showed a strong spatial congruence between disjunct distributions of Noctiliostrebla and major river basins in South America and with areas of higher elevation, which might be associated with the glacial periods throughout the Pliocene and Pleistocene. Overall, our findings suggest an agreement with the expectations of the ‘Stockholm paradigm’ framework, in which biogeographical events and ecological factors act as important components to explain the associations, instead of cospeciation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Maximo Correa Alcantara
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul , Brazil
| | - Gustavo Graciolli
- Setor de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul , Brazil
| | - Manuel Antunes Junior
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Toma
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul , Brazil
| | - Silvio Shigueo Nihei
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
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Vrba P, Sucháčková Bartoňová A, Andres M, Nedvěd O, Šimek P, Konvička M. Exploring Cold Hardiness within a Butterfly Clade: Supercooling Ability and Polyol Profiles in European Satyrinae. Insects 2022; 13:insects13040369. [PMID: 35447811 PMCID: PMC9031891 DOI: 10.3390/insects13040369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The cold hardiness of overwintering stages affects the distribution of temperate and cold-zone insects. Studies on Erebia, a species-rich cold-zone butterfly genus, detected unexpected diversity of cold hardiness traits. We expanded our investigation to eight Satyrinae species of seven genera. We assessed Autumn and Winter supercooling points (SCPs) and concentrations of putatively cryoprotective sugars and polyols via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Aphantopus hyperantus and Hipparchia semele survived freezing of body fluids; Coenonympha arcania, C. gardetta, and Melanargia galathea died prior to freezing; Maniola jurtina, Chazara briseis, and Minois dryas displayed a mixed response. SCP varied from −22 to −9 °C among species. Total sugar and polyol concentrations (TSPC) varied sixfold (2 to 12 μg × mg−1) and eightfold including the Erebia spp. results. SCP and TSPC did not correlate. Alpine Erebia spp. contained high trehalose, threitol, and erythritol; C. briseis and C. gardetta contained high ribitol and trehalose; lowland species contained high saccharose, maltose, fructose, and sorbitol. SCP, TSPC, and glycerol concentrations were affected by phylogeny. Species of mountains or steppes tend to be freeze-avoidant, overwinter as young larvae, and contain high concentrations of trehalose, while those of mesic environments tend to be freeze-tolerant, overwinter as later instars, and rely on compounds such as maltose, saccharose, and fructose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Vrba
- Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (P.V.); (A.S.B.); (O.N.); (P.Š.)
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Sucháčková Bartoňová
- Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (P.V.); (A.S.B.); (O.N.); (P.Š.)
| | - Miloš Andres
- JARO Jaroměř, Národní 83, 551 01 Jaroměř, Czech Republic;
| | - Oldřich Nedvěd
- Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (P.V.); (A.S.B.); (O.N.); (P.Š.)
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Šimek
- Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (P.V.); (A.S.B.); (O.N.); (P.Š.)
| | - Martin Konvička
- Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (P.V.); (A.S.B.); (O.N.); (P.Š.)
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-775-13-13-54
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Barbosa EP, Seraphim N, Valencia G, Maria L Azeredo-Espin A, V L Freitas A. Phylogenetic systematics of Yphthimoides Forster, 1964 and related taxa, with notes on the biogeographical history of Yphthimoides species. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 168:107390. [PMID: 35031455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Species losses are increasing and may have an impact on our understanding of patterns of evolutionary pathways and phylogenetic relationships among the groups being lost. The knowledge of such patterns can contribute to preventing future losses by identifying which lineages have higher or lower diversification rates, thus informing conservation strategies. Recent years have seen a significant growth in studies of butterfly systematics, allowing a better understanding of evolutionary relationships among most groups and revealing significant taxonomic chaos in several groups. One of the latter groups is the nymphalid subtribe Euptychiina (Satyrinae), which has been shown to include a number of non-monophyletic genera based on recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. Among others, these genera include Yphthimoides, which is widespread throughout the Neotropical region but particularly diverse in the southeastern Neotropics, and a pair of related genera, Pharneuptychia Forster, 1964 and Moneuptychia Forster, 1964. Using molecular data, this study scope and aims was to provide a phylogenetic hypothesis that corroborates Yphthimoides as presently conceived being non-monophyletic, a result reinforced by a comparative study of the male genitalic morphology. Our results also show that Pharneuptychia and Moneuptychia, plus a species misplaced elsewhere in the Euptychiina, Euptychoides castrensis (Schaus, 1902), form a well supported clade, and that the latter 'species' is a complex of cryptic species. We therefore propose a number of taxonomic rearrangements in the present work to resolve these issues: Yphthimoides eriphule (A. Butler, 1867) will be moved to a new genus; Y. affinis (A. Butler, 1867), Y. maepius (Godart, [1824]), Y. mimula (Hayward, 1954), Y. neomaenas (Hayward, 1967) and Y. mythra (Weymer, 1911) are being transferred to Malaveria Viloria & Benmesbah, 2021; Pharneuptychia innocentia (Godart, [1824]) will be moved to another genus to be described; and Euptychoides castrensis, Pharneuptychia romanina (Bryk, 1953) and Yphthimoides viviana (Romieux, 1927) are being moved to Moneuptychia. The dating of divergences points to a split between the ancestral lineage of Yphthimoides and its sister group, Carminda Ebert and Dias, inDias 1998, during the last half of the Miocene, around 11.86 Mya, and to the diversification of the Pharneuptychia during the same time 11.35 (± 3.52) Mya. Biogeographic analysis showed that the most recent common ancestor of Yphthimoides started to diversify either in the the Brazilian Cerrado savannas or in a combined area of Cerrado and South Atlantic Forest, with a possible change in the ancestral habitat of Carminda. Furthermore, ancestral character mapping favors a savanna origin hypothesis over a forest origin hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo P Barbosa
- Depto de Biologia Animal and Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Noemy Seraphim
- Instituto de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo, câmpus Campinas CTI Renato Archer - Av. Comendador Aladino Selmi, s/n - Amarais, Campinas - SP, 13069-901.
| | - Gorky Valencia
- Museo de Biodiversidad del Perú and Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Peru.
| | - Ana Maria L Azeredo-Espin
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia e Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - André V L Freitas
- Depto de Biologia Animal and Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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12
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Peixoto LAW, de Pinna M. Patterns of diversification and phylogenetic structure in the dorsolateral head musculature of Neotropical electric eels (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes), with a myological synonymy. Neotrop ichthyol 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The present study offers a broad comparative analysis of the dorsolateral head musculature in the Gymnotiformes, with detailed descriptions and illustrations of the dorsolateral head muscles of 83 species representing combined all valid genera. Results permit a detailed assessment of primary homologies and taxonomically-relevant variation across the order. This provides the basis for a myological synonymy, which organizes 33 previously proposed names for 15 recognized muscles. Morphological variation derived from dorsolateral head musculature was coded into 56 characters. When analyzed in isolation, that set of characters results in Gymnotidae as the sister group of remaining gymnotiforms, and all other currently recognized families as monophyletic groups. In a second analysis, myological characters were concatenated with other previously proposed characters into a phenotypic matrix. Results of that analysis reveal new myological synapomorphies for nearly all taxonomic categories within Gymnotiformes. A Partitioned Bremer Support (PBS) was used to asses the significance of comparative myology in elucidating phylogenetic relationships. PBS values show strongly non-uniform distributions on the tree, with positive scores skewed towards more inclusive taxa, and negative PBS values concentrated on less inclusive clades. Our results provide background for future studies on biomechanical constraints evolved in the early stages of gymnotiform evolution.
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13
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Padrón PS, Pyrcz TW, Willmott KR. A Contribution Towards Resolving the Systematics of the High-Altitude Tropical Andean Satyrine Genus Altopedaliodes Forster, 1964 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalinae: Satyrinae). Neotrop Entomol 2021; 50:767-803. [PMID: 34350567 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-021-00897-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The first phylogenetic hypotheses for the high Andean satyrine butterfly genus Altopedaliodes is proposed based on sequence data from mitochondrial (COI and COII) and nuclear (EF-1α) genes. Four species previously included in the genus were found not to be closely related to the clade containing the type species for Altopedaliodes, and these species are therefore removed and placed in the appropriate genus: Pedaliodes cocytia (C. Felder and R. Felder, 1867) n. comb., Pedaliodes nebris Thieme 1905rev. comb., Neopedaliodes tamaensis (Pyrcz and Viloria 2007) n. comb., and Altopedaliodes similis Henao, Páez and Rodríguez-M., 2017; the last name is here synonymized with Pedaliodes nebris (Thieme 1905) n. syn. A taxonomic revision of the twelve species in Altopedaliodes as newly circumscribed is presented and all the currently recognized taxa are revised. We describe two new species, A. llanganati Padrón, Pyrcz and Willmott n. sp. (Ecuador, Napo) and A. pilimbala Pyrcz and Boyer n. sp. (Colombia, Cauca), and three new subspecies, A. reissi papallacta Padrón, Pyrcz and Willmott n. ssp. (Ecuador, Napo), A. reissi dominica Pyrcz and Padrón n. ssp. (Colombia, Valle del Cauca) and A. halli cagnoni Boyer, Pyrcz and Padrón n. ssp. (Ecuador, Morona-Santiago). A new status is proposed for A. nucea Pyrcz and Viloria 1999, n. stat., we combine Altopedaliodes scydmaena (Hayward, 1968) n. comb. and Altopedaliodes belmira (Pyrcz and Rodríguez, 2004), n. comb., n. stat. into the genus and treat the latter taxon as a species, and we newly treat Altopedaliodes scydmaena kruegeri Pyrcz 1999n. stat. as a subspecies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Sebastián Padrón
- Laboratorio de Entomologia, Escuela de Biología, Ecología y Gestión, Univ del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador.
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, Univ of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Tomasz Wilhelm Pyrcz
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
- Invertebrate Evolution Dept, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | - Keith Richard Willmott
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, Univ of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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14
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Aduse-Poku K, van Bergen E, Sáfián S, Collins SC, Etienne RS, Herrera-Alsina L, Brakefield PM, Brattström O, Lohman DJ, Wahlberg N. Miocene Climate and Habitat Change Drove Diversification in Bicyclus, Africa's Largest Radiation of Satyrine Butterflies. Syst Biol 2021; 71:570-588. [PMID: 34363477 PMCID: PMC9016770 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syab066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to other regions, the drivers of diversification in Africa are poorly understood. We studied a radiation of insects with over 100 species occurring in a wide range of habitats across the Afrotropics to investigate the fundamental evolutionary processes and geological events that generate and maintain patterns of species richness on the continent. By investigating the evolutionary history of Bicyclus butterflies within a phylogenetic framework, we inferred the group's origin at the Oligo-Miocene boundary from ancestors in the Congolian rainforests of central Africa. Abrupt climatic fluctuations during the Miocene (ca. 19-17 Ma) likely fragmented ancestral populations, resulting in at least eight early-divergent lineages. Only one of these lineages appears to have diversified during the drastic climate and biome changes of the early Miocene, radiating into the largest group of extant species. The other seven lineages diversified in forest ecosystems during the late Miocene and Pleistocene when climatic conditions were more favourable-warmer and wetter. Our results suggest changing Neogene climate, uplift of eastern African orogens, and biotic interactions might have had different effects on the various subclades of Bicyclus, producing one of the most spectacular butterfly radiations in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwaku Aduse-Poku
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK.,Biology Department, University of Richmond, Richmond, 138 UR Drive, USA.,Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Perimeter College, Georgia State University, USA
| | - Erik van Bergen
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Szabolcs Sáfián
- Institute of Silviculture and Forest Protection, University of Sopron, Sopron, Hungary
| | - Steve C Collins
- African Butterfly Research Institute, P.O. Box 14308, 0800 Westlands, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Rampal S Etienne
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, 9700 CC Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Paul M Brakefield
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oskar Brattström
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK.,African Butterfly Research Institute, P.O. Box 14308, 0800 Westlands, Nairobi, Kenya.,University of Glasgow, School of Life Sciences, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.,University of Glasgow, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - David J Lohman
- Biology Department, City College of New York, City University of New York, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Biology, Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY, USA.,Entomology Section, National Museum of Natural History, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | - Niklas Wahlberg
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan35, SE-223, 62 Lund, Sweden
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15
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Florczyk K, Fhraeus C, Boyer P, Zubek A, Pyrcz TW. A new species of the enigmatic genus Oressinoma Doubleday from the Andes of central Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Zootaxa 2021; 4999:157-168. [PMID: 34810496 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4999.2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A new, and only the third known species of the Neotropical montane genus Oressinoma Doubleday is describedO. sorina n. sp., from the Andes of central Peru. It is distinguishable immediately from the other two congeners by the shape of the hindwing underside submarginal orange band, and by the male genitalia. The systematics of Oressinoma are reviewed. A preliminary analysis is carried out based on COI barcode confirming the separate specific status of O. sorina n. sp. in relation to other two congeners. Both barcode and genital morphology data suggest that the widespread O. typhla Doubleday may be a complex of allopatric or, locally parapatric species. The genus Oressinoma is the only neotropical member of the predominantly Australian subtribe Coenonymphina, represented in the entire Holarctic by one genus onlyCoenonympha Hbner, considered as the putative sister-genus of Oressinoma. Their origins and relationships are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Florczyk
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387 Krakw, Poland.
| | - Christer Fhraeus
- Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Pierre Boyer
- 7 Lotissement lHorizon, Le Puy Sainte Rparade, France.
| | - Anna Zubek
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387 Krakw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-380 Krakw, Poland.
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16
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Lukhtanov VA, Dubatolov VV. Phylogenetic position and taxonomic rearrangement of Davidina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), an enigmatic butterfly genus new for Europe and America. Zool J Linn Soc 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Davidina, an enigmatic butterfly genus described from China in the 19th century, has for a long time been considered a member of the family Pieridae due to its pierid-like wing pattern. In the 20th century, it was transferred to Satyridae (now subfamily Satyrinae of Nymphalidae) based on analysis of the structure of genitalia and placed next to the species-rich genus Oeneis (subtribe Satyrina), being separated from the latter by supposed differences in wing venation. We have conducted a phylogenetic and taxonomic study of the subtribe Satyrina using analysis of molecular and morphological characters. We show that the genus Oeneis is not monophyletic, and consists of two genetically diverged and morphologically differentiated groups that are not sister-groups (Oeneis s.s. and Protoeneis). We also demonstrate that Davidina is closely related to Protoeneis, but not to Oeneis s.s. To resolve this newly discovered non-monophyly and morphological heterogeneity, several species should be removed from Oeneis and transferred to the genus Davidina. As a consequence, we synonymize the name ProtoeneisGorbunov, 2001 with DavidinaOberthür, 1879. We conclude that Davidina is not a monotypic Chinese endemic genus, as has been previously supposed, but is composed of nine species that have a broad distribution area across the Holarctic region, extending to Europe and America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Lukhtanov
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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17
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Brattström O, Aduse-Poku K, van Bergen E, French V, Brakefield PM. A release from developmental bias accelerates morphological diversification in butterfly eyespots. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:27474-80. [PMID: 33093195 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2008253117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Development can bias the independent evolution of traits sharing ontogenetic pathways, making certain evolutionary changes less likely. The eyespots commonly found on butterfly wings each have concentric rings of differing colors, and these serially repeated pattern elements have been a focus for evo-devo research. In the butterfly family Nymphalidae, eyespots have been shown to function in startling or deflecting predators and to be involved in sexual selection. Previous work on a model species of Mycalesina butterfly, Bicyclus anynana, has provided insights into the developmental control of the size and color composition of individual eyespots. Experimental evolution has also shown that the relative size of a pair of eyespots on the same wing surface is highly flexible, whereas they are resistant to diverging in color composition, presumably due to the underlying shared developmental process. This fixed color composition has been considered as a prime example of developmental bias with significant consequences for wing pattern evolution. Here, we test this proposal by surveying eyespots across the whole subtribe of Mycalesina butterflies and demonstrate that developmental bias shapes evolutionary diversification except in the genus Heteropsis which has gained independent control of eyespot color composition. Experimental manipulations of pupal wings reveal that the bias has been released through a novel regional response of the wing tissue to a conserved patterning signal. Our study demonstrates that development can bias the evolutionary independence of traits, but it also shows how bias can be released through developmental innovations, thus, allowing rapid morphological change, facilitating evolutionary diversification.
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18
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Chen L, Wahlberg N, Liao CQ, Wang CB, Ma FZ, Huang GH. Fourteen complete mitochondrial genomes of butterflies from the genus Lethe (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) with mitogenome-based phylogenetic analysis. Genomics 2020; 112:4435-4441. [PMID: 32745503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) can help us understand the phylogenetic relationships within the genus Lethe and the subfamily Satyrinae. In this study, we sequenced the complete mitogenomes of 14 Lethe species, which range in size from 15,225 to 15,271 bp, with both 37 genes (13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs) and a noncoding A + T-rich region. The gene arrangement and orientation is similar to typical mitogenomes of Lepidoptera. The Ka/Ks ratio shows that cox1 has the slowest evolutionary rate. The secondary structure of trnN lacks the Pseudouracil loop (TψC loop) in most Lethe species. The inferred phylogenetic analyses show that Lethe is a well-supported monophyletic group, and reveal 2 major clades within the genus Lethe, which is consistent with previous morphological classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Niklas Wahlberg
- Systematic Biology Group, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cheng-Qing Liao
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Chen-Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China
| | - Fang-Zhou Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China.
| | - Guo-Hua Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
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19
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Wiemers M, Chazot N, Wheat CW, Schweiger O, Wahlberg N. A complete time-calibrated multi-gene phylogeny of the European butterflies. Zookeys 2020; 938:97-124. [PMID: 32550787 PMCID: PMC7289901 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.938.50878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aim of supporting ecological analyses in butterflies, the third most species-rich superfamily of Lepidoptera, this paper presents the first time-calibrated phylogeny of all 496 extant butterfly species in Europe, including 18 very localised endemics for which no public DNA sequences had been available previously. It is based on a concatenated alignment of the mitochondrial gene COI and up to eleven nuclear gene fragments, using Bayesian inferences of phylogeny. To avoid analytical biases that could result from our region-focussed sampling, our European tree was grafted upon a global genus-level backbone butterfly phylogeny for analyses. In addition to a consensus tree, the posterior distribution of trees and the fully concatenated alignment are provided for future analyses. Altogether a complete phylogenetic framework of European butterflies for use by the ecological and evolutionary communities is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wiemers
- Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Straße 90, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Halle Germany.,UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120, Halle, Germany Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut Müncheberg Germany
| | - Nicolas Chazot
- Department of Biology, Lund University, 22362, Lund, Sweden Lund University Lund Sweden.,Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden.,Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 461, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Christopher W Wheat
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Oliver Schweiger
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120, Halle, Germany Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut Müncheberg Germany
| | - Niklas Wahlberg
- Department of Biology, Lund University, 22362, Lund, Sweden Lund University Lund Sweden
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20
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Pyrcz TW, Zubek A, Boyer P, Nakamura I, Wacławik B, Florczyk K. Revisional Notes on the Cloud Forest Butterfly Genus Oxeoschistus Butler in Central America (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Neotrop Entomol 2020; 49:392-411. [PMID: 32172389 PMCID: PMC7253525 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-019-00757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
So far, six species of Oxeoschistus Butler, including its junior synonym Dioriste Thieme, were listed from Central America, with five of them from Costa Rica alone, which appears to represent the highest regional diversity of this Neotropical montane butterfly genus. Our research based on field work, morphological studies and barcode analysis proved that one record is a misunderstanding perpetuated in scientific literature for over a century: Oxeoschistus cothonides Grose-Smith is identified here as an individual form of the female of O. cothon Salvin. The presence of Oxeoschistus tauropolis (Westwood) in Costa Rica, subject to some controversy, is confirmed, and a new local subspecies is described from Costa Rica, O. tauropolis mitsuko Pyrcz & Nakamura n. ssp. Specific status of O. euriphyle Butler is reinstated based on morphological and molecular data. A new subspecies O. hilara lempira Pyrcz n. ssp. is described from Honduras. O. puerta submaculatus Butler is reported for the first time from the Darién region on the Panama-Colombia border. Species relationships are preliminarily evaluated based on COI data concluding, among others, that O. hilara and O. euriphyle are less closely related than previously assumed. Altitudinal and distributional data are revised, and ecological and behavioural information of all the species of Central American Oxeoschistus is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Pyrcz
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ., ul. Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
- Entomology Dept., Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Zubek
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ., ul. Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - P Boyer
- , Le Puy Sainte Réparade, France
| | | | - B Wacławik
- Entomology Dept., Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | - K Florczyk
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ., ul. Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
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21
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Yang M, Song L, Zhou L, Shi Y, Song N, Zhang Y. Mitochondrial genomes of four satyrine butterflies and phylogenetic relationships of the family Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 145:272-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Platania L, Vodă R, Dincă V, Talavera G, Vila R, Dapporto L. Integrative analyses on Western PalearcticLasiommatareveal a mosaic of nascent butterfly species. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Platania
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC‐Universitat Pompeu Fabra) Barcelona Spain
| | - Raluca Vodă
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Turin Turin Italy
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Gerard Talavera
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC‐Universitat Pompeu Fabra) Barcelona Spain
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC‐Universitat Pompeu Fabra) Barcelona Spain
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Pyrcz TW, Lorenc-Brudecka J, Zubek A, Prieto C, Boyer P, Florczyk K, Wacławik B, Lachowska-Cierlik D. Considerations on the Taxonomy of the Genus Arhuaco Adams and Bernard 1977, and its Relationships with the Genus Pronophila Doubleday [1849] (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Neotrop Entomol 2019; 48:302-313. [PMID: 30414019 PMCID: PMC6443605 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0641-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Arhuaco Adams & Bernard (1977) is one of the least known genera of Neotropical Satyrinae. It comprises two species and presents an unusual disjunct distribution, with A. ica Adams & Bernard (1977), endemic to the isolated Colombian Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, and A. dryadina (Schaus 1913) found in the mountains of Costa Rica and Panama. Here, the female of A. dryadina is described, and a new generic diagnosis is presented. Affinities with other genera of the subtribe Pronophilina, in particular the potential closest relatives, such as Pronophila Doubleday (1849), are investigated based on morphological, molecular, ecological, and behavioral data. Results from molecular and morphological sources are incongruent. Molecular data indicate that Arhuaco is paraphyletic, with A. dryadina segregating within the Pronophila clade. Morphological data, by contrast, indicate a closer affinity between the two species currently placed in Arhuaco, favoring the monophyly of the genus, and show no consistent synapomorphies for Arhuaco + Pronophila. A vicariance biogeographical scenario is evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Pyrcz
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
- Entomology Dept, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | - J Lorenc-Brudecka
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - A Zubek
- Entomology Dept, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | - C Prieto
- Depto de Biología, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
- SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Münchhausenstrasse 21, 81247, Munich, Germany
| | - P Boyer
- 7 Lotissement l'Horizon, Le Puy Sainte Réparade, France
| | - K Florczyk
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - B Wacławik
- Entomology Dept, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | - D Lachowska-Cierlik
- Entomology Dept, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
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Espeland M, Breinholt JW, Barbosa EP, Casagrande MM, Huertas B, Lamas G, Marín MA, Mielke OH, Miller JY, Nakahara S, Tan D, Warren AD, Zacca T, Kawahara AY, Freitas AV, Willmott KR. Four hundred shades of brown: Higher level phylogeny of the problematic Euptychiina (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) based on hybrid enrichment data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 131:116-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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25
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Pyrcz TW, Freitas AVL, Boyer P, Dias FMS, Dolibaina DR, Barbosa EP, Magaldi LM, Mielke OHH, Casagrande MM, Lorenc-Brudecka J. Uncovered Diversity of a Predominantly Andean Butterfly Clade in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: a Revision of the Genus Praepedaliodes Forster (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Satyrini). Neotrop Entomol 2018; 47:211-255. [PMID: 28971353 PMCID: PMC5842279 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0543-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The genus Praepedaliodes Forster, 1964, the only representative of the mega-diverse mostly Andean Pedaliodes complex lineage in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, is revised. Prior to this study, four species were known, P. phanias (Hewitson, 1862), P. granulata (Butler, 1868), P. amussis (Thieme, 1905) and P. exul (Thieme, 1905). Here, a further six are described, all from SE Brazil, expanding to 10 the number of species in this genus. Lectotypes are designated for P. phanias, P. granulata and P. amussis. The genus is most diverse in the Serra da Mantiqueira (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais) and in the Serra Geral (Paraná, Santa Catarina) with seven species occurring in both ranges. Praepedaliodes phanias is the most widespread species and the only one found in the western part of the Atlantic Forest; only this species and P. duartei Dias, Dolibaina & Pyrcz n. sp. occurring to near sea level. Other species, P. zaccae Dolibaina, Dias & Pyrcz n. sp., P. francinii Freitas & Pyrcz n. sp., P. sequeirae Pyrcz, Dias & Dolbaina n. sp., P. landryi Pyrcz & Freitas n. sp. and P. pawlaki Pyrcz & Boyer n. sp. are strictly montane and the highest species richness is reached at 1400-1800 m. One species, P. sequeirae n. sp., is a narrow endemic found only at timberline in the Agulhas Negras massif above 2300 m. Immature stages are described for two species, P. phanias and P. landryi n. sp. Molecular data (barcode region of cytochrome oxidase, subunit I) and adult morphology, including male and female genitalia, support the genus as monophyletic, belonging to a predominantly Andean clade of the Pedaliodes Butler, 1867 complex. Morphological evidences, in particular female genitalia comparative analysis, indicate the genera Physcopedaliodes Forster, 1964 and Panyapedaliodes Forster, 1964 as possibly the closest relatives to Praepedaliodes. Molecular data are inconclusive in this respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Pyrcz
- Entomology Dept, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ, ul. Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - A V L Freitas
- Depto de Biologia Animal and Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Univ Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil
| | - P Boyer
- 7, Lotissement l'Horizon, Le Puy Sainte Réparade, France
| | - F M S Dias
- Lab de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Depto de Zoologia, Univ Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brasil
| | - D R Dolibaina
- Lab de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Depto de Zoologia, Univ Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brasil
| | - E P Barbosa
- Depto de Biologia Animal and Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Univ Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil
| | - L M Magaldi
- Depto de Biologia Animal and Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Univ Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil
| | - O H H Mielke
- Lab de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Depto de Zoologia, Univ Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brasil
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Univ of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - M M Casagrande
- Lab de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Depto de Zoologia, Univ Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brasil
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Univ of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - J Lorenc-Brudecka
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ, ul. Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
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Abstract
We studied the systematics of the subfamily Limenitidinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) using molecular methods to reconstruct a robust phylogenetic hypothesis. The molecular data matrix comprised 205 Limenitidinae species, four outgroups, and 11,327 aligned nucleotide sites using up to 18 genes per species of which seven genes (CycY, Exp1, Nex9, PolII, ProSup, PSb and UDPG6DH) have not previously been used in phylogenetic studies. We recovered the monophyly of the subfamily Limenitidinae and seven higher clades corresponding to four traditional tribes Parthenini, Adoliadini, Neptini, Limenitidini as well as three additional independent lineages. One contains the genera Harma + Cymothoe and likely a third, Bhagadatta, and the other two independent lineages lead to Pseudoneptis and to Pseudacraea. These independent lineages are circumscribed as new tribes. Parthenini was recovered as sister to rest of Limenitidinae, but the relationships of the remaining six lineages were ambiguous. A number of genera were found to be non-monophyletic, with Pantoporia, Euthalia, Athyma, and Parasarpa being polyphyletic, whereas Limenitis, Neptis, Bebearia, Euryphura, and Adelpha were paraphyletic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidur Dhungel
- Southwestern Centre for Research and PhD Studies, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Wilf P, Carvalho MR, Gandolfo MA, Cúneo NR. Eocene lantern fruits from Gondwanan Patagonia and the early origins of Solanaceae. Science 2017; 355:71-75. [PMID: 28059765 DOI: 10.1126/science.aag2737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The nightshade family Solanaceae holds exceptional economic and cultural importance. The early diversification of Solanaceae is thought to have occurred in South America during its separation from Gondwana, but the family's sparse fossil record provides few insights. We report 52.2-million-year-old lantern fruits from terminal-Gondwanan Patagonia, featuring highly inflated, five-lobed calyces, as a newly identified species of the derived, diverse New World genus Physalis (e.g., groundcherries and tomatillos). The fossils are considerably older than corresponding molecular divergence dates and demonstrate an ancient history for the inflated calyx syndrome. The derived position of these early Eocene fossils shows that Solanaceae were well diversified long before final Gondwanan breakup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Wilf
- Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Mónica R Carvalho
- L. H. Bailey Hortorium, Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - María A Gandolfo
- L. H. Bailey Hortorium, Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - N Rubén Cúneo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, 9100 Trelew, Chubut, Argentina
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Wei CH, Lohman DJ, Peggie D, Yen SH. An illustrated checklist of the genus Elymnias Hübner, 1818 (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Zookeys 2017:47-152. [PMID: 28769686 PMCID: PMC5523206 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.676.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the genus Elymnias Hübner, 1818, a morphologically diverse satyrine butterfly clade involved in multifarious Batesian mimicry relationships throughout Asia and Africa. A variety of different model species are mimicked, and many Elymnias species are sexually dimorphic mimics, with males and females resembling different model species. We revise species and subspecies delimitations in light of an integrative taxonomic investigation using external morphology, male and female genital morphology, and a multi-locus molecular phylogeny. There is little interspecific genitalic variation among species in this group, and previous taxonomists therefore relied almost entirely on wing patterns. Our molecular phylogenetic analysis reveals several examples of polymorphism or wing pattern divergence within a single species currently classified as two or more different species. We also found examples of wing pattern convergence among disparate lineages that mimic the same widespread model species. Frequently, two or more phenotypically similar species were classified as a single species. This comprehensive checklist reviews all names associated with Elymnias to align its taxonomy with the evolutionary history of the group. All available information on nomenclature, type localities, repositories of type specimens, and geographical distributions is summarized, and images of adult specimens and genitalia are provided along with distribution maps of all species and selected subspecies. We identify 2 species incertae sedis, establish 15 monophyletic species groups (including 1 species unplaced in any species group), and make 49 taxonomic changes, including 35 new synonyms, 7 new combinations (2 of which have new status), 1 resurrected combination, 1 resurrected subspecies, and 7 status changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsuan Wei
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - David J Lohman
- Department of Biology, City College of New York, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Biology, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Entomology Section, National Museum of the Philippines, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | - Djunijanti Peggie
- Division of Zoology, Research Centre for Biology-LIPI, Cibinong-Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Shen-Horn Yen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
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Jisming-See SW, Sing KW, Wilson JJ. DNA barcodes and citizen science provoke a diversity reappraisal for the “ring” butterflies of Peninsular Malaysia (Ypthima: Satyrinae: Nymphalidae: Lepidoptera). Genome 2016; 59:879-888. [DOI: 10.1139/gen-2015-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The “rings” belonging to the genus Ypthima are amongst the most common butterflies in Peninsular Malaysia. However, the species can be difficult to tell apart, with keys relying on minor and often non-discrete ring characters found on the hindwing. Seven species have been reported from Peninsular Malaysia, but this is thought to be an underestimate of diversity. DNA barcodes of 165 individuals, and wing and genital morphology, were examined to reappraise species diversity of this genus in Peninsular Malaysia. DNA barcodes collected during citizen science projects—School Butterfly Project and Peninsular Malaysia Butterfly Count—recently conducted in Peninsular Malaysia were included. The new DNA barcodes formed six groups with different Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) representing four species reported in Peninsular Malaysia. When combined with public DNA barcodes from the Barcode Of Life Datasystems, several taxonomic issues arose. We consider the taxon Y. newboldi, formerly treated as a subspecies of Y. baldus, as a distinct species. DNA barcodes also supported an earlier suggestion that Y. nebulosa is a synonym under Y. horsfieldii humei. Two BINs of the genus Ypthima comprising DNA barcodes collected during citizen science projects did not correspond to any species previously reported in Peninsular Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Wei Jisming-See
- Museum of Zoology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Ecology and Biodiversity Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kong-Wah Sing
- Museum of Zoology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Ecology and Biodiversity Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - John-James Wilson
- Museum of Zoology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Ecology and Biodiversity Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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30
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Barbosa E, Marín M, Giraldo CE, Uribe S, Freitas A. Description of two new species of the Neotropical genus Yphthimoides Forster, 1964 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) from the ‘renata clade’. Neotropical Biodiversity 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/23766808.2016.1217582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Barbosa
- Depto de Biologia Animal and Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mario Marín
- Depto de Biologia Animal and Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Giraldo
- Grupo de Investigación en Sistemática Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellin, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sandra Uribe
- Grupo de Investigación en Sistemática Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellin, Medellín, Colombia
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31
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Robalino J, Wilkins B, Bracken-Grissom HD, Chan TY, O’Leary MA. The Origin of Large-Bodied Shrimp that Dominate Modern Global Aquaculture. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158840. [PMID: 27415002 PMCID: PMC4945062 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several shrimp species from the clade Penaeidae are farmed industrially for human consumption, and this farming has turned shrimp into the largest seafood commodity in the world. The species that are in demand for farming are an anomaly within their clade because they grow to much larger sizes than other members of Penaeidae. Here we trace the evolutionary history of the anomalous farmed shrimp using combined data phylogenetic analysis of living and fossil species. We show that exquisitely preserved fossils of †Antrimpos speciosus from the Late Jurassic Solnhofen limestone belong to the same clade as the species that dominate modern farming, dating the origin of this clade to at least 145 mya. This finding contradicts a much younger Late Cretaceous age (ca. 95 mya) previously estimated for this clade using molecular clocks. The species in the farmed shrimp clade defy a widespread tendency, by reaching relatively large body sizes despite their warm water lifestyles. Small body sizes have been shown to be physiologically favored in warm aquatic environments because satisfying oxygen demands is difficult for large organisms breathing in warm water. Our analysis shows that large-bodied, farmed shrimp have more gills than their smaller-bodied shallow-water relatives, suggesting that extra gills may have been key to the clade's ability to meet oxygen demands at a large size. Our combined data phylogenetic tree also suggests that, during penaeid evolution, the adoption of mangrove forests as habitats for young shrimp occurred multiple times independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Robalino
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, HSC T-8 (040), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Blake Wilkins
- Department of Biology, Florida International University, Biscayne Bay Campus, North Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Heather D. Bracken-Grissom
- Department of Biology, Florida International University, Biscayne Bay Campus, North Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Tin-Yam Chan
- Institute of Marine Biology and Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Maureen A. O’Leary
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, HSC T-8 (040), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
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Swanson EM, Espeset A, Mikati I, Bolduc I, Kulhanek R, White WA, Kenzie S, Snell-Rood EC. Nutrition shapes life-history evolution across species. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 283:20152764. [PMID: 27412282 PMCID: PMC4947880 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.2764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is a key component of life-history theory, yet we know little about how diet quality shapes life-history evolution across species. Here, we test whether quantitative measures of nutrition are linked to life-history evolution across 96 species of butterflies representing over 50 independent diet shifts. We find that butterflies feeding on high nitrogen host plants as larvae are more fecund, but their eggs are smaller relative to their body size. Nitrogen and sodium content of host plants are also both positively related to eye size. Some of these relationships show pronounced lineage-specific effects. Testis size is not related to nutrition. Additionally, the evolutionary timing of diet shifts is not important, suggesting that nutrition affects life histories regardless of the length of time a species has been adapting to its diet. Our results suggest that, at least for some lineages, species with higher nutrient diets can invest in a range of fitness-related traits like fecundity and eye size while allocating less to each egg as offspring have access to a richer diet. These results have important implications for the evolution of life histories in the face of anthropogenic changes in nutrient availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli M Swanson
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Anne Espeset
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St Paul, MN 55108, USA Department of Biology, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV 89509, USA
| | - Ihab Mikati
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Isaac Bolduc
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Robert Kulhanek
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - William A White
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Susan Kenzie
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Emilie C Snell-Rood
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
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33
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Liseki SD, Vane-Wright RI. Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamilies Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae and Charaxinae. J NAT HIST 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2015.1091106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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34
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Sekar S, Karanth KP. Does size matter? Comparative population genetics of two butterflies with different wingspans. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-015-0214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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Aduse-Poku K, Brattström O, Kodandaramaiah U, Lees DC, Brakefield PM, Wahlberg N. Systematics and historical biogeography of the old world butterfly subtribe Mycalesina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:167. [PMID: 26289424 PMCID: PMC4545879 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Butterflies of the subtribe Mycalesina have radiated successfully in almost all habitat types in Africa, Madagascar, the Indian subcontinent, Indo-China and Australasia. Studies aimed at understanding the reasons behind the evolutionary success of this spectacular Old World butterfly radiation have been hampered by the lack of a stable phylogeny for the group. Here, we have reconstructed a robust phylogenetic framework for the subtribe using 10 genes from 195 exemplar taxa. RESULTS We recovered seven well supported clades within the subtribe corresponding to the five traditional genera (Lohora, Heteropsis, Hallelesis, Bicyclus, Mycalesis), one as recently revised (Mydosama) and one newly revised genus (Culapa). The phylogenetic relationships of these mycalesine genera have been robustly established for the first time. Within the proposed phylogenetic framework, we estimated the crown age of the subtribe to be 40 Million years ago (Mya) and inferred its ultimate origin to be in Asia. Our results reveal both vicariance and dispersal as factors responsible for the current widespread distribution of the group in the Old World tropics. We inferred that the African continent has been colonized at least twice by Asian mycalesines within the last 26 and 23 Mya. In one possible scenario, an Asian ancestor gave rise to Heteropsis on continental Africa, which later dispersed into Madagascar and most likely back colonised Asia. The second colonization of Africa by Asian ancestors resulted in Hallelesis and Bicyclus on continental Africa, the descendants of which did not colonise other regions but rather diversified only in continental Africa. The genera Lohora and Mydosama are derivatives of ancestors from continental Asia. CONCLUSION Our proposed time-calibrated phylogeny now provides a solid framework within which we can implement mechanistic studies aimed at unravelling the ecological and evolutionary processes that culminated in the spectacular radiation of mycalesines in the Old World tropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwaku Aduse-Poku
- Department of Zoology, Radiating Butterflies Group, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, UK.
| | - Oskar Brattström
- Department of Zoology, Radiating Butterflies Group, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, UK.
| | - Ullasa Kodandaramaiah
- Department of Zoology, Radiating Butterflies Group, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, UK. .,School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), CET campus, Sreekaryam, Thiruvananthapuram Kerala, 695016, India.
| | - David C Lees
- Department of Zoology, Radiating Butterflies Group, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, UK.
| | - Paul M Brakefield
- Department of Zoology, Radiating Butterflies Group, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, UK.
| | - Niklas Wahlberg
- Department of Biology, NSG, Laboratory of Genetics, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland.
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36
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Barbosa EP, Silva AK, Paluch M, Azeredo-espin AML, Freitas AVL. Uncovering the hidden diversity of the Neotropical butterfly genus Yphthimoides Forster (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): description of three new species based on morphological and molecular data. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2015; 15:577-89. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-015-0221-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Peña C, Witthauer H, Klečková I, Fric Z, Wahlberg N. Adaptive radiations in butterflies: evolutionary history of the genusErebia(Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Peña
- Department of Biology; Laboratory of Genetics; University of Turku; 20014 Turku Finland
| | - Heike Witthauer
- Department of Biology; Laboratory of Genetics; University of Turku; 20014 Turku Finland
| | - Irena Klečková
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Institute of Entomology; Branišovská 31 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science; University of South Bohemia; Branišovská 31 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Fric
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Institute of Entomology; Branišovská 31 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science; University of South Bohemia; Branišovská 31 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Niklas Wahlberg
- Department of Biology; Laboratory of Genetics; University of Turku; 20014 Turku Finland
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Shi QH, Sun XY, Wang YL, Hao JS, Yang Q. Morphological characters are compatible with mitogenomic data in resolving the phylogeny of nymphalid butterflies (lepidoptera: papilionoidea: nymphalidae). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124349. [PMID: 25860387 PMCID: PMC4393276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nymphalidae is the largest family of butterflies with their phylogenetic relationships not adequately approached to date. The mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of 11 new nymphalid species were reported and a comparative mitogenomic analysis was conducted together with other 22 available nymphalid mitogenomes. A phylogenetic analysis of the 33 species from all 13 currently recognized nymphalid subfamilies was done based on the mitogenomic data set with three Lycaenidae species as the outgroups. The mitogenome comparison showed that the eleven new mitogenomes were similar with those of other butterflies in gene content and order. The reconstructed phylogenetic trees reveal that the nymphalids are made up of five major clades (the nymphaline, heliconiine, satyrine, danaine and libytheine clades), with sister relationship between subfamilies Cyrestinae and Biblidinae, and most likely between subfamilies Morphinae and Satyrinae. This whole mitogenome-based phylogeny is generally congruent with those of former studies based on nuclear-gene and mitogenomic analyses, but differs considerably from the result of morphological cladistic analysis, such as the basal position of Libytheinae in morpho-phylogeny is not confirmed in molecular studies. However, we found that the mitogenomic phylogeny established herein is compatible with selected morphological characters (including developmental and adult morpho-characters).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hui Shi
- College of life sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Sanming College, Sanming, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Liang Wang
- College of life sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Hao
- College of life sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Qun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Peña C, Espeland M. Diversity dynamics in Nymphalidae butterflies: effect of phylogenetic uncertainty on diversification rate shift estimates. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120928. [PMID: 25830910 PMCID: PMC4382342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The species rich butterfly family Nymphalidae has been used to study evolutionary interactions between plants and insects. Theories of insect-hostplant dynamics predict accelerated diversification due to key innovations. In evolutionary biology, analysis of maximum credibility trees in the software MEDUSA (modelling evolutionary diversity using stepwise AIC) is a popular method for estimation of shifts in diversification rates. We investigated whether phylogenetic uncertainty can produce different results by extending the method across a random sample of trees from the posterior distribution of a Bayesian run. Using the MultiMEDUSA approach, we found that phylogenetic uncertainty greatly affects diversification rate estimates. Different trees produced diversification rates ranging from high values to almost zero for the same clade, and both significant rate increase and decrease in some clades. Only four out of 18 significant shifts found on the maximum clade credibility tree were consistent across most of the sampled trees. Among these, we found accelerated diversification for Ithomiini butterflies. We used the binary speciation and extinction model (BiSSE) and found that a hostplant shift to Solanaceae is correlated with increased net diversification rates in Ithomiini, congruent with the diffuse cospeciation hypothesis. Our results show that taking phylogenetic uncertainty into account when estimating net diversification rate shifts is of great importance, as very different results can be obtained when using the maximum clade credibility tree and other trees from the posterior distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Peña
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marianne Espeland
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
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Yang M, Zhang Y. Phylogenetic utility of ribosomal genes for reconstructing the phylogeny of five Chinese satyrine tribes (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Zookeys 2015:105-20. [PMID: 25878526 PMCID: PMC4389127 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.488.9171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Satyrinae is one of twelve subfamilies of the butterfly family Nymphalidae, which currently includes nine tribes. However, phylogenetic relationships among them remain largely unresolved, though different researches have been conducted based on both morphological and molecular data. However, ribosomal genes have never been used in tribe level phylogenetic analyses of Satyrinae. In this study we investigate for the first time the phylogenetic relationships among the tribes Elymniini, Amathusiini, Zetherini and Melanitini which are indicated to be a monophyletic group, and the Satyrini, using two ribosomal genes (28s rDNA and 16s rDNA) and four protein-coding genes (EF-1α, COI, COII and Cytb). We mainly aim to assess the phylogenetic informativeness of the ribosomal genes as well as clarify the relationships among different tribes. Our results show the two ribosomal genes generally have the same high phylogenetic informativeness compared with EF-1α; and we infer the 28s rDNA would show better informativeness if the 28s rDNA sequence data for each sampling taxon are obtained in this study. The placement of the monotypic genus Callarge Leech in Zetherini is confirmed for the first time based on molecular evidence. In addition, our maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) trees consistently show that the involved Satyrinae including the Amathusiini is monophyletic with high support values. Although the relationships among the five tribes are identical among ML and BI analyses and are mostly strongly-supported in BI analysis, those in ML analysis are lowly- or moderately- supported. Therefore, the relationships among the related five tribes recovered herein need further verification based on more sampling taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yalin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Panigaj Ľ, Šemeláková M, Pristaš P. The phylogenetic relationship of Western Carpathians Erebia spp. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequence analysis. Biologia (Bratisl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2015-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wang H, Wahlberg N, Holloway JD, Bergsten J, Fan X, Janzen DH, Hallwachs W, Wen L, Wang M, Nylin S. Molecular phylogeny of Lymantriinae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea, Erebidae) inferred from eight gene regions. Cladistics 2015; 31:579-592. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Houshuai Wang
- Department of Entomology; College of Natural Resources & Environment; South China Agricultural University; 510642 Guangzhou China
- Department of Zoology; University of Stockholm; SE-10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Niklas Wahlberg
- Department of Biology; Laboratory of Genetics; University of Turku; 2014 Turku Finland
| | - Jeremy D. Holloway
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK
| | - Johannes Bergsten
- Department of Zoology; Swedish Museum of Natural History; SE-10405 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Xiaoling Fan
- Department of Entomology; College of Natural Resources & Environment; South China Agricultural University; 510642 Guangzhou China
| | - Daniel H. Janzen
- Department of Biology; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Winnie Hallwachs
- Department of Biology; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Lijun Wen
- Department of Entomology; College of Natural Resources & Environment; South China Agricultural University; 510642 Guangzhou China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Entomology; College of Natural Resources & Environment; South China Agricultural University; 510642 Guangzhou China
| | - Sӧren Nylin
- Department of Zoology; University of Stockholm; SE-10691 Stockholm Sweden
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Hamm CA, Fordyce JA. Patterns of host plant utilization and diversification in the brush-footed butterflies. Evolution 2015; 69:589-601. [PMID: 25546268 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herbivorous insects represent one of the most successful animal radiations known. They occupy a wide range of niches, feed on a great variety of plants, and are species rich; yet the factors that influence their diversification are poorly understood. Host breadth is often cited as a major factor influencing diversification, and, according to the Oscillation Hypothesis, shifts from generalist to specialist feeding states increase the diversification rate for a clade. We explored the relationship between host breadth and diversification within the Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera) and explicitly tested predictions of the Oscillation Hypothesis. We found strong evidence of diversification rate heterogeneity, but no difference in host breadth between clades with a higher diversification rate compared to their sisters. We also found some clades exhibited phylogenetic nonindependence in host breadth and these clades had lower host plant turnover than expected by chance, suggesting host breadth is evolutionarily constrained. Finally, we found that transitions among host breadth categories varied, but the likelihood of reductions in host breadth was greater than that of increases. Our results indicate host breadth is decoupled from diversification rate within the Nymphalidae, and that constraints on diet breadth might play an important role in the evolution of herbivorous insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Hamm
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, 5032 Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045.
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Romano JD, Tharp WG, Sarkar IN. Adapting simultaneous analysis phylogenomic techniques to study complex disease gene relationships. J Biomed Inform 2015; 54:10-38. [PMID: 25592479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of complex diseases remains a great challenge for biomedical researchers due to the myriad interactions of genetic and environmental factors. Network medicine approaches strive to accommodate these factors holistically. Phylogenomic techniques that can leverage available genomic data may provide an evolutionary perspective that may elucidate knowledge for gene networks of complex diseases and provide another source of information for network medicine approaches. Here, an automated method is presented that leverages publicly available genomic data and phylogenomic techniques, resulting in a gene network. The potential of approach is demonstrated based on a case study of nine genes associated with Alzheimer Disease, a complex neurodegenerative syndrome. The developed technique, which is incorporated into an update to a previously described Perl script called "ASAP," was implemented through a suite of Ruby scripts entitled "ASAP2," first compiles a list of sequence-similarity based orthologues using PSI-BLAST and a recursive NCBI BLAST+ search strategy, then constructs maximum parsimony phylogenetic trees for each set of nucleotide and protein sequences, and calculates phylogenetic metrics (Incongruence Length Difference between orthologue sets, partitioned Bremer support values, combined branch scores, and Robinson-Foulds distance) to provide an empirical assessment of evolutionary conservation within a given genetic network. In addition to the individual phylogenetic metrics, ASAP2 provides results in a way that can be used to generate a gene network that represents evolutionary similarity based on topological similarity (the Robinson-Foulds distance). The results of this study demonstrate the potential for using phylogenomic approaches that enable the study of multiple genes simultaneously to provide insights about potential gene relationships that can be studied within a network medicine framework that may not have been apparent using traditional, single-gene methods. Furthermore, the results provide an initial integrated evolutionary history of an Alzheimer Disease gene network and identify potentially important co-evolutionary clustering that may warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Romano
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - William G Tharp
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology Unit, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Indra Neil Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; Department of Computer Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
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Kreuzinger AJ, Fiedler K, Letsch H, Grill A. Tracing the radiation of Maniola (Nymphalidae) butterflies: new insights from phylogeography hint at one single incompletely differentiated species complex. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:46-58. [PMID: 25628863 PMCID: PMC4298433 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of DNA sequence data often leads to the recognition of cryptic species within putatively well-known taxa. The opposite case, detecting less diversity than originally described, has, however, far more rarely been documented. Maniola jurtina, the Meadow Brown butterfly, occurs all over Europe, whereas all other six species in the genus Maniola are restricted to the Mediterranean area. Among them, three are island endemics on Sardinia, Cyprus, and Chios, respectively. Maniola species are almost indistinguishable morphologically, and hybridization seems to occur occasionally. To clarify species boundaries and diversification history of the genus, we reconstructed the phylogeography and phylogeny of all seven species within Maniola analyzing 138 individuals from across its range using mitochondrial and nuclear genetic markers. Examination of variation in mitochondrial and nuclear DNA surprisingly revealed a case of taxonomic "oversplitting". The topology of the recovered phylogenetic tree is not consistent with accepted taxonomy, but rather reveals haplotype clades that are incongruent with nominal species boundaries: instead of seven species, we recognized only two major, yet incompletely segregated, lineages. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that Maniola originated in Africa. We suggest that one lineage dispersed over the Strait of Gibraltar and the Iberian Peninsula to the west of Europe, while the other lineage spreads eastward through Asia Minor and over the Bosporus to Eastern Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Konrad Fiedler
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Harald Letsch
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Grill
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
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Carneiro E, Mielke OHH, Casagrande MM, Fiedler K. Community structure of skipper butterflies (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae) along elevational gradients in Brazilian Atlantic forest reflects vegetation type rather than altitude. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108207. [PMID: 25272004 PMCID: PMC4182717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Species turnover across elevational gradients has matured into an important paradigm of community ecology. Here, we tested whether ecological and phylogenetic structure of skipper butterfly assemblages is more strongly structured according to altitude or vegetation type along three elevation gradients of moderate extent in Serra do Mar, Southern Brazil. Skippers were surveyed along three different mountain transects, and data on altitude and vegetation type of every collection site were recorded. NMDS ordination plots were used to assess community turnover and the influence of phylogenetic distance between species on apparent community patterns. Ordinations based on ecological similarity (Bray-Curtis index) were compared to those based on phylogenetic distance measures (MPD and MNTD) derived from a supertree. In the absence of a well-resolved phylogeny, various branch length transformation methods were applied together with four different null models, aiming to assess if results were confounded by low-resolution trees. Species composition as well as phylogenetic community structure of skipper butterflies were more prominently related to vegetation type instead of altitude per se. Phylogenetic distances reflected spatial community patterns less clearly than species composition, but revealed a more distinct fauna of monocot feeders associated with grassland habitats, implying that historical factors have played a fundamental role in shaping species composition across elevation gradients. Phylogenetic structure of community turned out to be a relevant additional tool which was even superior to identify faunal contrasts between forest and grassland habitats related to deep evolutionary splits. Since endemic skippers tend to occur in grassland habitats in the Serra do Mar, inclusion of phylogenetic diversity may also be important for conservation decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Carneiro
- Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Zoology Department, UFPR. Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Mirna Martins Casagrande
- Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Zoology Department, UFPR. Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Konrad Fiedler
- Division of Tropical Ecology & Animal Biodiversity, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Callerebia suroia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) was determined and analyzed in this paper. The circular genome is 15,208 bp long, including 37 typical mitochondrial genes and one non-coding AT-rich region. All protein-coding genes (PCGs) started with ATN, except for COI gene with CGA(R), which is often found in other butterflies; nine PCGs harbor the typical stop codon TAA, whereas COI, COII, ND5 and ND4 end with a single T. All tRNA genes display typical secondary clover-leaf structures, except for tRNA(Ser)(AGN), whose dihydrouridine (DHU) arm is replaced by a simple loop. The lrRNA and srRNA genes are 1,347 bp and 753 bp in length, with their AT contents of 84.4% and 85.4%, respectively. The 417 bp AT-rich region contains non repetitive sequences, but harbor several features common to the lepidopterans, including the motif ATAGA followed by a 19-bp poly-T stretch and a microsatellite-like (TA)8 element preceded by the ATTTA motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Shi
- a Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Biodiversity , College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University , Wuhu , P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- a Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Biodiversity , College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University , Wuhu , P. R. China
| | - Jiasheng Hao
- a Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Biodiversity , College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University , Wuhu , P. R. China
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Wu LW, Lin LH, Lees DC, Hsu YF. Mitogenomic sequences effectively recover relationships within brush-footed butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). BMC Genomics 2014; 15:468. [PMID: 24923777 PMCID: PMC4070565 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitogenomic phylogenies have revealed well-supported relationships for many eukaryote groups. In the order Lepidoptera, 113 species mitogenomes had been sequenced (May 14, 2014). However, these data are restricted to ten of the forty-three recognised superfamilies, while it has been challenging to recover large numbers of mitogenomes due to the time and cost required for primer design and sequencing. Nuclear rather than mitochondrial genes have been preferred to reconstruct deep-level lepidopteran phylogenies, without seriously evaluating the potential of entire mitogenomes. Next-generation sequencing methods remove these limitations by providing efficiently massive amounts of sequence data. In the present study, we simultaneously obtained a large number of nymphalid butterfly mitogenomes to evaluate the utility of mitogenomic phylogenies by comparing reconstructions to the now quite well established phylogeny of Nymphalidae. RESULTS We newly obtained 30 nymphalid mitogenomes via pyrosequencing on the Roche 454 GS Junior system, and combined these sequences with publicly accessible data to provide a 70-taxa dataset covering 37 genes for a 15,495 bp alignment. Polymorphic sites were not homogeneously distributed across the gene. Two gene regions, nad6 and 3' end of nad5, were most variable, whereas the cox1 and 5' ends of rrnL were most conserved. Phylogenetic relationships inferred by two likelihood methods were congruent and strongly supported (>0.95 posterior probability; ML bootstrap >85%), across the majority of nodes for multiple partitioning strategies and substitution models. Bayes factor results showed that the most highly partitioned dataset is the preferred strategy among different partitioning schemes. The most striking phylogenetic findings were that the subfamily Danainae not Libytheinae was sister of the remaining brush-footed butterflies and that, within Limenitidini, the genus Athyma was clearly polyphyletic. None of the single-gene phylogenies recovered the highly supported topologies generated on the basis of the whole mitogenomic data. CONCLUSIONS Thirty mitogenomes were assembled with 89% completeness from the contigs of pyrosequencing-derived reads. Entire mitogenomes or higher-quality sequences could be obtained by increasing pyrosequencing read coverage or by additional Sanger sequencing. Our mitogenomic phylogenies provide robust nodal support at a range of levels, demonstrating that mitogenomes are both accurate and efficient molecular markers for inferring butterfly phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Wu
- />Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hung Lin
- />Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David C Lees
- />Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yu-Feng Hsu
- />Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tretter ED, Johnson EM, Benny GL, Lichtwardt RW, Wang Y, Kandel P, Novak SJ, Smith JF, White MM. An eight-gene molecular phylogeny of the Kickxellomycotina, including the first phylogenetic placement of Asellariales. Mycologia 2014; 106:912-35. [PMID: 24891422 DOI: 10.3852/13-253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Kickxellomycotina is a recently described subphylum encompassing four zygomycete orders (Asellariales, Dimargaritales, Harpellales, Kickxellales). These fungi are united by the formation of disciform septal pores containing lenticular plugs. Morphological diversification and life history evolution has made the relationships within and among the four orders difficult to resolve on those grounds alone. Here we infer the phylogeny of the Kickxellomycotina based on an eight-gene supermatrix including both ribosomal rDNA (18S, 28S, 5.8S) and protein sequences (MCM7, TSR1, RPB1, RPB2, β-tubulin). The results of this study demonstrate that Kickxellomycotina is monophyletic and related to members of the Zoopagomycotina. Eight unique clades are distinguished in the Kickxellomycotina, including the four defined orders (Asellariales, Dimargaritales, Harpellales, Kickxellales) as well as four genera previously placed within two of these orders (Barbatospora, Orphella, Ramicandelaber, Spiromyces). Dimargaritales and Ramicandelaber are the earliest diverging members of the subphylum, although the relationship between these taxa remains uncertain. The remaining six clades form a monophyletic group, with Barbatospora diverging first. The next split divides the remaining members of the subphylum into two subclades: (i) Asellariales and Harpellales and (ii) Kickxellales, Orphella and Spiromyces. Estimation of ancestral states for four potentially informative morphological and ecological characters reveals that arthropod endosymbiosis might have been an important factor in the early evolution of the Kickxellomycotina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Tretter
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise, Idaho 83725-1515
| | - Eric M Johnson
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise, Idaho 83725-1515
| | - Gerald L Benny
- University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0680
| | - Robert W Lichtwardt
- University of Kansas, Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7534
| | - Yan Wang
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise, Idaho 83725-1515
| | - Prasanna Kandel
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise, Idaho 83725-1515
| | - Stephen J Novak
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise, Idaho 83725-1515
| | - James F Smith
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise, Idaho 83725-1515
| | - Merlin M White
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise, Idaho 83725-1515
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Miranda NEDO, Medeiros Maciel N, Pêssoa Tepedino K, Sebben A. Internal larval characters in anuran systematic studies: a phylogenetic hypothesis for Leptodactylus(Anura, Leptodactylidae). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Núbia Esther de Oliveira Miranda
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução; Laboratório de Genética e Biodiversidade; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia Goiás Brazil
- Laboratório de Anatomia Comparativa de Vertebrados; Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Natan Medeiros Maciel
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução; Laboratório de Genética e Biodiversidade; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia Goiás Brazil
- Laboratório de Herpetologia e Comportamento Animal; Departamento de Ecologia; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia Goiás Brazil
| | - Karla Pêssoa Tepedino
- Laboratório de Anatomia Comparativa de Vertebrados; Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Antonio Sebben
- Laboratório de Anatomia Comparativa de Vertebrados; Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
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