1
|
Wang Y, Quan J, Cheng X, Li C, Yuan Z. Relationship of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) gut microbiota and bioconversion efficiency with properties of substrates. Waste Manag 2024; 180:106-114. [PMID: 38564911 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Treating food waste using black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) is widely regarded as a promising nature-based measure. This study explored the influence of food waste particle sizes on substrate properties and its subsequent effects on bioconversion efficiency and gut microbiota. The results indicated that particle sizes mainly ranging from 4 mm to 10 mm (T1) significantly increased the weight loss rate of food waste by 35 % and larval biomass by 38 % compared to those in T4 (particle sizes mostly less than 2 mm) and promoted the bioconversion of carbon and nitrogen into larvae and gases. Investigation of substrates properties indicated that the final pH value of T1 was 7.79 ± 0.10, with Anaerococcus as the predominant substrate microorganism (relative abundance: 57.4 %), while T4 exhibited a final pH value of 5.71 ± 0.24, with Lactobacillus as the dominant microorganism (relative abundance: 95.2 %). Correlation analysis between substrate chemical properties and microbial community structure unveiled a strong relationship between substrate pH and the relative abundance of Anaerococcus and Lactobacillus. Furthermore, beneficial microorganisms such as Lactobacillus and Enterococcus colonized the BSFL gut of T1, while pathogenic bacterium Morganella, detrimental to BSFL gut function, was enriched in T4 (relative abundance: 60.9 %). Nevertheless, PCA analysis indicated that alterations in the gut microbial community structure may not be attributed to the substrate microorganisms. This study establishes particle size as a crucial parameter for BSFL bioconversion and advances understanding of the relationship between gut microbiota and substrate microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiawei Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chunxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Lishui Institute of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 212200, China
| | - Zengwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Lishui Institute of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 212200, China; Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Youn HM, Zhang Y, Liu A, Ng CS, Liang J, Lau GKK, Lee SF, Lok J, Lam CLK, Wan EYF, Quan J. Decline in Cancer Diagnoses during the 'Zero COVID' Policy in Hong Kong: Indirect Spillover Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024; 36:157-164. [PMID: 38262779 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Despite a largely successful 'zero COVID' policy in 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted routine cancer services in the city of Hong Kong. The aims of this study were to examine the trends in cancer incidence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and estimate missed cancer diagnoses. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used population-based data from the Hong Kong Cancer Registry 1983-2020 to examine the trends of age- and sex-standardised cancer incidence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We applied: (i) the annual average percentage change (AAPC) calculated using the Joinpoint regression model and (ii) the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model to forecast cancer incidence rates in 2020. Missed cancer diagnoses in 2020 were estimated by comparing forecasted incidence rates to reported rates. A subgroup analysis was conducted by sex, age and cancer site. RESULTS The cancer incidence in Hong Kong declined by 4.4% from 2019 to 2020 (male 8.1%; female 1.1%) compared with the long-term AAPC of 0.5% from 2005 to 2019 (95% confidence interval 0.3, 0.7). The gap between the reported and forecasted incidence for 2020 ranged from 5.1 to 5.7% (male 8.5%, 9.8%; female 2.3%, 3.5%). We estimated 1525-1596 missed cancer diagnoses (ARIMA estimate -98, 3148; AAPC 514, 1729) in 2020. Most missed diagnoses were in males (ARIMA 1361 [327, 2394]; AAPC 1401 [1353, 1460]), with an estimated 479-557 missed cases of colorectal cancer (ARIMA 112, 837; AAPC 518, 597) and 256-352 missed cases of prostate cancer (AAPC 231, 280; ARIMA 110, 594). CONCLUSION The incidence of new cancer diagnoses declined in 2020 contrary to the long-term increase over the previous decades. Significantly lower diagnoses than expected were observed in males, particularly for colorectal and prostate cancers. Fewer reported cancer cases indicate missed diagnoses and could lead to delayed treatment that could impact future health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H M Youn
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y Zhang
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - A Liu
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C S Ng
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Liang
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - G K K Lau
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S F Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore
| | - J Lok
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C L K Lam
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - E Y F Wan
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D(2)4H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Quan
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; HKU Business School, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Quan J, Wang Y, Cheng X, Li C, Yuan Z. Revealing the effects of fermented food waste on the growth and intestinal microorganisms of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae. Waste Manag 2023; 171:580-589. [PMID: 37820415 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The escalating global food waste (FW) issues necessitate sustainable management strategies. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) offer a promising solution for FW management by converting organic matter into insect protein. However, the fermentation of FW during production, collection, and transportation induces changes in FW's physicochemical properties and bacterial communities, requiring further exploration of its impact on BSFL growth and gut microbiota. The results showed that feeding FW fermented for different durations (0-10 d) slightly affected the BSFL yield. Feeding FW fermented for 8 d, characterized by a lower pH and higher biodiversity, resulted in a slight increase in larval biomass (222 mg/larvae). Nearly all groups harvested the peak larval biomass after 10 day's bioconversion. The fermentation significantly altered the microbial community of FW, with an increase in the abundance of unclassified_f_Clostridiaceae and a decrease in Lactobacillus abundance. As bioconversion progressed, intricate and mutualistic microbial interactions likely occurred between the BSFL gut and FW substrate, restructuring each other's microbial community. Specifically, the abundance of unclassified_f_Clostridiaceae increased in the BSFL gut, while its abundance in the initial larval gut was extremely low (<1 %). Despite the substrate microbial changes and interactions, a stable core gut microbiota was identified across all BSFL samples, primarily composed of nine genera dominated by Enterococcus and Klebsiella. This core gut microbiome may play a crucial role in facilitating the adaptation of BSFL to various environmental conditions and maintaining efficient FW bioconversion. These findings enhance our understanding of the role of BSFL gut microbiota in FW bioconversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chunxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Lishui Institute of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 212200, China
| | - Zengwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Lishui Institute of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 212200, China; Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Markovinovic A, Herauf M, Quan J, Hracs L, Windsor JW, Sharifi N, Coward S, Caplan L, Gorospe J, Ma C, Panaccione R, Ingram R, Kanji J, Tipples G, Holodinsky J, Berstein C, Mahoney D, Bernatsky S, Benchimol E, Kaplan GG. A170 ADVERSE EVENTS & SEROLOGICAL RESPONSES FOLLOWING SARS-COV-2 VACCINATION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991202 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The rapid development and distribution of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has raised concerns surrounding vaccine safety in immunocompromised populations, such as those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Purpose We described adverse events (AEs) following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in those with IBD and determined relationships between AEs to post-vaccination antibody titres. Method Individuals with IBD from a prospective cohort in Calgary, Canada (n=670) who received a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and/or 4th dose of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, and/or AstraZeneca) were interviewed via telephone for AEs using the Adverse Events Following Immunization form. Subsequently, we assessed injection site reaction as a specific AE outcome. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody (anti-S) levels within 1–12 weeks of vaccination and injection site reaction following 1st, 2nd, and 3rd dose vaccination. Models were adjusted for age, sex, IBD type, IBD medications, vaccine type, and prior COVID-19 infection. Additionally, we evaluated the risk of flare of IBD within 30 days of vaccination via chart review. Result(s) Table 1 describes AEs in individuals with IBD following 1st dose (n=331), 2nd dose (n=331), 3rd dose (n=195), and 4th dose (n=100) of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. AEs were reported in 83.3% of participants after 1st dose, 79.1% after 2nd dose, 77.4% after 3rd dose, and 67.0% after 4th dose. Injection site reaction (pain, redness, etc.) was the most common AE (50.8% of AEs), with fatigue and malaise (18.1%), headache and migraine (8.6%), musculoskeletal discomfort (8.2%), and fever and chills (6.5%) also commonly reported. Multivariable logistic regression determined no associations between anti-S concentration and injection site reaction for all doses. Age above 65 years was associated with decreased injection site reaction following 1st and 3rd doses, while female sex and mRNA vaccine type were associated with increased injection site reaction following 1st and 2nd doses. Prior COVID-19 infection, IBD type, and medication class were not associated with injection site reaction with any dose. Only one participant was diagnosed with a severe AE requiring hospitalization: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) following 2nd dose of a Pfizer vaccination. No cases of IBD flare occurred within 30 days of vaccination. Image ![]()
Conclusion(s) AEs following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are generally mild and become less common with each consecutive dose. Antibody levels following each dose of the vaccine were not associated with injection site reactions. Females, those under 65 years of age, and those administered mRNA vaccines were more likely to experience an injection site reaction. Prior COVID-19 infection, IBD type, and IBD medication class did not predict injection site reactions. Vaccination was not associated with IBD flare within 30 days of vaccination. Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below Other Please indicate your source of funding; Helmsley Disclosure of Interest A. Markovinovic: None Declared, M. Herauf: None Declared, J. Quan: None Declared, L. Hracs: None Declared, J. Windsor: None Declared, N. Sharifi: None Declared, S. Coward: None Declared, L. Caplan: None Declared, J. Gorospe: None Declared, C. Ma Grant / Research support from: Ferring, Pfizer, , Consultant of: AbbVie, Alimentiv, Amgen, Ferring, Pfizer, Takeda, , Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Alimentiv, Amgen, Ferring, Pfizer, Takeda, R. Panaccione Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Ferring, Janssen, Pfizer, Takeda, Consultant of: Abbott, AbbVie, Alimentiv, Amgen, Arena, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Cosmos Pharmaceuticals, Eisai, Elan, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Galapagos, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Oppilan Pharma, Pandion Therapeutics, Pandion Pharma, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist, Roche, Sandoz, Satisfai Health, Schering-Plough, Shire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda, Theravance, UCB, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Arena, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Shire, Takeda, R. Ingram: None Declared, J. Kanji: None Declared, G. Tipples: None Declared, J. Holodinsky: None Declared, C. Berstein Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Janssen, Pfizer, Takeda, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, Takeda, D. Mahoney: None Declared, S. Bernatsky: None Declared, E. Benchimol: None Declared, G. Kaplan Grant / Research support from: Ferring, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J Quan
- University of Calgary, Calgary
| | - L Hracs
- University of Calgary, Calgary
| | | | | | | | | | | | - C Ma
- University of Calgary, Calgary
| | | | | | - J Kanji
- University of Calgary, Calgary
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Caplan LN, Sharifi N, Markovinovic A, Herauf M, Quan J, Hracs L, Windsor JW, Coward S, Ma C, Panaccione R, Hagel B, Kaplan GG. A193 DEMOGRAPHIC, SOCIAL AND OCCUPATIONAL FACTORS THAT PREVENTED EXPOSURE TO SARS-COV-2 IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATIENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991122 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is a rapidly evolving public health emergency in which mundane behaviors such as grocery shopping or restaurant dining are considered high-risk for some, such as persons with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who are often immunodeficient due to medications. Research on the behavioral exposures experienced by populations with IBD during the COVID-19 pandemic are lacking. Purpose We aim to better understand how the behaviors of persons with IBD are associated with COVID-19 diagnoses. Method We conducted a prospective serosurveillance cohort study in Calgary to assess exposure to SARS-CoV-2 from Nov. 1, 2020 to Aug. 8, 2022 in 485 individuals with IBD. A diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 was defined as a molecular-confirmed PCR test, a self-report home antigen test, or a positive nucleocapsid antibody level. Participants completed a self-report electronic questionnaire on social and occupational risk activities stratified across two time periods: Jan. 2020 to Mar. 2020 (before lockdown) and post-Jun. 2020 (post lockdown). Univariate analyses (χ2 and Fischer’s exact if n≤5) were performed on social activities that occurred following the lockdown among those with IBD who were and were not diagnosed with COVID-19. Occupational exposures were compared across essential workers (EW) (i.e., frontline workers at high risk of COVID) and non-EWs. Result(s) Overall, 37.5% (n=182) of our cohort was diagnosed with COVID-19. Seniors were less likely to be infected with COVID-19 (22.7%) compared to those under the age of 65 (40.8%) (p=0.002). A greater proportion of females (42.6 %) compared to males (32.5%) were COVID positive (p=0.02). Those with Crohn’s disease (38.3%) were as likely to test positive for COVID-19 as those with ulcerative colitis (36%) (p=0.65). COVID positive patients were less likely to have 4 vaccine doses (28.5%) compared to those who tested negative (71.5%) (p=0.4). Statistically significant decreases (p<0.001) in engagement post-Jun. 2020 were observed for: bar use (11.6% to 2.1%), visiting a friend (44.5% to 15.2%), having visitors over (38.7% to 12.1%), restaurant dining (38% to 9%), indoor fitness (31.9% to 8.4%), and transit use (11% to 1.3%). There was an increase in regular use of outdoor fitness (31.9% to 67.1%, p<0.003). Persons with IBD who tested positive for COVID-19 were more likely to regularly dine in a restaurant (16.8% vs. 4.7% for COVID negative, p<0.001), engage in indoor fitness activities (14% vs. 5.1%, p<0.001), and travel outside Calgary (21% vs. 11.2%, p=0.004) post-lockdown. Post-lockdown, a greater proportion of EW were COVID positive (50.4%) compared to non-EW (38.6%) (p=0.04). Image ![]()
Conclusion(s) Over a two-year period, two-thirds of our cohort did not test positive for COVID-19. Those with IBD who avoided COVID tended to be older, male, have 4 doses of vaccine, and reduce their risk of exposure through social and occupational modifications, perhaps in response to public health guidance. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L N Caplan
- Community Health Sciences,IBD Clinic- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - N Sharifi
- Community Health Sciences,IBD Clinic- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - A Markovinovic
- IBD Clinic- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - M Herauf
- IBD Clinic- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - J Quan
- IBD Clinic- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - L Hracs
- IBD Clinic- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - J W Windsor
- IBD Clinic- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - S Coward
- IBD Clinic- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - C Ma
- IBD Clinic- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - R Panaccione
- IBD Clinic- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - G G Kaplan
- Community Health Sciences,IBD Clinic- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sharifi N, Ma C, Seow C, Quan J, Hracs L, Caplan L, Markovinović A, Herauf M, Windsor J, Coward S, Buie M, Gorospe J, Panaccione R, Kaplan G. A195 DURABILITY OF SEROLOGICAL RESPONSES AFTER SECOND, THIRD AND FOURTH DOSE OF SARS-COV-2 VACCINATION IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991316 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adequate serological responses following two-dose regimens and additional doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination have been demonstrated for the vast majority of those with IBD. However, antibody levels following 2nd, 3rd, and 4th dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination may decrease over time in the IBD population. Purpose We assessed the durability of serological responses to 2nd, 3rd, and 4th dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination over time in a cohort of IBD patients. Method Adults with IBD who received at least one dose of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (n=559) were evaluated for serological response to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 using the Abbott IgG II Quant assay with a seroconversion threshold of ≥ 50 AU/mL. The geometric mean titer (GMT) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated and stratified by weeks (1–8, 8–16, 16–24, 24+ weeks) after each vaccine dose. We compared stratified GMTs with Mann–Whitney U tests using a significance level of 0.05. Result(s) Our cohort (n=559) comprised the following patient characteristics: 82.8% were 18–65 years-old (n = 463), 53.1% were female (n =297), and 71.6% had Crohn’s disease (n =400). IBD medications were classified in the following mutually exclusive groups: No immunosuppressives 10.5% (n = 59), anti-TNF monotherapy 35.8% (n = 200), immunomodulatory monotherapy 2.1% (n =12 ), vedolizumab 11.8% (n =66 ), ustekinumab 20.4% (n =114 ), tofacitinib 1.2% (n =7 ), combination therapy 15.9% (n = 89), and prednisone 2.1% (n =12). For vaccine type, 85.6% and 82.3% had Pfizer for 3rd and 4th dose, respectively, while the remainder had Moderna. Seroconversion rates 1–8 weeks after 3rd and 4th dose were both 99.9%. Figure 1 compares GMTs with 95% CI by weeks after each vaccine dose. GMTs are highest 1–8 weeks after 2nd dose (4053 AU/mL; 95% CI: 3468, 4737 AU/mL; n=337), 3rd dose (12116 AU/mL; 10413, 14098 AU/mL; n=256), and 4th dose (14337 AU/mL; 10429, 19710 AU/mL; n=67). Subsequently, antibody levels decay from 1–8 weeks to 8–16 weeks (p<0.001) for 2nd dose (mean difference: –2224 AU/mL), 3rd dose (mean difference: –7526 AU/mL), and 4th dose (mean difference: –9715 AU/mL). Compared to 16–24 weeks after 2nd dose, antibody levels 24+ weeks after were similar (GMTs: 795 AU/mL vs. 1043 AU/mL, p=0.52). For third dose, antibody levels 8–16 weeks and 16–24 weeks after vaccination were similar (4590 AU/mL vs. 4073 AU/mL, p=0.73) along with 16–24 weeks compared to 24+ weeks after vaccination (4073 AU/mL vs. 5876 AU/mL, p=0.18). Image ![]()
Conclusion(s) Within 1–8 weeks after each dose of vaccine, serological responses spikes with each subsequent dose yielding a higher GMT. While antibody levels decay 8–16 weeks after each dose, similar GMT levels beyond 16 weeks may indicate durability of antibody levels over a longer duration of time. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Sharifi
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - C Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - C Seow
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - J Quan
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - L Hracs
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - L Caplan
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - A Markovinović
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - M Herauf
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - J Windsor
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - S Coward
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - M Buie
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - J Gorospe
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - R Panaccione
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - G Kaplan
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Quan J, Zhao S, Song D, Wang T, He W, Li G. Comparative life cycle assessment of LFP and NCM batteries including the secondary use and different recycling technologies. Sci Total Environ 2022; 819:153105. [PMID: 35041948 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries and lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM) batteries are the most widely used power lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in electric vehicles (EVs) currently. The future trend is to reuse LIBs retired from EVs for other applications, such as energy storage systems (ESS). However, the environmental performance of LIBs during the entire life cycle, from the cradle to the grave, has not been extensively discussed. In this study, life cycle assessment (LCA) was used to quantify and compare the environmental impacts of LFP and NCM batteries. Apart from the phases of production, the first use in EVs, and recycling, the repurposing of retired LIBs and their secondary use in the ESS were also included in the system boundary. Also, the environmental impacts of various recycling processes were evaluated. The LCA results suggested that the NCM battery had better comprehensive environmental performance than the LFP one but shorter service life over the whole life cycle. In China, the first and secondary use phases contributed most to the environmental impacts with electricity mostly generated from fossil fuels. The LIB production phase was relevant to all assessed impact categories and contributed more than 50% to Abiotic Depletion Potential (ADP elements) particularly. The environmental loads could be mitigated through the recovery of metals and other materials. And, hydrometallurgy was recommended for recycling waste LIBs by better environmental advantages than pyrometallurgy and direct physical recycling. Sensitivity analysis revealed that by optimizing the charge-discharge efficiency of LIBs, particularly LFP batteries, all environmental burdens could be considerably decreased. Therefore, improving the electrochemical performance of LIBs and increasing the use proportion of clean energy were crucial to reduce the environmental impacts over their entire life cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Mingjing Building, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Mingjing Building, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Duanmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Mingjing Building, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Mingjing Building, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhi He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Mingjing Building, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Mingjing Building, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao S, Quan J, Wang T, Song D, Huang J, He W, Li G. Unveiling the recycling characteristics and trends of spent lithium-ion battery: a scientometric study. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:9448-9461. [PMID: 34855174 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17814-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is both essential to sustainable resource utilization and environmental conservation. While spent batteries possess a resource value, they pose an environmental hazard at the same time. Since the start of development to recycle spent LIBs in 1990s, important contributions have been made and a number of achievements have been accomplished by scholars globally. Therefore, it is valuable to summarize the developments on spent LIB recycling and to analyze the characteristics and trends comprehensively. A review of the progress in this field will provide guidance for future development. In this study, recycling characteristics and developing trends including the research foundation, milestone, research hotspot, key technologies, and emerging trends were identified based on visual scientometric analysis followed by a discussion on future research directions in this area. For the analysis, 1041 publications in English were collected, summarized, and categorized. The distribution of scientific publications on spent LIB recycling from 1995 to 2020 displayed an increasing trend in numbers. China made the biggest contribution with 528 publications and basically cooperated with all other countries. The research fields with the highest contributions were "engineering", "chemistry", and "environmental science and technology". The keywords recovery, lithium ion battery, and cobalt appeared in high frequency. "Metal value" was identified as the most frequently used keyword which began to burst in 2005 and ended in 2013.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Mingjing Building, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Quan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Mingjing Building, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianya Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Mingjing Building, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Duanmei Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Mingjing Building, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Juwen Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Mingjing Building, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhi He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Mingjing Building, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangming Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Mingjing Building, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hu H, Quan J, Tan Z, Fu JH, Liang YJ, Li JX. Synthesis and Properties of Dimercury(I) Crystal Network Constructed with Functionalized Pyrazine Sulfonate and Nitrate Linkers. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221050224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
10
|
Zhuang Z, Ding R, Qiu Y, Wu J, Zhou S, Quan J, Zheng E, Li Z, Wu Z, Yang J. A large-scale genome-wide association analysis reveals QTL and candidate genes for intramuscular fat content in Duroc pigs. Anim Genet 2021; 52:518-522. [PMID: 34060118 DOI: 10.1111/age.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at identifying genomic regions and genes associated with intramuscular fat content (IMF) in Duroc pigs using a weighted single-step GWAS. Data from 3912 pigs, of which 3770 animals were genotyped with GeneSeek Porcine 50K Bead chip, were used for the association analysis. We identified 19 genomic regions that each explained >1% of the additive genetic variance associated with IMF. Notably, a consistent QTL on SSC7 (117.42-117.92 Mb) was confirmed, explaining 3.70% of the additive genetic variance, and two genes, BDKRB2 and ATG2B, were highlighted as promising candidates for IMF. Two QTL (SSC7, 94.19-94.64 Mb; SSC14, 123.25-123.75 Mb), which harbored MED6 and MAP3K9 genes and TCF7L2 gene respectively, were newly identified as associated with IMF. In conclusion, we identified a consistent QTL and additional genomic regions and genes that contributed to the genetic variance of IMF using a large-scale sample size of genotyped pigs and genealogical information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhuang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - R Ding
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Y Qiu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - J Wu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - S Zhou
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - J Quan
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - E Zheng
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Z Li
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Z Wu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - J Yang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Iannuzzi J, Leong JH, Quan J, King JA, Windsor JW, Tanyingoh D, Coward S, Forbes N, Heitman S, Buie M, Underwood F, Kaplan GG. A246 THE GLOBAL INCIDENCE OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS IS INCREASING OVER TIME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab002.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Acute pancreatitis is a common disease with significant associated morbidity and mortality. Historically, acute pancreatitis has been considered a disease with multiple etiologies and risk factors but is driven by alcohol and biliary disease. Multiple studies have shown that the incidence of acute pancreatitis is increasing globally among both adults and children.
Aims
The purpose of this study was to assess temporal trends in incidence of acute pancreatitis globally.
Methods
We performed a systematic literature search to identify population-based studies reporting the annual incidence of acute pancreatitis. Abstracts were independently assessed in duplicate to identify applicable papers for full-text review and data extraction. Joinpoint temporal trend analyses were performed to calculate the average annual percent change (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The AAPCs were pooled in a meta-analysis to capture the overall and regional trends in acute pancreatitis incidence over time. Temporal data were summarized in a static map and an interactive, web-based map to illustrate global differences.
Results
Forty-five studies reported the temporal incidence of acute pancreatitis (static map provided, online interactive map: https://kaplan-acute-pancreatitis-ucalgary.hub.arcgis.com/). The incidence of acute pancreatitis has increased from 1961 to 2016 (AAPC = 2.89%; 95% CI: 2.26, 3.52; n=41). Increasing incidence was observed in North America (AAPC = 2.71%; 95% CI: 1.93, 3.50; n=10) and Europe (AAPC = 2.79%; 95% CI: 1.95, 3.63; n=24). The incidence of acute pancreatitis was stable in Asia (AAPC = −0.28%; 95% CI: −5.03, 4.47; n=2).
Conclusions
This meta-analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the global incidence of acute pancreatitis over the last five decades and demonstrates a steadily rising incidence over time in most countries of the Western world. More studies are needed to better define the changing incidence of acute pancreatitis in Asia, Africa and Latin America.
Funding Agencies
None
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Iannuzzi
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J H Leong
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J Quan
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J A King
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J W Windsor
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - S Coward
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - N Forbes
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S Heitman
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Buie
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - G G Kaplan
- Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ali QA, Domínguez-González C, Cohen B, Berardo A, Haas R, Konersman C, McFarland R, D'Souza G, Quan J, Thompson B, Hirano M. MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES & METABOLIC MYOPATHIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
13
|
Paradas C, Domínguez-González C, Madruga-Garrido M, Hirano M, Martí I, Munell F, Nascimento A, Olivé M, Quan J, Sardina D, Martí R. MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES & METABOLIC MYOPATHIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
14
|
Li SJ, Mei QH, Zeng SY, Lai LL, Quan J, Zhang X. Protective effect of sonic hedgehog signaling pathway activation on acute myocardial infarction. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:367-378. [PMID: 32515175 DOI: 10.23812/19-451-a-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To study changes in the sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the protective effect of changes in Shh signaling pathway activity on AMI, specific pathogen-free (SPF) C57BL/6 mice were treated with left anterior descending (LAD) ligation to establish an AMI model. The samples were collected on the 1st, 3rd, 14th, and 21st days after AMI induction. After the operations, the mice were administered the Shh signaling pathway receptor agonist SAG1.3 (5 mg/kg/d) and antagonist SANT-1 (3.3 mg/kg/d) by intraperitoneal injection. The myocardial ischemia model was established by oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) in vitro. The AMI mouse model and the in vitro OGD-induced myocardial ischemia model were established. The Smo agonist SAG1.3 was used to activate the Shh signaling pathway, thereby reducing the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax. The number of apoptotic cells was reduced. Administration of the antagonist SANT-1 inhibited Shh signaling pathway activity by increasing the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax, and the number of apoptotic cells increased. In conclusion, activation of the Shh signaling pathway improved cardiac functions and myocardial remodeling and reduced the apoptosis of myocardial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Q H Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - S Y Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - L L Lai
- Department of Drug Clinical Trials, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Quan
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xiong Z, Fu L, Zhou H, Liu JK, Wang AM, Huang Y, Huang X, Yi B, Wu J, Li CH, Quan J, Li M, Leng YS, Luo WJ, Hu CP, Liao WH. [Construction and evaluation of a novel diagnosis pathway for 2019-Corona Virus Disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 100:1223-1229. [PMID: 32157849 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200228-00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To construct and evaluate a diagnosis pathway (Xiangya pathway) for Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: Consecutive subjects aged ≥12 years old who were screened for COVID-19 were included in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 23 to February 3, 2020, and the subjects were further divided into the inception cohort and the validation cohort. The gender, age, onset time of disease of the subjects were recorded. The information of epidemiological history, fever, and the declined blood lymphocytes were collected as clinical indicators, CT scan was used to evaluate the possibility of COVID-19 and range of lung involvement. According to the current Chinese national standards, throat swabs of suspected cases were collected and the nucleic acid of COVID-19 was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The Xiangya pathway was constructed with multi-indexes, compared with clinical indicators, CT results and Chinese national standards, their effectiveness of detecting confirmed cases were verified in the inception and validation cohort. Results: A total of 382 consecutive adults who was screened for COVID-19 were included, and 261 cases were in the inception cohort and 121 cases were in the validation cohort. Among the 382 cases, 192 were males (50.3%) and 190 were females (49.7%), with a median age of 35 years (range: 15-92 years). There were 183 cases (47.9%) with epidemiological history, 275 cases (72.0%) with fever, 212 cases (55.5%) with decreased peripheral blood lymphocytes, 114 cases (29.8%) with positive CT findings, 43 cases (11.3%) with positive CT-COVID-19, and 30 cases (7.9%) with positive virus nucleic acid by throat swab. Compared with clinical indicators, the sensitivity and specificity of CT were 0.950 and 0.704, respectively. The accuracy of CT to make a definite diagnosis was higher than that of epidemiological history, fever, and declined blood lymphocyte count (0.809 vs 0.660, 0.532, 0.596, P=0.001, 0.002, 0.003, respectively). The sensitivity of this pathway and the pathway recommended by the Health Commission of China were both high (all were 1.000), while the specificity and accuracy of the Xiangya pathway were higher than the one recommended by the Health Commission (0.872 vs 0.765, 0.778 vs 0.592, both P<0.001). The CT-COVID-19 reduced the missed diagnosis rate caused by false negative of nucleic acid test (31 vs 64), with difference rate of 51.6%, and the positive rate of nucleic acid test was 64.5% (20/31). In validation cohort, the specificity and accuracy of the Xiangya pathway was 0.967, the positive rate of nucleic acid test was 76.9%(10/13). Conclusions: The Xiangya pathway can predict the nucleic acid test results of COVID-19, and can be applied as a reliable strategy to screen patients with suspected COVID-19 among people aged ≥12 years in areas other than Hubei during the epidemic period of COVID-19. The cohort size needs to be increased for further validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Xiong
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - L Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - H Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - J K Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - A M Wang
- Department of Emergency, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Y Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - X Huang
- Department of Infection Control Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - B Yi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - J Wu
- Department of Medical Section, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - C H Li
- Department of Infection Control Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - J Quan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Y S Leng
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - W J Luo
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - C P Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - W H Liao
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Windsor JW, Buie M, Coward S, Gearry R, Hansen T, King JA, Kotze P, Ma C, Ng S, Panaccione N, Panaccione R, Quan J, Seow C, Underwood F, Kaplan GG. A28 RELATIVE RATES OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS TO CROHN’S DISEASE: PARALLEL EPIDEMIOLOGIES IN NEWLY VS. HIGHLY INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz047.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) first presents in a population as cases of ulcerative colitis (UC) followed by cases of Crohn’s disease (CD). Newly industrialized countries (NIC) show a prallel epidemiology of IBD to highly industrialized countries (HIC) in the previous century; one marker of this is the relative incidence/prevalence rates of UC to CD, which approximates 1 over time.
Aims
Provide evidence for the UC:CD ratio as a proxy for disease penatrance in a population.
Methods
Systematic review of MedLine and Embase for studies reporting incidence or prevalence of UC and CD. Log-linear regression (by region and NIC/HIC [2019 United Nations definitions]) was used to calculate average annual percent change (AAPC) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CI). Data were plotted on an online, interactive map to show trends (link provided).
Results
We extracted data from 218 studies compising population-level data from 69 countries. We found negative AAPCs as the prevalence ratio of UC:CD significantly decreased over time in East Asia, West Asia, North Europe, and South Europe; 6/12 global regions displayed significantly decreasing incidence ratios. No AAPC was found to be significantly increasing (Table 1). When examing HIC/NIC, we found a significant effect of NIC on the UC:CD prevalence ratio after 2000 (AAPC:−3.83;95%CI:−6.28,−1.31) while HIC regions remained stable (AAPC:2.14;95%CI:−1.40,5.82). Looking at all available data, both HICs and NICs show significantly decreasing UC:CD prevalence ratios (HIC:AAPC:−3.72;95% CI:−4.46,−2.97; NIC:AAPC:−2.62;95%CI:−4.13,−1.08).
Conclusions
In some HICs (eg. Canada), the UC:CD incidence ratio was <1 in the earliest available data (1966), explaining the stable AAPC in North America (AAPC:−0.24;95%CI:−1.12,0.65). However, in NICs (eg. Southern Asia), the AAPC is rapidly decreasing (AAPC:−24.68;95%CI:−37.85,−8.71) as areas like Sri Lanka rapidly fall from an incidence ratio of 7.5 (2007) to 2.8 (2012), mimicking trends in IBD epidimeology of HICs in the previous century.
Funding Agencies
None
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J W Windsor
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Buie
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S Coward
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - R Gearry
- University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - T Hansen
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J A King
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - P Kotze
- Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - C Ma
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S Ng
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - N Panaccione
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - J Quan
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - C Seow
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - F Underwood
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - G G Kaplan
- Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fu Y, Sun LQ, Huang Y, Quan J, Hu X, Tang D, Kang R, Li N, Fan XG. miR-142-3p Inhibits the Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Regulating HMGB1 Gene Expression. Curr Mol Med 2019; 18:135-141. [PMID: 30198432 DOI: 10.2174/1566524018666180907161124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-coding small RNAs are involved in organism development, and their aberrant regulation induces various diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but their exact mechanisms have not been determined. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate the role of miR-142-3p on HMGB1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS Expression levels of miR-142-3p in HCC tissues and cultured cells were measured by RT-PCR. The invasion and metastasis abilities of HepG2 cells according to Transwell migration and invasion assays, and protein expression was measured by western blotting. RESULTS The present study reported that miR-142-3p promotes the invasion and migration of HCC cells. miR-142-3p levels are lower in HCC tissues than in adjacent non-cancerous tissues, suggesting a tumor suppressor role for miR-142-3p. Highmobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is an oncogene that promotes the metastasis of HCC. miR-142-3p or HMGB1 knockdown alone inhibits the invasion and migration of HCC cells, and HMGB1 overexpression impedes the effect of miR-142-3p. Further studies showed that HMGB1 is a direct target gene of miR-142-3p in HCC. miR-142-3p represses HMGB1 gene transcription by directly binding to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of HMGB1, thereby inhibiting cancer cell invasion and migration. CONCLUSION This study, for the first time, reports that miR-142-3p is a novel tumor suppressor that inhibits the invasion and migration of HCC cells by directly regulating gene transcription of HMGB1. Thus, miR-142-3p may be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - L-Q Sun
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Y Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - J Quan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - X Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - D Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - R Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - N Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - X-G Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen K, Quan J, Yang J, Chen Z. The potential markers of endocrine resistance among HR+ /HER2+ breast cancer patients. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:576-584. [PMID: 31209793 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02163-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer with positive hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is a special subgroup with different clinical features and survival, especially the endocrine therapy resistance. The main purpose of the study is to find the potential markers to predict the survival and endocrine therapy resistance of patients with HR+ /HER2+ breast cancer. METHODS Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to collect patients' clinical information and tumor features including age, tumor size, grade, stage and long-term survival; the BioPortal for Cancer Genomics (https://cbioportal.org) was used to download the gene data for specific patient group; cluster analyses of gene expression were conducted through the DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.8 software. RESULTS All of the included patients were diagnosed as HR positive breast cancer, but the PR positive rates were more common in HER2- group and also the ER+ /PR+ disease. Patients in HR+ /HER2+ group were more likely to present as stage III-IV and grade III disease. Among HR+ /HER2+ patients, 68.6% received chemotherapy, while only 28.9% in HR+ /HER2- group received chemotherapy (P < 0.0001). The survival of HR+ /HER2+ group was poorer. From TCGA database, series genes which were differed between HR+ /HER2+ and HR+ /HER2- were screened out that related to ERBB2 closely: IKZF3, LASP1, CDK12, MLLT6, and RARA. The first three candidate genes were associated with patients' survival, especially in patients who received hormone therapies. CONCLUSION This study analyzed the clinical characteristics and survival of patients with HR+/HER2+ breast cancer as a special subgroup. ERBB2, IKZF3, LASP1, and CDK12 were the potential markers of the resistance of endocrine therapy, and they will provide new strategies for clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - J Quan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - J Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710000, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Province People's Hospital, No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Quan J, Panaccione N, King JA, Underwood F, Windsor JW, Coward S, Gidrewicz D, Kaplan GG. A257 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CELIAC DISEASE AND AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Quan
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - J A King
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - J W Windsor
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S Coward
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - G G Kaplan
- Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Iannuzzi J, Leung J, Quan J, Underwood F, King JA, Windsor JW, Kaplan GG. A256 GLOBAL INCIDENCE OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS THROUGH TIME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Iannuzzi
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J Leung
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J Quan
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - J A King
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J W Windsor
- Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - G G Kaplan
- Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
King JA, Jeong J, Underwood F, Quan J, Panaccione N, Windsor JW, Coward S, deBruyn J, Ronksley P, Shaheen AM, Quan H, Veldhuyzen van Zanten S, Lebwohl B, Kaplan GG. A261 INCIDENCE OF CELIAC DISEASE IS INCREASING OVER TIME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J A King
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J Jeong
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - J Quan
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | | | - S Coward
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J deBruyn
- Paediatrics , University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - P Ronksley
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - H Quan
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - B Lebwohl
- Columbia University, White Plains, NY
| | - G G Kaplan
- Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Windsor JW, Buie M, Coward S, King JA, Underwood F, Quan J, Panaccione R, Seow C, Kaplan GG. A31 GLOBAL BURDEN OF HOSPITALIZATION FOR PERSONS WITH IBD IN THE 21ST CENTURY: TIME TREND ANALYSES. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Buie
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S Coward
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J A King
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - J Quan
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - C Seow
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - G G Kaplan
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang HY, Ruan LB, Li Y, Yang TR, Liu WJ, Jiang YX, Li TR, Quan J, Xuan W. ICOS/ICOSL upregulation mediates inflammatory response and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22:8898-8908. [PMID: 30575933 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201812_16659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ICOS/ICOSL plays a crucial part in various disease-mediated immune responses. However, the exact role of ICOS/ICOSL in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the role of ICOS/ICOSL in the pathogenesis of T2DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (CD3) and umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with high-glucose (HG) or advanced glycation end products (AGEs). A portion of CD3 cells was co-cultured with HUVECs and treated with different mediums or anti-ICOS mAbs. The ICOS/ICOSL and caspase-3 protein expression was measured by Western blotting. ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), and NOx production assays were respectively used to detect cytokines level, cell viability and the production of NOx. RESULTS HG and AGEs significantly upregulated ICOS/ICOSL expressions in T cells and HUVECs. T cell contact with HUVECs secreted more IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10 compared to non-contact cells, while cytokines from IL-6-, IL-1β-, and CM- (the conditioned medium) treated cells did not differ from the control. A significant increase of IL-8 and IL-6 was found in HUVECs under both contact and non-contact conditions vs. control cells. Similar results were also observed in the comparison between CM1- (T cell condition medium) or CM2- (co-culture condition medium) treated cells and control cells. However, CM1 and CM2 treatment significantly inhibited cell viability and increased caspase-3 and NOx production; blocking ICOS/ICOSL remarkably decreased cytokines secretion, enhanced cell viability and reduced caspase-3 and NOx production. CONCLUSIONS HG and AGEs cause T cell inflammatory response and vascular endothelial dysfunction by upregulating ICOS/ICOSL, which may be one of the possible mechanisms of cardiovascular complications development in T2DM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H-Y Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang H, Zhao D, Quan J, Hua X, Yu Y. mcr-1 facilitated selection of high-level colistin-resistant mutants in Escherichia coli. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 25:517.e1-517.e4. [PMID: 30557703 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mcr-1 gene is the first reported plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene. It has caused worldwide concern about the colistin resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. The aim of this research was to study the impact of mcr-1 on the selection of high-level colistin resistance (HLCR) mutations in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODS We detected the HLCR mutation rates of Enterobacteriaceae strains (K. pneumoniae XH209, KP10, and E. coli Q3, ATCC 25922) and their transformants harbouring the mcr-1 gene. Further analysis of the HLCR mutants was conducted by sequencing, plasmid elimination experiment, and real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS For XH209, mean mutation rate of XH209-pMCR was 1.7 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76-2.54) × 10-8, while XH209 and XH209-pCR2.1 showed mutation rates of 2.0 (95% CI, 1.32-2.67) × 10-8 and 2.3 (95% CI 1.47-3.13) × 10-8. For KP10 and its derived strains KP10-pCR2.1, KP10-pMCR, the mutation rates were 3.5 (95% CI 0.77-6.13) × 10-8, 4.8 (95% CI 0.69-8.94) × 10-8 and 4.2 (95% CI 0.95-7.54) × 10-8 respectively. The mutation rates of E. coli strains Q3-pMCR and ATCC25922-pMCR were 3.4 (95% CI 0.19-7.47) × 10-8 and 1.54 (95% CI 0.27-2.8) × 10-9, which were significantly higher than their corresponding non-mcr-1-carrying strains (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Beside the knowledge that mcr-1 mediates low-level colistin resistance, this gene also facilitates selection of HLCR mutants in E. coli, but does not affect K. pneumoniae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - D Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Quan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - X Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Y Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Quan J, Li TK, Pang H, Choi CH, Siu SC, Tang SY, Wat NMS, Woo J, Johnston JM, Leung GM. Diabetes incidence and prevalence in Hong Kong, China during 2006-2014. Diabet Med 2017; 34:902-908. [PMID: 27859570 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate recent secular changes in the incidence and prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes among Hong Kong Chinese adults, and thus show possible future trends for developing mainland China. METHODS Based on a complete census of the public sector health records of 6.4 million people from 2006 to 2014, diabetes cases were ascertained using different methods including the World Health Organization (WHO) 2011 guidelines (HbA1c , fasting plasma glucose and glucose tolerance test), American Diabetes Association (ADA) 2015 guidelines (plus random plasma glucose), and additionally recorded diagnosis codes and medication dispensation. Pre-diabetes was defined using ADA 2015 guidelines. RESULTS We identified 697 201 people with diabetes (54.2% were incident cases); and 1 229 731 people with diabetes or pre-diabetes. In 2014, the overall incidence of diabetes was 9.46 per 1000 person-years [95% confidence interval (CI): 9.38 to 9.54], and overall prevalence was 10.29% (95% CI: 10.27% to 10.32%). Incidence of diabetes decreased significantly from 2007 to 2014 (quadratic trend, P < 0.001). From 2006 to 2014, the prevalence of diabetes increased significantly in both sexes and across all age groups (quadratic trend, P < 0.001). The overall incidence of pre-diabetes in 2014 was 18.88 per 1000 person-years (95% CI: 18.76 to 18.99), and the overall prevalence of pre-diabetes was 8.90% (95% CI: 8.87% to 8.92%). CONCLUSIONS Similar to other developed western and Asian populations, diabetes (and pre-diabetes) incidence in Hong Kong Chinese appeared to have stabilized and there have been small declines during the period of observation. Ageing and survivorship will likely drive a continued increase in the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes, albeit with a decelerating growth rate if past trends persist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Quan
- Division of Health Economics, Policy and Management, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - T K Li
- Division of Health Economics, Policy and Management, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - H Pang
- Division of Health Economics, Policy and Management, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C H Choi
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S C Siu
- Department of Medicine & Rehabilitation, Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong
| | | | | | - J Woo
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - J M Johnston
- Division of Health Economics, Policy and Management, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - G M Leung
- Division of Health Economics, Policy and Management, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li X, Quan J, Yang Y, Ji J, Liu L, Fu Y, Hua X, Chen Y, Pi B, Jiang Y, Yu Y. Abrp, a new gene, confers reduced susceptibility to tetracycline, glycylcine, chloramphenicol and fosfomycin classes in Acinetobacter baumannii. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 35:1371-5. [PMID: 27220329 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-016-2674-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii, a non-fermenting gram-negative coccobacillus, is a major pathogen responsible for a variety of healthcare-associated infections, including pneumonia, urinary tract and bloodstream infections. Moreover, A. baumannii is associated with alarming increases in drug resistance rates to almost all available antibiotics leaving limited treatment options. Here, we characterize the biological functions of a novel gene, abrp, which encodes a peptidase C13 family. We demonstrate that the abrp is associated with decreased susceptibility to tetracycline, minocycline, doxycycline, tigecycline, chloramphenicol and fosfomycin. Deletion of abrp was able to increase cell membrane permeability and display slower cell growth rate. Results from the present study show that abrp plays an important role in conferring reduced susceptibility to different classes of antibiotics and cell growth in A. baumannii. The change of antibiotic sensitivities may result from modifications to the cell membrane permeability of A. baumannii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China.,Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - J Quan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - J Ji
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Y Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - X Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - B Pi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Y Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chao MT, Handley MA, Quan J, Sarkar U, Ratanawongsa N, Schillinger D. Disclosure of complementary health approaches among low income and racially diverse safety net patients with diabetes. Patient Educ Couns 2015; 98:1360-6. [PMID: 26146238 PMCID: PMC4609248 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patient-provider communication about complementary health approaches can support diabetes self-management by minimizing risk and optimizing care. We sought to identify sociodemographic and communication factors associated with disclosure of complementary health approaches to providers by low-income patients with diabetes. METHODS We used data from San Francisco Health Plan's SMARTSteps Program, a trial of diabetes self-management support for low-income patients (n=278) through multilingual automated telephone support. Interviews collected use and disclosure of complementary health approaches in the prior month, patient-physician language concordance, and quality of communication. RESULTS Among racially, linguistically diverse participants, half (47.8%) reported using complementary health practices (n=133), of whom 55.3% disclosed use to providers. Age, sex, race/ethnicity, nativity, education, income, and health literacy were not associated with disclosure. In adjusted analyses, disclosure was associated with language concordance (AOR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.05, 4.67), physicians' interpersonal communication scores (AOR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.19), shared decision making (AOR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.33, 2.29), and explanatory-type communication (AOR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.09). CONCLUSION Safety net patients with diabetes commonly use complementary health approaches and disclose to providers with higher patient-rated quality of communication. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Patient-provider language concordance and patient-centered communication can facilitate disclosure of complementary health approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M T Chao
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - M A Handley
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; UCSF Center for Vulnerable Populations at San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J Quan
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; UCSF Center for Vulnerable Populations at San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - U Sarkar
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; UCSF Center for Vulnerable Populations at San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - N Ratanawongsa
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; UCSF Center for Vulnerable Populations at San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - D Schillinger
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; UCSF Center for Vulnerable Populations at San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Quan J, Zhou L, Qu J. Knockdown of Pim-3 suppresses the tumorigenicity of glioblastoma by regulating cell cycle and apoptosis. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2015; 61:42-50. [PMID: 25817345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Products of the Pim (the proviral integration site for the Moloney murine leukemia virus) family of proto—oncogenes possess serine/threonine kinase activity and belong to the Ca2+/calmodulin—dependent protein kinase group. Pim—3, a member of the Pim family is closely linked to the development of a variety of tumors. However, the role of Pim—3 in human glioblastoma remains unknown. In this study, we elucidated the role of Pim—3 in the growth and apoptosis of glioblastoma cells. Western blotting was used for determination of protein levels, and shRNA was used for Pim—3 knockdown. The MTT assay was used to evaluate cell proliferation and flow cytometry was used to determine cell cycle status and the number of apoptotic cells. A mouse xenograft model was established by injecting nude mice with Pim—3—depleted glioblastoma cells in order to determine tumor growth in vivo. We demonstrated that Pim—3 was highly expressed in human glioblastoma cell lines. We also found that knockdown of Pim—3 by specific shRNA slowed decreased proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and increased apoptosis in glioblastoma cells. Pim—3 knockdown potently inhibited the growth of subcutaneously implanted glioblastoma cells in vivo. We further revealed that Pim—3 knockdown induced growth inhibition by reducing the levels of the anti—apoptotic protein Bcl—xl and cell cycle regulatory proteins, including cyclin D1 and Cdc25C, and increasing the levels of the pro—apoptotic protein Bax.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Quan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University Department of Neurosurgery Xi'an China
| | - L Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University Department of Neurosurgery Xi'an China
| | - J Qu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University Department of Neurosurgery Xi'an China lxgang_lxg@163.com
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Park CK, Kim YH, Kim JW, Kim TM, Choi SH, Kim YJ, Choi BS, Lee SH, Kim CY, Kim IH, Lee DZ, Kheder A, Forbes M, Craven I, Hadjivassiliou M, Shonka NA, Kessinger A, Aizenberg MR, Weller M, Meisner C, Platten M, Simon M, Nikkhah G, Papsdorf K, Sabel M, Braun C, Reifenberger G, Wick W, Alexandru D, Haghighi B, Muhonen MG, Chamberlain MC, Sumrall AL, Burri S, Brick W, Asher A, Murillo-Medina K, Guerrero-Maldonado A, Ramiro AJ, Cervantes-Sanchez G, Erazo-Valle-Solis AA, Garcia-Navarro V, Sperduto PW, Shanley R, Luo X, Kased N, Sneed PK, Roberge D, Chao S, Weil R, Suh J, Bhatt A, Jensen A, Brown PD, Shih H, Kirkpatrick J, Gaspar LE, Fiveash J, Chiang V, Knisely J, Sperduto CM, Lin N, Mehta MP, Anderson MD, Raghunathan A, Aldape KD, Fuller GN, Gilbert MR, Robins HI, Wang M, Gilbert MR, Chakravarti A, Grimm S, Penas-Prado M, Chaudhary R, Anderson PJ, Elinzano H, Gilbert RA, Mehta M, Aoki T, Ueba T, Arakawa Y, Miyatake SI, Tsukahara T, Miyamoto S, Nozaki K, Taki W, Matsutani M, Shakur SF, Bit-Ivan E, Watkin WG, Farhat HI, Merrell RT, Zwinkels H, Dorr J, Kloet A, Taphoorn MJ, Vecht CJ, Bogdahn U, Stockhammer G, Mahapatra A, Hau P, Schuknecht B, van den Bent M, Heinrichs H, Yust-Katz S, Liu V, Sanghee K, Groves M, Puduvalli V, Levin V, Conrad C, Colman H, Hsu S, Yung AW, Gilbert MR, Kunz M, Armbruster L, Thon N, Jansen N, Lutz J, Herms J, Egensperger R, Eigenbrod S, Kretzschmar H, La CF, Tonn JC, Kreth FW, Brandes AA, Franceschi E, Agati R, Poggi R, Dall'Occa P, Bartolotti M, Di Battista M, Marucci G, Girardi F, Ermani M, Sherman W, Raizer J, Grimm S, Ruckser R, Tatzreiter G, Pfisterer W, Oberhauser G, Honigschnabel S, Aboul-Enein F, Ausch C, Kitzweger E, Hruby W, Sebesta C, Green RM, Woyshner EA, Suchorska B, Jansen NL, Janssen H, Kretzschmar H, Simon M, Hentschel B, Poepperl G, Kreth FW, Linn J, LaFougere C, Weller M, Tonn JC, Suchorska B, Jansen NL, Graute V, Eigenbrod S, Bartenstein P, Kreth FW, LaFougere C, Tonn JC, Hassanzadeh B, Tohidi V, Levacic D, Landolfi JC, Singer S, DeBraganca K, Omuro A, Grommes C, Omar AI, Jalan P, Pandav V, Bekker S, Fuente MIDL, Kaley T, Zhao S, Chen X, Soffietti R, Magistrello M, Bertero L, Bosa C, Crasto SG, Garbossa D, Lolli I, Trevisan E, Ruda R, Ruda R, Bertero L, Bosa C, Trevisan E, Pace A, Carapella C, Dealis C, Caroli M, Faedi M, Bomprezzi C, Thomas AA, Dalmau J, Gresa-Arribas N, Fadul CE, Kumthekar PU, Raizer J, Grimm S, Herrada J, Antony N, Richards M, Gupta A, Landeros M, Arango C, Campos-Gines AF, Friedman P, Wilson H, Streeter JC, Cohen A, Gilreath J, Sageser D, Ye X, Bell SD, McGregor J, Bourekas E, Cavaliere R, Newton H, Sul J, Odia Y, Zhang W, Shih J, Butman JA, Hammoud D, Kreisl TN, Iwamoto F, Fine HA, Berriel LG, Santos FN, Levy AC, Fanelli MF, Chinen LT, da Costa AA, Bourekas E, Wayne Slone H, Bell SD, McGregor J, Bokstein F, Blumenthal DT, Shpigel S, Phishniak L, Yust-Katz S, Garciarena P, Liue D, Yuan Y, Groves MD, Wong ET, Villano JL, Engelhard HH, Ram Z, Sahebjam S, Millar BA, Sahgal A, Laperriere N, Mason W, Levin VA, Hess KR, Choucair AK, Flynn PJ, Jaeckle KA, Kyritsis AP, Yung WKA, Prados MD, Bruner JM, Ictech S, Nghiemphu PL, Lai A, Green RM, Cloughesy TF, Zaky W, Gilles F, Grimm J, Bluml S, Dhall G, Rosser T, Randolph L, Wong K, Olch A, Krieger M, Finlay J, Capellades J, Verger E, Medrano S, Gonzalez S, Gil M, Reynes G, Ribalta T, Gallego O, Segura PP, Balana C, Gwak HS, Joo J, Kim S, Yoo H, Shin SH, Han JY, Kim HT, Yun T, Lee JS, Lee SH, Kim W, Vogelbaum MA, Wang M, Peereboom DM, Macdonald DR, Giannini C, Suh JH, Jenkins RB, Laack NN, Brackman DG, Shrieve DC, Souhami L, Mehta MP, Leibetseder A, Wohrer A, Ackerl M, Flechl B, Sax C, Spiegl-Kreinecker S, Pichler J, Widhalm G, Dieckmann K, Preusser M, Marosi C, Sebastian C, Alejandro M, Bernadette C, Naomi A, Kavan P, Sahebjam S, Garoufalis E, Guiot MC, Muanza T, Del Maestro R, Petrecca K, Sharma R, Curry R, Joyce J, Rosenblum M, Jaffe E, Matasar M, Lin O, Fisher R, Omuro A, Yin C, Iwamoto FM, Fraum TJ, Nayak L, Diamond EL, DeAngelis LM, Pentsova E, Vera-Bolanos E, Gilbert MR, Aldape K, Necesito-Reyes MJ, Fouladi M, Gajjar A, Goldman S, Metellus P, Mikkelsen T, Omuro A, Packer R, Partap S, Pollack IF, Prados M, Ian Robins H, Soffietti R, Wu J, Armstrong TS, Nakada M, Hayashi Y, Miyashita K, Kinoshita M, Furuta T, Sabit H, Kita D, Hayashi Y, Uchiyam N, Kawakami K, Minamoto T, Hamada JI, Diamond EL, Rosenblum M, Heaney M, Carrasquillo J, Krauthammer A, Nolan C, Kaley TJ, Gil MJ, Fuster J, Balana C, Benavides M, Mesia C, Etxaniz O, Canellas J, Perez-Martin X, Hunter K, Johnston SK, Bridge CA, Rockne RC, Guyman L, Baldock AL, Rockhill JK, Mrugala MM, Beard BC, Adair JE, Kiem HP, Swanson KR, Ranjan T, Desjardins A, Peters KB, Alderson L, Kirkpatrick J, Herndon J, Bailey L, Sampson J, Friedman AH, Friedman H, Vredenburgh JJ, Theeler BJ, Ellezam B, Melguizo-Gavilanes I, Shonka NA, Bruner JM, Puduvalli VK, Taylor JW, Flanagan E, O'Neill B, Seigal T, Omuro A, DeAngelis L, Baerhing J, Hoang-Xuan K, Chamberlain M, Batchelor T, Nishikawa R, Pinto F, Blay JY, Korfel A, Schiff D, Fu BD, Kong XT, Bota D, Omuro A, Beal K, Ivy P, Gutin P, Wu N, Kaley T, Karimi S, DeAngelis L, Pentsova H, Nolan C, Grommes C, Chan T, Mathew R, Droms L, Shimizu F, Tabar V, Grossman S, Yovino S, Campian J, Wild A, Herman J, Brock M, Balmanoukian A, Ye X, Portnow J, Badie B, Synold T, Lacey S, D'Apuzzo M, Frankel P, Chen M, Aboody K, Letarte N, Gabay MP, Bressler LR, Stachnik JM, Villano JL, Jaeckle KA, Anderson SK, Willson A, Moreno-Aspitia A, Colon-Otero G, Patel T, Perez E, Peters KB, Reardon DA, Vredenburgh JJ, Desjardins A, Herndon JE, Coan A, McSherry F, Lipp E, Brickhouse A, Massey W, Friedman HS, Alderson LM, Desjardins A, Ranjan T, Peters KB, Friedman HS, Vredenburgh JJ, Ranjan T, Desjardins A, Peters KB, Alderson L, Kirkpatrick J, Herndon J, Bailey L, Sampson J, Friedman AH, Friedman H, Vredenburgh J, Welch MR, Omuro A, Grommes C, Westphal M, Bach F, Reuter D, Ronellenfitsch M, Steinbach J, Pietsch T, Connelly J, Hamza MA, Puduvalli V, Neal ML, Trister AD, Ahn S, Bridge C, Lange J, Baldock A, Rockne R, Mrugala M, Rockhill JK, Lai A, Cloughesy T, Swanson KR, Neuwelt AJ, Nguyen TM, Tyson RM, Nasseri M, Neuwelt EA, Bubalo JS, Barnes PD, Phuphanich S, Hu J, Rudnick J, Chu R, Yu J, Naruse R, Ljubimova J, Sanchez C, Guevarra A, Naor R, Black K, Mahta A, Bhavsar TM, Herath K, Huang C, McClain J, Rizzo K, Sheehan J, Chamberlain M, Glantz M, McClain J, Glantz MJ, Zoccoli C, Nicholas MK, Xie T, White D, Liker S, Gajewski T, Selfridge J, Piccioni DE, Zurayk M, Mody R, Quan J, Li S, Chen W, Chou A, Liau L, Green R, Cloughesy T, Lai A, Gomez-Molinar V, Ruiz-Gonzalez S, Valdez-Vazquez R, Arrieta O, Stenner JI. CLIN-NEURO/MEDICAL ONCOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
30
|
Green R, Woyshner E, Quan J, Cloughesy T. Treatment of Unresectable Adult Pilocytic Astrocytoma with Bevacizumab with or without Temozolomide (P04.183). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p04.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
31
|
Hodaie M, Chen DQ, Quan J. Cortical thickness analysis in trigeminal neuralgia reflects unique changes related to treatment effect. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)70301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
32
|
Yahata T, Quan J, Tamura N, Nagata H, Kurabayashi T, Tanaka K. Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of estrogen receptor alpha gene and efficacy of HRT on bone mineral density in post-menopausal Japanese women. Hum Reprod 2005; 20:1860-6. [PMID: 15831512 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deh895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although HRT for post-menopausal women can protect against bone loss, variations in bone responses exist. We studied whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) gene contribute to the effect of HRT on lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS Subjects were 84 post-menopausal women who had been taking HRT for 3 years to treat osteopenia or osteoporosis. Eighteen SNP in the ERalpha gene were characterized by a single nucleotide primer extension assay. RESULTS Genotyping of the 84 individuals revealed that all SNP were quite common, the minor allele frequency being > or = 20%. A SNP in intron 6 (IVS6+14144) was significantly associated with the response to HRT for the first 3 years after starting treatment (P = 0.043, 0.025 and 0.032 for the first, second and third years respectively). Haplotype analysis revealed that a combination of SNP IVS6+14144 and IVS4+4238 was significantly correlated with the response to HRT; women with haplotype G-G (IVS6 14144-IVS4 4238) showed a significantly higher response (P = 0.014, 0.043 and 0.010 for the first second and third year respectively). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that a specific SNP and the haplotype of the selected SNP could be used to predict the effect of HRT on lumbar BMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Yahata
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Affiliation(s)
- T Shaw
- Roche Products Ltd, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Quan J, Lü XM, Zhuang Z, Dai J, Deng J, Zhang YP. Low genetic variation of Penaeus chinensis as revealed by mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Biochem Genet 2001; 39:279-84. [PMID: 11590833 DOI: 10.1023/a:1010234816514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Quan
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Su W, Wu Z, Quan J. [Application of fingerprint analysis and computer pattern interpretation in identification and quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicines]. Zhong Yao Cai 2001; 24:295-8. [PMID: 12587166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
The fingerprint analysis technique used in the quality control of TCM through identifying charactreristics and evaluating stability is set up with the rapid development of instrument analyses and computer pattern interpretation. There are many kinds of methods for establishment of fingerpirnt of TCM mainly including chromatography, spectroscopic method, x-ray diffraction and molecular biological technique. The methods of computer pattern interpretation in fingerprint of TCM includes fuzzy information analysis, artificial neural networks and gray relational grade cluster.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Su
- Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang B, Quan J, Guo S. [Effects of epimedium on the expression of interleukin-6 messenger ribonucleic acid in bone of ovariectomized rat]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2000; 35:724-6. [PMID: 11286030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of the traditional herb-epimedium on the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA in bone of ovariectomized rat. METHODS Forty female rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups, 10 in each: ovariectomized (OVX) group, sham operation group, OVX followed by epimedium (group 3) or nilestriol (group 4) for 3 months respectively. All rats were then sacrificed, and total RNA were directly isolated from their right tibia. Interleukin-6 mRNA expression was detected by relative semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique. Lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy X ray absorptiometry before sacrifice. RESULTS The BMD of epimedium group was significantly higher than that in the OVX group (P < 0.05). On the contrary, the IL-6 mRNA expression level of epimedium group was significantly lower than that in the OVX group (P < 0.01), but higher than those in the sham and nilestrial group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS IL-6 may play a role in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal teoporosis. Epimedium can inhibit the expression of IL-6 mRNA, which may contribute to its anti-resorptive effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Quan J, Wadsworth M. Bereavement support. The occupational health nurse's role when death comes to work. AAOHN J 2000; 48:461-9. [PMID: 11760256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
1. Providing bereavement support for grieving employees can positively impact their adjustment and productivity. 2. Good bereavement care follows the nursing process approach: assessment, analysis, planning (goal setting), intervention/implementation, and evaluation. It acknowledges the five dimension of optimal health, and incorporates them into the nursing process. 3. The occupational health nurse, as clinician and advisor, can provide care to the bereaved individual and guidance to the manager and coworkers about the grief process and how to interact with the grieving employee. 4. Grief work is necessary for healing. The occupational health nurse can play a valuable role in facilitating the work by offering clinical support, a "safe" place for the grieving employee to talk about the death, referrals to the Employee Assistance Program or other professional support, and education about the process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Quan
- Alcatel USA, Plano, TX, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Barker AF, Couch L, Fiel SB, Gotfried MH, Ilowite J, Meyer KC, O'Donnell A, Sahn SA, Smith LJ, Stewart JO, Abuan T, Tully H, Van Dalfsen J, Wells CD, Quan J. Tobramycin solution for inhalation reduces sputum Pseudomonas aeruginosa density in bronchiectasis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162:481-5. [PMID: 10934074 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.162.2.9910086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized study to evaluate the microbiological efficacy and safety of inhaled tobramycin for treatment of patients with bronchiectasis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either tobramycin solution for inhalation (TSI) (n = 37) or placebo (n = 37), which was self-administered twice daily for 4 wk and followed by 2-wk off-drug. At Week 4, the TSI group had a mean decrease in P. aeruginosa density of 4.54 log(10) colony-forming units (cfu)/g sputum compared with no change in the placebo group (p < 0.01). At Week 6, P. aeruginosa was eradicated in 35% of TSI patients but was detected in all placebo patients. Investigators indicated that 62% of TSI patients showed an improved medical condition compared with 38% of placebo patients (odds ratio = 2.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1 to 6.9). Tobramycin-resistant P. aeruginosa strains developed in 11% of TSI patients and 3% of placebo patients (p = 0.36). The mean percent change in FEV(1) percent predicted from Week 0 to Week 4 was similar for the TSI and placebo groups (p = 0.41). More TSI-treated patients than placebo patients reported increased cough, dyspnea, wheezing, and noncardiac chest pain, but the symptoms did not limit therapy. Additional study is warranted to further evaluate TSI in bronchiectasis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A F Barker
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
|
40
|
van der Straten A, Gómez CA, Saul J, Quan J, Padian N. Sexual risk behaviors among heterosexual HIV serodiscordant couples in the era of post-exposure prevention and viral suppressive therapy. AIDS 2000; 14:F47-54. [PMID: 10770532 DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200003100-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe awareness and use of antiretroviral treatments, viral load monitoring, and post-exposure prevention; to assess changing concerns about HIV transmission; and to examine the effect of these advances on sexual behavior in HIV-serodiscordant heterosexual couples. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of a baseline sample of 104 couples (n = 208 individuals) from the California Partners Study II, an intervention trial for HIV-serodiscordant couples in California. Questions on sexual practices, viral load testing, HIV treatment, post-exposure prevention, and their effect on sexual behaviors, risk taking and transmission concerns were measured at intake. RESULTS Over two-thirds of couple members surveyed reported unprotected sex with their partner in the past 6 months. Among seropositive respondents, 37% were taking protease inhibitor therapy, 92% had undergone viral load testing, and of those, 40% said it had ben undetectable at their most recent test. Most respondents, regardless of serostatus, said that viral load testing and awareness of post-exposure prevention had no effect on their condom use. In addition, perceiving that their partner had an undetectable viral load was associated with having protected sex among seronegative subjects (P < 0.05). Seropositive respondent taking protease inhibitors were 2.4 times less likely to report unprotected sex compared with those not taking protease inhibitors (P = 0.05). However, up to 33% of seropositive and 40% of seronegative respondents acknowledged decreased transmission concerns in the light of the new HIV treatments. In comparison with their seropositive partners, seronegative individuals were more likely to acknowledge increased risk taking and decreased HIV transmission concerns (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS New medical advances were not associated with unprotected sex in HIV-serodiscordant couples. However, new treatment options may decrease concerns about HIV transmission, particularly among seronegative partners. Providers should discuss the effect of antiretroviral treatments on sexual transmission risk with their patients. The inclusion of seronegative partners in counseling interventions may decrease risk taking in serodiscordant couples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A van der Straten
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 94105, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
E2A, HEB, E2-2, and daughterless are basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins that play key roles in multiple developmental pathways. The DNA binding activity of E2A, HEB, and E2-2 is regulated by a distinct class of inhibitor HLH proteins, the Id gene products. Here, we show that Id3 is required for major histocompatability (MHC) class I- and class II-restricted thymocyte positive selection. Additionally, H-Y TCR-mediated negative selection is severely perturbed in Id3 null mutant mice. Finally, we show that E2A and Id3 interact genetically to regulate thymocyte development. These observations identify the HLH inhibitory protein Id3 as an essential component required for proper thymocyte maturation.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- B-Lymphocytes/cytology
- Cell Differentiation
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/immunology
- Inhibitor of Differentiation Proteins
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neoplasm Proteins
- Receptors, Antigen/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Thymus Gland/cytology
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R R Rivera
- Department of Biology, 0366 University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mai G, Wang Z, Yan J, Liu Z, Chen J, Deng D, Kang Y, Quan J. Corneal topographical changes following strabismus surgery. Yan Ke Xue Bao 1999; 15:174-8. [PMID: 12579696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study corneal topographical changes after strabismus surgery. METHODS Computer-aided corneal topography was used in 43 strabismus patients (45 eyes) one or two days prior to and six or seven days after strabismus surgery. The spherical and cylindrical equivalents were calculated based on the simulated keratometry. RESULTS After the surgery, only the changes at 3 mm in the inferior quadrant were statistically significant. The changes at 3 mm in the rest quadrants and the changes at 7 mm were not significant. Significant changes in spherical equivalent were found post-operatively. Neither the horizontal nor the vertical meridional equivalent showed significant changes after surgery. CONCLUSIONS The results of corneal topographical changes following strabismus surgery in our preliminary study indicated the little effect of strabismus surgery on corneal curvature and corneal astigmatism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Mai
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Goodman R, Cummings C, Frevert C, Quan J, Martin T. Functional significance of CXCR2 downregulation on neutrophils from patients with severe sepsis. Chest 1999; 116:111S-112S. [PMID: 10424627 DOI: 10.1378/chest.116.suppl_1.111s-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Goodman
- Seattle Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, 98108, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Glutamine carbon entry into the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle was assessed in small intestinal epithelial cells by measuring CO2 production from [1-14C]glutamine, and these data together with [U-14C]glutamine data were used to calculate fractional oxidation rates for glutamine. CO2 production from either [1-14C]glutamine or [U-14C]glutamine showed saturation kinetics, and the concentration needed to achieve the half-maximal rate of CO2 production was 0.7 and 0.4 mmol/l, respectively. Maximal rate for [1-14C]glutamine was twice that for [U-14C]glutamine. Increasing glutamine concentration did not cause proportional increases in glutamine entry into the TCA cycle and glutamine oxidation. Consequently, fractional oxidation of glutamine decreased with increasing glutamine concentration. Fractional oxidation could be predicted from the rate at which glutamine carbon entered the TCA cycle. (Aminooxy)acetic acid, an aminotransferase inhibitor, reduced entry of glutamine into the TCA cycle and increased fractional oxidation of glutamine. Glutamate carbon entered the TCA cycle at about one-half the rate of glutamine-derived glutamate carbon and had a higher fractional oxidation rate when provided at equivalent concentrations to glutamine. These differences in the rate of entry predictably account for the differences in the metabolic fate of glutamine vs. glutamate carbon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Quan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1304, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yang F, Quan J, Zhang T, Ito Y. Preparative separation of alkaloids from the root of Sophora flavescens Ait by pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1998; 822:316-20. [PMID: 9809449 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(98)00624-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
pH-Zone-refining counter-current chromatography was applied to the separation of alkaloids from a crude extract of the root of Sophora flavescens Ait using a multilayer coil planet centrifuge. After methyl tert.-butyl ether and water were equilibrated, triethylamine (10 mM) was added to the organic phase as a retainer and hydrochloric acid (5-10 mM) to the aqueous phase as an eluter. The separation was performed by eluting the aqueous phase while the organic phase was used as the stationary phase. From 1.0 g of the crude extract, sophocarpine (170 mg) and matrine (600 mg) were separated within 4.5 h at high purity of over 98%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Yang
- Beijing Institute of New Technology Application, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
|
47
|
|
48
|
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to develop a mouse model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) that closely simulates the metabolic abnormalities of the human disease and is also cost-effective compared with the genetic models currently available. For this purpose, insulin resistance was induced in male C57BL/6J or Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice by feeding diets enriched in either fructose or fat, and hyperglycemia was induced by injecting these mice with a dose of streptozotocin (STZ) that does not cause diabetes in chow-fed mice. In the case of C57BL/6J mice, insulin levels initially increased in response to the fructose- and fat-enriched diets and then decreased to levels comparable to or still higher than those in chow-fed mice following STZ injection. Associated with the decrease in insulin levels following STZ, fat-fed and fructose-fed C57BL/6J mice became significantly hyperglycemic, reaching values of 388 +/- 38 and 366 +/- 58 mg/dL, respectively. In contrast, neither plasma glucose nor insulin concentrations changed in chow-fed mice injected with an identical amount of STZ. Essentially identical findings were seen before and after STZ injection in fat-fed compared with chow-fed ICR mice. Although a direct comparison was not made, sensitivity to the diabetogenic effects of STZ appeared to be greater in fat-fed ICR compared with fat-fed C57BL/6J mice. Finally, plasma glucose decreased when mice with these experimental models of NIDDM were treated with either metformin or tolbutamide. Given these results, it seems reasonable to suggest that the combination of dietary-induced insulin resistance and relatively low-dose STZ results in mouse models that should be of use in studying the pathophysiology of NIDDM or in evaluating therapeutic compounds for the treatment of NIDDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Luo
- Shaman Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA 94080-4812, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Quan J, Du G. [Protective effect of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. and Hedysarum polybotrys Hand.-Mazz. on experimental model of cerebral ischemia in rats]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1998; 23:371-3, inside back cover. [PMID: 11601305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The experimental model of middle cerebral artery embolism in rats was made by inserting nylon thread. It was discovered that Astragalus membranaceus decoction(both 4.26 g.kg-1 and 7.1 g.kg-1) could reduce the capillary hyperpermeability and alleviate the dyskinesia caused by cerebral ischemia in rats. Purified Hedysarum polybotrys decoction (waste substances removed with alcohol after decocting with water) (12.5 g.kg-1) could reduce the water content in brain caused by occlusion of bilateral carotids in rats. Purified Hedysarum polybotrys decoction showed a tendency to reduce the water content in brain, but without statistical significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Quan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Luo J, Fort DM, Carlson TJ, Noamesi BK, nii-Amon-Kotei D, King SR, Tsai J, Quan J, Hobensack C, Lapresca P, Waldeck N, Mendez CD, Jolad SD, Bierer DE, Reaven GM. Cryptolepis sanguinolenta: an ethnobotanical approach to drug discovery and the isolation of a potentially useful new antihyperglycaemic agent. Diabet Med 1998; 15:367-74. [PMID: 9609357 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9136(199805)15:5<367::aid-dia576>3.0.co;2-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Evidence has been published that a wide array of plant-derived active principles, representing numerous classes of chemical compounds, demonstrate activity consistent with their possible use in the treatment of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Despite these interesting observations, to date, metformin is the only ethical drug approved for treatment of Type 2 DM derived from a medicinal plant. Why is this so, given the fact that higher plants are such a potential source of new drugs? The answer to this rhetorical question may lie in the reliance of most pharmaceutical companies on random, in vitro, mechanism-based, high throughput screening in the initial phases of plant drug research. In this article we describe an alternative pathway to discovery of drugs for the treatment of Type 2 DM: on based on an ethnomedical approach, involving ethnobotany and traditional medicine. In particular, we present evidence that cryptolepine, an indoloquinolone alkaloid isolated from Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, significantly lowers glucose when given orally to a mouse model of diabetes. The antihyperglycaemic effect of cryptolepine leads to a significant decline in plasma insulin concentration, associated with evidence of an enhancement in insulin-mediated glucose disposal. Finally, cryptolepine increases glucose uptake by 3T3-L1 cells. These data permit us to conclude that an ethnobotanical approach to drug discovery can identify a potentially useful drug for the treatment of Type 2 DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Luo
- Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080-4812, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|