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Kamal MM, El-Abhar HS, Abdallah DM, Ahmed KA, Aly NES, Rabie MA. Mirabegron, dependent on β3-adrenergic receptor, alleviates mercuric chloride-induced kidney injury by reversing the impact on the inflammatory network, M1/M2 macrophages, and claudin-2. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111289. [PMID: 38016347 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) agonism mirabegron is used to treat overactive urinary bladder syndrome; however, its role against acute kidney injury (AKI) is not unveiled, hence, we aim to repurpose mirabegron in the treatment of mercuric chloride (HgCl2)-induced AKI. Rats were allocated into normal, normal + mirabegron, HgCl2 untreated, HgCl2 + mirabegron, and HgCl2 + the β3-AR blocker SR59230A + mirabegron. The latter increased the mRNA of β3-AR and miR-127 besides downregulating NF-κB p65 protein expression and the contents of its downstream targets iNOS, IL-4, -13, and -17 but increased that of IL-10 to attest its anti-inflammatory capacity. Besides, mirabegron downregulated the protein expression of STAT-6, PI3K, and ERK1/2, the downstream targets of the above cytokines. Additionally, it enhanced the transcription factor PPAR-α but turned off the harmful hub HNF-4α/HNF-1α and the lipid peroxide marker MDA. Mirabegron also downregulated the CD-163 protein expression, which besides the inhibited correlated cytokines of M1 (NF-κB p65, iNOS, IL-17) and M2 (IL-4, IL-13, CD163, STAT6, ERK1/2), inactivated the macrophage phenotypes. The crosstalk between these parameters was echoed in the maintenance of claudin-2, kidney function-related early (cystatin-C, KIM-1, NGAL), and late (creatinine, BUN) injury markers, besides recovering the microscopic structures. Nonetheless, the pre-administration of SR59230A has nullified the beneficial effects of mirabegron on the aforementioned parameters. Here we verified that mirabegron can berepurposedto treat HgCl2-induced AKI by activating the β3-AR. Mirabegron signified its effect by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and the activated M1/M2 macrophages, events that preserved the proximal tubular tight junction claudin-2 via the intersection of several trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Kamal
- Research Institute of Medical Entomology, General Organization for Teaching Hospitals and Institutes, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalaal M Abdallah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nour Eldin S Aly
- Research Institute of Medical Entomology, General Organization for Teaching Hospitals and Institutes, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Rabie
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Egyptian Chinese University (ECU), 19346, Egypt
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Liang D, Liu C, Yang M. Blood Cadmium and Abdominal Aortic Calcification in Population with Different Weight Statuses: a Population-Based Study. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2023; 16:1425-1438. [PMID: 37468727 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10414-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to assess the effect of blood cadmium levels (B-Cd) on abdominal aortic calcification (AAC). We used the data from the 2013-2014 NHANES database. A total of 1530 participants were included in our study, with a mean AAC score of 1.40 ± 0.10, and a prevalence of severe AAC of 7.98%. Participants with higher B-Cd quartiles showed a higher prevalence of severe AAC. B-Cd was positively associated with higher AAC scores and increased risk of severe AAC. In the obese population, blood cadmium levels showed a positive association with the risk of severe AAC. There may be a positive correlation between B-Cd levels and AAC scores and risk of severe AAC, and this correlation is more pronounced in the obese population. Therefore, the cadmium load in AAC patients in the obese population should be considered in clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liang
- Department of Endocrine, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Endocrine, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, China.
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Saouli A, Adjroud O, Ncir M, Bachir A, El Feki A. Attenuating effects of selenium and zinc against hexavalent chromium-induced oxidative stress, hormonal instability, and placenta damage in preimplanted rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:60050-60079. [PMID: 37017835 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26700-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
As a toxic metal, hexavalent chromium (CrVI) has effects on both the reproductive and endocrine systems. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) against the toxicity of chromium on the placenta in pregnant Wistar albino rats. Thirty pregnant Wistar rats were divided into control and four treated groups, receiving subcutaneously (s.c) on the 3rd day of pregnancy, K2Cr2O7 (10 mg/kg body weight (bw)) alone, or in association with Se (0.3 mg/kg bw), ZnCl2 (20 mg/kg bw), or both of them simultaneously. Plasma steroid hormones, placenta histoarchitecture, oxidative stress profile, and developmental parameters were investigated. These results showed that K2Cr2O7 exposure induced a significant increase in the levels of both plasma estradiol (E2) and placenta malondialdehyde (MDA), the number of fetal resorptions, and percent of post-implantation loss. On the other hand, K2Cr2O7 significantly reduced developmental parameters, maternal body and placenta weight, and plasma progesterone (P) and chorionic gonadotropin hormone (β HCG) levels. However, K2Cr2O7 significantly decreased the placenta activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), and nonprotein sulfhydryl (NPSH). These changes have been reinforced by histopathological evaluation of the placenta. Se and/or ZnCl2 supplementation provoked a significant improvement in most indices. These results suggest that the co-treatment with Se or ZnCl2 strongly opposes the placenta cytotoxicity induced by K2Cr2O7 through its antioxidant action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Saouli
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physio-Toxicology-Pathology and Biomolecules, Department of Biology of Organisms, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Batna 2, 5000, Batna, Algeria.
| | - Ounassa Adjroud
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physio-Toxicology-Pathology and Biomolecules, Department of Biology of Organisms, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Batna 2, 5000, Batna, Algeria
| | - Marwa Ncir
- Animal Eco-Physiology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Achouak Bachir
- Anatomy and Pathology Laboratory, EHS Salim Zemirli, 16200, El Harrach, Algeria
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Animal Eco-Physiology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
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Eddie-Amadi BF, Ezejiofor AN, Orish CN, Orisakwe OE. Zn and Se abrogate heavy metal mixture induced ovarian and thyroid oxido-inflammatory effects mediated by activation of NRF2-HMOX-1 in female albino rats. Curr Res Toxicol 2022; 4:100098. [PMID: 36624872 PMCID: PMC9823124 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2022.100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The thyroid is vital for the proper functioning of the female reproductive system since it regulates the metabolism and development of ovary. This is an evaluation of the essential trace elements ETE on the heavy metals mixture HMM mediated oxido-inflammatory effects in the ovary and thyroid of female albino rats. Eight groups (5 female rats /group) were treated as follows for 60 days: Group 1: Deionized water only; Group 2: (Pb, Hg, Mn and Al); Group 3: HMM + ZnCl2, 0.80 mg/kg; Group 4: HMM + Na2SeO3, 1.50 mg/kg; Group 5: HMM + ZnCl2, 0.80 mg/kg and Na2SeO3, 1.50 mg/kg combined. On day 60 animals were euthanized, ovary and thyroid were harvested and used for, MDA, NO, antioxidants, TNF-α, IL-6, HMOX-1, Caspase-3, NF-KB, NRF2, HM and histopathology. There was significant bioaccumulation of Pb, Al, Hg and MN; elevated IL-6 and TNF-α, MDA and NO, caspase-3 and NRF2, NFKB and HMOX-1 with significant decrease in antioxidants in the HMM only group in comparison to the control. Co-treatment with ETE reversed most of these effects. ETE may ameliorate HMM -induced ovarian and thyrotoxicity in female albino rats by blunting oxido-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boma F. Eddie-Amadi
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
| | - Anthonet N. Ezejiofor
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
| | - Chinna N. Orish
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
| | - Orish E. Orisakwe
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria,Corresponding author at: African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.
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Gardner DS, Allen JC, Goodson D, Harvey D, Sharman A, Skinner H, Szafranek A, Young JS, Bailey EH, Devonald MA. Urinary trace elements are biomarkers for early detection of acute kidney injury. Kidney Int Rep 2022; 7:1524-1538. [PMID: 35812272 PMCID: PMC9263416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Micronutrient Improvement of Epithelial Barrier Function in Various Disease States: A Case for Adjuvant Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062995. [PMID: 35328419 PMCID: PMC8951934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The published literature makes a very strong case that a wide range of disease morbidity associates with and may in part be due to epithelial barrier leak. An equally large body of published literature substantiates that a diverse group of micronutrients can reduce barrier leak across a wide array of epithelial tissue types, stemming from both cell culture as well as animal and human tissue models. Conversely, micronutrient deficiencies can exacerbate both barrier leak and morbidity. Focusing on zinc, Vitamin A and Vitamin D, this review shows that at concentrations above RDA levels but well below toxicity limits, these micronutrients can induce cell- and tissue-specific molecular-level changes in tight junctional complexes (and by other mechanisms) that reduce barrier leak. An opportunity now exists in critical care—but also medical prophylactic and therapeutic care in general—to consider implementation of select micronutrients at elevated dosages as adjuvant therapeutics in a variety of disease management. This consideration is particularly pointed amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Chen JH, Wu CH, Chiang CK. Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Proteostasis in Kidney Disease and Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168674. [PMID: 34445377 PMCID: PMC8395452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological insults usually disturb the folding capacity of cellular proteins and lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which leads to so-called “ER stress”. Increasing evidence indicates that ER stress acts as a trigger factor for the development and progression of many kidney diseases. The unfolded protein responses (UPRs), a set of molecular signals that resume proteostasis under ER stress, are thought to restore the adaptive process in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal fibrosis. Furthermore, the idea of targeting UPRs for CKD treatment has been well discussed in the past decade. This review summarizes the up-to-date literature regarding studies on the relationship between the UPRs, systemic fibrosis, and renal diseases. We also address the potential therapeutic possibilities of renal diseases based on the modulation of UPRs and ER proteostasis. Finally, we list some of the current UPR modulators and their therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Huang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan; (J.-H.C.); (C.-H.W.)
| | - Chia-Hsien Wu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan; (J.-H.C.); (C.-H.W.)
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan; (J.-H.C.); (C.-H.W.)
- Department of Integrated Diagnostics & Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10672, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 88347)
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Chargui A, Belaid A, Ndiaye PD, Imbert V, Samson M, Guigonis JM, Tauc M, Peyron JF, Poujeol P, Brest P, Hofman P, Mograbi B. The Carcinogen Cadmium Activates Lysine 63 (K63)-Linked Ubiquitin-Dependent Signaling and Inhibits Selective Autophagy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2490. [PMID: 34065348 PMCID: PMC8161291 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling, proliferation, and inflammation are dependent on K63-linked ubiquitination-conjugation of a chain of ubiquitin molecules linked via lysine 63. However, very little information is currently available about how K63-linked ubiquitination is subverted in cancer. The present study provides, for the first time, evidence that cadmium (Cd), a widespread environmental carcinogen, is a potent activator of K63-linked ubiquitination, independently of oxidative damage, activation of ubiquitin ligase, or proteasome impairment. We show that Cd induces the formation of protein aggregates that sequester and inactivate cylindromatosis (CYLD) and selective autophagy, two tumor suppressors that deubiquitinate and degrade K63-ubiquitinated proteins, respectively. The aggregates are constituted of substrates of selective autophagy-SQSTM1, K63-ubiquitinated proteins, and mitochondria. These protein aggregates also cluster double-membrane remnants, which suggests an impairment in autophagosome maturation. However, failure to eliminate these selective cargos is not due to alterations in the general autophagy process, as degradation of long-lived proteins occurs normally. We propose that the simultaneous disruption of CYLD and selective autophagy by Cd feeds a vicious cycle that further amplifies K63-linked ubiquitination and downstream activation of the NF-κB pathway, processes that support cancer progression. These novel findings link together impairment of selective autophagy, K63-linked ubiquitination, and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahman Chargui
- Université Côte d’Azur, Institute of Research on Cancer and Aging in Nice (IRCAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OncoAge, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, F-06189 Nice, France; (A.C.); (A.B.); (P.D.N.); (P.B.); (P.H.)
- Higher School of Agriculture of Kef, University Jendouba, Le Kef and Laboratory of Histology, Embryology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, 7110 Le Kef, Tunisia
| | - Amine Belaid
- Université Côte d’Azur, Institute of Research on Cancer and Aging in Nice (IRCAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OncoAge, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, F-06189 Nice, France; (A.C.); (A.B.); (P.D.N.); (P.B.); (P.H.)
| | - Papa Diogop Ndiaye
- Université Côte d’Azur, Institute of Research on Cancer and Aging in Nice (IRCAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OncoAge, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, F-06189 Nice, France; (A.C.); (A.B.); (P.D.N.); (P.B.); (P.H.)
| | - Véronique Imbert
- Université Côte d’Azur, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), F-06204 Nice, France; (V.I.); (J.-F.P.)
| | - Michel Samson
- Université Côte d’Azur, Laboratory Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), F-06107 Nice, France; (M.S.); (J.-M.G.)
| | - Jean-Marie Guigonis
- Université Côte d’Azur, Laboratory Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), F-06107 Nice, France; (M.S.); (J.-M.G.)
| | - Michel Tauc
- Université Côte d’Azur, Laboratoire de Physiomédecine Moléculaire, LP2M, Labex ICST, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), F-06107 Nice, France; (M.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Jean-François Peyron
- Université Côte d’Azur, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), F-06204 Nice, France; (V.I.); (J.-F.P.)
| | - Philippe Poujeol
- Université Côte d’Azur, Laboratoire de Physiomédecine Moléculaire, LP2M, Labex ICST, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), F-06107 Nice, France; (M.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Patrick Brest
- Université Côte d’Azur, Institute of Research on Cancer and Aging in Nice (IRCAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OncoAge, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, F-06189 Nice, France; (A.C.); (A.B.); (P.D.N.); (P.B.); (P.H.)
| | - Paul Hofman
- Université Côte d’Azur, Institute of Research on Cancer and Aging in Nice (IRCAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OncoAge, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, F-06189 Nice, France; (A.C.); (A.B.); (P.D.N.); (P.B.); (P.H.)
- Université Côte d’Azur, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, FHU OncoAge, Hospital-Integrated Biobank (BB-0033-00025), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Nice, F-06001 Nice, France
| | - Baharia Mograbi
- Université Côte d’Azur, Institute of Research on Cancer and Aging in Nice (IRCAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OncoAge, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, F-06189 Nice, France; (A.C.); (A.B.); (P.D.N.); (P.B.); (P.H.)
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Fedala A, Adjroud O, Abid-Essefi S, Timoumi R. Protective effects of selenium and zinc against potassium dichromate-induced thyroid disruption, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in pregnant Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:22563-22576. [PMID: 33423197 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) is an environmental pollutant and an endocrine-disrupting metal. Se and Zn are essential trace elements, known to play a crucial role in thyroid homeostasis. However, there is a lack of data reporting thyrotoxicity during gestation. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of selenium and zinc against potassium dichromate-induced thyrotoxicity in pregnant Wistar rats. Thirty pregnant Wistar rats were divided into control and four treated groups receiving subcutaneously (s.c) on the 3rd day of pregnancy, K2Cr2O7 (10 mg/kg, s.c) alone, or in association with Se (0.3 mg/kg, s.c), ZnCl2 (20 mg/kg, s.c), or both of them simultaneously. The hormonal profile, oxidative stress biomarkers, DNA damage, and histological modifications were evaluated. Our main findings showed that K2Cr2O7 promoted hypothyroidism, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and histological alterations in the thyroid gland. The co-treatment with Se or ZnCl2 has mitigated K2Cr2O7-induced thyrotoxicity in pregnant Wistar rats by exhibiting antioxidant and genoprotective effects. However, the combined co-treatment of both of them was less thyroprotective, and therefore, further investigations on the synergetic interaction of Se and Zn against CrVI toxicity using different doses and exposure routes are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anfal Fedala
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiotoxicology-Biomolecules, Faculty of Science of Nature and Life, Department of Biology of Organisms, University of Batna 2, Fesdis, 5000, Batna, Algeria.
| | - Ounassa Adjroud
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiotoxicology-Biomolecules, Faculty of Science of Nature and Life, Department of Biology of Organisms, University of Batna 2, Fesdis, 5000, Batna, Algeria
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Rim Timoumi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
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Filimon MN, Dumitrescu G, Caraba IV, Sinitean A, Verdes D, Mituletu M, Cornianu M, Popescu R. Effects of mine waste water on rat: bioaccumulation and histopathological evaluation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:20222-20239. [PMID: 33410069 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11844-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The highlighting of the bioaccumulation capacity of metals in the internal organs, the mode of distribution at the level of internal organs, the interactions between them, respectively, and the histological changes occurred at the level of the liver and kidneys are the main aspects addressed in the present study. The experiment was performed on 4 groups of Wistar rats: 3 groups which were administered water from rivers located in the vicinity of the Bor mining operation and 1 control group. The determination of the metal content in the administered water samples and in the internal organs was performed using the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Tissue alterations were assessed by histological technique and hematoxylin-eosin staining. The metal retention capacity in the internal organs differs depending on the metal concentration in the administered water sample but also on the organ in which the determination was made. Also, correlations were established between the concentrations of metals at the level of the organs, showing (a) positive and significant correlations-at the level of the heart between Zn and Cu, Fe, and Mn and at the level of the lungs between Mn and Cd-but the most numerous were reported in the testicle; (b) moderate correlations at liver level between Fe and Zn, at spleen level between Cu and Mn and Cd and at the level of the kidneys between Pb and Zn, Cu, and Fe; (c) negative correlations at renal level between Pb and Mn; and (d) insignificant correlations between Pb and Fe. The histological changes identified at the level of the liver and kidney become more obvious, and their aggravation is registered with the increase of the metal content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marioara Nicoleta Filimon
- Department Biology-Chemistry, Faculty Chemistry-Biology-Geography, West University of Timisoara, Pestalozzi 16, RO 300315, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Gabi Dumitrescu
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Mihai I of Romania" from Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, RO 300645, Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Ion Valeriu Caraba
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Mihai I of Romania" from Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, RO 300645, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Sinitean
- Department Biology-Chemistry, Faculty Chemistry-Biology-Geography, West University of Timisoara, Pestalozzi 16, RO 300315, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Doina Verdes
- Department of Morphologic microscopy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", E. Murgu 2, RO 300041, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihai Mituletu
- Department of Morphologic microscopy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", E. Murgu 2, RO 300041, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marioara Cornianu
- Department of Morphologic microscopy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", E. Murgu 2, RO 300041, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Popescu
- Department of Morphologic microscopy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", E. Murgu 2, RO 300041, Timisoara, Romania
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Wang M, Chen Z, Song W, Hong D, Huang L, Li Y. A review on Cadmium Exposure in the Population and Intervention Strategies Against Cadmium Toxicity. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 106:65-74. [PMID: 33486543 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-03088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rapid industrial development has led to serious cadmium (Cd) pollution. Cd is a toxic heavy metal placing severe health threat to human. Cd can enter the body through the atmosphere, water, soil and food, and has a long half-life (10-30 years), it largely accumulates in kidneys, liver, bone and other organs and causes irreversible damage to the target organs. Cd pollution has also further caused certain carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk. This study summarizes the current situation of Cd pollution, the toxicity of specific target organs, carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk in the general population, as well as dietary supplements to prevent and mitigate Cd toxication, which aims to focus on the adverse effects of Cd to human from both individual and population perspectives, hoping that not only the health risk of Cd poisoning can be reduced, but also the accurate prevention and control of Cd poisoning can be achieved in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaofang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Song
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dezi Hong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Che L, Wu ZL, Huang LY, Wu JS, Du ZB, Lin JX, Su YH, Chen XX, Lin ZN, Lin YC. MicroRNA-101 inhibits cadmium-induced angiogenesis by targeting cyclooxygenase-2 in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 189:114192. [PMID: 32783891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to toxic metal contaminants, such as cadmium compounds (Cd2+), has been shown to induce adverse effects on various organs and tissues. In particular, blood vessels are severely impacted by Cd2+ exposure, which may lead to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). According to previous studies, CVDs are associated with increased cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) levels. However, the mechanisms by which CdCl2-induced COX-2 overexpression leads to cardiovascular dysfunction remain unclear. Herein, we show that the relative gene expressions of VEGF and PTGS2 (COX-2 encoding gene) are positively correlated in CVDs patients. Moreover, we demonstrate that the in vitro administration of CdCl2 induces cytotoxicity and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The induction of ER stress and the overexpression of COX-2 in CdCl2-treated cells alters the protein level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), resulting in abnormal angiogenesis and increased cytotoxicity. At the pre-transcription level, the inhibition of ER stress by siGRP78 (a key mediator of ER stress) can restore normal angiogenesis in the CdCl2-exposed cells. Meanwhile, at the transcription level, the adverse effects of CdCl2 exposure may be reversed via genetic modification with siRNA (siPTGS2) or by using phytochemical inhibitors (parthenolide, PN) of COX-2. Finally, at the post-transcription level, COX-2 expression may be restricted by the binding of microRNA-101 (miR-101) to the 3'-UTR of PTGS2 mRNA. The use of mimic miR-101 (mi101) to induce the expression of miR-101 eventually leads to reduced COX-2 protein levels, relieved ER stress, and less abnormal angiogenesis and cytotoxicity of CdCl2-exposed primary HUVECs. Overall, our results suggest that CdCl2-induced abnormal angiogenesis is mediated by miR-101/COX-2/VEGF-axis-dependent ER stress, and that cardiovascular dysfunction may be controlled by manipulating COX-2 at the pre-transcription, transcription, and post-transcription levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Che
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zi-Li Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lian-Yun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jia-Shen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ze-Bang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jin-Xian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yan-Hua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhong-Ning Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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13
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Domingo-Relloso A, Grau-Perez M, Galan-Chilet I, Garrido-Martinez MJ, Tormos C, Navas-Acien A, Gomez-Ariza JL, Monzo-Beltran L, Saez-Tormo G, Garcia-Barrera T, Dueñas Laita A, Briongos Figuero LS, Martin-Escudero JC, Chaves FJ, Redon J, Tellez-Plaza M. Urinary metals and metal mixtures and oxidative stress biomarkers in an adult population from Spain: The Hortega Study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 123:171-180. [PMID: 30529889 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have investigated the role of exposure to metals and metal mixtures on oxidative stress in the general population. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the cross-sectional association of urinary metal and metal mixtures with urinary oxidative stress biomarkers, including oxidized to reduced glutathione ratio (GSSG/GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8‑oxo‑7,8‑dihydroguanine (8-oxo-dG), in a representative sample of a general population from Spain (Hortega Study). METHODS Urine antimony (Sb), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn) were measured by ICPMS in 1440 Hortega Study participants. RESULTS The geometric mean ratios (GMRs) of GSSG/GSH comparing the 80th to the 20th percentiles of metal distributions were 1.15 (95% confidence intervals [95% CI]: 1.03-1.27) for Mo, 1.17 (1.05-1.31) for Ba, 1.23 (1.04-1.46) for Cr and 1.18 (1.00-1.40) for V. For MDA, the corresponding GMRs (95% CI) were 1.13 (1.03-1.24) for Zn and 1.12 (1.02-1.23) for Cd. In 8-oxo-dG models, the corresponding GMR (95% CI) were 1.12 (1.01-1.23) for Zn and 1.09 (0.99-1.20) for Cd. Cr for GSSG/GSH and Zn for MDA and 8-oxo-dG drove most of the observed associations. Principal component (PC) 1 (largely reflecting non-essential metals) was positively associated with GSSG/GSH. The association of PC2 (largely reflecting essential metals) was positive for GSSG/GSH but inverse for MDA. CONCLUSIONS Urine Ba, Cd, Cr, Mo, V and Zn were positively associated with oxidative stress measures at metal exposure levels relevant for the general population. The potential health consequences of environmental, including nutritional, exposure to these metals warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arce Domingo-Relloso
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Maria Grau-Perez
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, USA.
| | - Inmaculada Galan-Chilet
- Genomics and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Institute for Biomedical Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria J Garrido-Martinez
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Tormos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine-INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | | | - Lidia Monzo-Beltran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine-INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Saez-Tormo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine-INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Service of Clinical Analyses, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - F Javier Chaves
- Genomics and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Institute for Biomedical Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Redon
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institutes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institutes, Madrid, Spain; Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, USA
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14
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Chen X, Wang Z, Zhu G, Nordberg GF, Ding X, Jin T. The Association Between Renal Tubular Dysfunction and Zinc Level in a Chinese Population Environmentally Exposed to Cadmium. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 186:114-121. [PMID: 29574673 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies in vivo and in vitro have shown a protective effect of zinc against renal dysfunction caused by cadmium exposure. However, limited human data is available. In this study, we evaluated the association between renal tubular dysfunction and body zinc burden in a Chinese population exposed to cadmium. A total of 331 subjects (170 women and 161 men) living in control and cadmium-polluted area were included. Blood cadmium (BCd), urinary cadmium (UCd), serum zinc (SZn), zinc in hair (HZn), Zn/Cd ratio, and urinary β2Microglobulin (UBMG) were measured. The median UCd, BCd, SZn, and HZn were 2.8 and 13.6 μg/g cr, 1.3 and 12.2 μg/L, 1.31 and 1.12 mg/L, and 0.14 and 0.12 mg/g in subjects living in control and polluted areas. The UBMG level of subjects living in the polluted area was significantly higher than that of the control (0.27 vs 0.11 mg/g cr, p < 0.01). SZn, HZn, and Zn/Cd ratios were negatively correlated with UBMG (p < 0.05 or 0.01). Subjects with high SZn concentrations (≥ 1.62 mg/L) had reduced risks of elevated UBMG [(odds ratio (OR) = 0.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07-0.99)] after controlling for multiple covariates compared with those with lower zinc levels. A similar result was observed in subjects with high HZn (OR = 0.09, 95% CI 0.02-0.48). The ORs of the second, third, and fourth quartiles of Zn/Cd ratio were 0.40 (95% CI 0.19-0.84), 0.14 (95% CI 0.06-0.37), and 0.01 (95% CI 0.02-0.18) for renal dysfunction compared with those of the first quartile, respectively. For those subjects with high level of UCd, high level of SZn and HZn also had reduced risks of elevated UBMG. The results of the present study show that high zinc body burden is associated with a decrease risk of renal tubular dysfunction induced by cadmium. Zinc nutritional status should be considered in evaluating cadmium-induced renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of kidney and Dialysis, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, 180 Fenglin road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Guoying Zhu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, 2094 Xietu road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Gunnar F Nordberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of kidney and Dialysis, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, 180 Fenglin road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Taiyi Jin
- Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 150 Dongan road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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15
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Babaknejad N, Bahrami S, Moshtaghie AA, Nayeri H, Rajabi P, Iranpour FG. Cadmium Testicular Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats: Protective Roles of Zinc and Magnesium. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 185:106-115. [PMID: 29238917 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1218-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic element, which may cause toxicity to most organs in the body. Zinc (Zn) and magnesium (Mg) are essential minerals with probable benefits on Cd harmful effects. Finding an efficient and non-pathological treatment against Cd toxicity seems promising. Fifty adult rats were divided into ten experimental groups of five rats each. The Cd group was treated with 1 mg Cd/kg and the control group received 0.5 cm3 normal saline. The other eight groups received Zn (0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg) and Mg (0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg) either alone or in combination with 1 mg Cd/kg through IP injection for 3 weeks. Testis malondialdehyde (MDA), sperm parameters, and testis histopathology were investigated. Cd reduced sperm parameters and increased testis MDA. Moreover, Cd exposure caused a significant histological damage in testis of male rats. However, Zn or Mg treatment prevented and reversed Cd toxic alterations in testis. These findings suggest that co-administration of Zn or Mg could improve cadmium testicular toxicity in male Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Babaknejad
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 81465-1148, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Somaye Bahrami
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 81465-1148, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Moshtaghie
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 81465-1148, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hashem Nayeri
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 81465-1148, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Parvin Rajabi
- Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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16
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Hejazy M, Koohi MK. Effects of Nano-zinc on Biochemical Parameters in Cadmium-Exposed Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 180:265-274. [PMID: 28417309 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic environmental and occupational pollutant with reported toxic effects on the kidneys, liver, lungs, bones, and the immunity system. Based on its physicochemical similarity to cadmium, zinc (Zn) shows protective effects against cadmium toxicity and cadmium accumulation in the body. Nano-zinc and nano-zinc oxide (ZnO), recently used in foods and pharmaceutical products, can release a great amount of Zn2+ in their environment. This research was carried out to investigate the more potent properties of the metal zinc among sub-acute cadmium intoxicated rats. Seventy-five male Wistar rats were caged in 15 groups. Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) was used in drinking water to induce cadmium toxicity. Different sizes (15, 20, and 30 nm) and doses of nano-zinc particles (3, 10, 100 mg/kg body weight [bw]) were administered solely and simultaneously with CdCl2 (2-5 mg/kg bw) for 28 days. The experimental animals were decapitated, and the biochemical biomarkers (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) were determined in their serum after oral exposure to nano-zinc and cadmium. Statistical analysis was carried out with a one-way ANOVA and t test. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The haematocrit (HCT) significantly increased and blood coagulation time significantly reduced in the nano-zinc-treated rats. AST, ALT, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL, and free fatty acids increased significantly in the cadmium- and nano-zinc-treated rats compared with the controls. However, albumin, total protein, and HDLc significantly decreased in the cadmium- and nano-zinc-treated rats compared with the controls (P < 0.05). It seems that in the oral administration of nano-zinc, the smaller sizes with low doses and the larger sizes with high doses are more toxic than metallic zinc. In a few cases, an inverse dose-dependent relationship was seen as well. This research showed that in spite of larger sizes of zinc, smaller sizes of nano-zinc particles are not suitable for protection against cadmium intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzie Hejazy
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Kazem Koohi
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Bulat Z, Đukić-Ćosić D, Antonijević B, Buha A, Bulat P, Pavlović Z, Matović V. Can zinc supplementation ameliorate cadmium-induced alterations in the bioelement content in rabbits? Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2017; 68:38-45. [PMID: 28365673 DOI: 10.1515/aiht-2017-68-2919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was designed to investigate the influence of zinc (Zn) supplementation on cadmium-induced alterations in zinc, copper (Cu), and magnesium (Mg) status in rabbits. For this purpose, the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), Zn, Cu, and Mg were estimated in the blood, liver, kidney, and bone. The rabbits were divided in a control group, a Cd group-animals intoxicated orally with Cd (10 mg kg-1 bw, as aqueous solution of Cd-chloride), and a Cd+Zn group-animals intoxicated with the same dose of Cd and co-treated with Zn (20 mg kg-1 bw, as aqueous solution of Zn-sulphate). Solutions were administered orally, every day for 28 days. Sample mineralisation was performed with concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) and perchloric acid (HClO4) (4:1) and metal concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Zinc supplementation improved some of Cd-induced disturbances in bioelement levels in the investigated tissues. Beneficial effects of Zn on Zn and Cu levels were observed in blood, as well as on the Cu kidney level. The calculated values for Cu/Zn, Mg/Zn, and Mg/Cu ratios in blood suggest that Zn co-treatment reduces Cd-induced changes in bioelement ratios in blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorica Bulat
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade
| | | | | | - Aleksandra Buha
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Petar Bulat
- Institute of Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine
| | - Zoran Pavlović
- University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Institute for Public Health Požarevac, Požarevac
| | - Vesna Matović
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Faculty of Pharmacy
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18
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Jacobson T, Priya S, Sharma SK, Andersson S, Jakobsson S, Tanghe R, Ashouri A, Rauch S, Goloubinoff P, Christen P, Tamás MJ. Cadmium Causes Misfolding and Aggregation of Cytosolic Proteins in Yeast. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:e00490-16. [PMID: 28606932 PMCID: PMC5559669 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00490-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a highly poisonous metal and is classified as a human carcinogen. While its toxicity is undisputed, the underlying in vivo molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that cadmium induces aggregation of cytosolic proteins in living Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Cadmium primarily targets proteins in the process of synthesis or folding, probably by interacting with exposed thiol groups in not-yet-folded proteins. On the basis of in vitro and in vivo data, we show that cadmium-aggregated proteins form seeds that increase the misfolding of other proteins. Cells that cannot efficiently protect the proteome from cadmium-induced aggregation or clear the cytosol of protein aggregates are sensitized to cadmium. Thus, protein aggregation may contribute to cadmium toxicity. This is the first report on how cadmium causes misfolding and aggregation of cytosolic proteins in vivo The proposed mechanism might explain not only the molecular basis of the toxic effects of cadmium but also the suggested role of this poisonous metal in the pathogenesis of certain protein-folding disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese Jacobson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Smriti Priya
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep K Sharma
- Nanotherapeutics and Nanomaterial Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Stefanie Andersson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Jakobsson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robbe Tanghe
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Arghavan Ashouri
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sebastien Rauch
- Water Environment Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pierre Goloubinoff
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Christen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus J Tamás
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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19
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Bonaventura P, Lamboux A, Albarède F, Miossec P. Regulatory effects of zinc on cadmium-induced cytotoxicity in chronic inflammation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180879. [PMID: 28742830 PMCID: PMC5526586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Zinc (Zn) has major effects on immune system activation while Cadmium (Cd) has anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects in several chronic inflammatory contexts. The aim of this work was to investigate by which mechanisms Zn could compete with Cd and eventually counteract its deleterious effects. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synoviocytes exposed to cytokines were used as a model of chronic inflammation; osteoarthritis (OA) synoviocytes were used as control. METHODS Cell/medium fractionation constants were analyzed for different metals by inductively-coupled-plasma mass-spectrometry by comparison to the 70Zn spike. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were used to mimic inflammation. Gene expression of ZIP-8 importer, metallothioneins-1 (MT-1s) and the ratio between metalloprotease-3 and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (MMP-3)/TIMP-1) were evaluated after pre-exposure to cytokines and Cd, with or without the addition of exogenous Zn (0.9 ppm). Cell viability was measured by neutral red assay and IL-6 production by ELISA. RESULTS Synoviocytes selectively absorbed and retained Cd in comparison to Zn. Metal import increased with IL-17/TNF-α exposure, through the enhanced ZIP-8 expression. Zn did not modify ZIP-8 expression, while Cd reduced it (p<0.05). Zn induced a reduction of Cd-induced MT-1s expression, in particular of MT-1X (3-fold), and subsequently the final intra-cellular content of Cd. By reducing Cd accumulation in cells, Zn reversed Cd anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects but preserved the low MMP-3/TIMP-1 ratio induced by Cd, which was enhanced by inflammatory conditions. CONCLUSION Zinc counteracts the deleterious effect of Cd by reducing its import and accumulation in the cell, without the reactivation of destructive pathways such as MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bonaventura
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and inflammation research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Aline Lamboux
- Geology Laboratory–Department of Earth Sciences, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Francis Albarède
- Geology Laboratory–Department of Earth Sciences, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Miossec
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and inflammation research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
- * E-mail:
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20
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Jacobo-Estrada T, Santoyo-Sánchez M, Thévenod F, Barbier O. Cadmium Handling, Toxicity and Molecular Targets Involved during Pregnancy: Lessons from Experimental Models. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071590. [PMID: 28737682 PMCID: PMC5536077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Even decades after the discovery of Cadmium (Cd) toxicity, research on this heavy metal is still a hot topic in scientific literature: as we wrote this review, more than 1440 scientific articles had been published and listed by the PubMed.gov website during 2017. Cadmium is one of the most common and harmful heavy metals present in our environment. Since pregnancy is a very particular physiological condition that could impact and modify essential pathways involved in the handling of Cd, the prenatal life is a critical stage for exposure to this non-essential element. To give the reader an overview of the possible mechanisms involved in the multiple organ toxic effects in fetuses after the exposure to Cd during pregnancy, we decided to compile some of the most relevant experimental studies performed in experimental models and to summarize the advances in this field such as the Cd distribution and the factors that could alter it (diet, binding-proteins and membrane transporters), the Cd-induced toxicity in dams (preeclampsia, fertility, kidney injury, alteration in essential element homeostasis and bone mineralization), in placenta and in fetus (teratogenicity, central nervous system, liver and kidney).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Jacobo-Estrada
- Departamento de Sociedad y Política Ambiental, CIIEMAD, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 30 de Junio de 1520 s/n, La Laguna Ticomán, Ciudad de México 07340, Mexico.
| | - Mitzi Santoyo-Sánchez
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Gustavo A. Madero, San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
| | - Frank Thévenod
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology & Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), Faculty of Health-School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), D 58453 Witten, Germany.
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Gustavo A. Madero, San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
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Orr SE, Bridges CC. Chronic Kidney Disease and Exposure to Nephrotoxic Metals. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051039. [PMID: 28498320 PMCID: PMC5454951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common progressive disease that is typically characterized by the permanent loss of functional nephrons. As injured nephrons become sclerotic and die, the remaining healthy nephrons undergo numerous structural, molecular, and functional changes in an attempt to compensate for the loss of diseased nephrons. These compensatory changes enable the kidney to maintain fluid and solute homeostasis until approximately 75% of nephrons are lost. As CKD continues to progress, glomerular filtration rate decreases, and remaining nephrons are unable to effectively eliminate metabolic wastes and environmental toxicants from the body. This inability may enhance mortality and/or morbidity of an individual. Environmental toxicants of particular concern are arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury. Since these metals are present throughout the environment and exposure to one or more of these metals is unavoidable, it is important that the way in which these metals are handled by target organs in normal and disease states is understood completely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Orr
- Mercer University School of Medicine, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, 1550 College St., Macon, GA 31207, USA.
| | - Christy C Bridges
- Mercer University School of Medicine, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, 1550 College St., Macon, GA 31207, USA.
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22
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Venter C, Oberholzer HM, Cummings FR, Bester MJ. Effects of metals cadmium and chromium alone and in combination on the liver and kidney tissue of male Spraque-Dawley rats: An ultrastructural and electron-energy-loss spectroscopy investigation. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 80:878-888. [PMID: 28401733 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has increased in the last decades. Water sources are contaminated and human exposure is often long term exposure to variable amounts of different metals. In this study, male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed via oral gavage for 28 days to cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr), alone and in combination at concentrations 1000 times the human World Health Organization's acceptable water limits. Rat equivalent dosages were used. Blood markers of liver and kidney function were measured, changes to cellular morphology was determined with transmission electron microscopy and the intracellular metal localisation was determined with the electron energy-loss spectroscopy and energy filtered transmission electron microscopy analysis. Both Cd and Cr caused changes to the nuclear and mitochondrial membranes and irregular chromatin condensation of hepatocytes. Cr exposure caused dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER). The combination caused nuclear and mitochondrial membrane damage as well as irregular chromatin condensation. In the kidney tissue, Cd caused irregular chromatin condensation in the cells of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). Cr caused changes to the outer nuclear and mitochondrial membrane and chromatin structure. The combination group caused membrane damage, irregular chromatin condensation and rER changes in the PCT. All the metal groups showed damage to the endothelial cells and pedicles, but not to the mesangial cells. Cd and Cr bio-accumulation was observed in the nucleus, mitochondria and rER of the liver and kidney and therefore are responsible for the cellular observed damage that can cause functional changes to the tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantelle Venter
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag x323, Arcadia, 0007, South Africa
| | - Hester Magdalena Oberholzer
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag x323, Arcadia, 0007, South Africa
| | | | - Megan Jean Bester
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag x323, Arcadia, 0007, South Africa
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Salehipour M, Monabbati A, Ensafdaran MR, Adib A, Babaei AH. The effect of zinc on healing of renal damage in rats. J Nephropathol 2017; 6:157-162. [PMID: 28975095 PMCID: PMC5607977 DOI: 10.15171/jnp.2017.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Several studies have previously been performed to promote kidney healing after injuries. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zinc on renal healing after traumatic injury in rats.
Materials and Methods:
Forty healthy female rats were selected and one of their kidneys was incised. Half of the incisions were limited only to the cortex (renal injury type I) and the other ones reached the pelvocalyceal system of the kidney (renal injury type II). All the rats in the zinc treated group (case group) received 36.3 mg zinc sulfate (contained 8.25 mg zinc) orally. After 28 days, the damaged kidneys were removed for histopathological studies.
Results:
In the rats with type I injury, kidney inflammation of the case group was significantly lower than that of the control group. However, the result was not significant in rats with type II injury. Tissue loss and granulation tissue formation were significantly lower in the case group than the control group in both type I and II kidney injuries.
Conclusions:
Overall, Zinc can contribute to better healing of the rat’s kidneys after a traumatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Salehipour
- Department of Urology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Monabbati
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Ali Adib
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Babaei
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Babaknejad N, Moshtaghie AA, Nayeri H, Hani M, Bahrami S. Protective Role of Zinc and Magnesium against Cadmium Nephrotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 174:112-120. [PMID: 27038621 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0671-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cd is a toxic metal that has a destructive impact on most organ systems. This work aims to determine Zn or Mg protective effects against Cd renal toxicity. In this study, rats were divided into six groups. The Cd group was treated with 1 mg Cd/kg, and the control group received 0.5 cm3 normal saline, intraperitoneally. The other four groups received one of the following dosages of 1 mg/kg Cd + 0.5 mg/kg Zn, 1 mg/kg Cd + 1.5 mg/kg Zn, 1 mg/kg Cd + 0.5 mg/kg Mg, or 1 mg/kg Cd + 1.5 mg/kg Mg through IP injection for 3 weeks. Kidney malondialdehyde (MDA) and serum sodium, potassium, urea, creatinine, and protein were measured. Light microscopic examination was used for histological studies. Cd reduced serum creatinine and protein, and increased urea, sodium, and potassium. Moreover, Cd exposure caused a significant enhancement in MDA levels as well as histological damage in kidneys. Zn or Mg treatment prevented and reversed toxic alterations induced by Cd. These results suggest that Zn and Mg may have protective effects against Cd renal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Babaknejad
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Ali Asghar Moshtaghie
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hashem Nayeri
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Hani
- Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Somaye Bahrami
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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25
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Trujillo J, Molina-Jijón E, Medina-Campos ON, Rodríguez-Muñoz R, Reyes JL, Loredo ML, Barrera-Oviedo D, Pinzón E, Rodríguez-Rangel DS, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Curcumin prevents cisplatin-induced decrease in the tight and adherens junctions: relation to oxidative stress. Food Funct 2016; 7:279-93. [PMID: 26467482 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00624d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a polyphenol and cisplatin is an antineoplastic agent that induces nephrotoxicity associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis, fibrosis and decrease in renal tight junction (TJ) proteins. The potential effect of curcumin against alterations in TJ structure and function has not been evaluated in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. The present study explored whether curcumin is able to prevent the cisplatin-induced fibrosis and decreased expression of the TJ and adherens junction (AJ) proteins occludin, claudin-2 and E-cadherin in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Curcumin (200 mg kg(-1)) was administered in three doses, and rats were sacrificed 72 h after cisplatin administration. Curcumin was able to scavenge, in a concentration-dependent way, superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, peroxyl radical, singlet oxygen, peroxynitrite anion, hypochlorous acid and hydrogen peroxide. Cisplatin-induced renal damage was associated with alterations in plasma creatinine, expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and of kidney injury molecule-1, histological damage, increase in apoptosis, fibrosis (evaluated by transforming growth factor β1, collagen I and IV and α-smooth muscle actin expressions), increase in oxidative/nitrosative stress (evaluated by Hsp70/72 expression, protein tyrosine nitration, superoxide anion production in isolated glomeruli and proximal tubules, and protein levels of NADPH oxidase subunits p47(phox) and gp91(phox), protein kinase C β2, and Nrf2) as well as by decreased expression of occludin, claudin-2, β-catenin and E-cadherin. Curcumin treatment prevented all the above-described alterations. The protective effect of curcumin against cisplatin-induced fibrosis and decreased proteins of the TJ and AJ was associated with the prevention of glomerular and proximal tubular superoxide anion production induced by NADPH oxidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Trujillo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), 04510 University City, D.F., Mexico.
| | - Eduardo Molina-Jijón
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav-IPN), Mexico City, 07360, Mexico
| | - Omar Noel Medina-Campos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), 04510 University City, D.F., Mexico.
| | - Rafael Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav-IPN), Mexico City, 07360, Mexico
| | - José Luis Reyes
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav-IPN), Mexico City, 07360, Mexico
| | - María L Loredo
- School of Medicine, Panamericana University, Mexico City, 03920, Mexico
| | - Diana Barrera-Oviedo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Enrique Pinzón
- Animal Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Daniela Saraí Rodríguez-Rangel
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), 04510 University City, D.F., Mexico.
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), 04510 University City, D.F., Mexico.
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Jiang WD, Qu B, Feng L, Jiang J, Kuang SY, Wu P, Tang L, Tang WN, Zhang YA, Zhou XQ, Liu Y. Histidine Prevents Cu-Induced Oxidative Stress and the Associated Decreases in mRNA from Encoding Tight Junction Proteins in the Intestine of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157001. [PMID: 27280406 PMCID: PMC4900568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a common heavy metal pollutant in aquatic environments that originates from natural as well as anthropogenic sources. The present study investigated whether Cu causes oxidative damage and induces changes in the expression of genes that encode tight junction (TJ) proteins, cytokines and antioxidant-related genes in the intestine of the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). We demonstrated that Cu decreases the survival rate of fish and increases oxidative damage as measured by increases in malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl contents. Cu exposure significantly decreased the expression of genes that encode the tight junction proteins, namely, claudin (CLDN)-c, -3 and -15 as well as occludin and zonula occludens-1, in the intestine of fish. In addition, Cu exposure increases the mRNA levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, specifically, IL-8, TNF-α and its related signalling factor (nuclear factor kappa B, NF-κB), which was partly correlated to the decreased mRNA levels of NF-κB inhibitor protein (IκB). These changes were associated with Cu-induced oxidative stress detected by corresponding decreases in glutathione (GSH) content, as well as decreases in the copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and mRNA levels, which were associated with the down-regulated antioxidant signalling factor NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) mRNA levels, and the Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein1 (Keap1) mRNA levels in the intestine of fish. Histidine supplementation in diets (3.7 up to 12.2 g/kg) blocked Cu-induced changes. These results indicated that Cu-induced decreases in intestinal TJ proteins and cytokine mRNA levels might be partially mediated by oxidative stress and are prevented by histidine supplementation in fish diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Biao Qu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, 610066, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, 610066, Chengdu, China
| | - Wu-Neng Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, 610066, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
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27
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Pang Y, Peng RD, Jones MR, Francesconi KA, Goessler W, Howard BV, Umans JG, Best LG, Guallar E, Post WS, Kaufman JD, Vaidya D, Navas-Acien A. Metal mixtures in urban and rural populations in the US: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Strong Heart Study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 147:356-64. [PMID: 26945432 PMCID: PMC4827253 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural and anthropogenic sources of metal exposure differ for urban and rural residents. We searched to identify patterns of metal mixtures which could suggest common environmental sources and/or metabolic pathways of different urinary metals, and compared metal-mixtures in two population-based studies from urban/sub-urban and rural/town areas in the US: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and the Strong Heart Study (SHS). METHODS We studied a random sample of 308 White, Black, Chinese-American, and Hispanic participants in MESA (2000-2002) and 277 American Indian participants in SHS (1998-2003). We used principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to evaluate nine urinary metals (antimony [Sb], arsenic [As], cadmium [Cd], lead [Pb], molybdenum [Mo], selenium [Se], tungsten [W], uranium [U] and zinc [Zn]). For arsenic, we used the sum of inorganic and methylated species (∑As). RESULTS All nine urinary metals were higher in SHS compared to MESA participants. PCA and CA revealed the same patterns in SHS, suggesting 4 distinct principal components (PC) or clusters (∑As-U-W, Pb-Sb, Cd-Zn, Mo-Se). In MESA, CA showed 2 large clusters (∑As-Mo-Sb-U-W, Cd-Pb-Se-Zn), while PCA showed 4 PCs (Sb-U-W, Pb-Se-Zn, Cd-Mo, ∑As). LDA indicated that ∑As, U, W, and Zn were the most discriminant variables distinguishing MESA and SHS participants. CONCLUSIONS In SHS, the ∑As-U-W cluster and PC might reflect groundwater contamination in rural areas, and the Cd-Zn cluster and PC could reflect common sources from meat products or metabolic interactions. Among the metals assayed, ∑As, U, W and Zn differed the most between MESA and SHS, possibly reflecting disproportionate exposure from drinking water and perhaps food in rural Native communities compared to urban communities around the US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Pang
- Departments of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Roger D Peng
- Departments of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Miranda R Jones
- Departments of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Kevin A Francesconi
- Institute of Chemistry -Analytical Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria.
| | - Walter Goessler
- Institute of Chemistry -Analytical Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria.
| | - Barbara V Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA; Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
| | - Jason G Umans
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA; Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
| | - Lyle G Best
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research, Inc., Timber Lake, SD 57656, USA.
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Departments of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Wendy S Post
- Departments of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Departments of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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28
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Miandare HK, Niknejad M, Shabani A, Safari R. Exposure of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) to cadmium results in biochemical, histological and transcriptional alterations. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 181-182:1-8. [PMID: 26687766 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sturgeon is one of the endangered families of fish in the Caspian Sea region, where there is up to 80% of their global caching. Unfortunately, in recent years, increase of pollutants has been resulted in their total population reduction. Due to their benthic nature, sturgeons are at great risk of exposing to contaminants such as cadmium. Despite their endangered status in the Caspian Sea, there are only a few studies on characterizing the relative sensitivity of sturgeons to cadmium. Adverse effects associated with pollution on angiogenesis are mediated by hypoxia inducing factor-1 (HIF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In this investigation, gene expression of two distinct HIFs-1, HIF-1α and HIF-2α, and VEGF was investigated at the mRNA transcript levels after exposure of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) to cadmium. VEGF, HIF-1α and HIF-2α expressions in treated Persian sturgeon were greater than controls. Significant increases (P<0.05) were also observed in cortisol and glucose levels compared to the control group especially in the fish exposed to higher cadmium concentration (800 μg/L). Plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were increased in the cadmium-exposed fish, although the observed increases were not significant between the control and 200 μg/L cadmium treatment at some sampling time points. Gill tissues also showed histopathological changes in the cadmium treatments. Overall, results indicated that cadmium resulted in some alterations in biochemical parameters, mRNA transcript level expression of two important angiogenesis related genes as well as histological alterations in Persian sturgeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Kolangi Miandare
- Department of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Mahtab Niknejad
- Department of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Shabani
- Department of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Roghieh Safari
- Department of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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29
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Yang H, Shu Y. Cadmium transporters in the kidney and cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:1484-94. [PMID: 25584611 PMCID: PMC4307315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16011484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the organs in which the environmental pollutant cadmium causes toxicity, the kidney has gained the most attention in recent years. Numerous studies have sought to unravel the exact pathways by which cadmium enters the renal epithelial cells and the mechanisms by which it causes toxicity in the kidney. The purpose of this review is to present the progress made on the mechanisms of cadmium transport in the kidney and the role of transporter proteins in cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Yan Shu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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30
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Freeland-Graves JH, Sanjeevi N, Lee JJ. Global perspectives on trace element requirements. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2015; 31:135-41. [PMID: 24912973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements are inorganic constituents of the human body present in concentrations less than 50mg/kg body weight. An exception is iron that is found in slightly higher amounts, 60 mg/kg body weight, but it is classified within this category due to its physiological roles. Requirements of trace elements can vary according to age, gender, growth, body composition, genetics, pregnancy, lactation, wound healing and burns, alcohol abuse, infections, and diseases (anemia, coronary artery, Keshan, Kashin-Beck). Additionally, interactions may occur with dietary factors, such as other minerals (iron versus copper), phytates (zinc), oxalates (iron), fiber (manganese), and polyphenolic compounds (molybdenum). On a global basis, requirements can vary according to soil and geographical location, food preparation and processing, food accessibility, cultural practices (geophagia) and pollution. Furthermore, global differences exist in body composition, ethnicity, and age of menarche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne H Freeland-Graves
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78701, United States.
| | - Namrata Sanjeevi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78701, United States
| | - Jane J Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78701, United States
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Skrovanek S, DiGuilio K, Bailey R, Huntington W, Urbas R, Mayilvaganan B, Mercogliano G, Mullin JM. Zinc and gastrointestinal disease. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2014; 5:496-513. [PMID: 25400994 PMCID: PMC4231515 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v5.i4.496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review is a current summary of the role that both zinc deficiency and zinc supplementation can play in the etiology and therapy of a wide range of gastrointestinal diseases. The recent literature describing zinc action on gastrointestinal epithelial tight junctions and epithelial barrier function is described. Zinc enhancement of gastrointestinal epithelial barrier function may figure prominently in its potential therapeutic action in several gastrointestinal diseases.
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Lin YS, Ho WC, Caffrey JL, Sonawane B. Low serum zinc is associated with elevated risk of cadmium nephrotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 134:33-8. [PMID: 25042034 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite animal evidence suggests that zinc modulates cadmium nephrotoxicity, limited human data are available. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that low serum zinc concentrations may increase the risk of cadmium-mediated renal dysfunction in humans. METHODS Data from 1545 subjects aged 20 or older in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2011-2012 were analyzed. Renal function was defined as impaired when estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) fell below 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) and/or the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio surpassed 2.5 in men and 3.5mg/mmol in women. RESULTS Within the study cohort, 117 subjects had reduced eGFR and 214 had elevated urinary albumin. After adjusting for potential confounders, subjects with elevated blood cadmium (>0.53 μg/L) were more likely to have a reduced eGFR (odds ratio [OR]=2.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-4.50) and a higher urinary albumin (OR=2.04, 95% CI: 1.13-3.69) than their low cadmium (<0.18 μg/L) peers. In addition, for any given cadmium exposure, low serum zinc is associated with elevated risk of reduced eGFR (OR=3.38, 95% CI: 1.39-8.28). A similar increase in the odds ratio was observed between declining serum zinc and albuminuria but failed to reach statistical significance. Those with lower serum zinc/blood cadmium ratios were likewise at a greater risk of renal dysfunction (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS This study results suggest that low serum zinc concentrations are associated with an increased risk of cadmium nephrotoxicity. Elevated cadmium exposure is global public health issue and the assessment of zinc nutritional status may be an important covariate in determining its effective renal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Lin
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Wen-Chao Ho
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - James L Caffrey
- Integrative Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Babasaheb Sonawane
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA
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Trujillo J, Molina-Jijón E, Medina-Campos ON, Rodríguez-Muñoz R, Reyes JL, Loredo ML, Tapia E, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Barrera-Oviedo D, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Renal tight junction proteins are decreased in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2014; 24:520-8. [PMID: 25052570 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2014.948248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cisplatin (CP) is an antineoplastic agent that induces nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress. It is unknown whether renal tight junction (TJ) proteins expression and localization are modified in CP-induced nephrotoxicity. OBJECTIVE To study if the expression of the TJ proteins occludin, claudin-2, claudin-5 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) is modified in rats with CP-induced nephrotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats (n = 5/group) were injected with saline solution (V group), and the other group (CP group) was injected with a single dose of saline solution and CP (7.5 mg/kg i.p.). Rats were sacrificed 72 h after CP injection and blood, and 24-h urine samples were collected. Several plasma and urinary injury biomarkers as well as renal histopathology lesions, oxidative and nitrosative stress markers were evaluated, and protein levels of ocludin, claudin-2, claudin-5, ZO-1 were measured by Western blot. Statistically significant changes noted with different p < 0.05 versus V. RESULTS Nephrotoxicity was evident by histological alterations, glycosuria, decrease in creatinine clearance, increase in fractional excretion of sodium, serum creatinine and kidney injury molecule-1. These changes were associated with oxidative/nitrosative stress (increased renal abundance of 3-nitrotyrosine and protein kinase Cβ2 and decreased renal expression of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2) and decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes. Finally, it was found that CP-induced renal damage was associated with decreased renal expression of occludin and claudin-2. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION CP altered the TJ proteins expression and localization in the proximal tubule that was associated with oxidative/nitrosative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Trujillo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) , University City, Mexico D.F. , Mexico
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Molina-Jijón E, Rodríguez-Muñoz R, Namorado MDC, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Reyes JL. Oxidative stress induces claudin-2 nitration in experimental type 1 diabetic nephropathy. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 72:162-75. [PMID: 24726862 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Renal complications in diabetes are severe and may lead to renal insufficiency. Early alterations in tight junction (TJ) proteins in diabetic nephropathy (DN) have not been explored and the role of oxidative stress in their disassembly has been poorly characterized. We investigated the expression and distribution of TJ proteins: claudin-5 in glomeruli (GL), occludin and claudin-2 in proximal tubules (PTs), and ZO-1 and claudin-1, -4, and -8 in distal tubules (DTs) of rats 21 days after streptozotocin injection. Redox status along the nephron segments was evaluated. Diabetes increased kidney injury molecule-1 expression. Expression of sodium glucose cotransporters (SGLT1 and SGLT2) and facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT2) was induced. Increased oxidative stress was present in GL and PTs and to a lesser extent in DTs (measured by superoxide production and PKCβ2 expression), owing to NADPH oxidase activation and uncoupling of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase-dependent pathway. Claudin-5, occludin, and claudin-2 expression was decreased, whereas claudin-4 and -8 expression increased. ZO-1 was redistributed from membrane to cytosol. Increased nitration of tyrosine residues in claudin-2 was found, which might contribute to decrement of this protein in proximal tubule. In contrast, occludin was not nitrated. We suggest that loss of claudin-2 is associated with increased natriuresis and that loss of glomerular claudin-5 might explain early presence of proteinuria. These findings suggest that oxidative stress is related to alterations in TJ proteins in the kidney that are relevant to the pathogenesis and progression of DN and for altered sodium regulation in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Molina-Jijón
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, México, DF 07360, Mexico
| | - Rafael Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, México, DF 07360, Mexico
| | - María del Carmen Namorado
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, México, DF 07360, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 04510 University City, DF, Mexico
| | - José L Reyes
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, México, DF 07360, Mexico.
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Yuan X, Wang J, Shang Y, Sun B. Health risk assessment of cadmium via dietary intake by adults in China. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:373-380. [PMID: 24037800 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium in the human diet constitutes a potential chronic hazard to health. The objective of this study was to make a health risk assessment of dietary cadmium intake by adults in the 31 provinces (excluding Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macau) of China. RESULTS The cadmium levels in a total of 2629 individual food samples ranged from not detected (below the limit of detection) to 17.32 mg kg⁻¹, with the highest concentration being found in an offal sample. The food group 'meat' showed the highest mean level of 0.129 mg kg⁻¹, while the lowest concentration of 8.0×10⁻⁴ mg kg⁻¹ was measured in the food group 'fruit'. The mean cadmium intakes, hazard quotients and annual excess lifetime cancer risks for national, northern and southern adult populations in China were 3.67 μg kg⁻¹ body weight (BW) week⁻¹, 0.52 and 4.56×10⁻⁵ a⁻¹, 2.63 μg kg⁻¹ BW week⁻¹, 0.38 and 3.27×10⁻⁵ a⁻¹ and 4.56 μg kg⁻¹ BW week⁻¹, 0.65 and 5.67×10⁻⁵ a⁻¹ respectively. CONCLUSION The results of risk characterization for the national adult population were lower than safety risk levels of hazard quotient and annual excess lifetime cancer risk (5×10⁻⁵ a⁻¹). The mean annual excess lifetime cancer risk for the southern adult population was higher than the safety risk level. Therefore the carcinogenic risk for the southern population is of concern.
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Salińska A, Włostowski T, Oleńska E. Differential susceptibility to cadmium-induced liver and kidney injury in wild and laboratory-bred bank voles Myodes glareolus. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 65:324-31. [PMID: 23564442 PMCID: PMC3709087 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-013-9896-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to compare the sensitivity of wild and laboratory-bred bank voles to cadmium (Cd)-induced histopathological changes in the liver and kidneys. For 4 weeks, the male bank voles-both wild and laboratory-bred-were provided with diet containing Cd in quantities <0.1 (control), 30, and 60 μg/g dry weight. At the end of exposure period, histopathology and analyses of Cd, metallothionein (MT), glutathione (GSH), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and lipid peroxidation-all considered to be critical factors during the development of Cd toxicity in the liver and kidneys-were carried out. Histopathological changes (focal hepatocyte swelling, vacuolation and inflammation [leukocyte infiltration] in the liver, and focal proximal tubule degeneration [including epithelial cell swelling] in the kidneys) occurred only in the wild bank voles fed a diet containing 60 μg Cd/g. There were no differences in concentrations of Cd, MT, GSH, Zn, and Cu in liver and kidney between the respective groups of wild and laboratory-bred animals. However, a decrease of hepatic Fe and lipid peroxidation was observed in the wild voles exhibiting histopathological changes. These data indicate the following: (1) wild bank voles are more susceptible to Cd-induced liver and kidney injury than those bred and raised in the laboratory; (2) the difference in sensitivity may be associated with a distinct decrease of hepatic Fe in response to Cd exposure between the two groups of bank voles; and (3) dietary Cd may produce histopathological changes indirectly through decreasing the hepatic Fe and Fe-dependent oxidative processes. These results also suggest that histopathology in the liver and kidney of wild bank voles living in a contaminated environment may occur at relatively low levels of tissue Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Salińska
- Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Włostowski
- Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Oleńska
- Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
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Wang X, Valenzano MC, Mercado JM, Zurbach EP, Flounders CJ, Mullin JM. Zinc enhancement of LLC-PK(1) renal epithelial barrier function. Clin Nutr 2013; 33:280-6. [PMID: 23755840 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Earlier work by our group and others has documented improvement of epithelial barrier function in human gastrointestinal models. Here we tested zinc's ability to improve a renal epithelial model. Our aim was to compare the functional and structural effects of zinc on the tight junctional (TJ) complexes of these two very distinct epithelial cell types. Zinc's ability to achieve barrier enhancement in very different epithelial cell types by action upon distinct molecular targets in each epithelial model may suggest a fundamental general role for supplemental zinc in epithelial barrier improvement throughout the body. METHODS Cell layers were exposed to 50 or 100 μM zinc on both cell surfaces for 48 h followed by measurement of transepithelial electrical resistance (Rt) and transepithelial (14)C-mannitol flux (Jm). TJ proteins in cell layers were analyzed by Western immunoblot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Zinc supplementation improved the basal TJ barrier function of LLC-PK1 renal cell layers, exemplified by increased Rt and decreased Jm. These zinc-induced changes were also accompanied by decreased NaCl dilution potentials. Of the tight junctional proteins that were tested (occludin, claudins 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and tricellulin), we did not observe a zinc-induced change in abundance of any of them, in detergent-soluble fractions of lysates of confluent differentiated cell layers. However, examination of cytosolic fractions showed concentration-dependent increases in the levels of claudins -2 and -4 in this compartment as a result of supplemental zinc. The effects of supplemental zinc on the tight junctional complexes and barrier properties of this renal epithelial model are contrasted with zinc effects on the CACO-2 gastrointestinal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexuan Wang
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA 19096, USA
| | | | - Joanna M Mercado
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA 19096, USA
| | - E Peter Zurbach
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Joseph's University, 5600 City Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Christopher J Flounders
- School of Biomedical Engineering Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James M Mullin
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA 19096, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA 19096, USA.
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Tight junction proteins and oxidative stress in heavy metals-induced nephrotoxicity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:730789. [PMID: 23710457 PMCID: PMC3654622 DOI: 10.1155/2013/730789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Kidney is a target organ for heavy metals. They accumulate in several segments of the nephron and cause profound alterations in morphology and function. Acute intoxication frequently causes acute renal failure. The effects of chronic exposure have not been fully disclosed. In recent years increasing awareness of the consequences of their presence in the kidney has evolved. In this review we focus on the alterations induced by heavy metals on the intercellular junctions of the kidney. We describe that in addition to the proximal tubule, which has been recognized as the main site of accumulation and injury, other segments of the nephron, such as glomeruli, vessels, and distal nephron, show also deleterious effects. We also emphasize the participation of oxidative stress as a relevant component of the renal damage induced by heavy metals and the beneficial effect that some antioxidant drugs, such as vitamin A (all-trans-retinoic acid) and vitamin E (α-tocopherol), depict on the morphological and functional alterations induced by heavy metals.
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Rawi SM, Seif Al Nassr FM. Zinc sulphate and vitamin E alleviate reproductive toxicity caused by aluminium sulphate in male albino rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 31:221-34. [PMID: 23282999 DOI: 10.1177/0748233712469650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the reproductive toxicity of aluminium sulphate and the therapeutic effects of administration of zinc sulphate and vitamin E individually or in combination against the toxic effect caused by aluminium (Al) in male albino rats. The animals were divided into five groups: group 1 received distilled water and served as control; group 2 received only aluminium sulphate (50 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)); group 3 received aluminium sulphate (50 mg/kg b.w.) plus zinc sulphate (50 mg/kg b.w.); group 4 received aluminium sulphate (50 mg/kg b.w.) and vitamin E (15 mg/kg b.w.); group 5 received aluminium sulphate plus a combination of zinc sulphate and vitamin E in similar doses as above. Doses were administered orally once daily for 45 consecutive days. The results revealed that aluminium sulphate induced significant decrease in body weight gain and testis weight and significant increase in Al level in both serum and testes of male rats. Biochemical analysis showed significant decrease in serum total protein and phospholipids levels, while serum total lipid was significantly elevated post Al treatment. In addition, significant decrease in total protein, phospholipids and cholesterol levels in the testes of Al-treated rats was recorded. The data also showed significant decrease in the levels of serum testosterone, leutinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone and significant increase in the level of serum prolactin in Al-intoxicated rats. Moreover, histological examination showed that aluminium sulphate caused apparent alterations in the testicular structure of the treated animals. Treatment with zinc sulphate and vitamin E individually or in combination ameliorated the harmful effects of Al, which was proved histopathologically by the noticeable improvement in the testicular tissues. We can conclude that the tested dose of aluminium sulphate induced toxic effect on the reproductive system of male albino rats and the treatment with zinc sulphate and/or vitamin E alleviated these toxic effects. In some cases, vitamin E exerted a more potent effect, while in other cases, the more potent effect is related to zinc sulphate and the combination of both at most of the recorded data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed M Rawi
- Faculty of Science and Arts, King Abdul Aziz University, Khulais, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Salińska A, Włostowski T, Zambrzycka E. Effect of dietary cadmium and/or lead on histopathological changes in the kidneys and liver of bank voles Myodes glareolus kept in different group densities. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2012; 21:2235-43. [PMID: 22855305 PMCID: PMC3475967 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-012-0979-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Bank voles free living in a contaminated environment are known to be more sensitive to cadmium (Cd) toxicity than the rodents exposed to Cd under laboratory conditions, but the reasons for this difference are poorly defined. The present work was designed to determine whether dietary lead (Pb), a common environmental co-contaminant, and/or animal density that affects various physiological processes, would influence susceptibility to Cd toxicity in the kidneys and liver of these animals. For 6 weeks, the female bank voles were kept individually or in a group of six and provided with diet containing environmentally relevant concentrations of Cd [<0.1 μg/g (control) and 60 μg/g dry wt] and Pb [<0.2 μg/g (control) and 300 μg/g dry wt] alone or in combination. At the end of exposure period, histopathology and analyses of metallothionein, glutathione and zinc that are linked to a protective effect against Cd toxicity, as well as Cd, Pb, copper, iron and lipid peroxidation were carried out. Histopathological changes in the kidneys (a focal glomerular swelling and proximal tubule degeneration) and liver (a focal hepatocyte swelling, vacuolation and inflammation) occurred exclusively in some bank voles kept in a group and exposed to Cd alone (2/6) or Cd + Pb (4/6). The observed toxicity in grouped bank voles appeared not to be based on altered (1) tissue disposition of Cd and/or Pb, (2) metallothionein, glutathione and zinc concentrations, or (3) tissue copper, iron and lipid peroxidation. The data indicate that high population density in combination with environmental Pb may be responsible for an increased susceptibility to Cd toxicity observed in bank voles free living in a contaminated environment; the mechanism by which animal density affects Cd toxicity deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Salińska
- Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Włostowski
- Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Zambrzycka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, Hurtowa 1, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
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Go YM, Orr M, Jones DP. Increased nuclear thioredoxin-1 potentiates cadmium-induced cytotoxicity. Toxicol Sci 2012; 131:84-94. [PMID: 22961094 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfs271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widely dispersed environmental agent that causes oxidative toxicity through mechanisms that are sensitive to thioredoxin-1 (Trx1). Trx1 is a cytoplasmic protein that translocates to nuclei during oxidative stress. Recent research shows that interaction of Trx1 with actin plays a critical role in cell survival and that increased nuclear Trx-1 potentiates proinflammatory signaling and death in cell and mouse models. These observations indicate that oxidative toxicity caused by low-dose Cd could involve disruption of actin-Trx1 interaction, nuclear Trx1 translocation, and potentiation of proinflammatory cell death mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the role of nuclei-localized Trx1 in Cd-induced inflammation and cytotoxicity using in vitro and in vivo models. The results show that Cd stimulated nuclear translocation of Trx1 and p65 of NF-κB. Elevation of Trx1 in nuclei in in vitro cells and kidney of transgenic mice potentiated Cd-stimulated NF-κB activation and cell death. Cd-stimulated Trx1 nuclear translocation and NF-κB activation were inhibited by cytochalasin D, an inhibitor of actin polymerization, suggesting that actin regulates Trx1 nuclear translocation and NF-κB activation by Cd. A nuclear-targeted dominant negative form of Trx1 blocked Cd-stimulated NF-κB activation and decreased cell death. Addition of zinc, known to antagonize Cd toxicity by increasing metallothionein, had no effect on Cd-stimulated nuclear translocation of Trx1 and NF-κB activation. Taken together, the results show that nuclear translocation and accumulation of redox-active Trx1 in nuclei play an important role in Cd-induced inflammation and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Mi Go
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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Bulat Z, Dukić-Ćosić D, Antonijević B, Bulat P, Vujanović D, Buha A, Matović V. Effect of magnesium supplementation on the distribution patterns of zinc, copper, and magnesium in rabbits exposed to prolonged cadmium intoxication. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:572514. [PMID: 22701362 PMCID: PMC3373183 DOI: 10.1100/2012/572514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is designed to investigate whether magnesium (Mg) supplementation may prevent Cd-induced alterations in zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and magnesium (Mg) status in rabbits. For this purpose, the concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Mg were estimated in blood, urine, and organs (brain, heart, lungs, liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and bone) of rabbits given Cd (10 mg/kg b.w.) and rabbits cotreated with Mg (40 mg/kg b.w.) orally, as aqueous solutions of Cd chloride and Mg acetate every day for 4 weeks. Samples were mineralized with conc. HNO3 and HClO4 (4:1) and metals concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Magnesium supplementation succeeded to overcome Cd-induced disbalance of investigated bioelements. Beneficial effects of Mg were observed on Zn levels in blood and urine, on Cu levels in urine, and on Mg levels in blood. Magnesium pretreatment also managed to counteract or reduce all Cd-induced changes in levels of Cu and Mg in organs, while it did not exert this effect on Zn levels. These findings suggest that enhanced dietary Mg intake during Cd exposure can have at least partly beneficial effect on Cd-induced alterations in homeostasis of zinc, copper, and magnesium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorica Bulat
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Salińska A, Włostowski T, Maciak S, Łaszkiewicz-Tiszczenko B, Kozłowski P. Combined effect of dietary cadmium and benzo(a)pyrene on metallothionein induction and apoptosis in the liver and kidneys of bank voles. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 147:189-94. [PMID: 22124863 PMCID: PMC3362696 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-9279-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bank voles free living in a contaminated environment have been shown to be more sensitive to cadmium (Cd) toxicity than the rodents exposed to Cd under laboratory conditions. The objective of this study was to find out whether benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a common environmental co-contaminant, increases Cd toxicity through inhibition of metallothionein (MT) synthesis-a low molecular weight protein that is considered to be primary intracellular component of the protective mechanism. For 6 weeks, the female bank voles were provided with diet containing Cd [less than 0.1 μg/g (control) and 60 μg/g dry wt.] and BaP (0, 5, and 10 μg/g dry wt.) alone or in combination. At the end of exposure period, apoptosis and analyses of MT, Cd, and zinc (Zn) in the liver and kidneys were carried out. Dietary BaP 5 μg/g did not affect but BaP 10 μg/g potentiated rather than inhibited induction of hepatic and renal MT by Cd, and diminished Cd-induced apoptosis in both organs. The hepatic and renal Zn followed a pattern similar to that of MT, attaining the highest level in the Cd + BaP 10-μg/g group. These data indicate that dietary BaP attenuates rather than exacerbates Cd toxicity in bank voles, probably by potentiating MT synthesis and increasing Zn concentration in the liver and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Salińska
- Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Włostowski
- Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
| | - Sebastian Maciak
- Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Kozłowski
- Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
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Kalafova A, Kovacik J, Capcarova M, Kolesarova A, Lukac N, Stawarz R, Formicki G, Laciak T. Accumulation of zinc, nickel, lead and cadmium in some organs of rabbits after dietary nickel and zinc inclusion. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2012; 47:1234-1238. [PMID: 22540645 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2012.672073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the effect of dietary nickel (Ni) and a combination of Ni and zinc (Zn) on the accumulation of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), Ni and Zn in muscles, liver and kidneys of rabbits. Female rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) of experimental groups were fed a granular mixture with addition of various concentrations of Ni or Ni+Zn (E1 - 17.5 g NiCl(2) per 100 kg of feed mixture, group E2 - 35.0 g NiCl(2) per 100 kg of feed mixture, group E3 - 17.5 g NiCl(2) per 100 kg of feed mixture and 30 g ZnCl(2) per 100 kg of feed mixture, group E4 - 35.0 g NiCl(2) per 100 kg of feed mixture and 30 g ZnCl(2) per 100 kg of feed mixture). Group C without inclusion of Ni or Zn served as control. After the 90-day experimental period biological material (liver, kidney, musculus longissimus dorsi, musculus biceps femoris) was taken from the animals. Samples were analyzed by the AAS method. Ni added to the FM caused an increase in Cd concentration in the kidneys of the rabbits, significantly in the E3 group in comparison with the control group. In the liver an insignificant decrease of Cd concentration was found. Zn addition in the amount of 30 g to the diet caused an increase of Cd level in the kidney as well as in the liver. Ni and Zn treatment caused a significant decrease of Pb accumulation in the m. longissimus dorsi of rabbits. This study indicates that dietary inclusion of Ni and Zn caused specific interactions among the observed metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kalafova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
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Nad P, Skalicka M, Korenekova B. The effects of long-term cadmium exposure in turkeys: accumulation and zinc prevention. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2012; 47:1239-1243. [PMID: 22540646 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2012.672074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Experiments with turkeys were conducted to determine the effects of long-term ingestion of Cd (2.0 mg Cd/day/turkey) on its accumulation in the tissues and organs. The cadmium was found especially in the muscles, livers and kidneys. The highest average content of cadmium was found in the kidneys (1.09 mg/kg). The contents of Cd in the kidneys and livers were 19 times and 14 times (respectively) higher compared to the muscles. The administration of Zn (72 mg / day / turkey) along with high doses of Cd, significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the concentrations of Cd in the organs of the experimental animals. The average concentrations of cadmium in the kidneys and livers of turkeys from the CdZn group were 43 % and 48 % (respectively) lower than the average concentrations in the same organs in the turkeys from the group which received only Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Nad
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Dietetics and Breeding, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
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Jihen EH, Sonia S, Fatima H, Mohamed Tahar S, Abdelhamid K. Interrelationships between cadmium, zinc and antioxidants in the liver of the rat exposed orally to relatively high doses of cadmium and zinc. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2011; 74:2099-2104. [PMID: 21726901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) reduces cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity in the liver although it increases Cd tissue burden in some conditions; hence, the present study is designed to study the relationships between Cd, Zn and antioxidants in the liver of rats exposed to Cd. Livers of male rats which received orally relatively high doses of Cd (200 mg Cd/L as Cd chloride or Cd (200 mg/L)+Zn (500 mg Zn as Zn chloride) during five weeks, were investigated. Cd induced an accumulation of Cd and Zn in parallel to depletion in important variables (GSH, GSH/GSSG, CuZn-SOD and GPx activities) and to elevation in others (Cd/Zn and GSSG). Cd, did not affect CuZn SOD/GPx, nor Mn-SOD in the liver. Cd accumulation, Cd/Zn, CuZn SOD activity and CuZn SOD/GPx, was increased remarkably under Zn action. Zn supply ameliorated GSH level and partially reversed the decrease in GSH/GSSG, but it did not ameliorate GPx activity. Analysis showed high correlations between Cd and the majority of the variables, while Zn was positively correlated with only GSSG. We suggest from our results that Zn has indirect ameliorative effects on Cd-induced toxicity in the liver and that the increase in Cd retention is probably the key mechanism modulating, in the case of relatively high doses of Cd, the antioxidant response during exposure to Cd and Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- El Heni Jihen
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Medicine Faculty of Monastir, Tunisia.
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Jothimuthu P, Wilson RA, Herren J, Haynes EN, Heineman WR, Papautsky I. Lab-on-a-chip sensor for detection of highly electronegative heavy metals by anodic stripping voltammetry. Biomed Microdevices 2011; 13:695-703. [PMID: 21479538 PMCID: PMC3824972 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-011-9539-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This work describes development of a lab-on-a-chip sensor for electrochemical detection of highly electronegative heavy metals such as manganese and zinc by anodic stripping voltammetry. The sensor consists of a three-electrode system, with a bismuth working electrode, a Ag/AgCl reference electrode, and a Au auxiliary electrode. Hydrolysis at the auxiliary electrode is a critical challenge in such electrochemical sensors as its onset severely limits the ability to detect electronegative metals. The bismuth working electrode is used due to its comparable negative detection window and reduced toxicity with respect to a conventional mercury electrode. Through optimization of the sensor layout and the working electrode surface, effects of hydrolysis were substantially reduced and the potential window was extended to the -0.3 to -1.9 V range (vs. Ag/AgCl reference electrode), which is far more negative than what is possible with conventional Au, Pt, or carbon electrodes. The described lab-on-a-chip sensor for the first time permits reliable and sensitive detection of the highly electronegative manganese. The favorable performance of the bismuth electrode coupled with its environmentally-friendly nature make the described sensor attractive for applications where disposable chips are desirable. With further development and integrated sample preparation, the lab-on-a-chip may be converted into a point-of-care platform for monitoring heavy metals in blood (e.g., assessment of manganese exposure).
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetha Jothimuthu
- BioMicroSystems Laboratory, School of Electronics and Computing Systems, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
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Brzóska MM, Roszczenko A, Galażyn-Sidorczuk M, Majewska K. Zinc supplementation can protect from enhanced risk of femoral neck fracture in male rats chronically exposed to cadmium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 63:491-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Kim J, Lim W, Ko Y, Kwon H, Kim S, Kim O, Park G, Choi H, Kim O. The effects of cadmium on VEGF-mediated angiogenesis in HUVECs. J Appl Toxicol 2011; 32:342-9. [PMID: 21425301 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic element that causes morphologic alterations and dysfunction in blood vessels. The altered vascular function caused by cadmium has been implicated in a range of chronic diseases, including hypertension. The effects of cadmium are a multisystem phenomenon involving inflammation, hypertrophy, apoptosis, angiogenesis and important processes involved in vascular remodeling systems. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a major role in cell growth and angiogenesis under pathologic conditions. VEGF secretion is related to anti-apoptosis protein expression and attenuates apoptosis in endothelial cells. This study examined the VEGF-dependent mechanisms of angiogenesis and apoptosis in cadmium-treated endothelial cells (HUVECs). The effects and mechanisms of cadmium in endothelial cells (HUVECs) were examined by exposing the cells to different doses of cadmium chloride (2.5-40 μ m). After the cadmium treatment, the angiogenesis and apoptosis mechanisms related to VEGF in cadmium-treated HUVECs were examined. As a result, the low concentration of cadmium increased the tube formation in HUVECs. In addition, cadmium at concentrations of 5 and 10 μ m increased VEGF secretion and VEGFR2 activity, which suggest that cadmium affects the growth of blood vessels. All three MAPK pathways, namely ERK, JNK and p38, were activated by cadmium in HUVECs. However, high concentrations of cadmium caused cell damage, disrupted tube formation and inhibited VEGF expression and the activities of VEGFR2 and MAPK in HUVECs. Cadmium has dual functions through VEGF-dependent mechanisms in a dose-dependent manner. In this study, the dual effects of cadmium might alter angiogenesis and induce apoptosis through VEGF pathways in HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisun Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, 2nd stage of Brain Korea 21 for School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Bug-Gu, Gwangju, Korea
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Cadmium Toxicity Revisited: Focus on Oxidative Stress Induction and Interactions with Zinc and Magnesium. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2011; 62:65-76. [DOI: 10.2478/10004-1254-62-2011-2075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium Toxicity Revisited: Focus on Oxidative Stress Induction and Interactions with Zinc and MagnesiumDiscovered in late 1817, cadmium is currently one of the most important occupational and environmental pollutants. It is associated with renal, neurological, skeletal and other toxic effects, including reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity. There is still much to find out about its mechanisms of action, biomarkers of critical effects, and ways to reduce health risks. At present, there is no clinically efficient agent to treat cadmium poisoning due to predominantly intracellular location of cadmium ions. This article gives a brief review of cadmium-induced oxidative stress and its interactions with essential elements zinc and magnesium as relevant mechanisms of cadmium toxicity. It draws on available literature data and our own results, which indicate that dietary supplementation of either essential element has beneficial effect under condition of cadmium exposure. We have also tackled the reasons why magnesium addition prevails over zinc and discussed the protective role of magnesium during cadmium exposure. These findings could help to solve the problem of prophylaxis and therapy of increased cadmium body burden.
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