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Young KS, Purves KL, Hübel C, Davies MR, Thompson KN, Bristow S, Krebs G, Danese A, Hirsch C, Parsons CE, Vassos E, Adey BN, Bright S, Hegemann L, Lee YT, Kalsi G, Monssen D, Mundy J, Peel AJ, Rayner C, Rogers HC, ter Kuile A, Ward C, York K, Lin Y, Palmos AB, Schmidt U, Veale D, Nicholson TR, Pollak TA, Stevelink SAM, Moukhtarian T, Martineau AR, Holt H, Maughan B, Al-Chalabi A, Chaudhuri KR, Richardson MP, Bradley JR, Chinnery PF, Kingston N, Papadia S, Stirrups KE, Linger R, Hotopf M, Eley TC, Breen G. Depression, anxiety and PTSD symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. Psychol Med 2023; 53:5428-5441. [PMID: 35879886 PMCID: PMC10482709 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722002501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on mental health is still being unravelled. It is important to identify which individuals are at greatest risk of worsening symptoms. This study aimed to examine changes in depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms using prospective and retrospective symptom change assessments, and to find and examine the effect of key risk factors. METHOD Online questionnaires were administered to 34 465 individuals (aged 16 years or above) in April/May 2020 in the UK, recruited from existing cohorts or via social media. Around one-third (n = 12 718) of included participants had prior diagnoses of depression or anxiety and had completed pre-pandemic mental health assessments (between September 2018 and February 2020), allowing prospective investigation of symptom change. RESULTS Prospective symptom analyses showed small decreases in depression (PHQ-9: -0.43 points) and anxiety [generalised anxiety disorder scale - 7 items (GAD)-7: -0.33 points] and increases in PTSD (PCL-6: 0.22 points). Conversely, retrospective symptom analyses demonstrated significant large increases (PHQ-9: 2.40; GAD-7 = 1.97), with 55% reported worsening mental health since the beginning of the pandemic on a global change rating. Across both prospective and retrospective measures of symptom change, worsening depression, anxiety and PTSD symptoms were associated with prior mental health diagnoses, female gender, young age and unemployed/student status. CONCLUSIONS We highlight the effect of prior mental health diagnoses on worsening mental health during the pandemic and confirm previously reported sociodemographic risk factors. Discrepancies between prospective and retrospective measures of changes in mental health may be related to recall bias-related underestimation of prior symptom severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. S. Young
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K. L. Purves
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C. Hübel
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Economics and Business Economics, National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M. R. Davies
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K. N. Thompson
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - S. Bristow
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - G. Krebs
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - A. Danese
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- National and Specialist CAMHS Trauma, Anxiety, and Depression Clinic, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C. Hirsch
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C. E. Parsons
- Interacting Minds Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - E. Vassos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - B. N. Adey
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - S. Bright
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - L. Hegemann
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Y. T. Lee
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - G. Kalsi
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D. Monssen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J. Mundy
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A. J. Peel
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - C. Rayner
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - H. C. Rogers
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A. ter Kuile
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C. Ward
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - K. York
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Y. Lin
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - A. B. Palmos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - U. Schmidt
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D. Veale
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - T. R. Nicholson
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Section of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - T. A. Pollak
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Section of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S. A. M. Stevelink
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - T. Moukhtarian
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - A. R. Martineau
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - H. Holt
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - B. Maughan
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - A. Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K. Ray Chaudhuri
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College and King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - M. P. Richardson
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J. R. Bradley
- NIHR BioResource and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - P. F. Chinnery
- NIHR BioResource and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - N. Kingston
- NIHR BioResource and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - S. Papadia
- NIHR BioResource and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - K. E. Stirrups
- NIHR BioResource and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - R. Linger
- NIHR BioResource and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - M. Hotopf
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - T. C. Eley
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G. Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
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Majumdar S, McKinley K, Chamberlain J, Thomas B, Margulies S, Nickel R, Darbari D, Campbell A, Berul C, Summar M, Kalsi G. Design of an adaptive randomized clinical trial of intravenous citrulline for sickle cell pain crisis in the emergency department. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2023; 32:101077. [PMID: 36698745 PMCID: PMC9868327 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vaso-occlusive pain crisis (VOC) is the most frequent cause for Emergency Department (ED) visits and hospital admissions for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Nitric oxide plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of vaso-occlusion. The amino acid, citrulline, is the main endothelial nitric oxide booster that offers the potential to ameliorate vaso-occlusion and decrease the risk of hospitalization. Objective In this two-part study, the goal of the first part is to determine the pharmacokinetic profile of intravenous (IV) l-citrulline and optimal dose for the second part of the study, which is to determine the efficacy and tolerability of the intervention in patients with SCD. Design A phase I/IIA open-label dose-finding study with subsequent double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized Study of l-citrulline in children and adolescents with SCD presenting to the ED in VOC. Methods Part 1: Subjects experiencing VOC are enrolled in an open-label, ascending dose of IV l-citrulline to identify the optimum dose with endpoints of pharmacokinetic parameters, pain scores, reduction of opioid use, quality of life, proportion admitted to the hospital for treatment of pain, readmission rates, and assessment of adverse events. Part 2 of the trial is a double-blind, placebo-controlled adaptive "pick-the-winner" design to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of IV l-citrulline in patients with SCD while receiving standard of care therapy for VOC. Summary This ED based sickle cell adaptive trial will determine the optimal dose for IV citrulline and whether the intervention improves outcome as a potential novel therapy for VOC in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Majumdar
- Departments of Hematology at Children's National Hospital, United States,Corresponding author. Center for Cancer & Blood Disorders, Washington DC, 20010, United States.
| | - K.W. McKinley
- Departments of Emergency Medicine at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - J. Chamberlain
- Departments of Emergency Medicine at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - B. Thomas
- Departments of Emergency Medicine at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - S. Margulies
- Departments of Hematology at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - R.S. Nickel
- Departments of Hematology at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - D.S. Darbari
- Departments of Hematology at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - A. Campbell
- Departments of Hematology at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - C. Berul
- Departments of Cardiology at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - M. Summar
- Departments of Genetics at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - G. Kalsi
- Asklepion Pharmaceuticals, United States
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Chauhan M, Singh PI, Kalsi G, Salariya AS, Harish D. Gaslighting in alleged assault ascertained as Munchausen syndrome transcending to malingering in highly counterintuitive self inflicted acid burns. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2021; 54:101968. [PMID: 34654642 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2021.101968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A factitious disorder leading to the self-infliction of highly counter-intuitive burns was diagnosed in a middle-aged female. The injuries were otherwise alleged to have been sustained by assault inflicted upon her by an unknown person. The case was diagnosed by medico-legal interpretation of injuries, in spite of a highly deceptive and concocted history by the patient and her husband. The entity was unique in being associated with magnificent primary, secondary and tertiary gains. The exploitation of the morbid sequel to malinger by the patient, and the involvement of the husband for the prolongation of the illness of his wife for financial gains as gaslighting was highly unusual. The self-infliction of injuries over hands is seen in factitious disorder. However, a combination of a guarded self-immersion of the hands and feet in a corrosive by an illiterate female, followed by malingering to earn livelihood is unprecedented in factitious disorders. The delayed presentation which required amputation of all the limbs to save the life of the patient is a glaring highlight of this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chauhan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India.
| | - P I Singh
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - G Kalsi
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - A S Salariya
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - D Harish
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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Smith TO, Mansfield M, Hawker GA, Hunter DJ, March LM, Boers M, Shea BJ, Christensen R, Guillemin F, Terwee CB, Williamson PR, Roos EM, Loeser RF, Schnitzer TJ, Kloppenburg M, Neogi T, Ladel CH, Kalsi G, Kaiser U, Buttel TW, Ashford AE, Mobasheri A, Arden NK, Tennant A, Hochberg MC, de Wit M, Tugwell P, Conaghan PG. Uptake of the OMERACT-OARSI Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis Core Outcome Set: Review of Randomized Controlled Trials from 1997 to 2017. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:976-980. [PMID: 30824657 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.181066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the uptake of the OMERACT-OARSI (Outcome Measures in Rheumatology- Osteoarthritis Research Society International) core outcome set (COS) domains in hip and/or knee osteoarthritis (OA) trials. METHODS There were 382 trials of hip and/or knee OA identified from the ClinicalTrial.gov registry from 1997 to 2017. Frequency of COS adoption was assessed by year and per 5-yearly phases. RESULTS COS adoption decreased from 61% between 1997 and 2001 to 38% between 2012 and 2016. Pain (95%) and physical function (86%) were most consistently adopted. Patient's global assessment (48%) was the principal missing domain. CONCLUSION Limited adoption of the COS domains indicates that further consideration to improve uptake is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toby O Smith
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Michael Mansfield
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Gillian A Hawker
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - David J Hunter
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Lyn M March
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Maarten Boers
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Beverley J Shea
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Robin Christensen
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Francis Guillemin
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Caroline B Terwee
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Paula R Williamson
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Ewa M Roos
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Richard F Loeser
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Thomas J Schnitzer
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Margreet Kloppenburg
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Tuhina Neogi
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Christoph H Ladel
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Gurdyal Kalsi
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Ulrike Kaiser
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Thomas W Buttel
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Anne E Ashford
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Nigel K Arden
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Alan Tennant
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Marc C Hochberg
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Maarten de Wit
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Peter Tugwell
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Inner West Psychology; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford BRC, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; M. Mansfield, MSc, Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy, School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope and Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Epidemiology, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritus Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds BRC.
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Smith TO, Hawker GA, Hunter DJ, March LM, Boers M, Shea BJ, Christensen R, Guillemin F, Terwee CB, Williamson PR, Dodd S, Roos EM, Loeser RF, Schnitzer TJ, Kloppenburg M, Neogi T, Ladel CH, Kalsi G, Kaiser U, Buttel TW, Ashford AE, Mobasheri A, Arden NK, Tennant A, Hochberg MC, de Wit M, Tugwell P, Conaghan PG. The OMERACT-OARSI Core Domain Set for Measurement in Clinical Trials of Hip and/or Knee Osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:981-989. [PMID: 30647185 PMCID: PMC10753652 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.181194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To update the 1997 OMERACT-OARSI (Outcome Measures in Rheumatology-Osteoarthritis Research Society International) core domain set for clinical trials in hip and/or knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS An initial review of the COMET database of core outcome sets (COS) was undertaken to identify all domains reported in previous COS including individuals with hip and/or knee OA. These were presented during 5 patient and health professionals/researcher meetings in 3 continents (Europe, Australasia, North America). A 3-round international Delphi survey was then undertaken among patients, healthcare professionals, researchers, and industry representatives to gain consensus on key domains to be included in a core domain set for hip and/or knee OA. Findings were presented and discussed in small groups at OMERACT 2018, where consensus was obtained in the final plenary. RESULTS Four previous COS were identified. Using these, and the patient and health professionals/researcher meetings, 50 potential domains formed the Delphi survey. There were 426 individuals from 25 different countries who contributed to the Delphi exercise. OMERACT 2018 delegates (n = 129) voted on candidate domains. Six domains gained agreement as mandatory to be measured and reported in all hip and/or knee OA clinical trials: pain, physical function, quality of life, and patient's global assessment of the target joint, in addition to the mandated core domain of adverse events including mortality. Joint structure was agreed as mandatory in specific circumstances, i.e., depending on the intervention. CONCLUSION The updated core domain set for hip and/or knee OA has been agreed upon. Work will commence to determine which outcome measurement instrument should be recommended to cover each core domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toby O Smith
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Gillian A Hawker
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - David J Hunter
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Lyn M March
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Maarten Boers
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Beverley J Shea
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Robin Christensen
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Francis Guillemin
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Caroline B Terwee
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Paula R Williamson
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Susanna Dodd
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Ewa M Roos
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Richard F Loeser
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Thomas J Schnitzer
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Margreet Kloppenburg
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Tuhina Neogi
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Christoph H Ladel
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Gurdyal Kalsi
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Ulrike Kaiser
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Thomas W Buttel
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Anne E Ashford
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Nigel K Arden
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Alan Tennant
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Marc C Hochberg
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Maarten de Wit
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Peter Tugwell
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- From the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; Inner West Psychology; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam; Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Université de Lorraine, Approches Épidémiologiques et Psychologiques (APEMAC), Nancy, France; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; TissueGene Inc., Rockville; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt; University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.
- T.O. Smith, PhD, Senior Researcher in Rehabilitation, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital; G.A. Hawker, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; D.J. Hunter, PhD, Florance and Cope Chair of Rheumatology, Chair of Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Professor of Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; L.M. March, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculosketal Epidemiology Medicine, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; M. Boers, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers; B.J. Shea, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; R. Christensen, PhD, Professor of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, and Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital; F. Guillemin, PhD, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, Université de Lorraine, APEMAC; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Associate Professor in Clinimetrics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc; P.R. Williamson, PhD, Professor of Medical Statistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; S. Dodd, PhD, Lecturer in Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; E.M. Roos, PhD, Professor, Head of Research Unit, Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark; R.F. Loeser, MD, Herman and Louise Smith Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina; T.J. Schnitzer, PhD, Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Medicine (Rheumatology), Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; M. Kloppenburg, PhD, Professor in Rheumatology, Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre; T. Neogi, PhD, Professor, Sections of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine; C.H. Ladel, PhD, Clinical Biomarker and Diagnostics Lead, Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA; G. Kalsi, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President of Clinical Development and Regulatory and Medical Affairs, TissueGene Inc.; U. Kaiser, PhD, Principal Investigator, University Pain Centre, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; T.W. Buttel, MA, Psychologist, Inner West Psychology, Sydney, Australia, and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Florance and Cope Professorial Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital; A.E. Ashford, PhD, Emeritius Professor, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales; A. Mobasheri, DPhil, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine; N.K. Arden, MD, Professor in Rheumatic Diseases, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; A. Tennant, PhD, Permanent Visiting Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Lucerne; M.C. Hochberg, MD, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; M. de Wit, PhD, Visiting Fellow, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; P. Tugwell, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; P.G. Conaghan, PhD, Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre.
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Huckins LM, Hatzikotoulas K, Southam L, Thornton LM, Steinberg J, Aguilera-McKay F, Treasure J, Schmidt U, Gunasinghe C, Romero A, Curtis C, Rhodes D, Moens J, Kalsi G, Dempster D, Leung R, Keohane A, Burghardt R, Ehrlich S, Hebebrand J, Hinney A, Ludolph A, Walton E, Deloukas P, Hofman A, Palotie A, Palta P, van Rooij FJA, Stirrups K, Adan R, Boni C, Cone R, Dedoussis G, van Furth E, Gonidakis F, Gorwood P, Hudson J, Kaprio J, Kas M, Keski-Rahonen A, Kiezebrink K, Knudsen GP, Slof-Op 't Landt MCT, Maj M, Monteleone AM, Monteleone P, Raevuori AH, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Tozzi F, Tsitsika A, van Elburg A, Collier DA, Sullivan PF, Breen G, Bulik CM, Zeggini E. Investigation of common, low-frequency and rare genome-wide variation in anorexia nervosa. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1169-1180. [PMID: 29155802 PMCID: PMC5828108 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder presenting with dangerously low body weight, and a deep and persistent fear of gaining weight. To date, only one genome-wide significant locus associated with AN has been identified. We performed an exome-chip based genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in 2158 cases from nine populations of European origin and 15 485 ancestrally matched controls. Unlike previous studies, this GWAS also probed association in low-frequency and rare variants. Sixteen independent variants were taken forward for in silico and de novo replication (11 common and 5 rare). No findings reached genome-wide significance. Two notable common variants were identified: rs10791286, an intronic variant in OPCML (P=9.89 × 10-6), and rs7700147, an intergenic variant (P=2.93 × 10-5). No low-frequency variant associations were identified at genome-wide significance, although the study was well-powered to detect low-frequency variants with large effect sizes, suggesting that there may be no AN loci in this genomic search space with large effect sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Huckins
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - K Hatzikotoulas
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - L Southam
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - L M Thornton
- Department of Psychiatry and Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J Steinberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - F Aguilera-McKay
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Treasure
- Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - U Schmidt
- Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C Gunasinghe
- Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR BRC SLaM BioResource for Mental Health, SGDP Centre & Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Romero
- Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR BRC SLaM BioResource for Mental Health, SGDP Centre & Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C Curtis
- Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR BRC SLaM BioResource for Mental Health, SGDP Centre & Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D Rhodes
- Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR BRC SLaM BioResource for Mental Health, SGDP Centre & Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Moens
- Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR BRC SLaM BioResource for Mental Health, SGDP Centre & Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G Kalsi
- Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR BRC SLaM BioResource for Mental Health, SGDP Centre & Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D Dempster
- Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR BRC SLaM BioResource for Mental Health, SGDP Centre & Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R Leung
- Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR BRC SLaM BioResource for Mental Health, SGDP Centre & Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Keohane
- Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR BRC SLaM BioResource for Mental Health, SGDP Centre & Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R Burghardt
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik Klinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - J Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - A Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - A Ludolph
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - E Walton
- Division of Psychological & Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital C.G. Carus, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - P Deloukas
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Hofman
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Palotie
- Center for Human Genome Research at the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health & Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Palta
- Department of Public Health & Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - F J A van Rooij
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Stirrups
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - R Adan
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C Boni
- INSERM U984, Centre of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Paris, France
| | - R Cone
- Mary Sue Coleman Director, Life Sciences Institute, Professor of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - G Dedoussis
- Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - E van Furth
- Rivierduinen Eating Disorders Ursula, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - F Gonidakis
- Eating Disorders Unit, 1st Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - P Gorwood
- INSERM U984, Centre of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Paris, France
| | - J Hudson
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - J Kaprio
- Department of Public Health & Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Kas
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Keski-Rahonen
- Department of Public Health, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Kiezebrink
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - G-P Knudsen
- Health Data and Digitalisation, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - M Maj
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - A M Monteleone
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - P Monteleone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Neurosciences, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - A H Raevuori
- Department of Public Health, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Reichborn-Kjennerud
- Department of Genetics, Environment and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - F Tozzi
- eHealth Lab-Computer Science Department, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - A Tsitsika
- Adolescent Health Unit (A.H.U.), 2nd Department of Pediatrics – Medical School, University of Athens "P. & A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - A van Elburg
- Center for Eating Disorders Rintveld, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D A Collier
- Eli Lilly and Company, Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, UK
| | - P F Sullivan
- Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinksa Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Breen
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C M Bulik
- Department of Psychiatry and Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinksa Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Zeggini
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
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7
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Guermazi A, Kalsi G, Niu J, Crema MD, Copeland RO, Orlando A, Noh MJ, Roemer FW. Structural effects of intra-articular TGF-β1 in moderate to advanced knee osteoarthritis: MRI-based assessment in a randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017; 18:461. [PMID: 29145839 PMCID: PMC5689208 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-017-1830-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine effects of allogeneic human chondrocytes expressing TGF-β1 (TG-C) on structural progression of MRI features of knee osteoarthritis over a 1 year period. METHODS This phase II randomized controlled trial of TG-C included patients with moderate to advanced osteoarthritis. Patients were randomized to receive an intraarticular 3:1 mixture of non-transduced allogeneic human chondrocytes and TG-C or placebo. 3 T MRI was acquired for all patients at baseline and follow-up (3, 6 and 12 months). MRIs were assessed using the WORMS system including cartilage damage, bone marrow lesions (BMLs), meniscal damage/extrusion, Hoffa-, effusion-synovitis, and osteophytes. Analyses were performed on a whole knee level, compartmental level, and subregional level. Binary logistic regression with Generalized Estimating Equation was used to compare risks of progression, adjusting for baseline age and gender. Mann - Whitney - Wilcoxon tests were used to assess differences for continuous variables. RESULTS Fifty-seven Patients were included in the TG-C group and 29 in the placebo group. At 12 months, knees in the TG-C group showed less progression of cartilage damage compared to placebo on a whole knee level (34.6% vs. 47.9%; adjusted RR 0.7, 95%CI [0.5-1.1], p = 0.077). Less progression of Hoffa-synovitis and effusion-synovitis was observed in the TG-C group compared to placebo (9.6% vs. 21.1%, adjusted RR 0.5, 95%CI [0.2,1.2], p = 0.115). No statistically significant differences were seen for BMLs, meniscal damage and osteophytes. CONCLUSIONS Intraarticular treatment with TG-C showed fewer patients in the treated group with progression in structural OA features and other MRI-defined inflammatory markers such as Hoffa-synovitis and effusion-synovitis. However, no differences were observed in regard to progression of BMLs and meniscal damage, or hypertrophic osteophyte formation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01221441 .Registered 13th October, 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guermazi
- Department of Radiology, Quantitative Imaging Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Avenue, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - G Kalsi
- TissueGene, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - J Niu
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M D Crema
- Department of Radiology, Quantitative Imaging Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Avenue, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - M J Noh
- TissueGene, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - F W Roemer
- Department of Radiology, Quantitative Imaging Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Avenue, FGH Building, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Hopkins RJ, Kalsi G, Montalvo-Lugo VM, Sharma M, Wu Y, Muse DD, Sheldon EA, Hampel FC, Lemiale L. Randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of three vaccination schedules and two dose levels of AV7909 vaccine for anthrax post-exposure prophylaxis in healthy adults. Vaccine 2016; 34:2096-105. [PMID: 26979136 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AV7909 vaccine being developed for post-exposure prophylaxis of anthrax disease may require fewer vaccinations and reduced amount of antigen to achieve an accelerated immune response over BioThrax(®) (Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed). A phase 2, randomized, double-blind, BioThrax vacccine-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of three intramuscular vaccination schedules and two dose levels of AV7909 in 168 healthy adults. Subjects were randomized at a 4:3:2:4:2 ratio to 5 groups: (1) AV7909 on Days 0/14; (2) AV7909 on Days 0/28; (3) AV7909 on Days 0/14/28; (4) half dose AV7909 on Days 0/14/28; and (5) BioThrax vaccine on Days 0/14/28. Vaccinations in all groups were well tolerated. The incidences of adverse events (AEs) were 79% for AV7909 subjects and 65% for BioThrax subjects; 92% of AV7909 subjects and 87% of BioThrax subjects having AEs reported Grade 1-2 AEs. No serious AEs were assessed as potentially vaccine-related, and no AEs of potential autoimmune etiology were reported. There was no discernible pattern indicative of a safety concern across groups in the incidence or severity of reactogenicity events. Groups 2-4 achieved success for the primary endpoint, demonstrated by a lower 95% confidence limit of the percentage of subjects with protective toxin neutralizing antibody NF50 values (≥0.56) to be ≥40% at Day 63. Group 1 marginally missed the criterion (lower bound 95% confidence limit of 39.5%). Immune responses were above this threshold for Groups 1, 3 and 4 at Day 28 and all groups at Day 42. Further study of an AV7909 two-dose schedule given 2 weeks apart is warranted in light of the favorable tolerability profile and immunogenicity response relative to three doses of BioThrax vaccine, as well as preliminary data from nonclinical studies indicating similar immune responses correlate with higher survival for AV7909 than BioThrax vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Hopkins
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc., 400 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA.
| | - Gurdyal Kalsi
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc., 400 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA
| | | | - Mona Sharma
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc., 400 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA
| | - Yukun Wu
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc., 400 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA
| | - Derek D Muse
- Jean Brown Research, 1045 East 3900 South, Suite 100, Salt Lake City, UT 84124, USA
| | - Eric A Sheldon
- Miami Research Associates, 6141 Sunset Drive, Suite 301, South, Miami, FL 33143, USA
| | - Frank C Hampel
- Central Texas Health Research, 705-A Landa, New Braunfels, TX 78130, USA
| | - Laurence Lemiale
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc., 400 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA
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9
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Boraska V, Franklin CS, Floyd JAB, Thornton LM, Huckins LM, Southam L, Rayner NW, Tachmazidou I, Klump KL, Treasure J, Lewis CM, Schmidt U, Tozzi F, Kiezebrink K, Hebebrand J, Gorwood P, Adan RAH, Kas MJH, Favaro A, Santonastaso P, Fernández-Aranda F, Gratacos M, Rybakowski F, Dmitrzak-Weglarz M, Kaprio J, Keski-Rahkonen A, Raevuori A, Van Furth EF, Slof-Op 't Landt MCT, Hudson JI, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Knudsen GPS, Monteleone P, Kaplan AS, Karwautz A, Hakonarson H, Berrettini WH, Guo Y, Li D, Schork NJ, Komaki G, Ando T, Inoko H, Esko T, Fischer K, Männik K, Metspalu A, Baker JH, Cone RD, Dackor J, DeSocio JE, Hilliard CE, O'Toole JK, Pantel J, Szatkiewicz JP, Taico C, Zerwas S, Trace SE, Davis OSP, Helder S, Bühren K, Burghardt R, de Zwaan M, Egberts K, Ehrlich S, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Herzog W, Imgart H, Scherag A, Scherag S, Zipfel S, Boni C, Ramoz N, Versini A, Brandys MK, Danner UN, de Kovel C, Hendriks J, Koeleman BPC, Ophoff RA, Strengman E, van Elburg AA, Bruson A, Clementi M, Degortes D, Forzan M, Tenconi E, Docampo E, Escaramís G, Jiménez-Murcia S, Lissowska J, Rajewski A, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Slopien A, Hauser J, Karhunen L, Meulenbelt I, Slagboom PE, Tortorella A, Maj M, Dedoussis G, Dikeos D, Gonidakis F, Tziouvas K, Tsitsika A, Papezova H, Slachtova L, Martaskova D, Kennedy JL, Levitan RD, Yilmaz Z, Huemer J, Koubek D, Merl E, Wagner G, Lichtenstein P, Breen G, Cohen-Woods S, Farmer A, McGuffin P, Cichon S, Giegling I, Herms S, Rujescu D, Schreiber S, Wichmann HE, Dina C, Sladek R, Gambaro G, Soranzo N, Julia A, Marsal S, Rabionet R, Gaborieau V, Dick DM, Palotie A, Ripatti S, Widén E, Andreassen OA, Espeseth T, Lundervold A, Reinvang I, Steen VM, Le Hellard S, Mattingsdal M, Ntalla I, Bencko V, Foretova L, Janout V, Navratilova M, Gallinger S, Pinto D, Scherer SW, Aschauer H, Carlberg L, Schosser A, Alfredsson L, Ding B, Klareskog L, Padyukov L, Courtet P, Guillaume S, Jaussent I, Finan C, Kalsi G, Roberts M, Logan DW, Peltonen L, Ritchie GRS, Barrett JC, Estivill X, Hinney A, Sullivan PF, Collier DA, Zeggini E, Bulik CM. A genome-wide association study of anorexia nervosa. Mol Psychiatry 2014; 19:1085-94. [PMID: 24514567 PMCID: PMC4325090 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2013.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex and heritable eating disorder characterized by dangerously low body weight. Neither candidate gene studies nor an initial genome-wide association study (GWAS) have yielded significant and replicated results. We performed a GWAS in 2907 cases with AN from 14 countries (15 sites) and 14 860 ancestrally matched controls as part of the Genetic Consortium for AN (GCAN) and the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 3 (WTCCC3). Individual association analyses were conducted in each stratum and meta-analyzed across all 15 discovery data sets. Seventy-six (72 independent) single nucleotide polymorphisms were taken forward for in silico (two data sets) or de novo (13 data sets) replication genotyping in 2677 independent AN cases and 8629 European ancestry controls along with 458 AN cases and 421 controls from Japan. The final global meta-analysis across discovery and replication data sets comprised 5551 AN cases and 21 080 controls. AN subtype analyses (1606 AN restricting; 1445 AN binge-purge) were performed. No findings reached genome-wide significance. Two intronic variants were suggestively associated: rs9839776 (P=3.01 × 10(-7)) in SOX2OT and rs17030795 (P=5.84 × 10(-6)) in PPP3CA. Two additional signals were specific to Europeans: rs1523921 (P=5.76 × 10(-)(6)) between CUL3 and FAM124B and rs1886797 (P=8.05 × 10(-)(6)) near SPATA13. Comparing discovery with replication results, 76% of the effects were in the same direction, an observation highly unlikely to be due to chance (P=4 × 10(-6)), strongly suggesting that true findings exist but our sample, the largest yet reported, was underpowered for their detection. The accrual of large genotyped AN case-control samples should be an immediate priority for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Boraska
- 1] Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK [2] University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - C S Franklin
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - J A B Floyd
- 1] Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK [2] William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - L M Thornton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - L M Huckins
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - L Southam
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - N W Rayner
- 1] Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK [2] Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics (WTCHG), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK [3] Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Oxford, UK
| | - I Tachmazidou
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - K L Klump
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - J Treasure
- Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C M Lewis
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - U Schmidt
- Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - F Tozzi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K Kiezebrink
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - J Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - P Gorwood
- 1] INSERM U894, Centre of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Paris, France [2] Sainte-Anne Hospital (CMME), University of Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - R A H Adan
- 1] Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands [2] Altrecht Eating Disorders Rintveld, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - M J H Kas
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Favaro
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - P Santonastaso
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - F Fernández-Aranda
- 1] Department of Psychiatry and CIBERON, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain [2] Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Gratacos
- 1] Genomics and Disease Group, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain [2] Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain [3] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain [4] Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Rybakowski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Dmitrzak-Weglarz
- Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - J Kaprio
- 1] Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland [2] Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland [3] Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - A Raevuori
- 1] Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland [2] Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E F Van Furth
- 1] Center for Eating Disorders Ursula, Leidschendam, The Netherlands [2] Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M C T Slof-Op 't Landt
- 1] Center for Eating Disorders Ursula, Leidschendam, The Netherlands [2] Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J I Hudson
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - T Reichborn-Kjennerud
- 1] Department of Genetics, Environment and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway [2] Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - G P S Knudsen
- Department of Genetics, Environment and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - P Monteleone
- 1] Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy [2] Chair of Psychiatry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - A S Kaplan
- 1] Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada [2] Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Karwautz
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Hakonarson
- 1] The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA [2] The Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - W H Berrettini
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Y Guo
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D Li
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - N J Schork
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine and The Scripps Translational Science Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - G Komaki
- 1] Department of Psychosomatic Research, National Institute of Mental Health, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan [2] School of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Ando
- Department of Psychosomatic Research, National Institute of Mental Health, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Inoko
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - K Fischer
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - K Männik
- 1] Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia [2] Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Metspalu
- 1] Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia [2] Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - J H Baker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - R D Cone
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - J Dackor
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J E DeSocio
- Seattle University College of Nursing, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C E Hilliard
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - J Pantel
- Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences - Inserm U894, Paris, France
| | - J P Szatkiewicz
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - C Taico
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - S Zerwas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - S E Trace
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - O S P Davis
- 1] Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK [2] Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, UCL Genetics Institute, London, UK
| | - S Helder
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K Bühren
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Clinics RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - R Burghardt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - M de Zwaan
- 1] Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany [2] Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - K Egberts
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Ehrlich
- 1] Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany [2] Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Psychiatric Neuroimaging Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - B Herpertz-Dahlmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Clinics RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - W Herzog
- Departments of Psychosocial and Internal Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Imgart
- Parklandklinik, Bad Wildungen, Germany
| | - A Scherag
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Universitätsklinikum Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - S Scherag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - S Zipfel
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - C Boni
- INSERM U894, Centre of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Paris, France
| | - N Ramoz
- INSERM U894, Centre of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Paris, France
| | - A Versini
- INSERM U894, Centre of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Paris, France
| | - M K Brandys
- 1] Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands [2] Altrecht Eating Disorders Rintveld, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - U N Danner
- Altrecht Eating Disorders Rintveld, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - C de Kovel
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Hendriks
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - B P C Koeleman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R A Ophoff
- 1] Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA [2] Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E Strengman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A A van Elburg
- 1] Altrecht Eating Disorders Rintveld, Zeist, The Netherlands [2] Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Bruson
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - M Clementi
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - D Degortes
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - M Forzan
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - E Tenconi
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - E Docampo
- 1] Genomics and Disease Group, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain [2] Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain [3] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain [4] Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Escaramís
- 1] Genomics and Disease Group, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain [2] Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain [3] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain [4] Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Jiménez-Murcia
- 1] Department of Psychiatry and CIBERON, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain [2] Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Lissowska
- M. Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Rajewski
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Lodz, Poland
| | - N Szeszenia-Dabrowska
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Lodz, Poland
| | - A Slopien
- Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - J Hauser
- Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - L Karhunen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - I Meulenbelt
- Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P E Slagboom
- 1] Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands [2] Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A Tortorella
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - M Maj
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - G Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - D Dikeos
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - F Gonidakis
- Eating Disorders Unit, 1st Department of Psychiatry, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - K Tziouvas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - A Tsitsika
- Adolescent Health Unit (A.H.U.), 2nd Department of Pediatrics - Medical School, University of Athens 'P. & A. Kyriakou' Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - H Papezova
- Department of Psychiatry, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L Slachtova
- Department of Pediatrics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D Martaskova
- Department of Psychiatry, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J L Kennedy
- 1] Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada [2] Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R D Levitan
- 1] Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada [2] Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Z Yilmaz
- 1] Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA [2] Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Huemer
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Koubek
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - E Merl
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Wagner
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S Cohen-Woods
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Farmer
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P McGuffin
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S Cichon
- 1] Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany [2] Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany [3] Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - I Giegling
- Klinikum der Medizinischen Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - S Herms
- 1] Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany [2] Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - D Rujescu
- Klinikum der Medizinischen Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - S Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - H-E Wichmann
- 1] Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany [2] Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - C Dina
- CNRS 8090-Institute of Biology, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
| | - R Sladek
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - G Gambaro
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Columbus-Gemelly Hospitals, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - N Soranzo
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Julia
- Unitat de Recerca de Reumatologia (URR), Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Marsal
- Unitat de Recerca de Reumatologia (URR), Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Rabionet
- 1] Genomics and Disease Group, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain [2] Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain [3] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain [4] Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Gaborieau
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - D M Dick
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - A Palotie
- 1] Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK [2] The Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland [3] The Program for Human and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - S Ripatti
- 1] The Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland [2] Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Widén
- 1] The Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland [2] Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - O A Andreassen
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - T Espeseth
- 1] NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway [2] Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Lundervold
- 1] Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway [2] Kavli Research Centre for Aging and Dementia, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway [3] K.G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - I Reinvang
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - V M Steen
- 1] Department of Clinical Science, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Norwegian Centre For Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway [2] Dr Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - S Le Hellard
- 1] Department of Clinical Science, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Norwegian Centre For Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway [2] Dr Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - M Mattingsdal
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - I Ntalla
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - V Bencko
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - V Janout
- Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - M Navratilova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - S Gallinger
- 1] University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada [2] Mount Sinai Hospital, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - D Pinto
- Departments of Psychiatry, and Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Seaver Autism Center, and the Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - S W Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - H Aschauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Carlberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Schosser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Alfredsson
- The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Ding
- The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Klareskog
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine at the Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - L Padyukov
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine at the Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - P Courtet
- 1] Inserm, U1061, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France [2] Department of Emergency Psychiatry, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - S Guillaume
- 1] Inserm, U1061, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France [2] Department of Emergency Psychiatry, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - I Jaussent
- 1] Inserm, U1061, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France [2] Department of Emergency Psychiatry, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - C Finan
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - G Kalsi
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Roberts
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D W Logan
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - L Peltonen
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - G R S Ritchie
- 1] Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK [2] European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge
| | - J C Barrett
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - X Estivill
- 1] Genomics and Disease Group, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain [2] Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain [3] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain [4] Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - P F Sullivan
- 1] Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA [2] Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - D A Collier
- 1] Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK [2] Eli Lilly and Company, Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, UK
| | - E Zeggini
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - C M Bulik
- 1] Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA [2] Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Datta SR, McQuillin A, Rizig M, Blaveri E, Thirumalai S, Kalsi G, Lawrence J, Bass NJ, Puri V, Choudhury K, Pimm J, Crombie C, Fraser G, Walker N, Curtis D, Zvelebil M, Pereira A, Kandaswamy R, St Clair D, Gurling HMD. A threonine to isoleucine missense mutation in the pericentriolar material 1 gene is strongly associated with schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2010; 15:615-28. [PMID: 19048012 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2008.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Markers at the pericentriolar material 1 gene (PCM1) have shown genetic association with schizophrenia in both a University College London (UCL) and a USA-based case-control sample. In this paper we report a statistically significant replication of the PCM1 association in a large Scottish case-control sample from Aberdeen. Resequencing of the genomic DNA from research volunteers who had inherited haplotypes associated with schizophrenia showed a threonine to isoleucine missense mutation in exon 24 which was likely to change the structure and function of PCM1 (rs370429). This mutation was found only as a heterozygote in 98 schizophrenic research subjects and controls out of 2246 case and control research subjects. Among the 98 carriers of rs370429, 67 were affected with schizophrenia. The same alleles and haplotypes were associated with schizophrenia in both the London and Aberdeen samples. Another potential aetiological base pair change in PCM1 was rs445422, which altered a splice site signal. A further mutation, rs208747, was shown by electrophoretic mobility shift assays to create or destroy a promoter transcription factor site. Five further non-synonymous changes in exons were also found. Genotyping of the new variants discovered in the UCL case-control sample strengthened the evidence for allelic and haplotypic association (P=0.02-0.0002). Given the number and identity of the haplotypes associated with schizophrenia, further aetiological base pair changes must exist within and around the PCM1 gene. PCM1 protein has been shown to interact directly with the disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) protein, Bardet-Biedl syndrome 4, and Huntingtin-associated protein 1, and is important in neuronal cell growth. In a separate study we found that clozapine but not haloperidol downregulated PCM1 expression in the mouse brain. We hypothesize that mutant PCM1 may be responsible for causing a subtype of schizophrenia through abnormal cell division and abnormal regeneration in dividing cells in the central nervous system. This is supported by our previous finding of orbitofrontal volumetric deficits in PCM1-associated schizophrenia patients as opposed to temporal pole deficits in non-PCM1-associated schizophrenia patients. Caution needs to be exercised in interpreting the actual biological effects of the mutations we have found without further cell biology. However, the DNA changes we have found deserve widespread genotyping in multiple case-control populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Datta
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Research Department of Mental Health Sciences, University College London Medical School, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
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Riley BP, Kalsi G, Kuo PH, Vladimirov V, Thiselton DL, Vittum J, Wormley B, Grotewiel MS, Patterson DG, Sullivan PF, van den Oord E, Walsh D, Kendler KS, Prescott CA. Alcohol dependence is associated with the ZNF699 gene, a human locus related to Drosophila hangover, in the Irish Affected Sib Pair Study of Alcohol Dependence (IASPSAD) sample. Mol Psychiatry 2006; 11:1025-31. [PMID: 16940975 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Because tolerance is an important aspect of alcohol dependence (AD) in humans, recent evidence showing that the Drosophila gene hang is critically involved in the development of alcohol tolerance in the fly suggests that variation in related human loci might be important in the etiology of alcohol-related disorders. The orthology of hang in mammals is complex, but a number of human gene products (including ZNF699) with similar levels of amino-acid identity (18-26%) and similarity (30-41%), are consistently identified as the best matches with the translated hang sequence. We tested for association between the dichotomous clinical phenotype of alcohol dependence and seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ZNF699 in our sample of 565 genetically independent cases and 496 siblings diagnosed with AD, and 609 controls. In analyses of genetically independent cases and controls, four of the seven single markers show strong evidence for association with AD (0.00003<Fisher's exact P<0.001), and the most significant single marker, rs7254880, tags an associated haplotype with frequency 0.071 in cases compared to 0.034 in controls (chi2 15.563, P<0.00008, 5000 permutation P<0.001, OR 2.17); inclusion of affected siblings gives similar results. Expression analyses conducted in independent postmortem brain samples show that expression of ZNF699 mRNA is significantly reduced in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of individuals carrying this haplotype compared with other observed haplotype combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Riley
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0424, USA.
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McQuillin A, Bass NJ, Kalsi G, Lawrence J, Puri V, Choudhury K, Detera-Wadleigh SD, Curtis D, Gurling HMD. Fine mapping of a susceptibility locus for bipolar and genetically related unipolar affective disorders, to a region containing the C21ORF29 and TRPM2 genes on chromosome 21q22.3. Mol Psychiatry 2006; 11:134-42. [PMID: 16205735 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Linkage analyses of bipolar families have confirmed that there is a susceptibility locus near the telomere on chromosome 21q. To fine map this locus we carried out tests of allelic association using 30 genetic markers near the telomere at 21q22.3 in 600 bipolar research subjects and 450 ancestrally matched supernormal control subjects. We found significant allelic association with the microsatellite markers D21S171 (P=0.016) and two closely linked single-nucleotide polymorphisms, rs1556314 (P=0.008) and rs1785467 (P=0.025). A test of association with a three locus haplotype across the susceptibility region was significant with a permutation test of P=0.011. A two SNP haplotype was also significantly associated with bipolar disorder (P=0.01). Only two brain expressed genes, TRPM2 and C21ORF29 (TSPEAR), are present in the associated region. TRPM2 encodes a calcium channel receptor and TSPEAR encodes a peptide with repeats associated with epilepsy in the mouse. DNA from subjects who had inherited the associated marker alleles was sequenced. A base pair change (rs1556314) in exon 11 of TRPM2, which caused a change from an aspartic acid to a glutamic acid at peptide position 543 was found. This SNP showed the strongest association with bipolar disorder (P=0.008). Deletion of exon 11 of TRPM2 is known to cause dysregulation of cellular calcium homeostasis in response to oxidative stress. A second nonconservative change from arginine to cysteine at position 755 in TRPM2 (ss48297761) was also detected. A third nonconservative change from histidine to glutamic acid was found in exon 8 of TSPEAR. These changes need further investigation to establish any aetiological role in bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- A McQuillin
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Department of Mental Health Sciences, Royal Free and University College London Medical School, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, and Royal London Hospital, London, UK
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Curtis D, Brett P, Dearlove AM, McQuillin A, Kalsi G, Robertson MM, Gurling HMD. Genome scan of Tourette syndrome in a single large pedigree shows some support for linkage to regions of chromosomes 5, 10 and 13. Psychiatr Genet 2004; 14:83-7. [PMID: 15167693 DOI: 10.1097/01.ypg.0000107927.32051.f5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To localize genes influencing the susceptibility to Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) and associated chronic multiple tics (CMT). METHOD A single, large, multiple affected pedigree containing 35 subjects diagnosed with GTS and a further 14 with CMT was genotyped for markers spanning the autosomes. Linkage analysis was carried out using classical lod score analysis and model-free lod score analysis. All markers were subjected to two-point analysis, and markers producing a two-point result significant at P<0.005 were subjected to three-point analysis using adjacent markers. RESULTS The following markers produced at least one result significant at 0.005 using two-point analysis: D5S1981, D5S2050, D10S591, D10S189, D13S217, and D14S288. Three-point analysis with D5S2050 and D5S400 produced a lod of 2.9 with CMT. Three-point analysis of D10S591 and D10S189 produced lods of 1.9 with GTS and CMT. Three-point analysis of D13S217 and D13S171 produced a lod of 2.7 with GTS. No single haplotype appeared to account for the majority of cases within the pedigree. CONCLUSIONS It seems likely that more than one susceptibility allele is present in the pedigree. Although none of the three positive regions is conclusively implicated, it seems probable that at least one contains a susceptibility locus. We recommend that association-based studies be carried out in these three regions to produce further evidence for a localization and to carry out fine-mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Curtis
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Bartholomew's and Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, UK.
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14
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Buttenschön HN, Mors O, Ewald H, McQuillin A, Kalsi G, Lawrence J, Gurling H, Kruse TA. No association between a neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) gene polymorphism on chromosome 12q24 and bipolar disorder. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2004; 124B:73-5. [PMID: 14681919 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.20040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Carbonell J, Allen R, Kalsi G, McQuillin A, Livingston G, Katona C, Walker Z, Katz A, Rands G, Stevens T, Crossan I, Curtis D, Gurling H. Variation in the DCP1 gene, encoding the angiotensin converting enzyme ACE, is not associated with increased susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease. Psychiatr Genet 2003; 13:47-50. [PMID: 12605101 DOI: 10.1097/00041444-200303000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To attempt to replicate previous reports that polymorphic variation in the DCP1 gene causes increased susceptibility to the development of Alzheimer's disease, either on its own or in interaction with the effects of the gene for apolipoprotein E (APOE). METHOD Subjects older than 65 years of age consisting of 81 dementia patients diagnosed as having possible or probable Alzheimer's disease and 68 controls were obtained from Camden, Islington and Harlow psychiatric services. Subjects were genotyped for APOE alleles e2, e3 and e4, and the common insertion/deletion polymorphisms for DCP1* I/D were genotyped. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of the DCP1* insertion/deletion alleles between the cases and controls (X2 =0.04, 1 degree of freedom, not significant). When subjects were subdivided according to whether they possessed at least one copy of the APOE e4 allele, there were still no differences in DCP1 allele frequencies between cases and controls. CONCLUSIONS Further research is needed to elucidate any role that the DCP1 polymorphism may play in relation to Alzheimer's disease. Previous studies may be false positive, or inconsistency in replication may be due to heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Carbonell
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London, London, UK
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16
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Blaveri E, Kalsi G, Lawrence J, Quested D, Moorey H, Lamb G, Kohen D, Shiwach R, Chowdhury U, Curtis D, McQuillin A, Gramoustianou ES, Gurling HM. Genetic association studies of schizophrenia using the 8p21-22 genes: prepronociceptin (PNOC), neuronal nicotinic cholinergic receptor alpha polypeptide 2 (CHRNA2) and arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1). Eur J Hum Genet 2001; 9:469-72. [PMID: 11436130 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2000] [Revised: 02/19/2001] [Accepted: 02/23/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a common, genetically heterogeneous disorder with a lifetime prevalence of approximately 1% in the general population. Linkage studies of affected families have now strongly implicated a susceptibility locus on chromosome 8p21-22. Tests of allelic association with markers on 8p21-22 should be able to localise any quantitative trait nucleotides (QTN's) or susceptibility mutations to within a few hundred kilobases. Three brain expressed candidate susceptibility genes, prepronociceptin (PNOC), neuronal cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha polypeptide 2 (CHRNA2) and arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) have been mapped to chromosome 8p21-22. A case-control, allelic association study was performed using a novel highly polymorphic dinucleotide repeat, D8S2611 near the PNOC gene, two previously characterised dinucleotide repeats, D8S131 and D8S131P at the CHRNA2 locus and an RFLP at the 3'UTR of the arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) gene. No differences were found in allele frequencies between the patient and control groups. DNA variations or mutations at or near the three genes under study are unlikely to increase susceptibility to schizophrenia in our population sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Blaveri
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Royal Free and University College London Medical School, Windeyer Building, 46 Cleveland Street, London W1P 6DB, UK
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17
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Gurling HM, Kalsi G, Brynjolfson J, Sigmundsson T, Sherrington R, Mankoo BS, Read T, Murphy P, Blaveri E, McQuillin A, Petursson H, Curtis D. Genomewide genetic linkage analysis confirms the presence of susceptibility loci for schizophrenia, on chromosomes 1q32.2, 5q33.2, and 8p21-22 and provides support for linkage to schizophrenia, on chromosomes 11q23.3-24 and 20q12.1-11.23. Am J Hum Genet 2001; 68:661-73. [PMID: 11179014 PMCID: PMC1274479 DOI: 10.1086/318788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2000] [Accepted: 01/12/2001] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We have performed genetic linkage analysis in 13 large multiply affected families, to test the hypothesis that there is extensive heterogeneity of linkage for genetic subtypes of schizophrenia. Our strategy consisted of selecting 13 kindreds containing multiple affected cases in three or more generations, an absence of bipolar affective disorder, and a single progenitor source of schizophrenia with unilineal transmission into the branch of the kindred sampled. DNA samples from these families were genotyped with 365 microsatellite markers spaced at approximately 10-cM intervals across the whole genome. We observed LOD scores >3.0 at five distinct loci, either in the sample as a whole or within single families, strongly suggesting etiological heterogeneity. Heterogeneity LOD scores >3.0 in the sample as a whole were found at 1q33.2 (LOD score 3.2; P=.0003), 5q33.2 (LOD score 3.6; P=.0001), 8p22.1-22 (LOD score 3.6; P=.0001), and 11q21 (LOD score 3.1; P=.0004). LOD scores >3.0 within single pedigrees were found at 4q13-31 (LOD score 3.2; P=.0003) and at 11q23.3-24 (LOD score 3.2; P=.0003). A LOD score of 2.9 was also found at 20q12.1-11.23 within in a single family. The fact that other studies have also detected LOD scores >3.0 at 1q33.2, 5q33.2, 8p21-22 and 11q21 suggests that these regions do indeed harbor schizophrenia-susceptibility loci. We believe that the weight of evidence for linkage to the chromosome 1q22, 5q33.2, and 8p21-22 loci is now sufficient to justify intensive investigation of these regions by methods based on linkage disequilibrium. Such studies will soon allow the identification of mutations having a direct effect on susceptibility to schizophrenia.
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MESH Headings
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosome Mapping
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8
- Family
- Female
- Genetic Linkage
- Genetic Markers
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics
- Genome, Human
- Genotype
- Humans
- Lod Score
- Male
- Microsatellite Repeats
- Pedigree
- Schizophrenia/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Gurling
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Windeyer Institute for Medical Sciences, Royal Free and University College London Medical School, London, W1T 4JF, United Kingdom.
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18
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Kalsi G, Etzler ME. Localization of a Nod factor-binding protein in legume roots and factors influencing its distribution and expression. Plant Physiol 2000; 124:1039-48. [PMID: 11080281 PMCID: PMC59203 DOI: 10.1104/pp.124.3.1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2000] [Accepted: 07/26/2000] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The roots of the legume Dolichos biflorus contain a lectin/nucleotide phosphohydrolase (Db-LNP) that binds to the Nod factor signals produced by rhizobia that nodulate this plant. In this study we show that Db-LNP is differentially distributed along the surface of the root axis in a pattern that correlates with the zone of nodulation of the root. Db-LNP is present on the surface of young and emerging root hairs and redistributes to the tips of the root hairs in response to treatment of the roots with a rhizobial symbiont or with a carbohydrate ligand. This redistribution does not occur in response to a non-symbiotic rhizobial strain or a root pathogen. Db-LNP is also present in the root pericycle where its level decreases upon initiation of nodule formation. Maximum levels of Db-LNP are found in 2-d-old roots, and the expression of this root protein is increased when the plants are grown in the absence of NO(3)(-) and NH(4)(+). These results support the possibility that Db-LNP is involved in the initiation of the Rhizobium legume symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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19
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Kalsi G, Gamble D, Curtis D, Brynjolfsson J, Sigmundsson T, Butler R, Read T, Murphy P, Petursson H, Gurling HM. No evidence for linkage of schizophrenia to DXS7 at chromosome Xp11. Psychiatr Genet 1999; 9:197-9. [PMID: 10697827 DOI: 10.1097/00041444-199912000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
There have been claims that a gene on the X chromosome may contribute to susceptibility to schizophrenia. Crow (1988) initially proposed that such a gene might lie in the pseudoautosomal region, but when evidence that weakened this hypothesis accumulated, he proposed that a susceptibility locus might be present elsewhere on the sex chromosomes instead. DeLisi et al. (1994) found a small nonsignificant positive lod score between the marker DXS7 and schizophrenia, but other failed to replicate this finding. Another study reported by Crow and DeLisi's group was also weakly positive for this marker (Dann et al., 1997). This locus was then investigated in a collaborative study by Laval et al. (1997), which produced a nonparametric lod score of 2.44. Using a sample of 17 pedigrees from Britain and Iceland, we have also tested the hypothesis of linkage between DXS7 and schizophrenia. The 17 families were selected from a larger sample on the basis of an absence of male-to-male transmission for schizophrenia. These families were originally selected for having multiple cases of schizophrenia within them and for having no cases of bipolar affective disorder. We genotyped subjects for a marker at DXS7 and performed classical lod score and model-free linkage analysis using broad and narrow definitions of affection with schizophrenia. We found strongly negative lod scores and no evidence for linkage using model-free analysis. Therefore, this study does not support the hypothesis of linkage of schizophrenia to DXS7, and the evidence for a susceptibility locus on this part of the X chromosome is weakened.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- Windeyer Institute of Medical Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, UCL Medical School, London, UK
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20
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McQuillin A, Lawrence J, Curtis D, Kalsi G, Smyth C, Hannesdottir S, Gurling H. Adjacent genetic markers on chromosome 11p15.5 at or near the tyrosine hydroxylase locus that show population linkage disequilibrium with each other do not show allelic association with bipolar affective disorder. Psychol Med 1999; 29:1449-1454. [PMID: 10616951 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291799001166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Linkage and association studies have suggested genetic susceptibility to bipolar affective disorder in a region of chromosome 11 around the tyrosine hydroxylase locus. We attempted to test the hypothesis that there was allelic association between polymorphisms around the tyrosine hydroxylase locus and bipolar affective disorder. METHODS A case-control association study was employed using four polymorphic markers, which span a region of approximately 2 cM across the tyrosine hydroxylase locus. RESULTS No evidence for allelic association between bipolar affective disorder and any of these markers was found. However, linkage disequilibrium between the markers was detected. CONCLUSIONS This finding diminishes the probability that genes in this region influence susceptibility to bipolar affective disorder, at least in our sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- A McQuillin
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal Free and University College London Medical School
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21
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Abstract
A lectin isolated from the roots of the legume, Dolichos biflorus, binds to Nod factors produced by rhizobial strains that nodulate this plant and has a deduced amino acid sequence with no significant homology to any lectin reported to date. This lectin also is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphoanhydride bonds of nucleoside di- and triphosphates; the enzyme activity is increased in the presence of carbohydrate ligands. This lectin-nucleotide phosphohydrolase (LNP) has a substrate specificity characteristic of the apyrase category of phosphohydrolases, and its sequence contains four motifs characteristic of this category of enzymes. LNP is present on the surface of the root hairs, and treatment of roots with antiserum to LNP inhibits their ability to undergo root hair deformation and to form nodules on exposure to rhizobia. These properties suggest that this protein may play a role in the rhizobium-legume symbiosis and/or in a related carbohydrate recognition event endogenous to the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Etzler
- Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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22
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Kalsi G, Mankoo B, Curtis D, Sherrington R, Melmer G, Brynjolfsson J, Sigmundsson T, Read T, Murphy P, Petursson H, Gurling H. New DNA markers with increased informativeness show diminished support for a chromosome 5q11-13 schizophrenia susceptibility locus and exclude linkage in two new cohorts of British and Icelandic families. Ann Hum Genet 1999; 63:235-47. [PMID: 10738536 DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-1809.1999.6330235.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Genetic linkage of schizophrenia to markers at 5q11.2-13.3 had been reported previously in five Icelandic and two British families, but attempts at replication in independent samples have been unsuccessful. We report here an update on the diagnoses and results of linkage analyses using newer highly polymorphic microsatellite markers at or near the loci D5S76 and D5S39 in the original sample of pedigrees and in two new family samples from Iceland and from Britain. The new results show a reduction in evidence for linkage in the original sample and evidence against linkage in the two new family samples. Although it is possible that a rare locus is present, perhaps in the region 5p14.1-13.1 rather than 5q11.2-13.3, it appears most likely that the original positive lod scores represent an exaggeration of the 'true' lod scores due to random effects and that the small lod scores we now obtain could have arisen by chance.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- Windeyer Institute for Medical Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University College London Medical School
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23
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McQuillin A, Lawrence J, Kalsi G, Chen A, Gurling H, Curtis D. No allelic association between bipolar affective disorder and the tryptophan hydroxylase gene. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999; 56:99-101. [PMID: 9892263 DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.56.1.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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24
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Kalsi G, Curtis D, Brynjolfsson J, Sigmundsson T, Petursson H, Butler R, Read T, Murphy P, Gurling HM. Tests of linkage, allelic and genotypic association between schizophrenia and the gene for the D3 dopamine receptor, DRD3. Psychiatr Genet 1998; 8:187-9. [PMID: 9800221 DOI: 10.1097/00041444-199800830-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- Windeyer Institute of Medical Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, UCL Medical School, London, UK
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25
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Vincent JB, Kalsi G, Klempan T, Tatuch Y, Sherrington RP, Breschel T, McInnis MG, Brynjolfsson J, Petursson H, Gurling HM, Gottesman II, Torrey EF, Petronis A, Kennedy JL. No evidence of expansion of CAG or GAA repeats in schizophrenia families and monozygotic twins. Hum Genet 1998; 103:41-7. [PMID: 9737774 DOI: 10.1007/s004390050780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Many diseases caused by trinucleotide expansion exhibit increased severity and decreased age of onset (genetic anticipation) in successive generations. Apparent evidence of genetic anticipation in schizophrenia has led to a search for trinucleotide repeat expansions. We have used several techniques, including Southern blot hybridization, repeat expansion detection (RED) and locus-specific PCR to search for expanded CAG/CTG repeats in 12 families from the United Kingdom and 11 from Iceland that are multiplex for schizophrenia and demonstrate anticipation. The unstable DNA theory could also explain discordance of phenotype for schizophrenia in pairs of monozygotic twins, where the affected twin has a greater number of repeats than the unaffected twin. We used these techniques to look for evidence of different CAG/CTG repeat size in 27 pairs of monozygotic twins who are either concordant or discordant for schizophrenia. We have found no evidence of an increase in CAG/CTG repeat size for affected members in the families, or for the affected twins in the MZ twin sample. Southern hybridization and RED analysis were also performed for the twin and family samples to look for evidence of expansion of GAA/TTC repeats. However, no evidence of expansion was found in either sample. Whilst these results suggest that these repeats are not involved in the etiology of schizophrenia, the techniques used for detecting repeat expansions have limits to their sensitivity. The involvement of other trinucleotide repeats or other expandable repeat sequences cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Vincent
- Neurogenetics Section, Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Kalsi G, Whiting P, Bourdelles BL, Callen D, Barnard EA, Gurling H. Localization of the human NMDAR2D receptor subunit gene (GRIN2D) to 19q13.1-qter, the NMDAR2A subunit gene to 16p13.2 (GRIN2A), and the NMDAR2C subunit gene (GRIN2C) to 17q24-q25 using somatic cell hybrid and radiation hybrid mapping panels. Genomics 1998; 47:423-5. [PMID: 9480759 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1997.5132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, UCL Medical School, Windeyer Building, 46 Cleveland Street, London, W1P 6DB, United Kingdom
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27
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Smyth C, Kalsi G, Brynjolfsson J, O'Neill J, Curtis D, Rifkin L, Moloney E, Murphy P, Petursson H, Gurling H. Test of Xq26.3-28 linkage in bipolar and unipolar affective disorder in families selected for absence of male to male transmission. Br J Psychiatry 1997; 171:578-81. [PMID: 9519101 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.171.6.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been several reports of linkage between genetic markers on the X chromosome at Xq26.3-28 and bipolar affective disorder in family samples obtained from distinct ethnic and geographical origins. As part of a genome search in a series of 23 UK and Icelandic families, specifically selected for their large size and power to resolve the issue of linkage heterogeneity, we have tested the hypothesis that there is a locus for a genetic subtype of bipolar affective disorder which is linked to this region. METHOD In families selected on the basis of absent male to male transmission for affective disorder, we performed two-point and FASTMAP multipoint linkage analyses with markers spanning the region between the genetic loci DXS102 and F8. RESULTS We found negative lod scores for several models of affection status in families selected under stringent and relaxed criteria for the absence of male to male transmission. CONCLUSIONS In the family sample we have obtained, our study provides no support for the presence of a locus increasing genetic susceptibility to bipolar affective disorder in this region of the X chromosome. It is likely that our finding reflects heterogeneity of linkage for bipolar and genetically related unipolar disorder that exists in specific ethnic populations. Alternatively the X-linked subtype of the disorder may have been present only in a few of our small families resulting in loss of power to detect the Xq26.3-28 linked subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Smyth
- University College London Medical School
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28
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Kalsi G, Smyth C, Brynjolfsson J, Sherrington RS, O'Neill J, Curtis D, Rifkin L, Murphy P, Petursson H, Gurling HM. Linkage analysis of manic depression (bipolar affective disorder) in Icelandic and British kindreds using markers on the short arm of chromosome 18. Hum Hered 1997; 47:268-78. [PMID: 9358015 DOI: 10.1159/000154423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Attempts were made to follow up results of a previous linkage study which suggested that a locus-modifying susceptibility to bipolar and related unipolar affective disorder might be present in the pericentromeric region of the short arm of chromosome 18. Twenty-three multiply affected pedigrees collected from Iceland and the UK were genotyped using three highly polymorphic microsatellite markers at D18S37, D18S40 and D18S44 which span the region implicated. Lod score analyses under the assumption of heterogeneity and non-parametric linkage analyses were performed. The total lod scores obtained were strongly negative, and analysis allowing for heterogeneity did not suggest that any subgroup of the families was linked. Model-free linkage analysis using extended relative pair analysis and MFLINK also failed to detect any evidence for linkage. Our study provides no support for the presence of a locus-modifying genetic susceptibility to bipolar affective disorder in the pericentromeric region of chromosome 18q11. Further analyses in independent samples should help to reveal whether our negative results are due to locus heterogeneity or whether the original results were false-positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, University College London Medical School, UK
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29
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Chen AC, Kalsi G, Brynjolfsson J, Sigmundsson T, Curtis D, Butler R, Read T, Murphy P, Barnard EA, Petursson H, Gurling HM. Exclusion of linkage between schizophrenia and the gene encoding a neutral amino acid glutamate/aspartate transporter, SLC1A5. Am J Med Genet 1997; 74:50-2. [PMID: 9034006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
An abnormality in glutamatergic function has been hypothesized as being of etiological importance in schizophrenia. Twenty-three multiplex English and Icelandic schizophrenia families were genotyped with a polymorphic dinucleotide repeat sequence in the 3'-untranslated region of the glutamate/aspartate transporter gene called SLC1A5. Using the lod and a model-free method of linkage analysis (MFLINK), no evidence of linkage between SLC1A5 and schizophrenia was found. Our results do not support the hypothesis that SLC1A5 gene mutations or allelic variants provide a major gene contribution to the etiology of schizophrenia. However, because of the likelihood of heterogeneity of linkage in schizophrenia, there is a case for testing other pedigrees for linkage to the SLC1A5 locus. The SLC1A5 locus is one of a complex family of genes encoding neutral amino acid transporter proteins and the genetic relation between these other loci and schizophrenia has not yet been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, University College London Medical School, UK
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30
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Smyth C, Kalsi G, Curtis D, Brynjolfsson J, O'Neill J, Rifkin L, Moloney E, Murphy P, Petursson H, Gurling H. Two-locus admixture linkage analysis of bipolar and unipolar affective disorder supports the presence of susceptibility loci on chromosomes 11p15 and 21q22. Genomics 1997; 39:271-8. [PMID: 9119364 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1996.4486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Following a report of a linkage study that yielded evidence for a susceptibility locus for bipolar affective disorder on the long arm of chromosome 21, we studied 23 multiply affected pedigrees collected from Iceland and the UK, using the markers PFKL, D21S171, and D21S49. Counting only bipolar cases as affected, a two-point LOD of 1.28 was obtained using D21S171 (theta = 0.01, alpha = 0.35), with three Icelandic families producing LODs of 0.63, 0.62, and 1.74 (all at theta = 0.0). Affected sib pair analysis demonstrated increased allele sharing at D21S171 (P = 0.001) when unipolar cases were also considered affected. The same set of pedigrees had previously been typed for a tyrosine hydroxylase gene (TH) polymorphism at 11p15 and had shown some moderate evidence for linkage. When information from TH and the 21q markers was combined in a two-locus admixture analysis, an overall admixture LOD of 3.87 was obtained using the bipolar affection model. Thus the data are compatible with the hypothesis that a locus at or near TH influences susceptibility in some pedigrees, while a locus near D21S171 is active in others. Similar analyses in other datasets should be carried out to confirm or refute our tentative finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Smyth
- Department of Psychiatry, University College London Medical School, United Kingdon
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31
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Chen AC, Kalsi G, Brynjolfsson J, Sigmundsson T, Curtis D, Butler R, Read T, Murphy P, Petursson H, Barnard EA, Gurling HM. Exclusion of linkage of schizophrenia to the gene for the glutamate GluR5 receptor. Biol Psychiatry 1997; 41:243-5. [PMID: 9018399 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(96)00423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A C Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, University College London, Medical School, United Kingdom
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32
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Chen AC, Kalsi G, Brynjolfsson J, Sigmundsson T, Curtis D, Butler R, Read T, Murphy P, Petursson H, Barnard EA, Gurling HM. Lack of evidence for close linkage of the glutamate GluR6 receptor gene with schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153:1634-6. [PMID: 8942465 DOI: 10.1176/ajp.153.12.1634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous research has consistently implicated genetic factors in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. It has been hypothesized that an abnormality in glutamatergic function is of etiologic importance in schizophrenia, and therefore the glutamate receptor family of genes are potential susceptibility loci for schizophrenia. To test this hypothesis the authors sought to detect linkage between the GluR6 glutamate receptor gene and schizophrenia. METHOD Twenty-three English and Icelandic families containing multiple cases of schizophrenia were genotyped with a microsatellite trinucleotide repeat polymorphism localized at the GluR6 glutamate receptor locus. Lod scores, model-free linkage analysis, and extended relative pair analysis were used to test for linkage. RESULTS No statistically significant evidence of linkage between GluR6 and schizophrenia was found. CONCLUSIONS The results do not support the hypothesis that GluR6 allelic variants provide a major gene contribution to the etiology of schizophrenia in a large proportion of these pedigrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, University College London Medical School, U.K
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33
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Smyth C, Kalsi G, Brynjolfsson J, O'Neill J, Curtis D, Rifkin L, Moloney E, Murphy P, Sherrington R, Petursson H, Gurling H. Further tests for linkage of bipolar affective disorder to the tyrosine hydroxylase gene locus on chromosome 11p15 in a new series of multiplex British affective disorder pedigrees. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153:271-4. [PMID: 8561212 DOI: 10.1176/ajp.153.2.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to confirm or refute previous reports that link bipolar affective disorder to polymorphic DNA markers at or near the gene for tyrosine hydroxylase. METHOD A previous linkage analysis, which used a tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism at the tyrosine hydroxylase locus, of six Icelandic families was extended to include a new series of 17 multiply affected British families. RESULTS Overall lod scores under the assumption of locus heterogeneity were between 1.20 and 1.40 at zero recombination with tyrosine hydroxylase, and these scores persisted across three affective disorder models. CONCLUSIONS These results provide some support for linking affective disorder to this genetic region and suggest that additional linkage and association studies should be conducted to determine whether tyrosine hydroxylase or a nearby locus contributes to susceptibility to bipolar affective disorder in some families.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Smyth
- Department of Psychiatry, University College London Medical School, UK
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34
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Kalsi G, Sherrington R, Mankoo BS, Brynjolfsson J, Sigmundsson T, Curtis D, Read T, Murphy P, Butler R, Petursson H, Gurling HM. Linkage study of the D5 dopamine receptor gene (DRD5) in multiplex Icelandic and English schizophrenia pedigrees. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153:107-9. [PMID: 8540565 DOI: 10.1176/ajp.153.1.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors investigated the possibility that genetic variation or mutation of the dopamine D5 receptor gene might modify susceptibility to schizophrenia. METHOD Twenty-three Icelandic and English pedigrees containing multiple cases of schizophrenia were genotyped by using a highly informative microsatellite for the D5 dopamine receptor gene DRD5. RESULTS By means of three different affection models, negative lod scores were obtained under assumptions of autosomal dominant and recessive inheritance. There was no evidence for locus heterogeneity. Nonparametric extended relative pair analysis also produced negative results. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that mutations of the D5 dopamine receptor gene are not a major cause of schizophrenia in these pedigrees. Because of the probable existence of locus heterogeneity, the D5 receptor gene may be of etiologic importance in other families with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- Department of Psychiatry, University College London Medical School, U.K
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35
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Gurling H, Kalsi G, Chen AC, Green M, Butler R, Read T, Murphy P, Curtis D, Sharma T, Chen AH, Petursson H, Brynjolfsson J. Schizophrenia susceptibility and chromosome 6p24-22. Nat Genet 1995; 11:234-5. [PMID: 7581442 DOI: 10.1038/ng1195-234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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36
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Kalsi G, Curtis D, Brynjolfsson J, Butler R, Sharma T, Murphy P, Read T, Petursson H, Gurling HM. Investigation by linkage analysis of the XY pseudoautosomal region in the genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 1995; 167:390-3. [PMID: 7496650 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.167.3.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A susceptibility locus for schizophrenia in the pseudoautosomal region has been proposed on the basis of a possible excess of sex chromosome aneuploidies among patients with schizophrenia and an increased sex concordance in affected sib pairs. Several studies investigating this hypothesis have produced conflicting evidence. METHOD In a series of Icelandic and British families, we used lod score and sib pair linkage analyses with markers for the MIC2 and DXYS14 loci on the pseudoautosomal XY region. RESULTS Lod and sib pair linkage analysis with these markers produced strongly negative scores. Heterogeneity testing also produced negative results. CONCLUSION We conclude that the present study provides no support for the involvement of either the pseudoautosomal region or the nearby region of the sex chromosomes in the aetiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, University College London Medical School
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37
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Kalsi G, Brynjolfsson J, Butler R, Sherrington R, Curtis D, Sigmundsson T, Read T, Murphy P, Sharma T, Petursson H. Linkage analysis of chromosome 22q12-13 in a United Kingdom/Icelandic sample of 23 multiplex schizophrenia families. Am J Med Genet 1995; 60:298-301. [PMID: 7485264 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320600407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A possible linkage to a genetic subtype of schizophrenia and related disorders has been reported on the long arm of chromosome 22 at q12-13. (Pulver et al., 1994: Am J Med Genet 54:36-43; Coon et al., 1994: Am J Med Genet 54:72-79; Pulver et al., 1994: Am J Med Genet 54:44-50). However formal statistical tests in a combined sample could not reject homogeneity and prove that there was a linked subgroup of families. We have studied 23 schizophrenia pedigrees to test whether some multiplex schizophrenia families may be linked to the microsatellite markers D22S274 and D22S283 which span the 22q12-13 region. Two point followed by multipoint lod and non-parametric linkage analyses under the assumption of heterogeneity provided no evidence for linkage over the relevant region.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- Department of Psychiatry, University College London Medical School, United Kingdom
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38
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Gurling H, Smyth C, Kalsi G, Moloney E, Rifkin L, O'Neill J, Murphy P, Curtis D, Petursson H, Brynjolfsson J. Linkage findings in bipolar disorder. Nat Genet 1995; 10:8-9. [PMID: 7647797 DOI: 10.1038/ng0595-8b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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39
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Kalsi G, Mankoo BS, Curtis D, Brynjolfsson J, Read T, Sharma T, Murphy P, Petursson H, Gurling HM. Exclusion of linkage of schizophrenia to the gene for the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) and chromosome 11q translocation sites. Psychol Med 1995; 25:531-537. [PMID: 7480434 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291700033456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
There have been previous reports of a 1q43;11q21 translocation cosegregating with schizophrenia and a 9p22;11q22.3 translocation cosegregating with manic depression. In addition, the genes for the dopamine D2 receptor and for tyrosinase both map to chromosome 11q. Three 11q DNA markers were used to investigate 23 pedigrees containing multiple cases of schizophrenia. Strongly negative lod scores were obtained, providing evidence against linkage over a 70 cM region which included both translocation sites and both candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- Academic Department of Psychiatry, University College, London
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40
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Abstract
The glucose-specific peanut root lectin, PRA II, is localized on the surface of 7-day-old peanut seedling root and in root cortical parenchymatous cells. The lectin is eluted from intact roots upon washing with buffer containing glucose. Rabbit erythrocytes bind to the root surface and the cortical cells; the binding is inhibited by antibodies raised against PRA II, peanut-specific Rhizobium cells and by glucose. Lipopolysaccharides isolated from host-specific Rhizobium strain inhibit the haemagglutinating activity of PRA II and are precipitated by the lectin. Our results suggest that PRA II might be involved in recognition of Rhizobium by peanut roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- C.S.I.R. Centre for Biochemical Technology, India
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41
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42
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Brett PM, Le Bourdelles B, See CG, Whiting PJ, Attwood J, Woodward K, Robertson MM, Kalsi G, Povey S, Gurling HM. Genomic cloning and localization by FISH and linkage analysis of the human gene encoding the primary subunit NMDAR1 (GRIN1) of the NMDA receptor channel. Ann Hum Genet 1994; 58:95-100. [PMID: 7979163 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1994.tb01879.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A cDNA clone of the NMDAR1 (isoform E) has been used to screen both lambda and cosmid genomic libraries. A genomic phage clone was identified and sequenced and was found to contain some of the 3' coding regions of the GRIN1 gene. This clone was used to localize the gene using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) to normal chromosomes, and also to a lymphoblastoid cell line containing a translocation involving chromosomes 9 and 15. FISH localized the gene to chromosome 9q34.3. The clone was used to screen a panel of genomic DNAs cut with 20 restriction enzymes. A VNTR sequence 5' to the gene, which was polymorphic for a number of restriction enzymes, was detected. A PvuII fragment of the genomic clone was found to detect the VNTR on Southern hybridization. The polymorphic VNTR marker was mapped against chromosome 9q34 markers using linkage analysis in the CEPH families. The GRIN1 gene was linked to D9S7 with a maximum lod score of 20.09 at zero recombination fraction in males and 0.03% recombination in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Brett
- University College London Medical School, Academic Department of Psychiatry
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43
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Kalsi G, Mankoo BS, Brynjolfsson J, Curtis D, Read T, Murphy P, Sharma T, Petursson H, Gurling HM. The Marfan syndrome gene locus as a favoured locus for susceptibility to schizophrenia. Psychiatr Genet 1994; 4:219-27. [PMID: 7712119 DOI: 10.1097/00041444-199400440-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue with manifestations in the cardiovascular, ocular and skeletal systems. Genetic linkage analysis with random probes has mapped the MS locus to 15q21.1. There have been several reports of Marfan syndrome co-segregating with schizophrenia within families, which suggest that a common genetic factor may be shared between schizophrenia susceptibility and MS. This could be due to a cytogenetic abnormality affecting both genetic loci or due to co-segregation of two disease loci near each other on the same chromosome. We tested this hypothesis by using genetic linkage analysis with multiplex families. Using three genetic markers spanning the MS locus, we were unable to find evidence of linkage with schizophrenia across the Marfan syndrome locus on chromosome 15.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- Academic Department of Psychiatry, University College London Medical School, UK
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44
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Kalsi G, Das HR, Das RH, Babu CR. Further characterization of glucose-specific peanut root lectin (PRA II). Indian J Biochem Biophys 1993; 30:400-4. [PMID: 8005624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Amino acid analysis of PRA II, a glucose-specific lectin isolated from 7 day-old peanut seedling roots shows that this lectin is rich in glycyl (103 per mole) and seryl residues (59 per mole), and poor in essential amino acids, the acidic amino acid content is higher than the basic amino acids and that its amino acid composition differs from its seed counterpart (PNA), although neither of the lectins contains cystein. PRA II has two carbohydrate binding sites per molecule as determined by equilibrium dialysis. Modifications of the specific amino acid residues of the lectin with group specific reagents indicate that hydroxyl group of tyrosine is involved in the binding of carbohydrate to PRA II.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- Centre for Biochemical Technology, Delhi University Campus
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45
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Sherrington R, Mankoo B, Attwood J, Kalsi G, Curtis D, Buetow K, Povey S, Gurling H. Cloning of the human dopamine D5 receptor gene and identification of a highly polymorphic microsatellite for the DRD5 locus that shows tight linkage to the chromosome 4p reference marker RAF1P1. Genomics 1993; 18:423-5. [PMID: 8288248 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1993.1489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We identified a cosmid clone with exact sequence homology to part of the human dopamine D5 receptor gene (DRD5) after screening a cosmid library with the human DRD1 gene. The dopamine D5 receptor was mapped to chromosome 4p15.1-p15.3 by in situ hybridization and using a somatic cell hybrid panel. We report here the further localization of the DRD5 gene following identification of a highly polymorphic dinucleotide repeat sequence in the cosmid clone. The microsatellite (D5(CT/GT/GA)n) had 12 alleles with a polymorphic information content value of 0.77. Linkage analysis in 39 CEPH pedigrees demonstrated tight linkage to the chromosome 4p reference marker RAF1P1 (Zmaxf 20.66 at theta f 0.05 and ZmaxM 16.57 at theta m 0.07).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sherrington
- Academic Department of Psychiatry, University College London Medical School, United Kingdom
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46
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Curtis D, Sherrington R, Brett P, Holmes DS, Kalsi G, Brynjolfsson J, Petursson H, Rifkin L, Murphy P, Moloney E. Genetic linkage analysis of manic depression in Iceland. J R Soc Med 1993; 86:506-10. [PMID: 8105081 PMCID: PMC1294094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic linkage analysis has been used to study five Icelandic pedigrees multiply affected with manic depression. Genetic markers were chosen from regions which had been implicated by other studies or to which candidate genes had been localized. The transmission model used was of a dominant gene with incomplete penetrance and allowing for a large number of phenocopies, especially for unipolar rather than bipolar cases. Multipoint analysis with linked markers enabled information to be gained from regions spanning large distances. Using this approach we have excluded regions of chromosome 11p, 11q, 8q, 5q, 9q and Xq. Candidate genes excluded include those for tyrosine hydroxylase, the dopamine type 2 receptor, proenkephalin, the 5HT1A receptor and dopamine beta hydroxylase. Nevertheless, we remain optimistic that this approach will eventually identify at least some of the genes predisposing to manic depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Curtis
- Academic Department of Psychiatry, St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK
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47
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Abstract
The genes for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and a possible subtype of schizophrenia (SCZD1) have been mapped to chromosome 5q11.2-q13.3. DNA markers have been mapped to 5q11.2-q13.3 using a hybrid cell line deleted for this region [Gilliam et al., Genomics 1989;5:940-944]. Genomic lambda clones for these markers facilitated the identification of highly polymorphic microsatellites. A total of ten microsatellites were identified and sequenced. Of these, seven were found to be polymorphic. Four had polymorphism information content values > 0.7. New polymorphic microsatellites were sequenced for D5S76, D5S125, D5S39, D5S127 and HEX-B. Two-point and multipoint analysis in non-CEPH pedigrees confirmed that the microsatellites were in tight linkage with each other. These new microsatellites will increase the efficiency of linkage analysis for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sherrington
- Academic Department of Psychiatry, University College and Middlesex, School of Medicine, London, UK
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48
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Abstract
A glucose-specific lectin has been purified to apparent homogeneity from 7-day-old peanut (Arachis hypogaea) roots by affinity chromatography on a Sephadex G-50. The lectin has a 66 kDa native molecular mass and a 33 kDa subunit molecular mass as revealed by native and denaturing sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. The purified lectin, gives a single precipitin line with the antiserum produced against 7-day-old root extract and shows 5 bands in the pH range of 4.4-5.4 in the isoelectric focusing gel. The glucose-specific lectin activity in the peanut roots appears from the fourth day onwards. Lipopolysaccharides isolated from the host specific Rhizobium strain are a 68-fold more potent inhibitor of the lectin as compared to glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalsi
- C.S.I.R. Centre for Biochemicals, Delhi University Campus, India
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49
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Melmer G, Sherrington R, Mankoo B, Kalsi G, Curtis D, Gurling HM. A cosmid clone for the 5HT1A receptor (HTR1A) reveals a TaqI RFLP that shows tight linkage to dna loci D5S6, D5S39, and D5S76. Genomics 1991; 11:767-9. [PMID: 1685484 DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90088-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A human neuroreceptor clone (G21), which was isolated by cross-hybridization with the human clone for the beta 2-adrenergic receptor, has recently been shown to encode the gene for the 5HT1A receptor (HTR1A) subtype. In situ hybridization to human metaphase chromosomes mapped the G21 sequence to chromosome 5 at bands 5q11.2-q13. The clone G21 recognizes a SacI RFLP with low heterozygosity (0.13). To increase the informativeness of the HTR1A locus we have isolated two new cosmid clones containing the receptor gene. No polymorphic microsatellites were present in the cosmids. However, one cosmid revealed a new TaqI RFLP that showed tight linkage to new highly polymorphic microsatellites for the loci D5S76, D5S39, and D5S6 in seven British and Icelandic reference pedigrees (maximum LOD of 13.2 with D5S76).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Melmer
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Academic Department of Psychiatry, University College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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50
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Sherrington R, Melmer G, Dixon M, Curtis D, Mankoo B, Kalsi G, Gurling H. Linkage disequilibrium between two highly polymorphic microsatellites. Am J Hum Genet 1991; 49:966-71. [PMID: 1928102 PMCID: PMC1683257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The PCR was used to amplify genomic DNA from two microsatellite (dC-dA)n.(dG-dT)n sequences found to be present in the same chromosome 5 genomic clone. Analysis of the haplotype frequencies of these two interspersed repeat sequences in individuals showed strong allelic association or linkage disequilibrium. Six alleles were found for p599 (CA)n with a PIC value of 0.71 and 8 alleles were seen for lambda 599 (CA)n with a PIC value of 0.74. The two microsatellites are separated by approximately 7 kb. Analysis of the length variations for the two microsatellites showed that they were positively correlated, a finding that has no obvious explanation. The strong linkage disequilibrium found demonstrates stability during evolution for these novel markers. Therefore they should be powerful new tools for studying genetic drift and admixture of populations. Furthermore, disequilibrium data from microsatellites can be used in the fine mapping and cloning of disease genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sherrington
- Academic Department of Psychiatry, University College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London, England
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