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Jaworski K, Lewandowski M, Pronicki M, Szwed H, Dabrowski R. Giant right atrial myxoma: like father, like son. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2024:jeae073. [PMID: 38526211 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeae073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Lewandowski
- Second Department of Cardiac Arrhythmias, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Pronicki
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Szwed
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafal Dabrowski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Dziadosz D, Daniłowicz-Szymanowicz L, Wejner-Mik P, Budnik M, Brzezińska B, Duchnowski P, Golińska-Grzybała K, Jaworski K, Jedliński I, Kamela M, Kasprzak J, Kowalczyk-Domagała M, Kurnicka K, Kustrzycka-Kratochwil D, Mickiewicz K, Możeńska O, Oko-Sarnowska Z, Plewka M, Polewczyk A, Uziębło-Życzkowska B, Wierzbowska-Drabik K, Wachnicka-Truty R, Wołoszyn-Horák E, Szymański P, Gackowski A, Mizia-Stec K. What Do We Know So Far About Ventricular Arrhythmias and Sudden Cardiac Death Prediction in the Mitral Valve Prolapse Population? Could Biomarkers Help Us Predict Their Occurrence? Curr Cardiol Rep 2024:10.1007/s11886-024-02030-9. [PMID: 38507154 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-024-02030-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW To summarize currently available data on the topic of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and its correlation to the occurrence of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. To assess the prognostic value of several diagnostic methods such as transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, cardiac computed tomography, electrocardiography, and electrophysiology concerning arrhythmic episodes. To explore intra and extracellular biochemistry of the cardiovascular system and its biomarkers as diagnostic tools to predict rhythm disturbances in the MVP population. RECENT FINDINGS MVP is a common and mainly benign valvular disorder. It affects 2-3% of the general population. MVP is a heterogeneous and highly variable phenomenon with three structural phenotypes: myxomatous degeneration, fibroelastic deficiency, and forme fruste. Exercise intolerance, supraventricular tachycardia, and chest discomfort are the symptoms that are often paired with psychosomatic components. Though MVP is thought to be benign, the association between isolated MVP without mitral regurgitation (MR) or left ventricle dysfunction, with ventricular arrhythmia (VA) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) has been observed. The incidence of SCD in the MVP population is around 0.6% per year, which is 6 times higher than the occurrence of SCD in the general population. Often asymptomatic MVP population poses a challenge to screen for VA and prevent SCD. Therefore, it is crucial to carefully assess the risk of VA and SCD in patients with MVP with the use of various tools such as diagnostic imaging and biochemical and genetic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Dziadosz
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
- Centre of European Reference Network of Heart Diseases - ERN GUARD-HEART, 47 Ziołowa St, 40-635, Katowice, Poland
| | - L Daniłowicz-Szymanowicz
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - P Wejner-Mik
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Bieganski Hospital, Łódź, Poland
| | - M Budnik
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Central Clinical Hospital, 1a Banacha St, 02-97, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Brzezińska
- Department of Cardiology, T. Marciniak Hospital, Wrocław, Poland
| | - P Duchnowski
- Cardinal Wyszynski National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Golińska-Grzybała
- Dept of Coronary Disease and Heart Failure, Noninvasive Cardiovascular Laboratory, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, St. John Paul II Hospital, Cracow, Poland
| | - K Jaworski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Jedliński
- Medicor, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 4, 61-895, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Kamela
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - J Kasprzak
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Bieganski Hospital, Łódź, Poland
| | - M Kowalczyk-Domagała
- Pediatric Cardiology Department, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Kurnicka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Infant Jesus Clinical Hospital, Lindleya str. 4, 02-005, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D Kustrzycka-Kratochwil
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Heart Diseases, 4th Military Clinical Hospital, Weigla 5, 50-981, Wrocław, Poland
| | - K Mickiewicz
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - O Możeńska
- JO Medical Center, Quo Vadis 1/U6, 02-495, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Z Oko-Sarnowska
- Department of Cardiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wielkopolskie, 60-355, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Plewka
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Cardiac Arrhythmias, Military Medical Academy Memorial Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - A Polewczyk
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Żeromskiego 5, 25-369, Kielce, Poland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Świętokrzyskie Cardiology Center, Grunwaldzka 45, 25-736, Kielce, Poland
| | - B Uziębło-Życzkowska
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Wierzbowska-Drabik
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - R Wachnicka-Truty
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdynia, Poland
| | - E Wołoszyn-Horák
- Second Department of Cardiology. Specialist Hospital in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Curie-Sklodowskiej str. 10, Zabrze, Poland
| | - P Szymański
- Center of Clinical Cardiology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Gackowski
- Dept of Coronary Disease and Heart Failure, Noninvasive Cardiovascular Laboratory, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, St. John Paul II Hospital, Cracow, Poland
| | - K Mizia-Stec
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
- Centre of European Reference Network of Heart Diseases - ERN GUARD-HEART, 47 Ziołowa St, 40-635, Katowice, Poland.
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Dąbrowski R, Smolis-Bąk E, Kowalik I, Szymański J, Kuśmierski K, Kuriata J, Jaworski K, Chwyczko T, Leszek P, Zieliński T, Piotrowicz R, Kołsut P. Medical therapy in heart failure before and after left ventricular assist device implantation. Kardiol Pol 2023; 81:1276-1278. [PMID: 37997828 DOI: 10.33963/v.kp.98042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Piotr Kołsut
- National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
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4
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Kołakowski K, Farkowski MM, Pytkowski M, Gardziejczyk P, Kowalik I, Dąbrowski R, Firek B, Jaworski K, Klisiewicz A, Maciąg A. Correction to: The Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Different Anticoagulation Strategies for Treatment of Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus in the Setting of Chronic Anticoagulation for Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023; 37:217. [PMID: 34739649 PMCID: PMC10074534 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karol Kołakowski
- II Department of Heart Arrhythmia, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał M Farkowski
- II Department of Heart Arrhythmia, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Pytkowski
- II Department of Heart Arrhythmia, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Gardziejczyk
- II Department of Heart Arrhythmia, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Kowalik
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Dąbrowski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bohdan Firek
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Klisiewicz
- Department of Congenital Heart Diseases, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksander Maciąg
- II Department of Heart Arrhythmia, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
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5
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Kołakowski K, Jaworski K, Farkowski MM, Pytkowski M. A 3D transesophageal echo-facilitated diagnosis and cryoballoon ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in a patient with cor triatriatum sinister. Kardiol Pol 2023; 81:294-295. [PMID: 36594535 DOI: 10.33963/kp.a2023.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karol Kołakowski
- 2nd Department of Heart Arrhythmia National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Michał M Farkowski
- 2nd Department of Heart Arrhythmia National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland. .,Department of Cardiology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Pytkowski
- 2nd Department of Heart Arrhythmia National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
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Kwiatkowski M, Wong A, Bi C, Gehring C, Jaworski K. Twin cyclic mononucleotide cyclase and phosphodiesterase domain architecture as a common feature in complex plant proteins. Plant Sci 2022; 325:111493. [PMID: 36216295 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The majority of proteins in both prokaryote and eukaryote proteomes consist of two or more functional centers, which allows for intramolecular tuning of protein functions. Such architecture, as opposed to animal orthologs, applies to the plant cyclases (CNC) and phosphodiesterases (PDEs), the vast majority of which are part of larger multifunctional proteins. In plants, until recently, only two cases of combinations of CNC-PDE in one protein were reported. Here we propose that in plants, multifunctional proteins in which the PDE motif has been identified, the presence of the additional CNC center is common. Searching the Arabidopsis thaliana proteome with a combined PDE-CNC motif allowed the creation of a database of proteins with both activities. One such example is methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, in which we determined the activities of adenylate cyclase (AC) and PDE. Based on biochemical and mutagenesis analyses we assessed the impact of the AC and PDE catalytic centers on the dehydrogenase activity. This allowed us to propose additional regulatory mechanism that govern folate metabolism by cAMP. It is therefore conceivable that the combined CNC-PDE architecture is a common regulatory configuration, where control of the level of cyclic nucleotides (cNMP) influences other catalytic activities of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Kwiatkowski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska St. 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Aloysius Wong
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Wenzhou 325060, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou 325060, Zhejiang Province, China; Wenzhou Municipal Key Lab for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou 325060, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Chuyun Bi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Wenzhou 325060, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou 325060, Zhejiang Province, China; Wenzhou Municipal Key Lab for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou 325060, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chris Gehring
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska St. 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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Qi L, Kwiatkowski M, Chen H, Hoermayer L, Sinclair S, Zou M, Del Genio CI, Kubeš MF, Napier R, Jaworski K, Friml J. Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors in plants. Nature 2022; 611:133-138. [PMID: 36289340 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone auxin is the major coordinative signal in plant development1, mediating transcriptional reprogramming by a well-established canonical signalling pathway. TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 (TIR1)/AUXIN-SIGNALING F-BOX (AFB) auxin receptors are F-box subunits of ubiquitin ligase complexes. In response to auxin, they associate with Aux/IAA transcriptional repressors and target them for degradation via ubiquitination2,3. Here we identify adenylate cyclase (AC) activity as an additional function of TIR1/AFB receptors across land plants. Auxin, together with Aux/IAAs, stimulates cAMP production. Three separate mutations in the AC motif of the TIR1 C-terminal region, all of which abolish the AC activity, each render TIR1 ineffective in mediating gravitropism and sustained auxin-induced root growth inhibition, and also affect auxin-induced transcriptional regulation. These results highlight the importance of TIR1/AFB AC activity in canonical auxin signalling. They also identify a unique phytohormone receptor cassette combining F-box and AC motifs, and the role of cAMP as a second messenger in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Qi
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Mateusz Kwiatkowski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Huihuang Chen
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Lukas Hoermayer
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Scott Sinclair
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
- Readiness and Response Directorate, Biosecurity New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Minxia Zou
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Charo I Del Genio
- Centre for Fluid and Complex Systems, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Martin F Kubeš
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Richard Napier
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria.
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Jaworski K, Wasilewski R, Szwed H, Windyga J, Dabrowski R. 'Swollen heart' in the course of acute intermittent porphyria associated with severe hyponatraemia. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022; 23:e544. [PMID: 36069115 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeac186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Alpejska 42, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Wasilewski
- Department of Hemostasis Disorders and Internal Medicine, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Indiry Gandhi 14, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Szwed
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Alpejska 42, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Windyga
- Department of Hemostasis Disorders and Internal Medicine, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Indiry Gandhi 14, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafal Dabrowski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Alpejska 42, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
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Gardziejczyk P, Farkowski MM, Pytkowsk M, Kołakowski K, Kowalik I, Leszek P, Jaworski K, Wróbel A, Maciąg A. A quality of life, clinical and biochemical improvements after catheter ablation of persistent arrhythmia in patients with structural heart disease and arrhythmia-mediated cardiomyopathy. Kardiol Pol 2022:VM/OJS/J/88635. [PMID: 35188219 DOI: 10.33963/kp.a2022.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arrhythmia-mediated cardiomyopathy (AMC) is an essential clinical situation which is commonly underdiagnosed. Successful arrhythmia control leads to improvement in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and heart failure (HF) symptoms in patients with structural heart disease (SHD). AIMS The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of catheter ablation (CA) of persistent arrhythmia on HRQoL, biochemical and clinical parameters HF in patients with SHD and AMC. METHODS Patients with SHD, on optimal medical treatment, with persistent arrhythmia and strong suspicion of AMC, scheduled for CA were prospectively enrolled. Study procedures included: HRQoL measurement (Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire [MLHFQ] and EuroQol Research Foundation [EQ-5D-3L] questionnaire), biomarkers (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP], troponin T [TnT], matrix metaloproteinase-9 [MMP-9], soluble suppression of tumorigenesis-2 [sST2], tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 [TIMP-1]), transthoracic echocardiography and clinical assessment. RESULTS At 6 months, 30/35 (86%) patients were free of persistent arrhythmia. Patients who underwent successful CA had a significant improvement in HRQoL: MLHFQ (median [interquartile range, IQR], -22 [-28;-11]; P <0.001), EQ5D-3L Score (mean [standard deviation], 21.8 (16.8); P <0.001); EQ5D-3L index (median [IQR], 0.09 (0.05;0.18); p <0.001). A significant decrease in injury biomarkers: NT-proBNP (median [IQR], -414 [-1397;-318] pg/ml; P <0.001), TnT (median [IQR], -2.27 (-8.52;0.55) ng/ml; P <0.01) but not fibrosis biomarkers (median [IQR], sST2: 2.20 [-5.4;4.3] ng/ml; P = 0.741, MMP-9: 34 [-376;283] ng/ml; P = 0.881, TIMP-1: 11.1 [-17.1;31.9] ng/ml; P = 0.215) was observed. There was a significant increase of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (mean [SD], 9.8 [5.9]; P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS Successful CA significantly improved clinical status, LVEF and HRQoL of patients with SHD and AMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Gardziejczyk
- 2nd Department of Heart Arrhythmia, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Michał M Farkowski
- 2nd Department of Heart Arrhythmia, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Pytkowsk
- 2nd Department of Heart Arrhythmia, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Karol Kołakowski
- 2nd Department of Heart Arrhythmia, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Ilona Kowalik
- Clinical Research Support Center, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Przemysław Leszek
- Department of Heart Failure and Transplantology, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wróbel
- Department of Medical Biology, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Aleksander Maciąg
- 2nd Department of Heart Arrhythmia, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
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Jaworski K, Michałowska I, Marona M, Pracoń R, Szpakowski E, Dąbrowski R. Patent ductus arteriosus obscured by a giant aortic aneurysm in a young man with acute heart failure. Kardiol Pol 2021; 80:224-225. [PMID: 34936082 DOI: 10.33963/kp.a2021.0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Ilona Michałowska
- Department of Radiology, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Miłosz Marona
- Department of Intensive Cardiac Therapy, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Radosław Pracoń
- Department of Coronary and Structural Heart Diseases, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Eugeniusz Szpakowski
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Rafał Dąbrowski
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
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11
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Świeżawska-Boniecka B, Duszyn M, Hammer K, Wong A, Szmidt-Jaworska A, Jaworski K. Brachypodium distachyon ERECTA-like1 protein kinase is a functional guanylyl cyclase. Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2021; 13:249-258. [PMID: 34937312 DOI: 10.52586/e882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The plant proteins called ERECTA family play important role in inflorescence architecture, stomatal patterning and phloem-xylem organization. ERECTA proteins belong to the moonlighting proteins family containing the guanylyl cyclase (GC) catalytic center embedded within the intracellular kinase domain. This characteristic architecture of ERECTA proteins prompted us to experimentally confirm of enzymatic activity of one of these, BdERL1 (ERECTA-like1 from Brachypodium distachyon). We have shown that BdERL1 is dual-function protein with both kinase and GC activity. Moreover, our mutagenesis studies also revealed the catalytic roles of key conserved amino acid residues at the GC center and importantly, probing of the kinase and GC with Ca2+ and/or cGMP, shed light on the intramolecular regulations of BdERL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brygida Świeżawska-Boniecka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Maria Duszyn
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Klaudia Hammer
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Aloysius Wong
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 325060 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, 325060 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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12
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Jaworski K, Firek B, Syska P, Lewandowski M, Śpiewak M, Dąbrowski R. Malignant arrhythmia associated with mitral annular disjunction - myocardial work as a potential tool in search for a substrate. Kardiol Pol 2021; 80:93-94. [PMID: 34643257 DOI: 10.33963/kp.a2021.0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Bohdan Firek
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Paweł Syska
- 2nd Department of Arrhythmia, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Michał Lewandowski
- 2nd Department of Arrhythmia, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Mateusz Śpiewak
- Magnetic Resonance Unit, Department of Radiology, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Rafał Dąbrowski
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
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Kwiatkowski M, Wong A, Kozakiewicz-Piekarz A, Gehring C, Jaworski K. In Search of Monocot Phosphodiesterases: Identification of a Calmodulin Stimulated Phosphodiesterase from Brachypodium distachyon. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179654. [PMID: 34502563 PMCID: PMC8431786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, rapid and reversible biological responses to environmental cues may require complex cellular reprograming. This is enabled by signaling molecules such as the cyclic nucleotide monophosphates (cNMPs) cAMP and cGMP, as well as Ca2+. While the roles and synthesis of cAMP and cGMP in plants are increasingly well-characterized, the “off signal” afforded by cNMP-degrading enzymes, the phosphodiesterases (PDEs), is, however, poorly understood, particularly so in monocots. Here, we identified a candidate PDE from the monocot Brachypodium distachyon (BDPDE1) and showed that it can hydrolyze cNMPs to 5′NMPs but with a preference for cAMP over cGMP in vitro. Notably, the PDE activity was significantly enhanced by Ca2+ only in the presence of calmodulin (CaM), which interacts with BDPDE1, most likely at a predicted CaM-binding site. Finally, based on our biochemical, mutagenesis and structural analyses, we constructed a comprehensive amino acid consensus sequence extracted from the catalytic centers of annotated and/or experimentally validated PDEs across species to enable a broad application of this search motif for the identification of similar active sites in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Kwiatkowski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska St. 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-56-611-44-56; Fax: +48-56-61-14-772
| | - Aloysius Wong
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou 325060, China;
- Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou 325060, China
| | - Anna Kozakiewicz-Piekarz
- Department of Biomedical and Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina St. 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Christoph Gehring
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Borgo XX giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska St. 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
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Al-Younis I, Moosa B, Kwiatkowski M, Jaworski K, Wong A, Gehring C. Functional Crypto-Adenylate Cyclases Operate in Complex Plant Proteins. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:711749. [PMID: 34456950 PMCID: PMC8387589 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.711749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) and their catalytic product cAMP are regulatory components of many plant responses. Here, we show that an amino acid search motif based on annotated adenylate cyclases (ACs) identifies 12 unique Arabidopsis thaliana candidate ACs, four of which have a role in the biosynthesis of the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA). One of these, the 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED3 and At3g14440), was identified by sequence and structural analysis as a putative AC and then tested experimentally with two different methods. Given that the in vitro activity is low (fmoles cAMP pmol-1 protein min-1), but highly reproducible, we term the enzyme a crypto-AC. Our results are consistent with a role for ACs with low activities in multi-domain moonlighting proteins that have at least one other distinct molecular function, such as catalysis or ion channel activation. We propose that crypto-ACs be examined from the perspective that considers their low activities as an innate feature of regulatory ACs embedded within multi-domain moonlighting proteins. It is therefore conceivable that crypto-ACs form integral components of complex plant proteins participating in intra-molecular regulatory mechanisms, and in this case, potentially linking cAMP to ABA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas Al-Younis
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basem Moosa
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mateusz Kwiatkowski
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Aloysius Wong
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chris Gehring
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Biology & Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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15
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Duszyn M, Świeżawska-Boniecka B, Wong A, Jaworski K, Szmidt-Jaworska A. In Vitro Characterization of Guanylyl Cyclase BdPepR2 from Brachypodium distachyon Identified through a Motif-Based Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126243. [PMID: 34200573 PMCID: PMC8228174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) and guanylyl cyclases (GCs), which catalyze the formation of cGMP, were implicated in a growing number of plant processes, including plant growth and development and the responses to various stresses. To identify novel GCs in plants, an amino acid sequence of a catalytic motif with a conserved core was designed through bioinformatic analysis. In this report, we describe the performed analyses and consider the changes caused by the introduced modification within the GC catalytic motif, which eventually led to the description of a plasma membrane receptor of peptide signaling molecules—BdPepR2 in Brachypodium distachyon. Both in vitro GC activity studies and structural and docking analyses demonstrated that the protein could act as a GC and contains a highly conserved 14-aa GC catalytic center. However, we observed that in the case of BdPepR2, this catalytic center is altered where a methionine instead of the conserved lysine or arginine residues at position 14 of the motif, conferring higher catalytic activity than arginine and alanine, as confirmed through mutagenesis studies. This leads us to propose the expansion of the GC motif to cater for the identification of GCs in monocots. Additionally, we show that BdPepR2 also has in vitro kinase activity, which is modulated by cGMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Duszyn
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland; (B.Ś.-B.); (K.J.); (A.S.-J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Brygida Świeżawska-Boniecka
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland; (B.Ś.-B.); (K.J.); (A.S.-J.)
| | - Aloysius Wong
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou 325060, China;
- Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou-Kean University, Ouhai, Wenzhou 325060, China
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland; (B.Ś.-B.); (K.J.); (A.S.-J.)
| | - Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland; (B.Ś.-B.); (K.J.); (A.S.-J.)
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Świeżawska-Boniecka B, Duszyn M, Kwiatkowski M, Szmidt-Jaworska A, Jaworski K. Cross Talk Between Cyclic Nucleotides and Calcium Signaling Pathways in Plants-Achievements and Prospects. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:643560. [PMID: 33664763 PMCID: PMC7921789 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.643560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A variety of plant cellular activities are regulated through mechanisms controlling the level of signal molecules, such as cyclic nucleotides (cNMPs, e.g., cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate, cAMP, and cyclic guanosine 3':5'- monophosphate, cGMP) and calcium ions (Ca2+). The mechanism regulating cNMP levels affects their synthesis, degradation, efflux and cellular distribution. Many transporters and the spatiotemporal pattern of calcium signals, which are transduced by multiple, tunable and often strategically positioned Ca2+-sensing elements, play roles in calcium homeostasis. Earlier studies have demonstrated that while cNMPs and Ca2+ can act separately in independent transduction pathways, they can interact and function together. Regardless of the context, the balance between Ca2+ and cNMP is the most important consideration. This balance seems to be crucial for effectors, such as phosphodiesterases, cyclic nucleotide gated channels and cyclase activity. Currently, a wide range of molecular biology techniques enable thorough analyses of cellular cross talk. In recent years, data have indicated relationships between calcium ions and cyclic nucleotides in mechanisms regulating specific signaling pathways. The purpose of this study is to summarize the current knowledge on nucleotide-calcium cross talk in plants.
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Kwiatkowski M, Wong A, Kozakiewicz A, Gehring C, Jaworski K. A tandem motif-based and structural approach can identify hidden functional phosphodiesterases. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:970-975. [PMID: 33613864 PMCID: PMC7873575 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide monophosphates (cNMPs) are increasingly recognized as essential signaling molecules governing many physiological and developmental processes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Degradation of cNMPs is as important as their generation because it offers the capability for transient and dynamic cellular level regulation but unlike their generating enzymes, the degrading enzymes, cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are somewhat elusive in higher plants. Based on sequence analysis and structural properties of canonical PDE catalytic centers, we have developed a consensus sequence search motif and used it to identify candidate PDEs. One of these is an Arabidopsis thaliana K+-Uptake Permease (AtKUP5). Structural and molecular docking analysis revealed that the identified PDE domain occupies the C-terminal of this protein forming a solvent-exposed distinctive pocket that can spatially accommodate the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) substrate and importantly, cAMP assumes a binding pose that is favorable for interactions with the key amino acids in the consensus motif. PDE activity was confirmed by the sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Notably, this activity was stimulated by the Ca2+/CaM complex, the binding of which to the PDE center was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Since AtKUP5 also has adenylate cyclase (AC) activity that is essential for K+ transport, we propose that this dual moonlighting AC-PDE architecture, offers modulatory roles that afford intricate intramolecular regulation of cAMP levels thereby enabling fine-tuning of cAMP signaling in K+ homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Kwiatkowski
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska St. 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Aloysius Wong
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China
- Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Wenzhou-Kean University, China
| | - Anna Kozakiewicz
- Department of Biomedical and Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina St. 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Christoph Gehring
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Borgo XX giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska St. 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
- Corresponding author.
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Jaworski K, Pankiewicz A, Chrószcz A, Poradowski D. Different Approach to Horses-The Use of Equid Remains in the Early Middle Ages on the Example of Ostrów Tumski in Wroclaw. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122294. [PMID: 33291605 PMCID: PMC7761946 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The following article concerns the functional use of horse bones in the early Middle Ages (mainly in the period from the mid of the 10th to the 12th/13th century). The authors try to explain how such remains were used and how common it was. It is also discussed whether the special role of the horse in medieval societies somehow restricted its post-mortem usage, or perhaps there was no difference between the skeletal remains of horses and other species in this regard. For this purpose, statistical calculations on the use of the bones of various mammals were made. Only the remains of the species determined during the archaeozoological analysis were taken into account. The specific use of individual parts of a horse skeleton was also noted. In addition, the analysis also encompasses all other types of horse remains that could be used by humans (hide, hair, etc.). The consumption of horse meat was discussed separately: on the basis of the preserved traces, an attempt was made to determine whether it had happened, and if so, how popular it had been. Overall, such comprehensive analysis aims to show the various roles of the horse. It was not only a mount, but also a beast of burden, a source of food and raw material as well. The main purpose of this study is to describe the role of horses in human medieval societies of Ostrów Tumski on the basis of accessible equid remains. The highlighting of the human-horse relationship in the past allows us to understand the importance and value of the horse both as a life companion and the source of food or leather and bone tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jaworski
- Institute of Archaeology, University of Wroclaw, Szewska 48, 50-139 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Pankiewicz
- Institute of Archaeology, University of Wroclaw, Szewska 48, 50-139 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-694-288-620
| | - Aleksander Chrószcz
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1/3, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland; (A.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Dominik Poradowski
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1/3, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland; (A.C.); (D.P.)
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19
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Świeżawska B, Duszyn M, Kwiatkowski M, Jaworski K, Pawełek A, Szmidt‐Jaworska A. Brachypodium distachyon
triphosphate tunnel metalloenzyme 3 is both a triphosphatase and an adenylyl cyclase upregulated by mechanical wounding. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:1101-1111. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brygida Świeżawska
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun Poland
| | - Maria Duszyn
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun Poland
| | - Mateusz Kwiatkowski
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pawełek
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun Poland
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20
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Bęćkowski M, Kowalik I, Jaworski K, Dąbrowski R, Gierlotka M, Gąsior M, Poloński L, Zdrojewski T, Karwowski J, Drygas W, Szwed H. Differences in Symptomatology and Clinical Course of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Women ≤45 Years of Age Compared to Older Women. Curr Probl Cardiol 2019; 46:100508. [PMID: 31898981 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2019.100508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in young people are rare. The data regarding differences in symptoms in relation to age are scarce, which may have an influence on outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in the clinical course of ACS between younger women (≤45 years old) and older women (63-64 years old). We compared 7481 women with ACS from the Polish Registry of ACS between 2007 and 2014 (1834 women aged ≤45 years and 5647 women aged 63-64 years). The predominant symptom of ACS in both groups was chest pain, with a higher incidence occurring in younger women (90.4% vs 88.5%, P = 0.025). Prehospital cardiac arrest occurred more often in younger women (2.1% vs 0.8%, P < 0.001), and onset-to-balloon time was shorter (8.9 vs 15.2 hours, P < 0.0001) in this group. Younger women presented with a lower Killip class at admission (class I at admission: 92.7% vs 86.2%, P < 0.001). The dominant type of ACS in the younger cohort was ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (42% vs 26.1%), localized mainly in the anterior wall (47.7% vs 36.1%, P < 0.001), with a higher percentage of total occlusion of infarct-related artery (TIMI 0, 45.2% vs 36.1%) and left anterior descending artery engagement for all (33.5% vs 26.5%, P < 0.001). Drug-eluting stents were often used in the younger patients (43.3% vs 38.2%, P = 0.003) without significant differences in percutaneous coronary intervention numbers. Pharmacotherapy was used less in younger women. The 30-day and 2-year mortality in young women was lower than in the older cohort. The clinical course of ACS in younger women differed in comparison to older women. Younger women had a higher occurrence of typical chest pain, STEMI, and left anterior descending artery engagement. Except STEMI patients young women received faster revascularization, however with no significant differences in invasive treatment. Pharmacotherapy was inadequate in younger women and that resulted in a lower usage of the beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and statins in that group. Short- and long-term mortality was low, regardless of the type of ACS.
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Duszyn M, Świeżawska B, Szmidt-Jaworska A, Jaworski K. Cyclic nucleotide gated channels (CNGCs) in plant signalling-Current knowledge and perspectives. J Plant Physiol 2019; 241:153035. [PMID: 31491601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.153035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cell signaling is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that responds and adapts to various internal and external factors. Generally, a signal is mediated by various signaling molecules and is transferred to a cascade of effector proteins. To date, there is significant evidence that cyclic nucleotides (cNMPs), e.g., adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), may represent important elements of many signaling pathways in plants. However, in contrast to the impressive progress made in understanding cyclic nucleotide signaling in mammalian hosts, only few studies have investigated this topic in plants. Existing evidence indicates that cNMPs participate in growth and developmental processes, as well as the response to various stresses. Once synthesized by adenylyl or guanylyl cyclases, these signals are transduced by acting through a number of cellular effectors. The regulatory effects of cNMPs in eukaryotes can be mediated via various downstream effector proteins, such as protein kinases, Exchange Protein directly Activated by cAMP (EPAC), and Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated ion Channels (CNGC). These proteins sense changes in intracellular cNMP levels and regulate numerous cellular responses. Moreover, the amplitude of cNMP levels and the duration of its signal in the cell is also governed by phosphodiesterases (PDEs), enzymes that are responsible for the breakdown of cNMPs. Data collected in recent years strongly suggest that cyclic nucleotide gated channels are the main cNMP effectors in plant cells. These channels are important cellular switches that transduce changes in intracellular concentrations of cyclic nucleotides into changes in membrane potential and ion concentrations. Structurally, these channels belong to the superfamily of pore-loop cation channels. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular properties of CNGC structure, regulation and ion selectivity, and subcellular localization, as well as describing the signal transduction pathways in which these channels are involved. We will also summarize recent insights into the role of CNGC proteins in plant growth, development and response to stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Duszyn
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Brygida Świeżawska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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Kletkiewicz H, Maliszewska J, Jaworski K, Jermacz Ł, Smoliński DJ, Rogalska J. Thermal conditions during neonatal anoxia affect the endogenous level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. J Neurosci Res 2019; 97:1266-1277. [PMID: 31257630 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Anoxia during delivery is a complication that can disturb infant brain development leading to various types of neurological disorders. Our studies have shown that increased body temperature of newborn rats of both sexes intensifies the postanoxic oxidative stress and prevents triggering the endogenous adaptive response such as HIF-1α activation. Currently, brain-derived neurotrophic factor-BDNF is considered to be a modulator of neuronal plasticity. In the developing brain, mature BDNF and its precursor exhibit prosurvival action through the TrkB receptor and proapoptotic functions binding to p75NTR , respectively. The aim of our experiments was to check the effects of body temperature on the postanoxic level of BDNF and on the expression of its receptors as well as on the marker of apoptosis-caspase-3 in the rat brain. Two-day-old Wistar Han rats (male/female ratio, 1:1) were exposed to anoxia in 100% nitrogen atmosphere for 10 min in different thermal conditions, which allowed them to regulate their rectal temperature at the following levels: normothermic-33°C; hyperthermic-37°C; and extremely hyperthermic-39°C. Thermal conditions during neonatal anoxia affected the level of proBDNF, BDNF as well as their receptors and caspase-3 in the forebrain. The increased BDNF protein level followed by decreased caspase-3 protein level was probably dependent on body temperature under anoxic conditions and was observed only in rats maintaining decreased body temperature. The positive effect of BDNF was not observed under hyperthermic conditions. Moreover, BDNF level changes correlated with body temperature probably affected the learning and spatial memory in juvenile rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kletkiewicz
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Justyna Maliszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Łukasz Jermacz
- Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Dariusz J Smoliński
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.,Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Justyna Rogalska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
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Świeżawska B, Duszyn M, Jaworski K, Szmidt-Jaworska A. Downstream Targets of Cyclic Nucleotides in Plants. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:1428. [PMID: 30327660 PMCID: PMC6174285 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Efficient integration of various external and internal signals is required to maintain adaptive cellular function. Numerous distinct signal transduction systems have evolved to allow cells to receive these inputs, to translate their codes and, subsequently, to expand and integrate their meanings. Two of these, cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP, together referred to as the cyclic nucleotide signaling system, are between them. The cyclic nucleotides regulate a vast number of processes in almost all living organisms. Once synthesized by adenylyl or guanylyl cyclases, cyclic nucleotides transduce signals by acting through a number of cellular effectors. Because the activities of several of these effectors are altered simultaneously in response to temporal changes in cyclic nucleotide levels, agents that increase cAMP/cGMP levels can trigger multiple signaling events that markedly affect numerous cellular functions. In this mini review, we summarize recent evidence supporting the existence of cNMP effectors in plant cells. Specifically, we highlight cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), cGMP-dependent kinase G (PKG), and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Essentially this manuscript documents the progress that has been achieved in recent decades in improving our understanding of the regulation and function of cNMPs in plants and emphasizes the current gaps and unanswered questions in this field of plant signaling research.
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Kletkiewicz H, Hyjek M, Jaworski K, Nowakowska A, Rogalska J. Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in rat brain after perinatal anoxia: role of body temperature. Int J Hyperthermia 2017; 34:824-833. [DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2017.1385860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kletkiewicz
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Malwina Hyjek
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
- Centre For Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Anna Nowakowska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Justyna Rogalska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
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Jaworski K, Styczyńska M, Mandecka M, Walecki J, Kosior DA. Fahr Syndrome - an Important Piece of a Puzzle in the Differential Diagnosis of Many Diseases. Pol J Radiol 2017; 82:490-493. [PMID: 29662577 PMCID: PMC5894054 DOI: 10.12659/pjr.902024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Fahr syndrome is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by symmetrical, bilateral calcifications in the basal ganglia, nucleus gyrus and cerebral cortex. The continuous advancement as well as widespread use of brain imaging have contributed to the increasing detection rates of such changes. Nevertheless, their etiology is understood only partially and the methods of causative treatment are limited. Due to various symptoms, Fahr syndrome may resemble diseases from the field of neurology, psychiatry, cardiology and even urology. This article provides an up-to-date review of the literature concerning Fahr syndrome in terms of clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Central Clinical Hospital of The Ministry of Interior, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Styczyńska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Mandecka
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Walecki
- Department of Radiology, Postgraduate Medical School, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz A. Kosior
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Świeżawska B, Jaworski K, Duszyn M, Pawełek A, Szmidt-Jaworska A. The Hippeastrum hybridum PepR1 gene (HpPepR1) encodes a functional guanylyl cyclase and is involved in early response to fungal infection. J Plant Physiol 2017; 216:100-107. [PMID: 28609666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It is generally known that cyclic GMP widespread in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, is involved in essential cellular processes and stress signal transduction. However, in contrast to animals the knowledge about plant guanylyl cyclases (GCs) which catalyze the formation of cGMP from GTP is still quite obscure. Recent studies of plant GCs are focused on identification and functional analysis of a new family of membrane proteins called "moonlighting kinases with GC activity" with guanylyl cyclase catalytic center encapsulated within intracellular kinase domain. Here we report identification and characterization of plasma membrane receptor of peptide signaling molecules - HpPepR1 in Hippeastrum hybridum. Both bioinformatic analysis of amimo acid sequence and in vitro studies revealed that the protein can act as guanylyl cyclase. The predicted amino acid sequence contains highly conserved 14 aa-long search motif in the catalytic center of GCs from lower and higher eukaryotes. Here, we provide experimental evidence to show that the intracellular domain of HpPepR1 can generate cGMP in vitro. Moreover, it was shown that the accumulation of HpPepR1 transcript was sharply increased after Peyronellaea curtisii (=Phoma narcissi) fungal infection, whereas mechanical wounding has no influence on expression profile of studied gene. These results may indicate the participation of cGMP-dependent pathway in rapid, alarm plant reactions induced by pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brygida Świeżawska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100, Torun, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100, Torun, Poland.
| | - Maria Duszyn
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100, Torun, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Pawełek
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100, Torun, Poland.
| | - Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100, Torun, Poland.
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Pawełek A, Duszyn M, Świeżawska B, Szmidt-Jaworska A, Jaworski K. Transcriptional response of a novel HpCDPK1 kinase gene from Hippeastrum x hybr. to wounding and fungal infection. J Plant Physiol 2017; 216:108-117. [PMID: 28609667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Calcium dependent protein kinases (CDPK) are well established plant sensor and effectors for calcium ions and participate in regulation of multiple abiotic and biotic stress responses in plant cells. Here we present the identification and characterization of a new CDPK kinase gene from bulbous plant Hippeastrum x hybr. and examine the role of this kinase in stress responses leading to phytoalexin (PA) production in plant tissues. In the previous research, it was shown that Hippeastrum bulbs mechanically wounded or infected with Peyronellaea curtisii (=Phoma narcissi) are inducted to an antifungal red substance synthesis. In this research, we demonstrated Ca2+ dependence of the phytoalexin production by wounded bulbs. Furthermore, the isolated HpCDPK1 cDNA for ORF was found to be 1596bp long and encoded 531 amino acid protein with CDPK kinase activity, as was shown by recombinant GST-HpCDPK1 enzyme production and analysis. HpCDPK1 transcript was present in all vegetative and chosen generative organs of Hippeastrum plant. The dynamics of the observed HpCDPK1 mRNA changes in bulbs depended on stressor type. The mechanical injury caused one wave of transcript increase while more complex transcript changes were observed within 48h after Peyronellaea inoculation. In plant bulbs already accumulating red phytoalexin, increases in HpCDPK1 mRNA level were observed at certain intervals within 48h whereas, in the case of fungal infection, only one big increment in the transcript amount at the 10th minute after inoculation was detected. The observed transcriptional response of HpCDPK1 gene to wounding and pathogen infection stress suggests a positive correlation with phytoalexin synthesis and maintenance in bulb tissues and puts more light on CDPK kinase role in the plant stress response regulation. This also bears some potential for understanding the mechanism of a phytoalexin formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Pawełek
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Maria Duszyn
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Brygida Świeżawska
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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Jaworski K, Jankowski P, Kosior DA. PCSK9 inhibitors - from discovery of a single mutation to a groundbreaking therapy of lipid disorders in one decade. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:914-929. [PMID: 28721159 PMCID: PMC5510512 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.65239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is one of the main risk factors for coronary heart disease and significantly contributes to the high mortality associated with cardiovascular diseases. Statin therapy represents the gold standard in the reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration. Nevertheless, many patients still cannot achieve the recommended target levels, due to either inadequate effectiveness or intolerance of these drugs. Monoclonal antibodies that inhibit proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) have emerged as a promising option in lipid-lowering treatment. After confirmation of their efficacy and safety in clinical trials, evolocumab and alirocumab received approval from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) for introduction into clinical practice. In this review, we present a history of the development and mechanisms of action, as well as the results of the most important studies concerning PCSK9 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jaworski
- 2 Department of Coronary Artery Disease, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Jankowski
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dariusz A. Kosior
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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29
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Jaworski K, Możeńska O, Kosior DA. [New strategies for assessing the risk of sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]. Pol Merkur Lekarski 2016; 41:65-69. [PMID: 27591441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by a primarily increased ventricular wall thickness, usually caused by the mutations in genes encoding sarcomere proteins. Thanks to the growing awareness in the medical community as well as advances in diagnostic techniques HCM can be diagnosed at earlier stages than ever before. However, in some cases the first symptom of this disease is a sudden cardiac death (SCD) and diagnosis remains unknown until post-mortem examination. Implantation of a cardioverterdefibrillator (ICD) provides the most effective method of SCD prevention. Nevertheless, due to a number of risks associated with surgery as well as the possession of such devices, predictive factors of serious ventricular arrhythmia in individual patients have been sought for many years. The aim of this review is to present the current strategies of risk assessment and prevention of SCD in patients with HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Możeńska
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz A Kosior
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior, Warsaw, Poland
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Jaworski K, Maślanka K, Jakimiuk A, Łopacz P, Panin P, Kosior D. Transfusion-related acute lung injury in a young woman with ectopic pregnancy – case report and literature review. Ginekol Pol 2016; 87:231-4. [DOI: 10.17772/gp/61991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Świeżawska B, Jaworski K, Szewczuk P, Pawełek A, Szmidt-Jaworska A. Identification of a Hippeastrum hybridum guanylyl cyclase responsive to wounding and pathogen infection. J Plant Physiol 2015; 189:77-86. [PMID: 26523507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) is a critical component of many (patho)physiological processes in plants whilst guanylyl cyclases (GCs) which catalyse the formation of cGMP from GTP have remained somewhat elusive. Consequently, the two major aims are the discovery of novel guanylyl cyclases and the identification of GC/cGMP mediated processes. To identify a novel GC from Hippeastrum hybridum plant and facilitate the preparation of guanylyl cyclase in an amount sufficient for further crystallographic studies, we have constructed an overproduction system for this enzyme. This gene encodes a protein of 256 amino acids, with a calculated molecular mass of 28kD. The predicted amino acid sequence contains all the typical features and shows a high identity to other plant GCs. The GST-HpGC1 was catalytically active in Escherichia coli cells and the purified, recombinant HpGC1 was able to convert GTP to cGMP in the presence of divalent cations. The used overexpression system yields a guanylyl cyclase as 6% of the bacterial cytosolic protein. Besides the identification of HpGC1 as a guanylyl cyclase, the study has shown that the level of HpCG1 mRNA changed during stress conditions. Both mechanical damage and a Peyronellaea curtisii (=Phoma narcissi) fungi infection led to an initial decrease in the HpGC1 transcript level, followed by a substantial increase during the remainder of the 48-h test cycle. Moreover, significant changes in cyclic GMP level were observed, taking the form of oscillations. In conclusion, our data unequivocally identified the product of the HpGC1 gene as a guanylyl cyclase and demonstrates that such an overproduction system can be successfully used in enzyme synthesis. Furthermore, they indicate a link between the causing stimulus (wounding, infection) and guanylyl cyclase expression and the increase in cGMP amplitude. Therefore, it is concluded that appearance of cyclic GMP as a mediator in defense and wound-healing mechanisms provides a clue to the regulation of these processes.
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Pawełek A, Szmidt-Jaworska A, Świeżawska B, Jaworski K. Genomic structure and promoter characterization of the CDPK kinase gene expressed during seed formation in Pharbitis nil. J Plant Physiol 2015; 189:87-96. [PMID: 26546919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CDPK kinases are a unique class of calcium sensor/responders that regulate many growth and developmental processes as well as stress responses of plants. PnCDPK1 kinase from Pharbitis nil is regulated by light and contributes to seed germination, seedling growth and flower formation. Following an earlier work in which we identified the PnCDPK1 coding sequence and a 330bp long 3'UTR (untranslated region), we present for the first time the genomic organization of PnCDPK1, including intron analysis and the gene copy number designation. We completed the research by identifying the 5'-flanking region of PnCDPK1 and analyzed it in silico, which led to the discovery of several cis-regulatory elements involved in light regulation, embryogenesis and seed development. The functional analysis of P. nil CDPK showed characterization of the PnCDPK1 transcript and PnCDPK protein level during seed formation and fruit maturation. The greatest amount of PnCDPK1 mRNA was present in the last stages of seed maturation. Moreover, two PnCDPK proteins of different molecular masses were discovered during fruit development, showing various protein accumulation and activity profile. The 56kDa protein dominated in the early stages of fruit development, whereas the smaller protein (52kDa) was prominent in the latter stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Pawełek
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Brygida Świeżawska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland
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Abstract
Dermatological complications of amiodarone are commonly encountered problems in therapy. The incidence in the population of patients with prolonged use of amiodarone reaches nearly 75% according to various sources. Nevertheless, they are often misdiagnosed or overlooked. The aim of this review is to present the current state of knowledge about skin changes induced by amiodarone, including phototoxic and photoallergic reactions, as well as hyperpigmentation. In most cases, the adverse effects are reversible and disappear after discontinuation of the drug. Although the dermatological complications usually do not influence the outcome of the therapy and rarely cause discontinuation of treatment, they have a great impact on patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Irena Walecka
- Department of Dermatology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Rudnicka
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Gnatowski
- Department of Traumaorthopedic Surgery, District Hospital, Wołomin, Poland
| | - Dariusz A Kosior
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Jaworski K, Maślanka K, Kosior DA. Transfusion-related acute lung injury: a dangerous and underdiagnosed noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Cardiol J 2014; 20:337-44. [PMID: 23913451 DOI: 10.5603/cj.2013.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is one of the leading causes of death associated with transfusion of blood and blood components. The understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of this syndrome has much improved during the last decades, nevertheless numerous issues are still unresolved and symptomatic treatment remains the cornerstone of medical management. Consequently more attention is directed at primary as well as secondary prevention. The awareness of the problem within the medical society is still unsatisfactory which results in a high number of unrecognized cases or of inaccurate diagnoses one of which is cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The aim of this review is to make the TRALI syndrome more familiar to clinicians and to emphasize how significant proper medical management is both for the patients presenting TRALI symptoms as well as for future recipients of blood components.
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Swieżawska B, Jaworski K, Pawełek A, Grzegorzewska W, Szewczuk P, Szmidt-Jaworska A. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel adenylyl cyclase gene, HpAC1, involved in stress signaling in Hippeastrum x hybridum. Plant Physiol Biochem 2014; 80:41-52. [PMID: 24721550 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) are enzymes that generate cyclic AMP, which is involved in different physiological and developmental processes in a number of organisms. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a new plant adenylyl cyclases (AC) gene, designated HpAC1, from Hippeastrum x hybridum. This gene encodes a protein of 206 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 23 kD and an isoelectric point of 5.07. The predicted amino acid sequence contains all the typical features of and shows high identity with putative plant ACs. The purified, recombinant HpAC1 is able to convert ATP to cAMP. The complementation test that was performed to analyze the ability of HpAC1 to compensate for the AC deficiency in the Escherichia coli SP850 strain revealed that HpAC1 functions as an adenylyl cyclase and produces cyclic AMP. Moreover, it was shown that the transcript level of HpAC1 and cyclic AMP concentration changed during certain stress conditions. Both mechanical damage and Phoma narcissi infection lead to two sharp increases in HpAC1 mRNA levels during a 72-h test cycle. Changes in intracellular cAMP level were also observed. These results may indicate the participation of a cAMP-dependent pathway both in rapid and systemic reactions induced after disruption of symplast and apoplast continuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brygida Swieżawska
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pawełek
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Weronika Grzegorzewska
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Piotr Szewczuk
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Graham
- Hemophilia Center of Western Pennsylvania; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - K. Jaworski
- Hemophilia Center of Western Pennsylvania; Pittsburgh PA USA
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Poźniak B, Świtała M, Jaworski K, Okoniewski P, Niewiński P. Comparative pharmacokinetics of acetylsalicylic acid and sodium salicylate in chickens and turkeys. Br Poult Sci 2013; 54:538-44. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2013.809403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Jaworski K, Pawełek A, Kopcewicz J, Szmidt-Jaworska A. The calcium-dependent protein kinase (PnCDPK1) is involved in Pharbitis nil flowering. J Plant Physiol 2012; 169:1578-85. [PMID: 22840323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2012.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Signaling pathways, and specifically the signaling pathway of calcium, have been widely implicated in the regulation of a variety of signals in plants. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are essential sensor-transducers of calcium signaling pathways, the functional characterization of which is of great interest because they play important roles during growth and in response to a wide range of environmental and developmental stimuli. Here, we report the first evidence of transient and specific elevation of PnCDPK1 transcript level and enzyme activity following conversion of a leaf bud to a flower bud, as well as participation of PnCDPK1 in evocation and flower morphogenesis in Pharbitis nil. Fluorescence microscopy immunolocalization and biochemical analysis confirmed the presence of CDPK in shoot apexes. The protein level was low in leaves, vegetative apexes and increased significantly in apexes after a flowering long-induction night. In the vegetative apex, a very weak PnCDPK1 protein signal was accumulated prominently in the zone of the ground meristem and in external layers of tissues of the cortex. After the dark treatment, the signal in cells of the ground meristem was still present, but a significantly stronger signal appeared in epidermal cells, cortex tissue, and leaf primordium. At the onset of flower meristem development, the PnCDPK1 level diverged significantly. PnCDPK1 mRNA, protein level and enzyme activity were very low at the beginning of flower bud development and gradually increased in later stages, reaching the highest level in a fully open flower. Analysis of flower organs revealed that PnCDPK1 was accumulated mainly in petals and sepals rather than in pistils and stamens. Our results clearly indicate that PnCDPK1 is developmentally regulated and may be an important component in the signal transduction pathways for flower morphogenesis. Findings from this research are important for further dissecting mechanisms of flowering and functions of CDPKs in flowering plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jaworski
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina St. 9, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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Kosior DA, Brodowski K, Krzykwa A, Jaworski K, Zylińska E, Opolski G. [Role of inflammation in etiology of atrial fibrillation--is lone arrhythmia really alone]. Wiad Lek 2012; 65:255-258. [PMID: 23654149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present the case study of recurrent AF episodes initially considered as a lone arrhythmia. Due to elevated C-reactive protein and fibrinogen serum levels with absence of other potential risk factors of arrhythmia and diseases underlying the genesis of inflammatory response we consider the plays a prominent role in etiology in perpetuation and maintenance of AF. Additional use of atorvastatin to a conventional therapy leads to significant reduction of C-reactive protein and fibrinogen and improves effect of long-term sinus rhythm maintenance.
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Lenartowska M, Lenartowski R, Smoliński DJ, Wróbel B, Niedojadło J, Jaworski K, Bednarska E. Calreticulin expression and localization in plant cells during pollen-pistil interactions. Planta 2009; 231:67-77. [PMID: 19820965 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-009-1024-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this report, the distributions of calreticulin (CRT) and its transcripts in Haemanthus pollen, pollen tubes, and somatic cells of the hollow pistil were studied. Immunoblot analysis of protein extracts from mature anthers, dry and germinated pollen, growing pollen tubes, and unpollinated/pollinated pistils revealed a strong expression of CRT. Both in vitro and in situ studies confirmed the presence of CRT mRNA and protein in pollen/pollen tubes and somatic cells of the pistil transmitting tract. The co-localization of these molecules in ER of these cells suggests that the rough ER is a site of CRT translation. In the pistil, accumulation of the protein in pollen tubes, transmitting tract epidermis (tte), and micropylar cells of the ovule (mc) was correlated with the increased level of exchangeable calcium. Therefore, CRT as a Ca(2+)-binding/buffering protein, may be involved in mechanism of regulation calcium homeostasis in these cells. The functional role of the protein in pollen-pistil interactions, apart from its postulated function in cellular Ca(2+) homeostasis, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lenartowska
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 9, 87-100, Toruń, Poland.
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Szmidt-Jaworska A, Jaworski K, Kopcewicz J. Effect of light on soluble guanylyl cyclase activity in Pharbitis nil seedlings. J Photochem Photobiol B 2008; 93:9-15. [PMID: 18674925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2008] [Revised: 05/29/2008] [Accepted: 06/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic GMP acts as a chemical switch in plant cells to modulate cellular reactions. However, its metabolism has not been extensively explored and is still poorly understood. Previous experiments suggest that an endogenous cGMP system could participate in the mechanism of phytochrome controlled photoperiodic flower induction in Pharbitis nil. In order to gain further information on the role of cGMP, we have begun to study the enzyme of cGMP synthesis. In this article, the presence of the enzyme with guanylyl cyclase (GC) activity in soluble protein fractions of P. nil is reported. A large portion of the enzymatic activity is present in the cotyledons, where enzyme activity amounted to 0.45 pmol cGMP/min/mg protein. The enzyme exhibited a K(m) 0.5mM for GTP. A plot of 1/v versus 1/[GTP] was linear and V(max) was 0.74 pmol cGMP/min/mg protein. It was shown that the anti-sGC antibody recognise a 40 kDa protein. Moreover, the NO-donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and YC-1, as a NO-independent stimulator, enhanced enzyme activity. The NS 2028 (a potent GC inhibitor) treatments provoked a 3-fold reduction of the enzyme activity in comparison to the untreated fractions. Furthermore, the influence of light on GC activity was analysed. It was noted that cGMP level increased in cool white light, and darkness inhibited enzyme activity. Exposure to blue light acts to stimulate cGMP formation, whereas in red light a rapid decrease in GC activity was observed that returned to the high level when far-red light was applied after the red light treatment. The results presented in this work strongly argue that an enzyme with guanylyl cyclase activity is present in P. nil organs and its activity is controlled by light via the photoreceptors-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Institute of General and Molecular Biology, Department of Plant Physiology and Morphogenesis, Gagarina Street 9, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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Szmidt-Jaworska A, Jaworski K, Kopcewicz J. Involvement of cyclic GMP in phytochrome-controlled flowering of Pharbitis nil. J Plant Physiol 2008; 165:858-67. [PMID: 17913286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2007.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2006] [Revised: 02/05/2007] [Accepted: 02/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Light is one of the most important environmental factors influencing the induction of flowering in plants. Light is absorbed by specific photoreceptors--the phytochromes and cryptochromes system--which fulfil a sensory and a regulatory function in the process. The absorption of light by phytochromes initiates a cascade of related biochemical events in responsive cells, and subsequently changes plant growth and development. Induction of flowering is controlled by several paths. One is triggered by the guanosine-3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) level. Thus, the aim of our study was to investigate the role of cGMP in phytochrome-controlled flowering. It is best to conduct such research on short-day plants because the photoperiodic reactions of only these plants are totally unequivocal. The most commonly used plant is the model short-day plant Pharbitis nil. The seedlings of P. nil were cultivated under special photoperiodic conditions: 72-h-long darkness, 24-h-long white light with low intensity and 24-h-long inductive night. Such light conditions cause a degradation of the light-labile phytochrome. Far red (FR) treatment before night causes inactivation of the remaining light-stable phytochrome. During the 24-h-long inductive darkness period, the total amount of cGMP in cotyledons underwent fluctuations, with maxima at the 4th, 8th and 14th hours. When plants were treated with FR before the long night, fluctuations were not observed. A red light pulse given after FR treatment could reverse the effect induced by FR, and the oscillation in the cGMP level was observed again. Because the intracellular level of cGMP is controlled by the opposite action of guanylyl cyclases (GCs) and phosphodiesterases (PDEs), we first tested whether accumulation of the nucleotide in P. nil tissue may be changed after treatment with a GC stimulator or PDE inhibitor. Accumulation of the nucleotide in P. nil cotyledons treated with a stimulator of cGMP synthesis (sodium nitroprusside) was markedly (approximately 80%) higher. It was highest in the presence of dipyridamole, whereas 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine did not significantly affect cGMP level. These results show that the analysed compounds were able to penetrate the cotyledons' tissue, and that they influenced enzyme activity and cGMP accumulation. FR light applied at the end of the 24-h-long white light period inhibited flowering. Exogenous cGMP added on cotyledons could reverse the effect of FR, especially when the compound was applied in the first half of the long night. Flowering was also promoted by exogenous application of guanylyl cyclase activator and phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and in particular dipyridamole. The results obtained suggest that an endogenous cGMP system could participate in the mechanism of a phytochrome-controlled flowering in P. nil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Department of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Institute of General and Molecular Biology, Gagarina Street 9, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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Switała M, Hrynyk R, Smutkiewicz A, Jaworski K, Pawlowski P, Okoniewski P, Grabowski T, Debowy J. Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol, thiamphenicol, and chloramphenicol in turkeys. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2007; 30:145-50. [PMID: 17348900 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2007.00827.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of florfenicol (FF), thiamphenicol (TP) and chloramphenicol (CP) after single intravenous (i.v.) or oral (p.o.) administration was studied in an independent cross-over study in broiler turkeys. All the fenicol antibiotics were administered at a dose of 30 mg/kg b.w. and their concentrations in plasma samples were assayed using the same validated high-performance liquid chromatography method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by a noncompartmental method. The kinetic profiles of the compounds were compared with the results of the structure-activity relationship. According to the proposed mathematical description, no differences in plasma clearance values for the studied antibiotics were observed. The mean residence time values of FF, TF, and CP after i.v. injection were 3.37+/-0.63, 2.43+/-0.29, and 2.12+/-0.21 h, respectively. The mean values of Varea for FF (1.39+/-0.31 L/kg) and TP (1.31+/-0.19 L/kg) were similar, but significantly different from that of CP (1.04+/-0.12 L/kg). The bioavailabilities of FF, TP, and CP after oral administration were 82%, 69%, and 45%, respectively. Differences in the bioavailability values of the compared fenicol antibiotics correspond to the ratio of the apolar/polar surface areas of their particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Switała
- Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Agricultural University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Jaworski K, Szmidt-Jaworska A, Kopcewicz J. [Plant protein kinases stimulated by calcium]. Postepy Biochem 2005; 51:188-97. [PMID: 16209356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signals play an important role in many aspects of plant growth and development, including plant response to biotic and abiotic stress. The stimulus characteristic intracellular Ca2+ signals are generated in plant cells by a variety of stimuli, including changes in environmental conditions, interaction with microbes and growth and development processes. Cytoplasmatic calcium brings about responses by interacting with target proteins, like calcium-dependent kinases. In plant there are at least five classes of protein kinases (CDPK, CRK, CCaMK, CaMK and SnRK3), which activity is regulated by calcium ions. In this article the structure, regulation and function of calcium stimulated protein kinases are briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jaworski
- Departament of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Gagarina St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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Charpenteau M, Jaworski K, Ramirez BC, Tretyn A, Ranjeva R, Ranty B. A receptor-like kinase from Arabidopsis thaliana is a calmodulin-binding protein. Biochem J 2004; 379:841-8. [PMID: 14720124 PMCID: PMC1224105 DOI: 10.1042/bj20031045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2003] [Revised: 12/19/2003] [Accepted: 01/14/2004] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Screening a cDNA expression library with a radiolabelled calmodulin (CaM) probe led to the isolation of AtCaMRLK, a receptor-like kinase (RLK) of Arabidopsis thaliana. AtCaMRLK polypeptide sequence shows a modular organization consisting of the four distinctive domains characteristic of receptor kinases: an amino terminal signal sequence, a domain containing seven leucine-rich repeats, a single putative membrane-spanning segment and a protein kinase domain. Using truncated versions of the protein and a synthetic peptide, we demonstrated that a region of 23 amino acids, located near the kinase domain of AtCaMRLK, binds CaM in a calcium-dependent manner. Real-time binding experiments showed that AtCaMRLK interacted in vitro with AtCaM1, a canonical CaM, but not with AtCaM8, a divergent isoform of the Ca2+ sensor. The bacterially expressed kinase domain of the protein was able to autophosphorylate and to phosphorylate the myelin basic protein, using Mn2+ preferentially to Mg2+ as an ion activator. Site-directed mutagenesis of the conserved lysine residue (Lys423) to alanine, in the kinase subdomain II, resulted in a complete loss of kinase activity. CaM had no influence on the autophosphorylation activity of AtCaMRLK. AtCaMRLK was expressed in reproductive and vegetative tissues of A. thaliana, except in leaves. Disruption in the AtCaMRLK coding sequence by insertion of a DsG transposable element in an Arabidopsis mutant did not generate a discernible phenotype. The CaM-binding motif of AtCaMRLK was found to be conserved in several other members of the plant RLK family, suggesting a role for Ca2+/CaM in the regulation of RLK-mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Charpenteau
- UMR 5546 CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, BP 17 Auzeville, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan cedex, France
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Szmidt-Jaworska A, Jaworski K, Tretyn A, Kopcewicz J. The involvement of cyclic GMP in the photoperiodic flower induction of Pharbitis nil. J Plant Physiol 2004; 161:277-84. [PMID: 15077626 DOI: 10.1078/0176-1617-01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of cGMP in the regulation of the flowering of Pharbitis nil was investigated through exogenous applications of cGMP and chemicals that are able to change the cGMP level and analyses of endogenous cGMP level. Exogenous applications of cGMP and 8-pCPT-cGMP (a cyclic GMP non hydrolyzed analog) to P. nil plants, which were exposed to a 12-h-long subinductive night, significantly increased flowering response. NS-2028 (guanylyl cyclase inhibitor) inhibited flowering when that compound was applied during a 16-h-long inductive night, whereas SNP (guanylyl cyclase activator) increased the flowering when plants were subjected to a 12-h-long subinductive night. The inhibitors of cyclic nucleotides phosphodiesterase (isobutyl-methylxanthine and dipyridamole), which increase the cytosolic cGMP level, promoted the flowering and allowed the length of the dark period necessary for induction of flowering to be reduced. The endogenous cGMP level was also measured after the treatment of P. nil seedlings with those chemicals. Results have clearly shown that compounds that were used in physiological experiments modulated endogenous cGMP level. There was a significant difference in the cyclic GMP level between 16-h-long night conditions and a long night with a night-break. During a long inductive night the oscillation of cGMP was observed with four main peaks in 4, 7, 11, 14 h, whereas a 10 min flash of red light in the middle of the night was able to modify these rhythmical changes in the second half of the long night. These results have shown that there are oscillations in the concentration of cGMP in the night and the biosynthesis and/or deactivation of cGMP is affected by light treatment and therefore it may be involved in the regulation of photoinduction processes in cotyledons. From these combined results, we propose a hypothesis that cGMP is involved in the control of photoperiodic flower induction in Pharbitis nil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Nicholaus Copernicus University, Institute of General and Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, Gagarina St. 9, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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Abstract
It is known that the level of cGMP is modulated in response to a number of stimuli in plant cells but intracellular events distal to cGMP metabolism are not clear. Cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (Pk-G) is a major effector of cGMP action in animals and yeasts. We wanted to determine whether such kinase is present in plant cells. A soluble protein kinase was isolated from seedlings of Pharbitis nil and purified following purification methods including anion-exchange and affinity-chromatography. The enzyme consists of a single polypeptide of M(r) 70 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE. From conventional modulators only cyclic GMP, when applied in low concentration, was able to accelerate the enzyme activity in the presence of histones. The enzyme autophosphorylated on serine and threonine residues and phosphorylated some substrates only on serine residues. Mixture of histones and histones H2B, H3 were the best phosphate acceptors. The process of autophosphorylation was accelerated by a low concentration of cGMP and reduced by high concentration of this second messenger. Antibodies raised against catalytic domain of animals Pk-G I alpha and beta cross-reacted with protein kinase from Pharbitis nil tissue. These data, taken together, demonstrate the presence of functional enzyme, which activity is regulated by cGMP and allow to classify this protein kinase as a member of the second messenger regulated group of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Department of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Institute of General and Molecular Biology, Gagarina St. 9, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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Jaworski K, Szmidt-Jaworska A, Tretyn A, Kopcewicz J. Biochemical evidence for a calcium-dependent protein kinase from Pharbitis nil and its involvement in photoperiodic flower induction. Phytochemistry 2003; 62:1047-1055. [PMID: 12591257 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00677-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A soluble Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) was isolated from seedlings of the short-day plant Pharbitis nil and purified to homogeneity. Activity of Pharbitis nil CDPK (PnCDPK) was strictly dependent on the presence of Ca(2+) (K(0,5)=4,9 microM). The enzyme was autophosphorylated on serine and threonine residues and phosphorylated a wide diversity of substrates only on serine residues. Histone III-S and syntide-2 were the best phosphate acceptors (K(m) for histone III-S=0,178 mg ml(-1)). Polyclonal antibodies directed to a regulatory region of the soybean CDPK recognized 54 and 62 kDa polypeptides from Pharbitis nil. However, only 54 kDa protein was able to catalyse autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of substrates in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. CDPK autophosphorylation was high in 5-day-old Pharbitis nil seedlings grown under non-inductive continuous white light and was reduced to one-half of its original when plants were grown in the long inductive night. Also, the pattern of proteins phosphorylation has changed. After 16-h-long inductive night phosphorylation of endogenous target (specific band of 82 kDa) increased in the presence of calcium ions. It may suggest that Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase is involved in this process and it is dependent on light/dark conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Morphogenesis, Nicholaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 9 St, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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Pornet J, Miginiac L, Jaworski K, Randrianoelina B. Regiospecific allenylation of acetals with propargyltrimethylsilanes catalyzed by a Lewis acid: synthesis of .alpha.-allenyl ethers and 3-silylated 3,4-dihydrofurans. Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om00121a024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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