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van Zwol W, Rimbert A, Wolters JC, Smit M, Bloks VW, Kloosterhuis NJ, Huijkman NCA, Koster MH, Tharehalli U, de Neck SM, Bournez C, Fuh MM, Kuipers J, Rajan S, de Bruin A, Ginsberg HN, van Westen GJP, Hussain MM, Scheja L, Heeren J, Zimmerman P, van de Sluis B, Kuivenhoven JA. Loss of hepatic SMLR1 causes hepatosteatosis and protects against atherosclerosis due to decreased hepatic VLDL secretion. Hepatology 2023; 78:1418-1432. [PMID: 36053190 PMCID: PMC10581432 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The assembly and secretion of VLDL from the liver, a pathway that affects hepatic and plasma lipids, remains incompletely understood. We set out to identify players in the VLDL biogenesis pathway by identifying genes that are co-expressed with the MTTP gene that encodes for microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, key to the lipidation of apolipoprotein B, the core protein of VLDL. Using human and murine transcriptomic data sets, we identified small leucine-rich protein 1 ( SMLR1 ), encoding for small leucine-rich protein 1, a protein of unknown function that is exclusively expressed in liver and small intestine. APPROACH AND RESULTS To assess the role of SMLR1 in the liver, we used somatic CRISPR/CRISPR-associated protein 9 gene editing to silence murine Smlr1 in hepatocytes ( Smlr1 -LKO). When fed a chow diet, male and female mice show hepatic steatosis, reduced plasma apolipoprotein B and triglycerides, and reduced VLDL secretion without affecting microsomal triglyceride transfer protein activity. Immunofluorescence studies show that SMLR1 is in the endoplasmic reticulum and Cis-Golgi complex. The loss of hepatic SMLR1 in female mice protects against diet-induced hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis but causes NASH. On a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet, insulin and glucose tolerance tests did not reveal differences in male Smlr1 -LKO mice versus controls. CONCLUSIONS We propose a role for SMLR1 in the trafficking of VLDL from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Cis-Golgi complex. While this study uncovers SMLR1 as a player in the VLDL assembly, trafficking, and secretion pathway, it also shows that NASH can occur with undisturbed glucose homeostasis and atheroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willemien van Zwol
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Antoine Rimbert
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Justina C. Wolters
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Smit
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent W. Bloks
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels J. Kloosterhuis
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolette C. A. Huijkman
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam H. Koster
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Umesh Tharehalli
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Simon M. de Neck
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Colin Bournez
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marceline M. Fuh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg−Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sujith Rajan
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York, USA
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Henry N. Ginsberg
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gerard J. P. van Westen
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M. Mahmood Hussain
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York, USA
| | - Ludger Scheja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg−Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg−Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Bart van de Sluis
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Pouwels SD, Sigaeva A, de Boer S, Eichhorn IA, Koll L, Kuipers J, Schirhagl R, Heijink IH, Burgess JK, Slebos DJ. Host-device interactions: exposure of lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts to nickel, titanium, or nitinol affect proliferation, reactive oxygen species production, and cellular signaling. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2023; 34:38. [PMID: 37486435 PMCID: PMC10366254 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-023-06742-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Endoscopic implantation of medical devices for the treatment of lung diseases, including airway stents, unidirectional valves and coils, is readily used to treat central airway disease and emphysema. However, granulation and fibrotic tissue formation impairs treatment effectiveness. To date little is known about the interaction between implanted devices, often made from metals, such as nickel, titanium or nitinol, and cells in the airways. Here, we study the response of lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts to implant device materials. The adhesion and proliferation of bronchial epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts upon exposure to 10 × 3 × 1 mm pieces of nickel, titanium or nitinol is examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. Pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression and release, signaling kinase activity and intracellular free radical production are assessed. Nitinol, and to a lesser extent nickel and titanium, surfaces support the attachment and growth of lung epithelial cells. Nitinol induces a rapid and significant alteration of kinase activity. Cells directly exposed to nickel or titanium produce free radicals, but those exposed to nitinol do not. The response of lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts depends on the metal type to which they are exposed. Nitinol induces cellular surface growth and the induction of kinase activity, while exposure of lung epithelial cells to nickel and titanium induces free radical production, but nitinol does not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon D Pouwels
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Alina Sigaeva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AW, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shanna de Boer
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse A Eichhorn
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisanne Koll
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Romana Schirhagl
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AW, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene H Heijink
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janette K Burgess
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk-Jan Slebos
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Gareb B, van Bakelen NB, Driessen L, Buma P, Kuipers J, Grijpma DW, Vissink A, Bos RR, van Minnen B. Biocompatibility and degradation comparisons of four biodegradable copolymeric osteosynthesis systems used in maxillofacial surgery: A goat model with four years follow-up. Bioact Mater 2022; 17:439-456. [PMID: 35386449 PMCID: PMC8961280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Applying biodegradable osteosyntheses avoids the disadvantages of titanium osteosyntheses. However, foreign-body reactions remain a major concern and evidence of complete resorption is lacking. This study compared the physico-chemical properties, histological response and radiographs of four copolymeric biodegradable osteosynthesis systems in a goat model with 48-months follow-up. The systems were implanted subperiosteally in both tibia and radius of 12 Dutch White goats. The BioSorb FX [poly(70LLA-co-30DLLA)], Inion CPS [poly([70–78.5]LLA-co-[16–24]DLLA-co-4TMC)], SonicWeld Rx [poly(DLLA)], LactoSorb [poly(82LLA-co-18GA)] systems and a negative control were randomly implanted in each extremity. Samples were assessed at 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-, 36-, and 48-month follow-up. Surface topography was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differential scanning calorimetry and gel permeation chromatography were performed on initial and explanted samples. Histological sections were systematically assessed by two blinded researchers using (polarized) light microscopy, SEM and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The SonicWeld Rx system was amorphous while the others were semi-crystalline. Foreign-body reactions were not observed during the complete follow-up. The SonicWeld Rx and LactoSorb systems reached bone percentages of negative controls after 18 months while the BioSorb Fx and Inion CPS systems reached these levels after 36 months. The SonicWeld Rx system showed the most predictable degradation profile. All the biodegradable systems were safe to use and well-tolerated (i.e., complete implant replacement by bone, no clinical or histological foreign body reactions, no [sterile] abscess formation, no re-interventions needed), but nanoscale residual polymeric fragments were observed at every system's assessment. Foreign-body reactions are a major concern of biodegradable osteosyntheses. Amorphous poly(DLLA) showed the most predictable degradation profile. Nanoscale residual polymeric fragments could still be observed after 4 years.
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Van Zwol W, Rimbert A, Wolters J, Bloks V, Kloosterhuis N, Huijkman N, Smit M, Heeren J, Scheja L, Bournez C, Kuipers J, Rajan S, Hussain M, Zimmerman P, Van De Sluis B, Kuivenhoven J. Hepatic SMLR1 ablation fully protects against diet-induced atherosclerosis but causes hepatosteatosis via reduced VLDL secretion. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Gupta A, Burgess JK, Borghuis T, de Vries MP, Kuipers J, Permentier HP, Bischoff R, Slebos DJ, Pouwels SD. Identification of damage associated molecular patterns and extracellular matrix proteins as major constituents of the surface proteome of lung implantable silicone/nitinol devices. Acta Biomater 2022; 141:209-218. [PMID: 35038586 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lung implantable devices have been widely adopted as mechanical interventions for a wide variety of pulmonary pathologies. Despite successful initial treatment, long-term efficacy can often be impacted by fibrotic or granulation tissue formation at the implant sites. This study aimed to explore the lung-device interface by identifying the adhered proteome on lung devices explanted from patients with severe emphysema. In this study, scanning electron microscopy is used to visualize the adhesion of cells and proteins to silicone and nitinol surfaces of explanted endobronchial valves. By applying high-resolution mass-spectrometry, the surface proteome of eight explanted valves is characterized, identifying 263 unique protein species to be mutually adsorbed on the valves. This subset is subjected to gene enrichment analysis, matched with known databases and further validated using immunohistochemistry. Enrichment analyses reveal dominant clusters of functionally-related ontology terms associated with coagulation, pattern recognition receptor signaling, immune responses, cytoskeleton organization, cell adhesion and migration. Matching results show that extracellular matrix proteins and damage-associated molecular patterns are cardinal in the formation of the surface proteome. This is the first study investigating the composition of the adhered proteome on explanted lung devices, setting the groundwork for hypothesis generation and further exploration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first study investigating the composition of the adhered proteome on explanted lung devices. Lung implantable devices have been widely adopted as mechanical interventions for pulmonary pathologies. Despite successful initial treatment, long-term efficacy can often be impacted by fibrotic or granulation tissue formation around the implant sites. We identified the adhered proteome on explanted lung devices using several techniques. We identified 263 unique protein species to be mutually adsorbed on explanted lung devices. Pathway analyses revealed that these proteins are associated with coagulation, pattern recognition receptor signaling, immune responses, cytoskeleton organization, cell adhesion and migration. Furthermore, we identified that especially extracellular matrix proteins and damage-associated molecular patterns were cardinal in the formation of the surface proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Gupta
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janette K Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Theo Borghuis
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel P de Vries
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry and Interfaculty Mass Spectrometry Center, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hjalmar P Permentier
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry and Interfaculty Mass Spectrometry Center, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry and Interfaculty Mass Spectrometry Center, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk-Jan Slebos
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Simon D Pouwels
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Muralidharan C, Conteh AM, Marasco MR, Crowder JJ, Kuipers J, de Boer P, Linnemann AK. Pancreatic beta cell autophagy is impaired in type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2021; 64:865-877. [PMID: 33515072 PMCID: PMC7940272 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05387-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Pancreatic beta cells are subjected to exogenous damaging factors such as proinflammatory cytokines or excess glucose that can cause accumulation of damage-inducing reactive oxygen species during the pathogenesis of diabetes. We and others have shown that beta cell autophagy can reduce reactive oxygen species to protect against apoptosis. While impaired islet autophagy has been demonstrated in human type 2 diabetes, it is unknown if islet autophagy is perturbed in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. We hypothesised that beta cell autophagy is dysfunctional in type 1 diabetes, and that there is a progressive loss during early diabetes development. METHODS Pancreases were collected from chloroquine-injected and non-injected non-obese diabetes-resistant (NOR) and non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Age- and BMI-matched pancreas tissue sections from human organ donors (N = 34) were obtained from the Network for Pancreatic Organ Donors with Diabetes (nPOD). Tissue sections were stained with antibodies against proinsulin or insulin (beta cell markers), microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 A/B (LC3A/B; autophagosome marker), lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1; lysosome marker) and p62 (autophagy adaptor). Images collected on a scanning laser confocal microscope were analysed with CellProfiler and ImageJ. Secondary lysosomes and telolysosomes were assessed in electron micrographs of human pancreatic tissue sections (n = 12), and energy dispersive x-ray analysis was performed to assess distribution of elements (n = 5). RESULTS We observed increased autophagosome numbers in islets of diabetic NOD mice (p = 0.008) and increased p62 in islets of both non-diabetic and diabetic NOD mice (p < 0.001) vs NOR mice. There was also a reduction in LC3-LAMP1 colocalisation in islets of diabetic NOD mice compared with both non-diabetic NOD (p < 0.001) and NOR mice (p < 0.001). Chloroquine elicited accumulation of autophagosomes in the islets of NOR (p = 0.003) and non-diabetic NOD mice (p < 0.001), but not in islets of diabetic NOD mice; and stimulated accumulation of p62 in NOR (p < 0.001), but not in NOD mice. We observed reduced LC3-LAMP1 colocalisation (p < 0.001) in residual beta cells of human donors with type 1 diabetes vs non-diabetic participants. We also observed reduced colocalisation of proinsulin with LAMP1 in donors with type 1 diabetes (p < 0.001). Electron microscopy also revealed accumulation of telolysosomes with nitrogen-dense rings in beta cells of autoantibody-positive donors (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We provide evidence of islet macroautophagy/crinophagy impairment in human type 1 diabetes. We also document accumulation of telolysosomes with peripheral nitrogen in beta cells of autoantibody-positive donors, demonstrating altered lysosome content that may be associated with lysosome dysfunction before clinical hyperglycaemia. Similar macroautophagy impairments are present in the NOD mouse model of type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charanya Muralidharan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Abass M Conteh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michelle R Marasco
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Justin J Crowder
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pascal de Boer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Amelia K Linnemann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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de Vrij EL, Bouma HR, Goris M, Weerman U, de Groot AP, Kuipers J, Giepmans BNG, Henning RH. Reversible thrombocytopenia during hibernation originates from storage and release of platelets in liver sinusoids. J Comp Physiol B 2021; 191:603-615. [PMID: 33661336 PMCID: PMC8043940 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-021-01351-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Immobility is a risk factor for thrombosis due to low blood flow, which may result in activation of the coagulation system, recruitment of platelets and clot formation. Nevertheless, hibernating animals-who endure lengthy periods of immobility-do not show signs of thrombosis throughout or after hibernation. One of the adaptations of hemostasis in hibernators consists of a rapidly reversible reduction of the number of circulating platelets during torpor, i.e., the hibernation phase with reduction of metabolic rate, low blood flow and immobility. It is unknown whether these platelet dynamics in hibernating hamsters originate from storage and release, as suggested for ground squirrel, or from breakdown and de novo synthesis. A reduction in detaching forces due to low blood flow can induce reversible adhesion of platelets to the vessel wall, which is called margination. Here, we hypothesized that storage-and-release by margination to the vessel wall induces reversible thrombocytopenia in torpor. Therefore, we transfused labeled platelets in hibernating Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) and platelets were analyzed using flow cytometry and electron microscopy. The half-life of labeled platelets was extended from 20 to 30 h in hibernating animals compared to non-hibernating control hamsters. More than 90% of labeled platelets were cleared from the circulation during torpor, followed by emergence during arousal which supports storage-and-release to govern thrombocytopenia in torpor. Furthermore, the low number of immature platelets, plasma level of interleukin-1α and normal numbers of megakaryocytes in bone marrow make platelet synthesis or megakaryocyte rupture via interleukin-1α unlikely to account for the recovery of platelet counts upon arousal. Finally, using large-scale electron microscopy we revealed platelets to accumulate in liver sinusoids, but not in spleen or lung, during torpor. These results thus demonstrate that platelet dynamics in hibernation are caused by storage and release of platelets, most likely by margination to the vessel wall in liver sinusoids. Translating the molecular mechanisms that govern platelet retention in the liver, may be of major relevance for hemostatic management in (accidental) hypothermia and for the development of novel anti-thrombotic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin L de Vrij
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Hjalmar R Bouma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike Goris
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrike Weerman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne P de Groot
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Robert H Henning
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Pirozzi NM, Kuipers J, Giepmans BNG. Sample preparation for energy dispersive X-ray imaging of biological tissues. Methods Cell Biol 2020; 162:89-114. [PMID: 33707024 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2020.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Traditional electron microscopy (EM) can be complemented with analytical EM to increase objective sample information enabling feature identification. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) imaging provides semi-quantitative elemental composition of the sample with high spatial resolution (~10nm) in ultrathin sections. However, EDX imaging of biological samples is still challenging as a routine method because many elements are at the detection limit for this technique. Moreover, samples undergo extensive preparation before analysis, which can introduce disruptive X-ray cross-talk or artifacts. EDX data can, for instance, be skewed by (i) osmium interference with endogenous phosphorus, (ii) chlorine present in EPON-embedded tissues, (iii) lead interference with endogenous sulfur, and (iv) potential spectral overlaps with grid material, contrast agents, and the in-microscope sample holder. Here, we highlight how to circumvent these potential pitfalls and outline how we approach sample preparation and analysis for detection of different elements of interest. Utilization of well-considered a priori sample preparation techniques will best ensure conclusive EDX experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Pirozzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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9
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Faber AIE, van der Zwaag M, Schepers H, Eggens-Meijer E, Kanon B, IJsebaart C, Kuipers J, Giepmans BNG, Freire R, Grzeschik NA, Rabouille C, Sibon OCM. Vps13 is required for timely removal of nurse cell corpses. Development 2020; 147:dev.191759. [PMID: 32994170 DOI: 10.1242/dev.191759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death and consecutive removal of cellular remnants is essential for development. During late stages of Drosophila melanogaster oogenesis, the small somatic follicle cells that surround the large nurse cells promote non-apoptotic nurse cell death, subsequently engulf them, and contribute to the timely removal of nurse cell corpses. Here, we identify a role for Vps13 in the timely removal of nurse cell corpses downstream of developmental programmed cell death. Vps13 is an evolutionarily conserved peripheral membrane protein associated with membrane contact sites and lipid transfer. It is expressed in late nurse cells, and persistent nurse cell remnants are observed when Vps13 is depleted from nurse cells but not from follicle cells. Microscopic analysis revealed enrichment of Vps13 in close proximity to the plasma membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum in nurse cells undergoing degradation. Ultrastructural analysis uncovered the presence of an underlying Vps13-dependent membranous structure in close association with the plasma membrane. The newly identified structure and function suggests the presence of a Vps13-dependent process required for complete degradation of bulky remnants of dying cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita I E Faber
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, The University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne van der Zwaag
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, The University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hein Schepers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, The University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellie Eggens-Meijer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, The University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Kanon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, The University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen IJsebaart
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, The University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, The University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, The University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Raimundo Freire
- Unidad de Investigación/FIISC, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra s/n, La Cuesta, 38320 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, 35450 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Nicola A Grzeschik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, The University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine Rabouille
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, The University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Hubrecht Institute, University of Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ody C M Sibon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, The University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
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10
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Kuipers J, Giepmans BNG. Correction to: Neodymium as an alternative contrast for uranium in electron microscopy. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 154:683. [PMID: 32984927 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01922-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
After publication of our article, it has come to our attention that the legend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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11
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de Boer P, Pirozzi NM, Wolters AHG, Kuipers J, Kusmartseva I, Atkinson MA, Campbell-Thompson M, Giepmans BNG. Large-scale electron microscopy database for human type 1 diabetes. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2475. [PMID: 32424134 PMCID: PMC7235089 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16287-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune β-cell destruction leads to type 1 diabetes, but the pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. To help address this void, we created an open-access online repository, unprecedented in its size, composed of large-scale electron microscopy images ('nanotomy') of human pancreas tissue obtained from the Network for Pancreatic Organ donors with Diabetes (nPOD; www.nanotomy.org). Nanotomy allows analyses of complete donor islets with up to macromolecular resolution. Anomalies we found in type 1 diabetes included (i) an increase of 'intermediate cells' containing granules resembling those of exocrine zymogen and endocrine hormone secreting cells; and (ii) elevated presence of innate immune cells. These are our first results of mining the database and support recent findings that suggest that type 1 diabetes includes abnormalities in the exocrine pancreas that may induce endocrine cellular stress as a trigger for autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal de Boer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole M Pirozzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk H G Wolters
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Irina Kusmartseva
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mark A Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Martha Campbell-Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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12
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Abstract
Uranyl acetate is the standard contrasting agent in electron microscopy (EM), but it is toxic and radioactive. We reasoned neodymium acetate might substitute uranyl acetate as a contrasting agent, and we find that neodymium acetate indeed can replace uranyl acetate in several routine applications. Since neodymium acetate is not toxic, not radioactive and easy to use, we foresee neodymium will replace uranyl in many EM sample preparation applications worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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13
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Leng C, Overeem AW, Cartón-Garcia F, Li Q, Klappe K, Kuipers J, Cui Y, Zuhorn IS, Arango D, van IJzendoorn SCD. Loss of MYO5B expression deregulates late endosome size which hinders mitotic spindle orientation. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000531. [PMID: 31682603 PMCID: PMC6855566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recycling endosomes regulate plasma membrane recycling. Recently, recycling endosome–associated proteins have been implicated in the positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindle and cytokinesis. Loss of MYO5B, encoding the recycling endosome–associated myosin Vb, is associated with tumor development and tissue architecture defects in the gastrointestinal tract. Whether loss of MYO5B expression affects mitosis is not known. Here, we demonstrate that loss of MYO5B expression delayed cytokinesis, perturbed mitotic spindle orientation, led to the misorientation of the plane of cell division during the course of mitosis, and resulted in the delamination of epithelial cells. Remarkably, the effects on spindle orientation, but not cytokinesis, were a direct consequence of physical hindrance by giant late endosomes, which were formed in a chloride channel–sensitive manner concomitant with a redistribution of chloride channels from the cell periphery to late endosomes upon loss of MYO5B. Rab7 availability was identified as a limiting factor for the development of giant late endosomes. In accordance, increasing rab7 availability corrected mitotic spindle misorientation and cell delamination in cells lacking MYO5B expression. In conclusion, we identified a novel role for MYO5B in the regulation of late endosome size control and identify the inability to control late endosome size as an unexpected novel mechanism underlying defects in cell division orientation and epithelial architecture. Loss of the recycling endosome-associated motor protein myosin Vb causes the formation of giant late endo-lysosomes; these in turn hinder the orientation of the mitotic spindle and chromosome segregation. Deregulated endosome size thus hampers faithful cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsen Leng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, section Molecular Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arend W. Overeem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, section Molecular Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Fernando Cartón-Garcia
- Group of Biomedical Research in Digestive Tract Tumors, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Qinghong Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, section Molecular Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Karin Klappe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, section Molecular Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, section Molecular Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yingying Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Inge S. Zuhorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Diego Arango
- Group of Biomedical Research in Digestive Tract Tumors, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sven C. D. van IJzendoorn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, section Molecular Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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14
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Sáez T, de Vos P, Kuipers J, Sobrevia L, Faas MM. Exosomes derived from monocytes and from endothelial cells mediate monocyte and endothelial cell activation under high d-glucose conditions. Immunobiology 2019; 224:325-333. [PMID: 30827721 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) is characterized by hyperglycemia and associated with low grade inflammation affecting both endothelial cells and monocytes. Exosomes are nanovesicles, allow communication between endothelial cells and monocytes and have been associated with diabetic complications. In this study we evaluated whether high glucose can activate monocytes and endothelial cells and whether exosomes play a role in this activation. Moreover, we studied whether endothelial cells and monocytes communicate with each other via exosomes under high and basal glncubation. In the first experiment, monomac 6 cells (MM6) were exposed to high glucose (HG; 25 mmol/L) or to exosomes from MM6 exposed to HG (exoMM6-HG) or basal glucose (5.5 mmol/L) (exoMM6-BG). In the second experiment, MM6 were exposed to exosomes from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and HUVECs to exosomes from MM6. In the third experiment, MM6 and HUVECs were exposed to a mixture of exosomes from MM6 and HUVECs (exoMix). Cell activation was evaluated by measuring the protein surface expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) by flow cytometry. HG increased ICAM-1 expression in MM6 and monocytic exosomes from HG or BG shown similar effect in HG and BG MM6 cells. Exosomes from HUVECs increased ICAM-1 expression in MM6 cells, incubated under HG or BG, while also exosomes from MM6 increased ICAM-1 expression in HUVECs incubated under HG or BG. The combination of exosomes from both cell types (exoMixHG or exoMixBG) also increased ICAM-1 expression in both type cells in most conditions. However, the exoMixBG reversed the effect of HG in both MM6 and HUVECs. Our results show that HG activated monocytes and endothelial cells and that exosomes play a role in this HG-induced cell ICAM-1 expression. We hypothesize that during DMT2, exosomes may act as a communication mechanism between monocytes and endothelial cells, inducing and maintaining activating of both cell types in the presence of high glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Sáez
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands; Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Molecular Imaging and Electron Microscopy Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713 AZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, E-41012, Spain; University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia.
| | - Marijke M Faas
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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15
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Kuipers J, Moffa G, Kuipers E, Freeman D, Bebbington P. Links between psychotic and neurotic symptoms in the general population: an analysis of longitudinal British National Survey data using Directed Acyclic Graphs. Psychol Med 2019; 49:388-395. [PMID: 29808787 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718000879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-psychotic affective symptoms are important components of psychotic syndromes. They are frequent and are now thought to influence the emergence of paranoia and hallucinations. Evidence supporting this model of psychosis comes from recent cross-fertilising epidemiological and intervention studies. Epidemiological studies identify plausible targets for intervention but must be interpreted cautiously. Nevertheless, causal inference can be strengthened substantially using modern statistical methods. METHODS Directed Acyclic Graphs were used in a dynamic Bayesian network approach to learn the overall dependence structure of chosen variables. DAG-based inference identifies the most likely directional links between multiple variables, thereby locating them in a putative causal cascade. We used initial and 18-month follow-up data from the 2000 British National Psychiatric Morbidity survey (N = 8580 and N = 2406). RESULTS We analysed persecutory ideation, hallucinations, a range of affective symptoms and the effects of cannabis and problematic alcohol use. Worry was central to the links between symptoms, with plausible direct effects on insomnia, depressed mood and generalised anxiety, and recent cannabis use. Worry linked the other affective phenomena with paranoia. Hallucinations were connected only to worry and persecutory ideation. General anxiety, worry, sleep problems, and persecutory ideation were strongly self-predicting. Worry and persecutory ideation were connected over the 18-month interval in an apparent feedback loop. CONCLUSIONS These results have implications for understanding dynamic processes in psychosis and for targeting psychological interventions. The reciprocal influence of worry and paranoia implies that treating either symptom is likely to ameliorate the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kuipers
- D-BSSE, ETH Zurich,Basel,Switzerland
| | - G Moffa
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel,Basel,Switzerland
| | - E Kuipers
- Department of Psychology,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London,De Crespigny Park,London,UK
| | - D Freeman
- Department of Psychiatry,Warneford Hospital,University of Oxford,Oxford,UK
| | - P Bebbington
- Division of Psychiatry,University College London,London,UK
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16
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Petridis X, Beems BP, Tomson PL, Scheven B, Giepmans BNG, Kuipers J, van der Sluis LWM, Harmsen MC. Effect of Dentin Matrix Components on the Mineralization of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 25:1104-1115. [PMID: 30444193 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT This research has been conducted with the aim to contribute to the development of treatment modalities for the reconstruction of lost/damaged mineralized tissues. Currently, determining the most appropriate stromal cell population and signaling cues stands at the core of developing effective treatments. We provide new insights into the effect of innate inductive cues found in human dentin matrix components, on the osteogenic differentiation of various human stromal cell types. The effects of dentin extracellular matrix components on umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells have not been investigated before. The findings of this study could underpin translational research based on the development of techniques for mineralized tissue engineering and will be of great interest for the readership of Tissue Engineering Part A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenos Petridis
- 1Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bas P Beems
- 1Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Phillip L Tomson
- 2School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Scheven
- 2School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- 3Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- 3Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luc W M van der Sluis
- 1Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin C Harmsen
- 4Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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17
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Leung FKC, van den Enk T, Kajitani T, Chen J, Stuart MCA, Kuipers J, Fukushima T, Feringa BL. Supramolecular Packing and Macroscopic Alignment Controls Actuation Speed in Macroscopic Strings of Molecular Motor Amphiphiles. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:17724-17733. [PMID: 30462498 PMCID: PMC6302472 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Three-dimensional organized unidirectionally
aligned and responsive
supramolecular structures have much potential in adaptive materials
ranging from biomedical components to soft actuator systems. However,
to control the supramolecular structure of these stimuli responsive,
for example photoactive, materials and control their actuation remains
a major challenge. Toward the design of “artificial muscles”,
herein, we demonstrate an approach that allows hierarchical control
of the supramolecular structure, and as a consequence its photoactuation
function, by electrostatic interaction between motor amphiphiles (MA)
and counterions. Detailed insight into the effect of various ions
on structural parameters for self-assembly from nano- to micrometer
scale in water including nanofiber formation and nanofiber aggregation
as well as the packing structure, degree of alignment, and actuation
speed of the macroscopic MA strings prepared from various metal chlorides
solution, as determined by electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction,
and actuation speed measurements, is presented. Macroscopic MA strings
prepared from calcium and magnesium ions provide a high degree of
alignment and fast response photoactuation. By the selection of metal
ions and chain length of MAs, the macroscopic MA string structure
and function can be controlled, demonstrating the potential of generating
multiple photoresponsive supramolecular systems from an identical
molecular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco King-Chi Leung
- Center for System Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Tobias van den Enk
- Center for System Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Takashi Kajitani
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta , Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503 , Japan.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center , 1-1-1 Kouto , Sayo , Hyogo 679-5148 , Japan
| | - Jiawen Chen
- Center for System Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Marc C A Stuart
- Center for System Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, Molecular Imaging and Electron Microscopy, University Medical Center Groningen , University of Groningen , 9712 CP Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta , Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503 , Japan
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Center for System Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
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18
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Hajmousa G, Przybyt E, Pfister F, Paredes-Juarez GA, Moganti K, Busch S, Kuipers J, Klaassen I, van Luyn MJA, Krenning G, Hammes HP, Harmsen MC. Human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells act as functional pericytes in mice and suppress high-glucose-induced proinflammatory activation of bovine retinal endothelial cells. Diabetologia 2018; 61:2371-2385. [PMID: 30151615 PMCID: PMC6182662 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-018-4713-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The immunomodulatory capacity of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) is relevant for next-generation cell therapies that aim to reverse tissue dysfunction such as that caused by diabetes. Pericyte dropout from retinal capillaries underlies diabetic retinopathy and the subsequent aberrant angiogenesis. METHODS We investigated the pericytic function of ASCs after intravitreal injection of ASCs in mice with retinopathy of prematurity as a model for clinical diabetic retinopathy. In addition, ASCs influence their environment by paracrine signalling. For this, we assessed the immunomodulatory capacity of conditioned medium from cultured ASCs (ASC-Cme) on high glucose (HG)-stimulated bovine retinal endothelial cells (BRECs). RESULTS ASCs augmented and stabilised retinal angiogenesis and co-localised with capillaries at a pericyte-specific position. This indicates that cultured ASCs exert juxtacrine signalling in retinal microvessels. ASC-Cme alleviated HG-induced oxidative stress and its subsequent upregulation of downstream targets in an NF-κB dependent fashion in cultured BRECs. Functionally, monocyte adhesion to the monolayers of activated BRECs was also decreased by treatment with ASC-Cme and correlated with a decline in expression of adhesion-related genes such as SELE, ICAM1 and VCAM1. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The ability of ASC-Cme to immunomodulate HG-challenged BRECs is related to the length of time for which ASCs were preconditioned in HG medium. Conditioned medium from ASCs that had been chronically exposed to HG medium was able to normalise the HG-challenged BRECs to normal glucose levels. In contrast, conditioned medium from ASCs that had been exposed to HG medium for a shorter time did not have this effect. Our results show that the manner of HG preconditioning of ASCs dictates their immunoregulatory properties and thus the potential outcome of treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Hajmousa
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ewa Przybyt
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frederick Pfister
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Genaro A Paredes-Juarez
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kondaiah Moganti
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stephanie Busch
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, Molecular Imaging and Electron Microscopy, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg Klaassen
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Departments of Ophthalmology and Medical Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marja J A van Luyn
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Guido Krenning
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hans-Peter Hammes
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin C Harmsen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Guzman‐Chavez F, Salo O, Samol M, Ries M, Kuipers J, Bovenberg RAL, Vreeken RJ, Driessen AJM. Deregulation of secondary metabolism in a histone deacetylase mutant of Penicillium chrysogenum. Microbiologyopen 2018; 7:e00598. [PMID: 29575742 PMCID: PMC6182556 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pc21 g14570 gene of Penicillium chrysogenum encodes an ortholog of a class 2 histone deacetylase termed HdaA which may play a role in epigenetic regulation of secondary metabolism. Deletion of the hdaA gene induces a significant pleiotropic effect on the expression of a set of polyketide synthase (PKS) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS)-encoding genes. The deletion mutant exhibits a decreased conidial pigmentation that is related to a reduced expression of the PKS gene Pc21 g16000 (pks17) responsible for the production of the pigment precursor naphtha-γ-pyrone. Moreover, the hdaA deletion caused decreased levels of the yellow pigment chrysogine that is associated with the downregulation of the NRPS-encoding gene Pc21 g12630 and associated biosynthetic gene cluster. In contrast, transcriptional activation of the sorbicillinoids biosynthetic gene cluster occurred concomitantly with the overproduction of associated compounds . A new compound was detected in the deletion strain that was observed only under conditions of sorbicillinoids production, suggesting crosstalk between biosynthetic gene clusters. Our present results show that an epigenomic approach can be successfully applied for the activation of secondary metabolism in industrial strains of P. chrysogenum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Guzman‐Chavez
- Molecular MicrobiologyGroningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- Kluyver Centre for Genomics of Industrial FermentationsDelftThe Netherlands
| | - Oleksandr Salo
- Molecular MicrobiologyGroningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- Kluyver Centre for Genomics of Industrial FermentationsDelftThe Netherlands
| | - Marta Samol
- Molecular MicrobiologyGroningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- Kluyver Centre for Genomics of Industrial FermentationsDelftThe Netherlands
| | - Marco Ries
- Division of Analytical BiosciencesLeiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug ResearchLeidenThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics CentreLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell biologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Roel A. L. Bovenberg
- Synthetic Biology and Cell EngineeringGroningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- DSM Biotechnology CenterDelftThe Netherlands
| | - Rob J. Vreeken
- Division of Analytical BiosciencesLeiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug ResearchLeidenThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics CentreLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
- Present address:
Rob J. Vreeken, Discovery SciencesJanssen R &DBeerseBelgium
| | - Arnold J. M. Driessen
- Molecular MicrobiologyGroningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- Kluyver Centre for Genomics of Industrial FermentationsDelftThe Netherlands
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20
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Gabarrini G, Palma Medina LM, Stobernack T, Prins RC, du Teil Espina M, Kuipers J, Chlebowicz MA, Rossen JWA, van Winkelhoff AJ, van Dijl JM. There's no place like OM: Vesicular sorting and secretion of the peptidylarginine deiminase of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Virulence 2018; 9:456-464. [PMID: 29505395 PMCID: PMC5955434 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2017.1421827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the major periodontal agents and it has been recently hailed as a potential cause of the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis. In particular, the peptidylarginine deiminase enzyme of P. gingivalis (PPAD) has been implicated in the citrullination of certain host proteins and the subsequent appearance of antibodies against citrullinated proteins, which might play a role in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the extracellular localization of PPAD in a large panel of clinical P. gingivalis isolates. Here we show that all isolates produced PPAD. In most cases PPAD was abundantly present in secreted outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that are massively produced by P. gingivalis, and to minor extent in a soluble secreted state. Interestingly, a small subset of clinical isolates showed drastically reduced levels of the OMV-bound PPAD and secreted most of this enzyme in the soluble state. The latter phenotype is strictly associated with a lysine residue at position 373 in PPAD, implicating the more common glutamine residue at this position in PPAD association with OMVs. Further, one isolate displayed severely restricted vesiculation. Together, our findings show for the first time that neither the major association of PPAD with vesicles, nor P. gingivalis vesiculation per se, are needed for P. gingivalis interactions with the human host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Gabarrini
- a Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands.,b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Laura M Palma Medina
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Tim Stobernack
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Rianne C Prins
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Marines du Teil Espina
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- c Department of Cell Biology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Monika A Chlebowicz
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - John W A Rossen
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Arie Jan van Winkelhoff
- a Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands.,b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Jan Maarten van Dijl
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
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21
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Sáez T, de Vos P, Kuipers J, Sobrevia L, Faas MM. Fetoplacental endothelial exosomes modulate high d-glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction. Placenta 2018; 66:26-35. [PMID: 29884299 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with fetoplacental endothelial dysfunction, which may be induced by hyperglycemia. We hypothesized that endothelial exosomes, which are extracellular nanovesicles affecting endothelial function, play a role in the high glucose (HG)-induced endothelial dysfunction. METHODS Exosomes were isolated from HUVECs incubated with basal glucose (5.5 mmol/L; HUVEC- BG; exo-BG) and from HUVECs incubated with HG for 24 h (25 mmol/L; HUVEC-HG; exo-HG) in exosome-free medium. Exosomes were isolated and characterized by ultracentrifugation, sucrose gradient, electron microscopy, nanotracking analysis and Western blotting. HUVEC-BG and HUVEC-HG were exposed to exo-BG and exo-HG in two different concentrations: 5 μg and 1 μg exosome protein/mL. The exosomal effect on endothelial cell function was determined by wound healing assay, expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), human cationic amino acid transporter type 1 (hCAT-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and intracellular adhesion molecule type 1 (ICAM-1) by Western blotting, qPCR or flow cytometry. RESULTS HG increased the exosomal release from HUVECs, endothelial wound healing and expression of phosphorylated (P∼Ser1177)-eNOS, hCAT-1, VEGF and ICAM-1. Exo-HG also increased endothelial cell wound healing, P∼Ser1177-eNOS, hCAT-1 and ICAM-1 expression in HUVEC-BG. Exo-BG reverted the effect of HG on endothelial cell wound healing and hCAT-1 mRNA expression to normal values. DISCUSSION Our results show that HG may induce endothelial dysfunction in HUVECs and that exosomes from HUVEC-HG mimicked some of the effects of HG. This study contributes to the unraveling of the mechanism by which hyperglycemia affects the fetoplacental vasculature in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Sáez
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands; Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330024, Chile
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Molecular Imaging and Electron Microscopy, Dept Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen (UMCG), Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330024, Chile; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, E-41012, Spain; University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Marijke M Faas
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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22
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Kouijzer M, Kuipers J, Buitelaar-Gallé M, Van Egmond J, Ceha H, Van Santvoort J, Mast M. EP-2344: Evaluation of patient rotations using two positioning devices in pelvic radiation treatment. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)32653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Hoes MF, Grote Beverborg N, Kijlstra JD, Kuipers J, Swinkels DW, Giepmans BNG, Rodenburg RJ, van Veldhuisen DJ, de Boer RA, van der Meer P. Iron deficiency impairs contractility of human cardiomyocytes through decreased mitochondrial function. Eur J Heart Fail 2018; 20:910-919. [PMID: 29484788 PMCID: PMC5993224 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Iron deficiency is common in patients with heart failure and associated with a poor cardiac function and higher mortality. How iron deficiency impairs cardiac function on a cellular level in the human setting is unknown. This study aims to determine the direct effects of iron deficiency and iron repletion on human cardiomyocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes were depleted of iron by incubation with the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO). Mitochondrial respiration was determined by Seahorse Mito Stress test, and contractility was directly quantified using video analyses according to the BASiC method. The activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes was examined using spectrophotometric enzyme assays. Four days of iron depletion resulted in an 84% decrease in ferritin (P < 0.0001) and significantly increased gene expression of transferrin receptor 1 and divalent metal transporter 1 (both P < 0.001). Mitochondrial function was reduced in iron-deficient cardiomyocytes, in particular ATP-linked respiration and respiratory reserve were impaired (both P < 0.0001). Iron depletion affected mitochondrial function through reduced activity of the iron-sulfur cluster containing complexes I, II and III, but not complexes IV and V. Iron deficiency reduced cellular ATP levels by 74% (P < 0.0001) and reduced contractile force by 43% (P < 0.05). The maximum velocities during both systole and diastole were reduced by 64% and 85%, respectively (both P < 0.001). Supplementation of transferrin-bound iron recovered functional and morphological abnormalities within 3 days. CONCLUSION Iron deficiency directly affects human cardiomyocyte function, impairing mitochondrial respiration, and reducing contractility and relaxation. Restoration of intracellular iron levels can reverse these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn F Hoes
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Grote Beverborg
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J David Kijlstra
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorine W Swinkels
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, 830 Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, 774 Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Grudniewska M, Mouton S, Grelling M, Wolters AHG, Kuipers J, Giepmans BNG, Berezikov E. A novel flatworm-specific gene implicated in reproduction in Macrostomum lignano. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3192. [PMID: 29453392 PMCID: PMC5816591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Free-living flatworms, such as the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea, are extensively used as model organisms to study stem cells and regeneration. The majority of flatworm studies so far focused on broadly conserved genes. However, investigating what makes these animals different is equally informative for understanding its biology and might have biomedical value. We re-analyzed the neoblast and germline transcriptional signatures of the flatworm M. lignano using an improved transcriptome assembly and show that germline-enriched genes have a high fraction of flatworm-specific genes. We further identified the Mlig-sperm1 gene as a member of a novel gene family conserved only in free-living flatworms and essential for producing healthy spermatozoa. In addition, we established a whole-animal electron microscopy atlas (nanotomy) to visualize the ultrastructure of the testes in wild type worms, but also as a reference platform for different ultrastructural studies in M. lignano. This work demonstrates that investigation of flatworm-specific genes is crucial for understanding flatworm biology and establishes a basis for such future research in M. lignano.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Grudniewska
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stijn Mouton
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Margriet Grelling
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk H G Wolters
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eugene Berezikov
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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25
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Hillebrecht C, Wolff B, Kleine H, Baerwald C, Kuipers J. Use of Rheumatic Scores to Guide Therapeutic Decisions in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: Results of a Multicentre Study in Germany. AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-102955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Summary Background Rheumatology practice has seen an increasing development and use of scores to assess disease activity, loss of physical function, quality of life and radiographic damage. Study results, in particular for rheumatoid arthritis, demonstrate that target-oriented treatment concepts using scores lead to improved treatment results (Treat-to-Target).
Objective To review how frequently scores are used in daily rheumatological practice to assess disease activity, loss of physical function and treatment response in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and how much treatment decisions are influenced by the use of these scores.
Methods A Germany-wide prospective multicentre study 74 sites (61 rheumatologists in private practice and 13 hospital-based rheumatologists) documented the use of scores for assessing disease activity, treatment response, quality of life and imaging results in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) (18–83 years) over 3 consecutive visits. A total of 1 476 fully evaluable visits of 492 patients [326 (66.26%) men and 166 (33.74%) women] were recorded.
Results The most commonly used scores were BASDAI (n=1.134, 84% of all visits) and BASFI (n=500, 37.5%). At least one score was calculated in 1.335 visits (90.45%); a combination of several scores was calculated in 748 visits (50.68%). Only in 141 visits (9.55%) no scores were calculated at all. Scores were used independently of patients’ age, duration of treatment, medication, and treatment changes and region of the participating rheumatologist. Scores recording treatment response (ASAS response) or quality of life were recorded in a few cases only. The average influence of a score on a treatment decision was 5.67 on a scale from 0 to 10.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - C. Baerwald
- Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Section of Rheumatology
| | - J. Kuipers
- Rotes Kreuz Krankenhaus, Department of rheumatology
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26
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Hoffmann RF, Moshkin YM, Mouton S, Grzeschik NA, Kalicharan RD, Kuipers J, Wolters AHG, Nishida K, Romashchenko AV, Postberg J, Lipps H, Berezikov E, Sibon OCM, Giepmans BNG, Lansdorp PM. Guanine quadruplex structures localize to heterochromatin. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:6253. [PMID: 28449026 PMCID: PMC5449592 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roland F Hoffmann
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuri M Moshkin
- Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, NL-3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stijn Mouton
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola A Grzeschik
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruby D Kalicharan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk H G Wolters
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kazuki Nishida
- Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Aleksander V Romashchenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, NL-3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Jan Postberg
- Helios Medical Centre Wuppertal, Paediatrics Centre, Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Hans Lipps
- Institute of Cell Biology, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Eugene Berezikov
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.,Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Ody C M Sibon
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M Lansdorp
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.,Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
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Thiruvalluvan A, Czepiel M, Kap YA, Mantingh-Otter I, Vainchtein I, Kuipers J, Bijlard M, Baron W, Giepmans B, Brück W, 't Hart BA, Boddeke E, Copray S. Survival and Functionality of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Oligodendrocytes in a Nonhuman Primate Model for Multiple Sclerosis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:1550-1561. [PMID: 27400790 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2016-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
: Fast remyelination by endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) is essential to prevent axonal and subsequent retrograde neuronal degeneration in demyelinating lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS). In chronic lesions, however, the remyelination capacity of OPCs becomes insufficient. Cell therapy with exogenous remyelinating cells may be a strategy to replace the failing endogenous OPCs. Here, we differentiated human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into OPCs and validated their proper functionality in vitro as well as in vivo in mouse models for MS. Next, we intracerebrally injected hiPSC-derived OPCs in a nonhuman primate (marmoset) model for progressive MS; the grafted OPCs specifically migrated toward the MS-like lesions in the corpus callosum where they myelinated denuded axons. hiPSC-derived OPCs may become the first therapeutic tool to address demyelination and neurodegeneration in the progressive forms of MS. SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrates for the first time that human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), after intracortical implantation in a nonhuman primate model for progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), migrate to the lesions and remyelinate denuded axons. These findings imply that human iPSC-OPCs can be a therapeutic tool for MS. The results of this feasibility study on the potential use of hiPSC-derived OPCs are of great importance for all MS researchers focusing on the stimulation of remyelination in MS patients. Further optimization and research on practical issues related to the safe production and administration of iPSC-derived cell grafts will likely lead to a first clinical trial in a small group of secondary progressive MS patients. This would be the first specific therapeutic approach aimed at restoring myelination and rescuing axons in MS patients, since there is no treatment available for this most debilitating aspect of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Thiruvalluvan
- Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marcin Czepiel
- Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yolanda A Kap
- Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Ietje Mantingh-Otter
- Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ilia Vainchtein
- Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Bijlard
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wia Baron
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Giepmans
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Brück
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bert A 't Hart
- Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Boddeke
- Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sjef Copray
- Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Op den Dries S, Karimian N, Westerkamp AC, Sutton ME, Kuipers M, Wiersema-Buist J, Ottens PJ, Kuipers J, Giepmans BN, Leuvenink HGD, Lisman T, Porte RJ. Normothermic machine perfusion reduces bile duct injury and improves biliary epithelial function in rat donor livers. Liver Transpl 2016; 22:994-1005. [PMID: 26946466 DOI: 10.1002/lt.24436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bile duct injury may occur during liver procurement and transplantation, especially in livers from donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors. Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) has been shown to reduce hepatic injury compared to static cold storage (SCS). However, it is unknown whether NMP provides better preservation of bile ducts. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of NMP on bile duct preservation in both DCD and non-DCD livers. DCD and non-DCD livers obtained from Lewis rats were preserved for 3 hours using either SCS or NMP, followed by 2 hours ex vivo reperfusion. Biomarkers of bile duct injury (gamma-glutamyltransferase and lactate dehydrogenase in bile) were lower in NMP-preserved livers compared to SCS-preserved livers. Biliary bicarbonate concentration, reflecting biliary epithelial function, was 2-fold higher in NMP-preserved livers (P < 0.01). In parallel with this, the pH of the bile was significantly higher in NMP-preserved livers (7.63 ± 0.02 and 7.74 ± 0.05 for non-DCD and DCD livers, respectively) compared with SCS-preserved livers (7.46 ± 0.02 and 7.49 ± 0.04 for non-DCD and DCD livers, respectively). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of donor extrahepatic bile ducts demonstrated significantly decreased injury of the biliary epithelium of NMP-preserved donor livers (including the loss of lateral interdigitations and mitochondrial injury). Differences between NMP and SCS were most prominent in DCD livers. Compared to conventional SCS, NMP provides superior preservation of bile duct epithelial cell function and morphology, especially in DCD donor livers. By reducing biliary injury, NMP could have an important impact on the utilization of DCD livers and outcome after transplantation. Liver Transplantation 22 994-1005 2016 AASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Op den Dries
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Surgical Research Laboratory, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Negin Karimian
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Surgical Research Laboratory, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrie C Westerkamp
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Surgical Research Laboratory, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael E Sutton
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Surgical Research Laboratory, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Kuipers
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Surgical Research Laboratory, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke Wiersema-Buist
- Surgical Research Laboratory, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Petra J Ottens
- Surgical Research Laboratory, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ben N Giepmans
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henri G D Leuvenink
- Surgical Research Laboratory, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ton Lisman
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Surgical Research Laboratory, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert J Porte
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Kuipers J, Kalicharan RD, Wolters AHG, van Ham TJ, Giepmans BNG. Large-scale Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (Nanotomy) of Healthy and Injured Zebrafish Brain. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27285162 PMCID: PMC4927742 DOI: 10.3791/53635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale 2D electron microscopy (EM), or nanotomy, is the tissue-wide application of nanoscale resolution electron microscopy. Others and we previously applied large scale EM to human skin pancreatic islets, tissue culture and whole zebrafish larvae1-7. Here we describe a universally applicable method for tissue-scale scanning EM for unbiased detection of sub-cellular and molecular features. Nanotomy was applied to investigate the healthy and a neurodegenerative zebrafish brain. Our method is based on standardized EM sample preparation protocols: Fixation with glutaraldehyde and osmium, followed by epoxy-resin embedding, ultrathin sectioning and mounting of ultrathin-sections on one-hole grids, followed by post staining with uranyl and lead. Large-scale 2D EM mosaic images are acquired using a scanning EM connected to an external large area scan generator using scanning transmission EM (STEM). Large scale EM images are typically ~ 5 - 50 G pixels in size, and best viewed using zoomable HTML files, which can be opened in any web browser, similar to online geographical HTML maps. This method can be applied to (human) tissue, cross sections of whole animals as well as tissue culture1-5. Here, zebrafish brains were analyzed in a non-invasive neuronal ablation model. We visualize within a single dataset tissue, cellular and subcellular changes which can be quantified in various cell types including neurons and microglia, the brain's macrophages. In addition, nanotomy facilitates the correlation of EM with light microscopy (CLEM)8 on the same tissue, as large surface areas previously imaged using fluorescent microscopy, can subsequently be subjected to large area EM, resulting in the nano-anatomy (nanotomy) of tissues. In all, nanotomy allows unbiased detection of features at EM level in a tissue-wide quantifiable manner.
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Smink AM, de Haan BJ, Paredes-Juarez GA, Wolters AHG, Kuipers J, Giepmans BNG, Schwab L, Engelse MA, van Apeldoorn AA, de Koning E, Faas MM, de Vos P. Selection of polymers for application in scaffolds applicable for human pancreatic islet transplantation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:035006. [PMID: 27173149 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/3/035006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The liver is currently the site for transplantation of islets in humans. This is not optimal for islets, but alternative sites in humans are not available. Polymeric scaffolds in surgically accessible areas are a solution. As human donors are rare, the polymers should not interfere with functional survival of human-islets. We applied a novel platform to test the adequacy of polymers for application in scaffolds for human-islet transplantation. Viability, functionality, and immune parameters were included to test poly(D,L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PDLLCL), poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)/polybutylene terephthalate (PEOT/PBT) block copolymer, and polysulfone. The type of polymer influenced the functional survival of human islets. In islets cultured on PDLLCL the glucagon-producing α-cells and insulin-producing β-cells contained more hormone granules than in islets in contact with PEOT/PBT or polysulfone. This was studied with ultrastructural analysis by electron microscopy (nanotomy) during 7 d of culture. PDLLCL was also associated with statistically significant lower release of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA, a so called danger-associate molecular pattern (DAMP)) from islets on PDLLCL when compared to the other polymers. DAMPs support undesired immune responses. Hydrophilicity of the polymers did not influence dsDNA release. Islets on PDLLCL also showed less cellular outgrowth. These outgrowing cells were mainly fibroblast and some β-cells undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal cell transition. None of the polymers influenced the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. As PDLLCL was associated with less release of DAMPs, it is a promising candidate for creating a scaffold for human islets. Our study demonstrates that for sensitive, rare cadaveric donor tissue such as pancreatic islets it might be necessary to first select materials that do not influence functionality before proposing the biomaterial for in vivo application. Our presented platform may facilitate this selection of biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Smink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Section of Immunoendocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, EA11, 9700 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
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de Vos P, Smink AM, Paredes G, Lakey JRT, Kuipers J, Giepmans BNG, de Haan BJ, Faas MM. Enzymes for Pancreatic Islet Isolation Impact Chemokine-Production and Polarization of Insulin-Producing β-Cells with Reduced Functional Survival of Immunoisolated Rat Islet-Allografts as a Consequence. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147992. [PMID: 26824526 PMCID: PMC4732769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to determine whether normal variations in enzyme-activities of collagenases applied for rat-islet isolation impact longevity of encapsulated islet grafts. Also we studied the functional and immunological properties of rat islets isolated with different enzyme preparations to determine whether this impacts these parameters. Rat-islets were isolated from the pancreas with two different collagenases with commonly accepted collagenase, neutral protease, and clostripain activities. Islets had a similar and acceptable glucose-induced insulin-release profile but a profound statistical significant difference in production of the chemokines IP-10 and Gro-α. The islets were studied with nanotomy which is an EM-based technology for unbiased study of ultrastructural features of islets such as cell-cell contacts, endocrine-cell condition, ER stress, mitochondrial conditions, and cell polarization. The islet-batch with higher chemokine-production had a lower amount of polarized insulin-producing β-cells. All islets had more intercellular spaces and less interconnected areas with tight cell-cell junctions when compared to islets in the pancreas. Islet-graft function was studied by implanting encapsulated and free islet grafts in rat recipients. Alginate-based encapsulated grafts isolated with the enzyme-lot inducing higher chemokine production and lower polarization survived for a two-fold shorter period of time. The lower survival-time of the encapsulated grafts was correlated with a higher influx of inflammatory cells at 7 days after implantation. Islets from the same two batches transplanted as free unencapsulated-graft, did not show any difference in survival or function in vivo. Lack of insight in factors contributing to the current lab-to-lab variation in longevity of encapsulated islet-grafts is considered to be a threat for clinical application. Our data suggest that seemingly minor variations in activity of enzymes applied for islet-isolation might contribute to longevity-variations of immunoisolated islet-grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, department of Pathology and Medical biology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Alexandra M. Smink
- Immunoendocrinology, department of Pathology and Medical biology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Genaro Paredes
- Immunoendocrinology, department of Pathology and Medical biology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan R. T. Lakey
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, United States of America
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P. O. Box 196, 9700 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N. G. Giepmans
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P. O. Box 196, 9700 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J. de Haan
- Immunoendocrinology, department of Pathology and Medical biology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke M. Faas
- Immunoendocrinology, department of Pathology and Medical biology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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Hodik M, Skog O, Lukinius A, Isaza-Correa JM, Kuipers J, Giepmans BNG, Frisk G. Enterovirus infection of human islets of Langerhans affects β-cell function resulting in disintegrated islets, decreased glucose stimulated insulin secretion and loss of Golgi structure. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2016; 4:e000179. [PMID: 27547409 PMCID: PMC4985798 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2015-000179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS In type 1 diabetes (T1D), most insulin-producing β cells are destroyed, but the trigger is unknown. One of the possible triggers is a virus infection and the aim of this study was to test if enterovirus infection affects glucose stimulated insulin secretion and the effect of virus replication on cellular macromolecules and organelles involved in insulin secretion. METHODS Isolated human islets were infected with different strains of coxsackievirus B (CVB) virus and the glucose-stimulated insulin release (GSIS) was measured in a dynamic perifusion system. Classical morphological electron microscopy, large-scale electron microscopy, so-called nanotomy, and immunohistochemistry were used to study to what extent virus-infected β cells contained insulin, and real-time PCR was used to analyze virus induced changes of islet specific genes. RESULTS In islets infected with CVB, GSIS was reduced in correlation with the degree of virus-induced islet disintegration. The expression of the gene encoding insulin was decreased in infected islets, whereas the expression of glucagon was not affected. Also, in islets that were somewhat disintegrated, there were uninfected β cells. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that virus particles and virus replication complexes were only present in β cells. There was a significant number of insulin granules remaining in the virus-infected β cells, despite decreased expression of insulin mRNA. In addition, no typical Golgi apparatus was detected in these cells. Exposure of islets to synthetic dsRNA potentiated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion; organelles involved in insulin secretion and gene expression were all affected by CVB replication in β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hodik
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - O Skog
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - A Lukinius
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J M Isaza-Correa
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B N G Giepmans
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - G Frisk
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Snijder PM, Baratashvili M, Grzeschik NA, Leuvenink HGD, Kuijpers L, Huitema S, Schaap O, Giepmans BNG, Kuipers J, Miljkovic JL, Mitrovic A, Bos EM, Szabó C, Kampinga HH, Dijkers PF, Bos EM, Szabó C, Kampinga HH, Dijkers PF, Dunnen WFAD, Filipovic MR, Goor HV, Sibon OCM. Overexpression of Cystathionine γ-Lyase Suppresses Detrimental Effects of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3. Mol Med 2015; 21:758-768. [PMID: 26467707 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2015.00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a polyglutamine (polyQ) disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the ataxin-3 (ATXN3) gene resulting in toxic protein aggregation. Inflammation and oxidative stress are considered secondary factors contributing to the progression of this neurodegenerative disease. There is no cure that halts or reverses the progressive neurodegeneration of SCA3. Here we show that overexpression of cystathionine γ-lyase, a central enzyme in cysteine metabolism, is protective in a Drosophila model for SCA3. SCA3 flies show eye degeneration, increased oxidative stress, insoluble protein aggregates, reduced levels of protein persulfidation and increased activation of the innate immune response. Overexpression of Drosophila cystathionine γ-lyase restores protein persulfidation, decreases oxidative stress, dampens the immune response and improves SCA3-associated tissue degeneration. Levels of insoluble protein aggregates are not altered; therefore, the data implicate a modifying role of cystathionine γ-lyase in ameliorating the downstream consequence of protein aggregation leading to protection against SCA3-induced tissue degeneration. The cystathionine γ-lyase expression is decreased in affected brain tissue of SCA3 patients, suggesting that enhancers of cystathionine γ-lyase expression or activity are attractive candidates for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline M Snijder
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Madina Baratashvili
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicola A Grzeschik
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henri G D Leuvenink
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lucas Kuijpers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sippie Huitema
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Onno Schaap
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- UMCG Microscopy and Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- UMCG Microscopy and Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Lj Miljkovic
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Eelke M Bos
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Csaba Szabó
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Harm H Kampinga
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pascale F Dijkers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eelke M Bos
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Csaba Szabó
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Harm H Kampinga
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pascale F Dijkers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wilfred F A den Dunnen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Milos R Filipovic
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ody C M Sibon
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Hoffmann RF, Moshkin YM, Mouton S, Grzeschik NA, Kalicharan RD, Kuipers J, Wolters AHG, Nishida K, Romashchenko AV, Postberg J, Lipps H, Berezikov E, Sibon OCM, Giepmans BNG, Lansdorp PM. Guanine quadruplex structures localize to heterochromatin. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 44:152-63. [PMID: 26384414 PMCID: PMC4705689 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing amounts of data support a role for guanine quadruplex (G4) DNA and RNA structures in various cellular processes. We stained different organisms with monoclonal antibody 1H6 specific for G4 DNA. Strikingly, immuno-electron microscopy showed exquisite specificity for heterochromatin. Polytene chromosomes from Drosophila salivary glands showed bands that co-localized with heterochromatin proteins HP1 and the SNF2 domain-containing protein SUUR. Staining was retained in SUUR knock-out mutants but lost upon overexpression of SUUR. Somatic cells in Macrostomum lignano were strongly labeled, but pluripotent stem cells labeled weakly. Similarly, germline stem cells in Drosophila ovaries were weakly labeled compared to most other cells. The unexpected presence of G4 structures in heterochromatin and the difference in G4 staining between somatic cells and stem cells with germline DNA in ciliates, flatworms, flies and mammals point to a conserved role for G4 structures in nuclear organization and cellular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland F Hoffmann
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuri M Moshkin
- Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, NL-3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stijn Mouton
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola A Grzeschik
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruby D Kalicharan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk H G Wolters
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kazuki Nishida
- Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Aleksander V Romashchenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, NL-3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Jan Postberg
- Helios Medical Centre Wuppertal, Paediatrics Centre, Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Hans Lipps
- Institute of Cell Biology, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Eugene Berezikov
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Ody C M Sibon
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M Lansdorp
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
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Kuipers J, de Boer P, Giepmans BNG. Scanning EM of non-heavy metal stained biosamples: Large-field of view, high contrast and highly efficient immunolabeling. Exp Cell Res 2015; 337:202-7. [PMID: 26272543 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is increasing its application in life sciences for electron density measurements of ultrathin sections. These are traditionally analyzed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM); by most labs, SEM analysis still is associated with surface imaging only. Here we report several advantages of SEM for thin sections over TEM, both for structural inspection, as well as analyzing immuno-targeted labels such as quantum dots (QDs) and gold, where we find that QD-labeling is ten times more efficient than gold-labeling. Furthermore, we find that omitting post-staining with uranyl and lead leads to QDs readily detectable over the ultrastructure, but under these conditions ultrastructural contrast was even almost invisible in TEM examination. Importantly, imaging in SEM with STEM detection leads to both outstanding QDs and ultrastructural contrast. STEM imaging is superior over back-scattered electron imaging of these non-contrasted samples, whereas secondary electron detection cannot be used at all. We conclude that examination of ultrathin sections by SEM, which may be immunolabeled with QDs, will allow rapid and straightforward analysis of large fields with more efficient labeling than can be achieved with immunogold. The large fields of view routinely achieved with SEM, but not with TEM, allows straightforward raw data sharing using virtual microscopy, also known as nanotomy when this concerns EM data in the life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal de Boer
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Capala ME, Maat H, Bonardi F, van den Boom V, Kuipers J, Vellenga E, Giepmans BNG, Schuringa JJ. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Leukemic Stem/Progenitor Cells upon Loss of RAC2. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128585. [PMID: 26016997 PMCID: PMC4446344 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) reside within bone marrow niches that maintain their relatively quiescent state and convey resistance to conventional treatment. Many of the microenvironmental signals converge on RAC GTPases. Although it has become clear that RAC proteins fulfill important roles in the hematopoietic compartment, little has been revealed about the downstream effectors and molecular mechanisms. We observed that in BCR-ABL-transduced human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) depletion of RAC2 but not RAC1 induced a marked and immediate decrease in proliferation, progenitor frequency, cobblestone formation and replating capacity, indicative for reduced self-renewal. Cell cycle analyses showed reduced cell cycle activity in RAC2-depleted BCR-ABL leukemic cobblestones coinciding with an increased apoptosis. Moreover, a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential was observed upon RAC2 downregulation, paralleled by severe mitochondrial ultrastructural malformations as determined by automated electron microscopy. Proteome analysis revealed that RAC2 specifically interacted with a set of mitochondrial proteins including mitochondrial transport proteins SAM50 and Metaxin 1, and interactions were confirmed in independent co-immunoprecipitation studies. Downregulation of SAM50 also impaired the proliferation and replating capacity of BCR-ABL-expressing cells, again associated with a decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Taken together, these data suggest an important role for RAC2 in maintaining mitochondrial integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta E. Capala
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henny Maat
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Francesco Bonardi
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent van den Boom
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Edo Vellenga
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ben N. G. Giepmans
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Jacob Schuringa
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Kuipers J, van Ham TJ, Kalicharan RD, Veenstra-Algra A, Sjollema KA, Dijk F, Schnell U, Giepmans BNG. FLIPPER, a combinatorial probe for correlated live imaging and electron microscopy, allows identification and quantitative analysis of various cells and organelles. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 360:61-70. [PMID: 25786736 PMCID: PMC4379394 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ultrastructural examination of cells and tissues by electron microscopy (EM) yields detailed information on subcellular structures. However, EM is typically restricted to small fields of view at high magnification; this makes quantifying events in multiple large-area sample sections extremely difficult. Even when combining light microscopy (LM) with EM (correlated LM and EM: CLEM) to find areas of interest, the labeling of molecules is still a challenge. We present a new genetically encoded probe for CLEM, named "FLIPPER", which facilitates quantitative analysis of ultrastructural features in cells. FLIPPER consists of a fluorescent protein (cyan, green, orange, or red) for LM visualization, fused to a peroxidase allowing visualization of targets at the EM level. The use of FLIPPER is straightforward and because the module is completely genetically encoded, cells can be optimally prepared for EM examination. We use FLIPPER to quantify cellular morphology at the EM level in cells expressing a normal and disease-causing point-mutant cell-surface protein called EpCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule). The mutant protein is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and could therefore alter ER function and morphology. To reveal possible ER alterations, cells were co-transfected with color-coded full-length or mutant EpCAM and a FLIPPER targeted to the ER. CLEM examination of the mixed cell population allowed color-based cell identification, followed by an unbiased quantitative analysis of the ER ultrastructure by EM. Thus, FLIPPER combines bright fluorescent proteins optimized for live imaging with high sensitivity for EM labeling, thereby representing a promising tool for CLEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tjakko J. van Ham
- Present Address: Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruby D. Kalicharan
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke Veenstra-Algra
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas A. Sjollema
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Freark Dijk
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrike Schnell
- Present Address: Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex. USA
| | - Ben N. G. Giepmans
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Sokol E, Kramer D, Diercks GFH, Kuipers J, Jonkman MF, Pas HH, Giepmans BNG. Large-Scale Electron Microscopy Maps of Patient Skin and Mucosa Provide Insight into Pathogenesis of Blistering Diseases. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:1763-1770. [PMID: 25789704 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale electron microscopy ("nanotomy") allows straight forward ultrastructural examination of tissue, cells, organelles, and macromolecules in a single data set. Such data set equals thousands of conventional electron microscopy images and is freely accessible (www.nanotomy.org). The software allows zooming in and out of the image from total overview to nanometer scale resolution in a 'Google Earth' approach. We studied the life-threatening human autoimmune blistering disease pemphigus, using nanotomy. The pathomechanism of cell-cell separation (acantholysis) that underlies the blistering is poorly understood. Ultrastructural examination of pemphigus tissue revealed previously unreported findings: (i) the presence of double-membrane structures between cells in all pemphigus types; (ii) the absence of desmosomes around spontaneous blisters in pemphigus foliaceus (PF); (iii) lower level blistering in PF when force induced; and (iv) intercellular widening at non-acantholytic cell layers. Thus, nanotomy delivers open-source electron microscopic maps of patient tissue, which can be analyzed for additional anomalies from any computer by experts from different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ena Sokol
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Center for Blistering Diseases, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Duco Kramer
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Blistering Diseases, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gilles F H Diercks
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Blistering Diseases, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel F Jonkman
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Blistering Diseases, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hendri H Pas
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Blistering Diseases, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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van Ham TJ, Brady CA, Kalicharan RD, Oosterhof N, Kuipers J, Veenstra-Algra A, Sjollema KA, Peterson RT, Kampinga HH, Giepmans BNG. Intravital correlated microscopy reveals differential macrophage and microglial dynamics during resolution of neuroinflammation. Dis Model Mech 2015; 7:857-69. [PMID: 24973753 PMCID: PMC4073275 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.014886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Many brain diseases involve activation of resident and peripheral immune cells to clear damaged and dying neurons. Which immune cells respond in what way to cues related to brain disease, however, remains poorly understood. To elucidate these in vivo immunological events in response to brain cell death we used genetically targeted cell ablation in zebrafish. Using intravital microscopy and large-scale electron microscopy, we defined the kinetics and nature of immune responses immediately following injury. Initially, clearance of dead cells occurs by mononuclear phagocytes, including resident microglia and macrophages of peripheral origin, whereas amoeboid microglia are exclusively involved at a later stage. Granulocytes, on the other hand, do not migrate towards the injury. Remarkably, following clearance, phagocyte numbers decrease, partly by phagocyte cell death and subsequent engulfment of phagocyte corpses by microglia. Here, we identify differential temporal involvement of microglia and peripheral macrophages in clearance of dead cells in the brain, revealing the chronological sequence of events in neuroinflammatory resolution. Remarkably, recruited phagocytes undergo cell death and are engulfed by microglia. Because adult zebrafish treated at the larval stage lack signs of pathology, it is likely that this mode of resolving immune responses in brain contributes to full tissue recovery. Therefore, these findings suggest that control of such immune cell behavior could benefit recovery from neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjakko J van Ham
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Colleen A Brady
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Ruby D Kalicharan
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nynke Oosterhof
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke Veenstra-Algra
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas A Sjollema
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Randall T Peterson
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Harm H Kampinga
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Albrecht K, Englbrecht M, Baerwald C, Feist E, Fleck M, Gromnica-Ihle E, Köhler L, Kötter I, Kneitz C, Krüger K, Kuipers J, Nüßlein H, Rubbert-Roth A, Wollenhaupt J, Schneider M, Manger B, Müller-Ladner U, Tarner I. Nationale und multinationale evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen für die medikamentöse Schmerztherapie der entzündlichen Gelenkerkrankungen: systematische Literaturrecherche und Expertenmeinung in der 3e Initiative. AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1387730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Albrecht
- Lehrstuhl für Innere Medizin mit Schwerpunkt Rheumatologie der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Abt. für Rheumatologie, Klinische Immunologie, Osteologie und Physikalische Medizin, Kerckhoff-Klinik, Bad Nauheim
| | - M. Englbrecht
- Medizinische Klinik 3, Rheumatologie und Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
| | - C. Baerwald
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Gastroenterologie und Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig
| | - E. Feist
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - M. Fleck
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Rheumatologie/Klinische Immunologie, Asklepios Klinikum, Bad Abbach
| | - E. Gromnica-Ihle
- Internistin/Rheumatologin, Chefärztin Rheumaklinik Berlin-Buch a.D
| | - L. Köhler
- Internist/Rheumatologe, Rheumatologische Facharztpraxis, Hannover
| | - I. Kötter
- Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Abt. für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Nephrologie, und rheumatologische Schwerpunktpraxis, Stuttgart
| | - C. Kneitz
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum Südstadt, Rostock
| | - K. Krüger
- Internist/Rheumatologe, Praxiszentrum St. Bonifatius, München
| | - J. Kuipers
- Klinik für Internistische Rheumatologie, Rotes Kreuz Krankenhaus, Bremen
| | - H. Nüßlein
- Internist/Rheumatologe, Rheumatologische Praxis, Nürnberg
| | | | - J. Wollenhaupt
- Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Allgemeines Krankenhaus Eilbek, Hamburg
| | - M. Schneider
- Poliklinik für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf
| | - B. Manger
- Lehrstuhl für Innere Medizin mit Schwerpunkt Rheumatologie der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Abt. für Rheumatologie, Klinische Immunologie, Osteologie und Physikalische Medizin, Kerckhoff-Klinik, Bad Nauheim
| | - U. Müller-Ladner
- Medizinische Klinik 3, Rheumatologie und Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
| | - I. Tarner
- Medizinische Klinik 3, Rheumatologie und Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
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van Santvoort J, Van der Drift M, Kuipers J, Mast M, Van Egmond J, Struikmans H. SU-E-J-201: Position Verification in Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Using Tantalum Clips in the Lumpectomy Cavity. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Humalda JK, Assa S, Navis GJ, Franssen CFM, De Borst MH, Ogawa H, Ota Y, Watanabe T, Watanabe Y, Nishii H, Sato A, Waniewski J, Debowska M, Wojcik-Zaluska A, Ksiazek A, Zaluska W, Guastoni CM, Turri C, Toma L, Rombola G, Frattini G, Romei Longhena G, Teatini U, Siriopol DC, Stuard S, Ciolan A, Mircescu G, Raluca D, Nistor I, Covic A, De Roij Van Zuijdewijn CL, Chapdelaine I, Nube MJ, Blankestijn PJ, Bots ML, Konings SJ, Van Den Dorpel MA, Van Der Weerd NC, Ter Wee PM, Grooteman MP, Djuric PS, Jankovic A, Tosic J, Bajcetic S, Damjanovic T, Popovic J, Dimkovic N, Dimkovic N, Marinkovic J, Djuric Z, Knezevic V, Lazarevic T, Ljubenovic S, Markovic R, Rabrenovic V, Djukanovic L, Djuric PS, Popovic J, Jankovic A, Tosic J, Radovic Maslarevic V, Dimkovic N, Mathrani V, Drew P, Chess JI, Williams AI, Robertson S, Jibani M, Aithal VI, Kumwenda M, Roberts G, Mikhail AI, Grzegorzewska AE, Ostromecki G, Mostowska A, Sowi ska A, Jagodzi ski PP, Wu HY, Chen HY, Hsu SP, Pai MF, Yang JY, Peng YS, Hirose M, Hasegawa T, Kaneshima N, Sasai F, Komukai D, Takahashi K, Koiwa F, Shishido K, Yoshimura A, Selim G, Stojceva-Taneva O, Tozija L, Dzekova-Vidimliski P, Trajceska L, Petronievic Z, Gelev S, Amitov V, Sikole A, Moon SJ, Yoon SY, Shin DH, Lee JE, Kim HJ, Park HC, Hadjiyannakos D, Filiopoulos V, Loukas G, Pagonis S, Andriopoulos C, Drakou A, Vlassopoulos D, Catarino C, Cunha P, Ribeiro S, Rocha-Pereira P, Reis F, Sameiro-Faria M, Miranda V, Bronze-Rocha E, Belo L, Costa E, Santos-Silva A, De Mauri A, Brambilla M, Chiarinotti D, Lizio D, Matheoud R, Conti N, Conte MM, Carriero A, De Leo M, Karpetas AV, Sarafidis PA, Georgianos PI, Koutroumpas G, Divanis D, Vakianis P, Tzanis G, Raptopoulou K, Protogerou A, Stamatiadis D, Syrganis C, Liakopoulos V, Efstratiadis G, Lasaridis AN, Georgianos PI, Sarafidis PA, Karpetas AV, Koutroumpas G, Divanis D, Tersi M, Tzanis G, Raptopoulou K, Protogerou A, Syrganis C, Stamatiadis DN, Liakopoulos V, Efstratiadis G, Lasaridis AN, Kuczera P, Adamczak M, Wiecek A, Bove S, Giacon B, Corradini R, Prati E, Brognoli M, Tommasi A, Sereni L, Palladino G, Moriya H, Mochida Y, Ishioka K, Oka M, Maesato K, Hidaka S, Ohtake T, Kobayashi S, Moura A, Madureira J, Alija P, Fernandes JC, Oliveira JG, Lopez M, Filgueiras M, Amado L, Miranda V, Sameiro-Faria M, Vieira M, Santos-Silva A, Costa E, Lee JE, Seok JH, Choi HY, Ha SK, Park HC, Bossola M, Laudisio A, Antocicco M, Tazza L, Colloca G, Tosato M, Zuccala G, Ettema EM, Kuipers J, Assa S, Groen H, Gansevoort RT, Stade K, Bakker SJL, Gaillard CAJM, Westerhuis R, Franssen CFM, Bacchetta J, Couchoud K, Semlali S, Sellier-Leclerc AL, Bertholet-Thomas A, Cartier R, Cochat P, Ranchin B, Kim JC, Park K, Van Ende C, Wilmes D, Lecouvet FE, Labriola L, Cuvelier R, Van Ingelgem G, Jadoul M, De Mauri A, Doriana C, Brambilla M, Matheoud R, David P, Capurro F, Brustia M, Ruva CE, De Leo M, Bossola M, Giungi S, Di Stasio E, Tazza L, Lemesch S, Leber B, Horvath A, Ribitsch W, Schilcher G, Zettel G, Tawdrous M, Rosenkranz AR, Stadlbauer-Kollner V, Matsushima H, Oyama A, Bosch Benitez-Parodi E, Baamonde Laborda E, Batista Garcia F, Perez Suarez G, Anton Perez G, Garcia Canton C, Toledo Gonzalez A, Lago Alonso MM, Checa Andres MD, Cobo G, Di Gioia C, Camacho R, Garcia Lacalle C, Ortega O, Rodriguez I, Herrero J, Oliet A, Ortiz M, Mon C, Vigil A, Gallar P, Bossola M, Pellu V, Di Stasio E, Giungi S, Nebiolo PE, Sasaki K, Yamguchi S, Hesaka A, Iwahashi E, Sakai S, Fujimoto T, Minami S, Fujita Y, Yokoyama K, Shutov E, Ryabinskya G, Lashutin S, Gorelova E, Volodicheva E, Podesta MA, Cancarini G, Cucchiari D, Montanelli A, Badalamenti S, Graziani G, Bossola M, Distasio E, Tazza L, Pchelin I, Shishkin A, Fedorova Y, Kao CC, Chu TS, Tsai TJ, Wu KD, Wu MS, Kim JC, Park K, Raikou V, Kaisidis P, Tsamparlis E, Kanellopoulos P, Boletis J, Ueda A, Hirayama A, Owada S, Nagai K, Saito C, Yamagata K. DIALYSIS. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND CLINICAL STUDIES. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Tarner IH, Albrecht K, Fleck M, Gromnica-Ihle E, Keyßer G, Köhler L, Kötter I, Krüger K, Kuipers J, Nüßlein H, Rubbert-Roth A, Wollenhaupt J, Schneider M, Manger B, Müller-Ladner U. [Evidence-based recommendations for the management of undifferentiated peripheral inflammatory arthritis (UPIA). The German perspective on the international 3e initiative]. Z Rheumatol 2014; 73:363-73. [PMID: 24590079 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-013-1249-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peripheral arthritis is the most common presenting complaint in clinical rheumatology. Unequivocal identification of the underlying entity can be difficult, particularly at an early stage. Such cases are commonly referred to as undifferentiated peripheral inflammatory arthritis (UPIA). Since evidence-based recommendations for the clinical management of UPIA are lacking, this international 3e initiative convened 697 rheumatologists from 17 countries to develop appropriate recommendations. METHODS Based on a systematic literature research in Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and the ACR/EULAR abstracts of 2007/2008, 10 multinational recommendations were developed by 3 rounds of a Delphi process. In Germany, a national group of experts worked on 3 additional recommendations using the same method. The recommendations were discussed among the members of the 3e initiative and the degree of consensus was analyzed as well as the potential impact of the recommendations on clinical practice. RESULTS A total of 39,756 references were identified, of which 250 were systematically reviewed for the development of 10 multinational recommendations concerning differential diagnosis, diagnostic and prognostic value of clinical assessments, laboratory tests and imaging techniques, and monitoring of UPIA. In addition, 3 national recommendations on the diagnostic and prognostic value of a response to anti-inflammatory therapy on the analysis of synovial fluid and on enthesitis were developed by the German experts based on 35 out of 5542 references. CONCLUSIONS The article translates the 2011 published original paper of the international 3e initiative (Machado et al., Ann Rheum Dis 70:15-24, 2011) and reports the methods and results of the national vote and the additional 3 national recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I H Tarner
- Abt. für Rheumatologie, Klinische Immunologie, Osteologie und Physikalische Medizin,Kerckhoff-Klinik, Lehrstuhl für Innere Medizin mit Schwerpunkt Rheumatologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Benekestr. 2-8, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Deutschland
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Kuipers J. Vaskulitis: Aktuell und praxisnah. AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1358463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Dasci F, Emmrich S, Henke K, Kuipers J, Heuvel vd M, Klusmann JH. MiR-181a/b and -c/d act as tumor suppressors in MLL-rearranged leukemia by targeting the MLL-complex. Klin Padiatr 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1343622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Jammal R, Emmrich S, Henke K, Kuipers J, Heuvel vd M, Reinhardt D, Klusmann JH. High-throughput functional characterization of miRNAs in cytogenetically defined AML subgroups. Klin Padiatr 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1343630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Schnell U, Kuipers J, Mueller JL, Veenstra-Algra A, Sivagnanam M, Giepmans BNG. Absence of cell-surface EpCAM in congenital tufting enteropathy. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:2566-71. [PMID: 23462293 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM; CD326) gene are causal for congenital tufting enteropathy (CTE), a disease characterized by intestinal abnormalities resulting in lethal diarrhea in newborns. Why the different mutations all lead to the same disease is not clear. Here, we report that most mutations, including a novel intronic variant, will result in lack of EpCAM's transmembrane domain, whereas two mutations allow transmembrane localization. We find that these mutants are not routed to the plasma membrane, and that truncated mutants are secreted or degraded. Thus, all epcam mutations lead to loss of cell-surface EpCAM, resulting in CTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Schnell
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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ur Rehman Z, Sjollema KA, Kuipers J, Hoekstra D, Zuhorn IS. Nonviral gene delivery vectors use syndecan-dependent transport mechanisms in filopodia to reach the cell surface. ACS Nano 2012; 6:7521-7532. [PMID: 22857607 DOI: 10.1021/nn3028562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipoplexes and polyplexes, that is, assemblies of cationic lipids and polymers with nucleic acids, respectively, are popular nanocarriers for delivery of genes or siRNA into cells for therapeutic or cell biological purposes. Although endocytosis represents a major mechanism for their cellular entry, very little is known about parameters that govern early events in the initial interaction of such delivery devices with the cell surface. Here, we demonstrate that prior to entry, poly- and lipoplexes are captured by thin, actin-rich filopodial extensions, protruding from the cell surface. Subsequent additional recruitment and local clustering of filopodia-localized syndecans, presumably driven by multivalent interactions with the polycationic nanocarriers, appear instrumental in their processing to the cell body. Detailed microscopic analyses reveal that the latter relies on either directional surfing along or retraction of the filopodia. By interfering with actin polymerization or inhibiting the motor protein myosin II, localized at the base of filopodia, our data reveal that the binding of the nanocarriers to and subsequent clustering of syndecans initiates actin retrograde flow, which moves the syndecan-bound nanocarriers to the cell body. At the present experimental conditions, inhibition of this process inhibits nanocarrier-mediated transfection by 50-90%. The present findings add novel insight to our understanding of the mechanism of nanocarrier-cell surface interaction, which may be instrumental in further improving delivery efficiency. In addition, the current experimental approach may also be of relevance to improving our understanding of cellular infection by viruses and pathogenic bacteria, given a striking parallel in filopodia-mediated processing of these infectious particles and nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zia ur Rehman
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Cell Biology, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Kuipers J. SP-0154 FOR THE MOTION. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)70493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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