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Rajfer RA, Carlson BA, Johnson JP. High-energy Femoral Neck Fractures in Young Patients. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2024; 32:e302-e312. [PMID: 38252702 DOI: 10.5435/jaaos-d-23-00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Femoral neck fractures in physiologically young patients typically occur from high-energy axial loading forces through the thigh with the hip in an abducted position. These fractures have a high rate of associated head, chest, abdominal, and musculoskeletal injuries. High-energy hip fractures differ from traditional geriatric hip fractures regarding incidence, mechanism, management algorithms, and complications. After adequate resuscitation, goals of treatment include anatomic reduction and stable fixation while maintaining vascularity of the femoral head, which can be achieved through a variety of different techniques. Prompt recognition and treatment of these fractures is crucial to achieve a successful outcome because these injuries are often associated with complications such as osteonecrosis, fixation failure, and nonunion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Rajfer
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA (Rajfer, and Carlson), and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL (Johnson)
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2
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Metzger PJ, Zhang A, Carlson BA, Sun H, Cui Z, Li Y, Jahnke MT, Layton DR, Gupta MB, Liu N, Kostenis E, Gavrilova O, Chen M, Weinstein LS. A human obesity-associated MC4R mutation with defective Gq/11α signaling leads to hyperphagia in mice. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e165418. [PMID: 38175730 PMCID: PMC10869179 DOI: 10.1172/jci165418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) mutations are the most common cause of human monogenic obesity and are associated with hyperphagia and increased linear growth. While MC4R is known to activate Gsα/cAMP signaling, a substantial proportion of obesity-associated MC4R mutations do not affect MC4R/Gsα signaling. To further explore the role of specific MC4R signaling pathways in the regulation of energy balance, we examined the signaling properties of one such mutant, MC4R (F51L), as well as the metabolic consequences of MC4RF51L mutation in mice. The MC4RF51L mutation produced a specific defect in MC4R/Gq/11α signaling and led to obesity, hyperphagia, and increased linear growth in mice. The ability of a melanocortin agonist to acutely inhibit food intake when delivered to the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) was lost in MC4RF51L mice, as well as in WT mice in which a specific Gq/11α inhibitor was delivered to the PVN; this provided evidence that a Gsα-independent signaling pathway, namely Gq/11α, significantly contributes to the actions of MC4R on food intake and linear growth. These results suggest that a biased MC4R agonist that primarily activates Gq/11α may be a potential agent to treat obesity with limited untoward cardiovascular and other side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hui Sun
- Metabolic Diseases Branch and
| | - Zhenzhong Cui
- Mouse Metabolism Core Laboratory, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Naili Liu
- Mouse Metabolism Core Laboratory, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Evi Kostenis
- Molecular, Cellular, and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core Laboratory, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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3
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Carlson BA, Riggs TP, Douglas MS, Woodard DR, Syed HM. Using Spinal Anesthesia and a Fracture Table for Closed Reduction of an Obturator Foramen Hip Dislocation: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connect 2023; 13:01709767-202309000-00031. [PMID: 37543730 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.cc.23.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
CASE A 37-year-old man with a right obturator foramen hip dislocation underwent closed reduction under spinal anesthesia with the use of a fracture traction table. CONCLUSION This novel technique provides surgeons and anesthesiologists an alternative method of treating obturator foramen hip dislocations that provides a more controlled reduction and less need for assistants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley A Carlson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California
| | - Thomas P Riggs
- Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Michael S Douglas
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California
| | - David R Woodard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California
| | - Hasan M Syed
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California
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4
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Lee TJ, Nettleford SK, McGlynn A, Carlson BA, Kirimanjeswara GS, Prabhu KS. The role of selenoproteins in neutrophils during inflammation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 732:109452. [PMID: 36336122 PMCID: PMC9712253 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs)-derived ROS are involved in the regulation of multiple functions of PMNs critical in both inflammation and its timely resolution. Selenium is an essential trace element that functions as a gatekeeper of cellular redox homeostasis in the form of selenoproteins. Despite their well-studied involvement in regulating functions of various immune cells, limited studies have focused on the regulation of selenoproteins in PMN and their associated functions. Ex-vivo treatment of murine primary bone marrow derived PMNs with bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) indicated temporal regulation of several selenoprotein genes at the mRNA level. However, only glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) was significantly upregulated, while Selenof, Selenow, and Gpx1 were significantly downregulated in a temporal manner at the protein level. Exposure of PMNs isolated from tRNASec (Trsp)fl/fl S100A8Cre (TrspN) PMN-specific selenoprotein knockout mice, to the Gram-negative bacterium, Citrobacter rodentium, showed decreased bacterial growth, reduced phagocytosis, as well as impaired neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation ability, when compared to the wild-type PMNs. Increased extracellular ROS production upon LPS stimulation was also observed in TrspN PMNs that was associated with upregulation of Alox12, Cox2, and iNOS, as well as proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL-1β. Our data indicate that the inhibition of selenoproteome expression results in alteration of PMN proinflammatory functions, suggesting a potential role of selenoproteins in the continuum of inflammation and resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Jung Lee
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Shaneice K Nettleford
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Allison McGlynn
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Office of Research Support, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Girish S Kirimanjeswara
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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5
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Kang D, Lee J, Jung J, Carlson BA, Chang MJ, Chang CB, Kang SB, Lee BC, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL, Lee BJ, Kim JH. Selenophosphate synthetase 1 deficiency exacerbates osteoarthritis by dysregulating redox homeostasis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:779. [PMID: 35140209 PMCID: PMC8828855 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28385-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and mechanical overload are prominent risk factors for osteoarthritis (OA), which lead to an imbalance in redox homeostasis. The resulting state of oxidative stress drives the pathological transition of chondrocytes during OA development. However, the specific molecular pathways involved in disrupting chondrocyte redox homeostasis remain unclear. Here, we show that selenophosphate synthetase 1 (SEPHS1) expression is downregulated in human and mouse OA cartilage. SEPHS1 downregulation impairs the cellular capacity to synthesize a class of selenoproteins with oxidoreductase functions in chondrocytes, thereby elevating the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and facilitating chondrocyte senescence. Cartilage-specific Sephs1 knockout in adult mice causes aging-associated OA, and augments post-traumatic OA, which is rescued by supplementation of N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Selenium-deficient feeding and Sephs1 knockout have synergistic effects in exacerbating OA pathogenesis in mice. Therefore, we propose that SEPHS1 is an essential regulator of selenium metabolism and redox homeostasis, and its dysregulation governs the progression of OA. Osteoarthritis is caused by the gradual accumulation of oxidative stress in cartilage. Here, the authors show that dysregulation of the selenium metabolic pathway underlies a shift in redox homeostasis in chondrocytes, leading to chronic osteoarthritic changes in joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyun Kang
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.,Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.,Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jisu Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Moon Jong Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, 07061, South Korea
| | - Chong Bum Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, South Korea
| | - Seung-Baik Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, 07061, South Korea
| | - Byung Cheon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dolph L Hatfield
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Byeong Jae Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea. .,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826, South Korea. .,Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea. .,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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6
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Markley RL, Restori KH, Katkere B, Sumner SE, Nicol MJ, Tyryshkina A, Nettleford SK, Williamson DR, Place DE, Dewan KK, Shay AE, Carlson BA, Girirajan S, Prabhu KS, Kirimanjeswara GS. Macrophage Selenoproteins Restrict Intracellular Replication of Francisella tularensis and Are Essential for Host Immunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:701341. [PMID: 34777335 PMCID: PMC8586653 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.701341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential micronutrient Selenium (Se) is co-translationally incorporated as selenocysteine into proteins. Selenoproteins contain one or more selenocysteines and are vital for optimum immunity. Interestingly, many pathogenic bacteria utilize Se for various biological processes suggesting that Se may play a role in bacterial pathogenesis. A previous study had speculated that Francisella tularensis, a facultative intracellular bacterium and the causative agent of tularemia, sequesters Se by upregulating Se-metabolism genes in type II alveolar epithelial cells. Therefore, we investigated the contribution of host vs. pathogen-associated selenoproteins in bacterial disease using F. tularensis as a model organism. We found that F. tularensis was devoid of any Se utilization traits, neither incorporated elemental Se, nor exhibited Se-dependent growth. However, 100% of Se-deficient mice (0.01 ppm Se), which express low levels of selenoproteins, succumbed to F. tularensis-live vaccine strain pulmonary challenge, whereas 50% of mice on Se-supplemented (0.4 ppm Se) and 25% of mice on Se-adequate (0.1 ppm Se) diet succumbed to infection. Median survival time for Se-deficient mice was 8 days post-infection while Se-supplemented and -adequate mice was 11.5 and >14 days post-infection, respectively. Se-deficient macrophages permitted significantly higher intracellular bacterial replication than Se-supplemented macrophages ex vivo, corroborating in vivo observations. Since Francisella replicates in alveolar macrophages during the acute phase of pneumonic infection, we hypothesized that macrophage-specific host selenoproteins may restrict replication and systemic spread of bacteria. F. tularensis infection led to an increased expression of several macrophage selenoproteins, suggesting their key role in limiting bacterial replication. Upon challenge with F. tularensis, mice lacking selenoproteins in macrophages (TrspM) displayed lower survival and increased bacterial burden in the lung and systemic tissues in comparison to WT littermate controls. Furthermore, macrophages from TrspM mice were unable to restrict bacterial replication ex vivo in comparison to macrophages from littermate controls. We herein describe a novel function of host macrophage-specific selenoproteins in restriction of intracellular bacterial replication. These data suggest that host selenoproteins may be considered as novel targets for modulating immune response to control a bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Markley
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States,Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Katherine H. Restori
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Bhuvana Katkere
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Sarah E. Sumner
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - McKayla J. Nicol
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Anastasia Tyryshkina
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Shaneice K. Nettleford
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - David R. Williamson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - David E. Place
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States,Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Kalyan K. Dewan
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States,Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ashley E. Shay
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States,Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- Office of Research Support, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Santhosh Girirajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - K. Sandeep Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States,Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Girish S. Kirimanjeswara
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States,Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States,*Correspondence: Girish S. Kirimanjeswara,
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7
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Bang J, Han M, Yoo TJ, Qiao L, Jung J, Na J, Carlson BA, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL, Kim JH, Kim LK, Lee BJ. Identification of Signaling Pathways for Early Embryonic Lethality and Developmental Retardation in Sephs1-/- Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111647. [PMID: 34769078 PMCID: PMC8583877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenophosphate synthetase 1 (SEPHS1) plays an essential role in cell growth and survival. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, the pathways regulated by SEPHS1 during gastrulation were determined by bioinformatical analyses and experimental verification using systemic knockout mice targeting Sephs1. We found that the coagulation system and retinoic acid signaling were most highly affected by SEPHS1 deficiency throughout gastrulation. Gene expression patterns of altered embryo morphogenesis and inhibition of Wnt signaling were predicted with high probability at E6.5. These predictions were verified by structural abnormalities in the dermal layer of Sephs1−/− embryos. At E7.5, organogenesis and activation of prolactin signaling were predicted to be affected by Sephs1 knockout. Delay of head fold formation was observed in the Sephs1−/− embryos. At E8.5, gene expression associated with organ development and insulin-like growth hormone signaling that regulates organ growth during development was altered. Consistent with these observations, various morphological abnormalities of organs and axial rotation failure were observed. We also found that the gene sets related to redox homeostasis and apoptosis were gradually enriched in a time-dependent manner until E8.5. However, DNA damage and apoptosis markers were detected only when the Sephs1−/− embryos aged to E9.5. Our results suggest that SEPHS1 deficiency causes a gradual increase of oxidative stress which changes signaling pathways during gastrulation, and afterwards leads to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyoung Bang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.B.); (M.H.)
| | - Minguk Han
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.B.); (M.H.)
| | - Tack-Jin Yoo
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (T.-J.Y.); (L.Q.); (J.J.); (J.N.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Lu Qiao
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (T.-J.Y.); (L.Q.); (J.J.); (J.N.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Jisu Jung
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (T.-J.Y.); (L.Q.); (J.J.); (J.N.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Jiwoon Na
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (T.-J.Y.); (L.Q.); (J.J.); (J.N.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (B.A.C.); (D.L.H.)
| | - Vadim N. Gladyshev
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Dolph L. Hatfield
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (B.A.C.); (D.L.H.)
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (T.-J.Y.); (L.Q.); (J.J.); (J.N.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Lark Kyun Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06230, Korea
- Correspondence: (L.K.K.); (B.J.L.); Tel.: +82-2-880-6775 (B.J.L.)
| | - Byeong Jae Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.B.); (M.H.)
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (T.-J.Y.); (L.Q.); (J.J.); (J.N.); (J.-H.K.)
- Correspondence: (L.K.K.); (B.J.L.); Tel.: +82-2-880-6775 (B.J.L.)
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8
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Torres DJ, Pitts MW, Seale LA, Hashimoto AC, An KJ, Hanato AN, Hui KW, Remigio SMA, Carlson BA, Hatfield DL, Berry MJ. Female Mice with Selenocysteine tRNA Deletion in Agrp Neurons Maintain Leptin Sensitivity and Resist Weight Gain While on a High-Fat Diet. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011010. [PMID: 34681674 PMCID: PMC8539086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the essential trace element selenium in hypothalamic physiology has begun to come to light over recent years. Selenium is used to synthesize a family of proteins participating in redox reactions called selenoproteins, which contain a selenocysteine residue in place of a cysteine. Past studies have shown that disrupted selenoprotein expression in the hypothalamus can adversely impact energy homeostasis. There is also evidence that selenium supports leptin signaling in the hypothalamus by maintaining proper redox balance. In this study, we generated mice with conditional knockout of the selenocysteine tRNA[Ser]Sec gene (Trsp) in an orexigenic cell population called agouti-related peptide (Agrp)-positive neurons. We found that female TrspAgrpKO mice gain less weight while on a high-fat diet, which occurs due to changes in adipose tissue activity. Female TrspAgrpKO mice also retained hypothalamic sensitivity to leptin administration. Male mice were unaffected, however, highlighting the sexually dimorphic influence of selenium on neurobiology and energy homeostasis. These findings provide novel insight into the role of selenoproteins within a small yet heavily influential population of hypothalamic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Torres
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; (L.A.S.); (M.J.B.)
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (M.W.P.); (A.C.H.); (K.J.A.); (A.N.H.); (K.W.H.); (S.M.A.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Matthew W. Pitts
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (M.W.P.); (A.C.H.); (K.J.A.); (A.N.H.); (K.W.H.); (S.M.A.R.)
| | - Lucia A. Seale
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; (L.A.S.); (M.J.B.)
| | - Ann C. Hashimoto
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (M.W.P.); (A.C.H.); (K.J.A.); (A.N.H.); (K.W.H.); (S.M.A.R.)
| | - Katlyn J. An
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (M.W.P.); (A.C.H.); (K.J.A.); (A.N.H.); (K.W.H.); (S.M.A.R.)
| | - Ashley N. Hanato
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (M.W.P.); (A.C.H.); (K.J.A.); (A.N.H.); (K.W.H.); (S.M.A.R.)
| | - Katherine W. Hui
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (M.W.P.); (A.C.H.); (K.J.A.); (A.N.H.); (K.W.H.); (S.M.A.R.)
| | - Stella Maris A. Remigio
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (M.W.P.); (A.C.H.); (K.J.A.); (A.N.H.); (K.W.H.); (S.M.A.R.)
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (B.A.C.); (D.L.H.)
| | - Dolph L. Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (B.A.C.); (D.L.H.)
| | - Marla J. Berry
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; (L.A.S.); (M.J.B.)
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9
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Korwar AM, Hossain A, Lee TJ, Shay AE, Basrur V, Conlon K, Smith PB, Carlson BA, Salis HM, Patterson AD, Prabhu KS. Selenium-dependent metabolic reprogramming during inflammation and resolution. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100410. [PMID: 33581115 PMCID: PMC7966868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Trace element selenium (Se) is incorporated as the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine, into selenoproteins through tRNA[Ser]Sec. Selenoproteins act as gatekeepers of redox homeostasis and modulate immune function to effect anti-inflammation and resolution. However, mechanistic underpinnings involving metabolic reprogramming during inflammation and resolution remain poorly understood. Bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activation of murine bone marrow–derived macrophages cultured in the presence or absence of Se (as selenite) was used to examine temporal changes in the proteome and metabolome by multiplexed tandem mass tag–quantitative proteomics, metabolomics, and machine-learning approaches. Kinetic deltagram and clustering analysis indicated that addition of Se led to extensive reprogramming of cellular metabolism upon stimulation with LPS enhancing the pentose phosphate pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, to aid in the phenotypic transition toward alternatively activated macrophages, synonymous with resolution of inflammation. Remodeling of metabolic pathways and consequent metabolic adaptation toward proresolving phenotypes began with Se treatment at 0 h and became most prominent around 8 h after LPS stimulation that included succinate dehydrogenase complex, pyruvate kinase, and sedoheptulokinase. Se-dependent modulation of these pathways predisposed bone marrow–derived macrophages to preferentially increase oxidative phosphorylation to efficiently regulate inflammation and its timely resolution. The use of macrophages lacking selenoproteins indicated that all three metabolic nodes were sensitive to selenoproteome expression. Furthermore, inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase complex with dimethylmalonate affected the proresolving effects of Se by increasing the resolution interval in a murine peritonitis model. In summary, our studies provide novel insights into the role of cellular Se via metabolic reprograming to facilitate anti-inflammation and proresolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind M Korwar
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ayaan Hossain
- Bioinformatics and Genomics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; Departments of Chemical Engineering, Biological Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tai-Jung Lee
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ashley E Shay
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Venkatesha Basrur
- Department of Pathology, Proteomics Resource Facility, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kevin Conlon
- Department of Pathology, Proteomics Resource Facility, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Philip B Smith
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Metabolomics Facility, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Howard M Salis
- Bioinformatics and Genomics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; Departments of Chemical Engineering, Biological Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew D Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
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10
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Seale LA, Ogawa-Wong AN, Watanabe LM, Khadka VS, Menor M, Torres DJ, Carlson BA, Hatfield DL, Berry MJ. Adaptive Thermogenesis in a Mouse Model Lacking Selenoprotein Biosynthesis in Brown Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E611. [PMID: 33435397 PMCID: PMC7827413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenoproteins are a class of proteins with the selenium-containing amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) in their primary structure. Sec is incorporated into selenoproteins via recoding of the stop codon UGA, with specific cis and trans factors required during translation to avoid UGA recognition as a stop codon, including a Sec-specific tRNA, tRNA[Ser]Sec, encoded in mice by the gene Trsp. Whole-body deletion of Trsp in mouse is embryonically lethal, while targeted deletion of Trsp in mice has been used to understand the role of selenoproteins in the health and physiology of various tissues. We developed a mouse model with the targeted deletion of Trsp in brown adipocytes (Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/-), a cell type predominant in brown adipose tissue (BAT) controlling energy expenditure via activation of adaptive thermogenesis, mostly using uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1). At room temperature, Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/- mice maintain oxygen consumption and Ucp1 expression, with male Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/- mice accumulating more triglycerides in BAT than both female Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/- mice or Trspf/f controls. Acute cold exposure neither reduced core body temperature nor changed the expression of selenoprotein iodothyronine deiodinase type II (Dio2), a marker of adaptive thermogenesis, in Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/- mice. Microarray analysis of BAT from Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/- mice revealed glutathione S-transferase alpha 3 (Gsta3) and ELMO domain containing 2 (Elmod2) as the transcripts most affected by the loss of Trsp. Male Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/- mice showed mild hypothyroidism while downregulating thyroid hormone-responsive genes Thrsp and Tshr in their BATs. In summary, modest changes in the BAT of Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre +/- mice implicate a mild thyroid hormone dysfunction in brown adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia A. Seale
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.N.O.-W.); (L.M.W.); (D.J.T.)
- Pacific Biomedical Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA;
| | - Ashley N. Ogawa-Wong
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.N.O.-W.); (L.M.W.); (D.J.T.)
| | - Ligia M. Watanabe
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.N.O.-W.); (L.M.W.); (D.J.T.)
| | - Vedbar S. Khadka
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; (V.S.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Mark Menor
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; (V.S.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Daniel J. Torres
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.N.O.-W.); (L.M.W.); (D.J.T.)
- Pacific Biomedical Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA;
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (B.A.C.); (D.L.H.)
| | - Dolph L. Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (B.A.C.); (D.L.H.)
| | - Marla J. Berry
- Pacific Biomedical Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA;
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11
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Nettleford SK, Zhao L, Qian F, Herold M, Arner B, Desai D, Amin S, Xiong N, Singh V, Carlson BA, Prabhu KS. The Essential Role of Selenoproteins in the Resolution of Citrobacter rodentium-Induced Intestinal Inflammation. Front Nutr 2020; 7:96. [PMID: 32775340 PMCID: PMC7381334 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) leads to adverse colonic inflammation associated with poor resolution of inflammation and loss of epithelial integrity. Micronutrient trace element selenium (Se) is incorporated into selenoproteins as the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec). Previous studies have shown that such an incorporation of Sec into the selenoproteome is key for the anti-inflammatory functions of Se in macrophages and other immune cells. An intriguing mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects of Se stems from the ability of selenoproteins to skew arachidonic acid metabolism from pro-inflammatory mediators, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) toward anti-inflammatory mediators derived from PGD2, such as 15-deoxy-Δ12, 14- prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), via eicosanoid class switching of bioactive lipids. The impact of Se and such an eicosanoid-class switching mechanism was tested in an enteric infection model of gut inflammation by C. rodentium, a murine equivalent of EPEC. C57BL/6 mice deficient in Se (Se-D) experienced higher mortality when compared to those on Se adequate (0.08 ppm Se) and Se supplemented (0.4 ppm Se) diets following infection. Decreased survival was associated with decreased group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells in colonic lamina propria of Se-D mice along with deceased expression of epithelial barrier protein Zo-1. Inhibition of metabolic inactivation of PGE2 by 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase blocked the Se-dependent increase in ILC3 and Th17 cells in addition to reducing epithelial barrier integrity, as seen by increased systemic levels of FITC-dextran following oral administration; while 15d-PGJ2 administration in Se-D mice alleviated the effects by increasing ILC3 and Th17 cells. Mice lacking selenoproteins in monocyte/macrophages via the conditional deletion of the tRNA[Sec] showed increased mortality post infection. Our studies indicate a crucial role for dietary Se in the protection against inflammation following enteric infection via immune mechanisms involving epithelial barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaneice K Nettleford
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Luming Zhao
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Fenghua Qian
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Morgan Herold
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Brooke Arner
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Department of Pharmacology, Organic Synthesis Core Laboratory, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Organic Synthesis Core Laboratory, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Na Xiong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Vishal Singh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
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12
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Na J, Jung J, Bang J, Lu Q, Carlson BA, Guo X, Gladyshev VN, Kim J, Hatfield DL, Lee BJ. Selenophosphate synthetase 1 and its role in redox homeostasis, defense and proliferation. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 127:190-197. [PMID: 29715549 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Selenophosphate synthetase (SEPHS) synthesizes selenophosphate, the active selenium donor, using ATP and selenide as substrates. SEPHS was initially identified and isolated from bacteria and has been characterized in many eukaryotes and archaea. Two SEPHS paralogues, SEPHS1 and SEPHS2, occur in various eukaryotes, while prokaryotes and archaea have only one form of SEPHS. Between the two isoforms in eukaryotes, only SEPHS2 shows catalytic activity during selenophosphate synthesis. Although SEPHS1 does not contain any significant selenophosphate synthesis activity, it has been reported to play an essential role in regulating cellular physiology. Prokaryotic SEPHS contains a cysteine or selenocysteine (Sec) at the catalytic domain. However, in eukaryotes, SEPHS1 contains other amino acids such as Thr, Arg, Gly, or Leu at the catalytic domain, and SEPHS2 contains only a Sec. Sequence comparisons, crystal structure analyses, and ATP hydrolysis assays suggest that selenophosphate synthesis occurs in two steps. In the first step, ATP is hydrolyzed to produce ADP and gamma-phosphate. In the second step, ADP is further hydrolyzed and selenophosphate is produced using gamma-phosphate and selenide. Both SEPHS1 and SEPHS2 have ATP hydrolyzing activities, but Cys or Sec is required in the catalytic domain for the second step of reaction. The gene encoding SEPHS1 is divided by introns, and five different splice variants are produced by alternative splicing in humans. SEPHS1 mRNA is abundant in rapidly proliferating cells such as embryonic and cancer cells and its expression is induced by various stresses including oxidative stress and salinity stress. The disruption of the SEPHS1 gene in mice or Drosophila leads to the inhibition of cell proliferation, embryonic lethality, and morphological changes in the embryos. Targeted removal of SEPHS1 mRNA in insect, mouse, and human cells also leads to common phenotypic changes similar to those observed by in vivo gene knockout: the inhibition of cell growth/proliferation, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in mammals and an unidentified reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Drosophila, and the activation of a defense system. Hydrogen peroxide accumulation in SEPHS1-deficient cells is mainly caused by the down-regulation of genes involved in ROS scavenging, and leads to the inhibition of cell proliferation and survival. However, the mechanisms underlying SEPHS1 regulation of redox homeostasis are still not understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwoon Na
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Jung
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeyoung Bang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiao Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xiong Guo
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jinhong Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dolph L Hatfield
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Byeong Jae Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Abstract
Selenium (Se) is incorporated as the 21st amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) into the growing polypeptide chain of proteins involved in redox gatekeeper functions. Erythropoiesis presents a particular problem to redox regulation as the presence of iron, heme, and unpaired globin chains lead to high levels of free radical-mediated oxidative stress, which are detrimental to erythroid development and can lead to anemia. Under homeostatic conditions, bone marrow erythropoiesis produces sufficient erythrocytes to maintain homeostasis. In contrast, anemic stress induces an alternative pathway, stress erythropoiesis, which rapidly produces new erythrocytes at extramedullary sites, such as spleen, to alleviate anemia. Previous studies suggest that dietary Se protects erythrocytes from such oxidative damage and the absence of selenoproteins causes hemolysis of erythrocytes due to oxidative stress. Furthermore, Se deficiency or lack of selenoproteins severely impairs stress erythropoiesis exacerbating the anemia in rodent models and human patients. Interestingly, erythroid progenitors develop in close proximity with macrophages in structures referred to as erythroblastic islands (EBIs), where macrophage expression of selenoproteins appears to be critical for the expression of heme transporters to facilitate export of heme from macrophage stores to the developing erythroid cells. Here we review the role of Se and selenoproteins in the intrinsic development of erythroid cells in addition to their role in the development of the erythropoietic niche that supports the functional role of EBIs in erythroid expansion and maturation in the spleen during recovery from anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liao
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert F Paulson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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14
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Abstract
Selenocysteine-containing proteins (selenoproteins) have been implicated in the regulation of various cell signaling pathways, many of which are linked to colorectal malignancies. In this in-depth excurse into the selenoprotein literature, we review possible roles for human selenoproteins in colorectal cancer, focusing on the typical hallmarks of cancer cells and their tumor-enabling characteristics. Human genome studies of single nucleotide polymorphisms in various genes coding for selenoproteins have revealed potential involvement of glutathione peroxidases, thioredoxin reductases, and other proteins. Cell culture studies with targeted down-regulation of selenoproteins and studies utilizing knockout/transgenic animal models have helped elucidate the potential roles of individual selenoproteins in this malignancy. Those selenoproteins, for which strong links to development or progression of colorectal cancer have been described, may be potential future targets for clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Peters
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, Towson University, 8000 York Rd, Towson, MD 21252, United States.
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Dept. of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Petra A Tsuji
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, Towson University, 8000 York Rd, Towson, MD 21252, United States.
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15
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Liao C, Hardison RC, Kennett MJ, Carlson BA, Paulson RF, Prabhu KS. Selenoproteins regulate stress erythroid progenitors and spleen microenvironment during stress erythropoiesis. Blood 2018; 131:2568-2580. [PMID: 29615406 PMCID: PMC5992864 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-08-800607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronutrient selenium (Se) plays a key role in redox regulation through its incorporation into selenoproteins as the 21st amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). Because Se deficiency appears to be a cofactor in the anemia associated with chronic inflammatory diseases, we reasoned that selenoproteins may contribute to erythropoietic recovery from anemia, referred to as stress erythropoiesis. Here, we report that loss of selenoproteins through Se deficiency or by mutation of the Sec tRNA (tRNA[Sec]) gene (Trsp) severely impairs stress erythropoiesis at 2 stages. Early stress erythroid progenitors failed to expand and properly differentiate into burst-forming unit-erythroid cells , whereas late-stage erythroid progenitors exhibited a maturation defect that affected the transition of proerythroblasts to basophilic erythroblasts. These defects were, in part, a result of the loss of selenoprotein W (SelenoW), whose expression was reduced at both transcript and protein levels in Se-deficient erythroblasts. Mutation of SelenoW in the bone marrow cells significantly decreased the expansion of stress burst-forming unit-erythroid cell colonies, which recapitulated the phenotypes induced by Se deficiency or mutation of Trsp Similarly, mutation of SelenoW in murine erythroblast (G1E) cell line led to defects in terminal differentiation. In addition to the erythroid defects, the spleens of Se-deficient mice contained fewer red pulp macrophages and exhibited impaired development of erythroblastic island macrophages, which make up the niche supporting erythroblast development. Taken together, these data reveal a critical role of selenoproteins in the expansion and development of stress erythroid progenitors, as well as the erythroid niche during acute anemia recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liao
- Pathobiology Program
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, and
| | - Ross C Hardison
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA; and
| | | | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert F Paulson
- Pathobiology Program
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, and
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- Pathobiology Program
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, and
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16
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Abstract
The trace element selenium (Se) is incorporated into proteins as the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec), which is cotranslationally inserted into specific proteins in response to a UGA codon. Proteins containing Sec at these specific positions are called selenoproteins. Most selenoproteins function as oxidoreductases, while some serve other important functions. There are 25 known selenoprotein genes in humans and 24 in mice. The use of Sec allows selenoproteins to be detected by a convenient method involving metabolic labeling with 75Se. Labeling of cells and whole animals are used for the examination of selenoprotein expression profiles and the investigation of selenoprotein functions. In mammals, nonspecific 75Se insertion is very low, and sensitivity and specificity of selenoprotein detection approaches that of Western blotting. This method allows for the examination of selenoprotein expression and Se metabolism in model and non-model organisms. Herein, we describe experimental protocols for analyzing selenoproteins by metabolic labeling with 75Se both in vitro and in vivo. As an example, the procedure for metabolic labeling of HEK293T human embryonic kidney cells is described in detail. This approach remains a method of choice for the detection of selenoproteins in diverse settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hee Yim
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Ryuta Tobe
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Anton A Turanov
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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17
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Fradejas-Villar N, Seeher S, Anderson CB, Doengi M, Carlson BA, Hatfield DL, Schweizer U, Howard MT. The RNA-binding protein Secisbp2 differentially modulates UGA codon reassignment and RNA decay. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:4094-4107. [PMID: 27956496 PMCID: PMC5397149 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual-assignment of codons as termination and elongation codons is used to expand the genetic code. In mammals, UGA can be reassigned to selenocysteine during translation of selenoproteins by a mechanism involving a 3΄ untranslated region (UTR) selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) and the SECIS-binding protein Secisbp2. Here, we present data from ribosome profiling, RNA-Seq and mRNA half-life measurements that support distinct roles for Secisbp2 in UGA-redefinition and mRNA stability. Conditional deletions of the Secisbp2 and Trsp (tRNASec) genes in mouse liver were compared to determine if the effects of Secisbp2 loss on selenoprotein synthesis could be attributed entirely to the inability to incorporate Sec. As expected, tRNASec depletion resulted in loss of ribosome density downstream of all UGA-Sec codons. In contrast, the absence of Secisbp2 resulted in variable effects on ribosome density downstream of UGA-Sec codons that demonstrate gene-specific differences in Sec incorporation. For several selenoproteins in which loss of Secisbp2 resulted in greatly diminished mRNA levels, translational activity and Sec incorporation efficiency were shown to be unaffected on the remaining RNA. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Secisbp2 is not strictly required for Sec incorporation and has a distinct role in stabilizing mRNAs that can be separated from its effects on UGA-redefinition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Fradejas-Villar
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Seeher
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Michael Doengi
- Institut für Physiologie II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dolph L Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ulrich Schweizer
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael T Howard
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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18
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Peters KM, Carlson BA, Canter JE, Tobe R, Seifried HE, Yu Y, Cao L, Gladyshev VN, Davis CD, Hatfield DL, Tsuji PA. Potential Role of the 15kDa Selenoprotein in Colorectal Inflammation. The Journal of Immunology 2017. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.206.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Previously, systemic knockout (KO) of the ER-resident 15kDa selenoprotein (Sep15, SelenoF) protected mice against the formation of chemically-induced pre-neoplastic lesions and suggested modulation of inflammatory pathways. Our objective is to elucidate the potential role of SelenoF in the early steps of colon tumorigenesis by assaying gene expression of KO mice and littermate controls (WT) that were either treated with 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to induce colitis or given water (control). Based on previous results, we hypothesize that SelenoF expression is inversely correlated with a protective interferon (IFN)-γ pro-inflammatory response. Microarray analyses of colonic mucosa suggest that knockout of SelenoF expression itself caused more significant gene expression changes than DSS treatment (inflammation). Gene pathway analyses indicated galectin-6 was the highest up-regulated gene in DSS-treated (133-fold) and untreated (30-fold) KO compared to WT mice. The top significantly changed network included genes involved in the differentiation of T-lymphocytes. Colonic gene expression changes in SelenoF-KO mice, as validated with qPCR, included up-regulation of guanylate-binding protein 1 (p=0.004), and a down-regulation of T-box transcription factor 21 (p=0.08). Interestingly, a decrease in IFN-γ levels (p=0.026) was detected in the serum of KO compared to WT mice, whereas the opposite trend was shown in colonic mucosa. Thus, our preliminary analyses indicate that SelenoF may indeed influence the expression of inflammatory genes in the colon. Its contribution to the regulation of colitis will continue to be elucidated.
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Carlson BA, Gupta N, Pinkerton MH, Hatfield DL, Copeland PR. The utilization of selenocysteine-tRNA [Ser]Sec isoforms is regulated in part at the level of translation in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 5:e1314240. [PMID: 28702279 DOI: 10.1080/21690731.2017.1314240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The tRNA for the 21st proteinogenic amino acid, selenocysteine, exists in mammalian cells as 2 isoforms differing by a single 2'-O-methylribosyl moiety at position 34 (Um34). These isoforms contain either 5-methoxycarbonylmethyluridine (mcm5U) or 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2'-O-methyluridine (mcm5Um) at position 34. The accumulation of the mcm5Um isoform is tightly correlated with the expression of nonessential "stress response" selenoproteins such as glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1). The expression of essential selenoproteins, such as thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1), is not affected by changes in Sec-tRNA[Ser]Sec isoform accumulation. In this work we used purified mcm5U and mcm5Um Sec-tRNA[Ser]Sec isoforms to analyze possible differences in binding to the selenocysteine-specific elongation factor, EEFSEC, and the translation of GPX1 and TXNRD1in vitro. Our results indicate that no major distinction between mcm5U and mcm5Um isoforms is made by the translation machinery, but a small consistent increase in GPX1 translation is associated with the mcm5Um isoform. These results implicate fundamental differences in translation efficiency in playing a role in regulating selenoprotein expression as a function of isoform accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nirupama Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Mark H Pinkerton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Dolph L Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul R Copeland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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20
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Gladyshev VN, Arnér ES, Berry MJ, Brigelius-Flohé R, Bruford EA, Burk RF, Carlson BA, Castellano S, Chavatte L, Conrad M, Copeland PR, Diamond AM, Driscoll DM, Ferreiro A, Flohé L, Green FR, Guigó R, Handy DE, Hatfield DL, Hesketh J, Hoffmann PR, Holmgren A, Hondal RJ, Howard MT, Huang K, Kim HY, Kim IY, Köhrle J, Krol A, Kryukov GV, Lee BJ, Lee BC, Lei XG, Liu Q, Lescure A, Lobanov AV, Loscalzo J, Maiorino M, Mariotti M, Sandeep Prabhu K, Rayman MP, Rozovsky S, Salinas G, Schmidt EE, Schomburg L, Schweizer U, Simonović M, Sunde RA, Tsuji PA, Tweedie S, Ursini F, Whanger PD, Zhang Y. Selenoprotein Gene Nomenclature. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:24036-24040. [PMID: 27645994 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.756155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The human genome contains 25 genes coding for selenocysteine-containing proteins (selenoproteins). These proteins are involved in a variety of functions, most notably redox homeostasis. Selenoprotein enzymes with known functions are designated according to these functions: TXNRD1, TXNRD2, and TXNRD3 (thioredoxin reductases), GPX1, GPX2, GPX3, GPX4, and GPX6 (glutathione peroxidases), DIO1, DIO2, and DIO3 (iodothyronine deiodinases), MSRB1 (methionine sulfoxide reductase B1), and SEPHS2 (selenophosphate synthetase 2). Selenoproteins without known functions have traditionally been denoted by SEL or SEP symbols. However, these symbols are sometimes ambiguous and conflict with the approved nomenclature for several other genes. Therefore, there is a need to implement a rational and coherent nomenclature system for selenoprotein-encoding genes. Our solution is to use the root symbol SELENO followed by a letter. This nomenclature applies to SELENOF (selenoprotein F, the 15-kDa selenoprotein, SEP15), SELENOH (selenoprotein H, SELH, C11orf31), SELENOI (selenoprotein I, SELI, EPT1), SELENOK (selenoprotein K, SELK), SELENOM (selenoprotein M, SELM), SELENON (selenoprotein N, SEPN1, SELN), SELENOO (selenoprotein O, SELO), SELENOP (selenoprotein P, SeP, SEPP1, SELP), SELENOS (selenoprotein S, SELS, SEPS1, VIMP), SELENOT (selenoprotein T, SELT), SELENOV (selenoprotein V, SELV), and SELENOW (selenoprotein W, SELW, SEPW1). This system, approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee, also resolves conflicting, missing, and ambiguous designations for selenoprotein genes and is applicable to selenoproteins across vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim N Gladyshev
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, .,the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Elias S Arnér
- the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (MBB), Division of Biochemistry, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marla J Berry
- the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813
| | | | - Elspeth A Bruford
- the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC), European Bioinformatics Institute-European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Raymond F Burk
- the Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- the Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Sergi Castellano
- the Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laurent Chavatte
- the Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, CIRI, INSERM U1111, and CNRS/ENS UMR5308, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Marcus Conrad
- the Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Developmental Genetics, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Paul R Copeland
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Alan M Diamond
- the Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Donna M Driscoll
- the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Ana Ferreiro
- the Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris, France.,the AP-HP, Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Paris-Est, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Leopold Flohé
- the Universidad de la República, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay.,the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Fiona R Green
- the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Roderic Guigó
- the Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.,the Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diane E Handy
- the Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Dolph L Hatfield
- the Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - John Hesketh
- the Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.,the Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.,the The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Peter R Hoffmann
- the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813
| | - Arne Holmgren
- the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (MBB), Division of Biochemistry, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert J Hondal
- the Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Michael T Howard
- the Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
| | - Kaixun Huang
- the Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Hwa-Young Kim
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, South Korea
| | - Ick Young Kim
- the College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Josef Köhrle
- the Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alain Krol
- the Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Byeong Jae Lee
- the School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Byung Cheon Lee
- the College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- the Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Qiong Liu
- the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong Province, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Alain Lescure
- the Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67084 Strasbourg, France.,the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 75794 Paris, France
| | - Alexei V Lobanov
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Matilde Maiorino
- the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Mariotti
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- the Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Margaret P Rayman
- the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Rozovsky
- the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Gustavo Salinas
- the Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, CP11600 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Edward E Schmidt
- the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- the Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schweizer
- the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Miljan Simonović
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Roger A Sunde
- the Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Petra A Tsuji
- the Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, Maryland 21252, and
| | - Susan Tweedie
- the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC), European Bioinformatics Institute-European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Fulvio Ursini
- the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Philip D Whanger
- the Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
| | - Yan Zhang
- the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong Province, Peoples Republic of China
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21
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Carlson BA, Tobe R, Yefremova E, Tsuji PA, Hoffmann VJ, Schweizer U, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL, Conrad M. Glutathione peroxidase 4 and vitamin E cooperatively prevent hepatocellular degeneration. Redox Biol 2016; 9:22-31. [PMID: 27262435 PMCID: PMC4900515 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) is an essential mammalian glutathione peroxidase, which protects cells against detrimental lipid peroxidation and governs a novel form of regulated necrotic cell death, called ferroptosis. To study the relevance of Gpx4 and of another vitally important selenoprotein, cytosolic thioredoxin reductase (Txnrd1), for liver function, mice with conditional deletion of Gpx4 in hepatocytes were studied, along with those lacking Txnrd1 and selenocysteine (Sec) tRNA (Trsp) in hepatocytes. Unlike Txnrd1- and Trsp-deficient mice, Gpx4−/− mice died shortly after birth and presented extensive hepatocyte degeneration. Similar to Txnrd1-deficient livers, Gpx4−/− livers manifested upregulation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived)-like 2 (Nrf2) response genes. Remarkably, Gpx4−/− pups born from mothers fed a vitamin E-enriched diet survived, yet this protection was reversible as subsequent vitamin E deprivation caused death of Gpx4-deficient mice ~4 weeks thereafter. Abrogation of selenoprotein expression in Gpx4−/− mice did not result in viable mice, indicating that the combined deficiency aggravated the loss of Gpx4 in liver. By contrast, combined Trsp/Txnrd1-deficient mice were born, but had significantly shorter lifespans than either single knockout, suggesting that Txnrd1 plays an important role in supporting liver function of mice lacking Trsp. In sum our study demonstrates that the ferroptosis regulator Gpx4 is critical for hepatocyte survival and proper liver function, and that vitamin E can compensate for its loss by protecting cells against deleterious lipid peroxidation. Conditional Gpx4 loss causes hepatocellular degeneration and early death of mice. Dietary vitamin E supplementation rescues death of liver-specific Gpx4 null mice. Nutritional vitamin E content in diet may severely impact experimental outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ryuta Tobe
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elena Yefremova
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute for Developmental Genetics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Petra A Tsuji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, USA
| | - Victoria J Hoffmann
- Office of the Director Diagnostic and Research Services Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ulrich Schweizer
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dolph L Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute for Developmental Genetics, Neuherberg, Germany.
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22
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Nelson SM, Shay AE, James JL, Carlson BA, Urban JF, Prabhu KS. Selenoprotein Expression in Macrophages Is Critical for Optimal Clearance of Parasitic Helminth Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:2787-98. [PMID: 26644468 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.684738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasticity of macrophages is evident in helminthic parasite infections, providing protection from inflammation. Previously we demonstrated that the micronutrient selenium induces a phenotypic switch in macrophage activation from a classically activated (pro-inflammatory; M1/CAM) toward an alternatively activated (anti-inflammatory; M2/AAM) phenotype, where cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent cyclopentenone prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) plays a key role. Here, we hypothesize that dietary selenium modulates macrophage polarization toward an AAM phenotype to assist in the increasing clearance of adult Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, a gastrointestinal nematode parasite. Mice on a selenium-adequate (0.08 ppm) diet significantly augmented intestinal AAM presence while decreasing adult worms and fecal egg production when compared with infection of mice on selenium-deficient (<0.01 ppm) diet. Further increase in dietary selenium to supraphysiological levels (0.4 ppm) had very little or no impact on worm expulsion. Normal adult worm clearance and enhanced AAM marker expression were observed in the selenium-supplemented Trsp(fl/fl)Cre(WT) mice that express selenoproteins driven by tRNA(Sec) (Trsp), whereas N. brasiliensis-infected Trsp(fl/fl)Cre(LysM) selenium-supplemented mice showed a decreased clearance, with lowered intestinal expression of several AAM markers. Inhibition of the COX pathway with indomethacin resulted in delayed worm expulsion in selenium-adequate mice. This was rescued with 15d-PGJ2, which partially recapitulated the effect of selenium supplementation on fecal egg output in addition to increasing markers of AAMs in the small intestine. Antagonism of PPARγ blocked the effect of selenium. These results suggest that optimal expression of selenoproteins and selenium-dependent production of COX-derived endogenous prostanoids, such as Δ(12)-PGJ2 and 15d-PGJ2, may regulate AAM activation to enhance anti-helminthic parasite responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakira M Nelson
- From the Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Ashley E Shay
- From the Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Jamaal L James
- From the Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, and
| | - Joseph F Urban
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 20705
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- From the Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802,
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23
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Tsuji PA, Carlson BA, Anderson CB, Seifried HE, Hatfield DL, Howard MT. Dietary Selenium Levels Affect Selenoprotein Expression and Support the Interferon-γ and IL-6 Immune Response Pathways in Mice. Nutrients 2015; 7:6529-49. [PMID: 26258789 PMCID: PMC4555136 DOI: 10.3390/nu7085297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential element that is required to support a number of cellular functions and biochemical pathways. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of reduced dietary selenium levels on gene expression to assess changes in expression of non-selenoprotein genes that may contribute to the physiological consequences of selenium deficiency. Mice were fed diets that were either deficient in selenium or supplemented with selenium in the form of sodium selenite for six weeks. Differences in liver mRNA expression and translation were measured using a combination of ribosome profiling, RNA-Seq, microarrays, and qPCR. Expression levels and translation of mRNAs encoding stress-related selenoproteins were shown to be up-regulated by increased selenium status, as were genes involved in inflammation and response to interferon-γ. Changes in serum cytokine levels were measured which confirmed that interferon-γ, as well as IL-6, were increased in selenium adequate mice. Finally, microarray and qPCR analysis of lung tissue demonstrated that the selenium effects on immune function are not limited to liver. These data are consistent with previous reports indicating that adequate selenium levels can support beneficial immune responses, and further identify the IL-6 and interferon-γ pathways as being responsive to dietary selenium intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra A Tsuji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, 21252, USA.
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | | | - Harold E Seifried
- Nutritional Science Research Group, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Dolph L Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Michael T Howard
- Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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24
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Mahdi Y, Xu XM, Carlson BA, Fradejas N, Günter P, Braun D, Southon E, Tessarollo L, Hatfield DL, Schweizer U. Expression of Selenoproteins Is Maintained in Mice Carrying Mutations in SECp43, the tRNA Selenocysteine 1 Associated Protein (Trnau1ap). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127349. [PMID: 26043259 PMCID: PMC4456167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenocysteine tRNA 1 associated protein (Trnau1ap) has been characterized as a tRNA[Ser]Sec-binding protein of 43 kDa, hence initially named SECp43. Previous studies reported its presence in complexes containing tRNA[Ser]Sec implying a role of SECp43 as a co-factor in selenoprotein expression. We generated two conditionally mutant mouse models targeting exons 3+4 and exons 7+8 eliminating parts of the first RNA recognition motif or of the tyrosine-rich domain, respectively. Constitutive inactivation of exons 3+4 of SECp43 apparently did not affect the mice or selenoprotein expression in several organs. Constitutive deletion of exons 7+8 was embryonic lethal. We therefore generated hepatocyte-specific Secp43 knockout mice and characterized selenoprotein expression in livers of mutant mice. We found no significant changes in the levels of 75Se-labelled hepatic proteins, selenoprotein levels as determined by Western blot analysis, enzymatic activity or selenoprotein mRNA abundance. The methylation pattern of tRNA[Ser]Sec remained unchanged. Truncated Secp43 Δ7,8mRNA increased in Secp43-mutant livers suggesting auto-regulation of Secp43 mRNA abundance. We found no signs of liver damage in Secp433-mutant mice, but neuron-specific deletion of exons 7+8 impaired motor performance, while not affecting cerebral selenoprotein expression or cerebellar development. These findings suggest that the targeted domains in the SECp43 protein are not essential for selenoprotein biosynthesis in hepatocytes and neurons. Whether the remaining second RNA recognition motif plays a role in selenoprotein biosynthesis and which other cellular process depends on SECp43 remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassin Mahdi
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Xue-Ming Xu
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Noelia Fradejas
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Paul Günter
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Doreen Braun
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eileen Southon
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lino Tessarollo
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Dolph L. Hatfield
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ulrich Schweizer
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- * E-mail:
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25
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Bang J, Huh JH, Na JW, Lu Q, Carlson BA, Tobe R, Tsuji PA, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL, Lee BJ. Cell Proliferation and Motility Are Inhibited by G1 Phase Arrest in 15-kDa Selenoprotein-Deficient Chang Liver Cells. Mol Cells 2015; 38:457-65. [PMID: 25728752 PMCID: PMC4443288 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2015.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The 15-kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) is a selenoprotein residing in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and implicated in quality control of protein folding. Herein, we established an inducible RNAi cell line that targets Sep15 mRNA in Chang liver cells. RNAi-induced Sep15 deficiency led to inhibition of cell proliferation, whereas cell growth was resumed after removal of the knockdown inducer. Sep15-deficient cells were arrested at the G1 phase by upregulating p21 and p27, and these cells were also characterized by ER stress. In addition, Sep15 deficiency led to the relocation of focal adhesions to the periphery of the cell basement and to the decrease of the migratory and invasive ability. All these changes were reversible depending on Sep15 status. Rescuing the knockdown state by expressing a silent mutant Sep15 mRNA that is resistant to siRNA also reversed the phenotypic changes. Our results suggest that SEP15 plays important roles in the regulation of the G1 phase during the cell cycle as well as in cell motility in Chang liver cells, and that this selenoprotein offers a novel functional link between the cell cycle and cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyoung Bang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742
Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742
Korea
| | - Jang Hoe Huh
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742
Korea
| | - Ji-Woon Na
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742
Korea
| | - Qiao Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742
Korea
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ryuta Tobe
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Petra A. Tsuji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252
| | - Vadim N. Gladyshev
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115,
USA
| | - Dolph L. Hatfield
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Byeong Jae Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742
Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742
Korea
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742
Korea
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26
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Tsuji PA, Carlson BA, Yoo MH, Naranjo-Suarez S, Xu XM, He Y, Asaki E, Seifried HE, Reinhold WC, Davis CD, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL. The 15kDa selenoprotein and thioredoxin reductase 1 promote colon cancer by different pathways. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124487. [PMID: 25886253 PMCID: PMC4401539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenoproteins mediate much of the cancer-preventive properties of the essential nutrient selenium, but some of these proteins have been shown to also have cancer-promoting effects. We examined the contributions of the 15kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1) to cancer development. Targeted down-regulation of either gene inhibited anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent growth and formation of experimental metastases of mouse colon carcinoma CT26 cells. Surprisingly, combined deficiency of Sep15 and TR1 reversed the anti-cancer effects observed with down-regulation of each single gene. We found that inflammation-related genes regulated by Stat-1, especially interferon-γ-regulated guanylate-binding proteins, were highly elevated in Sep15-deficient, but not in TR1-deficient cells. Interestingly, components of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were up-regulated in cells lacking both TR1 and Sep15. These results suggest that Sep15 and TR1 participate in interfering regulatory pathways in colon cancer cells. Considering the variable expression levels of Sep15 and TR1 found within the human population, our results provide insights into new roles of selenoproteins in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra A. Tsuji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PAT)
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Min-Hyuk Yoo
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Salvador Naranjo-Suarez
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xue-Ming Xu
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yiwen He
- Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Esther Asaki
- Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Harold E. Seifried
- Nutritional Science Research Group, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William C. Reinhold
- Genomics & Informatics Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Cindy D. Davis
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vadim N. Gladyshev
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dolph L. Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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27
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Bang J, Jang M, Huh JH, Na JW, Shim M, Carlson BA, Tobe R, Tsuji PA, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL, Lee BJ. Deficiency of the 15-kDa selenoprotein led to cytoskeleton remodeling and non-apoptotic membrane blebbing through a RhoA/ROCK pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 456:884-90. [PMID: 25529450 PMCID: PMC4758352 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The 15-kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) has been implicated in etiology of some types of cancer. Herein, inducible RNAi cell lines were established and cell morphology and motility were analyzed. The majority of Sep15-deficient cells (>95%) formed membrane blebs in a dynamic manner. Blebbing cells transformed cell morphology from a normal flat spindle shape to a spherical morphology. In blebbing cells, actin fibers moved to the cell periphery, covering and obscuring visualization of α-tubulin. Bleb formation was suppressed by the inhibitors of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), RhoA or myosin light chain (MLC), restoring blebbing cells to wild-type morphology. RhoA activation and phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 was induced by Sep15 knockdown. Sep15-deficient cells were non-apoptotic, and displayed a distinct relative localization of F-actin and α-tubulin from typical apoptotic blebbing cells. Our data suggest that Sep15 in Chang liver cells regulates the pathway that antagonizes RhoA/ROCK/MLC-dependent non-apoptotic bleb formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyoung Bang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihyun Jang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hoe Huh
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woon Na
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoungsup Shim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea; Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ryuta Tobe
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Petra A Tsuji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dolph L Hatfield
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Byeong Jae Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea; Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Narayan V, Ravindra KC, Liao C, Kaushal N, Carlson BA, Prabhu KS. Epigenetic regulation of inflammatory gene expression in macrophages by selenium. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 26:138-45. [PMID: 25458528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Acetylation of histone and non-histone proteins by histone acetyltransferases plays a pivotal role in the expression of proinflammatory genes. Given the importance of dietary selenium in mitigating inflammation, we hypothesized that selenium supplementation may regulate inflammatory gene expression at the epigenetic level. The effect of selenium towards histone acetylation was examined in both in vitro and in vivo models of inflammation by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and immunoblotting. Our results indicated that selenium supplementation, as selenite, decreased acetylation of histone H4 at K12 and K16 in COX-2 and TNFα promoters, and of the p65 subunit of the redox sensitive transcription factor NFκB in primary and immortalized macrophages. On the other hand, selenomethionine had a much weaker effect. Selenite treatment of HIV-1-infected human monocytes also significantly decreased the acetylation of H4 at K12 and K16 on the HIV-1 promoter, supporting the down-regulation of proviral expression by selenium. A similar decrease in histone acetylation was also seen in the colonic extracts of mice treated with dextran sodium sulfate that correlated well with the levels of selenium in the diet. Bone-marrow-derived macrophages from Trsp(fl/fl)Cre(LysM) mice that lack expression of selenoproteins in macrophages confirmed the important role of selenoproteins in the inhibition of histone H4 acetylation. Our studies suggest that the ability of selenoproteins to skew the metabolism of arachidonic acid contributes, in part, to their ability to inhibit histone acetylation. In summary, our studies suggest a new role for selenoproteins in the epigenetic modulation of proinflammatory genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Narayan
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Kodihalli C Ravindra
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Chang Liao
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Naveen Kaushal
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.
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29
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Kaushal N, Kudva AK, Patterson AD, Chiaro C, Kennett MJ, Desai D, Amin S, Carlson BA, Cantorna MT, Prabhu KS. Crucial role of macrophage selenoproteins in experimental colitis. J Immunol 2014; 193:3683-92. [PMID: 25187657 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that involves macrophages. Given the inverse link between selenium (Se) status and IBD-induced inflammation, our objective was to demonstrate that selenoproteins in macrophages were essential to suppress proinflammatory mediators, in part, by the modulation of arachidonic acid metabolism. Acute colitis was induced using 4% dextran sodium sulfate in wild-type mice maintained on Se-deficient (<0.01 ppm Se), Se-adequate (0.08 ppm; sodium selenite), and two supraphysiological levels in the form of Se-supplemented (0.4 ppm; sodium selenite) and high Se (1.0 ppm; sodium selenite) diets. Selenocysteinyl transfer RNA knockout mice (Trsp(fl/fl)LysM(Cre)) were used to examine the role of selenoproteins in macrophages on disease progression and severity using histopathological evaluation, expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory genes, and modulation of PG metabolites in urine and plasma. Whereas Se-deficient and Se-adequate mice showed increased colitis and exhibited poor survival, Se supplementation at 0.4 and 1.0 ppm increased survival of mice and decreased colitis-associated inflammation with an upregulation of expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory genes. Metabolomic profiling of urine suggested increased oxidation of PGE2 at supraphysiological levels of Se that also correlated well with Se-dependent upregulation of 15-hydroxy-PG dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) in macrophages. Pharmacological inhibition of 15-PGDH, lack of selenoprotein expression in macrophages, and depletion of infiltrating macrophages indicated that macrophage-specific selenoproteins and upregulation of 15-PGDH expression were key for Se-dependent anti-inflammatory and proresolving effects. Selenoproteins in macrophages protect mice from dextran sodium sulfate-colitis by enhancing 15-PGDH-dependent oxidation of PGE2 to alleviate inflammation, suggesting a therapeutic role for Se in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kaushal
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Avinash K Kudva
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Andrew D Patterson
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Christopher Chiaro
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Mary J Kennett
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033; and
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033; and
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Margherita T Cantorna
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802;
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30
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Seeher S, Atassi T, Mahdi Y, Carlson BA, Braun D, Wirth EK, Klein MO, Reix N, Miniard AC, Schomburg L, Hatfield DL, Driscoll DM, Schweizer U. Secisbp2 is essential for embryonic development and enhances selenoprotein expression. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:835-49. [PMID: 24274065 PMCID: PMC4116110 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS)-binding protein 2 (Secisbp2) binds to SECIS elements located in the 3'-untranslated region of eukaryotic selenoprotein mRNAs. Selenoproteins contain the rare amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). Mutations in SECISBP2 in humans lead to reduced selenoprotein expression thereby affecting thyroid hormone-dependent growth and differentiation processes. The most severe cases also display myopathy, hearing impairment, male infertility, increased photosensitivity, mental retardation, and ataxia. Mouse models are needed to understand selenoprotein-dependent processes underlying the patients' pleiotropic phenotypes. RESULTS Unlike tRNA[Ser]Sec-deficient embryos, homozygous Secisbp2-deleted embryos implant, but fail before gastrulation. Heterozygous inactivation of Secisbp2 reduced the amount of selenoprotein expressed, but did not affect the thyroid hormone axis or growth. Conditional deletion of Secisbp2 in hepatocytes significantly decreased selenoprotein expression. Unexpectedly, the loss of Secisbp2 reduced the abundance of many, but not all, selenoprotein mRNAs. Transcript-specific and gender-selective effects on selenoprotein mRNA abundance were greater in Secisbp2-deficient hepatocytes than in tRNA[Ser]Sec-deficient cells. Despite the massive reduction of Dio1 and Sepp1 mRNAs, significantly more corresponding protein was detected in primary hepatocytes lacking Secisbp2 than in cells lacking tRNA[Ser]Sec. Regarding selenoprotein expression, compensatory nuclear factor, erythroid-derived, like 2 (Nrf2)-dependent gene expression, or embryonic development, phenotypes were always milder in Secisbp2-deficient than in tRNA[Ser]Sec-deficient mice. INNOVATION We report the first Secisbp2 mutant mouse models. The conditional mutants provide a model for analyzing Secisbp2 function in organs not accessible in patients. CONCLUSION In hepatocyte-specific conditional mouse models, Secisbp2 gene inactivation is less detrimental than tRNA[Ser]Sec inactivation. A role of Secisbp2 in stabilizing selenoprotein mRNAs in vivo was uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Seeher
- 1 Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin, Germany
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31
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Barroso M, Florindo C, Kalwa H, Silva Z, Turanov AA, Carlson BA, de Almeida IT, Blom HJ, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL, Michel T, Castro R, Loscalzo J, Handy DE. Inhibition of cellular methyltransferases promotes endothelial cell activation by suppressing glutathione peroxidase 1 protein expression. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:15350-62. [PMID: 24719327 PMCID: PMC4140892 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.549782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) is a negative regulator of most methyltransferases and the precursor for the cardiovascular risk factor homocysteine. We have previously identified a link between the homocysteine-induced suppression of the selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx-1) and endothelial dysfunction. Here we demonstrate a specific mechanism by which hypomethylation, promoted by the accumulation of the homocysteine precursor SAH, suppresses GPx-1 expression and leads to inflammatory activation of endothelial cells. The expression of GPx-1 and a subset of other selenoproteins is dependent on the methylation of the tRNA(Sec) to the Um34 form. The formation of methylated tRNA(Sec) facilitates translational incorporation of selenocysteine at a UGA codon. Our findings demonstrate that SAH accumulation in endothelial cells suppresses the expression of GPx-1 to promote oxidative stress. Hypomethylation stress, caused by SAH accumulation, inhibits the formation of the methylated isoform of the tRNA(Sec) and reduces GPx-1 expression. In contrast, under these conditions, the expression and activity of thioredoxin reductase 1, another selenoprotein, is increased. Furthermore, SAH-induced oxidative stress creates a proinflammatory activation of endothelial cells characterized by up-regulation of adhesion molecules and an augmented capacity to bind leukocytes. Taken together, these data suggest that SAH accumulation in endothelial cells can induce tRNA(Sec) hypomethylation, which alters the expression of selenoproteins such as GPx-1 to contribute to a proatherogenic endothelial phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena Barroso
- From the Cardiovascular and ,the Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL) and
| | - Cristina Florindo
- the Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL) and
| | | | - Zélia Silva
- the Chronic Diseases Research Center, Departamento de Imunologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1099-085 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anton A. Turanov
- Genetics Divisions, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- the Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, and
| | - Isabel Tavares de Almeida
- the Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL) and ,Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Henk J. Blom
- the Department of General Pediatrics, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vadim N. Gladyshev
- Genetics Divisions, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Dolph L. Hatfield
- the Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, and
| | | | - Rita Castro
- the Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL) and ,Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Diane E. Handy
- From the Cardiovascular and , To whom correspondence should be addressed: Cardiovascular Div., Dept. of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Ave. Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115. Tel.: 617-525-4845; Fax: 617-525-4830; E-mail:
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32
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Mattmiller SA, Carlson BA, Gandy JC, Sordillo LM. Reduced macrophage selenoprotein expression alters oxidized lipid metabolite biosynthesis from arachidonic and linoleic acid. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 25:647-54. [PMID: 24746836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation is an underlying etiology for multiple diseases and macrophages orchestrate inflammation largely through the production of oxidized fatty acids known as oxylipids. Previous studies showed that selenium (Se) status altered the expression of oxylipids and magnitude of inflammatory responses. Although selenoproteins are thought to mediate many of the biological effects of Se, the direct effect of selenoproteins on the production of oxylipids is unknown. Therefore, the role of decreased selenoprotein activity in modulating the production of biologically active oxylipids from macrophages was investigated. Thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages were collected from wild-type and myeloid-cell-specific selenoprotein knockout mice to analyze oxylipid production by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry as well as oxylipid biosynthetic enzyme and inflammatory marker gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Decreased selenoprotein activity resulted in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, enhanced cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase expression and decreased oxylipids with known anti-inflammatory properties such as arachidonic acid-derived lipoxin A₄ (LXA₄) and linoleic acid-derived 9-oxo-octadecadienoic acid (9-oxoODE). Treating RAW 264.7 macrophages with LXA₄ or 9-oxoODE diminished oxidant-induced macrophage inflammatory response as indicated by decreased production of TNFα. The results show for the first time that selenoproteins are important for the balanced biosynthesis of pro- and anti-inflammatory oxylipids during inflammation. A better understanding of the Se-dependent control mechanisms governing oxylipid biosynthesis may uncover nutritional intervention strategies to counteract the harmful effects of uncontrolled inflammation due to oxylipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Mattmiller
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jeff C Gandy
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Lorraine M Sordillo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Hatfield DL, Tsuji PA, Carlson BA, Gladyshev VN. Selenium and selenocysteine: roles in cancer, health, and development. Trends Biochem Sci 2014; 39:112-20. [PMID: 24485058 PMCID: PMC3943681 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 425] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The many biological and biomedical effects of selenium are relatively unknown outside the selenium field. This fascinating element, initially described as a toxin, was subsequently shown to be essential for health and development. By the mid-1990s selenium emerged as one of the most promising cancer chemopreventive agents, but subsequent human clinical trials yielded contradictory results. However, basic research on selenium continued to move at a rapid pace, elucidating its many roles in health, development, and in cancer prevention and promotion. Dietary selenium acts principally through selenoproteins, most of which are oxidoreductases involved in diverse cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolph L Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Petra A Tsuji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Luchman HA, Villemaire ML, Bismar TA, Carlson BA, Jirik FR. Prostate epithelium-specific deletion of the selenocysteine tRNA gene Trsp leads to early onset intraepithelial neoplasia. Am J Pathol 2014; 184:871-7. [PMID: 24447801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although various lines of evidence suggest that oxidative stress plays a role in human prostate cancer initiation and progression, there is a paucity of direct evidence for its role in tumor initiation. To begin to address this issue, we developed a novel tumorigenesis model by reducing the expression of multiple selenoproteins (SPs) in mouse prostatic epithelium. This was accomplished via the prostate-specific deletion of Trsp, a gene that encodes a transfer RNA (Sec tRNA) required for the insertion of selenocysteine residues into SPs during their translation. By 6 weeks of age, Trsp-deficient mice exhibited widespread prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia lesions in all prostatic lobes, which then progressed to high-grade dysplasia and microinvasive carcinoma by 24 weeks. In contrast to other murine prostate cancer models, Trsp-deficient mice required neither the deletion of a tumor suppressor nor the transgenic introduction of an oncogene for prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia lesion development. In keeping with the antioxidant functions of several SPs, we found increases in lipid peroxidation markers in Trsp-deficient epithelial cells. This novel model of prostate neoplasia provides evidence for the existence of a selenoprotein or selenoproteins capable of acting as a tumor suppressor in the murine prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Artee Luchman
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michelle L Villemaire
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tarek A Bismar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Calgary Laboratory Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Oncology, University of Calgary and Calgary Laboratory Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Frank R Jirik
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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35
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Yoo MH, Carlson BA, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL. Abrogated thioredoxin system causes increased sensitivity to TNF-α-induced apoptosis via enrichment of p-ERK 1/2 in the nucleus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71427. [PMID: 24039713 PMCID: PMC3765418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin (Trx) and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1) are among the major redox regulators in mammalian cells and have a wide variety of roles, including removal of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevention of cell death. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induces cancer cell death. Although ROS have been proposed to participate in this process, the role of the thioredoxin system in TNF-α stimulated cell death remains unclear. We investigated the possibility that the thioredoxin system protects against TNF-α-induced cancer cell death by examining whether TR1/Trx1 status controls TNF-α-induced apoptosis in EMT6 murine breast cancer cells. TR1-deficient cells were more sensitive to TNF-α than control cells. Increased sensitivity to TNF-α was most pronounced in Trx1-deficient cells. TNF-α-induced nuclear localization of phosphorylated ERK 1/2 (p-ERK 1/2) correlated with increased apoptosis in TR1- and Trx1-deficient cells, suggesting a pro-apoptotic role for nuclear p-ERK 1/2 in TNF-α-induced apoptosis. In addition, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition dramatically reduced TNF-α-stimulated apoptosis and nuclear localization of p-ERK 1/2. In contrast, inhibition of ROS, MEK, JNK, or p38 did not significantly alter p-ERK 1/2 localization or apoptosis in TR1- and Trx1-deficient cells compared to control cells. Further, NF-κB p65 localization was not changed in TR1- and Trx1-deficient cells in response to TNF-α relative to control cells. Our data suggest that the thioredoxin system plays a critical role in protecting against TNF-α-induced apoptosis by regulating the levels of nuclear p-ERK 1/2 in a PI3K-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hyuk Yoo
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vadim N. Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dolph L. Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Naranjo-Suarez S, Carlson BA, Tobe R, Yoo MH, Tsuji PA, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL. Regulation of HIF-1α activity by overexpression of thioredoxin is independent of thioredoxin reductase status. Mol Cells 2013; 36:151-7. [PMID: 23912593 PMCID: PMC3887957 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-0121-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Under hypoxic conditions, cells activate a transcriptional response mainly driven by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). HIF-1α stabilization and activity are known to be regulated by thioredoxin 1 (Txn1), but how the thioredoxin system regulates the hypoxic response is unknown. By examining the effects of Txn1 overexpression on HIF-1α function in HeLa, HT-29, MCF-7 and EMT6 cell lines, we found that this oxidoreductase did not stabilize HIF-1α, yet could increase its activity. These effects were dependent on the redox function of Txn1. However, Txn1 deficiency did not affect HIF-1α hypoxic-stabilization and activity, and overexpression of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1), the natural Txn1 reductase, had no influence on HIF-1α activity. Moreover, overexpression of Txn1 in TR1 deficient HeLa and EMT6 cells was still able to increase HIF-1α hypoxic activity. These results indicate that Txn1 is not essential for HIF-1α hypoxic stabilization or activity, that its overexpression can increase HIF-1α hypoxic activity, and that this effect is observed regardless of TR1 status. Thus, regulation of HIF-1α by the thioredoxin system depends on the specific levels of this system's major components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Naranjo-Suarez
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
- Present address: Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, John Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD 21231,
USA
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
| | - Ryuta Tobe
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
| | - Min-Hyuk Yoo
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
| | - Petra A. Tsuji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252,
USA
| | - Vadim N. Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, 02115,
USA
| | - Dolph L. Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
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Patterson AD, Carlson BA, Li F, Bonzo JA, Yoo MH, Krausz KW, Conrad M, Chen C, Gonzalez FJ, Hatfield DL. Disruption of thioredoxin reductase 1 protects mice from acute acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity through enhanced NRF2 activity. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:1088-96. [PMID: 23697945 DOI: 10.1021/tx4001013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The critical importance of glutathione in mitigating the deleterious effects of electrophile generating drugs such as acetaminophen (APAP) is well established. However, the role of other antioxidant systems, such as that provided by thioredoxin, has not been extensively studied. Selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase 1 (Txnrd1) is important for attenuating activation of the apoptosis signaling-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway caused by high doses of APAP. Therefore, a detailed investigation of the role of Txnrd1 in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity was conducted. Liver-specific Txnrd1 knockout mice (Txnrd1(ΔLiv)) were generated and treated with a hepatotoxic dose (400 mg/kg) of APAP for 1 or 6 h. Liver toxicity was assessed by measuring the activities of liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in serum, in addition to histopathological analysis of liver sections and analysis of glutathione levels. At 1 h post-APAP treatment, total and mitochondrial glutathione levels in control and Txnrd1(ΔLiv) mice were similarly depleted. However, at 6 h post-APAP treatment, Txnrd1(ΔLiv) mice were resistant to APAP toxicity as liver enzymes and histology were not significantly different from the corresponding untreated mice. Analyses revealed the compensatory up-regulation of many of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) target genes and proteins in Txnrd1(ΔLiv) mice with and without APAP treatment. Yet, JNK was phosphorylated to a similar extent in APAP-treated control mice. The results suggest that Txnrd1(ΔLiv) mice are primed for xenobiotic detoxication primarily through NRF2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Patterson
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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Abstract
Incorporation of selenium into ~25 mammalian selenoproteins occurs by translational recoding whereby in-frame UGA codons are redefined to encode the selenium containing amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec). Here we applied ribosome profiling to examine the effect of dietary selenium levels on the translational mechanisms controlling selenoprotein synthesis in mouse liver. Dietary selenium levels were shown to control gene-specific selenoprotein expression primarily at the translation level by differential regulation of UGA redefinition and Sec incorporation efficiency, although effects on translation initiation and mRNA abundance were also observed. Direct evidence is presented that increasing dietary selenium causes a vast increase in ribosome density downstream of UGA-Sec codons for a subset of selenoprotein mRNAs and that the selenium-dependent effects on Sec incorporation efficiency are mediated in part by the degree of Sec-tRNA([Ser]Sec) Um34 methylation. Furthermore, we find evidence for translation in the 5'-UTRs for a subset of selenoproteins and for ribosome pausing near the UGA-Sec codon in those mRNAs encoding the selenoproteins most affected by selenium availability. These data illustrate how dietary levels of the trace element selenium can alter the readout of the genetic code to affect the expression of an entire class of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Howard
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
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Tobe R, Naranjo-Suarez S, Everley RA, Carlson BA, Turanov AA, Tsuji PA, Yoo MH, Gygi SP, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL. High error rates in selenocysteine insertion in mammalian cells treated with the antibiotic doxycycline, chloramphenicol, or geneticin. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:14709-15. [PMID: 23589299 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.446666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics target bacteria by interfering with essential processes such as translation, but their effects on translation in mammalian cells are less well characterized. We found that doxycycline, chloramphenicol, and Geneticin (G418) interfered with insertion of selenocysteine (Sec), which is encoded by the stop codon, UGA, into selenoproteins in murine EMT6 cells. Treatment of EMT6 cells with these antibiotics reduced enzymatic activities and Sec insertion into thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1). However, these proteins were differentially affected due to varying errors in Sec insertion at UGA. In the presence of doxycycline, chloramphenicol, or G418, the Sec-containing form of TR1 decreased, whereas the arginine-containing and truncated forms of this protein increased. We also detected antibiotic-specific misinsertion of cysteine and tryptophan. Furthermore, misinsertion of arginine in place of Sec was commonly observed in GPx1 and glutathione peroxidase 4. TR1 was the most affected and GPx1 was the least affected by these translation errors. These observations were consistent with the differential use of two Sec tRNA isoforms and their distinct roles in supporting accuracy of Sec insertion into selenoproteins. The data reveal widespread errors in inserting Sec into proteins and in dysregulation of selenoprotein expression and function upon antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Tobe
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Kasaikina MV, Turanov AA, Avanesov A, Schweizer U, Seeher S, Bronson RT, Novoselov SN, Carlson BA, Hatfield DL, Gladyshev VN. Contrasting roles of dietary selenium and selenoproteins in chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:1089-95. [PMID: 23389288 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) has long been known for its cancer prevention properties, but the molecular basis remains unclear. The principal questions in assessing the effect of dietary Se in cancer are whether selenoproteins, small molecule selenocompounds, or both, are involved, and under which conditions and genotypes Se may be protective. In this study, we examined diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice lacking a subset of selenoproteins due to expression of a mutant selenocysteine tRNA gene (Trsp (A37G) mice). To uncouple the effects of selenocompounds and selenoproteins, these animals were examined at several levels of dietary Se. Our analysis revealed that tumorigenesis in Trsp (A37G) mice maintained on the adequate Se diet was increased. However, in the control, wild-type mice, both Se deficiency and high Se levels protected against tumorigenesis. We further found that the Se-deficient diet induced severe neurological phenotypes in Trsp A37G mice. Surprisingly, a similar phenotype could be induced in these mice at high dietary Se intake. Overall, our results show a complex role of Se in chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis, which involves interaction among selenoproteins, selenocompounds and toxins, and depends on genotype and background of the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Kasaikina
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Sengupta A, Lichti UF, Carlson BA, Cataisson C, Ryscavage AO, Mikulec C, Conrad M, Fischer SM, Hatfield DL, Yuspa SH. Targeted disruption of glutathione peroxidase 4 in mouse skin epithelial cells impairs postnatal hair follicle morphogenesis that is partially rescued through inhibition of COX-2. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 133:1731-41. [PMID: 23364477 PMCID: PMC3652900 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Selenoproteins are essential molecules for the mammalian antioxidant network. We previously demonstrated that targeted loss of all selenoproteins in mouse epidermis disrupted skin and hair development and caused premature death. In the current study we targeted specific selenoproteins for epidermal deletion to determine whether similar phenotypes developed. Keratinocyte-specific knockout mice lacking either the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) or thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1) gene were generated by cre-lox technology using K14-cre. TR1 knockout mice had a normal phenotype in resting skin while GPx4 loss in epidermis caused epidermal hyperplasia, dermal inflammatory infiltrate, dysmorphic hair follicles and alopecia in perinatal mice. Unlike epidermal ablation of all selenoproteins, mice ablated for GPx4 recovered after 5 weeks and had a normal lifespan. GPx1 and TR1 were upregulated in the skin and keratinocytes of GPx4 knockout mice. GPx4 deletion reduces keratinocyte adhesion in culture and increases lipid peroxidation and COX-2 levels in cultured keratinocytes and whole skin. Feeding a COX-2 inhibitor to nursing mothers partially prevents development of the abnormal skin phenotype in knockout pups. These data link the activity of cutaneous GPx4 to the regulation of COX-2 and hair follicle morphogenesis and provide insight into the function of individual selenoprotein activity in maintaining cutaneous homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Sengupta
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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42
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Kim M, Chen Z, Shim MS, Lee MS, Kim JE, Kwon YE, Yoo TJ, Kim JY, Bang JY, Carlson BA, Seol JH, Hatfield DL, Lee BJ. SUMO modification of NZFP mediates transcriptional repression through TBP binding. Mol Cells 2013; 35:70-8. [PMID: 23269432 PMCID: PMC3887854 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-2281-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The negatively regulating zinc finger protein (NZFP) is an essential transcription repressor required for early development during gastrulation in Xenopus laevis. In this study, we found that NZFP interacts with the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) conjugation E2 enzyme, Ubc9, and contains three putative SUMO conjugation sites. Studies with NZFP mutants containing mutations at the putative SUMO conjugation sites showed that these sites were able to be modified independently with SUMO. NZFP was found to be localized in the same nuclear bodies with SUMO-1. However, sumoylation of NZFP did not play a role either in the translocation of NZFP into the nucleus or on nuclear body formation. While wild type NZFP showed significant transcriptional repression, SUMO-conjugation site mutants manifested a decrease in transcriptional repression activity which is reversely proportional to the amount of sumoylation. The sumoylation defective mutant lost its TBP binding activity, while wild type NZFP interacted with TBP and inhibited transcription complex formation. These results strongly suggest that the sumoylation of NZFP facilitates NZFP to bind to TBP and the NZFP/TBP complex then represses the transcription of the target gene by inhibiting basal transcription complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijin Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742,
Korea
| | - Zifan Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742,
Korea
| | - Myoung Sup Shim
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742,
Korea
| | - Myoung Sook Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742,
Korea
| | - Ji Eon Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742,
Korea
| | - Young Eun Kwon
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742,
Korea
| | - Tack Jin Yoo
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742,
Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742,
Korea
| | - Je Young Bang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742,
Korea
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
| | - Jae Hong Seol
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742,
Korea
| | - Dolph L. Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
| | - Byeong Jae Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742,
Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742,
Korea
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Tsuji PA, Carlson BA, Naranjo-Suarez S, Yoo MH, Xu XM, Fomenko DE, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL, Davis CD. Knockout of the 15 kDa selenoprotein protects against chemically-induced aberrant crypt formation in mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50574. [PMID: 23226526 PMCID: PMC3514276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that selenium has cancer preventive properties that are largely mediated through selenoproteins. Our previous observations demonstrated that targeted down-regulation of the 15 kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) in murine colon cancer cells resulted in the reversal of the cancer phenotype. The present study investigated the effect of Sep15 knockout in mice using a chemically-induced colon cancer model. Homozygous Sep15 knockout mice, and wild type littermate controls were given four weekly subcutaneous injections of azoxymethane (10 mg/kg). Sep15 knockout mice developed significantly (p<0.001) fewer aberrant crypt foci than controls demonstrating that loss of Sep15 protects against aberrant crypt foci formation. Dietary selenium above adequate levels did not significantly affect aberrant crypt foci formation in Sep15 knockout mice. To investigate molecular targets affected by loss of Sep15, gene expression patterns in colonic mucosal cells of knockout and wild type mice were examined using microarray analysis. Subsequent analyses verified that guanylate binding protein-1 (GBP-1) mRNA and protein expression were strongly upregulated in Sep15 knockout mice. GBP-1, which is expressed in response to interferon-γ, is considered to be an activation marker during inflammatory diseases, and up-regulation of GBP-1 in humans has been associated with a highly significant, increased five-year survival rate in colorectal cancer patients. In agreement with these studies, we observed a higher level of interferon-γ in plasma of Sep15 knockout mice. Overall, our results demonstrate for the first time, that Sep15 knockout mice are protected against chemically-induced aberrant crypt foci formation and that Sep15 appears to have oncogenic properties in colon carcinogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra A Tsuji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, Maryland, United States of America.
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Carlson BA, Yoo MH, Tobe R, Mueller C, Naranjo-Suarez S, Hoffmann VJ, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL. Thioredoxin reductase 1 protects against chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis via control of cellular redox homeostasis. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:1806-13. [PMID: 22791808 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1) controls the redox state of protein thiols in mammalian cells and has been shown to have roles in both preventing and promoting cancer. To define the role of this selenoenzyme in hepatocellular carcinoma development, we examined tumor incidence in the liver of mice with tissue-specific knockout of mouse TR1 subjected to the liver carcinogen, diethylnitrosamine (DEN). TR1-deficient livers manifested ~90% tumor incidence compared with ~16% in control livers. The TR1-dependent effect was observed independent of sex, and, in control mice, tumorigenesis did not affect the expression of TR1. On the other hand, we observed upregulation of another selenoenzyme, glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPx2), and components of the glutathione (GSH) system, including those that generate reduced GSH. Overall, this study shows that TR1 protects against chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis via the control of the cellular redox state, whereas its role in promoting this type of cancer is minimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Rodriguez V, Vasudevan S, Noma A, Carlson BA, Green JE, Suzuki T, Chandrasekharappa SC. Structure-function analysis of human TYW2 enzyme required for the biosynthesis of a highly modified Wybutosine (yW) base in phenylalanine-tRNA. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39297. [PMID: 22761755 PMCID: PMC3386263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranscriptional modifications are critical for structure and function of tRNAs. Wybutosine (yW) and its derivatives are hyper-modified guanosines found at the position 37 of eukaryotic and archaeal tRNAPhe. TYW2 is an enzyme that catalyzes α-amino-α-carboxypropyl transfer activity at the third step of yW biogenesis. Using complementation of a ΔTYW2 strain, we demonstrate here that human TYW2 (hTYW2) is active in yeast and can synthesize the yW of yeast tRNAPhe. Structure-guided analysis identified several conserved residues in hTYW2 that interact with S-adenosyl-methionine (AdoMet), and mutation studies revealed that K225 and E265 are critical residues for the enzymatic activity. We previously reported that the human TYW2 is overexpressed in breast cancer. However, no difference in the tRNAPhe modification status was observed in either normal mouse tissue or a mouse tumor model that overexpresses Tyw2, indicating that hTYW2 may have a role in tumorigenesis unrelated to yW biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Rodriguez
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sona Vasudevan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Akiko Noma
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey E. Green
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tsutomu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Settara C. Chandrasekharappa
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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46
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Tsuji PA, Carlson BA, Yoo MH, Xu XM, Naranjo-Suarez S, Davis CD, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL. Independent down‐regulation of Sep15 and TR1, but not deficiency in both genes, affects cancer phenotypes of mouse colon carcinoma cells. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.253.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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47
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Shim MS, Kim JY, Lee KH, Jung HK, Carlson BA, Xu XM, Hatfield DL, Lee BJ. A novel type of dietary and metabolic glutamate transporter (dmGLUT) plays a crucial role in megamitochondrial formation in
Drosophila. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.lb140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Sup Shim
- School of Biological ScienceIMBGSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
| | - Jin Young Kim
- School of Biological ScienceIMBGSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
| | - Kwang Hee Lee
- School of Biological ScienceIMBGSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
| | - Hee Kyoung Jung
- School of Biological ScienceIMBGSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
| | | | | | | | - Byeong Jae Lee
- School of Biological ScienceIMBGSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
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48
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Tobe R, Naranjo-Suarez S, Turanov AA, Carlson BA, Tsuji PA, Yoo MH, Everley RA, Gladyshev VN. Antibiotics induce mistranslation of selenocysteine residue in selenoproteins. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.241.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anton A Turanov
- Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
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49
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Yoo MH, Carlson BA, Tsuji PA, Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL. Thioredoxin reductase 1: Role in oxidative stress within cancer cells. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.253.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Chen F, Hofmann P, Carlson BA, Tobe R, Schomburg L, Gladyshev VN, Schweizer U, Hatfield DL. Mammalian selenocysteine tRNA Um34 methylase and its role in selenoprotein synthesis. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.241.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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