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Jackson WD, Giacomassi C, Ward S, Owen A, Luis TC, Spear S, Woollard KJ, Johansson C, Strid J, Botto M. TLR7 activation at epithelial barriers promotes emergency myelopoiesis and lung antiviral immunity. eLife 2023; 12:e85647. [PMID: 37566453 PMCID: PMC10465127 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes are heterogeneous innate effector leukocytes generated in the bone marrow and released into circulation in a CCR2-dependent manner. During infection or inflammation, myelopoiesis is modulated to rapidly meet the demand for more effector cells. Danger signals from peripheral tissues can influence this process. Herein we demonstrate that repetitive TLR7 stimulation via the epithelial barriers drove a potent emergency bone marrow monocyte response in mice. This process was unique to TLR7 activation and occurred independently of the canonical CCR2 and CX3CR1 axes or prototypical cytokines. The monocytes egressing the bone marrow had an immature Ly6C-high profile and differentiated into vascular Ly6C-low monocytes and tissue macrophages in multiple organs. They displayed a blunted cytokine response to further TLR7 stimulation and reduced lung viral load after RSV and influenza virus infection. These data provide insights into the emergency myelopoiesis likely to occur in response to the encounter of single-stranded RNA viruses at barrier sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Jackson
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Chiara Giacomassi
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Sophie Ward
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Amber Owen
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Tiago C Luis
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Sarah Spear
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Kevin J Woollard
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Cecilia Johansson
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Jessica Strid
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Marina Botto
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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2
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Plum T, Binzberger R, Thiele R, Shang F, Postrach D, Fung C, Fortea M, Stakenborg N, Wang Z, Tappe-Theodor A, Poth T, MacLaren DAA, Boeckxstaens G, Kuner R, Pitzer C, Monyer H, Xin C, Bonventre JV, Tanaka S, Voehringer D, Vanden Berghe P, Strid J, Feyerabend TB, Rodewald HR. Mast cells link immune sensing to antigen-avoidance behaviour. Nature 2023; 620:634-642. [PMID: 37438525 PMCID: PMC10432277 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The physiological functions of mast cells remain largely an enigma. In the context of barrier damage, mast cells are integrated in type 2 immunity and, together with immunoglobulin E (IgE), promote allergic diseases. Allergic symptoms may, however, facilitate expulsion of allergens, toxins and parasites and trigger future antigen avoidance1-3. Here, we show that antigen-specific avoidance behaviour in inbred mice4,5 is critically dependent on mast cells; hence, we identify the immunological sensor cell linking antigen recognition to avoidance behaviour. Avoidance prevented antigen-driven adaptive, innate and mucosal immune activation and inflammation in the stomach and small intestine. Avoidance was IgE dependent, promoted by Th2 cytokines in the immunization phase and by IgE in the execution phase. Mucosal mast cells lining the stomach and small intestine rapidly sensed antigen ingestion. We interrogated potential signalling routes between mast cells and the brain using mutant mice, pharmacological inhibition, neural activity recordings and vagotomy. Inhibition of leukotriene synthesis impaired avoidance, but overall no single pathway interruption completely abrogated avoidance, indicating complex regulation. Collectively, the stage for antigen avoidance is set when adaptive immunity equips mast cells with IgE as a telltale of past immune responses. On subsequent antigen ingestion, mast cells signal termination of antigen intake. Prevention of immunopathology-causing, continuous and futile responses against per se innocuous antigens or of repeated ingestion of toxins through mast-cell-mediated antigen-avoidance behaviour may be an important arm of immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Plum
- Division for Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Rebecca Binzberger
- Division for Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robin Thiele
- Division for Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fuwei Shang
- Division for Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Postrach
- Division for Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Candice Fung
- Laboratory for Enteric NeuroScience Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marina Fortea
- Laboratory for Enteric NeuroScience Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Stakenborg
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zheng Wang
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Tanja Poth
- Center for Model System and Comparative Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Duncan A A MacLaren
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology of the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guy Boeckxstaens
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rohini Kuner
- Pharmacology Institute, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Pitzer
- Interdisciplinary Neurobehavioral Core, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannah Monyer
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology of the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cuiyan Xin
- Division of Renal Medicine and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph V Bonventre
- Division of Renal Medicine and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Satoshi Tanaka
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - David Voehringer
- Department of Infection Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pieter Vanden Berghe
- Laboratory for Enteric NeuroScience Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jessica Strid
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Thorsten B Feyerabend
- Division for Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Reimer Rodewald
- Division for Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
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3
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Lim K, Giampazolias E, Schulz O, Rogers N, Wilkins A, Sahai E, Strid J, Reis e Sousa C. 35P Targeting the secreted gelsolin-DNGR-1 dendritic cell axis to enhance anti-cancer therapies. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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4
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Lim KHJ, Giampazolias E, Schulz O, Rogers NC, Wilkins A, Sahai E, Strid J, Reis E Sousa C. Loss of secreted gelsolin enhances response to anticancer therapies. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005245. [PMID: 36162919 PMCID: PMC9516286 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) play a critical role in priming anticancer cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. DNGR-1 (a.k.a. CLEC9A) is a cDC1 receptor that binds to F-actin exposed on necrotic cancer and normal cells. DNGR-1 signaling enhances cross-presentation of dead-cell associated antigens, including tumor antigens. We have recently shown that secreted gelsolin (sGSN), a plasma protein, competes with DNGR-1 for binding to dead cell-exposed F-actin and dampens anticancer immunity. Here, we investigated the effects of loss of sGSN on various anticancer therapies that are thought to induce cell death and provoke an immune response to cancer. We compared WT (wildtype) with Rag1–/–, Batf3–/–, Clec9agfp/gfp, sGsn–/– or sGsn–/– Clec9agfp/gfp mice implanted with transplantable tumor cell lines, including MCA-205 fibrosarcoma, 5555 BrafV600E melanoma and B16-F10 LifeAct (LA)-ovalbumin (OVA)-mCherry melanoma. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with (1) doxorubicin (intratumoral) chemotherapy for MCA-205, (2) BRAF-inhibitor PLX4720 (oral gavage) targeted therapy for 5555 BrafV600E, and (3) X-ray radiotherapy for B16 LA-OVA-mCherry. We confirmed that efficient tumor control following each therapy requires an immunocompetent host as efficacy was markedly reduced in Rag1–/– compared with WT mice. Notably, across all the therapeutic modalities, loss of sGSN significantly enhanced tumor control compared with treated WT controls. This was an on-target effect as mice deficient in both sGSN and DNGR-1 behaved no differently from WT mice following therapy. In sum, we find that mice deficient in sGsn display enhanced DNGR-1-dependent responsiveness to chemotherapy, targeted therapy and radiotherapy. Our findings are consistent with the notion some cancer therapies induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), which mobilizes anticancer T cells. Our results point to cDC1 and DNGR-1 as decoders of ICD and to sGSN as a negative regulator of such decoding, highlighting sGSN as a possible target in cancer treatment. Further prospective studies are warranted to identify patients who may benefit most from inhibition of sGSN function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok Haw Jonathan Lim
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.,Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Oliver Schulz
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Neil C Rogers
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Anna Wilkins
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.,Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Erik Sahai
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Jessica Strid
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
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5
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Serger E, Luengo-Gutierrez L, Chadwick JS, Kong G, Zhou L, Crawford G, Danzi MC, Myridakis A, Brandis A, Bello AT, Müller F, Sanchez-Vassopoulos A, De Virgiliis F, Liddell P, Dumas ME, Strid J, Mani S, Dodd D, Di Giovanni S. The gut metabolite indole-3 propionate promotes nerve regeneration and repair. Nature 2022; 607:585-592. [PMID: 35732737 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04884-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The regenerative potential of mammalian peripheral nervous system neurons after injury is critically limited by their slow axonal regenerative rate1. Regenerative ability is influenced by both injury-dependent and injury-independent mechanisms2. Among the latter, environmental factors such as exercise and environmental enrichment have been shown to affect signalling pathways that promote axonal regeneration3. Several of these pathways, including modifications in gene transcription and protein synthesis, mitochondrial metabolism and the release of neurotrophins, can be activated by intermittent fasting (IF)4,5. However, whether IF influences the axonal regenerative ability remains to be investigated. Here we show that IF promotes axonal regeneration after sciatic nerve crush in mice through an unexpected mechanism that relies on the gram-positive gut microbiome and an increase in the gut bacteria-derived metabolite indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) in the serum. IPA production by Clostridium sporogenes is required for efficient axonal regeneration, and delivery of IPA after sciatic injury significantly enhances axonal regeneration, accelerating the recovery of sensory function. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing analysis from sciatic dorsal root ganglia suggested a role for neutrophil chemotaxis in the IPA-dependent regenerative phenotype, which was confirmed by inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis. Our results demonstrate the ability of a microbiome-derived metabolite, such as IPA, to facilitate regeneration and functional recovery of sensory axons through an immune-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Serger
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Graduate School for Neuroscience, Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lucia Luengo-Gutierrez
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jessica S Chadwick
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Guiping Kong
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Luming Zhou
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Greg Crawford
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Matt C Danzi
- Dr. John T. MacDonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Antonis Myridakis
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alexander Brandis
- Targeted Metabolomics Unit, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Franziska Müller
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Francesco De Virgiliis
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Phoebe Liddell
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marc Emmanuel Dumas
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, UMR1283 INSERM, UMR8199 CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jessica Strid
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Dylan Dodd
- Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Simone Di Giovanni
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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6
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Zhou L, Kong G, Palmisano I, Cencioni MT, Danzi M, De Virgiliis F, Chadwick JS, Crawford G, Yu Z, De Winter F, Lemmon V, Bixby J, Puttagunta R, Verhaagen J, Pospori C, Lo Celso C, Strid J, Botto M, Di Giovanni S. Reversible CD8 T cell-neuron cross-talk causes aging-dependent neuronal regenerative decline. Science 2022; 376:eabd5926. [PMID: 35549409 DOI: 10.1126/science.abd5926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with increased prevalence of axonal injuries characterized by poor regeneration and disability. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In our experiments, RNA sequencing of sciatic dorsal root ganglia (DRG) revealed significant aging-dependent enrichment in T cell signaling both before and after sciatic nerve injury (SNI) in mice. Lymphotoxin activated the transcription factor NF-κB, which induced expression of the chemokine CXCL13 by neurons. This in turn recruited CXCR5+CD8+ T cells to injured DRG neurons overexpressing major histocompatibility complex class I. CD8+ T cells repressed the axonal regeneration of DRG neurons via caspase 3 activation. CXCL13 neutralization prevented CXCR5+CD8+ T cell recruitment to the DRG and reversed aging-dependent regenerative decline, thereby promoting neurological recovery after SNI. Thus, axonal regeneration can be facilitated by antagonizing cross-talk between immune cells and neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luming Zhou
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Guiping Kong
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ilaria Palmisano
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Teresa Cencioni
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Matt Danzi
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Department of Neurological Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Francesco De Virgiliis
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jessica S Chadwick
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Greg Crawford
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Zicheng Yu
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Fred De Winter
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vance Lemmon
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Department of Neurological Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - John Bixby
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Department of Neurological Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Radhika Puttagunta
- Spinal Cord Injury Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joost Verhaagen
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Constandina Pospori
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Cristina Lo Celso
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Jessica Strid
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marina Botto
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Simone Di Giovanni
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
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7
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Thomsen I, Kunowska N, de Souza R, Moody AM, Crawford G, Wang YF, Khadayate S, Whilding C, Strid J, Karimi MM, Barr AR, Dillon N, Sabbattini P. RUNX1 Regulates a Transcription Program That Affects the Dynamics of Cell Cycle Entry of Naive Resting B Cells. J Immunol 2021; 207:2976-2991. [PMID: 34810221 PMCID: PMC8675107 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
RUNX1 is a transcription factor that plays key roles in hematopoietic development and in hematopoiesis and lymphopoiesis. In this article, we report that RUNX1 regulates a gene expression program in naive mouse B cells that affects the dynamics of cell cycle entry in response to stimulation of the BCR. Conditional knockout of Runx1 in mouse resting B cells resulted in accelerated entry into S-phase after BCR engagement. Our results indicate that Runx1 regulates the cyclin D2 (Ccnd2) gene, the immediate early genes Fosl2, Atf3, and Egr2, and the Notch pathway gene Rbpj in mouse B cells, reducing the rate at which transcription of these genes increases after BCR stimulation. RUNX1 interacts with the chromatin remodeler SNF-2-related CREB-binding protein activator protein (SRCAP), recruiting it to promoter and enhancer regions of the Ccnd2 gene. BCR-mediated activation triggers switching between binding of RUNX1 and its paralog RUNX3 and between SRCAP and the switch/SNF remodeling complex member BRG1. Binding of BRG1 is increased at the Ccnd2 and Rbpj promoters in the Runx1 knockout cells after BCR stimulation. We also find that RUNX1 exerts positive or negative effects on a number of genes that affect the activation response of mouse resting B cells. These include Cd22 and Bank1, which act as negative regulators of the BCR, and the IFN receptor subunit gene Ifnar1 The hyperresponsiveness of the Runx1 knockout B cells to BCR stimulation and its role in regulating genes that are associated with immune regulation suggest that RUNX1 could be involved in regulating B cell tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inesa Thomsen
- Gene Regulation and Chromatin Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Kunowska
- Gene Regulation and Chromatin Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roshni de Souza
- Gene Regulation and Chromatin Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Marie Moody
- Gene Regulation and Chromatin Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Greg Crawford
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yi-Fang Wang
- Bioinformatics and Computing, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Khadayate
- Bioinformatics and Computing, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chad Whilding
- Microscopy Facility, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Strid
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad M Karimi
- Bioinformatics and Computing, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexis R Barr
- Cell Cycle Control Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom; and
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Niall Dillon
- Gene Regulation and Chromatin Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom;
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pierangela Sabbattini
- Gene Regulation and Chromatin Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom;
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8
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Schiavoni G, Munitz A, Strid J. Editorial: Emerging Roles for Type 2-Associated Cells and Cytokines in Cancer Immunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:811125. [PMID: 34899766 PMCID: PMC8662538 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.811125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Schiavoni
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Ariel Munitz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jessica Strid
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Jackson WD, Gulino A, Fossati-Jimack L, Castro Seoane R, Tian K, Best K, Köhl J, Belmonte B, Strid J, Botto M. C3 Drives Inflammatory Skin Carcinogenesis Independently of C5. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:404-414.e6. [PMID: 32682912 PMCID: PMC8150327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nonmelanoma skin cancer such as cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common form of cancer and can occur as a consequence of DNA damage to the epithelium by UVR or chemical carcinogens. There is growing evidence that the complement system is involved in cancer immune surveillance; however, its role in cSCC remains unclear. Here, we show that complement genes are expressed in tissue from patients with cSCC, and C3 activation fragments are present in cSCC biopsies, indicating complement activation. Using a range of complement-deficient mice in a two-stage mouse model of chemically-induced cSCC, where a subclinical dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene causes oncogenic mutations in epithelial cells and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate promotes the outgrowth of these cells, we found that C3-deficient mice displayed a significantly reduced tumor burden, whereas an opposite phenotype was observed in mice lacking C5aR1, C5aR2, and C3a receptor. In addition, in mice unable to form the membrane attack complex, the tumor progression was unaltered. C3 deficiency did not affect the cancer response to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene treatment alone but reduced the epidermal hyperplasia during 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced inflammation. Collectively, these data indicate that C3 drives tumorigenesis during chronic skin inflammation, independently of the downstream generation of C5a or membrane attack complex.
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MESH Headings
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene/administration & dosage
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene/toxicity
- Animals
- Carcinogens/administration & dosage
- Carcinogens/toxicity
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/chemically induced
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Complement Activation/genetics
- Complement Activation/immunology
- Complement C3/genetics
- Complement C3/metabolism
- Complement C5/metabolism
- Complement Membrane Attack Complex/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neoplasms, Experimental/blood
- Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a/genetics
- Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a/metabolism
- Receptors, Complement/genetics
- Receptors, Complement/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Skin/drug effects
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/pathology
- Skin Neoplasms/chemically induced
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Tumor Escape
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Jackson
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Gulino
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo School of Medicine, Palermo, Italy
| | - Liliane Fossati-Jimack
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Rocio Castro Seoane
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Kunyuan Tian
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Katie Best
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jörg Köhl
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Beatrice Belmonte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo School of Medicine, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jessica Strid
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Marina Botto
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
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10
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Aguilera-Lizarraga J, Florens MV, Viola MF, Jain P, Decraecker L, Appeltans I, Cuende-Estevez M, Fabre N, Van Beek K, Perna E, Balemans D, Stakenborg N, Theofanous S, Bosmans G, Mondelaers SU, Matteoli G, Ibiza Martínez S, Lopez-Lopez C, Jaramillo-Polanco J, Talavera K, Alpizar YA, Feyerabend TB, Rodewald HR, Farre R, Redegeld FA, Si J, Raes J, Breynaert C, Schrijvers R, Bosteels C, Lambrecht BN, Boyd SD, Hoh RA, Cabooter D, Nelis M, Augustijns P, Hendrix S, Strid J, Bisschops R, Reed DE, Vanner SJ, Denadai-Souza A, Wouters MM, Boeckxstaens GE. Local immune response to food antigens drives meal-induced abdominal pain. Nature 2021; 590:151-156. [PMID: 33442055 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03118-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Up to 20% of people worldwide develop gastrointestinal symptoms following a meal1, leading to decreased quality of life, substantial morbidity and high medical costs. Although the interest of both the scientific and lay communities in this issue has increased markedly in recent years, with the worldwide introduction of gluten-free and other diets, the underlying mechanisms of food-induced abdominal complaints remain largely unknown. Here we show that a bacterial infection and bacterial toxins can trigger an immune response that leads to the production of dietary-antigen-specific IgE antibodies in mice, which are limited to the intestine. Following subsequent oral ingestion of the respective dietary antigen, an IgE- and mast-cell-dependent mechanism induced increased visceral pain. This aberrant pain signalling resulted from histamine receptor H1-mediated sensitization of visceral afferents. Moreover, injection of food antigens (gluten, wheat, soy and milk) into the rectosigmoid mucosa of patients with irritable bowel syndrome induced local oedema and mast cell activation. Our results identify and characterize a peripheral mechanism that underlies food-induced abdominal pain, thereby creating new possibilities for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and related abdominal pain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Aguilera-Lizarraga
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Morgane V Florens
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Francesca Viola
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Piyush Jain
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lisse Decraecker
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Iris Appeltans
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Cuende-Estevez
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Naomi Fabre
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kim Van Beek
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eluisa Perna
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dafne Balemans
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Stakenborg
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stavroula Theofanous
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Goele Bosmans
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie U Mondelaers
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gianluca Matteoli
- Laboratory for Mucosal Immunology, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sales Ibiza Martínez
- Laboratory for Mucosal Immunology, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Cintya Lopez-Lopez
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Neuroscience Research group, BIOMED, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - Hans-Reimer Rodewald
- Division of Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ricard Farre
- Mucosal Permeability Lab, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank A Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jiyeon Si
- KU Leuven Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- KU Leuven Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Breynaert
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Schrijvers
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cédric Bosteels
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Scott D Boyd
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ramona A Hoh
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Deirdre Cabooter
- KU Leuven Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maxim Nelis
- KU Leuven Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Augustijns
- KU Leuven Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sven Hendrix
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Strid
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Raf Bisschops
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - David E Reed
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen J Vanner
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandre Denadai-Souza
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mira M Wouters
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy E Boeckxstaens
- Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium.
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11
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Pereira BI, De Maeyer RPH, Covre LP, Nehar-Belaid D, Lanna A, Ward S, Marches R, Chambers ES, Gomes DCO, Riddell NE, Maini MK, Teixeira VH, Janes SM, Gilroy DW, Larbi A, Mabbott NA, Ucar D, Kuchel GA, Henson SM, Strid J, Lee JH, Banchereau J, Akbar AN. Sestrins induce natural killer function in senescent-like CD8 + T cells. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:684-694. [PMID: 32231301 PMCID: PMC10249464 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with remodeling of the immune system to enable the maintenance of life-long immunity. In the CD8+ T cell compartment, aging results in the expansion of highly differentiated cells that exhibit characteristics of cellular senescence. Here we found that CD27-CD28-CD8+ T cells lost the signaling activity of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) and expressed a protein complex containing the agonistic natural killer (NK) receptor NKG2D and the NK adaptor molecule DAP12, which promoted cytotoxicity against cells that expressed NKG2D ligands. Immunoprecipitation and imaging cytometry indicated that the NKG2D-DAP12 complex was associated with sestrin 2. The genetic inhibition of sestrin 2 resulted in decreased expression of NKG2D and DAP12 and restored TCR signaling in senescent-like CD27-CD28-CD8+ T cells. Therefore, during aging, sestrins induce the reprogramming of non-proliferative senescent-like CD27-CD28-CD8+ T cells to acquire a broad-spectrum, innate-like killing activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branca I Pereira
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Roel P H De Maeyer
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Luciana P Covre
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - Alessio Lanna
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sophie Ward
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Radu Marches
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Emma S Chambers
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel C O Gomes
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Natalie E Riddell
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
- Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Mala K Maini
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vitor H Teixeira
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Samuel M Janes
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Derek W Gilroy
- Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Neil A Mabbott
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Duygu Ucar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - George A Kuchel
- University of Connecticut Center on Aging, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sian M Henson
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jessica Strid
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jun H Lee
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Arne N Akbar
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK.
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12
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Ferrer IR, West HC, Henderson S, Ushakov DS, Santos E Sousa P, Strid J, Chakraverty R, Yates AJ, Bennett CL. A wave of monocytes is recruited to replenish the long-term Langerhans cell network after immune injury. Sci Immunol 2020; 4:4/38/eaax8704. [PMID: 31444235 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aax8704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A dense population of embryo-derived Langerhans cells (eLCs) is maintained within the sealed epidermis without contribution from circulating cells. When this network is perturbed by transient exposure to ultraviolet light, short-term LCs are temporarily reconstituted from an initial wave of monocytes but thought to be superseded by more permanent repopulation with undefined LC precursors. However, the extent to which this process is relevant to immunopathological processes that damage LC population integrity is not known. Using a model of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, where alloreactive T cells directly target eLCs, we have asked whether and how the original LC network is ultimately restored. We find that donor monocytes, but not dendritic cells, are the precursors of long-term LCs in this context. Destruction of eLCs leads to recruitment of a wave of monocytes that engraft in the epidermis and undergo a sequential pathway of differentiation via transcriptionally distinct EpCAM+ precursors. Monocyte-derived LCs acquire the capacity of self-renewal, and proliferation in the epidermis matched that of steady-state eLCs. However, we identified a bottleneck in the differentiation and survival of epidermal monocytes, which, together with the slow rate of renewal of mature LCs, limits repair of the network. Furthermore, replenishment of the LC network leads to constitutive entry of cells into the epidermal compartment. Thus, immune injury triggers functional adaptation of mechanisms used to maintain tissue-resident macrophages at other sites, but this process is highly inefficient in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana R Ferrer
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK and Cancer Institute Department of Haematology, Division of Cancer Studies, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Heather C West
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK and Cancer Institute Department of Haematology, Division of Cancer Studies, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Stephen Henderson
- Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Dmitry S Ushakov
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Newcomen Street, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Pedro Santos E Sousa
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK and Cancer Institute Department of Haematology, Division of Cancer Studies, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Jessica Strid
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ronjon Chakraverty
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK and Cancer Institute Department of Haematology, Division of Cancer Studies, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Andrew J Yates
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Clare L Bennett
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK and Cancer Institute Department of Haematology, Division of Cancer Studies, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK.
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13
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Hayes MD, Ward S, Crawford G, Seoane RC, Jackson WD, Kipling D, Voehringer D, Dunn-Walters D, Strid J. Inflammation-induced IgE promotes epithelial hyperplasia and tumour growth. eLife 2020; 9:e51862. [PMID: 31931959 PMCID: PMC6959995 DOI: 10.7554/elife.51862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IgE is the least abundant circulating antibody class but is constitutively present in healthy tissues bound to resident cells via its high-affinity receptor, FcεRI. The physiological role of endogenous IgE antibodies is unclear but it has been suggested that they provide host protection against a variety of noxious environmental substances and parasitic infections at epithelial barrier surfaces. Here we show, in mice, that skin inflammation enhances levels of IgE antibodies that have natural specificities and a repertoire, VDJ rearrangements and CDRH3 characteristics similar to those of IgE antibodies in healthy tissue. IgE-bearing basophils are recruited to inflamed skin via CXCL12 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)/IL-3-dependent upregulation of CXCR4. In the inflamed skin, IgE/FcεRI-signalling in basophils promotes epithelial cell growth and differentiation, partly through histamine engagement of H1R and H4R. Furthermore, this IgE response strongly drives tumour outgrowth of epithelial cells harbouring oncogenic mutation. These findings indicate that natural IgE antibodies support skin barrier defences, but that during chronic tissue inflammation this role may be subverted to promote tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark David Hayes
- Department of Immunology and InflammationImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Sophie Ward
- Department of Immunology and InflammationImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Greg Crawford
- Department of Immunology and InflammationImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Rocio Castro Seoane
- Department of Immunology and InflammationImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - William David Jackson
- Department of Immunology and InflammationImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - David Kipling
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of MedicineCardiff UniversityCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | - David Voehringer
- Department of Infection BiologyUniversity Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
| | - Deborah Dunn-Walters
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and MedicineUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Jessica Strid
- Department of Immunology and InflammationImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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14
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Crawford G, Hayes MD, Seoane RC, Ward S, Dalessandri T, Lai C, Healy E, Kipling D, Proby C, Moyes C, Green K, Best K, Haniffa M, Botto M, Dunn-Walters D, Strid J. Epithelial damage and tissue γδ T cells promote a unique tumor-protective IgE response. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:859-870. [PMID: 30013146 PMCID: PMC6071860 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0161-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
IgE is an ancient and conserved immunoglobulin isotype with potent immunological function. Nevertheless, the regulation of IgE responses remains an enigma, and evidence of a role for IgE in host defense is limited. Here we report that topical exposure to a common environmental DNA-damaging xenobiotic initiated stress surveillance by γδTCR+ intraepithelial lymphocytes that resulted in class switching to IgE in B cells and the accumulation of autoreactive IgE. High-throughput antibody sequencing revealed that γδ T cells shaped the IgE repertoire by supporting specific variable-diversity-joining (VDJ) rearrangements with unique characteristics of the complementarity-determining region CDRH3. This endogenous IgE response, via the IgE receptor FcεRI, provided protection against epithelial carcinogenesis, and expression of the gene encoding FcεRI in human squamous-cell carcinoma correlated with good disease prognosis. These data indicate a joint role for immunosurveillance by T cells and by B cells in epithelial tissues and suggest that IgE is part of the host defense against epithelial damage and tumor development.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anthracenes/toxicity
- B-Lymphocytes/physiology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology
- Cell Death
- Cells, Cultured
- Complementarity Determining Regions/genetics
- DNA Damage
- Epithelial Cells/physiology
- Female
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
- Immunoglobulin Class Switching
- Immunoglobulin E/genetics
- Immunoglobulin E/metabolism
- Immunologic Surveillance
- Intraepithelial Lymphocytes/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Piperidines/toxicity
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- Receptors, IgE/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Crawford
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Sophie Ward
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Chester Lai
- Dermatopharmacology, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Dermatology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Eugene Healy
- Dermatopharmacology, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Dermatology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - David Kipling
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Charlotte Proby
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Colin Moyes
- Department of Pathology, Greater Glasgow and Clyde NHS, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kile Green
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Katie Best
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Dermatology and Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Muzlifah Haniffa
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Dermatology and Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Marina Botto
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Deborah Dunn-Walters
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - Jessica Strid
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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15
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Ling GS, Crawford G, Buang N, Bartok I, Tian K, Thielens NM, Bally I, Harker JA, Ashton-Rickardt PG, Rutschmann S, Strid J, Botto M. C1q restrains autoimmunity and viral infection by regulating CD8 + T cell metabolism. Science 2018; 360:558-563. [PMID: 29724957 DOI: 10.1126/science.aao4555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Deficiency of C1q, the initiator of the complement classical pathway, is associated with the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Explaining this association in terms of abnormalities in the classical pathway alone remains problematic because C3 deficiency does not predispose to SLE. Here, using a mouse model of SLE, we demonstrate that C1q, but not C3, restrains the response to self-antigens by modulating the mitochondrial metabolism of CD8+ T cells, which can themselves propagate autoimmunity. C1q deficiency also triggers an exuberant effector CD8+ T cell response to chronic viral infection leading to lethal immunopathology. These data establish a link between C1q and CD8+ T cell metabolism and may explain how C1q protects against lupus, with implications for the role of viral infections in the perpetuation of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Sheng Ling
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK
| | - Greg Crawford
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK
| | - Norzawani Buang
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK
| | - Istvan Bartok
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK
| | - Kunyuan Tian
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK
| | | | - Isabelle Bally
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - James A Harker
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK
| | | | | | - Jessica Strid
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK
| | - Marina Botto
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK.
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16
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Silva-Santos B, Strid J. Working in "NK Mode": Natural Killer Group 2 Member D and Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors in Stress-Surveillance by γδ T Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:851. [PMID: 29740448 PMCID: PMC5928212 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer cell receptors (NKRs) are germline-encoded transmembrane proteins that regulate the activation and homeostasis of NK cells as well as other lymphocytes. For γδ T cells, NKRs play critical roles in discriminating stressed (transformed or infected) cells from their healthy counterparts, as proposed in the “lymphoid stress-surveillance” theory. Whereas the main physiologic role is seemingly fulfilled by natural killer group 2 member D, constitutively expressed by γδ T cells, enhancement of their therapeutic potential may rely on natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs), like NKp30 or NKp44, that can be induced selectively on human Vδ1+ T cells. Here, we review the contributions of NCRs, NKG2D, and their multiple ligands, to γδ T cell biology in mouse and human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Silva-Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular - João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jessica Strid
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Silva-Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jessica Strid
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Gaya M, Barral P, Burbage M, Aggarwal S, Montaner B, Warren Navia A, Aid M, Tsui C, Maldonado P, Nair U, Ghneim K, Fallon PG, Sekaly RP, Barouch DH, Shalek AK, Bruckbauer A, Strid J, Batista FD. Initiation of Antiviral B Cell Immunity Relies on Innate Signals from Spatially Positioned NKT Cells. Cell 2017; 172:517-533.e20. [PMID: 29249358 PMCID: PMC5786505 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
B cells constitute an essential line of defense from pathogenic infections through the generation of class-switched antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) in germinal centers. Although this process is known to be regulated by follicular helper T (TfH) cells, the mechanism by which B cells initially seed germinal center reactions remains elusive. We found that NKT cells, a population of innate-like T lymphocytes, are critical for the induction of B cell immunity upon viral infection. The positioning of NKT cells at the interfollicular areas of lymph nodes facilitates both their direct priming by resident macrophages and the localized delivery of innate signals to antigen-experienced B cells. Indeed, NKT cells secrete an early wave of IL-4 and constitute up to 70% of the total IL-4-producing cells during the initial stages of infection. Importantly, the requirement of this innate immunity arm appears to be evolutionarily conserved because early NKT and IL-4 gene signatures also positively correlate with the levels of neutralizing antibodies in Zika-virus-infected macaques. In conclusion, our data support a model wherein a pre-TfH wave of IL-4 secreted by interfollicular NKT cells triggers the seeding of germinal center cells and serves as an innate link between viral infection and B cell immunity. NKT cells promote B cell immunity upon viral infection NKT cells are primed by lymph-node-resident macrophages NKT cells produce early IL-4 wave at the follicular borders Early IL-4 wave is required for efficient seeding of germinal centers
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Gaya
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1A 1AT, UK.
| | - Patricia Barral
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1A 1AT, UK; The Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | | | | | | | - Andrew Warren Navia
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Malika Aid
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Carlson Tsui
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1A 1AT, UK
| | | | - Usha Nair
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Khader Ghneim
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Padraic G Fallon
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Dan H Barouch
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Alex K Shalek
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Jessica Strid
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Facundo D Batista
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1A 1AT, UK; Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology & HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Giacomassi C, Buang N, Ling GS, Crawford G, Cook HT, Scott D, Dazzi F, Strid J, Botto M. Complement C3 Exacerbates Imiquimod-Induced Skin Inflammation and Psoriasiform Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 137:760-763. [PMID: 27876407 PMCID: PMC5319416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giacomassi
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Norzawani Buang
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Guang Sheng Ling
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Greg Crawford
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - H Terence Cook
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Diane Scott
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Jessica Strid
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marina Botto
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Giacomassi C, Ling G, Buang N, Strid J, Botto M. THU0256 Complement C3 Exacerbates TLR7-Mediated Skin Inflammation but Not Systemic Autoimmunity. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.5720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Strid J, McLean WI, Irvine AD. Too Much, Too Little or Just Enough: A Goldilocks Effect for IL-13 and Skin Barrier Regulation? J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:561-564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2015.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Dalessandri T, Strid J. Beneficial autoimmunity at body surfaces - immune surveillance and rapid type 2 immunity regulate tissue homeostasis and cancer. Front Immunol 2014; 5:347. [PMID: 25101088 PMCID: PMC4105846 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells (ECs) line body surface tissues and provide a physicochemical barrier to the external environment. Frequent microbial and non-microbial challenges such as those imposed by mechanical disruption, injury or exposure to noxious environmental substances including chemicals, carcinogens, ultraviolet-irradiation, or toxins cause activation of ECs with release of cytokines and chemokines as well as alterations in the expression of cell-surface ligands. Such display of epithelial stress is rapidly sensed by tissue-resident immunocytes, which can directly interact with self-moieties on ECs and initiate both local and systemic immune responses. ECs are thus key drivers of immune surveillance at body surface tissues. However, ECs have a propensity to drive type 2 immunity (rather than type 1) upon non-invasive challenge or stress – a type of immunity whose regulation and function still remain enigmatic. Here, we review the induction and possible role of type 2 immunity in epithelial tissues and propose that rapid immune surveillance and type 2 immunity are key regulators of tissue homeostasis and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Dalessandri
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Jessica Strid
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London , London , UK
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Bendtsen TF, Soeballe K, Petersen EM, Moriggl B, Sauter A, Strid J, Boerglum J. Ultrasound Guided Single Injection Lumbosacral Plexus Blockade For Hip Surgery Anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/el_9982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Strid J, Sobolev O, Zafirova B, Polic B, Hayday A. The intraepithelial T cell response to NKG2D-ligands links lymphoid stress surveillance to atopy. Science 2012; 334:1293-7. [PMID: 22144628 DOI: 10.1126/science.1211250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells respond to physicochemical damage with up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex-like ligands that can activate the cytolytic potential of neighboring intraepithelial T cells by binding the activating receptor, NKG2D. The systemic implications of this lymphoid stress-surveillance response, however, are unknown. We found that antigens encountered at the same time as cutaneous epithelial stress induced strong primary and secondary systemic, T helper 2 (T(H)2)-associated atopic responses in mice. These responses required NKG2D-dependent communication between dysregulated epithelial cells and tissue-associated lymphoid cells. These data are germane to uncertainty over the afferent induction of T(H)2 responses and provide a molecular framework for considering atopy as an important component of the response to tissue damage and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Strid
- London Research Institute, Cancer Research UK, London WC2A 3LY, UK
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Zinelli C, Caffarelli C, Strid J, Jaffe A, Atherton DJ. Measurement of nitric oxide and 8-isoprostane in exhaled breath of children with atopic eczema. Clin Exp Dermatol 2009; 34:607-12. [PMID: 19508477 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2008.03142.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with atopic eczema (AE) are at risk of developing asthma. Airway inflammation has been shown to be present before the onset of clinical asthma. Increased exhalation (forced expiration; FE) of nitric oxide (FE(NO)) and 8-isoprostane seems to be a feature of bronchial inflammation in people with asthma. AIM To determine whether the exhalation of these two molecules is increased in children with eczema, even in the absence of overt asthma. METHODS In total, 21 children with AE were recruited and compared with healthy controls. A questionnaire was completed to identify respiratory symptoms compatible with asthma. The severity of AE was graded clinically. Spirometry, FE(NO) measurements and exhaled breath condensate collection for 8-isoprostane were performed. RESULTS The mean level of 8-isoprostane was similar for children with AE (2.33 +/- 4.76 pg/mL) and controls (3.37 +/- 3.43). FE(NO) was increased in children with AE (mean 64.97 parts per billion) compared with the normal range, even in the absence of respiratory symptoms and in the presence of normal lung function. CONCLUSIONS FE(NO) but not 8-isoprostane levels in exhaled breath condensate are higher in children with AE without asthma. Our finding may indicate a predictive role for FE(NO) for the development of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zinelli
- Department of Human Development, Paediatric Clinic, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Abstract
Although studies of the skin have provided fundamental models for innate and adaptive immune surveillance of body surfaces, there remains relatively little understanding of the role that epithelial cells play in sensing infection and/or organ dysfunction, and the pathways available to them to communicate with local and systemic immune cells. In particular, evidence is emerging for a novel stress response initiated by local lymphocytes, rather than dendritic cells, and based on their recognition of epithelial stress-induced antigens. Its consequences are to sustain tissue integrity by providing immunoprotection and novel modes of immunoregulation, whereas its dysregulation may promote body surface immunopathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Strid
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London School of Medicine at Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK.
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Jones HE, Strid J, Osman M, Uronen-Hansson H, Dixon G, Klein N, Wong SYC, Callard RE. The role of beta2 integrins and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in the phagocytosis of dead Neisseria meningitidis. Cell Microbiol 2008; 10:1634-45. [PMID: 18397383 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2008.01154.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Phagocytosis of microbial pathogens is essential for the host immune response to infection. Our previous work has shown that lipooligosaccharide (LOS) expression on the surface of Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) is essential for phagocytosis, but the receptor involved remained unclear. In this study, we show that human CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and CR4 (CD11c/CD18) are phagocytic receptors for Nm as illustrated by the capacity of CR3- and CR4-transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to facilitate Nm uptake. A CR3-signalling mutant failed to internalize Nm, showing that the ability of CR3 to signal is essential for phagocytosis. Internalization of Nm by CR3-transfected CHO cells could be inhibited by the presence of CR3-specific antibodies. Furthermore, dendritic cells from leukocyte adhesion deficiency-1 patients, who have diminished expression of beta2 integrins, showed markedly reduced phagocytosis of Nm. The CR3-mediated phagocytosis required the presence of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP). Furthermore, the expression of LOS by Nm was essential for LBP binding and phagocytosis via CR3. These results reveal a critical role of CR3 and LBP in the phagocytosis of Nm and provide important insights into the initial interaction meningococci have with the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Jones
- Immunobiology and Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Units, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
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Strid J, Roberts SJ, Filler RB, Lewis JM, Kwong BY, Schpero W, Kaplan DH, Hayday AC, Girardi M. Acute upregulation of an NKG2D ligand promotes rapid reorganization of a local immune compartment with pleiotropic effects on carcinogenesis. Nat Immunol 2008; 9:146-54. [PMID: 18176566 DOI: 10.1038/ni1556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The self-encoded ligands MICA (human) and Rae-1 (mouse) for the cytotoxic lymphocyte activating receptor NKG2D are highly expressed in carcinomas and inflammatory lesions and have been linked to immunosurveillance and graft rejection. However, whether NKG2D ligands have an intrinsic ability to acutely regulate tissue-associated immune compartments is not known. Here we show that epidermis-specific upregulation of Rae-1 induced rapid, coincident and reversible changes in the organization of tissue-resident V(gamma)5V(delta)1 TCRgammadelta+ intraepithelial T cells and Langerhans cells, swiftly followed by epithelial infiltration by unconventional alphabeta T cells. Whereas local V(gamma)5V(delta)1+ T cells limited carcinogenesis, Langerhans cells unexpectedly promoted it. These results provide unique insight into the early phases of tissue immunosurveillance and indicate that acute changes in NKG2D ligands may alone initiate a rapid, multifaceted immunosurveillance response in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Strid
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London School of Medicine at Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
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Yates A, Chan C, Strid J, Moon S, Callard R, George AJT, Stark J. Reconstruction of cell population dynamics using CFSE. BMC Bioinformatics 2007; 8:196. [PMID: 17565685 PMCID: PMC1929124 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-8-196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2006] [Accepted: 06/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Quantifying cell division and death is central to many studies in the biological sciences. The fluorescent dye CFSE allows the tracking of cell division in vitro and in vivo and provides a rich source of information with which to test models of cell kinetics. Cell division and death have a stochastic component at the single-cell level, and the probabilities of these occurring in any given time interval may also undergo systematic variation at a population level. This gives rise to heterogeneity in proliferating cell populations. Branching processes provide a natural means of describing this behaviour. Results We present a likelihood-based method for estimating the parameters of branching process models of cell kinetics using CFSE-labeling experiments, and demonstrate its validity using synthetic and experimental datasets. Performing inference and model comparison with real CFSE data presents some statistical problems and we suggest methods of dealing with them. Conclusion The approach we describe here can be used to recover the (potentially variable) division and death rates of any cell population for which division tracking information is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Yates
- Department of Biology, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Cliburn Chan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Laboratory of Computational Immunology, 106 North Bldg, Research Drive, Box 90090, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jessica Strid
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Simon Moon
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, 180 Queen's Gate, London SW7 2BZ, UK
- Centre for Integrative Systems Biology at Imperial College (CISBIC), UK
| | - Robin Callard
- Immunobiology Unit, Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Andrew JT George
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Jaroslav Stark
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, 180 Queen's Gate, London SW7 2BZ, UK
- Centre for Integrative Systems Biology at Imperial College (CISBIC), UK
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Strid J, Tan LA, Strobel S, Londei M, Callard R. Epicutaneous immunization with type II collagen inhibits both onset and progression of chronic collagen-induced arthritis. PLoS One 2007; 2:e387. [PMID: 17440622 PMCID: PMC1849892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2007] [Accepted: 03/23/2007] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Epicutaneous immunization is a potential non-invasive technique for antigen-specific immune-modulation. Topical application of protein antigens to barrier-disrupted skin induces potent antigen-specific immunity with a strong Th2-bias. In this study, we investigate whether the autoimmune inflammatory response of chronic collagen-induced arthritis (CCIA) in DBA/1-TCR-β Tg mice can be modified by epicutaneous immunization. We show that epicutaneous immunization with type II collagen (CII) inhibited development and progression of CCIA and, importantly, also ameliorated ongoing disease as indicated by clinical scores of disease severity, paw swelling and joints histology. Treated mice show reduced CII-driven T cell proliferation and IFN-γ production, as well as significantly lower levels of CII-specific IgG2a serum antibodies. In contrast, CII-driven IL-4 production and IgE antibody levels were increased consistent with skewing of the CII response from Th1 to Th2 in treated mice. IL-4 production in treated mice was inversely correlated with disease severity. Moreover, T cells from treated mice inhibited proliferation and IFN-γ production by T cells from CCIA mice, suggesting induction of regulatory T cells that actively inhibit effector responses in arthritic mice. The levels of CD4+CD25+ T cells were however not increased following epicutaneous CII treatment. Together, these results suggest that epicutaneous immunization may be used as an immune-modulating procedure to actively re-programme pathogenic Th1 responses, and could have potential as a novel specific and simple treatment for chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Strid
- Immunobiology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
Epicutaneous immunization is a potential novel technique for topical vaccine delivery. It targets the immunologically rich milieu of the skin while having the advantage of being a non-invasive immunization procedure. By disrupting the stratum corneum of the epidermis a natural adjuvant effect can be achieved through activation of resident Langerhans cells. This negates the normal need for co-application of noxious adjuvants. Epicutaneous immunization on barrier-disrupted skin induces potent antigen-specific systemic immunity with a strong T helper type 2 (Th2) bias. We show here that epicutaneous immunization enhances the vigour of a subsequent T-cell response to the same antigen. The induced systemic Th2 response prevents the development of Th1 responses induced through injection of antigen in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Prior epicutaneous immunization results in reduced production of antigen-specific interferon-gamma and immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) and enhanced interleukin-4, IgG1 and IgE responses to immunization with CFA. Moreover, epicutaneous immunization converts an established Th1 response to a Th2 response, as demonstrated by the specific reduction of interferon-gamma and IgG2a and the enhancement of interleukin-4 and IgE. This Th2 dominance of epicutaneous immunization may have direct therapeutic application as an immune-modulating procedure in Th1-dominant diseases such as autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Strid
- Immunobiology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK.
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Abstract
Most allergic, atopic and hypersensitive reactions are associated with Th2-biased immune responses and allergen-specific IgE antibodies. Pathological allergic disorders are on an alarming increase in the industrialized world. Understanding the mechanism of primary sensitization to allergens is important in elucidating the pathogenesis of these diseases and for possibly preventing their development. In this article, we review recent information supporting that epidermal allergen exposure may contribute to systemic allergic diseases and that atopy may be secondary to skin barrier dysfunction in some dermatoses. The skin is an active immunological organ, which functions as a primary defence and biosensor to the external environment. The critical permeability barrier function is mediated by the outmost layer of the epidermis, the stratum corneum. Perturbation of the stratum corneum initiates a chain of event, which activates homeostatic responses in the underlying epidermis. Repeated barrier-disruption, whether environmentally or genetically determined, may however stimulate signaling cascades that lead to inflammation and epidermal hyperplasia. Skin barrier dysfunction may also allow entry of allergens, which can lead to primary systemic sensitization. The altered epidermal microenvironment in barrier-disrupted skin appears to be particularly well suited for the induction of potent Th2-type responses with production of allergen-specific IgE. Epidermal exposure to food antigens can prevent the normal induction of oral tolerance and also lead to airway eosinophilia following inhalation. Exposure to allergens on barrier-disrupted skin may as such serve as a natural sensitization pathway for food allergy and respiratory allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Strid
- Immunobiology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
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Strid J, Hourihane J, Kimber I, Callard R, Strobel S. Epicutaneous exposure to peanut protein prevents oral tolerance and enhances allergic sensitization. Clin Exp Allergy 2005; 35:757-66. [PMID: 15969667 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02260.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergies are an important cause of life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions. Oral tolerance can be considered the default immune response to dietary antigens, with immune deviation resulting in allergic sensitization. However, primary sensitization to food allergens may not solely be through the gastrointestinal mucosa, as strong T-helper type 2 (Th2)-biased immunity can result from exposure to protein allergens on barrier-disrupted skin. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine whether exposure to allergens through the skin may interfere with the normal development of oral tolerance and promote allergic sensitization to food proteins. METHODS Female BALB/c mice were exposed epicutaneously to peanut protein and induction of systemic oral tolerance through high dose feeds of peanut protein was subsequently assessed. Other mice were rendered tolerant prior to epicutaneous peanut exposure. Sensitivity to peanut was determined by assessing delayed-type hypersensitivity, proliferative, cytokine and antibody responses. RESULTS Epicutaneous exposure to peanut protein induced potent Th2-type immunity with high levels of IL-4 and serum IgE. Primary skin exposure prevented the subsequent induction of oral tolerance to peanut in an antigen-specific manner. Upon oral challenge, mice became further sensitized and developed strong peanut-specific IL-4 and IgE responses. Furthermore, animals with existing tolerance to peanut were partly sensitized following epicutaneous exposure. CONCLUSION Epicutaneous exposure to peanut protein can prevent induction of oral tolerance, and may even modify existing tolerance to peanut. Epidermal exposure to protein allergens selectively drives Th2-type responses, and as such may promote sensitization to food proteins upon gastrointestinal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Strid
- Immunobiology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
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Abstract
The prevalence of food allergic diseases is rising and poses an increasing clinical problem. Peanut allergy affects around 1% of the population and is a common food allergy associated with severe clinical manifestations. The exact route of primary sensitization is unknown although the gastrointestinal immune system is likely to play an important role. Exposure of the gastrointestinal tract to soluble antigens normally leads to a state of antigen-specific systemic hyporesponsiveness (oral tolerance). A deviation from this process is thought to be responsible for food-allergic diseases. In this study, we have developed a murine model to investigate immunoregulatory processes after ingestion of peanut protein and compared this to a model of oral tolerance to chicken egg ovalbumin (OVA). We demonstrate that oral tolerance induction is highly dose dependent and differs for the allergenic proteins peanut and OVA. Tolerance to peanut requires a significantly higher oral dose than tolerance to OVA. Low doses of peanut are more likely to induce oral sensitization and increased production of interleukin-4 and specific immunoglobulin E upon challenge. When tolerance is induced both T helper 1 and 2 responses are suppressed. These results show that oral tolerance to peanut can be induced experimentally but that peanut proteins have a potent sensitizing effect. This model can now be used to define regulatory mechanisms following oral exposure to allergenic proteins on local, mucosal and systemic immunity and to investigate the immunomodulating effects of non-oral routes of allergen exposure on the development of allergic sensitization to peanut and other food allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Strid
- Immunobiology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK.
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35
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de Noronha S, Hardy S, Sinclair J, Blundell MP, Strid J, Schulz O, Zwirner J, Jones GE, Katz DR, Kinnon C, Thrasher AJ. Impaired dendritic-cell homing in vivo in the absence of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein. Blood 2004; 105:1590-7. [PMID: 15494425 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-06-2332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated migration and spatial localization of dendritic cells (DCs) are critical events during the initiation of physiologic immune responses and maintenance of tolerance. Here we have used cells deficient in the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) to demonstrate the importance of dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton for these trafficking processes to occur in vitro and in vivo. On fibronectin-coated surfaces, WASp-null immature murine DCs exhibited defects both of attachment and detachment, resulting in impaired net translocation compared with normal cells. The chemokinetic response to CCL21, which is critical for normal lymphatic trafficking, was also abrogated in the absence of WASp. In vivo in both fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and oxazolone contact hypersensitivity models, WASp-null Langerhans cell (LC) migration was compromised, as judged by exit from the skin as well as by homing to the draining lymph node (LN). Furthermore, following systemic challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or toxoplasma-derived antigen, WASp-null DCs showed incomplete redistribution to T-cell areas in the spleen. Instead, they were retained ectopically in the marginal zone. DC trafficking in vivo is therefore dependent on a normally regulated actin cytoskeleton, which performs an essential function during maintenance of physiologic immunity and when disturbed may contribute significantly to the immunopathology of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia de Noronha
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
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Strid J, Hourihane J, Kimber I, Callard R, Strobel S. Disruption of the stratum corneum allows potent epicutaneous immunization with protein antigens resulting in a dominant systemic Th2 response. Eur J Immunol 2004; 34:2100-9. [PMID: 15259007 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200425196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The skin is an important immunological organ with an outer protective layer, the stratum corneum forming a barrier between the skin-associated lymphoid tissue and the environment. We show that gently removing the stratum corneum with adhesive tape permits potent epicutaneous immunization to protein antigens. IL-4 secretion by T cells from draining lymph nodes and high levels of specific IgE and IgG1 with no IgG2a showed that the immune responses induced following epicutaneous antigen exposure are strongly Th2 biased. Similar responses were obtained with different antigens and mouse strains. In contrast, subcutaneous immunization with antigen delivery into the dermis was less potent and gave predominantly Th1 responses. Removal of the stratum corneum increased expression of MHC class II, CD86, CD40, CD54 and CD11c on Langerhans cells, but did not cause them to migrate. Rapid migration from epidermis to draining lymph node was obtained, however, by exposure to antigen after removal of the stratum corneum, suggesting that maturation and migration of Langerhans cells are independently regulated events. These results suggest that antigen presentation by Langerhans cells gives predominantly Th2 responses. This may provide an explanation for allergic sensitization to some antigens. It may also be a useful non-invasive, non-adjuvant-dependent method of vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Strid
- Immunobiology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, GB.
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Farquhar C, Arroll B, Ekeroma A, Fentiman G, Lethaby A, Rademaker L, Roberts H, Sadler L, Strid J. An evidence-based guideline for the management of uterine fibroids. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2001; 41:125-40. [PMID: 11453261 DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-828x.2001.tb01198.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Farquhar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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Lund T, Strid J. Is lack of peripheral tolerance induction a cause for diabetes in the non-obese diabetic mouse? Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2001; 48:405-16. [PMID: 11140468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse is a spontaneous animal model for type 1 diabetes characterized by a selective destruction of the insulin producing beta cells in the pancreas. As in humans, the disease is controlled by several susceptibility genes, some of which map to the major histocompatibility complex on chromosome 17. However, environmental factors also contribute to the development of the disease in the NOD mouse, presumably through controlling the balance between the Th1 and Th2 response in the animal. Recent observations have shown that the NOD mouse has abnormalities in the development of bone marrow-derived antigen-presenting cells. These include the most potent activators of naive T cells, the dendritic cells, which exist in at least two different sub-populations; DC1 cells, responsible for activation of Th1 cells, and DC2 cells, which produce Th2 cells. In addition to activating naive T cells, the dendritic cells are also involved in generating central and peripheral tolerance to self molecules. In this process DC2 cells appear to be more important for the development of peripheral tolerance than DC1 cells. Besides abnormalities in the development of bone marrow-derived antigen-presenting cells, the NOD mouse also has a defect in the thymic selection of T cells, leading to a higher concentration of autoreactive T cells. We speculate that the NOD mouse may develop an imbalance in the two subsets of dendritic cells with a skewing towards DC cells, thus having a reduced ability to generate peripheral tolerance to a number of autoantigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lund
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Pathology, Windeyer Institute for Medical Sciences, University College London, UK.
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Strid J, Lopes L, Marcinkiewicz J, Petrovska L, Nowak B, Chain BM, Lund T. A defect in bone marrow derived dendritic cell maturation in the nonobesediabetic mouse. Clin Exp Immunol 2001; 123:375-81. [PMID: 11298122 PMCID: PMC1906008 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01473.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of diabetes in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse is characterized by a selective destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans mediated by autoreactive T cells. The function of T cells is controlled by dendritic cells (DC), which are not only the most potent activators of naïve T cells, but also contribute significantly to the establishment of central and peripheral tolerance. In this study, we demonstrate that the NOD mouse (H2: K(d), Ag(7), E*, D(b)) shows selective phenotypic and functional abnormalities in DC derived from bone marrow progeny cells in response to GM-CSF (DC(NOD)). NOD DC, in contrast to CBA DC, have very low levels of intracellular I-A molecules and cell surface expression of MHC class II, CD80, CD86 and CD40 but normal beta 2-microglobulin expression. Incubation with the strong inflammatory stimulus of LPS and IFN-gamma does not increase class II MHC, CD80 or CD86, but upregulates the level of CD40. The genetic defect observed in the DC(NOD) does not map to the MHC, because the DC from the MHC congenic NOD.H2(h4) mouse (H2: K(k), A(k), E(k), D(k)) shares the cell surface phenotype of the DC(NOD). DC from these NOD.H2(h4) also fail to present HEL or the appropriate HEL-peptide to an antigen-specific T cell hybridoma. However all the DC irrespective of origin were able to produce TNF-alpha, IL-6, low levels of IL-12(p70) and NO in response to LPS plus IFN-gamma. A gene or genes specific to the NOD strain, but outside the MHC region, therefore must regulate the differentiation of DC in response to GM-CSF. This defect may contribute to the complex genetic aetiology of the multifactorial autoimmune phenotype of the NOD strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Strid
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Pathology, The Windeyer Institute for Infectious Diseases, University College LondonLondon, UK
| | - L Lopes
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Pathology, The Windeyer Institute for Infectious Diseases, University College LondonLondon, UK
| | - J Marcinkiewicz
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical CollegePoland
| | - L Petrovska
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Pathology, The Windeyer Institute for Infectious Diseases, University College LondonLondon, UK
| | - B Nowak
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical CollegePoland
| | - B M Chain
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Pathology, The Windeyer Institute for Infectious Diseases, University College LondonLondon, UK
| | - T Lund
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Pathology, The Windeyer Institute for Infectious Diseases, University College LondonLondon, UK
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Lund T, Strid J. Is Lack of Peripheral Tolerance Induction a Cause for Diabetes in the Non-Obese Diabetic Mouse? Autoimmunity 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0981-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Loberg B, Nordgren A, Strid J, Easterling KE. The Role of Alloy Composition on the Stability of Nitrides in Ti-Microalloyed Steels during Weld Thermal Cycles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02644385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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